784
24
26018
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/bf03719e037388a7a06822be337bdd0a.jpg
1fcd98cbf457f08e41674a4eb094cc16
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
D.J. Angus Photographs
Subject
The topic of the resource
Photographs
Photography—United States
Mexico
Engineering
Indiana
Michigan
Description
An account of the resource
An extensive photographic record of Angus’ work and travels throughout the U.S. and Mexico. The images of manmade and natural phenomenon often reflect his interest in engineering projects that include dams, bridges, mines, power plants, cliff dwellings, and quarries.
Indiana resident and entrepreneur, D. J. Angus produced an extensive photographic record of his work and travels throughout the U.S. and Mexico, during the late 1920s -1940s. The images of manmade and natural phenomenon often reflect his interest in engineering projects that include dams, bridges, mines, power plants, cliff dwellings, and quarries. Over 10,000 still images from 1903-1966 document Angus’ family, friends, business, and travels. Over 12,000 ft. of 16mm movie film complete this collection.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Angus, Donald James (D.J.)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/437">D.J. Angus Photographs (RHC-04)</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image/jpg
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RHC-04
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1900-1960
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2017-03-21
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/437">D.J. Angus photographs and films, RHC-04</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RHC-04-A5-851
Title
A name given to the resource
Pennsylvania. Sailboats on the Delaware River
Description
An account of the resource
Sailboats on the Delaware River in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Pennsylvania
Photographs
Photography
Philadelphia (Pa.)
Sailboats
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Angus, Donald James (D. J.)
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image/jpeg
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1915
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/264f610d90e4fb81c6b8b084188ab27b.jpg
a034530a8336384ebdc2d192897077d9
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/dc0ad01bbe148824db9e186e08eaa375.jpg
59246beeed5518ec8655f250f2359a84
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Civil War and Slavery Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865
Slavery--United States
African Americans
United States--Politics and government--19th century
Description
An account of the resource
A selection of correspondence, diaries, official documents, photographs related to the American Civil War and to the institution of slavery, collected by Harvey E. Lemmen. The collection includes a selection of documents from ten states related to the ownership of slaves and abolition, correspondence and documents of soldiers who fought in the war and from family members and officials, diaries and letters of individuals, and a collection of mailing envelopes decorated with patriotic imagery.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Lemmen, Harvey E.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/472">Civil War and Slavery Collection (RHC-45)<br /></a><a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/470">John Bennitt Diaries and Correspondence (RHC-43)<br /></a><a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/471">Nathan Sargent Papers (RHC-44)<br /></a><a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/478">Theodore Peticolas Diary (RHC-51)<br /></a><a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/476">Civil War Patriotic Envelopes Collection (RHC-51)<br /></a><a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/479">Whitely Read Diary (RHC-52)</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1804-1897
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image/jpg; application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image; Text
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1804-1897
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Pennsylvania. The Loyal States, Union
Description
An account of the resource
Design shows female with flag and state coat of arms and "Pennsylvania, The Loyal States, Union." Design in blue on a white envelope. Designed and manufactured by Reagles & Co., 1 Chambers Street, N.Y.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RHC-49_PE099
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a>
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Subject
The topic of the resource
United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865
Postal service--United States--History
Covers (Philatety)--United States--History
Patriotic envelopes
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/476">Civil War patriotic envelopes, (RHC-49)</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image/jpeg
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/61554dd4976046f2fd01c50afd8c9031.jpg
513e6b094d39f93b03bb0f43e09b0bff
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert H. Merrill photographs
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1909/1950
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222)
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
In Copyright
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RHC-222
Description
An account of the resource
Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family.
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Merrill_FilmPacks_1_007
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1937-01-19
Title
A name given to the resource
Pensacola Beach
Description
An account of the resource
Pensacola Beach, Florida. The image was taken from the pier.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Beaches
Pensacola Beach (Fla.)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222)
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
In Copyright
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image/jpg
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/3cad52150b46349bc44857d95911772d.jpg
8f41d1fdf043a09cb1610cba2610e450
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Naval Recognition Training Slides
Subject
The topic of the resource
Slides
Military education
Airplanes, Military--Recognition
Warships--Recognition
World War, 1939-1945
Description
An account of the resource
Slides developed during World War II as a training tool, for top-side battle-station personnel on board ship and for all aircraft personnel, by the US Navy. In 1942 a Recognition School was established by the Navy at Ohio State University where the method of identification was developed. In 1943 the school was taken over by the US Navy. The importance of training in visual recognition of ships and aircraft became even more evident during World War II. Mistakes resulting in costly errors and loss of life led to an increased emphasis on recognition as a vital skill.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
United States. Navy
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides (RHC-50)</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2017-04-04
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image/jpg
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RHC-50
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1943-1953
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Source
<a href="http://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides, RHC-50</a>
Dublin Core
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Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RHC-50_M1209
Title
A name given to the resource
Pensacola class heavy cruiser
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
United States. Navy
Description
An account of the resource
Pensacola class, US CA (heavy cruiser), November 1, 1943.
Subject
The topic of the resource
United States. Navy
World War, 1939-1945
Military education
Warships--Recognition
Slides
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a>
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image/jpeg
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Naval recognition slides (RHC-50)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1943-11-01
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/7131a72a27509eb056f13a242c6d958f.jpg
10b242aa3977be991ae628009bf17abd
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Naval Recognition Training Slides
Subject
The topic of the resource
Slides
Military education
Airplanes, Military--Recognition
Warships--Recognition
World War, 1939-1945
Description
An account of the resource
Slides developed during World War II as a training tool, for top-side battle-station personnel on board ship and for all aircraft personnel, by the US Navy. In 1942 a Recognition School was established by the Navy at Ohio State University where the method of identification was developed. In 1943 the school was taken over by the US Navy. The importance of training in visual recognition of ships and aircraft became even more evident during World War II. Mistakes resulting in costly errors and loss of life led to an increased emphasis on recognition as a vital skill.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
United States. Navy
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides (RHC-50)</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2017-04-04
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image/jpg
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RHC-50
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1943-1953
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Source
<a href="http://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides, RHC-50</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RHC-50_MX210
Title
A name given to the resource
Pensacola class heavy cruiser
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
United States. Navy
Description
An account of the resource
Pensacola class, US CA (heavy cruiser), April 25, 1945.
Subject
The topic of the resource
United States. Navy
World War, 1939-1945
Military education
Warships--Recognition
Slides
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a>
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image/jpeg
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Naval recognition slides (RHC-50)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1945-04-25
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/168321aee44e454c430d6d651b54c4ad.jpg
80a3469ccc8e55c6ea70f3b86b70cd41
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Summers in Saugatuck-Douglas Collection
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Grand Valley State University. Kutsche Office of Local History
Description
An account of the resource
Collection contains images and documents digitized and collected through the project "Stories of Summer," supported by a National Endowment for the Humanities Common Heritage Grant. The collection aims to document the twin lakeshore communities of Saugatuck and Douglas, Michigan, as they transformed through the state's bustling tourism industry and acceptance of minorities.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1910s-2010s
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Various
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">Copyright Undetermined</a>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Michigan
Saugatuck (Mich.)
Douglas (Mich.)
Michigan, Lake
Allegan County (Mich.)
Beaches
Sand dunes
Outdoor recreation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries. Allendale, Michigan
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Saugatuck-Douglas History Center
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Stories of Summer (Common Heritage project)
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image/jpeg
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Text
Language
A language of the resource
English
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DC-07_SD-Red-Misc-32
Title
A name given to the resource
PEO
Description
An account of the resource
A newspaper article titled "Today in History," which honors the 50th Anneversary of the Red Barn Playhouse. It includes several dates, including the elections of several presidents.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Michigan
Saugatuck (Mich.)
Douglas (Mich.)
Community theater
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Digital file collected by the Kutsche Office of Local History from the Saugatuck Douglas History Center for the Stories of Summer project.
Relation
A related resource
Stories of Summer (project)
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">Copyright Undetermined</a>
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image/jpeg
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/8281d868c43c3dd4bc3c37e37a4b55a9.jpg
eec6c2b359e1a56311f3a552807d099f
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Temple B'nai Israel Collection
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Temple B'nai Israel (Muskegon, Mich.)
Description
An account of the resource
Collection of photographs, scrapbooks, programs, minutes, and other records of the Temple B'nai Israel in Muskegon, Michigan. The collection was created as part of the L'dor V'dor project directed by Dr. Marilyn Preston, and was supported by grants from the Kutsche Office of Local History and Michigan Humanities Council. Original materials were digitized by the University Libraries and returned to the synagogue.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Digital objects were contributed by Temple B'nai Israel as part of the L'dor V'dor project.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Jews--United States
Muskegon (Mich.)
Scrapbooks
Synagogues
Women--Societies and clubs
Minutes (Records)
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Allendale, Michigan
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Preston, Marilyn
Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives
Relation
A related resource
L'dor V'dor (project)
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DC-08
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Image
Text
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
image/jpeg
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Circa 1920s-2018
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
People in front of a car and building
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
B'nai Israel Temple
Description
An account of the resource
Rube Levy, Francis Fine, Low Berman, Lyle Rogers and an unidentified person in front of a car. A partially constructed temple is seen in the background.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Digital file contributed by the B'nai Israel Temple as part of the L'dor V'dor project.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Jews--United States
Muskegon (Mich.)
Portraits, Group
Relation
A related resource
L'dor V'dor (project)
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DC-08_Rube-Levy_Francis-Fine_Low-Berman_ Lyle-Rogers
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image/jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/37ba8a4f1a4154b6f67a17395fc2f79e.mp3
98c772b8b3cc527f90bd758b3e3cdbf5
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/a9ceaef2374249a6dbcc1bbd9205effa.pdf
d03c21be40457e7eb6e8c6dfe2c2831e
PDF Text
Text
People of the Way
From the series: The Way of Peace/The Way of the Cross
Lent IV
Acts 9:1-2, Matthew 16:21-26
Richard A. Rhem
Christ Community Church
Spring Lake, Michigan
March 30, 2003
Transcription of the spoken sermon
Before there was any talk about Jesus as some kind of God figure, before there was
any talk about God as Triune, any Doctrine of the Trinity, there was a Jew named
Jesus, Jesus of Nazareth, a fully human being, and those who followed him believed
that he was God's Messiah. Messiah is a transliteration from the Hebrew and the
word means anointed. As you know, Messiah in Hebrew transliterates into English
from the Greek as Christ. So that early band of followers believed that Jesus, this
man that they knew to be fully human, was the anointed of God, and the special
anointed one who would deliver Israel from all of its troubles and establish the
dream, that marvelous, prophetic dream of the new Eden, that dream of the
harmony between God and creation, between God and humanity, between humanity
and creation and between human being and human being, that total harmony which,
in a word, is Shalom. Those who followed Jesus believed him to be the anointed one
of God to effect that dream. In so believing, they followed him with great
expectation.
The early followers were all Jewish and that Jewish movement became eventually a
largely Gentile movement, and tragically became separated from the womb of
Judaism and eventually became the Christian Church. The Jewish followers of Jesus,
following his crucifixion and resurrection, believed that he would come again,
because obviously their hopes and dreams for what the Messiah would do had not
happened. In the argument between the ongoing Jewish community and these
Jewish followers of Jesus, the argument about the Messiah came down to this: the
ongoing Jewish community said, "Messiah has come? Right, already! Look at the
world. This is the Messianic kingdom?" And, of course, a crucified Messiah did throw
the wrench into the machinery. How could they explain a crucified Messiah? Out of
that apocalyptic expectation came this whole idea of the Messiah who came would
come again, or the one who came would come as the Messiah. There were various
ideas floating around at that time. But, essentially, there was an ongoing Jewish
community who said," The Messiah is still to come. Just look at the world."
© Grand Valley State University
�People of the Way
Richard A. Rhem
Page
2
And there was a Jewish Jesus community that said, "Messiah has come and will
come again shortly, imminently, and establish the kingdom according to all of our
hopes and dreams."
So, two communities, both of them expecting a Messiah because they really were one
community. But, one part of that community saying he is still to come, and the other
part of that community saying he has come and he is coming again to finish the
work.
If I could argue with both communities for a moment, I would say to the Jewish
community, "You are right in that you expect the Messiah to be a fully human being.
There is nothing in the Hebrew scriptures that would give the idea that the one who
would come anointed with the spirit of God was anything but human. There was the
expectation of a human being fully anointed with the spirit of God."
And I would say to the Christian community, "But you are right that Messiah has
come, that human being has arrived." And how are we going to put all of that
together? To the orthodox of the Jewish community expecting Messiah to come
through some great intervention of God to make it all right, and the Christian
community expecting Messiah to return as a great act of God to make it all right, I
would say, "Both of you are expecting one to come and a great intervention of God to
make it all right. One of you believes that one has come. The other believes that one
is still coming. I want to say to both of you, nobody is coming."
To the Jewish community, I want to say, "You are right. The one who came was
human."
To the Christian community, I want to say, "You're right. That one has come. When
the word was made flesh and dwelt among us."
And I want to say to both Jewish and Christian communities there is no future grand
act of God out there. God has acted in one Jesus, fully human, full of the spirit, and
the final revelation of God is in the embodiment of the human in Jesus, not just
Jesus alone, but Jesus as the model or paradigm of the intention of God. If there was
a universal embodiment of that which Jesus embodied, we would realize the Shalom
of the prophet's dream. The way of Jesus is the way of peace. And the people who
gathered around him began to be called People of the Way.
If we go to the text of the morning for a moment, Jesus was very clear about what lay
ahead of him. I think those verses in Matthew 16 are stylized after the fact, crucified
and on a third day rise again, and all of that. That prediction is just too neat. If it was
all that simple and clear ahead of time, why all the confusion?
But, on the other hand, it is understandable that Jesus with his followers would have
talked about the inevitability of what lay before him. Must they not have gathered in
the evening and talked about where they were and what was happening, and what
would happen tomorrow, and did not Jesus know that the way of peace would
© Grand Valley State University
�People of the Way
Richard A. Rhem
Page
3
become the way of the cross? So, to talk about that was not predictive prophecy, it
was just awareness and common sense. Was not the fate of the prophet traditionally
to be rejected, to suffer and to die? Did they not have John the Baptist in their own
recent experience who was killed by the king? And so, they talked about it and then
Jesus said, "If anybody would follow me, let him take up his cross daily. If anyone
would be my follower, my disciple, it will involve a daily taking up of the cross and a
following in my way. And you ought to know that it is a dangerous and serious
business, because you do so at the risk of your life, for if you follow me, it will cost
you your life. But, ironically, thereby you will find life." That was the clear claim and
call of Jesus, "Follow me, cross, loss of life, which is life.
To take up one's cross is a dangerous and a serious business, and it ought not to be
done, Jesus said, without clarity. No subterfuge, no fudging here. Oh, we speak often
about bearing our cross. People often sympathize with Nancy being married to me
and she says, "Yes, it is just the cross I bear." Well, that is not the cross she bears, it
is just lack of judgment and bad luck. To bear your cross is a deliberate and
voluntary act, in this case, of discipleship and becoming one of the people of the way.
There were those who followed him that believed in him and they made the choice,
and a community began to grow so that, having crucified Jesus to get him out of the
way, was not to do away with the threat after all, and so there continued to be
persecution, first of all within the Sadducean Temple crew because this community
was a threat to that established order.
Paul, in all of his zeal and all of his good Hebrew faith, was on his way to do damage
to the people of the way when he is turned around in his tracks and now he begins to
see that this one was, indeed, God's anointed one, and he becomes the flaming
evangelist throughout that ancient world. Finally, returning to Jerusalem to worship,
he is recognized by some who knew him in Ephesus and they point him out and they
have him arrested, and eventually he comes before the Roman governor, and now
this one who was about to stamp out the people of the way acknowledges before the
Roman governor, "I am of the way which my brothers and sisters call a sect." That's
what we do in the religious game, of course. Any other group that gets a little bit
fuzzy on the edges we call a sect or a cult. That is what was happening. This was an
inter-Jewish story. All of these people were Jewish. Paul was never anything but a
Jew. The disciples were never anything but Jewish. The early community was
nothing but Jewish, and Paul had hoped that this Messiah, Jesus, could be
incorporated within the covenant faith of Israel. There was no reason in the world
why there had to be a break and a fracture. Nonetheless, the Roman imperial power
could not allow this community to flourish, because finally it was Rome that saw the
threat to its empire. Finally it was Rome that crucified Jesus.
We know about the Roman persecution of that early movement. Go to Rome and
visit the catacombs and see eloquent witness to the persecution of those people and
how they had to worship down in the bowels of the earth. Rome could not
countenance a religious movement that would not bow down to the imperial throne.
Rome didn't really care how many sacrifices you offered or how many candles you
burned. The one thing Rome said was, "Acknowledge that Caesar is Lord and you
© Grand Valley State University
�People of the Way
Richard A. Rhem
Page
4
can be anything else." In the Christian community, the followers of Jesus, the people
of way, said, "That is precisely what we cannot do, because the one we followed
challenged that whole confession of Caesar as Lord. No, Caesar is not Kyrios, Jesus is
Kyrios, the most elemental, simple and clear confession of that early movement.
Jesus is Lord. Jesus is Lord over against Caesar is Lord. You cannot have it both
ways.
And so, for the first three centuries of that Jesus movement, now tragically having
been aborted from its Jewish home and family, now largely a Gentile phenomenon,
nonetheless keeping alive the dangerous memory of Jesus, these people were hunted
and haunted and persecuted because they didn't fit. They did not fit into the imperial
structure. They did not serve in the military. They were advocates of non- violence
like Jesus was. They lived an entirely different kind of life. They were an alternative
society, because people of the way were followers of the way, the way of Jesus, which
was the way of peace. They were followers of the way of Jesus, which was the way of
non-violence. They did not fit and, as Jesus had said, it is risky business, but if you
take the risk, you find your life.
I don't think Constantine made some pious discovery about Jesus Christ. I think
Constantine and the cynicism of imperial power saw the vitality of this community
and finally recognized them and let them be and within a couple of decades the
Christian Church was the established religion of the empire. Marvelous, wasn't it?
Except it cost the Church its soul, because the Church had been a movement of
people of the way in the way of Jesus, which was the way of peace. Now they were a
part of that apparatus of power.
About a century later, St. Augustine, one of the greatest thinkers of the Church,
wrestled with that issue. St. Augustine knew good and well that love was at the heart
of Jesus' message, knew well enough that there had been three plus centuries of
generally pacifist response to imperial power, but now what do you do when you are
in power? He wrestled with that in all of his intellectual acuteness, and constructed
what is still known as the Just War theory which struggled with this issue as to when
a Christian can go to war, when military action can be justified, and a whole series of
criteria by which that is to be judged. It is still alive today. It has been debated and
argued over the centuries, but as far as the West and Christendom is concerned,
there has never been a power that I know of that has gone to war without trying to
justify it in terms of the Just War theory which goes back to Augustine. So, it has
made a difference, even in imperial power. The dangerous memory of Jesus has
haunted those who have named his name and wanted to be considered a part of the
way.
Now, we are at war, and so we hope and pray for its speedy ending, we hope and pray
for as little tragedy and devastation as possible, we hope and pray for the safety of all
of those in harm's way, but there is something more going on in our world today. I
think as never before, there is a global conversation about peace. I suppose it has
been enabled by the world-wide web. I have gotten more significant documents over
the internet these past weeks than I can remember. I am aware of networks that
© Grand Valley State University
�People of the Way
Richard A. Rhem
Page
5
circle the globe. There are conversations going on everywhere and there are
demonstrations for peace around the world. Even as the war is being executed, there
are those who are speaking of peace, and of the fact that in our world today,
war is a luxury we can no longer afford. I am hopeful this morning, because I do
believe that we may well be on the threshold of a whole new era of global peace.
This last twentieth century, at least in its first half, was the most violent in recorded
history. There was the First World War and all of that tragedy, there was the
Communist revolution and all of the death of the Stalin era. There was the rise of
totalitarianism, Naziism in Germany and that awful Holocaust. There was the
Second World War with all of the destruction and death. It was continuation of the
war system. And then the world was divided up into two blocs, East and West, and
we lived for some four decades in a balance of terror.
Don't you remember the balance of terror? Don't you remember living under the
shadow of the mushroom cloud? Two massive powers with missiles pointed at each
other, knowing that to strike was to be struck, knowing that to strike was to
annihilate and to be annihilated? Ironically, that balance of terror kept violence at a
minimum. But, there was oppression and despotism. People were suffering, and the
people began this movement which, in the Soviet Union and the Eastern bloc, began
to erode the power structures. Do you remember the prayer meetings in Leipzig and
the lighting of the candles, the candle vigils in those German cities? Do you
remember our growing anticipation of the possibility that this deadlock might be
broken? Do you remember the euphoria of the falling of the Berlin Wall? And even
after the dissolution of the Soviet bloc, with all the unraveling of Yugoslavia, and the
Balkan tragedy, nonetheless, there is a conversation, there is a people-power afoot.
In that balance of terror between the East and the West, someone has said that was
the powerlessness of the powerful. Right? Powerlessness of the powerful. We were
crippled, mutually crippled by the power of the other.
Yaclav Havel, the former President of the Czech Republic, who is a philosopher and a
poet, you might expect, has suggested that the people-power today is the power of
the powerless. I love that. The world may be at war right now, but there is a
conversation going on. There is a subversive conversation which can trace itself back
to the dangerous memory of Jesus, and I don't even care if you don't want to find it
in Jesus. Find it in the Dalai Lama, if you will. But, Desmond Tutu found it in Jesus
and he was here last week in the area to say how what seemed just a few short years
ago to have to issue in a terrible bloodbath could issue in a peace and a reconciliation
because of people-power.
The people are powerful. In the Vietnam era, they dethroned a President. And the
Secretary of Defense during that era just a short time ago, with tears, repented of his
part in that American military venture. Dear friends, we are not hopeless nor
helpless. For all of the distortions of the Church, for all of the corruptions of the
Church, the dangerous memory of Jesus is still kept alive when the bread is broken
© Grand Valley State University
�People of the Way
Richard A. Rhem
Page
and the cup is poured out, when he said, "Do you want to really live at the risk of
your life? Follow me. Take up your cross and follow me."
He was a dreamer, he was a prophet, he was a threat to established order, he was a
visionary, he was a de-stabler. Don't you love him? Don't you want to follow him?
© Grand Valley State University
6
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Richard A. Rhem Collection
Description
An account of the resource
Text and sound recordings of the sermons, prayers, services, and articles of Richard Rhem, pastor emeritus of Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, Michigan, where he served for 37 years. Starting in the mid 1980's, Rhem began to question some of the traditional Christian dogma that he had been espousing from the pulpit. That questioning was a first step in a long and interesting spiritual journey, one that he openly shared with his congregation. His journey is important, in part because it is reflective of the questioning, the yearnings, and the gradual revision of beliefs that many persons in this part of the century have experienced and continue to experience. It is important also because of the affirming and inclusive way his questioning was done and his thinking evolved. His sermons and other written and spoken materials together document the steps in his journey as it took a turn in 1985, yet continued to revolve around the framework and liturgies of the Christian calendar.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Clergy--Michigan
Reformed Church in America
Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.)
Religion
Interfaith worship
Sermons
Sound Recordings
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rhem, Richard A.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/514">Richard A. Rhem papers (KII-01)</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Kaufman Interfaith Institute
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Sound
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KII-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1981-2014
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
audio/mp3
text/pdf
Sound
A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds.
Event
Lent IV
Series
The Way of Peace/ the Way of the Cross
Scripture Text
Acts 9:1-2, Matthew 16:21-26
Location
The location of the interview
Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI
Dublin Core
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Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KII-01_RA-0-20030330
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2003-03-30
Title
A name given to the resource
People of the Way
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Richard A. Rhem
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Clergy--Michigan
Reformed Church in America
Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.)
Sermons
Relation
A related resource
Richard A. Rhem - An Archive of Sermons, Prayers, Talks and Stories: http://richardrhem.org/
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Sound
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
audio/mp3
application/pdf
Description
An account of the resource
A sermon given by Richard A. Rhem (Dick) on March 30, 2003 entitled "People of the Way", as part of the series "The Way of Peace/ the Way of the Cross", on the occasion of Lent IV, at Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI. Scripture references: Acts 9:1-2, Matthew 16:21-26.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives
Non-violence
Way of Peace
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/38be9ece817a1e2a2b37d42be838f827.mp3
f90a2c876379a6330b5a4f8049521727
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Richard A. Rhem Collection
Description
An account of the resource
Text and sound recordings of the sermons, prayers, services, and articles of Richard Rhem, pastor emeritus of Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, Michigan, where he served for 37 years. Starting in the mid 1980's, Rhem began to question some of the traditional Christian dogma that he had been espousing from the pulpit. That questioning was a first step in a long and interesting spiritual journey, one that he openly shared with his congregation. His journey is important, in part because it is reflective of the questioning, the yearnings, and the gradual revision of beliefs that many persons in this part of the century have experienced and continue to experience. It is important also because of the affirming and inclusive way his questioning was done and his thinking evolved. His sermons and other written and spoken materials together document the steps in his journey as it took a turn in 1985, yet continued to revolve around the framework and liturgies of the Christian calendar.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Clergy--Michigan
Reformed Church in America
Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.)
Religion
Interfaith worship
Sermons
Sound Recordings
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rhem, Richard A.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/514">Richard A. Rhem papers (KII-01)</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Kaufman Interfaith Institute
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Sound
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KII-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1981-2014
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
audio/mp3
text/pdf
Sound
A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds.
Event
Pentecost II
Series
Until We Take the Shape of Christ
Scripture Text
Galatians 4:19
Location
The location of the interview
Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KII-01_RA-0-19870621
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1987-06-21
Title
A name given to the resource
People on the Way - In Great Shape
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Richard A. Rhem
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Clergy--Michigan
Reformed Church in America
Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.)
Sermons
Relation
A related resource
Richard A. Rhem - An Archive of Sermons, Prayers, Talks and Stories: http://richardrhem.org/
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Sound
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
audio/mp3
Description
An account of the resource
A sermon given by Richard A. Rhem (Dick) on June 21, 1987 entitled "People on the Way - In Great Shape", as part of the series "Until We Take the Shape of Christ", on the occasion of Pentecost II, at Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI. Scripture references: Galatians 4:19.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/d1907505bb918b97098f1f7cf90b6702.jpg
2dff432a76bbbe3c88ca57eb2a1f8202
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Summers in Saugatuck-Douglas Collection
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Grand Valley State University. Kutsche Office of Local History
Description
An account of the resource
Collection contains images and documents digitized and collected through the project "Stories of Summer," supported by a National Endowment for the Humanities Common Heritage Grant. The collection aims to document the twin lakeshore communities of Saugatuck and Douglas, Michigan, as they transformed through the state's bustling tourism industry and acceptance of minorities.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1910s-2010s
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Various
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">Copyright Undetermined</a>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Michigan
Saugatuck (Mich.)
Douglas (Mich.)
Michigan, Lake
Allegan County (Mich.)
Beaches
Sand dunes
Outdoor recreation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries. Allendale, Michigan
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Saugatuck-Douglas History Center
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Stories of Summer (Common Heritage project)
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image/jpeg
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Text
Language
A language of the resource
English
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
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DC-07_SD-Walsh-J_0012
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Walsh, Jerri
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1966
Title
A name given to the resource
People sunbathing on the beach
Description
An account of the resource
Photograph of a few groups of people sitting on towels while talking and sunbathing at the beach. There is a rusty barrel located behind the group at the forefront of the photograph and young men can be seen running near the dunegrass in the background. Circa summer 1966
Subject
The topic of the resource
Michigan
Saugatuck (Mich.)
Allegan County (Mich.)
Beaches
Outdoor recreation
Sand dunes
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Digital file contributed by Jerri Walsh as part of the Stories of Summer project.
Relation
A related resource
Stories of Summer (project)
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">Copyright Undetermined</a>
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image/jpeg
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/df60d4c4d55fc4be461510286eafd272.pdf
d65892c76391c8f14a8965176500de57
PDF Text
Text
Peo1·i
-'7
t.rfie'28th, 1912.
De,
Fellow Men1ber:
Don't you believe that it would not only be an enjoyable week's vacation, but also a
good tonic after a strenuous l1usiness year to attend the
PEORIA ROWING FESTIVAL
Trio of Rowing Regattas
including the
•
Fortieth Anniversary of the National Assn. of Amateur Oarsmen
PEORIA LAKE--ILLINOIS RIVER--PEORIA, ILL.
AUGUST 5th to 10th
If any one should say to your face that we, THE PEORIA REGATTA ASSOCIATION, could get along without you, it would make you mad-good and mad!
Don't-for Heaven's sake--idon't qualify yourself by saying or thinking, for a minute,
that we can get along without you.
Every mother's son of you have got (GOT-did you get that) to be there.
Just peruse over this menu:.-
MONDAY, AUGUST 5th
Six Junior Events of Central States Amateur Rowing Association
Special Events
Swimming and Tub Races
Evening
- Fireworks and Band Concert
TUESDAY, AUGUST 6th
Six Senior Events of Central States Amateur Rowing Association
Special Events
Canoe Races
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 7th
Six Junior Events of Southwestern Amateur Rowing Association
Feature Event - - Free-for-all Four-Oared-Shell Race
open to the World for Peoria Trophy.
Special Events
Evening
-
-
-
-
Sailing and Swimming Races
Water Base Ball Game and Band Concert
•
THURSDAY, AUGUST 8th
Six Senior Events of Southwestern Amateur Rowing Association
Special Events
-
-
Canoe Races
FRIDAY, AUGUST 9th
Six Events of National Association of Amateur Oarsmen
Feature Event - - Free-for-all Eight-Oared-Shell Race
open to the World for Peoria Trophy.
Evening
- -
Fireworks and Band Concert
•
SATlJRDAY, AUGUST 10th
Six Events of National Association of Amateur Oarsmen
Evening
-
-
•
Presentation of Medals and Trophies
Can you beat it? Mind you, we are going to put this over and put it over right, and
we want you to enjoy our effo1·ts.
•
For just this once, cut loose and have a good time:-get what is coming to you .
•
Man alive!
It will oil up those old rusty joints and give you a complexion like a spanked baby !
Come and see Peoria, the livest and most progressive city in the West.
magnificent water course, the finest in the world.
See our
Boil all your previous Regattas into one and you'll have a faint, distant glimmer of
what this one's going to be..
·
And we're trying to break it to you just as gently as possible, at that!
If you haven't yet decided-for sure:-you're comingFor the love of the N. A. A. 0. do so NOW.
On the level,
PEORIA REGATTA ASSOCIATION.
'
�
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Title
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Grand Rapids Boat and Canoe Club collection
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Grand Rapids Boat and Canoe Club
Description
An account of the resource
Scrapbooks of newsclippings, photographs, postcards, and ephemera of the Grand Rapids Boat and Canoe Club. Photos were taken at regattas on Reeds Lake; the Grand River; Peoria, Illinois; and in Chicago of club members, and events. Historical articles, reports of regatta events, and articles featuring members Charles McQuewan and Jack Corbett are included. Programs include the First Grand Regatta on Great Salt Lake 1888, and Peoria Rowing Festival, and banquet and music programs and the GR Log, a publication of the Grand Rapids Boat and Canoe Club. Materials from the Central States Amater Rowing Association, and the National Association of Amateur Oarsmen are also included.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
circa 1980s to 1940s
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/481">Grand Rapids Boat and Canoe Club scrapbooks, (RHC-54)</a>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Grand Rapids (Mich.)
Outdoor recreation
Boats and boating
Racing shells
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries
Identifier
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RHC-54
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
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Identifier
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RHC-54_Ephemera-GRRC_E04
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Peoria Regatta Association
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1912-06-28
Title
A name given to the resource
Peoria Rowing Festival Invitation and Program
Description
An account of the resource
Invitation and menu of events for the Peoria Rowing Festival including the fortieth anniversary of the National Ass. Of Amateur Oarsmen. The festival was to be held August 5-10th of 1912, with multiple events and activities each day.
Contributor
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Grand Rapids Rowing Club
Subject
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Peoria (Ill.)
Outdoor recreation
Boats and boating
Source
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/481">Grand Rapids Boat and Canoe Club scrapbooks (RHC-54)</a>
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/">No Known Copyright</a>
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Text
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application/pdf
Language
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eng
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b02da9d68c302ec3cfe9036b2e1c9ae4.jpg
e80e1120fb8bec068ef380cab36f7951
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Title
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Grand Valley State University Photographs
Subject
The topic of the resource
Aerial photographs
Universities and colleges
Michigan
Grand Rapids (Mich.)
Allendale (Mich.)
Building
Facilities
Dormitories
Students
Events
1960s
1970s
1980s
1990s
2000s
Description
An account of the resource
People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan.
Creator
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News & Information Services. University Communications
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News & Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a>
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Date
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2017-03-03
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a>
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image/jpg
Language
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eng
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image
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GV012-01
Coverage
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1960s-2000s
Still Image
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1970s
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a>
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The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
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GV012-01_UAPhotos_000887
Title
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Performance of "The Cradle will Rock" at CAS Theater
Description
An account of the resource
Performance of "The Cradle will Rock" at CAS Theater, November 1974.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Students
Events
Grand Valley State University
Michigan
Allendale (Mich.)
Universities and colleges
Language
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eng
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a>
Type
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Image
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image/jpeg
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives
black and white photo
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/6d0e0164b3347367750b35894367272f.m4v
b90c96677e612e01f4f9a5600c87949e
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/71bab39970fb6e66e4efb7fb3473e06a.pdf
4065c2a3af093f9c739433f37e938343
PDF Text
Text
Grand Valley State University
Veteran's History Project
US Navy
Monica Allen Périn
Total Time (00:49:28)
Introduction (00:00:24)
Monica was born October 2nd, 1953 at the Bethesda Naval Hospital in Maryland; her father was
in the Navy while her mother was an officer in the Navy Nurse Corps (00:00:45)
Her father was stationed at the Pentagon in Washington D.C., when she was born (00:00:59)
Monica finished high school in 1971; her family traveled a lot due to being in the military
which caused her to be in five different high schools in four years (00:02:13)
◦ Monica went to an arts and crafts college in California before transferring to Texas A&M
University; she received a degree in social anthropology while her minor was in art
(00:04:30)
◦ She had trouble finding a job straight out of college so she decided to join the military; her
father swore her in at Detroit as she went to Officer Candidate School (OCS) in March of
1979 in Newport, Rhode Island (00:06:27)
◦ Mostly career military people trained those at OCS; she was quite impressed by those that
had trained her (00:08:42)
▪ After her four months of training at OCS, she was commissioned and sent to Athens,
Georgia for Supply Corps school (00:09:15)
▪ The technology wasn't that great at the time and Monica remembers having to sign
2,000 checks by hand before she received a stamp with her name on it (00:10:39)
▪ Around eight of the 45 that attended the school were women; she comments that most
people were pretty receptive and open to the idea of women being in the school
(00:12:42)
First Assignment / Overseas (00:13:01)
Her first assignment was as a disbursing officer to the naval support activity in Naples, Italy
(00:13:05)
About $43,000 in checks and cash were stolen while they were in Italy by an armed group; they
eventually got the money back due to insurance (00:14:23)
Monica said life was great while in Naples as they lived off bases (00:16:36)
◦ She stayed there for about two years on her first tour; on her 2nd tour she stayed for three
years and finally she came back for five years as a reserve officer- she spent about ten years
total in Naples (00:17:13)
◦ Monica says it wasn't a problem trying to adjust to military life as her family background
helped quite a bit for this (00:18:15)
◦ After her first tour in Italy, she went back to the United States to work as a purchasing
officer for the Navy supply center in Bremerton, Washington on the shipyard; she did this
for about three years (00:19:03)
▪ The four central parts of the military were starting to work together more as time went
on, Monica notes as the attitudes of the military changed over time (00:21:24)
▪ After some time in California, she went back to Naples to work as the commander in
chief allied forces Southern Europe mess officer (00:21:57)
�▪
During Operation Desert Shield, she was recalled for contracting support to Abu Dhabi,
Dubai (00:24:01)
Although she joined the Navy to obtain a job, she promised herself that she would
still do art as she ended up getting her masters degree in art history & museum
management (00:25:19)
After finishing her masters degree in 1993, she went back to Naples to work with a
local reserve unit called the voluntary training unit (00:27:05)
Monica got a job while in the Navy to work as a combat artist while overseas
(00:28:39)
◦ Her subject was men and women in the military and often she would ask for
rides to wherever just so she could talk to new subjects (00:28:47)
◦ She met her admiral while coming back to Naples as her admiral had no idea
they even had an artist on the payroll; she says they had a great chat on the way
back and everything went fine (00:31:33)
◦ While in Bosnia she saw a lot of buildings that were damaged from mortar fire;
she did a painting of a marketplace in Mostar while the war was going on and
she mentions it was business as usual in the market (00:34:57)
▪ She was commissioned to get fresh fruit and vegetables on the USS Seattle
and tells a story of how incredible it was to do that (00:38:43)
▪ While she was in Dubai she went with an Indian family to an old oasis; she
had no problems being a western woman in this particular instance on this
side of the world (00:40:03)
For two years, as a part of Operation Iraqi Freedom, she was sent out to
cover when the United States went into Libya to the USS Bataan to do a
series of different paintings (00:43:04)
Monica stayed in the Mediterranean while the fighting in Iraq and
Kuwait was going on (00:44:07)
◦ Women are allowed the option to stay longer into the military than
men as Monica had the option to stay in til age 60; she wanted to stay
in as long as possible (00:48:59)
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Veterans History Project
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Grand Valley State University. History Department
Description
An account of the resource
The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1914-
Rights
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American
Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American
Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American
Michigan--History, Military
Oral history
Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American
United States--History, Military
United States. Air Force
United States. Army
United States. Navy
Veterans
Video recordings
Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American
World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives
Contributor
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Smither, James
Boring, Frank
Relation
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Veterans History Project (U.S.)
Identifier
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RHC-27
Language
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eng
Source
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a>
Oral History
A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
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RHC-27_PerinM1651V
Title
A name given to the resource
Périn, Monica Allen (Interview outline and video), 2014
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2014-06-23
Description
An account of the resource
Monica Allen Périn was born October 2nd, 1953 at the Bethesda Naval Hospital in Maryland her father was in the Navy at the time of her birth. She finished high school in 1971 after transferring from five different high schools. She had trouble finding a job once she graduated college so she decided to join the Navy. She worked in Athens, Italy for over 10 years in her career and eventually became a combat artist for the Navy.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Périn, Monica Allen
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Smither, James (Interviewer)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Oral history
Veterans History Project (U.S.)
United States--History, Military
Michigan--History, Military
Veterans
Other veterans & civilians--Personal narratives, American
United States. Navy
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Moving Image
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project collection, (RHC-27)</a>
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a>
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University Libraries. Allendale, Michigan
Relation
A related resource
Veterans History Project (U.S.)
Format
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video/x-m4v
application/pdf
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/18c365546a932e069d6a5ab3e13666b3.pdf
d7b3db4290006fea9fb15690ae91823a
PDF Text
Text
1
Grand Valley State University Special Collections
Kent County Oral History collections, RHC-23
Miss Mabel Perkins
Interviewed on September 16, 1971
Edited and indexed by Don Bryant, 2010 – bryant@wellswooster.com
Tape #11 (45:50)
Biographical Information
Mabel Helen Perkins was born 26 July 1880, daughter of Cyrus Edwin and Della A. (Foote)
Perkins. Mabel died November 1974.
Cyrus E. Perkins was born 9 October 1847 in Lawrence, Massachusetts, the son of Cyrus E. and
Lydia M. (Birney) Perkins. He died 23 May 1918 in Grand Rapids, Michigan and is buried in
Oak Hill Cemetery. Della Antoinette Foote was born 24 Aug 1848 in Olcott, Niagara County,
New York to Elijah and Olivia (Luce) Foote. Della died in Grand Rapids in 1936. She and Cyrus
had been married 20 September 1876 in Kent County, Michigan.
___________
Interviewer: Miss Perkins, you’ve lived here all your life, and it’s more than ninety years now,
what did your father do, where did your father come from?
Miss. Perkins: Oh, my father came from the east, Massachusetts, directly from Boston, but he
was only nine years old when he came here with his family. They came over, on the train as far
as Jackson and then over corduroy road into Grand Rapids.
Interviewer: A corduroy road?
Miss Perkins: Yes.
Interviewer: What is a corduroy road?
Miss Perkins: A corduroy road is, is logged, they’re logs laid side by side, dirt put over the top.
Interviewer: Why did your father’s family come to Grand Rapids, what brought them here?
Miss Perkins: Oh, because they were having a hard time making a living off their stony farms in
Maine and Connecticut and they came out here to get their farming land. My grandfather
however wasn’t a farmer, he never farmed, he worked in the city. I don’t know what he did.
Interviewer: What did your father do… what kind of business?
Miss Perkins: My father, well, he studied law here with one of the lawyers in Grand Rapids,
Judge Harlan, I remember, and then he was a lawyer, and for his first, he became judge of
probate when he was just a young man, before he was married. And he was judge of probate for
many years here.
�2
Interviewer: Where did you grow up as a child?
Miss Perkins: Here in Grand Rapids, oh, in Boston up to nine. He was nine years old when he
left.
Interviewer: Oh, I see. Where did you grow up as a child?
Miss Perkins: I?
Interviewer: Yes, what part of the city?
Miss Perkins: I?
Interviewer: Yes.
Miss Perkins: You were talking about me?
Interviewer: Yes.
Miss Perkins: Why, I grew up right on Washington Street, that’s where I was born in the house
on [327] Washington Street.
Interviewer: I used to live next door to you, I don’t know if you remember that, I used to have a
red sports car, and I’d be out polishing my car, I remember you used to come outside, and just
look at the car, and it always seemed to me there was a gleam in your eye when you looked at
that red sports car.
Miss Perkins: I don’t remember, no. I don’t hear awfully well, you better talk a little louder.
Interviewer: Alright, what was it like living on Washington Street, what was it like living there
as a child?
Miss Perkins: Very pleasant, it was a very quiet, charming street then, beautifully shaded in
trees, just convenient to Downing[?] Street, you see, wonderful neighborhood and everything
was very pleasant. School, Fountain Street School. I always walked to school. Wasn’t so
dangerous crossing Fulton in those days. We used to slide down Fulton, as a matter of fact.
Interviewer: During the wintertime?
Miss Perkins: Yes, during the winter. It was just, we generally started it then, Prospect Street,
went down to Jefferson Avenue. It’s good, steep hill.
Interviewer: Yes.
Miss Perkins: But the favorite hill of the town was Washington Street. They use to come from
all over the city, big boys with great big bobs, and slide down Washington Street hill, because
�3
there wasn’t so much traffic crossing it, you see, and this, had the, it sanded just before it got to
Jefferson Avenue.
Interviewer: Oh, I see.
Miss Perkins: Jefferson Avenue was a big street in those days. We used to have horse races every
Sunday, did I tell you that when you were here before?
Interviewer: No.
Miss Perkins: Every Sunday they had horse races during the winter on Jefferson Ave. Cutting,
the horses drawing their cutters, you know. My father used to take me down and we’d stand, on
the sidelines and the watch men go by. Oh, it was such fun. Just one horse and a cutter, you
know. And they always had foxtails on their ropes, and the foxtails all floated out behind. I
thought it was wonderful. Quite a sight.
Interviewer: Did your father ever race any horses himself?
Miss Perkins: Oh no, no, father didn’t but he was very much interested. My father lived on
Jefferson Avenue as a boy, before he was married.
Interviewer: Where abouts on Jefferson?
Miss Perkins: Oh, the house has been gone for a long, long time. It was a red brick house that sat
way back from the street, I remember. And it had chickens, everybody had chickens or cows or
things around town then. I’d wake up in the morning and hear the cows mooing, and I just loved
it.
Interviewer: Was Jefferson Avenue quite a residential area at one time?
Miss Perkins: Oh, yes, that was one of the main residential areas; the rich, richest people in town
lived on it. Jefferson Avenue.
Interviewer: That would be on Jefferson, approximately where those stores all are now, yes?
Miss Perkins: It would be beginning for about Island Street, I remember, the big house. There
were two big houses on each corner. They don’t call it Island Street now, Weston.
Interviewer: Yes.
Miss Perkins: Is it Weston?
Interviewer: Yes.
Miss Perkins: Two big houses on either side and then the big houses stretched on down towards
Wealthy.
�4
Interviewer: Well, that was, when you were growing up that was the days before the automobile?
Miss Perkins: Oh, heavens, hadn’t even dreamed of an automobile. It was the days before
bicycles, the bicycles came in. And the, Washington Street was one of the first streets paved in
the city. They paved State Street, they put up cedar blocks on State Street, that was the first
pavement, they tried out the cedar blocks. And on Washington Street they tried out asphalt. And
so asphalt, it was the first pavement in front of our house. And oh, how we used to love to ride
our bicycles on that. We had bicycles by the time that was down. The whole, everybody and
anywhere in the neighborhood, oh anywhere in that quarter of the city, came to ride their
bicycles on that pavement.
Interviewer: Must have been pretty crowded at times.
Miss Perkins: Oh, we had a lot of fun.
Interviewer: Did people used to go up and down your street in horse and carriages and things
like that?
Miss Perkins: Oh, surely, surely. There was a young girl living across the street from me that
knew all about horses. I didn’t, I was afraid of horses, but we’d sit on the porch, on the stoop, as
we used to call it, and she would blindfold her eyes and then she would tell what horse was
coming up the street, and who the coachman was. And who was driving, and all about, “Here
comes Mr. Fuller” she’d say, with his foot hanging out the side, as usual and old Molly on
ahead. Molly was… she knew the names of the horses.
Interviewer: How did she tell who the horses were, and so on?
Miss Perkins: Oh, she knew it, she could tell by the fall of the, that ole horse had a particular
gait, you know. She knew that old klop, klop klop….. and, she would, she would on, she knew
Mr., Knot.(?), lived on the top of the street, you know, and he’d be coming along with his blacks,
he had a wonderful pair of black horses, always with coachman driving, she knew that, and Mr.
[Samuel] Jenks, who lived on the corner, he had, he had bays, she knew them. She could tell by
the gait of the horse.
Interviewer: Who are some of your neighbors in those days?
Miss Perkins: Who were some of the neighbors?
Interviewer: Yes. Who lived along Washington Street and up on College and so on?
Miss Perkins: Well, it was Judge [Loyal E] Knappen. That lived right across the street, and then
later it was Mr. Wylie, the bank president, and Mr. [Edward] Fitzgerald lived across the street on
the corner. He was also a banker, and went to California later, the whole family went to
California, after his death, so we don’t recognize that name in Grand Rapids anymore, but it was
a very prominent family. Mr. [Edmund D.] Barry had a house next door, that house is still there,
�5
well, both those houses are. And, he was a son-in-law of the banker. And then the Knappen’s. I
don’t remember who lived right across from me, when I was a little girl it was a man named
Donnelly, but he was the only Democrat on the street. And when Cleveland was elected and the
Republicans were just defeated from one end to the other, there wasn’t a Republican elected, oh,
Mr. Donnelly was right in his…element. I remember him calling upon by father, you see, who
was running for Judge of Probate, and that was the only time that he was defeated.
Interviewer: I wonder why, why was that, why did the Democrats sweep everything that year?
Miss Perkins: I’ve forgotten, of course I was just a little girl, I’ve forgotten the ins and outs, but
there was an absolute clean sweep. Not a Republican was elected. And, of course, this was a
Republican state. But, there was a man, there was a well, I won’t say anything about it, because
they have relatives in Grand Rapids, but this man was also a neighbor, lived around on Lafayette
Street was elected, and then, the end of the first year he skipped with a lady and all the money
that was in the office. So then they had a Democratic governor, but everybody in Grand Rapids
got up an enormous petition, every, everybody, Republicans, Democrats, everybody signed and
sent it down to the Democratic governor to have father reappointed Judge of Probate, and the
Democratic governor appointed him Judge of Probate. So he got his old office back, and that was
his only defeat.
Interviewer: Was the Waters’ estate built then?
Miss Perkins: Oh, yes, oh, the Waters’ estate I don’t know when that was built, but that was
built long before I was born.
Interviewer: What was it like up there? Did you ever go up there and play as a child?
Miss Perkins: Oh yes, did I tell you about the time I ran away with the little boy across the
street?
Interviewer: No.
Miss Perkins: We dragged our sleds up there, it was in the middle of summer, but we wanted to
go sliding on those hills, so we dragged our sleds up there, and we were so surprised, oh, it was a
perfectly charming place then. It was a little rustic bridge that crossed a little ravine and, you
went over the little rustic bridge and, there was a perfectly charming little summerhouse, with
lattice windows all around it and it had iron French furniture on the porch. Thought it was
wonderful, just simply wonderful. And , but finally we had to go home, and when we were going
home the cook in the big Waters house saw us going by and knew that we were little runaways
and she called to us and said, “Children, would you like a little bit of ice cream?” Well, you can
imagine…And so we went up there and she took a trap door up from the back porch and way
down in the coolness of the underneath the porch in the, in the, well there was a sort of a well
�6
there, she pulled out this ice cream and gave it to us, each a dish. It was wonderful. But my
mother didn’t like it at all, and I got a severe scolding when I got home.
Interviewer: For running away or eating ice cream?
Miss Perkins: For running away…
Interviewer: Oh.
Miss Perkins: For running away… Should never have done it. She looked for me and she didn’t
know where to find me, and it frightened her, of course.
Interviewer: Was there, were there houses, was Gay Street built at that time? Did Gay Street run
between Washington and Fulton?
Miss Perkins: No, no, that was an apple orchard. You see, that property on Fulton Street was the
Campau property, and Mr. Campau had intended, in fact he did build a big house there, but
before he finished that house his bank failed, the River, Grand River Bank, it failed. And he felt
so terribly about it, that he stopped all the building of the house, he never moved in and he lived
in his little house where he was living at that time and gradually paid off everybody that had
invested in his bank.
Interviewer: Is that right?
Miss Perkins: Yes.
Interviewer: He must have been quite a man.
Miss Perkins: He was, but we used to love to go in the, this was, it was all empty, great big
staircase running up, and on the top was a cupola, you know, one of those lookout places and we
used to go up there, we loved to go up there, it was so romantic, and the whole, the whole cupola
was painted with the Grand River Valley Bank Notes. Never been used, you know, they weren’t
even cut up. They were all together in a block, and he painted the cupola with those old
worthless bank notes.
Interviewer: When did that Campau house come down? The house that’s built on the property?
Miss Perkins: Well, I don’t know, that’s very recently.
Interviewer: Is it?
Miss Perkins: Yes.
Interviewer: What a…
Miss Perkins: Very recently, I suppose, must have been twenty [or] thirty years ago.
�7
Interviewer: The Gay, people, furniture company, built that big green house?
Miss Perkins: Yes.
Interviewer: That stands on their property now?
Miss Perkins: They did, and that, I was going to say about the orchard, the orchards sloped down
from this Campau house, that was Campau property. That whole section is the Campau addition,
that’s the way it’s, it’s on the city books. And my brother and Arthur Vandenberg used to play in
that orchard a great deal. It was wonderful to have that for a playground for boys, and they built
cabins there and had caves, they had a wonderful time. They had a cave, that was their first
project, they made a cave and my mother was worried about that she had my father go up and
look at it to see if it was safe for the boys. My father said no, they couldn’t play there. So they
must build a cabin on top of the ground. So they did.
Interviewer: In your neighborhood when you were growing up, did people have a lot of activities
together?
Miss Perkins: No, as a neighborhood, no, not especially, no they didn’t.
Interviewer: Did people spend much time on, their porches?
Miss Perkins: Oh, yes, everybody sat on their front porch and did embroidery.
Interviewer: Did embroidery?
Miss Perkins: It was embroidery rather than knitting, everybody was doing embroidery in my
childhood days.
Interviewer: Was that a peaceful time, was that a peaceful day?
Miss Perkins: I didn’t hear you.
Interviewer: That period of time, was it, was it more peaceful than it is today, do you think?
Miss Perkins: No, I don’t think there were more people.
Interviewer: No, peaceful, peaceful?
Miss Perkins: Peaceful?
Interviewer: Yes.
Miss Perkins: I get you. You were always extremely peaceful, you couldn’t have asked for
anything more peaceful. It was just quiet as could be and every morning the, the man came
around with his wagon all full of vegetables you know, and you went out and bought your
vegetables, your fresh vegetables. Milkman came around first thing in the morning. Oh, it was
�8
peace itself… Cocks were crowing. You could hear crows cawing in the winter. It was much,
much more like a village and less like a big city. However, it was always, always a considerable
size, but I mean people did have room to have their own cows. Now, for instance, where I am,
where we are now there was always a cow there behind the Ledyard property, we’re on the
Ledyard property now. And, Mr. and, well it was Katherine Lockwood’s grandfather that lived
next door, can’t think of his name now.
Interviewer: Not Pantlind? The one before Pantlind?
Miss Perkins: No, Pantlind was her…. Her name. her father’s name was Pantlind and I don’t
connect him with Grand Rapids. He came here as a hotel man, you know.
Interviewer: Let’s see, Aldrich, was it Aldrich?
Miss Perkins: Aldrich, that’s what I mean, the Aldrich family was next door. It was Mrs.
Aldrich, Mrs. Aldrich’s daughter, that gave that fountain out there on the corner that’s been
stolen.
Interviewer: They recently moved that, they removed that statue over to John Ball Park.
Miss Perkins: Oh, did they?
Interviewer: Yes, they put it over there now.
Miss Perkins: Well, I thought they were going to take it over there, but somebody told me it had
been stolen again.
Interviewer: Yes.
Miss Perkins: It was lost for a long time, you know, they found it, in Fisk Lake, I guess
Interviewer: Oh, where did the country begin? What was out in the country in those days?
Miss Perkins: Beyond the east, Eastern, we took, you got a streetcar as far as Eastern, and then
you got off of the streetcar and on a little dummy line, that went out to the lake, and the country
really began about there.
Interviewer: Were there farms out in that area, were there mostly farms?
Miss Perkins: Well, I don’t remember farms exactly, I don’t really truly remember much about
what was in that part of the country. But it was all open land, it must have been farms.
Interviewer: When you, you went to the public schools in Grand Rapids?
Miss Perkins: Fountain.
Interviewer: Yes, where did you go to college?
�9
Miss Perkins: Vassar.
Interviewer: Did many, many girls, the daughters of the people living in this area, go off to
eastern schools?
Miss Perkins: Well, the first went, the first young woman that went to an eastern school went to
Vassar. I think she was Eleanor Withey, Mr. Lew Withey’s sister, who was a very up and
coming girl and she, nobody had been there, if they’d been away to school at all it would have
been to a finishing school. But she wanted to go to college and she found out about Vassar, and
she went to Vassar. And she was so enthusiastic about Vassar, she, she loved every brick in its
buildings, and she induced a lot of Grand Rapids people. At first, anybody going away to college
didn’t think of anything but Vassar. Then gradually Smith came in and later Wellesley. But the
first girls that went from, that went east to college, went to Vassar. And Mrs. Willard is the one
that induced me to go to Vassar.
Interviewer: Who is Mrs. Willard?
Miss Perkins: . Willard was the, she married Mr. Willard, she was Eleanor Withey…the only girl
in the Withey family and quite important. She was very, very smart, and after she came back
here, she wanted to study art and she went to, the Art Institute in Chicago. Don’t think she did
much in the art line, but she was, she stayed on as a volunteer in the art gallery, and learned all
about managing, how it was managed and so forth. So when we started our art gallery here, Mrs.
Willard of course was one of the prime movers and she was the first director of the art gallery;
and because she knew more about art than any other of the women that was instrumental in
starting it, she organized the Grand Rapid’s Art Gallery on the line of the Art Institute in
Chicago. Everything was just the same and it has been all these years, they have changed the
directors and increased the work and it’s grown in importance in various and sundry ways. But
fundamentally, it’s just , it’s worked out just as Mrs. Willard organized it.
Interviewer: When, when was the art gallery founded?
Miss Perkins: I ought to know, but I think it was, I think it was nineteen thirteen, or somewhere
around in there.
Interviewer: Were you active in the art gallery from the beginning?
Miss Perkins: Oh, all my life, all my life, cause my mother was the one, one of the prime movers
in starting it. She, she’d been put on some committee to start some sort of work for the city, that
would be in the interest of the city, and after long deliberation they hit upon starting an art
gallery for Grand Rapids. Wasn’t any great demand for an art gallery at the time, I thought, but
my mother said there would be, and we ought to have an organization, we ought to have
everything ready for the time it was coming, when they would want and would need an art
gallery. So we began and believe me it was uphill work.
�10
Interviewer: What, can you tell me about some of the problems that you had in starting the
gallery?
Miss Perkins: Well, there was always one problem, money, money, money, money. Everything
came back to that. And unfortunately there, the women who started it, none of them had any
amount of money to turn in, to give to the city, so we started out poor, and it’s been a very, very
difficult job. Because as it grew stronger, as its influence grew wider, by that time men weren’t
giving their money in that sort of way. There were all these foundations came into being, and
that’s another matter. A man gives his wealth to a foundation instead of giving it to different
organizations, you see. And that made a great difference.
Interviewer: How did it make a difference exactly?
Miss Perkins: Because there were also of men that would have given to the art, you know they
didn’t know where to put their money. And they would say to the lawyer “Now, let me see. I
ought to give away a certain amount” in making their wills, you know a lawyer would say “How
about this and that organization, they need it.” I know the lawyers have told me that was the
procedure many times. And, then, the donor would give a good sized gift to different
organizations in this, in the city, different civic movements. But by then, but then this business of
having a foundation came in, and you give to the foundation. The foundation is supposed to give
to the different organizations, but you can see the difference, if a , if you had control of the
money, you know how you could spend it as you wish, but if you’re going to get it from a
foundation, and the foundations have been very generous to the art gallery, there’s no question
about that, but you have to have your project lined out, you have to go and ask for the money,
you see. You can’t, you don’t have the freedom that you’d have if you had control of the money.
You can’t count on it. You always have to ask for it.
Interviewer: Well, then in other words, when the art museum was in its founding days, the
people with a great deal of money in town, the great amounts of money, weren’t particularly
involved in it?
Miss Perkins: No, they weren’t. Mr. [Blodgett?] tried to get them interested but they all had their
own ideas. Blodgett’s for example, Mrs. Blodgett was on the first board, she was very much
interested in founding the gallery, working it up. But they had their big Blodgett Hospital that
they were putting up.
Interviewer: Oh, they had their own little projects then.
Miss Perkins: Yes.
Interviewer: Were clubs and organizations important to people back then?
Miss Perkins: Cultural? Well, you know the Ladies Literary Club was the first organization of
that kind in the country. And it was a very, it was the first one to own its own building. It was
�11
very important. That really was the big cultural movement for the women in the city, and it was
good, it played a very important part in their lives.
Interviewer: What what kind of a role did it play in their lives? Why was it important to them?
Miss Perkins: Well, I’ve heard my mother always, she wasn’t able to go away to school, she said
she didn’t know anything about these schools outside of Grand Rapids, you know, and she found
it very, very educational. It gave her an outlet that, at the beginning the ladies all worked up their
own papers, you know. They did a great deal of hard work, and my mother always thought it was
a wonderful, educational opportunity.
Interviewer: Is the Ladies Literary Club still thriving?
Miss Perkins: I don’t, I, well the Ladies Literary Club it had so much competition in the
Women’s City Club, for example, and there, there’s a great deal more in the cultural life now
then there was then.
Interviewer: I see.
Miss Perkins: There are all kinds, well, look at all the colleges sprung up here, and there. Every
college had some classes that are open to the public, they have different lectures, and well, it’s a
different place entirely. I think it’s amazing how much cultural opportunities people have in
Grand Rapids now, if they take, if they avail themselves of them. It didn’t used to be that way.
Well, it started first with courses and lectures and courses in music, you know, the St. Cecilia
Society came in there.
Interviewer: Was that an important organization?
Miss Perkins: That was very important when it was begun, and it was begun by some very
important, society within Grand Rapids. It was very much a society thing to belong to the St.
Cecilia.
Interviewer: That’s not true anymore though…
Miss Perkins: Not more than the, not more than the Literary Club. That was, that was the main
movement here.
Interviewer: Yes.
Miss Perkins: Do you suppose that’s heard what I said?
Interviewer: That’s an amazing thing isn’t it, that machine would hear this and pick it all up and
put it down on tape. I hope so, want to see? Would you like to see if it’s picked it up?
Miss Perkins: Yes.
�12
Interviewer: Alright.
[Track 2: transcribed directly from CD to Word]
Interviewer: One impression that I have gotten from talking to the various people I have
interviewed so far is that there was a way of life in the city that is no longer in existence, a style
of living. A question that I have asked everybody is what, in their opinion, they think ended that
style of living? Where the way that people lived before began evolving into the kind of living
we have today, for example. Do you have any idea, what do you think it was?
Miss Perkins: Well, I suppose it’s the wars, they changed everything.
Interviewer: How did they change things?
Miss Perkins: We were so very peaceful before, there was no trouble. Everything moved along
slowly, smoothly, pleasantly. And I don’t remember any troubles at all. Then the wars came and
the sadness and the disruption. I think that after the wars, life was changed.
Interviewer: And the wars had quite a profound impact on at least Grand Rapids?
Miss Perkins: East Grand Rapids?
Interviewer: No, on the city of Grand Rapids.
Miss Perkins: Oh. Well, I think it must.
Interviewer: Yes.
Miss Perkins: At least it was about that time, that life seemed to change. It was gradual, you
know, it wasn’t all at once.
Interviewer: Yes. Was your family, would you consider your family, the Perkins family as
having been a member of the society?
Miss Perkins: Well, there was no Perkins family, we were the only Perkins that were. Well there
were other Perkins too, but they weren’t related to us. They weren’t our family.
Interviewer: Ok. I was thinking of your mother and father, for example were they members of
society?
Miss Perkins: Yes, I suppose you might consider them such, especially my mother. My father
was always a very quiet man, very dignified.
Interviewer: Yes, what did? Pardon, excuse me. Go ahead.
Miss Perkins: I suppose you would consider, they knew everybody and everybody knew them if
that is what you consider society. I wouldn’t know what you really consider society.
�13
Interviewer: Yes, I don’t know, I don’t know what society is either. There were a number of
people that lived up on the hill, that were members of the diplomatic corp. weren’t there?
Miss Perkins: Diplomatic? Oh, Mr. O’Brien was, but he was the only one. Mr. Gilbert wasn’t
and he was a businessman but from the south and that seemed to make all kinds of difference. He
was a southerner and married a Miss Gilbert and so came to live in Grand Rapids. They were
definitely society people.
Interviewer: Why do you say that?
Miss Perkins: They sort of ruled things. There were some outstanding people. I remember when
Mrs. Wonderly, she is Mrs. Pantlind’s aunt and she lived here on Cherry Street, Just about where
we are sitting, no at little farther down. And she had a tea, a reception we called it in those days.
She had a reception and she invited four hundred people. Those four hundred people were
considered society. I happen to remember especially because there was one lady in Grand Rapids
who was very ambitious and really did a great deal for herself and was very well known in many
directions. Oh, she wasn’t invited and she wanted to be invited. I remember because I was just,
you know a young girl in beginning high school and she came to my mother and wanted my
mother to ask Mrs. Wonderly to invite her. Of course, mother wouldn’t, didn’t feel she had any
business to do that. But that made an impression upon me. I was so young you know it made a
deep impression to think this lady felt that it was so important to be invited to tea at Mrs.
Wonderly’s.
Interviewer: When you were growing up as a young lady, were there very many parties?
Miss Perkins: Oh, all the while, all kinds of parties.
Interviewer: What were the parties like?
Miss Perkins: There were a great many women’s parties, just luncheons almost every, sometimes
about every day in the week you would be going out to luncheon. And you always had your
afternoon dresses and so forth and now no one knows what an afternoon dress is now. But we all
had them in those days and we very much dressed up when we went out to luncheon. They were
very elaborate luncheons with lots of different courses. Life is much simpler than it was in those
days. Much simpler.
Interviewer: Today life is much simpler?
Miss Perkins: You see, it was service; there was always plenty of service in those days.
Everybody had their own cook and maid, and entertaining was easy, simple. And people
entertained a great deal.
Interviewer: Were there very many dances?
�14
Miss Perkins: Not so many dances; that was a little more labor. We used to go down to dances at
the Pantlind. I was away a good deal of that time. I was abroad and traveling and in college, but
when I came home I was so surprised to find these big dances down at the Pantlind. And then
they used to have dances in the St. Cecilia Ballroom, when St. Cecilia was first built. It was quite
a thing to go to a St. Cecilia dance.
Interviewer: How?
Miss Perkins: There were ballrooms in people’s houses on the third floor.
Interviewer: Did you ever go to any dances that were on those third floor ballrooms?
Miss Perkins: Well that, yes, but they were more crowded and they were smaller, you know.
Interviewer: Yes,
Miss Perkins: But they were fun.
Interviewer: Were there any women in business, in those days, that had their own businesses?
Miss Perkins: There weren’t many, there weren’t many. One of the first women that went into
business was Grace Remington. Now Grace Remington, her father built the big red brick house
on Washington Street the one with the pillars in front of it? That was the Remington house. It
didn’t have pillars in those days. Mr. Remington was a lumberman and he made a fortune and he
had a big house on Cherry Street. He lost that fortune, he made another fortune and built that
house on Washington Street. But he lost that money and how I don’t know, but at any rate his
daughters went into business for themselves. And Grace Remington formed the first ready to wear
dress shop in Grand Rapids. Up until that time everybody employed a seamstress in their home.
There dresses were homemade. Oh, there one or two women that’s right there were women that
had dressmaker shops where they made dresses to fit you. But Miss Remington had the first shop
where dresses were made outside at some factory or other and brought in.
Interviewer: Where was her shop?
Miss Perkins: It was down on the corner of LaGrave and Fulton Street in that little house. It is
still there, I guess. It was a little brick house and it was owned by an old man named Mr. Blake
and he had little gold earrings in his ears always and he kept a little candy shop, it was a candy
shop there were windows, across the front with shelves with stick candies were in jars. I can
remember my father taking me to that shop and said, “Now, Mabel I want you to remember what
this little shop looks like, it is a little English shop. It is just like a little shop in an English
village”. And he said “You will never see another in Grand Rapid like it.” My father was always
doing that, taking, pointing out something that I should remember. And I never forgot that little
shop. It was just as quaint as it could be. That was the shop where Grace Remington started her
dressmaking store. She brought in ready to be made, the clothes already made from New York.
�15
She was killed on that train wreck from New York to Grand Rapids. She and her principal
workwoman, her buyer, they had been to New York and they had bought a new supply of clothes
and they were coming home when that accident occurred [about January 12, 1919]. You know,
Grand Rapids had the last sleeper on the train and it was always filled with Grand Rapids people.
And there were a good many Grand Rapids people that were killed in that accident, because the
other train plowed right thru that car. So Miss Remington and, I forget the name of that woman
that was really her partner and worked with her. They were both killed. Frank Leonard was on
that car, Harold Sears. I don’t know of anybody else.
Interviewer: What was downtown like when you were growing up?
Miss Perkins: It was like any little town, of course Monroe Street was a principal street, but
there were all kind of shops, grocery shops now there was no grocery shops, it had bins out front,
with things displayed on the street. There were all kinds of different shops. What I remember
especially about early Grand Rapids downtown was the specialty shops. Mr. [John P.] Platte for
example had an umbrella shop, didn’t sell anything but umbrellas. Beautiful umbrellas down to
cheap umbrellas, you know. And then, there was one man that had nothing but beautiful
material, Mr. Cole was his name, he had simply exquisite material because you made your own
dresses. He had wonderful, wonderful silks and brocades and beautiful buttons and everything
that went with them and he just loved his wares himself. He would hold it up, you know and
enjoy looking at it just as much as you did. But the trouble was that he bought such expensive
things and gradually people began buying their things readymade. And he failed and it was just
tragic when he failed and all those beautiful, beautiful things had to go for next to nothing. Broke
his heart. There were glove stores and there were all kinds of little shops that specialized in one
thing. You could get very beautiful things.
Interviewer: Yes, that’s interesting. What about entertainment, was there entertainment
downtown?
Miss Perkins: Of course, there was the theatre.
Interviewer: Tell me about the theatres.
Miss Perkins: I’m trying to think of the name of that theatre?
Interviewer: Powers?
Miss Perkins: Powers, yes, it is now a movie house, of course. Everybody went down there and
you went in a hack, that was the way you, it was the most popular way of getting there. Of
course if you lived near enough you walked. They brought some very good shows. The shows
came from New York, the theatre. We had a lot of Shakespeare. We had excellent, excellent
theatres. And then music was given in Hartman’s Hall as a rule.
Interviewer: Where was Hartman’s Hall?
�16
Miss Perkins: Well, it disappeared from the scene a long time ago. I’ve forgotten just where it
was [west side of Lyon between Fouantain and Pearl streets]. I think it was, you know that
garage, Shephard Garage I think it was in that neighborhood. Great big hall.
Interviewer: What kind of effect do you think the automobile had had on the society?
Miss Perkins: Oh it changed it completely. I think the big change in Grand Rapids came with
automobile. It dispersed people. People began moving away from the center of the city. They
began going away to live in country houses you know. It opened up the world but it also ruined
the cities.
Interviewer: If you could compare the ages of living which age of living would you say is
preferable, the way we live today or the way you lived when you were growing up.
Miss Perkins: Well, that is difficult to say, there is a great deal to be said for the world in which I
grew up, a great deal is to be said for it. But also it is pretty wonderful now, I think. With all the
opportunities that are open for everybody, you travel, everybody ought to be much broader
minded then they were, and I think they are. But no better, worse, seems to me we didn’t have
the wickedness or crime in my day.
Interviewer: Grand Rapids was a safe city.
Miss Perkins: Never even locked the front door when I lived on Washington Street, never
thought of it. No, of the two ages I’m very glad that a large part of my life lay in the first stage. It
was a lovely time, really.
Interviewer: Good.
Miss Perkins: But now it is more inspiring, it is more exciting, there are so many more
opportunities; you can do anything you want really. And I suppose people, of course I was a
child and too young to know, but I suppose people were very narrow-minded and thought along
certain grooves and didn’t have as much opportunity to live a broader life. No excuse for people
being narrow-minded now is there?
Interviewer: Okay.
INDEX
A
Aldrich Family · 8
Aldrich, Mrs. · 8
B
Barry, Edmund D. · 5
Blake, Mr. · 15
Blodgett Family · 11
Blodgett Hospital · 11
�17
C
O
Campau, Mr. · 6, 7
Cole, Mr. · 16
O’Brien, Mr. · 13
D
P
F
Pantlind Family · 8, 13, 14
Perkins, Cyrus Edwin (Father) · 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 13, 15
Perkins, Della Antoinette Foote (Mother) · 6, 7, 10, 11, 13,
14
Platte, John P. · 16
Fitzgerald, Edward · 5
Fountain Street School · 2
R
Donnelly, Mr. · 5
G
Gilbert, Mr. · 13
Grand River Bank · 6
H
Harlan, Judge · 2
Hartman’s Hall · 16
J
Remington, Grace · 15
S
Sears, Harold · 15
St. Cecilia Society · 12, 14
V
Vandenberg, Arthur · 7
Vassar College · 9
Jenks, Samuel · 4
W
K
Withey, Eleanor · 9
Women’s City Club · 11
Wonderly, Mrs. · 13, 14
Knappen, Judge Loyal E. · 5
L
Ladies Literary Club · 11
Leonard, Frank · 15
�
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/fb1c894f72540c2c9f1d11a1ca22dde1.mp3
845a43161b84e86e4cecc93d41e4717b
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Grand Rapids Oral Histories
Subject
The topic of the resource
Heritage Hill (Grand Rapids, Mich.)
Local histories
Memoirs
Michigan--History
Oral histories (document genre)
Description
An account of the resource
Taped and transcribed interviews conducted in the early 1970s primarily of the children and grandchildren of many of the founders of Grand Rapids, Michigan; many of whom were residents of the Heritage Hill neighborhood. Interviews were collected to develop a significant collection of oral resources that would supplement other primary and secondary local history materials. Initially funded as a private project, Grand Valley State College (now University) assumed responsibility for continuing the project until 1977.
Creator
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Various
Source
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/452">Grand Rapids oral history collection (RHC-23)</a>
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
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application/pdf; audio/mp3
Language
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eng
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Text; Sound
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RHC-23
Coverage
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1971 - 1977
Sound
A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds.
Dublin Core
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Identifier
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RHC-23_11Perkins
Title
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Perkins, Mabel
Creator
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Perkins, Mabel
Description
An account of the resource
Mabel Perkins was born on July 26, 1880. She received her B.A. degree from Vassar about 1900. Her mother is considered the founder of the Grand Rapids Art Museum. Miss Perkins was President of the Art Museum which remained her chief interest all her life. She was a noted collector of prints, and gave many of them during her lifetime to the Art Museum. As a girl she developed a strong interest in the works of Albrecht Durer. She died in 1974.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Michigan--History
Local histories
Memoirs
Oral histories (document genre)
Grand Rapids (Mich.)
Personal narratives
Heritage Hill (Grand Rapids, Mich.)
Grand Valley State University
Women
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Type
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Text
Sound
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application/pdf
audio/mp3
Source
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Grand Rapids oral history collection (RHC-23)
Date
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1971
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives
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https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/58d99de3a86305b564dd2f0894f316cd.pdf
c2eb8f158a58b57c5d8e403394636cda
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�MANISTEE TOWNSH IP, MA N ISTEE COUNTY
M ICHIGAN
PERMANENT
ZON ING ORD INANCE
~ C:1 ~
An Ordinance of the Township of '.\lanistee, Manistee County, State
of Michigan:
The primary purpose which is mainly to pro\'ide better conditions,
proper location, and adequate space for the three essentials of !iring:
home, work, and play.
~□ C=::EJ
ART ICLE I
Prea mb le
Sec t ion 1.01 - T itl e:
This Ordinance shall he known as the ":\fani,tce To\rmhip Pcrma·
ncnt Zoning Ordinun1.:c."
Se ct ion 1.02 - Purpose :
The f1111d :1111C'ntal pul'p<, .· l·, of Lhi~ Ord,r. a nt·e ;,r.::
1a I
To promote the public health, ,aret:,, morals and general
welfare.
, b \ To encoura;.:c the me of lands in acermJ~ncc with thei r
character and adaptability and to limit the improper use of land.
/cJ To avoid the O\'ercrowdin;,: of population.
<d)
To pro\'ide adequate light and air.
1e J
To lesson congestion on the public road~ and streets.
(D To reduce hazards to life and property.
(gi
To facilitate adequate provision for a system of transportation,
sewage disposal, safe and adequate water supply. education, recrcaion and other public requirements .
<h J To conserve th<! expenditure of funds [or public impro,·cments
and services to conform \\'ith the mo~t advantageous u,es of land ,
r e-sources and properties.
ARTICLE II
Def inition s
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For the purpose of this Ordinance certain terms ;ire herewith
defined. When not inconsistent with the context, \\'Orcls used in the
singular number include the plural numhc-r, and 1,·ords in the plur.il
number include the singular number . The word "shall" is always
mandatory and not merely directory.
Section 2.01-Accessory Buildings:
A supplementary building or structure on the same lot or parcel of
lancl as the mai n building or buildin gs, or part of the main building
occupied by or devoted exclusively to an accessory use, but such use
shall not include any building u sed fo r dwelling, r esident ial or
lodging purposes, or ~Jeeping quarters for human beings.
Section 2.02- Accessory Use :
A use naturally and normally incidental to, subordinat e to, and
devoted exclusively to the main use of the lanri or buildings .
Sect ion 2.03- Alley:
A puhlic thoroughfare or way not more than thirty 130 i feet wide
an d which affords only a secondary means of access to abutting
pr operty
''
II.
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�Section 2.04- Altcred:
Any change rn the location or u~c of a building, or any change in
the :,uppo, t,11g 111crn1Jer:, 01 a build111g ~uch a:, LH.:ar111g watls, columns,
beams, pu:,ts, girder:,, and s11111tar component:,, or any subslantial
change 111 I.he rooi or exlenor walls.
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Section 2.05-Basement:
/\. bascmcnl is that purl.ion o( a building partly below Lhc average
grade or a,eragc elevation of the lot.
Section 2.06-Building:
Any structure, either temporary or permanent, having a roof and
u:,cd or built for the :,helter or enclosure ol pcr:,uns, animals, chattels,
or properly of any kind . iluildmgs shall include tents, awnmgs,
vehicles, whelhcr mounted or on wheels and situated on private
property and used for purpose of a building.
Section 2.07-Cabins and Motels:
Any building, tc_nt, or similar structure which is maintained, offered,
or usc<l for dwcllwg or ~lecping quarters for transients or for temporary residence, but shall not rncludc what arc commoniy designated
as hotels, lodgin g houses, or tourist homes.
Section 2.08-Cabin Court or Park :
Any tract or parcel of land on which two or more cabins as herein
defrn~d. arc mam~med, 01Icrcd or used for dwellrng or sleeping
quarters for transients.
Section 2.O9-District, Land Use District or Zone:
A pa_rt or parts of the .unincorporated area of .Manistee Township
for which zoning rcgulat10ns arc prescribed.
Section 2:10-Dwelling, Permanent and Temporary:
Any building, or part Lhcrcof, designed or used as the residence,
home, or sleeping place of one or more persons.
1 a)
One-Family_ Dwelling - A dwelling occupied by but one ( 1)
fam11)'., and so designed _and arranged as to provide livmg, cooking
and kitchen accommodat10ns for one family only.
1 b 1_ Two-Family _Dwelling- A dwelling occupied by but two <2)
fam1l1~s. and so designed_ and arranged as to provide living, cooking
and kitchen accommodations for two families only.
( c) . Multiple Dwelling-A dwelling olher than a one or two-family
dwelling.
( d) Tc-mporary Dwcllin~s - Cabins, tents, trailers, garages, cellars
and '?asemcnts tf used for dwellings are designated as temporary
dwellings.
Section 2.11-Erected:
Signifird buill, c~nstructN.I, reconstructed, mo:ved upon, including
a_ny phy:~1cal opcralwns_on land rcqu1rcd for a building. Excavations,
fill. drainage, and lhe like shall be considered part of erection.
Section 2.12-Family:
Any numb1;r of individuals living together and cooking tol(clhcr
o_n the premises as a sm~le, ~o:1prnf1t, houseket>ping unit as distinguished from a group occupyini: a h0tcl. club. or sim ilar structure
together 11·1th all nccc-ssary cmployes of the family .
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Sect ion 2.1 3- Farm :
unplal.t(-<i. C' onti gul'u,. neighboring or associa terl land ope rJtcd as
a sin~le unit on whi ch fann in;? is carrierl on . including the prod uct ior.
and kE>Cping of all r0mmon types of_ fa_rm animals. and provided that
greenhouses, nurseries, orchard s, ap1anes, poultry farms. truck farms
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:rnd ~irnilar ~pl'cia lizc•d 111· int ensi vl' a ~rin1l t11ral <'nt.•rpri.,C's. sl: .1 11 h,!
<·01,sid1·1·l'd f;irn,~; h11I r,1.1h!1,h1;,rnls hl'1'pim: or O[H·r;d111·~ f11r ·IH'a1 iri~
:1•11111.i b . 1":Jrne. clo~ kc•nll(•!:--. swck yards. lrl'l'~tock .illl'l1011 . . sl:w"ht,•r
holi ••~. ~IPnl· q11arr11 ·,, ,,r J.!J ;iq•I pils r.r ~;,nd ()ilh. fl·l'li!i11 r 1111rk ~.
h,•ll•' , :11 d,. or fnr tlH· r cdtil' I 111n ril :11:11 ,1:d 111:il t1•;-, or for I h1· d1,r11,:d
of p11hl 1<' i!arli:1gc•. s<•1~:11.:<'. rulil>!~h . or 11f(;,I, ~hall nul con s1 it11t1• a
farn1 l11•1·,·111H li ·r.
Section 2.14-- Farm 3uildings:
.\n~· lrn!ld;n~ 11: !1c:· th:in a c!IH·llin.!, erected, mO\·erl 11pon, or
nw intai11u1 11n ;:; farm. \1111(.:h 1,; r~sl·nt1a\ :rnd cu~tomanly u,cc\ 1 n
farm~ i1, thL· i•IHN11t or ,,,.:ricullural arli11ti:,.
Section 2.15 - Garage (Private and Comm ercial):
, a, A priv:ite t.,arage 1s any det,,chnl build in;::. not 01·cr one 11 /
~torv or t ,•n , 10 , rec! in hci .;ht c1t th• ca,·rs for s:01 :qc nl self propelled pr11 ;, le pa~<'~en~cr \'l·h1clc~ or ll ,iilt•r cnnchc, \1!1erc no scrv1cm;,:
or ~twa!!c: '.ha b11•1:1c.-ss for proiit is cr,nrlt1C'll'd.
, bi /\. ('(lll!mercial ;.!ar:,g1• 1~ nny ~nra::e C'lllcr th nn :i pril'atc gar.ige.
Scd io n 2.16-- Highway:
.\n_v p11blie thn :·qu~ l!f u: :• •1edicated and m,.i11 1 :.i n·tl tor tli ,~ opt:ratiun
of ~ l'hi<:u lar traff:c.
Sec:lion 2.17- Hotel.
Any builrhn...! ,, r•r ,. Jodc;;n~. with or w1 J.<1\lt. mc.iis. b furnished to
tr:in,;irnt or rrsirJcnl ~\ll',1!> for cnmpl.'nqtion. an,j u,ntaining m•Jr"
than four t 4J. lecpinr, morn,;, and having :10 cook:n;: facil1t1e~ in :my
indi\'idual lodging. but \\'herein a restaurant may or may not be located .
Section 2.18 • Lodging Hou'>e :
l'r1ma1ily ;i fami l~· clwrllin:.( where lodi:m...! 11·ith or without 1nr:ils. is
fu, rnched nn a ll'"rkly or a m0n:hly hasis to three 131 or more pcr•;uns,
wLu arc not mt•mb,~r<; c,f the family uccupyin~ anrl opc.-rnting the
p, ,.ini5es. but not neC'cs,arily to .. nyone •;.. fi') may apply.
Section 2.19-Home Occupation:
I\. /!:ii nful occ11pntion conclutl<·<i by rn cm h0 rs cf a family only within
its pla<'C· of rcsidcnrc. Pn,villed. that space u,ccl is incident.a! 10
reside ntial use. and pmvitlc-<1 further that no mN:har;1c;,l equipm,.nt
othrr than for norm;;! domP:;tic purpo.,cs is used e·,c:cpt that non nn lly
incirlrnt.al to the spN"i fic horn<' 0uupation~ li~t,.rl be:r,·.,·: rro·.·ided
fu rt her, no sig n nvcr nnr. 1I) square foot attached tn ttc foe~ of th"
!JuildinJ? desir,nating 1h" rc•<;id,.nt's nam" ,,nd ocrup;itinn rn:11' h" US<'rl.
onrl prnvir!Prl further , th&l s11ch si~n as is u,ed ~h:,11 not hr. an on
:inrl off illumin;:tc·rl si :.!n. Home occupati nn< ar<· thost• such a~: the
office of n ph~sician, musician . sugcon, dc•ntu,t, lnwy r,r.
Section 2.20.- Lot ;
The parcel of land on which nnc /1) principal buildi:111 and its
acrrssories arc placed, together with the open spaces rc'1uir1;d by this
Ordinance.
Section 2.21 -- Corner Lot:
A lot on \\·hich at lea<t two 121 adjJcent sides ahut for their full
len.cth upon a strPet. prnvid,.d that such two sides intersect at an
angle- of not more than 135 degrees.
Section 2.22 - Lot of Record:
A lot wh ich 1s part 0f a suhdivision anr! is sho\,\ n nn a man thereof
which has brr•n rccordl'd in the Offic~ of the Re" i<tc·r of Df'Cds of
l\!;inistee rounty, or a lot descriherl hv metes and bounds, the deed
to which has heen n-corded in said o!ficc.
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Section 2.23-Non-Conforming Building or Use:
A building or the use of a building or land conflicting with the
provisions of this Ordinance un the ellective date thereof.
Section 2.24-Parks:
A park is a non-commercial recreational area.
Section 2.25-Public Assembly Buildings:
Buildings and outdoor areas where numbers of persons congregate
from t,me to tune lor euucalional, religwus, soc:ial ur recrcatJOnal
purposes, including churches, schools, community buildings, clubs,
Jougcs, theatres, 1 mdoor and outdoor), places of amusement and
:;imilar assemblages.
Section 2.26-Public Utility:
Any person, firm, corporation, municipal department or board duly
authonzed to furn1~h and furn1shmg under municipal regulaLions to
the public: Transportation, water, gas, electricity, steam, telephone,
tel eg raph, or sewage disposal and other services.
Section 2.27-Restaurant:
A business located in a build ing wherein food, beverages, or meals
arc pn:pan;d, served and sold for consumption on or off the premises,
and deriving the major portion of its receipts from the sale of such
products.
Section 2.28-Retail Commercial Es tab Iishment:
A store, market, or shop in which commodities are sold or offered
for sale in small or large quantities to the retail trade; grocery and
general stores, meat markets, public garages, and automobile service
stations arc included in this classification.
Section 2.29-Roadside Stand:
A structure used or intended to be used solely by the owner or
tenant of the land on which it is located, for the sale of only seasonable products of the immediate locality.
Section 2.30-Set Back Lines:
Lines established adjacent to highways and high-water lines for
the purpo~e of defining the limits within which no building or structure or any part thereof shall be erected or pcrmanenlly maintained.
Section 2.31-Strcet:
A public thouroughfare which affords a principal means of access
to abuting property.
Section 2.32-Structure:
A structure is any production or piece of work artificially built
up or composed of parts joined together in some definite manner;
any construction, including dwellings, garages, buildings, signs, and
signboards.
Section 2.33--Tavern:
Any place where malt, vinous, or spiritous liquors are sold for
cons umption on the premises, is defined as a tavern for the purpose
of this Ordinance.
Section 2.34-Tourist Home:
Primarily a family dwelling where lodging with or without meals
is furni shed for compe nsation , ch iPny on an ovcrni c: ht basis. and
ma inl y to transi ents , but not necessarily to anyone who my apply.
Section 2.35-Tourist Cabin -Court;
, a , Any bui ld ini:: in a cabin -court which is maintained, offered
or used for overnight human occupancy.
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( b J Any parcel of land on which two or more cabins arc localed.
Section 2.36-Trailer Park:
Any site, Jot, field, tract or parcel of land on \\'hi ch arc situated two
( 21 or more inhahitcd trailer CQilChcs, either free of charge or for
revenue purposes. and shall include any building, structure, tent,
vehic:lc, or rnc!osurc Joc:atecl thcr<', and used or inte11dec! for u~e as
a part of the equipment of such park.
Section 2.37-Use:
The purpose for which land or a building thereon is designed, arrangccl or intended to be occupied or used, 01• for which it is
maintained.
Section 2.38-Yard:
A space open to the sky, and unoccupic-d or unobstructed except
by encroachments specifically permitted under section of this Ordinance, on the same lot with a buildin ~ or structure. Yard measure•
ments shall be the minimum horizontal distances.
I a)
Front Yard-a yard extending across the full \\'i d th of lot
between the front Jot lines and the nearest line of the main building.
, b ) Rrar Yard-a yard extending acPoss the full width of the
lot bet\\'cen Lhe rear lot line and the nearest line of the main
building.
( c) Side Yard-a yard cxtendir. g from t he front yard to the r c:ir
yard bet\\'een the side lot line and the nearest line of the main
building or of accessory buildin 6 attached thereto.
Section 2.39-Existing Building:
An existing building is a building existing in whole or whose
foundations are complete, and whose construction is being dili gently
prosecuted on the effective date of this Ordinance.
Section 2.40-Words Requiring Special Interpretation:
Any words requiring special interpretation and not lis ted above
shall be used as defined in the Housing Law of Michigan . Act 167
of the Public Acts of 1917, as amended .
ARTICLE 111
General Provisions
Section 3.01-Scope:
Except as hereinafter provided , no building, lot, land or part
thereof shall be used, altered, constructc-d , or reconstructed , nor sha 11
alterations be made in any existing buildings in Manistee Town ship
·except in conformity with the provisions of this Ordinance which
apply to the zone in which it is located .
Section 3.02-Non-Conforming Uses:
ra) The lawful use of any building or structures and of any land
or premise existing prior to the effective date of this Ordinance, may
be continued, if such use of building or structure entails no original
construction. alteration or enlargement thereof. docs not cons titute
a public nuisance or endanger the public health . safety, or welfare.
No other non-conforming use of anv buildin~, structure, or any land
or premise shall be undertaken following the effective date of this
Ordinance.
l b ) If the non-<:on!orming use of any building, s tructure , land or
premise is changed to a conforming use, such use shall not hereafter
be rev e rted to any non-conforming use.
(c\
If this non-conforming use of any buildine;, structure, land . or
premise, or part thereof, is abandone<l for a continuous period of one
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( l I year, then any ful ure use or said build inµ, structure, la11cl <1r
prc•misc shall conform in its ·enti rety to th<1 provisions o[ thjs Ord1n,111cc.
1d I
When cli1,trid IJoundrics sh:1ll herearter hP changecl, resultin;..:
in ;111y non-<·onf(ll'llling u~e, then said nen -l'nnform ing UM! may still be
continuer!, but s11lijrct to all other provisions of this section.
Section 3.03- Reconstruction of Damaged Non-Conforming Buildings
and Structure s:
:'\"olhin;.: in this Ordina11C'c ~hall prcn:nt the reccin~truction, repair
or I cstorat ion and the con! inued the of any non -confoming h.uildi ng
or structure d,111 1ai,:,·d hy fire, collapse, cxplo,ion, ads of Gud. or
art., or the 1111hlic ,,11,.my. ~uhsequcnt to the effectini date of this
Onlinnncl', prm 1rll'd, 'l'h;it such l'<'~t<,ralion and resumption shall
tah pbcc·\1·i1hin ~ix 1fj, months or the time of such clama~e s,•tt!em<'nt: further. That s;:iicl use he identical with the non-conforming
ll~c permitted ,111d in crfccl. directly prccedir.~ ~.iid damage.
Section 3.04---Repair, Alteration and Completion of Non-Conforming
Buildings and Structure~:
,,,) :\olhlll'.~ ;n thi~ Ordinance t:lwll prt•\·c·nt the l'('p;iir, rrir1forcr.m1_,nt. imprO\"('Tl"l(•nt or rr>habilit:ilion ,;[ non -,·n nfonnin~ buildings,
s:ructun•~ - or r ar t tlwrvr,f c:xi~l111c: :1t tlw effcl'lil'(: clatr> of this Ordinnntc•, rrnderert n<•e,. s,ar:-,· hy \1·<ar anrl tear. d!'(crior;it 1011 or dr.•p rrciatwn : r.,!r prc•\·e nt <·omplianC'l• with tht• provisions of the Builclinr:
Code or Hou~ing Law of ,\Iichi l!a n, rclati\'c to tlw 111,iintenanr·c r;f
huildinw, or ~truct111cs, pro\·idPr! such alteratinns. impro\·emems. nr
remodeling shall not incrPase the original total floor sp;ice to c-x rced
25 ~;. cl11ring it's nrin ,-onfnrming u.,e. furthr• r , Th<'1 e sllnll be no rhnn '.!C'
of u.,e of such lrnildint.: at the time 5uch work b done: and provirlerl,
further. There shall be no change of said building or part thereof.
rh.1 Nor ~hnll anythnrt in this Ordinance require any change in
the exfsting con5lruction or intcndc•d uw of the buildin~ for which
plnns ha\·c heen prepared and filrd with the Township Zoninc: TI0ard
within 30 days of date of thi~ p11hlication, and the ronfr 11t:(ion of which
shall ha,·c hcrn diliJ.:ently rrcm•r.utcd for a period of OnC' 11) Month
prior to th1• effl"(-\ive date 0f this nrdinance, and which will be com pleted l'-'ith1n T ·,vo 12) Years aftr:r the effective dalt.> o[ this Ordinance .
Cc) ·:S:o liascrnc:nt , cc-ilar, g;,ru'..(c, or 11n:v ir:,~omplctr•l y constructuJ
structurP in u~<· a ~ n dwf'lling at the cf[ective date qf this Ordinance
shall be mf'(I as a d"rlling unlc·ss such structure has heen hrnught
fo state of comn!Ption WITHTN TWO 12, YE/dl.:; after the date of ;i
Notice to complete said incoml<:tc structure fr(Jm the Zoning Admir.istator, after his appointment hy the Township Board .
Section 3.05--Yard and Lot Area Requirements:
Whr.re a lot abuts upon ;in alley, One-ha]( I 1h I of the width of sairl
alley may he consirlrn:d :i part of surh Jot for the purposr of comput in .t.:
the rlt' Pth of any rear yard required under this Ordinance. In determining lot and yard requirements . no area shall he counted as
accessory to morP th.111 one principal building or use, and no area
ncc~sar::v fur compliance with the open space requirements for one
main building shall be includl>d or counted in the calculation of the
open space nec~ss.1ry to any oth<'r main huilding or use .
Section 3.06---Location and Size of Acces~ry Building~:
All acc f',so r; bu ilding shall be in lhe side yard or rear yard. ex ce pt
wht.>n huilt c.1s par. of lhe main buih.li.n ;,;, or built ir, Re so rt Resiuen tial District
An accessory bt.:ildin~ attached to the pri:1cipal building of a lot
shall be made structurally a part thereof, and shall comply in all
respects with the requirements applicable to the princ ipal building-.
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Tli<' .irces~ory buildin g, unless :ilt:ichrd anJ ma,!!' ~-J rt of the prindp:1!
build ing as prov,Jcd, i; hall not be d •>,c, r (h;rn Trn 110, !-'t'('l io t'1c
pr;11cipal buJlding.
Section 3.07-- Temporary Dwellings:
No cabin, trailer, tent., garage, baser.tent or other temporary :,true1.11re. \\"hcther of a fb.cd or movcahle nature, m~y bP ercc:tc<I , movc<i
or u~cd for any d welling purpo&cs whatsoever for any length of tir:1e,
except as follows :
( a) The Jc,cat ion sruill not be injurious to the surrounding pr<>µcrty
or neighhorhood.
( b ·, The water su;'ply and toilt>t facilities ~erv i: 1g t'ilch shall CC'll·
form to the minjmum requirements as set fortl1 in Sl"!ction 3.13 c,f
lhis Ordiru.nce.
1c) An application for a permit for the erection or mon~ment
shall be made to the Board of Appeals on :i special form u~eri e'<clusively for that purpose, and fil~d with the Township Cl<'rk. Tr.e
application shall he ,!ccompanicd by an endorsement of th r Town ~h ip
Zoning In~pcr tor approving the loc;ition o[ c::n:h proposed sti-uc :,m:,
a 11 d the proposl'd II atrr supply ::.nrl toil el [acilities Lh<'rr·fore .
t d) The Board of Appeals shall give due nritice o[ n hr;;;rinq on
such application. and shall have pow()r to refuse til<' applicati on if
the clrsign or pr,1pn,cd <:<mstruction of the> struct11re ~ha ll bt: ~1:(:h as
t<> indicate that tne structure is intended to stand as .-. permanent or
co;nplet!'d dwelling, or the erection, movement, altcr11tion, or use be
deti-imental to the public health, safety, and welfare.
re\ If the npplication is approved, the Township Clerk shall isw e
the owr,cr and occupant a prrmit for surh erection , movement, .:l!crat ion or usl:. The permit for such shall clearly set for~h that tho
structure permitted is intended as a temporary dwelling, and that
said dwelling is to be vacated upon expiration of a specific time limit
to be deterrr.ined by th<: township Board of appeals, which shnl! in
no ease exceed a period of twelve 112) months. On delivny cf the
permit, the owner and occ:1pant shall certify in a space allotteri for
that nnrr,<>se that hn or she has full knowl"dge of the term~ nf the
permit and the penalty pertaining therc,to. No permit shall be trans•
ferable to any othcr owner or occupant.
Section 3.08-U~ of Trail<us and Similar Moveable Dwellings:
Automobile trailers, trailer coaches, and simitar portahlc dwcllin r:s,
shall not be perm illc·d to he used or oecnpied as dwellings, except
when localed Jn and as part of suc h trailer parks or tourist court
business Pnt<'r71risP~ as shall h~vc b<'en estahli s hl'rl and in opC'rat inn
at the time of tl1e dfC'ctivc: date of this Ordinance, or speci fically
appro1·t.><1 hv Lhe Zoning Board of the Township, after notice of and
p11blic hearing thereon .
Section 3.09- Vehicular Parking Space and Access Thereto :
, a\ For ca.ch dwelling, bu5iness, commercia I. industrial, or other
i::milar building hcr~after erected or altereri. and locnt <' d o n a puhlic
hi.rthway in the towru;hip, and including buildings or structures use<l
printipally as a place of Public Assembly, there shall be provided
and maintained suitable space of£ the right -o f-way that is in gPneral
aricquate for I.he parking or loading of vehicles in proportions shown
on the following table, with safe exit to and safe en trance from the
public thoroughfare, but not to exceed one r 1 ) such C'Xit and entrance.
Such exit and entrance may be cor.1bined or pro\ idrd ~cparatc>ly.
Approval for the lo<'ation of such exit and entranrc shall bp obt:iin<'d
from the County Road Commission. which shall also approve the
desirn and construction thereof in the interest~ of i:afcty, adequate
drainage and other public requirements. A :ninimum of Two
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Hundred 1200J square foC't, C'xr.lu&h·C' of drives, entra nces anJ exits,
shall compri.~e one , I) autoniohilc p;1rking spaee.
Ilospit.ils. and in~! i!utions of simil:11· 11:iturc--Onc I l J parking spac<.'
for cvery thrce hundred t 300, squarr. fcf't ol floor ~pan' or part
thc-reof.
Hol.ds-One parking space for every two r 2, Gurst Rooms.
Ilctnil business eslahlishments-- i\dcquale parkin!:! space to ,H.:com
modalc the patrons of the business.
Restaurants anti similar establishments serving food or drinkOne I l I parking space for every one hundred 1100 1 square feet of
floor area or part thereof.
Dwellings-One ( 1) parkin 6 space for each family umt occupying
the premises.
Churches, thC'alcrs . and other places of public assembly-One parkin;,: ~pace for each four senls of scaling capacity.
, bi In addition to the above, sp:ic-c shall he provided in each case
for person~ employed or intended to be employed, in f he proportion
of one parking space for e\·cry two such persons.
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\\'here parking spac.:e is located other than on the same lot
with the building to he served th ereby, such space shall he located
on the same ,;idc (,[ th1.• public highwa~'. \1·1th m,D;imum distance
fr om th,~ main entr;.nce of the hu:lcling not !:!!'eater than one thousand
!lOOO l feet for all buildings of public assembly , and not greater than
fi'.'e hundred , 500 / feet for all other buildings specified in this
section.
Section 3.10-Public Service Facilities:
The C'rcclion , constt•11rt1on. alferation , or maintenance hy public
utilities or municipal departmrnts or commissions of underground
or ovcrhC'ar! gas, electrical, steam, or water distribution, or transmission systems, collection. communieat i0n, suppl:,·. or di~posal ~ystrms includinq mains . drains. SC'Wers, p1rws. conrluits. wirPs, r;ihl~s.
fire ala:-m boxes. polirc c;11l hox,:,~, traffic signal~. hydrant s. tnwl'rs,
pnlrs and othc-r simil;1r cquipml'nt and ~cccs 0 oriPS in c.:nn:wction
therewith. hut nnt inc.:ludin:: bui ldings, rrasonahlv 110c:c-~~ry f1>r th<"
furnishing (, f arlequ;itc s01·\·il.'e,; IJ~· sur;h rlll!i!ic util.til's 0r municipal
den.irtmrr.ts or commis~ions, nr for public health nr s.ifetv or ecnrral
welfar<:> . ~h;ill be prrm1t1cd as authnrizC'd ll'ld rcgul ;,te rl by lr1w and
other ordinar:ces of the Township of \faniste:e in :inv use district , it
being the intention hr•rcnf to excmr,t such erectinn. comtruction,
alt~ratinn and maintrnancc from thr. application of !hi~ ()rrJ1nancc,
PM vidcrl. however, That thr. erection or constn,ction ,,f an:,1 or all
new above grade con~truction is design"<! and e>rectPr! t ri conform
hannoniou~ly with the grnc:ral architecture and plan of such nistrict
in which it is to he erected.
Section 3.11-Removal of Soil, Sand and Other Material ;
The use of land for the remo va l of topsoil. sand, ~ravel or other
m~tcria] to be snlrl from the land is nnt permil!rrl rn any district
cx1·,, nt 11ndC'r ;i TPrnnorarv f'"rlificatc frnm thr Bnar•I r, f i\pp1•al s,
which m,w be denier! or issued in apµrop1iale ca,cs upon th1' filin({
of an application arcnmpanic:d hv ;i s•1ilahle agr1'1>ment or bond th;1t
such renioqil will nnt cau:,e slar;nant wale r to collrct. nr lca,·c lh'!
surf~ce of the land al thr exn1r:itinn of such pnmit in an unstahle
cnndit inn o:• unfit fnr thr. gro•1·; ng of turf nr fnr other Jann u,c~
prr:n'ttr'rl in thr District in which surh rcrnnval occurs .
Section 3.12-District Bovnd11ries :
, a , l·riJess othrrwi~e shnwn on the ApproYed Zoning ~fap showing use districts in unincorporated portions of Manistee Township,
8
Manistee County, Michigan. the boundary lin_es of use dis~icts sh_all
follow along the lines indicated on the Unite-cl States Land Office
Survey Maps, or the center line of highways. streets, alley_s, or waterways; or the shore lines of waler bodies; or the boundanes o( unmcorporalcd areas.
.
( b J Where the boundaries of use districts ~re not shown on said
Map as following along any of the aforsa1d l!_ncs,_ e1~her exactly or
approximately, such boundaries unless otherwise indicated _shall be
construed to be pa.rallcl to and six hundred sixty (660 ) feet ttom the
center line of the nearest street or highway.
Section 3.13-Water Supply and Sewage Facilities:
In the interests of protecting the public health and welfare, every
build ing or structure hereafter erected, altered or _moved upo~ any
premise and uS<!d in whole or. in part for dwelling, rec_rcat10n_al,
business. commercial , or industrial purposes. shal_l be P;Ov!dcd with
ca) a safe and sanitary water supply; , b) collect1on anc, d1sposa I of
human excreta and domestic, commercial , and industrial _waste. by
means of public sewage disposal system or approve-ct septic lank.
ARTICLE
IV
Districts
Section 4.01-Oistricts:
For the purpose of this Ordinance, all the unincorporated area of
Manistee Township is hereby divide-d into land use districts, to be
known as, and having, the following symbols:
RU-1:
Single Family Residential District.
RR-1 : Resort Residential.
RC-1 :
AG-1:
C-1:
M-1:
M-2:
F-1:
AP-l:
Restricted Residenticl-Commercial District.
Agricultural District.
Residential-Commercial District.
Light Industrial Di.strict.
Heavy Industrial District.
Forest.
Airport Hazaru Zone.
Section 4.02-Zoning Map:
The area assigned to said districts and the boundaries thereof are
shown upon a map known as a ZO NmG MAP of the Townsh:p of
Manistee. enpies of which are available for inspection by the public
in the offices of the Township Clerk. Township Zoning Inspector, and
which Map, notations , references, and other information _shown_ thereon are herebv incorporated into and made a part of this Ordinance,
as fullv as ii those matters and the information thereon appearing
were
fully describe-ct in thi, Ordinance.
all
ARTICLE V
RU-1: Single Family Residential District
Section 5.01-Uses Permitted:
No building or part the-reof shall be erected, altered, or uwd, or
land used in whole or in part, !or other than one or more of the
following uses:
1. Detached one-family dwellings.
2. Home Occupations.
3. Churches, scho0ls, community ann organizational buildings, pul>lic utility buildings and publicly owned parks and playgrounds. Provide-ct however That the location, erection, and use shall first have
been ' approved' by the Townsb.ip Zoning Board after public notice
9
�given in a newspaper of gen<'ral ci.rcul.ition in the township, of a
statement of the proposed use.and location and the time of a hearing
thereon . If, 011 s11ch l1<•;1ri n1-;, 1t ~hall appear that tlw p1oposnl
erec.:tion, location, or use he detrimental to the puhlic health, safety,
or general \\"e!fare, or the character of the nc1 g hhorhood wlic:-eiu it
is proposed to locate such use, then such use shall be denied.
4. Accpssory uses, buildings, and structures customarily incidental
'
\
to any of the al.Jove permitted uses.
Section 5.02-Lot Area:
Bach dwelling hereinafler erected or altered shalt be located on
a lot not less than One Hundred (100') Feet frontage, nor less than
15,00U Square r'eet in area.
Section 5.03-Yard Requirements:
1. Front Yards-Every lot or parcel of land on which a dwelling,
or main bu1ld111g, is hereDfter erected, altered, or mo\·e d, ~hdll
have a front yard not less than twenty-five ( 25') feet in depth, or
the front yards of said buildin 6s ~h.ill not be less than the average
depth of the front yards of existing buildings. In the case of a corner lol. no accC'~sary b11iJding shaJI proJcct beyond the front yard of
either street.
2. Side Yards-Every building including accessory buildings h('Teafler erected or altered shall have a side yard on each side thereof
which shall be not less than Ten 110') Feet in width.
3. Rear Yards-Every lot on which a dwelling or main building
is hereafter erected or altered, shall have a rear yard of not less than
Twenty-five (25') Feet in depth.
Section 5.04-Livestock :
No livestock other than common household pets shall be housed
or maintained on any premises in this district; Provided, however,
it shall be permissablc for residents in this District to keep for home
consumption not more than One Hundred < 100 / fowl , but not to
exceed twelve I 121 ducks, geese or rabbits, upon the condition thilt
the yards and pens arc maintained at all times in a clean and
orderly condition.
Section ·s.05-0ff-Street Parking:
Off-street parking facilities sh.all be provided for as specified in
Section 3.09 of this Ordinance.
Section 5.06-Building Area:
No dwelling shall he hereinafter creeled, or altered in District
RU-1 whi.:h shall be less than Six Hundred 1600) Square Feet of
floor area on the first floor level.
Section 5.07-Signs:
One < 1) sign only, not more than 1 square foot in size sh.all be
pemuttcd.
ARTICLE
VI
RR-1: Resort Residential
Section 6.01-Uses Permitted:
1. All uses permitted in Section 5.01 of this Ordinance.
2. All uses incidental to a rcr.rcational area, subject to approval
of the Zoning Hoard as m Section 5.01 ( 3 /.
Section 6.02- Lot Area:
Each dwelling hereinafter creeled or altered shall be located on a
lot not less than Fifty 1 50') feet in width throughout th_g length, nor
10
Jr~s th;111 10.UUU !-;qu:,rc l-'t'ct in area. l'rolidl•d, however, that these
111111i111u111 iot cl1rn,·11~11111!> :-.hall nul pn•1·e111 the u~c of :,,111~lc lot:-. or
n sulH..l1v1~1011, rccurdet! un or lwlorc the clfective d;.ile of this
Urd111a11-:e. 11l11eh :ire smalkr in size than 1·etJllil'l'd ;tl,ovt• and whu~e
01111cr, p1,s~c,,,ed nu conLiguous land from which the al.Jove rel1uircnll'11t.s could lw 111t•t on the cf11-cti1·c elate of tlus Ordinance.
Section 6.03--- Yard Requirements:
1. Front Yards-Every lpt or varccl of land on ll"hich a dwelling,
or main b11ild1r1;.:, is hcrcarte1 erected, allt'red, or moved, ~hall have
a 1ronL 1ard nul less than twenty f1l'e , 25· 1 ket in dl'pth. ur the
front ya1.-d,; of said buildings sh:ill not be ks~ than the avt'l':igc deplh
of the front yards of cxbting liuild111g~. In the ca,c of a cor_ne(· lut,
no accc~,,ory budding shall Jirujel't beyond the front yard of either
street.
.
2. Side Yards-El'cry buildin,:: inc:luding accessory buildings hereafter ercct<:d or nltered shall ha1·c a ~idc ynrd on each ~H.lc thereof
ll"hic.:h :-.hall he not le~;. than Tt•n I ltl '/ Feet in width.
3. Rear Yards-El'cry lot on which a d11clling or main building
is hen.:.11te1· erectc·d (JI' a]t('red, :-hall l1a1·e a r<'ar yard o[ not le!>S
than 'J\1cnty-fil e 1 :.51 Feet in depth.
Section 6.04- Livestock:
No li1·c,tock <Jthcr than common household pets shall be housed
or maintained on any premises in this district.
Section 6.05-0ff-Street Parking:
Off-street parking facilities shall be provided for as specified in
Section 3.09 of this Ordinance.
Section 6.06-Building Area:
;--;o d11cllin.t; shall be hereinafter erected or altered in District RR-1
\rhich shall ha1·c less than FCJur Ilundrcd i 4001 Square Fed of flour
ar(:<1 on the fir:st llot,r level.
Section 6.07 - Signs :
One I l I sign only, not more than l sc1uarc ft. in si1.c shall I.Jc
permitted.
ARTICLE
RC-1:
A-V II
Restricted Residential-Commercial Dish ict
Section A-7.01 --- Uses Permitted :
No _b uilding or part thereof shall be erl~ted. altered. ur used oc food
used m whole or m Part for other than one ur more of the following
uses:
2.
All uses permitted in all residential districts.
Retail stores.
3.
R estaurants anct similar food scrring establishments .
1.
4. Personal service establishments such
beauty parlors.
as barber shops and
5. _Salcsrooms and repair shops for automobiles. vehicles, home
and larrn l-(tU1PmL•aL, UJ.)OO approval of tile Ht'anl u( Appeal~.
6. Tourist honH's, .roonung houses, motels, holds. lln<..l multpk
dwelling units.
7.
Shoppil1g
U.
CI.Jurchcs, school~. hospitals, clm.ics.
Ct:!JlC'rs.
11
�I
l
·I
l
·1
t
9. Ac('cssory uses, buildings, and structures customarily iucidcnlaJ
Lo anv of the above permitted u~cs. Provided, however, that the
location. er<~~uc,11 , and u:;e :-"hall uol be dct:vimeutal to 1hc public
health, .~afc.:ty, or gt•neral wcllare. or to the 11eighborhoo<l wlicrein
1t 1s prop.,scd lo locate such use.
Section A-7.02 - -Sizc of Land Areas:
1. Jll'~idrnc<• rrquiremcnts for dwellings---A building used exclusively for a dwelltn :t .,l1.11! comply wilh the requircmcnu, as to hei ght.
lot, area. yarus. ,mu 11uor spacL· a~ in Lhc residenLial district abuttin 01•
on tbt· C-1 <li.~i.rict :it the nearc.'it di~tance from said Jot.
2. Lot a,Ta f.,r Ct,mmcrc1nl B111idi11gs- Commercial buildings shall
not bi· locale<l 011 a lot with less U1an 150 foot frontaC!c nor a lof.
an:;i ul lc~s than 15.000 squ..an) fC<?t.
Section A-7 .03-- Yard Requ i.rement~:
1. Front yard of Commercial ll11ild i11gs-l'.:very lot or parcel ot
land shall have a frunt yard of nol less than twenty-five l 251 feet in
dl:plh , to be considered ;i.~ i he distance from the highway right of way
lin•! tu th1, nearest po1nl of the front c>:krior wall.
2. Rear ya;-d,. (Jf <A>rn nH~rl.· ia.J 8uildings-:..:o n ·ar ;ard si.all be
le;;s lhan twenty il1,c: , 25) feet.
a Sid:! yanls nf C-Omr:iercial fluildings-Nn side yard &hail b~
less than twenty (20) feet.
Section A-7.04-Height and Size of Commercial Buildings:
J. No IJuilding ~all hcrcaflcr be c.•rccted ()r alt<:rc<l to a height
cx<·••c.:drng Llurty -fivc , :.l~> 1 feet cxccpl upun approval of the Board
of App<'.J.'..
2. No bui ldmg shall hereafter be erected or altl:rc<l having a
ft;-:;t floor area oJ less than Ei1~ht Hundred ( 800, square feet.
Section A-7.Ci.:i- Signs :
Signs or othc.,r adve rtising display of a size r.ot exceeding twenty
120) square feet for <'ach Jut when fX!rta.ining to the s.ile, rental, or
u.~c c,f the t>rcmi.ses on which the sign is locate<.!. Large signs for
general advertising sh..t ll not be permitte<l except upon approval
of the il<>ard of App<-als.
Section A-7.0t>--OH-strei!t Parking Facilities:
Off-stn.:ct parki.ni:; facilities shall lJe provide<.! as sp,.x:iiied in &-.:Lion 3.09 of thi.,; Ordinance.
Section A-7.07--Limitation on Uses :
No building or land sh.all be used whereon the operation of any
machinery or the conduct of any process. activity, or the storage or
display of merchandise be such as to create a nuisance or be offensive by reason of emission of smoke, o<lcr, fumes, dust , waste, or
vibratio n.
ARTICLE
I. Farms. incl11dint! both g<'ner:-il anc\ ~1wcializcd farming, country
estalC's, and similar agrkultural cntrrpriscs, but nr,t including premis<i~ nrwr:1t crl tor the dispo~al of sewage, rubbish, garbage', or offal,
or for rc•nclcring plants.
2. Dwellings, farm buildings and structures, including roadside
stands,
3. One-family detached dwellings , othL•r than farm dwellings, if
approved specifically by the 13oard of Appeals in accordance with the
procedure in Section 13 of 'this Ordinance.
4 . Jlome occupations.
fi. Churches, sc hools. parks. cemrleries, picnic groves, play grounds,
golf courses. an_d similar facil_it ie_s for 011_ldnor rccrcatio_n and <'X·
crcisc , community and organizat1onal buildings, nurseries. greenhouses, airports. l:inding fic•lds , hospitals, riding stahles, livestock
auction yards, mines. quarries and gravel pits; Provided, hO\\evcr,
that the !<>c ation. erection, and u~e ~hall lir~t have been approved by
thi: Zoning Board, alter public notice give n in a new:;paper ol general
ci rc11l;.it1on 111 the Town:;l11p, of :i slatt•mcnt of the propo~ed use :ind
loc:ation and the 11me of a lw:.m ng thereon. Jr, on su !'h hearin:_:, it
:-hall ,,ppc;.ir th;ll the JJI op <1.,cd lrn:atwn. erection. or use be ddrimc-111,,I l<1 tile' fJ1Jhli e hl,dth. ~al<"t:; or ~(neral w!'![arc, or lo th t·
char;.ittcr c,r the nci:.:ill,:J:"!1ood •.• hL'l"l'ill 1t 1,; prnpo:,c<l to locate ~u<:h
u:,c, thl'n ~uch u~e ,-.hall he denied.
fi. Ac-c: c:,~ory uaL'S , hu ild1 n!;,-. and structu res cuslom:irily incitkntal
to any of the abol"e permitted u~c:.;.
7. ('anii•::11 ,. outdoor <"il'<"w,cs and similar migratory amus('l11cnt
e11tcrpr1~<•:,. :-.u!Jj, ·c:l lo approl",il or Lile lloard of /\ppcals.
Sect ion 7 .02- •· Size of Land Are a s:
J·:ve r y land area in l)1~1ricl :\G-1 upon which a dwelling b LO hl!
crcctl'd, altc•rerl. or mrl\td, ~hall h:l\"l' a minimum area of not Ir ~~
than l-'i\C ,;,, ,\c::e,- . 111th nrit le,~, 1h;1n Tw<• nly t 20J Hod s in width,
pro.,·idin.!.( il l;•,nh ,,, 1 a public lll ,:1!11:1.\ <Jr slrl:d..
Section 7.03- Yard Requirement~:
1. Front Ya,·d·;-- l•:1-.:ry par,:Ll of l,,nd upo:1 wl,kh a dw cl lill ~ is to
be erected. ,iltcn.!d or n1ovt'd sh;dl ha\'t: <1 frc,n t :,;;, r<l nol le;,., th;rn
Fi fly 1.30', F cc•t . mca s urui from the nc:1r:·s t highw;,y or ,-.trect. 11:;htot-1-.ay !Jound:,ry.
2. S11!l: Yard, .. ]J\\ clli ng, herl'inaf!t r c~reoted. altered, or mo-.rt.l
shall ha.,·e L1\ o , 21 '.,1dc• _varcls, c;1c:h 11( wh,ch ,h.Jll not be le:,,-, th a n
T v:cnty 120 1 fert.
Section 7.04- Building Area:
Dwcllin;; 5hall cn nforrn to area as in Section 5.0(i of this Ordiu.irlC' t'.
Section 7.05- Signs:
One I IJ Si:.:11 011ly, not more than Ni11C'191 Squ a re F'<•ct in ~izc <1nd
arh ertisin~ farni or far m produced prllducls :,,hall LP. permitted .
Provid•·d, ho11 e\ er, no lJilll10:1rd~ ~hall I.Jc p<:rmittcd
ARTICLE VIII
VII
AG -I: Agricultural District
Section 7.01 -Uses permitted:
\u buildin:.! or part thcr('r1f shall h<' crcctc·d, altered, or used or
land u•ed 1n whole or in part for othe r than one or more of the
followin g uses :
C-1:
Residential-Commercial
District
Section 8:01 : u~es Perm itted:
."..:o huilrl1n~ ur part 1hereof sh,>11 ht' crectr,!. ·illC' rr d, nr 11,1:J 1,r
land use<!. in who le or ill par t fur other than r,nc or 11101-: o( the
fol lowinq uses:
12
13
II
l
I
t
I
�,\ ll llf<'S J)L'rlllillrd 1t1 all ri::1d,·11ti;i i d,~lr ,1·ls.
llt'1.1 il sl :>re".
:i . RL,,-ta• 1r,,n! · ~ncl si:nil:,r· food ~,•rvin;.: C!<labl1,-hmc1.L,.
-i. h·r~onal s,·n ice c.,l:il.J:~h,!ll 11\s ~ud, :is h,1rbc·r shoi:,.; :ind
h1• ;1 ul.l' parlor~.
:i. c:asolinc ,-er.-itc :,tat ion~
l.
•>
fi.
SlOl':l(!C g:ir:,gcs .
,. S::lr~r1Jo111s and repai r ,-!;ops for :rnlomohill' v<'l1icle~. ho,n0 and
f::rm c"{Ulpm<'nl.
n. Jnd1if1 r Th•· :d r1•~. bowl1n;· alleys, l:1v0:-ns. t!,Jht -t:l uhs anJ simi
hr facilitic•s of n•crc.ilion.
!1 . l'i<·k up ~hops for laundry and dr:,, clc:iriin .~.
10. i\:cwspapcr :ind m;,:(.i?in•• tl1,tr,!;ulin'.! sta1:on,.
ll. Signs or other ac!n·rti:,in:.: di,-play flf a size· not c,;cceding
11•.;• .. t\' c:!01 square fr( :! fflr c.1ch la1 wiiPn P''rta:nin~'. tu the s:ile ,
n·•.: ·1f. 111· "~;<' ,.f the p;·,·mi-, , 'Jll '\·h;L•h lh"" •,i~•'1 i, l, ... atrc!.
!:....
l.;1r ~•.t1 ~igns f,ir
;"t'f
,..;,;
.u f·, ,·rl
i -1
;1: ,llidl 1:,,L 1.c
;" :,111t11:d
, ,,... pt 11pon Ilic app1<r,.d uf •ht• i:,,ani <,; .\;ip,·al.;.
I:L 'I\ \:ri;t c,,,p·· .. dn·: •r;1,:1•:- p:ir'.
Clll :,ppro-.:il r,1 (;t1,1:-,1 ,>(
,\ pJ,,·:,!:•.
].\ "! ·1:•1 rh-r. h1,1r,,• ... ro11·:· :n ~ h,,u-..l'.', :v1tcL.;, :H~:l hr:t,•:~.
r,. ,\rt('<,<,()!'_: 11:-i(~. !Juilri,n:- a:id 'iflll'lUIC~ (·IJ~t,,na rily i'1Cl·
d<:1,al 1-i :my or the ai1n:c· 111..-111.1,c,1 u,,.!>. Pro,·Hlccl. hm1c\c r , that
th,· loc::1tion. crrc:ti,m and 1J<;c ,, hall 11nt lie dctrnni ·n al !tJ the p11blic
lll'ail h. ~.dCl) or i.:c11l•r;:i w, i;a:·, . 1,1· t,, I iH• c:harac:tcr <Jt the nei;Ihbo,·hnod 11 hc•r-~in 1t is pro;Hi,c.l ,,. locale ,-uc-h use.
Secti o n 8.02- L imi t <1 t iu ns on u~e~:
:,:o liuilcling fl:• !:ind <h;,11 1,r: mr•c! \\'11crenn the opc:·:itir,n of any
nwc:hill< r~ or the· c-c,nd11cl ,,r ;,Py 1n·11ee.,~ ae1i1·i1~·- or the stora'..!t! or
rii.,pl;1v nf mr•rd1:i1Hli .-'I" lir ,.,, ,·h ;,, t ·1 trc·at<' a n11i,,,nc-e or It•: c,ff<'nsil·e
hv rc·c,,,rn of lhc e1r:1 , .-,r, n ,,J ir·•ikc. r,dor lu1i;c•s, du,\ . 11·.i~t c, or
1·1ln ;,tir,n.
Se ct icn 8.03 -Residi,nct' Re q ui rements for D wellin gs:
liuildir,,, 11,t·d , ~, 111•.iv,·I~ fr,~ :1 rlwr•llin!~ ~h;ill c:ompl:,: wilh the
LJ~ in t lie
re •ir!e nl ,a! 11,,.1.-wl. ;d,:1t1rn;i "'' 1lu· l' -1 l>i ·t1ic·1; I. Ll,c• 111•;,r,·,t d1~:_;111l·t
f1·u1 •1 ~:.,d 1.,1
A
l'P<piirc IJH•nls a., 11> lwi:•ht. lql. ;•rr·a. yard·, anrl I lnnr .,pa<:c.·
Se ction 8.04 - Y ;ird Rc q uin:me nt 5 for Co mmerciJI Building,:
I. Frc11t1 :.-:11 d, ,.: , 111111,,, rci;il l,uild1n~:-- I·: ,, r~ 1.,1 or p:ncd o[
land ~h:d I li..i,·" :. frnnf I arr! of 1101 !, .. ~ \In, n Twenh -!iv•: r :.!:'i', f,,I'(
l!1 dqllh. tri 11" r•,11~1d1 rc;d .is th,! rli,tanr·•· fro:i, the hi ~hway ri;;hl-of-
1·.ay lrnc to !hr nc•;in•,t pc,ir,t 11l the rr,.. nt extrr1rJr wall.
2. Sid<· Yards r,l Crllnmc·rcial J;uildin ·:s- Side 1·a rd ~ sh ti! not he
rcquirvd alon'..! 1nt1•rinr lot l:nr·s rxn•pt on that sicfe nf a lot ahutlin;.:
upon a lut u~crl fnr t11,<'1linc purpo~c.,, in wh1c:h casP ~uch yartl :,hall
Ill' no !c·~s than Ten r Jtf) h·e1 .
:i . H<•ar Y.inb nf Cnm1nncial Buildings- \'o r,·:.ir 1ards shall he
rc·•11;,rc·d 1•xc1·pt 1·.tv·rc the· c,,mmcrci:il zon,• ah11l., on ihc re:-H!cnlial
1mw. Ill,, hi,·h c,,-c• ih cre ~h:dl lie• a rear y:i rd of not 11",s th:in Twc·ntyf11 e ' ;,!;'j ' I f-'< 't'l.
Sectio n 8 .05- H eigh t of Commer c ial Buil d ings :
:<-n h11ildin'..! :-hall h, rc·:,flc·r 1,e c•11·c:ll"d or :ill0rcd to a height cx-
C<'t•dm:; Thi1 l)' f11c· , :l:'i') t-',·c·t.
14
Sect ion 8.06 - Size of Commerc ial Bu il dings :
In C-1 Districts no commercial buildings shall hereafter he creeled
or altered h:l\ing a first floo r area oI lrss tha n Eighl Hu ndred (800)
Square Feel.
Section 8.07- Off-Street Parking Facil ities:
Off-street parking facilities shall he provided :is specified in Section
3.09 of this Ord inanw.
4,RTICLE
IX
Light Industr ia l District
Section 9.01-Uses Pe rm itted:
No building or ~tructure shall be crectrd or altered fo r use on land
or premises in thi5 district in whole or in part for other tha n one or
more of the follwing specified uses:
1. Any use of land or buildings pennitted in Section 8.01 of this
ordinance.
2. Warchou·,cs. ~:,,r.i;Zc huilcJin;;s and yards, lumber and coal yard,
bulk plant~. terminal faciltl1c·s f11r truck and railroad lines, laundry
a11d dry c:lr·,,mng pl:ints. a11d cl.tirie.,.
3. Small mdw,trial shops used and operated for fabricating, assembling, devclopini;: and processing of such a cha.racLCr ::is not to
be or hec·omc olmox1011s er oflensive. by rea.mn of the cm1ssmn of
odors, flamc·s, du:,t, smoke, noise or vibrotion, or by rca on of the
accumul.ation of unsightly waste materials on the premises.
Sect ion 9.02- Uses Proh ibited :
No building or structure shall he errcted or altered for use on land
in this district, i 1, for m:rnufocturing products similar to any of the
follo\\'ing: acids and explosive products; cement, lime and ;:,·psum
products; soap, glue or fertilizer products; or, 121 for prncPss111g,
burning, redueing, or rl'ndcrin;; fa1., c:arha:!c•, off~!. dead an1rn;ils or
indu~\rial w:1st<·. nr. , :~) frir a11y u,c wiii~·h pr1.1rJ11cp, er c-..1,,e<,. r,hnoxiou~ or unheulthf1J! r;drirs , fitme,. dt:,t. .-m,,k(:, .,,,~,,. r,• wh1l'h :;~r:
or nrny be cl:,n~crfl ,.,s. nois1:.,c1n r, 'Jr i::,zordous v: ; lie ~i11Tounclmg
proprrty.
M-1:
Sectio n 9.03- Yard Re q uir em e nt s:
'.':o h11ilrli11'..! nr ~lructurr shall Ii<' i!r1•c1,,,J or al:1:r<'d ,o that it ~hJ!I
ht- !0 1 ·;,t l'rl 1warer lhJn Fllll' r:ifr', J,°('l"l frc,n, th<' n,·an•~t I llthl vf-,•·a v
line of lr,p hi::hway, the side lot lmc:s, nr the rear lnl !in,!,.
Sectio n 9 .0 4-- Building S ize
Re qu ir e men t s:
l\o IJuildin!! or strurt,irc shall he cn·ctcrl or ::ilten:d having a;i
area of Jes~ than Eight Il11ndred , 800 1 Square F<!CL
Sect ion 9.05 - Off-Stre et Pa rking Requ ire ment s:
Off-Stree;t parking far.ilitic ·; shall be provided as spccifll'd in Sr.::cllon
3.09 of this Ordinani:e.
ARTICLE X
Heavy In du str ial Dist ri d
Sect ion 10.01-Use s P~rm itted:
No hu1lclmf.! or stn•clure hall be erected or :,ltNefl for
or µr- •mis,•s in 1hi, d1qrict in whol <.! ,,r tn part for ,,t iler
more uf the· 1nllo·.1111g sr,cc1f1ed ,fa,•s·
l. An, use of land or hutld ini-(s pt•;·mittcd rn :--c-<:lton
Ordinance.
2. Anv use of land or buildings prnnittcd in Section
Ordinance>.
M-2 :
usr on 1:ind
th:in 1 -nc nr
fl 0l d
tlHS
!J.0l of thts
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�3. In adclilion to the ahnve, paper manufacturing, r.hrmil'al plants,
foundrirs, drop for~ings, and other types of heavy industry shall be
pcnnittcd in this district.
ARTICLE XI
F-1: Forestry District
Section 11.01-Uses Permitted:
No building or part thereof l;hall be errrtcrl, altrrrcl. or u~rd, or
land used in whole or in part for other than the following use:
l. Forestry, forest products, or conservation purposes.
Section 11.02-Uses Pemittcd upon Approval of Township Zoning
Board:
All the following uses are permitted upon approval of the Township
Zoning Board:
1. Uses permitted under Section 5.01 of this Ordinance.
2. uses permitted under Section 6.01 of this Ordinance.
3. USC$ permitted under Section 7.01 of this Ordinance.
4. Uses pcIT11iltcd under Section 8.01 of this Ordinance.
Section 11 .03- Prohibited Uses:
All the followim: uses ,irr prohihitcd in this district, unless spcciJirally ;ipprc•-..·c tl by the Z<ming J:oard.
l. Incinerators in plants designed and c.:onlructcd to accomplish
reduction.
2. Commercial slaughflorhousc~s.
:i. Piggerie~ or !JI)'.,! farms opt·rntc•d for the disposal of garb.i:.;e
offal and the liy-produc.:ls of .,laughtl'rhouses.
4. Yard ., lor ~lor.i~c• and •ai1·;1~c' of ,i1111k, wastp matcl'ids, machinery, u~cd lrnilding niatr.rials , or automobiles and trucks.
5. Drive-in Outdoor Thl'atrcs.
6. Public or privat<'ly 011n<·d dumps ;,nd .l or garbage reduction
plants, c.xc:ept such pri1 atC'ly rr.rnecl dump~ ;,s arc not. \'isihlc Crr,rn
the lughw.iy, and u.,r.d by owners or occupants for personal disposal
only.
7. Uses pr.rmilted under Scctirm 9.01 of this Ordinance.
8. Uses permitted under Scctinn 10.01 of this Ordinance.
AP-1:
ARTICLE XII
Airport Hazard Zone
The following regulations shall apply to all areas of Manistee
Township, as herein otherwise zoned
Section 12.01-Airport Hazard Area:
Not withstanrtin~ any other provisions of this Ordinance to the
contrary, no building or structure or appurtenance thereof or tree
shall be erected, altered or used, and no land shall be used so as to
create an airport hazard area, as herein rlrfincd . Whr.nevcr the
maximum height of a building, structurP. of appurtenance thereof or
a tree exceeds the limitations set forth in this article, the limitations
of this article shall apply.
Section 12.02-Areas, Yards and Heights:
la) Arca: No arl'a of land or water, or lioth or of appurtenances
thereof, shall be so used as to constitute an airport hazard.
<b) TI eight:
1. No building, structure. or tree, shall be huilt or so used as to
constitute an airport hazard.
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2. There shall be a 25 ft. ht'ight limit above the centrrline elevation
of the nearest runway end, on the following described property:
S. ½ of S. W. ¼ of Sec. 27
s. ½ or s. ½ of Sec. 28
S. E. 1/.t of S. E. 1/.i of Sec. 29
E. ½ of N. E. ¼ of Sec. 32
N. ½ of Sec. 33
N. W. ¼ of Sec. 34
N. E. ¼ of Sec. 34
S. ½ of S. E. ¼ of Sec. 27
rAmended 5/81621
All in Township of Manistee.
ARTICLE XIII
Administration
Section 13.01-Zoning Administrators:
The provisions of this Ordinance shall be administered by the Zoning Insp0ctor, who shall be appointed by the Township 13oard of
Manistl'c Toll'nship, for .;uch term and subject to such condit10ns at
such rate of compensation as said 13oarct shall determine, anct the
duly of lhc rnforccmcnt thereof shall rc:st with such administrative
official or ofricials as shall be authorized therein by law. The administrat1\'e ofl 1ci;ils blrnll for the purpose of this Ordinance have
the power of police officers.
Section 13.02-Buifding Permits and Certification of Occupancy:
r a) Except as otherwis0 prnvidccl in this Ordinance, il sh.ill he
unlawful to build or use or permit the buildin.~ or lhc use of auy
structure or part thereof 1,C'rr:•ftcr crr·;1trcl, r•rcc!ecl, alLC'rr•d, ,.,. :-r.01 c·tl
upon a premise from a:1ulhcr pre mis(' in\\ hole or in purl , or to ehari-,e
or enlarge the u-.r of any huildin·~. or part thucof, unfil a 7.onin ::
l'crmit, in accorrl~1ntl' I\ ith the pro· isir,ns of this Of'.l:::J:1cc shall
have bcrn is.<il!'i! hy I he Znn in;~ Jn~pec.:tr.r.
rb) A C0rtiricatc o( Occ·,r,ancy sh:ill hr apnli0d fnr coincidc.nt
with the applic:ilfon for a Zoning and or Building Permit.
1c) Before any perm;t shall be i,'.rned undrr this CJrdrn.incc. an
inspection fpc s!Hill he p:i id in an amount d<'terminc:d hy a ~chcdule
as established by the Manistee Township Board .
ARTICLE XIV
Board of Appeals
Section 14.01- Board Established:
There is hcrch:v established a nnard of Appeals, which shall pl•rform its duties anrl exercise its pov:C'rs as provirlP.rl by Act 184 of
P11hlir. Acts o[ 1!l43, as amended, in such way that the ohjectivcs of
this Ordinance shall be rnforccd, the public health and safety secured
and substantial justice done.
Section 14 .02- Personncl of Board:
The P.oard of J\ppr·als ,hall con.,bt of the follnwing three (31
members :
Fi:·st memh1·r sh:ill he the !'h;.irm,111 ,,f 1hr Tnwn~hip Zoning !loan!
Scconrl m(•mh .. r ~ha11 bP ;i member of th" To\\'n~hip Boarrl 1P ·
pointer! by lhr To•,\n-. hip nna nl.
TJ-iird n\r-rnhcr sh:,11 lw ~rlPrte,1 and :,ppoi ntrd hy th,. f1r-.l two 12 1
mcn1lwrs f:·om a1r1nng tht• eir'c 1 flr~ r< ·sirlm!! 1n th1· uninl'"rp11ral<'d
are:i of the To\\'n~hip. The thrrd mPmbcr rannot be an rll'Clt!d officer
of 1hr Tnwnsh1p nor an r1nplo~f'C nf th.it Townsh ip !3<)anL
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�Section 14.03-Jurisdiction and A;:>peafs:
la) The Ilo:,n.l o[ Aporals shall hPar and dt>ricl<' arpcnls from and
rc,vi,·w ::nv ordrr rcq11ir<!m<'nt, rkcisinn or cl<'tcrmination marle by
anv mln,iriistr;iti\';! official rharuPr] \\·ith cnforr·<'m<'nt of any of {hr
provi,in11s r,f th1~ Ordinnnr". Th<•y ~~all als<> l1ear anrJ dPclcle ull
mnttcrs refrrrt•cl to them or 11n.on 11htch th<'y ::ire- rrq111red to pass
under this Orclin:incc. The concurrin•! vote of a m:iioritv of the
mr1,1hcrs of the no:irrl of Appeals sh:ill he nr.rt•s~ary to reverse any
order. rennirrmcnt. decision or <!!'termination. of any s:ich admini~! rath·<' official. or tn rl,,ciclc in fo\'Or of !hi' annl•r;,nt .iny matter nnon
which thrv arp reriuirc•d tn pn~s 111Hll'r this Orclin:inr·e. ~nch ;mpc;il
mav he t;,kcn by any nr•rson ar•r1nc1·rd or hv anv officer, department,
b0~rd r1r b:1rcau of the Town:-hip, County or State.
:b, Snci, anpp;iJ ~hall he tal-c>n within such time as sh;11! be
prcsc-riherl bv Utr Roa rel of An:icals hv. ~c-nera] rule, _bv th,) _f;l!n[!
wilh the nffirer from whom th0 annPal ts tak0n ;; nntt~e snE'e1f,·1n!!
P:,· ....,.onnds thr>rr-of Thr: officer from whom the aone:il is taken shall
fo;-thwith trat,s:r.it to the J;oard all the papers constitutin~ the reC<)t r! uooa ,~hich lhe action ,1ppcalu! 11.:s tal<cn.
t c / · Th-:- lloard of A pp,'als shall Ii_x a rPasonable I irne for th~
, f the c·i11r<;al and n,1 ivc due nol;c0
tliercof
to th
the hparties,
h•··•ri·"
... ,
,1,:-., '
l
•
, ~
·,.,,, ,1m.
nv
rlccide th~ same within :i r"c:::sonab,e time. upon
c f,~ri .. ?, a -.
,,:, :·ty r:.1,,•; ;i, ;p,~;,,; ln perso~ ,,r hy ?.gt•nt vr \;y attorney. 1 h<:_uo:ira
Appcds :nay F·\' (!l':, e or af:;;-m , 1'.'hl•IIY or partly, 0~ may_ ri:oct1fy the
order, requircntc·nt, d!'ci ~i on or determination as 1r. its opm1on ought
to !,c ;,rndc in the prcmi~cs, and to ,hat end ~hall have the po,,·,.r:;
r1f tne ·officer from whom the appeal was ~.,ken. Where there ar~
r,1ac:uc:.l dilf1cl.llt ;es, o~· unncccs;;ary hanlsh1ps rn the way of carry.
int: fl •Jl the strict. ldttr of this 1)rd inan..:r., the lloard of Appeals shall
ha\e the po \'Cr in J>il 3s:ng ur,r>r, appc•als to vary or rr.oJ?fy ?ny of the
orders. rr•gulat ions or provbion s rcla~in~ to t~c _construct 10n, structurai chana_e~ in cq1;ipmer:t, or alteratwn of rb•uldmg or stru~tu.re~ s~
'hat the ~1,1.nt of the ,)r.Jm~ncc: ~J-1.11! be cn,orccd, the public ne .. lln
:,nd sal'cly SP<·11rl'd .'.:!ld sub~ta1itinl ju.,ticc tlonc.
of
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se. Any person, firm, or corporation, or the agent in charge of such
buildings or land who violates, disobeys, omits, neglects or refuses
to comply with, or resists the enforcement of any provision of the
Ordinance, or any amendment thereof, shall be fined upon conviction
not less than One Dollar {$1.00), nor more than One Hundred Dollars
{$100.00), together with the costs of prosecution, or shall be punished
by imprisonment in the County Jail for not less than (1) day or more
than ninety ( 90) days for each offense, or may be fined and imprisoned as provided herein. • Each and every day during which any
illegal erection, construction, reconstruction, alteration, maintenance
or use continue shall be deemed a separate offense. The Township
Board, the Township Building Inspector, the Board of Appeals, the
Attorney of the Township or any owner or owners of real estate
within the district in which such building, structure or land is
situated may institute injunction, mandamus, abatement or any other
appropriate action or actions, proceeding or proceedings to prevent,
enjoin, abate, or remove any said unlawful erection, construction,
alteration, reconstruction, maintenance or use. The rights and remedies provided herein are cumulative and in addition to all other
remedies provided by law.
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SUBMITTED TO Manistee Township Board on December 20, 1956
Approved by Manistee Township Board on December 27, 1956
Signed, Betty Cederholm, Clerk
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Signed: Charles Scboedcl, Supervisor
ARTICLE XV
Amcndrncnt:;, V.:ilidity, .:ind
Penalties
Section : 15.O1 --Amcndmcnts;
Thr '1'1,w,1.>hip Zoning B<Jartl may from time_ to tirr.~ amend, supplement or d!ange lhc regulat ions and hounJaric~ of d1 1;tricts or provisions of thi, Ortlinanc:c in the manner prescribed by Act 184 of
Public /\cl~ of ]I; ichigan for l!l43, us amended.
Section 15.02-Validity:
This Ordinance and the various parts, sections, subsections, phrases and clauses thrrcof arc hereby declared. to be severable. If an_y
part, sentence, p'.1ragr.igh, se~tion! s~b5~ct1on. phrnse or cla~se 1s
adjudged unconst1tut10nal or invalid, it 1s hereby provided that the
remainder of the Ordinance shall not be af_fccted thereby: The_ Townshin Board hereby declart>S that it would have passed this Ordmancc,
and each section. suhsL-<:lion, phrase, sentence, an~ clause th~re<if
irrrspectivc of the fact tlwt any one or mo_re srct10ns, subsections,
phrases, sentences or clauses lie declared mvahc.
Section 15.03-Pena !ties:
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Any huilrl1ng or ~lrucl11rcs which is ,•rt:e·lt•d. l'u nstrurted, recon~trnrtrd. altNcd, con,·<'rted m:,inl;iinc-d or •1~crl. or nny l!Sl' of land
or prcmi~c which is b<•gun, maintained, or changed :n 1·iolnlion of any
prov is ion of this Ordinance, arc hereby declared to be a nuisance per
lfi
AN ORDINANCE RELATIVE TO THE REMOVAL OF UNSIGHTLY,
UNSANITARY AND DANGEROUS BUILDINGS, TO THE REMOVAL
OF UNSANIARY, UNSIGHTLY AND DANGEROUS CONDITIONS,
AND PROVIDING FOR SPECIAL ASSESSMENTS FOR WORK DONE
BY THE TOWNSHIP.
THE TOWNSHIP OF MANISTEE ORDAINS:
Section 1. It shall be the duty of the Township Board of Manistei!
Township, Manistee County, Michigan, to determine by resolution
whenever any condition exists upon any premises. lots or parcels of
land within the Township limits that is unsightly, unsanitary or
dangerous and constituting a menace to the health and safety of any
citizens, or of any adjoining property.
~c:tion 2. It shall he the duty of the Township Board of Manistee
Township, Manistee County, Michigan, to determine by resolution
whenever any conrlil ion exists upon prcmis1-s, lols or parrl'ls of lnnd
in the Town ship wh.crc a fire may h11\'e ocr1irc•d that has n•sulted in a
complete or pni-tial destruction of <1n~· buildings upon said prcmiS<',,
lots or pa.reels of land that an unsightly, unsanitary or dangerous
condition results or remains .
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�Section 3. Such resolution shall state the lot or lots or parcel.1
upon which such condition exists, the name of the owner or owners,
iI known, and shall direct said owner or owners to correct and remedy
such condition, to remove any buildings, wreckage or condition that
tends to create !lny unsightly, unsanitary or dangerous condition.
A copy of such resolution shall be served upon the owner or owners
of said lot or lots by any constable of the Township of Manistee, or
said re sol ulion shall be publishe<l in some newspaper, circulated
within srrid Township, in at least one issue thereof. Said resolution
shall al so state the date upon which such buildings, wreckge or conditions which constitute the unsightly, unsanitary or dangeroUs condition, shall be removed, which said day shall not be less than ten (10)
days or more than sixty (60 ) days after service, or publication of said
resol ution as shall be in the discretion of the Township Board of
Mani.;te<! Township, Manistee County, Michigan.
Section 4. If, after service of said resolution or the publication
thereof. and after the times stated in said resolution for the removal
of the unsi!ihtly, uns:rnitary or dangerous conditions has eiapsed, the
owner or owners of said lots shall fail, refuse or neglect to remove or
rcrnedy said conditions. it :,hall become the duty of the Township
Boa:-d of !rlanistc-.c Town;;hip l,y resolution. to order any officer or
employ~ of said Tow 11ship to enter upon said premises and remove
or renlC'dy ,uch un.,ightly, un~anitary or dangerous conditions, as
may exist. Said Township Board shall also have the authority, in
it1, <tiscrction. to order or employ any private persons to enter upon
said prcmis<'s and p('rform such work as is necessary to correct
and remedy such conditions.
Section 5. After completion of <;uch work necessary to the removal
or remcdv of 1,aid unsi ghf.ly. unsanitary or dangerous condition~. the
cost and ·expense thereof. shall be reported by the Township Clerk
to the Township Board of ManL,;tee Township, and it shall, thereupon,
hv r<'SOluticn, declare the same to be and become special assessment
;ind lien upon such lot or lots in the manner provided by law for
SJ*-Cial M sc~sments. Said Special Assessment shall be reported to
the Supervisor and shall be pl:Jced upon the tax rolls of said
Township and collccte<I in the manner provided by law.
Ordinance bcing necessary for the safety and
general welfare of the rPSiclenl<; of the Township of Manistee. is
hereby ordered to take effect irnmediatly upon publication thereof
as provided b~• law.
Section ti _ This
Section 7. All Ordinance~ or parts of Ordinances inconsistent
herewith arc horeby repeak-d.
Approved:
October 29, 19C2
CHARLES SCHOEDEL
Supervisor
HELEN OLSEN
Clerk
MANISTEE TOWNSHIP DISMANTLED CAR ORDINANCE
.i
An Ordinance to secure the public peace. health, safety, and
welfare of the resident<; and property owners of the Township of
Manistee . Manistee (',.ounty, ~1ichigan. by regulation of the outdoor
parking and storage of motor vc-hicles, tractor trailcn., house trailers,
20
and new or used parts or jnnk therefrom, within the Township of
Manistee: to provide penalties for the violation of this Ordinance
and to repeal any Ordinances or parts of Ordinances in conflict
herewith.
THE TOWNSHIP OF MANISTEE, MANISTEE COUNTY, MICHIGAN,
ORDAINS;
SECTION 1.
NAME
This Ordinance shall be known and cited as the Manistee Township
Dismantle<l Car Ordinance.
SECTION 2.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this Ordinance is to limit and restrict the outdoor
storage, parking, or unreasonable accumulation of junk, unused,
partially dismantled or non-operating vehicles such as cars, trucks,
house trailers, or tractor trailers, etc ., or new or used parts thereof
in a zoned area within the Township; to thereby avoid injury and
hazards to children and others attracted to such vehicles or trailers;
the devaluation of property values and the psychological ill effect
of the presence of su~h vehicles or trailers upon adjoining residents
and property owners.
SECTION 3.
REGULATIONS
(a) No person, firm, or corporation shall park, store, or place
upon any public right-of-way or public property, or upon a zoned
area within the Township, any vehicle, such as cars, trucks, house
trailer, or tractor trailer; or new or used parts or junk therefrom,
unless the samP. is wholly contained within a fully enclosed building
and does not violate any zoning or building Jaws of the Township ,
County, or State of Michigan. except for the following :
( 1)
Duly licensed and operable vehicles or trailers with substantially all main component parts attached.
12\
Not more than one vehicle or traitor that .is temporarily
inoperable, because of minor mechanical failure, but which is not,
in any manner dismantled and has substantially all main component
parts attached. or not more than one I 1 i vehicle in fully operating
condition such as a stock car or modified car that has been re-designed
or rcconstnictt'<l for a purpose other than th.at for which it was
manufar:turcd . provirled no building or garage is locate<l upon the
premises in which the same could be parked or stored. In no event
shall such vehicle he parkrrl in the front or side street yard area
of any such residential premises.
I b J No repairing, re-designing. modifying or dismantling work
or operation~ shall be allowed upon any vehicle or trailer or parts
thereof upon any public right-of-way or public property or any
property primal'ily 11sed or 1.onc-d for any tvpe of residential purpose
for a period in excess of 24 hours exc,•pt such a, shall be accomplishixl
within fully enclosed buildings: will not constitute a nuisance or
annovance to adjoining property owners or occupants: and does not
violate any provis;ons of the Manistee Towmh.ip Zoning Ordinance.
Any such work within ~11ch 24 ho11r period heretofore a 11owe<l shall
not. hownrr. consist of any rna;or repair , re-d~igning, modifying
or dism11n11ing work . bt:t only such occasional minor work as m :w
infrequently he required to in:iintain a vehicle or trailer or parts
thereof in normal operating condition .
21
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�\CJ ln the event the forci;oin1~ regulations c1eate any special or
peculi.1r harJsh.ip beyond the contrC\l of a particular vi?lator thereof
because of unfor!.<'cn circumsl..ancrs, the Zoning lnsJ><'Clor of the
Township is hereby given the authority Lo grant permission to an
applicant to operate contrary Lo the provisions hereof for a limited
period providc<i no adjoining properly owner or occupant is unreasonably adverse!} affected thereby and the spirit and pul"J)ose of the
Orriinance arc still substantially observed.
SECTION 4. NUISANCE
Any parking, storage, placement, or operation in violation of the
provisio!l.!, of this Ordinance are hereby declared to be a public
nuisance which may be enjoine<i or which may subject the violator
to civil damages and the fines and penalties herein provide<! for.
SECTION 5. CONSTRUCTION
This Ordinance shall not prevent the operation of any licensed
junk yard, salvage yard, garage, body, or paint shop legally operating
wilhin a proper zone as defined in the Manistee Township Zoning
Ordinance, and shall be in addition to any other laws or Ordinances
respe<:ting rubbish, refuse, litter, trash, or junk control and regulations.
SECTION 6.
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SAVING CLAUSE
The pro"isions of this Ordinance are hereby declare<! to be severable ,rnd if any clause, sentence, word, section or provision is dcclare<i
-,.oid or unenforceable for any reason by any court of competent
jurisdiction, it shall not affect any portion of the Ordinance other
than said part or pcrtion thereof.
SECTION 7.
PENAL TY
Any person, firm, or corporation who violates any of the provisions .of this Ordinance shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor
and shall be punished by a fine of not more than $100.00 or by imprisonment :n the County jail for not to excC<!d !)0 days, or both such
trnc and imprisonmrnt. F..ich day that a violation continues to exist
shall con~titutc a separate offcMe.
In adrJiti<m tC\ the imposition of the foregoing fines and penalties,
the Township Zoning In~ct0r, any Township police officer, or such
other officer as the Township Uoard may deshinate, may cause any
vehicle, trailer, or parts tht'T<.!of, which violates the provisions of
1his Ordinance to be removed from the premises, impounded and
destroye<i or sold for junk. in the discretion of said officer, and the
cost thereof assessed against the owner of such vehicle, trailer, or
parts thercof. or of the premi,<;es on which the same are located.
Any sums realized on the sale of the same may be retained by the
Township to reimburse it for the costs incurre<i in such removal and
sale, to the extent of such costs. Any balance of such sums remaining after such reimbursement shall be returned to the owner of
such vehicle, trailer, or parts thereof.
SECTION 8.
EFFECTIVE DATE
.This Ordinance shall take effect on March 30, 1966. All Ordinances or parL~ of Ordinances in conflict with any of the provisions of this Ordinance are hereby repealed.
HELEN OLSEN
TOWNSHIP CLERK
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Wyckoff Planning and Zoning Collection
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Planning & Zoning Center (Lansing, Mich.) (Organization)
Wyckoff, Mark A.
Description
An account of the resource
Municipal master plans and zoning ordinances from across the state of Michigan, spanning from the 1960s to the early 2020s. The bulk of the collection was compiled by urban planner Mark Wyckoff over the course of his career as the founder and principal planner of the Planning and Zoning Center in Lansing, Michigan. Some additions have been made to the collection by municipalities since it was transferred to Grand Valley State University.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Michigan
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1960/2023
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/870">Planning and Zoning Center Collection (RHC-240)</a>
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">No Copyright - United States</a>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Michigan
Comprehensive plan publications
Master plan reports
Zoning--Michigan
Zoning--Maps
Maps
Land use--planning
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RHC-240
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Manistee-Twp_Permanent-Zoning-Ordinance_1962
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1962-10-29
Title
A name given to the resource
Permanent Zoning Ordinance
Description
An account of the resource
The Manistee Township Permanent Zoning Ordinance lists October 29, 1962 as its latest approval date.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Zoning--Michigan
Manistee Township (Mich.)
Manistee County (Mich.)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/870">Planning and Zoning Center Collection (RHC-240)</a>
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">No Copyright - United States</a>
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0f8ed5b5e9a81c16fc01dceb438eb6cb.mp3
bfacc616d2cb89f3e1a6c4e33634843a
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Richard A. Rhem Collection
Description
An account of the resource
Text and sound recordings of the sermons, prayers, services, and articles of Richard Rhem, pastor emeritus of Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, Michigan, where he served for 37 years. Starting in the mid 1980's, Rhem began to question some of the traditional Christian dogma that he had been espousing from the pulpit. That questioning was a first step in a long and interesting spiritual journey, one that he openly shared with his congregation. His journey is important, in part because it is reflective of the questioning, the yearnings, and the gradual revision of beliefs that many persons in this part of the century have experienced and continue to experience. It is important also because of the affirming and inclusive way his questioning was done and his thinking evolved. His sermons and other written and spoken materials together document the steps in his journey as it took a turn in 1985, yet continued to revolve around the framework and liturgies of the Christian calendar.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Clergy--Michigan
Reformed Church in America
Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.)
Religion
Interfaith worship
Sermons
Sound Recordings
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rhem, Richard A.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/514">Richard A. Rhem papers (KII-01)</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Kaufman Interfaith Institute
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Sound
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KII-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1981-2014
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
audio/mp3
text/pdf
Sound
A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds.
Event
Pentecost VII
Series
Trust in God
Scripture Text
Psalm 103:14
Location
The location of the interview
Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KII-01_RA-0-19900722
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1990-07-22
Title
A name given to the resource
Permission to be Human
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Richard A. Rhem
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Clergy--Michigan
Reformed Church in America
Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.)
Sermons
Relation
A related resource
Richard A. Rhem - An Archive of Sermons, Prayers, Talks and Stories: http://richardrhem.org/
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Sound
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
audio/mp3
Description
An account of the resource
A sermon given by Richard A. Rhem (Dick) on July 22, 1990 entitled "Permission to be Human", as part of the series "Trust in God", on the occasion of Pentecost VII, at Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI. Scripture references: Psalm 103:14.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/3950c12c265164f291dc9665b5e7fc00.mp4
0fa15556a009223fb71ee38b219e3362
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/f5bc560401d038498e43d4ce00ab195b.pdf
1433b288ec4264e3ab9d4103bc4be27a
PDF Text
Text
Grand Valley State University
Veterans History Project Interview
Name of Interviewee: Robert Perrin
Name of War: World War II
Length of Interview: (00:38:26)
(00:20) Background Information
•
Robert was born on September 11, 1923 in Grand Rapids, Michigan
•
He grew up in Grand Rapids and his father worked on refinishing autos
•
Robert did not do well in school and dropped out when he was 16 to work in tool and dye
•
Robert was drafted into the Army a few years after he was done with school and
classified as “semi-skilled”
(5:55) The Army 1943
•
Robert took a train to Camp McCoy in Wisconsin for basic training
•
The camp was in the middle of the woods and there were tons of pine trees
•
There were permanent barracks and they had to march all the time in the freezing
weather; it was terrible
•
The men got up every day at 5:30 am and started with calisthenics, and then a 2.5 mile
hike
(11:30) Camp Ellis, Illinois
•
After basic training Robert was sent to Camp Ellis in the Spring of 1943 and began
working with the Military Police
•
He worked on guard duty and helped with the flooding of the Illinois River
•
During the flood he guarded the gas station, which was a terminal point for a radio car
and they also spent time checking the levies flood breaks
(13:10) Military Police
•
Robert had been sent to Fort Custer to work with the Military Police and be an escort
guard
•
They picked up POWs at a point on the East Coast and brought them to the prison camps
around the country
•
They never had any incidents with the POWs and they actually got along well with the
Germans, even though they did not speak any English
�•
Robert eventually volunteered to work in the infantry because he did not like working in
the Military Police
(16:10) Air Force
•
Robert was then sent to Camp Gruber in Oklahoma where he became part of the 42nd
Rainbow Division
•
This training was much more difficult, but he was eventually transferred out of the Air
Force and working in the Military Police again
•
Robert was sent to Arkansas for training and then to Marshall Field in Louisiana
•
The barracks in Louisiana were new and very large; it was like paradise
•
Robert was once again transferred to an Air Force base in Colorado where he became an
instructor teaching men how to repair radios during their training in the Military Police
•
Robert was discharged on November 26, 1945
(22:40) End of Service
•
Robert took a train to Chicago and then another to Michigan; it was a very long ride with
many stops on the way
•
He arrived home on Thanksgiving Day
•
Robert had gotten married in 1943 and his wife had traveled with him a bit while he was
in the service
•
He began working again in tool and dye
(28:45) Grand Rapids Home for Veterans
•
Robert was separated from his wife in 1950 and later remarried
•
They thought Michigan was too cold and moved to Florida
•
Robert lived with his wife in Florida for about 20 years, but then his wife began suffering
from Alzheimer’s
•
His children came from Michigan to help him pack and move and Robert and his wife
both began living in the Grand Rapids Home for Veterans
•
His wife recently passed away and they had been married for 55 years
•
Robert has 16 grandchildren and enjoys where he is staying, but sometimes thinks it feels
like a barracks
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Veterans History Project
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Grand Valley State University. History Department
Description
An account of the resource
The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1914-
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American
Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American
Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American
Michigan--History, Military
Oral history
Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American
United States--History, Military
United States. Air Force
United States. Army
United States. Navy
Veterans
Video recordings
Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American
World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Smither, James
Boring, Frank
Relation
A related resource
Veterans History Project (U.S.)
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RHC-27
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a>
Oral History
A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
PerrinR
Title
A name given to the resource
Perrin, Robert B. (Interview outline and video), 2008
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Perrin, Robert B.
Description
An account of the resource
Robert Perrin was born on September 11, 1923 in Grand Rapids, Michigan and drafted into the Army in 1943. He went to Camp McCoy in Wisconsin for basic training, which he thought was terrible. Robert then began training for the Military Police and was later stationed in Louisiana to help with flooding. Robert was transferred into the Army Air Force and then became part of the 42nd Rainbow Division. Near the end of his service Robert was instructing the Military Police how to repair radios in Colorado. Robert was discharged on November 26, 1945 and moved back to Michigan.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Collins Sr., Charles E. (Interviewer)
Collins, Carol (Interviewer)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Oral history
Veterans History Project (U.S.)
United States--History, Military
Michigan--History, Military
Veterans
Video recordings
World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American
United States. Army
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Moving Image
Text
Relation
A related resource
Veterans History Project (U.S.)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2008-11-24
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
video/mp4
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/1997ddf7e61d99fc9a9a23d0acfa53a7.mp4
3411ec93095041b84dd89ea5ef3fc624
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/2ba07efbeca202b562133c4726d3a0b9.pdf
cf5a2499255ea60745588c3df58f5b9f
PDF Text
Text
Grand Valley State University
Veterans History Project Interview
Lyle Perschke
(1:21:23)
(00:15) Background Information
•
•
•
•
Lyle was born in Wisconsin in 1922
His father worked for the American Seating Company and was transferred to Grand
Rapids in 1925
He graduated from Union High School and had been a captain in the ROTC and a drum
major in band
After graduation Lyle worked for the American Seating Company
(1:20) Navy Enlistment
•
•
•
•
•
Lyle did not want to join the Army because of the similar training he experienced in the
ROTC
Lyle went to Great Lakes boot camp in Chicago
The men got their physicals and were then assigned to a battalion
Everyone was in a much better condition after boot camp
They then reported to San Francisco where he became bugler in the Navy because he had
played the trumpet in high school
(6:20) Pacific Islands
•
Lyle traveled to many different islands in the Pacific on USS Honolulu
•
He was only twenty years and everything was very new to him and interesting
•
Their ship was being attacked by torpedoes
•
They sunk a cruiser, several airplanes, and Lyle and other men received many battle stars
•
Their ship had been attacked by torpedoes and flooded with water
(10:05) Battle on the Ship
•
The captain was very calm and cool
•
The Japanese started attacking from ten miles away
•
It was a scary experience and they had to go back to the port afterwards to reload and
repair the ship
(18:01) California
�•
While in California Lyle got punched in the face at a bar; he lost four teeth and could no
longer serve as the bugler
•
He then became third class quartermaster
•
He took care of the ship log while they were traveling and worked with navigation charts
•
Eventually he made second class quartermaster
(23:00) Home for Christmas
•
After being transferred Lyle was able to take some time off to visit his family
•
Lyle had a lot of fun when he came home to visit
•
His parents helped him pay to get his four teeth replaced
•
Then they took the USS Colbert to Oregon and then Seattle
(26:35) Storms on the Ship
•
Lyle spent a lot of time on the upper part of the ship because he could keep from getting
sick up there
•
There was less action on the bottom of the ship, but at the top you can see everything that
is going on down below
(27:00) The USS Colbert
•
On this ship they brought back Japanese prisoners to the US and Okinawa
(28:40) Manchuria
•
On the way to Manchuria they hit 4-5 floating mines
•
They stopped at Korea to look at the ship damage
•
When they got to Manchuria they picked up POWs from the prison camps
•
There were some Russians there that had taken over some near town and they were
heavily armed
•
The war was over, but there were floating mines everywhere that you could spot on the
radar
•
The ship hit a mine and it blew up their whole engine room
(35:50) The Train Ride Home
•
Everyone on the ride was very happy, drinking, and playing instruments
•
Lyle was discharged on December 16th, 1945
�•
Lyle then went back to working for the American Seeding Company
•
He got married and had a son
•
Lyle retired after working for 47 years
•
He enjoys driving antique trucks in parades and restoring old cars
(39:40) Prisoners in Manchuria
•
They prisoners were on the death march
•
The prisoners had been stabbed by Japanese commanders and they were fed horrible food
•
The caught escapees were shot in front of all the other prisoners
•
The Japanese treated US prisoners very poorly
•
Lyle never actually traveled to Japan, just many nearby islands
•
They sailed through the Sea of Japan
(43:45) The Atomic Bombs
•
Lyle could not believe it when the bombs were dropped
•
He kept many newspaper clippings from the war
•
He always had thought that he would be sent to Japan for an invasion
•
They thought it would be terrible and with many losses
(46:15) The Effect of the War
•
He became very jumpy and nervous after the war experience
•
He got better after a year, but began drinking too much until his wife made him stop
•
Lyle eventually adjusted to civilian life
•
The service required him to grow up in a big hurry; he had been very immature
•
Lyle believes that every boy and girl should spend a year or two in the service after
graduation
(50:02) The Navy
•
ROTC training was similar to that of the Army
•
Lyle did not want to tramp through mud and forests and would rather die at sea if it was
to happen during his time in the service
�
•
Lyle had more experience than all the other new men in training
•
When Lyle first enlisted he only weighed 112 pounds
��Photo
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's lIonolulu lind
rway with temporary fal c bow. August 1943
��Photo # 80- J-_5944
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Veterans History Project
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Grand Valley State University. History Department
Description
An account of the resource
The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1914-
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American
Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American
Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American
Michigan--History, Military
Oral history
Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American
United States--History, Military
United States. Air Force
United States. Army
United States. Navy
Veterans
Video recordings
Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American
World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Smither, James
Boring, Frank
Relation
A related resource
Veterans History Project (U.S.)
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RHC-27
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a>
Oral History
A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
PerschkeL
Title
A name given to the resource
Perschke, Lyle (Interview outline, video, and papers), 2007
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Perschke, Lyle
Description
An account of the resource
Lyle Perschke was born in Wisconsin in 1922 and moved to Grand Rapids, Michigan in 1925 when his father's job was transferred. Lyle played the trumpet and drums in high school and so he became a bugler when he joined the Navy. During a fight he got his four front teeth knocked out and was no longer to serve in the position of bugler. He became second class quartermaster on his ship. Lyle traveled to many different islands throughout the Pacific, as well as Korea and Manchuria, serving first on the USS Honolulu and later on the USS Colbert. Lyle has many experiences where his ship was attacked by Japanese kamikazes and also problems with running into floating mines in the ocean. Photographs of the USS Honolulu and a clipping are appended to this interview outline.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Smither, James (Interviewer)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Oral history
Veterans History Project (U.S.)
Michigan--History, Military
Veterans
United States. Navy
World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American
Video recordings
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Moving Image
Text
Relation
A related resource
Veterans History Project (U.S.)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2007-10-11
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
video/mp4
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/939dec2fb99869eada4272b6183cc2be.pdf
6525dbd4d84f5672e15e83a329ae20ec
PDF Text
Text
Grand Valley State University
Veterans' History Project
Frank Persico
World War II
46 minutes 16 seconds
(00:00:24) Early Life
-Born and raised in Roxbury, Boston, Massachusetts
-Full, legal name is Innocent Frank Persico
-Called Innocent until high school
-Went by Frank from then on
-Had three brothers and one sister
-Parents were Italian immigrants
-Went to public schools growing up
-He was the only child in the family, besides his sister, to get a college education
-Dreamed of becoming a baseball player when he grew up
-Played baseball in high school and was the captain of the team
-Tried out for the Boston Braves, but got rejected
-Played as the catcher
-Attended Hyde Park High School
-It was a cooperative-industrial high school that prepared students for trade work
-For one week he went to regular classes and one week he did shop work
-Did electrical work for a Milwaukee based company that had a shop in
Hyde Park
-When he graduated he already had a job
-Graduated from high school and worked for a year before joining the military
(00:05:03) Start of the War & Getting Drafted
-Attempted to enlist in the Marines
-Rejected due to eyesight
-Out of high school when Pearl Harbor happened
-At the movies on December 7, 1941
-Came out of the theatre and saw the news boys selling papers about the
attack
-The draft was in effect for men twenty years old, or older
-Draft had been in effect since 1940
-All the young men felt the need to serve their country
-Got a draftee number when he registered for the draft
-Learned that volunteers were treated with more respect
-He had tried to enlist, but was drafted into the Army anyway
-The draft board needed to fill their quotas which led to his getting drafted
(00:09:02) Basic Training
-Excited for basic training
-He had only been sixty miles from home before basic training
-Went to Fort Devens, Massachusetts for processing and induction
-Transported there by cattle car
�-Got to the base at 2AM
-Assigned to a bunk and only got two hours of sleep
-Woke up to a drill sergeant blowing a whistle and picking recruits for kitchen
patrol
-Learned to be obedient and listen to orders
-Issued uniforms by soldiers that had been there for only two days
-Got poorly fitting uniforms
-Officer made sure you got the right size shoes though
-Enjoyed basic training
-Young and full of energy
-Took basic training in Florida
-Went on marches and learned to take orders
-Did field training
-Shooting rifles
-Crawled under barbed wire and they set off fake gas
-Taught you to react fast and take combat seriously
(00:15:26) Mechanic Training
-Took three tests at the end of basic training
-Army was trying to figure out what your skills were
-He scored highest as a mechanic
-Sent to Lincoln, Nebraska for Aircraft Mechanic School
-Most likely Lincoln Army Airfield
-Did field training in the woods
-Army Air Force put an old plane in the woods
-Lived in tents and had to work on the plane with minimal resources
-His tent was placed in poison oak
-Woke up covered in hives
-Learned all about aircraft
-He excelled in engines and got sent to Chanute Air Field, Illinois for Engine School
-Broke down and repaired engines
(00:18:07) Assignment to 461st Bombardment Group
-Sent to Salt Lake City, Utah
-Stayed there for five days
-Got assigned to the 461st Bombardment Group
-Sent to Wendover Field, Utah
-In the middle of the salt flats
-Met the noncommissioned officers (corporals and sergeants) he would work with
-Moved to Hammer Field in Fresno, California
-Got assigned to a squadron, a ground crew, and a bomber
-Learned how to work on bombers as a crew
-Four mechanics to a bomber
-Fourteen planes in the squadron
-Made sure that the bombers were ready to go on missions
-His job was to inspect the bomber and make sure it was fit for flight
-Spent most of his time as an inspector
(00:23:52) Deployment to the European Theatre
�-Waiting for orders to go overseas
-Bomber crews needed to have enough training before deploying
-Bombers flew over to Europe in February 1944
-Ground crews went across the country and boarded a Liberty Ship in Newport News,
Virginia
-Sailed across with a convoy
-It took thirty four days to reach Italy
-He didn't get seasick
-Advised to lie down in your bunk, eat crackers, and drink tea
-He listened to the advice and didn't get seasick
-The men that didn't listen got violently ill
-Had to use hoses to wash away the vomit
-If the weather was good he went up on deck
(00:28:02 ) Stationed in Italy
-Saw a few Italian laborers working around the airfield
-Employed the civilians so they could have some money
-They cleaned and helped at the mess hall
-Once they got established they were able to go into town
-Met the Italians, visited shops, and saw what life was like for the Italians
-Went to the wineries and got jugs of wine
-Remembers planes crashing upon landing
-Had an accident where one man was working on a hydraulic system
-The line broke and the battery ignited the fluid starting a massive fire
-Five planes were destroyed
-Watched the planes explode from a ditch
-Saw an engine fly through the air
-No one got hurt, so it all felt like a movie
-Salvaged parts if they could
-Got very little information about the war's progress
-Only news came from the Stars & Stripes
-Knew nothing about the war in the Pacific Theatre
-Had two brothers serving in the Pacific
-Knew that their bombers were flying missions to Romania
-Bombing the oil fields to deprive the Germans of fuel
-At the end of the war the Germans had no gas and a paralyzed military
-Able to bomb planes that were stuck on the ground
-English bombers flew missions alongside American bombers
(00:33:29) End of the War, End of Service, & Coming Home Pt. 1
-Remaining German forces in Italy surrendered on May 5, 1945
-On May 8, 1945 the remaining German forces surrendered
-On May 7, 1945 he was moved south to Torretto Airfield
-Assigned to a bomber crew returning to the United States
-Boarded their bomber and flew out of Italy
-An engine went out and they were forced to land in Sicily
-Waited seven days for a new engine
-From Sicily flew to Marrakech, Morocco then to Senegal then to Ascension Island
�-From Ascension Island to Natal, Brazil then up to Hunter Field, Georgia
-Got a leave then reported to Drew Field, Florida
-Preparing to move to the Pacific Theatre for the invasion of Japan
-On August 6, 1945 the atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima
-On August 15, 1945 Japan surrendered
-Units started to break down and men started going home
(00:36:45) Contact with Home during the War
-He wasn't homesick during the war
-Used V-Mail (Victory Mail) to communicate with home
-Form of mail that relied on microfilm for quick and easy transport
-Wrote to his parents and a friend in the Navy
-Didn't write much though
-Some men wrote a lot
-Especially the married men
-He wrote to his brothers fighting in the Pacific Theatre
(00:37:43) End of the War, End of Service, & Coming Home Pt. 2
-Wasn't worried about going to Japan
-Just didn't want to do it
-Learned later about how bad the invasion could've been
-After the war ended he went to Mass and thanked God for getting him through the war
alive
-Had to wait a week to hear when he was going home
-Didn't do anything but sleep, eat, and sit in his bunk waiting to go home
-Reported to the supply room and got a new uniform when it was time to go home
-Allowed to sign up for benefits through the Red Cross if you were injured during the war
-Given $25, a final paycheck, and told to get off the base
-Had to wait until the next morning for a train back to Boston
-Tried to sleep in an empty barracks on base
-Got kicked out because he was now a civilian
-Got a hotel room for the night
-Took a train back to Boston
-Got off at the station and called home to tell his parents he was coming home
(00:43:00) Life after the War
-Went back to his old job
-Government made sure that servicemen had their old job waiting for them
-Worked as a machinist
-Worked their for three weeks and decided he wanted to get out
-Went to work for the Metropolitan District Commission
-Started going to college at night
-Worked his way up to being an engineer over fifteen years
-Got his certificate as a registered professional engineer
-Did architectural work and retired from that
-Never hated a day of work
(00:45:21) Reflections on Service
-Doesn't feel that being in the service had much of an impact on his life
-Feels that it was just another part of his life
�-Does believe that it helped to be more considerate and wordly
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Veterans History Project
Creator
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Grand Valley State University. History Department
Description
An account of the resource
The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs.
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1914-
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
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Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American
Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American
Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American
Michigan--History, Military
Oral history
Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American
United States--History, Military
United States. Air Force
United States. Army
United States. Navy
Veterans
Video recordings
Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American
World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives
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Smither, James
Boring, Frank
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Veterans History Project (U.S.)
Identifier
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RHC-27
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eng
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a>
Oral History
A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge.
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RHC-27_PersicoI1799V
Title
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Persico, Innocent Frank (Interview outline), 2005
Date
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2005-10-22
Description
An account of the resource
Frank Persico was born and raised in Boston, Massachusetts. He graduated from high school and then Japan bombed Pearl Harbor. He registered for the draft and eventually got drafted and assigned to the Army Air Corps. He was processed at Fort Devens, Massachusetts then received basic training in Florida. He went to Lincoln Army Air Field, Nebraska for Aircraft Mechanic School then to Chanute Army Air Field, Illinois for Engine School. He was assigned to the 461st Bombardment Group in Salt Lake City, Utah and joined the unit at Wendover Field, Utah. He trained with them at Hammer Field, California and deployed to the European Theatre in February 1944. He was stationed in Italy for the duration of the war, and on May 7, 1945 he returned to the United States. He was stationed at Drew Field, Florida until Japan surrendered in August 1945. He was discharged after the war and returned to Boston.
Creator
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Persico, Innocent Frank
Contributor
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Staples, Jessica (Interviewer)
Subject
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World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American
United States. Army Air ForcesOral history
Veterans History Project (U.S.)
United States--History, Military
Veterans
Video recordings
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Text
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project collection, (RHC-27)</a>
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a>
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Veterans History Project (U.S.)
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Grand Valley State University Libraries. Allendale, Michigan
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application/pdf
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https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/de4e5a12a4d85f8d06c4418d51ff81c1.m4v
fb6764be4621326a3ee90d2d631f827d
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b274c5ada15387279b9473df22d31010.pdf
b861331bd0f221859ee88dd5fcbcab1e
PDF Text
Text
ORAL HISTORY INTERVIEW
JAMES C. PERSO
Born: Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Resides:
Interviewed by: Richard Massa, GVSU Veterans History Project
Transcribed by: Joan Raymer, March 1, 2014
Interviewer: Today is December 3rd, 2009 and we are at Lake Michigan College in
Benton Harbor, Michigan. Our interviewee in Jim Perso, and Jim was born in
Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Our camera operator today is Hank Richmond, and the
interviewer is Richard Massa. We are performing this interview as part of the
Veterans History Project, being conducted by Grand Valley State University in
Allendale, Michigan.
Jim, can you tell us a little of your early background, where born and grew up.
I was born in Milwaukee and we moved to Minneapolis on my sisters second birthday, so
I‟ll tell you precisely, it was August 2nd, 1945. My first vivid recollection of Minneapolis
was riding with my dad in downtown and everybody was blowing their horns. I said,
“Daddy, why are people blowing their horns?” He says, “The war is over”, and I said,
“Well, blow your horn”. 1:04 Tap, and I said, “Blow it hard”, and he said, “I don‟t
think my battery has enough juice in it”. I didn‟t know about--recapping a tire was a big
deal and nobody had two batteries, you know. We never replaced a battery during the
war. Later on somebody had arranged for my dad and I to ride in the cab of a diesel
locomotive from St. Paul to Minneapolis and the engineer said to me, “Pull the horn”,
and I said, “Does your battery have enough juice in it?” He gave me this funny look and
my dad explained it and they laughed hysterically for about seven intersections between
1
�St. Paul and Minneapolis. My next door neighbor came back from the 2nd WW and he
became a regimental commander 409th Infantry Regiment, 130th [103rd?] Infantry
Division, part of the Minnesota reserve. 2:06
His name was Earl Nelson, Colonel,
Infantry, United States Army Reserve, and he wore a Combat Infantrymen‟s Badge,
Silver Star, Bronze Star, and he was one of the adults that was a role model for me
growing up. We played war games around, the kids played war games and I set up this
ambush this one time, and I knew that I was right, and I got a lot of argument from the
folks that I thought I‟d killed, so I went to the Colonel as a referee and I told him what I
did, and he said, “Know, you were right”. He invited me to read his library and he let me
read an abbreviated version of Vom Krieg. 3:00
Colonel Von Clausewitz wrote Vom
Krieg, but then he wrote an abbreviated version for the Crown Prince of Russia.
Hermann Goering was so impressed with that little book that he had every Luftwaffe
officer read it. The preface of this was really interesting, because it‟s got Hermann
Goering writing in there. This was a translation, but I did read it, and I enjoyed it.
Interviewer: How old were you when you already had this interest in military
activities?
I guess I reading Clausewitz when I was ten, or twelve. I knew lots of folks that were
veterans of the 2nd WW and I thought they were patriots and were being emulated and I
was always interested in the military.
Interviewer: Were there any close family member who had been in the military?
4:00
No—well, my dad had a deferment in the 2nd WW, so he did not serve in the 2nd WW. I
had one uncle that was in Europe and I think he was the only one who served in active
2
�duty in the 2nd WW. But, there was another neighbor across the street and he had two
interesting scars on his shoulder from a MG-42 that he picked up in Germany. He was an
infantry officer, I think, or artillery, but he was forward and zipped while he was sitting
in a Jeep, when he picked up two rounds. Which—I looked at that and thought it was a
very interesting scar. There were a lot of people I knew that were officers, and I was
really interest. My parents would never have picked a career in the military for me. 5:02
that‟s what I wanted to do and Colonel Nelson said, “Well, go in the Navy. They always
have food to eat and a place to sleep”, and somehow that sort of appealed to me and so, I
did end up going in the navy in sort of a roundabout way. I wanted to get an appointment
to the Naval Academy, but my father, being a good Republican--Hubert Humphrey got
me a third alternate in the primary. I took it, but I didn‟t get there, but he wanted to get
me into the Merchant Marine Academy and I wanted no part of that, but I did—my high
school advisor, or councilor, got me an interview with the navy ROTC program. Colonel
Nelson wrote me a letter of recommendation and so on, and I got an appointment to the
navy ROTC regular program, which would get you a regular commission. 6:06
It paid
you fifty bucks a month, paid your tuition, fees and books, for four years, and I was in
mechanical engineering, which was a five year program at the time, so my dad said, “You
save your fifty bucks and you pay for your fifth year of school, and you can stay at home,
drive over to the U, and I‟ll give you the use of the car and pocket money”, and he was
pleased, because it was a good deal for him and it was a good deal for me.
Interviewer: Did you get to finish school before you went on active duty?
You had to have a degree to get commissioned, so when I graduated, I was
commissioned. Captain Morgan was CO of the navy ROTC unit and he was a good guy.
3
�He flew seaplanes in the 2nd WW and I enjoyed him. 7:00
We were in his office and he
said, “Colonel Sullivan, Lieutenant Colonel Sullivan was the XO of the unit and he said,
“The Marines Day, Colonel, will you do the honors?” He said, “Gladly sir”. Colonel
Sullivan commissioned me. Captain Morgan was an interesting guy, because they had a
little war room where the chiefs and the rest of the staff would have coffee, and he invited
the seniors to become part of the coffee mess, so we had the opportunity for one on one
interaction, or one and a few interactions with the senior midshipmen and the staff of the
navy ROTC unit, which was very interesting and it was fun. Captain Morgan talked
about--they dropped flares out of his amphib that he flew in the Caribbean. 8:00
They
stuck in the chute, caught the aluminum on fire and burned this big hole in the tail of the
airplane, so he managed to land it, keep it afloat and he--keep a very high speed taxi right
up the ramp and lower the gear and taxi up, and they all—he shut the engines down and
they all walked out of the hole in the tail of the airplane. It was a good war story from
him.
Interviewer: Once you graduated and were commissioned, what was your first
duty?
My first duty was the basic school at Quantico, Virginia. The Marine Corps use to have
the basic school for new Lieutenants, and then they had junior school for junior grade
officers, senior school and command, which was command and staff, I think. So,
Lieutenants went to the basic school and amphibious warfare school was junior school,
and that was senior Captains and Majors and then command and staff was senior school.
9:02
I think they dropped junior and senior, yeah, junior and senior are gone, I think.
Basic school is still there and better known as TBS.
4
�Interviewer: Any specific memories of good, or bad, from basic training?
TBS, oh I have one. We had seventy five M-60‟s on line and we were shooting the M60‟s across this ravine and into a hill. The muzzle blast was so intense I could feel it
moving my cheeks, and no hearing protection, that‟s why I‟m wearing hearing aids these
days, that and other things too, but anyway, they had a whole bunch of blue pillars stuck
in the hillside, diagonally. 10:00
The M-60 was on a tripod and I realized that if I
grabbed onto the elevating and traversing mechanism that I could move the elevating
mechanism with my middle finger and I could move the traversing mechanism with my
thumb. I tried it a couple times and watched and thought,”Yeah this works”, so I made it
walk up the dummies. “Cease fire, who is shooting at those blue Pyramids over there?” I
raised my hand and he said, “Lieutenant, do that again”, so I performed for my whole
basic school class. I walked them up and he said, “Now bring it back down”, and that
was a lot of work to get my hand work backwards, but I did, so I remember that. I was
always good with weapons and Master Sergeant Johnson would take me into the armory
at the University of Minnesota and I would take apart an M-1 sub machine guns and M1‟s. 11:01 The 1919 A-4 Browning machine guns, BARs and I was taking them all
apart, because I was always interested in ordinance, so all the stuff that had to do with
ordinance, I would do very well at. There were a couple of us that really knew something
about firearms.
Interviewer: Now, did you express your interest in flying prior to going to the basic
school, or was that something that you chose after basic?
My interest in flying was, and I always thought it was kind of interesting, but my junior
cruise as a midshipman was four week in Corpus Christi for aviation and four weeks in
5
�Coronado for amphibious warfare, and that cemented the fact that I wanted to be a pilot
and I wanted to be a Marine. After that cruise is when I went to see the Major and said,
“I want to be a Marine”. 12:00
He said, “We‟ve been waiting for you to come in”, and
during that cruise—I remember one time the “Blue Angels” demonstrated and practiced
and then they all sat around and allowed the midshipmen to come over and talk to them,
so I was talking to the “Blue Angels” when I was a junior in college, about aviation, of
course
Interviewer: A successful recruiting tool, having the “Blue Angels” talk to you.
Oh yeah, absolutely, absolutely, so after I completed basic school, I went to flight
training and I went to Pensacola and went through ground school. Mechanical
Engineering, that was duck soup, nothing to it, and I had to take some kind of nontechnical elective and I don‟t know how I ever got away with taking Physiology as a nontechnical elective and I hated it, because they talk about nothing but sodium and
potassium balances and it was not fun for me. 13:03
I did learn something, because
when we went through aviation physiology, I got every question right and I scored off the
rank and aeronautics was easy, engines was duck soup, I took every engine course I could
at the University of Minnesota, except jet engines—I waited for grad school. After I was
done with pre-flight and was waiting to go to Safley Field, I drafted. Everybody else got
to go to the beach for a couple of weeks while they waited for the pool to drain down. I
was put in with the people that taught engines and I had to work on making tests, which
was very interesting, because on good multiple choice tests you have to have answers that
seemed reasonable. One correct and some that seemed reasonable and they all have to be
the same length of words, more or less, and it was hard to make these tests and I really
6
�worked at that. 14:08
It was a lot of fun doing that, actually, so then I went to Saufley
Field , went through primary and went to Meridian, Mississippi to McCain Field. John
McCain was an instructor in VT-7 when I was a student in VT-9, so I knew who he was.
I went through all basic there except gunnery and caraqual, so then we had to go back to
Pensacola, main side for taking the T-2 aboard the boat and doing gunnery. Having
completed that I went to Corpus Christi was in a pool for a couple of weeks then went to
Beeville, Texas, the married student went to Kingsville and I went to Beeville. 15:05
Kingsville is in the middle of the King Ranch, which is just huge. Anyway, I went to
Beeville and I went through advanced there flying the F-9 Cougar, and that was the first
time I ever flew a single seat aircraft. We flew the two seated F-9, but when we got to
advanced formation and gunnery and that kind of thing. They had single seat F-9‟s
there, so we thought we were pretty hot when we flew the single seat F-9‟s. We would
taxi, open up the canopy and put our elbows on the canopy rail, pull our mask off and let
the wind blow in our face and think, ”I‟m hot stuff”.
Interviewer: What year was it when you finally finished all of your training and
were shipped out to Vietnam?
I was designated a naval aviator in March, I think, of 1967 and my orders took me to
Cherry Point, North Carolina. 16:05
I went to the Marine Corps air station, Cherry
Point, and I checked in. I wanted to fly F-8‟s and I went down and talked to the people
down there and they said, “We aren‟t sending anybody to fly F-8‟s anymore. You‟ve got
your choice between F-4‟s and A-6‟s”, and I tangled with a bunch of A-6 guys that were
going to go overseas and they said, “ F-4‟s, they‟re okay, but you ought to see what see
what the A-6 is and what it can do”. They took me down to the squadron and they
7
�showed be the airplane, and they had me sit in it. They showed me all these massive
arrays of switches and buttons, knobs and dials and I said, “Maybe this is kind of cool”,
so I chose the A-6. I went to Arial Attack Squadron 224, I walked in and they said, “Oh
boy, a Captain coming in”. 17:01 Because just after I got my wings, I had a promotion
to Captain. I was a permanent 2nd lieutenant, a temporary 1st Lieutenant; you know that‟s
the way we did things like that and had a promotion to a temporary Captain, permanent
2nd Lieutenant, and I walked into the squadron with my railroad tracks on and the said,
“Oh boy, we got an experienced leader”, not. So, anyway—but, so I was so senior I
ended up being the assistant maintenance officer for a while and working for a Major.
Later on we had an LDO that became the assistant maintenance officer and I became the
maintenance control officer. But, we had a lot of fun in that squadron. 18:04
We went
through four CO‟s there and one of them was JK Davis and JK Davis was the first
Marine, Marine aviator, to get a fourth star. He was the assistant commandant if the
Marine Corps and the first time they had four stars for the assistant commandant. But, he
was a lieutenant colonel at this time, and they formed a new squadron, a training
squadron, for A-6 transition pilots, bombardiers and navigators, and he left 224 and went
over to take over that squadron. When I was in there---one of our kids had sent off to
Charles Schulz‟s and asked, “Can we put “Snoopy” on the tail of our airplane?” Charles
Schulz wrote back this really nice note saying, “I‟d be very honored to have “Snoopy” on
the rudder of your airplane”. 19:00
I was assigned the duty to cut the stencil of the dog
house and “Snoopy” in the scarf and we had “Snoopy” on the tail of the airplane. I cut
another stencil and I came in one evening in civilian clothes, and said, “Do you guys have
some coveralls?” They said, “Yes sir we got coveralls”, and I said, “You got red paint?”
8
�They said, “No sir”, and I said, “Well, go over to 225 and borrow some red spray paint”.
They said “Aye sir”, and I said, “Where‟s my stencil?” They said, “There”, and I said,
“You got a stepladder?” They said, “Yes sir‟, so two “Snuffies” and I in my coveralls—I
held the paint, befitting my rank. One of the “Snuffies” had a stepladder and the other
one carried the stencil. So, we walked past the armed guard to get in the 225‟s hanger
where the 202‟s were in there. 20:05 We opened up the stepladder and I climbed up
and stood on the tail of the plane, one of the planes, they only had two at the time, and
they handed me up the stencil and they climbed up there and held the stencil while I used
red spray paint to paint the fireplug on the rudder, on both sides. Nobody said anything
about it until the next morning when JK Davis came into work and he looked at that. Our
then skipper was Paul German, a Lieutenant Colonel also, and he called Colonel Davis
and he said, “John, what are you doing?”, and he said, “What‟s the matter Paul?”, and
Paul said, “Why did you spray paint a fireplug on my airplane?” 21:00 He said, “I
don‟t know what you‟re talking about”, and he had no idea what was going on. He was
absolutely innocent of this. It was just me having a good time, and the troops too. We
got away with that and when I left 224, before I went overseas, I told that story at my
going away party, and Paul German said to me, “Good job, Jim, well done”, as a matter
of fact, it was “Well done”, is what he said. You know, in the naval service, that‟s the
highest praise you can get is “Well done”, those two words.
Interviewer: Now, when you left to go overseas to Vietnam, did you leave from
North Carolina, or did you leave from California? Did you go by carrier?
Well, I went home on leave and went to San Francisco and flew from San Francisco to
Okinawa, I think. 22:00
There was a very brief introductory—I think we got a chance
9
�to fire the M-16-- they had introduced the M-16 and they really had very disastrous
results with that, because they used—they recycled artillery ammunition for the
propellant in the M-16 projectiles, the cartridges, and in order to take the acid out of the
old propellants, because as it ages it liberates a little bit of acid, so they put some sort of
stuff in it like baking soda, it‟s not baking soda, but it‟s something like that, and it sort of
neutralizes the acid. The problem with that is that the byproduct of it was very dirty.
23:00 The M-16 taps gas off and runs it through a tube, which runs into the bolt carrier
and makes it operate. Well, shooting dirty ammunition would plug up that that tube and
that was not part of the thing to be cleaned and there were no instructions on how to clean
it, no way to clean it. So, there was a very bad situation where a Marine outfit got over
run by the VC and a lot of Marines died. When they retook the hill, they found—not
only did they find the Marines' bodies, but they found all these M-16‟s and every one of
them was broken open and nonfunctioning. They wanted us to know and everybody to
know, how far a M-16—so that was part of my pre combat training, and that was down in
Okinawa. Then I flew from Okinawa down to Da Nang and i went into a processing
center. 24:00 A-6 pilots either stayed in Da Nang with VNA 242 or went to Chu Lai
with 513.
Interviewer: What was your first impression as you entered Vietnam?
My Vietnam Service Medal I wore with great pride, because that was my medal for the
bravest thing I ever did, because I didn‟t know what was going to happen to me and I was
really apprehensive that I would do something stupid and embarrass myself and my
colleagues, and get people killed. So, standing up and walking off that airplane, going
10
�down the steps and going into that processing center was the bravest thing I‟ve ever done
in my life without showing any emotion, maybe I did, but trying not to anyway. 25:03
Interviewer: Now, at this time you were still single, or were you married?
I was still single. I ended up going to 242 and that was okay, it was right there and my
first quarters were a Southeast Asia hut, which is basically, a frame of wood and the
lower half of the wall has got slats, overlapping slats on a forty-five degree angle, so the
air can move through it and screen on the inside of the building, then screen on the top
part of it. Any breath of air will serve to cool you off a little bit. Later on, air crews got
Quonset huts, and they put a Quonset hut and they quartered it and put an air conditioner
on each end, a room air conditioner. 26:02 You had eight officers—eight air crew were
in the Quonset hut, two in each quarter. Ultimately, I ended up with my bombardier and
navigator and I being together and that was really—that was good, because I flew at night
and lots of times I would fly and we would come back late at night and we wouldn‟t
wake up anybody coming in, getting ready and going to bed. If you stumble around in
the dark, you could wake up your roommates and that‟s not very, not a very good thing to
do. My first flight was in May of 1968, I think, yeah, May of 1968, just during the
monsoons. 27:00
I came back to Da Nang and we landed going north on runway 119.
We landed on runway 1, with the wind and a thunderstorm on the north end of the field,
and as we rolled out the line of the thunderstorm and the rain came halfway on the
runway, and I went IFR on rollout. It was just a—I‟d never seen rain like that and I got
the airplane stopped without an incident and we turned off the runway and refueled and
all that good stuff. But, that was my introduction to Vietnam and I thought, “Boy this
weather sucks”.
11
�Interviewer: Now, was there a lot of air and bombing action during the monsoon
season?
Oh sure
Interviewer: For some reason I was thinking, because of the weather that it kind of
slowed down during those periods. 28:01
The A-6—basically we flew at night, eighty percent of my flying was at night. A
hundred and sixty missions at night and only forty three in the daytime, and we would
hunt trucks, and whatever, at night, so the weather didn‟t stop us. I can‟t tell a story
about that, remind me about that in a minute. I flew a few missions around South
Vietnam at night and then shortly after that I went to North Vietnam. I remember this
vividly, because we were told to buy Seiko watches because Sunday always came up red
and Sunday was pill day. 29:03
That‟s when we took our Chloroquine, our anti-
malaria pill. The problem with that is they tend to give you diarrhea, so Monday night, or
Sunday night, one or the other, I‟d taken my pill and I‟m flying over North Vietnam and
I‟m looking at the bombardier and navigator and I said, “For God sake find a target will
you?” I had to go to the bathroom and sitting on an ejection seat you‟ve got no options.
Eventually we found a target and we made it back and I was okay, but that was the
hardest part about my first mission to North Vietnam, not embarrassing myself beyond
hope, all measure.
Interviewer: You could have said you were just scared blank.
Yeah, yeah, not true
Interviewer: You mentioned hunting trucks, what type of identification equipment
did you use to find them in the jungle, in the dark and rain? 30:04
12
�The A-6 was a very sophisticated aircraft that the design was frozen in 1958. The system
had an acronym of “Diane”, digital, integrated attack navigation equipment. We had
search radar for target acquisition; we had track radar for locking onto it and getting
range, precise range, depression and azimuth from the element, the edam line [?] of the
aircraft. We had a digital computer that memorized the ballistics of all the weapons and
they were stored on a rotating drum, a great big thing. It would take five marines to pick
up the system and carry it and when the A-6A came out you could put it all in a briefcase,
but it was old technology. Then we had an air data computer and we had Doppler radar
to get wind shift and so on. 31:01
We could lock onto—bombardier and navigator
could enable AMTI, airborne moving target indicator, If you looked at weather radar and
you see all the ground return and then they do the MTI where they cancel out the ground
return where nothing is moving, that‟s MTI. We could cancel out, that‟s working
backwards from MTI, if something was going at very slow speed it would pop out on the
scope and the bombardier and navigator could lock onto it and if we were in North
Vietnam, or Laos--well that‟s a free fire zone for anything moving and that‟s fair game.
We would go hunt trucks in North Vietnam and Laos and even the A Shau Valley. There
wasn‟t ever a truck in the A Shau Valley that I ever heard of. 32:02 That‟s what we
did, we used—early on they were using CBU‟s, but the bomblets would go off, they
would pierce gas tanks, they would puncture the tires, but they would go out and recover
the vehicles, repair it and put it back in service. We started using, and when I was there
we were using five hundred pounders, Mark 82‟s with eighteen inch daisy cutters, I gave
you a picture of that, and there are pictures in there. Anyway, a daisy cutter is an
eighteen inch pipe full of high explosives, threaded on each end, one set of threads
13
�screws into the bomb and the bomb fuse well and then yo put the fuse in the other end
and that gives you standoff when the bomb hits the ground it‟s now eighteen inches
above the ground and at ground level. 33:03
It tends to get the shrapnel higher up, so
you can destroy trucks better. They also come in a thirty inch, thirty, or thirty six inch
daisy cutter. We put those on two thousand pounders and they‟re good for landing zone
prep, but anyway, we‟d hunt trucks with eighteen inch daisy cutters and five hundred
pounders, drop a stick on them and we could—we‟d typically carry twenty-eight five
hundred pounders and they‟d put daisy cutters on the wing stations, not on the center line.
The bombardier and navigator had a switch by his right knee and we called it the “dial a
bomb” and you could put two, three, four , five, six, nine, twelve, fifteen, eighteen,
twenty-four, thirty, pulses, I think, on there. 34:00
You could dial how many bombs
you wanted to dial, you‟d turn on the stations and it would only drop until that one was
satisfied, so you‟d make a run and you‟d drop enough bombs to try to take out a truck.
What I typically did was, if we weren‟t taking fire, or much, I would do thirty degrees of
angle a bank, thirty degrees of turn, then sixty degrees of angle a bank for quite a ways.
The bombardier and navigator would just look to his right and he‟s be looking down the
leading edge of the wing and that little left turn and right turn would time it so the bombs
were just impacting the ground as I got into the sixty degree of angle a bank and started
to turn. He‟d look out there, so we‟d do our own bomb damage assessment and you
could—sometimes when you got some really spectacular results. 35:00
I remember
Don looking at me and saying, “Oh, look at that” and I remember, his head turned and he
went to the attitude gyro on the instruments and he was looking at the instruments to
14
�make sure I didn‟t do anything silly, and when I looked over there to see the secondary
explosion and stuff coming off from that one and we were a good team.
Interviewer: Now, were those free fall, or ballistic bombs, or were they guided,
powered?
Ballistic free fall, free fall
Interviewer: You said you flew over two hundred missions?
Yes
Interviewer: Did you receive a medal, or citations?
I got one Distinguished Flying Cross and fifteen strike flight air medals and when you
accumulated twenty points, you got an air medal. The points were assigned for every
mission that you flew, combat mission, you got a point. Every mission that you flew that
was a combat mission and you took fire, or you were in a high threat environment, like
North Vietnam, or Laos, you got two points. 36:08
when you accumulated twenty
points you got an air medal. When we received an air medal, then they had a formation,
and we got the air medal pinned on us. Then you just accumulated points after that, so I
ended up with fifteen air medals, three hundred points, yeah. Out of two hundred
missions, half of them were fire incidents and probably more than that were, but that I
know were fire incidents, or high threat areas. We use to taxi out at night and watch
some poor soul run down the runway ahead of us, rotate, get airborne and some guy
would be sitting out there, some VC would be sitting out there with an AK-47 and you‟d
see the tracers coming up at this airplane. 37:04
I said to one of my colleagues on time,
I said, “Why don‟t they get a patrol and go out and get that son of a bitch?” He said,
“Jim, you damn fool, they‟ll replace him with somebody who can shoot straight”. That‟s
15
�“Catch 22”, and I had read “Catch 22” when I was in the states before I went over there
and I didn‟t like it and I didn‟t understand it, but I reread it when I was in Vietnam and
then I understood what “Catch 22” really meant. Going out and getting a guy that‟s
shooting at you off the end of the runway, and not doing it, that‟s “Catch 22”.
Interviewer: You mentioned that many of the missions you were on you were taking
fire, what was your sense of vulnerability at that point, or is it like, “Wow, they’re
shooting, but everything is always going by”? Was there a real sense of anxiety and
need to get out of there, or was it like, “Well, we’re in an airplane going real fast
and chances on being hit are real slim”? 38:05
I‟ll tell you the first time I got shot at and I knew I was being shot at, was over in North
Vietnam. My bombardier and navigator was Jim Wagner and he‟d flown “Rolling
Thunder” missions to Hanoi and Haiphong, so was an old hand and he had extended his
tour. He was a little myopic, and he wore glasses when he had his head in the boot, and
I‟m looking out there and this sting of orange balls goes over the right wing, and I
thought they were going right over the wing, I thought it was really close. I went, “Uh, I
just got shot at”, and here came another one, a string of fire, and I said, “Jim, they‟re
shooting at us”, and he comes out of boot and I have this vision of him looking out there
and trying to focus his eyes and he said, “Aw hell, that‟s not close”, so we just motored
down the road looking for trucks. 39:00
I thought, “If this old hand can face enemy fire
that way, I guess I‟ll face enemy fire the same way”.
Interviewer: Now, did yo always fly in the same plane?
No, no, I didn‟t have my name on the airplane at all, and we flew whatever was up. If we
were going to hunt trucks we needed a system. If you‟re going to go out and do other
16
�kinds of missions where you didn‟t need the system to be functional, you‟re only going to
be an iron bomber; we‟d take anything they had. Back to the fire, if the fire was close,
you would jink, and jinking is just making the airplane dance a little bit back and forth
and up and down and just disrupting aim.
Interviewer: Was your plane ever hit?
Never hit, never had a hole in the airplane, knock on wood—close? Yeah 40:04
I
remember looking in the rear view mirrors and seeing the fire explode behind me and
over the top of me, and I had the—you could see it underneath and on the sides of us and
we‟re right in the middle of this stuff and what are you going to do? You go straight
ahead and you„re through it as fast as you can be.
Interviewer: Now, were any of the other crews that you were close with, either in
your Quonset hut, or whatever, were they ever hit, or shot down?
A very good friend, Jim Fickler, was the flight line officer and his troops really liked him.
I came back from a mission one night and pulled into the revetment and this corporal
unlatched the ladder and he climbed up the ladder. 41:00
As I was opening up the
canopy, and lifting my visor and taking off my oxygen mask, and he said, “Captain, do
you know anything about Captain Fickler?” I said, “Know what? Why?” He said, “He‟s
overdue and we‟re really worried about him. I‟m glad you‟re back, but we‟re really
worried about him”, and Jim never did come back. He and his bombardier and navigator
were on a mission to the A Shau Valley and they never found the wreckage, or anything.
They presumed a killed in action now, because it‟s been so many years later, but he never
came back.
17
�Interviewer: Did that incident affect how you went about your missions in the days
following it, either being more cautious, or aggressive, or anything?
No—I was sitting in an airport one time and I looked down and there was a young lady
two seats across from me and down and she had a bracelet on, a MIA/POW bracelet.
42:05
I said, “Whose name have you got?” She showed me and it was Jim Fickler. I
said, “Do you know anything about this, about him?” She said, “Not really”. He was
from Kewaskum, Wisconsin, not too far from Rhinelander and so, I started telling her, I
told about the corporal yelling in my face when I took the mask off and how much his
troops really liked him. When they called her flight the tears were running down her
face. I walked her up to the gate and the stewardess who was taking the tickets was
looking at this and wondering, “I wonder what the hell that‟s all about?” We said
goodbye and I said, “Are you flying on this flight?” She said “Yeah”, and I said, “Well,
she‟s wearing a MIA bracelet and a friend of mine‟s name is on her MIA bracelet”.
43:06
I pulled out a five dollar bill, or whatever and I said, “Tell her I‟m buying her a
drink”, and I don‟t know if she was twenty-one or not, but she got a coke, or a drink out
of me anyway, because I made her cry.
Interviewer: You made me cry.
Well, it makes—and I can get emotional telling that story too.
Interviewer: Now, when you were in Vietnam, in-between all your missions, were
you able to get out, any relaxation time, and any entertainment?
Yeah, they sent me up to Iwakuni to go to nuclear weapons delivery school. Now, that
was kind of fun and they sent me to Okinawa to go to a—later on when I was group staff
I got up to Okinawa to go to a career—what do you call it—a career placement office?
18
�Interviewer: Assignment?
Yeah 44:03
Anyway, I went to Okinawa for a short week and Iwakuni for a week.
Interviewer: Did you have any interactions with the local Vietnamese population?
No, some of the folks had house mamasans to take care of their hooches, and I didn‟t
trust the Vietnamese particularly, so I never hired a house mouse, and that was okay with
my roommates and that was fine with them too. I think I was in Da Nang once, but never
went to a restaurant, or bar, or anything. When the air force decided to do something a
couple of times and that was my time out of Da Nang. We had a road that went right by
our area and on the other side was what we called “Dogpatch”. 45:02
It was a
Vietnamese village and I‟m sure there were VC in Dogpatch. One time when I had the
group duty officer position I went out with the sergeant of the guard and I looked up and
here‟s this young green Marine and he had a significant and emotional experience that
I‟m sure he will relate to this day. When I was in basic school, one of our instructors
talked about going to jungle warfare school in Malaysia and they had Gurkhas for the
school's demonstration troop and they said, “We‟re going to put you out in a foxhole and
let you watch and see how the shadows change how the terrain looks while all you‟re
doing is looking over the edge of a foxhole as the sun goes down, and we‟re going to
send a gerk out and you‟ll never see him”. 46:00
This Marine military officer, he said
to himself, “Baloney”, and this guy told us this story. He‟s out there and he‟s looking
and looking, and looking and looking, and the next thing he knows is this Gurkha is
breathing on the back of his neck and that got his attention. So he did understand
something about that. Well anyway, the sergeant of the guard and I went out and here‟s
this young green Marine that didn‟t know nothing from nothin'. I guess he slept through
19
�infantry training regiment, or something or other, because he‟s walking the wire,
marching the wire, right shoulder arms, he marches down to the end, does a halt, port
arms, about face, left shoulder arms, and he marches back. I said, “God damn sarge, look
at this”, “Yeah, I‟ll take it, hang on. If I yell, you identify me”, “Aye, aye, sir”. 47:00
So, as the kid walked towards me, I just put my head down and I hooded my eyes with
my helmet and when he walked away from me, I took giant steps towards him and did the
same thing when he came back this way, and eventually I‟m walking step for step with
him right behind him and I breathed on the back of his neck. He just sort of froze for a
moment and then I saw the butt of the rifle coming around and I said, “Report your post”
and he said, “A,ba,ba,ba,ba,ba” and I‟m sure I scared the snot out of this kid that night. I
said, “Look, if an aviator Captain can sneak up on you like I did, think about what the VC
can do”. I said, “I don‟t care if you lean on that bunk over there and pick you r nose, or
whatever, but I want you looking around and I want you to be alert and I don‟t want
anybody to sneak up on you”. 48:00
I‟m sure I just scared him no end that time,
because when the sergeant of the guard and I left, his head was like a swivel and he was
looking around every which way. That was an interesting experience, something I
learned in basic school and I applied in combat.
Interviewer: Now, when you went on your missions, was there interaction between
the air force pilots, the carrier based pilots, and your ground based marine pilots?
Were they coordinated efforts, or were they pretty much individual?
All of the night missions were fragged out of Saigon by the 7th Air force. I never did
cooperative missions with either navy or air force, or other marine outfits either. We
had—when we were going to North Vietnam we had a target time. 49:01
20
We were
�free to roam up and down the roads where---our rules of engagements set that we could
only attack what was on the roads, or if you had a forward air controller, you could get
handed off to a forward air controller and he could specify your target for you. We had a
target time and I‟ve forgotten if it was twenty minutes, or something like that, in North
Vietnam. The whole idea was to keep pressure on the Vietnamese and don‟t run into
unfriendly airplanes. I did tell the story in class about one point target we had where we
were given the coordinates, map coordinates, of a cave and an attack access, basically
running south, so my bombardier and navigator and I looked at the map and he figured
out what he thought would be a radar significant point. 50:04 We hit the latitude and
longitude of the cave we went up and he identified his radar significant check point, up
point, to update the computer and we put the coordinates of the cave in and we set up the
attack running in on that one. There was an Air Force flight, call sign Cadillac, it was
working on the coast and we ran in and I think I dropped three two thousand pounders
and I have a vision of at least one of those bombs going down the mouth of the cave.
There must have been ammunition in it, or something, because we dropped the bombs
and it went off and I looked in the rearview mirror and the whole sky behind me is
yellow. I scared Cadillac and he said, “Cadillac check, four, three, two”. 51:04
Cadillac lead says, “What was that?” Cadillac lead was afraid one of his birds had gone
into the ground, so I said, “Cadillac, Manual 4013, I‟m over to the west of you playing
around”, and he said, “What did you hit?” I said, “I don‟t know, but it must have been
spectacular”, and he said, “It was”, so that was my interaction with, you know—
Interviewer: While you were in Vietnam, were you able to communicate back with
your family, back in Minnesota?
21
�Well, we wrote letters all the time and the interesting thing about that was we just put free
where the stamp is. Letters went back and forth.
Interviewer: Regularly, good service as far as you could tell?
Oh absolutely, because since I never left Da Nang, I always got my mail on a VMA 242,
even when I was on group staff I always had a mailbox there, yeah. 52:05
Interviewer: Did you recount, as you look back on it now, did you give a fair and
balanced report of what your activities really were, or did you color them to make it
seem not quite as hazzardess?
To my mother? For my mother, no, it was not a full and complete disclosure. I think I
said—the first time I got shot at I think I put that in and said, “I got shot at tonight, no big
deal”, or something like that. Because, my mother, I‟m sure was wringing a hanky in her
hands and destroying it and she must have gone through a whole box full while I was
overseas. 53:00
My dad recounted about his mother and my grandmother who had
passed away by that time, and he said, “Good thing she‟s dead, because she would have
spent the whole time you were in Vietnam on her knees praying with the rosary”. I was
well aware that my parents, and particularly my mom, she was really apprehensive. My
dad wanted me to get a portrait taken before I went overseas and I knew exactly what he
was doing and I said, “Okay”, so I did that.
Interviewer: Since you—you were in Vietnam how long, just over a year did you
say?
Thirteen months, three hundred—I think the average tour was supposed to be three
hundred and eighty-eight days, and I think I early with three hundred and eighty-five.
22
�Interviewer: And you said you flew two hundred missions and about every day and
a half you were in the air on a mission?
Yeah 54:00
Interviewer: What did yo do to relax, or decompress?
Go to the bar and drink, no, write letters and we did have movies and sometimes, if I was
flying at night, we‟d go to the “O Club” and they had a movie on the patio and you‟d get
yourself a soda and watch the movie, and then head down to the hanger at midnight, or
whenever it was, and fly your mission. A lot of times we‟d come back from a mission
and we‟d go to the mess hall and the enlisted mess hall had mid-rats, so if we met the
right time we could go in there and get midnight rations, mid-rats, and the food in
Vietnam was excellent. 55:00 We had a big area that had a kitchen, we had staff NCO
serving over here, they had the enlisted people here, they had an NCO area in the enlisted
mess and then the officers‟ mess over here, but we all had the same food, and it was
good. It was the best food I had out of any mess and it was the food in Vietnam.
Interviewer: Another question back on you missions. You would go--how many
hours would you spend in the air and what was the—when you’d come back and
you were probably limited by the amount of fuel you could carry, were you ever
concerned about not having enough fuel to make it back to base?
I was never concerned about having enough fuel, about not having enough fuel to get
home. 56:00
I remember starting a penetration, a backhand penetration at night, and
the Da Nang tower comes up on guard, “Da Nang‟s under attack, all aircraft depart the
area”, and I looked up and yo could see the explosions of the rockets coming in, the
flashes around the airfield, so we just went out and we came back and they opened it back
23
�up and we came in. One time we did that and I looked at the gas and I said, “I‟m just
about “bingo” fuel”, which then I had enough fuel to go from where I was to Oban
Thailand, to go over to the air force base at Oban, so I called Da Nang approach control,
who I was talking with, and said, “I‟m going to Oban channel forty-five “. 57:00 Say it
was channel forty-five, it was the tack on channel, and I said, “I‟m going to channel
forty-five”, “Roger sir”, so I turned southeast and went to Thailand. They called me up
later and either the base was under attack, or it was below minimums for weather, and
they called me up and they said, “We‟re above minimums, or the attack ceased and you
can come back”. I said, “Negative, I don‟t have enough fuel to come back in and then
make it back, I‟m “bingo” already” and they said, “Roger sir, you‟re pigeons for your
“hotsie bath” are”, and pigeons are the bearing and direction, radio terminology, and the
“hotsie bath”, of course, is a bath.
Interviewer: How long was a typical period in the air, two or three hours?
No, no, I‟ve flown missions as short as forty minutes and not very many longer than an
hour. 58:05
I think when I departed—when I diverted to Oban, that was probably an
hour, or an hour and five minutes, or something like that.
Interviewer: So really, engagement time, that doesn’t give you long to hunt trucks,
or whatever, once you get to the area where you’re going to do your hunting.
We had an area of operation and if we couldn‟t find a moving target we had alternate
targets, which were typically fords across the river, because traffic would stack up on the
northern side of the river crossing, so we just go bomb the north side, you know, that
ford, and sometimes with pretty good success. 59:00
I was up in North Vietnam one
night and the AMTI didn‟t work, so we went to our alternate target and dropped
24
�ordinance and I did my thirty degrees, thirty degree angle and bank, and sixty degrees
angle and bank and Don says, “Wow, look at that”, and that‟s when he turned and looked
at the gauges and looked out and I could see all this stuff going and it was really
spectacular that night. So, we had--contingency plans were always around in one form,
or another, so we had alternate targets.
Interviewer: As your time came to when you were going to be going home, did your
actions change, did you become more conservative or aggressive again, as you knew
it was almost time to go home?
Not really 00:01
I think I got a little more careful. I told the story for the class where I
went in Haiphong, which was a nasty area and heavily defended with triple A. Don
picked up a truck moving along Route 19 and we preceded to attack, and I saw ground
fire and I started jinking and he came out of the boot to see what was going on and he
looked out and here comes this string of orange balls at his nose. Lots of firing and he
said, “Break left” and we were short at this time, we were within a month of going home.
So, I broke left and I stood it on wing tip and bent it up, and I ended up going around
back towards Da Nang. Well, we both decided, mutually, that this is nonsense, and we‟re
going to go and get that guy. 1:00
The truck had—of course the truck is moving down
the road and we moved back around and re-acquired him and commenced the attack, took
a little more fire, jinked a little bit, but not much, and this is one of the few times I used
“Rock eyes”. I selected two of them, they were very expensive and I‟ve heard various
figures of thirteen thousand, or nineteen thousand for each weapon, so we were told to
use them, but prudently. We selected two, we dropped two and Don saw lots of
secondaries. He was looking over his shoulder as we left the area and lots, and lots, and
25
�lots of secondaries. We got back and debriefed of the hop that night and he had to fill out
a form, because we dropped “Rock eyes”, justifying the expenditure. 2:02
Don was so
emphatic about secondaries—yeah, they fragged an F-4 to go take photographs the next
day and they found the burned out truck, but we also had taken out a re-supply point too,
serendipitously, didn‟t know it was there. But the rock I opened up—I think there are
four hundred and fifty two bomblets in one “Rock-eye” or something like that. They‟re
like a bazooka round , anyway, a lot of them, it‟s an area weapon, an anti-tank weapon,
good for trucks and also, re-supply points. There were still fires and stuff was burning
and lots of distraction there, so sometimes you get lucky.
Interviewer: You mentioned a while ago about rules of engagement and when you
were in North Vietnam it was free fire? 3:00
Not exactly, rules of engagement were very restrictive, because we could free fire
anything on the road, but I think we were limited to within fifty meters of the center line
of the road, or something like that, was the only place we could hit.
Interviewer: My real question was going to be, what do you think about rules of
engagement like that, where it constricts your ability to do a job and win a battle, or
a war?
Catch twenty-two, but, you know orders are orders, so you follow the orders, you don‟t
have to like it, didn‟t like being in combat, but you follow the orders.
Interviewer: We got up to near the time to go home and do you remember the day
you actually left and the route you took to get back to the states? 4:00
The previous night we had potato salad in the officers‟ mess and it was really good. At
lunchtime they had it again and what I didn‟t know was they let it sit out all night and
26
�boy was I sick. I was in the head all day long and trying to go find the flight surgeons
were all in bed and the corpsman wouldn‟t give me any—what‟s the medicine that locks
you up? I can‟t remember what you call it, but anyway, it‟s like cork. A little tiny pill
like this and it expands to miles, and miles, and miles of cork, and it stops the diarrhea for
sure. Anyway, I got on the airplane feeling lousy, but I was glad to get on the airplane.
5:02 We went to Okinawa, deplaned, and a lot of these guys were so aggravated they
had to stay in Okinawa for three, or four, or five days in order to get the next flight back
home. I said, “Guys, relax, you‟re out of harms way, go to the PX and buy presents for
your family, don‟t worry about it, it‟s free time”, but some folks didn‟t see it that way,
but I did.
Interviewer: What was your point of return, back in the states?
El Toro as a matter of fact--we flew into El Toro and they rolled out the red carpet and I
didn‟t want to walk on the red carpet, because I didn‟t think I deserved to walk on a red
carpet, but anyway I had to do that. I went through customs and immigration and I had
an enlarger I‟d bought, because I started doing photography when I was in Vietnam.
6:04
I remember they had a corporal going through all of my stuff, you know, to see if
there was any contraband in there. I was so infuriated, I‟m a commissioned officer, and
my word is my bond except when I‟m coming back home, and they‟re searching my gear
for contraband and I was madder than a wet hen.
Interviewer: What were they looking for; drugs or what was the primary thing of
contraband that they were looking for?
I have no idea what they were looking for, drugs I—certainly, any kind of contraband,
weapons, drugs, I have no idea.
27
�Interviewer: But it was a “welcome home” at the base anyway, when you arrived
back.
Well, there was a red carpet, then there was—then I remember—I found out that there
was a red light, is that what you call an all-night flight? 7:03
Interviewer: “Red eye”
“Red eye” flight, yeah, “red eye” flight from Los Angeles LAX to MSP, Minneapolis and
that‟s where I was going—nonstop, and I got on it and I called my folks from Los
Angeles and said I was in Los Angeles and I was on this “red eye” flight and I would be
at the airport at five o‟clock in the morning, or whatever it was and they said, “Good”.
Then we went out and got in a cab and we‟re going down the freeways, Los Angeles at
eighty fine and ninety miles an hour and I‟m thinking, “Jesus Christ, I survived two
hundred and three missions, combat missions, and I‟m going to get wiped out in a taxi
cab on a freeway”. Anyway, we got to the airport, I got on the airplane, but I was so
excited I couldn‟t go to sleep. 8:00
Eventually, the stewardess sat down and she and I
chatted across the western part of the United States, me drinking coffee and she‟s serving
me coffee and it was enjoyable. My folks were ecstatic when I got off the airplane.
Interviewer: So, there was no re-indoctrination to civilian life holdover in El Toro
for a period of time before you were released to the public?
No
Interviewer: Once you arrived back in Minneapolis, do you recall the atmosphere,
or the—with which you were greeted? Not by your family, necessarily, but by the
population at large.
28
�It varied—there was a segment of the population that thought that I was a foul and evil
thing that didn‟t belong in the public and probably should have been terminated before I
came home. 9:00
There were some ex-servicemen who were very gracious about doing
a difficult job under difficult circumstances. I remember, I had a date and I wanted to go
to a really nice restaurant and I called up and made a reservation for two as Captain
Perso. I picked my date up and we went to the restaurant and let the valet park the car
and we went in. I went up to the maître d‟ and said, “I‟m Captain Perso and I have a
reservation for two”, and the son of a bitch addressed me, when I said, “I‟m captain Perso
and I have a reservation for two”, he said, “Mr. Perso, you table will be ready in a little
while”, and he wouldn‟t address me by my rank and it just irked me beyond belief. 10:00
We were seated, had a cocktail, and a family came in with a young man and a younger
sister, and eventually the young man got up and he came over and he stood in front of our
table, right there, so I got up and introduced myself—he told me his name, I introduced
my date and I looked at the waiter and I said, “Can you get a chair for this young
gentleman?” They got him a chair and he sat down and joined us, and I said, “Do you
want a drink?” The waiter said, “I can‟t give him alcohol”, and I said, “No, a “Hop
Along Cassidy”, or a “Shirley Temple”, and I thought a “Shirley Temple” was a girls
drink, but anyway, we got him a glass of soda pop and we talked, and my date said that
his younger sister had wanted to come over, but her parents stopped her and just let the
boy be with us. 11:00
When there food came, or our food came, he went back to his
family, and then they stopped and spoke briefly on their way out. So, what turned out to
be a major irritation, turned into a really delightful evening and that was kind of the way
it went. Later on when I was in grad school, I went to the university and there was a cop
29
�standing on the corner because there were riots in progress, and I said, “What‟s going
on?” He told me what was going on and it was sort of a dicey situation, so I turned
around and I walked home. I saw my professors the next day, the next time I was in class
and I told them what I‟d done and they said, “Well, you probably did the right thing”.
That was after I was out of the Marine Corps--that was 1971.
Interviewer: You certainly have a good recollection of all these things. Did you
keep a diary while you were in Vietnam? 12:03
No, you prohibited from having a diary. Well, if it got captured, no, but I‟ve stayed very
close with some of my colleagues ad I‟ve checked all my war stories with my bombardier
and navigator, and others, and they said, “Yeah, I remember it exactly the same way”, so
two of us have the same recollection.
Interviewer: Do you feel that your time in the service prepared you well for your
later career, and what was your later career?
A good point and don‟t let me forget to address that. I came—when I came back to
Cherry Point the second time there were no quarters available for Captains, the list was
kind of long and I was in the officers transient quarters and that was not all that great, but
it wasn‟t bad, sort of like camping out. 13:09
One of my squadron mates said, “You
know there are furnished apartments up in the apartment complex that I live in, in New
Buen”, which was twenty miles north of Cherry Point. So, I went and saw the housing
officer and he said, “Yeah, if you want to get quarters allowance we‟ll give it to you,
because the list is really long”, and I said, “Okay”, so I went up and I found a furnished
apartment and got quarters allowance. One day I watched this sort of pick-up volleyball
game adjacent to the parking lot and there was a girl there, and I went over and
30
�introduced myself and ended up marrying her. 14:00
We were married in the
memorial chapel on the base and I applied for grad school at the University of Minnesota
and was accepted, so I resigned my commission and went to grad school, and got a
masters degree in mechanical engineering. I interviewed with Whirlpool and I was hired
and I came here to St. Joseph in research and engineering, and back and forth, and
eventually I was in the whirl washer group. We started--we had three plants that we built
from a Greenfield, one in India, one in Brazil and one in Mexico and I was involved in all
of that. 15:01 We had some difficulties in India, well I had lots of difficulties in India,
which you might expect, but they sent me to Pondicherry to get some things squared
away and I had three retirees, Whirlpool retirees, that I took over there and I led the team.
It was interesting—I would go in and see the chef in the kitchen and find out what was
fresh and we would all eat the same thing. I would do the meal planning—I was the
scout master and took care of everybody. We had three retirees from this area and then
we had one guy from Europe, also, so I took care of everybody. I was there for eight
weeks, I guess, leading this team. 16:00
I said, “Probably thirteen months of combat in
Vietnam was maybe an adequate preparation for two months in India”, because that was
very difficult, that was very difficult. Every day we would drive by Pondicherry
engineering college in the University of Pondicherry and I talked to the senior people in
the company there, so we got a tour of the engineering school and the university. In the
afternoon we were on the university and of course we‟re “vela carinas” and that means
white man. It‟s not derogatory, it‟s descriptive, but we obviously stand out, and the
students came over and congregated around us and wanted to talk to us. 17:02 the
standard question you get was, “What do you think of India?” Some “vela carinas” are
31
�so gosh that they say, “This place sucks and why would anybody stay here?” I didn‟t
agree with that and I‟d had enough cross cultural training, that I handled it a lot better
than that. I told them the most honest thing I could say, “India is the most difficult place
I‟ve ever traveled, but I like working with the people, some of the food, if it‟s not too
spicy, I can handle, the scenery is interesting”, and all that stuff I could say with—I said
with honesty and the students understood that I was being straight forward and honest
with them. My Marine Corps experience and my experience in the south, you know,
coming from Minnesota and all my training in the southern United States. 18:03 That
was my beginning of my cross cultural training and then I ended up marrying this
southern Baptist rebel Baptist girl and I‟m a Yankee Catholic Republican and we‟re still
married, so I can be multi-cultural and I ended up my career at Whirlpool doing that kind
of thing, and enjoying it. Between the Marine Corps and Whirlpool, I‟ve been to six
continents and twenty-nine countries and thoroughly enjoyed it.
Interviewer: Is there anything else you would like to add that we haven’t covered?
No, did you get a chance to read any of the stories I wrote?
Interviewer: I have not, no
19:00
Okay, let me give you just a brief background on that. One of the guys that was in 242
wanted to bring up a website and talk about the Marine 86‟s in Vietnam, so he did that
and he solicited the air crews to write stories, which I did. I used a lot of that material
when I did the presentation for the “Lest We Forget” group and I enjoyed doing that and
that was the background of those stories, so that‟s what you‟ve got there. That‟s the
reason that we did that.
Interviewer: Okay, thank you
32
�One other story—when I was in Vietnam they said, “Jim, go down to group headquarters
and at 14:30, and they‟ve got something for you”. 20:00
So I went there and here‟s
this sergeant from headquarters Marine Corps, doing oral history and I had no idea what
he was doing, so I looked at him and I said, “What‟s going on?” I didn‟t get any
adequate preparation, I didn‟t think about what I should say, I didn‟t know—so my first
attempt at oral history was a disaster and I said, “I‟m not doing this”, so here I am today
so, “Sarge, wherever you are today, I apologize for not being ready for you then, but in
the intervening forty years I‟ve become better prepared, and that‟s my motivation for
agreeing to participate in the oral history program. 20:47
33
�34
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Veterans History Project
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Grand Valley State University. History Department
Description
An account of the resource
The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1914-
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American
Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American
Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American
Michigan--History, Military
Oral history
Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American
United States--History, Military
United States. Air Force
United States. Army
United States. Navy
Veterans
Video recordings
Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American
World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Smither, James
Boring, Frank
Relation
A related resource
Veterans History Project (U.S.)
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RHC-27
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a>
Oral History
A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
PersoJ
Title
A name given to the resource
Perso, James (Interview transcript and video), 2009
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Perso, James
Description
An account of the resource
James Perso was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and later moved to Minneapolis, Minnesota where he grew up. After graduating from high school he took classes at the University of Minnesota in mechanical engineering and also went through an ROTC program. After graduating from college he was commissioned and sent to Quantico, Virginia for training in the Marine Corps. James continued after basic training with pre-flight, primary, and advanced flight training before he was stationed in Da Nang, Vietnam. While in Vietnam James flew a total of 203 missions with the 242nd Attack Squadron and was in country for 13 months.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Merle, Richard (Interviewer)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Oral history
Veterans History Project (U.S.)
United States--History, Military
Michigan--History, Military
Veterans
Video recordings
Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American
United States. Marine Corps
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Moving Image
Text
Relation
A related resource
Veterans History Project (U.S.)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2009-12-03
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
video/mp4
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/f6951e6b9a9b4525b5ba1852fad1b1e5.pdf
82547db3f37944b0341b63aeb05b01ee
PDF Text
Text
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Civil War and Slavery Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865
Slavery--United States
African Americans
United States--Politics and government--19th century
Description
An account of the resource
A selection of correspondence, diaries, official documents, photographs related to the American Civil War and to the institution of slavery, collected by Harvey E. Lemmen. The collection includes a selection of documents from ten states related to the ownership of slaves and abolition, correspondence and documents of soldiers who fought in the war and from family members and officials, diaries and letters of individuals, and a collection of mailing envelopes decorated with patriotic imagery.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Lemmen, Harvey E.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/472">Civil War and Slavery Collection (RHC-45)<br /></a><a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/470">John Bennitt Diaries and Correspondence (RHC-43)<br /></a><a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/471">Nathan Sargent Papers (RHC-44)<br /></a><a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/478">Theodore Peticolas Diary (RHC-51)<br /></a><a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/476">Civil War Patriotic Envelopes Collection (RHC-51)<br /></a><a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/479">Whitely Read Diary (RHC-52)</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1804-1897
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image/jpg; application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image; Text
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1804-1897
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RHC-45_CW1-5807
Title
A name given to the resource
Personal account of friendship with Abraham Lincoln by John Linden Roll
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1831
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Roll, John Linden
Subject
The topic of the resource
Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865
United States--Politics and government--19th century
United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865
Illinois State University
Sangamon (Ill. : Township)
New Salem (Menard County, Ill.)
Springfield (Ill.)
Description
An account of the resource
Biographical sketch of an Illinois family acquainted with Abraham Lincoln in Illinois from 1831.
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Civil War and slavery collection (RHC-45): http://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/472
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0ee3996f6b5040fc120f764bd4340465.jpg
c495bbbe1dbeddb16b7cacf14bd1f1af
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert H. Merrill photographs
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1909/1950
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222)
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
In Copyright
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RHC-222
Description
An account of the resource
Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family.
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Merrill_LS00273
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
circa 1930
Title
A name given to the resource
Personnel group enroute narrow gange car
Description
An account of the resource
Black and white lantern slide of six men and two women standing under a tent
likely personnel of Tulane University's Uxmal expedition.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Lantern slides
Archaeologists
Portraits, Group
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222)
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
In Copyright
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image/jpg
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b9da3e9c1296bbe3b2d759d300a8c9c1.pdf
e1db704a054a77eb76e12801302cbfa0
PDF Text
Text
- ----
PESHABETOWN PCM-WCM, AUGUST 12TH & ]3, 1978
_ . ...n., ,u
nf\ 1 rt\11'\
July 8th, & 9th, 1978
Petoskey Fairgrounds
Petoskey, Michigan
Dance Contest
Saturday 1:30 to 4:00 p.m.
Sunday 1:00 to 6:00 p.m.
ADMISSIONS:
Adults $2.00
Children$1.00
(12 & Under)
FREE CAMPING AND MEALS FOR
PARTICIPANTS AND TRADERS
INDIAN FEAST-SATURDAY 4-6 p.m.
INDIAN ART FAIR
Indian handmade arts & crafts
will be on display and for sale
to the general public. Traders
with Indian made arts & crafts
are welcome. Call for booth
space. Also for booths featuring
food.
SPECIAL GROUP RATES FOR 10 OR
MORE TO PARENT COMMITTEES, BOY
SCOUTS, STUDENT GROUPS, ETC.
Sponsord by:
WOODLAND DANCERS
Pow-Wow Cultural Committee
Petoskey, Michigan 49770
For more information call:
Vicki Sprague (616)526-6093
Marie Shananaquet (616)347-5747
James Naganashe (616)347-9285
Vic Kishigo (616)347-3 789
•
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Native American Publication Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
Native Americans
Indians of North America
Anthropology
Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals
Michigan
Description
An account of the resource
Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Gillis, Edward V.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2017-02-21
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Relation
A related resource
Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History)
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RHC-14
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1958-2000
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
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RHC-14_peshabestown-pow-wow_1978-08
Title
A name given to the resource
Peshabestown Pow-Wow, August 1978
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1978-08
Description
An account of the resource
Peshabestown Pow-Wow flyer, Petoskey MI, August 12-13, 1978, collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Woodland Dancers Pow-Wow Committee
Subject
The topic of the resource
Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals
Indians of North America
Michigan
Michigan -- Grand Rapids
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/3633ef045e1ef7f6296b7d89a912ff8a.pdf
ae4a76fea0a83a45853ddb1b04a98d97
PDF Text
Text
~
[i]
PESHAWBESTOWN
TRADITIONAL POW WOW
1
CELEBRATI NG OUR TRADITIONS"
August 22nd 1k 23rd, 1992
GRAND ENTRY: 1:00 P.M. AND 7:00 P.M. SATURDAY
12:00 P.M. SUN DAV
MASTER OF CERHON IES
ARENA DIRECTOR
Eugene Begay, NEE-GAW-NEE-GAH-BOW
Steven Olonan, KEE-WEHil-ZEE-SA
HEAD VETERAN DANCER: James Chambers
HEAD MALE DANCER: Kenny Pheasant
HEAD FEMALE DANCER: Kathy John
HOST DRllt: White Tail Singers from Sudbury, Ontario - Canada
SECURITY PROVIDED BY: TmEE FIRES HALFWAY HOUSE
***ADMISSION***
ADULTS: $ 5.00 PER DAY OR$ 8.00 PER WEEKEND
ELDERS AND YOUTH 12 - 18: $ 2.00 PER DAY OR$ 3.00 PER WEEKEND
NO CHARGE FOR PARTICIPANTS - HONORARIOlltS PAID AFTER EXHIBITIONS
*
* * TRADERS WELCOME * * *
ABSOLUTELY NO MANUFACTURED
WORKS. FOOD BOOTHS MUST MEET tEALTH CODES. COST FOR TRADING:
$ 25.00 PER DAY OR$ 50.00 PER WEEKEM> - $ 25.00 FOR ELECTRICITY
NATIVE ART BY NATIVE AMERICANS ONLY.
*
* * PUBLIC WELCOME * * *
ABSOLUTELY NO DRUGS OR ALCOHOL
BRING YOUR LAWN CHAIRS
FOR MORE INFORMATION CALL PEARL BROOME OR IVA OIIMOSKI AT THE
GRAND TRAVERSE BAND OF OTTAWA/OIIPPEWA INDIANS (616) 271-3538
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Native American Publication Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
Native Americans
Indians of North America
Anthropology
Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals
Michigan
Description
An account of the resource
Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Gillis, Edward V.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2017-02-21
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Relation
A related resource
Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History)
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RHC-14
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1958-2000
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RHC-14_peshawbestown-traditional-pow-wow_1992-08
Title
A name given to the resource
Peshabestown Traditional Pow-Wow, August 1992
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1992-08
Description
An account of the resource
Peshabestown Traditional Pow-Wow flyer, Peshawbestown MI, August 22-23, 1992, collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa/Chippewa Indians
Subject
The topic of the resource
Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals
Indians of North America
Michigan
Michigan -- Grand Rapids
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>