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                    <text>GVSU FACULTY-LED PROGRAM

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STUDY ABROAD
South Africa:

Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies

The Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies program in Cape Town, South Africa combines a strong
academic program with service to the community. Participants examine how iss ues such as reproductive health, education, viole nee,
political representation, and Apartheid have intersected to impact the role of women within various societal and class structures.

CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA -

In addition to service learning and academic lectures, students will visit the Cape of Good Hope, Boulders National Park, the District
Six Museum, the lziko Slave Museum, Robben Island where Nelson Mandela was imprisoned, and visit the Apartheid Museum,
Hector Peterson Memoria l and the Nelson Mandela House in Johannesburg.

Program Directors
Ayana Weekley

Dr. Danielle DeMuth

215 Lake Ontario Hall

218 Lake Ontario Hall

616-331-8173

616-33 1-8114

weekleya@gvsu.edu

demuthd@gvsu .edu

Find this program on Facebook and Flickr!
www .gvsu. ed u/ st u dya broad/ southafricawgs

Apply by February 1, 2017 at:
www.gvsu.edu/studyabroad

�Contact

Courses

Padnos International Center

Students will register for a total of 6 credits :

130 Lake Ontario Hall
Allendale, Ml 49401
www.gvsu.edu/studyabroad
studyabroad@gvsu .edu
616-331-3898

WGS 358: Women and Gender in South Africa (3 credits) AND

Walk-In Advising Hours:
Monday - Friday: 8am - 5pm
Hours are extended to 7pm during
the fall &amp; winter semesters.
No appointment necessary!

Dates
May 09 - June 16, 2017
(5.5 weeks)

Housing
Students will stay in a privately-run
residence in rooms shared with GVSU
students.

Eligibility

WGS 493: Community Collaborative in South Africa (3 credits)

Language of instruction: English

Excursions &amp; Highlights
•

Gain a deeper understanding of race and class through a global feminist perspective

•

Participate in service-learning through SHAWCO, a non -gonvernmental organization that
works with adults and children ; and focuses on education, health, and social issues

•

Engage with local community members in an impactful way

Cost
Program Fee

Tuition

Other expenses

$3,960 (paid to GVSU)

$3,036 (paid to GVSU)

$1,188 (estimate)

What's Included?

What's Included?

What's Included?

•
•

•

•
•
•
•
•

•
•
•

Round -trip airfare
Breakfasts, some lunches and
dinners
Housing
Fi eld trips and fees
All ground transportation

6 credits

Open to all majors. 2.0 GPA required .

Total Estimated Cost: $8,184

Recommended that students have taken
WGS 200: Introduction to Gender Studies .

How do I pay for study abroad?

Non-GVSU students are eligible.

Visit the website for details.

Apply

Vaccination s ($500)
Additional meals ($320)
Personal expenses($200)
Passport/photos ($140)
ISIC card - optional ($28)

Students can use financial aid, scholarships, grants, personal funds and alternative loans to
fund study abroad . Scholarship options include but are not limited to the Faculty -Led Program
Grant ($1,500) . Faculty-Led program grants are need -based and limited.
For more information on funding, visit www.gvsu.edu/studyabroad

Apply online by February 1, 2017 at:
www.gvsu.edu/studyabroad

*All program information including courses, duration of program, dates and other logistics are subject to change. Fee subject to adjustment based
on actual exchanae rates and international airfare. Proarams mav be cancelled due to extenuatina circumstances.

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.......

,.......

•

•

"~

-

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'•'-"-

•

GVSU FACULTY-LED PROGRAM

South Africa:

Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies

The Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies program in Cape Town, South Africa combines a strong
academic program with service to the community. Participants examine how issues such as reproductive health, education, violence,
political representation, and Apartheid have intersected to impact the role of women within various societal and class structures .
CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA -

In addition to service learning and academic lectures, students will visit the Cape of Good Hope, Boulders National Park, the District
Six Museum, the lziko Slave Museum, Robben Island where Nelson Mandela wa s imprisoned, and visit the Apartheid Museum,
Hector Peterson Memorial and the Nelson Mandela House in Johannesburg.

Program Director
Dr. Danielle DeMuth
Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies
218 Lake Ontario Hall
616-331-8114
demuthd@gvsu.edu

Find this program on Facebook and Flickr!

Apply by February 1, 2018 at:

www.gvsu.edu/studyabroad

@

GRANDVALLEY
STATE UNIVERSITX
BARBARA AND STUART
PAONOS I TERNATIONAL
CENTER

�Contact

Courses

Padnos International Center

Students will register for a total of 6 credits:

130 Lake Ontario Hall
Allendale, Ml 49401
www.gvsu .edu/studyabroad
studyabroad@gvsu.edu
616-331-3898

WGS 358: Women and Gender in South Africa (3 credits) AND

Walk-In Advising Hours:
Monday - Friday: 8am - 4pm
Hours are extended to 7pm during
the fall &amp; winter semesters.
No appointment necessary!

Dates
May 09 - June 17, 2018
(5 .5 weeks)

Housing
Students will stay in a privately-run
residence in rooms shared with GVSU
students.

Eligibility
Open to all majors. 2.0 GPA required.

WGS 493: Community Collaborative in South Africa (3 credits)

Language of instruction: English

Excursions &amp; Highlights
•

Gain a deeper understanding of race and class through a global feminist perspective

•

Participate in service-learning through SHAWCO, a non-governmental organization that
works with adults and children; focusing on education, health and social issues

•

Engage with local community members in an impactful way

Cost
Program Fee

Tuition

Other expenses

$4,191 (paid to GVSU)

$3,150 (paid to GVSU)

$1,188 (estimate)

What's Included?

What's Included?

What's Included?

•
•

•

•
•
•
•
•

•
•
•

Round-trip airfare
Breakfasts, some lunches and
dinners
Housing
Field trips and fees
All ground transportation

6 credits

Vaccinations ($500)
Additional meals ($320)
Personal expenses ($200)
Passport/photos ($140)
ISIC card - optional ($28)

Total Estimated Cost: $8,529

Recommended that students have taken
WGS 200: Introduction to Gender Studies .

How do I pay for study abroad?
Non-GVSU students are eligible.
Visit the website for details.

Apply

Students can use financial aid, scholarships, grants, personal funds and alternative loans to
fund study abroad. Scholarship options include but are not limited to the Faculty -Led Program
Grant ($1,500) . Faculty-Led program grants are need -based and limited .
For more information on funding, visit www.gvsu.edu/studyabroad

Apply online by February 1, 2018 at:
www.gvsu.edu/studyabroad

*All program information including courses, duration of program, dates and other logistics are subject to change. Fee subject to adjustment based
on actual exchange rates and international airfare. Programs may be cancelled due to extenuating circumstances.

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                    <text>Grand Valley State University
Veterans' History Project
Rick Sturim
Cold War-Vietnam War Era
1 hour 3 minutes 32 seconds
(00:00:40) Early Life
-Born in Brooklyn, New York on October 21, 1942
-Lived in Brooklyn until he was about five, or six years old
-Family moved to Hawthorne, New Jersey
-Lived there for four years
-Moved to Fair Lawn, New Jersey
-Mother and father were from Hell's Kitchen in New York City
-Father served in the Navy during World War II
-Stationed at Naval Station Norfolk, Virginia
-Father worked in printing &amp; silk, ran a hobby shop, and worked for Curtiss-Wright until retirement
-Graduated from high school in 1960
(00:03:05) College &amp; Air Force Reserve Officers' Training Corps Pt. 1
-Went to Newark College of Engineering (now called the New Jersey Institute of Technology)
-Studied there for four years
-Majored in mechanical engineering
-Joined the Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC)
-In his junior year of college he selected mechanical engineering as his main focus
-Only able to join the Air Force ROTC because it was the only ROTC offered at the college
-Had always been interested in automobiles and mechanical devices
-Didn't pay a lot of attention to the Cold War during college
-Went to Otis Air Force Base (now Otis Air National Guard Base), Massachusetts for summer training
-Met President Kennedy
-Saw how much the presidency had aged him
-Shortly after that visit, President Kennedy was assassinated
-Commissioned as a 2nd lieutenant and received his orders in 1964
-Originally supposed to receive training as a weatherman
-He was captain of the ROTC rifle and the college rifle team
-Part of a local fraternity
(00:06:23) Jewish Heritage &amp; Population
-Never experienced any religious or ethnic discrimination due to being Jewish
-Family name was originally Sturimski, but was changed to Sturim at Ellis Island
-Parents had grown up in a Jewish and European community in the United States
-There was a sizable Jewish population in Fair Lawn, New Jersey
(00:08:14) Air Force Reserve Officers' Training Corps Pt. 2
-Not a lot of traditional military training in the ROTC
-Taught protocol in the Air Force
-Didn't do a lot of marching
-Had to keep your uniform clean and presentable
-Not a lot of preparation for military life
(00:08:53) Training at Chanute Air Force Base
-Reported to Chanute Air Force Base, Illinois in December 1964
-Placed in an older barracks

�-Stopped at the Officers' Club to establish his bearings
-Tried to order a beer available on the East Coast, and the bartender had no idea what it was
-The next day he and the other officers met at the Officers' Club to go to classes
-Two sessions of classes
-Started in the early morning and got done at noon
-Second session was from 1 p.m. to 6 p.m.
-Received training as an Aircraft Maintenance Officer
-Repair and maintenance training
-Learned how to remove the engines
-Flew a Lockheed T-33 and a Lockheed Constellation with a trainer
-Had not signed up to be a pilot
-Mother didn't want him to fly out of concern for his safety
-Trained for seven months at Chanute Air Force Base
-Led marches during Pass-in-Review (marching past an officer for inspection)
-Did it during the warmer weather
-Led the enlisted men during the Pass-in-Review
(00:13:42) Getting Married
-Got married to Harriet (Sturim) in the last six weeks of training at Chanute Air Force Base
-Note: Based on Harriet's interview they got married on June 12, 1965
-Married for 50 years as of the interview
-Met at a Jewish youth group as adolescents
-Went to the same middle school and high school
-Separate social circles
-Attended separate colleges
-Met up again in Fair Lawn, New Jersey between his junior and senior year of college
-Started dating after that
(00:15:58) Assignment to Chanute Air Force Base &amp; Ramey Air Force Base
-Original orders to become a meteorologist changed which led to training at Chanute Air Force Base
-Got a month off after completing training at Chanute Air Force Base
-Had honeymoon with Harriet while he waited for his new orders
-Flew to Puerto Rico on August 13, 1965
-Landed at San Juan
-Flew in his Air Force dress uniform
-Bused from San Juan to Ramey Air Force Base
-Bus broke down due to battery problems
-Driver called for help and Puerto Rican men came out of shacks to push the bus
-Pushed it until the battery restarted
-Changed his perception of Puerto Ricans
(00:18:46) Anti-War/Anti-Military Protests Pt. 1
-Encountered anti-war/anti-military sentiments while in college
-Wore his ROTC uniform around college and encountered harassment
(00:20:30) Vietnam War Pt. 1
-Not aware of the escalation of the conflict in Vietnam in the early 1960s
-Didn't pay attention to the Vietnam War while at Chanute Air Force Base
(00:21:00) Stationed at Ramey Air Force Base Pt. 1
-Placed in the Visiting Officers' Quarters at Ramey Air Force Base
-Squadron commander invited him and Harriet to go to their house
-Duplex house and ready for them to move in when they arrived
-Two bedrooms, a living room, a dining room, and a kitchen

�-Had an outdoor laundry room
-Stationed in Puerto Rico for three years
-Base needed aircraft maintenance officers
-Started out as the flight-line maintenance officer
-Went from plane to plan to see if work needed to be done on them
-Had a wide variety of aircraft
-16 B-52Gs (nuclear loaded bombers)
-16 KC-135s (tankers)
-2 U-3As (communications aircraft)
-2 C-54s (transport aircraft; flown during the Berlin Airlift relief mission)
-Also had C-45 CAPs (utility aircraft)
-Oversaw maintenance of the base aircraft
-Insured repairs were done if necessary
-Signed-off on forms allowing for flight
-Worked with good men
-Many of them veterans of WWII
-He was in the Organizational Maintenance Squadron
-Coordinated maintenance with other maintenance squadrons
-Had three markings to designate aircraft flight readiness
-Red / meant it needed repair, red x meant it was unsafe for flight, – meant it was safe to fly
-Up to him if an aircraft was safe to fly
(00:26:40) Non-commissioned Officers &amp; Commissioned Officers at Ramey Air Force Base Pt. 1
-One man flew in the China-Burma-India Theater in WWII
-One man flew in a B-17 bomber as a gunner and shot down a German Me-109 fighter plane
-One man flew a P-51 fighter plane during the war
-Rick was a young, new officer and had the least experience
-Worked with senior sergeants who had years of experience
-Learned about aircraft through them
-Had one senior master sergeant that made that rank before Rick was born
-Had served nine months during World War II
-Had to have respect for his non-commissioned officers
-Officers that didn't respect the NCOs didn't do well as officers
-Had officers that he reported to
-His superior, squadron commander, and administrative officer
-Worked with two other flight-line maintenance officers
(00:30:28) Stationed at Ramey Air Force Base Pt. 2
-Had six bombers, and six tankers on alert at all times
-Outfitted for electronic warfare and carried nuclear weapons
-Rest of the bombers flew training missions every third day
-Had to provide status for every aircraft
(00:31:45) Non-commissioned Officers &amp; Commissioned Officers at Ramey Air Force Base Pt. 2
-Worked closely with enlisted men a lot of the time because they did a lot of the work
-Had to respect and cooperate with the enlisted men
-Had a work relationship similar to a civilian workplace
-Listened to the non-commissioned officers for advice
-Lower in rank, but they had more experience
-Went from the rank of 2nd lieutenant, to 1st lieutenant, to captain while in Puerto Rico
-Normal for a junior officer to be stationed at a base for three years
-Chance for a new officer to gain experience

�(00:33:58) Cold War Pt. 1
-Had alerts
-Bomber and tanker crews went to their aircraft and turned on the engines
-Sometimes taxied onto the runway
-Had to be ready at all times
-He was part of the Mobility Team
-In the event of nuclear war the B-52s took off first, followed by the KC-135 tankers
-Mobility Team flew to a civilian airbase to wait for a tanker with maintenance equipment
-Flew them to a foreign country's airport
-Repair and refuel B-52s after a bombing run to get back to the U.S.
-B-52Gs did flights from Puerto Rico to the Mediterranean Sea and flew around that area
-Refueled twice during the flight
-Flight took 27 hours
-Two B-52s flew at a time and were armed with nuclear weapons
-In case one dropped out, another B-52 could join the first
(00:37:15) Aircraft at Ramey Air Force Base
-Refueled the SR-71 Blackbird and U-2 spy planes
-Refueled B-25s from Venezuela
-Serviced National Guard F-84s, F-86s, Canberra bombers, and F-104s
-Puerto Rican pilots trained with the F-104s
-Did training missions “attacking” the B-52s
-A few of the pilots crashed their F-104s in the ocean
-Difficult aircraft to handle
(00:38:22) Dominican Republic Revolution
-A pilot from the Dominican Republic flew his P-51 to Puerto Rico to seek asylum
-There was civil unrest and revolution in 1965 and 1966
-Note: U.S. Army's 82nd Airborne Division was eventually deployed to the country
-Relatively little activity at Ramey Air Force base during the revolution
-Wouldn't have used nuclear weapons in that situation, but they were placed on alert
(00:39:56) Cold War Pt. 2
-U-2 spy planes flew out of Ramey Air Force Base
-Conducting “high altitude weather monitoring”
-Coincidentally, the spy planes always flew over Cuba
(00:40:14) B-52 Crash
-Remembers a B-52 crashing off the coast of Puerto Rico
-Three, out of seven, crewmen survived
-He was placed on the accident investigation team
-Learned about the details of the crash later in life
-Life raft inflated and pushed the copilot into the plane's controls
-At 1,500 feet there was no chance to recover
(00:42:54) Vietnam War Pt. 1
-Vietnam War escalated during his time at Ramey Air Force Base
-Supported the war with KC-135 tankers and sent over B-52 bomber crew
-Talked with the bomber crews after they returned from missions in Vietnam
(00:44:00) Stationed at Kincheloe Air Force Base
-Sent to Kincheloe Air Force Base in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan
-Would've been sent to Vietnam if he stayed in the Air Force
-Didn't go to Vietnam because the B-52Gs were nuclear bombers, not conventional bombers
-In August 1968 he and Harriet moved to Kincheloe Air Force Base

�-Maintenance supervisor at Kincheloe Air Force Base
-Had five officers and 177 enlisted men in his command
-Sought out the non-commissioned officers and asked for their advice
-Had cherry-pickers with heaters to de-ice the aircraft during the winter
-Worked with WWII and Korean War veterans
-Shared his office with one non-commissioned officer
-During the Christmas of 1968 the base got hit with heavy snow
-Had to move the aircraft to one side of the runway, clear it, then move it back
-That non-commissioned officer helped him with that job
-Had mutual respect for each other
(00:48:23) Morale of the Men
-Had 22 year old crew chiefs working on the KC-135s and B-52s in Puerto Rico
-Took responsibility for aircraft and took care of their planes on their time-off
-Took pride in their work
-Enlisted men worked well
-Had practical skills and knowledge from civilian life prior to Air Force service
-Technical sergeants and higher-ranking sergeants effectively ran things at air bases
(00:50:00) Aero-Club
-Part the Aero-Club in Puerto Rico as a maintenance officer
-Got his private pilot's license
-Had Puerto Rican nationals working on the civilian aircraft in the Aero-Club
(00:50:43) Operational Readiness Inspections
-Had Operational Readiness Inspections (ORIs) at random while at Ramey Air Force Base
-Mobility Team had its equipment checked
-Made sure the planes were ready to fly missions
-Ramey Air Force Base passed its ORI with flying colors
-Celebrated with the non-commissioned officers and enlisted men
-Proud of them at the time, and is still proud of them
(00:53:10) Non-commissioned Officers Pt. 3 &amp; Other Airmen
-Enlisted men had chosen Air Force because they felt it was the best branch
-Worked with Thomas Ferebee
-Bombardier on the Enola Gay when it dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima
(00:54:00) Son's Air Force Service
-One of his sons served in the Air Force
-Got a regular commission with the ROTC at Northwestern University
-Had to be in top 10% of class to get a regular commission as opposed to reserve commission
-Served 25 years in the Air Force
-Worked with NATO
-Served at Eglin Air Force Base, Florida
-Helped with the SEEK EAGLE Program
-Certifying weapons, suspension equipment, tanks, and pods on aircraft
(00:54:43) Vietnam War Pt. 2
-In 1968 the war turned political as opposed to military
-Placed limits on military movement and combat in Vietnam
-Discussed the war while at Kincheloe Air Force Base
-Men just wanted the military to be able to do its job in the war without restraint
(00:56:03) Race in the Air Force
-Had one black, chief master sergeant in his squadron
-He was a nice man, but had a little problem passing physical tests

�-Didn't see any racial tension, specifically
-Some issues existed with the Puerto Rican servicemen due to a language barrier
-Some of the enlisted Puerto Rican servicemen lacked dedication
(00:58:07) End of Service
-Oldest son, first child, was born in Puerto Rico in 1967 at the base hospital at Ramey Air Force Base
-Having a child, and more children, influenced his decision to get out of the Air Force
-He was a non-rated officer which meant he didn't have wings which means he couldn't fly
-Couldn't take the squadron commander's position
-Vietnam War was winding down which meant less work for the military
-In August 1969 he was released from active duty
(00:59:17) Life after Service
-Moved to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
-Had a job with Continental Can while in college
-Got his job back with them and worked as a project engineer
-Lived there for four years
-Moved to Bradford, Pennsylvania and worked for Corning Glass
-Moved to New Jersey and worked for Crescent Wire &amp; Cable
-Moved to Grand Rapids, Michigan
-Got a job with Walter Hagen Golf Gear
-Got a job at Cascade Engineering
-Got a job with the Domtar Mine (gypsum mining company)
-Started an auto-repair business named Steve's Antique Auto Repair
-Named after his middle son
-Started off as a hobby and turned into a business
-Works on cars made in 1972 or older
(01:00:59) Reflections on Service
-Initially, he didn't think his time in the Air Force would affect him as much as it did
(01:00:17) Veterans' Organizations
-Involved with the American Legion
-Served as post commander for two years
-Wife served as the post auxiliary chaplain and as the 5th District auxiliary chaplain
-Works with younger veterans coming back from Afghanistan and Iraq
-Part of American Legion Post 409
-Friendly post, and hospitable
-Sent 150 care packages to soldiers deployed overseas
-Volunteers at the Grand Rapids Home for Veterans
-Wife helps at the Veterans' Affairs Clinic in Wyoming, Michigan
-Also helps with the “No Veteran Dies Alone” program
-Insures that no aging veteran dies alone in the Grand Rapids Home for Veterans

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                <text>Rick Sturim was born in Brooklyn, New York on October 21, 1942. He attended college at the Newark College of Engineering and joined the Air Force Reserve Officers' Training Corps. He graduated in 1964 and was commissioned in that same year as a 2nd lieutenant. He was trained as an Aircraft Maintenance Officer at Chanute Air Force Base, Illinois from December 1964 through June 1965. In August 1965 he was assigned to Ramey Air Force Base, Puerto Rico where he helped maintain the nuclear weapon-armed B-52 bombers at that base. In August 1968 he was assigned to Kincheloe Air Force Base in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan and stayed there until August 1969 when he was discharged from the Air Force. </text>
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                    <text>Grand Valley State University
Veterans' History Project
Harriet Sturim
Wife of Air Force Veteran, Veterans' Organization Volunteer
42 minutes 5 seconds
(00:00:40) Early Life Pt. 1
-Born in the Bronx in New York City
-First generation American
-Both parents migrated from Germany, fleeing Nazi persecution of Jewish persons
-Maternal grandparents were murdered at Bergen-Belsen concentration camp
(00:01:15) Father's Military Service
-Father was drafted into the United States Army
-Parents came to the United States in the early 1930s (1933 or later)
-Parents met in New York City
-Father was drafted when Harriet was three months old
-Sent to Texas for basic training
-Had been a butcher's apprentice in Germany
-Meant he served in the Army as a cook
-Sent to Germany as part of the Army of Occupation
-38 years old and one of the oldest men in his unit
-Helped as a translator
-Commanding officer wanted him to stay in the Army
-Refused to sign his discharge paperwork
-Wound up having to hide his discharge paperwork in other paperwork to get it signed
-Served as a cook and also managed supplies in the kitchen
(00:04:44) Early Life Pt. 2
-Born in 1943
-Mother and her moved to Texas to be close to father
-Traveled by train
-Traveled with troops
-They missed their own children and took care of her
-Father went on to own a business and work as a butcher in New York City
(00:05:45) Meeting Her Husband (Rick Sturim) &amp; Getting Married
-In a Jewish youth group together via their synagogue
-She got sick and they didn't see each other for eight years
-Reconnected in college and got engaged
-Graduated from college on June 10, 1965
-Got married on June 12, 1965
(00:06:50) Living at Chanute Air Force Base
-Moved to Chanute Air Force Base, Illinois on June 13, 1965
-Rented a small house together
-Rick went to classes every day
-Had a good time living at Chanute Air Force Base
-Had a family next door
-Little girl wished she and Rick had brought a daughter to befriend
-Befriended other Air Force families
-Stayed at Chanute Air Force Base until August 1965

�(00:08:12) Living in Puerto Rico Pt. 1
-Sent to Boston to wait for Rick's new orders
-Received orders to be stationed in Puerto Rico
-Families weren't happy that they would be in Puerto Rico
-Had grown up with Puerto Ricans in New York City
-Didn't have good experiences with them
-Flew to Puerto Rico on August 13, 1965
-En route to the base the Air Force broke down due to a bad battery
-Driver called for help and Puerto Rican men came out of nearby shacks
-Pushed the bus until the engine restarted
-Totally changed her perception of Puerto Ricans
-Placed in the Visiting Officers' Quarters when they arrived at midnight
-Commanding officer came and asked if they wanted to move into their new house
-House was already set up: dishes, groceries, pots and pans, etc.
-Worked for the Department of Defense schools as a speech therapist
-Majored in speech therapy in college
(00�:12:23) Anti-war/Anti-Military Activity Pt. 1
-Never saw any anti-war/anti-military activity in college
-Husband encountered protests while he was in college
(00�:12:50) Living in Puerto Rico Pt. 2
-Went to Puerto Rico because of her mother's courage
-Left Germany as an 18 year old knowing she'd probably never see her parents again
-Enjoyed working in the school in Puerto Rico
-Experienced an earthquake
-Remembers lizards were everywhere
-Little boy brought in one tied to a string as his “pet”
(00:14:18) Teaching in Puerto Rico
-Taught children of service personnel
-Majority of them were Caucasian
-Puerto Ricans lived off-base and sent their children to public schools outside of the base
-Taught children of enlisted and commissioned (officers) personnel
(00:15:11) Wives' Club
-Part of a Wives' Club via the Officers' Club
-Only two lieutenants on the base
-Majority of officers were colonels or generals
-Traveled to San Juan, Mayaguez, and Aguadilla with the other wives
-Introduced her to Puerto Rico
-Wives taught her the unwritten, informal rules about how to conduct herself as an officer's wife
-Emphasis on, and celebration of, their husbands' service to the United States
(00:17:10) Puerto Rico-Off Base
-Aguadilla was the closest town to the base
-Note: Means that the base they lived at was Ramey Air Force Base
-Made some friends in Aguadilla
-Some American personnel never left the base
-She and Rick only stayed on the base during times of civil unrest
-For example, when there were plebiscites about Puerto Rico gaining statehood
-Puerto Ricans welcomed the base because it stimulated the economy and provided jobs
-Had a Puerto Rican maid

�(00:18:21) Leaving Puerto Rico
-Had her first child in December 1967 while they were still in Puerto Rico
-Knew Rick was being reassigned sometime in 1968
-Rick's father had a serious heart attack in the summer of 1968
-Rick received his permanent change of station paperwork
-Left Puerto Rico within 24 hours of receiving that paperwork
-Never returned to Puerto Rico
(00:19:07) Living at Kincheloe Air Force Base
-Sent to Kincheloe Air Force Base in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan
-Arrived at the base in August 1968
-Didn't expect the amount of snow they received
-Snow so high that it reached the top of cars
-Put orange ping-pong balls on the car antennas
-Allowed them to see cars approaching around snow banks
-Had snow until the Fourth of July
-Lived in a wonderful house
-Two-family residence
-Had the base golf course as their backyard
-Stayed at home and took care of their child
-Ran errands and did base activities with the other officers' wives
-Adjusted to being out in the heavy snow and the dry cold
-Snow was pretty and clean as opposed to the dirty snow she was used to in the city
-Glad to leave when the time came, but she enjoyed her time there
-Stayed at Kincheloe Air Force Base for a year
(00:21:57) Anti-War/Anti-Military Activity Pt. 2
-Living on a military base insulated them from the protests of the late 1960s
-Knew the sentiments existed, but didn't affect her or Rick
-Didn't focus on the anti-war/anti-military movement(s) because there were none in the community
-Usually found out about protests in the country a week after they happened
(00:23:27) Women's Movement
-Paid more attention to the women's movement in the 1960s
-Read books by Betty Friedan (writer, activist, and feminist)
-Women's movement made more sense to her than the anti-war/anti-military protests
-Empowering
-Minimal female service personnel while Rick was in the Air Force
-Mostly did clerical work
-No pilots or copilots
-No contact with female service personnel
(00:25:03) Rick's End of Service &amp; Living in Pennsylvania
-Rick was discharged from the Air Force in 1969
-Rick had worked for TRW Crescent Wire &amp; Cable before enlisting in the Air Force
-Company held a job for him, but in a different city
-Lived in Pittsburgh for four years while Rick worked
-Did engineering work
-Got a promotion with a better salary
-Had their second child in Pittsburgh
-Moved to Bradford, Pennsylvania
-Rick got a job with Corning Glass
-She got a job with the Easter Seals preschool doing speech therapy

�(00:26:47) Living in New Jersey
-Moved to Mercerville, New Jersey
-Third child, their daughter, was born there
(00:27:03) Living in Michigan
-Rick found a new job with a golf equipment company in Grand Rapids, Michigan
-Moved to Michigan in 1977
-Experienced the Blizzard of 1978 (“The White Hurricane”)
-One of the worst snow storms on record
-Grand Rapids area was a good place to raise children
-Lived in Wyoming, Michigan; a suburb of Grand Rapids
-Children were the only Jewish children in the Wyoming school district
-Sent the children to Hebrew School through Temple Emanuel
-Open about her family's Jewish faith and heritage
-Predominantly Dutch, Christian-Reformed community at the time
-Aware of the religion and culture in Fair Lawn, New Jersey (where she grew up)
-Only 2% of the population was Jewish in Grand Rapids
(00:30:53) Veterans' Organizations
-Rick became involved with veterans' organizations
-Slowly became involved with the American Legion
-In 2012 Kentwood, Michigan she helped organize the Cost of Freedom Tribute
-Traveling replica of the Vietnam War Memorial
-Served as the chairwoman of the event
-Met the Patriot Guard Riders
-Motorcyclists that honor veterans and escorted the Cost of Freedom Tribute
-Met with Vietnam War veterans
-Learned about efforts taken by them to insure new veterans are treated better
-Volunteers with numerous veterans' organizations in the Grand Rapids area
-Grand Rapids Home for Veterans
-Veterans Affairs (VA) Clinic in Wyoming, Michigan
-Part of the “No Veteran Dies Alone” program at the Grand Rapids Home for Veterans
-Many veterans at the home don't have family members in the area
-Makes sure someone is with the veteran when their life is at an end
-Always a new veterans' cause to get involved with
-Newest efforts are helping female veterans, especially those dealing with sexual trauma
-Works within the female veterans circle
-No infrastructure in the military to deal with things like harassment or rape
-Female veterans are gaining a voice
-It's been a long process of getting women into the military
-Female, World War II veterans support younger female veterans at Stand Downs
-Show them VA benefits, assistance programs, and non-VA veterans' groups/benefits
-Help transition women into civilian life and the civilian workplace
-State of Michigan does a good job integrating military experience into civilian work
-Examples: a medic can become an EMT or a convoy driver can become a truck driver
(00:39:25) Reflections
-All life's experiences influence you for better, or for worse
-Realized that her life has always been impacted by veterans
-Daughter of a WWII veteran, wife of a veteran, and mother of an Air Force veteran
-Has been to Israel three times
-Believes in respecting all people provided they respect her back (in terms of race, religion, etc.)

�-Americans served in the military and during war regardless of race, religion, or gender
-Things are changing in the military and it needs to be recognized and accepted

�</text>
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                <text>Harriet Sturim was born in the Bronx, New York City, New York in 1943 to German immigrants that had fled the Nazi persecution of Jewish citizens in the 1930s. She met her husband, Rick Sturim, in a Jewish youth group as teenagers and reconnected while in college. They married on June 12, 1965 and moved to Chanute Air Force Base, Illinois the next day (where Rick was receiving Aircraft Maintenance Training). She moved to Ramey Air Force Base, Puerto Rico with Rick and worked at the Department of Defense school as a speech therapist and was part of the Wives' Club (extension of the Officers' Club). They stayed at Ramey Air Force Base until August 1968 and then moved to Kincheloe Air Force Base in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan where she continued to do activities with other officers' wives. Rick was discharged in 1969 and they eventually moved to Grand Rapids, Michigan in 1977. She has been involved with numerous veterans' organizations in the Grand Rapids area including the Cost of Freedom Tribute (Vietnam War memorial movement), the Grand Rapids Home for Veterans, the Veterans' Affairs Clinic in Wyoming, Michigan, and the "No Veteran Dies Alone" program at the Grand Rapids Home for Veterans. </text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455"&gt;Veterans History Project collection, (RHC-27)&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"&gt;In Copyright&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Grand Valley State University Libraries. Allendale, Michigan</text>
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Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. &#13;
&#13;
Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D"&gt;Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives.</text>
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                <text>Gilbert, Douglas R.</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Stuyvesant Town, New York City</text>
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                <text>Black and white photograph of Stuyvesant Town–Peter Cooper Village, also known as StuyTown, a large private residential development on the east side of the New York City borough of Manhattan. In the photograph, a group of Stuyvesant Town residential buildings can be seen through a grove of bare trees in the foreground. Scanned from the negative.</text>
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                <text>Black-and-white photography</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783"&gt;Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"&gt;In Copyright&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>1960s</text>
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                <text>Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives</text>
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                  <text>Naval Recognition Training Slides</text>
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                  <text>Military education</text>
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                  <text>Slides developed during World War II as a training tool, for top-side battle-station personnel on board ship and for all aircraft personnel, by the US Navy. In 1942 a Recognition School was established by the Navy at Ohio State University where the method of identification was developed. In 1943 the school was taken over by the US Navy. The importance of training in visual recognition of ships and aircraft became even more evident during World War II. Mistakes resulting in costly errors and loss of life led to an increased emphasis on recognition as a vital skill.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477"&gt;Naval recognition slides (RHC-50)&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections &amp; University Archives.</text>
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                    <text>SUBDIVISIONS
CITY OF GAYLORD, MICHIGAN

17.000

17.001

Sec. 8101. SHORT TITLE.
This Ordinance shall be known as the "Subdivision
Ordinance of the City of Gaylord, Michigan".
(ord. amend. eff. Mar. 14, 1991)

17.002

Sec. 8102. AREA REGULATED.
The rules and regulations governing plats and
subdivisions of lands contained herein shall apply
within the corporate limits of the City and within
such part of the adjacent unincorporated area as may
be within the subdivision jurisdiction of the City
by state Statute except to the extent the platting
of property is controlled by State Statute and this
Ordinance would conflict with State Statute.
Sec. 8103. PROPOSED SUBDIVISION REGULATION.
A regulation to promote in accordance with present
and future needs, the safety, morals, order,
convenience, prosperity, and general welfare of the
citizens of the City of Gaylord, Michigan, and to
provide for efficiency and economy in the process of
development, for convenience of traffic and
circulation of goods, for good civic design and
arrangement, and for adequate public utilities and
facilities by prescribing rules and standards for
the subdivision of land and for the accomplishment
of said purposes to provide for the administration
and enforcement hereof.
(ord. amend. eff. Mar. 14, 1991)

17.003

Sec. 8104. DEFINITIONS.
For the purpose of these regulations, certain words
used herein are defined as follows:
A.

ALLEYS are minor ways of providing a
second means of access to a property.

B.

BLOCK is an area of land within a subdivision
that is entirely bounded by streets, highways,
or ways, except alleys; or by streets or
boundaries of the subdivision.

C.

BUILDING LINE is a line on a plat between
which line and a street no building or structure
may be erected.

17.000 - 17.003

�D.

COUNCIL shall mean the legislative body of the
City.

E.

CUL-DE-SAC is a local street with only
one outlet and culminated by a turn-around.

F.

EASEMENT is a grant by the property owner of the
use for a specific purpose of a strip of land by
the general public, a corporation or a certain
person or persons.

G.

LOCAL STREETS are those which are used
primarily for access to the abutting properties.

H.

LOT is a portion of a subdivision or other
parcel of land intended for the purpose, whether
immediate or future, of transfer of ownership
or for building development.

I.

MAJOR STREETS are those streets designated
as a major artery in the Major street
Plan for the city.

J.

PERFORMANCE BOND is a surety bond or cash
deposit made out to the City of Gaylord in an
amount equal to the full cost of the
improvements which are required by this
regulation, said cost being estimated by the
City Manager and said surety bond or cash
deposit being legally sufficient to secure to
the City that the said improvements will be
constructed in accordance with this regulation.

K.

PUBLIC UTILITY shall mean a public or private
person, firm or corporation, municipal
department, board or commission duly authorized
under Federal, State or Municipal laws or
regulations to furnish to the public: gas,
electricity, sewage disposal, telephone,
television or water.

L.

STREET is all property dedicated or intended
for public or private use for access to abutting
lands or subject to public easements therefor,
and whether designated as a street, highway,
thoroughfare, parkway, throughway, expressway,
road, avenue, boulevard, lane, place, circle or
however otherwise designated.

17.003

�M.

SUBDIVIDER is any person, individual, firm,
partnership, association, corporation, estate,
trust or any other group or combination acting
' as a unit, dividing, or proposing to divide land
so as to constitute a subdivision as defined
herein and includes any agent of the subdivider.

N.

SUBDIVISION means the partitioning or dividing
of a parcel or tract of land by the proprietor
therof or by his heirs, executors,
administrators, legal representatives,
successors or assigns for the purpose of sale,
or lease of more than one year, or of building
development, where the act of division creates
five (5) or more parcels of land each of which
is ten (10) acres or less in area; or five (5)
or more parcels of land each of which is ten
(10) acres or less in area are created by
successive divisions within a period of ten
(10) years.
(ord. amend. eff. Mar. 14, 1991)

17.004

(ord. repealed eff. Mar. 14, 1991)

17.005

(ord. repealed eff. Mar. 14, 1991)

17.006

(ord. repealed eff. Mar. 14, 1991)

17.007

Sec. 8108. JURISDICTION AND PROCEDURE.
1.

Plat, When Required.
It shall be unlawful for
the owner, agent, or persons having control of
any land within the City of Gaylord to subdivide
or lay out such land into lots, blocks, streets,
avenues, alleys, public ways and grounds, unless
by plat in accordance with the laws of the state
of Michigan and the provisions of this
Regulation.
Each subdivider should confer with the city
Manager before preparing the preliminary plan in
order that he may become familiar with the
requirements of these regulations and the
proposals of the Comprehensive Plan as they may
apply to the land proposed to be subdivided.

2.

Procedure.
In obtaining final approval of a
proposed subdivision by the Planning Commission
and the City Council, the subdivider shall

17.004 - 17.007

�submit a preliminary plan, a performance bond,
as may be required and a final plat in
accordance with this Regulation.
(a)

The subdivider sha~l first prepare and file
with the city Manager ten copies of a
preliminary plan conforming to the
requirements set forth in this Regulation.
Said plans shall be accompanied by a fee of
One Dollar ($1.00) for each lot in the
subdivision providing said subdivision does
not consist of less than ten lots, in which
case a minimum filing fee of Fifty Dollars
($50.00) shall be required.

(b)

A presentation of preliminary plan will be
held before the Planning Commission at its
first regular meeting following the
filing.
No hearing shall be held by the
commission until notice has been published
and has been mailed to the person or
persons who filed the preliminary plan to
the address set forth in the filing papers
and to such other interested parties as may
be determined by the Commission.

(c)

The City Staff shall examine said
preliminary plan as to its compliance with
the laws and regulations of the City of
Gaylord and shall submit its findings to
the Planning Commission 15 days prior to
the hearing.

(d)

The Planning Commission shall within a
reasonable time after the public hearing
make its decision on the preliminary plan.
The Planning Commission shall set forth its
recommendations in writing, whether of
approval, modification or disapproval to
the City Council. In case of modification
or disapproval, it shall give its reasons
therefor. The Planning Commission shall
return one copy of any approved preliminary
plan to the subdivider.

(e)

Upon approval of the preliminary plan by
the Planning Commission, the subdivider may
proceed with the preparation of the final
plat and detailed construction drawings and
specifications for the improvements
required under this Regulation.

17.007

�(f)

17.008

The approval of the preliminary plan by the
Planning Commission is revocable and does
not constitute final approval or acceptance
of the subdivision by the City Council or
authorization to proceed on construction of
improvements within the subdivision but
shall constitute approval of layout and
general engineering proposals and plans.
(ord. amend. eff. Mar. 14, 1991)

Sec. 8109. FINAL PLAT: TIME TO SUBMIT.
The final plat shall be submitted to the Council
for approval within one year after approval of the
preliminary plat; otherwise such approval shall
become null and void unless an extension of time is
applied for and granted by the City Council.
(a) Before submitting the final plat to the
City Council for approval, the subdivider shall
furnish all plans and information as listed in
"Final Plat Requirements" necessary for the
detailed engineering consideration of the
improvements required and obtain the approval of
the City Manager which shall be endorsed thereon.
(b) For final plat approval, the subdivider shall
submit to the City Council:
(1)

Ten copies of the final plat.

(2)

A performance bond as required and
approved by the City Staff.

(3)

One copy of the certified approved plans,
profiles, cross sections and
specifications.

(4)

A certificate from the City Staff that the
final plat is substantially in accord with
the preliminary plan as approved by the
Planning Commission.

(c) When the final plat has been passed upon by the
City Council, ten copies of the final plat and
performance bond shall forthwith be transmitted
to the City Council together with a certificate
showing the action of the Planning Commission.
(d) When the final plat has been approved by the
City Council, the performance bond accepted, and
all ten copies duly certified, one copy shall be
delivered to the Planning Commission, and four
17.008

�copies to the city for their respective files,
and three to the subdivider, two of which are
for filing with the County Register of Deeds and
County Treasurer.
If said plat is disapproved
by the City Council, such disapproval shall
point out in writing wherein said proposed plat
is objectionable.
(e) The passage of the resolution accepting the
plat shall constitute final approval of the
platting of the area shown on the final plat,
but the owner shall cause such plat to be
recorded in the offices of the County Treasurer
and County Register of Deeds, and shall file
satisfactory evidence of such recording in the
office of the City Clerk before the City shall
recognize the plat as being in full force and
effect.
(f) The State requires certain certificates be
entered on record together with the certified
plat.
(g) Receipt of the duly certified final plat by
the subdivider is authorization that subdivider
proceed with the installation and construction
of the required improvements.
(h) The city of Gaylord will return the performance
bond to the subdivider upon certification by the
City Manager of satisfactory completion of the
installation and construction of the required
improvements and acceptance of the required
improvements by the City Council. Prior to
certification by the City Manager, the
subdivider shall file with the City Manager
plans, profiles, and cross sections of the
required improvements as they have been built.
(ord. amend. eff. Mar. 14, 1991)
17.009

Sec. 8110. PRELIMINARY PLAN.
1.

2.

The Preliminary Plan shall be clearly and
legibly drawn to a scale of one inch to one
hundred feet or less and shall be plainly marked
· Preliminary Plan".
The Plan Shall Show:
(a)

The proposed name of the subdivision and,
if different, the title under which the
subdivision is to be recorded.

17.009

�(b)

The name and address of the owner and the
name, address and profession of the person
preparing the plan.

(c)

The date, scale and northpoint, and a key
map, showing the general location of the
proposed subdivision in relation to
surrounding deve~opment.

(d)

The legal description of the area bei11g
platted.

(e)

The boundary line (accurate in scale), the
dimensions and location of the property to
be platted and the location of section
lines shall be shown.

(f)

The .names and location of adjacent
subdivisions and the names of record owners
and location of adjoining parcels of
unplatted land.
The location of property lines, streets and
alleys, easements, buildings, utilities,
watercourses, tree masses and other
existing features affecting the plan.

(g)

(h)

The zoning classification and proposed use
for the area being platted.

(i)

The layout, numbers and approximate
dimensions of proposed lots.

(j)

The layout of all existing and proposed
building lines and easements.

(k)

The location, width and dimensions of all
streets, alleys and grounds proposed to be
dedicated for public use.

(1)

Proposed names for all streets in the area
being platted. The City Council reserves
the right to name all streets.

(m)

Written and signed statements explaining
how and when the subdivider proposes to
provide and install all required sewers,
water, pavements, sidewalks and drainage
structures including curb and gutter. All
improvements shall conform to City
Specifications.

17.009

�17.010

(n)

Written and signed statements of the
appropriate officials of the availability
of gas and electricity to the proposed
subdivision.

(o)

Any restrictions proposed to be included in
the owner's declaration of plat.
(ord. amend. eff. Mar. 14, 1991)

Sec. 8111. FINAL PLAT REQUIREMENTS.
1.

The Final Plat shall be clearly and
drawn to a scale of one inch to one
or less and in ink on tracing cloth
suitable permanent base approved by
Staff.

2.

The Plat Shall Show:

legibly
hundred feet
or any other
the City

(a)

The title under which the subdivision is to
be recorded.

(b)

The name or names of the owners and
subdividers.

(c)

The date, scale and northpoint, and a key
map showing the general location of the
proposed subdivision.

(d)

The legal description of the area being
platted.

(e)

Accurate distances and bearings of all
boundary lines of the subdivision including
all sections, U.S. survey and Congressional
township lines.

(f)

Centerlines of all proposed and adjoining
streets with their right-of-way width and
names.

(g)

Lines of all lots with a simple method of
numbering to identify all lots and blocks.

(h)

All building lines and all easements
provided for public service together with
their dimensions and any limitations of the
easements.

17.010

�17.011

(i)

Any and all dimensions necessary for
accurate location of the boundaries of the
site to be developed and of all streets,
lots, easements and dedicated areas. These
dimensions shall be expressed in feet and
decimals of a foot.

(j)

All radii, arcs, points of tangency,
central angles and lengths of curves.

(k)

certification by a registered land surveyor
that the final plat as shown is a correct
representation of the survey as made.

(1)

All survey monuments and benchmarks,
together with their description.

(m)

Private restrictive covenants and their
period of existence.

(n)

The accurate outline, dimensions and
purposes of all property which is offered
for dedication or is to be reserved for
acquisition for public use, or is to be
reserved by deed covenant for the common
use of the property owners in the
subdivision.
(ord. amend. eff. Mar. 14, 1991)

Sec. 8112. STREET CONSTRUCTION: SPECIFICATIONS.
Twelve (12) feet on each side of the centerline
shall be constructed of eight (8) inches of
compacted gravel meeting 22-A specifications of the
Michigan State Highway Department. The pavement
will consist of 3 11 Bituminous Asphalt No. ll00L and
No. ll00T, 20AA.
All construction shall be supervised by the City
Manager and any deviations from the above
specifications must be approved by the said Manager.
(ord. amend. eff. Mar. 14, 1991)

17.012

Sec. 8113. STORM SEWER/CURB AND GUTTER.
Must be furnished on all streets. Design and
materials must be approved by the City Manager per
City Specifications.
(ord. amend. eff. Mar. 14, 1991)

17.011 - 17.012

�17.013

Sec. 8114. INSTALLATION OF PUBLIC UTILITIES.
All public utilities in any subdivision shall be
installed underground. All lots must be serviced by
the municipal water and sewer service and the design
and materials for such service must have the prior
approval of the City Manager. Design and materials
for all other utilities must comply with the
specifications and requirements of the furnishing
utility company. All utilities shall be stubbed to
the property line at the time of installation.
(ord. amend. eff. Mar. 14, 1991)

17.014

Sec. 8115. SIDEWALKS.
Two sidewalks shall be required along all streets.
All sidewalks shall have a minimum width of five
feet and shall be constructed under the supervision
of, and subject to the approval of, the City
Manager. Sidewalks shall be located one foot inside
the street right-of-way line.
(ord. amend. eff. Mar. 14, 1991)

17.015

Sec. 8116. ALLEYS: COMPLIANCE.
Alleys shall comply with the following requirements:

17.016

A.

Alleys shall be provided in commercial and
industrial district, except that the Council may
waive this requirement where other definite and
assured provision is made for service access,
such as off-street loading, unloading and
parking consistent with and adequate for the
uses proposed.

B.

The width of an alley shall be not less than
twenty feet.

c.

Dead-end alleys shall be avoided where possible,
but if unavoidable, shall be provided with
adequate turn-around facilities at the dead-end
as determined by the Council.
(ord. amend. eff. Mar. 14, 1991)

Sec. 8117. EASEMENTS.
Easements shall comply with the following
requirements:
A.

Easements across lots or centered on rear or
side lot lines shall be provided for utilities
where necessary and shall be at least twelve
feet wide.

17.013 - 17.016

I

. I

I

�B.

17.017

Where a subdivision is traversed by a water
course, drainage way, channel or stream, there
shall be provided a storm water easement or
• drainage right-of-way conforming substantially
with the lines of such water course, and such
further width or construction, or both as will
be adequate for the purpose.
(ord. amend. eff. Mar. 14, 1991)

Sec. 8118. BLOCKS.
Blocks shall comply with the following requirements:

17.018

A.

No block may be more than 1,320 feet or less
than 500 feet in length between the centerlines
of intersecting streets, except where in the
opinion of the Council, extraordinary conditions
unquestionable justify a departure from these
limits.

B.

In blocks over 700 feet in length, the Council
may require at or near the middle of the block a
public way or easement of not less than twelve
feet in width for use by pedestrians and/or as
an easement for public utilities.
(ord. amend. eff. Mar. 14, 1991)

Sec. 8119. LOTS.
Lots shall comply with the following requirements:
A.

The lot size, width, depth, shape and
orientation, and the minimum building set back
lines shall be appropriate for the location of
the subdivisions and for the type of development
and use contemplated.

B.

Minimum lot dimensions and size shall conform
to the requirements of the Zoning Ordinance:
Provided:
1.

Residential lots shall be a minimum width
of 100 feet at 25 feet from front lot line.
No lot shall be less than 10,000 square feet
in area, nor have a depth of less than 100
feet or a depth in excess of three times its
width.

2.

Depth and width of properties reserved or
laid out for commercial and industrial
purposes shall be adequate to provide for
the off-street service and parking
facilities required by the type of use and
development contemplated.
17.017 - 17.018

�r,

3.

17.019

Corner lots for residential use shall have
extra width to permit appropriate building
set back from and orientation to both
streets.

C.

The subdivision of the land shall be such as to
provide, by means of a public street, each lot
with satisfactory access to an existing public
street.

D.

Double frontage, or lots with frontage on two
parallel streets should be avoided except where
essential to provide separation of residential
development from traffic arteries or to overcome
specific disadvantages of topography and
orientation. A planning screen easement of at
least ten feet and across which there shall be
provided along the line of lots abutting such a
traffic artery or other disadvantageous use.

E.

Side lot lines shall be substantially at right
angles or radial to street lines.
(ord. amend eff. Mar. 14, 1991)

Sec. 8120. ACCEPI'ANCE:

CITY BENEFITS.

The Council may accept the dedication of parks,
playgrounds, and other public open spaces, when it
appears that the city will benefit from such
dedication.
(ord. amend. eff. Mar. 14, 1991)
17.020

Sec. 8121. REQUIRED IMPROVEMENTS.
The council shall require that all of the following
must be provided for before the approval of a final
plat: A. Sewer. B. Water.
c. Pavement. D. Curb
and Gutter. E. Sidewalk. F. Storm Sewer.
(ord. amend. eff. Mar. 14, 1991)

17.021

Sec. 8122. COMPLETION OF IMPROVEMENTS.
Plans for improvements shall be prepared by a
qualified engineer registered in accordance with the
laws of Michigan. The improvements listed below
shall be installed prior to the approval of the

17.019 - 17.021

�.

'

•

final plat which is prepared for recording
purposes.
In lieu of actual completion of said
im~rovements, the City Council may accept a
performance bond assuring the actual construction
and installation of such improvements and utilities
within a reasonable time, and with the provision
that no residence or other building shall be
constructed until the street improvements, water,
sewer, storm sewer, curb and gutter and sidewalks
have been installed for the entire block in which
the residence or building shall be located.
(ord. amend. eff. Mar. 14, 1991)
17.022

Sec. 8123. RESTRICTIONS:

CERTIFIED COPY.

A certified copy of the plat restrictions which
shall include a provision that in all instruments of
sale or conveyance given before all streets
improvements have been made, the grantee shall agree
to and approve such improvements.
(ord. amend. eff. Mar. 14, 1991)
17.023

Sec. 8124. VARIANCES.
Where the Council finds that extraordinary hardship
may result from strict compliance with these
regulations, it may vary the regulations so that
substantial justice may be done and the public
interest secured; provided that such variation will
not have the effacy of nullifying the interest and
purpose of the general. community plan, Zoning
Ordinance, or these regulations.
In granting
variances and modifications, the Council may require
such conditions as will, in its judgement, secure
substantially the objectives of the standards or
requirements so varied or modified. Any
modification thus granted shall be entered in the
minutes of the Council setting forth the reasons
which, in the opinion of the Council, justified the
modification.
(ord. amend. eff. Mar. 14, 1991)

17.024

Sec. 8125. PENALTIES.
Any person who shall violate any of the provisions
of this Ordinance, whether such person be the owner
or the agent of the owner of the property, shall be
fined not to exceed the sum of one hundred dollars
and the cost of the prosecution or by imprisonment

17.022 - 17.024

�for a term not to exceed ninety days or both such
fine and imprisonment at the discretion of the
court, and shall in addition thereto be subject to
all penalties as provided in Section 1104
(Sec. 12.028) of this Code.
(ord. amend. eff. Mar. 14, 1991)
17.025

Sec. 8126. CONFLICTING REGULATIONS REPEALED.
All regulations or parts of regulations in conflict
herewith are hereby repealed, except any regulation
that imposes more restrictive regulations than are
imposed herein.
(ord. amend. eff. Mar. 14, 1991)

17.025

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