899 24 26018 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/9f9f84bee0d98ba71083e39609330f92.jpg 9934c07a6fcf82f151a1ea947c29c7b9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1970s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000694 Title A name given to the resource Stage 3. Former Holy Trinity Greek Orthodox Church in Grand Rapids Description An account of the resource Grand Valley's Stage 3 theater. Former Temple Emanuel on Ransom Avenue in Grand Rapids was purchased in 1949 by Holy Trinity Greek Orthodox Church before purchased by Grand Valley ca. 1976. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Facilities Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/2b6ea2737f96f4ed62aa6e224831f463.jpg 518f59aec4feaaf88b1b6a1345d18c2a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mathias J. Alten Collection Subject The topic of the resource Grand Rapids (Mich.) Artists--Michigan Painters Photographs Description An account of the resource Digitized photographs, artworks, and diary transcript from the papers of West Michigan painter, Mathias J. Alten (1871-1938) represent one of the most important collections in the holdings of both the University Library's Special Collections and the University Art Gallery. Alten, a German native who came to Grand Rapids as a youth, is a celebrated American regionalist often referred to as the Dean of Michigan Painters. The photographs and papers document his family life and career and support the collection of Alten paintings owned by the University. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Alten, M. (Mathias), 1871-1938 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/456">Mathias J. Alten papers (RHC-28)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-28 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1893 - 1929 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/456">Mathias J. Alten papers, RHC-28</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-28_MAlten_00035 Title A name given to the resource Stained glass window designed by Mathias Alten for his home in Grand Rapids Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Alten, M. (Mathias), 1871-1938 Description An account of the resource Stained glass window designed by Mathias Alten for his home in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives Subject The topic of the resource Alten, M. (Mathias), 1871-1938 Grand Rapids (Mich.) Artists--Michigan Painters Photographs Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/9bb4768587e144b73d8addf10f895abb.jpg 4ff6f739e71c070f10a73424aa8fb73b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert H. Merrill photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909/1950 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-222 Description An account of the resource Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Merrill_LS00121 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource circa 1918-1921 Title A name given to the resource Stairway Temple of Heaven detail of stone carving Description An account of the resource Black and white lantern slide of a stone carving on the stairway of the Temple of Heaven in Beijing, China's Forbidden City. The carving depicts a sinous dragon flying above waves. Subject The topic of the resource Lantern slides China Forbidden City (Beijing, China) Temples Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/d1166d66b6f9cd60044f678da1399ac2.jpg 47f4d485c19180d471605191b1337ecc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert H. Merrill photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909/1950 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-222 Description An account of the resource Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Merrill_LS00120 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource circa 1918-1921 Title A name given to the resource Stairway Temple of Heaven to three tier temple Description An account of the resource Black and white lantern slide of the Temple of Heaven in Beijing, China's Forbidden City. The image is taken from the bottom of the stairway. Subject The topic of the resource Lantern slides China Forbidden City (Beijing, China) Temples Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4005563130342291656aaf1632d499f9.jpg 10a24a9fb10d004396bc444138f547f2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Naval Recognition Training Slides Subject The topic of the resource Slides Military education Airplanes, Military--Recognition Warships--Recognition World War, 1939-1945 Description An account of the resource Slides developed during World War II as a training tool, for top-side battle-station personnel on board ship and for all aircraft personnel, by the US Navy. In 1942 a Recognition School was established by the Navy at Ohio State University where the method of identification was developed. In 1943 the school was taken over by the US Navy. The importance of training in visual recognition of ships and aircraft became even more evident during World War II. Mistakes resulting in costly errors and loss of life led to an increased emphasis on recognition as a vital skill. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource United States. Navy Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides (RHC-50)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-04-04 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-50 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1943-1953 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="http://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides, RHC-50</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-50_1783 Title A name given to the resource Stalin class destroyer Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource United States. Navy Description An account of the resource Stalin class Russian DD (destroyer), October 1, 1947. Subject The topic of the resource United States. Navy Military education World War, 1939-1945 Slides Warships--Recognition Russia Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Naval recognition slides (RHC-50) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1947-10-01 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/6907d5e1ee226cf6f12b4def5b24d402.jpg e398588da23788292fa7b2b120bf9594 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context StamatakosLouis_Photo01 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Stamatakos, Louis Description An account of the resource Louis Stamatakos, Dean of Student Services Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College administrators Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b45dcebec9e102e515b9289449e88a3b.jpg b3ded54952b59c02d7ba2e2bdb6142f9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context StamatakosLouis_Photo02 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Stamatakos, Louis Description An account of the resource Louis Stamatakos, Dean of Student Services Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College administrators Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/977ad4486ab54822684c71d52e4c39eb.jpg 0e95e7ee9b84345fad0a98bf421ab05a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context StamatakosLouis_Photo03 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Stamatakos, Louis Description An account of the resource Louis Stamatakos, Dean of Student Services Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College administrators Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/ab5c6f64524ceb3c72c485143ff91c75.jpg 08883a8adaa745f7c50035dee5a8d95d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context StamatakosLouis_Photo04 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Stamatakos, Louis Description An account of the resource Louis Stamatakos, Dean of Student Services Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College administrators Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4ffee4fca04ee74800a2c5380272b49b.jpg 081d2623978f753bf84ae657f2a704e8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context StamatakosLouis_Photo05 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Stamatakos, Louis Description An account of the resource Louis Stamatakos, Dean of Student Services Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College administrators Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/55d30aa673e2e6f555681959012b2756.pdf 58c6a5551df801e2ceae5faf434a3238 PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans History Project Vietnam Era Christal Stanton (17:45) Background Information (00:30) • • • • • Born in Battle Creek, Michigan, on October 2nd 1954. (00:33) She was raised on a farm and had a little brother. (00:40) Christal was enrolled in community college before going to service. (00:55) She was interested in serving in the military because she wished to make the world a better place. (1:13) She enlisted in the Army. (1:40) Overview of Service (1:50) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • She enlisted in October of 1974. She was then sent to Alabama for 2 months of basic training. (1:53) Christal worked as a typist under a first Sergeant. (2:47) Additional training to work with mail was also given to Christal. She worked at Fort Jackson, South Carolina. (3:21) Basic training consisted of waking up at 4 AM and emphasis on following orders and discipline. (4:00) At AIT (Advanced Individual Training) the women were allowed weekend passes. (5:00) The men and the women on base were thoroughly separated. (5:45) She was assigned to Colorado Springs where she worked as a typist. She enjoyed working with officers more than the standard enlisted men. (6:41) Christal did not like the Vietnam War. (7:50) She failed to make and retain close friends in the service. (8:40) Pay phones and writing letters were the two primary forms of communication. Occasionally members of her family would visit Christal. (10:12) Te amount of communication with friends and family during basic was limited in order to sever the dependency members had on their family and friends. (11:27) Sightseeing and hiking was a common free time activity. (12:07) When the war ended there was not a lot of respect for the returning veterans. (12:56) Because she wasn’t in combat, she was received well by her family and friends. (13:28) Life after Service (15:00) • • • After her service Christal did receive her college degree. (15:04) It was evident that Christal was changed as result of her service. This made it difficult to assimilate back to her former life. (15:40) She highly valued seeing the world and the effects this had on her. (17:34) � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context StantonC1398V Title A name given to the resource Stanton, Christal Gayle (Interview outline), 2012 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Stanton, Christal Description An account of the resource Christal Stanton served in the U.S. Army from approximately 1974-1976 as a typist. She attended basic training in Alabama and served most of her time in the army as a typist on a base in Colorado. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cardwell, Bailey (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Veterans Video recordings United States. Army Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American Other veterans & civilians--Personal narratives, American Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2012-05-25 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/740f72b2afd595f42fd1af5231e5dc2a.m4v a9e7a4fa83e49229d4b0acc3101b8630 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/e8a1f1ac12b2aa8d47cd68365a043ad2.pdf 6fae09fa282a0f7195e56ac81fdded8b PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans History Project Interview Flate Staples Length: 33:43 (00:15) Background Information      Flate was born on September 4, 1924 in Mississippi and moved to Michigan in 1931 His mother worked as a seamstress and had found a better job in Michigan Flate went to school through the 11th grade when he began receiving notices from the military He did not want to be drafted, so he enlisted in the Marine Corps in May of 1943 Before enlisting Flate had been working at an automobile manufacturing plant (3:00) Boot Camp  The military was segregated and Flate first noticed when he was sent to Detroit  All the Caucasian men stayed in a hotel and the black men stayed in a boarding house  Flate had gone to an integrated school in Muskegon and was not used to the discrimination  They took a train to North Carolina where they began training  They spent time doing physical work, hand-to-hand combat, weapons training, bayonet training, and going on 30 mile hikes  Flate really did not like boot camp and really hated all of his drill sergeants (6:50) Overseas  Flate left North Carolina and went to New Orleans on a Pullman train  He had only been in North Carolina for 6 weeks and in New Orleans shortly before receiving word that they would be going to the South Pacific  They left for New York and boarded and LST for a 39 day trip through the Panama Canal and to the South Pacific  They stopped in Panama for 6 days and were traveling in a convoy with Navy destroyer ships  For the trip they had nice weather through the Pacific and peaceful sailing  They also stopped in Cuba for some unknown reason, but the men were not allowed to get off of the ship (11:40) New Caledonia  Flate spent about 1 year in New Caledonia; the French had previously sent all their criminals to the island  They did not have much contact with the civilian population �  Flate got up every day at about 4 in the morning, had breakfast, and then worked on supplying the front lines He worked with the 9th Marines Platoon and got along well with most of the men there (14:10) Guadalcanal  After about a year working in New Caledonia Flate was sent to Guadalcanal  Many men were getting sick with malaria, different diseases, and having psychological problems  They had to take a lot of preventative medicine before going near the line to prevent diseases  Flate had never seen anything like the Kamikaze attacks before in his life  They were coming in from all over the place and it was hard for the Americans to even get ashore when they first arrived [more likely at Okinawa than Guadalcanal]  Flate continued working on the supplies for the front line  They never heard much news about the actual happenings on the battlefield (18:25) Okinawa  Flate was transferred to Okinawa after the bombs were dropped and the Japanese had surrendered  He worked with the Army of Occupation for 3 months and then received notice that he would be going home  It was a very beautiful island and they had some time off for swimming, recreation, baseball, and USO shows  Flate was sent back to the US on an aircraft carrier and the trip was much quicker than the original (21:30) End of Service  Overall Flate had a good experience in the Marines, but was very glad to be back in the US  He continued to face discrimination when he returned, but it was not so bad as in the deep south  Flate believes that every young man should join the service to learn respect and discipline  He had made it up to Corporal and had 20 men working under him; he reported to a sergeant  Flate got along well with the majority of the men in the service (25:50) Pacific Islands  Flate did not really face any discrimination while over in the Pacific  The Americans were not allowed to talk to or get close to the civilians �  There were not many instances of men sneaking off from camp at night because there was nothing to do and nowhere to go They were mostly remote islands without any towns to visit � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context StaplesF Title A name given to the resource Staples, Flate (Interview outline and video), 2008 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Staples, Flate Description An account of the resource Flate Staples was born on September 4, 1924 in Mississippi and moved to Michigan in 1931 because his mother had found a better job there. He enlisted in the Marine Corps in May of 1943 when he was 18 years old and went through boot camp in North Carolina. Flate trained for only 6 weeks before he was shipped to New Caledonia on an LST. He worked on supplying the front lines in New Caledonia for about a year and was then sent to Guadalcanal to do the same. At the end of the war he was sent to Okinawa and worked with the Army of Occupation for about 3 months before he was sent back to the Unites States. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Veterans Video recordings World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American United States. Marine Corps Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2008-11-18 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/3bf4ee6e95bf73702125b9ed2f69f3ed.jpg 83c3622f83855acba7b34f96692fd2f4 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/2fec339d624fbd96eb53e4aa2feffb8e.jpg ea5b8bb0fd1fb086ce446b5123928d77 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Civil War and Slavery Collection Subject The topic of the resource United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865 Slavery--United States African Americans United States--Politics and government--19th century Description An account of the resource A selection of correspondence, diaries, official documents, photographs related to the American Civil War and to the institution of slavery, collected by Harvey E. Lemmen. The collection includes a selection of documents from ten states related to the ownership of slaves and abolition, correspondence and documents of soldiers who fought in the war and from family members and officials, diaries and letters of individuals, and a collection of mailing envelopes decorated with patriotic imagery. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lemmen, Harvey E. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/472">Civil War and Slavery Collection (RHC-45)<br /></a><a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/470">John Bennitt Diaries and Correspondence (RHC-43)<br /></a><a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/471">Nathan Sargent Papers (RHC-44)<br /></a><a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/478">Theodore Peticolas Diary (RHC-51)<br /></a><a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/476">Civil War Patriotic Envelopes Collection (RHC-51)<br /></a><a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/479">Whitely Read Diary (RHC-52)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1804-1897 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg; application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Image; Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1804-1897 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Star pattern with shield Description An account of the resource Design shows star pattern with shield. Design in red and blue on white envelope. Envelope is addressed Miss D.W. Johnson, stamped and cancelled. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-49_PE152 Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Subject The topic of the resource United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865 Postal service--United States--History Covers (Philatety)--United States--History Patriotic envelopes Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/476">Civil War patriotic envelopes, (RHC-49)</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b3f13d7e6cac157136d62321814d3068.mp3 3f4598e1ab48b1467c5f914e791e25bd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard A. Rhem Collection Description An account of the resource Text and sound recordings of the sermons, prayers, services, and articles of Richard Rhem, pastor emeritus of Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, Michigan, where he served for 37 years. Starting in the mid 1980's, Rhem began to question some of the traditional Christian dogma that he had been espousing from the pulpit. That questioning was a first step in a long and interesting spiritual journey, one that he openly shared with his congregation. His journey is important, in part because it is reflective of the questioning, the yearnings, and the gradual revision of beliefs that many persons in this part of the century have experienced and continue to experience. It is important also because of the affirming and inclusive way his questioning was done and his thinking evolved. His sermons and other written and spoken materials together document the steps in his journey as it took a turn in 1985, yet continued to revolve around the framework and liturgies of the Christian calendar. Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Religion Interfaith worship Sermons Sound Recordings Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rhem, Richard A. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/514">Richard A. Rhem papers (KII-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kaufman Interfaith Institute Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-2014 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 text/pdf Sound A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Event Epiphany I Series Look Again, Epiphany Series Scripture Text Gen. 1:3, Ephesians 3:9, Matthew 2:2 Location The location of the interview Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01_RA-0-19960107 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1996-01-07 Title A name given to the resource Star Trek Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richard A. Rhem Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Sermons Relation A related resource Richard A. Rhem - An Archive of Sermons, Prayers, Talks and Stories: http://richardrhem.org/ Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 Description An account of the resource A sermon given by Richard A. Rhem (Dick) on January 7, 1996 entitled "Star Trek", as part of the series "Look Again, Epiphany Series", on the occasion of Epiphany I, at Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI. Scripture references: Gen. 1:3, Ephesians 3:9, Matthew 2:2. https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/5e993c43c71c52c1f3f7dc06846d5aac.mp4 9359e18425cdd64ec46492111f8787df https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/8573335095b62a35865987b46551b0a8.pdf 091927f32eb1317b0abde17d28d2a8ac PDF Text Text 1 Grand Valley State University Veterans History Project Oral History Interview Veteran: Chuck Stark Interviewed by James Smither Transcribed by Grace Balog Interviewer: We are talking today with Chuck Stark of North Muskegon, Michigan, and the interviewer is James Smither of the Grand Valley State University Veterans History Project. Alright, start us off with the easy stuff. Where and when were you born? Veteran: I was born in 1948 in Muskegon, Michigan. Interviewer: Okay. And did you grow up there? Veteran: I did. Interviewer: Okay. And what was your family doing for a living then? Veteran: My father was a machinist at Continental Motors and mom was the housewife. Interviewer: Okay. Veteran: As happened during that time period. Interviewer: Alright. Now, as you—you were born in ’48 and so you are still in high school when Vietnam starts to ramp up— Veteran: Yes. Interviewer: --in ’65. Did you pay much attention to that before you went in the service? �2 Veteran: I did. I did. I have always been very active in governmental affairs and just very interested in that whole field. Interviewer: Alright. Now, did you graduate from high school? Veteran: I did. 1966 from Muskegon High School—Muskegon Senior High. Interviewer: Okay. And what did you do after you got out of school? Veteran: I did a number of things. I had—I have always enjoyed learning things, so I was a Brunswick pin setter mechanic, I did bartending, I did—worked at Continental Motors, the same place that made military equipment. So, a number of things. Interviewer: Alright. Did you consider going to college at that point? Veteran: I had. It was going to be expensive, and it would have taken me a couple years to get some cash together, but yes, I had planned on—I had no idea what I was going to do. But yes. Interviewer: Okay. Now, in the meantime, did you figure that sooner or later you were going to get drafted? (00:02:23) Veteran: There was that possibility. I knew that I had some choices. I decided to stay and if it happened, it happened. Interviewer: Alright. So, when did you wind up entering the service? Veteran: I went in…I believe it was in April of ’68. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. Now, once you go in—now, where do they send you for basic training? �3 Veteran: I was in basic training at Fort Knox. And then AIT, which is Advanced Individual Training. Interviewer: Alright. Okay. Well, I want to talk a little bit about some of that. I guess, before you go to basic training, one of the things you get is a draft physical. Do you remember taking a physical when you went in, or ahead of time? Veteran: I do, somewhat. Interviewer: Okay. And do you remember, did it seem to be something that was very serious or pretty cursory or…? Veteran: I thought it was pretty cursory. And they didn’t even discover some of the things that I have. Interviewer: Okay. Veteran: Pretty obvious things. Interviewer: Alright. So, if you had a, you know, a more alert doctor at home, you might have gotten deferred for some reason or other? Veteran: There would have been a possibility of that. Interviewer: Okay. Now, when you were doing the physical, did you notice anybody trying to game the system or find ways to…? Veteran: There was all kinds of talk when I went down and for that physical. And people were, even on the bus ride, were talking about gaming the system. Interviewer: Do you remember any ideas they had about how they could do that? �4 Veteran: Not right off hand. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. So, you do that but then you go down to Fort Knox, Kentucky for your basic training. Veteran: Yes. Interviewer: What kind of reception do you get when you arrive there? Veteran: I was not used to the…that type of screaming and yelling and hollering and basically bullying. I understand why they maybe thought they had to do it, but… Interviewer: So, it was a shock when you got there? Veteran: Very much so. It was definitely a cultural shock. (00:04:29) Interviewer: Okay. Were you in good physical shape when you went down there? Veteran: I was probably in fairly decent shape. I used to hike and canoe and that type of thing so… Interviewer: Okay. And then, how easy or hard was it for you to kind of adjust to life in bootcamp? Or did you not really? Veteran: I just—I…Yeah, I don’t know that I ever really adjusted to it because…Yeah, I don’t know that I ever adjusted to it. Interviewer: But you did get through it. Veteran: I never treated people that way when I was in the service. So…You know, I always tried to do it with respect. Obviously, there has to be some authority. And I guess I did that quite well, but I never treated people with disrespect. �5 Interviewer: Right. Okay. But did you kind of just go with the flow and do what they told you? Veteran: Yes, I did. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. And how long was the basic training? Veteran: I believe it was 8 weeks. Interviewer: Okay. And then, was that—do you remember anything about the people who were your instructors? Had some of them been to Vietnam by then? Or do you not know? Veteran: I guess I didn’t know at the time. Interviewer: Okay. Now, your—did you notice any of them being not much older than you were? Like some of the junior instructors? Veteran: No, they were pretty much…I mean, I am a teenager still at the time and so none of them were at that point in time. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. So, you go on now. Where do you go for advanced training then? Veteran: I stayed at Fort Knox. Interviewer: Okay. Veteran: And advanced training was for recon. And for anybody that doesn’t know what recon is, it’s look without being seen, hear without being heard, and run without being caught. So, it’s out there scouting. (00:06:27) Interviewer: Okay. �6 Veteran: So… Interviewer Because Fort Knox is primarily an armor school. Veteran: Yes. Interviewer: Okay. And so…but you weren’t using—you weren’t riding around in tanks or things like that at that point? Veteran: At that point, no. Interviewer: Alright. And the people who were training you to do the recon, were these people who had field experience? Or did you—they not tell you? Veteran: There was no discussion about that. Interviewer: Does any of it seem to have been geared toward Vietnam? Veteran: I am sure it all was. I am sure it all was. I can’t see—in going back, I don’t know about World War 2, but I know about the stuff in recon, and it is applicable in all wars. Interviewer: Okay. Alright, so it’s kind of a core skillset or whatever that you learn that’s helpful. Veteran: Absolutely. Interviewer: Okay. Now, is that another 8 weeks? Veteran: I believe it was. Interviewer: Okay. And then where do you go next? �7 Veteran: Well, I went from there. I was selected to go to the Non-Commissioned Officers’ Academy. And— Interviewer: And where do they do that? Veteran: That was at Fort Knox also. Interviewer: Okay. Veteran: And at this point in time, there was more—it was geared more to armored and did a lot with armored vehicles and stuff at that point in time. And I…seems to me—I don’t know for sure—it could have been 12 weeks. There’s some spots in there that are a little blank. Interviewer: Yeah. But that is about right for an NCO academy so that would be consistent with what the infantry people did— Veteran: I think so. Interviewer: --at Fort Benning. Okay. So, what—were you basically—were you working with tanks or armored personnel carriers or both? (00:08:23) Veteran: Both of them. We were working with the Sheridan Tank, also. And they did that also in the AIT, worked with the Sheridan Tank. That was a particular one that had both conventional rounds, and the case actually was burnt up during the firing, so they didn’t have to worry about the case—the metallic cases and how to get rid of them. And it also fired Shillelagh Missiles. So, we—right out of the same tube. Interviewer: Now, did it have an anti-personnel round? I mean, like a beehive round or something like that? Veteran: Yes, they had all types of rounds. �8 Interviewer: Okay. Alright. And the Sheridan was—it had like an aluminum hull or something? It’s a lightweight tank? Or that—you didn’t really use that. Did you not use those yourself in Vietnam? Veteran: No, did not use those ourselves. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. Veteran: But they were a composite material, so…In fact, those vehicles, if there was any damage to the vehicle, it had to be re-painted immediately with some special paints so they would know if anybody was playing with the—scraping some scrapings and…So…. They had to be taken care of immediately, any damage. Interviewer: Yeah. Veteran: Within hours. Interviewer: Doesn’t sound like a great thing to have in a war in the tropics but okay. Alright. But then you also worked with armored personnel carriers… Veteran: Right. [M]113 primarily. And then I did training, instructing for the 114 and the 113. Interviewer: Okay. The 114s are the command version or…? (00:10:17) Veteran: It’s the lower version, the super low profile one. Interviewer: Okay. Veteran: Both vehicles were supposed to be amphibious. Didn’t work real well so it was a court martial offense to try that stuff. They had a board that came out in the front and that was �9 supposed to be the splashboard to keep the water from coming up and over the top and inside. But didn’t work real well. Interviewer: Alright. Now, you are doing that. Now, you’re getting kind of down toward the end of 1968 at this point. Veteran: Right. Interviewer: By the time that you finish all of that, do you get a leave to go home for the holidays and then off to Vietnam? Or what do they do with you? Veteran: Yeah. There was a leave to go home. And then sent over. Interviewer: Okay. Now, what was it like to go home at that point? You have been training, you are gearing up for Vietnam. And you’ve been paying some attention—I mean, the war has been going on, it’s been pretty ugly and so forth. So, what was that like for you to be back home and knowing you were heading to Vietnam next? Veteran: I can actually remember knowing that I had to project confidence for the family members back home. Interviewer: Now, had your father been in World War 2 or are you the wrong generation for that? Veteran: No. No, he was not. He was actually at this factory that was doing the tank engines. Interviewer: Right. Veteran: And he was a key person there. So, he was not drafted. �10 Interviewer: Okay. So, how did your parents feel about your being in the service and going to Vietnam? (00:12:11) Veteran: Completely freaked. You know, both parents very, very gentle; very, verv loving souls. But just would be designed, you know…Anybody would have to describe them, it would be very gentle and a really beautiful human being. Humanity. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. So now, what’s the process to get you to Vietnam? Your leave is up, now what do you do? Veteran: Went to California. Was there for a short period of time and then hopped on a big plane and flew to Alaska. We overnighted in Alaska and flew the next day. It is interesting because I just was looking for some things and I found a card that I wrote to my mom and dad during that flight. And there’s my appreciation for them, so incredibly deep, because they raised me right. And so, I found it yesterday. Interviewer: Wow. Alright. And now, did you go land some place else before you got to Vietnam? Did you go to Japan or…? Veteran: No, just straight—no, directly to Vietnam. Interviewer: Okay. Do you remember where you landed in Vietnam? Was it near Saigon? Veteran: Tan Son Nhut. Yeah. Interviewer: Okay. Tan Son Nhut Airport, Saigon. Okay. And at this point, did you know what unit you were joining? Veteran: No idea. Interviewer: Okay. �11 Veteran: They put you in a group and they just start—it’s like indoctrination into the country to get you used to some, you know, temperatures and just a whole bunch of stuff. And then it was just a few days later, it was probably 5 or 6 days later, and then they said, “Poof! You are going to D Troop, 17th Cav. You are going to be assistant platoon sergeant. And oh, by the way, there is some—” Interviewer: Well, before we get there, I just wanted to fill in a couple other details. (00:14:46) Veteran: Oh, okay. Interviewer: Because this was a good piece of the story that we have coming. Veteran: Sure. Interviewer: Okay. What was your first impression of Vietnam when you landed? Veteran: Extremely hot. Extremely dusty. It was not the monsoon season yet. And it was extremely dusty. And a lot of activity. A lot of high fractured energy. It was just on the edge. Interviewer: Okay. Now, you land at Tan Son Nhut. Now, did they move you to one of the other bases in the area for your orientation? Veteran: No. Well— Interviewer: Or do you think you just stayed right— Veteran: Well, no, it was the…Yes, it had to have been. I don’t remember. Interviewer: Because there’s large bases at Long Binh and Bien Hoa. And— Veteran: I had been to both of them. �12 Interviewer: Okay. And then there are also some divisional bases that weren’t too far away. Veteran: I was at Long Binh... Interviewer: Okay. Veteran: …and Bien Hoa, both. Interviewer: Alright. Now, and then I guess as you are kind of—do you remember anything about kind of going back and forth between them? Or what the place looked like, generally? Veteran: No, it is just a lot of sandbags, a lot of bunkers. When you see those perimeters and you see the barbed wire, and you see nothing outside the barbed wire. There is not a blade of grass growing and it’s quite a large depth to the perimeters. You see a lot of people running around. You see a lot of activities in and out. (00:16:38) Interviewer: Okay, so it’s still kind of a blur in some ways. A lot of that going on. Veteran: Oh yes. Interviewer: Alright. So, you get—you’re assigned, okay, D Troop, 17th Cavalry. And what kind of unit was that? Veteran: That was an A cav vehicle—armored cav vehicle. So, unusual. There’s a lot of…lot of times, the recon is with a grunt outfit. This particular one was our vehicle of choice, was an armored cav vehicle, was a 113 vehicle. And crew of 5. And I was in the cupola. I was the commander of the vehicle. And crew of 5. �13 Interviewer: Okay. You said—now, they gave you an assignment and then they gave you some specific instructions. Veteran: Yeah. Specific instructions were there is some behavior that needs to be modified. These guys are outside the box, and they parade body parts around on the vehicles and parade body parts out the firebases that they go to. And if there is fire fights, they decorate the facilities or the vehicles with body parts. I found it horrifying. I still do. Interviewer: So, what did you do when you joined the unit? (00:18:15) Veteran: Well, I said—you know, I went there. I said, “Guys, I am it and I have been assigned to this particular unit with specific instructions. Don’t kill the messenger. This behavior is going to stop. And this is what I have been assigned to so don’t kill the messenger.” Interviewer: Okay. Now, when you joined the unit, do you report to a company area on a base first and then get assigned by somebody? Or how did that work? Veteran: It was for a short period of time. And I met the platoon leader. And like I said, it was a very small unit. And… Interviewer: About how many men in the platoon? Veteran: There was 39 guys in this unit. Interviewer: Okay. Veteran: And… Interviewer: And how many vehicles did they have normally? �14 Veteran: We had about 6. There were probably 8 vehicles there, but we had 6 that were probably running so that would be, you know, 30 guys. Interviewer: Yeah. So, 5 to a vehicle. Veteran: Yeah, 30 guys. You know, and there’s some other people, support and platoon leader, got the motor pool. Interviewer: Got mechanics or whatever. Veteran: Yeah, whatever. You know that type of thing. But we had generally about 6 vehicles. Interviewer: Alright. Now, what area were you operating in? Veteran: Well, we were assigned to—the D Troop, 17th Cav—was assigned to the 199th light separate brigade, which their mission was reactionary force. Where stuff was happening, got dumped in. Interviewer: Okay. (00:20:12) Veteran: And we were assigned to them. Interviewer: Alright. And what—were they operating in the III Corps area around Saigon or were they…? Veteran: Around Saigon, III, just wherever it happened. Wherever it happened. I did get to see, going through Saigon—so, traveling in and out back to the—back to our base back there. So, I got to go through Saigon on a number of occasions, which was really interesting. It’s like steroid or New York on—New York or Chicago—on steroids. And they would have all these little motorbikes running through. And they would have—the most we ever saw were 5 human beings clinging on a moped, going through traffic, in and out of traffic. It was just insane. And the �15 vendors, the food vendors, sometimes they had newspaper underneath their food. Other times it was just laid on the blacktop. And the stench of going through there with this food and…It was completely intense. The one thing I tried to do—I like to make light at times—there was a Shell gas station, and I had a Shell credit card. I tried to make a purchase so that I could have the receipt, but they declined it, for me to make the purchase. But that was one of the fun things in there. Interviewer: Because normally, the military personnel wouldn’t go into Saigon proper. But you would have orders at certain points to drive through it? Veteran: We had to go through, yeah. Interviewer: Okay. Veteran: So, we were just going through. Interviewer: Alright. Now, did your—did the 199th have a base camp in a particular place? I mean, were they at Long Binh or one of the bases? Veteran: Yes. Interviewer: Okay. Veteran: Yes. Correct. (00:22:14) Interviewer: Okay. Veteran: And it was there and then we would go out and we would go out to these firebases. The firebases loved to have us come in. They would have a horseshoe shaped impound for us to fit in and that was made out of multiple layers of sandbag. And we’d come right up to the top level of the deck so that the guns were just above it. The reason they loved to have us come out and they �16 would cater to us is the fire support. You know, the M-50 and the two M-60s and grenade launcher. And they loved that. Interviewer: Okay. And so, if they had that extra fire power, were they less likely to get hit if…at least not— Veteran: Yeah. I was, you know…But again, the reason that the sandbags were there is because we were bullet magnets, and RPGs. Interviewer: Yeah. Because an RPG could go right through an M-113. Veteran: Yeah. Interviewer: Yeah. Veteran: Had one one time at a firebase. And a small skirmish started and the—it was probably…I am in the queue below and ducked down but it was probably about 5 feet over the top of my head. The thing—and in situations like that, there is so much energy. There is—I mean, when that stuff starts happening, that sense of humor pops out of the dumbest things. And I just remember, you know, just screaming to the guys. I said, “You see that one? It said made in Japan stamped on it!” You know? And everybody completely cracks up, which you are still in a firefight. And it’s just…that kind of thing, I mean, that’s what that stress…that’s the only way it can come out, at just dumb things. (00:24:15) Interviewer: Now, when you went out to firebases, you’ve got armored personnel carriers. So, you are driving to these, right? Veteran: Yes. Interviewer: Yeah, you are not going around in helicopters. �17 Veteran: No. Interviewer: Or anything else like that. Okay. How common was it for the roads to have mines or IEDs or things like that in them? Veteran: We were on the main highways. Much of the time, except when we would get out to these outlying areas, and they were there. You know, we had the one vehicle that got hit, you know. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. And then typically, what—if you are given—would you have patrols or actions that would just last a day or so? Or would you be out in the field with a group for an extended period of time? Veteran: We could be out in the field an extended period of time. We would be a day activity. Sometimes it was night ambushes, sometimes it was day setups. And when we are out there then, we were doing recon out of those places, so we weren’t just parked. We weren’t just parked someplace. We are out, we are doing recon. Interviewer: Okay. Now when you are doing the recon, are you doing that on foot the way you were trained to do it or are you going recon with the vehicles? Veteran: You’d go out to someplace and maybe it gets parked and maybe there is 4 vehicles and maybe 1 vehicle dismounts. Maybe 2 vehicles dismount. The other is there, and they are close enough that they can get to you within a few minutes to give you support. So, it just…whatever was presented to us. Interviewer: Alright. So, if you are out there and you are actually sort of doing recon, then how does that work? Physically, what are you doing? (00:26:03) �18 Veteran: You are out there to see what type of activity. You are out there…you are out there, and the recon may be, again, maybe it’s an ambush. Maybe you have got ambush set up. Day or night. And activities on trails. We are going out to see what type of…We had—you know, we have been out trying to get through triple canopy. Triple canopy is just unbelievable. It’s impenetrable, basically. So, they would send us out to see if we can bust through in certain spots and... But you are looking for activities. You are looking for…and you are looking for fortifications, you are looking for tunnels, you are looking for any type of activity. Interviewer: Okay. Were you operating in areas that had a lot of tunnels under them? Or did certain sectors? Veteran: Yeah, you don’t know. Because until you found them. But yes, there was, and we found a number of them. And yeah. Interviewer: And when you find them, were they usually unoccupied? Or…? Veteran: Unknown. But you just start, and you stay there. You maybe mark it and maybe they bring out some troops and maybe they start bringing tunnel rats in. Maybe they just say, “Have fun.” You know? So, you are using C-4 and just devastating sections of them. Interviewer: Okay. So, your unit didn’t have tunnel rats with them. You didn’t have guys who went in? Veteran: The 199th did but ours didn’t. Interviewer: Right. Okay. So, your job was just to go out and find what was out there? Veteran: Absolutely. Interviewer: And then it becomes somebody else’s problem. �19 Veteran: And yeah, sometimes we dealt with it and sometimes we didn’t. Interviewer: Okay. And how common was it to actually get into a fire fight or run into the enemy when you are out on one of these patrols? (00:28:16) Veteran: It’s…It depends on the area, depends on what we were doing. If we’re running roads, there would be a little bit of skirmish periodically. You just never knew. It wasn’t 100% of the time, but you didn’t know. I mean… Interviewer: Okay. Now, were you operating in areas that had a civilian population in them? Veteran: Absolutely. Interviewer: Alright. And what kind of impression did you have of the Vietnamese civilians? Veteran: I always—you know, and I did not have any problems with them. But I knew that when you get into villages, that there is sometimes sleepers that are in these villages. I always tried to treat with respect. And it was very hard for me to watch when some of the infantry guys would go out and interrogate and how these people were treated. It was very difficult for me to watch. I kept quiet. We would discuss things afterwards. But it was heart wrenching for me. Interviewer: Now, would the infantry— Veteran: Inner pain. Interviewer: Yeah. And would these guys have Vietnamese interpreters with them or— Veteran: Yes. Absolutely. �20 Interviewer: Alright. Now, they were—when things were kind of quieter or calmer and so forth, would the civilians be trying to sell things to you or that kind…? Veteran: Yeah, a lot of times the places that we were at, we were parked right next to—some of these civilians would even be inside a firebase. So, I spoke very, very, very little Vietnamese. I still remember some of it. And but I spoke very little of it. It was difficult. I knew the ones that spoke English. And we would have communications, we would have discussions. (00:30:36) Interviewer: Okay. Because there were reports that certainly—particularly in the armored cavalry units like this and so forth, you are driving along, people would come up and they try to sell you things or you would encounter prostitutes or things like that. Veteran: One of the things that surprised me was a young man came up, probably 10 or 11, something like that. And just, you know, he had a pillowcase and he said, “GI want to buy? GI want to buy pot?” You know? And I was like, “No thank you.” But it was—I used this young man later because I really, really like coconut. And they eat their coconut completely different. It’s green and they cut it open and it’s still—it’s like liquified jello inside. It’s not coconut that I am used to. Interviewer: Right. Veteran: And I—that…My tastes, my textures? That just didn’t fit at all. I said, “Number 10. Number 10.” They rate everything; number 1 or number 10. He said, “Number 10, number 10.” So, I said, “Go get me some…” You know? And we tried this multiple, multiple times. One day when I was out, I actually found a piece of the brown coconut shell with the hair still attached to it. I stuck it in my pocket, and I get back. Next time he is there, I said, “Go buy me coconut. Number 1.” He goes, “Number 10. Number—” I said, “No, number 1. Number 1.” He said, �21 “Number 10.” I said, “Go get me some number 10 coconut.” And he came back with a pillowcase of coconut. So, at that point in time it was great. But they did sell things. They also enjoyed—we would toss them stuff. But the tropical bars? They hated them. And many times, they would throw them back at the vehicle when we were driving. Interviewer: Can you explain what a tropical bar was? (00:32:41) Veteran: A tropical bar was a treat, but it was just this horrid conglomeration that was just…And it was the tropical bar because you could have it in 120-degree temperature and it wouldn’t melt. Interviewer: Okay. Was it some kind of chocolate? Veteran: Yeah, there was—I think so. But it was just horrid. I mean, I don’t know anybody that ever enjoyed a tropical bar. Interviewer: Alright. Now, would you carry stuff along in your vehicle, sort of food of your own choice, or just a lot of C-rations? Or…? Veteran: C-rations. And my coconut. Interviewer: Yeah. Veteran: And one day we had one where we were out—actually, cutting trail—and there was a banana tree. And we were in a fairly secure situation, had other vehicles, and I just said, “You know, hold up. We are going to…” So, I went over. We pulled up underneath this thing and there was a large bunch of bananas that was probably I am guessing about four and a half to five feet tall. Just this huge, gorgeous bunch of bananas. Pulled up underneath and I grabbed the machete, and I am whacking away at this thing and it just fell. It dropped on the deck. I was still supporting it, trying not to smash anything. The whole thing was loaded with a fire ant nest. �22 Interviewer: Oh… Veteran: So, the guys weren’t real happy with me. Everybody is swatting and I was just completely stung up and it was like, “No. No more bananas.” Interviewer: Alright. Okay, so you mentioned being at the camp sometimes and they might get attacked. Would the attacks be mortar attacks or— (00:34:33) Veteran: Mortar attacks. Start with mortar attacks, yeah. Mostly mortar attacks. Just with that kind of firepower that we had sitting here, they were not about to start coming in through that empty… Interviewer: Yeah. Or they might take a few RPG shots and then go away? Veteran: Absolutely. Interviewer: Yeah. Veteran: You know, it was difficult because in the one situation, the fire—I think it was Firebase Sue that we were at—there was some hooches with families living in them right outside. And it was right in my fire lane, you know, so I had to be very, very, very careful. But you never knew. And everybody is just like just don’t worry about it, just mow it down, but you never knew if they were informants or part of it or anything like that. So, nobody was coming over the wire, so I didn’t have to worry about it. But you always felt like—and in one situation, I just remember hearing people crying. Just sobbing intensely. You know, across this little bit of open area. You know, just because they were so terrified because it was not in a fire lane so…You know, it wasn’t that anybody was hit but just the terrified people. So… Interviewer: Alright. �23 Veteran: That stuff was so hard to deal with. Just…You know… Interviewer: Now, did you have any kind of orders or instructions about how you were supposed to treat or deal with the civilians, or did you just make stuff up? (00:36:24) Veteran: There were…There were situations. There was one…we had been out, and we had been running some trails and stuff, some roads, and I spotted some area that had fortification in it. It was basically a small bunker, and it was right on the edge of a waterway. And we had sampans going up and down in that all the time. And when we were approaching it that one day, a sampan took off. And it just like started scooting. We couldn’t even begin to catch up to it because we were in some real thick stuff. So, I just made a report. And the next day, they said, “Okay, go out there and check it out. If it’s fortification, it’s yours. Go play.” And so, when out and going out there. But on the way back that day, we ended up with a blown head gasket on our vehicle. So, I just said, “Okay, we are deadlined.” Told the guys, I said, “Put in an extra couple 5 gallons of water in just in case we have to move it,” because it was leaking. And I said—and I selected another vehicle and another crew— “You guys go out there.” Gave them the locations. And they went out. They were out there probably about three and a half, four clicks out. Something like that. And all of a sudden, you just got his—you know? They got hit in an ambush and just as you are approaching that area, it was through a small village. There’s probably 5 or 6 huts just along the edge of the road. And they got hit. So, I just said, “Light it up. Head gasket or not.” We went out there and I got out there right away. (00:38:34) Veteran: And I called in, I secured the area. And then I called in medevac. We had a couple guys that were injured. None of our guys but they always would send out 8, 9, 10, whatever they could load on top of the 8 cav, infantry guys to go out. So, they are out there. We have got it secured. Medevac is coming in, and the platoon leader came out. And he just said, “We are going to teach �24 these pricks a lesson.” He said, “Shoot anything that moves. I don’t care what it is. Anything that moves, shoot it.” And I am like wow. I am not used to this. Never happened in my family back home. Never happened in my circle. So, lo and behold, probably 15 minutes later, Papasan, who I thought was really old, me being a teenager at the time. He was probably in his late 30s, maybe even 40s, but I am thinking he’s ancient. Came out and walked over to the well—just a few short feet over to the well—and grabbed the bucket sitting there and poured some into a pot that he had and went back in the hooch. I didn’t fire. At this point in time, I was up for court-martial. And I just remembered the thing that came out of me at the time was do whatever you need to do, because I can live with myself. And so, fortunately, this had happened just shortly before my exiting the country. Interviewer: Okay. (00:40:42) Veteran: So, things never progressed to that point. And said, “I don’t care.” Interviewer: Now in general, was this the same platoon leader that you had started with? Or had he— Veteran: Yeah. Interviewer: Okay. Veteran: Same one. Interviewer: And did you—what kind of impression did you have of him, generally? Veteran: Lieutenant Kim…nobody ever gave him any grief because Lieutenant Kim was actually a sumo wrestler. Interviewer: Okay… �25 Veteran: Okay. I mean, his neck came right straight. He physically was a sumo wrestler and did that. And so, nobody ever gave him any grief. Nobody ever gave him any back talk. So, yeah, it was like oh, this ought to go over well. But the situation was is that it did resolve itself but—and it never really came back up again until on—just a few years ago. And I am talking time frame. I can’t tell you… Interviewer: Yeah. Veteran…Three years, maybe? I was at Battle Creek at the VA. And they were evaluating to see where I was at. And this was the psychiatrist, who was actually an officer. And asked me, he said “I know that you apparently didn’t have a lot of good things to say about your time in the Army.” And I said, “I did not.” He said, “Wasn’t there one single incident that maybe brought you a little bit of happiness?” And it didn’t take me more than a couple seconds to say, “You know, actually there was.” And I reiterated that story to him. (00:42:35) Veteran: And then he said, “Well, I understand that you think that you did something really good. In your heart, you believe that you did something that was great.” I said, “Actually, yes. I will agree with that 100%.” He said, “I have to tell you I disagree.” He said, “You taught your guys that they could disobey a direct order. You taught them that.” And I said, “I didn’t think it was illegal.” He said, “You taught them that.” And I had a large discussion with him. And I reiterated some of the things. And I said that “I even watched when Lieutenant Calley—the My Lai Incident—I actually stayed home and watched that when it was on CNN. We know what happened to him. I know I did something right.” And he said, “No.” He said, “I will give you this,” he said, “it was an unjust war but,” he said, “you know the reason it was an unjust war?” He said, “Because not enough people prayed about it. If more people in the United States had �26 prayed about it, then they would have gotten God’s attention and He would have heard them and then He would have made it a just war.” He said, “I will give you that.” Interviewer: The VA knows how to pick them. (00:44:10) Veteran: I am just like…my mind is completely destroyed. It just was…I…My thought process…He said a couple other things during that interview. He said one thing that—and he didn’t mean it the way it came out. I am not a violent person. I was on my feet. He was about twice the distance from me to you. He was around the other—a quarter of the way around the other side of the desk. And I was on my feet and it just like, at that point in time, my brain was gone. But—and I didn’t—I stopped because he just said, “What I meant was—” and I stopped, and I apologized. But it just—that was so much beyond my experience in this world. My experience that each and every breath is such a gift. I don’t get to—I don’t know if there is even one more. They may come in pairs, they may not. I don’t know, I have lost track. But that those breaths are so completely important and that I get to experience the Creator while those are happening, that was so completely above and beyond, I can’t even crack what his experience was. Interviewer: Yeah…And really doesn’t sound like he is following his own job description very well. I can’t think that he is. Veteran: I never knew, because I have asked a couple people, you know, are they supposed to tell me I am—did something wrong? I don’t know. Or are they just supposed to ask me questions? I don’t know. �27 Interviewer: They are just supposed to get information and evaluate you. Yeah. That’s pretty bizarre. But yeah, in the meantime, now you have refused to commit a war crime. And by and large, that’s really—soldiers do have that option. (00:46:18) Veteran: I thought so. And I still do. Interviewer: Okay. Now, before we get to sort of the big incident that sort of ends your stay in Vietnam, are there other memories or impressions that you’ve got from your time there that you haven’t brought into the story yet? Veteran: The country was very beautiful. I loved it. You know, I saw the people. I was very reluctant to engage with people, I think, until they engaged with me. I would throw a little dog bone out and if they came back with something, you know, and a couple times? Then I would engage with them. But I didn’t really know because somethings that had happened, somethings that maybe they had experienced with other soldiers, I didn’t want to try and force it. But so, I always wanted to talk to people but very reluctant to. And one thing that—when you say interest—the thing—the country was very beautiful. The scenery was very beautiful. I am an outdoor person. I am an avid outdoor person. And that was gorgeous. I would like to go back at some point in time. And the other thing that—the first thing that struck me when you said it was lightning. I mean, we get crack! Boom! The lightning in Vietnam is a ball of fire that goes across the sky, and it splits like an atom. It doesn’t come down and hit the ground. It splits like an atom, and you get these fire balls ricocheting across. So, that was absolutely phenomenal. I mean, that one, you know, I think of is—that was outrageous. But the country was gorgeous. Interviewer: Okay. Now, there are lots of stereotypes that people toss around about Vietnam and what went on there and so forth. One of them has to do with drug use. I �28 mean, did you observe any of that? I mean, you had said how the guy was trying to sell you pot at one point. Was there much of that going on? Did it create any actual problems for the unit or was it just— (00:48:33) Veteran: There was—I don’t know about the 199th. There was some in my unit. And I was just like, “Guys…” you know? “No. I mean, our life depends on this thing.” I am totally convinced that 3 o’clock in the morning—I didn’t smell it but totally convinced that they walked out to the perimeter someplace. They could have and I wouldn’t know about it if I didn’t see them for 5 hours or something like that. So, not—and I never saw it used in the field. Interviewer: Right. Veteran: But it was used back at the bases and stuff like that. Interviewer: Okay. And what was the ethnic mix of the troop you were in? Veteran: Golly, we had everything. We had all types. We had some Asian people and we had Hispanic people and we had some blacks and we had…Trying to remember…But just—it was a good mix. It was, it—my particular crew was Caucasian, with three hippies. But so, no. I just had a really—just a—my crew was very responsive, and I knew I could trust them. Interviewer: In general, the guys in the company got along with each other? (00:50:17) Veteran: Yes, they did. I don’t ever remember…There was one night, we went back for stand down. And I remember this was a—these guys were partying. And three of the guys in D troop jumped the company commander back in the barracks. And there was quite a ruckus and I remember one of the guys running for help. And he hit—the powerlines on these things were maybe 7 feet off the ground, maybe. It was just a forked pole like somebody would put under �29 their mother’s clothesline, holding these pine lights. And he hit one of those poles and the wire started going and knocked out the power in half of this whole complete base. And so, these guys jumped the commander. And the same—just before that, guys—our unit—had this reputation for being a really rogue unit. And they closed down the place for these guys to go and have entertainment and drink. When we were coming in, two of the A cavs went down, surrounded the place, not crossfire, but they surrounded it and said, “You have 15 minutes to get this open or we will open it.” And the general did not appreciate that when he heard about it. So, he decreed that we would never come in for stand down again. And we were actually sent out the next day to herd some rogue elephants. Interviewer: Okay… Veteran: We didn’t find them, but we were sent out there. And they actually do have elephants running around. Interviewer: Yeah. Veteran: But it was just like this was a rogue unit. Interviewer: Okay, jumping the captain—were they just drunk and silly or did they not like the captain? Or…? (00:52:27) Veteran: We never spent that much time around him, so I don’t know. I don’t know that situation. Interviewer: And it wasn’t your guys who were doing that part? Veteran: No. No, it was not. �30 Interviewer: Okay. Because there are—you have occasionally incidents where they do attack officers or frag them or that kind of thing. Veteran: Absolutely. It was a situation. I didn’t have really any problems with it. The first sergeant was an ornery, ornery, ornery guy. And at one point in time, he just said, “Stark!” So, I went over there, and he said, “I don’t like your mustache.” He said, “On some people it looks good.” And I actually had a trim mustache. I mean, before I went in the service, I had a handlebar mustache that I could put behind my ears. But so, I said, you know, I said, “You know Sarge, I keep it trimmed.” He goes, “I know.” He says, “That—there’s guys here that have mustaches. On you, it just—personally, I don’t think it looks very good, so I think you should shave it.” I said, “Sarge, I am not going to do it. I am just not going to do it.” He said, “Really?” I said, “Yeah.” He said, “You’re going to tell me you’re not?” I said, “Yeah.” So, then he just came out with a couple things and suggested that he could talk me into doing it, and I just said, “You know, Sarge,” I said, “Vietnam is a heck of a place to try and threaten a guy.” I just walked away. It wasn’t me…Apparently, well…I took offense at it, but it wasn’t me. Apparently that night, I understand, that somebody left the pin in a grenade and lobbed it into his bunker. And I am sure he thought it was me, but it wasn’t. Guarantee it. But he never talked to me that way again, but I just—it was like I am glad that it wasn’t something different. But… Interviewer: Right. Consider that a part of the climate. Veteran: Yeah. (00:54:37) Interviewer: Now, did—as you are—you did a stand down, which is just you go out of the field for a while, and you are—you can drink, and you don’t have to be on guard duty for a little while. �31 Veteran: Three or four days. Interviewer: Yeah. That kind of thing. Did you ever get an R and R, or did you leave the country too soon for that? Veteran: I left the country too soon. Interviewer: Alright. Alright, now…So, how does your tour come to an end? Veteran: Well, on the 23rd of June in ’69, which has always been a very infamous day. I will have to tell you about this. Grabbing a runway motorcycle that was going to run down my niece and nephew. My sister decided she wanted to try my motorcycle. And so, I grabbed that, got a broken arm. A car accident riding with a friend of mine. And he pulled out and a truck nit the front of his Mustang, tore the front of the Mustang off. Several different things that occurred, always on the 23rd. My family would always say—not my mom and dad but my sisters and brother-in-laws and the rest of—would say, “Well, we won’t see you tomorrow, but we will see you on your birthday.” My birthday is on the 24th. So, we won’t see you tomorrow, but we will see you on your birthday. They wouldn’t even come around. So, 23rd of June…But it was like, you know, on the 22nd that night and we get to this place. And we went up to—we were going up to support the Big Red One Division. (00:56:14) Veteran: And so, spent the night in the barracks at a base up there. And we were at Xuan Loc. And so, we are there. And I just got this feeling. And I wrote this letter to my mom and dad. You guys have been great, love you a whole bunches, thank you for what you have given me, what you have shown me. If nothing happens, it’s okay. Just keep it. The next day, 23rd, and it wasn’t something where I was aware of the 23rd and this always happens, so I am overly cautious, I caused something to happen. We are out there, and we had found a bunch of—I had spotted �32 some tunnels. I had this ability, and I would—and I spotted these air vents. So, I called it in, said, “What do you want to do?” And they said, “Have fun. We are not sending anybody out right now.” So, they said, “Have fun.” So, we played. And this happened and then probably we received a little bit of fire. Probably 20 minutes later. Just a few rounds. It did actually shoot the antenna off that was sitting next to—when we are riding in those things, the driver is inside. I have got a board. I am behind an armored guard, with a 50 there, but I am out of the vehicle. My feet—I have a board across the top of this thing. I am sitting on this thing. I put a tractor seat on it, so I had a spring and everything. Sitting on top of that. And the guys—my grenadier is riding on the hatch alongside of me and my two guys are up in the back. (00:58:24) Veteran: Everybody just slides in when this thing happens. And so, the antenna got shot off. So, we stopped for a few minutes, and I repaired the antenna. I am a ham radio right now, ham radio operator. I would have to actually look up the formula for remembering how to cut match a length of wire because it is busted. It is completely—so, I wired this thing together, I stripped the wire off a light inside the vehicle, cut and matched it, taped it on and put a splint on it just like you do for a broken hand or something like that. And it wasn’t until I saw the pictures of the devastation that I remembered that happening. I mean, Rick was right there, and the round was shot off. And it shot it off—he was within probably 12-13 inches of where that thing got shot off. So, now we are riding along, back on the road again. We got radio communications; we can talk with everybody. And we got hit and ambushed. The ambush was triggered. They went back afterwards and pieced it together. They needed to know what they were using to do this devastation. What they found out was frags from—it was one of our aerial 500 pounders that was obviously a dud. It didn’t land, it didn’t go off when it—or detonate—when it went off or landed. Interviewer: Yeah. �33 Veteran: It lifted that thirteen and a half ton vehicle up in the air eight and a half feet, according to the crews behind us, spun it around 180, blew it backwards and deposited it 40 feet away from where that thing went off. It ripped the bottom out of it. It stayed upright. It didn’t tumble because it hit right underneath. (01:00:32) Interviewer: Now, were the men inside the vehicle at that time or were they on top of it? Veteran: I don’t know for sure. I am guessing they were probably on top of it, except for the driver. That whole floor just came completely out of that thing. There is pictures of it that are just—it’s phenomenal. And one of the pictures was taken through the back hatch. You’ll see a long piece of metal that looks like a U channel. That’s actually the floor that was over the left tread. And the bogie wheel used to ride inside of it. So, I was in the queue below. I was the cork in the bottle. When that pressure blew up and the whole thing—I got launched 45 yards. I don’t remember it. I apparently stood up out there during the firefight. I don’t remember it. It wasn’t me because I don’t do things like that. And this really wasn’t me because I apparently stood up for the second time during the firefight. And don’t remember it. My driver crawled out there, because he yelled at the crew behind. He said, “Where’s Chuck? Where’s Chuck?” and he said, “They told me the general direction in which you exited the vicinity.” And when you see the pictures, the grass is probably 5 feet tall. And I am out there someplace. And when you look at it with looping, you can actually see the trail that they went out and brought me back. So, they brought me back. And another picture is when they are bringing me back and they are just carrying me back and setting me down. I am behind part of the vehicle so you can see my upper torso and head. And my wife, my lovely lady of all these years now—we were married in ’71. (01:02:33) �34 Veteran: She looked at that picture and she said, “Just like you: always have to be the center of attention.” So, thanks, love. But my left gunner was blown off: a 45-degree angle backwards. That vehicle went up, went over the top of him and came down and the back half of the vehicle hit his leg and broke his leg. It was soft and swampy and everything like that so it just pile drove it in. And then when the treads started hitting, the rest of it—or any of the bottom of it—just started hitting it. So, it didn’t cut his leg off or anything. He had a broken leg. But to have thirteen and a half tons of vehicle come over the top of you, literally over the top of you, and land and break your leg. Interviewer: Okay. Now, were the—any of the other guys hurt too? Veteran: My left gunner was. Had that busted leg. My right gunner had a little bit of a crease. And my driver was inside, Rick was on the hatch alongside of me. Rick flew forward. Driver— the whole floor came out and pushed him up in one piece. And so, it protected him. And they collided in mid-air about eight feet up and then kept each other together. And right gunner went off the right side so my left gunner got the broken leg and that was it. Interviewer: Okay. Now what kind of injuries did you have? (01:04:04) Veteran: Well…First of all, landing headfirst, my helmet was crushed. My—I had TBI: Traumatic Brain Injury. I do well. I do well. I had torn diaphragm so I couldn’t breathe real well. Busted left arm. And I had propelled shots, left arm and left side. That’s apparently from standing up. Scorched my left side. Actually, went in the flak jacket, came out the flak jacket and so it slowed it down enough that it went into my elbow. It hit the bone and tore up some bone and stuff like that. The lead was still inside. So, going through probably this much length of flak jacket instead of just through it, it saved it, my left arm. So… �35 Interviewer: So, you are in pretty bad shape at that point, once the initial shock wears off. Veteran: I don’t remember any of it. I don’t remember any of it. In fact, when I found my driver, we talked the very first time afterwards. And he said, “What do you remember?” And I said, “Nothing.” And he said, “You kept asking me what happened,” and he said, “I would tell you.” And he said that he actually thought that I was going to move my—lose my left eye. It was completely blood, and it was sort of moved in a real weird angle. But he said, “You kept asking and I kept telling you.” He said, “Couldn’t be more than 15-20 seconds later, you were asking what happened.” I didn’t remember it. I didn’t remember anything until the—being thrown into a chopper. And they had been at a previous firefight. And I was just loaded in on top. (01:06:24) Veteran: So, that was—that one I choose not to remember. And but I got to the hospital, and I remember getting there. And this was the time of Ben Casey, where you see—you are laying on a core—and the gurney hits the doors, the doors open up and all you see is the hospital from the ceiling view. I don’t remember anything until late that night. And it was hours, hours, hours later. And it was at nighttime, and I kept asking what happened there, what happened to Rose, because I knew he had that broken leg. They loaded him in at the same time. So, I kept asking and they couldn’t tell me. They couldn’t tell me. So, I went looking for him. I just got up and went looking for him. And it’s all the Quonsets like you see on MASH. Interviewer: Yeah. Veteran: All these adjoined. I am walking through all of these things and just looking for him. And I finally saw him in a bed, and I woke him up. And he was okay. He had a broken leg. And I was talking to him and all of a sudden, panic broke out in this hospital. They are hollering and screaming, they are yelling. And this is, you know, it’s just like I had no idea what was going on. �36 And this goes on, it goes on, it goes on. Finally, somebody realized I was the one they were looking for. I apparently pulled my IVs, my breathing, and was walking around. And they were screaming at me. They are just furious. And all of a sudden, it was just like they have sort of realized then that yeah, maybe it wasn’t all my fault. But I think it was funny at the time. And I still think it is funny. I didn’t mean to freak them out but just that that happened. So, yeah. Interviewer: Okay. Alright, so how long do you think— (01:08:24) Veteran: Knee; torn knee. Interviewer: Yep. Veteran: So… Interviewer: So, how long are you in the hospital in Vietnam? Veteran: That time frame I don’t know. I can’t— Interviewer: You’d guess days as opposed to weeks? Veteran: Oh no, it’s probably weeks. Interviewer: Okay. Veteran: And then I was medevaced out. The reason they couldn’t let me go before was I still had a torn diaphragm. They did nothing to—they never did anything to fix it. But they couldn’t—I couldn’t breathe real well so when you are in an aircraft at altitude…So, I stayed there enough that they could—they figured I could handle the short hop to Japan. So, they did a short hop to Japan. And then I was there for—in Japan—for a while. And I was there through a good part of July probably. �37 Interviewer: Okay. Veteran: I don’t know for sure. And then I could—at that point in time, I took the big hop back, which was horrendous. I was on a stretcher, and you are stacked up in these ships. Literally, you are this high. I couldn’t turn over because my shoulders were too broad. I couldn’t even get on my side. So, from Vietnam all the way back to Indiana, Illinois, maybe it was—I was probably in Illinois. Interviewer: Did you go to Great Lakes Hospital eventually? (01:10:11) Veteran: Yeah. Interviewer: Yeah. Veteran: Then they took a short hop to Great Lakes. But they did this thing, and I am laying—it is probably 27 hours. Interviewer: Wow. Veteran: Laying, and you can’t do anything. You can’t turn, you can’t…That was—and then being just still in a lot of discomfort. Interviewer: Right. Veteran: That was horrendous. Interviewer: Did they have people tending you at all? Veteran: No. Interviewer: Or just—you are just stuck on there and— �38 Veteran: You are there. You are there. I don’t remember seeing a single person during that flight. Yeah, you are just strapped in. I couldn’t turn; I am strapped in. Interviewer: Wow. Veteran: So, that was not fun. Interviewer: After your original incident in the Vietnam hospital when you got up out of bed, did they strap you down there or did they just tell you don’t do that again? Or…? Veteran: Yeah, they were—they did not—they never tethered me down. And I think probably because at that point in time I was probably somewhat lucid. Probably mostly lucid. But yeah, they did not. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. Now, when you get back then and you are at Great Lakes, now were you confined to a bed, or can you get up and move around or…? Veteran: No, I can get up and move around. I am still having difficulties. I have major back injuries from that. I have retrolisthesis where the—if you think about the spine lining up like this, but then if you go like this and it doesn’t line up, which is retrolisthesis, now that spot in between where the cord runs is starting to pinch. So, I have neuropathy of both feet, lower extremities, and hip and stuff like that. So, yeah, it…I am there. I am actually able to walk around. I asked, “How did I get to Great Lakes Naval Hospital?” When I was at Japan, they put me in a bed there and I looked down and looked at this guy and it looks like a chief warrant officer that I knew. And he’s got the blanket sort of pulled up and he, you know, at some point in time he rolls over. It is him! He wakes up. “Frank!” “Chuck! What are you…”? You know, it’s just like…So, we are talking. He says, “You know where you heading?” I said, “I don’t have a clue.” (01:12:34) �39 Veteran: He said, “Where do you want to go?” and I said, “I’d love to go to Great Lakes Naval Hospital because I have family, I have cousins, that live about 16 miles away.” I said, “That would be so cool.” I ended up with orders cut for Great Lakes Naval Hospital. So, I am the only Army guy in a Navy base. Interviewer: Right. Veteran: I had to be there at Monday morning at 7 o’clock. And if I needed to see the doctor, I had to be there at Wednesday at noon. The rest of the time I was signed out. And I spent the time with family. So… Interviewer: It does remind me…Before we came into the session, you mentioned that when you were in Vietnam, you actually ran into somebody you knew on the same firebase? Veteran: Oh yeah. I think it was Firebase Sue. And mortar attack, everybody cutting loose. And they are doing free fire in this. I am staying away from the village part of it. They are in my zone if I swing but I am staying away from it because there was nobody coming over the wires. And called cease fire, called cease fire the second time. It just comes down the chain. And called cease fire the second time and probably not more than 10 or 12 feet to my position where we are in the vehicle inside of that barricaded area, call cease fire the second time. And when I look over to the bunker there and a guy looks at me at the same time. Up on top of this bunker is Tom Deary from my graduating class in Muskegon High School. And we are just both like, “Chuck!” “Tom! What are you doing here?” So yeah, that was the only person I ever ran into there that was definitely from Muskegon. (01:14:30) �40 Interviewer: Alright. Go back now to the main story. So, basically you spend several months at Great Lakes, kind of recuperating. Veteran: Yes. Interviewer: Now when you got out, were you listed as disabled or partially or…? Veteran: Oh no. Interviewer: Did they—you’re just out? Veteran: I am out. And now I am at the hospital, and I am seen at the hospital for my torn knee. I am walking with a cane. And back treatments some of the time, most of the time not. And they are trying to figure out what to do with the neuropathy, this type of thing. But I was assigned to a training unit. So, now I am training new troops. Interviewer: Okay. Where were you doing that? Veteran: At Fort Knox. Interviewer: Okay. So, you go back to Fort Knox after— Veteran: Back to Fort Knox, yep. Interviewer: Okay. Veteran: And that’s where—and I am being looked at at the hospital. They are not really doing anything, but I am being—I am in and out. And I am walking with a cane. And so—and I am training troops, with a cane. Interviewer: Okay, how did that go? �41 Veteran: Unusual, but I could impart a little bit of things. I tried—if I saw somebody that had a horrible attitude—I can’t envision why anybody being drafted would ever have a horrible attitude, but anyway. And I could maybe make a little bit of difference. But I could—and I would see people, you know, maybe handling a weapon differently or doing something differently. You know, hey, think about this. So, maybe I did some good. I don’t know. Interviewer: Okay. So, you weren’t really in charge of a group of people, you were just kind of helping out with various training sessions and that kind of thing. (01:16:19) Veteran: Yeah. And I was part of this group also. I was selected as an aggressor. Somebody has to be the aggressor for training. And the aggressor—I took it easy on the new guys, but we also did the aggressor for the NCO academy. Interviewer: Now, when you say aggressor, do you mean someone who is playing the enemy when you are doing training exercises? Veteran: Absolutely. Interviewer: Yeah. Okay. Veteran: And I did not take it easy on those guys at all. It became…There was a decree that I would never go out in the field as an aggressor again. Interviewer: Okay... Veteran: There was an exercise. And there was a full bird colonel on this exercise. And I just…I can hide really, really, well. I really can. And I hid well, and the pine tree was not any taller than you sitting in that chair. And I was hidden underneath this thing and curled up underneath and to the side. They were coming right at me. I knew they were going to have to turn. And they turned �42 and went right past me. They were probably 6 feet away. Everybody was inside the vehicle. I came up behind them, popped the smoke grenade and threw it inside the vehicle. Apparently, the full bird colonel did not appreciate this, and my people did not rat me out. But it was decreed that the person that did this will never ever go out as…I sort of got revenge on the full bird that time. Interviewer: So, how long do you think you spent at Fort Knox? (01:18:25) Veteran: Altogether? Interviewer: Mhmm. Well, no I mean that last stint. Veteran: Oh, in that last group? I think I probably left there maybe like in…September. Interviewer: Okay. Veteran: Or maybe October. Interviewer: Alright. So, because I guess when we were doing the original laying out, I thought you had initially said that you got out in—I guess you finished in June in Vietnam. That was when that ended, but then you have…So… Veteran: January 20th I got out, in ’90. Interviewer: Okay. Or…’70. Veteran: Or not—yeah. Interviewer: Yeah. Okay. So, you basically did still have your two full years, or… Veteran: Real close. Interviewer: Or there abouts. Okay. Yeah, but the last months of that were spent at Fort Knox. �43 Veteran: Yeah. Interviewer: Okay. Now, I am a little surprised that they kept a guy with a cane, but…Or did you eventually not need the cane by the time you were done? Veteran: I did not need the cane by the time I was done. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. And I assume they didn’t make much of an effort to get you to re-enlist? Veteran: They saw no need for me because not only did they not do anything, they did not repair the knee. They didn’t repair anything. They didn’t even repair the torn… Interviewer: Your diaphragm. Veteran: …diaphragm. I am still sucking air. I am still. You know? That was not fixed until much later. Interviewer: Okay. Veteran: That wasn’t fixed until—the first time that it was attempted was by a civilian doctor in 2010. So, I went all those years with a torn diaphragm. Eventually, in 2010 the stomach ended up above the diaphragm in the lung area. So, it was figured at that point in time somebody should try something. (01:20:24) Interviewer: Yeah. Veteran: So, that was the first of four operations to resolve this. Interviewer: Wow. Alright. So, what do you—now, once you get out then in 1970, now what do you do? �44 Veteran: I went to school. And I—the only way I got out early was I applied for an early out for education. Interviewer: Right. Veteran: They are still keeping me. They can’t do anything with me, but they are still keeping me. And so, at that point in time then, I applied for an early out. And went to school in Muskegon. And decided that, at that point in time, I started doing some computer stuff. And that’s back when the computers were humongous, and they were still doing cards. And I learned Fortran and COBOL, stuff like that. I did a couple sessions there and then I decided that I wanted to do something differently. And really, really good friend of mine—just a very, very beautiful soul—had mentioned something about well, maybe you could do something with…because you like the outdoors, how about doing something like conservation officer? Or something like that. There was nothing available at the time, but I did choose environmental. I have always been very active in environmental stuff. So, I went and I got two degrees in environmental. And when I left there, then I was hired as a health officer for Lapeer County in Michigan. And was there for a number of years. And I have been multitude of—multitude of jobs and vocations. Security, personal security, and just all kinds of stuff over the years. (01:22:34) Interviewer: Okay. Now, you have also done…You were telling me a little bit about a program you were involved—helping with prisons, or…? Veteran: Oh! Oh, that’s something that I have been asked to do recently. Interviewer: Okay. Explain that. Veteran: Yeah, that one there…It’s…We have a friend that just actually wrote and is directing this program. And it’s being accepted. It was done originally for prisons. We actually got to �45 interview a prisoner from Texas. And we had a videotape from the warden of this particular prison. And it’s the real hole in Texas. And he just—he’s putting this word out to other people and saying, “Hey, what you need to do is you need to look at this program.” And it’s a tensession class. And I have been asked to think about being a facilitator and take each person through the class. The second half of the class is reflection from what you just heard. And the thing that has really baffled everybody is the thing that people are talking about: what was your favorite part of this class? The reflection. Now, can you envision hard-core criminals—one included, which is—that I know of—is a murderer, saying, “I get to tell somebody about what I feel now. I get to tell, and I get to help other people understand what they are feeling.” So, there is a possibility of this happening. It just was sort of approached to me this last week. And I am going to go through the training and… (01:24:38) Interviewer: Well, what is the class itself? What does that consist of? Veteran: You and your feelings and you being a human. Teaching people humanity. And when they understand… Interviewer: Don’t play with your microphone. It makes noises. Veteran: Oh, sorry. Understanding, you know, what they are feeling. And these people are actually graduating from this class. And now, I have been told that the director has said, “Let’s look at going to vets’ groups because why not?” You know. I mean, and I have been very active with Purple Heart Groups and stuff like that. So, I am excited about it, and I will keep you updated, and I will let you know how it works. Interview: Okay. So, it is basically geared toward people who have gone through very traumatic or difficult things. Just sort— �46 Veteran: Absolutely. Interviewer: And then, just finding ways to sort it out or make sense of it. Veteran: And were they feeling comfortable with themselves? And I guess I don’t need to have these drugs right now. I mean, how often do you hear this kind of stuff? So, I will keep you posted on that one. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. Now, the psychiatrist there in Battle Creek had, I guess, asked you the question about did you find anything positive in your military time. I would, I guess, put it in a different way. I would ask well, overall, how do you think your time in the service affected you? I mean, you have talked about the physical side of things and stuff you have carried. But otherwise, how do you think it affected you? (01:26:15) Veteran: There’s really no way to get rid of it, the stuff that you are holding inside. So, even seeing how others were treated, I mean that stuff just stays with you. It was not a positive experience. Yeah, a lot of experience about doing the job. A lot of experience about understanding even more than what I had. I have always had an excellent way with nature. I can see something that doesn’t belong there. Maybe it’s a color and maybe it’s a pattern. Maybe it’s a straight line. Mother Nature doesn’t have straight lines...Something like that. So, sharpening that? And that even came in: understanding and visually—visual acuity. Some people call it hypersensitivity. In this case here, my hypersensitivity has really allowed me to pick up on visual cues or stuff like that. When I was doing personal security for individuals, hypersensitivity is a good thing. Interviewer: Okay. �47 Veteran: If it is used properly. So... There is that. But it wasn’t something that I relished at all. I will tell you how much I didn’t relish it: when I was not in training, even when I was in training, and when you are cooperating and doing well, they allow you to have the weekends off. I actually took off and would go from Fort Knox to Muskegon, Michigan. We are supposed to be within about 50-mile ranges. Interviewer: Right. Veteran: But I didn’t. I was gone every—I think I only—figured out one time—only spent 3 weekends on Fort Knox. I—it was nothing there for me. It just wasn’t anything I wanted to do. So, it was...I gained some positive things like the hypersensitivity and maybe understanding people a little bit more. When you see people that are going through—and I know when I am going through, maybe I have a little bit more patience. So… Interviewer: Yeah. (01:28:41) Veteran: Maybe? My wife might not think so, but I do. Interviewer: Well, you managed to stay married since 1971, so… Veteran: Absolutely. She’s been the…. she gets the—all of the kudos. Interviewer: Right. Yeah. All the credit for that. Alright. Veteran: Yeah. Interviewer: Okay. Well, it does make for a very good story, so... And you actually told it well. So, thank you very much for coming in today and sharing. Veteran: Well, thank you for the opportunity. (01:29:13) � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context StarkC2183V Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Stark, Chuck Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-02 Title A name given to the resource Stark, Charles (Interview transcript and video), 2018 Description An account of the resource Chuck Stark was born in 1948 in Muskegon, Michigan. He graduated from Muskegon Senior High School in 1966. He joined the Army in April 1968 and completed his basic training at Fort Knox, Kentucky. Chuck remained at Fort Knox for his advanced individual training, which was focused on reconnaissance. He then attended the Non-Commissioned Officers’ Academy at Fort Knox as well. Chuck was sent to Vietnam in 1969 and was assigned to the D Troop, 17th Cavalry Regiment. While in Vietnam, he was involved in various skirmishes and reconnaissance missions. On June 23rd, 1969, Chuck sustained several injuries when the vehicle that he was riding in was ambushed and blown apart. Due to his injuries, he was sent from Vietnam to Great Lakes Naval Hospital in Illinois to recuperate. Once he recovered sufficiently, he was assigned to a training unit at Fort Knox to finish out his time in the military. He left the Army in January 1970. Chuck is currently actively involved with a reformative program that is designed to help people in the prison system. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James (Interviewer) WKTV (Wyoming, Mich.) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States—History, Military Veterans Video recordings Korean War, 1950-1953—Personal narratives, American Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Veterans History Project collection, (RHC-27) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections & University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401. Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/6cfafecae3af0b3ba41e1376d3c8e75d.jpg 36010020dc0c6f824d46ceccad881b2a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context StarkGary Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Stark, Gary Description An account of the resource Gary Stark, Dean of Arts and Humanities Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College administrators Colleges and universities – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/5afd49fb75c9bd696ec17a8f1fc98b90.jpg cd2c0ea93451c9e826f918a0f365b000 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context StarkweatherJames Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Starkweather, James Description An account of the resource James Starkweather, Director of Budgets and Accounting Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College administrators Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/cc275625c4785cc9b5ab45191945731c.pdf 1962766cb64101aa72e548280af9f8d1 PDF Text Text $TART $MARTWorkshop Your first job becomes the blueprint for your working career. Start your career by finding out how to make a fair and equal wage! Tuesday, April 5th, 2011 GVSU Allendale Campus, Kirkhof 2270 4-6:ooPM @ GRANDVAllEY STATE lJNivERSITY WOMEN'S CENTER Michigan is ranked 4 7th (out of 50 states) on wage inequity. The best way to change this reality is to get women the skills they need to negotiate a fair wage in their FIRST job. Register at the GVSU Women's Center at womenctr@gvsu.edu or call (616) 331-2748 (space is limited) AAUW Sponsored by: the American Association of University Women and GVSU's Women's � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource GVSU Sexuality and Gender Flyers Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Rainbow Resource Center Women and Gender Studies Department Women's Commission Gayle R. Davis Center for Women and Gender Equity Description An account of the resource Digitized posters, flyers, event notices, and other materials relating to gender expression and sexuality at Grand Valley State University, with materials spanning from 1974 to 2019. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974/2019 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digitized from collections at the Rainbow Resource Center (formerly the Milton E. Ford LGBT Resource Center), Women and Gender Studies Department, Women's Commission, and Gayle R. Davis Center for Women and Gender Equity. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Gender identity Gender expression Sexual orientation Women's studies Queer theory Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-09 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-09_SGF_2011_Start-Smart-Workshop-April.pdf Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Women's Center Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2011-04-05 Title A name given to the resource Start Smart Workshop Description An account of the resource Flyer describing a workshop to help students learn about making a fair and equal wage in their first job. Subject The topic of the resource Community centers Women Pay equity Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Women's Center Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/57fd5ded3bbec1e9abd2aed27bcdeec8.pdf 11ae00a1eb69aeb28b5bd3c364a607d0 PDF Text Text Tuesday, November 15, 2011 llam-lpm or 4pm-6pm 2266 Kirkhof Center (Allendale Campus) Please RSVP at www.gvsu.edu/women_cen/ under Upcoming Events ~"~<£ \r t ~, ~ JI/:::- ~~ The $tart $mart workshop provides you - college women - with the skills to benchmark and negotiate the salary you want and deserve on your FIRST JOB, getting your career off on the right track. Negotiating salaries is a challenge for women at all stages of their careers, as women are less likely than men to ask for what they want. The WAGE Project piloted $tart $mart Campus Initiative on nine college campuses in the fall of 2007 to empower young women starting their careers to avoid the gender wage gap. @ -- -·- - - - ··· - -···--· ·- GRANDVALLEY STATE UNIVERSITY WOMEN'S CENTER - - - -- - - ~ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource GVSU Sexuality and Gender Flyers Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Rainbow Resource Center Women and Gender Studies Department Women's Commission Gayle R. Davis Center for Women and Gender Equity Description An account of the resource Digitized posters, flyers, event notices, and other materials relating to gender expression and sexuality at Grand Valley State University, with materials spanning from 1974 to 2019. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974/2019 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digitized from collections at the Rainbow Resource Center (formerly the Milton E. Ford LGBT Resource Center), Women and Gender Studies Department, Women's Commission, and Gayle R. Davis Center for Women and Gender Equity. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Gender identity Gender expression Sexual orientation Women's studies Queer theory Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-09 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-09_SGF_2011_Start-Smart-Workshop-November.pdf Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Women's Center Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2011-11-15 Title A name given to the resource Start Smart Workshop Description An account of the resource Flyer describing a workshop to help college women negotiage a fair salary for their first job. Subject The topic of the resource Community centers Women Pay equity Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Women's Center Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/f3f430d446f986878512359c5c26a09e.mp4 e6acaa15918746f9486416e199544692 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/57621feb9a4d1627384b2063e45919e0.pdf d234124c19ac2ad4d80a0ae01429cf2f PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans’ History Project Raymond Start World War II 42 minutes 21 seconds (00:00:15) Early Life -Grew up in Galewood, Michigan -A suburb of Grand Rapids, Michigan -Had four brothers and one sister -He attended Grand Rapids Christian High School until he was sixteen -Born in 1927 -Parents were named Dick and Alice -Lived within five minutes of a good wooded area -There were a lot of other kids in the neighborhood that he grew up in -Didn’t enjoy school, so he decided to drop out -Drove truck for a local company until he entered the service (00:01:41) Enlisting Pt. 1 -He enlisted in the Navy when he turned seventeen -Felt a duty to go fight the Japanese -Enlisted in 1944 -The Allies were making gains in Europe -Had aspirations of being a gunner (00:02:07) Overview of Service -He was qualified to be a radioman -Sent to the University of Wisconsin Radio School -Five months of training -Boarded a troopship in San Francisco -Sailed across the Pacific and arrived at Leyte Gulf in the Philippines -In the Philippines he was assigned to an attack personnel destroyer -Working with “frogmen” teams (precursors to the Navy SEALS) -They had four Higgins boats (landing craft for personnel) -The job was to destroy reefs and other obstacles for larger ships -The underwater demolition teams were training to clear a beachhead -Preparing for the invasion of Japan -They were on their way to Japan when the atomic bombs were dropped and the war ended -Returned to the United States -Spent three months in a transfer station in San Diego -Got assigned to an aircraft carrier -Duty was to go around the Pacific collecting aircraft and officers -The aircraft carrier was largely empty when they went to sea -Had plenty of room to play basketball in a hangar and softball on the flight deck -Wound up at Harbor Island in Tacoma, Washington -Putting the ship into the “mothball fleet” -Worked on that process for six months �-Discharged in July 1946 -Got to go skiing on Mount Rainier twice -Spent a lot of time with one good friend and went to social gatherings with him to meet girls -Total time in the service was twenty two months (00:04:49) Enlisting Pt. 2 -He enlisted at the recruiting station at Reeds Lake -His oldest brother had been in the Navy since 1942 -His father had served in the Army in World War One -Sent to Detroit for a physical examination and an aptitude test (00:05:57) Basic Training Pt. 1 -From Detroit he was sent to Great Lakes Naval Station, Illinois -Taken to a large gymnasium the first night that he was there -Navy was the first time that he had ever been outside of Grand Rapids -Made good friends in basic training (00:06:16) Radio School -Life was good at the Radio School at the University of Wisconsin -Only had to share a room with one other sailor -Served three full square meals a day -Could go ice skating on campus in the winter -Allowed to mingle with the female students -Taught Morse code -Didn’t have to take a typing class because he had already learned to type in high school -Learned about what his duty as a radioman would entail -Sitting behind a typewriter, wearing headphones, listening to and transcribing code -Four hours of radio duty and eight hours off -Wouldn’t have to do manual labor aboard the ship -Radio School lasted five months (00:07:52) Deployment Pt. 1 -Sent to California by train -Went through the desert and had to open the windows because it was so hot -This led to being covered in soot from the train engine -Took a streamliner that was air conditioned from Los Angeles to San Francisco -Sent to Treasure Island and boarded the USS General CH Muir -Remembers sailing under the Golden Gate Bridge -Sailed with 3000 other men -When they reached the tropics they were allowed to sleep in hammocks on deck -The men got along well with each other -There was some minor tension with the Marines though (00:09:49) Adjustment and Rank -He had no problem with adjusting to the Navy -When he graduated from Radio School he was a Seaman 1st Class (RM) (radioman) -Meant that he would get to serve the watches that he trained for -Didn’t have to be part of the “deck force” for cleaning (00:11:24) Deployment Pt. 2 -Took thirty days to cross the Pacific Ocean -Only served two meals a day on the ship �-Became acquainted with a cook and got a job washing dishes -Meant that he could get extra food (00:12:15) Contact with Family Pt. 1 -He was allowed to visit his family before he was deployed -Only given a week -He also had a girlfriend at the time of his deployment (00:12:55) Stationed aboard the Attack Personnel Destroyer -They were bound for the Philippines -He was transferred from the USS General CH Muir to the attack personnel destroyer -Never set foot on the Philippines -They were anchored offshore -They would lower the Higgins boats to the water with the frogmen teams aboard -They would go in close to shore with dynamite and then dive down -Practicing blowing up natural and artificial obstacles -All communications were coded -Meant that he never really knew what was going on -Sometimes the duty got kind of boring -On the attack personnel destroyer for a few months sailing towards Japan -Changed course and sailed for home after the bombs were dropped (00:16:00) Transfer to the Aircraft Carrier Pt. 1 -Pulled into Oceanside, California -Some men were allowed to go ashore, but the rest had to stay aboard the ship -Some men got into the pyrotechnics locker and set off rockets in celebration -There was no alcohol allowed aboard the ship though -He was taken to a transfer center in San Diego to be reassigned -Got assigned to an aircraft carrier -He didn’t have any rank so he wound up being assigned to the “deck force” -He got along well with the recreation officer on the carrier -He was able to get him time off to go skiing on Mount Rainier -Sprained his right ankle on the second day of skiing -Got him light duty for three weeks so he could recover -Recreation officer also organized a target practice club -Also organized the softball games, but the balls were always lost overboard (00:20:24) Life after the War Pt. 1 -Went back to high school after the Navy and got his high school diploma -Graduated in 1947 -Used the GI Bill for flying lessons through Wolverine Air Service -It was fun learning how to fly small planes -Would take rides over Lake Michigan -He met a girl after he came home and got married to her -He became a delivery truck driver for Nabisco (00:23:40) Stationed in Washington -He had good liberty in Tacoma -Could go to local roller skating rinks to meet girls -Had to rely on buses and hitchhikers to get from the base to the city -One time got taken back to base by two friendly drunks �-He would also drive officers to Seattle -He had a chauffer’s license from before the war -Gave him a chance to buy some civilian clothes (00:26:02) Transfer to the Aircraft Carrier Pt. 2 -Morale was good, especially in the radio unit -He served aboard the USS Bougainville -Never had any major discipline issues -Only event he remembers was two sailors getting drunk and wrecking a phone booth -Life aboard the Bougainville was much better than aboard the attack personnel destroyer -On the APD their meals were terrible -Got served canned chicken that was two years past the expiration date -There were maggots in the mashed potatoes (00:28:14) Contact with Family Pt. 2 -Able to write home and receive letters from his family and his girlfriend -Used V-Mail (short for Victory Mail) -Mail system that used microfilm to allow for faster, simpler transport (00:29:15) Signs of War -Did not go ashore in the Philippines, but could still see the mainland -The entire area that he could see was bombed out and flattened -Saw Japanese prisoners of war that were being kept in a fenced in area -Knew that the Filipinos despised the Japanese -Saw children throwing stones at the Japanese soldiers -They were guarded by soldiers that were ready to shoot the prisoners -A lot of ships were still in the harbor and most were half sunk (00:30:24) Places of Interest -Anchored off Ulithi once and got to go scuba diving -Stopped at Guam -It was a B-29 base at the time and he got to see the bombers that were stationed there -Got treated to a USO Show at a USO Club on the island -Had free beer and girls to dance with -Got to see a lot of Tacoma -Got to explore San Diego -Went to the San Diego Zoo -Sent to Balboa Naval Hospital for a tonsillectomy -Almost bled to death because they did a rush job on his tonsils -Wound up in the hospital, again, for a week of recovery -Could only eat small amounts of ice cream and lost fifteen pounds -Got to see Bob Hope and his troupe perform (00:35:00) End of Service -Got discharged in July 1946 -Sent to Great Lakes Naval Station, Illinois to be discharged -Took a train from Washington to Illinois -Enjoyed being able to see the mountains and the countryside on the train ride -From Illinois he took a Greyhound bus back to Grand Rapids (00:36:18) Basic Training Pt. 2 -Basic training lasted eight weeks �-Enjoyed it because he was in good physical shape -Trained alongside young men and old men -Felt bad for the old men because they were taken from their wives and children -The young men enjoyed the training -Trained by a man that was good natured and easy going -Received some rifle training (00:37:44) Reflections on Service Pt. 1 -Made him appreciate home more -Hasn’t left except for trips (00:38:01) Life after the War Pt. 2 -Has travelled around the United States and the Caribbean -Visiting children and grandchildren -Has four children: Doug, Jan, Rick, and Lisa -Has fifteen grandchildren -Has sixteen great grandchildren (00:39:12) Reflections on Service Pt. 2 -Made him more mature -Instilled in him confidence and people skills -Good experience for him at the time (00:39:57) Veterans’ Organizations -Not involved with any organizations like the Veterans of Foreign Wars or the American Legion -Did take part in the Spirit of Grand Rapids Honor Flight in May 2015 -Tour of the WWII Memorial in Washington D.C. for WWII veterans -Escorted by grandson, Michael � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27_StartR1770V Title A name given to the resource Start, Raymond (Interview outline and video), 2015 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015-05-13 Description An account of the resource Raymond Start was born in 1927 and grew up in Galewood, Michigan. When he turned seventeen he enlisted in the Navy in 1944 and was sent to Great Lakes Naval Station, Illinois for basic training. From there he was sent to the University of Wisconsin for Radio School and after five months of that he was sent out to California to board a troopship. He was sent to the Philippines where he boarded an attack personnel destroyer in Leyte. They sailed toward Japan with underwater demolition teams, preparing for the invasion of Japan until the atomic bombs were dropped in August 1945. He was sent back to the United States where he was assigned to the aircraft carrier the USS Bougainville. He took a cruise around the Pacific collecting aircraft and officers, and then helped decommission the ship in Tacoma, Washington until July 1946 when he was discharged. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Start, Raymond Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Moore, Deb (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American United States. Navy Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Veterans Video recordings Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Moving Image Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project collection, (RHC-27)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries. Allendale, Michigan Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/8df2d464eee2ffd6a8d42155e685aea9.pdf fd4700807cf0379b6a29feb159b0515d PDF Text Text GSEENHEDEN EN UTRECHT : 400.000 ebled dat zljn tl'lertol//fe w•rer zee of op het ljuelmffr loost. deze bart door •erschlllende ,ebled rot twee ,fwater/nfseen• rcerlnf weerrere•en (Waterland j //1)-1//) ~ Y-#--D ~ arerln1seenltede" zijn. ~oor zover ers lnfetokend. (bi/•- RIJNLAND, ,,.. nheden zijn dj(ers (f t/m 21) ,erkl••rd. (•;• op,2. kur< 1'4A_ benoemd) _ ,,._ lf. llffrombo<ht U, SUtt(lttrlc t6. Vierambtdtienbotnm 17.,-tul 11.0vda-boutffl 19. Kmluc llomm lll. O..,.JJud..... lf. 0.-. "' Nlffw-lf.eyerwur4 ll. Nicvw-lM<MrlMd • IJSSEL- rt /tet Jur un waarin de dn>Of• b.,. de wareM>OrZ/enlnf ,.d. fl'Ole oderlljk af,,,ator/nfseenheid ,ornit. renomen zljn sl«/ou de remalen nrseenhedelt ... betelen/, zljn. een poarso pijl nof eon gemaal ndlfheden •rlJ• of kunstmatJ,e rlnJen. lnplulr. 1fuoD#Nh-:-v-: ~;7 --'~9~T+~;__*~~~~'?Ini~~)~~~ flfll "1 E E ---------, 1 1 1 1 1 \ WOIUWlb'!'Y \ 0 \ \ ' �.\JGSEENHEDEN EN UTRECHT : 400.000 gebied dat zijn OW'ertolllre water fe zee of op het IJsselmeer loost. p deze ka.art door "e,schlllende , gebied tot twee afwaterlnfteen• arcering weergege"en (Waterland ,ateringseenheden zijn, voor zover tors ingetekend. (bijv. RIJNU.NO. ,,,eenheden zijn cijfers (1 t/m 12) verklaard. (niet op kaart l-4A benoemd) f 2. 8,e,t,rm,oud,r fJ. Neue f4. krramöacht 15. Strff(brlt t•. Viuambachtenbouem 11. PoorWtul ft. Oude l(OJHoodbouem 19. Krttki,r bitm ']f), Oosc•l]nelmonóe 21. Oud· en Nifllw•R.r,itf"WUrd IJSSEL 21. Nievw•L.tlcb:rl.nd ~ het Jaar aan wairfn de droog• b.Y. de watervoorzlenlnf 'f.d. grote nderliJk afwaceringseenlteid rormr. >fenomen zijn slechts de femalen fngseenheden van betekenis zijn. pune pijl nog een gemaal ,sr.andlgheden vrije of kunstmatJ.re st een :rlnten. "1f EER ·rfnru/uis. 1 /. t,I tG~ ' {),,·~ \ \.I 1 1 / / 1 E M �A graat amou.nt of work has been performed by Y,rs,G.Beets-Zwa-4n ( whose mother was a Termaat) and Cornelis Barend Termaat (1918) . Preface. The research took place mostly in the city of lllkmaar' · tirchives , where the records of the city of fi.lkmaar and ether West-Frisian cities are kept re baptism, marriage, burial and also the population registers • Mrs.Beets states that she has reached a nearly complete line of ancestors fromts~ mother's fa.l'Jlily Termaat. Her part begins when Barent Jansz. coming from Schagen settles in the polder (diked-in lake) the "Schermer". The part which deals with the prior Termaats in Vollenhove and Blokzijl has been given to Yirs.Beets by Cormelis Barend Termaat (1918) whose information has been incorporated in Mrs.Beets booklet. Even though it proved to be nearly impossible to be complete, every effort has been made to reach that goal. Despite that, she is aware that errors may exist innames and/or dates. Work record.s have in many instances been copied frlbm the marriage certificate. Often changes took place which have not yet been recorded. Mrs. Beets entertains corrections and/or additional information. She has expressed her thanks for assistance in gathering family dataand for making pictures available. A special thanks has been expressed by her to Mr.Bert C.Mantel for his help in typing the manuscript and for his kind advice. Mrs Beets wishes the readers of the Termaat geneology well. December 1990. THEME. Time passes we say, but we are in error Time stays and it is we who pass. Introduction: This book consists of 3 parts. The first has some thoughts about our name and a short history of the city of Blokzijl the place of origin. The second part contains the geneology which .dates back to about 1550 and is brought up to date to December 1989. Family members are written up in the family to which they belang • The head of the family has been assigned a number consisting of 2 parts. The Roman numeral indicates the generations counting from . the first forefather , who carries number I . The other figures indicate the number of the family cou.nting from the first forefather. Multiple ma.rriages are indicated as a orb or c. Example �C!""f~ - ~-"'~ - ~ / 14-~- U,,~ l--lw-j'-f-'A- w414~,(~7 ~-~~~-- • • ~ - pl.~ ît.u1~.,..._~~ ·A... ,,,,.~~ ~ ~ ~~ F~;._;-,LWL~ 4;f ~_,.,; /:f;" Q - « . , ~ ~ --/f fl-o-t.~6'. ~..cJ,, 'iLt- ~/IA~/ ~ Lf&d_~ ~~ ~ ~ ; _ , ~ ~ - , +·e.:~ ~ d o ~ c / 4 ~ - k._ ~Ik ~ o/f'? ~~ 11,._,,, t ;.[f"""~ ,~,jf'~~~Ud. 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(1 A-1 é, .( 8 lt :i<L _.: )_~ '.,., y_ P- t)A '/ ½ 17 J f {;u,,- • ~Tl/ l 7 J/~) /lft1T A- 5r;-111e11'1tr1;,J Pte..r' /?vT /'r vN'PK.ttlhlJtJJtP y/)1) Jt To ;/T/t.L,AJé:jT~ 'J) /5 l!.1/s /!. Á-/V# AtRI>~ , ,é-SPI!.. e,~t,,l..'-Y- yov )1, ~/f.l 7v<;c~/?TI "''- ~ i~t-K"~ r,~,.;,s" LAcir o~ J;, lfl' /'t f 7J'/? ïFllf · · /(AI IÏJ O ,t;,nz 1<,/ ~ ll/1, 1;,,. /à at--- 0 • • �The prioe of liberty is eternal vigilance. " The elation of victory has become a memory of the elderly. It should not be so" '1hile the world is rid of Hitler's physical presenoe, still contend with his monstrous legacy. Senator Biroh Bayh is aware that itlives in our country and that f>ap thy ani ignorance together will allow this cucer to be eborn , to f ester and to grow • e statect that this evil should be excised now ~ WAITED TOO LONG THE LAST TIME. w On January 29, 1989, the Republikaner Partei, which calls itself 11 a cleaner extension of the Nazi's gained 11 seats in the City of Berlin's Senate. Some party members have called themselves the "Zyklon B" group after the chemical used with deadly effect in the gaschambers. erner Zellien, a Berliner concludes : " The on~ thing German;y learnt from the Holocaust was how to make poison gas" He was referring to the U.S.A. having to tell· the German Government about the Libyan chemiohal plant scandal. nd Newsweek juat report.ecl th&t 2. German firms have d-eli~ed all the becessary components to Pakistan to start produving atomie bobs . l ter Cronkite was scheduled as speaker for the award of the Spirit o:f Liberty , of which he himselt had been the recipient • nd gripping the arms of bis chair, he said in bis sonorous barito e-/i I was just mad. I have been mad. Still am. ~nd he spoke these words: �CONTINUED FROM Cl ed enough to understand that a newsman could wear several bats and that we had the ability to turn off - nearly, you can't say perf~1y but nearly - all of our preJudi~es and biases." . . lt bas been a long tim~ sm<:e Cronkite sat in the anchor,f ch_atr at the "CBS Evening News, whi~ he turned over to Dan Rather m March 1981 With an a~nual salary reputed to be $ 1 million Cronkite was given a ' f direct seat on the CBS board o ors and the title of special correspondent, under an exclusive agreement that ran through last Nov. 4, the day he turned 72. For the decade to follow, he was to become a consultant to the network, at a sharply reduced salacy. Unhappiness crops up ,As Nov. 4 drew closer, how_ever, ess d h. nh Cronkite voice 1s u ap~m ~tb his status at CBS, as bis apr..earances on the "Evening News" an " -d other CBS pro~ms grew fewd af er and ~e networ turned a e ear to _h1s proposals. tb h d be~~~: ~i h."~g';, 1 even leave the network - something CBS clearly didn't wish to see happen. Cronkite would not discuss the financial terms of bis new agre~ment with CBS, other than to say 1t is substantial. It obligates neither hlm nor the network to any specific projects, which Cronkite said is just fine. public on complicated t rues. It allows him to work for the Pub- Cronkite said, "and that's one lic Broadcasting Service, for cable the problems of putting issues o television and, with some excep- that 23 minutes." tions, other outlets. lnsisting that people ought t f ti ti n have used newspapers and mag And the process O renego a O zines, as well as television and r did get him back on camera; he was dio to get a full sense of the IS there with Rather at the convend d .. },/ tions last summer, commenting on in the campaign, he ad e , the race for the presidency. should have done an hour at "lt's always hard, after you've once a week, minimumly, m y been in command, to take a lesser more than that, in prime time, ru role," he conceded. marizing the campaign." "But quite honestly, 1 wouldn:t on the other hand, he could doi have wanted to work that hard this bis director's bat and admit that h year. 1 had my turn at that. I'm !lot understood whrthe networks r · reluctant yield likely primetotime to the slightest bit bitter about h avt ng shows thattoweren't t ract. a lesser role. 1 wouldn't have exdi pected anything else." large au ence. Nevertheless, he regrette_d holdWH gn C V Confllctlng a ers ing bis tongue about campat ~lndeed that conflict betweén erage by the news media at e Walter cro' nkite the straight-atTOW time of the debates between the presidential candidates. newsman and Walter Cronkite the "Television is not an adequate corporat functionacy is one he bas medium to qua.1.if.::.orm=-=-:th_,,.._,n--=o'-t..:!.ye_t_fu_ll..;;,y_re_so_l_ve_d...._ _ _ __ ad ,, e '-S~Ue ofpubbc U.IM.t /zas been intensil:nd, nk by t,.LU::_ r'-Se ofsensationafism 'J«: •.:0 lle sqys, • • - part~Utar,ry • J l thOSe progranzs • teleV'-SW'! oueradmg a.s new1'-". 1 u During his eight years on the CBS board, the network and its news division have been torn apart by internal conflict, a takeover attemp~ by Ted Turner, a libel suit brought by Gen. William C. Westmoreland and countless executive changes. "lt was very difficult for me, during strike situations, during the takeover situations with Turner," he said, "I did find myself in conflict between the openness I would like, the right of the public to know and the board's responsibility and the necessity to do some business in the dark, if you please. "1 fight against that all my life, against anybody doing the public's business in the dark, and yet, 1 find, now that I'm in it, that there is a necessity to do that to a degree." Something else carne up during the campaign, a/'ié hàs fn almost ry election ear since Cronkite commenced bis very public career: the moves to draft him into polities. He would not deny that he had been tempted, hut he feit it would have been wrong: "1 do sincerely believe that anybody who's been an anchorperson - even eig_ht years after he's been an anchorperson - should not get involved in polities. I've said this all along and the biels to run for office began years ago. And they carne from both parties, incidentally." There was another issue for him, · as well. Was Cronkite ever resentful of all the trust that had been vested in him all those years? "Resentful wouldn't be the word," he said, rolling it around in his mouth. "Appalled, maybe. Somewhat frightened by it. 1 always have been concerned about . the idolatry connected with anchorpeople on television. lt bothers me a -great deal that people would say, 'I believe every word you say.' Heavens, that's terrible for them to think." The issue of public trust bas been intensified, he said, by the rise of ·sensationalism on television - particularly those programs masquerading as news. · He broached that subject in the second of bis recent surprising ubhc .statements, h1s one on Dec. 5, at a dinner in his honor given b the Museum of Broadcasting. Cronkite used the occasion 11 come out strongly against sensationalist television programs particularly those fflat parade 85 news. Referring to that after-dinner speech, he recalled the time when "The CBS Evening News" trailed NBC's "Huntley-Brinkley Report" slightly in the ratings when Cronkite became the CBS anchor in 1962. • Even then, ratings were ve1y much on the minds of the neiworks, and he told the netwoiit bosses that greater numbers were within easy reaeh, simply by "going tabloid." With someone else iri the anchor's chair, of course. "So, this is nothing new," Cronkite said. "What is new is that the outlets are available." His primary concern, he added, was that the popular new tabloid programs could ultimately influence network news broadcasts - a vulnerability drawn in starker relief in this age of corporate ownership of ABC and NBC and a corporate sensibility at CBS. "This will be the test, perhaps, of this generation of owners of. the networks as to their sense of rens1bih •" �The sheds neuirality, speaks out Inore By Jeremy Gerard N,Y. Times News Service N ~ ' . EW YORK - Walter Cronkite had always been more comfortable delivering the news than making it. But sometbing was gnawing at him, and when the opportunity arose one evening not long after George Bush was elected president, Cronkite made a speech in defense of liberal values. It surprised people more than he cou.Id have imagined. Although it'Was nearly nine years since the most welcome house guest in the country, Uncle Walter. Old Iron Pants, the Most Trusted Man in America, had relinquished bis anchor's chair at the ''CBS Evening News," many still seemed to think; as Cronkite put it, that he ought to go on being an "ideological eunuch." Those day~ are over. Not so objective ,1 In recent weeks, a~r years of being the conduit and never the conscie'hce of the news, Cronkite bas begun speaking ou(.on issues that concern him - issues mostly having t.o do with joumalism and polities. At the same time, he has carved out for himself more personal time in a more private life. A renegotiated contract with CBS that pays hun a great deal to do little more than stay away from the other commen:ial networks will allow him time to develop projects and to begin work on a long-overdue autobiography. But don't expect him to drift too far trom the camera's eye or the reporters notebook. Un_packed dlrtons sit outside the door and around the corner from Cronkite's new-Office on the 24th floor of the CBS headquarters at 52nd Street. Inside, in bis shirt sleeves, he sat talking about that speech, about the rise of so-called tabloid television and about his role as a director of CijS. the company he joined in 1950 after 11 years as a re. porter for the United Press. On Nov. 17, he was scheduled to introduce Barbara Jordan toa gathering of People for the American Way, the nonpartisan group founded by the producer Norman Lear in 1980 to focus on constitutional issues. Jordan, a former Texas Congresswoman and one of the Democratie Party's most articu!ate advocates, was the recipient of the organization's annual "Spirit of Liberty" award. Cronkit~, tl!e previous.Y-ea_rs winn~. ~there to pass thé torch. In the fn'St araft of bis .introductory speech, he wrote that he was going to rèSist a temptation. to digress , fn that much•abused subject, liberalism. _ But then he Iooketf'Sf hVApeech. and at those words, and he chan ed his mind. emocratic . ss t e e ection he said.._ ..,....was the fäult Qf tQQ.nmi ~ T u ~ e i r iciK:es stilled by not-SQ•8Y.btle.k 1)1.Qii.cal intimid~on. _ ~ox instance. we know.. that u n i l a t ~ action in Grenada and Ttipoli was wrong. We know that Stru'. Wars means unçontrollable escalatioiiofitïe_~nn race. We know that the real threat JQ.iiemocracy is in half the 11ati9n in po-verty. "We know that Thomas Jefferson was rii)lt \rli.e.n..be said. 'A demöcracy, cannot be both ignorant and free.' We know, we know, that no one .s.twuld teil sb~ tQ..bear an qnwanted .child. We lg}ow th ligj.QUS belie.fs cannQtdefine. patriotism. "We know that it is not how one's ~ are fo nned hut what they say. And we know thêre is f~m.JQ..~_a™-.witn ·all or part of what I_'v_e_ _ just said. "But God almightyJ. we've got to shout these .truthsln which we believe from tlîerooftgps." 1 Gripping conviction That is what C,ronkite said, and sitting in his office as he recalled the speech bis body language was as eloquent as his recollections were awncular. Without noticing it, he gripped the arms ofhis chair as he remembered that night and the events that had inspired him. By the time he finished, bis grip on those arms looked strong enough to crush coat into diamonds. "l was just mad." he said in the famous baritone. ..1 have been mad. Still am." Cronkite sai<i that he bas spoken bis mind throughout bis career, especlally during the years on radio prior to becotning the anchor of the "CBS Evening News." . _ , " .. ~ "Fot my whole life, long bëfore CBS, whèn l was at United Press - and goodness knows, press.service reporters are supposed to be ideological eunuchs if there ever were any. and I made public speeches under the auspices of United Press. All through my llfe, I have never disguised my sentiments about polities in genera!." l Well, maybe he had always registered as an independent so as not to appear partisan. Still, "lib• eralism carne out in almost every -speech in one way or another, on radio.'' . As he continued to talk, however, Cronkite seemed to arrive at bis own understanding of just how significant the Roseland speech had been. " On television, I tried to absolutely hew to the middle of the road and not show any prejudice or bias in any way," he said. r "I did not believe that the public was sophisticat• se/! CRONKITE, C2 �CONTINUED FROM Cl ed enough to understand that a newsman could wear several bats and that we had the ability to turn off - nearly, you can't say perf~1y but nearly - all of our preJudi~es and biases." . . lt bas been a long tim~ sm<:e Cronkite sat in the anchor,f ch_atr at the "CBS Evening News, whi~ he turned over to Dan Rather m March 1981 With an a~nual salary reputed to be $ 1 million Cronkite was given a ' f direct seat on the CBS board o ors and the title of special correspondent, under an exclusive agreement that ran through last Nov. 4, the day he turned 72. For the decade to follow, he was to become a consultant to the network, at a sharply reduced salacy. Unhappiness crops up ,As Nov. 4 drew closer, how_ever, ess d h. nh Cronkite voice 1s u ap~m ~tb his status at CBS, as bis apr..earances on the "Evening News" an " -d other CBS pro~ms grew fewd af er and ~e networ turned a e ear to _h1s proposals. tb h d be~~~: ~i h."~g';, 1 even leave the network - something CBS clearly didn't wish to see happen. Cronkite would not discuss the financial terms of bis new agre~ment with CBS, other than to say 1t is substantial. It obligates neither hlm nor the network to any specific projects, which Cronkite said is just fine. public on complicated t rues. It allows him to work for the Pub- Cronkite said, "and that's one lic Broadcasting Service, for cable the problems of putting issues o television and, with some excep- that 23 minutes." tions, other outlets. lnsisting that people ought t f ti ti n have used newspapers and mag And the process O renego a O zines, as well as television and r did get him back on camera; he was dio to get a full sense of the IS there with Rather at the convend d .. },/ tions last summer, commenting on in the campaign, he ad e , the race for the presidency. should have done an hour at "lt's always hard, after you've once a week, minimumly, m y been in command, to take a lesser more than that, in prime time, ru role," he conceded. marizing the campaign." "But quite honestly, 1 wouldn:t on the other hand, he could doi have wanted to work that hard this bis director's bat and admit that h year. 1 had my turn at that. I'm !lot understood whrthe networks r · reluctant yield likely primetotime to the slightest bit bitter about h avt ng shows thattoweren't t ract. a lesser role. 1 wouldn't have exdi pected anything else." large au ence. Nevertheless, he regrette_d holdWH gn C V Confllctlng a ers ing bis tongue about campat ~lndeed that conflict betweén erage by the news media at e Walter cro' nkite the straight-atTOW time of the debates between the presidential candidates. newsman and Walter Cronkite the "Television is not an adequate corporat functionacy is one he bas medium to qua.1.if.::.orm=-=-:th_,,.._,n--=o'-t..:!.ye_t_fu_ll..;;,y_re_so_l_ve_d...._ _ _ __ ad ,, e '-S~Ue ofpubbc U.IM.t /zas been intensil:nd, nk by t,.LU::_ r'-Se ofsensationafism 'J«: •.:0 lle sqys, • • - part~Utar,ry • J l thOSe progranzs • teleV'-SW'! oueradmg a.s new1'-". 1 u During his eight years on the CBS board, the network and its news division have been torn apart by internal conflict, a takeover attemp~ by Ted Turner, a libel suit brought by Gen. William C. Westmoreland and countless executive changes. "lt was very difficult for me, during strike situations, during the takeover situations with Turner," he said, "I did find myself in conflict between the openness I would like, the right of the public to know and the board's responsibility and the necessity to do some business in the dark, if you please. "1 fight against that all my life, against anybody doing the public's business in the dark, and yet, 1 find, now that I'm in it, that there is a necessity to do that to a degree." Something else carne up during the campaign, a/'ié hàs fn almost ry election ear since Cronkite commenced bis very public career: the moves to draft him into polities. He would not deny that he had been tempted, hut he feit it would have been wrong: "1 do sincerely believe that anybody who's been an anchorperson - even eig_ht years after he's been an anchorperson - should not get involved in polities. I've said this all along and the biels to run for office began years ago. And they carne from both parties, incidentally." There was another issue for him, · as well. Was Cronkite ever resentful of all the trust that had been vested in him all those years? "Resentful wouldn't be the word," he said, rolling it around in his mouth. "Appalled, maybe. Somewhat frightened by it. 1 always have been concerned about . the idolatry connected with anchorpeople on television. lt bothers me a -great deal that people would say, 'I believe every word you say.' Heavens, that's terrible for them to think." The issue of public trust bas been intensified, he said, by the rise of ·sensationalism on television - particularly those programs masquerading as news. · He broached that subject in the second of bis recent surprising ubhc .statements, h1s one on Dec. 5, at a dinner in his honor given b the Museum of Broadcasting. Cronkite used the occasion 11 come out strongly against sensationalist television programs particularly those fflat parade 85 news. Referring to that after-dinner speech, he recalled the time when "The CBS Evening News" trailed NBC's "Huntley-Brinkley Report" slightly in the ratings when Cronkite became the CBS anchor in 1962. • Even then, ratings were ve1y much on the minds of the neiworks, and he told the netwoiit bosses that greater numbers were within easy reaeh, simply by "going tabloid." With someone else iri the anchor's chair, of course. "So, this is nothing new," Cronkite said. "What is new is that the outlets are available." His primary concern, he added, was that the popular new tabloid programs could ultimately influence network news broadcasts - a vulnerability drawn in starker relief in this age of corporate ownership of ABC and NBC and a corporate sensibility at CBS. "This will be the test, perhaps, of this generation of owners of. the networks as to their sense of rens1bih •" �The sheds neuirality, speaks out Inore By Jeremy Gerard N,Y. Times News Service N ~ ' . EW YORK - Walter Cronkite had always been more comfortable delivering the news than making it. But sometbing was gnawing at him, and when the opportunity arose one evening not long after George Bush was elected president, Cronkite made a speech in defense of liberal values. It surprised people more than he cou.Id have imagined. Although it'Was nearly nine years since the most welcome house guest in the country, Uncle Walter. Old Iron Pants, the Most Trusted Man in America, had relinquished bis anchor's chair at the ''CBS Evening News," many still seemed to think; as Cronkite put it, that he ought to go on being an "ideological eunuch." Those day~ are over. Not so objective ,1 In recent weeks, a~r years of being the conduit and never the conscie'hce of the news, Cronkite bas begun speaking ou(.on issues that concern him - issues mostly having t.o do with joumalism and polities. At the same time, he has carved out for himself more personal time in a more private life. A renegotiated contract with CBS that pays hun a great deal to do little more than stay away from the other commen:ial networks will allow him time to develop projects and to begin work on a long-overdue autobiography. But don't expect him to drift too far trom the camera's eye or the reporters notebook. Un_packed dlrtons sit outside the door and around the corner from Cronkite's new-Office on the 24th floor of the CBS headquarters at 52nd Street. Inside, in bis shirt sleeves, he sat talking about that speech, about the rise of so-called tabloid television and about his role as a director of CijS. the company he joined in 1950 after 11 years as a re. porter for the United Press. On Nov. 17, he was scheduled to introduce Barbara Jordan toa gathering of People for the American Way, the nonpartisan group founded by the producer Norman Lear in 1980 to focus on constitutional issues. Jordan, a former Texas Congresswoman and one of the Democratie Party's most articu!ate advocates, was the recipient of the organization's annual "Spirit of Liberty" award. Cronkit~, tl!e previous.Y-ea_rs winn~. ~there to pass thé torch. In the fn'St araft of bis .introductory speech, he wrote that he was going to rèSist a temptation. to digress , fn that much•abused subject, liberalism. _ But then he Iooketf'Sf hVApeech. and at those words, and he chan ed his mind. emocratic . ss t e e ection he said.._ ..,....was the fäult Qf tQQ.nmi ~ T u ~ e i r iciK:es stilled by not-SQ•8Y.btle.k 1)1.Qii.cal intimid~on. _ ~ox instance. we know.. that u n i l a t ~ action in Grenada and Ttipoli was wrong. We know that Stru'. Wars means unçontrollable escalatioiiofitïe_~nn race. We know that the real threat JQ.iiemocracy is in half the 11ati9n in po-verty. "We know that Thomas Jefferson was rii)lt \rli.e.n..be said. 'A demöcracy, cannot be both ignorant and free.' We know, we know, that no one .s.twuld teil sb~ tQ..bear an qnwanted .child. We lg}ow th ligj.QUS belie.fs cannQtdefine. patriotism. "We know that it is not how one's ~ are fo nned hut what they say. And we know thêre is f~m.JQ..~_a™-.witn ·all or part of what I_'v_e_ _ just said. "But God almightyJ. we've got to shout these .truthsln which we believe from tlîerooftgps." 1 Gripping conviction That is what C,ronkite said, and sitting in his office as he recalled the speech bis body language was as eloquent as his recollections were awncular. Without noticing it, he gripped the arms ofhis chair as he remembered that night and the events that had inspired him. By the time he finished, bis grip on those arms looked strong enough to crush coat into diamonds. "l was just mad." he said in the famous baritone. ..1 have been mad. Still am." Cronkite sai<i that he bas spoken bis mind throughout bis career, especlally during the years on radio prior to becotning the anchor of the "CBS Evening News." . _ , " .. ~ "Fot my whole life, long bëfore CBS, whèn l was at United Press - and goodness knows, press.service reporters are supposed to be ideological eunuchs if there ever were any. and I made public speeches under the auspices of United Press. All through my llfe, I have never disguised my sentiments about polities in genera!." l Well, maybe he had always registered as an independent so as not to appear partisan. Still, "lib• eralism carne out in almost every -speech in one way or another, on radio.'' . As he continued to talk, however, Cronkite seemed to arrive at bis own understanding of just how significant the Roseland speech had been. " On television, I tried to absolutely hew to the middle of the road and not show any prejudice or bias in any way," he said. r "I did not believe that the public was sophisticat• se/! CRONKITE, C2 �NATIONALSOZIALISTISCHE MILITÄR- UNO ZIVILVERWALTUNG IN DEN EROBERTEN GEBIETEN IM WESTEN ff17·PS 1. Be r 1 c b t (-eet,ehn] 'k über dl• Lage u~d Entwlckluag 1n den beaetzteD u1ederliànd1acben Gebietec Berlcbtazelt 29.llai bie 1,.Jull 1140 , ..t! .'fi .. J48•1i•inu Rridisiadirtj Auftra« und Autgabe lllt der Bestellung 1ua ltelch1kouhaar ht du lui'\rac gegebe11. ln labrung der l11terea1e11 dN lelcbea die Bffectllche Ordn1112g UDd du Dffentltcbe tebe11 etcbern1telle11, u.nd die Au!gabe Terbunden 0 dle au, Cröaden der Erbaltwig der 11ederl1Dd11cb.-llldtscbe11 Geblete UDA'bblllgic su balt•Dll•n llederlande abpsehen TOD den a111tlrtachen S1cherunge w1111ohaftl1ch • ögl tc!lat an du let eb n bladtlll. l)leae Aufgabe lat n u,..... HDD u pltngt, dne po11thcb• 11lleub1ldimg suataadeaubrlJIPD, die 41e w1rtaohaftl1che BlndUIII der llederlande aa du lelch ale Aua!ld dN Willena des D1e4erläncl 1cdlen Volk•• erachetnen 11st. El Uepn konkrete Anhalt.spunkte datllr ~or, daB ISO-teute lil der tJDifor• Diederlïncllseber Soldaten zugunsic der e1Dur1chlerendcn Relchstruppea eiqegrtfteu 'haben. J• ntederläDdlschen polltlachea tebeD sind Persönltchkettea kaua ,orbanden. Au• da GlelcaaB ragt der eimandalebiigjä'hrtge Coltjn benor. Obirohl ln seinen Grundetgenschaften herrtecb IIDd etnsataberett, lat er Tollkoaaen den w1tlerl1cbllberalea AmcbaaUDgeD nrbmaden IIDll ale htonttr Cah1nht tllr Dat10D&l.1oztall1ttaobe Cedankea,lage lTpodwelcher Art ntobt n haNa. Der 1. Bericht aus den Nicdcrlandcn vom Juli 1940, mit dcm Bild von Dr. ScyA-lnquart, dcm Rcidukommissar fûr die bcactztcn Wcstrcbictc. Juli 19~ 1 320 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Adriana B. and Peter N. Termaat collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Termaat, Adriana B. (Schuurman) Termaat, Peter N. Description An account of the resource Collection contains genealogical, personal, and family papers and photographs documenting the lives and interests of Adriana and Peter Termaat. The bulk of the materials are related to family history and genealogical research carried out by the Termaats, including research notes and materials about places in the Netherlands that were significant to the Termaat and Schuurman families, such as the city of Alkmaar. Other materials in the collection are related to the Termaats' experiences on the eve of and during the Second World War, especially the German occupation of the Netherlands and the Termaats' participation in organized resistance to the Nazis. Also included are materials that document the family's post-war life in the United States, including their public efforts to recognize, commemorate, and honor people and events significant to World War II. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1869 - 2012 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/719">Adriana B. and Peter N. Termaat collection, RHC-144</a> Subject The topic of the resource Netherlands Netherlands--History--German occupation, 1940-1945 World War, 1939-1945 World War, 1939-1945 -- Underground movements -- Netherlands Dutch Dutch Americans Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-144 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Text Image Type The nature or genre of the resource application/pdf image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng nl Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-144_Termaat_DOC_Starvation-documentation Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Termaat, Pieter Title A name given to the resource Starvation documentation Description An account of the resource Map of the Netherlands annotated by Pieter Termaat, and notes from Termaat documenting the starvation conditions during the Nazi occupation, and locations of farms visited to acquire food. Subject The topic of the resource Dutch World War, 1939-1945 -- Netherlands World War, 1939-1945--Occupied territories Netherlands--History--German occupation, 1940-1945 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/719">Adriana B. and Peter N. Termaat collection (RHC-144)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng nl Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b557b3802fafec1172b4959088184e93.pdf 28ff84c9c7cf49bd9a019bec047b17f0 PDF Text Text FROM: Citiz«ms fo i' Jose Cha-Cha Jimenez . FOR MORE IHFORMATION: Angela Lind, 549-9457 - Slfm Coleman, 275-4778 FOR IMMEDIA~"E RELEASE JUHE 20, 1974 STATEMENT OF CANDIDACY It is t·ime to flip the coin and look at the other side of Urban Renewal. The huge profits reaped by private developers -- aided by corrupt politicians -have caused nothing but ·misery to Latinos and other poor people. I myself have been a victim of this abuse. Before I finished the .8th .Grade, I was moved over 9 times by these· developers and forced to attend four · different elE!mentary schools, making it difficult to receive any adequate education. Each time I was forced to live in unstable colllllunities filled with drugs. gangs, prostitution and .other crimes. Fortunately I have survived 1n spite of these conditions. However, today I worry for my son and the sons and daughters of Latinos and other poor people. Will they have to grow up in these same wretched conditions? The City Council must assume respons1bil 1ty for these conditions. because that 1s where . responsibfli1~ lies. The city nust abandon its master plan to systematically and callou~ly remove Lat1nc,s and other poor from the· inner-city and other desirable areas of Chicago. If this city is in fact concerned with ridding itself of slums,· ft should then develop massive high quality 1 low-income housing and provide for jobs in the inner city. The answer to eliminating slums is not to relocate them but to provide decent jobs, a decent standard of living and stable neighborhoods. In the late sixties we marched, picketed and demonstrated for these goals. However, . none of the corrupt politicians wanted to listen. As a result we were pushed out a~tafn and have ended up here in the 46th Ward. The 46th Ward 1s unique fn that it i!; primarily made up of people who have been pushed ot,,t of other areas · MORE �STATEMENT OF CANDIDACY (continued) page 2 of the city. For the last 9 months I have been speaking with Latinos, nlacks, tlative Americans, southern white, Asian Americans and Jewish people; I have known many of these people from the struggles on Clark Street and in the Lincoln Park community. We have concluded that we must dev~lop a different approach and continue the struggle. Ho longer must we beg in protest to a deaf aldennan who ignores our concerns. Council. It i's time that we have our own representatives in the City It is time especially for Latinos, who are represented ne1ther in the city nor the state gove"'nmen·c, to take political power. For these reasons we have put together a. coalition of concerned people who J.ra capable of defeating the Daley machine in the 46th Ward. And today I ar.i announcing that I will be a candidate for Alderman in the 46th Ward. Our people deserve a victory and we are supremely confident that this campaign will give them one. Let corrupt politicians work hand in hand with developers -- we're working hand in hand with the people. JOSE CHA-CHA JIMENEZ - 30 - � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Young Lords in Lincoln Park Collection Subject The topic of the resource Young Lords (Organization) Puerto Ricans--United States Civil Rights--United States--History Lincoln Park (Chicago, Ill.) Personal narratives Social justice Community activists--Illinois--Chicago Description An account of the resource Collection of oral history interviews and digitized materials documenting the history of the Young Lords Organization in Lincoln Park, Chicago. Interviews were conducted by Young Lords' founder, José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez, and documents were digitized from Mr. Jiménez' archives. The Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection grows out of the ongoing struggle for fair housing, self-determination, and human rights that was launched by Mr. José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez, founder of the Young Lords Movement. This project is dedicated to documenting the history of the displacement of Puerto Ricans, Mejicanos, other Latinos, and the poor from Lincoln Park, as well as the history of the Young Lords nationwide. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jiménez, José, 1948- Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/491">Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection (RHC-65)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-04-25 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng spa Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-65 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 2012-2017 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-65_1974-06-20_Statement-of-Candidacy Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jiménez, José "Cha-Cha" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974-06-20 Title A name given to the resource Statement of Candidacy Description An account of the resource English statement of candidacy for alderman of Ward 46, Chicago, Illinois. Subject The topic of the resource Young Lords (Organization) Young Lords (Organization) History Puerto Rican Civil rights Puerto Rican Social conditions Chicago (Ill.) Civil rights movements Community activists Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection (RHC-65) Relation A related resource Young Lords in Lincoln Park interviews Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/7e5b43423edead8e3ec02e1e5c5b5811.jpg c197ce01dcf9e8070b4b77c33ea8027a https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0bcb025a8f1f077945c72c71a3e23b1b.jpg 5c3d284c0833c19942ef4dcfb2368fd1 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/1a70b38be11308835404849b25310957.jpg d50e14e407a12e9a46b10dcae5bd8ff1 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/a7879362d54ff98b6538e85145fe625a.jpg d9c977d37057f9dca4359badd244a50b https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/943b640f0afcd8261cc80d6bc34a3526.jpg f80abb5de575ddbe140dde503e1d2e5d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Civil War and Slavery Collection Subject The topic of the resource United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865 Slavery--United States African Americans United States--Politics and government--19th century Description An account of the resource A selection of correspondence, diaries, official documents, photographs related to the American Civil War and to the institution of slavery, collected by Harvey E. Lemmen. The collection includes a selection of documents from ten states related to the ownership of slaves and abolition, correspondence and documents of soldiers who fought in the war and from family members and officials, diaries and letters of individuals, and a collection of mailing envelopes decorated with patriotic imagery. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lemmen, Harvey E. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/472">Civil War and Slavery Collection (RHC-45)<br /></a><a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/470">John Bennitt Diaries and Correspondence (RHC-43)<br /></a><a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/471">Nathan Sargent Papers (RHC-44)<br /></a><a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/478">Theodore Peticolas Diary (RHC-51)<br /></a><a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/476">Civil War Patriotic Envelopes Collection (RHC-51)<br /></a><a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/479">Whitely Read Diary (RHC-52)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1804-1897 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg; application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Image; Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1804-1897 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Stationery with design of sailor holding flag Description An account of the resource Letter to Oscar Tillotson from Edward H. Easton (?) on stationery with design of sailor holding flag. In plain envelope addressed to Oscar Tillotson, stamped and cancelled. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-49_PE162 Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Subject The topic of the resource United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865 Postal service--United States--History Covers (Philatety)--United States--History Patriotic envelopes Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/476">Civil War patriotic envelopes, (RHC-49)</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/dce1b4943b11df3a8285976440419c0a.jpg a56bf0583a33b923a11afc454d59bcc5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_N011-0002 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1973-01-25/1973-01-27 Title A name given to the resource Statue of William Herbert, Oxford, England Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of the statue of William Herbert (1580-1630), the third Earl of Pembroke, located at the entrance of the Bodleian Library within one of the University of Oxford's quadrangles. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Pembroke, William Herbert, Earl of, 1580-1630 Bodleian Library University of Oxford Oxford (England) Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives