806 24 26018 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b2968837b24c87f374690b80745ff4da.jpg 0128c9ede495fbc250a00f9c205acb39 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1960s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000080 Title A name given to the resource President Zumberge at highway construction site Description An account of the resource President James H. Zumberge at the site of the construction site of highway overpass in Grand Rapids area, ca. 1964. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges College presidents Construction Zumberge, James Herbert Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1964 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/7449e44f3cce3a8ad0bedbe8f27b92a9.jpg 4e84b88a7465fa2b765aed1011f338ce Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1960s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000696 Title A name given to the resource President Zumberge handing out diploma at the first commencement Description An account of the resource President Zumberge handing out diploma at the first commencement. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Graduation ceremonies Events Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c5bf85ddf7ce6d582d87d00427e9537d.jpg bf6f17075a4c1ba00e0b2b61d1437037 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1960s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000748 Title A name given to the resource President Zumberge reviewing architects plans for the Collegiate Center (now Seidman House). Description An account of the resource President Zumberge reviewing architects plans for the Collegiate Center (now Seidman House). Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges College administrators Facilities Architectural rendering Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/d745d21af70b4cc32db296dc83553e6f.jpg 4dbae12d418c439205b193b701c8f1cf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1960s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000637 Title A name given to the resource President Zumberge showing enrollment figures to Board members Description An account of the resource President Zumberge showing 1963 student enrollment figures to Board members Arnold Ott, William Seidman, and to Dave Dutcher, the first chairman of the Citizens Council. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges College administrators Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/ea751d86a876c8fa7cdf618a301e6ed1.jpg c40666258914a6b94d9b751f1e8dc2c2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1960s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000695 Title A name given to the resource President Zumberge speaking at the first commencement Description An account of the resource President Zumberge speaking at the first commencement. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Graduation ceremonies Events Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/a523a35290fa4aac63a04ada7539558a.jpg f7ac02c5968443ad4b27f4e1c1274da9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1960s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_001440 Title A name given to the resource President Zumberge touring Oak Ridge Radioisotope Mobile Laboratory during visit to Grand Valley Description An account of the resource President Lubbers tours the Oak Ridge Radioisotope Mobile Laboratory during its visit to Grand Valley. "This new mobile radioisotope laboratory, designed by Oak Ridge Associated Universities, provides faculty members and advanced science majors at undergraduate institutions the opportunity for specialized training in the techniques and applications of radioisotopes. Built at a cost of $75,000, the unit has a counting room and chemistry laboratory, office space, two air conditioning and heating systems, its own water supply and waste retention tanks, and a storage locker for radioisotopes." October 1969. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Grand Valley State College Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities & colleges-Michigan--Allendale Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1969-10 Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/79e652cb92ce5544eab0c7e2f86ac6da.jpg 8adf6792f5e05e92f9fbd2fe87c7b9de Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1960s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000638 Title A name given to the resource President Zumberge with plaque dedicated to the Pioneer students 1963-1967 Description An account of the resource President Zumberge with plaque dedicated to the Pioneer students 1963-1967. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges College administrators Students Signs (Notices) Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/f65e2f33e765f662064514a82ead02b0.jpg 8783645be9d773c549c0ec6c195fe17d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_001029 Title A name given to the resource President Zumberge, Arnold Ott and others review plans to recruit students from community colleges Description An account of the resource President Zumberge, Arnold Ott and others review plans to recruit students from community colleges. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges College administrators Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/040a7aaf1995cece0f411bf31c9ee552.jpg 2e7d8f4703bbcaba379974dd4301a5bf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1960s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000749 Title A name given to the resource President Zumberge, John Russell, John Jamrich, and George Potter Description An account of the resource President Zumberge, John Russell (Russell Report), John Jamrich (Jamrich Report), and George Potter on the steps of Lake Michigan Hall. Russell and Jamrich wrote early studies that led to the establishment of Grand Valley. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges College administrators Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/6c1c2e65b2d35dab75a332320a7a9f98.jpg ab3050a572d92070b9b6ae20f9e4fa3f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1960s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000750 Title A name given to the resource President Zumberge, John Russell, John Jamrich, and George Potter Description An account of the resource President Zumberge, John Russell (Russell Report), John Jamrich (Jamrich Report), and George Potter on the steps of Lake Michigan Hall. Russell and Jamrich wrote early studies that led to the establishment of Grand Valley. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges College administrators Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0fffd70b37a708c2081d38994f966f45.pdf c4233264a9a32b5e0af873b4cd5b55d5 PDF Text Text <)12> FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTAC'l's AMGELA LiltD ,n. 1540 SUNDAY, JANUAl\Y 5, 197S 549-9457 FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE JOSE CHA-CHA JIMENEZ RECEIVES 46th WARD t.P.o. ALDERMAMIC BNDORSEME'N'l' Jose Cha-Cha Jimenez, 46th Ward Aldersnanie candidate, was endoraed today by the 46th Ward I.P.o. (Independent Precinct ~anization}. Jimenez received all votes east., the two opposing candidates who also sought the endoremnent received none. Jimenez addreeeed a crowd of 200 at t.he open House 4520 N. Beacon Street. I.P.o. ffleeting held at Hull In hie presentation Jimenet: said, •.ey stabilizing this ccmmunity, we can give the people political pc,Miltr, stop the rise in crime and organiEe the youth -- our future here -- 110 that they beCOllle preductive citizens in our society.• Jimenez pledged to be a full-time Aldenaan with a full-ti.Me Aldermanic service office. -City services are a right no matter how you vote.• He stresa~d that since June his campaign service staff had taken action on over 4,000 Comlllllflity requests for assistance including public aid, social security, legal, emergency food, medical and housing problems. Other issues that Jimenez stressed and said he would fight for are: l. Monies available through the new Housing and Camnunity Developnent kt should be used, according to federal guidelines, primarily for low and moderate inc~ housing. 2. He outlined programs to protect existing low and moderate income housing including a Landlord Security Deposit ordinance to help assure a quick repair of - MORE - �- 2 - health and safety hazards in apartments. 3. by He emphasized the protection of neighborhoods against monopolization developers like Bill Thompson and Rubloff through such measures as Community Zoning Boards and all out efforts to stop redlining in the Ward. 4. Jimenez called for protection of small landlords, owners of moderate and low incane housing, who are often unduly harassed out of existance by city inspectors and courts while slumlords go virtually untouched, Jimenez• program included special assistance to these small landlor.ds with special assistance in taking advantage of rent subsidy and other programs. s. Jimenez called for a witness protection and immunity program to get to the bottcm of the arson in the area. 6. JimeneE emphasized the fight for programs to keep existing jobs!!!, the city and reattract lost industry. 7. On education: special concern for education in the Ward with stress on hiring more teachers' aides from the communityr closer unity between the Teachers' Union and the community; the establishment of a multi-cultural library in the Ward; and decentralization of the School Board providing more community control. a. Four 111ajor prografflS for senior citizens were outlined, including a Senior Citizens Protection program which is badly needed in the Ward. 9. Programs for police accountability to the camnunity to provide better relations and the develop!llent of programs of employment, community participation and job training for our ycuth were explained. Jimenez, analyzing the incumbent•s weak Mrgin in the last election, noted that he had lost the East side of the Ward (along Lake Shore Drive) and that "his strongholds are now our strongholds. In this COllling election I know for a faet that the machine will not win in the poor white, Black and Latino sections of tbe Ward. with your help - they will not win at all." - MOM! - And �This is a winning carapaign. we•ve registered .' 2, .-00 people to vote, and by January 28th we plan to reach our goal of registering 5,000 people.• described his extensive volunteer precinct structure: Jimenez "We have 951 of our precincts covered, and s01ne with as nia.ny as 10 t~ 12 workers.• After the I.P.o. endorsement was announced, the session ended with a standing ovation and the crowd broke into Jimenez• campaign song, The D!lwning of a - 30 - BACJCGROUNt> INPORMATI01' ATTACHBD New Day. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Young Lords in Lincoln Park Collection Subject The topic of the resource Young Lords (Organization) Puerto Ricans--United States Civil Rights--United States--History Lincoln Park (Chicago, Ill.) Personal narratives Social justice Community activists--Illinois--Chicago Description An account of the resource Collection of oral history interviews and digitized materials documenting the history of the Young Lords Organization in Lincoln Park, Chicago. Interviews were conducted by Young Lords' founder, José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez, and documents were digitized from Mr. Jiménez' archives. The Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection grows out of the ongoing struggle for fair housing, self-determination, and human rights that was launched by Mr. José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez, founder of the Young Lords Movement. This project is dedicated to documenting the history of the displacement of Puerto Ricans, Mejicanos, other Latinos, and the poor from Lincoln Park, as well as the history of the Young Lords nationwide. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jiménez, José, 1948- Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/491">Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection (RHC-65)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-04-25 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng spa Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-65 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 2012-2017 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-65_1975-01-05_aldermanic-press-release Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Citizens for Jose Cha-Cha Jimenez Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1975-01-05 Title A name given to the resource Press Release: Aldermanic Endorsment Description An account of the resource Press release from Citizens for Jose Cha-Cha Jimenez about his endorsement for alderman by the 46th Ward I.P.O. (Independent Precinct Organization). Subject The topic of the resource Young Lords (Organization) Young Lords (Organization) History Puerto Rican Civil rights Puerto Rican Social conditions Chicago (Ill.) Civil rights movements Community activists Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection (RHC-65) Relation A related resource Young Lords in Lincoln Park interviews Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/19e90460385f9fda33caa8f1dcc3fd05.pdf 13d5f4fb605f433ebc09aad8def83f10 PDF Text Text Tuesday, TO I FR.OM: April 9, 1974 ALL PRBSS CONTACTS JOSE JIMENEZ, GENERAL SBCRE'l'ARY YOUNG LORDS ORGANIZATION 93S w. GRACE PRESS CONTACT: ANGELA LIND 549-9457 The Sunday, March 31st edition of the Chicago Tribune quoted me•• saying, "The big dealers are making money .b ut not •embers of the Young Lords, who are selling one or two grau to 11oaeone who coaes in frca the suburbs. It states further that I -- Cha Cha JiNnez as a sort of "local industry," described heroin traffic and that "the police should ignore the puahers." The Y.L.O. has been consistently addressing itself to the problem of drug abuae -- an inseparable problem that i• interwoven with the condition• in which Latinos, Blacks, Native Americans and other poor of this city are subjected to daily. We 1 ve established our office near a drug corner. We•ve met with the Illinois Drug Abuse Pregrams in order to establiah a drug abuse center in the area. We've met with cOllllllunity organizations and individuals to insure cC11111unity participation. youtha thellselves, We've spent long houre working with the and have made substantial pregrees. We've met with Cc.under Rae and Chief Riordan to clarify the problem and explain to them the c01m1unity'a approach to solving it. Together with a broad representation of the camnunity we have also asked that a patrol car be 11tationed at the corner on a 24 hour basis. It is clear that the addictfil and dope pushers are fraa outside of the cc:aaunity. 11tabilization of the cmaunity - We felt that only a a camnunity that has been puahed arourxl �the city five or eix times already -- would correct the problem. Therefore, we have also aaked for an end to police haraaa11ent of cCB111unity people. Today we are filing a 4 million dollar suit against Tribune. It aeMS that they too, hara•• the CClalUnity. with their misquoted Hee, They not only misquoted myself, IIUlber• of the cemaunity. tlM Chicago want to but alao ot:her Thie suit today le being filed, not jut on behalf of the Young Lords Organization, but of Chicago who are in need ot in depth, honest and correct information. NOTB1 also on behalf of the People THE YOUNG LORDS ORGANIZATION IS CALLING FOR A COMMUNITY DBMORSTRATICM AGAINST DRUG ABUSE, AT WIL'l'OH ARD GRACB. POLICE HARABSMBHT AND UltBAM RDBWAL, OIi MAY 4TH, � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Young Lords in Lincoln Park Collection Subject The topic of the resource Young Lords (Organization) Puerto Ricans--United States Civil Rights--United States--History Lincoln Park (Chicago, Ill.) Personal narratives Social justice Community activists--Illinois--Chicago Description An account of the resource Collection of oral history interviews and digitized materials documenting the history of the Young Lords Organization in Lincoln Park, Chicago. Interviews were conducted by Young Lords' founder, José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez, and documents were digitized from Mr. Jiménez' archives. The Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection grows out of the ongoing struggle for fair housing, self-determination, and human rights that was launched by Mr. José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez, founder of the Young Lords Movement. This project is dedicated to documenting the history of the displacement of Puerto Ricans, Mejicanos, other Latinos, and the poor from Lincoln Park, as well as the history of the Young Lords nationwide. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jiménez, José, 1948- Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/491">Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection (RHC-65)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-04-25 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng spa Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-65 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 2012-2017 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-65_1974-04-09_YLO-press-release Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Young Lords Organization Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974-04-09 Title A name given to the resource Press Release: Call for Demonstration Description An account of the resource Untitled press release of the Young Lords Organization, calling for a community demonstration against drug abuse, police harassment and urban renewal. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jiménez, José Subject The topic of the resource Young Lords (Organization) Young Lords (Organization) History Puerto Rican Civil rights Puerto Rican Social conditions Chicago (Ill.) Civil rights movements Community activists Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection (RHC-65) Relation A related resource Young Lords in Lincoln Park interviews Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/028dc5b04218309e8459e8f859222e68.pdf b354166477b4603e9965769e1560e0db PDF Text Text Monday, April 1, 1974 TO: FROM: FR ALL PRESS CONTACTS JOSE JIMENEZ, GENERAL SECRETARY YOUNG LORDS ORGAiHZATIOU 935 W. GRACE PRESS CONTACT: . SLIM COLEt1A1' 275-4778 The Sunday, March 31st edition of the Chicago Tribune quotes me as saying, 11 The big dE~alers are making money but not members of the Youn_g Lords, \<iho are selling one or two grams to someone who comes in from the suburbs. 11 It states further that 1 - Cha Cha Jimenez• described heroin traffic as a sort of "local industry," and that "the police should ignore the pushers." This is more than just an isolated misquotation. The Chigao Tribune has a history of fabricating racist lies against Latinos, Blacks, Native Americans and other poor of this ci~y. The Young Lords Organization has been consistently addressing itself to the problem of drug abuse. In order to effectively deal with the drug problem we moved our headquarters near a 11 drug corner. 11 We• ve met with the Illinois Drug Abuse programs to establish a drug center in the area. We've also met with cormiunity organizations and individuals to insure community participation in solving our own problems. We've spent long hours working with many of the . ' youths themselves and have made substantial progress. We've met with Command- er Rae and Chief Riordan to clarify the problem and explain to them the cor:munity's approach to solving it. Together with a broad representation of the comnunity we have asked that a patrol car be stationed at the corner on a 24 hour bas 1s. Wilton and Grace is not only a drug corner, it is a target area for Latinos who have already been forced from their homes - a .number of times to be r,ushed out again by Urban Renewal. Because of insensitive Police �harassment. carpet-bagging real estate dealers and outside drug dealers, some families have already been pushed out. In dealing with the drug problem the stabilization of the community is the most important factor. Therefore we've also organized a tenants union and are working with concerned landlords to stabilize and upgrade the co11111unity. The Chicago Tribune honors us for all this with a continuation of their abusive 1ies against our people. We cannot forget that the Ttibune, working hand in hand with Hanrahan, set the climate of repression that resulted in many vicious assaults on the oppressed corr111unity and finally the brutal murder of Fred Hampton and Mark Clark. The Young Lords Organization with the aide of several law firms is filing a suit in court against the Chicago Tribune for its slanderous lies. We feel that no oppressed person, especially a Latino, should be caught dead buying the Tribune. :iOTE: THE YOUNG LORDS ORGANIZATION IS CALLI;~G FOR A COMMUNITY DEMQ;1STRATl0il AGAINST DRUG ABUSE, WILTON Arm GRACE. POLICE HARASSMENT NW URBAN RENEWAL, ON MAY 4 TH, AT � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Young Lords in Lincoln Park Collection Subject The topic of the resource Young Lords (Organization) Puerto Ricans--United States Civil Rights--United States--History Lincoln Park (Chicago, Ill.) Personal narratives Social justice Community activists--Illinois--Chicago Description An account of the resource Collection of oral history interviews and digitized materials documenting the history of the Young Lords Organization in Lincoln Park, Chicago. Interviews were conducted by Young Lords' founder, José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez, and documents were digitized from Mr. Jiménez' archives. The Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection grows out of the ongoing struggle for fair housing, self-determination, and human rights that was launched by Mr. José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez, founder of the Young Lords Movement. This project is dedicated to documenting the history of the displacement of Puerto Ricans, Mejicanos, other Latinos, and the poor from Lincoln Park, as well as the history of the Young Lords nationwide. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jiménez, José, 1948- Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/491">Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection (RHC-65)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-04-25 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng spa Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-65 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 2012-2017 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-65_1974-04-01_YLO-press-release Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Young Lords Organization Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974-04-01 Title A name given to the resource Press Release: Drugs Description An account of the resource Untitled press release of the Young Lords Organization, addressing the topic of drug trafficking in in Lincoln Park, Chicago. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jiménez, José Subject The topic of the resource Young Lords (Organization) Young Lords (Organization) History Puerto Rican Civil rights Puerto Rican Social conditions Chicago (Ill.) Civil rights movements Community activists Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection (RHC-65) Relation A related resource Young Lords in Lincoln Park interviews Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/44815d18940306396c758bf10cb1d7ec.pdf af4171d75c6ae044be1367717acb6294 PDF Text Text NOVEMBER 18, 197 4 FROM: Citizens for Jose Cha-Cha Jimenez 1046 w. Wilson Ave. - - Suite 202 FOR FURTHER I1'.'!f'ORMATION PLEASE CONTACT: Angela Lind 549-9457 FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE JOSE JIMENEZ CALLS FOR CITY AND STATE ACTION ON HOUSING CRISIS IN TESTIMONY BEFORE STATE SPANISH SPEAKING STUDY COMMISSION J ose Cha-Cha J i menez, Aldermanic candidate in the 46th ward, present ed today to the State's Spanish Speaking Peoples Study commission a series of recommendations for immediate action by state and city government to help stabilize communities throughout Chicago which are currently facing a major housing crisis. Tl:ie two strongest recommenda- tions called for careful monitoring and immediate action to insure that the millions of newly released federal Housing and Community Developnent Act dollars flowing into the city and state actually be used for low and moderate income housing. Also outlined was a new City Council ordinance which would require that landlords place security deposits with the city to be used for emergency repair of serious health and safety hazards. In an interview after his tes t imony, Jimenez emphasized that over 40 million dollars ( only a first i nstallment) is corning into the city right away. Documenting the city's past practices of using federal dollars to reloca te slums instead of rehabilit ating them, Jimenez demanded full citizen participation in planning how the new money will be spent. He warned that without strong action by the City Council and state government Chicagoans will be faced by another decade of deteriorating and unstable neighborhoods. "Just last year, in 1973, twice as many housing Ltnits were destroyed as were built here in the city of Chicago. many of those new units were luxury apartments. M () R F. And Where is the low and �page 2 moderate income housing?" In another important recommendation to the Commission. Jimenez testified ''We have an enormous problem in this city of serious safety and health hazards in apartment buildings which the city is all too often powerless to correct. To help eliminate these dangers, I am proposing a City Council ordinance that would require landlords to deposit funds with the city as security to be used for emergency repairs in cases when owners do not take prompt action to correct these conditions on their own. This ordinance is designed to remove major safety violations and help control the further deterioration of so many of our homes." Interest less a small administrative fee would be returned to the landlords on their security deposits of $100 per unit with a maximum limit of $20,000 per owner. Jimenez urged the Commission to devise comparabie legislation at the state level. He also asked the Commission to support local efforts for citizen control of zoning --land use-- such as the Community Zoning Board Ordinance now before the City Council. And he pointed to Rep. Joe Lundy's House Bill 1345 now pending in Springfield as an important step in safeguarding the interests of the majority of urban residents who are apartment renters. Jimenez' recommendations came after a vivid description of the history of the Latino community's long struggle for decent housing and stable neighborhoods. ''We must be allowed to contribute ideas and participate actively at every level of government •••• we desperately need and want stable communities." 30 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Young Lords in Lincoln Park Collection Subject The topic of the resource Young Lords (Organization) Puerto Ricans--United States Civil Rights--United States--History Lincoln Park (Chicago, Ill.) Personal narratives Social justice Community activists--Illinois--Chicago Description An account of the resource Collection of oral history interviews and digitized materials documenting the history of the Young Lords Organization in Lincoln Park, Chicago. Interviews were conducted by Young Lords' founder, José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez, and documents were digitized from Mr. Jiménez' archives. The Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection grows out of the ongoing struggle for fair housing, self-determination, and human rights that was launched by Mr. José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez, founder of the Young Lords Movement. This project is dedicated to documenting the history of the displacement of Puerto Ricans, Mejicanos, other Latinos, and the poor from Lincoln Park, as well as the history of the Young Lords nationwide. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jiménez, José, 1948- Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/491">Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection (RHC-65)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-04-25 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng spa Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-65 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 2012-2017 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-65_1975-11-18_aldermanic-press-release Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Citizens for Jose Cha-Cha Jimenez Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1975-11-18 Title A name given to the resource Press Release: Housing Crisis Description An account of the resource "Jose Jimenez calls for city and state action on housing crisis in testimony before State Spanish Speaking Study Commission," press release of Citizens for Jose Cha-Cha Jimenez. Subject The topic of the resource Young Lords (Organization) Young Lords (Organization) History Puerto Rican Civil rights Puerto Rican Social conditions Chicago (Ill.) Civil rights movements Community activists Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection (RHC-65) Relation A related resource Young Lords in Lincoln Park interviews Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4977b1b71334603defeba7b7f4781c31.pdf c6cccff60947cecc15fdb3bfbac8ddf8 PDF Text Text FRCM: JANUARY 29, 1974 THE YOUNG LORDS ORGANIZATION THE CAM PAIGN FOR COMMUNITY CONTROL FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTACT: Slim Coleman 549•8626 FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS URGE IMMEDIATE END OF POLICE HARASSMENT OF MRS. GLAOYS MERCADO .Jose Cha ~cha Jimenez, General Secretary of the Young lords Organization, released the f ollowi no statement to the press today documenting police harassment of a pr egnant Ia tin o woman, Mrs. Gladys Mercado, and calling for an immediate end to t hese acts for tbe protect i on of Mrs,· Mercado and her child. Gladys Mercado's h.ome ., 93~ w. Grace, has been raided three times within a six week peri od b v t he Chicago Police Department. F.ach time police have used force to et~ter her holl'.e a.nd each time they have barged in with no visible warrant nor authoriza tion from a ·h,dge. Though the door has been broken down illegally, noth ing i llaqal has bee n d i !'!covered in t he apartment and no arrests were made. 'l'he Campaign for Comn1uni ty Control and the Young Lords Organization are conce:ned wi t h Mr s . Mercado's health. She is eight months pregnant, has been t a ken to eme r qe r q• rooms of two different hospitals immediately following each r a id, ha s ha f! he:r. ba ck inju red when police pushed in her door, and has been told by her obste - t:r :i. c ian that anymore excitement would cause her to lose her child. She has placed a formal complai r.t wi th the Internal Affairs Di vision of the Police Department but later becau.se. of f ear of more harrasstr.ent she decided to withdraw the complaint. We a re a s king all concerned people to demand that the police harrassme nt o f Mrs . Mercado STOP i mmediately. Because of her medical condition, this is an e mergency. In the near f u t ure, f urther legal action wi l l be taken in respect to these obvious vtolatior:s of he r civil and human rights. The l i fe of Mrs . Marci!ldo and her child at the r-resent time, depend on whether or not there is continued harrassment by t:-ie Chicaqo 1:-olice Departme nt. - 30 - � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Young Lords in Lincoln Park Collection Subject The topic of the resource Young Lords (Organization) Puerto Ricans--United States Civil Rights--United States--History Lincoln Park (Chicago, Ill.) Personal narratives Social justice Community activists--Illinois--Chicago Description An account of the resource Collection of oral history interviews and digitized materials documenting the history of the Young Lords Organization in Lincoln Park, Chicago. Interviews were conducted by Young Lords' founder, José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez, and documents were digitized from Mr. Jiménez' archives. The Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection grows out of the ongoing struggle for fair housing, self-determination, and human rights that was launched by Mr. José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez, founder of the Young Lords Movement. This project is dedicated to documenting the history of the displacement of Puerto Ricans, Mejicanos, other Latinos, and the poor from Lincoln Park, as well as the history of the Young Lords nationwide. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jiménez, José, 1948- Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/491">Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection (RHC-65)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-04-25 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng spa Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-65 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 2012-2017 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-65_1974-01-29_YLO-press-release Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Young Lords Organization Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974-01-29 Title A name given to the resource Press Release: Police Harassment of Gladys Mercado Description An account of the resource "Community Organizations Urge Immediate End of Police Harassment of Mrs. Gladys Mercado," press release of the Young Lords Organization. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jiménez, José Campaign for Community Control Subject The topic of the resource Young Lords (Organization) Young Lords (Organization) History Puerto Rican Civil rights Puerto Rican Social conditions Chicago (Ill.) Civil rights movements Community activists Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection (RHC-65) Relation A related resource Young Lords in Lincoln Park interviews Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/26d966ab0e1405d724c3e34754d26422.pdf 55895b329dc97db460561b5edaf439f4 PDF Text Text FR0:1: VOU I~ LORDS ORG.1\.JIZATIO:I and THE cA·1PAI~.: FC)R Cl) 1 r'.u IITY C~'.ITP.OL c/o 1~56 LJ. Lawrence St, Chica~o. Illinois F'JR ~ORE I:ffOR"1ATIO.'I: FE3RUA~Y 14 1 1~74 :i49-3620 1 Slim Colenan FO~ I -1'1EDIATE RELEf..SE CO'!lU.HTY GrOUPS Cl.LL 0.1 B0ARD OF ELECTIC;ls TQ CHA.IGE 1/QTER RE~ISTRATIGa LIJC,\TI0"1S 'IHICH ARE IiJAPPRIJPP.IATE A,W IdTI'1IDATE VOTERS Jose (Cha Cha) Ji"1enez. General Secretar, i of t:1c Youn'.'.) Lords Organiza1 tion, releaserl a state~ent fron cofllTlunitv organizations today including the taxt o-F a letter to t:ie haad of the Chicaflo Board of Election Commissioners. John T~e letter calls on Hanl•y to take ~hatever ste'1S are necessarv to chan"'e Hanl1y. nine (J) locations in t·,e 4Ctr1 •:1ar.-~ -t:or the February 19t~ nrecinct voter reqistratfon. "'!e es-,eciallv O:J,iect to locations in transient '1otels ~nd anartrients ~f,~re there are large nunoers o-t: rien and ~,hie~ often sr.iell o-F urine and wine." the· letter states. The atmosnhere in these sites is very inti'"lidatina for ootent1a1 voters -- esr,eci ally for ·1omen in our comuni ty. 1 L-Je believe t'.nt these orecinct re!Jistration ~laces should be chanqed. First choice should be ou!>lic ':>uildinns -- schools, fire stations, etc. !lhen pu!:>11c bu1ldinqs are unavailable, sites s:10uld ba ones t:,at the co111T1un1t~, 1s fa!TI111 ar vii th and co:nforta3 le in -- such as church centers and kno'lm p1aces of business. T,e letter lists alternate sites for t'.1e nine objectionable locations .. It is t!le Chicago Board of Election Cor.1T1issioners' res!)onsibilfty to choose ne1gh!:>or!,ood ref)istrat1on sites, '•le have called on ·1r. Hanlty to do everv- th1nn "Osst!::>le to insure that t:,ese r~iistrat1on sites are chanqed to a nleasant atmos,:,hera. ·,e have visited ·:1it'.1 1 called, and nm·, 11ritten to .Ir. aanl1y. ~/e hooe that he res"'onds oositivel_,,. The Younn Lords IJrC'!anization and the Can'lafon for Co111nUnity Control ilave !:>een work1nq on a comun1tv voter reaistration drive and registered over 2,'.JOO r,eoi,le from the la.!est reC'listration areas in the 4Gth ·lard. T'.1e 46th '.lard 1n U1'tO\'m has one of the 10',.,est rates of voter reoistration in Chicago. Aporox1mately io.1,0 neoole 1n the ~ard are not reo1stered to vote. �- .... co·r~u~HTY GROUPS URGE --HA:iL1Y II} CHAilSE 0BJECT10HABLE 1U:'.~I~ I!3-ffl'!m 'SITES-(cont),;2. In fact, in over one third (1/3) ' of the ward less than 51% of the eli"ible voters are re('istered. rore than one '1alf of In areas ,.,;,;~, have t'1e lar ... est concentrations of Latinos, t:,,. eligible vot~rs are not reriistercri. In only 11 of the ··,ard's""r~cincts are :1ore t'.ian 75 ,..~rcent of t'ie elini~le voters actual1 1, re('listered. Thev are in "better of~" L~ke S'iore areas. It is 3lack Latin, Indian and r,oor •t'.11tes •,ho are oresantly ~,eluded fron votinn. '.!e've O)served '1an•, ln\'I in our . oostacles that kce" 1/0ter reflistration . CO'T1Munit1es, Ji"lenez continue 1. T•e t1Me and ex~ense to r,oor nco~le of l"IOing do 1n1 tm·m to renister; t:1e lack of neinhborl'lood rer.iistration sites Ol)en t'.1rou(!hout t:ie year; and the lack of S0anis'1 9.,eakino 111orkers at voter re,,i,;trat1on sites !!hen ·,,e do have N:"inh!:>orhood re~istration. the Board of Elections must insure t:1at the sites t~e~selves do not discoura"e r.,any frOl'l registerin~. '1eam,hile, he said, •.,e ur'Je all to rcriister to vote on Tuesday, February 19th at their neiohbor:,ooc r~tiistration lllace Ba.m.-JrJ.m. Beinri re'listered to vote 1s a key to oaininrr more corriunity "ower. FOLL'NI:Jr, IS THE FULL TEXT !)F THE LETTER TO H.a;1LEY IllCLUOLIS A LIST OF ,IINE 08JECTirl:IABL£ LOC/\TIOrJS A,'I;) ALTER lATES FOn THE'.' I.I THE 4Gt:, l/ARD. T~: '.1r. John Hanl,y, Chaiman 9oard of Election Comissioners, Rm.318 1 City Hall De!r !r. Hanl1y 1 '~e <liscussed with you fo Decemer and also earlier this mnt~ tl1e oro!.>ler, of locations for voter ret"'istration in the 46th '!ard ·:1hich ,.,e feel are very 1nanor,,~r1ate an~ intiMidatint"' to ryotential voters. :~e believe that reC'istrat1on sit"'c; s:iould !:>e in rrnhlic buildin11s -- sc~ools, fire stations, etc. if at all "ossible. I.t' not, locations ~,:1ic~ are i-1el1 kno~,n 1n the COl'!IT!Unity and have a :,ealthy atoosii:,ere should ~e used. We esnec1al1v o~.1ect to locations in transient hotels and al'JartMents where there are large nur,bers of men and ,.'hich oftan smell of urine and ~·:ine. This is objectionable for all -- but csr,ecially for woMen in ~ur co"T.lunity. 1 '·fe feel t~at the oroblen o~ reqistration sites s'.1ould ~c investiQated innediately and al')r,roDriate ne"' sites -Found. The folloi.-,ino nine (:)) locations in the tl6t:1 '-Jard are esnecially bad. ''e suorrest alternatives for e;ic:,. '1 0 R E �LETTER TO HfJLIY (cont.) CU~RE'.ff LOCJ\TIO"l 1. SUGfiESTED AL TE11:I/\TIVE 8th Precinct, nt)•., at J4'J 'J. Gordon Terrace, a '1alf •r!av :,ouse Pa 1aci o Theatre. 414') .l. Sh~ri Jan; , 1e 11 kno1::n in t:,e co'Tlunity, ~ood facilities * 2. 9th Precinct, 4223 I. KenMore 1 the Kenrore :anor A~ts •• transie•t. niostly r.iale 3. St. ··ary of t'.1e L~ke, 4230 :l. S'.iaridan. ·.,ell knO',tn in the C0!'?"1Un i t•1 ey 12th Precinct, 3834 .I. Sheffield, the Gree 1 Schoo1 • 3SJ5 iJ. Sheffield I a ~u~lic building across streot from current site. Carlos Hotel. transient 4. l:Jth Precinct. 3838 .J. Broa<1way. c,ateau Hotel. transient * Christian Fell0',1s'.1in Church Centar, 91a 1·1. Sheridan, uell knovm f1 Jetter atMOs"here 5. 26th Precinct. 1124 '!. ''ilson the 'lilson Club 'en's Mote 1. dark. s"!E! 11 s of urine anc! Hine * Fi re station, 1210 \1. 'lil son, nu~lic ~uildina, 1/2 block fror, current site 5. 37th Precinct, 927 ·r. Ja:dn, anarti,ient buildin~. dark * Christian Fellows'.11'> Church 91 'J '·I. Sh~ri dan. we 11 knO\m 7. 41st ~rec1nct 1 12,7 ·1. Leland Leland Hotel * Fire Station, 12'J'l ·1. 'lilson ~ubl1c building in nrecinct The Board of Elections had listed the fire station as a re~istratioh olace in January 1974, 'le can't understand v1hy it should be chan,,e~ !lack to the hotel, 8, 51th Precinct, 45'J1 ii, ·:alden 1 ar,artnent buildinn J. 53rd Precinct, 4M4 J, Sheridan The Seville A~t., transient Stoc~too 'S~bQ~ Sc~ool, 4423 H. 1agnolia, ~ublic building * St. '1ary of the Lake Sc:1001 42'Y> · i. !(enMore {*the Board has cOMbine1 other nrecincts like 21 ~ 51 in Lakeview Hiflh School) All of these alternate sites are in the nrecinct or uit'1in one block.. We have selected r,ublic ~uildinfls v,henever ~ossible as t/lis is convenient and saves t:,e taxr,a'!ers r.ioney for tental fees. './e urnentlv request that vou take v1:1ataver ste"s are necessar 1/ to cilan(Je sites '!lhich are intir,idat1nc, to the comunitv for the Feb. l'.Jt'.1 nrecinct rer.listration antl all future activities. · · S1ncerelv, cc: {srr.:JED Jose Ji:o1enez for t:1e Younq Lords Oroanization and Slim Cole~n for the Car.maion for Co!'"!Tlunity Control) to Chica"o nress - 3:l - � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Young Lords in Lincoln Park Collection Subject The topic of the resource Young Lords (Organization) Puerto Ricans--United States Civil Rights--United States--History Lincoln Park (Chicago, Ill.) Personal narratives Social justice Community activists--Illinois--Chicago Description An account of the resource Collection of oral history interviews and digitized materials documenting the history of the Young Lords Organization in Lincoln Park, Chicago. Interviews were conducted by Young Lords' founder, José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez, and documents were digitized from Mr. Jiménez' archives. The Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection grows out of the ongoing struggle for fair housing, self-determination, and human rights that was launched by Mr. José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez, founder of the Young Lords Movement. This project is dedicated to documenting the history of the displacement of Puerto Ricans, Mejicanos, other Latinos, and the poor from Lincoln Park, as well as the history of the Young Lords nationwide. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jiménez, José, 1948- Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/491">Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection (RHC-65)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-04-25 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng spa Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-65 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 2012-2017 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-65_1974-02-14_YLO-press-release Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Young Lords Organization Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974-02-14 Title A name given to the resource Press Release: Voter Intimidation Description An account of the resource "Community Groups Call on Board of Elections to Change Voter Registration Locations which are Inappropriate and Intimidate Voters," press release of the Young Lords Organization. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jiménez, José Campaign for Community Control Subject The topic of the resource Young Lords (Organization) Young Lords (Organization) History Puerto Rican Civil rights Puerto Rican Social conditions Chicago (Ill.) Civil rights movements Community activists Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection (RHC-65) Relation A related resource Young Lords in Lincoln Park interviews Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b87e18557d22a541a3e52951b34f0733.m4v 31e6b8e68bc7292f8a60459fb15b59ca https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/ec455675dcba65513dcd5626d7b572b8.pdf 8f801d5171ce1546e4584e64fc35a9a7 PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans’ History Project Charles Press World War II 58 minutes 52 seconds (00:00:10) Early Life -Born in St. Louis, Missouri, on September 12, 1922 -Father was a minister and edited a church newspaper -Had relatives live with them for three years during the Great Depression -Father brought in enough money to support two families -Graduated from high school in January 1940 -Largest high school in St. Louis at the time -Strictly segregated -Attended Elmhurst College in Illinois -Primary college for the Evangelical & Reformed Church -One uncle was the head of the seminary and another negotiated the merger of the sects -Now known as the United Church of Christ (00:03:24) Start of the War & Getting Drafted -He was at Elmhurst College when Pearl Harbor was attacked -Got the news in the afternoon -Remembers it being quiet, and dim at dinnertime -Thought the war would only last two years -Most young men knew they’d either get drafted or enlist -At first, he was considered for “limited service” due to a lazy right eye -During his time at Elmhurst, he was the editor of a college newspaper -Wrote editorials about the war before the United States entered it -Followed the fighting in Europe and Asia -Some students enlisted after the attack on Pearl Harbor -Remembers one seminary student enlisting -Got a draft notice for the Army and reported to Jefferson Barracks, Missouri (00:07:19) Basic Training -Remembers doing a lot of marching during basic training, and his unit got pretty good at it -Mixture of recruits from all over the country -Helped collect personal information from recruits that were illiterate -There were a lot of men from the Ozarks -Stayed away from the drill sergeants and never had trouble with them -Reported for basic training in 1943 (00:10:07) Assignment to Army Air Force & Stationed in St. Louis -Transferred to the Army Air Force -He was assigned to a headquarters unit for a larger medical unit, based in St. Louis -This headquarters unit oversaw units scattered across the Midwest �-Stayed with them for three or four months -He mostly handled changing out old medical regulations for new regulations -Colonel in charge of the headquarters was a flight surgeon -Worked in an administrative capacity -Felt uneasy and guilty serving in his own hometown -Wanted to go out and do something -Sergeant advised him against it, but he persisted (00:13:05) Training at Chanute Field -Took a mathematics test -If you passed the test, you’d go into one field: cryptography or meteorology -He passed and was selected for training at Chanute Field -Received his meteorology training at Chanute -More relaxed than basic training -Due to the social environment and the trainees being college draftees -Learned how to estimate cloud height and distances in fog for bomber pilots -Received in depth instruction on dew point, temperature, and transmission of data -Used a special communication tool to share meteorological information with other bases -Trained at Chanute for two or three months (00:18:25) Stationed at Harding Army Air Field -Sent to Harding Army Air Field near Baton Rouge, Louisiana -Baton Rouge was crowded with servicemen -Meant the community wasn’t always hospitable -Sometimes played golf and went out to eat in the city -Always rained in the afternoon -Helped him decide he wouldn’t want to live in the South because of the climate (00:20:53) Deployment to the Pacific Theatre -Sent to Salt Lake City for a brief time then to Seattle -Boarded a ship in Seattle with no naval escorts or other defenses -Thought they were going to Alaska until heard Hawaiian music on the radio -Slept on the deck of the ship -Sailed over on a Victory Ship -Tightly packed -Used saltwater for showers, but had freshwater for drinking -Stopped at Hawaii and was stationed at Hickam Field for a week (00:22:57) Stationed on Saipan Pt. 1 -*Note: Based on information later in the interview, he most likely arrived in September 1944 -Flew to Saipan in a cargo plane -There were still Japanese troops hiding on the island when he arrived -They hid in the hills -During one instance, his tent mate accepted the surrender of a Japanese soldier -When he arrived, there were still debris and abandoned materials scattered all over the island (00:23:46) Enemy Contact Pt. 1 -Japanese aircraft from Iwo Jima raided nearby Pagan Island �-Destroyed a handful of B-29s (00:24:14) Stationed on Saipan Pt. 2 -Part of a small outfit of 14 men and they moved around the island -Worked with a land-based Navy unit, and an all-black unit -The black soldiers knew how to make Spam taste better with various spices -Saw ships bound for Iwo Jima during the invasion in February 1945 -Always thought they would accompany other invasions like Palau or Okinawa -Monitored the weather on Saipan and gathered more data from pilots -Compiled the information and turned it over to forecasters -Tyrone Power, a movie star, was on Saipan one time when Charles was stationed there -Managed to get some butter and popcorn one time -Got sick from it because his stomach wasn’t used to rich food like that (00:29:03) End of the War -After the war ended, he just collected his points and waited to be sent home -*Note: Points were assigned based on rank, length of service, dependents, and combat -Remembers ships going to San Francisco for Navy Day on October 27, 1945 -One man in his unit was a photographer and developed aerial pictures for pilots -A crewman asked for a picture to be developed of Nagasaki after the bombing -Charles got a copy and later donated the original to the Truman Library (00:32:04) Enemy Contact Pt. 2 -One night, a returning B-29 failed to signal and he thought it was a Japanese troop carrier -Feared Japanese paratroopers would be dropped on the island -Had a contingent of Marines to help defend against airborne attacks -Once American forces took Iwo Jima, Japanese air raids ceased -There were Black Widow aircraft defending the island from Japanese aircraft -Black Widows were night fighters and precursor to stealth fighters -Remembers watching antiaircraft crews trying to shoot down Japanese aircraft -Remembers jumping into a dugout when Japanese aircraft strafed the island -Always stayed aware of potential hiding places (00:34:30) Stationed on Saipan Pt. 3 -Drove around the island with almost total freedom -There was only one route through the island that was closed -Had free gasoline and access to jeeps -Saw a lot of aircraft crashes on the island during his time stationed there -Spent a lot of time doing nothing and waiting for the war to end -Traded beer for supplies -One sought after item was a funnel to collect water from tents -Had a powerful storm blow through and in that storm he lost his tent -He was driving his jeep and got stuck in a ditch during the storm -A passing truck towed him out of the ditch and sent him on his way -Always remembered that tremendous sense of camaraderie (00:38:07) End of Service & Coming Home -Left Saipan in early December 1945 �-There was a rumor they were to be discharged at Goldsboro, North Carolina -This was so that a certain general could retain his rank -There was a rush of men trying to get out of the military at the same time -Offered a chance to reenlist or join the Reserves, but he declined -Discharged at Goldsboro -Went there via troop train -No dining car -Troops jumped off the train at towns to get something to eat -Stopped in Chicago for eight hours -Remembers passing through Nebraska -Salesmen were selling candy bars for 25 cents each -At the time, one candy bar cost, on average, 5 cents -Felt the demobilization of the military was disorganized and rushed -Had gone from Saipan to San Francisco -Discharged on December 17, 1945 (00:43:00) Life after the War -Wanted to visit some famous jazz clubs in New York, but wanted to go home for Christmas -Returned to college at University of Missouri -Studied there for two years -Hitchhiked to Oregon and worked for a newspaper as a printer for a year -Moved to Chicago -Attended the University of Minnesota to study political science -Had met his wife in Chicago, so she was with him there and they started a family -Got a job at North Dakota State University and taught therefor two years -Met someone from Michigan State University -Offered a job to conduct a metropolitan area study -Spent a year teaching in Wisconsin then got called by Michigan State for a job -He had obtained his doctorate in Minnesota -Settled in at MSU -Taught courses on state government and federalism -Eventually became the department chair -Stayed at MSU until he retired -Started the London and Australia foreign study programs -Worked in conjunction with University of New South Wales -Did six trips to Australia -Wife had worked as a school social worker with mentally handicapped children -Bought a cottage on Lake Michigan paid for with profits he made from textbooks he wrote (00:52:45) Reflections on Service -Made him skeptical about the worship of the Army -Effective, but inefficient organization due to its size and duties -For example, he saw tremendous amount of waste in the Army -Admires the soldiers, but not the management of the soldiers -He disliked the inherent hierarchy of the Army �(00:55:04) Reflections on War -Experienced some antiwar marches at Michigan State -Remembers one graduate student came with the intent of being a protest organizer -Thought President Johnson would have been a realist with the Vietnam War -Disappointed that Johnson didn’t know when it was time to quit -Supported the war at its beginning, but in retrospect believes it was a wrong war -Supported the Korean War -He was skeptical about the Iraq War and is inclined to say he didn’t support it � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27_PressC2087V Title A name given to the resource Press, Charles (Interview outline and video), 2017 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-01-04 Description An account of the resource Charles Press was born in St. Louis, Missouri, on September 12, 1922. He was drafted in 1943 and received his basic training at Jefferson Barracks, Missouri. He was then transferred to the Army Air Force and was part of a medical unit's headquarters in St. Louis where he helped with administrative duties. After three (or four) months, he took a test and qualified for Meteorology Training at Chanute Field, Illinois. That training lasted two months and he was assigned to Harding Field, Louisiana, where he was stationed for four (or five) months gathering meteorological data and sharing it with other fields in the United States. In September 1944, he was deployed to Saipan, and stayed on the island gathering meteorological information to assist forecasters in planning missions for aircraft. He left Saipan in early December 1945, and was discharged in Goldsboro, North Carolina, on December 17, 1945. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Press, Charles Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Veterans Video recordings World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American United States. Army Air Corps Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project collection, (RHC-27)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries. Allendale, Michigan Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/x-m4v application/pdf https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/afe1e921c52be04bdb0fee24889e9535.jpg a94d4582fb3fb1455f25833a986c4eaf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PrestonJoseph_Photo Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Preston, Joseph Description An account of the resource Joseph Preston, History Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College teachers Universities and colleges – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/995cc3c174c553d4b2ddccd3ee27463b.jpg 388aac42be8bb1242931aaeeeea7ed6c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PrestonJoseph_Photo1 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Preston, Joseph Description An account of the resource Joseph Preston, History Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College teachers Universities and colleges – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/d6c258643cad33815078596a64951109.jpg ac4b9a02a01f9eba2d4d75b27c4025a5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PrestonJoseph_Photo2 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Preston, Joseph Description An account of the resource Joseph Preston, History Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College teachers Universities and colleges – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/9a4a62fab657c78408cce9528b216752.jpg 72e47678bc758e1f672acc347bd661b4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Naval Recognition Training Slides Subject The topic of the resource Slides Military education Airplanes, Military--Recognition Warships--Recognition World War, 1939-1945 Description An account of the resource Slides developed during World War II as a training tool, for top-side battle-station personnel on board ship and for all aircraft personnel, by the US Navy. In 1942 a Recognition School was established by the Navy at Ohio State University where the method of identification was developed. In 1943 the school was taken over by the US Navy. The importance of training in visual recognition of ships and aircraft became even more evident during World War II. Mistakes resulting in costly errors and loss of life led to an increased emphasis on recognition as a vital skill. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource United States. Navy Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides (RHC-50)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-04-04 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-50 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1943-1953 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="http://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides, RHC-50</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-50_X1500 Title A name given to the resource Prestonian Canadian PF (patrol escort) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource United States. Navy Description An account of the resource Prestonian Canadian PF (patrol escort), March 1, 1955. Subject The topic of the resource United States. Navy Military education World War, 1939-1945 Slides Warships--Recognition Canada Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Naval recognition slides (RHC-50) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1955-03-01 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/cc56da15f9ff882d719880c21553bb9a.jpg 30340d0fc6fb6cb5e01b1626d3dbe395 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PriceBerthold Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Price, Berthold Description An account of the resource Berthold Price, Student Services Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College administrators Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c91f1433111ee142666bebd638ca0410.mp4 63f22dbb0d2e65bb82beae58fc8c5bd8 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/8afb8f2bbac229841f5d58b2cb761d6a.pdf b200665dc5c30817f5a103ebd076cda4 PDF Text Text ORAL HISTORY INTERVIEW JULIE PRICE Born: September 6, 1952 in Stanwood, Michigan Resides: Grandville, Michigan Interviewed by: James Smither PhD, GVSU Veterans History Project Transcribed by: Claire Herhold, January 22, 2013 Interviewer: Can you start by telling us just a little bit about yourself? To begin with, where and when were you born? I was born on September 6, 1952 in Stanwood, Michigan. It’s a small town south of Big Rapids. I was the third daughter and I had two older sisters, and I had a quite a bit younger brother. Interviewer: Did you grow up in Stanwood or did you move somewhere else? No, when I was about three months old, Mom and Dad and my sisters and I moved to Rockford, to a small farm just by Myers Lake, in Rockford. And then we moved a few years after that, we moved down the road to another small farm and we stayed there until I was seven, and then we moved into town in Rockford. Interviewer: Was your father trying to make it as a farmer or was the farm kind of a side thing? 1:02 No, it was kind of a side thing. My dad worked for soil conservation for like eighteen years and when he got out of the military he went to school for that. I think it was a two or three year program. I’m not sure how long it was. But, we lived on the farm and he did that as a side thing, but when I was growing up he worked for soil conservation. Interviewer: Did you attend high school in Rockford then? Yes, I went kindergarten through twelfth grade in Rockford. Interviewer: Did you then enlist in the military shortly after graduating from high school? �Well, I had to wait until I was eighteen. In those days, girls, I believe the rule for the Air Force anyway was, girls needed to have their parents’ signature until they were 21, and boys could enlist at seventeen with their parents’ signature and after they turned eighteen I don’t believe they needed that signature. So again, we were treated differently than the males were. 2:01 I enlisted, I’d been talking about going into the service ever since I was about in first grade. I had two older sisters and my oldest sister wanted to be a teacher and my other sister wanted to get married and have a family. You’ve got to keep in mind, I was growing up in the ‘50s and ‘60s and there weren’t a lot of options for girls. Either you went to school to become a teacher or you got married and you had a family. And I looked at both those options and I’m thinking, I don’t want to do either one of those. I figured I’d had enough school for a while. It’s not that I didn’t want to go to college. I did, but not right out of high school. And I definitely didn’t want to get married out of high school. So I took all the tests and I talked to the recruiters when I was seventeen, the summer after I graduated. And I had all the tests taken, and when I turned eighteen, I signed the papers and I left for basic training toward the end of October, 1970. Interviewer: Did you have…you mentioned, your father had been in the military. 3:04 My father had been in the Army during World War II. He served in the African campaign and the Italian campaign. My oldest sister was born when Dad was still in the military, and he was back stateside, and he was working as an ambulance driver at the army post down in Battle Creek, Michigan. And my oldest sister was born at, I think it was Percy Hospital or something, down in Battle Creek. Interviewer: I think it was Percy-something [Jones] Hospital, or whatever. What did your family think about the prospect of you enlisting? �My dad was all for it, and so was my mother. Now, there were a lot of people in Rockford that would stop my mom or dad on the street and they would question how they could let their daughter, you know, go in the service because there’s only one type of girl that went in the military. My mom, on many occasions, gave them a good talking to. 4:03 And she said, “Julie is Julie. I don’t care if she goes to college, she has a job, or she goes in the military. It’s not going to change her.” That was a fallacy that so many people had. Either you were looking for a husband or you weren’t the nicest type of girl, you know. Or you were a lesbian. It was like, I didn’t fit any of those, you know, criteria. I had always been pulled toward the military since I was in first grade. Interviewer: Do you have any idea where that feeling came from or what was it about it that appealed to you? I think it was because, having two older sisters and one was set on one thing and the other was set on something else, I was always a combination of both of them. And I could kind of see the mistakes that they had made or things that they had done that I didn’t want to do. And I loved watching the old movies, you know, with Esther Williams, and I thought, this sounds fun. 5:01 Growing up in a small town, I said this is what I want to do. I want to serve my country and then go to college when I get out. Interviewer: What motivated you to choose the Air Force? Many things. The recruiter, number one, was much nicer to me than the Navy recruiter, because that was my other option. I didn’t want to do the Army and I didn’t want to do the Marines, and I thought, well, I’ll check with the Navy and I’ll check with the Air Force, but I was pulled toward the Air Force. I liked what they had to offer more so than the Navy did. �Interviewer: When you…once you actually enlist and you report, what kinds of processes do they put you through by way of testing and getting into training? Well, we went through a lot of testing beforehand and that kind of guided them into are you going into the medical, the administration, whatever. In basic training, the first thing I remember was, it was the first time I had flown. 6:02 I flew from Detroit to San Antonio, and I remember the airport being dark because we arrived at night. They herded us onto a big bus, and of course the segregated us immediately to the females went on one bus and the males went on another. They dropped us off at this dining hall. We had something to eat and then we were taken to the barracks. The next morning we were up at 5:00, lined up, in our civilian clothes, and we went to get measured for uniforms, and we had to get shoes, and the whole gamut. Then we had to get shots. We had to go through further testing. A lot of the girls got their hair cut. One of the…this sounds silly now thinking back on it, but another reason I had wanted to go in the Air Force was they wouldn’t make me cut my hair, and I had long reddish-brown hair. 7:00 It was down past the middle of my back, and I didn’t want to cut my hair. As long as I could wear it up while I was in uniform, I could go in the Air Force. So that was another deciding factor for me versus the Navy, because the Navy told me I had to cut my hair, and I said, “No, I’ve grown it since I was in ninth grade. I’m not cutting it.” But as long as I wore it up, I could have it long while I was in the Air Force. We went through shots. I remember standing in line, we had to stand at attention, and get shots and we would get a shot in each arm. Those were the days when they used the laser gun too, and I saw one young lady pass out in front of me because the person in front of her moved when she got her laser gun shot and it sliced her arm. So, yeah, that was interesting. �Interviewer: How many women were in this group with you that were all starting out together? I believe in each flight there were 125, and we had a sister flight that went through basic the same time we did so we would both graduate at the same time. 8:03 Basic training was six weeks. The first two weeks we were pretty much in civilian clothes until we received our uniforms. It was amazing, though, the difference between the time we arrived and two weeks later when we got our uniform, the camaraderie had started to cement already, because we were all going through the same thing at the same time. Interviewer: What sort of daily routine did you have at that point? We were up at 5:00. I was in basic during the fall, so we would do our marching, of course you marched everywhere in basic training, but you did your parade ground marching in the afternoon. If I would have enlisted during the summer we would have done that first thing in the morning because it got too hot in San Antonio and they were taking salt tablets. In fact, there were a few times that we had to take salt tablets. But we would get up, we would go to classes. 9:01 We’d have grooming classes. We’d have military justice, classes on U.C.M.J., classes on military protocol. Interviewer: Did they do much by way of marching and conditioning and the physical training stuff? That’s funny, because before I left for basic training I was running a mile a day and I was doing a hundred sit-ups a day thinking that this was going to be extremely physical. I wasn’t disappointed that it wasn’t, but I was surprised that it wasn’t. I thought that I’d be, you know, out of shape when I got there but I was in better shape than most of the girls that were there with me. There was some physical work, but…calisthenics, exercising. The funny thing was when �we were on the parade ground and they’d start yelling out the commands and the only ones that could make sense of those commands, that ended up in the right position were those of us who had been in the band in high school. 10:03 So out of 125 girls on the parade ground, one morning, it was one of the first times we did this, there were half a dozen of us that were where we were supposed to be and the rest of them had fallen to the wayside. So my band experience in high school, you know, junior high school and high school helped a lot too. Interviewer: What sort of people were they using as drill instructors? Were they men or women? We had females. One of the flights that started…in those days they started flights every two weeks. There was a flight that started when we were in about our fourth week of training that had a male instructor. Now, I don’t believe, he didn’t stay in the barracks. Our female instructors stayed in the barracks, I believe. But in those days, we were totally segregated. Totally segregated. In fact, when we went to the chow hall, we couldn’t even speak to the men serving us in line. We were not allowed to speak. We had to point, and that was it. 11:04 Interviewer: The women who were training, were these kind of…do you think they’d been in the army a long time? Were they older? Actually, no. I had two instructors to start with and then one of them left for two weeks to meet her husband on R & R in Thailand. So that left us with just one flight instructor, and she was only 25 maybe. And she’d been in the Air Force for I think maybe four to six years, I think. But she seemed so much older than us because she just seemed so much more mature, because, you know, most of us were coming right out of high school. There were a few that were early twenties, but for me, this was my first job. Interviewer: Now you kind of get through your first six weeks there. Then what happens? �Well, then we finished basic training and those that were schedule to go on to technical school went on to technical school. 12:06 Those of us that were going direct duty went in what they called the grad dorm. The reason for that was, I was slated to go into communications and they had to do a security background check on me, so I was in the grad dorm for about a week before my clearance went through. Thank goodness I lived in one town the entire time because my dad was approached by somebody who had been approached by an investigator, and this was just somebody walking down the street in Rockford. And they came to my dad and they said, “You know, I don’t know what your daughter is getting into in the military but they’re really being thorough.” They checked high school. They checked with the counselors in high school. They checked with my teachers. They checked with my band director. They checked with the church. They checked with the state police post in Rockford. 13:01 They stopped people on the street and asked if they knew the Emory family. They checked at the Ford dealership in Rockford, and that was the guy that came to my dad, and they said, “I don’t know what she’s getting into, but they are really checking her background.” I ended up, when I ended up in Minot, I was cleared, I had one of the top, one of the highest security clearance available stateside. Interviewer: They may not necessarily have done this kind of check on everybody, you just may have been, maybe they had slots open in Minot and they needed people, so they had to make sure you could do that? No. Well, it was because, because I was going into communication I needed to have a security check, because I was handling top-secret and above, classified information. I started off in the communications center working the switchboard for about nine months. Then after that, I was moved to the communication center where I handled classified and unclassified messages, most �of them classified, because Minot was a S.A.C. base, “Strategic Air Command.” 14:07 So, we played war games, we had recalls. Interviewer: Let’s back up a little bit. You get assigned to Minot. Did you particularly care where they sent you? Did you hope to go to one part of the country or another? No, I just…I didn’t really want to go, I didn’t want to go south. I wanted to stay in the North, but I didn’t know they were going to send me to Minot, North Dakota. I mean, everybody that’s been in the Air Force knows about Minot, and it’s not…you know, winter will start maybe in October with a heavy dumping of snow and then it gets really cold, and if it ever gets above zero, it’s a heat wave. And of course we were issued upon entering the base, we were issued our cold weather gear which included a parka that weighed about twenty-plus pounds. It’s the stuff that they issue up in Alaska. 15:00 Interviewer: What was your first impression of Minot when you got there? It was cold. Interviewer: What time of year did you get there? I got there the day after Christmas in 1970. I came home after basic training and I got my security clearance. I came home for two weeks, and then on the day after Christmas I was on a flight to Minot, North Dakota. I had been up since about 4:00 in the morning, and I got into Minot about 4:30 in the afternoon and they took us immediately after we signed in to the chow hall. And the chow hall in the Air Force is set up like a cafeteria. There are tables and stuff. And we had to walk around the perimeter of the chow hall, and there were three of us. One young lady from my sister flight and one from my flight, so there were three of us that… actually, we met up in Minneapolis then traveled the rest of the way to Minot together. And they take us to the chow hall, and as we go around the perimeter of the room, as we pass by each row �of tables it got quieter and quieter and quieter until you could hear a pin drop when we got to the serving line. 16:06 They had never had any WAF on base, we were the first ones on base. And so they were just, you know… it’s like, “Oh my goodness. They’re female in uniform.” They didn’t know what to do with us. They just didn’t know what to do with us. Interviewer: Did they let you talk to the people serving you food there? Yes, after basic training we could talk to the males, but until then we couldn’t. Interviewer: What kind of orientation did you get or did they just stick you in a switchboard or what happened then? We did some. They took us around. As I said, we were issued our cold weather gear. The barracks wasn’t ready for us, so they had a house set up in base housing for those of us that were there in Minot. The barracks as I remember wasn’t ready for us until probably early, early spring, like maybe March. But we went around, we found where we were going to be living. 17:04 They took us to where we were going to be working. We met our commanding officer, we met our first sergeant. In those days we had our duty commander and then we also had our WAF commander, which we didn’t have a WAF commander at that point. She hadn’t arrived yet and our first sergeant hadn’t arrived yet, either. So we had two commanders. Interviewer: How did they treat you or deal with you? Either your superiors or the people that you worked with on the base? Well, the people we worked with on the base, some of them had the impression that…in fact, there was one gentleman I worked with that thought that all the WAF went to technical school. And I said, “Where did you get that idea?” I said, “Of those of those who are assigned to the communications center, only one went to technical school and she’s not even working in the communications center.” 18:05 She was working doing something other than what she was �trained for. I said, “I came OJT just like you guys did.” Some of the men were informed in some of their meetings that they were going to start a WAF squadron for the men’s entertainment. And I said, “I’m here. I was assigned here. I’m not here to entertain the troops. I’m here to do a job.” As I went up in rank, I had a young boy reporting to me from Alabama. He didn’t think women should be in the service. He didn’t want to report to me. I said, “Let me tell you something. You don’t work for me, we work together.” I said, “I am not going to pull rank on you. You’re going to work with me.” And after that he was a little bit better, but he still had the archaic idea that we had no place in the military. 19:00 And that was…we had to fight the idea that, you know, the old stereotype of military women and we proved a lot of the young men wrong. In fact, we were no different than college women. You know, we didn’t refer to the barracks as barracks. They were dormitories. They were our dorms, they were our dorm rooms, our dorm mates. And of course, in those days we were segregated. The guys were across the other side of the base. Interviewer: Did the number of WAFs increase pretty quickly? Were you getting reinforcements? Yes. They had made the plan to start WAF squadrons in the northern tier bases, which they had never had before. So that meant Minot was starting a WAF squadron, Grand Forks, Malmstrom Air Force Base, a lot of the SAC bases were starting Air Force, starting the WAF squadrons. Places like Wright-Patterson already had the WAF squadron, so they were more equipped to deal with WAF than the northern tier bases were. 20:03 Interviewer: What were your basic duties then that first period there? Well, I started off in communications in the switchboard building, and I handled messages and I worked my way up to the command board where I would answer the switchboard. It was the old �plug-in type like you see in the old ‘30s movies. I know how to handle one of those. And when I worked my way up to the command board I would keep track of where the base commander and the other commanders on the base were at all times, twenty four hours a day, seven days a week. Interviewer: Who was supervising you? Did you have a male sergeant who was in charge? There was a male sergeant in charge. I worked…I was the only WAF that worked evening shifts. I worked, what was it? I think it was three days, three swings, and then three graveyard and then two and a half off. 21:02 And then it would start over again. Interviewer: So you couldn’t have a regular sleep pattern that way? No. Then it got to the point when we…I think it was still when I was in the switchboard, we were shorthanded so we ended up working twelve hour shifts so that meant twelve hour days. And then I was moved to the communication center where I handled the teletyping key punch messages, and we were still working twelve hour days. Interviewer: Did you have any idea of why you were shorthanded? Was there a lack of recruits and personnel at that point? Or they just hadn’t been organized enough to send someone out? I think it was a little bit of, they were still building the WAF squadron and they were also pulling personnel to southeast Asia, to Vietnam and Thailand. Interviewer: Because in the early ‘70s, in principle, they’re drawing down the ground forces, but the air forces stay pretty substantial through at least ’72 or whatever, but they’re still needing them. What was morale like, as far as you could tell, on the base during the time you were there? 22:07 �Well, I think it was pretty low because a lot of the male personnel, especially the air police that I hung out with a lot, because they were the only other ones who worked shifts like I did, because all my female, you know, enlistees were working days. They didn’t have to work nights, so they were working Monday through Friday. I was the only one that worked these weird shifts. I had, in the three years I was in, I think I had one holiday off. I can’t remember which one that…I think it was New Years Eve. I think it was New Years Eve in ’72, but morale was kind of low because a lot of the guys…Minot was a stopover base before they went to Vietnam. Now, some of them came back to Minot when they got out of their tour of duty in Minot and they weren’t the same people. 23:05 I mean, it was really sad to see these guys that were my age go to southeast Asia, come back, and they didn’t even seem like they were the same person. So morale was…it was low. Plus, Minot, Minot was cold. I mean, it was cold. And you couldn’t even play in the snow. You couldn’t make snowmen. You couldn’t go ice skating. It was too cold for that. So you were cooped up from October until usually March. Interviewer: What was it like once you got into the summer and things melted? Was it any better at that point? A little bit, a little bit. But again, I was working these weird shifts, so I didn’t really have a lot of summer activities. The base itself was about twelve miles north of the town of Minot. Minot had a state college. 24:00 They used to have a nursing program at one of the hospitals downtown. But that…I think that disappeared, you know, as it did in other cities too. There wasn’t a lot of social activities in Minot. It was an agricultural community, definitely. And one of the things we learned first off was, for the women, not to go downtown in their uniforms. Interviewer: Why was that? �We would be harassed, to the nth degree. And there were some young ladies at the business school in Minot that felt that we took away their boyfriends out at the base. And I told them, I said, “We are here to do a job. We are not here to entertain the troops.” It was interesting, so we learned real early on, wear civilian clothes when we went into town. Interviewer: Was harassment an issue on the base itself? Yes. 25:01 Interviewer: What kinds of things would go on? I was threatened at one point, because I wouldn’t talk to this one black guy that had some, he had had some problems on the base, and we all knew it and we tried to stay away from him. I picked up my mail and I was going to the chow hall in civilian clothes and he wouldn’t leave me alone, and I wouldn’t respond to him, and I got to the chow hall and he was heard threatening me. Well, the air police got on that real quick, and the office of special investigations got on it, and we found out that the young man that had threatened me had been in trouble at another base where he had raped a young girl in base housing and so they were really concerned for my safety. So I had an escort for a while, every place I went, until they found out exactly who it was, because he was in civilian clothes so I couldn’t see, you know, he didn’t have his fatigues on, so I could see hi name. 26:03 But we set up a sting in the chow hall with one of the air police that I knew, as soon as the guy came in I recognized him and they hauled him off. Interviewer: Well, that’s sort of an exceptional case. You’ve got somebody who really is socially deviant or whatever. Was there more, kind of, routine bad treatment or…? I think the bad treatment was more because they didn’t know what to do with us and they were going by what they had heard from their uncles and their dads and their moms about military women, which was not true. �Interviewer: And you were based there for something over three years? Three years. I spent my entire enlistment in Minot. Interviewer: How did the atmosphere there change, as you’ve got more women coming in and you’ve been there longer and that kind of thing? Was it different by the time you left than it had been when you started? I really don’t know because the shifts that I worked, I really didn’t interact a lot with the barracks. 27:06 And when I was …in August of ’72, I was married and my husband and I, he was in the Air Force also, we lived in an apartment downtown. So I was away from the base for the last…oh let’s see, August to February. I still had to pull CQ, which is Charge of Quarters, which would mean you’d have to stay up babysitting the dorm, basically, for a twenty four hour period of time. There were more WAF. By the time I left, there were probably, at least 150. We had two barracks of women. They were getting more used to us as the years went on. And then, I guess, after I left Minot, they integrated the dormitories too. But that was quite a few years after I left there. 28:04 Interviewer: In the kind of assignments you had, especially when you’re doing communications and not just the switchboard, did you have, sort of, were there real crises, or events, or scares or things that actually came up at any point? Yes. Interviewer: What kind of things would go on, or what do you remember about that? Well, some of it I don’t talk about, because of security. There were things going on in Vietnam, and see, being I received messages, I read them all. There were some scary things going on with plane crashes, that we would always get a safety message. I worked right next door to the command post and we communicated on a minute-by-minute basis sometimes. The only people �stateside that had a higher clearance than me were those that worked in the communication center in the command post, and the only reason I didn’t have it was because I didn’t need it because I didn’t work there. 29:10 Otherwise I would have had it. Interviewer: So you’re monitoring, maybe, what the Soviets are doing or might do? Was that part of it too? Part of it. Interviewer: But basically, if a plane crashes, if a plane crashes in Vietnam, or at least if it’s a B52 or something that a large bomber, that was stuff that got routed through… That went through all of the SAC bases, all the bases that had B52s, which, we had the next to the largest B52 wing. The largest B52 wing I believe was Grand Forks. Minot was the second largest. People get the wrong impression of Minot. They think of North Dakota as being like the Badlands. North Dakota, where I was stationed in North Dakota, it was so flat that you could stand on an ant hill and see for miles. There were no trees except for around the river and around farmsteads, because it was a farming community so around where the farm houses and the buildings for the farm were there were trees, but those were planted. 30:15 There were no trees otherwise. Another reason they picked Minot for a missile site. Interviewer: The communications you handled, were they mostly things that were related to bomber wings as opposed to the missiles, or did you get everything? Nope, everything. Everything. Interviewer: This is also a period when you’ve got détente going on, there were missile talks going on, there’s eventually Nixon’s “Declaration of Peace with Honor,” I guess, the beginning of ’73. Did you pay attention to that kind of news very much? Did that really affect what you were doing? �It didn’t affect what I was doing, plus I was working twelve hours shifts, or the three, three and three. I didn’t get to watch much TV. And in North Dakota TV went off the air at 10:00 after the news. 31:04 Interviewer: No cable, no satellites, so all the twelve year olds who watch this at some point, remember that. Somewhere in there you managed to get married. Did you know your husband before you went in the service? No, I met him in the summer of ’71, and I had known his roommate. His roommate was from back east and I knew his roommate. I had never met my husband until August of ’71, we went on what they called an “incentive flight,” from Minot, North Dakota to MacDill…no, not MacDill, McCoy Air Force Base in Orlando, Florida. They would do these incentive flights to try to get us to reenlist or re-up. My roommate and I got on this incentive flight to Florida and I met my first husband on that incentive flight and we got to McCoy Air Force Base and his parents…he was from Tampa, and his parents and his sister were there from Tampa, and they took Leonard and me to their house and, to the day I left Florida, long after my divorce from my first husband, I could not convince my former in-laws that I did not know him before that flight. 32:22 I didn’t know him, I didn’t know him. But he was convinced that he was going to take me to Tampa with him, and so we went to Tampa and then we continued to date when we went back up to Minot and then we got married the following year, and then…He was in the missile wing. He was in combat targeting. He worked one type of shift in the missile wing and I worked another type of shift, and when we got out in the middle, in the beginning of February ’73 we moved to Tampa. Interviewer: You’re in kind of an odd situation professionally as someone still very young and not in officer training or anything else like that, but you’re in a position where you’re �getting all of this high-level communication going back and forth, and in a potentially serious crisis or things that have to be managed. 33:14 What impression did you have of the system you were working with in terms of how well designed and run it was, or how effective the officers and people running it were? Did you think they kind of knew what they were doing? Some of them did, some of them didn’t. Some of the, what we called “lifers” would do whatever they could to look busy so they wouldn’t have to do any work and they would let the younger kids take over. We had one guy that was very good at that. I got along very well with the officers in the command post, very well, and they treated me with respect. I never had any chauvinistic comments from them as I did some of the enlisted men that either I worked with or were on base. 34:01 Interviewer: Were the officers mostly college educated or did they come out of the Air Force Academy? Most of them were college educated. I don’t know of any officer in Minot that had gone to the Air Force Academy. Interviewer: So they would have themselves already been through being there with women in their classes and everything else like that and that whole other experience informing it may have made some difference as opposed to the enlisted men right out of high school, I guess. Yes. Interviewer: How much pressure was there for you to reenlist? Because you did just one hitch, right? So one four years? �Yes. They tried. You know, they tried. But they couldn’t promise me anything other than Minot. It seemed like, it was very frustrating for those of us who were in Minot first, the females, because we would see other people come and they’d be there for less than a year and they’d be sent off someplace else and we were still there. Now that could be because we were in communications, I’m not sure why. 35:00 Now just before I got out, I found out that my name was on a list to be moved to another base, and that base was Iceland. Although, people told me that was a better assignment than Minot because it was warmer there and you could take the military hops to Europe. I don’t know what I did wrong to deserve that. That’s my second husband’s comment, was “You must have done something wrong to be stationed in Minot.” Interviewer: On the other hand, maybe you were actually good at it so they kept you. You got promotions. Were those, sort of, routine? Oh no, we had to work for those. Interviewer: So what’s involved in that? Just testing. We had to take, like, workbook tests and stuff and pass those. I made E4, I was a sergeant, under two years, which was very good, very good. If I would have stayed in, what I wanted to do was get into dental hygiene. You know, go to tech school for that. 36:01 Which, I found out just before I got out that, because I had not gone to technical school, I could have stayed in my job for one year and then they would have taken me and let me go into dental hygiene. But see, they didn’t know about that in Minot. They weren’t used to having women and so these were things they had to learn. So it was rather disappointing because that was one of the things I wanted to get into when I was in the service, but that’s ok. I still got to go to school on my GI Bill when I got out. �Interviewer: Was that part of your thinking when you went in? The expectation that you would go to college at the other end? I wanted to go to college when I got out. I was thinking either dental hygiene or teaching, so either way I was going to use my GI Bill when I got out. Interviewer: At the point then that you do go out, now you’ve gotten married, you’ve moved to Florida. Now, do you start going to college at that point or did that come later? 37:03 I went to college when I got out, after I was out of Minot. Let’s see, I went to Tampa in ’73, and I started going to college in ’74 and ’75. Interviewer: Where did you attend school at? I went to Hillsborough Community College in Tampa, and I went part time. I had my son in ’75, got divorced in ’76, was still going to school on the GI Bill. Then, when my son was four, we moved back to Michigan, because he was getting close to school age, so I wanted him educated in the North, not in the South. Interviewer: Why was there a difference as far as you were concerned? Seniors in high school down in Florida couldn’t even pick out their state on a map, and when I was going to college, it was interesting because a lot of my professors were from the North and they could tell those of us that were educated up here. 38:06 In fact, one of my professors, my math professor was from Holland, Michigan. Didn’t even realize it until he came to class one time and he had on a shirt with tulips on it, and I said, “You look like you just stepped out of Holland.” He said, “I am. I’m from Holland, Michigan.” I said, “Well, I’m from Grand Rapids.” As far as the education, I wanted my son educated in the North, so I moved back. Interviewer: Did you train to be a dental hygienist or something else? �No, I went to school, I was going to be majoring in history and English, and then I started out at the University of South Florida on my GI Bill, but it was too hard. I was working full time and trying to raise my son and go to school and it was too much for me. So I ended up, I was working. Interviewer: How do you think the time that you spent in the Air Force wound up affecting you in terms of how you view the world or deal with people or how you grew up, essentially? 39:07 Well, you definitely have to grow up, very quickly. I mean, you go through six weeks of basic training, you come out and the people that were your friends before you left home seem so immature when you get out of basic training. It made me more of a leader. I’m a natural leader, always have been even before the service, but even more so after the service. I can manage people, you know. My attitude has always been, you don’t work for me, you work with me. You get a lot more work done that way, and you get a lot more respect. It’s just made me a stronger person, definitely. Interviewer: Are there particular incidents or individuals or things that sort of tend to come back to you from that experience, things that you haven’t mentioned here yet? 40:06 No, but what I do remember most were the changes that I saw, even while I was in Minot, even while I was in the Air Force. Even in basic training, the rule for the length of our hair changed from not being able to fall…let’s see, what was it? Well, it started, basic training, you could have hair down to the top of your collar and that was it. While I was in basic training they changed that rule to, it could fall to the bottom of your collar, which is a good inch and half so that meant that you could have hair down to here. Now, there were several of us that kept our hair long, as I said, we just had to wear it up on top of our head while we were in uniform. Some �of the girls didn’t want to bother with it so they just got their hair cut. That was one of the first things I saw change. 41:00 When I was in Minot, the rule was when, if you became pregnant, you were out. In fact, there were several girls that ended up being pregnant, when they went into basic they didn’t realize it. They were discharged. While I was in Minot it changed to, if you were pregnant you can stay in until your seventh month of pregnancy and then you were discharged. And there were no maternity uniforms. You had to wear civilian clothes, so there were a few girls that did that. One of them became one of my friends when I moved to Tampa, but you’d stay in until your seventh month of pregnancy, wear civilian clothes, and then at seven months you were discharged. Now it’s treated like it is in the civilian world. They have maternity clothes. You’re off for six to eight weeks and you’re right back, you know, doing what you did before which is great. While I was in, the first female general became…it was General Jeanne Holms. 42:06 She came to Minot on a tour of the northern tier bases and I got to meet her. The first female pilot was allowed. Women were allowed to become air police which is our version of…that’s my husband…our version of the air police, the air police is like security, the call them security police. Interviewer: Like the MPs. MPs, yeah. But we called them law enforcement, or they were out on the flight line. I wasn’t allowed to go for my marksmanship ribbon because women weren’t allowed to shoot guns even though I was a better shot than some of the guys who were in the law enforcement or the MPs, so that was interesting. Now, there aren’t any restrictions like that. Interviewer: Were there women who would leave or wash out early? Who had problems adjusting once they got there? 43:05 �There were, there was one young lady in my flight in basic training from Oregon. She never should have been allowed to be in to begin with. She couldn’t even run the floor buffer without getting all tangled up and she’d end up going around in a circle, and she couldn’t pass any of the tests that we had. They washed her back…basic training was six weeks, and there were two week periods. They washed her back twice to start over again and she just couldn’t make it. So when I was in the grad dorm after I’d finished basic, she was there, she was being washed out. She was going home. And when I was in Minot there were a couple of women that were discharged for, they call them Section 8s, medical reasons. But other than that, no, once you make through basic training… 44:01 Interviewer: They sort of just have the right mindset or personality or whatever, and most of the people behave most of the time so you can live with that and work with it. Yes. Interviewer: Would you have any advice to offer to young women considering going into the military at this point? Or do you figure your experience was too far back to…? Oh, I’m all for it. In fact, there was a young lady that I worked with at one of my other companies and she was enlisting in the Air Force and I told her, “I couldn’t be more proud of you than if you were my own daughter.” I said, “I think the military is a great opportunity for women, especially now.” They don’t have the restrictions that we had. I said, “Just make the most of it.” I said, “Enjoy your time in. Get the experience, get the experience under your belt. You may want to make a career out of it.” But I’m all for it. I think, I think it gives you a time to grow up in between high school and college. I’m all for it. I wish more girls would go in. 45:05 �Interviewer: Did it help you, in a way, prepare you to go into the college classes where you treat the assignments as things you really had to do and take seriously? Oh yeah. It was no different than being assigned a task in the military, and that’s why I aced all my classes. I took it seriously. It wasn’t fun time. It wasn’t an extension of high school. I’m here to learn. I’m going to school on the GI Bill. It was an experience for me. Interviewer: It also makes for a good story, so thanks for taking the time to tell it to me today. Thank you. I’m glad I could share it with you. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PriceJ Title A name given to the resource Price, Julie (Interview transcript and video), 2008 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Price, Julie Description An account of the resource Julie Price was born on September 6, 1952 in Michigan. She had to get her parents' permission to join the Air Force after graduating from high school and then went through basic training in San Antonio Texas. After training Julie had to go through a background check because she was going to be working with classified material at a Communications Center in North Dakota. While in the Air Force Julie witnessed many positive changes in the way women were treated. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James (Interviewer) Kentwood Historic Preservation Commission (Kentwood, Mich.) WKTV (Wyoming, Mich.) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Veterans United States. Air Force Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American Video recordings Women Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2008-12-12 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/be686bff21ca78acae52dae3f55eb382.m4v fd339fcb3394eb3006897fa254133483 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/1e1952555274154c51b9c3c457480247.pdf 7274ae010bcbf1f83940edf438b91d91 PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans History Project Interview Vietnam Era Interviewee: Richard Price Length of Interview: 00:50:40 Background:             He was born August 14th, 1945 in Lansing, Michigan. He lived there for about 9 months and then his family moved out to Eagle, Michigan, which is about 12 miles west of Lansing, and he has lived in the area ever since. His dad was a carpenter and his mother was a hair stylist. He has one sibling, a sister. He went to grade school in Eagle and went to high school in Portland. He graduated from Portland in 1963. After school he worked at General Motors for 9 months. He decided he did not care for that kind of work and went on to construction. He worked in construction for about a year and a half and that is when he was drafted into the Army. He was drafted in November of 1965. He knew that Vietnam was going on and had heard quite a bit about it. He figured that would where he would be going. Before he was drafted, his doctor told him that since he had bad feet and bad knees that he would not have to worry about being drafted. When he did get drafted, he went to get his physical in Detroit and they sent him right on to Fort Knox. After he got his draft notice, he was given a date to go to St. Johns, where he would then be sent to Detroit. During the physical, they took your blood pressure and look for anything out of the ordinary. He did not think it was that great of a physical, but it was an army physical. He did not get any shots until he got to basic training at Fort Knox. The base at Fort Knox was composed of old buildings made of red clay. It seemed like no matter where you looked there would always be red clay. For November, it was hot. Training (3:55)     Basic training consisted of calisthenics, forced marches, infiltration courses; it was tough work. Lucky for him he was in construction before he went in, so he was in pretty good shape. In fact, he gained weight in basic training, whereas most guys lost weight. Army discipline was definitely something he was not used to. From what he heard, it was not that much different than the training the Marines go through. It was rough mentally, but physically it was not that bad. The drill sergeant treated the soldiers like dirt, but that was the way they were trained and that was how the soldiers were trained. �    It took him a few weeks to adjust and convince himself to just go along with things or else he would be in serious trouble. They washed out 10% and had to go back to basic training, mostly due to physical issues. Some of them had an attitude, which was just going to make it tough for them. In basic training, there were about 300 people that he trained with. He did not really get to know any of them as there was not much of a chance to really talk back and forth. His basic training lasted 11 weeks. Advanced Training (7:00)        After basic he came home for a week and then he was sent to Fort Aberdeen in Maryland for advanced training at mechanics school. He went through a wheel and track mechanics school and that was for 13 weeks. Mechanic school was a little different than basic because he had more freedom. He still had to attend school for 8 hours a day. After though he was allowed more freedom to travel where he wanted. He could go off base and even have his own vehicle. It was kind of like college. He was working on all military vehicles, from jeeps to tank retrievers. The instructors there were all military personnel. Most of them were sergeants, much older than him, at least he thought. But they were probably in their mid-30’s. Once advanced training was finished, he got orders for Vietnam. They were supposed ship out in two weeks, but a couple days later, 12 of them got their orders changed to Korea. They all shipped and he got to Korea around May. Active Duty (10:30)          He flew on a four engine prop plane. It was condemned for civilian use, he found out later. He flew from Baltimore to Washington State to Fort Lewis. He did not know if they were going to make it to Washington due to the poor condition of the plane. Three days after they arrived at Fort Lewis they boarded a 727. It had civilian pilots and stewardesses, but all the passengers were military. They were going to stop in Tokyo to fuel, but the planes altimeters malfunctioned. They first noticed something wrong when the crystals in their watches began flying everywhere. When they landed in Tokyo there were emergency vehicles, wreckers and many other things lined up along the runway. They could not see anything for about 20 min. 23 people had died on the flight and there were 15-20 more that they kept from going on to Korea. He has had bad hearing for a long time and he thinks that may have affected him, but there were no other major problems that he suffered from when he got there. They found out that repairs to the plane were going to take 14 hours, so the soldiers were let out into the terminal, where all of their food and drinks would be covered. They never let them out of the airport, but they all found a bar. They really had to help each other back onto the plane when it was time to head out to Korea. �Korea (16:55)                      He flew into Pusan and was there long enough for them to figure out where everybody was going in Korea. He and 11 other mechanics were sent to Camp Rice and from there they were distributed out even more. They found out then why their orders were changed and they were sent to Korea. The North Koreans had blown up the mechanics quarters and 8 of them were killed and the other 4 had been sent home. They were there to replace them. He joined the 2nd Infantry Division, the 702nd Maintenance Battalion, A Company. His duty there was to maintain all the equipment on the DMZ. Everything from jeeps to tanks. There was a lot of repair needed. While he was there, they were looking for someone with a chauffeur’s license. Someone had once told him never to volunteer, but since he had one he did it anyway. He then spent 13 months as a battalion courier. The majority of what he did was send messages around the battalion. As soon as he landed in Korea, he knew he was in a different world. It smelled bad. It turned out to be human waste. Down south there was more foliage and the countryside looked halfway decent. When he got up to the north, there was nothing; no trees, no bushes, just nothing. He would later find out that nothing grew because the ground was full of lead. There were a lot of rice paddies, but on the mountains there were little trees. It was barren up there. There were times when crews had to be sent to the front lines. If the vehicle could not be brought back to get fixed, they would have to go there. The majority of the problems that he saw in the vehicles came from wear and tear. It was rough terrain and no roads. All they had were tank trails. There was also a certain amount of neglect or they got shot up. Officially, there was a truce and there was not supposed to be any gunfire, but that was not the case. They had North Koreans coming in every day. The biggest problem was that they look like the South Koreans, so they would just waltz right in like they belonged there. They basically knew what the South Koreans wore and they duplicated it. They once had a South Korean cutting their hair. Six months later they found out he was actually North Korean. There was a lot of rumors and information that went around in a barber shop. They heard small arms fire day and night, though not steadily. The North Koreans were used heavy weaponry as well. Being a courier was a risky job. Any Koreans they see could have been friend or foe. (25:20) Night deliveries were the worst. He was supposedly carrying top secret information around to where it needed to go. They would have to use a night light to see where they were going, so they could only see like 5 feet in front of them. It was a stressful job. �                   The lady who predicted Kennedy’s death and other events [Jeane Dixon] predicted that the North Koreans would invade on April 11th, 1967. Somebody believed her. All the compounds in the north were packed up and wired to blow. Turns out there were only 35 North Koreans that came across that day. But the way they came across would have given the soldiers a life expectancy of 11 seconds, barely enough time for him to start the jeep. That’s about the time he started getting an ulcer. He spent 13 months in Korea all with the same unit. During that time he got a week of R and R. He and six of his buddies did not have money to go anywhere so they went to Seoul. It was a break from the DMZ. He thought Seoul was a dirty place. There was nothing over there that would compare to the United States. (29:00) He worked with the South Korean military. There were a few mechanics, but most worked with paperwork in headquarters. One day he was going from Camp Rice to Camp Casey, he saw four Koreans on the side of the road. They had been working in the rice paddies and had stepped on a land mine. He loaded them in the vehicle and brought them to the MASH unit. While he was there, 35 G.I.’s in the Maintenance Battalion were killed. Never as a group though, it was always sporadic. One of the guys had actually died from encephalitis. As a courier, he would deal mostly with the battalion XO (executive officer) and the company commanders. He did not feel that any of them (the Koreans) liked us. He had a few of them tell him that they did not like us, but they liked our money. Most of them did not hate the soldiers, but they did not appreciate them either. The monsoons were nasty. It rained for 43 days without quitting. 8 men had drowned while trying to help someone. Winter there was the coldest winter he ever had. The heaters in the jeep did not work and there not enough clothes to keep him warm. Once in a while they would have movies that they could watch. Most of the time they had beer, though it was not very good. The good beer was down in the village and you had to pay more for it. (38:00) There was a recreations center that was a half a mile from Camp Rice where you could play handball and tennis among other things. Morale there was not real good. People really wanted to go home. He said they all had calendars, counting down the days until they went home. Their attitudes were not much different until the last day and then you can see that they had real hope of making it home. As far as he knows, none of the men who were serving in Korea had been transferred to Vietnam during their tour. Post Duty (41:30)    When his 13 months came to an end, he went home. He was there for about 3 weeks before he was sent to Fort Leonard Wood to get discharged. While he was there, the people there just wanted to keep them out of trouble. All the soldiers there who had come back from Korea and Vietnam would talk about what they were going to do when they got discharged. �               He did end up running a maintenance unit when he was at Leonard Wood. The sergeant there was about to retire, so he taught 5 or 6 of them what they had to do to maintain things like the sidewalks, fences and others. The Army had attempted to get the boys to re-up with incentives like ranks, money and other bonuses. The reason most of them didn’t re-up was because they knew they would be sent to Vietnam. After he was discharged he went back home. He wanted to work construction, but signed up for a plumbing apprenticeship. He would work as a plumber for 45 years. His time in the service definitely had an effect on how he sees the world. He has not trusted a politician since he has gotten back. He finds he is on a defense more than before he joined the service. He feels that the Army brought a lot of positive things into his life. In fact, looking back, he would do it again, except he would sign up for four years instead of two and he would sign up for the Seabee, which is a construction battalion. (46:05) Positive things he learned were how to live with other people in all kinds of conditions; he learned how to be responsible. He definitely grew up some. Before he entered the service, he and his stepfather couldn’t talk unless they were arguing. He hasn’t argued with his stepfather since he’s been back. The guys he served with came from every kind of background you could think of. They came from all different parts of the country. There were also black and hispanic men serving in his unit. Knowing about the movements that were back home, they were happy to be there in Korea. At least here there was a common goal. One of the good things about leadership was they would not tolerate anything racial. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PriceR Title A name given to the resource Price, Richard (Interview outline and video), 2010 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Price, Richard Description An account of the resource Richard Price was drafted into the Army in 1965. He trained as a vehicle mechanic at Fort Knox, and expected to go directly to Vietnam. Instead, he and several other men from his training company were sent to Korea to replace men who had been killed or wounded in an enemy raid. The men were assigned to a maintenance company, and were kept busy repairing vehicles both at their camp and up near the DMZ. Price eventually was assigned to serve as battalion courier, and made regular trips between company and battalion headquarters and the front lines. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American United States. Army Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2010-08-09 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives