79 24 26018 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/399363ae2404cd7828c457618c3b4b22.mp3 21cdd946ab3ab078b9706cc54a6babb3 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c61e97f5ba0f734293f7fd82bbf26929.pdf fb6ed5a498c67bbe37fc3f0181c4b108 PDF Text Text Beyond Nation, Ethnicity and Creed Independence Day Weekend, Pentecost V Readings from our Past: Psalm 33:10-17; Matthew 5:38-48 Richard A. Rhem Christ Community Church Spring Lake, Michigan July 1, 2001 Transcription of the spoken sermon About eighteen months ago, at the turn of the millennium, I pointed to a book that had impressed me with its insight about our present human situation in terms of the international global situation. Samuel T. Huntington with a lot of experience in international affairs had written a book, The Clash of Civilizations, which concludes with this paragraph: In the 1950s, Lester Pearson warned that humans were moving into an age when different civilizations will have to learn to live side by side in peaceful interchange, learning from each other, studying each other's history and ideals and art and culture, mutually enriching each other's lives. The alternative in this over crowded little world is misunderstanding, tension, clash and catastrophe. The futures of both peace and civilization depend upon understanding and cooperation among the political, spiritual, and intellectual leaders of the world's major civilizations. In the clash of civilizations, Europe and America will hang together or hang separately. In the greater clash, the global real clash between civilization and barbarism, the world's great civilizations with their rich accomplishments in religion, art, literature, philosophy, science, technology, morality and compassion, will also hang together or hang separately. In the emerging era, clashes of civilizations are the greatest threat to world peace and an international order based on civilizations is the surest safeguard against world war. The human story is a fascinating story and, as in this week once again we celebrate the independence of our nation, I thought it might be well for us to think of our nation and our Western civilization in terms of its unique values which have come to us at great cost and great sacrifice. We have, I think, a growing awareness or raised consciousness of the sacrifice and the cost of that which we enjoy together and so easily take for granted. Nancy and I, two or three weeks ago, went to see the film, Pearl Harbor, which is justifiably criticized for making a big buck on a love story and perhaps trivializing © Grand Valley State University �Beyond Nation, Ethnicity and Creed Richard A. Rhem Page 2 the event itself, according to those who were there. It seems to me that is probably a justified criticism and yet, once again, that film calls to mind that Day of Infamy, and the terrible cost that has been paid even in the last century for the freedoms and the liberties that we enjoy. Perhaps the anchor of NBC, Tom Brokaw, in his book, The Greatest Generation, in his continuing effort to bring those voices forward, has also given us a certain new awareness of that which it has cost in the past in order to preserve and to protect that which we have as a people. And so it seems to me that it is good for us, on an occasion like this, to reflect on where we are in the world, who we are in the world, and that which is incumbent upon us in order to preserve and to perpetuate the values that have been so richly enjoyed by us as a people. In his book, The Clash of Civilizations. Huntington tells the story of the past century and those great wars that were waged. There was the First World War, for example, and President Wilson committed us to that war with a suggestion that it would be a war to end all wars, and, of course, it was not, but rather it birthed Fascism and Communism and the retreat of Democracy which had been gaining ground in the century past. And then there was the Second World War and, toward its close and the close of his life, Franklin Delano Roosevelt began to speak of the United Nations and the creation of an organization of peace loving nations that would come together in the universal organization, and that would ensure a structure of permanent peace. And, of course, after the euphoria died down, we recognized before long that we were engaged in a Cold War which for decades had us teetering on the edge of disaster in a balance of terror. I remember well the euphoria that came in the wake of the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989. There we thought finally we had won the battle. There was a State Department official, Francis Fukayama, who wrote a very widely discussed essay entitled, “The End of History," in which he suggested that the West had won, that the values of freedom and democracy and free enterprise and all of that which marks our life had finally been demonstrated to be superior and that it was just a matter of time before the whole world embraced those particular values and marks of Western civilization. Fukayama went so far as to suggest that the future of history would be boring. And we know what happened to the euphoria of the fall of the Berlin Wall, for it opened up ancient wounds, the Balkans, ethnic cleansing, that terrible slaughter and massacre that went on, brought to us once again with greater clarity through the turning over of Milosevic to the world court to be tried on crimes against humanity. In the last decade plus we have seen the rise of militant fundamentalisms and religion, creating violence and horror. We have seen massacres and racial genocide, and we have recognized that the global body politic is wounded, indeed. Then President Bush had spoken of a new world order, but it was not to be, and so here we are. © Grand Valley State University �Beyond Nation, Ethnicity and Creed Richard A. Rhem Page 3 Samuel Huntington suggests that it was a foolish optimism that ever believed that there could be a universal civilization, that what we are faced with and what we have to recognize is rather a diversity of civilizations, perhaps seven or eight civilizational groupings which are tied by blood and language and religion, which have a deep identity that transcends national boundaries, that represent ancient bonding of human families. It is Huntington's contention that the only way to security and to peace in this global world of ours is through the acceptance of that diversity, the recognition of it, even the celebration of it, simply to come to the realization that it will not be the West and the rest, or the West as the best, but rather, in the respective civilizational groupings, each having its own integrity, there will have to be a way of coming to understanding, of mutual respect, of the investigation of the history, the culture, the art, the philosophy, and the religious faith of the respective groups in order that there might be a living together in human community with that diversity acknowledged and recognized and celebrated. This seems to me to make a lot of sense and the other point that he makes (apropos for us on this week in which we celebrate our independence) is that we ought to renew those values that have made us what we are, that we ought to renew and recommit ourselves to that which is uniquely Western, that which was born in Europe and has been lived out and embodied here in such a fruitful way individual liberty, political democracy, human rights, the rule of law, that pluralism and that Christian rootage which has flowered in Western civilization. Certainly we don't want our civilization to be closed against others but, according to Huntington, there has been a naiveté about the possibility of multi-culturalism within a given civilization. Multi-culturalism within a civilization attempts to make that civilization the world, and it is not. Just as a mono-culturalism would attempt to make the whole world like one's own civilization, and that brings conflict, and that won't work, either. To recognize the diversity of civilization, but to recommit oneself to one's own values, to recognize anew that which has given us birth, that which is at the foundation of that freedom and liberty and humane existence, the civility that has marked our civilization at its best would seem to be the path of wisdom. As I think about the biblical story, we read Psalm 33 and its insight is that we will not live and survive by military might. That has been practiced and that has been our practice and, as the most powerful nation on earth, we have often been told that we must continue to be strong in order to preserve peace. There have been instances in the past where, thank God, we had the strength to turn away the aggressor and the tyrant. But we ought to recognize the wisdom of that Old Testament poet in that finally what we are all after, global security and peace, will not be secured by superior military might. A king is not saved by his armies, said the Psalmist, and the war horse is a vain hope for victory. Finally, you cannot arm yourself, you cannot have strength enough to repel every enemy and to remove every danger. We have to find it in some other way. Peace does not lie through military power, and if I move to that famous and disturbing Sermon on the © Grand Valley State University �Beyond Nation, Ethnicity and Creed Richard A. Rhem Page 4 Mount, I hear Jesus talking about the law of retaliation, an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth, and I recognize that there was a time when an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth was a code of justice. What it says is that the penalty ought to meet the crime. An eye for an eye, not a life for an eye. It's a tooth for a tooth, not a life for a tooth. That was a step forward in human understanding. But, Jesus goes beyond that. In the very, very disturbing moral imperative, Jesus suggests turning the other cheek, going the extra mile. And then, in the most radical of all suggestions, to love our enemies, for he says if you like the people who like you, big deal. If you love the people who love you, big deal. Everybody does that. It's natural to do that. It is human to do that. But, to love your enemies? That’s divine. For he points to the God whose sun shines on the just and the unjust and the God whose rain waters the gardens of the good and the evil. The God of Jesus was a God of non-discrimination and humanity, in Jesus' image of things, is rooted in God, so that there is a common ground of humanity. God is the eternal ground and source and, therefore, because of that common ground and source, there is a common humanity and, consequently, all humanity deserves to be treated humanely and it is incumbent upon human beings to be humane, one to another without discrimination and without exclusion. Well, I don't know what to do with Jesus' words. Some in the history of interpretation have said that's not for now, that's for when Jesus comes again and establishes a kingdom on earth. That’s a future ethic. Well, nice going, but it won't work. In all honesty, whether you want to take Jesus seriously or not, whether you think he was on to something or not, what we can't do is say he was talking about some future age in the Sermon on the Mount. That was immediate. That is here and now. Others have said that's fine on an individual basis, but you can't do it in the corporate. Well, maybe it won't work, but I think that's what Jesus intended. I think that is what he was saying. I don't quite know what to do with it. I think it would be helpful if, before we argued with it, we listened to it. If, before we reject it out of hand as some ridiculous kind of counsel, we let it seep into the pores of our being. We let that ethic simply be with us for a bit because, if it would saturate our being and seep into the pores of our nature, it would have to have some kind of effect on our spirit and on our attitude. And finally, the human problem is a problem of attitude and spirit, and Jesus was suggesting that there is a common humanity that demands a universal humaneness and acceptance. Positively, we have to accept the civilizational diversity and even celebrate it. We should renew our own values and recognize the roots from which they have sprung, and celebrate them and preserve them, as well. And then, we ought to find those areas where the civilizational groupings overlap in common values, common, shared human values for justice and for © Grand Valley State University �Beyond Nation, Ethnicity and Creed Richard A. Rhem Page 5 truth and compassion, rejecting murder, deceit, tyranny, torture and oppression, because if one takes those civilizational groupings at their best there is a shared value, there is a shared morality, a shared ethical sense which can be distilled and which each respective civilizational group committing itself to would make for the kind of security and peace and well-being that is necessary for our world that has come to a crossroads because of the tremendous power, because of the tremendous technological capacity, because of the fact that we have everything at hand to destroy the whole human experiment if we don't learn to live with justice and peace, one with another. Certainly, the Christian church has not been a good example. I was just rereading again the book that I'll be using in July by Richard Rubenstein, When Jesus Became God, the conflict in the 4th century in trying to establish the orthodox Christological formulation. After a century and more of bloody conflict, an edict of the Roman Empire established orthodox Nicene Christology and, when that was established, a group of Christians began to burn synagogues and pagan temples and massacre people, and the emperor as a responsible ruler demanded that they make restitution and that the leaders be punished, and the great and highly esteemed Bishop Ambrose of Milan said to the emperor, "Why should God's people be punished for destroying the heretics and the pagans? If you don't rescind your rule to punish, I will not serve you Holy Communion," and the emperor relented. I suppose I tell you that little story because I started out where Ambrose was – not quite so violent, thank God – but with that kind of exclusionary attitude that ignorantly and arrogantly said, "This is it and this is true and only this is true." And then, by the miracle of grace and the Holy Spirit, those blinders began to fall off and I began to see the light and the grace in others and, rather than closing myself off and rejecting, began to open up and embrace and found a vitality and a joy and a celebration of life such as I never knew in that cramped and crimped orthodoxy that was wringing all of the joy of life out of me. I suggest that has happened to this community, as well, where we have learned the broadness of God's mercy, we have learned the freedom of throwing open our arms and embracing all and excluding none, and we have learned that breaking down the barriers that divide is the way to humanity, to grace and joy and blessing. So I would suggest that, as a civilizational group, as a nation, there is possibility for us. There is possibility for the world. It may yet be a long way off. We'll have a good many battles yet to wage. But, finally, with an attitude and a spirit that has at least heard the word of Jesus, has recognized how it cuts against the grain of the human animal, but is indeed the voice of the Spirit, little by little we might move toward that day when we will not exclude the other, but rather, find ourselves celebrating that family of which we are a part, in harmony with the other families of the globe, and there would be peace on earth. © Grand Valley State University �Beyond Nation, Ethnicity and Creed Richard A. Rhem Page 6 References: Samuel P. Huntington. The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order. Touchstone, 1997. Richard E. Rubenstein. When Jesus Became God: The Struggle to Define Christianity during the Last Days of Rome. Harcourt Inc., 1999. © Grand Valley State University � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard A. Rhem Collection Description An account of the resource Text and sound recordings of the sermons, prayers, services, and articles of Richard Rhem, pastor emeritus of Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, Michigan, where he served for 37 years. Starting in the mid 1980's, Rhem began to question some of the traditional Christian dogma that he had been espousing from the pulpit. That questioning was a first step in a long and interesting spiritual journey, one that he openly shared with his congregation. His journey is important, in part because it is reflective of the questioning, the yearnings, and the gradual revision of beliefs that many persons in this part of the century have experienced and continue to experience. It is important also because of the affirming and inclusive way his questioning was done and his thinking evolved. His sermons and other written and spoken materials together document the steps in his journey as it took a turn in 1985, yet continued to revolve around the framework and liturgies of the Christian calendar. Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Religion Interfaith worship Sermons Sound Recordings Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rhem, Richard A. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/514">Richard A. Rhem papers (KII-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kaufman Interfaith Institute Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-2014 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 text/pdf Sound A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Event Independence Day Weekend, Pentecost V Scripture Text Psalm 33:10-17, Matthew 5:38-48 Location The location of the interview Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI References Samuel P. Huntington. The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order. Touchstone, 1997. Richard E. Rubenstein. When Jesus Became God: The Struggle to Define Christianity during the Last Days of Rome. Harcourt,Inc., 1999. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01_RA-0-20010701 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2001-07-01 Title A name given to the resource Beyond National, Ethnicity and Creed Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richard A. Rhem Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Sermons Relation A related resource Richard A. Rhem - An Archive of Sermons, Prayers, Talks and Stories: http://richardrhem.org/ Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 application/pdf Description An account of the resource A sermon given by Richard A. Rhem (Dick) on July 1, 2001 entitled "Beyond National, Ethnicity and Creed", on the occasion of Independence Day Weekend, Pentecost V, at Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI. Scripture references: Psalm 33:10-17, Matthew 5:38-48. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives Diversity Global Community Inclusivism Non-violence https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/cac50ddb57aa2953b009fecba1d2b956.mp3 02aa152f0878a4a386117295c9c41356 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard A. Rhem Collection Description An account of the resource Text and sound recordings of the sermons, prayers, services, and articles of Richard Rhem, pastor emeritus of Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, Michigan, where he served for 37 years. Starting in the mid 1980's, Rhem began to question some of the traditional Christian dogma that he had been espousing from the pulpit. That questioning was a first step in a long and interesting spiritual journey, one that he openly shared with his congregation. His journey is important, in part because it is reflective of the questioning, the yearnings, and the gradual revision of beliefs that many persons in this part of the century have experienced and continue to experience. It is important also because of the affirming and inclusive way his questioning was done and his thinking evolved. His sermons and other written and spoken materials together document the steps in his journey as it took a turn in 1985, yet continued to revolve around the framework and liturgies of the Christian calendar. Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Religion Interfaith worship Sermons Sound Recordings Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rhem, Richard A. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/514">Richard A. Rhem papers (KII-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kaufman Interfaith Institute Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-2014 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 text/pdf Sound A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Event Eastertide V Series The Lord's Servant Community Scripture Text Isaiah 55:11, Ephesians 3:20-21 Location The location of the interview Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01_RA-0-19880501 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1988-05-01 Title A name given to the resource Beyond Our Fondest Dreams Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richard A. Rhem Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Sermons Relation A related resource Richard A. Rhem - An Archive of Sermons, Prayers, Talks and Stories: http://richardrhem.org/ Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 Description An account of the resource A sermon given by Richard A. Rhem (Dick) on May 1, 1988 entitled "Beyond Our Fondest Dreams ", as part of the series "The Lord's Servant Community", on the occasion of Eastertide V, at Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI. Scripture references: Isaiah 55:11, Ephesians 3:20-21. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/281db541d8b91f3b41e2333ccc4724e3.mp3 5a61d276ef7f76a013e3c00eba639fe7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard A. Rhem Collection Description An account of the resource Text and sound recordings of the sermons, prayers, services, and articles of Richard Rhem, pastor emeritus of Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, Michigan, where he served for 37 years. Starting in the mid 1980's, Rhem began to question some of the traditional Christian dogma that he had been espousing from the pulpit. That questioning was a first step in a long and interesting spiritual journey, one that he openly shared with his congregation. His journey is important, in part because it is reflective of the questioning, the yearnings, and the gradual revision of beliefs that many persons in this part of the century have experienced and continue to experience. It is important also because of the affirming and inclusive way his questioning was done and his thinking evolved. His sermons and other written and spoken materials together document the steps in his journey as it took a turn in 1985, yet continued to revolve around the framework and liturgies of the Christian calendar. Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Religion Interfaith worship Sermons Sound Recordings Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rhem, Richard A. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/514">Richard A. Rhem papers (KII-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kaufman Interfaith Institute Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-2014 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 text/pdf Sound A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Event Pentecost IV Scripture Text Ephesians 3: 20 Location The location of the interview Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01_RA-0-19910616 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1991-06-16 Title A name given to the resource Beyond Our Fondest Dreams Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richard A. Rhem Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Sermons Relation A related resource Richard A. Rhem - An Archive of Sermons, Prayers, Talks and Stories: http://richardrhem.org/ Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 Description An account of the resource A sermon given by Richard A. Rhem (Dick) on June 16, 1991 entitled "Beyond Our Fondest Dreams", on the occasion of Pentecost IV, at Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI. Scripture references: Ephesians 3: 20. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/cba89b9c458ec3ddde5ebd95899de0cc.mp3 365e0473079b90f0ca3f653221dd266a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard A. Rhem Collection Description An account of the resource Text and sound recordings of the sermons, prayers, services, and articles of Richard Rhem, pastor emeritus of Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, Michigan, where he served for 37 years. Starting in the mid 1980's, Rhem began to question some of the traditional Christian dogma that he had been espousing from the pulpit. That questioning was a first step in a long and interesting spiritual journey, one that he openly shared with his congregation. His journey is important, in part because it is reflective of the questioning, the yearnings, and the gradual revision of beliefs that many persons in this part of the century have experienced and continue to experience. It is important also because of the affirming and inclusive way his questioning was done and his thinking evolved. His sermons and other written and spoken materials together document the steps in his journey as it took a turn in 1985, yet continued to revolve around the framework and liturgies of the Christian calendar. Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Religion Interfaith worship Sermons Sound Recordings Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rhem, Richard A. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/514">Richard A. Rhem papers (KII-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kaufman Interfaith Institute Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-2014 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 text/pdf Sound A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Event Pentecost II Scripture Text Isaiah 40:28-31, Ephesians 3:20 Location The location of the interview Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01_RA-0-19950618 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-06-18 Title A name given to the resource Beyond Our Wildest Dreams! Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richard A. Rhem Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Sermons Relation A related resource Richard A. Rhem - An Archive of Sermons, Prayers, Talks and Stories: http://richardrhem.org/ Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 Description An account of the resource A sermon given by Richard A. Rhem (Dick) on June 18, 1995 entitled "Beyond Our Wildest Dreams!", on the occasion of Pentecost II, at Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI. Scripture references: Isaiah 40:28-31, Ephesians 3:20. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/2b648f9c8b4d7e595089e58f24973425.pdf 33904c27e10276e6c462b647910c0670 PDF Text Text Beyond Reason: Discovery in Worship and Mission Christian Unity Sunday Text: Isaiah 49:6b; John 1:9 Richard A. Rhem Christ Community Church Spring Lake, Michigan Epiphany, January 19, 1997 Transcription of the spoken sermon (On this Christian Unity Sunday, the choirs of the two parishes, St. Mary's Catholic Church and Christ Community Church, in Spring Lake, have joined together in Antonio Vivaldi's "Gloria," during the 10:00 am worship hour. The choirs have been singing together, on occasion, since 1973, and there exists a special affection between the two parishes.) (Scripture is read by Jim Penrice, a seminarian intern at St. Mary's, from Mundelein Seminary.) On behalf of our pastor and all of your sisters and brothers at St. Mary's parish, I bring you warm greetings on this cold morning. Somewhere in the scripture it says, "It is good to be here." And it certainly is good to be with you today to worship together as sisters and brothers in Christ. This is a reading from the book of the prophet Isaiah: Listen to me, O coast lands, and hearken, you peoples from afar. The Lord called me from the womb, from the body of my mother he named my name. He made my mouth like a sharp sword. In the shadow of his hand, he hid me. He made me a polished arrow. In his quiver he hid me away. And he said to me, "You are my servant, Israel, in whom I will be glorified." But I said, "I have labored in vain. I have spent my strength for nothing and vanity, yet surely my right is with the Lord and my recompense with my God." And now the Lord says, who formed me from the womb to be his servant, to bring Jacob back to him and that Israel might be gathered to him, for I am honored in the eyes of the Lord and my God has become my strength. He says it is too light a thing that you should be my servant, to raise up the tribes of Jacob and to restore the preserved of Israel. I will give you as a light to the nations that my salvation may reach to the end of the earth." Thus says the Lord, the redeemer of Israel and his Holy One, to one deeply despised, abhorred by the nations, the servant of rulers. Kings shall see and arise, princes, and they shall © Grand Valley State University   �Beyond Reason: Worship Richard A. Rhem Page 2   prostrate themselves because of the Lord who is faithful, because of the Holy One of Israel who has chosen you. I invite you to please stand for the proclamation of the Gospel: In the beginning was the Word and the Word was with God and the Word was God. He was in the beginning with God. All things were made through him and without him was not anything made that was made. In him was life, and the life was the light of men. The light shines in the darkness and the darkness has not overcome it. There was a man sent from God whose name was John. He came for testimony, to bear witness to the light that all might believe through him. He was not the light, but came to bear witness to the light. The true light that enlightens every man was coming into the world. This is a great experience for us; it is the Sunday designated by a large part of the Church as Christian Unity Sunday. It's a time in which we acknowledge that which is not true, but that which ought to be true. We acknowledge that we know better than we do, and, over the past 25 years of my second term here in this congregation, one of the great experiences for me has been the warm friendship between our neighboring parishes, St. Mary's and Christ Community. We have sung Christmas carols together; we have joined together in ecumenical services; the choirs have made presentations as this morning; we've had good fellowship together in our halls with hot chocolate and good things to eat - it's been enriching for me to experience the unity and the community between these two parishes, and I've heard the same thing from many of you. I've heard it also from the people of St. Mary's when we've had these occasions because, prior to that, we lived in the community together, perhaps we were neighbors, maybe we worked together, but on Sunday morning there was this kind of "Iron Curtain" that divided us and no one gave us permission to embrace one another as brothers and sisters in the faith. And so, it has been a beautiful experience for two neighboring parishes, one Roman Catholic, one Protestant, to recognize that the things that divide us are superficial and the things that make us one are fundamental, and this morning is another wonderful experience of that unity that we have in Jesus Christ. God knows that unity is imperative for our world. The Roman Catholic theologian from whom I have learned so much, Hans Küng, has said that there will be no peace among the nations until there is peace among the religions, and there will be no peace among the religions until there is peace among the churches. That says it succinctly and pointedly, and it is true. Wherever you look in the globe today, wherever there is trouble, potential violence, living on the edge of war, you will find at the root of the conflict religious fervor, or someone using religion to fuel the fires of discord and alienation. It is imperative that as people of faith we learn to live together and in order to live together, it is imperative that we come to experience that oneness that is ours because we are all the children of the one © Grand Valley State University �Beyond Reason: Worship Richard A. Rhem Page 3   eternal God, who in the beginning brought all things into being and created humankind in God's image with a heart that continues to yearn, to embrace all God's children. I believe that's a biblical truth. The passage from Isaiah is a very familiar passage; it's one of the servant songs in that section of Isaiah 40-55, a servant poem in which, to begin with, the servant seems to be Israel itself, and then moves to an individual who calls Israel to come to itself and to realize its purpose, because the song indicates that Israel was to be the place in which God was glorified on earth. God chose this people and in this people God would show God's glory. And so, the servant is to call Jacob back to God, to that prior claim to be that place where the light of God would dwell on earth. God chose Israel, not to the exclusion of the nations, but in order to bring light to the nations, and in this poem after the servant hears the call to bring Jacob back to God, the voice says, "But, that's not enough. That's too light a task. I will make you a light to the nations in order that my salvation may be known to the end of the earth." I believe that Israel at its best, at its moments of most profound understanding, saw itself to be the light of God to share with the nations in order that the world might experience God's saving grace. We in the Christian Church believe that that light came to sharp focus in Jesus. In the prologue to his Gospel, John writes of the Word, the word that in the 14th verse becomes flesh. In the meantime, that word speaks of a God Who is the source of life and light for the world. The Gospel writer points to John the Baptist and says John was not the light, but John came to bear witness to the light, and that light that enlightens everyone was coming into the world. Christmas was the coming in human flesh of that one who would say, "I am the light of the world." Jesus was not, in himself, the source of light. Jesus was not the exclusive light given to humankind. Jesus was the human flesh, was that supreme moment when the light that flows from God, that enlightens everyone, was coming into sharp focus. Jesus became the locus of the light, the light of God that enlightens all. I believe that is biblically true. But, if it's true, how can we realize it? How can we make it concrete in our world? What I want to say to you this morning is that, beyond reason, the truth is discovered in worship and mission. I say, beyond reason, because we will never come to the experience and the realization of unity through rational discussion. It is strange for me to say that, eh? I'm the incurable theologian. I am always thinking, thinking, thinking. When I write with great persuasion, when I speak with the tongues of angels, I think the whole world will understand. I can't figure out why everybody doesn't see it! But, alas, I learned to my despair, that wellreasoned argument doesn't do it. It must be beyond reason; it must be experienced. When it is experienced, it need not be discussed, debated or argued. © Grand Valley State University �Beyond Reason: Worship Richard A. Rhem Page 4   When it is experienced, it is known; it becomes a reality, and it is my claim this morning that the experience comes not as I wish it would come, by some finely fashioned sermon, some theological discussion, some erudite essay - no. It will come when it comes in worship and in mission. It will come when "Gloria in excelsis Deo" is sung magnificently by human voice, accompanied by instrument. It will come when we as a people are lifted into the presence of the living God, when we are lifted out of ourselves and there is that transcendent moment when we know ourselves caught up in wonder, love and praise. It is in worship, those moments of adoration, those experiences when we lose our head, when we open our heart, when our whole being pulsates, when our goosebumps have goosebumps, and we know beyond any argument when we see two choirs gathered together from two parishes from two great traditions singing one voice to the glory of the one God - don't we know in that moment that we are together the children of God who delight in the worship of that combined chorus? It is in worship, whether in corporate worship like this or in other moments when in different gatherings we may suddenly experience ourselves together. You know that Saturday nights are sacred. I seldom venture out of the house, but we did last evening for a special occasion - the birthday of the husband of the cochair of the Jewish-Christian Dialogue Committee, Sylvia Kaufman, and it was one of those decade-turning birthdays, a very festive evening, a wonderful party. Because Sylvia and Dick Kaufman are Jewish, there were Jewish friends and relatives. But because they have been in that community so long, there were Gentiles, as well, and people of all stripes. And because Sylvia is Chair of the Jewish-Christian Committee, there were members of the committee. There happened to be four clergy persons there, and in spite of that, it wasn't a bad evening! Sylvia said, "How about our resident clergy blessing the meal before we partake?" And so, we did - a Presbyterian, a ... (what am I?), a Lutheran, and a Jewish rabbi, and for a moment that assembly there gathered knew a transcendence that deepened the evening and we knew that we were one before the true God Who gives us bread. It is in worship that the superficial things that divide us are dissolved and we know ourselves truly to be one. And it is in mission, it is when we are not thinking the faith, but doing the faith. It is when our Parlour on Thanksgiving is filled with the aroma of roast turkey and there are people from various parishes around the community gathered together to roll up their sleeves and serve those who need a place on Thanksgiving, washing the dishes, making this a place of hospitality. It doesn't really matter what your brand is. Together there is a servant community of the people of Christ serving as an expression concretely of the compassion of God for all of those who would come. It comes in mission. This is the birthday of Martin Luther King. It was 29 years ago that he was cut down by an assassin's bullet. He was a prophet in our midst. We liked him not a little, not a lot. He did not, of course, receive the honor in his life which is typical for prophets. But, he had a dream and in the rich cadences of that black preacher, © Grand Valley State University �Beyond Reason: Worship Richard A. Rhem Page 5   this nation was sensitized and we recognized the horror of the racism that was encased in law, and his dream caught on and black and white together began to make those moves to dismantle the structure of racism which is still far from where it ought to be, but which has been moved immeasurably by one man who had a dream of the day when people would be judged not by the color of their skin, but by the character of their soul. The dream was caught by black and white and young and old, and the landscape has changed, and we came together because we were doing what was right and when we were doing what was right, then we knew that there was a deeper unity that bound us together, that we were all the children of God. It is in worship and it is in mission that we come to experience the genuine unity of the human family. I got a call three or four weeks ago from a man named David or Daniel Fox. I had gotten a note to call this person. I didn't know who he was. There were some notes scribbled about what he wanted, but they didn't make any sense to me, and I've returned a few calls in the last few months that I wish I hadn't, and so I wasn't too eager to dial up this number, but I did. I found out that this was a gentleman who was a nephew of a chaplain in the Second World War who had been one of the four chaplains who had gone down with a troop ship. (Those of you who are older, like I am, will remember the story, perhaps.) He knew that I was a minister in the Reformed Church of America at the time and thought I might be able to give him some information about one of the chaplains, Clark Poling, who was a minister in the RCA I pointed him to the archives of the RCA and we chatted a bit about the story, which I did remember, but he reminded me that it was early in the Second World War, the USS Dorchester was torpedoed in the North Atlantic by a Nazi torpedo and they had not enough life jackets on board. There were four chaplains on board and those four chaplains took off their life preservers and handed them to the troops. And, as the troops were scrambling overside and into life boats, the chaplains stood on deck and they prayed for the troops, for their survival and their safety. The ship was mortally wounded and as it was slipping into that watery grave, the four chaplains stood on deck, linked arm in arm, praying for their people. One was a Methodist. One was a pastor in the Reformed Church. One was a Catholic priest, and one was a Jewish rabbi. What a picture. What an image. As they slipped under those icy waters and came into the presence of Light Eternal, do you suspect it mattered one whit that one was Jewish, one was Catholic and two were Protestant? Of course, it didn't. You know it didn't. The reason I know that you know it didn't, is that about five years ago I had an epiphany experience in this congregation. I was on my way to Brandeis University to a think tank on congregational affiliation for Catholics, Protestants and Jews. Do you remember? It happened to be Reformation Sunday and I told you where I was going and for what reason and I suggested that perhaps I should go to Brandeis and say to that group that what we really need to do, we who are © Grand Valley State University �Beyond Reason: Worship Richard A. Rhem Page 6   from Geneva, is go to Rome and pick up our brothers and sisters there and go to Constantinople, picking up more brothers and sisters, moving to Mecca and then to Jerusalem where we might all experience the truth - that we are all together the children of God. And you know what you did? It had never happened before. For the first time in my ministry, you applauded the sermon and you said to me "We've known it all along. When will you catch up with us?" You, the people, knew it. When I articulated it, you affirmed it, because you knew it. You knew it here and my confidence for the future lies in the fact that you know it and increasingly the people of God of whatever stripe will be saying to ecclesiastical leaders, church bureaucrats and bishops and all kinds of such animals, you will be saying, "Get out of the way!" because we're coming together, because in your heart, you know it's true. © Grand Valley State University � https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/9f2f012ad9ce38692adcd6676146dc99.mp3 6f1888b33127356521eb6787d5dea25b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard A. Rhem Collection Description An account of the resource Text and sound recordings of the sermons, prayers, services, and articles of Richard Rhem, pastor emeritus of Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, Michigan, where he served for 37 years. Starting in the mid 1980's, Rhem began to question some of the traditional Christian dogma that he had been espousing from the pulpit. That questioning was a first step in a long and interesting spiritual journey, one that he openly shared with his congregation. His journey is important, in part because it is reflective of the questioning, the yearnings, and the gradual revision of beliefs that many persons in this part of the century have experienced and continue to experience. It is important also because of the affirming and inclusive way his questioning was done and his thinking evolved. His sermons and other written and spoken materials together document the steps in his journey as it took a turn in 1985, yet continued to revolve around the framework and liturgies of the Christian calendar. Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Religion Interfaith worship Sermons Sound Recordings Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rhem, Richard A. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/514">Richard A. Rhem papers (KII-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kaufman Interfaith Institute Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-2014 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 text/pdf Sound A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Event Epiphany III Scripture Text Isaiah 49:6b, John 1:9 Location The location of the interview Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01_RA-0-19970119 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1997-01-19 Title A name given to the resource Beyond Reason: Discovery in Worship and Mission Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richard A. Rhem Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Sermons Relation A related resource Richard A. Rhem - An Archive of Sermons, Prayers, Talks and Stories: http://richardrhem.org/ Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Sound Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 application/pdf Description An account of the resource A sermon given by Richard A. Rhem (Dick) on January 19, 1997 entitled "Beyond Reason: Discovery in Worship and Mission", on the occasion of Epiphany III, at Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI. Scripture references: Isaiah 49:6b, John 1:9. Community of Grace Epiphany Inclusive Pluralism https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/65e68b112b74ab16626107de1f38b100.jpg ff27e48f853a5871c6c307e83af47337 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context BeyrleJohn Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Beyrle, John Description An account of the resource John Beyrle, GVSU '75 Alum, U.S. Ambassador to Bulgaria 2005-2008, U.S. Ambassador to Russia 2008-2012 Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/54719c67ded5839f1fb1ac5a9b34afca.m4v f5d6815a83bb4bfbbe2a3b07a838eed8 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0319198c314b2b4b58190e8db5730c6f.pdf dc2c41f16f840c4f3482f6e2571de484 PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans' History Project Joe Beyrle World War II 1 hour 25 seconds (00:00:27) Early Life -Born in Muskegon, Michigan on August 25, 1923 -Attended St. Joseph Catholic High School in Muskegon, Michigan -Attended Catholic schools for entire education and taught by Dominican nuns -Had a scholarship to the University of Notre Dame -Registered for college there -19 years old when he graduated from high school -Had been held back during elementary school because he couldn't speak English (00:01:28) Start of the War -Went to a pool hall called “The Hub” after church on December 7, 1941 -Heard about the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on the radio (00:01:57) Enlisting in the Army -Enlisted in the Army after coming home from registration at Notre Dame -Note: Mentioned later in the interview, enlisted on September 17, 1942 -Went to Camp Custer, Michigan -Heard a pitch about the paratroopers -Newly formed unit at the time -Decided to join the paratroopers -Approved to join the unit (00:02:57) Training at Camp Toccoa -Sent to Camp Toccoa, Georgia for the first part of training -Army sent psychiatrists to see why soldiers would willingly jump out of airplanes -95% of men joined because they wanted the extra $50 -The first 40 times he rode in an airplane, he jumped out of it -Colonel Robert Sink was his commander -Difficult training -Men usually washed out before getting to Fort Benning, Georgia -Even something as simple as falling behind in a run meant getting kicked out -Men that washed out were placed in W Company (“washed out” company) (00:04:43) Assignment to the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment -Assigned to I Company of the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment of the 101st Airborne Division -Served with men from all over the United States -Received radio and demolitions training before joining the unit -Joined the 506th at Camp Mackall, North Carolina -Went on maneuvers in Tennessee -Moved to Fort Bragg, North Carolina -Processed there to go overseas (00:05:58) Preparation for D-Day Pt. 1 -Sent to England and arrived there on September 17, 1943 -Exactly one year after he enlisted -Didn't know about the invasion of France until two days before the invasion -Saw a sand table indicating the planned drop zones for the paratroopers �-Note: A sand table is a 3D topographical map for planning purposes -Supposed to land five miles behind Utah Beach -Knew they would have to fight to reach the key bridges -Felt prepared to do the combat jump (00:08:20) Secret Missions in France -Called to the battalion headquarters -He was Technician 4th Grade-Radio Operator at the time -Commanding officer volunteered him for an OSS (predecessor to CIA) mission into occupied France -Briefed in Bournemouth, England by an OSS agent to prepare for the mission in France -Objective was to deliver gold to the French Resistance to fund their resistance efforts -Jumped into France on his own -Most of the Resistance fighters he encountered spoke English -Did two of these missions in France -Both missions were easy thanks to his training -Each mission lasted about two weeks -Moved from safe house to safe house -On one mission he rode on a horse -Ordered to shoot the horse if intercepted by a German patrol -Horse knew how to get to a French Resistance safe house -Flown back to Barmouth, England and then rejoined the 506th -His cover story was that he was visiting his “sick” brother stationed in northern England -Returned to the 506th in early May 1944 (00:14:37) Preparation for D-Day Pt. 2 -Did a few practice jumps in England -Similar terrain to France -Not allowed to make contact with the outside world (write letters, radio, etc.) -British civilians didn't ask any questions -There were 2,000 men in the 506th -Four companies per battalion -5,000 men had originally applied to the 506th -On his third practice jump they were told about the invasion of France -Shown the sand tables, given French francs, and a French-English phrase book -Didn't know the scope of D-Day -Didn't know about the involvement of the beach landings or the other airborne units (00:17:45) D-Day Pt. 1 -Left England out of Exeter late on June 5, 1944 -Landed in France on 1:30 a.m. on June 6 -There were 17 men per C-47 plane (known as a “stick”) -He was part of I Company headquarters unit -Fourth man to jump out of his plane -Jumped with I Company's commander -Objective was to land one mile from key bridges, regroup, and capture the bridges -Jumped five seconds too early -Landed on a church roof in the town of Saint-Come-du-Mont -Had he landed at the intended drop zone he probably would've been killed by artillery -Jumped at 400 feet -Took fire from German troops -Slid off the church roof and fell into a cemetery -Didn't get injured on the jump �-Taught to relax and tumble when he hit the ground -Once he reached the ground he cut himself out of his chute -Carried a 30 pound radio and 125 pounds of other weapons and gear -Thompson sub-machine gun, M1A1 carbine, a belt of .30 caliber ammo, and two rockets -Other paratrooper landed at the house across from the church -Original drop zone was a large field surrounded by hedgerows -Germans had artillery focused on the drop zone -Remembers a lot of noise from the gunfire -Moved out of the cemetery and got onto the railroad tracks -He was by himself and going the wrong way -Saw an electrical substation -Placed explosives on the generator and destroyed it -Improvised attack to help disrupt the Germans -Made his way toward Highway 13 -Ran into a hedgerow and decided to jump over it (00:27:45) Captured-The First Time -Jumped over the hedgerow and fell into a German machine gun nest manned by nine or ten Germans -Germans pointed their guns at him and took his weapons from him -Because he had a Thompson SMG they thought he was an officer -Note: Usually only officers carried the Thompson -Didn't know if he was going to be captured or executed -Taken to an underground headquarters in an orchard -Only gave his name, rank, and serial number as per the Geneva Convention -Female German intelligence officer knew his unit and the unit's details -Mad at him because he hadn't danced with her in England -She was a Nazi spy named Gretchen (00:31:06) Prisoner of War Pt. 1 -Note: He was captured a second time during D-Day -He was taken to an interrogation center and was beaten by regular German soldiers -Hadn't eaten for 15 days -Called a German officer a son of a bitch -Beaten so bad that he lost consciousness and woke up two days later in a hospital (00:32:29) Captured-The Second Time -Had been marched out of Saint-Come-du-Mont toward Carentan with other prisoners -Took artillery fire and got away from his German captors -Took a piece of shrapnel in his butt and two Americans lost their legs -Got separated from the other American soldiers and managed to jump into another German position -This time the German soldiers took his dog tags (00:35:19) Prisoner of War Pt. 2 -Marched to Carentan then to Saint-Lo, onto “Starvation Hill” - “Starvation Hill” was a monastery being used as a collection area for prisoners of war -From “Starvation Hill” he was sent to the interrogation center and then to the hospital after the beating -Once he recovered he was moved to Alencon to Chartres to Paris -Marched through Paris for German propaganda -French civilians were forced to throw garbage at the prisoners of war -Staged by Nazi officials, believes the civilians were held at gunpoint -Prodded with a bayonet to keep moving -Taken to a railroad station and they were loaded onto 40 & 8 boxcars -Note: 40 & 8 boxcars could carry 40 men or 8 horses �-50 prisoners were loaded onto these boxcars -Traveled for seven days and seven nights -Had to defecate in overflowing buckets -Train got strafed on the second day of travel -About a dozen men were killed and a dozen men were wounded -Treated the wounded as best as they could -Reached Lindberg, Germany -Greeted by German soldiers and guard dogs snapping at the prisoners of war -Registered as prisoners of war -Assigned a prisoner of war dog tag with ID #80123 -Deloused and showered -Remembers en route to Saint-Lo they were in unmarked trucks -Resulted in getting strafed by an American plane -A POW in his box car had jumped into an old latrine ditch and stunk -Aware of the genocide being carried out by the Nazis -Didn't know if the showers would produce water, or poison gas -Allowed to keep his American uniform (00:42:01) Prisoner at Stalag IV-B -Transferred to Stalag IV-B (prisoner-of-war camp) in Muhlberg, Germany -Highly organized prison camp -Remembers on September 17, 1944 learning about Operation Market Garden -German soldier told him the 101st Airborne Division dropped into Holland -Knew that France had been liberated (00:43:42) Prisoner at Stalag III-C Pt. 1 -Moved to Stalac III-C (another prisoner-of-war camp) in eastern Germany (now part of Poland) -He was part of the first group of American prisoners-of-war to arrive at the camp -Surrounded by barbed wire -24 men per barracks -Three-high bunk beds -Kept there from September-November 1944 (00:44:30) First Escape & Recaptured -Escaped from Stalag III-C in November 1944 -Started receiving Red Cross care packages once he reached Germany -Each package came with dehydrated food and five (to seven) cigarettes -He didn't smoke, so he collected every pack of cigarettes he received -Bribed a German guard with 40 packs of cigarettes to let him cut the wire -Had walked the camp line and befriended the guard -Learned that a pack of cigarettes on the black market cost equivalent of $50 -Escaped with two other prisoners -Jumped aboard a freight train and wound up in Berlin -Wanted to contact the German Resistance for help -Asked an older railroad worker for help and he refused -Asked another German worker who agreed to help him and the other prisoners -The German turned Joe and the other American prisoners over to the Gestapo -Held at Gestapo headquarters and beaten for two weeks -German Army officials threatened to kill the Gestapo officials to get back the POWs -POWs “belonged” to the military, not the police (00:48:32) Stalag III-C Pt. 2 -Returned to Stalag III-C and placed in solitary confinement for 30 days �-Bread and water diet -Red Cross came to inspect the camp and he was released from solitary confinement -German government didn't want any evidence they were abusing prisoners-of-war (00:49:37) Second Escape -In January 1945 he and a few other prisoners planned a second escape -Knew how the war was going and that the Nazi regime was nearing its end -Worked with a German “ferret” named Schultz -One prisoner faked a heart attack while Joe and another prisoner assisted him -Schultz escorted them to the edge of the camp then started a diversionary fight -Sneaked onto an old man's cart to get out of the camp -Germans realized the prisoners had escaped and sent out a search team with dogs -Two of the prisoners were killed, but he managed to get away from his pursuers (00:51:54) The Red Army -Traveled east for a week and came upon a farmhouse -Asked for food, but the family denied him for fear of retaliation from the Germans -Hid in the barn -Soviet forces camped at the farm and he observed them for a day before coming out -Identified himself as an American and asked to talk to an officer -Requested to fight with the Red Army, and the male officer denied his request -A female officer intervened and said Joe could fight with them -Rode on a Soviet tank across Germany for 30 days -Liberated his old prison camp with Soviet forces -Advanced toward Berlin and en route got attacked by German Stuka dive bombers -He was wounded and was sent to a Soviet hospital for recovery -Met Marshal Georgy Zhukov -Joe needed proof of his American citizenship, but lacked the paperwork -Marshal Zhukov got him the proper paperwork (00:55:53) Getting Back to the United States -Went to Warsaw, Poland to try and find an American embassy -City was destroyed and there was no embassy -Polish man took him to a convent run by the Sisters of St. Joseph -Spent four or five days there getting treated by the nuns -The Polish man visited him every day -Went to the Red Army headquarters in Warsaw and presented his paperwork from Marshal Zhukov -Requested transit to Moscow -Took two weeks to travel by train to Moscow -Taken to the American embassy in Moscow -Explained his situation to the American Marine major at the embassy -Told Joe that the Pentagon believed he'd been killed in action on June 10, 1944 -Meant that he couldn't stay in the embassy because he was “dead” -Moved to the Metropol Hotel in Moscow until the embassy could sort out his records -Once he was confirmed alive then he could return to the embassy -Flown to Odessa, Soviet Union (now Ukraine) and returned to the United States from there � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27_BeyrleJ0102V Title A name given to the resource Beyrle, Joseph R (Interview outline and video), 2015 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015-11-01 Description An account of the resource Joey Beyrle was born on August 25, 1923 in Muskegon, Michigan. On September 17, 1942 he enlisted in the Army, applied for the paratroopers, and was approved for that unit. He trained at Camp Toccoa and Fort Benning, Georgia receiving Airborne Training and training with radios and demolitions. He joined I Company of the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment of the 101st Airborne Division at Camp Mackall, North Carolina. He and the rest of the unit left the United States and went to England arriving there on September 17, 1943. He participated in two, secret OSS missions in occupied France prior to the invasion of France. On June 6, 1944 he parachuted into France and was subsequently captured by German forces, twice. He was interred at Stalag IV-B then at Stalag III-C where he escaped. He was recaptured in Berlin and returned to Stalag III-C. He escaped again and linked up with the Red Army. He traveled with them for 30 days before getting wounded. Once he recovered he went to the American embassy in Moscow and returned to the United States by way of Odessa. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Beyrle, Joseph R. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Boring, Frank (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Veterans Video recordings World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American United States. Army Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project collection, (RHC-27)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries. Allendale, Michigan Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/x-m4v application/pdf https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/e5a7cd856a32636f1658813274e809c2.pdf 45bf4f946a6bd90473faea70bd7ac3e9 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Biblia [German] [folium 120] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_120BibliaGermanica1483 Description An account of the resource One leaf from Biblia [German], printed in Nuremberg by Anton Koberger on February 17, 1483. [GW 4303; ISTC ib00632000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Nuremberg: Anton Koberger Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Language A language of the resource de Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1483 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/e6eb61a6ad38cb87ecf0a973934f385b.pdf 433cf79c5605935dd2e4e2b0e78dfba8 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Biblia [German] [folium 191] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_191BibliaGerman1483 Description An account of the resource One leaf from Biblia [German], printed in Nuremberg by Anton Koberger on February 17, 1483. Illustrated with red and blue rubricated initials. Folium was used to bind Barnasoles Claravallensis [A44]. [GW 4303; ISTC ib00632000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Nuremberg: Anton Koberger Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Language A language of the resource de Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1483 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/08ca19c8b3ee33a03cba4553e3612aea.pdf 1b0f28e515aeee571a2b855996291e95 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Biblia [German] [folium 22] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_022BibliaGermanica1474 Description An account of the resource One leaf of Biblia [German] illustrated with red rubricated initials. Folium Lxxxxiii, "Das Buch der Wurkung der Zwelfbotten" from ch. 22-23 Biblia Germanica. Printed in Augsburg by Günther Zainer circa 1475. [GW 4298; ISTC ib00627000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Augsburg: Günther Zainer Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Bible Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1475 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/61c65c9dd9ca7adfe92ce7d0a629eeac.pdf edf95dd9d6ac646378b3d4f2b55ae2f8 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Biblia [German] [folium 46] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_046BibliaGerman1483 Description An account of the resource One leaf from Biblia [German], illustrated with red and blue initials. Printed in Nuremberg by Anton Koberger on February 17, 1483. [GW 4303; ISTC ib00632000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Nuremberg: Anton Koberger Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Language A language of the resource de Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1483 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/554dac5088e9df4052afa92b9c3a60d8.pdf 57d014067e996f77dc5d1acb86716f0d PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Biblia [Latin] (Nuremberg) [folium 13] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_013BibliaLatina1479 Description An account of the resource One leaf of Biblia latina with additions by Menardus Monachus. Illustrated with red and blue rubricated initials. Actus apostolorum, from Biblia Latina, printed in Nuremberg by Anton Koberger in 1479. [GW 4239; ISTC ib00564000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Nuremberg: Anton Koberger Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Bible Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1479 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Monachus, Menardus (additions) Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4fbfb033a7a26f66caac8b1b3ae1e6ec.pdf 44aa2466b74744a6aac1dd3e651b3aa5 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Biblia [Latin] [folium 18] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_018BibliaLatina1480 Description An account of the resource One leaf of Biblia latina illustrated with red and blue rubricated initials. Printed in Venice by Octavianus Scotus in 1480. [GW 4245; ISTC ib00570000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Venice: Octavianus Scotus Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Bible Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1480 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0332fcef5edf25e0a67a86f04e4bc387.pdf 934b5541a97280af8fe7466034c79e9e PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Biblia [Latin] [folium 19] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_019BibliaLatina1489 Description An account of the resource One leaf of Biblia latina illustrated with red and blue rubricated initials. Printed in Venice by Bonetus Locatellus for Octavianus Scotus in 1489. [GW 4291; ISTC ib00616000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Venice: Bonetus Locatellus Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Bible Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1489 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/6c75779623cb91106be9374b0c03f707.pdf 43a375e5d0f76292ef7a5b4022001525 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Biblia [Latin] [folium 27] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_027BibliaLatina1498 Description An account of the resource One leaf of Biblia latina illustrated with red and blue rubricated initials. Printed in Basel by Johann Froben and Johann Petri de Langendorff in 1498. [GW 4284; ISTC ib00609000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Basel: Johann Froben and Johann Petri de Langendorff Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Bible Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1498 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/60e2cb824d69859762c04c5b38eb27b7.pdf 47b53b3c33382cb8dfc3e88340e3511b PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Biblia [Latin] [folium 38] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_038BibliaLatina1480 Description An account of the resource One leaf of Biblia latina illustrated with red rubricated initials. Printed in Cologne by Nicolaus Götz in 1480. [GW 4244; ISTC ib00569000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cologne: Nicolaus Götz Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Bible Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1480 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/1411c069fbd142038cc8f638d280f9d4.pdf 2f7b5e3f25c742ced90abc21e301892a PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Biblia [Latin] [folium 40] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_040BibliaLatina1497 Description An account of the resource One leaf of Biblia Latina (2 Chronicles 9-10) printed in Nuremberg by Anton Koberger in 1497. Illustrated with red rubricated initials. [GW 4294; ISTC ib00619000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Nuremberg: Anton Koberger Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Bible Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1497 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/63d407b747c90999dffb8cea9c3e85e3.pdf 4b1f1fbe8a51621b559ed385758c8797 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Biblia [Latin] [folium 42] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_042BibliaLatina1493 Description An account of the resource One leaf of Biblia Latina (Folium "Ecclesiastes," Ppiii from v. 2.) printed in Nuremberg by Anton Koberger in 1493. Illustrated with red rubricated initials. [GW 4293; ISTC ib00618000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Nuremberg: Anton Koberger Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Bible Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1493 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/fe4f64e12d2e4173dac04c915d596d87.pdf 5ba9ff60181f9ef411acb350ecec26e6 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Biblia latina [folium 114] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_114BibliaLatina1475 Description An account of the resource One leaf from Biblia latina, printed in Nuremberg by Anton Koberger on November 16, 1475. Illustrated with red rubricated initials. [GW 4218; ISTC ib00543000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Nuremberg: Anton Koberger Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1475 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/21c57d3bd87864379213569fdb4a3b6c.pdf 479f4f2ecb0b7134fd28107a6f1dc93d PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Biblia latina [folium 116] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_116BibliaLatina1478 Description An account of the resource One leaf from Biblia latina (with additions by Menardus Monachus). Printed in Nuremberg by Anton Koberger on April 14, 1478. Illustrated with red rubricated initials. [GW 4232; ISTC ib00557000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Nuremberg: Anton Koberger Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1478 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Monachus, Menardus (additions) Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/cc41ef9f44ccee4c5dd0f8f9bb8b23e0.pdf aad42325306654b000cded72f2608620 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Biblia latina [folium 135] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_135BibliaLatina1489 Description An account of the resource One leaf from Biblia latina, printed in Speyer by Peter Drach in 1489. [GW 4264; ISTC ib00587000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Speyer: Peter Drach Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1489 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/fd0e031e07bc632b455c845c957f931c.pdf 0f11906acb14347f8a093160aafed495 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Biblia latina [folium 156] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_156BibliaLatina1489 Description An account of the resource One leaf from Biblia latina, printed in Strassburg by Johann Prüss in 1489. Illustrated with red rubricated initals. [GW 4265; ISTC ib00588000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Strassburg: Johann Prüss Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1489 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/21242e7cf633cede120bec44ef9b1b3d.pdf 53b07251db4c69b810e7eb777d737b86 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Biblia latina [folium 178] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_178BibliaLatina1495 Description An account of the resource One leaf from Biblia latina, with table of Gabriel Brunus (revised). Printed in Basel by Johann Froben on October 27, 1495. [GW 4275; ISTC ib00598000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Basel: Johann Froben Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1495 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/00a8145fc9b1e29664550f7ee9a6c8c9.pdf d22235d1e5bb82ab123ce0e319317e3f PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Biblia latina [folium 180] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_180BibliaLatina1497 Description An account of the resource One leaf from Biblia latina, with table of Gabriel Brunus (revised). Printed in Strassburg by Johann (Reinhard) Grüninger on April 26, 1497. Illustrated with red rubricated initials. [GW 4277; ISTC ib00600000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Strassburg: Johann (Reinhard) Grüninger Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1497 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Type The nature or genre of the resource Text