763 24 26018 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/44e0fc9ab1f423cf2f5088985a6bb69a.pdf 108785be956df8e073a3229299411bd5 PDF Text Text Open Door Discussion: The Influence of Population on Queer Identities in the Midwest Wednesday, March 14th @ 3 pm GVSU Milton E. Ford LGBT Center 1161 KC This hour long Open Door Discussion will examine the process of finding identity within the barriers of small or rural areas. We will discuss how identity is discovered when one does not have access to different cultures or diverse populations, as well as compare and contrast growing up queer in major U.S. cities vs. in small Midwestern populations. Open door means open to all, so join us for this discussion! � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource GVSU Sexuality and Gender Flyers Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Rainbow Resource Center Women and Gender Studies Department Women's Commission Gayle R. Davis Center for Women and Gender Equity Description An account of the resource Digitized posters, flyers, event notices, and other materials relating to gender expression and sexuality at Grand Valley State University, with materials spanning from 1974 to 2019. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974/2019 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digitized from collections at the Rainbow Resource Center (formerly the Milton E. Ford LGBT Resource Center), Women and Gender Studies Department, Women's Commission, and Gayle R. Davis Center for Women and Gender Equity. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Gender identity Gender expression Sexual orientation Women's studies Queer theory Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-09 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-09_SGF_LGBTQ_2018_Influence-of-Population-on-Queer-Identities-in-Midwest.pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-03-14 Title A name given to the resource Open Door Discussion: The Influence of Population on Queer Identities in the Midwest Description An account of the resource Flyer with a synopsis on the topic, and information of the event, including the place, time and date. Subject The topic of the resource Sexual minorities Community centers Rural development--Sociological aspects Rural gay men Rural lesbians Country life Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Rainbow Resource Center Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Rainbow Resource Center https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/8f00f69c692bb655213d4904e0564635.jpg cf17ffc7c74c4cc8c68e46e6eabef9b7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Honors Institute for Young Scientists (HIFYS) Scrapbook Subject The topic of the resource Science--Study and teaching East Grand Rapids (Mich.) Grand Rapids (Mich.) University of Michigan Description An account of the resource The Honors Institute for Young Scientists provided a competitive scholarship to an advanced summer educational program in science and math for high school juniors and seniors in the Grand Rapids, Michigan area. It expanded to include approximately 12 states by 1962. In 1966, Grand Valley State College took over the program, changing its name to the Honors Institute for Young Scholars. The scrapbook includes articles and photographs of the Honors Institute for Young Scientists (HIFYS) in Grand Rapids. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Honors Institute for Young Scientists Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/465">Honors Institute for Young Scientists (RHC-38)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-28 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-38 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-1966 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/465">Honors Institute for Young Scientists (HIFYS) scrapbook, RHC-38</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-38_HIFYS34 Title A name given to the resource Opening announcement of Honors Institute for Young Scientists Subject The topic of the resource Honors Institute for Young Scholars Honors Institute for Young Scientists East Grand Rapids (Mich.) Grand Rapids (Mich.) Grand Valley State College Science--Study and teaching University of Michigan Science Description An account of the resource Opening announcement of HIFYS in the Michigan School Board Journal, November 1958. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Honors Institute for Young Scientists Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1966 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/252022dc0a0d1f7aca61de00442252e9.jpg 013beda4fe7f1817a9f33a4651d66d3e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1960s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000217 Title A name given to the resource Opening day ceremonies Description An account of the resource Board member William Seidman speaks at opening day ceremony. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Events College administrators Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1963 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/94f1c9b59572496d3541760573c1bb04.jpg 8560da10d969a114bc45e63c651d8973 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1960s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000228 Title A name given to the resource Opening day convocation Description An account of the resource Students and faculty attend opening day convocation. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Students Events Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1963 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/92189f05b873c099c45bbbe5b0a134ab.jpg e30e51159f4ec7f8f4b29c1e4929c53a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1960s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000341 Title A name given to the resource Opening day of classes Description An account of the resource Prof. Marv DeVries, Dean George Potter, and Prof. Donald Hall prepare for opening day convocation, 1963. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges College administrators Faculty Events Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/5053c2a5fe2e4b82f7b3ba9605843d73.mp3 a8d6dc390e4f2a83fb6c18f84234de07 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard A. Rhem Collection Description An account of the resource Text and sound recordings of the sermons, prayers, services, and articles of Richard Rhem, pastor emeritus of Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, Michigan, where he served for 37 years. Starting in the mid 1980's, Rhem began to question some of the traditional Christian dogma that he had been espousing from the pulpit. That questioning was a first step in a long and interesting spiritual journey, one that he openly shared with his congregation. His journey is important, in part because it is reflective of the questioning, the yearnings, and the gradual revision of beliefs that many persons in this part of the century have experienced and continue to experience. It is important also because of the affirming and inclusive way his questioning was done and his thinking evolved. His sermons and other written and spoken materials together document the steps in his journey as it took a turn in 1985, yet continued to revolve around the framework and liturgies of the Christian calendar. Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Religion Interfaith worship Sermons Sound Recordings Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rhem, Richard A. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/514">Richard A. Rhem papers (KII-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kaufman Interfaith Institute Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-2014 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 text/pdf Sound A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Event Pentecost IX Series Human Transformation: The Gospel & AA Scripture Text Romans 8:2, 3, 15, 31, Mark 9:24 Location The location of the interview Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01_RA-0-19890716 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1989-07-16 Title A name given to the resource Openness to the Higher Power (God) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richard A. Rhem Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Sermons Relation A related resource Richard A. Rhem - An Archive of Sermons, Prayers, Talks and Stories: http://richardrhem.org/ Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 Description An account of the resource A sermon given by Richard A. Rhem (Dick) on July 16, 1989 entitled "Openness to the Higher Power (God)", as part of the series "Human Transformation: The Gospel & AA", on the occasion of Pentecost IX, at Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI. Scripture references: Romans 8:2, 3, 15, 31, Mark 9:24. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b78ec86768fa0f4044ba54d318528d4f.pdf c999b294eaca34be2908df764be86189 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Opera [folium 128] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_128Alvernus1496 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Guillemus, Alvernus, Episcopus Parisiensis Description An account of the resource One leaf from Opera by Episcopus Parisiensis Guillermus Alvernus. Edited by Petrus Danhauser and printed in Nuremberg by Georg Stuchs after March 31, 1496. [GW 11862; ISTC ig00708000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Nuremberg: Georg Stuchs Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1496 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Danhauser, Petrus (editor) Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4d41627e821be60c5444746ceb79d7c0.pdf f9e9cecdd72adb0db1356fe5ccafa92c PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Opera [folium 159] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_159Gerson1494 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gerson, Jean, 1363-1429 Description An account of the resource One leaf from Opera by Johannes Gerson. Printed in Strassburg by Martin Flach (Printer of Strassburg) in 1494. Illustrated with red and blue rubricated initals. [GW 10717; ISTC ig00189000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Strassburg: Martin Flach Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1494 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/75a8005c635247bd9f4fa31134ae1b04.pdf 6febaf545dd97e69f9d58e8819dccd2b PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Opera [folium 160] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_160Cyprianus1486 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Cyprian, Saint, Bishop of Carthage Description An account of the resource One leaf from Opera by Cyprianus. Printed in Stuttgart by the Printer of the “Erwählung Maximilians” circa 1486. Illustrated with red rubricated initals. [GW 7887; ISTC ic01014000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Stuttgart: Printer of the “Erwählung Maximilians" Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1486 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/f4035d7aab7f64311ac8baafdfb67f04.pdf 15758216da6782970e3e8247d732c72d PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Opera [folium 175] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_175Gerson1483 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gerson, Jean, 1363-1429 Description An account of the resource One leaf from Opera by Johannes Gerson. Printed in Cologne by Johann Koelhoff, the Elder, in 1483-1484. [GW 10713; ISTC ig00185000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cologne: Johann Koelhoff, the Elder Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1483/1484 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/62876ce8aa40682db2eb0ae10739e395.pdf a96b3e75749ea98b0672b4cab65eedff PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Opera [folium 183] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_183Caracciolus1479 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Caracciolo, Roberto, 1425-1495 Description An account of the resource One leaf from Opera by Robertus Caracciolus. Printed in Venice by Franciscus Renner, de Heilbronn, in 1479. [GW 6039; ISTC ic00131000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Venice: Franciscus Renner, de Heilbronn Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1479 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/ca9c9e3aa43e5742ba5249b4fc27052f.pdf c204b03f852a3a3c8c386f19cff98f52 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Opera [folium 202] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_202Priscianus1492 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Priscian, active approximately 500-530 Description An account of the resource One leaf from Opera by Priscianus and edited by Benedictus Brognolus. Printed in Venice by Philippus Pincius on June 20, 1492. [GW M35396; ISTC ip00969000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Venice: Philippus Pincius Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1492 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Brognolus, Benedictus (editor) Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/1ebb4f62ec3ab5e37b8b80298bdf7785.pdf a4ec2a8d9b54f1ec63b97b161f27b181 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Opera [folium 32] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_032Gerson1488 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gerson, Johannes, 1363-1429 Description An account of the resource One leaf of Opera by Johannes Gerson and edited by Johannes Geiler von Kaisersberg. Printed in Strassburg by Johann (Reinhard) Grüninger in 1488. [GW 10714; ISTC ig00186000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Strassburg: Johann (Reinhard) Grüninger Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Gerson, Johannes, 1363-1429 Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1488 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Geiler von Kaisersberg, Johannes (editor) Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/3fdad37eddfb193f619a99d0df7f5b0d.pdf eb05934341e57ffd814e1043a923b456 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Opera [folium 44] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_044Lactantius1478 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lactantius, ca. 240-ca. 320 Description An account of the resource One leaf from Opera by Lucius Coelius Firmianus Lactantius. Printed in Venice by Johannes de Colonia and Johannes Manthen on August 27, 1478. Illustrated with red rubricated initials. [GW M16555; ISTC il00009000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Venice: Johannes de Colonia and Johannes Manthen Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Lactantius, ca. 240-ca. 320 Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1478 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/e4564454a862275458386b01313a1548.pdf d56e897a2d9e09cf26664897c878135e PDF Text Text � https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/9ac7c5416ca59409dc4d93fa97fce525.pdf 7a25bf17265d2ed71402c4ee0f38da54 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Opera Latina [folia 26 a-b] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_026Petrarca1496 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Petrarcha, Francesco Description An account of the resource Two leaves of Opera Latina, the first collected edition of the works of Francesco Petrarch, edited by Sebastian Brant. Printed in Basel by Johann Amerbach in 1496. Illustrated with historiated woodcuts and red and blue rubricated initials. [GW M31505; ISTC ip00365000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Basel: Johann Amerbach Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Petrarca, Francesco, 1304-1374 Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1496 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Brant, Sebastian (editor) Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/7bc5b7086193d5259826fcabf157ae09.pdf 2e161822e55a1c9a3a85efc74de7dde2 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Opera Latina [folium 86] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_086Petrarca1496 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Petrarca, Francesco Description An account of the resource One leaf from Opera Latina by Francesco Petrarca and edited by Sebastian Brant. Printed in Basel by Johann Amerbach in 1496. [GW M31505; ISTC ip00365000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Basel: Johann Amerbach Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1496 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Brant, Sebastian (editor) Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/8d63646a3f5657f88b5dda78755bdf0a.jpg 6a6abcb9f472aea7d506b1c48d98fe30 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ronald Oakes collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Oakes, Ronald Description An account of the resource Collection of photographs by Ronald Oakes, who served in the U.S. Marine Corps during the Vietnam War, and in the U.S. National Guard in the Iraq War. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1968/2005 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/628">Ronald Oakes Vietnam and Iraq war photographs (RHC-80)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Iraq War, 2003-2011 Vietnam War, 1961-1975 Veterans Photographs Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Relation A related resource Veterans History Project interviews, RHC-27 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-80 Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-80_Oakes-Vietnam-Scan-090618-0033 Title A name given to the resource Operation Allen Brook Subject The topic of the resource Vietnam War, 1961-1975 United States--History, Military Marine Corps Military life Soldiers Photographs Description An account of the resource Operation Allen Brook. The patrol is receiving automatic weapons fire from the tree line in the background. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Oakes, Ronald Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Ronald Oakes Vietnam and Iraq photographs (RHC-80) Veterans History Project interviews, RHC-27 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Vietnam War Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/1c339a5325a7e0af80dbe22cfe91cf8d.jpg 9e4207f1d3ee1de3d9e73313e78c147e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ronald Oakes collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Oakes, Ronald Description An account of the resource Collection of photographs by Ronald Oakes, who served in the U.S. Marine Corps during the Vietnam War, and in the U.S. National Guard in the Iraq War. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1968/2005 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/628">Ronald Oakes Vietnam and Iraq war photographs (RHC-80)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Iraq War, 2003-2011 Vietnam War, 1961-1975 Veterans Photographs Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Relation A related resource Veterans History Project interviews, RHC-27 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-80 Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-80_Oakes-Vietnam-Scan-081113-0048 Title A name given to the resource Operation Allen Brook. F-4 Phantom releasing ordanace on an enemy position firing upon Oakes's unit Subject The topic of the resource Vietnam War, 1961-1975 United States--History, Military Marine Corps Military life Soldiers Photographs Description An account of the resource Operation Allen Brook. F-4 Phantom releasing ordanace on an enemy position firing upon Oakes' unit Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Oakes, Ronald Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Ronald Oakes Vietnam and Iraq photographs (RHC-80) Veterans History Project interviews, RHC-27 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Vietnam War Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/1e9deee3f2cc4b49095d8cf78c4b9711.mp4 5cdbf181680e9d6f5e05fcf2b59f59c6 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/cac3d83eea493cdbee1b92b1b7541a48.pdf ff5774227fc072b6e558ef35953f2d95 PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans History Project Roger Oppenhuizen Vietnam War Interview Length: (01:06:25:00) Pre-enlistment / Training (00:00:32:00)  Oppenhuizen was born in inner-city Grand Rapids, Michigan and lived there until he finished college and married, at which point he moved away (00:00:32:00) o Oppenhuizen attended Christian schools all the way through high school then attended Grand Rapids Junior College before going to Western Michigan University to earn his bachelors degree (00:00:47:00) o While Oppenhuizen was growing up, his father worked at a number of different jobs, including in a meat market and selling cars (00:01:09:00) o There were five children total in Oppenhuizen’s family, with Oppenhuizen having an older brother and three younger sisters (00:01:28:00) o Oppenhuizen’s father had served in Germany during World War II (00:01:38:00)  Oppenhuizen graduated from high school in 1964 (00:01:52:00) o After graduating from high school, Oppenhuizen’s first goal was to go to college but at the same time, he kept looking over his shoulder because he knew the draft was going on (00:02:07:00)  During the time Oppenhuizen was in college, the draft boards carefully monitored all the eligible men who were in college (00:02:40:00)  While Oppenhuizen was in junior college, he dropped one course, placing his credits hours one hour under the limit for a full-time student, thus classifying him as a part-time student (00:02:45:00) o Within a month, Oppenhuizen had a notice for his draft physical because he was a part-time student (00:03:02:00) o When Oppenhuizen went to Detroit for his physical, there were other men trying everything they could to get a classification other than 1A, which meant they were physically able to be drafted (00:03:24:00)  However, most of the time, the doctors giving the physicals passed the men anyway (00:03:36:00)  As soon as Oppenhuizen returned from Detroit, he appealed the decision and when he explained that he was planning to take an extra class the following semester so he could still graduate within the four-year limit, the draft board relented (00:03:46:00) o Oppenhuizen finally graduated from Western Michigan University in June 1968, which meant he made it under the four-year threshold imposed by the draft board, although when Oppenhuizen had appealed their decision early, the draft board had given him until August to graduate (00:04:12:00)  After graduating, Oppenhuizen knew he was going to receive his draft notice because he had already been called in twice for physicals (00:04:34:00) �  o After looking at the situation, Oppenhuizen decided he wanted to use his accounting major to find a finance position in military instead of joining the infantry (00:04:44:00)  Therefore, Oppenhuizen enlisted in OCS (Officer Candidate School) intending to become an officer and getting into finance (00:04:59:00) o Three days after he had chosen to enlist in OCS, Oppenhuizen received his draft notice (00:05:10:00) Most of the people who were drafted from Michigan went to Fort Knox, Kentucky for their basic training but because Oppenhuizen enlisted directly into OCS, the Army sent him to Fort Dix, New Jersey (00:05:28:00) o Oppenhuizen reported to Fort Dix the day after Thanksgiving and started basic training (00:05:40:00) o Oppenhuizen was lucky that he went to Fort Dix when he did because although most men went through their basic training in one whole shot, Fort Dix closed for a week around Christmas, so Oppenhuizen was able to go home for the week before finishing his basic training (00:05:48:00) o Although the basic training program at Fort Dix was not geared towards men enlisting into OCS, they were the type of men who went through it (00:06:13:00)  The program consisted of learning the basics of military exercises and formations and learning to follow orders (00:06:23:00)  The drill instructors were “tough as nails” but Oppenhuizen learned that he just had to roll with the punches; Oppenhuizen had already made up his mind that it was going to be rough and he knew that the drill instructors were only doing their jobs (00:06:40:00)  Oppenhuizen believes that the drill instructors were fair, treating everyone the same (00:07:04:00) o Every so often, someone would screw up, but the drill instructors did not punish the whole group, only the individual (00:07:11:00)  Oppenhuizen believes that most of the other men he was training with were just barely out of high school while he was just out of college, which meant he was several years older than all of them (00:07:27:00)  Most of the men came from the area around Fort Dix, the lower part of the Northeast (00:07:38:00)  Although there was ethnic diversity amongst the soldiers, Oppenhuizen would say that the majority of the men were either Caucasian-American or African-American (00:07:48:00) o Oppenhuizen encountered a larger number of men who were Puerto Rican-Americans when he attended his advanced training (00:08:08:00) Once Oppenhuizen completed his basic training, the Army sent him to Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri (00:08:14:00) o By the time he reached Fort Leonard Wood, Oppenhuizen had realized that everything in the Army operated around a quota system and a lot of the time, regardless of what a soldier’s background was, he was a number and could be used to fill up an empty slot (00:08:19:00) �     o Fort Leonard Wood was home to the Combat Engineers Advanced Training course and Oppenhuizen spent eight weeks in the course, being taught how to be a combat engineer (00:08:46:00)  The training included: learning how to build airstrips out of eight-foot metal strips hooked together, learning how to build temporary bridges for soldiers and equipment to cross over, learning how both place and disarm land mines and booby traps, etc. (00:08:58:00)  All of the training was geared towards situations that the soldiers might encounter in Vietnam (00:09:26:00)  In regards to the booby traps, the training was much more generic and did not focus on all the individual traps that the soldiers might encounter in Vietnam (00:09:39:00)  In eight weeks, the instructors did not have much time to focus on specifics, spending only a couple of days on each topic before moving to another (00:09:45:00) o Oppenhuizen thought life at Fort Leonard Wood was a little bit easier because by then, he was used to life in the military and had gotten into a regiment for what he needed to do every day (00:10:01:00) o Oppenhuizen was allowed to go off-base and at one point, when former President Eisenhower passed away, all the soldiers were given the weekend off, so Oppenhuizen took a flight home from St. Louis to Grand Rapids (00:10:20:00) Oppenhuizen married his fiancée after he finished his advanced training but before he deployed to Vietnam (00:10:58:00) The advanced training course lasted for another eight weeks and once he finished the training, Oppenhuizen received orders to go to OCS; although he had hoped to go to the finance OCS, Oppenhuizen instead received orders to report to Fort Benning, Georgia for Infantry OCS (00:11:08:00) o Oppenhuizen looked at the orders as a further nine months of additional training to become an officer then an immediate deployment to Vietnam and questioned if he wanted to go through that all (00:11:34:00) o At the time, Oppenhuizen had the option of refusing the orders to OCS and instead going wherever the Army sent him, which was the option he chose (00:11:45:00) After refusing to go to OCS, Oppenhuizen was immediately sent to Vietnam as a combat engineer, which was not much better then going as an infantry officer (00:11:56:00) Before deploying to Vietnam, Oppenhuizen was allowed to go home for a couple of days before reporting to Oakland, California (00:12:29:00) o Most of the time, whenever he traveled, Oppenhuizen wore his uniform because in those days, airlines gave half-price fares in standby to any military personnel who were in uniform (00:12:52:00) Prior to actually deploying to Vietnam, Oppenhuizen did not know too much about the war in Vietnam or the anti-war movement in the United States (00:13:30:00) o When Oppenhuizen was in college, he was busy both studying and working, which meant he did not pay too much attention to what was happening with the war effort (00:13:33:00) � o Once he went to basic training and advanced training, Oppenhuizen did not hear anything because he and the other soldiers were kept completely out of the news loop (00:13:42:00)  Oppenhuizen would occasionally catch bits and pieces of news, enough to know about both the war and the anti-war movement (00:13:48:00) o At the time, Oppenhuizen felt that the war was appropriate; the President had said that the United States needed to fight and it was Oppenhuizen and the other soldiers’ duty to do the fighting (00:14:10:00) Once in Oakland, Oppenhuizen boarded an airplane to fly to Vietnam, although he found it interesting that once the flight initially left Oakland, it flew to Fairbanks, Alaska before going to Vietnam (00:14:33:00) o After a fifteen hour journey, the flight landed in Vietnam; although Oppenhuizen does not remember where exactly in Vietnam the flight landed, he remembers that it was close to Saigon (00:15:02:00) o The flight to Vietnam was on a commercial Pan-Am jet airplane filled with 310 soldiers deploying to Vietnam (00:15:20:00)  The mood on the flight was fairly quiet, with all the men wondering what was going to happen and where exactly they would be going once they were in Vietnam (00:15:29:00) Vietnam (00:15:45:00)  Oppenhuizen arrived in Vietnam in May 1969 (00:15:45:00)  Once Oppenhuizen arrived in Vietnam, he went through in-processing, although he had no idea what was going to happen or where he was going to be going (00:15:56:00) o Again, the numbers game popped up and at one point, the request was made for a certain number of personnel to join an engineer group stationed in the Mekong Delta (00:16:04:00) o Oppenhuizen happened to be in the group that was selected to go to the Mekong Delta and once the groups’ in-processing was finished, they were all flown to Can Tho, which was the headquarters of the 35th Engineer Battalion (00:16:23:00) o Oppenhuizen spent another day processing through the 35th Engineers, after which he and three other soldiers were in the back of a deuce-and-a-half truck with supplies headed to “D” Company in Soc Trang, which was fifty miles away from Can Tho (00:16:50:00)  The only impression Oppenhuizen really remembers of when he first arrived in Vietnam was of how the tarmac around the airplane was full of storage containers and looked like a major supply area (00:17:41:00)  The countryside Oppenhuizen and the other soldiers saw as they went out to their company was neither jungle or city; instead, it was a mixture of trees, fields, and small collections of tiny huts (00:18:18:00) o Oppenhuizen noticed that the road the truck was driving on was similar to a gravel road in the United States (00:18:34:00) o Oppenhuizen only saw a handful of rice paddies during the trip from Can Tho to Soc Trang (00:18:47:00) o Most of the time, the road between Can Tho and Soc Trang ran alongside a river, when the road did veer away from the river, it quickly returned (00:18:50:00) �   “D” Company was located on the south end of Soc Trang and although with their sister company, “A” Company, helped form part of the perimeter of an airbase (00:19:17:00) o The engineers slept in eight-man tents while the personnel on the airbase itself typically had nicer living quarters (00:19:44:00) o Although there were bunkers designated for the company to use, there were also two rows of sandbags stacked four feet high, effectively creating a trench around the entire perimeter of the airbase (00:20:08:00)  At preset intervals in the sandbag trench, guard stations were built out of sandbags as well and they too acted as bunkers (00:20:28:00) o A couple of feet outside the sandbags were a couple of layers of rolled concertina wire that would take a lot of work for the enemy to get through (00:20:36:00)  Claymore mines where then periodically placed on the outside of the concertina wire (00:20:53:00) o The engineers were the only military forces guarding the perimeter of the airbase (00:21:02:00)  Nevertheless, the engineers felt fairly safe because the airbase was an assault helicopter airbase, which meant there was a large contingent of helicopters always on the base (00:21:06:00)  During the day, there was never much trouble but a couple of times at night, the enemy would attack the perimeter (00:21:17:00)  Apart from the engineers who were always manning the sandbag bunkers on the perimeter, the airbase itself had a couple of larger towers that guards would be placed in (00:21:24:00)  The minute the guards spotted anything, they called it in and the two helicopters were always on standby would be in the sky within minutes (00:21:38:00)  Once the two helicopters were circling the perimeter, if they saw anything suspicious, they opened fire (00:21:51:00)  The enemy attacks mostly came from snipers (00:22:14:00) Oppenhuizen did not receive much in the way of a reception when he joined the company; when he arrived, Oppenhuizen walked into the orderly room, signed in, and was assigned to the 1st Platoon (00:22:23:00) o When the platoon came off the road that day, Oppenhuizen met the rest of the soldiers and the next day, he too was ready to go to work (00:22:37:00) Both “A” Company and “D” Company were working on building a highway because they had been attached to a construction group (00:22:51:00) o The highway had the designation of QL-4 and although Oppenhuizen originally thought the highway only ran from Can Tho to Soc Trang, later on, he found out that the highway from all the way from Saigon through Soc Trang and on to the tip of the Mekong Delta (00:23:10:00) o The goal of the project was to build a two-lane, paved highway out of a preexisting gravel road (00:23:33:00)  The purpose of the project was two-fold: Oppenhuizen initially assumed construction of the road was meant to help the local population move about but later research showed the second purpose of the highway was �o o o o moving military supplies and equipment back and forth between Saigon and the Mekong Delta (00:23:42:00) Building the highway was not an easy task because most of the area was at least eight inches below sea level, which meant there were stabilization issues (00:24:15:00)  To solve the problem, the engineers crushed rocks into certain, predetermined sizes and began stacking them, beginning with the largest rocks as a base and ending with the smallest rocks (00:24:28:00)  In the areas where the stabilization was really tough, the engineers used powdered cement and lime, which they stuffed between the cracks in the layers of rocks; once the mixture was wet, it would harden and help hold the rocks together (00:24:53:00) Once the roadbed was stabilized, the engineers would bring in asphalt machines to set a layer of asphalt over the top of the rocks (00:25:09:00) During the first three months Oppenhuizen was there, he was stuck in the platoon that had the job of off-loading the rocks (00:25:16:00)  The engineers used several quarries, with the largest to the north, closer to Saigon, and they would load barges full of rocks, float them down the Saigon River, into the ocean, then up the Mekong river to where the engineers were working on the highway, a little village call Phun Tao, which was halfway between Can Tho and Soc Trang (00:25:29:00)  Every day, Oppenhuizen’s platoon had to drive to Vung Tau, where there was an off-loading site for the barges and unload the barges, stockpiling the rock that they took off (00:25:57:00)  Eventually, the Army decided the engineers could not waste any of the materials and the crane Oppenhuizen’s platoon used to unload the barges often left rocks behind, so Oppenhuizen’s platoon had to follow behind the crane using shovels to pick up the excess (00:26:28:00)  The temperatures were often over 100°, so the engineers would have to work and rest in intervals (00:26:53:00)  The engineers often became dehydrated but they could not drink the local water, so the Army supplied them with trucks loads of pop, either 7-Up or Coca-Cola (00:27:09:00) o However, because there was no ice, the pop was always warm; nevertheless, although the pop was warm, it was wet and the engineers drank it by the gallons (00:27:21:00)  Although they wore hats to keep the sun from beating down of them, the engineers still sweated profusely (00:27:36:00)  The engineers often prayed for the monsoons to come so that there would be rain (00:27:44:00) o Every so often, it would rain and the men would just stand in it because it felt good (00:27:48:00) The area where the engineers were building the highway was pretty quiet in regards to enemy activity because the South Vietnamese ARVNs had a large contingent of soldiers stationed in Vung Tau (00:28:02:00) �   The Army had set up a deal with the ARVNs that their forces would heavily patrol the town while the engineers built the road (00:28:15:00)  At the end of the day, most of the engineers returned to their compound, leaving three engineers behind to guard all the heavy equipment that the engineers used (00:28:28:00)  Oppenhuizen had the guard duty a couple of times during his first couple of months in Vietnam and those times were very nervewracking and risky because the closest American forces were thirty miles away in either direction and the engineers were relying on the South Vietnamese forces (00:28:38:00)  For the most part, the ARVN patrols focused on the river out of fear that mines would be floated down the river by the enemy to explode underneath the bridge (00:29:58:00) The South Vietnamese, both civilian and military, tended to ignore Oppenhuizen and the other engineers working in the village (00:30:52:00) o Because of the location where they had to unload the barges, the engineers had to drive down and under the bridge, which largely shielded them from the South Vietnamese; as well, the entire area was fenced off (00:30:55:00)  Oppenhuizen and most of the other engineers did not actually have too much contact with the South Vietnamese; for the most part, if any contact did happen, it was between the leaders, such as the first sergeant or the platoon leaders (00:31:34:00) o On the other hand, on the base at Soc Trang, there were South Vietnamese girls who would come in the morning and clean the engineers’ tents, do the engineers’ laundry, etc. and would leaving in the late afternoon (00:31:54:00)  All the girls had proper identification and they needed to check in and out at the gate every time they went on or off the base (00:32:21:00)  In addition to the girls, the Army also hired several young men to work on the base burning the human waste from the latrines (00:32:34:00) o Oppenhuizen and the other engineers were allowed to freely go into Soc Trang, which was a fairly good-sized town (00:33:07:00)  However, the Army warned the engineers not to drink any of the local beer or water because it had not been sterilized (00:33:16:00) The Army also warned the engineers against taking drugs, which was a major problem in the military in general, with marijuana being the most prevalent in the area where Oppenhuizen was stationed (00:33:53:00) o On some occasions, engineers took the military scrip that was only supposed to be used by military personnel and used the scrip to pay off the South Vietnamese workers to bring the marijuana to the base the following day (00:34:05:00) o Some of the engineers used drugs quite frequently while others did so only occasionally (00:34:27:00)  During one time, it was very early in the morning and all the men in Oppenhuizen’s tent were asleep when one of the other men in the tent came running in, turned on the lights, and told everyone to get going or else he was going to shoot them all (00:34:34:00) �   It took a couple of guys to wrestle the man to the ground, after which the man was hauled away (00:34:57:00) o Overall, Oppenhuizen does not believe the drug use made too much of a different in the performance of his unit was a whole because there were only a few drug users and they were often the poorer performers to begin with (00:35:17:00) Overall, the morale of Oppenhuizen’s unit was fairly good (00:35:42:00) o When Oppenhuizen first arrived in the unit, a couple of the other men were already serving their second or third tour in Vietnam (00:35:46:00)  Oppenhuizen could tell that these were the more downtrodden men in the unit and that they were just going through the motions (00:35:53:00) Eventually, working at unloading the barges became old hat for Oppenhuizen and one day, the First Sergeant called Oppenhuizen into his office to ask if Oppenhuizen would come into the office to take over for the operations sergeant, who was going on a sevenday leave (00:36:29:00) o The First Sergeant said the reason he picked Oppenhuizen to fill the position was because Oppenhuizen was the only person in his unit who was a college graduate; there were a couple of other men in the unit who were high school graduates but the bulk were high school drop-outs (00:37:00:00) o Oppenhuizen said he would gladly take the position, so he came off of working on the road and spent a week learning the operations sergeant’s job, coordinating the unit’s operations (00:37:23:00) o When the normal operations sergeant came back from his leave, he took his job back and Oppenhuizen had the options of either going back to work on the road or looking for another opening (00:37:37:00) o The First Sergeant said in a month, the company clerk was going on R&R in a month and when the First Sergeant asked if Oppenhuizen could type, Oppenhuizen said could (00:37:44:00)  The First Sergeant told Oppenhuizen to just stay in the office and work with the clerk for a month to learn his job and when the clerk went on R&R, Oppenhuizen could fill the position (00:38:09:00)  Then, once the clerk came back, Oppenhuizen would just stay in the office because a month after his R&R, the current clerk was rotating back to the United States (00:38:18:00) o When he worked as the operations sergeant, Oppenhuizen had to track every operation that the company did or was a part of (00:38:42:00)  Apart from Oppenhuizen’s old platoon, which unloaded the barges, the other platoons in the company worked on the actual highway, building the road (00:38:51:00)  The operations sergeant stayed in radio contact with the men on the road in case they needed supplies as well as had the men make a daily report as to how much they had accomplished that day (00:39:03:00) o The company clerk’s job was multi-faceted, with the largest job being in the morning, when he had to create a daily morning report (00:39:27:00)  The morning report had to be typed and could not have more than two mistakes, from a smudge to a typeover to an erasure mark (00:39:38:00) �   If there were more than two mistakes, the clerk had to rip up the report and start again, doing the report as many times as necessary until he got it right (00:39:50:00)  The morning report tracked the company and was how the military kept track of all their personnel (00:40:05:00)  In every report, the clerk had to list all the personnel in the company and where individuals were if they were not with the company, such as being on R&R or on leave, being at battalion headquarters, etc. (00:40:14:00) o When someone new joined the company or someone left the company, the clerk to document the change in the report; if someone was on leave, then the clerk had to put down that person’s orders that said where they were going and their time, both in and out (00:40:36:00)  Once the clerk completed the report, it was sent to the battalion headquarters, where it was complied with all the other units into the battalion in another report, which was sent by noon to a higherranking unit (00:40:55:00)  Apart from doing the morning report, the clerk also typed various letters and helped track activities (00:40:14:00)  In mid-afternoon, the clerk had to go to the airbase to pick up the mail, which he then sorted and waited for the others to return to the compound at supper time before delivering it (00:40:25:00) o Oppenhuizen would take a duffel bag to pick up the mail with and would normally return with around half the bag full (00:41:49:00)  In the time that Oppenhuizen was there, the company never numbered more than a little over one hundred men total (00:42:09:00) Oppenhuizen tried to write home whenever he had a chance to; conversely, Oppenhuizen received letters from home every so often as well as a couple of care packages, which were really nice (00:42:18:00)  However, on several occasions, there were leftover care packages that other soldiers either did not claim or did not want and Oppenhuizen was able to take those as well (00:42:44:00) The company had a mess hall that was pretty good and the mess sergeant in the company had a knack for trading supplies (00:43:10:00) o Being where they were in Soc Trang, the company was almost at the end of the line in terms of supplies, which meant the company did not receive too much in the way of supplies and food (00:43:20:00) o Periodically, the mess sergeant took trips to Saigon and other places to trade and would return with several boxes of steak, so that on several Sunday afternoons, the men in the company would sit outside and grill steaks (00:43:39:00) o Apart from the mess hall, the men had built a small hooch that they put a bar in and they were able to get a little bit of beer and alcohol (00:44:03:00)  However, the men could only visit the “bar” at night, after they were finished working for the day (00:44:29:00) �     The personnel working on the airbase were totally separate from the engineers and the engineers never socially went onto the airbase and vice versa (00:44:47:00) o At times, some of the engineers went onto the airbase, such as Oppenhuizen when he went to pick up the mail and when the engineers would go to get water from a purifying machine that the Air Force personnel had (00:45:25:00) Very few people visited the airbase because the airbase was at the “end of the line”, although once or twice, the battalion commander did visit (00:46:46:00) o Conversely, most the men never went anywhere else in Vietnam; the supply men often had to travel to Can Tho to pick up the supplies for the unit (00:47:31:00) The best the majority of the men could do in-country was get a three-hour pass to go into Soc Trang; outside of that, they only had their R&Rs and seven-day leaves; each man received one week-long R&R and one seven-day leave (00:47:46:00) o Oppenhuizen took his R&R in January and went to Hawaii, where he met up with his wife and spent a week with her (00:48:30:00) o Later, in May, Oppenhuizen took a seven-day leave to Japan and visited the 1970 World's Fair (00:48:48:00)  When he flew to Japan, Oppenhuizen and some other men were dropped off at an airbase just outside Tokyo and were told that the first thing they had to do was get rid of their military uniforms (00:49:09:00)  The men were told to travel in civilian clothes because there were anti-war movements in Japan that were similar to the movements happening in the United States (00:49:20:00)  From the airbase, Oppenhuizen boarded a bus that took him to downtown Tokyo and dropped him off at the USO club there (00:49:36:00)  Inside the USO club, Oppenhuizen picked up a stack of flashcards with English on one side and Japanese on the other; once outside, Oppenhuizen could hold up the card to hail a taxi (00:49:45:00)  Oppenhuizen took a taxi to the train station, boarded a bullet train and three hours later, was in Osaka, where the World’s Fair was (00:49:57:00)  Oppenhuizen spent a couple of nights in Osaka and went through the entire World’s Fair before returning to Tokyo (00:50:09:00) When Oppenhuizen returned to Vietnam from his leave to Japan, it was getting close to his tour ending (00:50:21:00) o As the end neared, Oppenhuizen had a decision to make because at that time, if someone returned from Vietnam with less than five months remaining on their enlistment, the Army would grant the person an early discharge (00:50:26:00)  Conversely, if someone had more than five months, they had to serve all the remaining time stateside (00:50:42:00) o If Oppenhuizen returned in the mid-May, there were seven months remaining on his enlistment, so he voluntarily extended his tour in Vietnam for an additional two months; thus, when he returned home, he would have exactly five months remaining on his enlistment and he could get out of the military (00:50:48:00)  Oppenhuizen had a fairly safe job and he was working in a pretty decent routine doing work that he felt comfortable with (00:51:13:00) Oppenhuizen and the other men were not too aware of what was happening in other parts of Vietnam or back in the United States (00:51:40:00) �    o The men occasionally received newspapers and they would read the stories in there but that was the extent of it (00:51:44:00) o Oppenhuizen and the other men did not really have a sense of how the overall war effort was going or what was happening because the main part of the war effort was in the north and the men were in no way connected with it (00:51:56:00) o Although the men did occasionally have problems with enemy insurgents, it was isolated incidents (00:52:26:00)  Most of the time, the men paved several miles of road and the following day, would be driving over the new section and would find a massive hole in the middle of road with landmines in the bottom (00:52:34:00)  The men would have to disarm the mines before filling to hole in and repaving the road (00:53:08:00) o The area around the airbase had been hit earlier in the war, specifically during the 1966/1967 enemy operations (00:53:31:00) o Oppenhuizen believes the fact that the airbase was an attack helicopter airbase helped in some way deter whatever enemy forces might have been in the area from attacking the base (00:54:36:00)  There was always a constant stream of helicopters taking and landing at the base that started in the morning and continued throughout the rest of the day (00:54:55:00) Oppenhuizen does not believe there were any racial tensions amongst the soldiers, most of which was kept under control (00:55:26:00) o There were not a lot of African-Americans in the unit to begin with but those that were mingled with the other men, regardless of skin color (00:55:46:00) Oppenhuizen thought quite highly of both the officers and the NCOs leading the company; they did a pretty good job, tried very hard to keep peace and order amongst the rest of the men, kept the men busy but did not place too great of demands on them, and tried to give the men as much leeway as they possibly could (00:56:04:00) o Because they were still in a combat zone, the officers and NCOs could not be too strict, but they had to be strict enough when times and situations warranted it (00:56:31:00) Oppenhuizen believes that overall, his unit did a really good job, not only working on the road but keeping all the equipment maintained and running properly (00:56:54:00) A couple of times, Oppenhuizen did have to pull guard duty on the perimeter, although it was during the early months of his tour (00:57:48:00) o When he became company clerk, Oppenhuizen was exempted from having to do guard duty as well as morning formation (00:57:57:00) o A couple of the other men did not like the exceptions that were made for Oppenhuizen and although he was threatened a couple of times, Oppenhuizen managed to work through it (00:58:26:00)  Oppenhuizen had been living with the 1st Platoon while he was part of the rock detail and when he moved to be the company clerk, he kept living with the 1st Platoon (00:58:41:00)  The other men in the platoon would curse at Oppenhuizen and make idle little treats against him (00:59:00:00) �  To finally resolve the situation, Oppenhuizen moved out of the tent and moved into the headquarters tent with the remainder of the headquarters personnel (00:59:10:00) Oppenhuizen recalls that a couple of the night “attacks” by the enemy were somewhat nerve-wracking while the soldiers waited for the helicopters that were on standby to arrive and then watching those helicopters launch tracer rounds into the fields outside the perimeter of the base (00:59:56:00) o Those were some of the most nervous times, along with whenever Oppenhuizen had to guard the equipment in the village, when he and two other men were placing all their trust in the South Vietnamese army (01:00:21:00) End of Tour / Post-Military Life / Reflections (01:00:49:00)  Once his tour finally came to an end, Oppenhuizen took a helicopter from Soc Trang to Can Tho, were he went through processing (01:00:49:00) o After spending one night in Can Tho, Oppenhuizen flew to another airbase in the north and boarded another commercial airplane for the flight home to the United States (01:00:55:00) o The flight landed in Oakland and Oppenhuizen went through additional processing, spent a night in Oakland, went through his out-processing from the Army and took an airplane home (01:01:22:00)  Oppenhuizen did not really notice any anti-war protestors at the airport in Oakland; however, he was not traveling in his uniform (01:01:37:00)  The second day Oppenhuizen was home, he remembers going to the car lot where his father worked and using his back pay, bought a brand-new Dodge Charger (01:01:52:00)  Prior to enlisting, Oppenhuizen had been working at a Meijer supermarket and when he returned, the store was obligated to give him a job (01:02:34:00) o Oppenhuizen waited for about two weeks after he returned home before he went back the other store and got his job back (01:02:50:00) o Oppenhuizen worked at the store for a little while before he began the process of looking for a CPA job that used his accounting degree, which he finally found in February of the following year (01:02:56:00)  The one big thing that Oppenhuizen focuses on when looking back at his time in Army was that he actually did something constructive whereas most of the time, people have the assumption that all the Army does is destructive (01:03:37:00) o Oppenhuizen and the other men in his unit built a two-lane, fifty-mile stretch of highway that helped the local population; once the highway was built, people living in Soc Trang could travel to Can Tho and back to Soc Trang in a day, whereas using the old road, they could not (01:04:01:00) o Oppenhuizen felt good about his work because he was doing something constructive and helping people, rather than tearing it down (01:04:41:00)  Once he returned home, Oppenhuizen saw more of the public’s reaction to the war, especially in the newspaper (01:05:21:00) o However, he tended to look past the negativity and saw the war for what it was, paying more attention as the war was winding down (01:05:38:00) o Oppenhuizen realized it was not the mainstream of Americans who were opposed to the war but a smaller group (01:05:55:00) � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context OppenhuizenR1286V Title A name given to the resource Oppenhuizen, Roger (Interview outline and video), 2011 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Oppenhuizen, Roger Description An account of the resource Roger Oppenhuizen was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan, in 1946. After completing college in 1968, he enlisted in the Army to stay ahead of the draft, and signed up for Officer Candidate School. He did his basic training at Fort Dix, New Jersey, and then trained as a combat engineer at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri. The Army assigned him to Infantry OCS instead of Finance, so he decided not to enter the program, so he was sent directly to Vietnam as a combat engineer in May, 1969. In Vietnam, he served with D Company, 35th Engineer Battalion, which was based at Soc Trang in the Mekong Delta and working on constructing a two-lane highway connecting the Delta to Saigon. For the first three months, Oppenhuizen worked on constructing the highway. However, because he knew how to type, Oppenhuizen eventually moved up to the company headquarters first to replace the operations sergeant while he was on leave, and then to replace the departing company clerk. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American United States. Army Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2011-10-25 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/46e36715fb05e0187148c518d21d643d.pdf b9e8e6338333bfabd1e78868c491e631 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Opuscula [folium 12] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_012Aquinas1498 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Aquinas, Thomas 1225?-1274 Description An account of the resource One leaf of Opuscula by Thomas Aquinas and edited by Antonius Pizamanus with a life of St. Thomas. Printed in Venice by Bonetus Locatellus for Octavianus Scotus in 1497. [GW M46033; ISTC it00257000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Venice: Bonetus Locatellus Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Woodcuts 1490-1500 Aquinas, Thomas 1225?-1274 Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1497 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Pizamanus, Antonius (editor) Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/a383c0626ac041ffd7b24520e47dbcf4.pdf 3872de7a2682524991c3f8d30ca4eac8 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Incunabula Description An account of the resource The term incunabula refers to books printed between 1450 and 1500, approximately the first fifty years following the invention, by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, of printing from moveable type. Our collection includes over 200 volumes and numerous unbound leaves from books printed during this period. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1450/1500 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Incunabula Collection (DC-03) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United </a> Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource eng it la nl de Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Opuscula [folium 28] Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-03_028Augustinus1491 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Augustinus, Aurelius Description An account of the resource One leaf of Opuscula by Aurelius Augustinus. Printed in Strassburg by Martin Flach in 1491. Illustrated with red and blue rubricated initials. [GW 2868; ISTC ia01221000] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Strassburg: Martin Flach Subject The topic of the resource Incunabula Printing 1450-1500 Augustinus, Aurelius Language A language of the resource la Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1491 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/df71455fad8494625cbb3333bd8087fa.m4v 6ed7addd4c27871dd9283d2b82daf30c https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/1114bb4ca23d0dba4e24bb8ae8017eb1.pdf de552576c5218bc1132c0a7e11227044 PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans’ History Project John Oracz World War II 2 hours 57 seconds (00:00:12) Early Life -He was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan in 1925 at the family home at 1012 Pulaski Street -His parents were Polish peasant immigrants -They had been living in America for six years at the time of his birth -His father was a furniture factory worker -The chief place of employment was Johnson Furniture in Grand Rapids -He wasn’t able to work too often during the Great Depression -It cost $5/month to live in their house -During the Depression sometimes they didn’t have enough to pay that -His mother cleaned offices in downtown Grand Rapids at night -She was part of a cleaning crew -She would bring home magazines and newspapers from the offices for the family -At home he spoke mostly Polish -He attended a Polish school and a Polish Catholic Church -For nine years of school he received Polish language courses -For high school he went to Davis Technical and Vocational School -Located where Grand Rapids Community College is now -He had to leave school early because of a work injury -He fractured his foot around Christmas 1940 while on his paper route -The journey to school was too difficult with an injured foot -He was forced to repeat the eleventh grade as a result of this -He wound up going to work with his father at the Johnson Furniture factory (00:05:00) Awareness of the War and Start of the War -He was aware of Hitler’s advances in Europe -His father was a WWI veteran, so he understood the nature of European conflicts -He had fought in France and Ukraine as part of an International Expeditionary Force -He was coming home from a movie Sunday night December 7, 1941 -Heard news on the radio that Pearl Harbor had been bombed by the Japanese -When the U.S. was drawn into the war he was still too young to enlist or be drafted (00:07:39) Getting Drafted -On his eighteenth birthday he signed up for the draft -His eighteenth birthday happened to fall on Memorial Day of 1943 -As a result he waited until the next day to sign up for the draft -He didn’t know that the office was open year round -Because of this he was threatened with legal action -The draft board officials thought that he was trying to avoid the draft -Fifteen days after signing up for the draft he received his draft notice -He was sent to Detroit for his physical and induction into the service -At Detroit he was given a choice of which branch to serve in �-He decided to go into the Navy -He wanted to sleep in a dry bed instead of in a foxhole (00:09:30) Basic Training -For basic training he was sent to Farragut Naval Station, Idaho -He was part of Training Company 679 -They were taken by train to Idaho -They went from Detroit, to Grand Rapids, to Chicago -In Chicago they changed train engines -The whole trip took about four or five days -He remembers being covered in coal soot for the majority of the trip -They were not allowed to look out the windows -Fed meager sandwiches on the trip -Had to sleep in the train seats -Before departing from Detroit they were put in a hotel for the night -He and a few other recruits snuck out and went drinking -He awoke to their room’s phone ringing and someone pounding on the door -They were late to reporting to the train station -Greeted by a none too happy officer at the station -When they arrived at Farragut they were greeted by a Boatswain's Mate -He gave them encouragement, but also expectations -The first part of training was the physical training -They mostly ran and did push ups -They also had to do grounds keeping and other menial labor to be kept busy -At times he would be put on barracks watch for eight hour shifts -At night this meant feeding the coal stove to keep the barracks warm -During basic training there was a high emphasis on discipline and following orders -He made sure to follow every order that he was given -Adjusting to Navy life wasn’t too hard for him -In fact he was fed better in the Navy than he had been at home -While they were stopped in Chicago and changing engines there was a confrontation -He sat down in the back of a car and put his feet up on the seat in front of him -Another recruit came over and tried to push his feet off -John proceeded to resist this -Eventually the seat wound up getting seriously wrecked in the process -The same officer from Detroit was present for this incident as well -The second incident was during basic training in Idaho -For the obstacle course training companies would compete against each other -In John’s company they had a twenty seven year old recruit -He wasn’t as physically capable as the younger men were -In an attempt to help him over one of the walls they pushed him over -This led to the man breaking an arm and losing a few teeth (00:17:25) Radio Training -After the conclusion of the five (or six) week basic training he was given an aptitude test -He thought that he would wind up becoming a machinist -Instead he was selected for radio training at the University of Chicago -One of the first things he was introduced to was the Morse code room �-Going into that segment he knew nothing about code -At first he had trouble with understanding Morse code -Over time he was able to get up to eighteen handwritten words/minute -He was transferred to the typing segment of Morse code interpretation -Had to learn how to type first which meant going to night classes at a high school -Just like handwriting he was eventually able to get it -The radio school lasted about four or five weeks -During the typing segment he was awarded a certificate for five hundred character accuracy -This meant that he typed five hundred characters without any errors -He was so good other recruits would pay him $5 so he could get certificates for them -At the end of training he finished near the top of his class -He was given the rank of Seaman First Class -Another part of radio training was a radio theory class -Course was learning about the electronic aspect of radios -The professor was so boring that he routinely fell asleep in class -He was still able to pass the class though (00:23:37) Downtime during Radio Training and Other Details -There were a few times where he was able to visit downtown Chicago -He sent most of his money home though, so he didn’t have much money to spend -He was close enough to Grand Rapids that he could hitchhike home and visit his family -He was extremely close to where the initial building of the atomic bomb was happening -During radio training he fell ill with “Cat Fever” -His fever was so high that when he reported to sick bay he was immediately put to bed -He fell asleep and two days later he woke up (00:25:37) Deployment to California -He finished his training in Chicago in late November (or early December) 1943 -He was given a short leave home before going to California -After leave he was sent to Shoemaker Navy Base, California -It was a base for outgoing sailors -He was sent to California by way of train -The train got stuck in a snow storm in the Sierra Nevada Mountain Range -They were there for three days without any supplies -They eventually arrived at Shoemaker which was near San Francisco -When they pulled in there was a race riot going on -They were kept in Shoemaker to wait for their assignments -During his time there he saw a roster that said they were going overseas and he announced it -This led to a severe reprimand from his superior officers for sharing classified info -Later in the base’s general store he heard civilians talking about the deployment -He was astounded that they were allowed to know, but he wasn’t -There was a military prison on the base that was guarded by Marines -He would see prisoners being marched to the mess hall -One of his friends mouthed off to a Marine guard once -The Marines proceeded to beat up his friend and put him in line -John had to help get his friend out of the group of prisoners -He remembers once there was an escapee and the guards were shooting at him -At the time he didn’t realize the prisoners were dangerous/violent criminals �(00:32:00) Deployment Overseas -Eventually he was assigned to go on a troop ship to be sent to the Pacific Theatre -On board the ship they were fed cold food -Told that if they wanted better food they would have to work for it -He wanted better food, so he volunteered to be part of a work detail -He was assigned to work in the anchor room and to do painting -On the voyage over he didn’t get seasick -The original destination was New Caledonia in the South Pacific -Their course was altered and they landed at Espiritu Santo part of the New Hebrides -He found the island to be beautiful and quintessentially Pacific -Clear blue water, perfect white beaches and lush jungles (00:33:50) Stationed at Espiritu Santo -He stayed at Espiritu Santo for about a month waiting for his next assignment -While on the island he was attached to a work detail -Their main task was unloading supplies from ships and handling those supplies -One of the first things he learned was to sleep on his clothes -If you didn’t your clothes would get wet in the night and proceed to rot -On Espiritu Santo he slept in a tent that was constantly covered by lizards -One night a lizard got inside and landed on his chest -He mistook it for a Japanese soldier attacking and he panicked causing an uproar -They mostly handled ammunition and general supplies -They would take it from the ship, place it on trucks and take it to supply huts -He remembers one soldier who knocked over a bunch of ammo and made a terrible mess -He would occasionally work in the beer hut -If a beer case was broken he and the other sailors got to keep it -Once a storm rolled in so they smuggled some beer out and had a party -He worked about twelve hours a day -Another task that he had to do was scrape barnacles off the bottom of oil tankers -Eventually he and the other sailors mutinied and demanded a break -They didn’t get in trouble (they were threatened with it); they eventually got a day off (00:39:30) Assignment to the USS Hoel and the Solomon Islands -In early 1944 he finally received his individual assignment to the USS Hoel -The catch was that the Hoel was going to dock at Guadalcanal -And the other part of that is he would have to wait for it until it arrived -He boarded an oil tanker bound for Guadalcanal -Arrived at Guadalcanal in the late afternoon -He remembers that the arrival was completely uneventful -Recalls that the environment on Guadalcanal was about the same as Espiritu Santo -He stayed at Guadalcanal for a week -After Guadalcanal he caught a mail ship bound for the island of Tulagi -When he arrived at Tulagi there were still Japanese forces at large on the island -The majority of fighting had ended in 1943, but there were still remnant forces -The next day after arriving in Tulagi he was in the mess hall when an alarm went out -Someone thought there were Japanese troops infiltrating the base -Wound up being a false alarm -At Tulagi he was on a work detail handling supplies for a week until the USS Hoel arrived �(00:44:47) Boarding the USS Hoel -Once the USS Hoel finally arrived he was given a haircut before joining -On the Hoel he was assigned to work in the radio room as a radio operator -His job was to write down messages and give them to the decoders -He started working on the Hoel immediately -One of their first tasks that he remembers was going to Hollandia, New Guinea -Their job was to escort a transport that was near there -Being on board the USS Hoel felt like being onboard a tin can -The ship felt expendable -His first night on the ship was a haunting one -He had been assigned to a bunk near the mess hall -The hull was so thin he could hear the water moving just outside of it -It was at that point that he “made his peace with the Lord” -The Hoel eventually ran into a storm in the Coral Sea -This was the first time that he got seasick -He was so ill that he thought he wouldn’t be able to go to his post -Eventually got out of bed and manned his post, vomit bucket in hand -It took about three or four days to get over being sick -The seas were so rough that the ship was getting picked up out of the water (00:50:25) R&R at Manus Bay -He remembers that at some point they stopped at Manus Bay in the Admiralty Islands -It was a chance to let the sailors go ashore and relax for a little bit and resupply -He was on the first boat bound for the shore (they travelled with the beer and baseball gear) -After arriving a storm blew in and they were cut off from the Hoel until 9 or 10 PM that night -When he returned to the ship he was so drunk that he had to be relieved from his watch -He didn’t drink until he was in the Navy (00:52:31) Invasion of Peleliu -The USS Hoel was present for the Invasion of Peleliu -Their task was to serve as a screening ship -This meant protecting U.S. ships and aircraft from Japanese ships and aircraft -During the invasion they picked up a Japanese submarine with their monitoring equipment -Proceeded to depth charge it, but with unknown results -While at Peleliu they were able to pick up “Tokyo Rose” broadcasts -She was a Japanese woman who would send out demoralizing messages to U.S. troops -Her information was generally inaccurate, but at times it was oddly accurate -At Peleliu they saw more Japanese aircraft -They were never really a threat though because they were too far away -Besides the screening task they also bombarded the island for the U.S. invasion force -Generally did it at night for strategic reasons (00:55:38) Preparations for the Invasion of the Philippines and Other Details -After Peleliu they returned to Manus Bay to join the invasion fleet bound for the Philippines -While at Manus they ran into another typhoon -He remembers waves rolling over the ship when he went to get another sailor for watch -Had to use safety lines so he didn’t get washed overboard -Also had to time his movements to avoid getting hit by a wave -The radio room that he was in was enclosed �-It had no portholes, so there was no chance to see outside -There were usually three personnel in the radio room during a watch -Two enlisted men on the radios and a petty officer acting as an overseer -While sailing up to the invasion fleet they had little contact with other fleet ships -On top of being caught in the typhoon at Manus they also had to sail through smaller storms -During the trip up to Manus and during the typhoon there was little access to food (00:59:52) Battle off Samar (part of the Battle of Leyte Gulf) -The USS Hoel was part of Taffy 3 (an escort carrier group) for the Invasion of the Philippines -Their job was again to act as a screening ship against Japanese aircraft and submarines -He remembers during the Battle off Samar being called to general quarters -They had been under the impression the only Japanese naval threat was submarines -During the battle a Japanese battle fleet was able to sneak up behind the U.S. ships -They were able to get in among the U.S. ships to make the attack as effective as possible -Aware that there were Japanese ships in the area, but didn’t know it was a fleet -This is when they were called to general quarters and he had to stay at his station -Taffy 3 was the northernmost carrier group and the first to witness the Japanese attack -Taffy 3 was comprised of the following ships: - 6 CVE’s (escort carriers) each with about forty or fifty planes -3 Destroyers -30 destroyer escorts (five per escort carrier) -They knew that they couldn’t engage Japanese battleships and win -The strategy then was to run and protect the escort carriers -Used storms in the area as a way to stay hidden -Once the escort carriers were clear the destroyers turned and charged the Japanese ships -Used their engine smoke to cover their charge -While the battle was going on John was acting as a messenger on board the Hoel -He wasn’t exposed to the fire that they were taking from Japanese ships -Occasionally stepped outside and saw American ships burning on the ocean (01:09:27) The Sinking of the USS Hoel -The Hoel wasn’t hit immediately by enemy fire -Their first course of action during the battle was to fire torpedoes against the Japanese ships -Unlike the Japanese, they couldn’t reload their torpedo tubes -Unfortunately their torpedoes and 5 inch cannons were ineffective against battleships -After the first torpedo run they had to make a turn and that’s when they were hit first -After that they started taking more consistent hits from the Japanese -The first place to get hit was one of the Hoel’s fire rooms which slowed down the Hoel -The fire room was part of the ship’s engine system -Eventually radio communication on the Hoel broke down -This made John’s messenger duties exceedingly necessary -Over the course of the battle the Hoel took forty (or fifty) large caliber hits -He was in the radio room when the commander gave the order to abandon ship -Sailors had already been jumping off the Hoel before the order came down -John’s duty was to “deep six” (throw overboard) the decoding machines -He felt like he couldn’t leave without doing that -He wasn’t able to get into the decoder room because he was never given a key -At this point the Hoel took another hit and he was knocked unconscious �(01:15:38) Abandoning Ship -After he came to he knew that Hoel was starting to capsize -After making his way outside he couldn’t see any other survivors in the water -He proceeded to jump off the starboard side and rapidly swam away from the ship -While in the water the Japanese were still shooting at sailors in the water -Immediately after abandoning ship he couldn’t find anyone else and had no sense of direction -While he was in the water a group of Japanese destroyers came by looking for survivors -At this point his life jacket was full of holes and effectively worthless -Eventually a Japanese ship started to charge at him -No matter what he did he couldn’t shake it and it eventually bore down on him -He was rolled under the bow and thought he was going to be sucked into the propellers -He made it out from under the ship and was so close that he could see Japanese Marines -After surfacing U.S. planes started to strafe this ship and drove it away -He eventually made his way to a floater net (survival device) with a couple other survivors -After abandoning ship he had been swimming consistently for an hour (01:22:55) Stranded at Sea -Soon after reaching the net a life raft came by with the other survivors and wounded -He remembers holding up one of the wounded men who had a hole in his back -The wound was so serious John could see the man’s heart and lungs -Eventually the man died and John had to put him overboard -After a few nights at sea he began to experience hallucinations -He had had very little food and no fresh water -He had also ingested a high amount of sea water which worsened the dehydration -He eventually returned to his senses which made him incredibly aware of the situation at hand (01:26:00) Rescue and Rehabilitation -On the third day at sea at noon they were rescued by an LCI (landing craft, infantry) -Once he was aboard the LCI he was so weak that he couldn’t even stand -He remembers being given warm tea -They were taken up to Leyte Gulf, Philippines -En route they were attacked by Japanese planes -Final destination was a hospital ship in the Gulf -He was placed on an LST (landing ship, tank) that was serving as a hospital ship -He was taken to Hollandia, Papua New Guinea -He remembers that the voyage over was hectic and noisy -He spent a couple weeks in the hospital at Hollandia before being moved again (01:30:02) Leave Back to the United States -After recovering he found out that there was a U.S. transport in the harbor at Hollandia -Its job was to pick up survivors from the Hoel and bring them back to the U.S. -John was going to be denied leave because the officer didn’t think he was a survivor -So he snuck down to the ship and joined the other survivors -The transport stopped in Brisbane, Australia on the way back to the States -Picking up more soldiers who were returning home -He remembers passing under the Golden Gate Bridge when they pulled into San Francisco -Once he disembarked he was processed at Treasure Island and given a thirty day leave -The leave home for him was a hectic one and began in early December 1944 -He surprised his parents by just showing up at the house �-Walked from the train station in Grand Rapids to his home -His parents had received a letter saying that he was missing in action -Over the course of his leave another family from Grand Rapids approached him -Their son had been on the Hoel as well and they wanted to know his fate -Unfortunately John didn’t know what had happened to their son -It was something that stayed with him -Upon returning home for leave he learned that the Battle off Samar hadn’t been publicized (01:37:10) Reflections on the Battle off Samar -He feels that the U.S. Navy as a whole had made serious mistakes in the Battle off Samar -Namely that the Japanese fleet shouldn’t have been able to sneak up like they had -This is why he was reluctant to talk about the battle after the war -He didn’t even know that the U.S. had won the Battle off Samar and the Battle of Leyte Gulf -He also wasn’t aware that Taffy 3 had been responsible for winning the Battle off Samar (01:40:07) Returning for Naval Service -After his thirty days of leave were up he returned to California to report for further service -After completing small craft training he was assigned to the USS Delegate (a minesweeper) -The training had been about how to serve aboard a ship like a minesweeper -When he was in his barracks waiting to board the Delegate an officer came in to collect him -Told to gather his things and follow him -This happened in such a rush that John forgot some of his clothes that were drying -He was reassigned to a minesweeper with the number 433 -He didn’t know anything about what was going on -Upon boarding the 433 he was immediately taken to the bridge to meet the lieutenant -By now it was early 1945 (January or February) -After meeting the lieutenant he was taken to the radio room of the 433 -Found that it was more advanced, unfamiliar equipment -He essentially had to train himself with how to handle the radios -He was eventually able to learn how to use the radios so as to contact port authority -The main task during that voyage was a “shakedown” near San Diego and Mexico -A “shakedown” is a testing phase to check for any possible faults or failings -Sometime during this he was assigned to handle Morse and semaphore code -Lucky for him he had taught himself semaphore on the Hoel -He was also briefly assigned to sonar duty -Taken off quickly after it was clear that he didn’t know about sonar -While pulling into San Diego he had flown a semaphore flag in a distress signal -Led to a PBY Seaplane asking if they needed help -He was reprimanded for flying that flag the wrong way (01:50:50) Transfer to Los Angeles -After returning to the port he thought he would be headed across the Pacific again -Instead he received orders to go to San Pedro, Los Angeles -He arrived at San Pedro at night and had to sleep on the floor of a gym -Within a few days someone lost his records -He wasn’t supposed to be in Los Angeles he was supposed to be in San Francisco -He was going to be used as a Polish translator during the initial U.N. meetings �(01:54:40) End of the War, Post-War Service, and Discharge -After Los Angeles he received orders to go aboard another minesweeper -He went aboard the USS Miami and went to Pearl Harbor to join the new minesweeper -He was to act as a radio operator aboard what would be the radio ship -In the group of minesweepers it would take in incoming radio messages -After Pearl Harbor they went to Kwajalein Atoll -They were joining other ships for the planned invasion of Japan -Before they could go the atomic bombs were dropped, and the war ended -At the time of the atomic bombings John had spent thirty four months in the service -Twenty three months at sea, eleven months stateside -With the war over he was transferred to the USS Manayunk at Saipan-Tinian -The other radio operator had been relieved due to a family emergency -While at Saipan-Tinian he was able to visit the B-29 bomber base that was there -Over time he got to know and befriend some of the pilots -He was astounded by how well fortified the island was -While there he was invited to go on a B-29 to Guam -He asked the captain if that was acceptable and his request was denied -Paranoid that John would leave his post and go home -Eventually John was assigned to the USS Castle Rock -It was on the Castle Rock that he would return to the United States permanently -The USS Castle Rock pulled into San Francisco March 27, 1946 -Upon returning to the States he was given his honorable discharge from the Navy � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27_OraczJ1663V Title A name given to the resource Oracz, John (Interview outline and video), 2014 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2014-08-12 Description An account of the resource John Oracz was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan in 1925. He was drafted into the Navy in 1943 and went to basic training at Farragut Naval Station, Idaho and then went to the University of Chicago for radio training. In late 1943 he was sent to Shoemaker Navy Base, California to wait for his next orders, and in early 1944 he finally received orders to join the Pacific Theatre. After doing a few weeks of supply work on various liberated Pacific islands he finally boarded the USS Hoel, a destroyer, in early 1944 in the Solomon Islands. Aboard the Hoel he saw action during the Invasion of Peleliu and at Leyte Gulf, where his ship was sunk. He was rescued after three days in the water, and served on several other ships without seeing further action until he returned home in 1946. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Oracz, John Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Veterans World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American United States. Navy Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Moving Image Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project collection, (RHC-27)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries. Allendale, Michigan Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/x-m4v application/pdf https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/92c1351ae536690bfb8183b5e57bd7f2.pdf 350c0c27339687a59e2d256bbf496bea PDF Text Text OAKLAND COMMUNITY COLLEGE ORCHARD RIDGE CULTURAL EVENTS )/ WINTER DANCE Cl~·~ r-o\ / \ ~l ~ FARMINGTON HILLS, MICHIGAN OCC H BUILDING EV;;~~;N~~ ;~~~~ME THREE DANCES JANUARY 16 - 17 Donation - Dancers S2 .00 Spectators S1 .00 7 - 10 Saturday 12 - 4 Sunday 12 - 3 HOST DRUM: BLUE LAKE SINGERS Head Singer: JOSE MARCUS OPEN DRUM HEAD DANCERS TO BE ANNOUNCED TRADERS WELCOME WEEKEND $15.00 NO EXIT FROM 1-696 TO FARM INGTON ROA D INTERSTATE 896 No Imports Pleaselll Name _ _ _ _ _ __ Name of Store _ _ _ _ __ Address _ _ _ _ _ __ City/ State/Z ip _ _ _ _ __ i..._ _____ _ __ __j For More Information Call: MATTHEW HANNA (313) 532-1911 - No Drugs or Alcohol Allowed - Mall the Above Coupon to the Office ot. STUDENT ACTIVITIES Oakland Communlt;y College 27055 Orchard Lake Road Farmington H Ills, M lch. 48108 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_orchard-ridge-winter-dance_1982-01 Title A name given to the resource Orchard Ridge Cultural Events Winter Dance, January 1982 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1982-01 Description An account of the resource Orchard Ridge Cultural Events Winter Dance flyer, Farmington Hills MI, January 16-17, 1982, collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Oakland Community College Office of Student Activities Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/28e0afc616a2f885009829a43aef6ccf.jpg 62711873fcb0eb34a0cacce9d4ce1c41 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Decorated Publishers' Bindings Subject The topic of the resource Book covers Covers (Illustration) Graphic arts Publishers and publishing Pictorial bindings Description An account of the resource From the early 1870s to roughly 1930, many publishers issued their commercial book covers with a remarkable variety of graphic designs and illustrations. This sixty-year period saw many artists and designers contributing to this art form. While some can be identified from their style or initials, others remain unknown. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Michigan Novels Collection Regional Historical Collection Lincoln and the Civil War Collection Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-08-30 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>, <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-01 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source Lincoln and the Civil War. PS3537 .T19595 O7 1904 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-01_Bindings0210 Title A name given to the resource Order No. 11: A Tale of the Border Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Decorative Designers (Designer) Description An account of the resource Binding of Order No. 11: A Tale of the Border, by Caroline Abbot Stanley, published by The Century Co., 1904. Subject The topic of the resource Book covers Covers (Illustration) Graphic arts Publishers and publishing Pictorial bindings Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1904 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives