722 24 26018 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/158e0e7352814ecaaff85ed745ab1407.jpg 1100995caef3e40a32f7125c34a8207c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource D.J. Angus Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography—United States Mexico Engineering Indiana Michigan Description An account of the resource An extensive photographic record of Angus’ work and travels throughout the U.S. and Mexico. The images of manmade and natural phenomenon often reflect his interest in engineering projects that include dams, bridges, mines, power plants, cliff dwellings, and quarries. Indiana resident and entrepreneur, D. J. Angus produced an extensive photographic record of his work and travels throughout the U.S. and Mexico, during the late 1920s -1940s. The images of manmade and natural phenomenon often reflect his interest in engineering projects that include dams, bridges, mines, power plants, cliff dwellings, and quarries. Over 10,000 still images from 1903-1966 document Angus’ family, friends, business, and travels. Over 12,000 ft. of 16mm movie film complete this collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Angus, Donald James (D.J.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/437">D.J. Angus Photographs (RHC-04)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-04 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1900-1960 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-21 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/437">D.J. Angus photographs and films, RHC-04</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-04-N2-1615-70 Title A name given to the resource Michigan. Working on Beaver Island Description An account of the resource Beaver Island Harbor. Men working on a pond net driver. It had a stationary engine that lifted and dropped a large weight to drive pilings in for setting nets and driving dock pilings. Might have belonged to Charlie Martin. Subject The topic of the resource Michigan Photographs Photography Beaver Island (Mich.) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Angus, Donald James (D. J.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1951 Type The nature or genre of the resource Image https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/79f19e97fa603e3cb01016d0c2391f17.jpg 38c959f4cfbd4d89f8f305340e281dfe Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource D.J. Angus Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography—United States Mexico Engineering Indiana Michigan Description An account of the resource An extensive photographic record of Angus’ work and travels throughout the U.S. and Mexico. The images of manmade and natural phenomenon often reflect his interest in engineering projects that include dams, bridges, mines, power plants, cliff dwellings, and quarries. Indiana resident and entrepreneur, D. J. Angus produced an extensive photographic record of his work and travels throughout the U.S. and Mexico, during the late 1920s -1940s. The images of manmade and natural phenomenon often reflect his interest in engineering projects that include dams, bridges, mines, power plants, cliff dwellings, and quarries. Over 10,000 still images from 1903-1966 document Angus’ family, friends, business, and travels. Over 12,000 ft. of 16mm movie film complete this collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Angus, Donald James (D.J.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/437">D.J. Angus Photographs (RHC-04)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-04 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1900-1960 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-21 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/437">D.J. Angus photographs and films, RHC-04</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-04-N2-1615-72 Title A name given to the resource Michigan. Working on Beaver Island Description An account of the resource Beaver Island Harbor. Men working on a pond net driver. It had a stationary engine that lifted and dropped a large weight to drive pilings in for setting nets and driving dock pilings. Might have belonged to Charlie Martin. Subject The topic of the resource Michigan Photographs Photography Beaver Island (Mich.) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Angus, Donald James (D. J.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1951 Type The nature or genre of the resource Image https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/e2cb136ffe330f7da586e2b965fc7105.jpg 458eeba5ad157613ea0fa2a7ebe9ca69 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource D.J. Angus Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography—United States Mexico Engineering Indiana Michigan Description An account of the resource An extensive photographic record of Angus’ work and travels throughout the U.S. and Mexico. The images of manmade and natural phenomenon often reflect his interest in engineering projects that include dams, bridges, mines, power plants, cliff dwellings, and quarries. Indiana resident and entrepreneur, D. J. Angus produced an extensive photographic record of his work and travels throughout the U.S. and Mexico, during the late 1920s -1940s. The images of manmade and natural phenomenon often reflect his interest in engineering projects that include dams, bridges, mines, power plants, cliff dwellings, and quarries. Over 10,000 still images from 1903-1966 document Angus’ family, friends, business, and travels. Over 12,000 ft. of 16mm movie film complete this collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Angus, Donald James (D.J.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/437">D.J. Angus Photographs (RHC-04)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-04 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1900-1960 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-21 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/437">D.J. Angus photographs and films, RHC-04</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-04-A15-P22D Title A name given to the resource Michigan. Wreck of the Henry Cort Description An account of the resource Wreck of the Henry Cort, a 320-foot whaleback steamer, in the Muskegon, Michigan channel. Subject The topic of the resource Michigan Photographs Photography Shipwrecks Muskegon (Mich.) Michigan, Lake Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Angus, Donald James (D. J.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1934 Type The nature or genre of the resource Image https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/bdd7da921313ba5840915e2aae217906.jpg 515df32663a04d0000ada2a20df5e568 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource D.J. Angus Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography—United States Mexico Engineering Indiana Michigan Description An account of the resource An extensive photographic record of Angus’ work and travels throughout the U.S. and Mexico. The images of manmade and natural phenomenon often reflect his interest in engineering projects that include dams, bridges, mines, power plants, cliff dwellings, and quarries. Indiana resident and entrepreneur, D. J. Angus produced an extensive photographic record of his work and travels throughout the U.S. and Mexico, during the late 1920s -1940s. The images of manmade and natural phenomenon often reflect his interest in engineering projects that include dams, bridges, mines, power plants, cliff dwellings, and quarries. Over 10,000 still images from 1903-1966 document Angus’ family, friends, business, and travels. Over 12,000 ft. of 16mm movie film complete this collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Angus, Donald James (D.J.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/437">D.J. Angus Photographs (RHC-04)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-04 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1900-1960 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-21 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/437">D.J. Angus photographs and films, RHC-04</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-04-A15-P106C Title A name given to the resource Michigan. Wreck of the Novadoc freighter Description An account of the resource The Novadoc freighter sunk in the Armistice Day storm of November 11, 1940 off Little Sable Point in Pentwater, Michigan. Subject The topic of the resource Michigan Photographs Photography Shipwrecks Pentwater (Mich.) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Angus, Donald James (D. J.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941 Type The nature or genre of the resource Image https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/81bb09da25e4fe0162f1b69c99b500c4.jpg 591c4b3a23698b65c9724f95bde94379 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource D.J. Angus Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography—United States Mexico Engineering Indiana Michigan Description An account of the resource An extensive photographic record of Angus’ work and travels throughout the U.S. and Mexico. The images of manmade and natural phenomenon often reflect his interest in engineering projects that include dams, bridges, mines, power plants, cliff dwellings, and quarries. Indiana resident and entrepreneur, D. J. Angus produced an extensive photographic record of his work and travels throughout the U.S. and Mexico, during the late 1920s -1940s. The images of manmade and natural phenomenon often reflect his interest in engineering projects that include dams, bridges, mines, power plants, cliff dwellings, and quarries. Over 10,000 still images from 1903-1966 document Angus’ family, friends, business, and travels. Over 12,000 ft. of 16mm movie film complete this collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Angus, Donald James (D.J.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/437">D.J. Angus Photographs (RHC-04)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-04 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1900-1960 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-21 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/437">D.J. Angus photographs and films, RHC-04</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-04-A3-380 Title A name given to the resource Michigan. Yacht from Dewey Hill Description An account of the resource Yacht from Dewey Hill in Grand Haven, Michigan. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Haven (Mich.) Michigan Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Angus, Donald James (D. J.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives Type The nature or genre of the resource Image https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/330020292c1de183001acde378769513.jpg d2ba9772f0b438ae4103e20dbb2596b6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource D.J. Angus Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography—United States Mexico Engineering Indiana Michigan Description An account of the resource An extensive photographic record of Angus’ work and travels throughout the U.S. and Mexico. The images of manmade and natural phenomenon often reflect his interest in engineering projects that include dams, bridges, mines, power plants, cliff dwellings, and quarries. Indiana resident and entrepreneur, D. J. Angus produced an extensive photographic record of his work and travels throughout the U.S. and Mexico, during the late 1920s -1940s. The images of manmade and natural phenomenon often reflect his interest in engineering projects that include dams, bridges, mines, power plants, cliff dwellings, and quarries. Over 10,000 still images from 1903-1966 document Angus’ family, friends, business, and travels. Over 12,000 ft. of 16mm movie film complete this collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Angus, Donald James (D.J.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/437">D.J. Angus Photographs (RHC-04)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-04 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1900-1960 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-21 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/437">D.J. Angus photographs and films, RHC-04</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-04-0273 Title A name given to the resource Michigan. Young man in tree for class rush Description An account of the resource Student in tree for class rush at Michigan Agricultural College in Lansing, Michigan. Subject The topic of the resource Lansing (Mich.) Michigan Photographs Michigan Agricultural College Michigan State College Students Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Angus, Donald James (D. J.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1908 Type The nature or genre of the resource Image https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c369b5d1969f5a7eb81f8ab52ae46c54.pdf 5876ea488f6029ddc031ea3f49c6aaff PDF Text Text / . ~ ~ ~ POW·~~~ , : WOW Q = -1 August 25-26, 1984 Location: Father Marquette Memorial Park, St. Ignace, Michigan Lac Vieux Desert Drum Host Drum FRIDAY SATURDAY - SUNDAY - Donations 3 p.m. to 11 p.m. Setup & Registration 10 a.m.-Noon Setup & Registration 12:30- Blessing of Grounds, Ceremonial Fire 1:00 - Grand Entry- Dance 1 p.m. - 4 p.m. 5:00 - Participant Feast 7:00 to Dusk - Drumming & Dance Sales Tables Open from 10 a.m. to 10 p.m. 1:00-Grand Entry- Dance 1 p.m. -4 p.m. 4:00 - Closing Sales Tables Open from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Adults $3.00 (age 19-up) Student $2.00 (Age 12-18) Children $1.00 (Age6-11) Under 6 yrs. - Free Drum Money to Second and Third Drums Traders and Concessionaires •No Factory- No Imports •Limited Electricity •Bring Heavy Extention •Trader & Concessionaire Fee • No Dance Contest Al I Weekend Buttons For More Information Call or Write Darlene Balenger, P.O. Box 29, St. Ignace, Michigan 49781 (906) 643-7563 Carlean Perrault (906) 643-9892 Public - Visitors Welcome No Drugs or Alcohol, Please! Trader & Concessionaire Fees TRADERS: 1 Table per day: $20 two days: $30 CONCESSIONAIRE: 1 Stand per day: $25 Two days: $40 �SAULT STE, MARIE TRIBE OF CHIPPEWA INDIANS M1cHINEMACKINONG Pow Wow P.O. Box 29 Sr.IGNACE, MICHIGAN 49781 (906) 643-8689 NEWS RE LEASE PUBLIC INVITED TO ST.IGNACE INDIAN POW WOW. AUGUST 25.26, 1984 * THE LOCAL INDIAN COMMUNITY IS PREPARING FOR THE LARGEST GATHERING OF INDIANS IN RECENT MEMORY, A FULLSCALE POW WOW, SPONSORED BY THE SAULT TRIBE OF CHIPPEWA INDIANS, INDIAN DANCERS AND DRUMMERS FROM AROUND NORTHERN MICHIGAN WILL GATHER AT THE FOOT OF THE MACKINAC BRIDGE IN ST.IGNACE, THE POW WOW WILL BE THE HELD AT THE FATHER MARQUETTE PARK FOR THE THIRD YEAR, * THE WEEKEND'S EVENTS STARTS FRIDAY, AUGUST 24, WHEN DRUMMERS, DANCERS, CRAFTSPERSONS AND VENDORS REGISTER AND SET UP, REGISTRATION CONTUNUES UNTIL NOON ON SATURDAY, WHEN THE POW WOW BEGINS WITH THE BLESSING OF THE GROUNDS AND THE LIGHTING OF A CEREMONIAL FIRE, A CIRCLE OF TREES MAKING A ROOF OF BOUGHS OVER THE VISITING DRUMMERS WILL BE ERECTED, TRADES TABLES OF HAND-MADE INDIAN CRAFTS, AND CONCESSIONS SELLING FOOD AND SOFT DRINKS, WILL BE SET UP, THE DANCERS' FIRST GRADND ENTRY IS AT 1 P,M, SATURDAY THE 25TH, AND DRUMMING AND DANCING IS SCHEDULED THROUGH SUNDAY AT 4 P,M .. * THIS IS A TRADIDITOAL GATHERING OF THE PEOPLE, THEREFORE, NO DRUGS OR ALCOHOL ARE ALLOWED ON THE POW WOW GROUNDS, HOST DRUM: LAc VIEUX DESERT FROM WATERSMEET LEAD MALE DANCER: ANDREW LOONSFOOT FROM HANNAVILLE LEAD FEMALE DANCER: DEBBIE PINE FROM SAULT STE, MARIE MASTER OF CEREMONIES: BUCKO TEEPLE FROM SAULT STE, MARIE FIRE KEEPER: ROBERT ROGERS FROM MACKINAC ISLAND * NOTE ENCLOSED .FLYERS ON POW WOW �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_michinemackinong-pow-wow_1984-08 Title A name given to the resource Michinemackinong Pow Wow, August 1984 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1984-08 Description An account of the resource Michinemackinong Pow Wow flyer, St. Ignace MI, August 25-26, 1984, collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/d8cff8ca094cdbcc7b64829128bbb4b0.pdf 9fce08986bc5861f7ea86e166abbb21e PDF Text Text / SAULT STE, ~¼RIE TRIBE OF CHIPPEWA INDIANS MICHINEMACKINONG POW WOW Sr. IGNACE Pow Wow COMMITTEE P.O. Box 27 ST,IGANCE, MICHIGAN 49781 (906) 643-8689 NEWS RELEASE, • PUBLIC INVITED TO ST.IGNACE INDIAN POH WOW, SEPTEMBER 23.~4.25,· 1983 * THE LOCAL INDIAN COMMUNITY IS PREPARING FOR THE LARGEST GATHERING OF INDIANS IN RECENT MEMORY, A FULLSCALE POW WOW, SPONSORED BY THE SAULT TRIBE OF CHIPPEWA IDNAIAS, INDIAN DANCERS AND DRUMMERS FROM AROUND NORTHERN MICHIGAN AND WILL GATHER AT THE FOOT OF THE MACKINAC BRIDGE IN ST.IGNACE, THE SECOND ANNUAL MICHINEMACKINONG Pow Wow Wisc. THE POW WOW IS AT THE FATHER MARQUETTE MEMORIAL, THE WEEKEND'S EVENT STARTS FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 23! WHEN DRUMMERS, DANCERS, * CRAFTPERSONS AND VENDORS REGISTER AND SET UP, REGISTRATION CONTINUES UNTIL NOON ON SATURDAY, WHEN THE Pow Wow BEGINS WITH THE BLESSING OF THE GROUNDS AND THE LIGHTING OF A CEREMONIAL FIRS, A CIRCLE OF TREES MAKING A ROOF OF BOUGHS OVER THE VISITING DRUMMERS WILL BE ERECTED, TRADE TABLES OF HAND-MADE INDIAN CRAFTS AND CONCESSIONS SELLING FOOD AND SOFT DRINKS, WILL BE SET UP, FIRST GRAND ENTRY IS AT THROUGH SUNDAY AT * 4 1 THE DANCERS P,M, SATURDAY 24, AND DRUMMING AND DANCING IS SCHEDULED P,M, ADMISSION BUTTONS WILL BE ON SALE AT THE GATE WHICH IS FOR THE ENTIRE WEEKEND (ENCLOSED IS FLYER WITH INFOR) * FoR MORE INFORMATION CALL OR WRITE, DARLENE BALENGER, P.O. Box 27, ST.IGNACE 49781 - WEEKDAYS 8-5 P,M, (306) 643-8689 * AFTER 5 P,M,/WEEKENDS 643-7563 OR 643-7971, MI, �' . ' •:t .,,,.,f ~.;fi· ,(;, ' tFK.. IDA Y- 3PM t0 /I fM SETUP f 'R£§/S11<.fJ. TION _ Sit TU/<J)AY- 10AM -;YOON SETUP 1{ 7?£§!ST/<,ATl<J/\/ • : z :30 -BLEJ5 tNg OF yROUN{)S, (£R.El10Nl4tFJ(E I :()0 -9._{(,AND £Nr1<. Y - OA/vCE I fP/VJ. -4 fM. 5:oo-'PARTllJPJ,tlT FEAST 7.'00 toJ)U5J( -j}f<,V('1/V; ll'./9 J\du/ts $ 3. 00 (PhE n'-up) f J)A('J(f .SALES 1A8l.ES OPEN fRDr1 10/iJVj t o/Oft4 SUNDAY- /:O(J -(_,1<.Al'ID GNTRY- DANCE I fM-i/PM ,. f .'00 {J.. OJ//\1~ ~· 5(tL£5 TABLE5 Of fN /:!?0/'1 J{}Jff1to'fPM .. Stude11 rs tl. D0 {hilc/-ren ~ l. 00 ( AbE ~18) (Ac,f l, - /I) ~.~~r ~~~ ~j'vs·-F~a.i. ,, .-_·: .::... ' . ,,...~~~ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_michinemackinong-pow-wow_1983-09 Title A name given to the resource Michinemackinong Pow Wow, September 1983 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1983-09 Description An account of the resource Michinemackinong Pow Wow flyer, St. Ignace MI, September 23-25, 1983, collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0cdea09ff828d8c4dbd596f897d02b6f.pdf 03085d718c273cdec5680b3bd86d935d PDF Text Text :wow Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians Traditional Pow-Wow Located at the Marquette Mission Park and Museum of Ojibwa Culture St. Ignace, Michigan September 5-6, 1987 Friday Saturday Sunday Performing as: Admission Trader Fee Concession Fee Awards Restrictions 3 p.m. to 11 p.m. Setup & Registration 10 a.m. to noon. Setup & Registration 12:30 p.m. Blessing of Grounds, Ceremonial Fire 1 p.m. Grand Entry. 1 p.m. to 4 p.m. Dance 5 p.m. Participants' Feast 7 p.m. to dusk. Drumming & Dance Sales tables open 10 a.m. to 10 p.m. 1 p.m. Grand Entry. 1 p.m. to 4 p.m. Dance 4 p.m. Closing Sales tables open 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Master of Ceremonies, Bucko Teeple Host Drum, The N~yv Life Singers Head Male Dancer, Wilfred Trudeau Head Female Dancer, Arlene Kashata Adults - $3, Children - $1.50, Family- $10 (Good for both days) Elderly, Handicapped, Children under 5- Free $20 per day, $30 both days $25 per day, $40 both days (limited electricity and camping for participants. Security.) Drum money to second and third drums. All monetary awards at Pow-Wow Committee discretion. Indian Crafts only. Absolutely no drugs or alcohol in Pow-Wow or camping areas. Public Welcome For more information, contact Darlene Heckman at (906) 643-8002 or the St. Ignace Tribal Office at 643-8689. �Grand Rapids Inter-tribal 45 Lexington St, N.W, Grand Rapids MI 49504 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_michinemackinong-pow-wow_1987-08 Title A name given to the resource Michinemackinong Pow Wow, September 1987 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1987-09 Description An account of the resource Michinemackinong Pow Wow flyer, St. Ignace MI, September 5-6, 1987, collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/05e22bae18c1fb794aa9b4aca8aa08b8.pdf 3cc1344c12f6fe1e124a84ee3cac4066 PDF Text Text Microbes, Apples, Buttons and Bibles A Dissertation on the Nature of a Mathematical System Article by Richard A. Rhem Student Western Theological Seminary Holland, Michigan The Ventilator (Published fortnightly for the Students of Western Theological Seminary) March 27, 1958 There are questions which loom large in one’s mind as he stops to contemplate the nature of truth and the question of epistemology. Much has been written in this area and there has been considerable interest from the standpoint of theology. For example, questions involving proofs for the existence of God, the noetic effects of sin, antithesis theology and indeed constructing a Christian Philosophy of Education all concern themselves with the nature of truth and the capacity of man to attain it. There has appeared much bombast and blunder from both the Christian point of view and the non-Christian perspective. We claim no authority in the field, nor originality; however, interest has caused us to investigate a very small area of human knowledge and seek to discern its nature. Let us consider the nature of mathematical truth. Is this “purest of the sciences” based upon self-evident truth, eternal principles with creation, or empirical data? Down through the history of thought all of these answers have been given. Probably the earliest answer to this question was that the truth of mathematics rests upon self-evident truth in contrast to the hypothesis of empirical science. Truths of mathematics demand no empirical verification because they are in another realm - everyone accepts their truth because any questioning of simple mathematical facts would be absurd. 2 + 2 = 4. What foolhardy person could deny it? As this science came into the modern critical era, however, such a vague foundational basis was hardly satisfactory. There was a sense of restlessness and a cloud hung low over the science. As dissatisfaction grew, a retreat was made from this once dogmatically asserted position to a more defensible ground holding that mathematics is the most general science. John Stuart Mill held that mathematics is an empirical science which differs from the other branches of empirical endeavor in two ways: its subject matter is more general and its testability and confirmation are higher. Because the experience of every succeeding generation adds overwhelming © Grand Valley State University   �Microbes, Apples, Buttons and Bibles Richard A. Rhem Page 2   confirmation to the truth of mathematics, we have come to consider its theorems as qualitatively different from those for example of biology, but they are not. At this point let me add that those who hold that 2 + 2 = 4 is true because the creator has so endowed the creation with a system and an order and this statement of mathematics conforms to that order, must be grouped with the above who hold to an empirical basis for mathematical truth. It can be stated differently as follows: God created the universe in an orderly fashion and as we reverently contemplate his revelation in nature we are able to discern these eternal principles or order of which mathematical principles are an important group. VanTil would therefore say that there is a Christian mathematics. The regenerate will look differently at mathematics than the unregenerate who looks through colored glasses cemented to his face and therefore cannot see that these principles are innate in the created order finding their source in the Creator. With all due respect to the reality of the antithesis as an ultimate principle, we would like to examine this view of the source or foundation of mathematical truth. Does it rest upon an empirical base or not? In pursuit of our answer we will follow Carl Hempel in his essay “On the Nature of Mathematical Truth” which appears in Readings in the Philosophy of Science, Feigl & Brodbeck. Take a typical example of an empirical hypothesis such as Newton’s law of gravitation. From this hypothesis we make predictions – under conditions “a” result “b” will follow. When in actual fact we experience the fulfillment of this hypothesis, i.e., when we see conditions “a” followed by results “b”, we say the hypothesis is confirmed. Continual confirmation causes the hypothesis to take on the status of law. However, suppose we find conditions “a” followed not by the results “b” but results “c”, we say, the hypothesis is disconfirmed. If repeatedly conditions “a” are not followed by results “b” as was originally hypothesized, we throw out the hypothesis and set out to discover the results of conditions “a” anew. This is the hypothetical deductive method of modern science. Now let us move into the realm of mathematics. We hypothesize that 3+2 = 5. “If this is actually an empirical generalization of past experiences, then it must be possible to state what kind of evidence would oblige us to concede the hypothesis was not generally true after all.” (p. 149) But this we never find in the area of mathematics. Take the following example which Hempel gives: “We place some microbes on a slide, putting down first three of them and then another two. Afterwards we count all the microbes to test whether in this instance 3 and 2 actually added up to 5. Suppose now that we counted 6 microbes altogether. Would we consider this as an empirical disconfirmation of the given proposition, or at least as a proof that it does not apply to microbes? Clearly not; rather we would assume we had made a mistake in counting or that one of the microbes had split in two between the first and second count. But under no circumstances could the © Grand Valley State University �Microbes, Apples, Buttons and Bibles Richard A. Rhem Page 3   phenomenon just described invalidate the arithmetical proposition in question, for the latter asserts nothing whatever about the behavior of microbes; it merely states that any set consisting of 3 + 2 objects may also be said to consist of 5 objects. And this is so because the symbols “3 + 2” and “5” denote the same number. They are synonymous by virtue of the fact that the symbols “2”, “3”, “5” and “+” are defined (or tacitly understood) in such a way that the above identity holds as a consequence of the meaning attached to the concepts involved in it. The statement that 3 + 2 = 5, then, is true for similar reasons as, say, the assertion that no sexagenarian is 45 years of age. Both are true simply by virtue of definitions or of similar stipulations which determine the meaning of the key terms involved.” (p. 150) Thus we see that there need be no empirical validation for this statement for the fact that the symbols “3” and “2” added together equal the symbol “5” is true whether or not there are any objects such as apples or buttons or microbes to which to attach the symbols. Indeed we see the mathematical statement 3 + 2 = 5 to be devoid of all empirical content as it stands in itself. Such a statement is called a true a priori or an analytic statement, thus indicating “that their truth is logically independent of or logically prior to any experiential evidence.” (p. 150) The above assertions may fall upon deaf ears because one might object that the very method of teaching arithmetic is through empirical objects. The child is not taught 3 + 2 = 5, but rather 3 apples plus 2 apples equals 5 apples. Therefore one might conclude that the empirical data used in teaching is an integral part of the system. However, we would counter that this is to confuse the logical and the psychological basis. Psychologically speaking there may be an empirical basis for arithmetic but as the mind matures the apples are dropped and one thinks abstractly, 3+2 = 5. The fact that 3 + 2 = 5 does not stand in need of empirical validation is because it is a logical statement concerned with manipulating symbols. The analytic statement does not convey factual information. The example used above that no sexagenarian is 45 years of age is an example of this. This statement cannot in any way conflict with any factual data – it conveys no information. It is true simply because its key terms are defined in a certain way. We might further buttress our position by referring to geometry. That a straight line is the shortest distance between two points was always thought to be selfevident and also it could be demonstrated. Again, however, scholars were not satisfied and finally had to realize that Euclidian Geometry which had always been considered to be a picture of reality as it is, was seen to be but one of many possible pictures of space. Riemann constructed other systems logically consistent and capable of explanation. Here again a discipline had to be purged of empirical content and realize it was dealing with pure relations. Coming back to mathematics: is there Christian mathematics? We hardly think so. Mathematics is a logical system, a purely relational discipline, a manipulation © Grand Valley State University �Microbes, Apples, Buttons and Bibles Richard A. Rhem Page 4   of symbols which are given definitions and which function as a tool which is applied to empirical content but which itself is devoid of content. How to pour Christian content into second grade arithmetic? Substitute Bibles for apples. © Grand Valley State University � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard A. Rhem Collection Description An account of the resource Text and sound recordings of the sermons, prayers, services, and articles of Richard Rhem, pastor emeritus of Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, Michigan, where he served for 37 years. Starting in the mid 1980's, Rhem began to question some of the traditional Christian dogma that he had been espousing from the pulpit. That questioning was a first step in a long and interesting spiritual journey, one that he openly shared with his congregation. His journey is important, in part because it is reflective of the questioning, the yearnings, and the gradual revision of beliefs that many persons in this part of the century have experienced and continue to experience. It is important also because of the affirming and inclusive way his questioning was done and his thinking evolved. His sermons and other written and spoken materials together document the steps in his journey as it took a turn in 1985, yet continued to revolve around the framework and liturgies of the Christian calendar. Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Religion Interfaith worship Sermons Sound Recordings Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rhem, Richard A. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/514">Richard A. Rhem papers (KII-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kaufman Interfaith Institute Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-2014 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 text/pdf Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RA-4-19580327 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1958-03-27 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Title A name given to the resource Microbes, Apples, Buttons and Bibles, A Dissertation on the Nature of a Mathematical System Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Ventilator, Western theological Seminary Student Paper Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richard A. Rhem Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource eng Description An account of the resource Article created, delivered, or published by Richard A. Rhem (Dick) on March 27, 1958 entitled "Microbes, Apples, Buttons and Bibles, A Dissertation on the Nature of a Mathematical System", it appeared in The Ventilator, Western Theological Seminary student paper. Tags: Logical Thinking, Nature of Truth. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Logical Thinking Nature of Truth https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/5fc9d8b14d34648e5f1410728d6e7a04.jpg 5d8626bea3228ad2fabef13fb263a0fa Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_L068-0043 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1971-05-02 Title A name given to the resource Mid-America Canoe Race, St. Charles, Illinois Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of the Mid-America Canoe Race held in St. Charles, Illinois. In the photograph, a man is standing in the doorway of the registration trailer for the race, with an American flag and a sign that reads, "Register Here and Then Pick Up Your Number," posted next to him. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Saint Charles (Ill.) Canoe racing--Illinois Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/2544b321473efd507f33846e3268b50e.jpg dbe0318102103221095ae0b741280880 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_L069-0006 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1971-05-02 Title A name given to the resource Mid-America Canoe Race, St. Charles, Illinois Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of a group of canoes competing in the Mid-America Canoe Race held in St. Charles, Illinois. In the photograph, seven two-passenger canoes are seen coasting along the Fox River in Illinois. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Saint Charles (Ill.) Canoes and canoeing--Illinois Canoe racing--Illinois Rivers--Illinois Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/f3efe7de8d4bc1252df28726b331f75a.jpg da1d000620afa1afcb8979abdeb2863d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_L069-0010 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1971-05-02 Title A name given to the resource Mid-America Canoe Race, St. Charles, Illinois Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of the Mid-America Canoe Race held in St. Charles, Illinois. In the photograph, a group of people are gathered around the rear doors of a passenger van at the event, while a crowd of other spectators are gathered along the river in the background. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Saint Charles (Ill.) Canoe racing--Illinois Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/bcde22ee865a9c1fb4232c1fc5d85619.jpg e2655a54f9107b46b0aa46474f9793c9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_L069-0026 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1971-05-02 Title A name given to the resource Mid-America Canoe Race, St. Charles, Illinois Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of the Mid-America Canoe Race held in St. Charles, Illinois. In the photograph, a young boy wearing a Chicago Cubs jacket is standing in the foreground among a group of empty canoes awaiting the race while parked on a riverside lawn. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Saint Charles (Ill.) Canoes and canoeing--Illinois Canoe racing--Illinois Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/498b627c37f356900f41fde23f0909b8.pdf 9950865ddc97f8fcd984158baae42904 PDF Text Text ID• a ·.:::. MARCH 14--15, 1_9 81 LOCATION: DO'UGLAS UNION f-lALL ·BRONSON Ml. EVERYONE WELCOME! ************************************************** 3 Dances {2 Sat.-1 San.) ~rum-The Great Take Singers Traders Welcome! Limited Booth Space, 'll'irst Coae\ 1l'irst Serve (No Camping ~aoilities} Traditional Gathering-Wo Contest Dance For •ore In~ormation Call or Write: Colleen Wagner 5342 Ethel st. Brighton, Vich. 313-227-2050 or Beverly Stein 812 'R'uff11an st. ~ort Wayne, Ind. 219-433-6653 ----..JJ ~---( CJ=f n ~~ ~~::J.C~~~---~~~-"=A71Jsru~,s l ~f,n~gr~d by Nottaweippe Baad ·of Potawatomi HO DRUGS - NO ALCOHOL PLEASE\ �.J'fl.-S'l,:fi, ·."<i:( er:~~ . .3~~ ~ ~/_s~ ~le} ~~'•h .r ~ '-« ,_._,,.,,~ / "" -;? c-:#-7 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_mid-winter-pow-wow_1981-03 Title A name given to the resource Mid-Winter Pow-Wow, March 1981 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1981-03 Description An account of the resource Mid-Winter Pow-Wow flyer, Bronson MI, March 14-15, 1981, collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Nottawsippe Band of Potawatomi Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/72fd6cc780d1c4d7ced9602d9388924e.jpg b856fb26e5c493758a28385ab4402a51 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert H. Merrill photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909/1950 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-222 Description An account of the resource Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Merrill_EastmanAlbum_3_1911-1915_85 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1915-08-08 Title A name given to the resource Middleburg Trip, Wood Bridge Fox Creek Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of two people standing on a wood bridge at Fox Creek. Taken by Robert Merrill on a trip to Middleburgh, New York. Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Middleburgh (N.Y.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0cac399a579e67d80918e81014d9bdba.jpg 7c72bf92aa4ddfd08a1ac068c93ee44e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert H. Merrill photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909/1950 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-222 Description An account of the resource Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Merrill_EastmanAlbum_3_1911-1915_85-2 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1915-08-08 Title A name given to the resource Middleburg Trip, Wood Bridge Fox Creek Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of a wooden covered bridge at Fox Creek. Taken by Robert Merrill on a trip to Middleburgh, New York. A car can be seen at the bridge opening. Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Middleburgh (N.Y.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/cf81a0870af6ee9972892804fe4717c5.pdf 7d90d95a42dbbad7d03e0358f9c063de PDF Text Text MIDLAND COUNTY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I �• • • • • • • • --II MIDLAND COUNTY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ~ II II Prepared by the Midland County Planning Co1T1Tiission with the assistance of the Department of County Development 11111 11111 11111 and The WBDC Group Consultants 11111 ~ ~ July 1987 �I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I MIDLAND COUNTY PLANNING COMMISSION Jill s. Gallihugh, Chairperson Dale C. Bement Ann M. Dever Barbara J. Elliott Anita M. Frye A.M. Gegenheimer Charles D. Henderson John F. Henricks Barbara Plantz-Humpert E. Barbara Schoenherr Rosemary A. Urban DEPARTMENT OF COUNTY DEVELOPMENT Richard A. Maltby, Director of Planning Lois A. Thomas, Secretary THE WBDC GROUP. CONSULTANTS �I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I =-==- - MIDLAND COUNTY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN This report was adopted by the Midland County Planning Commission on July 22, 1987 in accordance with the County Planning Act, No. 282 of 1945, as amended. Mi u y erson mission �I I· I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE LI ST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES PREFACE ix xi xii PLAN PURPOSE HISTORICAL SETTING PHYSICAL PROFILE GEOPHYSICAL FEATURES Geology Topography Floodplains Water Features Wetlands Soils 1 3 5 5 5 5 6 6 7 8 Class A - Slight Development Limitations: Class B - Restrictive Development Limitations: Class C - Significant Development Limitations: Non-evaluated Urban Areas: Soil Erosion FARMLANDS Prime Farmlands Unique Farmlands Farmland Preservation Forest Resources ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Water Qua 1ity Groundwater: Surface Water: Environmen t al Contamination Sites Air Quality HISTORIC SITES SOCIOECONOMIC PROFILE i 8 8 8 9 9 11 11 11 12 13 14 14 14 15 16 18 20 33 �I I I I I I I I II I I II II II II II II II I PAGE DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE Population Characteristics Population Projections Scenario-based: Trend Line: Cohort-Component: Comparative Projections HOUSING PROF I LE Housing Goals Housing Development Characteristics Housing Quality Standard: Deteriorating: Substandard: ECONOMIC PROFILE Labor Force Characteristics Occupational Characteristics Income by Jurisdiction Employment Projections Future Economic Development Development Strategy: Tourism: Sport Fishing: Development Issues: Future Labor Force: Industrial Siting: Constraints Utilities: Transportation: Income Projections PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT RELATIONSHIPS ii 33 33 37 37 37 37 39 48 48 49 50 50 50 50 55 55 56 56 56 63 63 64 65 65 66 67 68 68 68 69 70 �I I I I I II II I I I I I - PAGE STATE OF MICHIGAN PLANS Recreation Michigan Recreation Plan: Michigan Recreation Action Program: Michigan Trails Systems Plan: Transportation Michigan State Transportation Plan: Michigan Highway and Non-Motorized Needs: Michigan State Airport System Plan: Michigan Scheduled Air Service Study: Michigan's Transportation Needs: Michigan Railroad Plan: Natural Resources and Environment Michigan's Forest Resources: Michigan's Oil and Gas Fields: Michigan Solid Waste Management Plan: REGIONAL PLANS Adjacent Counties East Central Michigan Planning and Development Region Bicycle Plan: Overall Economic Development Program: LOCAL GOVERNMENT PLANS Municipal Goals and Policies Agricultural: Residential: Corrmercial: Industrial: Recreational: Environmental: Future Land Use Composition TRANSPORTATION TRAFF IC Major Thoroughfares State Trunklines: County Primary: County Local: iii 70 70 70 70 71 72 72 72 72 72 73 73 73 73 74 74 75 75 75 75 75 76 76 77 77 77 78 78 78 78 81 81 81 81 82 82 �I I I I I I -I -II • • PAGE HIGHWAY ANO STREET CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM (PROPOSED) Rural Major Arterials Rural Minor Arterials Rural Major Collectors Rural Minor Collectors Local Streets SYSTEM IMPROVEMENTS 83 84 84 84 85 85 Homer Road Bridge 85 85 West Midland North-South Corridor Alignment Study Eastman Road 85 Completion of the U.S. 10/B.R. 10 Interchange Magruder Connector Salzhurg Road Improvement Related Plans and Programs Traffic Count Programs: Sign Inventory Program: Non-motorized Trail Plan: Corridor Studies: PURLI C TRANS IT RAIL AIR ,Jack Ra rs tow Airport Tri-City Airport COMMUNITY FACILITIES IJTILITIES AND SERVICES Sanitary Sewer Water 86 86 86 86 86 87 87 87 87 87 87 89 89 89 93 93 93 93 Solid Waste Management Waste Generation: Waste Collection: Wastf> Oi sposal: 94 94 95 95 Prohlems with Existing Solid Waste Facilities: Prohlems with Existing Solid Waste Management Practices: Future Oirection: Drains iv 97 98 99 99 �I I I I I -I • • • • • • • PAGE RECREATION 102 Existing County Park Facilities and Activities Future County Park and Recreation Needs PUBLIC AND QUASI-PUBLIC FACILITIES County Government Services Midland County Courthouse Other County Offices: City/Village/Township Halls Libraries Grace A. Dow Memorial Library: Coleman Library: Medical and Emergency Facilities Emergency Medical Services: Department of Emergency Services: Midland Hospital Center: Midland County Fairground Educational Facilities Public Schools: Delta Co 11 ege: Northwood Institute: Regina Center: Michigan Molecular Institute: Great Lakes Junior College: Community Centers Midland Community Center: Mills Community Center: West Midland Community Center: Midland Center for the Arts Senior Citizens Centers Midland County Council on Aging (New Facility): Coleman Senior Services Center: Sanford Senior Citizens Center: Museums Chippewa Nature Center: Sanford Museum: 102 103 105 105 105 106 107 108 108 108 109 109 109 109 110 111 111 111 112 112 112 113 114 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 117 117 117 Midland County Historical Museum: V 118 �I. I I I I II II -II II • • • • • •Ill PAGE COUNTY FACILITIES Pinecrest Home Harbour House Horizon House Department of Animal Control Midland County Mosquito Control Facility Sheriff Department Emergency Services Building Midland County Road Commission Midland County Jail Central Vehicle Maintenance Facility HOUSING HOUSING PROGRAMS FUTURE HOUSING NEEDS LAND USE EXISTING LAND USE LAND USE ACREAGE NEEDS (PROJECTED) Residential Acreage Requirements Commercial Acreage Requirements Industrial Acreage Requirements Recreational Acreage Requirements COMPREHENSIVE PLAN Agricultural Land Resident i a1 Land Rural Residential: Residential: Commercial Land Community Commercial: Regional Commercial: Industrial Land Public Land River Corridor Streets and Highways ISSUES, GOALS, POLICIES AND ACTIONS vi 119 119 119 120 121 121 121 122 123 123 133 133 134 136 136 138 138 138 138 138 143 143 143 143 144 144 144 145 146 147 14 7 147 148 �I I I I -I I • • • • • • ~ PAGE HOUSING Affordable Housing Preservation of Housing Mobile Home and Modular Home Regulations Elderly Housing Needs County Housing Planning TRANSPORTATION Traffic Data North-South Circulation Public Transit M-20 and Saginaw Road Corridor Development County Highway Planning Bicycle and Pedestrian Trafficways COMMUNITY FACILITIES Midland Urban Growth Area (MUGA) Policy Historic Sites, Identification and Preservation Consolidation of Public Services County Offices Recreational Funding for Property Acquisition and Facility Development Meeting Recreational Needs: Resident versus Tourist Solid Waste Resource Recovery and Disposal County Drains Adaptive Reuse of Schools Planning of County Government Facilities Water Supply Without Consideration of Public Sewers LAND USE Random Development Resulting From Poor Soils Location of Industrial and Commercial Development Floodplain Development Land Use Compatibility Between Governmental Units Regional Commercial Center Location vii 149 149 149 150 151 152 152 152 153 154 154 155 156 157 157 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 163 164 165 166 166 166 167 168 168 �I I II II II II II II II II II • • • • • • • • PAGE Economic Development Sites Prime Farmland Preservation Conflicts between Residential/ Non-residential Development Residential Development in Non-Utility Areas Soil Erosion GENERAL PLANNING Urban Amenities in Rural Locations Private Sewage Systems Midland Urban Growth Area (MUGA) Policy Air Pollution Control Stream System Use Midland County Economic Development Strategy Economic Diversification Coordinated Management of County Offices Planning Effort By Local Governmental Units Groundwater Protection IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMS vi ii 169 170 170 171 172 173 173 173 174 175 175 176 177 177 178 179 180 �I • • • • • • • • • • • • • TABLES TABLE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 PAGE Annual Erosion - 1982, Midland County Historic Sites, Midland County 1980 Population by Jurisdiction, Midland County 1980 Population by Age and Sex, Midland County 1980 AgefSex Distribution by Jurisdiction Allocated Population Projections, Midland County Population Distribution by Jurisdiction (Percentage), Midland County Population Projections by Race, Midland County Population Projections by Age, Midland County Population Projections by Age (Males) Population Projections by Age (Females) Household Projections by Jurisdiction, Midland County Housing Age by Percent of Total Housing, Midland County Housing Quality by Jurisdiction 1978-79, Midland County Factors Determining Housing Quality, Midland County Labor Force Characteristics, Midland County Employment by Industry - Historical, Midland County Employment by Occupations 1980, Midland County Income by Jurisdiction - 1979, Midland County Scenario-based Employment Projections, Midland County Allocated Employment Projections, Midland County Midland County Per Capita, Family and Household Income Projections Closed Dumps in Midland County Midland County Approved 641 Solid Waste Management Plan County Recreational Acreage Neects Fire Protection Coverage, Midland County Midland County and Municipal Major Parks and Recreation Areas Community Facilities, Midland County Projected Housing Need by Jurisdiction, Midland County ix 10 31 34 35 36 40 42 43 44 45 46 47 52 53 54 57 58 59 60 61 62 69 100 101 103 124 127 129 135 �I I II • • • • • • • • • • •II II II II Ill TABLES, continued PAGE TABLE 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 Existing Land Use (Acres), Midland County Residential Acreage Requirements (low & High Density) Commercial Acreage Requirements (Per Capita) Co11111ercial Acreage Requirements Industrial Acreage Requirements (Per Capita) Industrial Acreage Requirements Service/Assistance Projects, Midland County Plans and Reports Capital Needs, Midland County X 137 139 140 140 141 142 181 183 186 �I -I I II II II • • • • •Ill FIGURES PAGE FIGURE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Topography and Floodplains Map Drainage Basins Map Soil Suitability Map Important Farmlands Map Oil and Gas Well Locations Map Environmental Contamination Sites Map Historic Sites Map Midland County Population Projections Future Land Use Composition Map (Local Units) Existing Street and Highway Functional Classification System Map Proposed Street and Highway Functional Classification System Map Utility Service Area Map Solid Waste Disposal Sites Map County and Municipal Major Parks and Recreational Areas Map Community Facilities Map Public School Districts and Facilities Map Comprehensive Plan Map Ill II II II II • xi 25 26 27 28 29 30 32 41 80 91 92 125 126 128 131 132 189 �I I I • • • • • • -Ill PREFACE In July 1985 the Midland County Planning Commission undertook the task of updating the County's 1974 General Development Plan. This task necessitated first formulating a detailed work program and securing the services of a professional planning consulting firm to assist the Commission in preparing a new comprehensive plan one that would serve to update the County's twelve-year old adopted General Development Plan as well as address new and recurring planning and development issues. The Midland County Department of County Development provided guidance to the Planning Commission in this endeavor and assisted in giving technical advice. The preparation of the County Comprehensive Plan, as it is described in this report, involved extensive data gathering and analysis, interviews with County department heads and key agency directors, survey questionnaires, and meetings with municipal and county officials on local planning. The Comprehensive Plan is an integrated plan of four planning elements: Transportation, Community Facilities, Housing and Land Use. All of these elements were addressed in the 1974 General Development Plan, however, based on the extensive investigation of countywide problems and issues during this planning update period, special consideration was given to each of the planning elements by either adding or strengthening certain features. For instance, the need to address countywide public transit was added to the Transportation planning element; considerable public and quasi-public facilities and services were addressed in the Community Facilities planning element; housing rehabilitation and housing needs were described in the Housing planning element; and an emphasis on farmland preservation and river corridor protection was made in the land use planning element. Lastly, a new aspect of countywide planning was introduced -- that of presenting issues of countywide concern and establishing goals, policies, and courses of action to address each issue. importance were identified. In all, forty-two issues of countywide The accomplishment of preparing a proposed Comprehensive Plan would not have been possible if it were not for the cooperation of many individuals. The Midland County Planning Commission would like to thank those who contributed to this effort and provided information to both the consultants, The WBDC Group, and staff of the Department of County Development. Special thanks is given to the municipal, county and state officials who directly and informatively participated in the planning process. xii �I I I I II II • • • PLAN PURPOSE The Comprehensive Plan for Midland County is authorized by the County Planning Act The broad purposes of the Comprehensive Plan are: I. To address the long-term physical developmental needs of the county. 2. To address the 1ong-term environmental and preservation issues facing the county • 3. To address both short-term and long-term solutions and action programs for implementing plan proposals • 4. To coordinate urban and rural development in the county based on significant natural features, countywide goals and policies, needs and priorities, projections and planned utilities, community facilities, and thoroughfares. In addition to these, the Comprehensive Plan also serves to facilitate the following: 1. The Plan provides a planning context within which local units of government may operate. It is the intent of this Plan to provide for the coordination of development within the various townships, cities and village in the county. 2. The Pl an provides an information base from which other plans may draw. This a 11 ows any agency or unit of government to use this information to evaluate their own planning efforts. 3. To remove as much uncertainty as possible from the development process • Ill (Public Act 282 of 1945, as amended). within Midland County and thereby facilitate optimum locational decisions on the part of all community sectors (developers, businesses, industries), as well as the respective local governments. Ill Ill - 1 - �I I II II II II • • • • •Ill Ill Ill Ill 4. The Plan considers the cumulative impact of local. regional and state plans existing as of the completion of the Plan. This information should be valuable to each agency or unit of government in their individual planning efforts by providing a means by which land use, facility and other needs might be evaluated. 5. The Plan acts as a framework for discussion and resolution of specific issues, such as economic development site selection and utility planning. While the Plan will not, in and of itself, provide specific solutions, it will provide at least some of the information required to reach a decision. 6. The Plan offers continuity in terms of direction of Midland County's future growth through successive County administrations • - 2 - �1· I I • • - 1111 HISTORICAL SETTING Prior to 1837, when permanent settlers first began to live in Midland County, the area was a center for Indian travel. From the mi d-1600s to the early 1800s the Chippewa, Ottawa and Potawatomi Indians hunted and fished in the county. In 1819 the Federal government established the Chippewa Indian Reservation at Little Forks, now commonly ref erred to as th_e Tri dge area. The Tittabawassee and Chippewa Rivers, which join in what is now the City of Midland, were major "highways" through the dense woods which dominated the area. In fact, a large number of archaeological sites have been identified along these rivers. The Oxbow Archaeological District is listed in the National Register of Historic Places and the Little FQrks Archaeological District has been determined to be eligible for listing. These Districts are southwest of Midland. Of these Districts the State Archaeologist of the Michigan History Division of the Michigan Department of State has indicated that "(A)rchaeologists have not yet surveyed most of these rivers, but wherever they have looked, they have found prehistoric sites." (Letter from John R. Halsey, March 24, 1983). In 1837 the first State Geologist, Douglas Houghton, at the direction of the State Legislature, began searching for salt, which was then being imported from New York. The first discovery was made at the mouth of the Salt Creek, near the current site of Sanford. By that time sett 1ers had begun arriving, at the urging of Dr. Dani el Fitzhugh, a New York investor who had bought 700 acres at the current site of the City of Midland. From 1850, when Midland County was first organized, the logging industry dominated the area. But the massive clearing of stands of trees soon exhausted the lumber operations and by 1890 the City of Midland was threatened by extinction. However, in that year, Herbert Henry Dow, an engineer from Ohio, began capturing bromine from local salt wells, which were first sunk in 1878 by lumbermen. - 3 - �,. -Ill Ill II II • - From that beginning the Dow Chemical Company. based still in the City of Midland. has expanded and now dominates the economy of the County. Accordingly the development of modern Midland County is concentrated in the areas adjdcent to Midland. Part of Midland County's heritage is highlighted in the Historic Sites table in the Physical Profile section. This table indicates those sites/buildings of significance to _the history of Midland County. Additional information was collected in a systematic reconnaissance level survey of historic buildings and presented in the East Central Historic and Architectural Resources Survey phase III final report (1979). Information on historic sites is far from complete. Local officials and project developers are advised to discuss their pl ans and projects with historians if they suspect any negative affects on historic sites or buildings. The historical organizations that should be contacted are: Bureau of History of the Michigan Department of State; Midland County Historical Society; and Midland Historic District Commission. - 4 - �1111 " "Ill Ill 1111 1111 Ill Ill Ill Ill Ill Ill Ill Ill PHYSICAL PROFILE The physical make-up of Midland County helped shape its history and will continue to influence its direction in the future. The rivers, forests and farmlands are important assets to the economic vitality and quality of life in Midland County. This section examines the importance of those physical features and the impacts of sensitive environmental surroundings. Community awareness and understanding of these conditions will help maintain the quality of life for future generations. GEOPHYSICAL FEATURES Geology The geologic history of Midland County, as in the rest of Michigan, is dominated by the influence of glacial action, and of ancient seas. Rock formations of gypsum, dolomite (a limestone or marble rich in magnesium carbonate), sandstone, limestone and shale to a depth of 450 feet are covered with a variety of glacial deposits, called drift. When the last continental glacier receded, Lake Saginaw, a shallow pond-like lake covered • It is the combination of glacial drift deposited in low areas and wave action from the lake which accounts for the sand ridges (former beaches) and the lack of topographic relief in the county. Drainage from this area to Lake Huron and Saginaw Bay accounts for the rivers and their tributaries. Topography As noted above, the county 100 feet from one side of indicates a shallow valley 1and generally rises from Topography and Floodplains ( Figure 1). has a flat profile with topographic changes of about the county to the other. The topographic profile generally following the Tittabawassee River. The that basin out to the edges of the county. The map illustrates the lack of relief in the county - 5 - �• •II -II -II II " "II II - Floodplains The only identified floodplain, as acknowledged by the Federal Emergency Management Agency, is in the City of Midland. Studied in detail was the Tittabawassee River, Chippewa River, Sturgeon Creek, Inman Orai n and Snake - Creek. The area involved lies around the confluence of the Tittabawassee and Chippewa rivers on the southwest side of Midland. This floodplain area, as well as flood prone areas are noted on the Topography and Floodplains map. According to gauges placed on each of these rivers, the highest recorded water flows were in 1916, 1948, and 1986. While the water flows in 1916 and 1948 equate to just under the predicted 50-year flood level for the Tittabawassee River, water flow in 1986 exceeded the 100-year flood level. The 100-year flood plain is the measure used to gauge flood risk. The definition of the 100-year flood is that flood level which has a one percent chance of being reached in any given year. Flood prone areas are those subject · to the same flooding potential but are not defined precisely as to flood levels. Water Features The most significant water features in the county are the Tittabawassee, Chippewa, Pine and Salt Rivers and Sanford and Wixom Lakes. The principal value of these water features is for scenic and recreational use, with some agricultural and industrial applications. There are three dams in the county: Dow Chemical Company's dam on the Tittabawassee River and Wolverine Power Corporation• s dams at Sanford and Wixom Lakes. The Tittabawassee River is a noted sports fisheries resource possessing a sizeable walleye population. In the history of the county the rivers were especially important transportation routes, creating a number of significant historic areas. Indians and early settlers relied heavily on these routes, as did logging activities in later years. The report entitled Midland County River Corridor Study identifies the historic, natural and recreational attributes of the river corridors. Other plans and activities are under development to take advantage of the scenic and recreational value of the rivers. - 6 - �II II Ill Ill Ill II I.I II II Sanford and Wixom Lakes have significant recreati'onal use as well as substantial residential development on their peripheries. Wetlands - Regulation of wetland areas is through the Michigan Department of Natural Resources. Wetland resources are important in recharging groundwater and filtering surface waters by trapping impurities. They also serve as wildlife habitats. Determination of wetlands is accomplished through the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) on a site by site basis. The Existing Land Use map, which is on fi 1e at the Midland County Department of County Development, indicates the areas designated by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources as being a type of wetland. These areas comprise approximately 3.6 percent of the total County land area. The Kawkawlin Wildlife Flooding and Refuge Area in Mills Township is one of the County's largest wetlands. Ill Ill Ill -II II II -- - 7 - �, II II II -Ill Ill Ill Ill Ill - " "- Soils The latest available soils information is from the report entitled Soil Survey of Midland County, completed in 1979 by the U.S. Department of Agriculture 1 s Soil Conservation Service. Included in this report is a generalized description of various soil types and restrictions. To make this information useful, various soil types and slope conditions have been consolidated into a development context. Three development classifications have been used and are mapped under the title "Soil Suitability. 11 This term has been used to emphasize the importance of soi 1 content and structure in determining the abi 1 ity of the soil to absorb development without wholesale replacement. A generalized indication of such areas is shown on Figure 3, the Soil Suitability map. Class A - Slight Development Limitations: Few areas of the county are totally free of any development limitations. This is due primarily to the high water characteristics found in much of the county. table and poor drainage Cl ass A defines those areas where soil types and conditions present only slight limitations on building and site development. Class B - Restrictive Development Limitations: The Class B areas define soil types and conditions that present development limitations that require treatment. This may include areas of topographic relief, poor drainage, high water tables or other factors that may require corrective measures. Class C - Significant Development Limitations: These areas include muck soils, severe slopes or other conditions that may require substantial extensive earthwork. treatment, such as deep soil base replacement or The environmental impact of development in these areas may also be substantial. - 8 - �II II II II II II II "II " "-II II Non-evaluated Urban Areas: The cities of Midland and Coleman and the Village of Sanford contain substantial areas of urban type soils. These are soils that have, over time, been disturbed or replaced to the extent that detailed evaluation and mapping is not possible. Soil Erosion A significant ~roblem in any community where agriculture forms a significant element of the economy is soil erosion. Each year Midland experiences a soil loss of 271,800 tons due to various forms of erosion (Table ). The majority of this loss (265,500 tons) is related to cropland. The Soil Conservation Service has identified a significant soil erosion problem in Porter Township in the south ha 1f of Sections 31, 32, and 33, all of 34 and 35 and all but the northeast quarter of section 36. Wind erosion is the most significant source of erosion causing an estimated soil loss of from 6. 7 to 15. 5 tons per acre per year in this area of Porter Township alone. This is caused by the lack of protection measures in existence and the sandy soil conditions prevel·ant in this location. The Soil Conservation Service has identified some soil conservation practices that could reduce soil loss. These practices include: conservation cropping system, conservation tillage system, cover and green manure crop, crop residue use, field borders and planting of field windbreaks. Although other areas of soil erosion exist in the county, the Soil Conservation Service is concentrating efforts in Porter Township. As other areas are identified, further contact and work in selected areas will be accomplished. As a preventative measure, the Midland County Road Commission administers the Soil Erosion and Sedimentation Control Act on behalf of the county. - 9 - �II II II II II II II Table 1 Annual Erosion - 1982, Midland County Land Use Erosion Source Tons Cropland: Wind Sheet/Ri 11 TOTAL 196,900 68,600 265,500 II 0 0 200 200 0 0 Forestland: 0 0 700 700 0 OTHER: Source: Wind Sheet/Rill TOTAL Wind 3,100 2,800 5,900 Soil Conservation Service 1982 Resource Inventory Midland County II ,-, " 2,400 800 3,200 Pastureland: Wind Sheet/Rill TOTAL II "II Tons/Acre - 10 - 0 200 200 400 �Ill Ill Ill Ill Ill II II II II -.. .. .. .. .. " " ", FARMLANDS Farming in Midland County is a significant part of the economy of the area. The 1982 Census of Agriculture indicates that there were 502 farms in operation at that time. The average farm size was 186 acres with a total of 93,299 acres in production; this equates to 27.8 percent of the total county land area. Current Soil Conservation Service (SCS) estimates indicate a total of 96,997 farmland acres. These have been divided into three classifications. Prime Farmland at 72,010 acres, Unique Farmland at 61 acres, and Additional Farmland of Local Importance at 24,926 acres. Prime and Unique Farmlands are described as follows: Prime Farmlands Prime farmland is land that has the best combination of physical and chemical characteristics for producing food, feed, forage, fiber and oil seed crops, and is also available for these uses. The land could be cropland, pastureland, rangeland, forestland, other land, but not urban built-up land or water. It has the soil quality, growing season, and moisture supply needed to economically produce sustained high yields of crops when treated and managed, including water management, according to acceptable farming methods. In general, prime farmlands have an adequate and dependable water supply from precipitation or irrigation, a favorable temperature and growing season, acceptable acidity or alkalinity, acceptable salt and sodium content, and few or no rocks. They are permeable to water and air. Prime farmlands are not excessively erodible or saturated with water for a long period of time, and they either do not flood frequently or are protected from flooding. Unique Farmlands Unique farmland is land other than prime farmland that is used for the production of specific high va 1 ue food and fiber crops. It has the speci a 1 combination of soil quality, location, growing season, and moisture supply needed to economically produce sustained high quality and high yields of a specific crop when treated and managed according to acceptable farming methods. Examples of such crops are specialized fruits and vegetables. - 11 - �Ill II II II II II II II II - " " " " " ', The previous Agricultural Census, completed in 1978, counted 524 farms covering 94,386 acres with an average farm size of 152 acres. This trend of larger farms is the same as that occurring nationally. At the same time these farming operations are becoming more productive. The average per farm market value of agricultural products sold was $19,826 in 1974 but increased to $26,879 in 1978. The type of activity conducted on farms was divided into two categories: crops and livestock, ~oultry and related products. Farms with crop production numbered 444; livestock farms numbered 206. Of the 524 farms in production 316 were owner operated, 174 were part owners and 34 were farming tenants. Farming was the principal occupation of 190 operators, or 36 percent of all operators. The remainder had some other occupation upon which they depended for their livelihood. The Important Farmlands map (Figure 4) indicates those areas which are most suitable, in terms of soil qualities, drainage, topography and related factors, for agricultural use. Farmland Preservation The State of Michigan has instituted programs for the preservation of existing agricultural land. One of the most significant programs available is Public Act 116 of 1974, the Farmland and Open Space Preservation Act. This program allows communities to designate parcels of land as either agricultural or open space and commits the property owners to a ten-year period when no development can take pl ace. In turn the property owner receives a tax credit based on income and is exempt from special assessments such as public water or sewerline construction assessments. Midland County makes extensive use of Act 116 as a preservation tool. Significant areas of land, amounting to approximately 44 percent of total farmlands have been designated under this program for preservation. The majority of the 116 lands are found in the southern one-third of the county. - 12 - �II II Ill Ill II II II II Ill Ill Forest Resources Midland County has 159,957 acres of forested lands. This represents 47.1 percent of the county's total land area. Major tree species include: .... ...... Northern Hardwood Aspen and Birch Lowland Hardwooqs . Aspen Predominates . Pine . . . . . . Lowland Conifers Managed Christmas Trees . .... ..... 18,484 17,033 36,165 85,314 2,903 12 acres acres acres acres acres acres 77 acres Commercial forestry is limited in the county, with slightly less than 500 acres enrolled in the state commercial forest preservation program. To protect forested lands, however, the County is currently admi ni steri ng a gypsy moth suppression program. This program will be continued with funding coming from a special mil 1age • .. .. Ill Ill , , , , , - 13 - �II II II II Ill Ill II Ill Ill ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Water Quality Groundwater: According to Michigan Department of Natural Resources statistics, about one-half of Michigan's residents, or about 4.5 million people, depend on groundwater as their sole source of drinking water. In Midland County nearly all of the area outside the City of Midland and Water District No. 1 depend on groundwater for domestic and business use. Protection of that groundwater, therefore, is a significant countywide concern. The City of Midland and Water District No. 1 are supplied with water from Saginaw Bay (White Stone Point) with treatment of the water at the Midland City water treatment plant. A number of potential activities could contribute to groundwater problems in the County. 1. Brine - There are significant underground brine or salt deposits in the County Which are adjacent to groundwater sources. 2. Brine Wells - As of 1986 all Dow Chemical Company brine well activity ceased operations with demolition and core filling of existing wells expected to be completed by December 1987. 3. Oil Wells - Although actual drilling operations are generally well protected from accidental groundwater contamination, the pumping and transporting of oil may create the opportunity for spillage and seepage into groundwater supplies. 4. Landfills - Testing of wells is necessary to ensure that protection measures constructed at the landfill site are intact. 5. Land Use - Some land uses, such as junkyards, closed dumps and gas stations may be potential contamination sites. Midland County also has a number of major chemical and petroleum facilities that, while adequately protected, are potential problem areas. - 14 - �Ill Ill Ill Ill Ill 6. One other significant aspect of this problem is the Midland Urban Growth Area Policy. It is implemented through the requirement that sewer service only be ext~nded to those areas which are annexed to the City of Midland. However, it is apparent that significant pressure for new growth and development will be forthcoming in the townships adjacent to the City of Midland. At the same time some degree of resistance to annexation is evident. Therefore, without proper vigilance or control by the townships new commercial, residential and industrial growth may take place without adequate long-term sewage disposal. 1111 1111 ,, , , , , Septic Systems - The general lack of sewer service outside the City of Midland requires reliance upon alternate sewage disposal service, principally septic tanks and fields. 7. Agricultural Uses - Improper use of fertilizers and herbicides/pesticides could create groundwater problems affecting large areas. The Michigan Department of Natural Resources has available informational and educational publications relating to groundwater. They have also identified activities and programs which may be conducted by local governments in a brochure entitled Local Roles in Groundwater Protection Management. No specific contamination problems have been locally identified. The Midland Health Department has groundwater sampling information available but not in a format which is easily recoverable or significant on a large area basis. Surface Water: Significant surface waters include the Pine, Chippewa, Salt and Tittabawassee Rivers and Sanford and Wixom Lakes. According to the Midland Health Department, information on water quality is limited, with the exception of a study conducted on Sanford Lake from 1975 to 1978. The Sanford Lake study principally dealt with dyetesting of individual on-site residential sewage disposal systems. The results of this study found that about 11 percent of the test sites were improperly disposing of wastes. - 15 - �Ill Ill Ill Ill -.. .. -, , , , Corrective measures were not undertaken directly but it was found that many residents were unaware of the problems they had created. In a number of instances problems had been caused by sewage systems constructed prior to the advent of modern public health regulations. Therefore these are non-conforming _ systems that should be eliminated over time. Potential activities which contribute to surface water pollution include: 1. Septic Systems - Homes adjacent to these water bodies may inadvertently dispose of wastes directly into the water • 2. Agricultural uses - This is perhaps the greatest single source of water pollution. Increased use of fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides combined with a lack of water run-off control can contribute significant amounts of pollutants to drains, creeks or rivers. 3. Land uses - Various commercial and industrial uses in scattered locations may dispose of wastes in drains or creeks which act as tributaries to the rivers. Industrial wastes particularly need to be treated prior to disposal. Environmental Contamination Sites No significant county pollution problems have been locally identified. However, the Michigan Environmental Response Act, Act 307 of 1982, requires the identification, risk assessment and priority evaluation of environmental contamination sites in the State. The Environmental Contamination Sites map describes these sites in Midland County (Figure 6). The Environmental Contamination Sites map indicates all of the sites ideptified in Midland County. Next to the dot indicating a site there are codes identifying the type of contamination (the top line) and the natural resource affected (the bottom line). The code labels are noted in the map legend. With regard to many of the brine spi 11 s, Dow Chemical Company is studying the spill sites and decontaminating them where necessary based on a consent agreement with the Michigan Department of Natural Resources. Dow Chemical - 16 - �Ill Ill Ill Ill Ill Ill Company I s brine spi 11 site investigation is to be comp 1eted by 1989. however. the time allowed for decontamination goes beyond 1989 in order to restore the sites to their previous use category. - Several other environmental contamination sites include chemical production manufacturing, landfills, oil drilling, scrap metal yard, gas station, laundry dry cleaner, and __ gasoline transport spills. - 17 - �II II II II II " " " " "~ Air Quality Air quality within Midland County falls under the responsibility of the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Air Quality Division. Principle tasks handled by the Department include the issuance of air quality permits governing commercial and industrial processes and air quality monitoring. There are presently four mobile monitoring stations in the County. Two are under the ownership and control of the Natural Resources Department, while two are owned by Dow Chemical Corporation. The stations are portable and may be relocated based on need. They are used to measure traditional versus exotic pollutants. , Traditional pollutants include sulfer dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, ozone, and lead. Exotic air pollutants refer to other forms/types of emissions lacking proscribed emission standards. Often the human impacts are not known. Within Midland County exotic pollutants are generally associated with new or experimental chemical processes. The MDNR has indicated that an average of three air quality permits are issued weekly in Midland County for emissions of the exotic type. The State of Michigan Designation of Attainment Status report (1986) indicates that Midland County exceeds acceptable air quality standards for ozone and total suspended particulates. Discussions with Natura 1 Resource Department staff revea 1ed severa 1 areas of concern pursuant to air quality. These include: • Monitoring of exotic pollutants is either non-existant or minimal at best • • Industrial processes existing prior to 1967 are not governed by air quality permits. Unfortunately, it appears Midland County has many of these. • There is often a lack of knowledge concerning the potential health impacts of new processes that are frequently generated by Midland's chemical ~ndustry. - 18 - �II II Ill II II Ill Ill • There is little interaction between health related agencies and the public except at times of major emergencies. Little concern is expressed by the public over air quality. The Air Quality Division hopes to eventually monitor exotic pollutants. as well as alleviate (or monitor) the other concerns addressed. To do so requires additional State .funding which is somewhat tenuous at this time. This lack of funding also accounts for the reduction of the number of air sampling facilities that has taken place over the past several years. Ill Ill Ill 1111 1111 1111 1111 '-~ - 19 - �Ill Ill -II II - HISTORIC SITES Midland County has a rich historical inventory of land and buildings. Historic sites are shown on Figure 7. The following is a brief description of these features. - Prehistoric: The Michigan Hi story Di vision of the Department of State has identified a number of prehistoric sites, only some of which have had archaeological surveys completed. In particular the Oxbow Archaeological District*, (also known as Chippewa Nature Center), located Southwest of the City of Midland in the area of the confluence of the Pine and Chippewa Rivers, has a number of sites deserving of survey work. This District is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. In addition the Little Forks Archaeological District. also located southwest of the City of Midland, has been determined as being eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. Both of these areas are generally thought to contain significant prehistoric Indian campsites. Wayne Cemetery: On the high bank of the Pine River, this was a settlement during the logging era in the 187Os. Irish Cemetery: This site contains graves dating back to 1877. Wright's Bridge: This was a post office settlement during the 186Os. First Salt Well: This is the location of the first salt well, discovered by Michigan's first state geologist in 1837. Averill Rollway and Banking Ground: At one time this was the site of the largest riverbank log rollway in the world. - 20 - �II II II II II -Ill Ill -Ill - Father Nouvel 's Landing: Fur Trading Post: Jesuit Priest Burial Site: In 1675, Father Henri Nouvel became the first white person to visit this area. This is the location of the first white settlement in the County. Relics of a cross, chalice and robe were found at this burial site. *Bradley House: A historic home, constructed about 1870. Battle of the Oxbow: This was the site of a great battle between the Sauk and Chippewa Tribes. Indian Mission: This mission settlement served Indians in the area until the 1850s. Family Cemetery: Sites in this cemetery date back to the 1800s. Manitou Rock: This large stone had some religious significance to area Indians. Salt Spring: This spring attracted wildlife for salt and therefore was considered sacred by the local Indians. Chippewa Village: This site along the Pine River was excavated and remains of human bones, tools and lodgings were found. Redstone Village: This was the location of an early post office settlement. Herbert H. Dow Laboratory: Site of Dr. H. H. Dow's first successful electrolysis of brine to produce bromine. This is also the site of Even's Grist Mill, the building where Dr. Dow first began operations. - 21 - �Ann Street Depot: This railroad depot opened in 1905 and was closed to the public in 1952. Herbert H. Dow, founder of Dow Chemical Company, arrived in Midland at this depot. Sanford Museum: Formerly an early 20th century brick four room school building. *Midland County Courthouse: The Courthouse is an example of rustic Tudor design, one-of-a-kind among Michigan county courthouses, employing murals depicting the history of the county with Indians and early settlers. CCC Camp - Pine Haven: To create jobs for youth during the 1930's, a camp was constructed in what is now known as the Pine Haven Recreation Area. Veterans Memorial Park: A county park developed in 1951 on land purchased by the county in 1923 from the State of Michigan. Originally the state property was intended for a state sanatorium. Coal Mine: Exploration site for commercial extraction of coal. Hope Township Hall: Built in 1881, the structure is Midland County's only standing original township meeting hall still in use as a township hall. First Oil We 11 : This is the site of the first oil well in the county, drilled in 1932. Camp 16: Camp 16 was an early logging camp located at the confluence of the Tittabawassee and Tobacco Rivers in Edenville Township. Red Keg Saloon: Located in what is now called Averill near the rollway and banking ground on the Tittabawassee River. Red Keg was the first name of the Averill hamlet. - 22 - �Grand Traverse (Mackinac) Trail: John Larkin Saw Mi 11 : Indian Trails: Dock of the Be 11 e Seymore: Midland Chicory Pl ant: Coleman Chicory Pl ant: *John Kelly House: This trail is an extension of the Saginaw Trail from Detroit to Higgins Lake, where it branched in to two trails; the Mackinac Trail extended to the Straits of Macki nae and the Grand Traverse Trail going to Traverse City. One of Midland's original saw mills. Junction of three Indian trails: Grand (Mackinac), Pine River and Chippewa trails. Traverse Midland's original dock for passenger and freight travel to and from Saginaw, located on the Tittabawassee River at Main and Benson Streets. A manufacturing plant located in Midland in 1910 near the intersection of Ellsworth Street and Bay City Road by the Franck Chicory Company, processing chicory root as an additive to coffee for taste and aroma effect. Another chicory manufacturing plant was located in Coleman. In 1926 all chicory in the United States was grown in the Midland County area. Build circa 1875, the Kelly House is a wood-framed and clapboard-sheathed building of Italianate inspiration with several attached wings. The house was built for John H. Kelly, a Midland drygoods merchant, and for his wife Almira and their children. - 23 - �' ' ' '- *Herbert H. Dow House: The Dow house is a two and one-half-story frame building of vernacular styling detailed with a steeply pitched gable roof, irregular groupings of diamond-paned windows, and deeply inset porch. Designed and built by Herbert H. Dow in 1899, the home was lived in by the chemist until his death in 1930. *Listed on State Register of Historic Places. also listed on the National Register. - 24 - The Midland County Courthouse is �I I I I I I I I J -J , , -, , , / c o u • ~~::> ILAOWtll , ' 1-r.--r~. z 4( ..J Q. FIGURE 1 TOPOGRAPHY a nd FLOODPLAINS w > en z w z ::i::: 4( w C, a: LEGEND Q. 40 FOOT - C ONTOUR ~ ELEVATIONS 0 0 ::i::: 0 ~ a 100 YEAR FLOODPLAIN AREA > > I- Iz z 100 YEAR FLOOD PRONE AREA O 0 O 0 :::::, :::::, C C 4( ..J 4( ..J C C ~ ~ z z -, I I SOURCES: ' FLOOD INSURANCE STUDY 1984 FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGEf,icy t. t • M , tt I. I I �I I L • I W .,. ■ I ... I. m .,··1'i .•. ---, , , • FIGURE 2 { DRAINAGE t: t: II I ! . • I\ - . z . . .. BASINS C -I A. w • -z > • • en w ::c zC w C, • LEGEND 111111 RIVER BASIN DRAINAGE DIVIDE ➔ DIRECTION OF FLOW -::c - CE: A. :& t> 0 :& t> - ► tz ::, 0 ► tz ::, 0 Q Q t> t> z z C C -I -I -Q Q :& :& I I I SOURCE: MIDLAND COUNTY DRAIN COMMISSION I I la .. ~.. ... •• • • , , ~ ~~~ OIL I e • • ... . I I O . , , - -__- - • ,. ~ --· I .-. • -. ''I••ltt j • I • 0 1J 'II ,., . 11 D �... I t C O U P' • 11 rlJt vlH I I\ I I I I I I I z -.: FIGURE 3 ..J 0. SOIL SUITABILITY w > en z w z :r:: -.: w CJ a: 0. :r:: . LEGEND .._ - :E 0 :E 0 0 CLASS A-SLIGHT DEVELOPMENT LIMITATIONS .. > > I- Iz z CLASS B-RESTRICTIVE DEVELOPMENT LIMITATIONS ::::, ::::, CLASS C-SIGNIFICANT DEVELOPMENT LIMITATIONS 0 NON-EVALUATED URBAN AREAS 0 0 0 0 0 z z -.: -.: ..J ..J -:E -:E 0 I I I SOURCE: MIDLAND COUNTY I 0 �cou.T, ... t H~ 1 1Jl ~lli I\ I I I I I I I I I z c( ..J Q. FIGURE 4 IMPORTANT w > FARMLANDS Cl) z LEGEND w z :I: c( w CJ a: ... :t: Q. - ~ 0 0 ~ IMPORTANT FARMLANDS 0 (defined as PA 116 lands > > .... . .... z z :::, :::, and by SCS claaalflcatlona) 0 0 0 0 C C c( ..J c( ..J z z -C :EC~ I J J J , , I I I SOURCE: MIDLAND COUNTY I I I , ,.., .., ·u.. CD i I I~ ,: Ii!t•i1•• CD 0 i �t P' rlJl ,1 vHi 11. • o • • • t--+---t---+--+--+-~i-·.-'-... + ~~ · -+'. • ·+ .--t.'7-.+--i-"""""4-t":t-rt---t--+--+----hr=-A---L-~·-· '~ .4 ~.+~ I\ z --+-". • • I ct • ..J ~ w > en z FIGURE 5 I OIL AND GAS WELL LOCATIONS w I z l: c( w (!J ~ l: a: LEGEND r ... - GENERAL LOCATION I I I - :E 0 0 :E 0 > > Iz z ( 5 OR MORE WELLS PER SECTION ) ::::> ::::> 0 0 0 0 C C c( ..J c( ..J z z -:EC -:EC I f I J J I , , SOURCE: MIDLAND COUNTY I l I I \ t ,. M , ti t I . . I I 'II•• 1 II) I. I • I .. l ... I I • A C It It fl f Y ~ ,;, " !: m, - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ r - J ~'j=-'j_T_.:._JD - . SCALI - O 1• • 1000 �i i 0 • " l. A a W I f I_ I~ ' ---- ---♦ r----7·-"7-dflit":---r-I • '1 ,11; dn 11 •±•+--1• ·-t ·+· ---+-+ -_-t . -A'--L---J---+-+-t-r--t--t--t--+--+--,-4--4-•~ ••• ~~~~1,..-6-.--'. II • " • • • • t: ' ~==~~':,':,j"---+---6---a.--~. FIGURE 6 _" , ,. lnb--t-~:t---.;~........ ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION SITES I\ z .-...Jf~!!-+-.-t--'-t-t~-t--+---...-•G/SIF --1==~""-'~=l--------l C ..J -.,;-~-...-+-_J....,,,.~~-+---1---.--+--+-G7ff -1=--~---+---+ a. ea · I " L....._Jl-----{-J------1,a-+,--+-'--+-~Gisrf~F~-,- -+---__..,_...,__. • •al It t t w > f en z w z :c C w a: C, a. :c F,:.--i-- LEGEND - + -----1, .. - :E 0 0 :E 0 TYPES of CONTAMINATION; B - BRINE C - CHEMICAL - ► ► I- I- i r-+. I ·- M - METAL RESOURCE AFFECTED: " " I I z z ,. ::, ::, 0 0 -~· .T . . GROUNDWATER S - SOIL W - SURFACE WATER 0 Q Q z z F - FLORA/FAUNA G - 0 C C ..J Q ..J Q -- :E :E U - UNKNOWN I NOTE: I Loc ■ tlon ■ ■ re g ■ ner ■ llzed. ••• Act 307 llet for I ■ ctu ■ I loc ■ tlone. t I. I I SOURCE: I MICHIGAN SITES Of ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATIONI PRIORITY LISTS (FEBRUARY 1987), PUBLIC ACT 307 Of 1982 'II I,, MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT Of NATURAL RESOURCES (SAGINAW "' ''III DISTRICT) DOW BRINE ENVIRONMENTAL STUDYl1985/1986) ••• < 0 • • ' ' ... I • • g • ... ~ - - - - - - - - - - - - - -_ _ _. . _______n.J_~. .._\_-~_r_,__ : fi11 _JD �• • • • Table 2 Historic Sites, Midland County Legend* 1. Oxbow Archaeological District 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. Little Forks Archaeological Wayne Cemetery Irish Cemetery Wright's Bridge First Salt Well Averill Rollway and Banking Ground Jesuit Priest Burial Site Fur Trading Post Father Nouvel 's Landing Bradley Hosue Battle of the Oxbow Indian Mission Family Cemetery Manitou Rock Salt Spring Chippewa Village Redstone Village Herbert A. Dow Laboratory Ann Street Depot Sanford Museum 22. Midland County Courthous e 23. CCC Camp - Pine Haven 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. Veterans Memorial Park Coal Mine Hope Township Hall First Oil Well Camp 16 Red Keg Saloon Grand Traverse (Mackinac) Trail John Larkin Saw Mill Indian Trails Dock of the Belle Seymore Midland Chicory Plant Coleman Chicory Plant John Kelly House Herbert H. Dow House *Refer to Historic Sites map, Figure 7, for location. - 31 - �I I I I I I I I I I - ·- ---- 'I~'1 ,IJ: vtn . . . .. .. ... ll ' z c( ...J FIGURE 7 Q. w HISTORIC SITES > z en w z X c( w C, REFER TO TABLE 2 FOR SITE LISTINGS r:r:: Q. ...z> z...>0 0 - ~ ::, ::, 0 0 0 0 C I I I I I X 0 ~ C z z cc cc ...J ...J -C C ~ ~ I I I SOURCE: MIDLAND COUNTY I I I I \ L I • ' " ,... '· • I I I "' ~ '--------------------------~---=-~ 1 ..,.... · - ..... .=._·i_, , ·11 I:, .. 11 : f'J ,f!I --=-_J□ �I I I I I I • • • •~ SOCIOECONOMIC PROFILE This section describes the characteristics of Midland County's people, housing and economy. Past trends and the existing socioeconomic conditions are presented to help define both opportunities and constraints for the future. The _ reaction to these issues along with the vitality of the Great Lakes Region will influence the future population and economy in the county. DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE Population Characteristics The population of Midland County is centered in the City of Midland, which accounts for 50 percent of the county total. Adding the townships adjacent to the city raises that total to about 70 percent. Overall County growth from 1970 was 15.4 percent with Edenville, Geneva, Mills and Warren Townships posting the greatest percentage growth increase. Midland Township is the only unit of government that indicated a decrease in population, owing to annexations by the City of Midland • Households in the county number 24,498 which, when divided by the population, yields an average of 2.94 persons per household. Persons per household are higher in the townships than in either city or the Village of Sanford. This is most probably due to the lack of multiple family housing units and fewer single parent or single person households in the townships. The age of the population has increased since 1970 reflecting a nationwide aging trend. The greatest numerical increase is in the 25 - 44 category, which encompasses the post-World War II "Baby Boom." Significant declines in the Under 5 to 14 categories reflect another nationwide trend of smaller families and/or career decisions by women which delay or prevent child bearing. The median age for the County is 27.9, which is about a year under the State median age. The numerical distribution of males and females is almost identical. Males tend to outnumber females in the Under 5 to 24 age groups while females outnumber males in the 25 to Over 65 category. No significant distribution characteristics are evident in any individual jurisdiction. - 33 - �I I I I I I • • • "-- II II Table 3 1980 Population by Jurisdiction, Midland County JURISDICTION 1980 POPULATION PERCENT OF COUNTY TOTAL 2,029 1,157 1,244 4,477 1,249 3,011 1,129 4,171 3,284 3,325 1,643 2,389 1,461 1,586 1,113 1,846 2.8% 1.6 1.7 6.1 1.8 4.1 1.5 5.7 4.5 4.6 2.2 3.2 2.0 2.1 1.5 2.5 1970 - 1980 PERCENT OF POPULATION CHANGE Townships: Eden vi 11 e Geneva Greendale Homer Hope Ingersoll Jasper Jerome* Larkin Lee Lincoln Midland Mi 11 s Mt. Haley Porter Warren 73.6% 69.4 12.6 13.1 32.2 31.8 36.7 32.2 31.6 31.4 15.9 -5.2 45.4 25.7 23.8 43.9 Cities: Coleman Midland 1,429 37,035 2.0 50.1 10.3 5.9 County: 73,578 100.0 15.4 Source: 1980 U.S. Census of Population * Village of Sanford included - 34 - �I I I I I II • • • • ' ' ' Table 4 1980 Population by Age and Sex, Midland County FEMALE AGE MALE Under 5 3,061 2,751 5-14 6,909 6,359 15-19 3,960 3,627 20-24 3,242 3,136 25-44 10,791 11,051 45-64 6,602 6,733 65 and over 2,246 3,110 TOTALS 36,811 36,767 Source: 1980 Census of Population U.S. Department of Cofl1Tlerce Bureau of the Census - 35 - �I I I I I II • • • • -- " Table 5 1980 Age/Sex Distribution by Jurisdiction Under 5 M Townships Edenvi 11 e Geneva Greendale Homer Hope Ingersoll Jasper Jerome Larkin Lee Lincoln Midland Mi 11 s Mt. Haley Porter Warren 79 54 55 173 56 133 60 178 154 166 74 96 61 95 50 101 F 211 97 110 47 69 139 433 149 137 48 124 315 45 127 156 390 154 364 141 373 63 . 167 79 197 73 188 82 168 39 124 67 172 65 & Over 15-19 20-24 25-44 45-64 M F M F M F M F M F 190 84 86 64 43 173 130 63 60 422 237 211 128 61 52 270 149 165 98 61 55 342 208 194 311 190 172 356 165 164 99 102 162 205 148 138 73 70 153 141 55 82 100 72 50 174 101 93 89 49 54 167 35 112 41 151 107 130 76 104 116 58 39 64 68 32 49 184 51 108 44 179 109 159 69 95 50 77 39 73 305 158 159 713 187 471 163 655 519 534 277 330 224 240 162 274 306 160 172 691 176 457 166 631 540 498 272 341 228 241 171 255 200 114 102 424 111 251 104 405 257 237 114 237 121 122 102 166 183 113 108 411 108 256 95 405 244 250 95 239 92 118 88 168 68 36 45 116 47 97 38 142 85 71 33 75 31 51 34 67 63 51 39 146 52 103 32 135 97 81 40 105 44 56 43 71 5-14 -M- F Cities/Village Coleman Sanford* Midland 73 69 121 125 90 64 64 79 138 166 125 139 69 107 32 32 37 37 42 41 100 105 89 82 43 44 89 91 1403 1249 3173 2926 2040 1826 1849 1671 5282 5580 3410 3621 1141 1845 Midland Cty. 3061 2751 6909 6359 3960 3627 3242 3136 10791 11051 6602 6733 2246 3110 Source: 1980 Census of Population *WBDC Estimate - The WBDC estimate was derived by using the Countywide ratio of male to female distribution and applying it to Sanford's population. - 36 - �I I I I I • • • • -- Population Projections Countywide population projections are available from a number of sources, each derived from different base information and each making certain assumptions. Of the projection methods used for Midland County, the three most common are described below. Scenario-Based: In this method overall scenarios are described, generally based on growth policies on a national, state or local scale. For instance the Battelle study prepared for the Midland County Economic Development Council suggests certain development strategies which, if followed, may sustain a specified rate of job production. From the number of jobs an overall population growth estimate may be calculated. Trend Line: Statistical methods may be used to analyze past growth trends and cycles and project future growth. This method normally applies certain assumptions regarding development potential, land availability and other factors which may indicate where the trend lines should rise or fall. Cohort-Component: Three population characteristics are used to implement this projection method. Mortality, or survival rates, are figures derived from an analysis to determine which segments of the population are likely to be alive in a given future time period. Next a calculation for the number of births likely in that same period is made. Finally an estimate of net migration, or the net number of persons who enter and leave the jurisdiction is projected. These characteristics are each computed and a final figure derived. In order to present population projections for each municipal jurisdiction i t was · necessary to distribute the population using countywide data computed by Woods and Poole Economics, Inc., of Washington, D.C. - 37 - �I I I I • • • • • • 1111 The Woods and were provided was developed The scenarios Poole data were used because four scenario-based projections which allowed for a range of events to occur. Each scenario assuming a different rate of growth or decline in employment. are described below. National Trends - This scenario correlated growth estimates for the United States and assigns them to Midland County using a regional forecasting model • 1. 2. Local Economic Development Strategy - This scenario is the basic National Trends scenario with post hoc assumptions imposed upon the model as follows: that 1) total manufacturing employment will increase by 200 jobs each year 1985 through 1995 from the 1985 level of 11,575, and 2) employment in wholesale trade, retail trade, finance, insurance and real estate and services will rise by 2 percent per year 1985 through 1995 • 3. Slow Growth - This scenario is the basic National Trends scenario with ~ hoc assumptions imposed upon the model as follows: that total manufacturing employment will be held constant at the 1985 level (11,375) for each year 1985 through 1995. 4. Decline/No Growth - This scenario is the basic National Trends scenario with~ hoc assumptions imposed upon the model as follows: that 1) total manufacturing employment will decline 200 jobs each year from 1985 through 1995 from the 1985 level of 11,175, and 2) employment in wholesale and retail trade, finance, insurance, real estate, and services will decline 2 percent a year from 1985 through 1995. In order to distribute the projections a two-part method was used: The first part of the method is based on an evaluation of each jurisdiction's master plan, taking into account growth policies (when stated), future land use plans and other factors such as Act 116 lands and sewer and water availability. The evaluation is used to assign the appropriate scenario to each jurisdiction. For example, a township expressing a desire to develop more industrial and commercial property and providing land for growth with utilities available may be assigned the Local Economic Development Strategy. Similarly a township which emphasizes agricultural uses with - 38 - �I I I • • • • • limited or no utilities may be assigned a Decline/No Growth scenario. The assignments have been established by the County Planning Commission and are used as a basis for all population and other projections. The second part of the method distributes the population, based on the 1980 Census, across each jurisdiction using the Woods and Poole scenarios assigned to the jurisdictions. Each jurisdiction's share of the 1980 county population is applied to e.ach five-year projection from 1985 to 2005 to produce the allocated population throughout the county. The allocated county population projection is thus an extension of the Slow Growth and National Trends scenarios and lies between the results of these two scenarios with weights of 40 percent and 60 percent assigned to each, respectively. At the bottom of the Allocated Population Projections table the Woods and Pao 1e scenario estimates are 1 i sted as a reference. The findings are graphically displayed on Figure 8 • Comparative Projections For comparison purposes, population projections prepared by Sales and Marketing Management and the Michigan Department of Management and Budget were consulted. These projections were derived at by using different methods and usually typically show modest rises in growth. These figures are presented at the bottom of Table 6. Comparing the figures with the County Planning Commission's allocated population projections for the years 1985 and 2005 shows there is a difference of three to six percent between the allocated county projections and those prepared by the State of Michigan. This percentage range of difference over the twenty-year planning period of 1985 to 2005 amounts to a numerical difference of 155 persons per year for the county as a whole. - 39 - �I I I I I • • • fl II .. Table 6 Allocated Population Projections, Midland County JURISDICTION scenar10 .1 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 SG SG SG SG SG SG SG NT SG SG NT SG SG SG SG SG 2,029 1,157 1,244 4,477 1,249 3,011 1,129 4,171 3,284 3,325 1,643 2,389 1,461 1,586 1,113 1,846 2,164 1,237 1,314 4,715 1,391 3,169 1,159 4,406 3,478 3,556 1,700 2,474 1,546 1,623 1,159 1,932 2,122 1,212 1,288 4,623 1,364 3,107 1,137 4,834 3,411 3,486 1,866 2,425 1,516 1,591 1,137 1,895 2,119 1,211 1,286 4,617 1,362 3,103 1,135 5,226 3,406 3,482 2,017 2,422 1,514 1,589 1,135 1,892 2,240 1,280 1,360 4,880 1,440 3,280 1,200 5,420 3,600 3,680 2,092 2,560 1,600 1,680 1,200 2,000 2,298 1,313 1,395 5,008 1,477 3,366 1,231 5,477 3,694 3,776 2,114 2,627 1,642 1,724 1,231 2,052 NT NT 1,429 37,035 1,546 38,727 1,696 42,485 1,834 45,941 1,902 47,645 1,922 48,146 73,578 77,296 81,195 85,291 89,059 90,493 Townships: Eden vi 11 e Geneva Greendale Homer Hope Ingersoll Jasper Jerome* Larkin Lee Lincoln Midland Mills Mt. Haley Porter Warren Cities: Coleman Midland TOTALS: *Village of Sanford Included 1woods and Poole Scenario Assignment : D/N = Decline/No Growth SG = Slow Growth NT= National Trends LOS= Local Economic Development Strategy Note: For Years 1985 75,500 77,300 77,300 77,900 1985 1990 1995 68,800 75,800 84,800 82,800 64,500 75,700 91,700 89,900 1990 1995 78,090 78,300 81,000 2000 62,100 80,000 95,100 96,600 2000 2005 57,400 82,100 96,100 101,700 2005 Comearative Projections: State of Michigan Sales & Marketing Mgmt. Source: 74,802 76,200 Midland County Planning Commission - 40 - 83,300 84,900 �I I I I II • • • • • - MIDLAND COUNTY POPULATION PROJECTIONS WOODS AND POOLE GROWTH SCENARIOS 100~000 95~000 90 ,., 000 z -... 0 85~000 C ..I ::, 80~000 Q. 0 Q. 75 \,000 70~000 1985 1990 1995 2000 YEAR LOCAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY SLOW GROWTH ------ DECLINE/NO GROWTH NATIONAL TRENDS --------------·-· ------- COMPREHENSIVE PLAN PROJECTION FIGURE 8 :::::::::::::::::::::::: 2005 �I I I I I I I I - Table 7 Population Distribution by Jurisdiction (Percentage), Midland County JURISDICTION 1980 PERCENT OF POPULATION 1 Edenville Township Geneva Township Greendale Township Homer Township Hope Township Ingersoll Township Jasper Township Jerome Township* Larkin Township Lee Township Lincoln Township Midland Township Mills Township Mount Haley Township Porter Township Warren Township TOTAL TOWNSHIPS City of Coleman City of Midland TOTAL 2005 PERCENT OF POPULATION 2 PERCENT CHANGE 2.8 1.6 1. 7 6.1 1.8 4.1 1.5 5.7 4.5 4.6 2.2 3.2 2.0 2.1 1.5 2.5 2.5 1.5 1.5 5.5 1.6 3.7 1.4 6.1 4.1 4.2 2.3 2.9 1.8 1.9 1.4 2.3 -.3 -.1 -.2 -.6 -.2 -.4 -.1 +.4 -.4 -.4 +.1 -.3 -.2 -.2 -.1 -.2 47.9 41. 7 -6.2 2.0 50.1 2.1 53.2 +.l +3.1 100.0 100.0 +22.9% *Village of Sanford included 11980 U.S. Census of Population Midland County Planning Commission Projection - 42 - �I I I •I II Table 8 Population Projections by Race, Midland County - RACE 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 White 72,300 75,430 78,630 81,580 83,380 81,710 Black 580 850 1,390 2,440 4,350 7,440 Other 810 1,020 1,170 1,270 1,340 1,340 Source: Woods and Poole Economics, Inc., Comprehensive Plan Allocation Policy Scenario Data Pamphlet, March, 1986 • • • • 1111 1111 - 43 - �I I I Table 9 Population Projections by Age, Midland County 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85 + 5,830 6,080 7,130 7,540 6,400 6,420 6,100 5,180 4,280 3,650 3,850 3,260 1,580 1,980 1,400 940 590 480 6,530 6,120 6,330 6,380 6,130 7,410 6,990 6,380 5,020 3,880 3,340 3,280 2,920 2,210 1,730 1,190 800 670 7,100 6,810 6,230 5,870 5,440 7,220 7,680 7,020 6,210 4,660 3,640 3,060 2,870 2,420 1,790 1,350 930 900 7,100 7,360 6,950 5,910 5,080 6,390 7,510 7,650 6,920 5,960 4,380 3,240 2,710 2,360 1,990 1,530 1,110 1,150 6,930 7,300 7,410 6,630 5,190 5,980 6,650 7,550 7,650 6,630 5,580 3,940 2,900 2,240 2,020 1,730 1,240 1,480 6,960 6,910 7,130 7,010 5,900 5,960 6,080 6,490 7,350 7,150 6,090 4,890 3,470 2,360 1,880 1,670 1,400 1,770 TOTAL 73,700 77,300 81,200 85,300 89,100 90,500 AGE Source: Woods and Poole (1986) - 44 - �I I I I Table 10 Population Projection by Age (Males) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85+ 3,070 3,140 3,740 3,950 3,260 2,129 3,050 2,560 2,130 1,770 1,970 1,640 1,220 890 630 360 220 150 3,350 3,120 3,240 3,290 3,140 3,730 3,530 3,190 2,520 1,930 1,720 1,630 1,390 1,000 790 460 270 180 3,640 3,470 3,190 2,990 2,730 3,580 3,820 3,470 3,120 2,350 1,880 1,540 1,390 1,140 790 530 330 230 3,640 3,760 3,550 3,010 2,560 3,170 3,750 3,800 3,430 2,940 2,230 1,610 1,300 1,110 890 610 400 310 3,550 3,730 3,780 3,380 2,630 2,980 3,340 3,770 3,820 3,290 2,840 1,960 1,400 1,040 900 670 440 380 3,570 3,540 3,630 3,580 3,020 2,970 3,060 3,250 3,690 3,560 3,110 2,460 1,680 1,110 830 660 490 470 TOTAL 36,890 38,500 40,190 42,060 43,900 44,680 Age Source: Woods and Poole (1986) - 45 - �I I I I • • • • • • - Table 11 Population Projections by Age (Females) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85+ 2,760 2,940 3,390 3,600 3,140 3,330 3,060 2,620 2,140 1,880 1,880 1,620 1,080 760 580 370 330 3,180 3,010 3,090 3,080 2,990 3,670 3,450 3,190 2,500 1,950 1,610 1,660 1,210 940 720 520 480 3,460 3,340 3,040 2,880 2,710 3,630 3,870 3,550 3,100 2,310 1,760 1,510 1,280 1,000 600 600 670 3,460 3,600 3,400 2,900 2,520 3,210 3,760 3,850 3,490 3,010 2,160 1,640 1,240 1,100 710 710 840 3,370 3,570 3,630 3,250 2,560 3,000 3,310 3,780 3,840 3,350 2,740 1,980 1,200 1,130 800 800 l, 100 3,400 3,380 3,490 3,430 2,880 2,990 3,020 3,240 3,660 3,600 2,980 2,440 1,250 1,050 910 910 1,300 TOTAL 36,810 38,790 41,010 43,230 45,160 45,820 Age Source: Woods and Poole (1986) - 46 - �I I I I I I • • • •Ill Ill Ill 1111 Table 12 Household Projections by Jurisdiction, Midland County JURISDICTION Townships: 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Eden vi 11 e Geneva Greendale Homer Hope Ingersoll Jasper Jerome Larkin Lee Lincoln Midland Mills Mount Haley Porter Warren 678 376 391 1,419 389 914 357 1,420 979 1,005 504 777 435 480 339 571 726 402 413 1,516 433 978 367 1,499 1,032 1,087 521 808 460 492 357 602 712 393 405 1,486 425 959 360 1,644 1,012 1,066 572 792 451 482 350 590 711 393 404 1,484 424 958 360 1,778 1,011 1,065 619 791 451 482 349 589 752 416 428 1,569 449 1,012 380 1,843 1,068 1,125 642 837 476 509 396 623 771 426 439 1,610 460 1,039 390 1,863 1,096 1,155 648 858 489 522 379 639 Coleman Midland 504 13,058 548 14,082 601 15,449 650 16,705 674 17,325 682 17,508 County: 24,498 26,291 27,617 29,010 30,292 30,773 Cities: Source: 1980 column - 1980 Census of Population Projections were completed by WBDC, Inc. by using the Allocated Population Projections table and applying the same rate of increase to households as was used for population. NOTE: A "household" includes all the persons who occupy a housing unit. A "family" consists of a householder and one or more other related persons occupying a housing unit. Not all households contain families, because a household may be composed of a group of unrelated persons or one person living alone. (From 1980 U.S. Census). Ill Ill Ill - 47 - �• ' ' ' '' ~ HOUSING PROFILE Housing Goals This Comprehensive Plan notes goals for residential land uses which provide for - a wide range of housing opportunities and the preservation and protection of existing residential development. As described in the following section the bulk of activity being conducted in housing is by the Midland County Haus i ng Commission and by the City of Midland. An August 1985 report forwarded to the County Board of Commissioners from the Midland County Housing Conmission states two goals: 1. "Provide adequate and suitable housing for every family and resident of all ages, income and ethnic group, in accordance with their desires and needs." 2. "Renew blighted and/or deteriorating residential areas through upgrading of structures and improved environmental conditions and the achievement of a least minimum standards of housing quality." The City of Midland, Task Force 2000 report has stated its housing goal to: "Maintain attractiveness in housing and neighborhoods while attending to the problems of escalating building costs and the questions of energy and transportation availability." Additionally several sub-goals are noted in the Task Force 2000 report: 1. "Consider city ordinances related to housing." quality, diversity, standards and flexibility.) 2. "Consider new approaches to housing." innovative design.) 3. "Address housing needs of low-income persons." 4. "·Continue support of fair housing practices." 5. "Encourage the use of neighborhood schools and parks as community centers." 6. "Promote better neighborhood relationships." - 48 - (Relating to building, (Mixed use neighborhoods and �II - Housing Development Characteristics Housing development in Midland County has taken on a distinct urban/rural pattern. The urban area of the City of Midland, and the urbanizing townships around the City have developed quite differently than those in areas outside the City. These differences are reflected in the density, availability, variety and cost of housing throughout the county. The City of Midland is characterized by its denser development, higher home value, fewer persons per household and higher rents. These characteristics are present because of the increased urban amenities (recreation, cultural activities, utilities and wider variety of housing types and styles. The remaining areas of the county vary from moderately developed areas such as Coleman, Sanford, the areas adjacent to Sanford Lake and some areas adjacent to the City of Midland, to the rural farmstead and large lot residential areas prevalent throughout the townships. The developed areas were spawned from traditional settlements created by water, rail and road transportation routes or crossroads. Over the past 15 years a significant increase in housing growth has occurred in the areas outside the City of Midland. This fact is reflected in the age of housing. Table 13, "Housing Age" indicates that while Edenville, Larkin, Lee and Mills Townships have had over 40 percent of their housing constructed since 1970, the City of Midland has had just 25.6 percent constructed in that time period. The county as a whole has had a 29.3 percent increase in the construction of housing sincP 1970. One form of housing which has shown a significant increase in use is the mobile home. The mobile or manufactured home provides a relatively inexpensive housing alternative, particularly for low- to moderate-income families. This development has raised a number of concerns, particularly in the townships, regarding community appearance and the integrity of agricultural areas. Also of concern is · the higher density single family development which is occurring in - 49 - �ii 11 - some areas without proper sanitary sewer and water environmental problems could result. The lack of restricts the range of housing opportunities which can multiple family development. This, in turn, contributes ~ost manufactured housing. facilities. Long-term public utilities also be provided by limiting to the demand for lower One additional factor which the lack of utilities may cause is the concentration of development where soils and groundwater are able to support septic systems and wells. This development pattern generally tends to be random, without regard to available streets and related 1and uses, such as shopping and work place. Housing Quality A structural quality survey was completed for the county in 1978 and 1979 as a part of the 1980 Housing Plan. All communities, except the City of Midland, were evaluated. There were three quality standards used: 1. Standard: Buildings placed in this category required normal maintenance and did n·o t exhibit noticeable wear. 2. Deteriorating: This• description applied to buildings with several minor defects and, at times, one major defect which could be remedied at a reasonable cost. 3. Substandard: Substandard structures exhibit multiple minor and major defects which cannot be reasonably r epaired. These buildings should eventually be removed. Table 14 summarizes housing qllality in the county (again, excluding the City of Midland). The number of substandard dwellings must be considered in relation to future housing needs due to the loss of existing housing stock and the need to replace that lost structure. - 50 - �No clear pattern of quality related housing problems is discernible although one trend appears to be present. Communities nearer the City of Midland appear to have a higher percentage of standard housing while communities at some di stance - appear to have lower per centages. In addition, not surprisingly, those jurisdictions with higher median home values tend to have the lower perc entage of substandard hQusing. (See Table 15). - 51 - �i1 i1 II II II II II II II II -II II " " " " " Table 13 Housing Age by Percent of Total Housing, Midland County YEAR CONSTRUCTED JURISDICTION 1939 OR EARLIER 1939 - 1969 1970 -1980 Townships: 9.3% 30.6 13.0 18.5 23.3 28.5 26.4 12.3 11.3 9.4 12.1 17.2 12.5 16.8 32.7 19.3 47.9% 34.1 52.7 55.4 38.0 41.5 36.3 58.7 47.7 48.1 49.0 60.3 40.4 48.2 33.8 44.3 42.8% 35.3 34.3 26.1 38.7 30.0 37.3 29.0 41.0 42.5 38.9 22.5 47.1 35.0 33.5 36.4 Coleman Midland 33.4 13.6 44.1 60.8 22.5 25.6 County: 15.5 55.2 29.3 Edenville Geneva Greendale Homer Hope Ingersoll Jasper Jerome Larkin Lee Lincoln Midland Mills Mount Haley Porter Warren Cities: Source: 1980 Census of Housing - 52 - �I I I II II II II II II II II II II Table 14 Housing Quality by Jurisdiction 1978-1979, Midland County - Jurisdiction Townships: Edenville Geneva Greendale Homer Hope Ingersoll Jasper Jerome Larkin Lee Lincoln Midland Mills Mt. Haley Porter Warren Standard Number Percent 830 293 293 1300 403 761 Deteriorating Number Percent 1078 981 710 343 747 335 431 286 474 91.9 77 .2 67.4 90.1 76.2 83.1 65.1 86.8 87.4 75.5 66.7 91.5 73.0 85.5 78.1 72.6 38 51 97 83 66 75 84 89 108 145 129 48 76 49 47 82 4.2 13.4 22.3 5.8 12.5 8.2 21.5 7.2 9.6 15.4 25.1 5.9 16.6 9.7 12.8 12.6 35 38 45 60 60 80 52 75 33 85 42 21 48 24 33 97 10.3 4.2 11.3 8.7 13.4 6.0 2.9 9.0 8.2 2.6 10.5 4.8 9.0 14.9 353 74.3 90 18.9 32 6.8 306 89.2 26 7.6 11 3.2 10,178 81.9 1383 11.1 871 7.0 254 3.9 4.4 Cities/Village: Coleman Midland* Sanford County: Source: Housing the County, 1980, Midland County Housing Commission * Data are not available for the City of Midland in the same categories as are available in the County Housing Commission report. -II II II Substandard Number Percent - 53 - �ii ii II II II II -II II - Table 15 Factors Determining Housing Quality, Midland County Jurisdiction Townships: Median Value Owner Specified Percent of Substandard Housing Percent Constructed 1939 or Earlier $37,300 30,500 24,800 41,000 37,900 40,800 27,500 38,300 48,700 35,000 38,100 41,100 29,800 37,200 32,800 32,800 3.9 9.9 10.3 4.2 11.3 8.7 13.4 6.0 2.9 9.0 8.2 2.6 10.5 4.8 9.0 14.9 9.3 30.6 13.0 18.5 23.3 28.5 26.4 12.3 11.3 9.4 12.1 17.2 12.5 16.8 32.7 19.3 Coleman Midland Sanford 23,900 52,600 N.A. 6.8 33.4 13.6 3.2 N.A. County: 44,900 7.0 15.5 Edenville Geneva Greendale Homer Hope Ingersoll Jasper Jerome Larkin Lee Lincoln Midland Mi 11 s Mt. Haley Porter Warren Cities/Vi 11 age: N.A. N.A. Data are not available for the City of Midland and Village of Sanford in the same categor i es as are available in the County Housing Commission report. Source: 1980 U.S •. Census of Housing Housing the County, 1980, Midland County Housing Commission - 54 - �11 II -~ ECONOMIC PROFILE Labor Force Characteristics Compiling and presenting data on all labor and occupational characteristics suffers from several drawbacks. A number of sources of this information are available with the two primary references being the U.S. Census Bureau and the Michigan Employment Security Commission (MESC). Several problems arise because the data available from both sources are inconsistent either in areas covered or categories used. Therefore some interpolation had to be made in some instances. A second problem is created when unforeseen events affect the data collected only months ago. The closing of the Midland nuclear plant has rather drastic impacts on some of the Census data. On the other hand, these impacts should be relatively short in duration since their greatest effects were on construction employment. Since the closing the Consumers Power Company has elected to convert the nuclear plant to a gas-fired plant. Lastly a problem is created by the lack of information available at the township level. As before some interpolations and assumptions are made and note is made where that occurs. In general, Midland County reflects the national trend of a decline in manufacturing and an increase in retail/service related employment. For instance MESC data indicates that in 1970 manufacturing related jobs made up over 52 percent of the total labor force while retail/service related jobs were about 25 percent. In 1984 these percentages were 37 percent and 34 percent respectively. While Census figures and MESC data for Midland County differ, the trend away from manufacturing employment is apparent in both sources. (See Tables 17 and 18). In the case of Midland County however, an additional factor may also have influenced the above trends. Given the size of the construction· and administrative labor force devoted to the Midland nuclear plant it is likely that a significant service/retail sector developed in response to the increased employment at the plant. Since this project was such a large capital facility - 55 - �I I I -~ ~ '1 ~ ~ with an extended construction period these jobs may have taken on the characteristics of permanent employment, thus creating a long-term but temporary increase in service related jobs. Consequently the County may see an overall decline in service related jobs should manufacturing employment fail to see moderate increases. However, any decline should not be significant since no large population decreases are forecast. Occupational Characteristics As may be expected Midland County has a highly trained and heavily professionally oriented work force. Table 18, Employment by Occupations, indicates that nearly 70 percent of the work force consists of professional, technical, managerial and administrative workers. The dominance of Dow Chemical Corporation and Dow Corning Corporation is very evident in this statistic. Since a majority of the future employment targeted industries also involve these workers, this trend can be expected to continue. However, the growth of these categories may be moderated should the auto industry capture a larger share of overall employment. Income by Jurisdiction Table 19 provides a breakdown Income by Jurisdiction. Higher incomes tend to be found in the City of Midland and adjacent "urbanizing" townships. Employment Projections Alternative projections of employment in Midland County are presented in Table 20. The scenario-based employment projections were developed by Woods and Poole Economics, Inc., using a regional economic forecasting model. A modification of the National Trends scenario was made to demonstrate the effect of the Midland County Growth Council's economic development strategy. Other modifications were made to show the effects of a declining job market and alternatively a stabilized manufacturing economy. All of the alternative projections are compared with the County Planning Commission's Comprehensive Plan Allocation Poli cy Employment Projection, which is correlated with the allocated population projections for the County. A breakdown of the Planning Corrmission's allocated employment projections is given in Table 21. - 56 - �I I I I Table 16 Labor Force Characteristics, Midland County Persons 16 & Older in Labor Force (1979) Town shies Eden vi 11 e Geneva Greendale Homer Hope Ingersoll Jasper Jerome Larkin Lee Lincoln Midland Mills Mt. Haley Porter Warren 895 504 508 2,243 552 1,417 494 2,026 1,544 1,498 793 1,201 616 654 463 814 Cites/Village Sanford Coleman Midland 448 590 19,862 Midland County 36,538 Source: Percent of Percent Unemployed Of Total 15 or More Labor Force Weeks 2.4% 1.4 1.4 6.1 1.5 3.8 1.3 5.5 4.2 4.1 2.1 3.2 1. 7 1.8 1.2 2.2 1.2 1.6 54.3 (w/rounding)101% 1980 Census of Population and Housing - 57 - Percent of Total Population in Labor Force 1.2% 13.7 17.3 8.2 10.9 6.1 15.2 8.2 6.9 14.2 9.1 8.7 11. 9 7.6 12.5 11.15 44% 44 41 50 44 47 44 49 47 45 48 50 42 41 42 44 9.8 14.9 5.8 52 41 53 7.8 50 �I I I I -~ ' ' ' Table 17 Employment by Industry-Historical Percent of Total Employment Midland County 1960 Industry Construction 2.3% 1968 6.0% Percent Change 1960-1968 +160% 1976 6.2% 1981 5.0% Percent Change 1976-1981 -24% 73.1 66.3 -10% 62.0 55.2 -12% 1.5 1.5 0 1.2 2.3 +92 Wholesale, Retail 10.8 11.3 +10 12.9 21.3 +65 Finance, Insurance, Real Estate 1.4 1.9 +36 2.0 2.8 +40 10.9 13.0 +19 15.4 12.0 -28 .3 1.4 N/A Manufacturing Transportation, Communication, Utilities Services Other Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census County Business Patterns 1968, 1976, 1981 Memorandum Report Number 14, July, 1972, Midland County, Michigan Midland County Department of Development - 58 - �Table 18 Employment by Occupations 1980, Midland County Percent Of All Occupations Occupational Group 22.2% 9.7 8.8 16.7 14.7 13.3 .7 12.6 1.3 Professional and Technical Managers and Administrators Sales Clerical Craft and Kindred Operatives Laborers (Non-Farm) Service Farm 100.0% Total Source: 1980 U.S. Census - 59 - �I I I I I I ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' Table 19 1979 Income by Jurisdiction, Midland County Jurisdiction Median Family Income Median Household Income Townships: $ 19,241 $ 17,909 20,221 14,805 22,948 19,167 23,598 16,645 21,113 24,794 19,803 21,860 24,607 18,947 20,217 19,286 19,572 17,903 13,712 22,136 18,477 22,233 15,774 20,174 23,657 18,246 20,479 23,095 18,009 19,569 17,768 17,841 20,427 19,593 Coleman Midland Sanford 16,779 26,897 21,033 12,893 23,611 19,868 County: $ 23,598 $ 21,527 Edenvil 1e Geneva Greendale Homer Hope Ingersol 1 Jasper Jerome Larkin Lee Lincoln Midland Mills Mt. Haley Porter Warren Total Townships: Cities/Vi 11 age: Source: 1980 U.S. Census - 60 - �Table 20 Scenario-Based Employment Projections, Midland County (Total) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 National Trends 32,610 34,940 40,310 44,420 46,080 45,690 Local Economic Development Strategy 32,610 35,100 39,340 43,520 46,800 48,260 Slow Growth 32,610 34,870 36,120 36,790 38,880 39,160 Decline/No Growth 32,610 34,040 32,860 31,450 30,360 27,550 Comprehensive Plan Allocation Policy 32,610 34,910 38,630 41,370 43,200 43,080 SCENARIO - Source: Woods and Poole Economics, Inc. Data Pamphlets, March and July 1985 March 1986 - 61 - �I I I I I Table 21 Allocated Employment Projections, Midland County Employment 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 -Proprietors 2,200 2,710 3,140 3,640 3,990 4,080 670 1,530 670 1,940 650 2,500 620 3,020 580 3,410 510 3,570 30,410 32,300 35,490 37,720 39,210 39,000 80 100 30,320 32,840 27,100 29,740 130 35,360 32,230 150 37,570 34,590 160 160 39,050 38,840 36,270 36,340 60 70 4,680 11,670 110 50 5,080 12,650 160 30 5,070 13,340 210 230 20 10 4,910 4,400 13,900 13,900 12,430 11,440 280 230 12,400 250 13,060 280 13,600 300 13,590 310 Farm Proprietors Non-Farm Propr_ietors Wage and Salary Employment I I ' ' ' ' ' ' '• ~ Farm Non-Farm Private Employment Agricultural Svcs, Other Mining Construction Manufacturing Nondurable Mfg. Durable Mfg. Transportation,Communications and Public Utilities Wholesale Trade Retail Trade Finance, Insurance and Real Estate Services Government Employment Federal Civilian Federal Military State and Local TOTAL EMPLOYMENT Source: 70 40 3,540 12,710 770 270 3,210 1,000 670 3,480 1,270 920 3,720 1,580 1,200 3,920 1,880 1,510 3,990 2,120 1,770 3',880 630 5,860 720 6,790 770 7,660 810 8,470 830 9,040 810 9,220 3,230 3,050 3,140 2,980 2,780 2,500 130 160 2,940 150 210 2,700 140 230 2,770 120 230 2,630 110 230 2,440 100 220 2,180 32,610 34,910 38,630 41,370 43,200 43,080 Woods and Poole Economics, Inc., Comprehensive Plan Allocation Policy Scenario Data Pamphlet, March 1986 - 62 - �I I I I ' '-II " ~ ~ ' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Future Economic Development Development Strategy: The Midland County Economic Deve 1opment Council (MCEDC) contracted with the - Battelle Institute, a private research company, for an analysis and recommendations regarding the economic development of the Midland County area. As a result of the Battelle analysis, a group of "targeted" industries was identified. A targeted industry is one which attraction (or retention) efforts should be concentrated and which best matches the county's strengths to growth oriented industries. Targeted manufacturing ~ndustries identified were: • • • • • Plastic ar.d rubber products Electronic components Electric lighting, wiring equipment Motor vehicles, parts Soap, detergents, cleaning preparations • • • • • • • • Drugs Instruments Paints, varnishes and allied products Electrical machinery Metal forgings Miscellaneous fabricated materials Electrical-industrial apparatus General industrial machinery Targeted non-manufacturing activities include: • Business services - software development - data processing - professional organizations - headquarters, administrative functions - regional headquarters for insurance and banking - professional support - 63 - �I I I I I I -~ ~ ~ ~ • Specialized repair and supply services - electronics - laboratory equipment - To implement the activities designed to attract the targeted industries and to carry out a range of other development activities, the Midland County Growth Council (MCGC) pas been formed. Established under the State of Michigan's Community Growth Alliance program, the MCGC has been organized into three service delivery groups, which provide economic development assistance to businesses throughout the county. Retention and attraction efforts and related activities are concentrated in the Area Development Office (ADO), through the Midland County Economic Development Corporation. The Small Business Assistance Center (SBAC) is run by the Midland Chamber of Corrmerce while the Local Procurement Office (LPO), which assists companies in securing government contracts, is handled on the Tri-County level (Midland, Bay, Saginaw) by the Saginaw Area Corrmunity Growth Alliance. To date no activities or assignments have been made in the area of exporting. A fairly wide range of bonding, loan and tax incentives are available countywide. A number of data collecting activities are underway as a result of Battelle 1 s recommendations. Tourism: Another important potential aid to economic development is tourism and convention activities. Both are significant in the spin-off effects created by bringing outsiders to the community. Not only do these visitors spend money on lodging, food and entertainment, but their visit also exposes them to the benefits of living in Midland County. This can serve as a part of the attraction of new industrial, commercial and office facilities to the county. Midland County has established a Convention Bureau located at the Midland Chamber of Commerce offices. The Bureau was established in 1984 and presently has only one full-time staff person. The goal of the Bureau is to increase tourism and convention business throughout the county. To acomplish this goal the Bureau prepares slide shows, a trade show booth and various informational brochures and packets. - 64 - �I I I I I I I I -II II II II Primary funding for the Bureau _activities comes from a two percent assessment levied on hotel and motel room charges. Approximately $85,000 in revenue in 1987/88 is expected from this assessment. These funds are allocated by the Midland County Visitors Bureau Board of Directors, a seven member group of hotel/motel owners and other community leaders interested in tourism. A priority of targeting for convention business has been established by the Board in order to attract more groups to the county. Sport Fishing : Sport fishing is gaining new interest in the county 1 s waterways, particularly in the Tittabawassee River. According to the Midland County Visitors and Convention Bureau, over the past ten years more than one million dollars have been invested in capital and local fish planting to improve the county's rivers for recreational use. Two-thirds of the anglers come from the Bay-Midland-Saginaw area. Annual walleye fishing tournaments are held to promote tourism and recreation use. As reported by the Bureau, the goals of the new sport fishing program are to achieve 20,000 fisherman days per year on the county 1 s river systems, to generate 34 new jobs, and to create a flow of $1,350,000 per year in the local economy. Efforts to further promote sport fishing as a tourism-economic development program are described in the Tittabawassee River Fishing Enhancement Project report (1987) prepared by the Midland County Parks and Recreation Commission. Development Issues: Since the Growth Council operates on a countywide basis, a number of development issues have been identified as needing attention. Among these issues is the need for cooperation between the City of Midland and the rest of the county, particularly with regard to availability of land and utilities. In this regard, more involvement by the townships will be needed. One significant vehicle to increase cooperative efforts will be the county Growth Council. - 65 - �I f J J J J -J - The need for cooperation may become apparent should surrounding or outlying communities promote their areas for growth to increase their tax base. As noted in the Industrial Siting section, development in non-utility service areas has the potential for 1 ong term environmental problems. The fact that some _ industries may have objectionable aspects needing large acreages for buffering, coupled with the availability of land at lower costs, lower taxes and a community willing to grant incentives, may enhance development potential in outlying areas. Future Labor Force: Given the targeted industries and the development potential of the county, some implications for the labor force that will be needed can be estimated. As seen in the Employment By Occupations Table (Table 18, shown previously), the labor force of the county is heavily oriented toward white collar employment; craft and labor makes up less than 30 percent of the work force. Several of the targeted industries, on the other hand, require blue collar laborers in large numbers. Others will require additional skilled laborers. Therefore, it may be expected that the need for workers in the Craft and Kindred and Operatives occupations will increase. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ " ", " - 66 - �I I I I I I -~ ~ ~ , Another sector of the work force which should increase is service occupations. Much of the non-manufacturing attraction efforts and the overall employment increases will necessitate a growing service oriented economy. Declining occupations may include Clerical and Sales where new technologies, - including the use of computers and other telecommunications devices, may impact the labor intensiveness of those occupations. Industrial Siting: Given the targeted li.st of industrial and service products of the Battelle Development Strategy, and taking into account the development constraints present, the following site criteria for industrial growth are most relevant for Midland County. 1. Utilities and Energy Supplies - With the exception of the electronics and data processing, large volumes of water and sewer usage may be required for each targeted industry group. While water may be available outside of the City of Midland or the Midland Urban Growth Area, the availability of sewage disposal is limited. Energy supplies (i.e., gas and electricity) may be limited outside of urbanized locations and power transmission corridors. 2. Transportation - For each of targeted industries, possibly excluding data processing, availability of an efficient transportation network, especially highway and rail access, is essential. The corridor formed by U.S. 10 and the C & 0 Railroad fulfills this requirement. 3. Hazardous Wastes/Industrial Wastes - A major factor, particularly in the drug and chemical industries, is the availability of disposal of hazardous wastes. While Dow has provided its own facility, its availability for other chemical processors or drug manufacturers is uncertain. - 67 - �I I I I I -Ill Ill Ill 4. Land Use Policies - In nearly all of the Townships where utilities are not available the limitations on growth for industrial facilities are recognized. The availability of the other criteria, as noted in this section, tends to reinforce those policies. However, as residential development increases in some townships the need for increased tax base to support this development may create a more aggressive posture toward attracting new industrial and col11llercial development. Constraints While significant advantages exist for new industrial development, particularly in the areas of quality of life and la_bor force, future development potential may be significantly constrained in the county by the following factors. Utilities: This is the most significant hindrance to growth in the county. Without public sewer and water the range and intensity of industrial and commercial uses will continue to be limited. While the Midland Urban Growth Area (MUGA) Policy has been effective in concentrating development within the City of Midland it is apparent that annexations will continue to be contested by some surrounding units of government. In addition, these governments have some policies that indicate the promotion of new development. Should this development materialize without public utilities a significant potential for environmental problems exists. Transportation: New inventory and production procedures, particularly those such as the "Just In Time" supplier system where inventories of production facilities are del iherately kept at a minimum, make transportation networks a critical item. Midland County is disadvantaged in that the regional North-South link to other industrial markets, 1-75, is some distance from the county, although a suitable connection does exist. In addition, no major regional East-West link is available. - 68 - �Income Projections In order to project income figures for Midland County the 1979 per capita, median family and median household incomes were taken from 1980 Census data and converted to 1984 dollars using the Consumer Price Index (C.P.I.) figures for 1979 and 1984. - To estimate future incomes the Woods and Poole scenarios for Slow Growth and National Trends were consulted for per capita income growth at five-year intervals to 2005. These two scenarios were used because population and household projections were based on them and the rate of change of both was nearly identical. Per capita income percentage changes were then applied to the county figures to complete the projections. The results are noted on the fo 11 ow i ng tab 1e • Table 22 Midland County Per Capita, Family and Household Income Projections Midland Countt Per Caeita Income Median Household Income Median Fami lt Income 1980 Census 8,052 21,527 23,598 1980 adjusted 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 $11,512 $11,742 $12,447 $13,007 $13,332 $13,465 $30,777 $31,393 $33,277 $33,738 $34,412 $36,477 $38,118 $39,071 $39,462 Note: $34,774 $35,643 $35,999 A11 figures are in 1984 constant dollars (no inflation factor). Source: WBDC, Inc. Estimates. The estimates were completed by using the following formula: 1979 dollars 1984 dollars .,....,,..,:-=---=--,,,....._,,,- = _ __ ,,_.....,,-1979 C.P.I. 1984 C.P.I. 1980 Census (reflects 1979 income) - 69 - �I I I PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT RELATIONSHIPS The purpose of this section is to describe and analyze plans formulated by other governmental bodies and agencies which have some relevance to or affect on Midland County. This is accomplished in order to ensure that the greatest degree of coordination between the various planning initiatives is obtained. It is important to recognize that the planning authority of the County is a part of a broad range of other governmental and quasi-governmental authorities. STATE OF MICHIGAN PLANS The State of Michigan conducts planning initiatives in a number of functional areas relating to statewide needs. For the purposes of this Plan these areas have been divided into three categories; Recreation, Transportation, and Natural Resources and Environment. Recreation Michigan Recreation Plan, 1985, Michigan Department of Natural Resources: This Plan identifies overall statewide recreation goals and presents data and program elements designed to implement these goals. Midland County is included with Isabella, Gratiot, Saginaw anrl Bay Counties as a planning region. Therefore, the data in the Plan includes these other counties, known as Region 7A. Michigan Recreation Action Program, 1985-86, Michigan Department of Natural Resources: The Action Program is an annua 1 e 1ement of the Recreation Pl an and, as such, describes events of the previous year as well as expected events for the coming year. Of note for Midland County's use is the Project Evaluation Criteria list for the Michigan Land and Water Conservation Fund (LAWCON) program. The LAWCON program provides matching grant funds to Michigan communities for outdoor recreational activities. Up to $250,000 is available on a per project basis. The following evaluation criteria have been established by the MDNR pursuant to funding a project: - 70 - �1. Project must meet a need identified in a community 1 s local recreation plan. 2. Ability of project to meet recreation deficiencies indicated in the State Recreation Plan. 3. Relationship of project to non-residential demand. 4. Response of proposed project to other plan issues. 5. Administrative capability of applicant. 6. Relationship of project to water resources. 7. Relationship of project to special populations such as the low-income. 8. Use of significant natural resources. 9. Proximity of project to urban population. Michigan Trails System Plan, 1980, Michigan Department of Natural Resources: The purpose of this Plan is to outline programs for the development of recreational trail systems for bicycling, hiking, snowmobiling, horseback riding, off-road vehicles and cross-country skiing. Four development alternatives are presented, with no particular preference stated. The alternatives are: 1. More trails on State lands and more trails on non-State land with State support. 2. More trails .on State land, no State support for non-State trails. 3. No new trails on State land, increased State spending for non-State trails. 4. Present development system continued. The only direct notation of Midland County is a map showing a portion of a long distance off-road vehicle trail starting in the Sanford area and continuing North into Gladwin County and beyond. - 71 - �I J J Transportation Michigan State Transportation Plan, 1982-1990, 1982, Michigan Department of Transportation: This important document represents a description of the goals and policies of the State Transportation Commission for the 1982-1990 period. In doing so, the Plan identifies transportation needs, programs, funding resources and priorities and management of resources. One policy direction of the Plan of interest to Midland County, as it is to all local governments, is the emphasis on increasing the role of local government in transportation funding and service. The Plan also links the roles of transportation and economic development. ·• Michigan Highway and Transportation: Non-Motorized Needs, 1984-85, Michigan Department of Act 51 of Michigan Public Acts of 1951, require that MOOT evaluate the street systems of various units of government to ascertain where funding priorities should be placed. The result of this assessment is a computer listing of county roads and streets which identifies significant characteristics. Michigan State Airport System Plan (Through 1990), 1974, Michigan Department of State Highways and Transportation (MOOT): The purpose of this Plan is to provide for the "orderly and timely development of a system of airports adequate to meet the air transportation needs of Michigan." The Midland Jack Barstow Airport and Saginaw (Tri-City) Airport are the recognized facilities for Midland County for General Utility and Passenger Jet air service. No new facilities are deemed necessary in this Plan. Michigan Scheduled Air Service Study (Summary Report), 1978, Michigan Department of State Highways and Transportation (MOOT): One of the essential elements of transportation into, around, and from the state is commercial air service. This Study investigated the adequacy and future needs of existing airports with scheduled air services. The Saginaw Tri-City Airport is included in the report. - 72 - �I J J Significant in this report is an approximate 250 percent enplanement (aircraft boarding) increase at the Saginaw (Tri-City} Airport from 1965 to 1976, one of the greatest increases in the State. In addition, the only deficiency in air service adequacy indicated was the Saginaw-Cleveland route. Michigan's Transportation Transportation: . Needs 1983-1994, 1984, Michigan Department of The Needs study identifies goals and issues, describes the existing modes of transportation (passenger and freight}, forecasts available revenues and assigns priorities. The Needs study is used as a base document from which the State Transportation Plan is derived. Michigan Railroad Plan, Transportation (MOOT}; 1975, Michigan Department of State Highways and This Plan was necessitated · by the Federal Railroad Administration as a prerequisite for rail subsidy applications. Since 1975 the State of Michigan has shifted its funding priorities away from rail operating subsidies to the extent that no such subsidies are in existence. Therefore, the significance of this Plan has been negated. Natural Resources and Environment Michigan's Forest Resources, Direction for the Future, 1983, Michigan Department of Natural Resources: Early in Michigan's history forestry management was non-existent. Wholesale clearing of timber resources decimated the logging economy of the area. In the years since the national and state perspective on forestry resources has shifted from neglect to protection and management. This Plan recognizes the economic value of forest resources while supporting increased management of forest lands. It should be noted that within the context of the Plan, recreation is also recognized as a significant use of forested lands. - 73 - �Michigan's Oil Resources: and Gas Fields, 1980, 1982, Michigan Department of Natural This inventory and statistical summary indicates that through 1980 (from 1925) Midland County had produced the second highest volume of oil production and number of oil wells of any county in Michigan. New oil wells an~ production continues in Midland County but not at the rate of prior years. Michigan Solid Waste Management Plan, 1978, Michigan Department of Natural Resources: This Plan examined the status of current waste management problems and practices, investigated available techniques and recolTITlended future planning efforts. - 74 - �REGIONAL PLANS Adjacent Counties Most plans for adjacent counties are outdated or in the process of being updated. A review of the comprehensive plans that are available did not reveal any land use conflicts. Other plans deal principally with economic development issues. The plans reviewed included: • • • • Saginaw County Development Plan, 1970-1990 Gratiot Overall Economic Development Program Gladwin County Economic Development Project Report A Comprehensive Plan to Guide and Assist the Official and the Private Citizen of Isabella County • Gratiot County Zoning Ordinance • Isahella County Comprehensive Plan (1986) East Central Michigan Planning and Development Region THE ECMPDR (Region 7) has completed a number of plans with some relevance to Midland County. Bicycle Plan (1982): Following a general discussion of biking as a mode of transportation, a map is included which identifies roads the Michigan Department of Natural Resources recognizes as suitable for biking. Overall Economic Development Program (OEDP) Reports (1985 and 1986): In order to qualify for grant funds which may be available through the Economic Development Administration (EDA), which is a part of the U.S. Department of Commerce, potential projects must be consistent with the annual OEDP. The OEDP also describes a general development strategy which presents an historical perspective as well as future directions. Of significance in this rlocument is the discussion of the Midl and nuclear plant and the effects on the community of its closing. - 75 - �LOCAL GOVERNMENT PLANS Each township, the Village of Sanford and the cities of Midland and Coleman have master plans, or comprehensive plans. These plans vary widely as to detail, information provided and degree of adequacy for planning purposes. Most, however, have either stated or inferred goals upon which their plans are based. These goals have been synthesized and stated in general terms for the purpose of establishing goals for the county. One significant problem that exists throughout the county is a general lack of consistency in the format and content of adopted master pl ans. Some of the inconsistencies and deficiencies noted include: • • • • • • Lack of clearly stated goals. Inconsistent methodologies to determine existing and future land use, land use and population projections, economic development projections, or other related planning elements. Mapping differences in scale and information depicted. Lack of coordination with surrounding governmental units. Use of questionable data. Out-dated plans. From the information that was available some common goals, policies or directions were evident. These were used in the formulation of the overall county land use goals. Municipal Goals and Policies An inventory of each community 1 s master plan was conducted to determine areas of consistency and to identify any conflicts. Many of the goals and policies between communities that were either specifically listed or could be inferred were similar in nature; some were duplicated in two or more townships. For the most part, the stated or inferred goals and policies of the municipalities were relatively consi<;tent. The conflicts that do exist appear minor and are summarized below the goal. - 76 - �I I I I I Agri cultura 1: Although not all areas in agricultural production may be considered as prime farmland, those areas under cultivation should be maintained and protected against the intrusion of low density residential uses and public ut i1 it i es. Conflicts: A number of the master plans recognized the value of agriculture but noted that the soils were not particularly suited for extensive agricultural use. In those instances emphasis was placed on those areas which might be identified as prime agricultural land. Residential: Where public water and sewer service availability is limited or non-existent, residential use should be limited . to large lots, generally one acre or greater. Higher density residential development should be limited to locations with existing adequate sewer and water systems. Future areas should be planned where utilities might be provided at a later time. A range of housing styles and types should be provided. Mobile homes accommodate the need for lower cost housing, however, more detailed regulations are needed to ensure compatibility with other housing types. Conflicts: No clear conflicts are evident although a number of plans identify mobile home development as an issue to be addressed. Several plans report rapid increases in the use of mobile homes on individual lots and mobile home parks. Some townships state the need for more restrictive residential zoning classifications or mobile home regulations. Commercial: Commercial development should be limited to areas provided; generally 1ocated at major intersections or a1ong major streets. Strip shopping areas should be discouraged. - 77 - �I I I I I I I Commercial establishments should be limited to those which accorTmodate the immediate needs of local Except for these communities there is a limited market for other than local resident's needs. Conflicts: The only clear conflict identified through the master plans occurred as a result of a proposed regional shopping center in Larkin Township, just North of the City of Midland. In that instance Larkin Township's goal of maintaining a low density residential community was in conflict with the plan for the shopping center. Industrial: 1· Light J Expanded shopping opportunities are available in Midland, Mt. Pleasant, Shepherd, Coleman and Sanford. I r residents. Industrial development is limited because of a lack of utility service. industrial industrial uses uses should are appropriate in some instances but heavy be discouraged where utilities are unavailable. Where possible industrial parks should be developed or planned in areas where utilities might be expected. Conflicts: Some degree of difference between community pl ans was in the area of industrial development. Two relatively defined -- approaches were evident. --- limited by locational factors, such as highway and rail access, In the majority of cases, the plans recognized that the potential for industrial development was and by the lack of proper utilities. Other plans indicated the need for industrial development to help expand the local economy and strengthen the tax base. In J the case of Midland Township this pol icy is proper given its --- Townships ,- r relationship to the City of Midland. appear willing to Edenville and Greendale accept future industrial devel0pment and have outlined the conditions under which that growth should occur. - 78 - �No resolution of these differences is necessary because the plans which identify strong economic growth as a goal have well reasoned approaches toward achieving their goals. Recreational: Adequate recreational areas should be provided for all residents and visitors. Many areas have extensive recreational resources that should be maintained and preserved from appropriate development. Conflicts: No conflicts were apparent in the recreation goals. Environmental: Natural areils, including forest resources, floodplains, river areas, lakes and shore lines, should be preserved from development. The use of these areas for private recreation should be encouraged as a way to preserve these resources. Groundwater quality should be protected through proper utility planning and control over septic and well systems. Conflicts: No conflicts were apparent in the environmental goals. Future Land Use Composition A composite of generalized future land uses as depicted in the local plans is illustrated on the Future Land Use Composition Map (Figure 9). The map portrays the general land use goals common to most municipalities. However, not all the municipalities address the same future land use categories as proposed in the updated Comprehensive Plan for the county. - 79 - �II II II Ill Ill II •II • • C I O II Ill T t \' P'fi ,1Jt viii L II z C ..J 11. FIGURE 9 w > u, z w z :c C FUTURE LAND USE COMPOSITION ~( LEGEND - , w CJ ~ .. 11. RESIDENTIAL ~ COMMERCIAL filIIliliill INDUSTRIAL ~ PUBLIC/CONSERVATION CJ AGRICULTURAL :c - :E 0 0 :E 0 .. > > I- I- z z :::, :::, 0 0 Q Q 0 0 z z C C ..J ..J Q Q - -:E :E I I I SOURCE: MIDLAND COUNTY LOCAL PLANS I I I �I I I I • • • • "-, Ill TRANSPORTATION This section describes how transportation facilities both support the county and help shape its development. Much of the system has been built in response to growth in the county. However, in many instances the provision of a major facility has indirectly induced development. By recognizing that relationship and defining deficiencies in the system, the county can protect a major public investment and efficiently allocate future expenditures • TRAFF IC Traffic statistics for the county are incomplete or non-existent. State highway traffic figures were taken from the Statewide Traffic Flow map (1983) and are noted on the Existing Street and Highway Functional Classification System map (Figure 10) • An improved system of obtaining traffic counts would benefit not only the County Road Corrrnission in determining traffic and road conditions but local and county planning efforts as well. A comprehensive look at traffic patterns could assist in the determination of the best locations for commercial and industrial uses, planning for new roads and numerous other applications. Without current and accurate traffic information sound planning decisions are difficult to make and federal aid may be affected, including the following aid program funds: 1. Federal Aid Urban System funds. 2. Federal Aid Secondary System funds. 3. Federal Aid Hazardous Elimination Safety funds. 4. Federal Aid Critical Bridge funds. Major Thoroughfares The County recognizes three major classifications of roads. These classifications and descriptions follow. The Existing Street and Highway Functional Classification System Map depicts these routes. (Note: a similar classification system is presently being revised by the Michigan Department of Transportation (MOOT). The Highway and Street Functional Classification system section, which follows this section, describes the proposed classifications.) - 81 - �I I I I I I • • • -.. State Trunklines: These are major routes falling under the jurisdiction of the Michigan Department of Transportation. Their primary purpose is to facilitate through traffic movements in conjunction with the statewide highway system. Some direct land access may al ~o be present, such as along M-20, M-18 and M-30, however, most automobile service needs are accommodated at highway interchange points. County Primary: These afe routes serving longer distance trips between major points of destination within the county. Primary roads are planned to facilitate through traffic movements but allow direct access for homes and businesses. There are presently about 289 miles of County Primary roads • County Local: The Local street system provides the travel network within the county necessary to serve areas of population. This system allows free access to homes and businesses and is designed for short to medium length trips connecting to the primary and state trunkl i ne roads. There are presently about 580 mil es of County Local roads. The Existing Street and Highway Functional Classification System map does not include the more detailed road classifications found in the county's cities and village. However, the systems of these governmental units are designed to link with the County 1 s. Also depicted on the Existing Street and Highway Functional Classification System map are county and local road bridges which have undergone a structural inventory and appraisal. Some of these bridges have been closed to traffic because of poor condition. Others have been posted and 1imited by weight of veh ic les. - 82 - �I I I I I I • • • HIGHWAY AND STREET FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM (PROPOSED) Streets have two basic roles in the transportation system, 1) to allow through traffic movement and 2) to provide access to adjacent land uses. Some streets serve one role more than the other. For example, a highway is typically designed for traffic movement, while the main function of a local residential street is to provide access to homes. The inherent problem is that those two roles often conflict, such as along Designed to enhance 1ong di stance tr ave 1 , M-2O certain segments of M-2O. serves travelers between Midland and areas to the west. However, as the frontage properties developed, access became an important function. Vehicles entering and exiting those uses disrupt the longer distance travelers, creating periodic congestion, accidents and driver frustration. To help limit the conflicts between traffic movement and access, the County should coordinate transportation and land use decisions. This can be facilitated by designating streets according to their functional purpose. The process of grouping roadways according to the character of service they are intended to provide is called functional classification. Functional classification systems for roadways is used by the Federal Highway Administration and the Michigan Department of Transportation to help make decisions on where to spend limited funds. The county could use the system in a similar manner, thereby helping to protect the public investment in the roadway systems. The system is shown on the accompanying Proposed Street and Highway Functional Cl ass ifi cation System map (Figure 11). The proposed system for the City of Midland uses the national-state 'urban functional classification system,' which i s functionally interrelated with the 'rural' system. The proposed functional classification established by the State and Federal outside an area defined as urbanized designated by the State as "Rural." hierarchy of roads will help produce assist in decision-making. The Midland general critPria: system for Midland County uses criteria road authorities. Since the roads lie (the City of Midland), they have been Planning which is conscious of this an efficient transportation system and County System was based on the following - 83 - �I I I I • • • • •II .. .. Rural Major Arterials (example U.S. 10) • • • • • • Primary role is movement of traffic through the State. Long length. High traffic volumes and vehicle speeds. Limited number of access points, minimum interference to through movement • Limited number of traffic control devices. Generally less than five percent of overall Rural System • Rural Minor Arterials (example M-20) • • • • • • • • Primary role is movement of traffic between cities • Long length. High traffic volumes and vehicle speeds • Serve major traffic generators (Industrial areas, etc.). Spaced at intervals to ensure that all developed areas are within a reasonable distance. Somewhat limited number of access points which interfere with through traffic. Traffic control devices (signals) favor arterial traffic. Typically ten percent of overall Rural System. Rural Major Collectors (example Coleman Road) • • • • • • • • Primary role is movement of traffic within the County. Shorter than arterials • Moderate traffic volumes and speeds • Serve traffic generators such as major schools, county parks, small towns and important agricultural areas • Provide connections with arterial roads • Numerous access points for adjacent development • Traffic control is often through signals and/or signs • Typically ten percent of overall Rural System • - 84 - �I I I I I I • •II •.. .., _. Rural Minor Collectors (example Stark Road) • • • • • • Dual role of traffic movement and access to adjacent land uses. Shorter length (typically less than 10 miles long). Low to moderate traffic volumes, moderate speeds. Serve smaller communities and local traffic generators. Spaced at intervals to collect traffic from local roads and transport Major Collectors and Arterials. Approximately 15 percent of overall Rural System. Local Streets (example the various segments of Miller Road) • • • • • • Include all roads not classified under above categories. Primary role is to provide access to adjacent land uses • Short length. Low traffic volumes and speeds. Provide short distance connections with higher classed roads. Include 60 percent or more of the roads in the County System. SYSTEM IMPROVEMENTS In addition to classifying the existing system, the County Comprehensive Plan also indicates where new road construction should be considered. These projects would compliment the proposed land use and provide logical routing throughout the county. The projects to be considered include: Homer Road Bridge This project would provide an additional crossing of the Pine River, improving access for emergency vehicles, school buses and residents. The project would connP.ct with Gordonville Road forming a new Rural Major Collector Route, and serve the commercial node at Isabella Road {M-20) and Homer Road. West Midland North-South Corridor Alignment Study This project would provide a much needed north-south connector along the western fringe of the City of Midland. The project would provide a link between two - 85 - �I I I I • • • • • " arterial routes thereby complimenting the existing system. Improved access for Pmergency vehicles and daily traffic would also compliment development patterns. Since the exact alignment of this connector requires further study, the corridor study area is shown on the Comprehensive Plan (Figure 17). - l:astman Road This project inclurles widening Eastman Road and improving the interchange with IJ.S. 10. The road should he widened to either five lanes or preferably four lanPs with a houlevard median, to serve a proposed major retail development. The interchange should be redesigned to allow efficient traffic movement, espPcially rluring peak periods • r.0111pletion the 11.s. 10/M-20 Interchange This project a.ffects accessibility in Midland County, although it lies just east of the county line. The interchange should be reconstructed to allow both on and off movements in both directions • Magruder Connector (M-18 to South County Line) The extension of Magruder and connection with M-18 would provide the western half of the r.ounty with a north-south minor arterial route. This project should hP considered near the end of the planning horizon for this report. Snlzb1Jrg Road Improvement This project would upgrade existing Salzburg Road to an Urban Minor Arterial sta.t11s between South Saginaw Road and the M-47/Salzburg Road interchange. An Urhan Minor Arterial is functionally the same as a Rural Major Collector in the context of thp national-state functional classification system. The improved road c;ho1Jld be constr11cted for all season conditions to continue serving the Dow 1.he111ica.l-Dow Corning industrial area. ~PlatPd Plans and Programs SPveral transportation including: related plans and - 86 - programs are also recommended, I I ' �I I I I I I I • • • "- • A Traffic Count Program to determine changing traffic patterns and help rleter~ine priorities of road improvements. • An updated and continuously maintained Sign Inventory Program to ensure the regulatory signs meet safety standards and are regularly maintained. • A Non-motorizerl Trail Plan to improve the recreational opportunities for hicyclists, joggers. etc. • Corrirlor sturlies of major commercial strip areas to identify techniques to improve traffic operations, safety, aesthetics and business vitality. The street segments which should be considered for this type of linear study include M-20 (City limits to Meridian Road), Saginaw (Sanford to Dublin Road and possibly extending to Ray City Road upon agreement of the City of Midland). PlJRLir. TRANSIT Inter-county transit services are provided only by the Bay Metro Transit Company to the Midland Hospital Center for Bay County residents. The City of Midland opPrates n Oial-A-Ride rlemand response system. Trnnsit service needs have received a great deal of attention, particularly since 1981. In that year, the County Board of Commissioners approved a report entitled, A Sturly of Coordination or Consolidation Opportunities for Transportation Services in Midland County, Michigan, (COTRANS) report. The need for this study was promoted by the defeat of a millage vote on a proposal to establish a countywide transportation system. That question was defeated by a 65 percent to 35 percent margin. Only Jerome and Lincoln Townships had favorahle votes. Although defeated, the millage outcome did not diminish the need for public transit. The vote followed the operation of a county Dial-A-Ride system in 1977 and 1978 which was functed h_y the State of Michiga11 and fare box receipts. The COTRANS study concludect that the system, while achieving some success, did not have the opportunity to realize its full potential. The millage vote was proposed as the fonrling vehicle to continue the system. - 87 - �I I I I I I • • •II II II After an analysis of a number of alternative approaches to providing countywide transit service, the COTRANS recommended the development of a Limited County/City Service public transportation system providing a modest level of service to outcounty residents. This alternative was adopted by the County Planning Commission and Board of Commissioners in 1981, but was not implemented because of financing uncertainties. In 1982 a countywide survey was conducted to determine needs and levels of satisfaction with county services and programs. A survey question on a countywi de Di a1-A-Ri de system found genera 1 agreement that such a system was needed. No follow-up questions were asked regarding willingness to finance such a system • In May of 1985 a report was issued by the Department of County Development on the Midland County Transportation Service Needs Survey. This report was asked for by the County Board of Commissioners in response to a request for planning assistance from the Midland County Council on Aging. The Council noted that, in their opinion, there was a significant need for countywide transportation services. As a follow-up to the May 1985 Transportation Service Needs Survey, the Midland County Department of County Development distributed questionaires to 56 human service organizations. Ten of the organizations are public school districts. Of the 46 human service agencies contacted, 27 non-school agencies responded to the questionaire. Of the 27 non-school respondents, 22 agencies indicated that they have clients in need of transportation. Ten of the 27 respondents said their agencies provide transportation for their clients. Survey findings indicated that statistical data are not available to show current ridership or to gauge future bus ridership. Such data can be generated only _after a trial period of operating a countywide bus transit system or by relating Midlanci County to similar counties that are using countywide bus transit systems for both the general public and human service agency clients. - 88 - �Ii Iii Ii • • • • •Ill Ill Based on the recent survey, it was determined it would not be reasonable to conclude that one could decide either way whether Midland County should have a countywide bus transit system. One could assume that there is a need for a bus transit system to serve the general public and thus directly provide transportation for the clients of Midland County's human service agencies. Based on the previous survey (May 1985}, 22 agencies reported that they were definitely inter·e sted in a new small bus transportation service. The current survey (October 1986) would seem to substantiate this level of interest in that over one-half of the agencies reported that their clients are in need of transportation services • It has been recommended by the County Planning Commission that a "Limited County/City Service System" be initiated. The system would involve a six bus system with one spare bus. The possibility of combining the system with the City of Midland Dial-A-Ride system was noted as part of the recommendation. RAIL Rail freight service is provided by a Chesapeake and Ohio (C & O} line running diagonally from the northwest to southeast paralleling U.S. 10. (Note: Potential vacation of the C & 0 system is currently under consideration.) This line passes through the City of Coleman, Village of Sanford, and City of Midland and services the Dow Chemical Company Michigan Division. A rail line from Bay City also services the Dow Chemical Company. These are privately held and operated and receive no State assistance in any form. AIR Jack Barstow Airport This facility is a general aviation airport located west of the Midland County Fairground, north of U.S. 10 and West of Eastman Road. There are two paved, lighted runways, each 3,000 feet in length by 75 feet in width. About 65 aircraft are based at the Airport while approximately 26,000 total aircraft operations (takeoffs and landings) occur each year. - 89 - �I I I I • • • • • ~ Over the past few years a decline been evident at Barstow Airport. but is a nationwide trend. in the number of aircraft operations has This decline is not isolated to Midland County The decline is generally attributed to general economic conditions, the high price of aviation gasoline in comparison with automobile gas and fewer planes in operation. flight school training activities At Barstow the reduction in also has contributed to a decline in air traffic • Possible future improvements may include lengthening of existing runways to 3,800 feet, with a corresponding extension of parallel taxiways, expansion of runway aprons and taxiways, improvements to runway and taxiway lighting, modernization of approach aids and other general improvements to the grounds • Tri-City Airport Tri-City Airport is located in Freeland, Michigan, on 2,400 acres and provides air carrier service for Midland County. this facility. Five airlines currently operate from Two runways are available; the main runway, 8,000 feet in length by 150 feet in width and the crosswind runway, 5,500 feet in length by 150 feet in width. Runways are paved, grooved to remove excess water and reduce hydroplaning, lighted with a full range of radar and navigational aids. About 16,000 air carrier and 35,000 general aviation, military and air taxi aircraft operations Airport were Master conducted Plan, in 1984. expected to The airport be completed is currently updating the in early 1987. Under consideration are new or extended runways, expanded aircraft service areas and additional vehicle parking. - 90 - �t u: FIGURE 10 e L A O W I rlJ! ti1 Viii EXISTING STREET AND HIGHWAY I! FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM Cl) " ..., LEGEND "" i=====l===ii.:::=1 . ."_._• . : r'-1--··-::!:~~·· ro+. 'nl'r'-f-~llir-----11--~-~- ~ ~.. - - - - STATE TRUNKLINE z t-::~-=l\'"1-+- ~ """""'=b~+=+=r=f==4==1===4==~~L--,,,,.,,la " --------- COUNTY PRIMARY ROAD I . > (/) z w :c zc( PRIMARY ROAD BRIDGE 0 0.. w ---i- COUNTY LOCAL ROAD □ c( ..I "_j m LOCAL ROAD BRIDGE w a: 0.. C, :c - :E 0 0 :E 0 C CLOSED BRIDGE p BRIDGE POSTED FOR WEIGHT LIMITS . > .... >.... z z ROADS SUITABLE FOR BICYCLING (IDENTIFIED BY D.N.R.l ::::> ::::> .,..-000 0 0 0 0 0 0 c( ..I c( ..I AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC COUNT (1983) rli-000 V z z 24 HOUR TRAFFIC COUNT (1985) (D NORTH SAGINAW RD. @ EASTMAN RD. @ AIRPORT RD. (NO. OF U.S. 10) @ EASTMAN RD, @ WACKERLY RD. (SO. OF U.S. 101 © WHEELER RD. @ CITY LIMITS @ WALDO RD. @ CITY LIMITS @ BAY CITY RD. @ ROCKWELL DR. (BAY-MIDLAND CO. LINE) (D SOUTH SAGINAW RD. @ WALDO RD./GORDONVILLE RD. @ SOUTH SAGINAW RD. @ SALZBURG RD. @ GEORGE ST. (POSEYVILLE RD.) @ CITY LIMITS @) (SABELLA RD. IM-20)@ VANCE RD. @ -0:E 0-:E CITY LIMITS I I I I SOURCE: 1. MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION 2. ::: ~ MIDLAND CITY ENGINEER C O V 1' T y • - ,.... ..... ..... ·11 f., i ! :i1 i I: f'f I c! a 1!.I - - - - - - ~ - - - - - - - - - - - ~ c_,..·_·-·• · ·___JI-- J �G O u +--"ll----t--'------- I L A0• 1 t •-•• y P' ,11! 1i vlii I\ '+,'-+.-t-1;~-..+--=~~~---i-,_,....,.._....._.=1- ++ t--t----t---t--t--+----1-4-,_aal,, ~ """"=".I~ ~ .+ z c( ~ FIGURE 11 T .--r • :----0-"-+. ,: ' ~.. • ,.J l\.\s.i--+--- -J-~--,..,~-t---1--.-,.....,.....~ Q. PROPOSED STREET AND HIGHWAY w FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM UJ > z w z ::J: c( Q. ::J: • > > ...z ...z :E 0 0 :E 0 RURAL MAJOR ARTERIALS RURAL MINOR ARTERIALS ■■■■•••• (!J a: LEGEND -■■- w :::::, :::::, RURAL MAJOR COLLECTORS 0 0 C C c( c( ,.J ,.J 0 RURAL MINOR COLLECTORS 0 z z LOCAL STREETS -:E C-:E C I I I SOURCE: MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION • I I 'JI I,• j ,,., 1 • • f ' O f C O U W T , •" , ,.,,. ., •i1 ~II c o. u • 1 • t .... ·- ,._ ,_ - - - - - - - . . . -_ _ _ _ _ _ _.._•_ _ _ _ _ •••_ _ _ _ _ _ n.r-i....ri_lC•ll_ . •_ •- - _ • ___ I !: fi i _Ji-- ] �COMMUNITY FACILITIES Community facilities, such as schools, parks and libraries are elements that can set one community apart from another. Other less visible elements such as _ utilities, waste management and governmental services also shape the character of Midland County. This section describes the wealth of community facilities in the county and how they should be maintained and planned for the future. UTILITIES AND SERVICES Sanitary Sewer Two municipal sanitary sewer systems are in operation in the county. The City of Coleman operates a lagoon treatment system which serves the entire city. The lagoons are lcr.ated on a 40-acre site northeast of the city, south of U.S. 10. There are three lagoon cells ; one nine-acre primary cell and two additional cells of four acres each which receive approximately 146,000 gallons per day. There are no industrial wastes flowing into the system. No problems have been reported in meeting treatment standards and no expansions are planned. By design lagoon systems typically serve limited areas and moderate volumes of waste. Consequently service extensions at any distance into adjoining townships would necessarily be limited. The second municipal sewer system is operated by and within the City of Midland. Most areas within the city have sewer service available and capacities exist for serving a greater area. The City of Midland has adopted a sewer and water extension policy known as the MUGA or Midland Urban Growth Area. Simply stated, the MUGA policy is that utility service will only be provided if one of two conditions occur. If a property is inside the MUGA boundary but outside the City limits utilities will be provided if the property is annexed. If outside the MUGA boundary, utilities will only be provided to a governmental agency. The only instance in which this has happened is in the Midland County Water District No. 1. Water The need for potable water supplies in the county is acute because of the generally poor groundwater quality caused by brine deposits. Most areas of the - 93 - �county depend on groundwater for water supplies. The areas covered by public water services include the City of Midland, the City of Coleman and Midland County Water District No. 1. - Midland County Water District No. 1 is administered by the Midland County Department of Public Works. Actual water supplies are purchased by the Midland County Water Dtstrict No. 1 from the City of Midland and distributed in accordance with the City's MUGA policy. Areas served in Water District No. 1 include the Village of Sanford and portions of Lincoln and Jerome Townships irm,ediately adjacent to the Village. The City of Coleman's water system is supplied by two 12-inch diameter, deep wells which pump an average of 180,000 gallons per day. covered by water mains. Most of the city is A 200,000 gallon elevated storage tank has also been constructed. The City of Midland's water system falls under the same extension policy, through the MUGA, as the sewer. Solid Waste Management Midland County has taken an active planning role in the area of solid waste management. completed. In 1983, the Midland County Solid Waste Management Plan was That document was developed under the auspices of Public Act 641, the Sol id Waste Management Act. 1984 with preparation of Implementation of the report was started in special studies concerning a county office paper recycling project, a volunteer recycling program, and an update of the data base pursuant to evaluating potential county has development feasibility completed and a series solid waste disposal of guidelines/regulations related waste management studies of potential sites. activities, resource recovery and Presently, the governing landfill is continuing with projects as well as implementing a volunteer recycling program. Waste Generation: Excluding agricultural wastes, approximately 334 tons of solid waste enter the county's waste stream each day and must be disposed of by public or private means. By the year 2000, the County's Sol id Waste Management Pl an estimates that 434 tons per day of solid waste will be generated. - 94 - �• • • • • • • • •II Ill .. Waste Collection: The only public collection service is provided by the City of Midland Department of Public Works, which collects businesses, and small industries. waste from city residents, corrmercial Large commercial and industrial establish- ments in Midland County contract private haulers for collection service on an individual basi _s. disposal Even Dow Chemical and Dow Corning, which operate their own facilities, contract with private haulers for collection of office waste. Most townships provide for some form of optional pickup by private haul€rs. or contracted door to door Lee and Lincoln Townships provide transfer stations where residents may choose to deposit their own trash. Mt. Haley and Porter Townships have arranged to have trucks park at the township hall. deposit their trash in these trucks on a periodic basis. Residents may There are seven private haulers operating in the county • Waste Disposal: Sol id waste is disposed of through facilities both within and outside the county. Landfil 1s: The City of Midland operates a Type II sanitary landfill, the only municipallyowned and -operated 1 andfil 1 in Midland County. Type I I 1 andfi 11 s are designed to handle non-hazardous wastes such as typical municipal garbage and trash. city landfill is a 100-acre site which handles primarily residential and commercial waste. The City has acquired two adjacent 40-acre parcels for future expansion, extending the projected life of the landfill to the year 2000. additional The quarter section of land adjacent to the landfill An may also be available for expansion purposes. Approximately 500,000 cubic yards of waste are handled at the City of Midland landfill each year. About three-fourths of this waste is collected by the City. The City recently stopped accepting refuse from outside Midland County in order to extend the life of the 1 andfi 11 • Waste is accepted from a 11 - 95 - of Midland �,--------------------------------------------....ii■ ■ • • • • • • •II - County, but non-city residents and private haulers must pay a higher tipping fee. For this reason, only waste from the City of Midland and Porter Township regularly enters the landfill • - Dow Chemical and Dow Corning both handle a portion of the solid waste generated at their plants at their respective hazardous waste landfills. Dow Chemical has recently received an operating license for a 152-acre hazardous waste landfill. In addition to hazardous waste, this facility handles app~oximately 3,000 cubic yards per month of solid waste, comprised primarily of non-combustible packaging and processing waste. The anticipated life of this landfill is 30 years • Dow Corning has recently upgraded an existing hazardous waste l andfi 11 and obtained an operating license from the Michigan Department of Natural Resources • The completed facility handles about 20,000 cubic yards of waste annually. Fifteen to twenty percent of this amount is comprised of hazardous waste, and the remainder is sol id waste which has been exposed to hazardous waste. The facility has the capacity to handle a total of 300,000 cubic yards of waste over its 25-year life. Private haulers in Midland County dispose of waste in a variety of out-of-county landfills. These disposal facilities include: the Isabella County Landfill and People's Garbage Disposal facility in Saginaw County. Only the People's Garbage Disposal facility is licensed at the present time. Use of the Saginaw facility is short-term at best, limited to 1988, or continuation with existing haulers' contracts with no volume increases. Some waste is hauled to Gratiot County for transfer to a landfill outside the county. A construction permit for a new Type II sanitary landfill tentatively planned for location in Section 35 of Lincoln Township was denied by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources. The landfill, proposed by Peoples Garbage Disposal, Inc., would primarily serve the surrounding rural residential area. It would have a projected capacity of 1,100,000 cubic yards and life of 28 years. Transfer Facilities There are two licensed, publicly owned, Type B transfer stations in operation in Midland County: the Lee and Lincoln Township transfer facilities. Type B - 96 - �• • • • • • • • • facilities are designed to handle primarily residential from vehicles unloaded by hand. and commercial waste Both facilities accept primarily residential waste and are experiencing no significant operational problems. Private haulers in Midland County also use the Tri-County Transfer Station located in Gratiot County • Incinerators Dow Chemical operates two incinerators in conjunction with Dow Corning. The incinerators burn combustible packaging and processing waste and currently do not have an energy recovery capability • Resource Recovery Facilities At present there are no solid waste resource recovery facilities in the county. Feasibility studies of a four-county regional Isabella and Midland Counties are facility to serve Bay, Gladwin, being undertaken. These studies involve technical and economical evaluations of cogeneration, electricity and/or steam for Bay Medical Center, Pleasant Regional Consumers Power Company, Center, and General Dow Chemical Company, Mt. Motors using different technologies of direct combustion and refuse derived fuel processing. The only facility in Midland County employing a limited amount of non-solid waste resource recovery is Dow Corning's Steam and Electric Cogeneration (SECO) project. The SECO system produces steam and manufacturing and heating using the most economical wood, oil, gas or coal. electricity fuel for use in available including As recommended in the County Solid Waste Management Plan, Dow Corning may be encouraged to expand the SECO operation to accept waste paper and municipal wood waste. Problems With Existing Solid Waste Facilities: No problems with the operation of the existing landfill or transfer facilities within Midland County have been reported. However, private haulers active in the c ounty have complained about the discriminating fee schedule at the City of Midland landfill. Non-city residents and collection vehicles are charged nearly twice as much as city residents to dispose of their waste. Thus, most private haulers dispose of their waste at out-of-county landfills. Only one of these - 97 - �out-of-county landfills is presently licensed. The remainder are expected to be licensed in the near future. However, the recent closure of a number of landfills in this area is likely to increase demand for an affordable disposal facility in the proximity of Midland County. Saginaw Valley Contractors (SVC), an organization which represents several large general contract9rs in Bay, Midland and Saginaw Counties, has expressed concern over the availability of landfill space to dispose of their construction and demolition debris. The material discarded includes concrete rubble, clay and sand, and some organic material such as wood, drywall, and paper on a periodic basis. Some privately owned landfills have charged high rates for the disposal of these wastes, which could force SVC to purchase a landfill of their own. However, SVC strongly prefers to be part of a community landfill. SVC estimates they will require 40 acres of landfill space in Midland County in the next 20 years. This projection does not include large projects such as land development, road construction, or the disposal of waste by other companies. Potential problems may also exist with dumps previously located in many of the townships. Unlike current 641 landfills, most dumps were not designed to provide for groundwater and other environmental protection. The closed dumps in Midland County are listed in Table 23 and are shown on the Solid Waste Disposal Sites map (Figure 13). Problems With Existing Solid Waste Management Practices: In the past, a primary problem in solid waste policy and decision-making has heen a lack of cooperation among the municipalities of Midland County. This situation has led to inefficiencies and a duplication of efforts in the provision of solid waste services and facilities. Private sol id waste haulers in Midland County have not reported any problems other than the high tipping fees for non-city vehicles at the City of Midland Landfill. Another unrecognized problem occurs in some rural areas where several private haulers are active in a single area under contract with individual residents. This situation results in overlapping routes and fuel waste, creates inefficiencies, and in most cases would increase collection costs. - 98 - �Future Direction: The recommended future direction for the disposal and management of solid waste has been delineated in the County's approved Solid Waste Management Plan. That Plan sets forth a program of action which should be followed. Moreover, as it is implemented, it should be carefully monitored and adjusted to take advantage of new information and technology. Table 24 provides a summary of Midland County's proposed waste management effort as delineated in the Plan report. Drains Establishment and maintenance of drainage systems is the responsibility of the Midland County Drain Conrnissioner. More than 1,100 drains service three main drainage basins; the Ka wk awl in, Tittabawassee and Shiawassee Drainage Basins. The majority of the work accomplished on these drain systems is cleaning and brush clearance. New drains are established in accordance with the Michigan Drain Code. Actual administration is also governed by the Drain Code. Each drain is a corporation composed of benefitting property owners. Funding for the Office of the Drain Commissioner's administrative expenses comes entirely from County funds. Construction expenses come primarily from funds assessed through the individual drain corporations or a cost per acre benefit assessment. The Drain Commissioner is also represented on the Inter-County Drain Board which deals with issues and problems arising on drains affecting adjacent counties. Other Board members include representatives of the Michigan Water Resources Commission, Michigan Department of Agriculture and adjacent counties. - 99 - �Table 23 Closed Dumps in Midland County Dump Site Size (Acres) Comnent 1. City of Coleman N.A. Disposal area is 3-5 acres. 2. Warren Township N.A. Disposal area is 5-8 acres. 3. Edenville T~wnship 40 4. Hope Township 40 5. Mills Township 5 6. Lincoln Township 40 7. Jerome Township 10 8. Geneva Township N.A. 9. Greendale Township Also discontinued station transfer Now used as a transfer station Disposal area is 3-5 acres 80 10. Lee Township 40 11. Jasper Township 40 12. Porter Township N.A. 13. Mt. Haley Township 40 14. Ingersoll Township 40 Now used as a transfer station Disposal area is 3-5 acres 15. Dow Chemical Company Poseyville Road Site N.A. Disposal area is 108 acres 16. City of Midland Currie Site N.A. Disposal area is approximately 13 acres 17. City of Midland Tridge Site N.A. Disposal area is approximately 6 acres 18. Dow Chemical Company Rockwell Drive, Ray County Site N.A. Disposal area is approximately 10 acres N.A. denotes size not available. - 100 - �■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Table 24 Midland County Approved Long-Range Surrmary) 1. 641 Solid Waste Management Plan (Short- and Five-Year Plan a. Promote second publicly available sanitary landfill by 1988. b. Continue existing arrangements to 1988. 1. 2. ■ Collection and transportation systems. Transfer facilities (Lee and Lincoln Townships). c. Continue City of Midland Landfill. d. Promote materials resource recovery (recycling). 1. 2. 3. Volunteer recycling of newspapers. Office paper recovery programs. Other materials. e. Promote energy recovery (actual projects to be carried out under the 20-year plan). 1. 2. 2. Continue Dow Corning 1 s SECO plant (chipped wood). Promote multi-county interest in resource recovery options and in a 11 owing the private sector to meet Midland County I s l andfi 11 needs. Twenty-Year Plan a. Promote non-landfill solid waste systems within the county or on a regional (multi-county) basis. 1. 2. 3. 4. Regional resource recovery systems. Materials recovery. Energy recovery. Composting. b. Continue and expand voluntary recycling. c. Support modular incinerators if energy market becomes available in Midland County. - 101 - �■ ■ ■ ■ ■· • • • • .. .. .., , RECREATION Recreation is an essential element in the makeup of any community. As more leisure time becomes available to Midland County residents the demand for - additional recreational opportunities will increase. The County Comprehensive Plan may be used as a guide for providing these opportunities. Further information may b~ found in the County Parks and Recreation Plan. Existing County Park Facilities and Activities The fo 11 owing chart presents information pertaining to County-owned and/oradmi ni stered parks • Name Sanford Lake Park Veterans Memorial Park West Midland County Park Acreage Activities/Facilities 52 Roat launch, concessions, picnic areas, picnic shelter, playground, swilllTling, fishing, ice skating, cross country skiing, restrooms 130 Canoe launch, nature trails, picnic areas, picnic shelters, playground, fishing, restrooms, hiking 29 Ball fields, playground, restrooms, multi-purpose basketball court Pine Haven Recreation Area 327 Hiking, cross country skiing, portable restroom facilities Manitou Park (220 acres planned) 152 Picnic area, canoe launch fishing, hiking (future proposed activities: swimming, cross country skiing, sledding, camping) TOTAL 690 Existing county and municipal major parks and recreation areas are listed in Table 27 and sited on Figure 14. - 102 - �• • Future County Park and Recreation Needs The adopted "Midland County River Corridor Study" proposed a standard of 10 acres per 1,000 persons as a space need for county parks. Accordingly, using the population projections developed for the County Comprehensive Plan, the following needs and deficiencies may be expected (Table 25): Table 25 County Recreational Acreage Needs* Year Existing Acreage 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 538 613 690 Deficjency Acres Reguired 735 773 812 853 890 905 197 160 122 163 200 215 * Note: Reflects County-based acreage needs and deficiencies. does not include local muncipal need. Source: Midland County The information The acquisition of the remaining 68 acres for Manitou Park would reduce the expected deficiency in 2005 by approximately 32 percent. As the table indicates, the County is in recreational space for the expected population. reach of providing adequate Another important aspect of recreational needs is whether or not the desires of the residents are being met in terms of the range of recreational activities provided. A survey conducted in 1980 revealed that county residents wanted to see parks developed that met these desires. - 103 - �Desired feature Parks that preserve nature Parks with picknicking and/or trails Parks with SWilTITI~ng Parks with many activities Percent of Response 87 79 70 74 Parks with ballfields, tennis courts, playgrounds 70 Historical areas with programs Parks with swimming and/or boating 69 54 Parks That Comply Veterans, Pine Haven, Manitou Sanford Lake, Veterans, Manitou, Pine Haven Sanford Lake, Manitou (future) Sanford Lake, Veterans, Manitou (future) Sanford Lake, Veterans, West Midland Sanford (canoeing (canoeing proposed) Lake, Veterans, only) Manitou currently, swimming Accordingly, it appears that with one exception the general desires of county residents are being met. This assumes, though, that Manitou Park will continue to be developed with the proposed activities. One activity not addressed in the recreation needs is fishing. Recently the Tittabawassee River has been recognized as an excellent walleyed pike, steelhead and salmon fishing area. This activity may also result in increased tourism. - 104 - �r PUBLIC AND QUASI-PUBLIC FACILITIES County Government Services _ Midland County Courthouse: The County Courthouse, located at 301 West Main Street in Midland, was constructed in 1~25 with building additions in 1958 and 1979. It is listed on both the Michigan State and National Register of Historic Places. Housed in the Courthouse are the following departments: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Adult Probation 42nd Circuit Court Board of Commissioners Controller County Clerk County Jail County Property Maintenance Custodian 75th District Court Emergency Services Friend of the Court Gypsy Moth Suppression Personnel Department Probate Court Prosecuting Attorney Register of Deeds Sheriff's Department/City of Midland Police Department Treasurer Although structurally sound, required staffing and space requirements have necessitated the relocation of other County offices to the point where many County functions are spread throughout the area. This has created a problem in providing efficient service to county residents. A recently completed exterior restoration study recommended a number of renovations including restoration of wall murals, refurbishing of windows and repointing of deteriorated mortar joints. - 105 - �r- Other County Offices: Due to space limitations at the County Courthouse, a number of departments have been located in leased facilities at alternate locations. These offices are: 1270 James Savage Road • • • • • Office Building - This facility houses the following: Alcohol Ser.vices Equalization County Development House-Numbering Coordination Parks and Recreation Planning Public Works/Water District No. 1 Veterans Counselor These offices are aging and inconveniently located. In addition, this facility is about two miles from the County Courthouse. This distance tends to discourage close interdepartmental cooperation and requires duplicated mailing, copying and other functional services. Other County departments are located as follows: • • • • • • • Animal Control Center Cooperative Extension Service Drain Commissioner and Road Commission Health Department Housing Commission and touncil on Aging Mental Health Department Mosquito Control 4271 E. Ashman Street 125 Main Street (Old Post Office) 4509 N. Saginaw Road (Rd.Comm.Bldg.) 125 Main Street (Old Post Office) 315 Fitzhugh Street (Fitzhugh Bldg.) 2620 W. Sugnet Road 2957 Venture Drive Some of these departments require special site considerations, such as the Animal Control Center, Drain Commissioner, Road Commission, Mosquito Control, and Mental Health, but most others would benefit from a central location for administrative functions. - 106 - �,- • • Recognizing these functional Midland City Council in problems, the County Board of Commissioners and 1980 asked County voters to approve an additional millage to construct a city-county building at a site bounded by Jerome, Larkin, Gordon and Buttl es Streets. vote. In The proposal was defeated by nearly a two-to-one 1983 the County Board of Commissioners appointed further study the problem. a committee to This group was known as the "Study Committee on Facilities for th·e County of Midland and City of Midland." In July 1986 the Midland County Planning Commission concluded a comparative evaluation of county office facility alternatives. Based on the study findings, it was recommended to the County Board of Commissioners that a new building with a total of 45,000 square feet be constructed on the Fitzhugh Street site, within the City of Midland. In conjunction with the above, it was also recommended that: 1. The County Board of Commissioners use the building authority method for financing county office facilities with limited authority given to the building authority for constructing a new county office building and/or managing the renovation of the Courthouse, preferably using limited _tax general obligation bonds issued by the building authority as secured by a lease hold agreement with the County Board of CoJT1Tiissioners. 2. The County Board of Commissioners use existing county building construction funds to reduce the amount of the 1 imited tax general obligation bonds required for the county office facilities. Recommendations have also been made to analyze the future space requirements of those agencies to remain in the present courthouse and to determine subsequent renovation needs. City/Village/Township Halls Locations of the various city, village, township halls are noted on the Community Facilities map. It should he noted that in a number of township 1 ocat ions the seat of government is housed jointly with the fire department. Except for the City of Midland, there are currently no proposals for the development of new municipal halls. The City of Midland plans to construct a new city ha 11 in the downtown area near the court house and the proposed County office facility. - 107 - �...-- • • Libraries Two principal libraries serve the general public. · Grace A. Dow Memorial Library: The Grace A. Dow· Memorial Library provides service to the City of Midland, which operates the system, and to twelve townships through contractual arrangements. The library is a part of the White Pine Library Cooperative, a network of 14 public libraries in a ten-county area. The collection contains some 218,000 items with 665,000 circulations in the 1984-85 fiscal year. In addition to book services, the library also circulates films and video cassettes, conducts children's programs and other miscellaneous community services. A cable-TV operation, Midland Community Television, is also a part of the library. Operational support is provided from the City of Midland, contractual township arrangements funded through a .3 mill levy, gifts, memorials and fund raising through the Friends of the Library. Volunteer services also contribute to library operation. A recent 3,000-square foot expansion was completed which added to the lobby area. A 9,000-square foot expansion is being planned to provide a new stack area, a fine arts room, expansion of the children's room and an area for genealogy and local history. Coleman Area Library: The Coleman Area Library is located at 231 E. Railway in Coleman. Located in a former bank, the library opened in 1968. The bank building was constructed in 1905. The library has about 8,500 volumes with 17,000 circulations per year. Funding is provided through a voted millage. As with the Grace A. Dow Memorial Library, the Coleman Library is a part of the White Pine Library Cooperative. Although the building itself has not been expanded, the library recently increased its available space by utilizing the upstairs portion of the building. No other additions are planned. - 108 - �• • • • • - Medical and Emergency Facilities Emergency Medical Services: The Midland Hospital Center, through a fixed fee annual contract with Midland - County, provides emergency medi ca 1 services coverage for the entire county. Four vehicles are staffed and operated from three locations: • Two vehicles and two back-up vehicles operate from the Midland Hospital Center, 4005 Orchard Drive, Midland. • One vehicle operates from 3077 North Meridian Road in Jerome Township. • One vehicle operates from 855 East Railway Street, Coleman. These vehicles respond to approximately 3,300 calls annually. Response time within the City of Midland averages 3.8 minutes with an outcounty average of 7.8 minutes. No additional vehicles, staff or locations are planned. Department of Emergency Services: This County department is responsible for disaster or emergency planning for various possible events. Through analysis of county development patterns, population projections, industrial hazard identification and various drills and exercises, contingencies for reaction to disasters are developed. Future needs revolve around a requirement for a suitable emergency operations center with adequate radio and telephone communication links with any public or private agency which may be involved in an emergency response situation. The County Sheriff operates a communication station in Sanford which could be upgraded to serve as the center. Midland Hospital Center: The principle medical facility serving the county is the Midland Hospital Center, located at 4005 Orchard Drive in the City of Midland. The hospital has 307 beds. A $10.5 million expansion was completed in 1986 that will house some ancillary operations including the radiology section, additional - 109 - �laboratories, and emergency services. Further expansion is planned to begin in 1986 and completed in 1988. The hospital also operates, under County contract, an ambulance service. Although not part of the Midland County contract, the hospital recently established a helicopter ambulance service. A limited number of emergency care facilities are also available in the City of Midland. These facilities are designed to handle short term medical problems or emergencies, or if unable to provide necessary care, refer cases to the Midland Hospital Center. Midland County Fairground The Fairground is located northwest of Eastman Road and U.S. 10 on a site of just under 80 acres. Existing facilities include: • Thirty-eight buildings 13 exhibit buildings; 13 service buildings; seven administrative buildings; and five horse-related buildings • A harness racing track with covered grandstand seating 1,700 to 1,800 spectators. • • • Horse show arena. Four camping areas, covering about two and one half acres. Restroom facilities. General public use of the Fairground is from April through September, with the County Fair held in August. Aside from the Fair the other activities for which the grounds are used include picnics, camping, horse shows, antique shows, and soccer games, held on fields established by the Midland Parks Department. The Fourth of July celebration is the largest single event of the year. Problems which have been identified include the under utilization of the grounds, unattractive campgrounds, lack of public utilities, poor drainage, traffic and parking conditions, and conflicts between user groups. In addition a possible runway extension and land acquisition at the Barstow Airport and the planned construction of the Eastman Road/U.S. 10 shopping center may create additional problems for traffic and Fairground expansions. - 110 - �■ ■ ■ ■ • • • • • • Some improvements have s i nee been made in accordance with the Master Pl an, particularly in the restroom and camping areas. Educational Facilities Several schools and colleges serve the residents of Midland County • Public Schools: Midland County is served by nine school districts and a number of parochial and private schools. Census figures indicate approximately 19,000 school-aged children in the county. Of significance in school enrollment projections is the general decline expected by each district. Examination of the 1970 - 1980 Age Comparison through Census figures substantiates these expectations. The Under 5 and 5 - 14 groups declined by 13 percent from 1970 to 1980 from a 1970 total of 22,037 to 19,080 in 1980 • Implications for declining school districts included reduced levels of state aid, school closings and staff changes. However, changing job technologies and equipment may provide additional opportunities for adult education and retraining programs. Funding for such programs may be available through the State of Michigan. In terms of land uses for schools, many school grounds are also used for recreational purposes in the neighborhoods in which they are located. Sale or reuse of these areas may impact on the availability of recreation space. However, should additional classroom space be needed in the future new construction may have to be undertaken. On the other hand, maintenance for a closed building is costly and difficult. Each district will have to examine their alternatives and decide what is best for their situation. Delta Co 11 ege: One-year certificates and two-year associates degrees are offered in the academic program of this public college, with an enrollment of 1,600 students. There is one main building with wings for automobile technician and fine arts programs. The community affa; rs program offers enrichment and profess i ona 1 improvement courses, and classes are also available in local communities through - 111 - �• • • • •II ■- II II Ill off-campus centers. In the future the college hopes to attain funding for a vocational technical wing. Delta College offers selected courses of study at Regina Center in Midland in addition to its main campus • - Northwood Institute: A private college established in 1959 with an enrollment of 1,900 students, offering an Associate of Arts and Bachelor of Business degrees. The 145-acre campus worship contains athletics. student Of special facilities note is the for housing, National education, Automobile Dealers and Association (NADA) Center which has hotel, catering and conference room facilities and the Automotive Hall of Fame which contains plaques and photographs co1T1T1emorating individuals who have made significant contributions to the auto industry. Regina Center: Originally constructed as a girls Catholic high school in 1962, this two-story classroom building continues to provide for the religious classes and other activities of its owner, Blessed Sacrament Church. There are twelve classrooms, a large multi-use room which can accommodate 200-300 people, library, conference and meeting rooms, office space, and lounge. A portion of the building is rented to Delta College, so they may offer off-campus classes. The area which was the convent has eleven bedrooms and now serves as the "Hospitality Home" of the Midland Hospital Center. Until Blessed Sacrament can sell the building and centralize their activities at the church site, future use of the center will remain the same. Michigan Molecular Institute: This 35,000 square-foot facility is devoted primarily to research of fundamental po 1ymers. The affiliated with Institute Central is a member-owned, Michigan polymer science are also offered. University. non-profit 501-C-3 corporation Graduate education courses in A staff of 36 which includes nine senior scientists, conduct their activities within the twelve labs, two lecture rooms, and library of the Institute. The majority of funding comes from private sources, however, state funding and federal funds through the National Science - 112 - �Foundation also provide for ongoing research. Future goals include adjacent land acquisition and construction of an applied science laboratory, which is expected to double their staff size and aid another goal of recruiting scientists. Great Lakes Junior College: Associate degrees are offered programs, in several business and electronic technology The current enrollment is 231 students. The college leases space in the Consumers Power Company Training Center for cl ass rooms and 1aboratories. Future plans call for continuation of the existing instructional programs and establishing a medical and laboratory technicians program. At present there are no definite plans to construct a physical plant, however, the college is seeking facilities or land to build on in the City of Midland. appears to be a great need for the college students. , , - 113 - Bus transit service �• • • • • •II II Community Centers Midland Community Center, Inc.: The Midland Community Center was opened in 1919 in order to provide recreational - activities on a communi tywi de basis. Dr. Herbert H. Dow, founder of the Dow Chemical Company, and several prominent Midland residents and businessmen, were initial incorporators. Since that time, two divisions have evolved, the Midland Community Center and the Midland Community Tennis Center, which opened in 1975 • Since the original building on Townsend Street moved in 1955 to its current location at 2001 George Street, additions have been completed in 1968 and 1979. A broad range of activities and programs are available. Facilities include basketball, handball, jogging track, shuffleboard, exercise rooms, swillllling pool, gymnasium, golf driving range, locker rooms and bowling. In 1984 these facilities served 947,775 participants on 21,962 different occasions. The Tennis Center has 16 outdoor and 16 indoor courts. Construction and renovation of swimming facilities have been started. In addition, a study is underway to detennine the feasibility of a merger with the West Midland Community Center. Operationally, adult use of the facilities is open to those who live or work in Midland County and contribute to the United Way. All children are eligible to use the facilities. Operating funds are divided approximately as follows: 50 percent user fees, 30 percent United Way and 20 percent from industry and foundations. The George Street Center is a non-profit 501-C-3 corporation. Mills Community Center: This facility is presently open only from April available for rental and used by local clubs and tournaments. Along with a kitchen and lavatories, p1ayground and pi en i c tables. In the future the building open and available for year-round use. - 114 - through November. It is churches and for softball there are ball diamonds, a township hopes to have the �• West Midland Community Center: The functions of the West Midland Community Center parallel the Midland Community Center as described above. The Center is located on West Isabell a Road (M-20) approximately 15 miles west of Midland. The Center is located on a three-acre parcel and consists of a renovated two story building 60 feet by 100 feet. The building was originally constructed in 1931 as a school with the renovations occuring in 1974. The lower floor is used for senior citizen programs, including the daily nutritional meals program, as well as social programs for all age groups. The second floor is used for pre-school and continuing education, crafts, recreation, and various classes. The Community Center site adjoins a 27-acre park which has two ball diamonds, bathroom facilities, and trails. The Center was opened in 1974 at which time operational funding was handled by Midland County through Genera 1 Revenue Sharing. CETA funds were a1so used to defray employee costs. Presently, the Center is funded via a combination of three sources including United Way (60%), various fees and rentals (25%) and the County (15%). County funding is to be phased out by 1987. Future plans call for replacement of the existing building with a new structure. Midland Center for the Arts The Midland Center for the Arts, dedicated in 1971, was funded entirely through private donations. Continuing operation is also free of governmental funds. Facilities available include a 386-seat theatre, a 95-seat lecture/recital hall, a 1,538-seat auditorium, three art and sculpture galleries, art studios and administrative offices. It is located at Eastman Road and St. Andrews Road in the City of Midland. The Center is also the home of several art and cultural organizations. include: • • • Midland Arts Council Midland Community Concert Society Midland County Historical Society - 115 - These �.. • • • • Midland Midland Midland Matrix: Music Society Symphony Orchestra Society Theatre Guild Midland, a festival of the arts and sciences A large number of community education, art, music and science programs are also conducted at th~. Center. No expansions are currently planned. Senior Citizens Center Three center facilities are operated in the county, while several senior citizens organizations meet at churches and township halls. Midland County Council on Aging (New Facility): The present location of the Council is on Fitzhugh Street in a trailer of 1,975 square feet. The Council must vacate the temporary modular building in 1987 because of the construction of the new County Services Facility on the same site. No decision has been made regarding a temporary or permanent site for the Council's facility, however, the Council has tentatively planned to build and relocate to a permanent structure on North Saginaw and Cook Roads. The Council is seeking private donations to construct a new 4,000-square foot facility with a 3,000-square foot expansion possible. This would serve as the base for all program operations run out at the senior/community centers such as West Midland, Coleman and Sanford. As another possible location, the Council on Aging may be located in the United Way services building in downtown Midland. - 116 - �II II Coleman Senior Services Center: A 3,200-square foot hall with kitchen, storage, office and bathrooms. This facility provides a local base for dining in or home delivery of noon meals along with a variety of other enrichment programs for senior citizens. Sanford Senior Citizens Center: A hall of 5,000 square feet equipped with kitchen, storage, and bathroom space. It provides a local base for various senior activities such as noon meals, recreation, health, information, enrichment, education and craft sales. facility is also used for bingo and available for rental. The Museums Midland County is served with three exceptional museums. Chippewa Nature Center: The Nature Center is 1ocated north of Pine River Road, south of the Chippewa River between Atwell Drive and Section 23 of Homer Township. A system of trails, associated buildings and natural areas cover the 866-acre site. Features of the Center include three miles of river frontage, 14 miles of trails, a museum, auditorium, library, gift shop, an 1870 style farm complex, Maple Syrup House, a paved trail for the handicapped and a large variety of Michigan trees and shrubs. Programs operated by the Center include tours, Natural Science Lecture Series, field trips, an Explorer Post, Fall Harvest Festival, maple syrup demonstrations and a Natural History Day Camp. Ill Ill Ill - A nominal admission fee is charged daily with annual available. No expansions are planned at present. and life memberships Sanford Museum: In conjunction with the celebration of the Sanford Village centennial in 1970, the Sanford Museum was established in an early 20th century brick four-room school building on 2.5 acres, which is presently owned by Jerome Township. The Sanford Historic Society, with an active membership of ten, owns and maintains - 117 - �C - the period displays within the school. Since 1970 they have acquired five other buildings which are examples from early lumbering days. During the su1T1T1er several functions are held so the public may see these buildings. At other times of the year hours are 1 imited. Funding is 1 imited based on private donations and future goals include seeking increased funding along with continual refurbishing of existing structures, and acquisition of more buildings and land. Midland County Historical Museum: One of six member groups based out of Midland Center for the Arts, the museum has office space, and maintains two permanent exhibit areas at the Center. One 4,000-square foot room contains a collection which may be viewed by appointment. They also have an open exhibit area on the fourth level of the Center. Other ongoing projects include the maintenance of Bradley House and restoration of an old mill. - 118 - �• •Ill II COUNTY FACILITIES Pinecrest Home Pinecrest Home is a congregate housing facility providing long-term care for persons with a variety of diagnosed mental and physical disabilities. The facilities are located west of the City of Midland in Homer Township on a 160acre site on Homer Road. One hundred acres are 1eased for fanning with the remaining 60 acres used for the housing and associated buildings. Capacity of Pinecrest is 53 persons. Staff consists of the Director, one full time Registered Nurse, and one Licensed Practical Nurse. One vehicle is available for client transportation, with some transportation services supplied by the Council on Aging. Funding is provided by the County, which accounts for about two-thirds of needed revenues, with General Assistance and private pay making up the balance. Only county residents are accepted. Cases are generally referred by the Social Services Department and hospitals. Mental health cases make up the majority of the residents. No expansions are currently planned. Harbour House Harbour House was opened in 1971 by the Volunteers for Youth of Midland as a shelter for abused, neglected or otherwise troubled youths. In December of 1980 control and operation was turned over to the Juvenile Division of the Midland County Probate Court. Currently the Harbour House is an eight-bed co-educational facility serving adolescents who fall within one of the following situations: • • • • • • Ch ran i c runaways Severe school difficulties Breakdown of family relationships Physical and/or sexual abuse Neglect Criminal behavior - 119 - �Three to six weeks is a typical residency period. Funding is provided entirely through the County Child Care Fund, which is a combination of State and County funds that are to be expended on out-of-home care of Probate Court wards. Other resources include private contributions. No long-term changes are anticipated in the Harbor House program. Under consideration, bowever, is a Probate Court investigation into the possibility of establishing a Children's Center for maladjusted adolescents. Currently, three alternatives are under review: 1. 2. 3. Build short-term detention "cells" at Harbour House. Build a detention facility in a separate location. Build a new facility that would include both shelter and detention facilities and programs. The principle decision that must be made concerns the length of stay that would be programmed into the facility. The important element of this decision is the need for educational and recreational programming in a long term facility. Whichever decision is made, the Probate Court recognizes that the contracting of detention services from neighboring county facilities is not a viable, permanent solution because of a lack of available space. Therefore, it is felt that these services should remain within Midland County. Horizon House The Horizon House is a mental hea 1th day treatment center with two on-going programs that have totally separate facilities. Both programs receive clientele that are referred from the Midland Hospital Center and other local agencies. One program deals with treatment of learning disabled individuals who are eighteen years of age or older. The other program deals with people who have mental illness or life problems. The center for learning disabled contains two classrooms and activity areas where life maintenance skills are taught. Twenty-four clients are presently in the program. The mental illness day treatment faciltiy has two offices and two open areas for group therapy. A maximum of 20 clients are accepted to work with the coordinator (psychologist), social worker and recreation therapist. - 120 - �Department of Animal Control Midland County operates the Animal Control facility for the purpose of housing stray or unwanted animals. The facility has, in addition to the area used for animal housing, office space for the Director and a lobby/office are for general administration and reception. The Director wishes to add approximately 567 square feet of space as a room to conduct educational programs about animals and their care. Midland County Mosquito Control Facility Mosquito Control was established with a three-year mi 11 age approval to reduce the risk of mosquito-borne diseases to County residents. Methods of control include larviciding, adulticiding, and source reduction. Year-round research is conducted in leased facilities which includes offices, conference room, 1aboratory, restroCJT1s with sho.,,ers, chemical storage, and garage for ten trucks. The mosquito control personnel have completed a needs assessment of a new mosquito control facility. Minimum building requirements indicate a need for 4,870 square feet of indoor space and 14,700 square feet of outdoor area. The new facility would include offices, conference/1 ibrary, laboratory, lunchroom, equipment maintenance, inventory/storage, restrooms, equipment parking (secured), general parking, and outdoor yard. Sheriff Department Emergency Services Building The Sheriff Department maintains an emergency services building (Station 11) at 1884 N. Seven Mi.le Road in Jerome Township. The purpose of this building is to store emergency equipment, boats and trucks. The building also includes a meeting room. There are no plans at this time to expand the building for housing additional emergency or non-emergency equipment. - 121 - �• • •Ill Midland County Road Commission County roads . are maintained by the Road Commission through facilities located at 4509 North Saginaw (Midland), the City of Coleman, Jasper Township at LaPorte and Magrudder Roads and in Ingersoll Township on Brooks Road (Section 18). Principle garaging and office functions occur at the Saginaw Road location. The other facilities store one road grader and one or two trucks. No facility expansion is currently planned. Maintenance programs include snow removal and minor reconstruction/ repaving. Snow removal operations use 16 snow removal vehicles (trucks and graders) and two 5,000 gallon tankers for ice control (brine spreading). First priority for snow removal is given to State highways under contract from the Michigan Department of Transportation. These highways include US-10, US-20, US-18 and US-30. Primary then 1 ocal roads foll ow in priority. All paving and construction projects are contracted. Determination of need is determined through observations of road conditions following the winter season. Consideration is being given to the establishment of a road rating system, based on the State Highway Needs Study, to assign road priorities. Policy for the Road Commission is determined by a three-member Commission serving six year terms in staggered order. Col11llissioners are appointed by the County Board of Commissioners and may serve a maximum of two terms. Funding is granted through a four-year, one mill levy, which, voted in 1986 will fund programs through 1989. Of the available taxes collected, approximately 75 percent comes from the City of Midland and 25 percent from the remainder of the County. Critical Bridge program applications are also administered by the Road Commission. Both primary and 1oca 1 road bridges have been cl ass ifi ed by the County and this is used to determine which bridges a re in need of reconstruction. Actual priority or application requests are made by the individual unit of government. - 122 - �Midland County Jail The existing jail facility is located in the City of Midland at Main and Gordon Streets. Total inmate capacity for this facility is as follows: • • • 57 inmate beds Seven work release program beds Six holding/booking beds Therefore, regular inmate capacity is 57 with the remaining 13 beds having security or time restrictions attached to them. Estimates by the Ways and Means Committee of the County Board of Commissioners indicates that additional jail capacity will be needed by 1989. This estimate is based on an inmate population averaging, on a daily basis, 54 persons in 1984. This is an increase of 18 over 1980 figures, yielding an average yearly increase of three inmates. If a functional capacity of 64 is assumed (57 regular plus seven work release beds), capacity will be reached by 1988. The Midland County Special Facilities Committee has recommended that the county's jail needs be analyzed including the location and design of detention facilities. Central Vehicle Maintenance Facility The Midland County Special Facilities Committee has ' recommended that the county investigate the need to establish a central vehicle maintenance facility. This facility would be used for the servicing of all county vehicles and other motorized equipment. Community facilities of countywide importance are listed in Table 28 and sited on the Community Facilities map (Figure 15). - 123 - �Table 26 Fire Protection Coverage, Midland County JURISDICTION AREA COVERED Eden vi 11 e Twp. Geneva Twp. Greenda 1e Twp. ·• Homer Twp. Hope Twp. Ingersoll Twp. Jasper Twp. Edenville Twp. 1 See Coleman See Lee Twp. Homer Twp. 2 Hope Twp. 1 See Midland Twp. Mid-Michigan Community Fire Dept. (St. Louis) Jerome Twp., Sanford 2 Larkin Twp., Midland 1 Twp. - Section 1 Lee,Greendale & Porter Twps. Lincoln Twp. 1 Midland Twp., Ingersoll 1 Twp, Mt. Haley Twp. Mills Twp. 1 See Midland Twp. See Lee Twp. See Coleman Jerome Twp. Larkin Twp. Lee Twp. Lincoln Twp. Midland Twp. Mil 1s Twp. Mt. Ha 1ey Twp. Porter Twp. Warren Twp. City of Coleman City of Midland Village of Sanford Coleman, Warren Twp., Geneva Twp. Midland See Jerome Twp. *All volunteers except the City of Midland. - 124 - # STATIONS MANPOWER* 26 26 24 25 38 1 30 15 23 15 1 25 3 48 �... I_ P' {i I L A O W I rlJ! lit Viii t--'ir""-+---+--+--+----ll--~•.-+-,-, f=::;~-;;. · ~• •_ k ~ H ·±·+-·" - 1!7' ~1--~ir""=at=rr=r=. , -----11----T""""""+~+.~ _,,.,• •---I t. 1-\ = 1 / / £ - ~ ~ ~ j j - lt.i---;-=----t-=y=={=!=~,\-......_j FIGURE 12 UTILITY SERVICE AREA ~ r =t--=+==+=,==~-4---~ ... 17 a-'1"'~!!1T-t--~~---,j----+ . t.-. +=·.:-=-or" - .,._.=+ --r _,..-...,....-.......~-.--_ T'" ,......r-1-+-- _:,__ - : - ..~=\==I= .. ~ - \ , ,"s;i~ . _ I! z ,c( ..J Q. w -z > u, ~ LEGEND ·······-· "'r--·---tl-.+--p===;, +·-i----·~,. ~ FULL UTILITY SERVICE ( WATER SUPPLY AND SANITARY SEWER ) w z :E 0 0 :E :c ,c( w CJ a: Q. :c 0 ------- MIDLAND COUNTY WATER DISTRICT NO. 1 (WATER DISTRIBUTION LINES) MIDLAND COUNTY WATER DISTRICT NO. 1 BOUNDARY AREA • WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITY I _I . ·+M~, .+.+ I .. > > I- I- . ...._ z z :::::, :::::, .-I 0 0 0 0 C C ,c( ..J ,c( ..J z z . WATER TREATMENT FACILITY - -:E C-:E C MCWD NO. 1 PUMP HOUSE ..~ MUGA BOUNDARY / AREA SOURCE: 1. CITY OF MIDLAND 2. MIDLAND COUNTY i ! I. t. I ► • H ' II I. . I, I I ::: 'II•• . .., 1 ,;I •• ~ , OOAT O OJ COUNT Y ... , ... . cou,.,, . . . _ ·- . . ·- ·~ ~ ,....... ~~ .11: mi -------------------1~-Km_,~,-._••·_J -~1--1 �W t C O II llAOW l ti • I • +~+ .,_--"'j:i-'-"'""'-ll----+--+--+---1~-+-.-: 'f--,-, ~ ~ FIGURE 13 SOLID y 'l - e1-• -K ~ - a - . . - . !l--1.• t ~ z .+. ~. . c( ..I a. --u-- WASTE DISPOSAL w SITES -ezn > w X w LEGEND ~ z c( - C, a. X :i: 0 EXISTING FACILITIES CD 0 4311 EAST ASHMAN CITY OF MIDLAND LANDFILL 0 :E . > > t- t- 0 z z ::, ::, .o 0 NE 1/2 SECTION 25 DOW CHEMICAL LANDFILL 0 0 0 C C c( ..I c( ..I C C 3901 SOUTH SAGINAW ROAD z z DOW CORNING LANDFILL 0 0 -:i: -:i: E 1/2, NE 1/4 SECTION 21 LEE TOWNSHIP TRANSFER STATION SE 1/ 4, NE 1/ 4 SECTION 22 LINCOLN TOWNSHIP TRANSFER STATION I I CLOSED FACILITIES • I CLOSED DUMP SITES (FORMER ACT 87 SITES) SOURCE: 1. MIDLAND COUNTY SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN 2. MIDLAND COUNTY HEALTH DEPARTMENT I. f: I I I I 'II . "'"' $! C I A t I • & • UC O U Iii t T j "'"' i 1•• ''I •• 1= lilt I! I D L---------------------J__------C O V N .,.T 't �I I I I •I • • • •Ill Ill , , , Table 27 Midland County and Municipal Major Parks and Recreation Areas 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17 • 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. Sanford Lake Park Veterans Memorial Park Pine Haven Recreation Area West Midland County Park Black Creek State Forest Campground Mills Township Ball Diamonds Coleman Schools Ball Diamonds Porter Township Ball Diamonds Homer Township Park Lee Township Park Larkin Township Park Coleman City Park Sanford Village Park City of Midland - Pine River Site Whiting Overlook Park River Bend Park Midland City Forest Barstow Woods Central Park Chippewassee Park Emerson Park Plymouth Park Stratford Woods Park Manitou Park Ill Ill .. - 127 - �II.II ll.AOW I t C --,.-..,!r:o.,;l-""----,-0~ 1 T m rlJ! '-,---,-A_....__,_ ij:Ji N FIGURE 14 COUNTY AND MUNICIPAL MAJOR PARKS AND RECREATIONAL AREAS ...... II z c( ..J D. REFER TO TABLE 27 FOR FACILITY LISTING w . > en z w :c zc( w C, a: D. :c -. ua >- :E 0 0 0 :E > I- I- z z :::::, :::::, 0 0 0 0 C C c( ..J c( ..J C C z z -:E -:E I I I I SOURCE: MIDLAND COUNTY I. t: I I I 8 ., ... C I I III A T ... I O T .& I I JI • ,- O U N T I C O U N T y f;:"' 0 't I ,,,.. 'II ''I lilt ~------------------j__-------- □ �I I I I I I I I I •II II • ,• , , , Table 28 Community Facilities, Midland County Legend 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 10. 31. Jasper Township Hall Coleman Fire Hall Coleman City Hall Greendale Township Hall Geneva Township Hall Warren Township Hall West Midland County Community .Center West Midland County Park Pine Haven Recreation Area Lee Township Hall Porter Township Hall Veterans Memorial Park Jerome Fire Station #1 Jerome Township Hall Edenville Township Hall and Fire Station Sanford Lake Park Sanford Village Hall Jerome F-ire Station #2 Lincoln Township Hall Hope Township Hall and Fire Station Lincoln Township Fire Station Homer Township Hall Pinecrest Home Mt. Haley Township Hall Homer Township Fire Station #1 Homer Township Fire Station #2 Midland County Road Commission and Drain Commissioner Chippewa Nature Center Jack Barstow Airport ~~dland County Fairgrounds Midland Hospital Center - 129 - �I I I I I • • • • •II II II .. .. .. fl .. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. Midland Fire Station #3 Grace A. Dow Memorial Library Midland Center for the Arts Dow Memorial Gardens Midland County Courthouse Midland Township Fire Station Midland Township Hall Ingersoll Township Hall County Offices Midland Fire Station #2 Midland City Hall Midland Community Center Midland Fire Station #1 Midland County Animal Control Center Larkin Twp. Fire Station and Township Hall Mills Twp. Fire Station and Township Hall Midland County Road Commission Garage Manitou Park Harbour House Mosquito Control Facility Coleman Senior Services Center Sanford Senior Citizens Center Mills Community Center Larkin Senior Citizens Center Northwood Institute Regina Center Lee Township Fire Hall Michigan Molecular Institute Sanford Museum Midland County Historical Museum Horizon House Coleman Area Library Midland County Council on Aging (New Facility) Midland County Health and Cooperative Extension Building Midland County Housing Commission and Council on Aging Midland County Office Facility (Proposed) Midland City Hall {Proposed) Great Lakes Junior College Sheriff Department Emergency Services Building - 130 - �t n: ,JJ! ... dJi FIGURE 15 COMMUNITY ll FACILITIES z LEGEND c( ..J 0. Fin Statfowe w > u, Olhar Comm•nlly Faollltl•• z w z w CJ :I: c( REFER TO TABLE 28 FOR FACILITY LISTING a: 0. :I: . > > ...z ...z :E 0 0 :E 0 :::, :::, 0 0 0 0 C C z z c( c( ..J ..J -:E -:E C C ... . I I I ., 'II •~ 1., .,., ,;, 11 j SOURCE: MIDLAND COUNTY I C. 0 U N ... T y A ... I I fll A I I ,: i! ii Jilt D �- ... O IL t L A I W I I ...uulm , a I I i • J---t,-. -+--+-"4--'"--+-+-f...J-I_J I·+· -,+---➔-1'~1--t'"-.t--r:t-r-t--t--t-...::.+--.Jl~-!---L----1 . . +. ... . ,,.. t:-~-=-◄t.--·_-.a..+--+-·-·_•:-1-~-+---+-.J-+-~ FIGURE 18 II z C ..J PUBLIC SCHOOL . DISTRICTS +. ... AND FACILITIES I .. w ->z ,n • ELEMENTARY SCHOOL w z :c C w C, a: Q. :c ::E u 0 u ::E JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL • ► ► - ... LEGEND • Q. - ...z ...z :, :, 0 0 HIGH SCHOOL u u SCHOOL DISTRICT BOUNDARIES Q Q z z C C ..J Q ..J Q -- ::E ::E I I I I !.. ·11 I,, . i ••, SOURCE: MIDLAND COUNTY I ... I O , COUNTY • • • °N" ~:·; · T "---------------L-' .I : fi11 •-_--10 IC_ .._., _ �HOUSING The previous Socioeconomic section covered existing housing types and quality. This section explains housing programs which are available to upgrade the quality of existing dwellings. Future housing needs based on previous population projections, are also given. The extent of reliance on existing housing stock and need for new construction will influence the County's future land use pattern. Housing Programs Government programs for housing have concentrated on three primary aspects, financing, construction and rehabilitation. Of these, financing and rehabilitation currently receive the most attention. Government construction of new housing has, essentially, ceased. Financing programs, mostly in the form of guarantees or interest subsidies are limited in scope and availability. Rehabilitation, while reduced in funding, remains an active pursuit of many programs conducted by various levels of government. The base planning document used by the Midland County Housing Commission to formulate programs and policies is a 1980 study report entitled, Housing the County - a Plan and Program for Midland County. This report contains much of the background data needed to establish program elements for residents outside the City of Midland. The Midland County Housing Commission administers several programs concentrating on housing rehabilitation and neighborhood improvement, including weatherization and clearance activities. Two programs which have been used for rehabilitation work are the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) and Michigan State Housing Development Authority (MSHDA) Small Cities Program. These programs provide grant and loan funds for rehabilitation activities. Substantial administrative activities are accomplished by the Commission for the Michigan Energy Bank and the Community Home Improvement Program (CHIP) sponsored by the Michigan Department of Commerce. - 133 - �I I I I I I I ' ' '-, , , ,, The status of any housing program is generally uncertain and can only be depended upon from year to year. The County Housing Commission has recognized this fact and is pursuing funds as they become available. One source which may be depended upon is the income returning to the program from repayments of earlier loans. Activity on accounting for and collecting these payments is continuing. For residents in the City of Midland the City has a separate Housing Commission. In conjunction with the COBG and MSHDA programs. the City provides four housing re 1ated programs. These include MSHDA home improvement loans with interest subsidies provided by the City in target activity neighborhoods. assistance with self-help rehabilitation. a deferred loan for elderly and low-income home owners for home impruvements and a basic weatherization package for owned or rented dwellings. FUTURE HOUSING NEEDS Having projected future population growth it is possible to estimate the need for housing within each community. These estimates were made by using the 1980 Census figures for housing units and persons per unit and computi ng future need by dividing the persons per unit into the estimated population and adding the increase to existing housing units (Table 29). Residential acreage needs have also been projected based on anticipated population growth. These may be found in the Land Use section of this document. The Midland County Comprehensive Plan attempts to meet housing needs by: 1. Recommending that housing needs be carefully analyzed through an update of the County Housing Plan. 2. Once identified. that strategies be developed for implementing housing needs. 3. The Comprehensive Plan map provides standards for housing densities based on land use, environmental, and social constraints and needs. - 134 - �I I I I I I I I I I ' ' Table 29 Projected Housing Need by Jurisdiction, Midland County Persons/Unit 1980 Units 1990 1995 1980 1985 2.22 2.81 2.81 3.04 2.27 3.19 2.95 2.60 3.25 3.05 3.00 2.94 3.13 3.15 3.11 2.97 912 412 443 1,471 549 943 383 1,604 1,010 1,090 547 812 467 503 358 622 975 440 468 1,551 613 993 393 1,694 1,070 1,166 567 841 494 515 373 651 956 431 458 1,521 601 974 385 1,859 1,050 1,143 622 825 484 505 366 638 Coleman Midland 2.67 2.68 536 13,790 579 14,450 Count1: 2.79 26,355 27,704 JURISDICTION Townships: Edenville Geneva Greendale Homer Hope Ingersoll Jasper Jerome Larkin Lee Lincoln Midland Mills Mount Haley Porter Warren 2000 2005 954 431 458 1,518 600 973 385 2,010 1,048 1,142 672 824 484 504 365 637 1,009 455 484 1,605 634 1,028 407 2,084 1,108 1,207 697 871 511 533 386 673 1,035 467 496 1,647 651 1,055 417 2,107 1,137 1,238 705 894 525 547 396 691 635 15,853 687 17,142 712 17,778 720 17,965 29,102 30,570 31,921 32,435 Cities: Source: 1980 Columns - 1980 Census of Hou s ing Projections were completed by WBDC, Inc. by computing persons per unit as applied to the Allocated Population Projec t ions. NOTE: Housing unit refers to actual dwelling/living unit whereas household refers to the persons occupying a housing unit. - 135 - �LAND USE This section describes the existing land use pattern in Midland County and the expected transformation to the future. As the county population grows there will be a demand for more homes, commerci a 1 uses and emp 1oyment opportunities. Careful planning for these uses can help ensure cost effective services and an attractive living environment. Existing Land Use The evaluation of the existing uses of land is necessary in order to estimate future need. The land use figures used in this Plan are consolidated from land cover/use information made available by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources through the Michigan Resource Inventory Program (Table 30). The land cover/use data has also been displayed on maps which are available for examination at the county Development Department office. Table 30 provides a comprehensive breakdown of land use types for each of the county's political jurisdictions. Almost 92 percent of the county is devoted to "rural" uses such as agricultural and forested lands. Approximately eight percent is devoted to more intensive "urban" uses including housing, colllllercial, and industrial development. As might be expected, the more densely populated communities posses the least amount of non-developed lands, and conversely, the highest percentage of developed properties. - 136 - �Table 30 Existing Land Use (Acres) - Midland County Edenville Geneva Lew l:ensity Residential High l:ensity Residential 7% 3.5% 0 Greendale f-k:rll:!r ~ Ingersoll Jasper Jerare Larkin 300 297 1.3% 1084 4.9% 1112 5.1% 1225 5.3% 651 4.3% 0 0 0 0 0 1.3% 441 1.9% 1746 11.5% 2.0% 832 3.5% 0 0 5 0 0 l)4 Lincoln Midland Lee Mills Mt. Hal et Porter City of Warren Colanan 10.9% 572 2.3% 543 3.5% 1&3 .8% 549 2.4% 275 41.6% 0 0 0 0 0 4 17 .1% 216 .6% 25 3.8% 20 3.1% 2 .3% 115 .6% 469 2.7% 2418 13.8% 669 3.8% 14 2.1% 832 4.7% 1.9% 9376 41.7% 8736 38.8% 195 14 2.1% 175 26.5% 28 4.2% 0 49 5.0% 35 3.6% 257 26.2% 0 .8% 0 0 1024 5.8% &33 5.0% 3496 19.9% 181 1.0% 215 176 3741 1.1% 102018 30.0% 159957 47.1% 12222 3.6% 2465 1.2% 17.9% .7% 800 neg. Camercial Industrial Institut'l Parks/Q:Jen Space Trans,Crnm & Utilities 10 9 neg. neg. 142 .6% 20 .1% 11 15 .1% 45 .2% 105 10 .1% 12 12 .1% 413 neg. .2% 18 .1% .7% 105 .7% .1% 11 .1% 1.8% 23 .1% 4 0 17 .1% 6 0 neg. 45 0 neg. 6 90 .4% neg. 28 53 .1% .2% Agricultural 4096 8649 17.9% 37.4% Forest Lands 13268 12100 57.8% 52.7% 257 \.etlands 1600 6.9% 1.1% ~Jater Bodies 582, 0 112 .5% 1246 5.4% 18372 79.5% 354 1.5% 0 2.5~ Uldeveloped l'bnforested Land TITTALS l'btes: 30 .3% '3667 24.2% 6703 44.2% 234 1.5% 221 1.5% 6583 43.4% 5712 37.7% 326 2.1% 217 26 .1% 371 59 .3% 332 39 .2% 145 23 .1% 313 1.5% 20 .1% .6% 44 .2% 2.1% 2 neg. 1.7% 67 .3% 0 75 78 0 .3% .4% 113 .5% 8220 37.5% 0 18 .1% 7 8 74 198 neg. .3% 11547 50.0% 9376 40.6% 341 1.5% 2 .9% 1759 8.0% 13568 61.9% 1595 1.4% 16543 70.5% 4096 17.5% 403 1.7% 59 .3% neg. 7.3% 817 3.7% 41.6% 851 3.9% 10 neg. .2% 9098 .1% 541 16 .1% 43 73 72 .2% 25 .1% .5% 9 .1% .3% 11 neg. 7.3% 21 .3% neg. 1.0% 102 .5% 0 4 0 0 43 0 6 0 251 1.7% 2255 14.8% 8560 56.3% 1392 9.2% 49 1240 16.8% 2241 30.4% 1323 18.0% 44 0 .2% .1% 95 .4% 2709 11.8% 15421 67.0% 627 2.7% 50 4 0 0 neg. 2771 11.3% 16271 66.3% 2276 9.3% 0 .3% .6% 34 .5% 30 10497 45.7% 8929 38.9% 1157 5.0% 3 .2% neg. 8766 57.4% 4563 29.9% 389 2.5% 433 28.5% 236 24.1% 16959 5.0% 0 124 neg. 34 3.5% 25 2.5% 42 4.3% 48 4.9% 000 .2% 5315 1.6% 1204 .4% 1211 .4% 2285 79 33953 12.8% 13.0% 8.0% 9.9% 22507 661 17595 981 339969 1648 7.1% 2509 2275 1987 1063 1433 2353 1999 2655 1699 1107 2556 905 2083 2&33 10.8% 15.0% 13.1% 4.5% 6.2% 10.7% 9.1% 11.6% 11.2% 15.0% 10.4% 5.9% 9.1% 22962 23121 23112 15153 15164 23452 23095 21913 21892 23010 15195 7361 24534 15278 22983 Source: Michigan l:epartrrent of Natural Resources Current Use Inventory Acreage Report (Based on 1978/79 aerial photography) 5008 104 15.7% 2330 10.1% neg. - negligible acreage City of Village of Midland Sanford Totals �I •I I • • • • •II LAND USE ACREAGE NEEDS (PROJECTED) Land use acreages were tabulated by various use categories for each governmental unit. These acreages, coupled with population, housing, and related growth projections, were used to determine future housing, commercial, industrial, and recreational acreage needs. Information from the tables is summarized below: Residential Acreage Requirements (Table 31) - This table combines both low and high density development needs. The table projects that Midland County will require 4,000 additional residential acres by 2005. This is based on the application of the county's 1978/79 acres per unit rate multiplied by the projected growth in housing units estimated over the future years • Commercial Acreage Requirements (Tables 32 and 33) - These tables estimate future commercial acreage needs. Table 32 applies the 1978/79 per capita allocation of commercial land to projected population growth as a measure of future need. Table 33 is based on the relationship of the commercial market to spending. As population and sales increase, the need for additional commercial development also increases. The tables indicate a need range of 105 to 186 acres, or an average of 146 new acres. Industrial Acreage Requirements (Tables 34 and 35) These tables estimate future industrial acreage needs. Table 34 is based on 1978/79 per capita allocation of industrial land to projected population growth. Table 35 is based on application of an industrial standard of 12 gross acres per 1,000 population. Estimated future additional acreage ranges from 203 to 1,021 acres in the year 2005. It is felt the higher end of the two projections may be more realistic in light of industrial site characteristics. Industrial entrepreneurs wil 1 often secure more acreage than required . for actual development. The additional acreage provides for future expansion while allowing the development to be adequately buffered from adjacent uses. Recreational Acreage Requirements This table presents the estimated County owned and/or administered park land and is included in the earlier Community Facilities section (refer back to Table 25). - 138 - �.... I I I I I • • • • • -II " .." Tahle 31 Residential Acreage Requirements (Low & High Density) Based on 1978/79 acres/unit as applied to projected housing need. Jurisdiction 1978/79 Acreage 1980 Units Acres/Unit 1985 Acreage 1995 2005 Townships: 796 304 441 1751 300 832 297 1320 1112 1225 651 800 572 543 188 549 912 412 443 1471 549 943 383 1604 1010 1090 547 812 467 503 358 622 .87 .74 1.00 1.19 .55 .80 .70 .82 1.10 1.12 1.19 .99 1.22 1.08 .53 .-88 848 326 468 1846 337 794 275 1389 1177 1306 675 833 603 556 198 573 830 319 458 1806 330 778 270 1648 1153 1279 800 816 590 544 193 561 900 346 496 1960 358 844 292 1728 1251 1387 839 885 641 591 210 608 Coleman Midland 279 5123 536 13790 -?2 .37 301 5347 357 6343 374 6647 County: 17083 26355 .65 18008 19870 21083 Edenville Geneva Greendale Homer Hope Ingersoll Jasper Jerome* Larkin Lee Lincoln Midland Mills Mt. Haley Porter Warren Cities: *Includes Village of Sanford - 139 - �I I I I I • •■ • •II II -, Table 32 Commercial Acreage Requirements (Per Capita) Based on population growth and using 1978/79 allocation of .01 ac./person Jurisdiction 1978/79 Acreage Edenville Geneva Greendale Homer Hope Ingersoll Jasper Jerome* Larkin Lee Lincoln Midland Mills Mt. Haley Porter Warren 1985 Acreage 1995 22 12 13 47 2005 35 36 17 25 16 16 12 19 21 12 13 46 14 31 11 52 34 35 20 24 15 16 11 19 23 13 14 50 15 34 12 55 37 38 21 26 16 17 12 21 25 469 15 387 18 459 19 481 800 773 853 905 10 9 15 30 10 12 0 60 59 39 23 6 16 0 0 17 Coleman Midland County 14 32 12 44 Cities: *Includes Village of Sanford Table 33 Commercial Acreage Requirements Based on retail sales/establishment Year Poeulation Total Sales* 1980 1985 1995 2005 73,578 77,296 85,291 90,493 $293,228,000 308,102,000 339,970,000 360,705,000 Establishments 978 1028 1134 1203 Acreage 800 842 930 986 *Constant dollars with no increase for inflation. Sales per establishment approximately $299,824. Acreage per establishment is approximately .82 acres. - 140 - �I I I I I I I I I I • •II -, Table 34 Industrial Acreage Requirements Per Capita Based on 1980 per capita allocation of .07 acres Jurisdiction 1978/79 Acreage Eden vi 11 e Geneva Greendale Homer Hope Ingersoll Jasper Jerome* Larkin Lee Lincoln Midland Mills Mt. Haley Porter Warren 142 11 45 105 12 413 18 396 332 145 313 541 43 73 1985 2005 148 85 90 323 95 217 79 366 238 244 141 170 216 151 87 92 330 97 222 81 308 243 249 119 173 108 114 81 135 111 79 132 161 92 98 351 103 236 86 383 259 264 148 184 115 121 86 144 Coleman Midland 20 2418 108 2711 128 3216 135 3370 County 5315 5685 5968 6336 72 lOfi Cities: *Includes Village of Sanford 1111 Ill Acreage 1995 - 141 - �I I I I I I I I I I • • • -, • Table 35 Industrial Acreage Requirements (Per Capita) Based on the standard of 12 gross acres/1,000 population (as applied to the existing base).* Year 1980 1985 1995 2005 Population Acreage 73,578 77,296 85,291 90,493 5315 (existing) 5360 5456 5518 *Standard taken from Urban Planning and Design Criteria, Third Edition, 1982. - 142 - �I I I I I I I •I II • • " Ill " Ill , , COMPREHENSIVE PLAN The Comprehensive Plan map depicts the following major land use classificatjons. Agricultural Land The 1974 Midland County General Development Plan provides for a combined agricultural/residential land use classification. 1987 update The Comprehensive Plan, a of the 1974 General Development Pl an represents a departure from that plan through the delineation of a separate Agricultural category. Locations identified as Agri cultura 1 represent prime or significant farmlands. Typically, they include lands enrolled (Public Act 116, in the Farmland Preservation Program 1974) or lands that have been identified as agriculturally important by the United States Soil Conservation Service. In most cases, they have also been given an agricultural designation by local governmental unit in land use plans and zoning ordinances. This category is created to recognize the substantial economic and land use impacts agricultural uses have on the county. For identification purposes only farming operations exceeding 40 acres should be placed within this category. Farm residences are included only if part of an active farming operation and located on a parcel greater than 40 acres • The 40-acre division is appropriate given the 1982 Census of Agriculture information that indicates that 80 percent of the farms within the county exceed 50 acres. Residential Land The plan delineates two residential classifications, Rural Residential and Residential. Rural Residential: includes those areas identified for residential development where public sewer and/or water is not available or anticipated during the plan period. Such sectors. Rural locations are typically distant from the county's urbanized Residential is often found in close proximity to the county's agricultural areas. - 143 - �I I I I I I I I I I ' The Rural Residential category includes farms and farm residences on parcels from 40 acres to one acre. This density of development is recognized because of the nature of non-farm (and, to some degree, small farm) residential uses. This type of development often occurs when individuals divide larger parcels for residents seeking a rural living environment. The lack of utility service will also dictate somewhat larger parcels for water and sewer provisions. Residential: The Residential classification, sometimes referred to as urban residential, reflects areas either served by public sewer and/or water, or indicates locations where these utilities are potentially available. Lot sizes are generally one acre or less. The Residential classification encompasses full service utility areas, such as the Cities of Coleman and Midland, to outlying townships where utility service has been planned but may not be currently available. In cases where utilities will not be developed for an extended period, local communities should consider the sizing of lots commensure with their ability to supply quality groundwater while also handling wastewater. Commercial Land Commercial areas delineated by the Plan generally coincide with existing commercial development. Community Commercial: The Plan identifies a number of locations as Community Commercial. These areas primarily exist to serve the day to day needs of localized populations (less than 30 minutes away). Typical uses include gasoline service stations, minimarts, grocery stores, restaurants, and other small retail establishments. Limited office development may also be found. Several of the centers, such as along M-20 and at the US-10 interchanges, also serve motorists traveling through the county. The size of a Community Commercial center may vary, but normally does not exceed five to ten acres. In many instances, these centers encompass only the corner - 144 - �I I I I I I I I I I -I -~ " ' lots of highway intersections. The circular symbol represented on the Comprehensive Plan map reflects the general location of the Community Co111T1ercial centers. It does not indicate the size of the centers. -The Plan attempts to recognize viable Community Commercial locations. It is possible that unexpected population growth, changing consumer habits and preferences, or other factors may result in the demand for additional centers. Locational criteria for new centers include: • Demonstrated need based on market demand. • Compatibility with adjacent development~ • Location on designated arterials or collectors as opposed to local streets. • If possible, linkage to public utilities. If not, sites must be capable of supplying potable water and handling wastewater discharges. • Suitable location within the trade area (or market population) to maximize potential for success and reduce travel time and energy costs for consumers. • Suitable access to fire, police, rubbish collection and other municipal services. • Potential for growth. Regional Commercial: It should be recognized that some areas act, or may act, as shopping districts for persons outside the immediate area. Generally these centers will have large "anchor" stores and serve larger populations. Available shopping opportunities will be of a type that will attract customers from distances of about 30 minutes driving time. A regional center provides full range of comparison shopping and includes general merchandise, clothing, furniture, appliances, specialty stores, automotive centers, and like establishments. Regional centers attract consumers from a wide trade area. - 145 - �I I I I I I I The 1974 General Development Plan identified the city of Midland as the county's Regional Shopping Center. The importance of the city as a regional center remains strong. However, growth since the mid-1970s has resulted in new commercial development occurring along the perimeter of the city and into the surrounding townships. Such growth is especially evident in Larkin Township where a major shopping center has been planned on Eastman Road near U.S. 10. Outlying growth is anticipated to continue with many of the traditional corrmercial functions relocating from the city to the growth areas. Accordingly, the Regional County Commercial Center has been moved to just north of the city of Midland. The city, however, remains intrinsically linked to that center. Industrial Lanci The Plan calls for Midland County's industrial land base to primarily remain within existing industrial areas. Development has been provided for in the following locations: • Near the U.S.10 interchanges in Larkin and Lincoln Townships at Eastman, Stark and Meridian Roads). • Off Wackerly Road, east of Meridian Road. • U.S.10 and M-18 interchange. • Westerly portion of the City of Coleman. • The greater City of Midland area (as depicted on the Comprehensive Plan map). New industries desiring to locate in the county will analyze numerous site, labor, and political factors. Knowledge of these can be beneficial to the county and local units of government as they delineate industrial areas and/or seek to attract new industries. They include: • • • • • • • Community acceptance • Transportation logistics - access to freeway, rail, and air • Power supplies, including adequacy and costs • Water supplies, including raw and municpal water • Natural gas supplies • Raw material proximity • Market proximity • - 146 - ) �I • • • • • • • Permitability, including environmental and zoning permits. Utility purchase costs. Land availability and costs. Waste disposal opportunities, including hazardous wastes. Labor supply and labor relations. Local support services. Local development incentives, including tax abatement. New industrial development should be sited in those locations lending themselves to such development. Planned industrial parks are especially suitable. Public Land The Public classification includes land holdings under public and quasi-public ownership, most of which are in a natural condition. These encompass State forest lands and various county and other non-developed municipal holdings. River Corridor The Pl an map pl aces the county's significant surf ace water resources under a River Corridor designation. This designation implies that each of the w~ter systems has been recognized as environmentally sensitive and requires careful management pursuant to use and development. Streets and Highways In addition to land use, the Plan map depicts the existing and proposed thoroughfares using the rural functional classification system developed by the Michigan Department of Transportation. Only the rural cl ass ifi ed roads and improvements are shown on the map. Urban functional classifications of streets and highways in the cities of Coleman and Midland are available at the Michigan Department of Transportation. - 147 - �I I I I I a I I ISSUES, GOALS, POLICIES AND ACTIONS The following represent issues and goals, policies, and action statements of the Midland County Planning Co111T1ission. They have been developed based on an analysis of comprehensive planning data obtained from numerous reports and interviews with local, County and State officials. The issues presented in this section generally correspond with the housing, transportation, community facilities, lanc;f use and general planning elements of the Comprehensive Plan. In particular the pol icy and action statements are meant to be specific ways of implementing comprehensive planning in the county. 1. Issue Identification Issues have been identified relating to areas of concern which the County Planning Commission perceives as requiring some manner of (corrective) attention. Issues are outlined in descriptive form. 2. Goal Statement Goal statements have been identified accomplished pursuant to each issue. 3. indicating what is to be Policl Statement The policy statement is the management component identifying what is to be done to achieve each goal, as well as the responsible agency. 4. Action Statement The action statement(s) refers to specific measures identified to implement policy. - 148 - �HOUSING 1. Affordable Housing Issue: Local land use plans have indicated a need to provide affordable housing for low- and moderate-income persons. Goal: To encourage the development of a countywide housing mix capable of accommodating all economic levels. Policy: The Midland County Housing Commission shall develop and implement a housing plan (program) which addresses the county's housing needs. Actions: • • • • 2. Reassessment of housing needs data. Housing plan (long-term). Administrative/implementation program, including grants and revolving funds. Promotion of available housing rehabilitation grants and loans and meetings with the townships to promote housing programs. Preservation of Housing Issue: Local land use plans have indicated a need to maintain/preserve the existing housing stock, including the revitalization of older neighborhoods. Goal: To encourage the preservation of sound homes and neighborhoods in order to meet existing and future housing needs. - 149 - �I I Policy: I I I The Midland County Housing Commission shall develop and implement a housing plan (program) to address housing and neighborhood rehabilitation/ revitalization needs. Actions: • • • a I I I -II II II " " • • 3. Reassessment of housing needs data (see policy 1). Housing plan (long-term) (see policy 1). Administrative/implementation program, including grants and revolving funds (see policy 1). Promotion of available housing rehabilitation grants and loans and meetings with the townships to promote housing programs (see policy 1). Encourage local governmental units to maintain residential/neighborhood integrity through sound planning and zoning practices (see policy 1). Mobile Home and Modular Home Regulations Issue: Land use regulations governing mobile homes vary widely throughout the county pursuant to uniformity, and locational standards. Goal: To encourage the implementation of minimum uniform standards throughout the county governing mobile home use, construction and placement. Policy: The Midland County Planning Commission in conjunction with local building and zoning officials, shall develop model standards governing the use, construction, and placement of mobile and modular housing. - 150 - �I I I I I a I I I I -~ ~ ~ fl Actions: • • • • 4. Prepare a report on problems in Midland County. Prepare a report on model standards for Midland County. Amendment of municipal zoning ordinances and building codes. Adoption of municipal housing codes. Elderly Housing Needs Issue: Midland County's elderly, and future elderly, population have special housing needs which should be addressed by local planning efforts. Goal: To determine the current and projected housing needs of Midland County's elderly population. Once identified, develop and implement programs which address said needs. Pol icy: The Midland County Housing Commission shall develop and implement a housing plan (program) which addresses the housing needs of elderly residents. Actions: • • • • Reassessment of housing needs data (see policy 1). Housing plan (long-term) (see policy 1). Administrative/implementation program, including grants and revolving funds (see policy 1). Promotion of available housing rehabilitation grants and loans and meetings with the townships to promote housing programs (see pol icy 1) • • • • Prepare a report on model standards for Midland County (see policy 3). Amendment of municipal zoning ordinances and building codes (see pol icy 3). Adoption of municipal housing codes (see policy 3). - 151 - �I I I I • • • 5. County Housing Planning Issue: I The Midland . County Housing Plan is out of date and, therefore, may not reflect current housing need. a Goal: To update the Midland County Housing Plan. I I Policy: The Midland County Housing Commission shall update the Midland County Housing Plan. I I -~ , , - Report on economic feasibility, implementation and financing. County resolution and/or referendum. Grant application for capital and operating expenses. Actions.: • • • • Reassessment of housing needs data (see policy 1). Housing plan (long-term) (see policy 1). Administrative/implementation program, including grants and revolving funds (see policy 1). Promotion of available housing rehabilitation grants and loans and meetings with the townships to promote housing programs ( see policy 1). TRANSPORTATION 6. Traffic Data Issue: Mid 1and County 1acks sufficient traffic data necessary to make accurate assessments of traffic volumes relative to capacity. Consequently, expenditures for roadway and related improvements may not reflect true need. - 152 - �I I I I I Goal: To provide an adequate, safe, and necessary County highway transportation network and to make efficient use of available funds for road and highway construction and repairs. Policy: The Midland County Road Commission shall implement collection program sufficient to determine and transportation improvements. a I I I I ~ -~ ~ ~ Actions: • • • 7. Report on a traffic data system design. Adopt budget and operate system. Annual report on traffic data for the County Planning Commission and local townships. North-South Circulation Issue: West of Midland, north/south inadequate/inefficient. highway circulation patterns are Goal: To develop improved north/south vehicular routes thereby facilitating greater efficiency of traffic movement within and through Midland County. Policy: The Midland County Road Commission shall investigate, and implement as appropriate, improvements to the county's north/south vehicular circulation system. ~ ~ fl fl an ongoing data justify future - 153 - �I I I I I Actions: • • • • 8. Public Transit Issue: a Public transportation in Midland County is faced with many concerns including the lack of assured funding, high cost of serving rural locations, and previous lack of planning. I I I I ' ' Report on analysis/evaluation of problems and needs. Report on plan solutions and reco1T1Tiendations. Capital improvements program. Annual capital budget. Goal: As part of Midland County's overall comprehensive transportation planning effort, to address the need of and future concerns for public transit throughout the county. Policy: The Midland County Board of Commissioners shall address the issue of public transit as part of an overall transportation planning effort. Actions: • • • 9. Report on economic feasibility, implementation and financing. County resolution and/or referendum. Grant application for capital and operating expenses. M-20 and Saginaw Road Corridor Development Issue: M-20 and Saginaw Road are major east/west county corridors. Proper investigation and planning is necessary to assure that future development is consistent with the land use and transportation needs of Midland County. - 154 - �Goal: To conduct a comprehensive assessment of M-20 and Saginaw Road pursuant to overall use and development, including corridor design/development standards and traffic/access controls. Policy: The Midland cou_nty Planning Commission in conjunction with the Midland County Road Co1T1Tiission and the City of Midland shall prepare corridor studies of M-20 and Saginaw Road. Said studies shall include assessments of each system pursuant to use, future development, and traffic/access controls. Actions: • • Report County Report state, on M-20 corridor land use and traffic service for the state, Road Commission and municipalities. on Saginaw Road corridor land use and traffic service for the County Road Co1T1Tiission and municipalities. 10. County Highway Planning Issue: Midland County lacks a long-range (20-year) plan for road and bridge improvements and construction. Goal: To prepare a comprehensive plan and capital improvements program of county and local roads, streets, and bridges. Policy: The Midland County Road Commission, in conjunction with the Midland County Planning Commission, shall prepare a comprehensive transportation plan and capital improvements program covering the County 1 s roads and bridges. - 155 - �Actions: • • • • Report Report Report Report on on on on analysis of 1984 highway needs data. a critical bridges and historical data on bridges. a long-range (20-year) highway and bridge plan. a short-range (4-6 years) capital improvements program. 11. Bicycle and Pedestrian Trafficways Issue: Midland County lacks a long range plan for bicycle and pedestrian trafficways. Goal: To prepare a comprehensive plan and capital improvements program directed at bicycle and pedestrian trafficways. Policy: The Midland County Road Commission, in conjunction with the Midland County Parks and Recretion Co1T1Tiission shall prepare a comprehensive plan and capita 1 improvements program directed at bicycle and pedestrian traffi cways. Actions: • • • • • Report on origins (bicyclists/users), destinations (attractions/ generators) and needs (trail types/corridors). Report on a long-range (20-year) plan. Report on a capital improvements program. Report on a coordination program with county highway planning (see policy 10) and county and city parks and recreation planning. Seek State (MOOT) financing assistance from the Michigan Department of Transportation. - 156 - �I I I I I I I I COMMUNITY FACILITIES 12. Issue: Resistance to annexation could encourage townships adjacent to the City of Midland to allow development which may be inappropriate for areas not served by public utilities. Goal: To provide comprehensive, efficient, and cost-effective utility systems capable of serving the diverse needs of developing areas, including locations potentially suitable for development. Policy: -I -~ The Midland County Planning Commission shall investigate the relationship/ impact of local utility expansion policies to areawide development. Actions: • • • ~ '- Midland Urban Growth Area (MUGA) Policy • • • 13. Report on analysis of MUGA policy on the existing and probable future development within the MUGA requiring full utility service .(water supply and sanitary sewerage). Promotion of communications and cooperation between adjacent townships and the City of Midland. Report on an assessment of county-wide water distribution and sanitary sewerage needs (see policy 22). Report on a long-range plan (see policy 22). Report on a short-range program of improvements, financing and responsibilities (see policy 22). Coordinate with land use plans of the townships and County (see policy 22). Htstoric Sites, Identification & Preservation Issue: Midland County has identified a series of sites providing a rich history of the county's past. The County should continue its efforts at site - 157 - �I I identification as well as site preservation. While accomplishing the above, the County should also determine the extent to which identified sites might be better utilized for historic, cultural, recreational, and/or tourism purposes. I I I Goal: To identify~ resources. a preserve and properly manage Midland County's historic Policy: I I I I The Midland County Parks and Recreation Commission in cooperation with local governing bodies and with the advice of the Midland County Historical Society shall identify the County's historical assets and prepare a management plan pursuant to their use. ~ • • -~ ~ ~ ' ' ' Actions: • • • 14. Report (and map) on sites worthy of identification using signs/markers. Encourage all parties to publicize the historical assets, particularly in conjunction with tourism programs. Report on investigations of potential revenue sources (see policy 16). Enlist the assistance of the state and Automobile Club of Michigan and investigate grant assistance programs. Report on financing and responsibilities. Consolidation of Public Services Issue: Local units of government are faced with providing public services (i.e. fire and police protection, utilities, parks, and community centers) without assurance of necessary future revenue. Goal: To investigate the consolidation and/or privatization of public services in order to offset potential revenue loss. - 158 - �Policy: The Midland County Board of Commissioners in cooperation with local governing bodies, shall investigate potential revenue savings resulting from the consolidation of public services. Actions: • • • 15. Report on inventory of public services, consolidation potentialities, and cost-revenue analysis. Determine methods of more public involvement. Investigation of private operation of public services. County Offices Issue: Existing County offices are decentralized with certain facilities experiencing inconvenient locations (e.g. James Savage Road office facility). Facilities are also showing signs of age and will need to be replaced. This issue has been addressed by the County Facilities Technical Advisory Task Force and Midland County Planning Commission. Goal: To provide governmental facilities capable of meeting the needs and demands of the general public while promoting a high standard of internal efficiency within and between County agencies. Policy: The Midland County Board of Commissioners shall identify and analyze deficiencies within the existing system of County offices and reco111T1end needed improvements. - 159 - �I I I I I Actions: • • • • m • • • • • I I I I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 16. Report on a recommended county office facility. Develop a public traffic flow plan for the interior of the Courthouse. Determine the departments that are likely to expand at a faster rate than others. Declar~ urgency in solving the county office problem and establish priorities for the construction of an office building and the renovation of the Courthouse. Report on renovation of the Courthouse. Report on a county facilities master plan (see policy 21). Determine priorities for county facilities (see policy 21). Report on a county capital improvements program (see policy 21). Annual capital budget (see policy 21). Recreational Funding for Property Acquisition and Facility Development Issue: The acquisition and development of properties for recreational use is largely dependent on outside funding agencies such as the Michigan Department of Natural Resources. The future of such funding is typically uncertain from year to year. Goal: To lessen the County's reliance on outside funding sources for recreational land acquisition and facility development. Policy: The Midland County Parks and Recreation Commission shall investigate potential local revenue sources to be used for land acquisition and facility development. - 160 - �I I I I I I I I 'I -~ Actions: • • • • • 17. Report (and map} on sites worthy of identification using signs/markers (see policy 13). Encourage all parties to publicize the historical assets, particularly in conjunction with tourism programs (see policy 13}. Enlist the assistance of the state and Automobile Club of Michigan and investigate grant assistance programs. Report on financing and responsibilities (see policy 13}. Report on investigations of potential local revenue sources (see policy 13). Meeting Recreational Needs: Issue: Previously, recreational opportunities had been oriented to meeting the needs of local .residents. Recently, there has been emphasis on the significance of recreation to tourism as a way to enhance the overall economy. Concern has been voiced over the responsibility (including financial ability) in meeting both needs. Goal: To develop a balance whereby the recreational needs of both residents and tourists may be adequately served. Policy: As part of their planning effort, the Midland County Parks and Recreation Corrvnission, in cooperation with the Midland County Visitors and Convention Bureau, shall investigate the need and methods of meeting the recreational needs of local residents and tourists. ~ ~ ~ Actions: ~ ~ • ~ Resident versus Tourist • • rec reat i ona l needs Report on tourist-related (demandand attraction-based). Report (and map) on sites worthy of identification using signs/markers (see policy 13). Encourage all parties to publicize the historical assets. particularly in conjunction with tourism programs (see policy 13). - 161 - �• • • • • Enlist the assistance of the state and Automobile Club of Michigan and investigate grant assistance programs (see policy 13). Report on financing and responsibilities (see policy 13). Continue to support the Midland County River Corridor Advisory Co~mittee in overseeing the implementation of the Tittabawassee River Fishing Enhancement Project. Report on programmed recreation for tourists and local residents and public/private responsibilities. Rerort on investigations of potential local revenue sources (see policy ln). I H. Solid Waste Resource Recovery and Disposal Issue: The disposal of solio waste is a continuing and increasing county concern. A special problem is the siting of a long-term disposal facility. (;oal: To implement an efficient, cost-effective, waste management system capable of meeting the diverse needs of Midland County. Policy: The Midlanrl County Board of Commissioners shall maintain a waste management rlan capablP of meeting the diverse needs of Midland County and shall ~evelop anrl manage an implementation program and schedule. Actions: • • • • R11dqet for ongoing coordination of solid waste management planning. Rurlget for professional management consulting services and advice on managing the implementation of the plan. nPvelop an implementation program and schedule. r:stahlish a puhlic ertucation program ano promote public awareness of the immediate need to select a solid waste facility process and proceed with implementation of a designed facility. - 162 - �I I I I I 19. Issue: No system presently exists for setting priorities of county drain system improvements. Goal: To develop a system for setting priorities of county drain improvements. I I I I I Policy: The Midland County Drain Commissioner shall prepare a countywide drainage system plan oriented to future drain improvements and maintenance of existing drains. Actions: • • • ~ '~ ~ , , ~ ~ County Drains • 20. Report on analysis of drainage problems. Report on existing drains and future drain improvements with priorities. Coordinate with township planning, county road planning, soil conservation service/soil erosion control programs, and county drain budget. Develop a yearly schedule of drain improvements in conjunction with road improvements for county and township review and planning purposes. Adaptive Reuse of Schools Issue: A decline in school age children may result in an excess of classroom space and possible future closure of schools. This issue is often a controversial one requiring public input and education. - 163 - �Goal: To determine future classroom space needs and, consolidation of space and adaptive if necessary, reuse of excess need for facilities and to educate the public regarding the need for these actions. Policy: The Midland Intermediate School District, in cooperation with local school districts, shall investigate future space needs, including the need for consolidation of space. If space con sol idat ion is necessary, the Board shall educate the public accordingly. Schools that are no longer in use should be put to adaptive reuse. Actions: • Report on future space needs, consolidation potentialities, and appropriate adaptive reuses. • 21. Establish and maintain a file on proposals and ideas for adaptive uses. Planning of County Government Facilities Issue: Existing public facilities and programs may be insufficient to meet future need. Such facilities Center {including Maintenance and programs Harbour Facility, House), Courthouse, include: County Jail, Pinecrest Home, Animal Control Children's Central Facility, Vehicle Parks and Recreation Buildings, Mosquito Control, Fairground Buildings Improvement, Mental Health Day Activity Center, Central Data Processing, Vehicles and Major Equipment, and Land Acquisition Programs. Goal: To provide necessary County facilities and programs commensurate with anticipated need and in accordance with a capital improvements program. - 164 - �Policy: The Midland County Board of Commissioners shall determine future County facility needs, facility costs, and methods of funding. Actions: • • • • 22. Report on a county facilities master plan. Determi.ne priorities for county facilities. Report on a county capital improvements program. Annual capital budget. Water Supply Without Consideration of Public Sewers Issue: There is a need to prepare long-range plans for water distribution in conjunction with sanitary sewers. Goal: To provide for a coordinated program of water distribution and sanitary sewerage planning. Pol icy: The Midland County Board of Public Works shall prepare a long-range plan addressing countywide water distribution and sanitary sewerage needs. Actions: • • • • Report on an assessment of countywide water distribution and sanitary sewerage needs. Report on a long-range plan. Report on a short-range program of improvements, financing and responsibilities. Coordinate with land use plans of the townships and County. - 165 - �LAND USE 23. Random Development Resulting From Poor Soils Issue: On-site waste water disposal causes random development when buildings must locate in areas where soils are suitable for on-site disposal. Goal: To identify areas potentially unsuitable for on-site waste water disposal in order to discourage high density use and development, while encouraging more appropriate land use alternatives. Policy: The Midland County Health Department shall identify areas unsuitable for on-site waste water disposal in order to discourage high density or related inappropriate development. Actions: • 24. Report (and maps) on areas potentially unsuitable for on-site waste water disposal for the general public, municipalities and County Planning Commission. Location of Industrial and Commercial Development Issue: Based on recent projections, the amount of land needed for new industrial and commercial development is relatively limited. Competition between communities for that development is likely to be keen. - 166 - �I I I I I I I I I I - ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Goal: To promote commercial and industrial development in areas exhibiting necessary locational criteria and offering the highest potential for success. Policy: The Midland · County Growth Council in cooperation with the Midland County Planning Commission, and local municipalities shall identify and promote commercial and industrial development at those locations offering the greatest potential for success. Actions: • • 25. Acknowledgement of Growth Council's promotion strategy. Promotion of communications and cooperation between the municipalities and county economic development and planning agencies. Floodplain Development Issue: Limited development has occurred within the 100-year flood-prone areas of the major rivers, thus subjecting said development to the potential of flooding, as well as potentially impacting the capacity of the rivers to handle future high water levels. Goal: To prepare and implement regulations governing floodplain development. Policy: Local governmental units shall prepare and implement regulations governing floodplain development. - Hi7 - �I I I I Actions: • • 26. Applications for national flood insurance program. Adoption of floodplain regulations/ordinances consistent with uniform standards of the Federal Emergency Management Agency. Land Use Compatibility Between Governmental Units Issue: Various land use conflicts have been identified occurring along the borders of contiguous governmental units. Often, this results from the rezoning of property in one unit without consideration for the zoning classification in the adjacent unit. Goal: To encourage an orderly and appropriate transition of land uses between governmental units. Policy: The Midland County Planning Commission shall work with local governmental units to encourage the elimination of border (land use) conflicts, and discourage future conflicts. Actions: • 27. Provision of policy guidance and technical assistance in context of the County Comprehensive Plan (e.g. conduct workshops, seminars, conflict resolution/information conferences). Regional Commercial Center Location Issue: The City of Midland has traditionally served as the county's regional center for commercial activities. A regional shopping mall is proposed - 168 - �for the Midland community. As outlying areas develop. competition with the city has/will occur as townships attempt to secure a greater share of the conmercial development. Also. it is proposed that the Midland central business district be redeveloped with a hotel-conference center-shopping complex. These phenomena have raised the question of whether or not a regional county commercial center is necessary and. if so. its location. Goal: To determine the need and location of a regional county conmercial center. Policy: The Midland County Planning Commission shall determine the need and location for a regional county conmercial center. Actions: • • • 28. Report on regional market analysis. Report on definitions of commercial areas. existing and future. Assist the townships and city in the preparation of commercial development plans. Issue - Economic Development Sites Planned industrial parks. business parks. and commercial centers should be primarily oriented to the Midland County Growth Council 1 s targeted i ndust ri es. Goal: To encourage the development of the Growth Council's targeted industries in planned industrial and business parks and commercial centers. Policy: The Midland County Growth Council. in cooperation with the Midland County Planning Commission. shall identify locations suitable for the Council's targeted industries. - 169 - �I I I I I I I I Actions: • 29. Local plans - often discuss the need to protect/preserve prime agricultural lands, yet local development regulations/policies often encourage the non-farm use of such lands. Goal: To identify, protect non-agricultural use. ~ and preserve prime agricultura 1 lands from Policy: Local governmental units shall identify prime agricultural implement measures to protect same. lands and Actions: ~ ~ Prime Farmland Preservation Issue: I I ~ ~ ~ ~ Report (and map) of sites suitable for planned industrial parks and business centers in the context of the County Comprehensive Plan. • • • • 30. Township maps of U.S. Soil Conservation Service-classified prime agricultural lands. Workshop on measures to preserve agricultural land. Report on model/sample preservation techniques. Continuation of the countywide gypsy moth suppression program. Conflicts Between Residential/Non-residential Development Issue: Land use conflicts often arise as new commercial or industrial development seeks to locate in areas of existing residential development. - 170 - �Goal: Through planning, to provide for an appropriate spatial distribution/ location of use types throughout the community to lessen potential conflicts. Moreover, implement necessary development standards to decrease compatibility concerns. Policy: Local governmental units sha 11 pl an for the appropriate di stri buti on of land uses and implement measures to encourage said distribution. Actions: • • • 31. Prepare/update municipal land use plans. Prepare a report on model/sample standards to decrease compatibility concerns. Prepare/amend zoning ordinances and maps consistent with land use plans. Residential Development In Non-Utility Areas Issue: Housing densities more typical of urbanized areas are occurring in rural locations without benefit of existing or planned utilities, specifically public sewer or water. Such development may pose a threat to existing ground water supplies resulting in a potential health hazard. Goal: To encourage high density residential development to locate in areas where utilities exist or are planned. Policy: Local governmental units shall restrict high density development, including residential development, to existing or planned full service utility locations. - 171 - �I I I I I I I I I I I ~ ~ ~ ~ Actions: • • 32. Municipal maps showing existing and/or planned full service utility areas available for the general public, municipalities and County Planning Commission. Prepare/amend zoning ordinances and maps in accordance with level of utility services and _municipal master plan. Soil Erosion Issue: Each year Midland County experiences a soil loss of 271,800 tons due to various forms of erosion. The majority of this loss (265,500 tons) is related to cropland. Goal: To improve erosion control practices throughout the county as a means of curbing soil loss. Policy: Local land owners, including public agencies shall be encouraged to work with the United States Soil Conservation Service, Agricultural Stabil i zat ion and Conservation Service, Cooperative Extension Service, and related agencies to formulate and carry out erosion control programs. Actions: • • • • • Prepare and distribute to land owners information concerning erosion problems and erosion control methods in cooperation with local units of government. Use of the media should be considered for this action. Prepare sample/model standards for codes and ordinances. Increase the level of on-site field assistance to land owners. Develop and/or expand programs whereby landowners employing erosion control practices are given puhlic/media recognition. Where feasible, incorporate erosion control standards in development regulations such as zoning ordinances. - 172 - �• Ensure that the provisions of Public Act 347, the Soil Erosion and Sedimentation Control Act, are being properly enforced. GENERAL PLANNING 33. Urban Amenities in Rural Locations Issue: Many residents living in rural locations often desire those amenities found in urban locations such as paved streets, public utilities, cable television, recreational facilities. Providing such amenities in rural areas are typically not cost-effective, moreover, they may serve to encourage further decentralization of the populace to rural areas. Goal: To provide facilities and services commensurate with sound land development and growth policies and practices. Policy: Local governmental units shall provide facilities and services commensurate with sound land and growth development policies. Actions: • • 34. Prepare/update/adopt municipal master pl ans or community facilities plans. Local planning commission review of public works in accordance with adopted master plan. Issue - Private Sewage Systems The lack of public sanitary sewers requires reliance on on-site disposal. This may result in ground water and surface water problems as development increases. - 173 - �I I I I I I -· -I ~ ~ ~ , , , , Goal: To carefully regulate development in non-sewered locations in order to protect ground water resources. Policy: Local governmental units, in cooperation with the Midland County Health Department~ shall carefully regulate development in non-sewered locations as a way of protecting groundwater resources. Actions: • 35. Municipal codes and ordinances in accordance with policy 23 action program and county health department regulations. Midland Urban Growth Area (MUGA) Policy Issue: The MUGA policy has created, in some instances, lack of coordinated planning efforts between the City of Midland and other units of governments. Goal: To cooperatively plan for comprehensive, efficient, and cost-effective utility systems capable of serving the diverse needs of developing areas, including locations potentially suitable for development. Policy: Local governmental units within the MUGA shall cooperatively plan and develop full utility systems. Actions: • Intergovernmental report on utility systems planning in the City of Midland and adjacent townships. - 174 - �I I I I I I I • 36. ~ ~ ~ , , , , Air Pollution Control Issue: The Michigan Department of Natural Resources has indicated that industrial air quality monitoring in Midland County does not adequately assess exotic pollutants. Goal: To provide an adequate and accurate system capable of measuring and interpreting local ambient atmospheric emissions/conditions resulting from industrial processes. '~ ~ Intergovernmental agreements on provision of utilities within the MUGA. Policy: The Midland County Health Department, in cooperation with the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, shall monitor local atmospheric conditions pursuant to industrial emissions. Actions: • • • 37. Report documenting the nature and extent of emissions. Report on a system of monitoring and testing emissions. Report on an air quality maintenance plan. Stream System Use Issue: The Tittabawassee, Chippewa, Pine, and Salt Rivers and Sanford Wixom Lakes have been identified as significant for scenic and recreational use, yet many local comprehensive plans/zoning ordinances do not recognize these systems for such use. - 175 - �I I I I I I I I I I I I -I I I I ~ Goal: To encourage local communities to consider as part of their planning process, the scenic and recreational value of the county's major water features. A secondary goal might involve the preparation of implementation guidelines/controls governing a river/lake development. Policy: Midland County local governmental units in cooperation with the Midland County Parks and Recreation Corrmission, shall be responsible for implementing the planning and zoning recommendations of the Mid,-and County River Corridor Study report. Actions: • • • • 38. Prepare/update municipal master plans in accordance with the County River Corridor Study and the County Comprehensive Plan. Workshops on measures to protect/preserve river corridors. Report on model/sample protection and preservation techniques. Prepare/update municipal zoning ordinances and map in accordance with municipal master plans. Midland County Economic Development Strategy Issue: County development (commercial and industrial) is best achieved through a planned approach whereby the various parties combine efforts to achieve a desired end. The coordination of effort between parties (agencies) needs to be expanded. Goal: To maximize the county 1 s economic development potential through the joint effort of local governmental units, appropriate public agencies, and the private sector. - 176 - �II II -II -al -~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Pol icy: The Midland County Growth Council shall continue to develop and implement programs to coordinate economic development efforts among local agencies, governmental units, and the private sector. Actions: • 39. Acknowleqgement of Growth Council's economic development strategy. Economic Diversification Issue: The economy of Midland County is largely dependent on a limited number of major employers. This lack of diversification may prove harmful should economic conditions negatively impact any one of the said employers. Goal: To encourage economic diversification versus orientation to a limited range of industrial employers/types. However, a companion goal to the above shall be to encourage the retention and expansion of existing industries. Policy: The Midland County Growth Counc i1 sha 11 continue to encourage economic diversification in its marketing efforts. The Council shall also strive to maintain existing industries. Actions: • 40. Acknowledgement of Growth Council's marketing efforts. Coordinated Management of County Offices Issue: Concern has been voiced over the lack of coordination of activities among County offices pursuant to such concerns as housing, transportation, - 177 - �community facilities, and land use. The lack of coordination may lead to operational inefficiencies, as well as efforts contrary to the desires of governmental leaders and the local citizenry. Goal: To develop a management system capable of coordinating county activities in order to achieve optimum efficiencies, provide quality service, and meet the needs and desires of the county at large concerning housing, transportation, community facilities, and land use. Pol icy: The Midland County Board of Commissioners shall develop a management system capable of coordinating County activities pursuant to housing, transportation, community facilities, and land use. Action • 41. Board policy statement on how certain departments will coordinate their work to effectuate the implementation of the comprehensive plan. Planning Effort By Local Governmental Units Issue: Community master plans and zoning ordinances vary markedly in format, depth of information and consistency with current law. Some communities do not have current comprehensive plans. Goal: To encourage local communities to prepare and maintain those documents necessary to properly guide growth and development. Policy: The Midland County Planning Commission shall advise local communities on the need to prepare and maintain necessary planning and zoning documents. - 178 - �Actions: • 42. Workshops on preparing/updating municipal documents. master plans and zoning Groundwater Protection Issue: Local communities have stressed the need to protect groundwater from contamination in order to ensure long-term supplies of clean water for residential and commercial purposes. Goal: To protect local groundwater supplies. Policy: The Midland County Health Department, in cooperation with local governing bodies, shall develop and implement ground water protection measures and shall monitor suspected problem areas. Actions: • • • • Report on groundwater resources/hydrogeological conditions in the county. Report on assessment of groundwater problems and the impact of large users drawing down the water table. Report on a groundwater protection management plan, including protection measures and a monitoring system. Establish priorities for monitoring suspected groundwater contamination areas, such as existing municipal landfills, closed dump sites, wells and abandoned gas stations. - 179 - �• • • • "' ' ' ' '~ IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMS A major component of the County Comprehensive Plan update relates to the development of actions designed to carry out the various Plan components. A majority of those actions have been previously identified under the section detailing Issues, Goals, Policies, and Actions. Actions generally relate to one of three categories; 1) service/assistance projects, 2) plans/reports to be completed or updated, 3) capital needs (physical projects). This section summarizes the actions in tabular form and indicates: • The specific action, categorized according to type. • The lead agency responsible for meeting the identified action. • Time frame to complete the action. one to five years. Short-term actions are programmed for Long-term actions are progra1T111ed for six to twenty years and may include continuation of short-term action initiatives. should be noted that certain actions may overlap both periods. - 180 - It �• • "-~ Table 36 Service/Assistance Projects, Midland County PROJECT AGENCY SHORT TERM LONG TERM 1. HOUSING a. b. 2. a. b. 3. a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. Implement housing programs including grant/loan programs Adopt hous fng code standards a. Midland Co. Housing Commission b. Local governmental units TRANSPORTATION Implement traffic data system a. Midland Co. Road Conmission Implement public transit system b. Midland Co. Board of Commissioners COMMUNITY FACILITIES Promote intergovernmental utility cooperation Publicize historical assets a. Midland Co. Planning Conmission b. Midland Co. Parks & Recreation Commission c. Midland Co. Parks & Seek grant assistance for Recreation Commission program enhancement d. Midland Co. Parks & Coordinate intergovernmental recreation planning Recreation Commission e. Midland Co. Board of Implement Solid Waste ManageCommissioners ment Pl an f. Midland Co. Drain Coordinate intergovernmental/ Commissioner agency planning and programming of drainage improvements g. Midland County Board Coordinate water distribution of Public Works planning with local planning effort h. Midland County Mosquito control - 181 - X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X �• • • • • - PROJECT 4. a. b. c. d. e. 5. a. LAND USE Intergovernmental/agency coordination of economic develop~ ment planning and promotion Seek applications for National Flood Insurance Program Provide technical planning assistance and data products Educate public and provide technical assistance concerning soil erosion Gypsy moth suppression GENERAL PLANNING Provide ongoing planning assistance and educational programs pertaining to planning and related growth and development issues AGENCY SHORT TERM LONG TERM a. Midland Co. Growth Council/Midland Co • Planning Commission b. Local governmental units c. Midland Co. Planning Commission d. U.S. Soil Conservation Service X X X X X X X X e. Midland County X X a. Midland Co. Planning Co1T111ission X X - 182 - �" " "II -II • -~ ~ ~ ~ Table 37 Plans and Reports PLANS/REPORTS a. HOUSING Housing Plan Update b. Mobil e/Mod.ul ar Home Study 1. c. Mobile/Modular Home Standards 2. a. TRANSPORTATION Traffic ::>ata System I s Report b. Traffic Data Report (Annual ) c• d. e. f. g. h. 3. a. North-South Circulation Study Public Transit Feasibility Study M-20 and Saginaw Rd. Corridor Studies Highway and Bridge Plan and Capital Improvements Program Bicycle and Pedestrian Trafficways Report Sign Inventory Program COMMUNITY FACILITIES MUGA Policy Analysis/Report SHORT AGENCY a. Midland Co. Housing Commission b. Midland Co. Housing Commission c. Midland Co. Housing Commission TERM LONG TERM X X X X a. Midland Co. Road Commission b. Midland Co. Road Commission c. Midland Co. Road Commission d. Midland Co. Board of Commissioners e. Midland Co. Planning Commission f. Midland Co. Road Commission X g. Midland Co. Road Commission X h. Midland Co. Road Commission X X X X X X a. Midland Co. Planning Commission - 183 - X X X X �" " ""'-, PLANS/REPORTS b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j • k. 1. m. 4. a. b. c. d. e. Historic Sites Identification and Preservation Public Services Consolidation Study County Office Facility & Space Study County Courthouse Renovation Study Recreational Funding Report Midland County Tourism Study Midland County Recreation Plan Update Solid Waste Management Implementation County Drain Plan Adaptive Reuse Study - Public Schools County Facilities Master Plan Public Utility Needs Study AGENCY b. Midland Co. Parks & Recreation Co1J111ission c. Midland Co. Board of Commissioners d. Midland Co. Board of Commissioners e. Midland Co. Board of Commissioners f. Midland Co. Parks & Recreation Commission g. Midland Co. Parks & Recreation Commission h. Midland Co. Parks & Recreation Commission i. Midland Co. Board of Commissioners j . Midland Co. Drain Commissioner k. Midland Co. Intermediate School District l. Midland Co. Planning Commission m. Midland Co. Board of Public Works LAND USE Soil Capability Report a. Midland Co. Health Department Regional Market Analysis Report b. Midland Co. Planning Commission c. Midland Co. Growth Economic Development •sites Council Report Farmland Preservation Techniques d. Midland Co. Planning Commission Report Land Use/Master Plans (updates) e. Local Governmental Units - 184 - SHORT TERM LONG TERM X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X �II II II II II -II PLANS/REPORTS 5. a. b. c. d. GENERAL PLANNING Facility Plans updates Air Quality Report update Groundwater Quality Study County Capital Improvements Program AGENCY a. Local Governmental Units b. Midland Co. Health Department c. Midland Co. Health Department d. Midland Co. Planning Commission II II II - - 185 - SHORT TERM TERM X X X X LONG X X X �• • • • • • • • • • • Table 38 Capital Needs, Midland County* NEEDS 1. Historic Sites Markers 2. Air Quality Monitoring Equipment 3. New Landfill Site Acquisition/ Development 4. Traffic Counters 5. County Road Improvements (various) 6. Public Transit Vehicles 7. Expansion of Water District No.I 8. Manitou Park Acquisition/ Development 9. Courthouse Exterior Restoration 10. County Office Facility 11. Courthouse Interior Renovation 12. 9,000 sq.ft. Addition(Phase II)/ Dow Memorial Library ·13. Emergency Operating Center 14. Fairgrounds Master Plan Implementation 15. West Midland Community Center New Building AGENCY SHORT TERM 1. Midland Co. Parks & Recreation Commission 2. Midland Co. Health Department 3. Midland Co. Board of Commissioners 4. Midland Co. Road Commission 5. Midland Co. Road Commission 6. Midland Co. Board of Commissioners/Michigan Department of Transportation 7. Midland Co. Board of Public Works 8. Midland Co. Parks & Recreation Commission 9. Midland Co. Board of Commissioners IO.Midland Co. Board of Commissioners 11.Midland Co. Board of Commissioners 12.City of Midland 13.West Midland Community Center 14.Midland Co • . Fair Board 15.West Midland Community Center - 186 - LONG TERM X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X �II II II II II -~ ~ ~ AGENCY NEEDS 16. Renovation/Expansion of Pinecrest 17. Children's Center 18. 567 S.F. Addition to Animal Control Building 19. New Spray Equipment-Mosquito Control 20. Central Vehicle Maintenance Control 21. Road Patcher - Road Commission 22. Increase in Jail Capacity 23. Midland Hospital Center Expansion 24. Vocational Tech Wing 25. Applied Science Lab 26. Midland Co. Council on Aging New Building 27. Sanford Museum - Expansion 28. Mill Restoration 29. Homer Road Bridge 30. Eastman Road SHORT TERM 16.Pinecrest Home 17.Probate Court/ Midland Co. Board of Commissioners 18.Midland Co. Animal Control/ Board of Commissioners 19.Mosquito Control X X X X 20.Midland Co. Board of Corrrnissioners 21.Midland Co. Road Commission 22.Midland Co. Board of Commissioners 23.Midland Hospital 24.Delta College 25.Michigan Molecular Institute 26.Midland Co. Council on Aging 27.Sanford Museum 28.Midland Co. Historical Museum 29.Midland County Road Commission 30.Michigan Department of Transportation/Midland County Road Corrrnission/ City of Midland - 187 - LONG TERM X X X X X X X X X X X �NEEDS 31. Completion of U.S. 1O/M-2O Interchange 32. Magruder Connector (M-18 to South County Line) 33. Salzburg Road Improvement 34. Midland City Hall (Proposed) AGENCY 31.Michigan Department of Transportation 32.Midland County Road Commission 33.Midland County Road Commission/City of Midland 34.City of Midland - 188 - SHORT TERM LONG TERM X X X X �COUlf O L AOW I t p11Ji i1Jf TT dH N ll FIGURE 17 COMPREHENSIVE PLAN z c( ..J LEGEND CL w LAND USE CJ AGRICULTURAL > en z ~ PUBLIC :i:: c( ~ RIVER CORRIDOR a: fIItid RURAL RESIDENTIAL .. w z w RESIDENTIAL llilllll INDUSTRIAL ~ COMMERCIAL (< C, CL :i:: (> >t- :I!: 0 0 :I!: 0 1ac.) 1ac.) @ COMMUNITY COMMERCIAL A REGIONAL COMMERCIAL > tz z :::, :::, 0 0 Q Q c( ..J c( ..J 0 0 z z ... -:I!: -:I!: Q Q STREETS AND HIGHWlYS - RURAL MAJOR ARTERIALS I RURAL MINOR ARTERIALS -■■- RURAL MAJOR COLLECTORS •••••• RURAL MINOR COLLECTORS 1111111 PROPOSED RURAL MINOR ARTERIALS 111111 PROPOSED RURAL MAJOR COLLECTORS I • I I LOCAL STREETS NOTE: REFER TO EXISTING STREET AND HIGHWAY FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION MAP FOR SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION JANUARY 1987 'JI (., .. FOR CITIES OF MIDLAND AND COLEMAN , t II A T ... I O t •• u • T ' ... C O U N T ~SCALI : 1• = ., ''I .. ~ T 1000' L___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ I !: fi!t D � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Wyckoff Planning and Zoning Collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Planning & Zoning Center (Lansing, Mich.) (Organization) Wyckoff, Mark A. Description An account of the resource Municipal master plans and zoning ordinances from across the state of Michigan, spanning from the 1960s to the early 2020s. The bulk of the collection was compiled by urban planner Mark Wyckoff over the course of his career as the founder and principal planner of the Planning and Zoning Center in Lansing, Michigan. Some additions have been made to the collection by municipalities since it was transferred to Grand Valley State University. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Michigan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960/2023 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/870">Planning and Zoning Center Collection (RHC-240)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">No Copyright - United States</a> Subject The topic of the resource Michigan Comprehensive plan publications Master plan reports Zoning--Michigan Zoning--Maps Maps Land use--planning Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-240 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Midland-County_Comprehensive-Plan_1987 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Midland County Planning Commission, Midland County, Michigan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1987-07 Title A name given to the resource Midland County Comprehensive Plan Description An account of the resource The Midland County Comprehensive Plan was prepared by the Midland County Planning Commission with the assistance of the Department of County Development and the WBDC Group Consultants in July 1987. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Department of County Development The WBDC Group Consultants (consultant) Subject The topic of the resource Master plan reports Midland County (Mich.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/870">Planning and Zoning Center Collection (RHC-240)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/de3717d5e614d82ea1b03c1d1c830a43.pdf b54bef5edfcaaec682c1ed0d4b67d0f2 PDF Text Text d COMPREHENSIVE PLAN HOPE WARREN MILLS EDENVILLE @LEMAN GENEVA JEROME LINCOLN LARKIN FORD HOMER GREENDALE LEE MOUNT .JASPER PORTER HALEY lNGERSOLL �MIDLAND COUNTY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN Prepared for: MIDLAND COUNTY Midland, Michigan APRJL 1993 PROJECT NO. El2157-4 Prepared by: GOVE ASSOCIATES INC. 1601 Portage Street Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001 �MIDLAND COUNTY PLANNING COMMISSION Robert R. Thurlow, Chairman Dale C. Bement Sue L. Broughton Betty L. Fillmore Michael W. Garety Jeremy W. Kilar Gale L. Klingensmith E. Barbara Schoenherr Hugh E. Sullivan Vincent F. Vornhagen Dale A. Wolfgang DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING Richard A. Maltby, Director of Planning Deborah S. Hughes, Clerk Secretary GOVE ASSOCIATES INC. Kalamazoo, Michigan Karl F. Freed, AICP, PCP Nick Evers, AICP David E. Bee �1 PREFACE This Plan is an update of the 1987 Midland County Comprehensive Plan, which in turn was an update of the County's 1974 General Development Plan. The functional goal of this update is the same as the 1987 update: to provide a current inventory and analysis of conditions in the County as well as to address new and recurring planning and development issues. As with the 1987 Plan the County Department of Planning provided guidance and technical advice in compiling this updated Plan. Although the format for this Plan is generally the same as the 1987 Plan, it differs from that document in several ways. This Plan considers a current and important concept in area-wide planning - unified growth management techniques - that promotes implementation through a coordinated approach among the various units of government within the County. The Comprehensive Land Use Plan map is revised from the 1987 map in that it reflects a change in the designation of rural residential development in some townships. The most extensive difference is the expansion of the implementation program to include additional goals and objectives to address new issues and the inclusion of an implementation "matrix" to identify the specific strategies and activities that should be undertaken over the life of the Plan. In effect, this Plan update incorporates the traditional comprehensive planning approach with the more recently developed strategic planning process to provide a "result" oriented document. This Plan relies upon a variety of participants working together to make the likelihood of success more probable. As the 1987 Comprehensive Plan acknowledged, the updating of the County Plan required the cooperation of a large number of individuals, agencies and organizations. We are appreciative of their efforts in assisting in the development of the Plan and trust they will continue to be involved in the effort to implement this Plan. �We believe this Plan reflects the best, and most realistic, direction the County should follow to ensure that its overall "quality-of-life" is retained and even enhanced. Cooperation, wise management of growth and development, and a clear vision of the future are the key factors that will enable the County and its residents to achieve the goals promoted in this Plan. This report is organized into eleven sections, corresponding closely with the actual process of analyzing the County's needs and problems and updating the Comprehensive Plan. Section A gives the purpose of the Comprehensive Plan and its recommendations. The County's historical setting is described in Section B. A physical profile of the County, focusing on geographical features, farmlands, environmental quality, and historic sites is presented in Section C. Section D includes a socioeconomic profile of the County, which describes the County's population and housing characteristics and economic conditions. Planning and development relationships, based on various State, regional, County and local government plans, are described in Section E. Section F describes the transportation facilities and services in the County. Section G describes the community facilities in the County, including water and sewer facilities, recreation facilities, public and quasi-public facilities and services, and County government facilities. A description of the County's community development trends, patterns, and problems is presented in Section H. Statements of goals, policies and actions regarding planning in the County are presented in Section I. The Comprehensive Plan, which focuses on land use, community facilities, housing, transportation, economic development, environmental management, and planning coordination and implementation, is described in Section J. Growth management techniques and a program for implementing the Comprehensive Plan are presented in Section K. �TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1 - A-4 Plan Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1 Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2 HISTORICAL SETTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1 - B-2 PHYSICAL PROFILE ...................................................... C-1 - C-24 Geophysical Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1 Geology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1 Topography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1 Floodplains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1 Water Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-4 Wetlands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-4 Soils ........................................................ C-4 Soil Erosion . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-6 Farmlands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-7 Prime Farmlands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-7 Unique Farmlands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-8 Farmland Preservation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-9 Forest Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-11 Environmental Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-11 Water Quality . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-11 Environmental Contamination Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-13 Air Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-14 Historic Sites ......................................................... C-18 SOCIOECONOMIC PROFILE ......... . ..................................... . D-1 - D-43 Demographic Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1 Population Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1 Housing Profile • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • . • • • . . • • D-16 Housing Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-16 Home Improvement Loans ..................................... .. .. D-17 Housing Development Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-20 Housing Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-22 Economic Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-28 Labor Force Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-28 Occupational Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-29 Income by Jurisdiction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-30 Building Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-31 Employment Projections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-33 Future Economic Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-34 Development Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-34 Industrial Parks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-35 Tourism ....................................................... D-35 Sport Fishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-38 Development Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-39 I �Future Labor Force . . . Industrial Siting . . . . . . Constraints . . . . . . . . . UtUities . . . • . . . . . . . . Transportation . . . • . . Income Projections . . . . . . . . . ....... ....... ....... .....•. ....... ....... . . . . . . ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .... .... .... .... .... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... .... .... .... .... .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .... .... .... .... .... D-39 D-40 D-41 D-41 D-41 D-42 PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT RELATIONSHIPS ............................... E-1 - E-15 State of Michigan Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1 Recreation .......•...•... .......... ............................. E-1 Transportation ................................................... E-4 Natural Resources & Environment ..................................... E-4 Regional Plans . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-5 Adjacent Counties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-5 East Central Michigan Planning & Development Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-6 Saginaw Bay Resource Conservation and Development Area ............................................. E-7 Midland County Development Plans .......................................... E-7 County Facilities Master Plan - 1990 Update ............................. E-7 Capital Improvements Program ....................................... E-8 Comprehensive Community Corrections Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-8 Solid Waste Management Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-8 Affordability Housing Study for Out-County Area of Midland County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-9 Midland County Strategic Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-9 Recreation Plan 1988 ............................................. E-10 River Protection Plan ............................................. E-10 Local Government Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1 o Municipal Goals & Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-11 Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy City of Midland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-14 Coleman Strategic Plan ........ ..... .............. ................. E-14 Future Land Use Composition ....................................... E-14 TRANSPORTATION ....................................................... F-1 - F-9 Traffic Major Thoroughfares .............................................. . Highway and Street Functional Classification System ............................ . Rural Major Arterials .............................................. . Rural Minor Arterials .............................................. . Rural Major Collectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . Rural Minor Collector ......................................... .... . Local Streets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . System Improvements .................................................. . State Road Improvements .......................................... . County Road Improvements ........•................................ Related Plans and Programs ........................................ . Midland County Long-Range Transportation Plan ......................... . Public Transit ....•..................................................... RaU ........................................•........................ Air ........................................ , ........................ . Jack Barstow Airport .............................................. . F-1 F-1 F-2 F-2 F-3 F-3 F-3 F-3 F-5 F-5 F-5 F-5 F-6 F-6 F-7 F-7 F-7 I I I I I I I I I I I • • • �l Tri-City International Airport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-7 Private Air Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-8 Nonmotorlzed Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-8 COMMUNITY FACILITIES .................................................. G-1 - G-51 Utilities and Services ..................................................... G-1 Sanitary Sewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-1 Water .........•........•.................. ..... ............. . G-1 Solid Waste Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-2 Drains ......................................................... G-6 Recreation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-1 O Existing County Park Facilities & Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-1 O Municipal/Township Parks ......................................... G-12 River and Stream Corridor Preservation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-12 Future County Park & Recreation Needs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-14 Public and Quasi-Public Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-16 County Government Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-16 CltyjVillagejTownship Halls ........................................ G-17 Township and Municipal Descriptions ................................. G-17 Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-25 Medical & Emergency Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-26 MidMlchigan Regional Medical Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-27 Midland County Fairgrounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-27 Public Education Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-28 Colleges & Universities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-34 Community Centers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-40 Senior Citizen Centers ............................................ G-42 Museums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-43 County Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-44 Pinecrest Home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-44 Harbour House . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-44 Children's Center ................................................ G-45 Horizon Building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-45 Department of Animal Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-45 Midland County Mosquito Control Facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-46 Sheriff Department Emergency Services Building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-46 Fire Departments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-46 Midland County Road Commission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-46 Midland County Jail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-48 Mental Health Department . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-49 TRENDS, PATTERNS AND PROBLEMS ....... ... ............................... H-1 - H-7 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Analysis of Physical and Natural Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Analysis of People . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Analysis of Housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Analysis of Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Analysis of Public Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Analysis of Public Schools ................................................ Analysis of Higher Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Analysis of County Facilities ..................... ... . .... ............... ... Conclusion ............................................................ H-1 H-1 H-2 H-3 H-3 H-4 H-6 H-6 H-7 H-7 �~ GOALS, POLICIES AND STRATEGIES .......................................... 1-1 -1-22 Land Use ....•.......•................................................. 1-1 Community Facilities . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . • . . • . 1-5 Housing • . • . . • . • . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8 Transportation .......•.................................................. 1-9 Economic Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11 Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12 Planning Information, Coordination and Implementation ........................... 1-14 Implementation of 1987 Comprehensive Planning Policies ......................... 1-18 I I I I COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ................................................... J-1 - J-34 Land Use • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-1 Existing Land Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-1 Recommended Future Land Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-1 Agricultural Land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-1 Residential Land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-4 Commercial Land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-7 Industrial Land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-12 Public Land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-13 River and Stream Preservation Corridors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-16 Nonmotorized Transportation Corridor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-17 Synopsis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-17 Community Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-18 Sewer/Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-19 Recreation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-19 County Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-20 Township/Municipal Halls .......................................... J-20 Police and Fire Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-20 Community Centers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-20 Senior Citizen Centers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-20 Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-21 Museums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-21 Medical and Emergency Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-21 Public Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-21 Synopsis ...................................................... J-22 Housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-22 Housing Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-22 Future Housing Needs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-23 Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-25 Economic Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-26 Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-28 Future Land Use Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-29 Planning Information, Coordination and Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-32 IMPLEMENTATION ....................................................... K-1 - K-32 Growth Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K-1 Implementation Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K-3 I I I I I I I •I • �UST OF TABLES TABLE 1 ANNUAL EROSION - 1982 MIDLAND COUNTY ...................................... C-7 2 COMPARISON OF FARMS IN MICHIGAN AND MIDLAND COUNTY ....................... C-9 3 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION SITES LEGEND ................................ C-15 4 HISTORIC SITES IN MIDLAND COUNTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-20 5 POPULATION BY JURISDICTION - MIDLAND COUNTY ................................ 0-2 6 POPULATION BY AGE AND SEX - 1980-1990 ....................................... D-3 7 AGE/SEX DISTRIBUTION BY JURISDICTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-4 8 POPULATION PROJECTIONS - MIDLAND COUNTY .................................. 0-7 9 POPULATION DISTRIBUTION BY JURISDICTION .................................... D-8 10 POPULATION PROJECTIONS BY AGE .. ... ............ ..... ...................... D-9 11 POPULATION PROJECTIONS BY AGE {MALES) ...................... . ............. D-10 12 POPULATION PROJECTIONS BY AGE {FEMALES) ................................. . D-11 13 PROJECTED CHANGES IN AGE DISTRIBUTION: 1990-2015 ........................... D-12 14 POPULATION PROJECTIONS BY RACE - MIDLAND COUNTY .......................... 0-13 15 PERSONS PER HOUSEHOLD: 1990 AND 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-14 16 HOUSEHOLD PROJECTIONS BY JURISDICTIONS - MIDLAND COUNTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-15 17 LOANS ISSUED ON YEARLY BASIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-17 18 MUNICIPAL LOANS ..... . .................. .............. . ..... ............. D-18 19 HOUSING QUALITY BY MUNICIPALITY .......................................... D-19 20 HOUSING AGE BY PERCENT OF TOTAL HOUSING ................................. D-21 21 HOUSING QUALITY BY JURISDICTION: 1978-1979 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-25 22 FACTORS DETERMINING HOUSING QUALITY ..................................... D-26 23 TYPES OF HOUSING IN MIDLAND COUNTY: 1990 .................................. 0-27 24 LABOR FORCE CHARACTERISTICS - MIDLAND COUNTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-28 25 EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY-HISTORICAL PERCENT OF TOTAL EMPLOYMENT ........... 0-29 26 EMPLOYMENT BY OCCUPATIONS - 1990 - MIDLAND COUNTY ........................ D-29 27 1990 ESTIMATED INCOME BY JURISDICTION ..................................... D-30 28 BUILDING PERMITS AND CONSTRUCTION IN MIDLAND COUNTY: 1980-1990 ............. 0-32 29 EMPLOYMENT PROJECTIONS - MIDLAND COUNTY ................................ 0-33 30 MIDLAND COUNTY INDUSTRIAL AND RESEARCH PARKS ............................ 0-36 31 MIDLAND COUNTY PER CAPITA AND MEAN HOUSEHOLD INCOME PROJECTIONS ........ 0-42 32 SUMMARY OF CRITERIA FOR PROJECT SELECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-2 33 STATUS OF COUNTY, MUNICIPAL AND TOWNSHIP MASTER PLANS: NOVEMBER 1992 ..... E-12 34 CLOSED DUMPS IN MIDLAND COUNTY .......................................... G-7 35 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LONG-RANGE OBJECTIVES ............................ G-9 36 COUNTY OWNED AND/OR ADMINISTERED PARKS ................................. G-10 37 TOWNSHIP/VILLAGE/CITY OWNED AND/OR ADMINISTERED PARKS ..... .............. G-13 38 COUNTY RECREATIONAL ACREAGE NEEDS ...................................... G-14 39 COUNTY RESIDENTS' RECREATIONAL NEEDS .................................... G-15 40 NUMBER OF SCHOOL AGE RESIDENTS IN MIDLAND COUNTY: 1980-1990 ............... G-29 41 STUDENT COUNTS IN MIDLAND COUNTY SCHOOL DISTRICTS ....................... G-30 42 PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-36 43 FIRE DEPARTMENT STATUS .................................................. G-47 44 COMMUNITY FACILITIES, MIDLAND COUNTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-50 45 EXISTING LAND USE {ACRES) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-3 �46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 RESIDENTIAL ACREAGE REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-5 COMMERCIAL ACREAGE REQUIREMENTS (PER CAPITA) BASED ON POPULATION GROWTH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-8 COMMERCIAL ACREAGE REQUIREMENTS - BASED ON RETAIL AND SERVICE SALES . . . . . . . J-8 INDUSTRIAL ACREAGE REQUIREMENTS PER CAPITA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-11 PROJECTED HOUSING NEEDS BY JURISDICTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-24 ACREAGE OF PLANNED LAND USES .............................................. . GROWTH MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K-2 SURVEY OF CITY, TOWNSHIP AND VILLAGE ZONING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K-4 MPLEMENTATION PROGRAM .................................................. K-5 UST OF MAPS MAP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 TOPOGRAPHY AND FLOODPLAINS .............................................. C-2 DRAINAGE BASINS .......................................................... C-3 SOIL SUITABILITY ........................................................... C-5 IMPORTANT FARMLANDS .................................................... C-10 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION SITES ....................................... C-17 HISTORIC SITES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-24 INDUSTRIAL AND RESEARCH PARKS ..................................... . ..... 0-37 COMPOSITE FUTURE LAND USE .............................................. E-15 STREET AND HIGHWAY FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-4 UTILITY SERVICE AREA ............................................. . .... . .... G-4 SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL SITES ................................................ G-8 PARKS/RECREATION AREAS ................................................. G-11 PUBLIC SCHOOL DISTRICTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-35 COMMUNITY FACILITIES ............ . ........................................ G-51 EXISTING LAND USE ......................................................... J-2 NATURAL FEATURES ....................................................... J-15 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-34 UST OF FIGURES FIGURE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 WIND SPEED - MIDLAND COUNTY 1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-19 CHANGES IN POPULATION: 1980-1990 ........................................... 0-3 POPULATION PROJECTIONS: 1990-2015 ................................ . ......... D-6 HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE: 1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-16 TYPES OF HOUSING: 1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-20 MEDIAN VALUE OF OWNER-OCCUPIED HOUSING UNITS: 1990 .................. . .... D-23 VALUE OF OWNER-OCCUPIED UNITS: 1990 ...................................... 0-23 MEDIAN RENT: 1990 ......................... . .............................. D-24 TENURE OF OCCUPIED HOUSING UNITS: 1990 ................................... D-24 MIDLAND COUNTY PER CAPITA INCOME PROJECTIONS AND MEAN HOUSEHOLD INCOME PROJECTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-43 MUNICIPALITIES ........................................................... G-17 1990-1991 STUDENT COUNTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-28 1990-91 TEACHER COUNTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-28 I I I I I I I I I I I I II •I ~ �Introduction �INTRODUCTION programs for proposals. This Comprehensive Plan update is a culmination of several analyses and assessments of the County's physical, social, economic, and environmental needs and problems. Data collection and analysis were started in April 1991. In order to properly address the County's needs and problems, seven planning elements, or special areas of consideration, were identified to make up the Comprehensive Plan. These planning elements include: Transportation, Housing, Community Facilities, Land Use, Economic Development, Environmental Management, and Planning Coordination and Implementation. The Comprehensive Plan addresses the whole fabric of community development in the County rather than one particular aspect. The purpose of the Comprehensive Plan is broad in scope. implementing plan 4. To coordinate urban and rural development in the County based on significant natural features, countywide goals and policies, needs and priorities, projections and planned utilities, community facilities and thoroughfares. 5. To address and establish unified growth management techniques within the County that will ensure the timely and efficient use of public resources to accommodate new development. 6. To promote resource conservation and development through an informed identification of the County's natural resources and the optimum use and protection of those resources. Plan Purpose In addition to these, the Comprehensive Plan also serves to facilitate the following: The Comprehensive Plan for Midland County is authorized by the County Planning Act (Public Act 282 of 1945, as amended). The broad purposes of the Comprehensive Plan are: 1. To address the long-term physical, social and economic developmental needs of the County. 1. The Plan provides a planning context within which local units of government may operate. It is the intent of this Plan to provide for the coordination of development within the various townships, cities and village in the County. 2. To address the long-term environmental and preservation issues facing the County. 2. 3. To address both short-term and long-term solutions and action A-1 The Plan provides an informational base from which other plans may draw. This allows any agency or unit of government to use this information to evaluate their own planning efforts. �I recommended policy issues include the following: 3. To remove as much uncertainty as possible from the development process within Midland County and thereby facilitate optimum locational decisions on the part of all community sectors (developers, businesses, industries), as well as the respective local governments. Land Use Planning Policies 4. The Plan considers the cumulative impact of local, regional and state plans existing at the completion of the Plan. This information should be valuable to each agency or unit of government in their individual planning efforts by providing a means by which land use, facility and other needs might be evaluated. 5. The Plan acts as a framework for discussion and resolution of specific issues, such as economic development, site selection and utility planning. While the Plan will not, in and of itself, provide specific solutions, it will provide at least some of the information required to reach a decision. 6. The Plan offers continuity in terms of direction of Midland County's future growth through successive County administrations. 1. Identifying areas potentially unsuitable for on-site wastewater disposal. 2. Implementing regulations prepared for governing floodplain development. 3. Identifying, protecting and preserving prime agricultural lands. 4. Improving erosion control practices throughout the County as a means of curbing soil loss. 5. Achieving a coordinated and efficient set of regulatory and administrative processes throughout the County related to the splitting of lots, access to land parcels, and control of subdivision design and development. 6. Ensuring an environmentally safe, small watershed and drainage basin system within the County. 7. Encouraging the formulation and adoption of minimum uniform standards and regulations throughout the County, governing land use and community development. Recommendations This Comprehensive Plan recommends several different types of special, or functional, plans, studies, and policies that should be prepared and implemented to complement the overall thrust of comprehensive planning in the County. These plans and policies correspond to the numbered policy issues in Section I, Goals, Policies and Strategies. The 8. A-2 Encouraging local communities to consider as part of their planning process, the scenic and recreational value of the County's major water features. -I I I I I I I I I I I • • �17. Preserving and protecting personal safety, while maximizing access to property, and providing for the needs of through traffic. Community Facilities Planning Policies 9. Developing a management system capable of coordinating both County and local service delivery, to achieve optimum efficiency in providing quality services. 18. Preparing an area-wide comprehensive transportation plan and capital improvements program. 1o. Implementing an efficient, costeffective, waste management system capable of meeting the diverse needs of Midland County. 19. Preparing a comprehensive plan and capital improvements program directed at bicycle and pedestrian trafficways. 11. Providing a coordinated program of water distribution and sanitary sewerage planning. Economic Development Planning Policies 12. Encouraging cooperative/coordinated efforts between various school systems in Midland County. 20. Promoting commercial and industrial development in areas meeting necessary site criteria. 13. Providing for a mechanism for a coordinated, efficient program for spending public resources. 21. Encouraging the stabilization of the County's farm economy. 22. Determining the future labor force needs of Midland County residents. 14. Ensuring an equitable provision of social services within the County. Environmental Management Planning Policies Housing Planning Policies 15. Encouraging a county-wide housing mix which provides housing opportunities to accommodate all economic levels of income and lifestyles, and creating a nonprofit corporation to administer a housing trust fund. 23. Regulating development in nonsewered locations in order to protect groundwater resources. Transportation Planning Policies 24. Providing an adequate and accurate system capable of measuring and interpreting local ambient atmospheric emissions/conditions resulting from industrial processes. 16. Developing improved north-south vehicular routes within and through Midland County. 25. Protecting local groundwater supplies/aquifers from contamination. A-3 �26. Establishing a comprehensive county-wide plan to define and address existing and potential air, surface water, groundwater, soil, noise and visual pollution. functional plans, in addition to the Street and Highway Functional Classification System (Map No. 9) and Comprehensive Land Use Plan (Map No. 17), include the, following: Planning Coordination Policies 1. Water Distribution Sewerage Plan 27. Encouraging local units of government to develop and/or update comprehensive plans in coordination with the County Comprehensive Plan. 28. Promoting coordination and consistency among local governmental units through leadership of the County Planning Commission. and Sanitary 2. County Financial Management Plan 3. Social Services Delivery .System Plan 4. County Housing Plan 5. Area-wide Comprehensive portation Plan Trans- 29. Encouraging local communities to prepare and maintain those documents necessary to properly guide growth and development. 6. Bicycle and Pedestrian Trafficways Plan 30. Establishing a geographic information system at the County level. Studies 7. Environmental Management Plan 31. Providing financial and professional staff support to strengthen County planning efforts. In addition, special studies are recommended to be undertaken, taking into consideration the population growth patterns in the County. These special studies include the following: 32. Providing the establishment of a mechanism for requiring intergovernmental coordination of planning within the County. 1. Adequacy of fire fighting facilities in the expected growth areas. 2. Expansion and funding of police protection in the growth areas. 33. Identifying or providing for an organizational structure(s) within the County that will be able to implement, or at least promote, the proposals identified in the County Comprehensive Plan. 3. Siting of a senior citizens center in the south-central area of the County. 4. Siting of an ambulance station on M-20 in the southwest section of the County. Plans Implementation of these policies should result in the formulation of other recommended county-wide plans. These A-4 I I I I I I I I I I I I I • • • ~ ~ I �Historical Setting �HISTORICAL SETTING site of Sanford. By that time settlers had begun arriving, at the urging of Dr. Daniel Fitzhugh, a New York investor who had bought 700 acres at the current site of .the City of Midland. Prior to 1837, when permanent settlers first began to live in Midland County, the area was a center for Indian travel. From the mid-1 SOOs to the early 1800s the Chippewa, Ottawa and Potawatomi Indians hunted and fished in the County. In 1819 the Federal government established the Chippewa Indian Reservation at Little Forks, now commonly referred to as the Tridge area. From 1850, when Midland County was first organized, the logging industry dominated the area. But the massive clearing of stands of trees soon exhausted the lumber operations and by 1890 the City of Midland was threatened by extinction. However, in that year, Herbert Henry Dow, an engineer from Ohio, began capturing bromine from local salt wells, which were first sunk in 1878 by lumbermen. The Tittabawassee and Chippewa rivers, which join in what is now the City of Midland, were major "highways" through the dense woods which dominated the area. In fact, a large number of archaeological sites have been identified along these rivers. The Oxbow Archaeological District is listed in the National Register of Historic Places and the Little Forks Archaeological District has been determined to be eligible for listing. These districts are southwest of Midland. The State Archaeologist of the Michigan History Division of the Michigan Department of State has indicated that "Archaeologists have not yet surveyed most of these rivers, but wherever they have looked, they have found prehistoric sites." (Letter from John R. Halsey, March 24, 1983). From that beginning the Dow Chemical Company, based still in the City of Midland, has expanded and now dominates the economy of the County. Accordingly the development of modern Midland County is concentrated in the areas adjacent to Midland. Part of Midland County's heritage is highlighted in the Historic Sites Table 4, in the Physical Profile section. This table indicates those sites/buildings of significance to the history of Midland County. Additional information was collected in a systematic reconnaissance level survey of historic buildings and presented in the East Central Historic and Architectural Resources Survey, Phase Ill, Final Report (1979). In 1837 the first State Geologist, Douglas Houghton, at the direction of the State Legislature, began searching for salt, which was then being imported from New York. The first discovery was made at the mouth of Salt Creek, near the current B-1 �-I Information on historic sites is far from complete. Local officials and project developers are advised to discuss their plans and projects with historians if they suspect any negative influences on historic sites or buildings. The historical organizations that should be contacted are: Bureau of History of the Michigan Department of State; Midland County Historical Society; and Midland Historic District Commission. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I B-2 • • • �Physical Profile �II II II II II • • • • • PHYSICAL PROFILE The physical make-up of Midland County helped shape its history and will continue to influence its direction in the future. The rivers, forests and farmlands are important assets to the economic vitality and quality of life in Midland County. This section examines the importance of those physical features and the impacts of sensitive environmental surroundings. Community awareness and understanding of these conditions will help maintain the quality of life for future generations. Topography Geophysical Features Floodplains As noted above, the County has a flat profile with topographic changes of about 100 feet from one side of the County to the other. The topographic profile indicates a shallow valley generally following the Tittabawassee River. The land generally rises from that basin out to the edges of the County. The Topography and Floodplains map illustrates the lack of relief in the County (Map 1). Geology The geologic history of Midland County, as in the rest of Michigan, is dominated by the influence of glacial action, and of ancient seas. Rock formations of gypsum, dolomite (a limestone or marble rich in magnesium carbonate), sandstone, limestone and shale to a depth of 450 feet are covered with a variety of glacial deposits, called drift. The only identified floodplain, as acknowledged by the Federal Emergency Management Agency, is in the City of Midland. Studied in detail was the Tittabawassee River, Chippewa River, Sturgeon Creek, Inman Drain and Snake Creek. The area involved lies around the confluence of the Tittabawassee and Chippewa rivers on the southwest side of Midland. This floodplain area, as well as flood-prone areas are noted on the Topography and Floodplains map. When the last continental glacier receded, Lake Saginaw, a shallow pondlike lake covered the entire County. It is the combination of glacial drift deposited in low areas and wave action from the lake which accounts for the sand ridges (former beaches) and the lack of topographic relief in the County. Drainage from this area to Lake Huron and Saginaw Bay accounts for the rivers and their tributaries. According to gauges placed on each of these rivers, the highest recorded water flows were in 1916, 1948 and 1986. While the water flows in 1916 and 1948 equate to just under the predicted 50year flood level for the Tittabawassee River, water flow in 1986 exceeded the 1OD-year flood level. The 1DO-year floodplain is the measure used to gauge flood risk. The definition of the 100-year flood is that flood level which has a one percent chance of being reached in any given year. Flood-prone C-1 �I GLADWIN I >z :::, 1- 0 0 I I I I I I I I TOPOGRAPHY AND FLOODPLAINS MIDI.A·ND COUNlY, MICHIGAN ,-- 0 z LEGEND c1o,' 40-FOOT CONTOUR ELEVATIONS 100-YEAR FLOODPLAIN AREA I~ ' 1- __ L_ _:..:_ _. I'-• ..... •1 I I I I I 100-YEAR FLOOD-PRONE AREA >z:::, 1- 0 0 I I SOURCES FLOOD INSURANCE STUDY 1984 FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY 0 ,. ,, J 62 50 12500 25000 37500 Gove .i \.ssociates Knco 1601 Portage Street Kalamazoo, Micliisan ◄ 9001 r ') �I d ' GLADWIN ·---,..---- I· I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ci IC .l >- I- z DRAINAGE BASINS C'\J 0 :z ::, 0 0 ' 1-----J-~-+--+-.--~~t='-iif7fr\i~HH-flrfff"+N-I MIDLA'-~D COUNTY, MICHIGAN a.. ~ LEGEND I .r ··· I~~--,-_-=-~~-+ ...-. - - - - DRAINAGE £if . ' BOUNDARY ,/ / >z::, I- 0 (.) ___ ..__I __ t.:) 2 .II ~ 'J ~ _j _j w u V1 ......J KEN 'j; ... ......J 'i ,I GRATIOT ;:: a:: w SOURCE: MIDLAND COUNTY ~ z <3 c:i a: ..J 'j; ci a: IO I cf/d a:: ,.. ,,. .....J ci - 5 3: u RO. d .·· a:: . ► ~ "'a:0"' LL t-:---+----r----:'t------ - ,._ g I RO. ~ 1----+-.,.,.;.'-+--~"f.WW~~ I I IC -- -I'..._ - - ~ I -·. I ~.a._,~- ' r--..1 ---' c:i a: a: a: 0 ~ (/) ~ 0 6250 12500 25000 37500 CD w IC J: u ci a:: w ..J 'j; ,.._ "' SAGINAW Gove Associates Inco 1601 Portage Street K&l&mu:oo, Micbig&n -119001 C-3 �• • • • Wetlands areas are those subject to the same flooding potential but are not defined precisely as to flood levels . Regulation of wetland areas is through the Michigan Department of Natural Resources. Wetland resources are important in recharging groundwater and filtering surface waters by trapping impurities. They also serve as wildlife habitats. Determination of wetlands is accomplished through the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) on a site-by-site basis. The Existing Land Use map, which is on file at the Midland County Department of Planning, indicates the areas designated by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources as being a type of wetland. These areas comprise approximately 3.6 percent of the total County land area. The Kawkawlin Wildlife Flooding and Refuge Area in Mills Township is one of the County's largest wetlands. Water Features The most significant water features in the County are the Tittabawassee, Chippewa, Pine and Salt rivers and Sanford and Wixom lakes. The principal value of these water features . is for scenic and recreational use, with some agricultural and industrial applications. There are seven dams in the County: Dow Chemical Company's dam on the Tittabawassee River, Wolverine Power Corporation's dams at Sanford and Wixom lakes, the Kawkawlin Flooding and Robert Dulude dams in Mills Township and the Gregor and Marcus dams in Jerome Township. The Tittabawassee River -is a noted sports fisheries resource possessing a sizeable walleye population. Soils In the history of the County the rivers were especially important transportation routes, creating a number of significant historic areas. Indians and early settlers relied heavily on these routes, as did logging activities in l~ter years. The latest available soils information is from the report entitled Soil Survey of Midland County, completed in 1979 by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Soil Conservation Service. Included in this report is a generalized description of various soil types and restrictions. To make this information useful, various soil types and slope conditions have been consolidated into a developmental context. The report entitled Midland County River Corridor Study identifies the historic, natural and recreational attributes of the river corridors. Other plans and activities are under development to take advantage of the scenic and recreational value of the rivers. Three development classifications have been used and are mapped under the title "Soil Suitability." This term has been used to emphasize the importance of soil content and structure in determining the ability of the soil to absorb development without wholesale replacement. A generalized indication of such areas is shown on Map 3, the Soil Suitability map. Sanford and Wixom lakes have significant recreational use as well as substantial residential development on their peripheries. C-4 �,, ' --.1-t---+- - - -._ - - I C') SOIL SUITABILl1Y >f- z 0 ::, ' 0 0 ~9::aM----t-~-i~f-y;w~pt.~i._+--+-~~r-~--~--- z MIDLAND COUN1Y, MICHIGAN 1 LEGEND - CLASS A - SLIGHT DEVELOPMENT LIMITATIONS CJ CLASS B - RESTRICTIVE DEVELOPMENT LIMITATIONS CLASS C - SIGNIFICANT DEVELOPMENT LIMITATIONS - >z ::, NON - EVALUATED URBAN MEAS f- >Iz ::, 0 0 0 0 SOURCE MIDLAND COUNTY ci a: ~~ .... d I: (/) 0 ... ~ r-----t-----i,:-""-;----;---,..........+--""'~ 6250 12500 25000 37500 I (fJ. g! ~ -i! d .... ,.I GRATIOT .... I: SAGINAW Gove Associates Inco 1601 Portage Street Kalamaz:oo, ~lichigan ◄ 9001 C-5 �• to various forms of erosion (Table 1). The majority of this loss (265,500 tons) is related to cropland. The Soil Conservation Service has identified a significant soil erosion problem in Porter Township in the south half of Sections 31, 32 and 33, all of 34 and 35 and all but the northeast quarter of Section 36. Class A - Slight Development Limitations: Few areas of the County are totally free of any development limitations. This is due primarily to the high water table and poor drainage characteristics found in much of the County. Class A defines those areas where soil types and conditions present only slight limitations on building and site development. Wind erosion is the most significant source of erosion causing an estimated soil loss of from 6. 7 to 15.5 tons per acre per year in this area of Porter Township alone. This is caused by the lack of protection measures in existence and the sandy soil conditions prevalent in this location. Class B - Restrictive Development Limitations: The Class B areas define soil types and conditions that present development limitations that require treatment. This may include areas of topographic relief, poor drainage, high water tables or other factors that may require corrective measures. The Soil Conservation Service has identified some soil conservation practices that could reduce soil loss. These practices include: conservation cropping system, conservation tillage system, cover and green manure crop, crop residue use, field borders and planting of field windbreaks. Class C - Significant Development Limitations: These ,.areas include muck soils, severe slopes or other conditions that may require s·ubstantial treatment, such as deep soil base replacement or extensive earthwork. The environmental impact of development in these areas may also be substantial. Although other areas of soil erosion exist in the County, the Soil Conservation Service is concentrating effort in Porter Township. As other areas are identified, further contact and work in selected areas will be accomplished. As a preventative measure, the Midland County Road Commission administers the Soil Erosion and Sedimentation Control Act on behalf of the County. Nonevaluated Urban Areas: The cities of Midland and Coleman and the Village of Sanford contain substantial areas of urban type soils. 'These are soils that have, over time, been disturbed or replaced to the extent that detailed evaluation and mapping is not possible. Soil Erosion A significant problem in any community where agriculture forms a significant element of the economy is soil erosion. Every ten years the Soil Conservation Service publishes a report that details soil loss in Midland County. According to this report, Midland County experiences a soil loss of 271,800 tons annually due C-6 �TABLE 1 ANNUAL EROSION - 1982 MIDLAND COUNTY Wind Sheet/Rill Cropland TOTAL Pastureland Wind Sheet/Rill TOTAL Forestland Wind Sheet/Rill TOTAL Wind Sheet/Rill Other TOTAL SOURCE: 196,900 68,600 2,400 800 265,500 3,200 0 200 0 0 200 0 0 700 0 0 700 0 3,100 2,800 200 200 5,900 400 Soil Conservation Service; 1982 Resource Inventory Midland County Farmlands Farmland at 72,01 O acres, Unique Farmland at 61 acres, and Additional Farmland of Local Importance at 24,926 acres. Prime and Unique Farmlands are described as follows: Farming in Midland County is a significant part of the economy of the area. The 1987 Census of Agriculture indicates that there were 459 farms in operation at that time. The average farm size was 206 acres with a total of 94,465 acres in production; this equates to 28.1 percent of the total County land area. Current Soil Conservation Service (SCS) estimates indicate a total of 96,997 farmland acres. These have been divided into three classifications: Prime Prime Farmlands Prime farmland is land that has the best combination of physical and chemical characteristics for producing food, feed, forage, fiber and oil seed crops, and is also available for these uses. The land could be cropland, pastureland, C-7 �1982 but decreased 7.8% to $33,394 in 1987. During that five-year period the average per-farm market value of agricultural products in the State increased by 12.7 percent - from $44, 123 in 1982 to $49,736 in 1987. rangeland, forestland, other land, but not urban built-up land or water. It has the soil quality, growing season, and moisture supply needed to economically produce sustained high yields of crops when treated and managed, including water management, according to acceptable farming methods. In general, prime farmlands have an adequate and dependable water supply from precipitation or irri_ gation, a favorable temperature and growing season, acceptable acidity or alkalinity, acceptable salt and sodium content, and few or no rocks. They are permeable to water and air. Prime farmlands are not excessively erodible or saturated with water for a long period of time, and they either do not flood frequently or are protected from flooding. Table 2 conveys the changes that have occurred between 1982 and 1987 in both Midland County and Michigan as a whole. The number of farms in Midland County decreased at a slower rate than in the State. Land devoted to agriculture in Midland County increased by 1.2 percent but decreased by 5.7 percent state-wide. The average farm size in Midland County increased slightly more than the farms in Michigan as a whole. The most extreme difference is in the average per-farm market value of agricultural products sold as noted above. Unique Farmlands . Unique farmland is land other than prime farmland that is used for the production of specific high value food and fiber crops. It has the special combination of soil quality, location, growing season, and moisture supply needed to economically produce sustained high quality and high yields of a specific crop when treated and managed according to acceptable farming methods. Examples of such crops are specialized fruits and vegetables. The last two Agricultural Census', completed in 1982 and 1987, indicated a trend of larger farms in the County, which is the same trend that is occurring nationally. At the same time these farming operations in the County are becoming less productive. The average per-farm market value of Midland County agricultural products sold was $36,233 in C-8 �TABLE 2 COMPARISON OF FARMS IN MICHIGAN AND MIDLAND COUNTY Number of Farms 58,661 51, 172 -12.8 502 459 -8.6 Land Devoted to Agriculture (Acres) 10,942,172 10,316,861 -5. 7 93,299 94,465 1.2 187 202 8.0 186 206 10.8 44, 123 49,736 12. 7 36,223 33,394 -7.8 Average Farm Size (Acres Average Per-Farm Value of Products Sold ($) SOURCE: 1987 Census of Agriculture The Census divided the type of activity conducted on farms into two categories: crops and livestock, poultry and related products. Farms with crop production numbered 318; livestock farms numbered 236. suitable, in terms of soil qualities, drainage, topography and related factors for agriculture use. Farmland Preservation The State of Michigan has instituted programs for the preservation of existing agricultural land. One of the most significant programs available is Public Act 116 of 1974, the Farmland and Open Space Preservation Act. This program allows communities to designate parcels of land as either agricultural or open space and commits the property owners to a ten-year period when no development can take place. In turn the property owner receives a tax credit Of the 459 farms in production in 1987, 282 were owner-operated, 150 were part owners and 27 were farming tenants. Farming was the principal occupation of 177 operators, or 38.6 percent of all operators. The remainder had some other occupation upon which they depended for their livelihood. The Important Farmlands map (Map 4) indicates those areas which are most C-9 �'J • •• • • • • • • • "Ii • • • >- 1- z IMPORTANT FARMLANDS ::) 0 u MIDLA.ND COUNTY, MICHIGAN , -=-·x LEGEND "-~ I ·· ... ---4--..,J,.,. UNCOLN I I . -- .~--;,,,.-~ -~ .. ~ •• IMPORT ANT FARMLANDS ( defined as PA 116 land• and by SCS classifications) I I I ~- J___ i___ l__:.:_ _._ _, ,.......... -7'CMal.""1· ·······1 I '··• -V''-/'-..L o I >z ::) ,' I I 10 u >z 1::) 0 u 3: SOURCE MIDLAND COUNTY <( z <3 <( <.n 0 6250 12500 25000 37500 Gove Associates Inco 1601 Portage Street Kalama~oo, Mic1.i1an ◄ 9001 C-10 �statistics, about one-half of Michigan's residents, or about 4.5 million people, depend on groundwater as their sole source of drinking water. In Midland County nearly all of the area outside the City of Midland and Water District No. 1 depend on groundwater for domestic and business use. Protection of that groundwater, therefore, is a significant county-wide concern. The City of Midland and Midland County Water District No. 1 are supplied with water from Saginaw Bay (White Stone Point) with treatment of the water at the Midland City water treatment plant. based on income and is exempt from special assessments such as public water or sewer line construction assessments. Midland County makes extensive use of Act 116 as a preservation tool. Significant areas of land, amounting to approximately 44 percent of total farmlands have been designated under this program for preservation. The majority of the P.A. 116 lands are found in the southern one-third of the County. Forest Resources Midland County has 159,988 acres of forested lands. This represents 47.1 percent of the County's total land area. Major tree species include: A number of potential activities could contribute to groundwater problems in the County. 1. Brine - There are significant underground brine or salt deposits in the County which are adjacent to groundwater sources. Northern Hardwood 18,484 Acres Aspen and Birch 17,033 Acres Lowland Hardwoods 36, 165 Acres Aspen Predominates 85,314 Acres Pine 2,903 Acres Lowland Conifers 12 Acres Managed Christmas Trees 77 Acres 2. Brine Wells - As of 1986 all Dow Chemical Company brine well activity ceased operations. By the end of 1988 all of the 119 wells were sealed. The wells were sealed by pulling the pipe and completely filling the well with concrete. The sealed well sites are constantly being cleaned up brine that could have spilled during operation of the wells is captured in drain tiles and treated in the water treatment facilities at Dow. Commercial forestry is limited in the County, with slightly less than 500 acres enrolled in the State Commercial Forest Preservation Program. To protect forested lands, however, the County is currently administering a gypsy moth suppression program. This program will be continued with funding coming from a special millage (0.3 mills). 3. Oil Wells - Although actual drilling operations are generally well protected from accidental groundwater contamination, the pumping and transporting of oil may create the opportunity for spillage and seepage into groundwater supplies. Environmental Quality Water Quality Groundwater: According to Michigan Department of Natural Resources C-11 �8. Storage Tanks Leaking underground storage tanks can pose a potential threat to the area's groundwater if the leaks are not detected or any contaminated area is not rectified. While most owners or operators of Underground Storage Tanks (USTs) want to rectify any problems created by leaking tanks, financing such a project is often substantial. The Michigan Underground Storage Tank Financial Assistance Act (MUSTFAA) (Act 518, P.A. of 1988) can assist owners of leaking tanks. The program was implemented for the following reasons: 4. Landfills - Testing of wells is necessary to ensure that protection measures constructed at the landfill site are intact. 5. Land Use - Some land uses, such as junkyards, gas stations and closed dumps may be potential contamination sites. Midland County also has a number of major chemical and petroleum facilities that, while adequately protected, are potential problem areas. 6. Septic Systems - The general lack of sewer service outside the cities of Midland and Coleman require reliance upon alternate sewage disposal service, principally septic tanks and fields. a. To assist owners/ operators in meeting their financial responsibility requirements. One other significant aspect of this problem is the Midland Urban Growth Area (MUGA) policy. It is implemented through the requirement that sewer service only be extended to those areas which are annexed to the City of Midland. However, it is apparent that significant pressure for new growth and development will be forthcoming in the townships adjacent to the City of Midland. At the same time some degree of resistance to annexation is evident. Therefore, without proper vigilance or control by the townships new commercial, residential and industrial growth could potentially take place without adequate long-term sewage disposal. b. To create funds to address problems with releases from underground storage tanks (USTs), such as gasoline or diesel fuel tanks. c. To promote compliance with certain regulations. MUSTFAA funds are available for cleanup of soils or groundwater associated with leaking underground storage tanks. Funds are also available as loans to assist owners/operators in upgrading their systems. Basically MUSTFAA will pay cleanup costs in excess of $10,000 if the owner/ operator meets certain basic requirements such as the following: 7. Agricultural Uses - Improper use of fertilizers and herbicides/pesticides could create groundwater problems affecting large areas. 1. Registers the tank. C-12 • • • •■ ■ ■ •■ I ■ •■ ■ • • •I �2. Notifies the Fire Marshall 30 days prior to removal of the UST. 11 percent of the test sites were improperly disposing of wastes. 3. Notifies the Fire Marshall within 24 hours of a confirmed release (call 1-800-MICH UST). Corrective measures were not undertaken directly but it was found that many residents were unaware of the problems they had created. In a number of instances problems had been caused by sewage systems constructed prior to the advent of modern public health regulations. Therefore these are nonconforming systems that should be eliminated over time. 4. Provides an abatement report within 20 days, and the necessary site reports within 45 days. 5. Proceeds with an approved MUSTFAA contractor. Potential activities which contribute to surface water pollution include: The Michigan Department of Natural Resources has available informational and educational publications relating to groundwater. They have also identified activities and programs which may be conducted by local governments in a brochure entitled Local Roles in Groundwater Protection Management. 1. Septic Systems - Homes adjacent to water bodies may inadvertently dispose of waste directly into the water. 2. Agricultural Uses - This is perhaps the greatest single source of water pollution. Increased use of fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides combined with a lack of water run-off control can contribute significant amounts of pollutants to drains, creeks or rivers. No significant contamination problems have been locally identified. The Midland County Health Department has groundwater sampling information available but not in a format which is easily recoverable or significant on a large area basis. • • • • 3. Land Uses - Various commercial and industrial uses in scattered locations may dispose of wastes in drains or creeks which act as tributaries to the rivers. Industrial wastes particularly need to be treated prior to disposal. Surface Water: Significant surface waters include the Pine, Chippewa, Salt and Tittabawassee rivers and Sanford and Wixom lakes. According to the Midland County Health Department, information on water quality is limited, with the exception of a study conducted on Sanford Lake from 1975 to 1978. Environmental Contamination Sites No significant County pollution problems have been locally identified. However, the Michigan Environmental Response Act, Act 307 of 1982, requires the identification, risk assessment and priority evaluation of environmental contamina- The Sanford Lake Study principally dealt with dye-testing of individual on-site residential sewage disposal systems. The results of this study found that about C-13 �Resources Department, while three are owned by Dow Chemical Company. The stations are portable and may be relocated based on need. They are used to measure traditional versus exotic pollutants. tion sites in the State. The Environmental Contamination Sites map gives the general location of these sites in Midland County (Map 5). The Environmental Contamination Sites map indicates all of the sites identified in Midland County. The legend (fable 3) for Map 5 gives the name of the site and the related data. Traditional pollutants include sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, ozone and lead. Exotic air pollutants refer to other forms/types of emIssIons lacking proscribed emission standards. Often the human impacts are not known. Within Midland County exotic pollutants are generally associated with new or experimental chemical processes. The Michigan Department of Natural Resources has indicated that an average of three air quality permits are issued weekly in Midland County for emissions of the exotic type. With regard to many of the brine spills, Dow Chemical Company is studying the spill sites and decontaminating them where necessary based on a consent agreement with the Michigan Department of Natural Resources. The sites are being cleaned by catching runoff and directing it to Dow's water treatment facilities. Dow Chemical Company's brine spill site investigation was completed in 1989; however, the time allowed for decontamination goes beyond 1989 in order to restore the sites to their previous use category. The following is from the Department of Natural Resources 1990 Air Quality report: Several other environmental contamination sites include chemical production manufacturing, landfills, oil drilling, a scrap metal yard, gas station, laundry, dry cleaner and gasoline transport spills. Sampling for suspended particulates in Midland County consists of one HI-VOL operated by the Air Quality Division, three by the Dow Chemical Company and two PM10 monitors operated by Dow Corning. The particulate filters from the AQD site are also analyzed to determine the presence of various trace metals. Air Quality Air quality within Midland County falls under the responsibility of the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Air Quality Division. Principle tasks handled by the Department include the issuance of air quality permits governing commercial and industrial processes and air quality monitoring. There are presently four mobile monitoring stations in the County. One is under the ownership and control of the Natural Both the AQD and Dow Chemical Company total suspended particulate sites recorded values below 150 ug/m3 during 1990. In the previous year, two of the industrial TSP sites recorded a value above 150 ug/m 3 • (A portion of the 1989 industrial TSP data was challenged due to questions regarding quality assurance. Even so, the recorded elevated values C-14 �TABLE 3 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION SITES LEGEND ..• ,,. ·-:•• Source of Contamination . Common Site Name* / Status** 1. Tittabawassee River Point of Release Dichlorobenzene PBCs DDT Chlordane Halogenated Biphen Surface Water Fauna Oil Drilling Pipeline Pit Brine Crude Oil Surface Water Groundwater Flora Unknown Unknown Benzene Toluene Xylene Bhylbenzene Groundwater Soil Residential Well Gas Station Underground Tank Gasoline Groundwater/Soil Unknown Unknown Toluene Groundwater Auto Repair Surface Drainage Tolunene Methylene Chloride Groundwater Soil Chem Product Mfg. Unknown Dioxins Soil Isabella Road EIR EIR 4. Mooney Oil Co . 5. Res Well Nine Mile Rd . ,;;, Resources ··0· · Affected Unknown No Actions Taken 3. Res Contam W. .Pollutant Chem Product Mfg. No Actions Taken 2. Porter Field :•:•:- -:--.· IR (S) EP 6. Mostly Mopars EP 7 . Dow Chemical Mid. Plant E (P) 8. Shepherd Rd . EP Unknown Unknown Ethyl benzene Xylene Groundwater 9. Res Contam Curtis Rd. EP Private Residence Underground Tank Gasoline Soil Brine use , disposal Unknown Brine Groundwater Residential Well Scrap metal yd . Pile / Barrel PNAs / Oil Soil 12. Dalton Pesticide Spill-Mid . IR (P) E (P) Chem. Transport Surface Spill 2, 4-D Groundwater /Soil 13. O'Conner's Marathon Gas Station Underground Tank MEK Gasoline Groundwater /Soil 14. Hubbard Mobile Home Service EP RA Gas Station Underground Tank Gasoline Groundwater/So il 15. Tridge Area Landfill Landfill Domestic Comm Surface Water /Soil 16. Dow Chem Brine Pipeline Spills E (P) FR (P) IR (P) Brine use, disposal Pipeline Brine Groundwater Surface Water Soil Flora 17. Forward Car Wash Gas Station Underground Tank Gasoline Groundwater /Soil Plastic Rubber Aboveground Tank Toluene Groundwater /Soil Gas Station Underground Tank Gasoline Soil Gas Station Underground Tank Benzene Groundwater /Soils 10. Res Well Bradford· Rd. E (P) 11 . Gordonville Rd. EP Gasoline IR (P) E (P) 18. Dow Corning EP EP IR (P) 19. Anderson Service Station IR (P) 20. Jefferson St. Tanks IR (P) EP Toluene Xylene C-15 �TABLE 3 - ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION SITES LEGEND· CONTINUED ·•:•• Common ·Site Name* / · :::: Status•• 21 . Central Michigan Petroleum ···••,· ·.;, ·.. Source of · :Contamination ·,:,:,:-:-:::.: }· \ Resources Affected Point of Releases . Pollutant Gas Station Underground Tank Benzene Toluene lsopentane Groundwater EP 22. D and G Laundromat EP Laundry dry cleaning Lagoon PCE Dichloroethane Bromodichlorometha Surface Water Groundwater 23. Warren Township Dump EP Dump Dump Domestic Comm Light Industrial Surface Water Groundwater 24. Rebel Station Midland EP Gas Station Aboveground Tank Underground Tank Gasoline Kerosene Soil Chemical Transport Underground Tank Xylene BTEX Dichlorobenzene Trichlorobenzene Soil Car Wash Underground Tank BTEX Groundwater /Soil Gas Station Underground Tank BTEX Groundwater /Soil Gas Station Underground Tank BTEX Lead Groundwater/Soil Plastic Rubber Surface drainage Benzene Groundwater/Soil Iron Steel Fdry. Pile Heavy Mfg. Soil Painting Barrel Underground Tank MEK Xylene Ethyl benzene Toluene Dichlorobenzene Soil Gas Station Underground Tank Gasoline Gas Station Underground Tank Gasoline Fuel Oil Soil 25. Transport Services IR (P) E (P) 26. Firehouse Auto Wash IR (P) E (P) IR (P) 27. BandeensfWilson Oil 28. Amoco Sta. Jerome St. IR (P) E (P) 29. Dow Corning Benzene IR (P) E (P) IR (P) 30. Midland Iron Works 31. Midland Painting IR (P) E (P) RA 32. Speedway Midland E (P) IR (P) 33. Mccreadie Sales/Service IR (P) 34. Dow Corning LUST IR (P) E (P) Plastic Rubber Underground Tank BTEX / Methanol Soil 35. Henry Oil Company IR (P) E (P) Fuel Oil Dealers Underground Tank Gasoline Soil Oil drilling Lagoon Geologic Chlorides Surface Water Groundwater Coin-op Laundry Underground Tank Fuel Oil Soil Landfill Landfill Pentachlorophenol Benzene Groundwater Coin-op Laundry Underground Tank Tetrachloroethylene / PCE Groundwater/Soil 36. Oil Field Area Andreason Res EP 37. Midland Co. Bldg. LUST IR (P) 38. Poseyville LF E IR 39. Midland County Bldg. PCE IR (P) EP *The common site name is for identification only and is not necessarily a party responsible for contamination **IR = Interim Response (alternate water, surface removal , site security and other partial remedies); E = Evaluation (Studies); FR = Final Response (final cleanups); RA = Regulatory Action (agency actions to initiate site work, e.g. negotiations, peliminary investigations); EP = Evaluation Pending (sites currently with insufficient priority for publicly-funded response); (P) = Privately-funded actions; (S) = State-funded actions; (F) = Federally-funded actions SOURCE: Michigan Sites of Environmental Contamination, March 1991 C-16 .. • • • •■ ■ • • • �GLADWIN • • • •I • • >z 1- cl a:: = t-~=~-~-:-!-r---81-___;,-+--il-+_ o I I I ' I :::J 0 0 --•i ---~-- • I I 0 t-'-'""'--+-.::"!rl-""~1--':..._--?'~~~-·~·~.-:- · t · --- , ' . ....... ··.. . ,, ..... __ ",,. LO 0 z ' -r--,---~1-7"~~1-+-:-~:T"-~~~.;......;-~·': I I -~·- _:·./f -~·,;_ ' -~· 1. ~~~;~►=;:1--111,1.A.,_,.....,,,.._.;;.--+---..;-~~ ... I ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION SITES MIDLAND COUNTY, MICHIGAN ' ~-+--j,lllll:aA.1-flol----1~~·~---·---r-• .......... ---1 . ' I ··-1 ---~--- ...~ I ··... !,\ ~ -+----.!...•.__ - . • J~-+-................... - - • - - ~ ,Jr-~----+--+-'--~ LJNCOlN I I~... .r--~ ; ... -i---,._.,.....ir;.=.....4 .\. I Ml RO. d '·· .. I " ·,J ._ ... ; ' LEGEND I I ,--:,_ ~ CD l CONT AMINA TED SITES ~~~c~· 1l . I ,/ / 4r-----...+:=-----;;;t-----+-'-=~'-+---d NOTES >z 1. LOCATIONS ARE GENERALIZED. SEE ACT 307 LIST FOR ACTUAL LOCATIONS. 2. SEE TABLE 3 FOR CONTAMINATION TYPES AND AFFECTED RESOURCES. 1- >z :::J 0 1- u :::J 0 u •ii 4 SOURCE : I ci a: MICHIGAN SITES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION PRIORITY LISTS ( APRIL, 1992 > ACT 307 OF 1962 ~ 2 (I) (I) 0 a:: u 3: <( (I) ... 'i: (I) d ~ a: .... >- ..J "' 'i: t----+~-+--~J.Wf-..........~ (I) 0 In "- "' (I) (I) ~ (/) TTTASAII SAGINAW GRATIOT (.'.) ci a: ~i z COUNTY ci a: /--._/ - .... ' &! ~ <( (/) 0 6250 12500 25000 37500 Gove Associates Inc. 1601 Portage Slre l: K.alamuoo, Michi&&b ◄ 9001 r.. 17 �• did exceed 150 ug/m 3 .) During 1988, the landfill location on Waldo Road logged two values above 260 ug/m3 which is the old primary health related standard and 5 values above 150 ug/m 3 • All sites met both primary and secondary particulate standards during 1987 and 1986. In 1985, as in 1984, one site recorded two excursions of the secondary 24-hour standard. However, in each case one of the excursions was due to meteorological conditions. frequently generated by Midland's chemical industry. _ There is little interaction between health related agencies and the public except at times of major emergencies. Little concern is expressed by the public over air quality. The Air Quality Division hopes to eventually monitor exotic pollutants, as well as alleviate (or monitor) the other concerns addressed. To do so requires additional State funding which is somewhat tenuous at this time. This lack of funding also accounts for the reduction of the number of air sampling facilities that has taken place over the past several years. Two PM 10 monitors began operation near the Dow Corning landfill during June of 1989. In 1990 both sites indicated compliance with applicable federal standards, as in the previous year. Two industrial nitrogen dioxide monitors began operation in July of 1988. Data generated thus far indicate compliance with the standards. Historic Sites Midland County is an area rich in history, both recent and prehistoric. Table 4 lists the sites that are listed in the National Register of Historic Places and/or Michigan's Register of Historic Places. Of the 20 sites listed in Table 4, 16 are listed in the National Register. The Dow House and Alden B. Dow Home and Studio are listed as National Historic Landmark properties. Of the 16 sites on the National Historic Register, 12 are related. These 12 historic sites were nominated in 1989 as "Residential Architecture of Alden 8. Dow in Midland, 1933-1938 Thematic Nomination." Another site listed on the National Register is the Midland County Courthouse, built in 1925. It is an example of rustic tudor design. The Oxbow Archeological District in the Chippewa Nature Center and the victorian style Bradley House built in The Wind Rose (Figure 1) is also taken from the 1991 Air Quality Report and shows the direction and velocity of wind in Midland County. Discussions. with Natural Resource Department staff revealed several areas of concern pursuant to air quality. These include: - Monitoring of exotic pollutants is either nonexistent or minimal at best. - Industrial processes existing prior to 1967 are not governed by air quality permits. Unfortunately, it appears Midland County h~s many of these. There is often a lack of knowledge concerning the potential health impacts of new processes that are C-18 �-1 I FIGURE 1 WIND SPEED - MIDLAND 1991 (26-111-0007) N NNE NNW NW ENE WNW w E I I I I I J I I WSW 15% SW SE SSE SSW s 1-3 '----...11 (}:::::::::::;::/:},<:f 1(?6~:t•.k~It!:jl 4-7 8-12 13-18 WINO SPEED - MPH C-19 - >19 ESE I t 1 I I I I l l �TABLE 4 HISTORIC SITES IN MIDLAND COUNTY - NATIONAL OR STATE REGISTRY :::. ..·. Date ····• Listed Registry 1038 W. Main St. Midland, Ml 05-11-76 National Register National Historic Landmark Property 1227 W. Sugnet Midland, Ml 12-04-89 National Register 1411 W. St. Andrews Midland, Ml 12-04-89 National Register 1505 W. St. Andrews 12-04-89 National Register 209 Revere St. Midland, Ml 12-04-89 National Register 1605 W. St. Andrews Midland, Ml 12-04-89 National Register 2407 Manor Midland, Ml 12-04-89 National Register 2705 Manor Midland, Ml 12-04-89 National Register 2913 Manor Midland, Ml 12-04-89 National Register 301 W. Main Midland, Michigan 03-13-86 05-21-85 National Register State Register Historic Marker Site Joseph A. Cavanagh House* 415W. Main Midland, Ml 12-04-89 National Register Oscar Diehl House• 919 E. Park Midland, Ml 12-04-89 National Register 06-19-73 09-29-72 National Register State Register .Address·, . . . Herbert H. Dow House Dr. Charles L MacCullum House* Howard Ball House• Sheldon B. Heath House• Earl Stein House• Alden Hanson House• John S. \Nhltman House• Dow House - - Donald Conner House• - F.W. Lewis House• - Midland County Courthouse - Oxbow Archeological District Chippewa Nature Center Site - ••·• Bradley House Corner of Cook Rd & Main St., Midland, Ml 07-31-72 04-23-71 National Register State Register George Greene House• 1115 W. Sugnet Midland, Mi 12-04-89 National Register Alden B. Dow House• 315 Post St. Midland, Ml 12-04-89 National Register National Historic Landmark Property John Kelly House 505 W. Main Midland, Ml 07-24-84 State Register Chemical Industry 700 Block of W. Main Midland, Ml 09-17-57 State Register James T. & Elsa Pardee House 812 W. Main Midland, Ml 03-19-87 State Register Currie Parkway over the 08-18-88 State Register 09-19-91 State Register Upper Bridge Homer Township Cemetery Currie Parkway Bridge Tittabawassee River 113 East Prairie Rd. Homer Township, Ml *Residential Architecture of Alden B. Dow in Midland, 1933-1938 Thematic Nomination SOURCE: Michigan Department of State; Bureau of History C-20 �Jesuit Priest Burial Site: Relics of a cross, chalice and robe were found at this burial site. 1874 and open to the public, are also listed on the Natural Historic Register. Sites that are listed on the State's Historic Register, but not the National Register include the John Kelly House built in the 1870s, a chemical industry site, the Pardee House and the Currie Parkway Bridge. Battle of the Oxbow: This was the site of a great battle between the Sauk and Chippewa Tribes. Indian Mission: This mission settlement served Indians in the area until the 1800s. Other sites that are of historic significance to the area, but are not on the National or State Register include: Family Cemetery: Sites in this cemetery date back to the 1800s. Prehistoric: The Little Forks Archaeological District, located southwest of the City of Midland, has been determined as being eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. Manitou Rock: This large stone had some religious significance to area Indians. Wayne Cemetery: On the high bank of the Pine River - this was a settlement during the logging era in the 1870s. Salt Spring: This spring attracted wildlife for salt and therefore was considered sacred by the local Indians. Irish Cemetery: This site contains graves dating back to 1877. Chippewa Village: This site along the Pine River was excavated and remains of human bones, tools and lodgings were found. Wright's Bridge: This was a post office settlement during the 1860s. Redstone Village: This was the location of an early post office settlement. First Salt Well: This is the location of the first salt well, discovered by Michigan's first State geologist in 1837. Herbert H. Dow Laboratory: Site of Dr. H.H. Dow's first successful electrolysis of brine to produce bromine. This is also the site of Even's Grist Mill, the building where Dr. Dow first began operations. Averill Rollway and Banking Ground: At one time this was the site of the largest riverbank log rollway in the world. Father Nouvel's Landing: In 1675, Father Henri Nouvel became the first white person to visit this area. Sanford Museum: Formerly an early 20th Century brick four-room school building. CCC Camp - Pine Haven: To create jobs for youth during the 1930s, a camp was constructed in what is now known as the Pine Haven Recreation Area. Fur Trading Post: This is the location of the first white settlement in the County. I C-21 I �• • travel to and from Saginaw, located on the Tittabawassee River at Main and Benson streets. Veterans Memorial Park: A County park developed in 1951 on land purchased by the County in 1923 from the State of Michigan. Originally the state property was intended for a state sanatorium . Coal Mine: Exploration site commercial extraction of coal. Midland Chicory Plant: A manufacturing plant located in Midland in 1910 near the intersection of Ellsworth Street and Bay City Road by the Franck Chicory Company, processing chicory root as an additive to coffee for taste and aroma enhancement. for Hope Township Hall: Built in 1881, the structure is Midland County's only standing original township meeting hall still in use as a township hall. Coleman Chicory Plant: Another chicory manufacturing plant was located in Coleman. In 1926 all chicory in the United States was grown in the Midland County area. First Oil Well: This is the site of the first oil well in the County, drilled in 1932. Camp 16: Camp 16 was an early logging camp located at the confluence of the Tittabawassee and Tobacco rivers in Edenville Township. The legend below lists the historic sites in Midland County shown on Map 6. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11 . 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. Red Keg Saloon: Located in what is now called Averill near the rollway and banking ground on the Tittabawassee River. Red Keg was the first name of the Averill hamlet. Grand Traverse (Mackinac) Trail: This trail is an ext~nsion of the Saginaw Trail from Detroit to Higgins Lake, where it branched into two trails; the Mackinac Trail extended to the Straits of Mackinac and the Grand Traverse Trail went to Traverse City. John Larkin Saw Mill: One of Midland's original saw mills. Indian Trails: Junction of three Indian trails: Grand Traverse (Mackinac), Pine River and Chippewa trails. Dock of the Belle Seymore: Midland's original dock for passenger and freight C-22 Oxbow Archaeological District Little Forks Archaeological Wayne Cemetery Irish Cemetery Wright's Bridge First Salt Well Averill Rollway and Banking Ground Jesuit Priest Burial Site Fur Trading Post Father Nouvel's Landing Bradley House Battle of the Oxbow Indian Mission Family Cemetery Manitou Rock Salt Spring Chippewa Village Redstone Village Herbert A. Dow Laboratory Sanford Museum Midland County Courthouse CCC Camp - Pine Haven Veterans Memorial Park Coal Mine �25. Hope Township Hall 26. First Oil Well 27. Camp 16 28. Red Keg Saloon 29. Grand Traverse (Mackinac) Trail 30. John Larkin Saw Mill 31. Indian Trails 32. Dock of the Belle Seymore 33. Midland Chicory Plant 34. Coleman Chi:cory Plant 35. John Kelly House 36. Herbert H. Dow House 37. Dr. Charles L. MacCullum House 38. Howard Ball House 39. Sheldon B. Heath House 40. Alden Hanson House 41. John S. Whitman House 42. Donald Conner House 43. F.W. Lewis House 44. Joseph A. Cavanagh House 45. Oscar Diehl House 46. George Greene House 47. Alden 8. Dow House 48. Chemical Industry 49. James T. and Elsa Pardee House 50. Upper -Bridge C-23 l.. �GLADWll' J -='.)Ul'HY ---r---,r - - - ~ - ci a: >- ci a: >- z ci a: (C HISTORIC SITES f- => 0 z 0 u :' I MIDLAND COUNTY, MICHIGAN a.. <( ~ ' I I I . l"'T-, ~~;:.t::.-;.:t~~........_nt-:'r-to;TT:-~- - -! ~~ r: 1--,.4:;,.~~~';-'~r-"'7""--:t~~T---,-r--~----- ' .·-_..,1 I ~j . .. . '. I <"<A u I I I l:J a: ::, • t; . r---,..,-....:=---.---_r~.~:T·~-:-r . -: : - , •. , ''I, ._.....__ _-+-......"-1---t-=-r-,-•-·-·-i-·--r-t--~ ·-1 -·---.it•-· LEGEND !_\ ~ ><( m e.3 7 HISTORIC \ SITE L HIGHWAY 20 4 ~ "l~V . ' SHEPHER z '.J <( _J _J w m <( 0 ...,..z a: u ' - r - - -; ~ - - , - - - - i- - ,. ii'· z ca: "' w V) u V) V) ... 0 ff. ci a: a: (/) ~ "" c:: a: lTTABAW .., ,.. ..J • C-: I 'i: ,._ U ITY REFER TO PAGE C-22. C-23 FOR SITE LISTINGS <( ci a: ,.. 0 .I ~ ~ z ci a: ::, - 3: (/l KEN GRAT IOT 1. l:J V) V) JASPeR .-···: ci a: w --===-::-- • - - ....... __ # NOTES ci a: '"==~;--~---L-- - ~- EN L .;R GED PL AN CI TY OF ~11D_~~~~ SAGINAW SEE ~D I COUNTY ,--... I - .... ' a: a: C c3 <( (/1 0 62 50 125 00 25000 37500 G({})we .f.~§§Ociates IID1c 1601 0 Portage Street Kalamazoo, Michiga.n "19001 C-24 �Socioeconomic Profile �SOCIOECONOMIC PROFILE changes that occurred between 1980 and 1990. This section describes the characteristics of Midland County's people, housing and economy. Past trends and the existing socioeconomic conditions are presented to help define both opportunities and constraints for the future. The reaction to these issues along with the vitality of the Great Lakes Region will influence the future population and economy in the County. Forecasts of population, employment, households and income presented in this report are based on the Midland County, Michigan, "Local Development Scenario," 1992 Data Pamphlet (May 1992) produced for Midland County Planning Department by Woods & Poole Economics, Inc. Households in the County numbered 27,791 in 1990. The average household size in Midland County has decreased since 1980. In 1980 the average household size in Midland County was 2.94 persons per household and in 1990 this figure decreased to 2.67 persons per household. The areas of the County that have a lower average household size than the County as a whole include the cities of Midland and Coleman and the Village of Sanford. All of the townships have average household sizes larger than the County's figure of 2.67 persons per household. Demographic Profile The age of the population has increased since 1980 reflecting a nation-wide aging trend. This fact can be seen in the percent change between 1980 and 1990. The County's overall percent change in population was 2.8 percent. The largest percentage increase was in the 65 years and over category which increased 41.1 percent. The age group with the second largest percent increase was the 25-44 category which increased by 13.0 percent (Table 6). The 45-64 category increased by 12. 1 percent. Decreases occurred in all age groups under 25. The 15-19 age group, with a 25.5 percent decrease experienced the largest decline in population. The 20-24 age group decreased 14.3 percent, the 5-14 age group decreased by 12.3 percent and residents under 5 years of age decreased by 2.0 percent. Population Characteristics The population of Midland County is centered in the City of Midland, which accounts for 50.0 percent of the County total. Adding the townships adjacent to the City (Midland, Larkin, Homer, Ingersoll and .Lincoln Townships) raises that total to 67.8 percent. Overall County growth from 1980 was 2.8 percent with Edenville, Greendale, Jerome, Larkin, Lee, Lincoln, Mt. Haley, Mills and Porter townships posting growth increases. The City of Midland grew in population by 2.8 percent. The City of Coleman and Geneva, Homer, Hope, Ingersoll, Jasper, Midland and Warren townships all decreased in population between 1980 and 1990. Table 5 shows the specific changes in population that occurred in the various municipalities. Figure 2 graphically shows the population D-1 �county figure and nine have figures over the County's median age. The percentage of residents in Midland County under 18 years of age is 27.4 percent. Lee Township, in addition to having the lowest median age, has the highest percentage of residents under 18 years of age (33.7 percent). The City of Midland and the Village of Sanford have the lowest percentage of residents under 18 years of age (25.1 percent). Only five municipalities have percentages of residents under 18 years of age lower than the County's overall average. Table 7 gives age distributions for all of the County municipalities. Additionally, the overall sex distribution, the median age, the percentage of residents under 18 years of age and the percentage of residents 65 years or older, are also shown on Table 7. The median age for residents in Midland County is 32.5 years. Lee Township has the lowest median age with a median age of 27.4 years of age. Hope Township has the highest median age with a figure of 36.4 years of age. Overall, ten municipalities have median ages under the overall TABLE 5 POPULATION BY JURISDICTION - MIDLAND COUNTY :-· .,. .,; .. 1980 Jurisdiction Townships: Edenville Geneva Greendale Homer Hope Ingersoll Jasper Jerome* Larkin Lee Lincoln Midland Mills Mt. Haley Porter Warren Cities Nill ages: Coleman City Midland City Population 1970-1980 % of County Total. 1,461 1,586 1,113 1,846 2.8 1.6 1.7 6.1 1.7 4.1 1.5 5.7 4.5 4.5 2.2 3.2 2.0 2.1 1.5 2.5 1,429 37,035 1.9 50.3 Sanford Village 864 Countv 73,578 *Includes the Village of Sanford. 1.2 100.0 2029 1,157 1,244 4,4n 1,249 3,011 1,129 4,171 3,284 3,325 1,643 2,389 %of Population Change.. ''/: 1990 Population 73.6 69.4 12.6 13.1 32.2 31.8 36.7 32.2 31.6 31.4 15.9 -5.2 45.4 25.7 23.8 43.9 10.3 5.9 5.6 15.4 SOURCE: U.S. Census of Population 1980, 1990; Gove Associates Inc. D-2 2,367 1,048 •·• ::;::: % of . County Total 1980-1990 ·•· % of Population Change 20.2 -5.4 -2.3 -7.4 -2.9 7.2 9.3 20.8 10.0 -7.0 11.9 4.4 1,812 3.1 1.4 2.0 5.6 1.6 3.7 1.5 5.9 4.7 5.3 2.4 2.9 2.2 2.2 1.5 2.4 1,237 37,819 1.6 50.0 -13.4 2.1 889 75,651 1.2 100.0 2.9 2.8 1,495 4,235 1,220 2,788 1,096 4,470 3,588 4,017 1,807 2,221 1,635 1,656 1,140 16.8 -9.4 1 l 1 I I I I I I I I 2.4 -1.8 I �FIGURE 2 CHANGES IN POPULATION: 1980-1990 CHANGES IN POPULATION: iillfil] 0 ~ 1980-1990 MOUNT LOSS IN POPULATION HAL£Y POR'Tc:R 0-10 PERCENT GROWTH OVER 10 PERCENT GROWTH SOURCE: 1990 CENSUS OF POPULATION TABLE 6 POPULATION BY AGE AND SEX - 1980-1990 MIDLAND COUNTY 1990 1980· % :. . -·•· % of Age Male Female Total Total Male Female Total % of Total Change 1980-90 Under 5 3,061 2,751 5,812 7.9 2,948 2,749 5,697 7.5 -2.0 5-14 6,909 6,359 13,268 18.0 6,011 5,627 11 ,638 15.4 -12.3 15-19 3,960 3,627 7,587 10.3 2,923 2,728 5,651 7.5 -25.5 20-24 3,242 3,136 6,378 8.7 2,872 2,593 5,465 7.2 -14.3 25-44 10,791 11 ,051 21,842 29.7 12,154 12,533 24,687 32.6 13.0 45-64 6,602 6,733 13,335 18.1 7,354 7,601 14,955 19.8 12.1 65 and 2,246 3,110 5,356 7.3 3,097 4,461 7,558 10.0 41.1 36,811 36,767 73,578 100.0 37,359 38,292 75,651 100.0 2.8 Over TOTAL SOURCE: U.S. Census of Population, 1980 and 1990 0-3 �TABLE 7 AGE/SEX DISTRIBUTION BY JURISDICTION •, (Years) 191 32.7 28.3% 8.1% 228 121 34.2 28.0% 11 .5% 500 250 104 28.9 32.8% 7.0% 397 1,402 924 364 33.5 27.1% 8.6% 264 94 366 310 123 36.4 26.8% 10.1% 210 604 242 961 542 229 31.9 29.2% 8.2% 514 93 247 97 328 243 88 30.8 31.0% 8.0% 2,261 2,209 312 890 412 1,507 970 379 33.2 26.9% 8.5% Larkin Twp. 1,798 1,790 258 855 296 1,181 782 216 32.7 31 .0% 6.0% Lee· Twp. 2,013 2,004 420 934 475 1,318 630 240 27.4 33.7% 6.0% Lincoln Twp. 936 871 153 393 164 665 333 99 30.5 30.2% 5.5% Midland Twp. 1,092 1,129 196 429 192 727 476 201 33.0 28.1% 9.0% Mills Twp. 841 794 135 394 164 556 295 91 29.7 32.4% 5.6% Mt. Haley Twp. 843 813 140 379 150 575 287 125 31.0 31 .3% 7.5% Porter Twp. 581 559 88 255 104 355 238 100 31.9 30.1% 8.8% Warren Twp. 933 879 110 424 131 575 388 184 33.7 29.5% 10.2% City of Coleman 574 663 112 261 118 350 218 178 30.9 30.2% 14.4% Village of Sanford 420 469 58 165 76 299 203 88 34.8 25.1% 9.9% City of Midland 18,263 19,556 2,733 6,765 4,272 12,190 7,362 4,507 3~.2 25.1% 11.9% Midland County 37,359 38,292 5,697 15,011 7,761 24,687 14,955 7,540 32.5 27.4% 10.0% Jurisdiction 25 -44 1,153 164 506 204 823 479 Geneva Twp. 526 522 60 233 98 308 Greendale Twp. 744 751 144 346 151 2,146 2,089 316 832 614 606 63 1,403 1,385 577 Jerome Twp. Hope Twp. Ingersoll Twp. Jasper Twp. SOURCE: 5-17 18-24 1,214 Homer Twp. .. Age Distribution Under 5 Edenville Twp. 0I :•:_::••., ❖ Female Male ~ M,:gfn. . %§5 and Over % . ·.·. •· Under ..1 8 Male/Female Distribution {\\· 45-64 65+ .·. 1990 U.S. Census of Population - l- .. :• ,_•- :- ·- ·- - - �The percentage of residents in Midland County 65 years or older is 10.0 percent. The City of Coleman has the highest percentage of residents over 65 (14.4 percent). Lincoln Township has the smallest percentage of residents 65 or older (5.5 percent). Overall, only five municipalities have percentages of residents 65 or older greater than the County's overall figure. of Economic Analysis ...The third stage is to forecast population by age, sex and race for each EA on the basis of net migration rates projected from employment opportunities ...The fourth stage replicates stages two and three except that it is performed at the County level, using the EAs as the control total for the County forecast." (Midland County, Michigan Local Development Scenario 1992 Data Pamphlet). The population projections for the communities in Midland County (Table 8) are based on the percentage of the County that each community accounted for in 1970, 1980 and 1990 - with more recent trends influencing the projected percentages more than older trends. The population projections for the County were developed by Woods and Poole. The projections are based on existing and past population and employment figures, as well as other economic and demographic variables. As described by Woods & Poole, the "database contains over 300 economic and demographic variables for every county in the United States for every year 1969 through 2015. This comprehensive database includes detailed population data by age, sex and race; employment and earnings by major industry; personal income by source of income; retail sales by kind of business; and data on the number of households, their size and inco.me .... The methods used by Woods & Poole to generate the county forecasts proceed in four stages. First, a forecast to 2015 of total United States gross national product, personal income, unemployment, inflation, employment by industry, population, etc., is made with a macroeconomic model. Second, the country is divided into 183 Economic Areas (EAs) as defined by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau The percentage of the County's population that each township, city or village contained in 1970, 1980 and 1990 was used to determine the future distribution of the County's population. The 1990 percentages were weighted more than 1980 or 1970 percentages, and the 1980 percentages were given more weight than the 1970 percentages. Weighted factors of one, two and three were applied to the 1970, 1980 and 1990 percentages, respectively. This is based on the assumption that more recent trends are most likely more reflective of the future than older trends. These distribution rates were assigned to projections from 1995 through 2015 to allocate a portion of the projected County population to each community in Midland County. These percentages were applied to the Woods and Poole projections for the County population to the year 2015. The 1990 and 2015 distributions of population are shown in Table 9. This method allows the Woods and Poole data, as well as the 1990 Census data to be used as a base throughout the Plan. The Woods and Poole projections are identified in Tables 1o through 13. Figure 3 depicts the overall population projections for the County. D-5 �I ! FIGURE 3 I POPULATION PROJECTIONS: 1990-2015 I I 110,000 100,000 'I 95,000 I. 90,000 I 105,000 I I 85,000 80,000 I 1990 1995 2000 NOTE: 2005 2010 2015 A POPULATION BASE OF 75,000 IS USED TO SHOW GREATER DETAIL. SOURCE: WOODS AND POOLE (1992) 0-6 I I I I I I I �• TABLE 8 POPULATION PROJECTIONS - MIDLAND COUNTY Juriscfictlons •·' . ( Townshigs: Edenville ·•:-· -\.. : ):/t 199():' .: •.. ,} 1995. \ ,.;:(·· •.·.::::::: :::::::-· I ·· ,• ·2000:- ,•, •.•. .:)•:•·2005:} ·•> 2010 /\i : 2015'0: 2,367 2,430 2,555 2,685 2,820 2,960 Geneva 1,048 1,215 1,280 1,340 1,410 1,480 Greendale 1,495 1,560 1,645 1,725 1,815 1,905 Homer 4,235 5,115 5,385 5,660 5,945 6,240 Hope 1,220 1,390 1,460 1,535 1,610 1,690 Ingersoll 2,788 3,295 3,470 3,645 3,830 4,020 Jasper 1,096 1,300 1,370 1,440 1,510 1,585 Jerome* 4,470 4,945 5,205 5,465 5,740 6,025 Larkin 3,588 3,900 4,105 4,315 4,535 4,760 Lee 4,017 4,160 4,380 4,600 4,835 5,075 Lincoln 1,807 1,995 2,100 2,205 2,315 2,430 Midland 2,221 2,775 2,920 3,070 3,225 3,385 Mills 1,635 1,735 1,825 1,920 2,015 2,115 Mt. Haley 1,656 1,820 1,915 2,015 2,115 2,220 Porter 1,140 1,300 1,370 1,440 1,510 1,585 Warren 1 812 2.080 2190 2300 2 420 2 535 1,237 1,560 1,645 1,725 1,815 1,905 37,819 44,135 46,460 48,815 51,275 53,815 889 1 040 1 095 1 150 1 210 1 270 75 651 86 710 91 280 95900 100 740 105 730 Cities Nillages: Coleman City Midland City Sanford Villaae Countv *Includes the Village of Sandford. SOURCE: 1990 Census-of Population; Woods & Poole {1992); Gove Associates Inc. D-7 �TABLE 9 POPULATION DISTRIBUTION BY JURISDICTION (PERCENTAGE) MIDLAND COUNTY Townships: Edenville 3.1 2.8 25.1 Geneva 1.4 1.4 41.2 Greendale 2.0 1.8 27.4 Homer 5.6 5.9 47.3 Hope 1.6 1.6 38.5 Ingersoll 3.7 3.8 44.2 Jasper 1.5 1.5 44.6 Jerome* 5.9 5.7 34.8 Larkin 4.7 4.5 32.7 Lee 5.3 4.8 26.3 Lincoln 2.4 2.3 34.5 Midland 2.9 3.2 52.4 Mills 2.2 2.0 29.4 Mt. Haley 2.2 2.1 34.1 Porter 1.5 1.5 39.0 Warren 2.4 2.4 39.9 48.4 47.3 36.7 1.6 1.8 54.0 50.0 50.9 42.3 1.2 42.9 100.0 39.8 TOTAL TOWNSHIPS Cities/Villages: Coleman City Midland City Sanford Village TOTAL 1.17 100.0 *Village of Sanford included. SOURCE: 1990 U.S. Census of Population; Woods and Poole (1992); Gove Associates Inc. 0-8 l \ t I I I I I I I I I I I �• • • • • • • Tables 10, 11 and 12 project or forecast Midland County's population to the year 2015 by age and sex. These projections are useful for determining the quality of various age-specific services that will be required to serve residents of Midland County over the next 25 years. Such services range from pre-natal care to senior citizen centers. The projections can be used to prepare for future demands today, and to use as trendline analysis data in Mure plan updates. TABLE 10 POPULATION PROJECTIONS BY AGE MIDLAND COUNTY Age<::\: -:-:.: \ 1000\i) I h99S:::k'• tt2.()0a'. ::: .. 1 ;:: 2oos:r::. . ,./:C;::.,ft2010 ::· :;_,,. •:- . >2015 ,:::-:; 0-4 5,697 6,360 6,230 6,340 6,700 7,120 5-9 5,911 6,570 6,650 6,530 6,650 7,050 10-14 5,745 6,710 6,960 7,060 6,950 7,110 15-19 5,651 6,090 6,580 6,900 7,080 7,040 20-24 5,465 5,350 5,300 5,740 6,030 6,170 25-29 6,110 5,890 5,460 5,460 5,900 6,170 30-34 6,587 6,970 6,160 5,740 5,750 6,220 35-39 6,369 7,430 7,260 6,430 6,000 6,030 40-44 5,621 6,800 7,420 7,300 6,500 6,110 45-49 4,728 6,250 6,970 7,640 7,550 6,740 50-54 3,848 5,130 6,420 7,220 7,950 7,870 55-59 3,249 3,940 4,880 6,190 7,030 7,800 60-64 3,130 3,460 3,870 4,830 6,170 7,060 65-69 2,542 2,980 3,030 3,410 4,270 5,490 70-74 1,947 2,560 2,no 2,810 3,160 3,980 75-79 1,450 1,930 2,360 2,560 2,600 2,920 80-84 890 1,250 1,550 1,920 2,090 2,120 85+ 711 1,040 1,410 1,840 2,350 2,740 75,651 86,710 91,280 95,900 100,740 105,730 TOTAL SOURCE: 1990 Census of Population; Woods and Poole (1992) D-9 �TABLE 11 POPULATION PROJECTIONS BY AGE (MALES) MIDLAND COUNTY Age '· 1990 1995 .•'.•:•:• 2000 2005 2010 2015 0-4 2,948 3,280 3,220 3,270 3,460 3,670 5-9 3,061 3,390 3,420 3,360 3,430 3,630 10-14 2,968 3,470 3,590 3,630 3,570 3,650 15-19 2,923 3,130 3,370 3,530 3,610 3,590 20-24 2,872 2,750 2,720 2,930 3,070 3,140 25-29 3,023 2,940 2,710 2,690 2,900 3,030 30-34 3,208 3,420 3,020 2,810 2,810 3,030 35-39 3,120 3,630 3,560 3,150 2,930 2,940 40-44 2,803 3,370 3,680 3,620 3,220 3,020 45-49 2,318 3,070 3,430 3,no 3,720 3,320 50-54 1,926 2,560 3,210 3,610 3,990 3,940 55-59 1,596 1,910 2,360 2,990 3,410 3,800 60-64 1,514 1,660 1,840 2,290 2,930 3,370 65-69 1,206 1,410 1,430 1,600 2,000 2,570 70-74 816 1,100 1,200 1,210 1,360 1,710 75-79 560 740 920 1,000 1,010 1,140 80-84 296 420 530 650 710 720 85+ 201 290 380 500 640 740 TOTAL 37,359 42,550 44,570 46,620 48,780 51,010 SOURCE: 1990 Census of Population; Woods and Poole (1992) D-10 l I 1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I �• • • • • • TABLE 12 POPULATION PROJECTIONS BY AGE (FEMALES) MIDLAND COUNTY •.•· Age . ;.;::' 1990.,.i .. 1995 ::\{· -:::::::-:-: .2000 ;.;:;:..;;:•:,,. ·.; ::;::/ 2005 2010 · .. : 2015 0-4 2,749 3,070 3,010 3,070 3,240 3,450 5-9 2,850 3,180 3,220 3,170 3,230 3,420 10-14 2,777 3,240 3,370 3,430 3,380 3,460 15-19 2,728 2,960 3,210 3,370 3,460 3,450 20-24 2,593 2,600 2,590 2,810 2,950 3,030 25-29 3,087 2,950 2,750 2,760 3,000 3,140 30-34 3,379 3,540 3,130 2,920 2,940 3,190 35-39 3,249 3,790 3,710 3,290 3,070 3,090 40-44 2,818 3,440 3,740 3,680 3,290 3,090 45-49 2,410 3,180 3,540 3,870 3,820 3,420 50-54 1,922 2,560 3,210 3,610 3,960 3,930 55-59 1,653 2,030 2,520 3,200 3,620 4,000 60-64 1,616 1,800 2,030 2,540 3,240 3,690 65-69 1,336 1,570 1,600 1,810 2,270 2,920 70-74 1,131 1,460 1,570 1,600 1,800 2,270 75-79 890 1,180 1,440 1,560 1,590 1,780 80-84 594 830 1,020 1,270 1,370 1,390 85+ 510 760 1,030 1,340 1,710 2,000 TOTAL 38,292 44,150 46,700 49,280 51,950 54,720 SOURCE: 1990 Census of Population; Woods and Poole (1992) D-11 �Both the younger age groups (0-4 through 40-44) and the older age groups (45-49 through 85 +) will increase as a percentage of the County's total population. This will happen in both the male and female categories. However, Table 13 combines the data in Tables 10, 11 and 12 illustrating how the distribution of age groups will change over the planning periods. Table 13 presents forecasts that the future population will be an older population than it is today. TABLE 13 PROJECTED CHANGES IN AGE DISTRIBUTION: 1990-2015 •' 1990 '• % of Population Age Total . Male . I 2015 .. Female Total :: % of Population Male Female 0- 4 7.5 3.9 3.6 6.7 3.5 3.3 5- 9 7.8 4.0 3.7 6.7 3.4 3.2 10-14 7.6 3.9 3.7 6.7 3.4 3.3 15-19 7.5 3.9 3.6 6.6 3.4 3.3 20-24 7.2 3.8 3.4 5.8 3.0 2.9 25-29 8.1 4.0 4.1 5.8 2.9 3.0 30-34 8.7 4.3 4.5 5.9 2.9 3.0 35-39 8.4 4.1 4.3 5.7 2.8 2.9 40-44 7.4 3.7 3.7 5.8 2.8 2.9 45-49 6.3 3.1 3.2 6.4 3.1 3.2 50-54 5.1 2.5 2.5 7.4 3.7 3.7 55-59 4.3 2.1 2.2 7.4 3.6 3.8 60-64 4.1 2.0 2.1 6.7 3.2 3.5 65-69 3.4 1.6 1.8 5.2 2.4 2.8 70-74 2.6 1.1 1.5 3.8 1.6 2.1 75-79 1.9 0.7 1.2 2.8 1.1 1.7 80-84 1.2 0.4 0.8 2.0 0.7 1.3 85+ 0.9 0.3 0.7 2.6 0.7 1.9 TOTAL 100.0 49.4 50.6 100.0 48.2 51.8 Over 64 10.0 4.1 6.0 16.4 6.5 9.8 SOURCE: 1990 Census of Population; Woods and Poole (1992) D-12 I l I I I I I I I I I I �citizens. In 1990 only 1.0 percent of the County's population was 85 years old or older, but in 2015 this figure is projected to be 2.4 percent. This is significant since many people over 85 need a more intensive level of care than younger senior citizens. the female category will increase slightly more as a percentage of the total County population in 2015 than it shared in 1990. The redistribution of age groups is an important issue that will affect the future of the County in many ways. Schools may need to add school rooms or share available space, or change their programs to accommodate an increase in students. Additional senior services will be required. Such services will include housing, health care, transportation, and other programs designed to meet the needs of senior Table 14 projects that the racial distribution of Midland County will not significantly change. Whites will make up a slightly smaller percentage in 2015 than in 1990, while other races will make up a slightly larger percentage of the County's population. TABLE 14 POPULATION PROJECTIONS BY RACE MIDLAND COUNTY ••.·• I I I I I I I :n,:, 20osr:" Race ,::rd99d > ., White 73,466 84,430 88,760 93,150 97,750 102,500 Black 719 910 1,060 1,220 1,400 1,590 Other 1,466 1,360 1,460 1,530 1,590 1,640 0 ·· SOURCE: 1990 Census of Population; Woods and Poole (1992) D-13 2010 2015 �projections were divided by the average household size to arrive at the number of households in the various municipalities. The 1990 Census lists the number of persons in group quarters for each municipality. If a particular municipality had persons in group quarters in 1990 this number was subtracted from the general population. This was done since traditional housing units are not typically required for group housing. Table 15 lists the persons per household in Midland County. The 1980 and 1990 figures are based on Census figures and the 2015 projections are based on the changes in household sizes between 1980 and 1990 for each individual community. Table 16 is based on the population projections for the County's townships and cities and on the projected sizes of the households. The population TABLE 15 PERSONS PER HOUSEHOLD: 1980, 1990 and 2015 } 980.Persons , =,· ,/:4990:Persons\;:'/. ')2015tf:>.ersons= 'i / Junsitlcttori'' ' ·••• ::})Pef Household=>•·:. . t PefHoi.Jsehold:...)' •·· : •Pet.:H ousehold ···• Edenville Twp. 2.98 2.76 2.21 Geneva Twp. 3.08 2.86 2.31 Greendale Twp. 3.18 2.98 2.48 Homer Two. 3.11 2.80 2.03 Hooe Two. 3.21 2.83 1.88 lnaersoll Twp. 3.24 2.94 JasoerTwp. 3.16 3.01 2.19 2.64 Jerome Twp. 1 2.94 2.71 2.14 Larkin Twp. 3.37 3.11 2.46 Lee Two. 3.27 3.01 2.36 Lincoln Twp. 3.26 2.88 1.93 Midland Twp. 3.06 2.n 2.05 Mills Two. 3.36 3.08 2.38 Mt. Halev Twp. 3.30 3.00 2.25 Porter Twp. 3.25 2.97 Warren Twp. 3.21 Villaoe of Sanford 2.76 2.91 2.54 2.27 2.16 Cltv of Coleman 2.82 Cltv of Midland 2.74 2.50 2.49 1.70 1.87 Midland Countv 2.94 2.67 2.00 1 1.99 lncluding Village of Sanford SOURCE: 1980 and 1990 U.S. Census of Population; Gove Associates Inc. 0-14 'I I I I I I I I • • • �-~ • • • • • •I TABLE 16 HOUSEHOLD PROJECTIONS BY JURISDICTIONS MIDLAND COUNTY Jurisdictions Townships: Edenville • •I I I I I 2000 2005 2010 2015 917 1,006 1,105 1,216 1,339 Geneva 367 442 485 530 583 641 Greendale 496 542 592 644 703 768 1,492 1,930 2,163 2,419 2,727 3,074 Hope 431 526 596 679 778 899 Ingersoll 931 1,181 1,314 1,464 1,637 1,836 Jasper 364 442 479 516 557 600 Jerome 1 1,647 1,902 2,099 2,306 2,551 2,815 Larkin 1,155 1,308 1,440 1,586 1,751 1,935 Lee 1,329 1,444 1,593 1,756 1,942 2,150 Lincoln 628 741 840 956 1,092 1,259 Midland 802 1,055 1,177 1,311 1,473 1,651 Mills 530 590 652 721 800 889 Mt. Haley 552 639 709 790 881 987 Porter 384 459 509 565 627 698 Warren 623 753 839 935 1,048 1,174 494 677 755 854 976 1,121 14,709 18,622 20,741 23,026 25,766 28,778 350 428 472 520 576 638 27,791 34,160 37,989 42,163 47,108 52,624 Cities LVillages: Coleman City Midland City Sanford Village County 1 1995 857 Homer • 1990 lncluding Sanford Village SOURCE: 1990 U.S. Census of Population; Gove Associates Inc. D-15 �Figure 4 shows the percentages of household types in Midland County. Married-couple families make up the largest percentage of households with 18,063 households, or 65.0 percent of Midland County households. Nonfamily households account for 6,91 O households, or 24.9 percent of the County's households. Single parent households with female householders account for 7.9 percent of the County's households and single parent households with male householders account for 2.3 percent of Midland County households. Housing Profile Housing Goals This Comprehensive Plan notes goals for residential land uses which provide for a wide range of housing opportunities and the preservation and protection of existing residential development. As described in the following section, the bulk of activity being conducted in housing is by the Midland County Housing Commission and by the City of Midland. An August 1985 report forwarded to the County Board of Commissioners from the Midland County Housing Commission stated two goals: FIGURE 4 HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE: 1990 1. "Provide adequate and suitable housing for every family and resident of all ages, income and ethnic group, in accordance with their desires and needs." OTHER FAMILY, MALE HOUSEHOLDER 635-------OTHER FAMILY, FEMALE HOUSEHOLDER 2183 - - - - ~ ---...-'Mr---- 2. "Renew blighted and/or deteriorating residential areas through upgrading of structures and improved environmental conditions and the achievement of at least minimum standards of housing quality." MARRIEDCOUPLE FAMILIES 18,063 J The City of Midland, Task Force 2000 report stated its housing goal to: "Maintain attractiveness in housing and neighborhoods while attending to the problems of escalating building costs and the questions of energy and transportation availability." SOURCE: 1990 Census of Population Noted in the Task Force 2000 report are several sub-goals: D-16 l j l I I I I t 'I I I I I I I I �• • • • • • • • • • •I I I I I I I I TABLE 17 1. "Consider city ordinances relating to housing." (Relating to building, quality, diversity, standards and flexibility). LOANS ISSUED ON YEARLY BASIS \i\/i 2. "Consider new approaches to housing." (Mixed use neighborhoods and innovative design). income persons." 4. "Continue support of fair housing practices." 5. "Encourage the use of neighborhood schools and parks as community centers." better relationships." •,• :;:::: : 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 3. "Address housing needs of tow- 6. "Promote :veiifi neighborhood Total Number of .Loans 2 0 10 17 20 10 11 27 8 9 9 13 15 14 155 Home Improvement Loans Between 1978 and 1991 the Midland County Housing Commission issued 155 loans throughout the County (except the City of Midland) for home improvements. Table 17 lists the number of loans that were issued on a yearly basis. The average number of loans issued per year is 11. · SOURCE: Midland County Housing Commission While the number of loans per year has seemed to level off in the past three years, the distribution ot loans through the County is not proportionally equal. Table 18 shows the number of loans issued on an individual municipal level as well as loans issued per 1,000 residents (1990 Census). While Table 18 seems to indicate that some areas are receiving more than their "fair share," Table 19 indicates that none of the communities are reaching their goals for assisting low-income households. With a goal of 2,008 housing assists for the County and an actual figure of 155 assists, the goal achievement is only 7. 7 percent of its mark. D-17 �--------. 1 TABLE 18 MUNICIPAL LOANS : :11:: : : : :,aans-= per=f r ·.-:,-:· ·. 1 tttfj.,doo . . Residents=::::;; Edenville Township 4 1.7 Geneva Township 5 4.8 Greendale Township 21 14.0 Homer Township 3 0.7 Hope Township 1 0.8 Ingersoll Township 3 1.1 Jasper Township 9 8.2 Jerome Township 5 1.1 Larkin Township 6 1.7 Lee Township 16 4.0 Lincoln Township 3 1.7 Midland Township 2 0.9 Mills Township 25 15.3 Mt. Haley Township 2 1.2 Porter Township 11 9.6 Warren Township 3 1.7 31 25.1 5 5.6 Coleman City Sanford Village SOURCE: Midland County Housing Commission D-18 --- --------- I I I I I I I I I I I I I �• • • •I I I I I I I I • •I I I • • TABLE 19 HOUSING QUALITY BY MUNICIPALITY Ndm6·efr·otn?' Households :"· ··· ow~ ous;esrrt:,J:1:r . . House§;:::r} 1979.. ·bo~· .A§sisted Since< ·r;\;ssistance:tit ,.J'.ppeptlom:: : ::\:::; _. · Goal ·., · ·U 978:1991J Edenville Twp. 903 73 81 4 Geneva Twp. 382 89 54 5 1,443 143 240 3 Hope Twp. 529 126 49 1 Ingersoll Twp. 916 155 124 3 Greendale Twp. 435 142 101 21 Jasper 390 136 78 9 Jerome Twp. (a) 1,242 164 213 5 Larkin Twp. 1,222 141 158 6 Lee Twp. 940 230 207 16 Lincoln Twp. 514 171 72 3 Midland Twp. 816 69 158 2 Mills Twp. 459 124 88 25 Mt. Haley Twp. 504 73 101 2 Porter Twp. 366 80 65 11 Warren Twp. 653 179 91 3 City of Coleman 475 122 128 31 Village of Sanford 343 37 N/A 5 12,432 2,254 2,008 155 Homer Twp. Total a. Not including the Village of Sanford SOURCE: Midland County Housing Commission D-19 �its housing constructed between 1970 and 1980. Housing Development Characteristics Housing development in Midland County has taken a distinct urban/rural pattern. The urban area of the City of Midland, and the urbanizing townships around the City have developed quite differently than those in areas outside the City. These differences are reflected in the density, availability, variety and cost of housing throughout the County. Figure 5 shows the distribution of housing types in Midland County. Over 73 percent of the County's housing is single-family housing. Multi-family housing accounts for nearly 15 percent of the County's housing and mobile homes account for 12 percent of housing in the County. The City of Midland is characterized by its more dense development, higher home value, fewer persons per household and higher rents. These characteristics are present because of the increased urban amenities (recreation, cultural activities, utilities and wider variety of housing types and styles). FIGURE 5 TYPES OF HOUSING: 1990 LE s 0 The remaining areas of the County vary from moderately developed areas such as Coleman, Sanford, the areas adjacent to Sanford Lake and some areas adjacent to the City of Midland, to the rural farmstead and large lot residential areas prevalent throughout the townships. The developed areas were spawned from traditional settlements created by water, rail and road transportation routes or crossroads. SINGLEFAMILY HOUSES 21,486 SOURCE: 1990 U.S. Census of Population Over the past twenty years a significant increase in housing growth has occurred in the areas outside the City of Midland. This fact is reflected in the age of housing. Table 20, indicates that while all townships except Midland Township had over 40 percent of their housing constructed between 1970 and 1990, the City of Midland had just 36.8 percent constructed in that time period. The County as a whole had a 42.1 percent of One form of housing which has shown a significant increase in use is the mobile home. The mobile or manufactured home provides a relatively inexpensive housing alternative, particularly for low- D-20 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ~ �I I I I I I I I I I I I I I • •I • • TABLE 20 HOUSING AGE BY PERCENT OF TOTAL HOUSING MIDLAND COUNTY Year.Constructed> Jurisdictions 1939 or Earlier 1940~1969 . Townships: Edenville 4.4% 36.6% 59.9% Geneva 22.2% 32.1% 45.4% Greendale 11.9% 39.0% 49.1% Homer 14.2% 44.1% 41.7% Hope 15.5% 39.2% 45.3% Ingersoll 16.7% 41.5% 41.8% Jasper 17.1% 26.0% 56.9% Jerome 6.6% 45.3% 48.1% Larkin 10.0% 35.9% 54.1% Lee 7.8% 37.6% 54.6% Lincoln 8.2% 38.9% 52.9% Midland 13.3% 55.0% 31.7% Mills 6.4% 40.0% 53.6% Mt. Haley 12.5% 41.9% 45.6% Porter 11.3% 39.8% 48.9% Warren 16.6% 31.9% 51.5% Cities: Coleman 33.5% 36.1% 30.4% 10.2% 53.0% 36.8% 11.1% 46.8% 42.1% Midland Coun!Y SOURCE: 1990 U.S. Census of Housing D-21 :::: ; ;1970-March 1990 ; �1 income to moderate-income families. This development has raised a number of concerns, particularly in the townships, regarding community appearance and the integrity of agriculture areas. Also of concern is the higher density singlefamily development which is occurring in some areas without proper sanitary sewer and water facilities. Long-term environmental problems could result. The lack of public utilities also restricts the range of housing opportunities which can be provided by limiting multiple-family development. This, in turn, contributes to the demand for lower cost manufactured homes. Township), the median rent is higher in six communities. Figure 8 graphically shows the variations paid in rent throughout the County. Another factor affecting housing is the tenure - or the ratio of owner-occupied units. Figure 9 shows that the City of Midland has the highest percentage of renter-occupied units and that Hope Township has the highest percentage of owner-occupied units. Coleman is the only community other than Midland that has a higher percentage of renter-occupied units than the County as a whole. One additional factor which the lack of utilities may cause is the concentration of development where soils and groundwater are able to support septic systems and wells. This development pattern generally tends to be random, without regard to available streets and related land uses, such as shopping and work place. A structural quality survey was completed for the County in 1978 and 1979 as a part of its 1980 County Housing Plan Program. All communities, except the City of Midland, were evaluated. Three quality standards were used: Housing Quality 1. Standard: Buildings placed in this category required normal maintenance and did not exhibit noticeable wear. The median value of owner-occupied housing varies throughout the County. Figure 6 demonstrates these differences. Larkin Township had the highest median housing cost in 1990 followed by the City of Midland - these were the only two communities with an average higher than the County's average. Figure 7 lists the number of owner-occupied households in various price ranges. Over 45 percent of housing units in Midland County are valued between $50,000 and $100,000. Nearly 34 percent are valued below $50,000. Nearly 21 percent are valued over $100,000. While the median cost of owner-occupied housing units was higher than the County's average in only two instances (Midland City and Larkin 2. Deteriorating: This description applied to buildings with several minor defects and, at times, one major defect which could be remedied at a reasonably cost. 3. Substandard: Substandard structures exhibit multiple minor and major defects which cannot be reasonably repaired. These buildings should eventually be removed. 0-22 I I I I I I I I I I �I •I I I I I I I I I I I I I • •II FIGURE 6 MEDIAN VALUE OF OWNER-OCCUPIED HOUSING UNITS: 1990 \/ ALUE ,~$1000) ······•································································· ···· ··· ····················· ········· ········································· ····················· ·············································· ·································· ····················· ················· : : : : : : : : /~j/)::::::~:/\\\:\:/:\\/:\:\/:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::/~-:. ................ ... .. .. ~ ························· : :.·::::.·:::::::. ·. ·:. ·:.·:::. ···················· ···· SOURCE: 1990 Census of Population FIGURE 7 VALUE OF OWNER-OCCUPIED UNITS: 1990 OVER $300,000: 87 - - $200,000-$300,000: $150,000-$200,000: $50,000$100,000: 7170 SOURCE: 1990 Census of Population D-23 �0 0 00 0 Q C )J ~ ...... O __. O N O (..,.J O -+>- O U1 O m O ----J O co O tO O O C )J ......__,.)> ki:-·nJ~,\H,li.~"iwD~lt,, , J ..........~ ~ Q ...... ~~=~~~=~~=~=~=~~~~ ~ ~ -.........,-..,~~~=~~~~=~.,...,..,.~~~ w ~ w o~~~~~~~~=~~~nm ~.....+............+.-......... - + . , , , = ~ ~..............+c:-.........~'<"<"<"<'~,..,....,~ ~ z ·.• C 0 ~ u <D :::, ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~t~~~~~~t~~~~~~;t:~~~~~~.-:i O:E CJ> :::0 fTl <D :::, ~ (/) JJ m ~~::::;::::t:::~:t~~~t~~~~~~t~~~~~~t~~~~~.,_,. :::0 ~ fTl ~ 0'"Tl :::0 0 .g ~~=~=~=~....,,,.,=~=~=~~~='! ~......+.......................+.-.,'<"<"<"<'~~=~=~=~~...,...,...,,..,.-j O O () C ~.........,~.........,~..-......=~~=~=~=~.:.i:....:,.:....;.;=..:i O O () n> ~~~~~~=~~==:'<:'=~=~er:-":~~· ~ O C '"'""-"~.-....-.-..........,.=~~=~=~=.,,,..,.,.=~= -U C -0 o, g:::, ~~ ..... ...+.,,,=+.-t-s~=C'Cffl,..,.,,....~=~~~~i fTl -u m ofTIO N ~.,...._,=.......,~~=-=~=~=~=~~=~~ 0 """".....+.............+.-......... .................._'"""".............,............. ........................,................. I 9. 0 -0 ....+........... ~ ~ ,,-..,. :::0 00 0 _. ,,-..,.C o ~-U ~ 0 C 00 "J U £ ~ '"Tl G> c )J m w o· :::, __. O C.Jl 0 0 0 0 0 (..,.J (..,.J 0 (J1 0 0 • ,• •.·.•. · .·.·.•,• .... ' . . ...... . ::i : . ' .... l HOMER TWP -. ~0:p:~ .:ii~:::: ·:: : · _ :._.Jil ili}i!L T::: INGERSOLL TWP ·J·;:sP.ER···+wp·.·· ············: ::rr . · ,·,•.· .. .. ...... ·- .. JEROME TWP .. . ·.•.'. •,•. .. : ::::;::::· ' LEE TWP -:-:• ·.• .· . ·. ..... .. MILLS TWP ·.•,•.•,• •,•,·.· . • ·.· ... •,•.•.•,•,•.· .. . .. . . C z :-:t ...... w w )J m CX> 0 T/ ' PORTER TWP .... :t :::, •.. < \N;o:R·Ri·N·.• TwP····. ... ... . . . m i . . .. ' MT. HALEY TWP ... )J • :to :,:, ... ...... . . ' J] (j) ]) MIDLAND TWP )> z T ):::- .... . .. . . m : :i •: :: J) •,•. -:- :- ·.•.•,·,• LINCOLN TWP . 0 ::f:::: .. ;. LARKIN TWP . · .•.•,•.• , • . . . . s:: ::~;;: : J ::>::: . . .. . . . . . ' . . . . ... .. . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . ] /.;:;. : :~ . : : ! ····· . . . . .•. • , · ~ ..:'.! GREENDALE TWP ,•.•.•· 0 ~fTI ..........,Z := GENEVA TWP . .· .p,. O :J< EDENVILLE TWP C 0 0 N U1 .......... ' . . . .. . ...... w w N 0 -~---_J .. •.-:·~:.--··-:-~ •:- -. · ~ . · . · • : • . • · •;. ; .-.-.-.-.. -. · . z (j) z ~ _. U1 .... ' COLEMAN CITY SANFORD VILL . . ... . . . . .. . . . . ... . . . . .. ..... . . MIDLAND CITY . ,_· ~; H~ lll~I!: Uf l~ ~: !: : '- ~-'- . ~ "._,__•____,___:_ '. ' '._, IMt[~+l'?£Y~!X' ;;: JI : I . . - - -- - · ----- - - -- - - - -- - - . - - - - -- --- j �ii • •ii • • • • • • • • • • • • • • - to Mure housing needs due to the loss of existing housing stock and the need to replace lost structures. Table 21 summarizes housing quality in the County (again, excluding the City of Midland). The number of substandard dwellings must be considered in relation TABLE 21 HOUSING QUALITY BY JURISDICTION: 1978-1979 - MIDLAND COUNTY 1 w Jurt§cfictfonsi:/ · • :2 . . Standard Oefurk>~tlrig(/ .:· 1F • Substandard : : :Nam~tI\l :{; e~f6fult:::.·· .::t:Numbeh •• Percent .. • +:.: :Number:: :::\Perce~ \ · ·, Townships: Edenville 830 91.9 38 4.2 35 3.9 Geneva 293 77.2 51 13.4 38 4.4 Greendale 293 67.4 97 22.3 45 10.3 1,300 90.1 83 5.8 60 4.2 Hope 403 76.2 66 12.5 60 11 .3 Ingersoll 761 83.1 75 8.2 80 8.7 Jasper 254 65.1 84 21 .5 52 13.4 1,078 86.8 89 7.2 75 6.0 Larkin 981 87.4 108 9.6 33 2.9 Lee 710 75.5 145 15.4 85 9.0 Lincoln 343 66.7 129 25.1 42 8.2 Midland 747 91 .5 48 5.9 21 2.6 Mills 335 73.0 76 16.6 48 10.5 Mt. Haley 431 85.5 49 9.7 24 4.8 Porter 286 78.1 47 12.8 33 9.0 Warren 474 72.6 82 12.6 97 14.9 353 74.3 90 18.9 32 6.8 306 89.2 26 7.6 11 3.2 10,178 81.9 1,383 11.1 871 7.0 Homer Jerome Cities Nill ages: Coleman City Midland City* Sanford Village County *Data is not available for the City of Midland in the same categories as are available in the County Housing Commission Report SOURCE: Housing the County, 1980, Midland County Housing Commission D-25 �some distance appear to have lower percentages. In addition, not surprisingly, those jurisdictions with higher median home values tend to have the lower percentage of substandard housing (fable 22). No clear pattern of quality related housing problems is discernible although one trend appears to be present. Communities nearer the City of Midland appear to have a higher percentage of standard housing while communities at TABLE 22 FACTORS DETERMINING HOUSING QUALITY - MIDLAND COUNTY :·.,; ··• ::::: .Jurisdictions . .; . ::Median:Value <•: Owner Specified 1980: :, .·,: 1990 ·• Townshigs: Edenville .:f ,.·.·.· ·_;;::, ...·.,.·,:-:-.,·-;- ·.· <) · p~rceni·:· ·-•.•·. Increase 1980-1990 ' -;- t:· Ill::\/...... '.i#.Jrcer1t L. '.'. •· :( Constructed . ·· Substandard., ._>:::. 1939 or Eartier (1990)' ·. Housing ,\ I.;.. ,...,,.;"' . Perc~J~;:\'.i'. $37,300 $55,500 48.8 3.9 4.4 Geneva $30,500 $40,400 32.5 4.4 22.2 Greendale $24,800 $35,900 44.8 10.3 11.9 Homer $41 ,000 $54,600 33.2 4.2 14.2 Hope $37,900 $47,900 26.4 11.3 15.5 Ingersoll $40,800 $52,500 28.7 8.7 16.7 Jasper $27,500 $38,300 39.3 13.4 17.1 Jerome $38,300 $54,200 41 .5 6.0 6.6 Larkin $48,700 $78,400 61.0 2.9 10.0 Lee $35,000 $45,500 30.0 9.0 7.8 Lincoln $38,100 $50,900 33.6 8.2 8.2 Midland $41 ,100 $53,000 29.0 2.6 13.3 Mills $29,800 $42,000 40.9 10.5 6.4 Mt. Haley $37,200 $49,400 32.8 4.8 12.5 Porter $32,800 $37,100 13.1 9.0 11.3 Warren $32,800 $41,800 27.4 14.9 16.6 $23,900 $33,300 39.3 6.8 33.5 $52,600 $74,200 41.1 N.A. 10.2 N.A. $53,700 3.2 10.4 $44,900 $63,300 7.0 11 .1 Cities Nillages: Coleman City Midland City Sanford Village Countv 41.0 N.A. Data is not available for the City of Midland and the Village of Sanford in the same categories as It is available in the County Housing Commission report. SOURCE: 1980 U.S. Census of Housing; 1990 U.S. Census of Population; Housing the County, 1980, Midland County Housing Commission D-26 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I �II i1 I I I I I I I •I I •I • • • • • housing cost increase of 41.0 percent. Table 23 shows the types of housing in Midland County by the number of households, -the number of single-family homes, multiple-family homes, and mobile homes or trailers. More recent data is also included in Table 22. The 1990 median value of owner-occupied units is compared to 1980 information to show areas in the County where housing costs have risen at rates higher than the County's average TABLE 23 TYPES OF HOUSING IN MIDLAND COUNTY: 1990 Townships: Edenville 995 720 72.4 19 1.9 256 25.7 Geneva 410 310 75.6 6 1.5 94 22.9 Greendale 528 308 58.3 0.2 219 41 .5 1,557 1,345 86.4 54 3.5 158 10.1 Hope 558 461 83.7 3 0.5 88 15.8 Ingersoll 984 861 87.5 48 4.9 75 7.6 Jasper 385 267 69.4 4 1.0 114 29.6 Jerome** 1,803 1,361 75.5 64 3.5 378 21 .0 Larkin 1,193 1,118 93.7 8 0.7 67 5.6 Lee 1,395 793 56.8 11 0.8 591 42.4 L:ncoln 658 483 73.4 42 6.4 133 20.2 Midland 836 730 87.3 16 1.9 90 10.8 Mills 550 364 66.2 0.2 185 33.6 Mt. Haley 570 438 76.8 5 0.9 127 22.3 Porter 399 296 74.2 4 1.0 99 24.8 Warren 658 510 n .5 2 0.3 146 22.2 526 372 70.7 59 11 .2 95 18.1 15,338 10,743 70.0 4,000 26.1 595 3.9 376 323 85.9 25 6.6 28 7.4 29,343 21 ,486 73.2 4,347 14.8 3,510 12.0 Homer Cities/Villages: Coleman City Midland City Sanford Village County *Does not include modular housing (modular housing is included under single-family housing) **Includes Village of Sanford SOURCE: 1990 Census of Population D-27 �Labor Force Characteristics Economic Profile Table 24, Labor Force Characteristics, is taken from the 1990 Census and shows, by municipality, the number of persons in the labor force, as well as the differences in unemployment between the municipalities. The employment and income data are taken from the 1990 Census and reflect 1989 figures. TABLE 24 LABOR FORCE CHARACTERISTICS - MIDLAND COUNTY , :ttI}i. ' :· , . ' ·< > ·Persons 16 :~;: i Jurisdictions Older In labor : Force (1990) Townships: Edenville 18,976 437 1.2 51.2 1.2 13.1 5.0 8.6 37 50 49 37,086 100.0 6.9 49 2,119 534 Jasper 1,332 468 1 2,240 Larkin 1,898 Lee 1,830 Lincoln 893 1,192 747 763 520 Midland Mills Mt. Haley Porter Warren 838 CitlesNillages: Coleman 463 Midland Sanford County Percent Unemployed 48 654 Ingersoll '· ·, Percent of Total .. ·•·• Population in Labor Force 8.9 12.5 19.2 5.1 8.6 3.7 9.4 9.3 6.0 15.5 7.8 4.6 13.0 9.6 9.2 9.7 Greendale Hope ;, 3.1 1.3 1.8 5.7 1.4 3.6 1.3 6.0 5.1 4.9 2.4 3.2 2.0 2.1 1.4 2.3 483 Homer 1 ,:Total·t•:c::, labor Force 1,136 Geneva Jerome , . ~ii&~:Ji : :•{ 1ncludes Village of Sanford SOURCE: 1990 Census of Population D-28 46 44 50 44 48 43 50 53 46 49 54 46 46 46 46 �I I I I I I I I I •I • • • • • •II Occupational Characteristics Table 25 demonstrates how the types of employment have changed since 1982. Three categories Manufacturing; Transportation, Communication and Utilities; and Wholesale, Retail - make up a smaller percentage of employment in 1988 than in 1982. Construction, Finance, Insurance, Real Estate, and Services all made up a larger percentage of employment in 1988. As may be expected Midland County has a highly trained and heavily professionally oriented work force. Table 26, Employment by Occupations, indicates that a large 70 percent of the work force consists of professional, technical, managerial and administrative workers. The dominance of Dow Chemical Company and Dow Corning Corporation is very evident in these figures. TABLE 25 EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY-HISTORICAL PERCENT OF TOTAL EMPLOYMENT - MIDLAND COUNTY 1982. 1985 % Change 1982-1985 1988 % Change 1985-1988 Construction 4.9% 5.8% 28.1% 8.7% 66.8% Manufacturing 49.6% 46.1% -2.1% 44.3% 8.1% Transportation,Communication, Utilities 3.1% 1.8% -37.6% 1.0% -35.0% Wholesale, Retail 18.1% 17.2% 1.6% 17.3% 13.8% Finance, Insurance Real Estate 3.1% 3.4% 17.4% 3.3% 9.7% Services 21.0% 24.6% 24.8% 25.0% 14.5% Industry SOURCE: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. County Business Patterns, 1982, 1985, 1988 TABLE 26 EMPLOYMENT BY OCCUPATIONS - 1990 - MIDLAND COUNTY Occupational Group % of All Occupations Executive, Administrative and Managerial 11 .8 Professional Specialty 20.4 Technicians and Related Support 5.1 Sales 9.5 Administrative Support, Clerical 14.2 Private Household Occupations 0.6 Protective Services 1.2 Service Occupations - Except Household and Private Farming, Forestry, Fishing 11 .5 1.2 Precision Production, Craft and Repair 12.3 Machine Operators, Assemblers, Inspectors 6.2 Transportation and Material Moving 3.0 Handlers, Equipment, Cleaners, Helpers and Laborers 3.0 100.0 Total SOURCE: 1990 U.S. Census of Population D-29 �Income by Jurisdiction Since a majority of the future employment in targeted industries also involve these workers, this trend can be expected to continue. However, the growth of these categories may be moderated should the auto industry capture a larger share of overall employment. Table 27 provides a breakdown of income by jurisdiction. Higher incomes tend to be found in the City of Midland and adjacent "urbanizing" townships. The City of Midland has the highest median family income and Larkin Township has the highest median household income. TABLE 27 1989 ESTIMATED INCOME BY JURISDICTION - MIDLAND COUNTY Jurisdictions Median Family Income > Townships: Edenville Median Household Income $31,506 $29,167 Geneva $34,107 $30,687 Greendale $25,764 $23,911 Homer $36,953 $34,280 Hope $31,875 $28,478 Ingersoll $36,118 $34,299 Jasper $27,708 $24,050 Jerome $32,393 $29,692 Larkin $49,294 $47,500 Lee $23,665 $22,547 Lincoln $33,558 $31,574 Midland $36,304 $35,042 Mills $26,898 $25,559 Mt. Haley $35,461 $29,844 Porter $26,875 $25,795 Warren $28,750 $26,006 TOTAL TOWNSHIPS $33,393 $30,997 Cities Nill ages: Coleman City $29,529 $19,271 Midland City $49,387 $39,087 Sanford Village $33,409 $29,375 $40,028 $33,948 Coun~ SOURCE: 1990 U.S. Census of Population D-30 • -I ~ I I 1 I I -, - 1 I �I I I • • •I I • • • • • • - nonresidential building permits was issued in 1982 when 661 permits were issued and construction cost totaled $6,460,712. The largest annual percentage increase occurred between 1983 and 1984 when construction cost increased by 167.6 percent - even though the number of permits decreased during the same period. The average annual number of nonresidential building permits issued between 1980 and 1990 was 786, and the average annual cost was $19,147,636.3. A total of 8,648 nonresidential building permits were issued during the period. Building Construction Between 1980 and 1990 the amount of construction in Midland County increased a substantial amount. Table 28 shows the number of residential units built during the period as well as the construction cost. Table 28 also shows the number of nonresidential building permits issued for each year between 1980 and 1990 as well as the construction cost. Demolitions and totals are also shown. In 1989 there were 401 residential building permits issued - the largest annual amount issued during the period. The largest annual construction cost was in the following year (1990), with a residential construction cost of $38,562,247. The year with the smallest quantity of building permits issued was 1982, when 142 residential building permits were issued. The lowest residential construction cost also occurred in 1982 when $8, 176,562 was spent on residential construction in Midland County. The largest percentage increase in residential construction occurred betwe~n 1982 and 1983 when the number of building permits increased by 94.4 percent and the cost increased by 126.4 percent. The average number of residential building permits issued between 1980 and 1990 was 280.8 and the average cost of construction was $23,671,725.50. The total number of residential permits issued was 3,089. The largest number of nonresidential building permits issued between 1980 and 1990 occurred in 1989, when 865 permits were issued. The largest annual construction cost occurred in 1990 with a nonresidential construction cost of $38,867,046. The smallest number of Between 1980 and 1990 there were a total of 359 demolition permits issued in Midland County. The peak year was in 1989, when 51 permits were issued. In 1983 there were 12 permits issued - the lowest figure for the period . The total columns on Table 28 are based on the number of residential permits, nonresidential permits and demolition permits. The total costs are based on residential costs and nonresidential costs. The two types of construction are not directly tied to the other, but that relationship does exist. Due to the recent economic slowdown it is difficult to predict if the construction increases will continue or if they have peaked at the current levels. D-31 - -- - -- - �TABLE 28 BUILDING PERMITS AND CONSTRUCTION IN MIDLAND COUNTY: 1980-1990 I>. i? .· ::: . . ·.Jtesidential : }!i;•! l(~ar " . . : : ;m t.JotJ/ . T:..¢ost . $14,590,866 182 I ·- -------- I ---- I 909 918 24,911,073 825 14,637,274 1,078 27,331,343 1,129 45,435,389 1,115 37,147,672 1,232 41,322,260 1,056 54,972,931 1,247 56,032,524 51 ---------------------------- 1,317 70,225,417 38,867,046 38 ---- 1,270 77,429,293 ------- 12,096 434,012,979 1,099.6 $39,455,725.4 12,323,763 715 12,587,310 21 142 I 8,176,562 661 6,460,712 22 276 I 18,512,349 790 8,818,994 12 11984 323 I 21,834,841 777 23,600,548 29 5 241 I 19,082,101 18,065, 571 28 -1986 1987 -1988 - 282 I 24,048,332 846 921 17,273,928 29 303 I 31,444,666 705 23,528,265 48 358 I 35,263,549 849 20,768,975 40 401 I 36,549,704 33,675,713 374 I 38,562,247 865 858 I 1982 1983 I\) 207 I ~ql}> r }f C6$( < A:i: ·J:..¢;6st ).< t - - - $6,976,937 1981 l, · No? Demolition/>·•· 661 I 1980 0 I I I .,. Nowesidential.. 41 1989 -1990 -Total 3,089 $260,388,980 8,648 $210,623,999 359 Average 280.8 I $23,671,725.5 786 $19,147,636.3 32.6 -- I I $21,567,803 SOURCE: Estimates with imputation; Construction Statistics Division, U.S. Bureau of Census . . . . 1111 _, 1111 . . . . . . - - • .,.,. �I I I I I I I • employment projections were developed by Woods and Poole Economics, Inc. and are calibrated to the 1990 Census. An analysis of Table 29 is included under the section describing Future Labor Force, page D-39. Employment Projections Projections of employment in Midland County are presented in Table 29. The TABLE 29 EMPLOYMENT PROJECTIONS - MIDLAND COUNTY ., '.•: .. 'l(, 1990 '"•:• 1995\: . 2005 ···' 2000 2010 2015 19902015 :: : .•· Change 40,620 45,110 47,440 49,440 51 ,140 52,540 29.3 550 520 500 480 460 440 -20.0 40,070 44,590 46,940 48,970 50,680 52,100 30.0 36,640 41,040 43,390 45,430 47,180 48,660 32.8 170 170 170 180 180 190 11 .8 30 30 40 40 40 40 33.3 3,780 4,030 4,200 4,340 4,460 4,540 20.1 12,950 13,480 14,190 14,760 15,200 15,540 20.0 Transportation, Communications, & Public Utilities 580 580 570 550 530 510 -12.1 'Nholesale Trade 530 590 700 800 910 1,000 88.7 Retail Trade 4,740 7,000 7,340 7,630 7,890 8,100 70.9 Finance, Insurance & Real Estate 1,690 1,760 1,820 1,880 1,920 1,950 15.4 12,180 13,380 14,360 15,260 16,070 16,780 37.8 3,440 3,550 3,550 3,530 3,500 3,440 0.0 Federal Civilian 160 160 170 180 180 190 18.8 Federal Military 170 160 150 140 130 130 ·23.5 3,110 3.230 3.230 3,220 3,180 3,130 Total Employment Farm Non-Farm Private Employment Agricultural Services Mining Construction Manufacturing Services Government Employment State & Local SOURCE: Woods & Poole (1992) D-33 0.6 �- Future Economic Development Development Strategy - The Midland County Economic Development Corporation (MCEDC) contracted with the Battelle Institute, a private research company, for an analysis and recommendations regarding the economic development of the Midland County area. As a result of the Battelle analysis, a group of "targeted" industries was identified. A targeted industry is one in which attraction (or retention) efforts should be concentrated and which best matches the County's strengths to growth-oriented industries. Since the analysis was performed the list of target industries has changed very little. Targeted manufacturing identified were: - industries Plastic and Rubber Products Electronic Components Electric Lighting, Wiring Equipment Motor Vehicles, Parts Soap, Detergents. Cleaning Preparations Drugs _ Instruments _ Paints, Varnishes & Allied Products _ Electrical Machinery Metal Forgings - Miscellaneous Fabricated Materials _ Electrical-Industrial Apparatus _ General Industrial Machinery _ Fiber Optics - nonmanufacturing Specialized Repair and Supply Services - Electronics - Laboratory Equipment To implement the activities designed to attract the targeted industries and to carry out a range of other development activities, the Midland County Growth Council (MCGC) was formed. Established under the State of Michigan's Community Growth Alliance program, the MCGC was organized into three service delivery groups, which provide economic development assistance to businesses throughout the County. _ _ _ _ _ Targeted include: Data Processing Professional Organizations Headquarters, Administrative Functions Regional Headquarters for Insurance and Banking Professional Support Retention and attraction efforts and related activities were concentrated in the Area Development Office (ADO), through the Midland County Economic Development Corporation. The Small Business Assistance Center (SBAC) was run by the Midland Chamber of Commerce while the Local Procurement Office (LPO), which assisted companies in securing government contracts, was handled on the Tri-County level (Midland, Bay, Saginaw) by the Saginaw Area Community Growth Alliance. In June of 1991 the Midland County Growth Council and the Midland County Economic Development Corporation merged to form the Midland County Economic Growth and Development Corporation (MCEGDC). activities Business Services Software Development -I -I I I I I I I I I I I I D-34 I �I •I I I I I I • • • • • Another goal of the Convention and Visitors Bureau is to form a cooperative working relationship between local governments, private sector leadership, trade and civic associations, and individual suppliers (hotels, motels, restaurants, entertainment, etc.). This supportive network helps build Midland County's visitor and convention industry. Industrial Parks Midland County is home to a variety of industrial and research parks. There are currently eight existing parks and one research park. There are 22 industrial park lots currently available for construction and five available research park lots. Ownership of the parks varies, as does certification between the parks. For details concerning individual parks refer to Table 30. Map 7 shows the general locations of the industrial and research parks. Within the Bureau are three special committees - Amateur Sports Capital, Meetings and Tours, and Promotion and Advertising. These committees develop the strategies used to attract the four target groups to the Midland area. Tourism The Bureau solicits the four target groups to take advantage of Midland County's many resources. Once a group has chosen Midland County as a destination, the Bureau assists the group in preplanning the event and helps to arrange for accommodations in one of the Midland area's 590 sleeping rooms. The Convention and Visitors Bureau also provides promotional materials and any other assistance a group may require . Midland County offers a large variety of activities that are not only designed to entertain area residents, but to attract visitors from other parts of the state and country as well. In 1984 Midland County established a Convention and Visitors Bureau to supplement the area's Chamber of Commerce and to enhance and promote the area as a destination point for visitors. The Bureau currently has a full-time staff of two and receives additional assistance from the Chamber of Commerce. . The Convention and Visitors Bureau has targeted four primary groups to attract to Midland County. These include: • • • • The Convention and Visitors Bureau is primarily funded by a two percent assessment levied on hotel and motel room charges. In 1990, $117,000 was derived through this assessment. The importance of the Bureau can be seen by the amount of money and jobs created through tourism. In 1986 the U.S. Travel Data Center reported that tourism accounted for $52 million in direct sales and 1, 100 direct jobs in Midland County. The Center established a multiplier of 0.78 that raises the total sales to nearly $100 million and the total number of tourism related jobs to nearly 2000. The Bureau estimates that since Meeting and convention planners Sports events planners Motor coach operators Individual visitors The primary goal of attracting these groups is to diversify the County's economic base by increasing the number of visitors to Midland County - especially overnight visitors. D-35 �11 TABLE 30 MIDLAND COUNTY INDUSTRIAL AND RESEARCH PARKS '}{::;::::;;::::: Yea? t Opened •·• 0I I MEDC/MCEDC 1971 39 16 16 0 Class A Industrial Park The Lincoln Industrial Park I N. Kaweck 1973 40 6 5 1 No City Water Venture Drive I D. Johnson 1976 15 12 12 O I No City Water Larkin Commercial Park I J. Johnson 1986 40 13 5 North Point - Phase I I D. Johnson 1987 25 19 19 Fox Hill Park - Phase I I J. Bartos 1988 40 4 2 Midland Development Park 8 I No City Water o I Many Retail Developments 2 I No City Water 11 I Class A Certified Industrial Park Eastwick Industrial Park MCEGDC and 338 Corp. 1988 85 18 7 Water Tower Center F. Gerace 1988 48 I As Needed (2) All I Old Martin-Marietta Plant 22 w 0) TOTAL 8 332 88 66 44 10 5 5 I Class A Technology Park 44 10 5 5 Research Parks Eagle Ridge - Phase I TOTAL MCEGDC 1989 SOURCE: Midland County Economic Growth and Development Corporation (MCEGDC) �• C: a:: GLADWIN COU~HY ci a:: ~~~-.-:..-;_..-......_-t-:-"'-t-""9'11"--:,;...-+ro-.:,_,.._+.:. 1 .: _.. . '~ - ~ I I ., _ ~ i z :::> 0 (._) - --r- -1I:.....::::t:I i - T- - - I i~v•. - - - ·-.·. ··.; r0 z a.. <( ~ --t--. ...... I •. ~,;. 't- ---,._. . ··-., ·.. I . .·· ···- ..; ·· -...., 1 . ' ffi. ,:·,; : 'l ......"'f-r~"""""1~~__,,~.......,,----h_......,,--_ ' RD. -~~---,-~· a:: >- 1- .•. a.~.:· i 0 • C4RTIS ci ---, ---, z • , CURTIS •R INDUSTRIAL & RESEARCH PARKS MIDLAND COUN1Y, MICHIGAN . ...-:- .-.......-t----.:::"':!S:ir-- .,.~~r--=----;,.,,_~"'t-'-:1<;...~~ . ' -·-r-· I ' -~--- LEGEND 1:• ~ ··. \ ><( co >z 1- :::, 0 (._) 10 8 r ,, 1 2 3 LINCOLN 4 LARKIN COMMERCIAL PARK 5 NORTH POINT 6 7 8 9 FOX 10 11 UNIVERSAL PARK 12 EAGLE RIDGE CENTENNIAL DRIVE INDUSTRIAL PARK VENTURE DRIVE PHASE HILL PARK EASTWICK - ROCKWELL WATER PARK - PHASE PHASE I INDUSTRIAL PARK TOWER DISCOVERY CENTER SQAURE - PHASE d a: a:: ~ 0 a! f JAS~~; D. ,. -'--- • ci a: I ---.L--1 RD. I l-,---+---t---:,---:'t---1----r - - ·- ci a:: I . . ~ 'J <( _J _J w C) z ► au ICEN 'i: w ► VI ...J . "'0 '!: "' ~,. C CIC ci a:: "'.J "'...J 'i .I GRATIOT C 'i: <( z "'"' "' "' ~ ,,----1 MIDLAND CCUNTY - .., ' ci a:: a: a:: 0 <( Vl 0 6250 12500 25000 37500 Gove ..1..\ssociates lnco ITTABAII SAGINAW ci a:: SOURCE: C) "' ci a: I C/1 3: ..."' da:: I: ~ u ' ---+-- - ="'... ...z "'"'0 a: COUNTY 1601 Portage Street Kalamuoo, Michigan 49001 0-37 �• • • • • • • • • • • • hockey. Additionally, over 20 outdoor ice skating rinks exist, four toboggan runs, cross-country skiing and a curling center associated with the Midland Community Center. 1986 tourism related income has increased between five and 15 percent annually. This estimate is based in part on the increase in room assessment fees the Bureau has received annually since 1986. Midland has 16 soccer fields - a sport that is increasing in popularity - to serve the needs of residents and visitors alike. Midland is also the home of the Dolphins - a swimming team - and offers yearround swimming at the Midland Community Center and local hotels as well as outdoor swimming at two municipal pools and beaches at local parks. While the Convention and Visitors Bureau has four primary target groups, the Bureau has also established a primary target area - Southeastern Michigan and Northern Ohio. This area has been chosen because of the large population base and the relatively short travel time . The short distance to Midland is being used to attract visitors interested in long weekend visits - an option that more people are choosing as a vacation option. In 1989, 55 percent of all vacation trips taken in 1989 lasted three nights or less and nearly half of all vacation trips were taken over a weekend. This, along with the area's many attractions, is one of the details used to attract visitors to the Midland County area. . Sport Fishing Sport fishing in Midland County is a growing industry due to the quality of fishing and recent national recognition. In the November 1986 issue of 1.n.: Fisherman, Midland County was called ''The Best Fall Walleye Fishing in North America," but fall is not the only season for fishing in Midland County. The walleye run in the fall and spring and May is the best time of the year for white bass fishing. A large variety of fish can be caught in the summer. Fishing in Midland County is concentrated in the Tittibawasee River and Sanford Lake. Sanford Lake is a blocked portion of the Tittibawasee River that is 11 miles long and covers 1,250 acres. According to the Midland County Convention and Visitors Bureau more than $1 million was invested in capital and local fish planting between 1977 and 1987. Two-thirds of the anglers come from the Bay-MidlandSaginaw area. Annual walleye fishing tournaments are held to promote tourism and recreation use. The Bureau's goals for sport fishing include attracting 20,000 The details used to attract sporting event planners to the area are numerous. Midland has 17 softball diamonds and 1o baseball diamonds for men's, women's and youth fast and slow pitch ball. Midland was the 1991 host of the National and World Championship Softball Tournament. The Midland Community Tennis Center has 32 tennis courts - 16 of which are indoor. The Center has a teaching staff, a pro shop and sponsors many major tournaments. In addition to the Community Tennis Center there are over 40 additional tennis courts throughout the area. Midland has two indoor ice arenas for figure skating, speed skating or ice D-38 �I some industries may have objectionable aspects needing large acreage for buffering, coupled with the availability of land at lower costs, lower taxes and a community willing to grant incentives, may enhance development potential in outlying areas. fishing enthusiasts per year, to generate 34 new jobs, and to create a flow of $1,350,000 per year in the local economy. Additionally, a new walleye rearing pond is being investigated and a fishing map that lists access sites, campgrounds, motels, restaurants, boat servicing and tackle shops is being jointly produced by Midland and Saginaw counties. Future Labor Force Given the targeted industries and the development potential of the County, some implications for the labor force that will be needed can be estimated. As seen in Table 26, the Employment By Occupations, the labor force of the County is heavily oriented toward white collar employment; Craft and Kindred and Operatives make up less than 30 percent of the work force. Several of the targeted industries, on the other hand, require blue collar laborers in large numbers. Others will require additional skilled laborers. Therefore, it may be expected that the need for workers in the Craft and Kindred and Operatives occupations will increase. Finally, the Convention and Visitors Bureau is promoting Midland County as a destination for motor coach operators. This type of vacation plan is increasing in popularity in the Midwest. With Midland County's many sites of interest, festivals and central location in Michigan it is an ideal destination for motor coach tours. Development Issues Since the Economic Growth and Development Corporation operates on a county-wide basis, a number of development issues have been identified as needing attention. Among these issues is the need for cooperation between the City of Midland and the rest of the County, particularly with regard to availability of land and utilities. In this regard, more involvement by the townships will be needed. One significant vehicle to increase cooperative efforts will be the County Economic Growth and Development Corporation. I I I I I I I I 1 I The future employment projections listed in Table 29 describe the changes that will likely occur in the composition of the County's labor force. The overall number of employees working in Midland County by 2015 is expected to increase by 11,920 or 29.3 percent. During the same period (between 1990 and 2015), the County's working age population (16-64 years of age) is projected to increase by 16, 151 persons. Comparing existing and projected ratios of working aged people to jobs, it is apparent that there will be a lower ratio of jobs to people in 2015. In 1990 there were 40,620 full-time and part-time The need for cooperation may become apparent should surrounding or outlying communities promote their areas for growth to increase their tax base. As noted in the Industrial Siting section, development in nonutility service areas has the potential for long term environmental problems. The fact that D-39 l 1 l l l �• • • • • • • • • employees in the County. This indicates that 81.9 percent of the 49,576 residents between the ages of 16 and 64 were employed in 1990. In 2015 total employment (full-time and part-time} is projected to be 52,540. This represents 79.9 percent of the County population of 16-64 year olds (65,727) in 2015. If the ratio of jobs to working aged residents is to remain at 1990 levels (i.e. 81.9%) there will need to be 53,830 jobs in 2015, or 1,290 jobs more than the 52,540 projected. If those jobs are not available in the County, then the unemployment rate can be expected to be higher than the current rate, or workers will leave the area in search of other employment, thereby reducing the labor force and retaining a lower rate of unemployment. 70 jobs. All other private sector forms of employment are expected to increase. While the overall employment projections indicate that employment will increase in Midland County not all areas will increase. Private employment is projected to increase by 12,020 employees (32.8%), but government employment ls expected to remain the same. While government employment is projected to remain the same, there will be fewer military employees, more federal civilian employees and slightly more state and local employees. Employment projections for the private sector vary considerably between the categories on Table 29. The largest shifts in employment (gains and losses) are projected to occur in the private sector. Farm employment is projected to experience the largest decrease (110 fewer jobs) of all the employment categories. The second largest numeric loss is expected to occur in transportation, communications and public utilities employment with a loss of Other areas where a high rate of private sector growth is projected to occur include manufacturing, which is projected to increase by 2,590, or 20.0 percent. Retail trade is expected to increase by 3,360 or 70.9 percent and construction employment is projected to increase by 760, or 20.1 percent. Wholesale trade is expected to increase by 470 employees and finance, insurance and real estate employment is projected to increase by 260 employees. One of the main reasons that private employment is projected to increase is due to the dramatic employment increases expected in the service industries. Employment in service related fields is expected to increase by 4,600 or 37 .8 percent. It is projected that by 2015, 37.8 percent of employment will be in service related fields. Currently 29.6 percent of employment is in service related fields. These figures indicate that people currently employed in farming, transportation, communications and public utilities, will either leave Midland County or find alternate employment in service related fields . Industrial Siting Given the targeted list of industrial and service products of the Battelle Development Strategy, and taking into account the development constraints present, the following site criteria for industrial growth are most relevant for Midland County. 1. Utilities and Energy Supplies - With the exception of the electronics and D-40 �Constraints data processing industries, large volumes of water and sewer usage may be required for each targeted industry group. While water may be available outside of the City of Midland or the Midland Urban Growth Area, the availability of sewage disposal is limited. Energy supplies ~.e., gas and electricity) may be limited outside of urbanized locations and power transmission corridors. While significant advantages exist for new industrial development, particularly in the areas of quality of life and labor force, Mure development potential may be significantly constrained in the County by the following factors. Utilities This is the most significant hindrance to growth in the County. Without public sewer and water the range and intensity of industrial and commercial uses will continue to be limited. 2. Transportation - For each of the targeted industries, possibly excluding data processing, availability of an efficient transportation network, especially highway and rail access, is essential. The U.S. 10 Corridor, and the CSX Railroad serving the chemical industry, fulfills this requirement. While the Midland Urban Growth Area (MUGA) has been effective in concentrating development within the City of Midland it is apparent that annexations will continue to be contested by some surrounding units of government. In addition, these governments have some policies that indicate the promotion of new development. Should this development materialize without public utilities a significant potential for environmental problems exists. 3. Hazardous/Industrial Wastes - A major factor, particularly in the drug and chemical industries, is the availability of disposal sites for hazardous wastes. While Dow Chemical has provided its own facility, its availability for other chemical processors or drug manufacturers is uncertain. 4. Land Use Policies - In nearly all of the townships where utilities are not available the limitations on growth for industrial facilities are recognized. The availability of the other criteria, as noted in this section, tends to reinforce those policies. However, as residential development increases in some townships the need for increased tax base to support this development may create a more aggressive posture toward attracting new industrial and commercial development. D-41 -I I I I I I I I I I 1 Transportation 1 New inventory and production procedures, particularly those such as the "Just In Time" supplier system where inventories of production facilities are deliberately kept at a minimum, make transportation networks a critical item. Midland County is disadvantaged in that the regional north-south link to other industrial markets, I-75, is some distance from the County, although a suitable connection does exist. In addition, no major regional east-west link is available. I 1 1 1 l , �• • • • • • • • • • 1987 dollars increase at a much smaller rate. Between 1990 and 2015 the percapita income is projected to increase by 274.1 percent {current dollars), and the mean household income is projected to increase by 205.4 percent {current dollars). Using the 1987 dollars figure the per-capita income is projected to increase by 33.5 percent and the mean household income is expected to increase by 9.0 percent. This indicates that each household will be able to purchase 9 percent more with a pay check in 2015 than was possible in 1990 . Income Projections The income projections for Midland County (Table 31) were compiled by Woods and Poole Economics, Inc. The per-capita income and the mean household income are projected to the year 2015 and are shown in current dollar figures and 1987 dollar figures. The 1987 dollar figures are listed to show the actual spending power increase of per-capita incomes and mean household incomes. Figure 10 graphically demonstrates that while current dollar figures rise sharply the figures based on TABLE 31 MIDLAND COUNTY PER-CAPITA AND MEAN HOUSEHOLD INCOME PROJECTIONS "' 1989 Current Dollars ·•·-:-· ·.•. 1987 Dollars · Midland Qounty Per Capita Income Mean Household Income· 1990 $19,729 $52,746 $17,200 $45,986 1995 $23,872 $61,879 $17,138 $44,423 2000 $31,922 $79,413 $18,673 $46,455 2005 $42,544 $101,353 $20,163 $48,035 2010 $56,588 $129,070 $21,728 $49,559 2015 $73,811 $161,104 $22,961 $50,117 SOURCE: Woods and Poole {1992) D-42 Mean Per Capn.a Household ·••·-••·1ncome Income �FIGURE 10 MIDLAND COUNTY PER CAPITA INCOME PROJECTIONS AND MEAN HOUSEHOLD INCOME PROJECTIONS INCOME ( $1000) MEAN HOUSEHOLD INCOME (CURRENT DOLLARS) 175 150 125 100 PER CAPITA INCOME (CURRENT DOLLARS) 75 -I I I I I I I 50 e---.---..---'"'!::'7"o:::;;..,._.,____,. MEAN I 25 a:::::==~--..---......- -.....--◄ PER I 1 I 1 1 I l HOUSEHOLD INCOME (1982 DOLLARS) CAPITA INCOME (1982 O - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - DOLLARS) 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 YEAR SOURCE: Woods & Poole, 1992 0-43 l 1 �• • • •I •I • • • Planning_ and Development Relationships �II I •II I • • • • • • PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT RELATIONSHIPS Michigan Recreation Action Program. 1987-88. Michigan Department of Natural Resources: The Action Program was an element of the Recreation Plan and described events of the previous year as well as expected events for the coming year. Due to reduced funding the Federal government no longer requires this portion of the recreation plan. Since it is no longer required, the Action Program was discontinued. The purpose of this section is to describe and analyze plans formulated by other governmental bodies and agencies which have some relevance to or affect on Midland County. This is accomplished in order to ensure that the greatest degree of coordination between the various planning initiatives is obtained. It is important to recognize that the planning authority of the County is a part of a broad range of other governmental and quasi-governmental authorities . The Recreation Division of the Michigan Department of Natural Resources updated the criteria for project selection in 1990 in two separate publications entitled The Michigan Natural Resource Trust Fund Criteria and Guidelines" and "Michigan's Land and Water Conservation Fund Project Selection Process. The reports list the criteria used to select proposals for these two programs. The criteria are identical for both programs and use a point system for weighing the importance of the various criteria. A summary of the criteria is shown in Table 32 . State of Michigan Plans The State of Michigan conducts planning initiatives in a number of functional areas relating to state-wide needs. For the purpose of this Plan these areas have been divided into three categories; Recreation, Transportation, Natural Resources and Environment. Recreation Michigan Recreation Plan, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, 1985: This plan identifies overall state-wide recreation goals. Midland County is included with Isabella, Gratiot, Saginaw and Bay counties as a planning region. Therefore, the data in the Plan includes these other counties, known as Region 7A. The Recreation Division of the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) is currently updating the State's Recreation Plan. A draft of the plan update was completed in 1991 as Appendix B of the 1991-1996 Michigan Recreation Plan. The three main grant programs that relate to recreation in Michigan are: - Protecting Michigan's Future Quality of Life Bond - Michigan Natural Resources Trust Fund Michigan's Land Conservation Fund and Water Since 1987 there have been several recreational projects in the County that have used these programs for recreational funding. In 1987, the City of Midland received a Federal Land and E-1 �Natural Resources Trust Fund grant for acquiring land for the Sanford County Park. Water Conservation grant to construct a boat launch and river walk. In 1988, the City received a land acquisition grant through the National Resources Trust Fund for the Chippewa Lagoon property. Also in 1988, the County obtained a In 1989, the City of Midland participated in the Recreation Bond Program to renovate Plymouth Pool. TABLE 32 SUMMARY OF CRITERIA FOR PROJECT SELECTION Use of Significant Natural Resources Use of Water Resources Special Populations Proximity to Urban Population 40 30 30 20 50 Response to Proposal to Identified Recreational Needs Applicant Need for Project County and Regional Needs as Identified in the State Recreation Plan I 60 Response of Proposal to Statewide Recreation Issues 35 15 40 Capability of Applicant Performance on Past Grants Commitment to Recreation 30 10 Site and Project Quality 30 Special Initiatives of the Department 20 Financial Need of the Applicant 10 Local Match 1o TOTAL POSSIBLE MAXIMUM POINTS -I -I 220 I I I /I I I I I I I ,1 SOURCE: Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Recreation Division E-2 'I �Michigan Trails System Plan. 1980. Michigan Department of Natural Resources: The purpose of this plan is to outline programs for the development of recreational trail systems for bicycling, hiking, snowmobiling, horseback riding, off-road vehicles and cross-country skiing. Four development alternatives are presented, with no particular preference stated. The alternatives are: - The following list of recreational activities are currently adequate in Midland County: --- 1. More trails on State lands and more trails on non-State land with State support. 2. More trails on State land, no State support for non-State trails. 3. No new trails on State land, increased State spending for nonState trails. 4. Present development continued. Local park land Ballfields Outdoor basketball courts Golf courses Outdoor ice rinks Picnic areas Playgrounds Sledding hills Soccer fields Outdoor swimming pools Regionally, the area is deficient in many recreational opportunities as listed below: system --- The only direct notation of Midland County is a ma·p showing a portion of a long distance off-road vehicle trail starting in the Sanford area and continuing north into Gladwin County and beyond. Another plan that deals with trails in Michigan was published in March 1992. The Michigan Trails Initiative Plan will be important to Midland County since the County is undertaking a rails-to-trails project. This report is Appendix C of the 1991-1996 Michigan Recreation Plan. Boat launches Campgrounds Cross-country ski trails Fishing access Fishing piers Hiking trails Horseback riding trails ORV areas and trails Snowmobile trails Swimming beaches The only recreational activities adequately served in the region are nature areas, nature trails and land available for snowmobiles. The 1985-1990 Recreation Plan lists county-wide recreational deficiencies and regional deficiencies, which are the following: - Indoor ice rinks Rifle ranges Shotgun ranges Tennis courts Midland County has 41,953 acres (or 65.55 square miles) of State land - 83 acres in State boating/fishing sites and 41,867 acres in State forests. Archery ranges Bicycle trails E-3 �Transportation Plan in that duplication of services is minimized and different transportation systems are related to air travel - both passenger and cargo. Transportation Michigan State Transportation Plan. 1982-1990, 1982, Michigan Department of Transportation: This important document represents a description of the goals and policies of the State Transportation Commission for the 19821990 period. In doing so, the plan identifies transportation needs, programs, funding resources and priorities and management of resources. One policy direction of the plan of interest to Midland County, as it is to all local governments, is the emphasis on increasing the role of local government in transportation funding and service. The plan also links the roles of transportation and economic development. The plan has three parts that directly relate to the Airport System Plan. One relates to general aviation facilities, such as Jack Barstow Airport; the second is an Air Service Study and relates to commercial airports such as Tri-City International Airport; the third portion of the Plan deals with heliports. Information relating directly to the area's airports can be found in the Transportation section of this plan report. Natural Resources and Environment Michigan's Forest Resources, Direction for the Future. 1983, Michigan Department of Natural Resources: Early in Michigan's history forestry management was nonexistent. Wholesale clearing of timber resources decimated the logging economy of the area. In the years since, the national and state perspective on forestry resources has shifted from neglect to protection and management. This plan recognizes the economic value of forest resources while supporting increased management of forest lands. It should be noted that within the context of the plan, recreation is also recognized as a significant use of forested lands. The plan will not be updated until sometime between 1993 and 1995. Currently, the method in which the plan will be updated is being studied and discussed. The Michigan State Transportation Plan has several sections that have been updated or refined since 1982 - The three modal (Highway, Air, Public Transportation) investment plans are used to allocate resources to correct identified needs. The needs were identified in the 1984-1985 Michigan Highway and Non-motorized Needs Plan. In addition to these plans, an annual program is designed that lists improvements to be made on an annual basis. The Federal lntermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) of 1991 requires the Michigan Department of Transportation to prepare a state-wide transportation plan by January 1, 1995. Michigan's Oil and Gas fields. 1980. 1982, Michigan Department of Natural Resources: This inventory and statistical summary indicates that through 1980 (from 1925) Midland County had produced the second highest volume of oil production and number of oil wells of Michigan Aviation System Plan, Michigan Department of Transportation. 1990 2.QlQ: This plan relates to the State E-4 -I I -I I I I I I -I I -I I I �water and groundwater (including the Great Lakes), and trace metals in the environment. Issues ranked MediumHigh include contaminated sites, contaminated surface water sediments, generation and disposal of hazardous wastes, generation and disposal of highlevel radioactive waste, generation and disposal of low-level radioactive waste, generation and disposal of municipal and industrial solid waste, photochemical smog, and point-source discharges to surface water and groundwater (including the Great Lakes). Issues ranked Medium include accidental releases and responses, acid deposition, criteria and related air pollutants, and electromagnetic fields. any county in Michigan. New oil wells and production continues in Midland County but not at the rate of prior years. Michigan Solid Waste Policy, 1988. Michigan Department of Natural Resources: This policy describes the goals designed to decrease the State's dependence on landfills. A hierarchy of solid waste disposal has been established that is designed to promote the most cost-effective disposal alternatives first. The policy stresses waste reduction, reuse, composting, recycling and waste-to-energy projects. Any waste remaining after all of these options have been exhausted will be placed in landfills. The goals established in the policy extend to the year 2005. Regional Plans Michigan's Environment and Relative Risk: Based on the Relative Risk Analysis Project (RAAP), this report presents a ranking of relative risks of several environmental issues. Many of the issues have been and should be addressed in comprehensive land use planning and environmental and management programs. The RAAP ranked environmental issues into four levels. Issues r.anked High-High include absence of land use planning that considers resources and the integrity of ecosystems, degradation of urban environments, energy production and consumption (practices and consequences), global climate change, lack of environmental awareness, and stratospheric ozone depletion. Issues ranked High include alteration of surface water and groundwater hydrology (including the Great Lakes), atmospheric transport and deposition of air toxics, biodiversity/ habitat modification, indoor pollutants, nonpoint source discharges to surface Adjacent Counties Most plans for adjacent counties are outdated or in the process of being updated. A review of the comprehensive plans that are available did not reveal any land use conflicts. Other plans deal principally with economic development issues. The plans reviewed include: • E-5 Saginaw County Development Plan, 1970-1990 - Saginaw County's 1970 plan has not been updated. A new state prison has been built in Tittabawasee Township that will house 605 prisoners and employ 300 people. Since this township is adjacent to Midland County the prison will have a direct impact on Midland County, especially Ingersoll Township. The future expansion of the Tri-City International Airport will also effect Midland County, since the airport services Midland County, Bay �adjacent to Bay City are currently trying to encourage development. This can effect Midland County if the townships attract development that can occur in Midland County. A new 98-slip transient mooring site for pleasure boats has also been constructed in Bay County. County and Saginaw County. Tttabawasee and Richland townships have recently implemented new zoning ordinances - both townships are adjacent to Midland County. • • • Gladwin County Master Plan Gladwin County's master plan was updated in 1988. Currently the county is trying to adopt county-wide zoning - close coordination between counties will be necessary. Gladwin County has recently appointed a Parks Commission and is currently working on a recreation plan for the county. • Isabella County Comprehensive Plan (1986) - In addition to the comprehensive plan the county also has a solid waste management plan in place and a transportation study is currently underway. Future plans for Isabella County include studying the feasibility of a waste-to-energy program, cooperative planning in regards to drainage, and the construction of a county landfill (currently all solid waste is shipped out of the county). Clare County - Clare County has no master plan and an inactive planning commission. Currently the East Central Planning and Development Commission is working on a plan for the county. The county is also planning on reactivating the planning commIss1on. Clare County has a solid waste management plan that has been approved by the M.D.N.R. East Central Michigan Planning and Development Region (ECMPDR) The ECMPDR (Region 7) has completed a number of plans with some relevance to Midland County. Bicycle Plan (1982): Following a general discussion of biking as a mode of transportation, a map is included which identifies roads the Michigan Department of Natural Resources recognizes as suitable for biking. Bay County - Bay County has no comprehensive plan at this time, but several other plans exist. One of the more major plans in the county is the solid waste management plan which was completed in 1990. Currently there is one landfill in Bay County, with another scheduled to begin operations. Other facts relating to both Bay County and Saginaw County include the improvements to U.S. 10 in 1990 - since many people live in one county and work in the other, especially commuters to Dow Chemical. Many of the townships Overall Economic Development Program (OEDP) Reports (1990): In order to qualify for grant funds which may be available through the Economic Development Administration (EDA), which is a part of the U.S. Department of Commerce, potential projects must be consistent with the annual OEDP. The OEDP also describes a general development strategy which presents a historical perspective as well as future E-6 ''I I I I 'I I i I -I 'I - �• • •II directions. The only Midland County project that was listed in the 1990 OEDP was the M-20 economic development project. and utilization of the area's natural resources. Another regional plan that can affect Midland County is the Remedial Action Plan for Saginaw River and Saginaw Bay. Although the Saginaw River does not run through Midland County, any areas in the Saginaw Bay Drainage Basin are included if they are known or suspected sources of contaminates to the Saginaw River and/or Saginaw Bay. The Midland County Planning Commission has prepared and adopted development plans for County facilities and capital improvements which include: Midland County Development Plans County Facilities Master Plan - 1990 Update - This plan prescribes a planning program for County buildings and facilities. It describes the status of planning, developing and maintaining each of the County facilities in accordance with ten successive development factors. The development factors include: 1) goal setting, 3) needs assessment, 3) data analysis, 4) project evaluation, 5) building concept plans, 6) architectural drawings, 7) final project cost, 8) construction schedule, 9) secured funding and 10) preventive maintenance program. Saginaw Bay Resource Conservation and Development Area An application is on file with the USDA Soil Conservation Service to develop a five- or ten-year regional plan (15 counties) and establish the Saginaw Bay Resource and Conservation Development Area. Problems relating to agriculture, water quality, recreation, transportation and recycling are to be addressed when the plan is funded. One of the objectives of the plan will be to promote economically viable and environmentally sound agricultural, forestry and related industries in the Saginaw Bay Resource Conservation and Development Area. A second objective is that an adequate supply of quality ground and surface water is available for domestic, livestock and recreational uses. Assuring that sufficient natural resource-based recreational oppor- tunities exist is the third objective of the proposed plan. The fourth objective is to provide economic opportunities with improved and expanded recreational and commercial transportation facilities. The final objective is to increase recycling opportunities to improve conservation Preventive Maintenance Program: All County facilities will require a preventive maintenance program. Those County facilities that have completed all of the development factors above except institution of a preventive maintenance program include: - County Fairground Structures County Services Building Courthouse Festival House Horizons Building Mosquito Control Facility Pinecrest Home Road Commission Office Building and Garages - Sanford Lake County Park Maintenance Building E-7 �costs for each year for the scheduled projects include: - Sanford Lake County Park Picnic Pavilion - Sheriff's Department Emergency Services Building - Veterans Memorial County Park Picnic Pavilion - Veterans Memorial County Park Restroom Building - West Midland County Park Restroom Building 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 $8,029, 157 $6,167,264 $2,876,261 $2,670,406 $2,532,849 $2,535,971 An additional $12,000,000 in nonscheduled new building construction brings the total expected capital outlay to $36,811,908. Other Development Factors: County buildings and facilities that are still in the planning stage of development include: New building construction and debt service costs comprise the largest percentage of the six-year capital improvement costs. - Animal Control Center Improvements - Children's Center - Chippewa River Access Site Improvements - County Fairground Structures (Future) - County Jail Expansion - Courthouse Exterior Restoration - Courthouse Maintenance and Storage Shed Relocation - Emergency Operations Center - Harbour House Improvements - Linear County Park Improvements - Manitou County Park Improvements - Mental Health Out-Patient Facility - Pine Haven Recreation Area Improvements - Road Commission Office Building and Garages (Future) - Sanford Lake County Park Pavilions - Sanford Lake County Park Storage Building - Veterans Memorial County Park Picnic Pavilions Comprehensive Community Corrections Plan The Midland County Comprehensive Community Corrections Plan includes data analyses, alternative to incarceration programs, and architectural programs for the construction and operation of a County jail and a juvenile detention and treatment facility (commonly referred to as a "Children's Center"). Alternatives for additional jail capacity are prescribed, as well as the planning steps to determine the treatment and counseling programs and the number of beds for a juvenile detention and treatment facility. Solid Waste Management Plan Capital Improvements Program The Midland County Solid Waste Management Plan Update was adopted in October 1988. The Plan includes both a five-year and 20-year program for recycling, resource recovery, and disposal of 400 tons of solid waste per The 1993-1998 Capital Improvements Program includes 100 capital improvements. The projects scheduled for 1993-1998 will cost $24,811,908. The E-8 -I I 'I I I I I I I I I I I I I I �for lower income families, and promoting greater coordination between local government units when dealing with housing issues. day for the year 2007. Specific programs are described in the Solid Waste Management section of this report. Affordable Housing Study for the Outcounty Area of Midland County Midland County Strategic Plan In September 1990 the County issued a report on the Midland County Strategic Plan. The document was prepared with input from the County Board of Commissioners, elected officials and department heads. The report covers all County functions, grouped into six sections: Data Base, Financial Data, Overall County Goals, Health and Human Services Goals, Justice and Public Safety Goals, Administrative and Management Goals and Physical and Economic Development Goals. The Midland County Housing Commission completed a housing study in 1991. The plan focuses its attention on "out-county" residents, or those Midland County residents that live outside the City of Midland. 1980 and 1990 Census data are used in the plan to describe the population of the County as well as housing statistics such as the median value of housing in Midland County. A 26-question survey was also used to obtain information from area residents. The Census information and survey results were used to create profiles for each of the townships in the County as well as the City of Coleman. The target population of the plan are households earning less than $30,000 annually. According to the survey conducted, 47' percent of out-county households meet this criteria. Similar to the Midland City's Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy, an affordability matrix is used to determine rent or monthly payments that are affordable to area residents. The plan anticipates that by 1996, an additional 2,464 to 2,954 housing units will be required in Midland County. Within this range approximately 41 percent should be single-family homes, 1O percent mobile homes, 11 percent duplexes and 38 percent should be multi-family dwellings. The man objectives of the plan are to create a new position aimed at coordinating all housing assistance programs in Midland County, create more subsidized housing opportunities The Midland County Comprehensive Plan should be compatible with and reinforced by the County Strategic Plan. Cooperation should exist between the two documents. In this regard the County Board of Commissioners should coordinate the following Strategic Plan actions with the County Planning Commission: E-9 • Senior Housing Needs {A-3) by the Council on Aging. • Permanent Mental Health Facilities (A-7) by the Midland-Gladwin Community Mental Health Services. • Common Data Base/Assessment Center (A-8, A-10, A-20) by the Midland-Gladwin Community Health Services, County Health Department and Michigan Department of Social Services. �~ • River Protection Plan New Program Design and Delivery {A-23) by the Cooperative Extension Service. • Environmental Protection (A-25) by the Cooperative Extension Service. • Infrastructure Improvements (D-1) by the Economic Development and Growth Corporation. • Research Capabilities (D-2) by the Economic Development and Growth Corporation. • Local Unit Cooperation (D-3) by the Economic Deve.lopment and Growth Corporation. • Information Systems Planning (D-9) by the County Planning Department. The Midland County River Protection Plan applies a model master plan to Homer Township to demonstrate how to use and preserve the river and stream corridors in the County. In addition to the master plan model, the plan report contains a set of model zoning standards and regulations for the townships to use in applying overlay zoning techniques to preserve and protect water quality, scenic resources, recreation access, and sensitive natural environments. The report also contains a "self-help" quidebook for developing a river protection plan for other communities. Local Government Plans • Each township, the Village of Sanford and the cities of Midland and Coleman have master plans, or comprehensive plans. These plans vary widely as to detail, information provided and degree of adequacy for planning purposes. Most, however, have either stated or inferred goals upon which their plans are· based. These goals have been synthesized and stated in general terms for the purpose of establishing goals for the County. Update and Formulate Other Planning Functions (D-10) by the County Planning Department. Recreation Plan 1988 Midland County's 1988 Recreation Plan is an updated plan as required by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources for recreation and park land acquisition funding. The plan is scheduled to be updated in 1993, however, it does serve as a guide for the use and preservation of park land. The plan report contains long-range and short-range goals, recreation concepts and standards, and an implementation program of recreation development and priorities. One significant problem that exists throughout the County is a general lack of consistency in the format and content of adopted master plans. Some of the inconsistencies and deficiencies noted include: - E-10 Lack of clearly stated goals. Inconsistent methodologies to determine existing and future land use, land use and population projections, economic development projections, or other related planning elements. ',_ -I I 'I , \- 1 'I ' 'I 'I �I • •II • • • • understanding of the many communities in Midland County has been compiled. These descriptions are in the Community Facilities section of this plan report. _ Mapping differences in scale and information depicted. _ Lack of coordination with surrounding governmental units. _ Use of questionable data. _ Out-dated plans. Agricultural Goals: Although not all areas in agricultural production may be considered as prime farmland, those areas under cultivation should be maintained and protected against the intrusion of low density residential uses and public utilities. From the information available some common goals, policies or directions were evident. These were used in the formulation of the overall County land use goals in the 1987 Land Use Plan. The Midland County Planning Department completed an inventory of County, municipal and township master plans in November 1992. The inventory (fable 33) shows that many of the plans need to be either updated or completely overhauled. Many of the community's plans consist of only land use plans these communities should prepare other elements in order to develop a broader information base and understanding of the community. Conflicts: A number of the master plans recognized the value of agriculture but noted that the soils were not particularly suited for extensive agricultural use. In those instances emphasis was placed on those areas which might be identified as prime agricultural land. Residential Goals: Where public water and sewer service availability is limited or nonexistent, residential use should be limited to large lots, generally one acre or greater. Municipal Goals and Policies An inventory of each community's master plan was conducted to determine areas of consistency and to identify any conflicts. Many of the goals and policies between communities that were either specifically listed or could be inferred were similar in nature; some were duplicated in two or more townships. Higher density residential development should be limited to locations with existing adequate sewer and water systems. Future areas should be planned where utilities might be provided at a later time. A range of housing styles and types should be provided. Mobile homes accommodate the need for lower cost housing, however, more detailed regulations are needed to ensure compatibility with other housing types. For the most part, the stated or inferred goals and policies of the municipalities were relatively consistent. The conflicts that do exist appear minor and are summarized below. Conflicts: No clear conflicts are evident although a number of plans identify mobile home development as an issue to be addressed. Several Through discussions with municipal officials a more thorough description and E-11 �TABLE 33 STATUS OF COUNTY, MUNICIPAL AND TOWNSHIP MASTER PLANS: NOVEMBER 1992 11 \ YfilliWtasB: · · .· · •,<·•·•· · · "'J;;~G!JJ ,, . :!l1!:11 !l: : 1: : : x~~:: :1 :::I '}!p:P4ited : : 1 111 1!! 1 . . r:~repa!~f ;:;;.;::< ;::: > i:!:l!t:: ::::\\it:i::·;):: : :::Ill:): ••F >:: . • · . ,tS,f••J,,. •·•·-•.·.···•·. ,.... !:I;} . :.: ··•. ·•·•\.)> .•. ,;:::t· Coleman City 1972 1991 Goals, Strategies, Parks Plan, Downtown Plan, Industrial Development Plan, Land Use Plan Edenville Township 19n 1988 Goals, Objectives, Land Use Plan Geneva Township 1975 Greendale Township 1980 1988 Land Use Plan Homer Township 1980 1987 Land Use Plan Hope Township 1974 Ingersoll Township 1982 1992 Land Use Plan Jasper Township 1981 1986 Land Use Plan Jerome Township 19n 1989 Land Use Plan Larkin Township 1982 1992 Goals, Objectives, Land Use Plan Lee Township 1974 1979 Land Use Plan Lincoln Township 1974 Midland City 1972 1991 Goals, Policies, Land Use Plan, Streets and Highways Plan Midland County 1974 1993 Goals, Policies, Land Use Plan, Transportation Plan, Housing Plan, Community Facilities Plan, Economic Development, Environmental Management, Planning Coordination Midland Township 1980 1992 Goals, Policies, Land Use Plan Mills Township 1983 1991 Goals, Objectives, Land Use Plan Mt. Haley Township 1975 Land Use Plan Porter Township 1983 Land Use Plan Sanford Village 1972 Land Use Plan, Thoroughfare Plan, Recreation Plan Warren Township 1984 Land Use Plan Statement of Intent I I Statement of Intent Land Use Plan SOURCE: Midland County Planning Department; Gove Associates Survey E-12 ----------~--~ I I I I I I I I I I I �• •II • •II • • • •II • where utilities are unavailable. Where possible industrial parks should be developed or planned in areas where utilities might be expected. plans report rapid increases in the use of mobile homes on individual lots and mobile home parks. Some townships state the need for more restrictive residential zoning classifications or mobile home regulations. Conflicts: Some degree of difference in industrial development occurred between community plans. Two relatively defined approaches are evident. In the majority of cases, the plans recognize that the potential for industrial development is limited by locational factors, such as highway and rail access, and by the lack of proper utilities. Commercial Goats: Commercial development should be limited to areas provided; generally located at major intersections or along major streets. Strip shopping areas should be discouraged . Commercial establishments should be limited to those which accommodate the immediate needs of local residents. Expanded shopping opportunities are available in Midland, Mt. Pleasant, Shepherd, Coleman and Sanford. Except for these communities there is a limited market for other than local residents' needs. Other plans indicate the need for industrial development to help the local economy and strengthen the tax base. In the case of Midland Township this policy is proper given its relationship to the City of Midland. Edenville and Greendale townships appear willing to accept Mure industrial development and have outlined the conditions under which that growth should occur. Conflicts: No major conflicts are evident in the recently updated city and township plans. The City of Midland and Larkin Township have coordinated their land use planning, thus eliminating the potential conflict in their previous master plans regarding the regional shopping center and its fringe commercial development north of U.S. 10. However, problems of strip commercial development still exist in the City of Midland and many of the townships. No resolution of these differences is necessary because the plans which identify strong economic growth as a goal have well reasoned approaches towards achieving their goals. Recreational Goals: Adequate recreational areas should be provided for all residents and visitors. Many areas have extensive recreational resources that should be maintained and preserved from appropriate development. Industrial Goals: Industrial development is limited because of a lack of utility service. Light industrial uses are appropriate in some instances but heavy industrial uses should be discouraged Conflicts: No conflicts are apparent in the recreational goals. E-13 �Coleman Strategic Plan Environmental Goals: Natural areas, including forest resources, floodplains, river areas, lakes and shore lines, should be preserved from development. The use of these areas for private recreation should be encouraged as a way to preserve these resources. In July 1991 the City of Coleman completed its strategic plan under a Department of Commerce Communities in Transition grant. The plan presents strategies dealing principally with the Mure of the City, however some of these strategies have potential implications beyond Coleman in Midland County. Groundwater quality should be protected through proper utility planning and control over septic and well systems. The strategies which impact Midland County involve the following issues: Conflicts: No conflicts are apparent in the environmental goals. Regional recreational impacts from proposed rail-to-trail project. Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy - City of Midland Community Center to serve school district residents. The City of Midland completed a housing study in November 1991. The plan, which focuses on housing affordability in the City of Midland, also contains information that relates to the Midland Urban Growth Area and the County as a whole. The five-year plan projects the housing needs of the population to 1996. The needs are broken down to project the needs for various households by income levels, senior citizens, handicapped persons and homeless families and individuals. The implementation portion of the plan, or the strategies, includes methods to determine the amount of rent or mortgage that people with different income levels should be able to afford. The main objectives of the plan include creating a new position in the City that would be responsible for finding affordable housing for residents; expanding the availability of land for residential development; establishing 1,000 affordable units during the five-year period; and expanding the City's housing rehabilitation program. Cooperation between Coleman and the school system and adjacent local units of government in recreation. Development of a 40-acre industrial park in Coleman. new The County should monitor these issues in Coleman to ensure that future implementation programs by the City are compatible with the County's Comprehensive Plan. Future Land Use Composition A composite of generalized future land uses as depicted in the local plans is illustrated on the Composite Future Land Use Map (Map 8). The map portrays the general land use goals common to most municipalities. However, not all the municipalities address the same future land use categories as proposed in the updated Comprehensive Plan for the County. E-14 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I �ci GLADWIN COUNTY ~ d u: z .,__ 0 TIS RD. C er ~ --,,. I''.11"'If.: I I ~.J·.: '..," >z ::) __ .__,.I . I- _, _ -·, I I -- -.- 0 0 ~- I • . COMPOSITE FUTURE LAND USE MIDLAND CC)UNTY, MICHIGAN LEGEND I ~---~--4 . I I >4: en [IIffi RESIDENTIAL ~ COMMERCIAL ■ INDUSTRIAL § PUBLIC / CONSERVATION □ AGRICULTURAL >- I- z ::) 0 (.) PRAlRI RO. SOURCE: MUNICIPAL AND TOWNSHIP MASTER PLANS cl CZ: 25000 SAGINAW GRATIOT 37500 Gove Associates Inco 1601 Portage Street Kalamuoo, Michi1an ◄9001 C0 0 z ~ �Transportation �TRANSPORTATION The Midland County Road Commission has performed an inventory of County roads which details such information as: This section describes how transportation facilities both support the County and help shape its development. Much of the system has been built in response to growth within the County. However, in many instances the provision of a major facility has indirectly induced development. By recognizing that relationship and defining deficiencies in the system, the County can protect a major public investment and efficiently allocate future expenditures. - This 1991 inventory will help coordinate planning efforts, as well as detail areas of the County that are in need of improvements. Traffic • • •I I ■ • •I I Traffic statistics require the coordination of State, County and local transportation planning in order to assure that a complete traffic count is available and to assure that duplication of counts is minimized. An improved system of obtaining traffic counts would benefit not only the County Road Commission in determining traffic and road conditions but local and county planning efforts as well. A comprehensive look at traffic patterns could assist in the determination of the best locations for commercial and industrial uses, planning for new roads and numerous other applications. Without current and accurate traffic information sound planning decisions are difficult to make and federal aid may be affected, including the following federal aid programs: 1. 2. 3. 4. Federal Federal Federal Safety Federal Year of last surfacing Primary roads Local roads Surface types Surface condition Major Thoroughfares The County recognizes three major classifications of roads. These classifications and descriptions follow: State Trunklines: These are major routes falling under the jurisdiction of the Michigan Department of Transportation . Their primary purpose is to facilitate through traffic movements in conjunction with the state-wide highway system . Some direct land access may also be present, such as along M-20, M-18 and M-30, however, most automobile service needs are accommodated at highway interchange points. County Primary: These are routes serving longer distance trips between major points of destination within the County. Primary roads are planned to facilitate through-traffic movements but allow direct access for homes and businesses. There are presently about 289 miles of County Primary roads . Aid Urban System Aid Secondary System Aid Hazardous Elimination Aid Critical Bridge F-1 �are intended to provide functional classification. County Local: The local street system provides the travel network within the County necessary to serve populated areas. This system allows free access to homes and businesses and is designed for short to medium length trips connecting to the primary and state trunkline roads. There are presently about 580 miles of County Local roads. is called The functional classification system for roadways is used by the Federal Highway Administration and the Michigan Department of Transportation to help make decisions on where to spend limited funds. The County could use the system in a similar manner, thereby helping to protect the public investment in roadways. The system is shown on the accompanying Street and Highway Functional Classification map (Map 9). The proposed system for the City of Midland uses the national-state "urban functional classification system," which is functionally interrelated with the "rural" system. Highway and Street Functional Classification System Streets have two basic roles in the transportation system: 1) to allow through-traffic movement, and 2) to provide access to adjacent land uses. Some streets serve one role more than the other. For example, a highway is typically designed for traffic movement, while the main function of a local residential street is to provide access to homes. The functional classification system for Midland County uses criteria established by State and Federal road authorities. Since the roads lie outside an area defined as urbanized (the City of Midland), they have been designated by the State as "rural." Planning which is conscious of this hierarchy of roads helps produce an efficient transportation system and assist in decision-making. The Midland County system is based on the following criteria: The inherent problem is that those two roles often conflict, such as along certain segments of M-20. Designed to enhance long distance travel, M-20 serves travelers between Midland and areas to the west. However, as the frontage properties developed, access became an important function. Vehicles entering and exiting those uses disrupt the long distance travelers, creating periodic congestion, accidents and driver frustration. Rural Major Arterials (Example: U.S. 10) - To help limit the conflicts between traffic movement and access, the County should coordinate transportation and land use decisions. This can be facilitated by designating streets according to their functional purpose. The process of grouping roadways according to the character of service they - - F-2 Primary role is movement of traffic through the State Long length High traffic volumes and vehicle speeds Limited number of access points, minimum interference to through movement Limited number of traffic control devices I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I �_ Rural Minor Collectors (Example: Stark Road) Generally less than five percent of overall Rural System Rural Minor Arterials (Example: M-20) _ _ _ _ _ - Primary role is movement of traffic between cities Long length High traffic volumes and vehicle speeds Serve major traffic generators (industrial areas, etc.) Spaced at intervals to ensure that all developed areas are within a reasonable distance Somewhat limited number of access points which interfere with through traffic Traffic control devices (signals) favor arterial traffic Typically 10 percent of overall Rural System _ _ _ _ Local Streets (Example: the various segments of Miller Road) _ Rural Major Collectors (Example: Coleman Road) - - II • • Dual role of traffic movement and access to adjacent land uses Shorter length (typically less than 10 miles long) Low to moderate traffic volumes, moderate speeds Serve smaller communities and local traffic generators Spaced at intervals to collect traffic from local roads and transport Major Collectors and Arterials Approximately 15 percent of overall Rural System - Primary role is movement of traffic within the County Shorter than arterials Moderate traffic volumes and speed Serve traffic generators such as major schools, county parks, small towns and important agricultural areas Provide connections with arterial roads Numerous access points for adjacent development Traffic control is often through signals and/or signs Typically 10 percent of overall Rural System - F-3 Include all roads not classified under above categories Primary role is to provide access to adjacent land uses Short length Low traffic volumes and speed Provide short distance connections with higher classed roads Includes 60 percent or more of the roads in the County system �- F srRE ·,-ANo-~·-H1Gi-iWAY FUNCTIONAL CLAS IFICATION SYSTEM MIDLAN COUNTY, MICHIGAN 1 L .1.1,'t . . 7 \ 0) I I~ 0 z 1 ..a;-. _ -~- - .,i~ l I I •I 1 ><( en '• ''I L::GE~ID I. , ·I ~ i/ 1: i 7 LEGEND J FEDERAL ~D SYSTEMS 1 ' 11 FEOEilll. Mil IN'TERS1 ATE 1• ii GREEN F£!)ERII. Mil PRMlllY ~ ...E FEDER/I. >Ill SECONDARY R..-0 FEDER/I. >lll URBNI a,:._~ NOT ON FEOERM. llD SYSTEM NATIONAL l'UNCTIONAL CLASSIFIC ATION SYSTEMS RURAL ,:.,TE.RSTli.TE t/TERSTATE 0Tf£R PRINCIPII. lllTERlll.S - FREEWAY CONll!:CTll<C llNl<S - - - - - - or RURAL PRINCIPAi. ll<T!RIII. S - - - - 0Tl£R RURAL P!IINCIPAL ll<TERIM.S COtt.~CTlrfC l.:l<S Of RVR,t ,..,,OR ,f,RTERIM..S - -- OTHER CNON-COIINECTINO lNO 0Tf£R PR)lCIPII. IIITERIII.S - NOIHREf:WAY >I- - ::::, 0 0 --............ li l CONN!'.CTINC l.N<S or RURAL PRINCIPAL lllTERIII.S cowtF-cTtNc Utrl<s or RVRN. MtJOR .«ltTERtM.s OTHER <NOH-CONNECTING LMO - - - U.tl MINOR 11tTElUM.s -··-··-·· - - .,..,.,.. ...... MINOR itATERIAL STILt"ETS - • • - • • - - • • lt\.RAI. M,IJOR COLLECTORS , • 1 , 1 1 , • 1 1 1 1 COLLECTOR STitE£TS •• •••• •••••• - - - - - -· ·-------- ---· -- -·-·- - i' L. ll i - •••••••••••• z l! - AL, 0Tf£RS LOCAL STREITS .- MJft~ •OR COLLECTORS ----- - - - ·- - -· lJUltlfll?ED Nll:A BOUNDARY rmLOWl _j l n ;1 t 11 1 l 1 I I. 1 l ( ~ <( z 0 <( (/) 1 , h H ., I• j I j j -- ---- -- t: 1~u1r~.;r 1 DEP!sRTMENT OF TR.'.IJ',SPQRT"TIOfl I lI - . SCUR":E 0 6250 12500 25000 37500 --------- Gove Associates Inco · 1601 J ------------ Portage Street Kalamazoo, Micluaan -49001 �• • • • • • • •I •I •I • • • • • • Waldo Road - This project would involve improvements to the U.S. 10 interchange area to improve traffic flow. System Improvements Proposed road improvements are based on the State's traffic safety improvement program, the 1992 road millage proposal and Midland County Road Commission's Long Range Transportation Plan. The projects include: Stark Road Extension - This project will consist of extending Stark Road from U.S. 10 to M-20 Highway. Bay City Road/U.S. 10 Interchange- This project would involve reconstructing the interchange as a functional, fulldirectional interchange. State Road Improvements State Trunkline Construction - The Michigan Department of Transportation's current 10-year program has no major construction projects scheduled in Midland County. M-20, however, will undergo safety and capacity improvements between Meridian Road in Midland County and Mt. Pleasant in Isabella County in the near future. Several minor improvements are scheduled during this period, but are not expected to impact traffic flow to any great extent. Eastman Road - This project includes reconstruction and widening from the Meijer Store to Monroe Road. Related Plans and Programs Several transportation related plans and programs are also recommended, including: A Traffic Count Program to determine changing traffic patterns and help determine priorities of road improvements. Currently, complete traffic counts are performed by the County Road Commission annually throughout the County with the assistance of summer help. The Road Commission is in the process of putting this data into a computer format. At this time computer generated maps are available at the township level that include such data as the year each road was last surfaced, the classification of the roads, the surface type and the condition. The maps have been produced to assist in establishing the transportation needs of Midland County . County Road Improvements Meridian Road Connector (M-30) - This project would include a bridge over the Tittabawassee River to connect Meridian Road with M-30 Highway. Gordonville Road - This project would involve bridge construction and road improvements from Meridian Road to Poseyville Road, including improvements to Homer, Dopp and Gordonville Roads. Poseyville Road - This project includes reconstruction and widening from Nold Road to Gordonville Road. North Saginaw Road - This project involves reconstruction and widening from the Midland City limits to Stark Road . F-5 �Tittabawassee River to Isabella Road _ An updated and continuously maintained Sign Inventory Program to ensure the regulatory signs meet safety standards and are regularly maintained. Since 1987 a complete inventory of the County's signs has been performed by the Midland County Road Commission and is updated whenever a new sign is installed or an older sign is replaced or removed. (M-20). 2. Meridian Road Connector - The 1992 plan recommends connecting Meridian Road across the Tittabawassee River. 3. Gordonville Road Improvements and Pine River Crossing - The transportation plan recommends upgrading Gordonville Road to an all season truck route and constructing a bridge across the Pine River at 4 3/4 Mile Road. _ A Nonmotorized Trail Plan to improve the recreational opportunities for bicyclists, joggers, is in progress. _ Corridor studies of major commercial strip areas to identify techniques to improve traffic operations, safety, aesthetics and business vitality. The street segments which should be considered for this type of linear study include M-20 (Midland City limits to Isabella County line), Saginaw (Sanford to Dublin Road and possibly extending to Bay City Road upon agreement with the City of Midland). 4. Widen North Saginaw Road - The transportation plan recommends widening the segment of North Saginaw Road between Dublin Road and Hope Road to four lanes. Midland County Long-Range Transportation Plan The City of Midland operates a Dial-ARide bus network which provides transportation to anyone within the City limits. Regular fees for the service are $1.00 - senior citizen's, handicapped person's and children's fees are $0.50. The service does not support itself and is subsidized by the City, State and Federal governments. The annual budget to operate the service within the City is $760,000. Dial-A-Ride consists of 12 buses - seven of which are equipped with lifts to provide access for handicapped persons. The buses are operated by six full-time drivers and 14 part-time drivers. In addition to drivers, 5. Poseyville Road - The transportation plan recommends increasing the number of lanes on Poseyville Road, south of Ashby Road, to four lanes. Public Transit This plan was completed in March 1992 and includes such information as 1989 traffic counts, descriptions of transportation levels of service and five recommendations for major improvements to the County's road system. A brief description of the recommendations follows: 1. Stark Road Extension - The transportation plan recommends extending Stark Road South, from N. Saginaw Road, across the F-6 I ,1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ·1 I -, �• • • • • • • •I •I • • • • • • • • Air there are six additional employees including dispatchers, administrative and supervisory personnel. Annually over 137,000 passengers use the service. Jack Barstow Airport This facility is a general aviation airport located west of the Midland County Fairgrounds, north of U.S. 10 and west of Eastman Road. There are two paved, lighted runways. The north-south runway is 3,000 feet in length and 75 feet wide. The east-west runway, which was extended from 3,000 feet to 3,800 feet in 1987, is also 75 feet wide. This extension was accomplished with a $241,000 grant from the Federal government. Further improvements were scheduled in 1991. Taxiway rehabilitation and extension is planned and will be accomplished with the assistance of a $400,000 grant. Currently a county-wide transportation system is not being planned. If the public, the various municipalities and townships decide that a county-wide system would be beneficial and feasible, the County Planning Commission should evaluate the feasibility of such a system. Rail freight service in Midland County is provided by two carriers - CSX Railroad and Central Michigan Railway. The CSX rail system which crossed Midland County has been abandoned and is currently being developed as a "rails-totrails" project. With the Tri-City International Airport located so close to the Jack Barstow Airport no major airlines operate out of Jack Barstow. The Jack Barstow Airport is primarily used for recreational aircraft and small businesses' private aircraft. The County's two largest users of the rail system are the Dow Chemical Company and the Dow Corning Corporation. The Dow Chemic~I Company receives an average of 10,000 rail cars annually and ships out an average of 5,000 railroad cars annually. Dow Chemical does not foresee any great changes in these numbers in the immediate future. Dow Corning currently has 1,400-1,500 in-andout transactions per year and is expecting a five to six percent growth in rail service annually. When the Midland Cogeneration Venture Electric and Steam Plant was under construction deliveries were being made to the facility, but since construction is finished, and fuel to power the plant is piped in (natural gas), no rail service is required at this time. Tri-City International Airport The 3,000-acre Tri-City International Airport is located nine miles northwest of Saginaw near Freeland, Michigan. The airport serves the Saginaw area, the Midland area and Bay County. There are currently two runways located at the airport. The main runway is 8,000 feet long and 150 wide and the crosswind runway is 6,500 feet long and 150 feet wide. Two airlines, United and Northwest, operate from the airport's single gate. In addition to the two airlines, there are two commuter services, Continental Express and Skyway. There is an average of 18 commercial flights in F-7 �improvement to the airport's facilities is the addition of a third runway to be located parallel to the main runway. Any Mure improvements may require the acquisition of land adjacent to the Tri-City International Airport. and out of the airport per day. Annually there are over 6,500 commercial flights serving 468,000 passengers from TriCity's facilities. There are both shortterm and long-term parking facilities, which are operated by a separate concession, available at the airport. Private Air Facilities The annual budget for the airport is $3.2 million. This figure does not include the $1 to 2 million that is received from the Federal government. The City of Saginaw, the City of Midland and Bay County each contribute $50,000 towards the airport's annual operating budget. Dow Division - The Dow Division has private flight operations from the main Dow facilities. Annually, approximately 75 helicopter flights arrive and depart from the facility. Emergency equipment consists of portable fire fighting equipment. No navigational equipment is operated from the Dow facilities and there are no plans for expanding the facilities. The Tri-City International Airport has its own fire department that includes four crash and rescue vehicles, one emergency response vehicle and one automobile. Midland Hospital Center - A helipad is also located at the Midland Hospital Center for emergency medical services, but is currently not in use. The program was established in 1986 and conducted approximately 25 flights per year. Portable fire fighting equipment would be used for any emergencies, and the fire department is one block away. There are no current plans for expansion or continuation of use. A noise impact study was recently performed for the Tri-City International Airport. The study outlines existing noise impact on the area, and also projects impacts over the next 1O years. It is based on the Federal Aviation Administration's (FM) acceptable noise level standards. The airport's master plan is currently being approved by the FM. In 1987, $1,130,000 in grants were received for improvements made to taxiways, utilities and service roads. During the next year, 1988, $2,775,000 was received for land acquisition, the extension of runway #32, approach clearing, new lighting and new firefighting and rescue vehicles. Runway #523 was improved in 1989 with a grant for $2, 146,000. No major improvements were performed in 1990. The airport is anticipating a grant for $2,500,000 for apron improvements. The largest slated Nonmotorized Transportation Nonmotorized transportation typically includes bicycling, hiking, walking, running, cross-country skiing and horseback riding. These activities are usually accommodated on multipurpose trails where possible. Outside the City of Midland nonmotorized transportation routes are not designated. Although there are a few trails provided in the County parks, state forests and . recreation areas, there is no county-wide F-8 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ·1 �• • • •II • • • • •I • • • • • • • • system of nonmotorized transportation integrated with the recreational resources and tourist attractions of the County. Currently there is no County plan for the designation, funding and development of nonmotorized transportation corridors. Existing state programs, however, do provide for the planning and development of nonmotorized transportation services and facilities. A multicounty regional bicycle plan, which includes Midland County, does exist but it is nonspecific as to route location and development in respect to Midland County's attractions and natural resources and rights-of-way that are potentially available for the nonmotorist. Resources exist for the development of an integrated county-wide system of bicycle routes and hiking trails. The abandoned CSX Railroad right-of-way is one major resource. In addition there are state forest trails and County and local road rights-of-way that could be interconnected with the CSX Railroad right-of-way, County parks, recreational areas, state forests and tourist attractions to form an integrated county-wide nonmotorized transportation system. To provide a basis for the planning and development ·of a county-wide nonmotorized transportation system, County agencies and municipalities should avail themselves of public and private funding, including the State Natural Resources Department's Michigan Natural Resources Trust Fund and Federal Land and Water Conservation Fund and the State Transportation Department's Nonmotorized Transportation Fund . F-9 �I •I •I •I I I I I I I •I I •I • Community Facilities �I I I I I I 'I I I I I I I I I I I I COMMUNITY FACILITIES sewer service available and capacities exist for serving a greater area. The City of Midland has adopted a sewer and water extension policy known as the MUGA or Midland Urban Growth Area Policy. Simply stated, the MUGA policy is that utility service will only be provided if one of two conditions occur. If a property is inside the MUGA boundary but outside the city limits, utilities will be provided if the property is annexed. If outside the MUGA boundary, utilities will only be provided to a governmental agency. The only instance in which this has happened is in the Midland County Water District No. 1. The system has a current capacity of 6.5 mgd, and is operating at 100 percent of capacity. A new facility is located adjacent to the existing wastewater treatment plant and will increase the wastewater treatment plant's optimum capacity to 1O million gallons per day with peak flow capacities of twice that amount. Based on the City's 1990 population of a per-capita capacity of 264 gallons per day, or 96,360 gallons per year, will be available once improvements to the wastewater treatment plant are complete. Peak capacities on a per-capita basis will be twice these figures. Community facilities, such as schools, parks and libraries are elements that can set one community apart from another. Other less visible elements such as utilities, waste management and governmental services also shape the character of Midland County. This section describes the wealth of community facilities in the County and how they should be maintained and planned for the future. Utilities and Services Sanitary Sewer Two municipal sanitary sewer systems are in operation in the County. The City of Coleman operates a lagoon treatment system which serves the entire city. The lagoons are located on a 40-acre site northeast of the City, south of U.S. 10. There are three lagoon cells; one nineacre primary cell and two additional cells of four acres · each which receive approximately 146,000 gallons per day. With Coleman's 1990 population of 1,237, a per-captia flow of 118 gallons per day, or 43,080 gallons per year, is the operating capacity of the lagoons. There are no industrial wastes flowing into the system. No problems have been reported in meeting treatment standards and no expansions are planned. While no expansions are currently planned the system has the capability of being expanded. Currently the sanitary sewer system is operating at 60 percent of its capacity. Water The need for potable water supplies in the County is acute because of the generally poor groundwater quality caused by brine deposits. Most areas of the County depend on groundwater for water supplies. The areas covered by public water services include the City of Midland, the City of Coleman and Midland County Water District No. 1. The second municipal sewer system is operated by and within the City of Midland. Most areas within the City have G-1 �Midland County Water District No. 1 is currently administered by the Midland County Department of Public Works. Areas served in Water District No. 1 include the Village of Sanford and portions of Lincoln and Jerome townships immediately adjacent to the Village. The Water District has a 200,000-gallon storage tank in the Village of Sanford. Annually, 100-105 million gallons of water are purchased from the Saginaw-Midland water system by the Water District and distributed throughout the District. With an estimated population of 4,027 for Water District No. 1, the percapita capacity is 70 gallons per day, or 25,453 gallons per year. Although the District is administered by Midland County, the system is owned by the three municipalities. This was arranged when the system was financed in 1969. When the bonds are paid off by the three municipalities new operational arrangements will likely occur. One possible arrangement could consist of the forming of a water authority between the three communities. While the three communities all have a part in the water system each municipality is responsible for the expansion of the system. During the 1980s, 15 miles of watermains were installed. The City of Midland's water system falls under the same extension (MUGA) policy, as the sewer. When averaged for the year, 21-25 million gallons per day are pumped through the City's water system. With the City's 1990 population of 37,819 this translates to a per-capita capacity of between 555 gallons per day and 661 gallons per day. Annually, on a per-capita basis, between 202,575 and 241,265 gallons of water is the current capacity of the system. Of the 21-25 million gallons pumped per day in Midland, between eight and nine million gallons are for domestic use. The City of Coleman's water system is supplied by two 12-inch diameter deep wells which pump an average of 180,000 gallons per day. Additionally, the City has a six-inch backup well. Watermains, which are connected to a 200,000 gallon elevated storage tank and were constructed in 1986, cover most of the City. The per-capita capacity (based on 1990 population figures) of Coleman's water system is 145 gallons per day, or 52,380 gallons per year. The volumes of waste generated within the County, from residential, commercial, industrial and special (consisting of wood, demolition and construction material, street sweepings and agricultural material) are estimated to total 597 tons per day in 1987, 622 tons per day in 1992 and 665 tons per day in the year 2007 - an 11.4 percent increase over the next 20 years. Approximately 50.9 percent of that amount is agricultural waste that will not enter the municipal Solid Waste Management Midland County has taken an active planning role in the area of solid waste management. In 1988, the Midland County Solid Waste Management Plan Update was completed. That document was developed under the requirements of Public Act 641, the Solid Waste Management Act and approved by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) in 1990. Waste Generation: The following is taken from the 1988 Solid Waste Management Plan: G-2 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I �I I I I I I I I I I I I I I • •Ill • basis, in addition to a door-to-door pickup. There are currently seven private haulers operating within the County. waste stream. That is, agricultural wastes are not expected to be deposited at area landfills and therefore will not be a consideration in preparing for facilities to handle the County's solid wastes. The remaining wastes, including residential, commercial, industrial, wood products, construction and demolition materials and street sweepings are estimated to total 343 tons per day in 1987, 361 tons per day in 1992 and 400 tons per day in 2007. These are the wastes that will be going to solid waste disposal facilities and are the volumes that the updated plan will be concerned with. Approximately 84 percent of the wastes entering the County's waste stream are estimated to be generated in the City of Midland in 1987. By the year 2007, about 86 percent of the County's \'✓aste should come from within the City. Waste Disposal: Solid waste is disposed of in facilities within the County. Landfills: The City of Midland operates a Type II sanitary landfill, the only municipally owned and operated landfill in Midland County. Type II landfills are designed to handle nonhazardous wastes such as typical municipal household and commercial wastes. The City landfill is a 100-acre site which handles primarily residential and commercial waste. The City has acquired in excess of 160 acres for future expansion, extending the projected life of the landfill beyond the year 2020. Approximately 555,000 cubic yards of waste were handled at the City of Midland landfill in 1985/86. About twothirds of this waste is collected by the City. The City recently stopped accepting refuse from outside Midland County in order to extend the life of the landfill. Waste is accepted from all of Midland County. The landfill was licensed and approved by MDNR in the fall of 1990. Waste Collection: The only public collection service is provided by the City of Midland Department of Public Works, which collects waste from city residents, commercial businesses and small industries. Large commercial and industrial establishments in Midland County contract with private haulers for collection servic.e on an individual basis. Even Dow Chemical and Dow Corning, which operate their own hazardous waste disposal facilities, contract with private haulers for collection of office waste. Dow Chemical and Dow Corning both handle a portion of the waste generated at their plants at their respective hazardous waste landfills. Dow Chemical received an operating license for a 152acre hazardous waste landfill. In addition to hazardous waste, this facility handles approximately 3,000 cubic yards per month of solid waste, comprised primarily of noncombustible packaging and processing waste. The anticipated life of the landfill is 30 years. Most townships provide for some form of optional or contracted door-to-door pickup by private haulers. Lee and Lincoln townships provide transfer stations where residents may choose to deposit their own trash. Porter Township has arranged to have a truck parked at the Township Hall and residents may deposit their trash in the truck on a periodic G-3 �GLADWIN ---+---t- - - - ....... - ci ► a: 0 ,-- UTILITY SERVICE AREA >- f- z 0 ::::> 0 I LJ----+-+-1~~aw;-6-r-----t---1-r;:---~--- u MIDLAND COUN1Y, MICHIGAN z Cl.. <t: ::E II • •. I +--l~~+ - - - - ·- - - LEGEND ><( (Il ' ---+-- - - - • FULL UTILITY SEREVICE (WATER SUPPLY AND SANITARY SEWER) - - - - - - - MIDLAND COUNTY WATER DISTRICT N0.1 (WATER DISTRIBUTION LINES) ' " ' " " " ' " ' MIDLAND COUNTY WATER DISTRICT NO. 1 BOUNDARY AREA >fz ::::> 0 u • WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITY • 'NATER TREATMENT FACILITY I ~ ICWD MO.1 PUMP HOUSE MUGA BOUNDARY / AREA ci a: CJ SOURCE: :z: "'"'0 a: u RD. ci a: / w <( __J " '· :; :z: ~ ....►z "'~ l((N RD._ ) lC __J w 5u / r ► ...J . l/) l/) l/) ... 0 Ill l/) CD <( I ~I . (/j 0 a:: ~ 'x .:! :,: " GRATIOT C ,.. - / I ITTABAII !.SEE RO ci "'w SAGINAW COUNTY ci :r "' "' 'i: z c., "' ci a: .:! w <( 'i: _J a: ~ ...."' w ci ci a: "----._ I CITY OF MIDLAND MIDLAND CC'JNTY - .... ' <( (/) a: a: 0 0 6250 12500 25000 37500 Gove Associates IltD.Co 1601 Portage Street Kalamuoo, Michigan -49001 G-4 �I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I •I • • Feasibility studies of a four-county regional facility to serve Bay, Gladwin, Isabella and Midland counties were undertaken in the past. These studies involved technical and economical evaluations of cogeneration, electricity and/or steam for Bay Medical Center, Consumers Power Company, Dow Chemical Company, Mt. Pleasant Regional Center, and General Motors using different technologies of direct combustion and refuse derived fuel processing. To date no definitive action has resulted from these studies. Dow Corning upgraded an existing hazardous waste landfill, obtaining an operating license from the Michigan Department of Natural Resources. The completed facility handles about 20,000 cubic yards of waste annually. Fifteen to 20 percent of this amount is comprised of hazardous waste, and the remainder is solid waste which has been exposed to hazardous material. The facility has the capacity to handle a total of 300,000 cubic yards of waste over its anticipated 25-year life. A new landfill was opened in Bay County in 1991, but currently has no out-ofcounty agreement. The new landfill is located near Pinconning and is operated by Traxler Rubbish and Garbage Removal. The only facility in Midland County employing a limited amount of nonsolid waste resource recovery is Dow Corning's Steam and Electric Cogeneration (SECO) project. The SECO system produces steam and electricity for use in manufacturing and heating using the most economical fuel available including wood, oil, gas or coal. As recommended in the County Solid Waste Management Plan, Dow Corning may be encouraged to expand the SECO operation to accept waste paper and municipal wood waste. Transfer Facilities: There are two licensed, publicly owned, Type B transfer stations in operation in Midland County: the Lee and Lincoln township transfer facilities. Type B facilities are designed to handle primarily residential and commercial · waste from vehicles unloaded by hand. Both facilities accept primarily residential waste and are experiencing no significant operational problems. Private haulers in Midland County also use the Tri-County Transfer Station located in Gratiot County. Recycling: Recycling in the County has been expanded since 1988. The City of Midland contracts with a private hauler to operate a curbside collection system for collecting newsprint, glass, plastic, metal cans and corrugated cardboard. The City also operates a yard waste collection and compost system. A few townships have also established recycling programs. The Midland Volunteers for Recycling, Inc., a nonprofit corporation, operates a recycling center at the City of Midland landfill. Brady News & Recycling, a private business, operates a Incinerators: Dow Chemical operates two incinerators in conjunction with Dow Corning. The incinerators burn combustible packaging and processing waste and currently do not have an energy recovery capability. Resource Recovery Facilities: At present there are no solid waste resource recovery facilities in the County . G-5 �recycling center for marketable wastes. a variety should be followed. Moreover, as it is implemented, it should be carefully monitored and adjusted to take advantage of new information and technology. Table 35 provides a summary of Midland County's proposed waste management effort as delineated in the plan report. of Problems with Existing Solid Waste Facilities: Although no problems with the operation of the existing landfill or transfer facilities within Midland County have been reported, the recent closure of a number of landfills in this area is likely to increase demand for an affordable disposal facility in the proximity of Midland County. This problem has been eased with the City-Township agreements to use the City of Midland landfill for disposal of solid waste. Drains Establishment and maintenance of drainage systems is the responsibility of the Midland County Drain Commissioner. More than 1,100 drains service three main drainage basins; the Kawkawlin, Tittabawassee and Shiawassee drainage basins. The majority of work accomplished on these drain systems is related to cleaning and brush clearance. Potential problems may also exist with dumps previously located in many of the townships. Unlike current 641 landfills, most dumps were not designed to provide for groundwater and other environmental protection. The closed dumps in Midland County are listed in Table 34 and are shown on the Solid Waste Disposal Sites map (Map 11). New drains are established in accordance with the Michigan Drain Code. Actual administration is also governed by the Drain Code. Each drain is a corporation comprised of benefitting property owners. Problems with Existing Solid Waste Management Practices: In the past, a primary problem in solid waste policy and decision-making has been a lack of cooperation among the municipalities of Midland County. This situation has led to inefficiencies and a duplication of efforts in the provision of solid waste services and facilities. This problem has been eased with the City-Township agreements to use the City of Midland landfill for disposal of solid waste. Funding for the Office of the Drain Commissioner's administrative expenses comes entirely from County funds. Construction expenses come primarily from funds assessed through the individual drain corporations on a costper-acre benefit assessment. The Drain Commissioner is also represented on the Inter-County Drain Board which deals with issues and problems arising from drains affecting adjacent counties. Other Board members include representatives of the Michigan Water Resources Commission, Michigan Department of Agriculture and adjacent counties. Future Direction: The recommended future direction for the disposal and management of solid waste has been delineated in the County's approved Solid Waste Management Plan. That Plan sets forth a program of action which G-6 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I �I I TABLE 34 CLOSED DUMPS IN MIDLAND COUNTY I I I I I I I I I I I I • • • • • Dump Site Size (Acres) Comment 1 City of Coleman N.A. Disposal area is 3-5 acres 2 Warren Township N.A. Disposal area is 5-8 acres 3 Edenville Township 40 4 Hope Township 40 5 Mills Township 5 6 Lincoln Township 40 7 Jerome Township 10 8 Geneva Township N.A. 9 Greendale Township 80 10 Lee Township 40 11 Jasper Township 40 12 Porter Township N.A. 13 Mt. Haley Township 40 14 Ingersoll Township 40 15 Dow Chemical Company Poseyville Road Site N.A. Disposal area is 108 acres 16 City of Midland - Currie Site N.A. Disposal area is approx. 13 acres 17 City of Midland - Tridge Site N.A. Disposal area is approx. 6 acres 18 Dow Chemical Company Rockwell Dr., Bay Co. Site N.A. Disposal area is approx. 1O acres Also discontinued transfer station Now used as a transfer station Disposal area is 3-5 acres Now used as a transfer station Disposal area is 3-5 acres N.A. denotes size not available SOURCE: Midland County Solid Waste Management Plan, October 1988 G-7 �I I I I I I I I I • • , ----i--- ---I GLADWIN 1 ~ ! I ' cQRTtS ... . ~ • I ::: I J------'2t-.-=it!~-~~f-T-~---:--1-.a-_-'-. ---i • t :·,; 0 '--r~- .• I I ---r-- t >Iz ::, (.) SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL SITES MIDLAND COUNTY, MICHIGAN I : I I I --t--ft~-il-~-'---~---~... I I , lll'l.~t--+-:-~~...,--4:-,_..:.a:.,;......;_.....:.a.:•, : .:, I I I I -r-; ~,. . ,-,-- 0 z ~ ::.~,- ..-I - - .. ·. -· . ": : ~-:-.t--=---,,.,.~~"--4': .--;:-. - t:" ---- , ~ ., . _,:' ···•-..:i ...... _. LEGEND !\ ~ ><( (Il ACTIVE SITES CITY OF MIDLAND LANDFILL G) 1 LOCATION: 4311 EAST ASHMAN , I , DOW CHEMICAL LANDFILL LOCATION: NE½SECTION 25 Ir- ~_ J___ i___ ~- _::_:·- _ W!\CXE!!l!_ !I - Tc:.,iiil al,· ...... ·1 i '.... DOW CORNING LANDFILL LOCATION: 3901 SOUTH SAGINAW I I .. I I i I ·-r- i ·-! - L~-~---·· ~I I HUCICl -------0 =-= - r >z I- .... ::, 0 I I . (.) /1 =- ,J // ---+--;-- . • / ~ IA\ -t- --t-----,.-l--Jll..s.clli.~-~-1----lr:;::71::;-ca--~"""' -..---I • d 'i: -- 6 ci ~ I a: a: § RT " LEE TOWNSHIP TRANSFER STATION LOCATION: E 1/2, NE 1/4SECTION 21 LINCOLN TOWNSHIP TRANSFER STATIO LOCATION: SE 1/4, NE 1/-iSECTION 22 CLOSED DUMP SITES 18. (FORMER ACT 87 SITES> SEE TABLE 34, PG G-7 FOR SOURCE: MIDLAND COUNTY SOLID MANAGEMENT PLAN ci a: C) z "'"'0 a: 3: LJ ' <( --------- --~--~~~=.llflJ-..lW.--+~---1---B:~~~~~-+-J..4--J ..."' z I 'i: I <( _J ► IC ~ ~ t - - - - - t - ~ - - t -........." " " t - ' - ~ rr "' ci a: ...,:l "'"'"' "' J: d § <[ IO ci a: ~ (/) ~ "' ,.. SAGINAW .I GRATIOT ROAD ~ --- g --. I'-...../ ' a: a: 0 LISTING WASTE MIDLAND COUNTY HEALTH DEPARTMENT <3 <( (/1 0 6250 12500 25000 37500 Gove Associates Kltllco 1601 Porta.ge · Street Kalama.zoo, Michi1an ◄ 9001 . G-8 �I TABLE 35 I SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LONG-RANGE OBJECTIVES I I I. Develop a second county landfill site if the City of Midland landfill or a private landfill is not available for long-term use I I II. Identify alternate landfill sites in Midland County Ill. Investigate the feasibility of financial incentives for source separation of recyclable materials at the home and landfill site o.e., variable fee structure for separation of paper, glass, metals, etc.) IV. Support an economically sound rural collection program in conformance with an adopted county-wide regional disposal plan V. Expand and support voluntary efforts which will encourage the formal and institutionalized use of other feasible non-landfilling alternate solid waste systems VII. Encourage appropriate and cost-effective local, state and federal legislation to provide incentives for source separation, recycling and packaging practices · VIII. Endorse feasibility long-range regional resource recovery /recycling/disposal plans IX. Assign within the county the responsibility of overseeing the implementation of the adopted Solid Waste Management Plan (in conjunction with shortrange Objective X) X. Completely update the Solid Waste Management Plan every five years I I I I I I I I I I I • • SOURCE: Midland County Solid Waste Management Plan, October 1988 G-9 �Existing County Park Facilities and Activities Recreation Recreation is an essential element in the make-up of any community. As more leisure time becomes available to Midland County residents the demand for additional recreational opportunities will increase. The County Comprehensive Plan may be used as a guide for providing these opportunities. Further information may be found in the County Recreation Plan, 1988. The following table presents information pertaining to County owned and/or administered parks. Existing County and municipal major parks and recreation areas are listed in Table 36 and Map 12. TABLE 36 COUNTY OWNED AND/OR ADMINISTERED PARKS Name Acreage Sanford Lake Park 90 Boat launch, concessions, picnic areas, picnic shelter, playground, swimming, fishing, ice skating, crosscounty skiing, restrooms Black Creek Campground 38 Rustic campsites, fishing access I I 130 Canoe launch, nature trails, picnic areas, picnic shelters, playground, fishing, restrooms, hiking I 28 Ballfields, playground, restrooms, multi-purpose basketball court Pine Haven Recreation Area 320 Hiking, cross-country skiing, portable restroom facilities Chippewa River Access Site 20 Veterans Memorial Park West Midland County Park Activities /Facilities Canoe Launch Manitou Park {220 Acres Planned) 154 Picnic area, canoe launch, fishing, hiking, {future proposed activities: swimming, cross-country skiing, sledding, camping) Pere Marquette Rail-Trail of Midland 402 Hiking, bicycling, pedestrian activities TOTAL 1,182 SOURCE: Midland County Parks and Recreation Department G-10 I I I I I I I I �• -----1- . - -.. _ -- GLADWIN g g , a: :: e!l~ir,r..,,:o, I I I O I I I I ,: '' , ... ::, VI I -·-j-• I ··.: ! I ··-1 · --1--~,--.,,._ I - 1\<t I .... • ! ~---·--:.... ! UNC9LN - - -~. I Ml I . g ····..j •--;_ - . J - ~- I . - 1 ' .. '1 JJ_ •-_,Cl.lllol.j~...i..--1---- .....· - - - LEGEND ( ____,__+-.._--l 7 - 1 ~,' --- ><( "\RO, ", en t - - - '-'..e~--A_,._ l'\ .... -":1·I \_,,_ 4-''--r---tVI ISH RO. • ' ..;..,.....;;ito-~-...,,..--...-'-=.;.;.:;."""'=----d z :) 0 -.- ?RAIRI 1----+----➔ - - 'I ~ •• : - u 'I ,......' ~ RO. ___ .,__.I __ c:i ..,a:z I V, VI 0 JASPER .-•·· .' • ' •• • SHEPHER RO. I- 1----+---+------+---+ · ci a: w d a: :; fl z <( _j _j w 0 a: u . <( .... I z r VI .:i cc ....z► ~ V, VI ... 0 0 u CD <( ([ VI or- (/) ITTABAW ,. .I tD C f ,. . NTY SAGINAW c:i a: a: .., ► ::, GRATIOT 3:: VI _/ I °SEE RO COUNTY c:i cc er --.. ,---- I '\ Cit 0 •-------• COUNTY COUNTY LINEAR PARK PARKS SANFORD LAKE PARK VETERANS MEMORIAL PARK PINE HAVEN RECREATION AREA 4 WEST MIDLAND COUNTY PARK 5 BLACK CREEK CAMPGROUND 6 MILLS TOWNSHIP BALL DIAMONDS 7 COLEMAN SCHOOLS BALL DIAMONDS 8 PORTER TOWNSHIP BALL DIAMONDS 9 HOMER TOWNSHIP PARK iO LEE TOWNSHIP PARK 11 LARKIN TOWNSHIP PARK 12 COLEMAN CITY PARK 13 SANFORD VILLAGE PARK 14 CITY OF MIDLAND - PINE RIVER SITE 15 WHITING OVERLOOK PARK 16 RIVER B!::ND PARK '.7 MIDLAND CITY FOREST ~8 BARSTOW WOODS 19 CENTRAL PARK ~O CHIP PEW AS SEE PARK ::1 Dt.ERSCtl PARK 2 2 PLYMOUTH PARK '23 ASHMAN DIAMONDS 24 MANITOU PARK :_5 CHIPPEWA NATURE CENTER 26 FLATS CAMPGROUND '27 GREE/'l'S LANDING AND BAITS ::.s T-K'S BOAT LAUNCH '29 MIDLAND COUNTY FAIRGROUNDS ::o M-K RIDING ST ABLE 31 WEST MIDLAND FAMILY CENTER 32 CHIPPEWA VALLEY CANOE LIVERY Sc CAMPGROUND 33 STRATFORD WOODS PARK .34 WEST COLEMAN ROAD PARK 35 MARY STREET PARK SOURCE : MIDLAND COUNTY 2 3 ' >r- - __ ~ a: -~--!\ ~ I: ;::~ z a ..,a: .~·...····,/·. !. ~I.._ I, i--....L:----+---=-..+-~kl.....:-~~~~~---~· ~ ' . "-~:_t.~--1 .. • ~.. 0 c:i t,,,~illll~P"+~~t'--:----:l:-:::".~'-:T---+~--~---~' •• I u ci PARKS / RECREATION AREAS MIDLAND COUNTY, MICHIGAN I I . ~ --,.,·~ I--...J--~--r-+-1---:-=11:1t.1:F._-t,,g-'--+---t,-r.---~ --- ~~:::;:~;:1;~~-r:-~r-.-r.::,---, ro~\l z :::J 0 ... .. .., ---i ---i - · >- 1- 'R-T-!S-RO....-\'!15_-; ·,: CURTIS 1 R I ' c:i • • • • •II ► Cit <3 <( Vl ~ 0 6250 12500 37500 25000 a, ;;; cc l: (J u, Gove .L~ssociaites 1601 Inc . Portage Street Kalamuoo, Michigan -119001 G-11 �• • • •II system, gain the support of the riverfront property owners for increased recreational use and protective measures of the river, and develop a prioritized action program. This program would help protect 95 miles of major rivers in the County. Midland County-owned parks front on three miles of these rivers. The City of Midland has about seven miles of rivers and major streams. City parks and the Chippewa Nature Center preserve also front on these rivers. River protection zoning by the townships would help augment current river corridor preservation efforts. Municipal/Township Parks Many of the communities in Midland County maintain separate parks in order to provide adequate recreational facilities to area residents. Of the 16 townships in Midland County eight maintain parks. Three townships - Hope, Homer and Midland - each maintain two parks. The City of Midland has an extensive park system and has over 1,000 acres (many undeveloped) set aside for recreational purposes. The City of Coleman maintains five parks and the Village of Sanford maintains one park. Table 37 lists most of the parks, their acreages, and the facilities currently available at each of the facilities. River and Stream Corridor Preservation In conjunction with the Midland County Planning Commission, municipalities and townships, the County Parks and Recreation Commission is promoting the preservation of river and stream corridors in the County. This is being done by promoting a model master plan element and a set of zoning standards and regulations for use by the municipalities and townships. In addition to preserving resources for recreation, the preservation project is intended to improve water quality, provide for increased recreational utilization of the water, create a linked system of the river corridors with other recreational facilities, stimulate public interest in protecting the natural environment and scenic beauty of the rivers, protect sensitive environmental areas and wildlife habitat, minimize flooding, improve safety of recreational river users, develop a multijurisdictional watershed management administration G-12 �TABLE 37 TOWNSHIP /VILLAGE/CITY OWNED AND/ OR ADMINISTERED PARKS ·;:•,:·•.;:: :::::;.,•. J ·:::::::: Naffie J'> .;: <:'i)\?·/ . ,•,•.· ·-·.-:-:- - .:_.: .. ·.·:: ::;: Acreage _/:·-,· ..'.?:::::. •·· ·:: /,:.·•· . Actlvities/FacHities .. Mills Township Park 160 (5 acres developed) Ball Diamonds Hope Township Park 1 Ball Diamond 66 (25 acres developed) Ball Diamonds, Pavilion, Picnic Area, Playground, Nature Trail Edenville Township Park 3 Ball Diamond, Pavilion, Picnic Area, Playground Lincoln Township Park 1 Ball Diamond, Soccer Field Larkin Township Park 40 Ball Diamonds, Picnic Area Whiting Overlook Park (Midland Twp.) 15 Playground, Bird Watching Bob Moe Park (Midland Twp.) 5 Ball Diamonds Homer Township Park 12 Ball Diamonds, Pavilion, Picnic Area, Playground, Restrooms Windover Park (Homer Twp.) 7 Ball Diamond Woodside Park (Hope Twp.) Lee Township Park 80 (5 acres developed) /. Ball Diamonds, Pavilion, Picnic Area, Soccer Field Adams Street Park (Coleman) 5 Little League, 2 Tennis Courts, Pavilion, Picnic Area, Playground, Restrooms, Camper Hook-Ups, Parking Jackson Street Park (Coleman) 2 Lighted Ball Diamond, Concession Stand Lions (Coleman) 1 Basketball Court, Forest Mary Street Park (Coleman) 1 Undeveloped Future Park (Coleman) 11 Undeveloped - recently acquired land Sanford Park (Sanford Village) 10 Ball Diamonds, Boat Launch, Pavilion, Picnic Area, Basketball Court, Playground Riverbend Park (Midland) 1 Pine River Site (Midland) 560 Undeveloped Midland City Forest (Midland) 520 Skating, Camping, Concession Stand, Hiking, Snowmobile, Cross-Country Skiing, Archery, Tobaggoning Stratford Woods (Midland) City of Midland Parks 50 1,050 Total Boat Launch, Picnic Area, Fishing Concession Stand, Hiking, Nature Trail, Picnic Area, Swimming, Playground Various neighborhood and City-wide parks 2,601 SOURCE: Midland County Recreation Plan, 1988; Gove Associates Inc. G-13 : �•· • • • • • residents. A survey conducted in 1980 revealed that County residents wanted to see parks developed that meet these desires. Future County Park and Recreation Needs The adopted Midland County River Corridor Study proposed a standard of 1O acres per 1,000 persons as a spaceneed for County parks. Accordingly, using the population projections developed for the County Comprehensive Plan, the following needs and deficiencies may be expected (Table 38) . Accordingly, it appears that with one exception the general desires of County residents are being met. This assumes that Manitou Park and Pere Marquette Rail-Trail will continue to be developed with their proposed activities. TABLE 38 COUNTY RECREATIONAL ACREAGE NEEDS* Year 1990 Existing Acreage 1,182 Acres Required Deficiency 756 0 1995 867 0 2000 912 0 2005 959 0 2010 1,007 0 2015 1,057 0 *Note: Reflects County-based acreage needs and deficiencies. The information does not include local municipal need. SOURCE: Midland County Parks & Recreation Plan; National Recreation and Parks Association The acquisition of the linear park acres for the Pere Marquette Rail-Trail has eliminated the expected deficiency of future County park land. One activity not addressed in the County's recreation needs is fishing. Recently the Tittabawassee River has been recognized as an excellent walleye, pike, steelhead and salmon fishing area. This activity may also result in increased tourism. As the table indicates, the County has provided adequate recreational space for its expected population. Another important aspect of recreational needs is whether or not the range of recreational activities provided is meeting the desires and expectations of County As identified in the County River Corridor Study and the 1988 County Recreation Plan, abandoned railroad rights-of-way should be evaluated for possible reuse as linear parks. The Midland County G-14 �Isabella County/Clare County line. Toe cities of Coleman and Midland and the Village of Sanford would be responsible for development of the right-of-way within the City and Village limits and the County would have responsibility for development outside the City and Village limits. Planning and development of the right-of-way should be coordinated. Parks and Recreation Commission has acquired and is now developing the abandoned CSX Railroad right-of-way. The Midland Foundation has purchased the right-of-way within the City limits for recreational use. The right-of-way extends from the 47 Building of the Michigan Division of the Dow Chemical Company northwesterly to the TABLE 39 COUNTY RESIDENTS' RECREATIONAL NEEDS Parks that Preserve Nature 87 Veterans, Pine Haven, Manitou Parks with Picnicking and/or Backup 79 Sanford Lake, Veterans, Manitou, Pine Haven Parks with Swimming 70 Sanford Lake, Manitou (Mure) Parks with Many Activities 74 Sanford Lake, Veterans, Manitou (future) Parks with Ballfields, Tennis Courts, Playgrounds 70 Sanford Lake, Veterans, West Midland Historical Areas with Programs 69 Parks with Swimming and/or Boating 54 SOURCE: 1980 Summary Report Recreation Survey G-15 Sanford Lake, Veterans, (Canoeing only) Manitou (canoeing currently, swimming proposed) �• • • • • • ■ Public and Quasi-Public Facilities ■ county Government Services ■ ■ Board of Commissioners County Clerk Computer Information Systems Controller/Administrator Cooperative Extension Service County Parks & Recreation Department of Public Works Drain Commissioner Emergency Services Equalization Finance Gypsy Moth Suppression Health Department Housing Commission Personnel Office Planning Register of Deeds Treasurer Veterans Service Office Midland County Courthouse: The County Courthouse, located at 301 West Main Street in Midland, was constructed in 1925 with building additions in 1958 and 1979. The interior of the Courthouse has recently undergone a complete renovation. All three floors of the building have been restored. This includes office and lobby space, as well as mechanical spaces and equipment. Since the building is on the State and National Registers of Historic Places extra care was taken to assure that the historic significance of the building was not diminished by the restoration. Housed in the Courthouse are the following departments: ■ ■ Other County Departments are located as follows: ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Adult Probation ■ 42nd Circuit Court ■ County Jail ■ 75th District Court ■ Friend of the Court ■ Clerk of the Court ■ Probate Court ■ Probate Juvenile ■ Prosecuting Attorney ■ Sheritrs Department/City of Midland Police Department - Animal Control Center 4271 E. Ashman Street Midland, Michigan - Road Commission 4509 N. Saginaw Road Midland, Michigan - Mosquito Control 2180 N. Meridian Sanford, Michigan Midland County Services Building: The County Services Building is located at 220 West Ellsworth in Midland. The new four-story building was ready for occupancy in December of 1989, and was built to relieve crowding in the County Courthouse and consolidate County services. The fourth floor of the building is currently unoccupied but scheduled to be in use by 1993. The following departments are located in this building: _ Mental Health 2620 W. Sugnet Midland, Michigan _ Fair Board 1719 Eastman Midland, Michigan Some of these departments require special site considerations, such as the Animal Control Center, Road Commission, Mosquito Control, Mental Health G-16 �FIGURE 11 and Fairgrounds, but most others benefit from a central location for administrative functions. MUNICIPALITIES CltyNillageLJownship Halls Locations of the various city, village and township halls are identified on the Community Facilities map. It should be noted that in a number of township locations the seat of government is housed jointly with the fire department. The City of Midland completed a new City Hall in 1989 in the downtown area near the old Courthouse, adjacent to the new County office facility. In 1990 Midland Township built a new administration building. HOPE GENEVA MIU.S .EROME GREENDALE PORlER = INGERSCU. Township and Municipal Descriptions The supervisors and planning commissioners of the 16 townships in Midland County were contacted, as well as City and Village officials, to discover facts that relate to the individual townships and municipalities. Information relating to the area's buildings, roads, park systems, water and sewer systems, current problems and future plans were gathered as well as any other points that would relate to the County's Comprehenhensive Plan. While many of the communities share similar problems and goals, each is a unique area that has conditions specific to the individual municipalities. Figure 11 shows the general locations of the municipalities in Midland County. SOURCE: Gove Associates Inc. County. The Township has a Township Hall and a fire hall located on one acre of land on East Schaerer Road. Both were built in the 1970s and adequately serve the Township's current needs. The Township owns the Mills Township Community Center which is currently leased to two separate groups. In addition to buildings, the Township also maintains a Township park. The park, located on 160 acres of land, is owned by the Township and has five acres of land developed for recreational activities. The remaining acreage is public open space. The Township's maintenance building is located in the park. Mills Township located in the northeast corner of Midland County, owns and operates more community facilities than many of the rural townships in the The businesses and residents of Mills Township all have individual sources of water and sewage disposal since the Township has no consolidated water supply system or sanitary sewer system. G-17 �• • • • • • Between 1987 and 1991, four to five miles of roads were improved. Improvements include improved ditching for drainage, filling of potholes and a limited amount of blacktopping. The Township maintains 25 miles of road. Since 1987 over four miles of the Township's roads have been resurfaced . Annually, the Township resurfaces between one and two miles of road within the Township . The Township's Planning Commission has adopted an updated community master plan. One of the issues currently facing the Planning Commission involves lots that contain more than one housing unit. By having multiple units on single lots, overloading of the sites· water supplies and septic systems can occur. Methods to monitor and control such situations need to be developed. Like most townships in Midland County, sewage disposal and potable water are dealt with on an individual basis since the Township has no consolidated water supply system or sanitary sewer system. The Planning Commission is currently updating the Township's master plan. Future development goals have not yet been established but the prospect is that Hope Township will remain a rural area with mostly residential and agricultural land uses. Development goals for the community include encouraging the development of quality low- and moderate-income housing - especially for the senior citizens that reside in the Township. Once the master plan is completed a more established set of development goals for the Township will be available. Edenville Township is located in the northern portion of Midland County with Hope Township to the east and Warren Township to the west. Edenville's Township Hall was renovated in the 1980s and the fire hall was built in 1977. The Township also owns and maintains a park, which is two to three acres in size and has a pavilion, picnic tables, ballfield and playground. Hope Township is located west of Mills Township on the northern border of the County. The Township operates two buildings - the Township Hall and the fire hall built ir:, 1970. The Township has one small park - Hope Park - located on an old school lot with one ball diamond, and is currently developing a new park Woodside Park - which should be operational prior to the completion of this Plan. The new park will have four softball diamonds, a pavilion, picnic tables, a playground and a nature trail. The park, nature trails and land for future expansion of the cemetery are located on 66 acres. The developed area of the park will occupy 25 acres. The businesses and residents of Edenville Township depend on individual septic tanks for sewage disposal and wells for potable water. At the time of this Plan's updating, the Township was waiting on cost estimates for the 1991 road improvements. Most of the roads is the Township (80-85%) are hard surfaced. Problems currently facing Edenville Township include road conditions, junk in G-18 �The master plan is currently being updated and the zoning ordinance was recently updated. The Township is also working on an ordinance that will be designed to control blight in the area. A recycling program is planned for the Mure. The area's industrial site has recently been expanded, but future plans do not include any major development in the Township. residential areas, weed control in Sanford Lake, assessment disputes and how to effectively and efficiently deal with solid waste. In many areas of the Township water quality is also an issue. The Township's master plan, updated in 1988, is in need of further updating to address the problems currently facing the Township and to address future plans, such as rezoning some areas of the Township to better address mobile homes. Future plans will probably also address water quality. Several past attempts have been made to improve water quality but financing has always been the deciding factor. City of Coleman is located entirely within Warren Township. The City has seven full-time employees; a two-person police force; three work in the City's Department of Public Works, in addition to the City's Treasurer and Clerk. Coleman's City Hall, which is located on the corner of Railway Street and Fifth Street, is a renovated auto dealership. The City Hall houses the Council chambers, the Mayor's office, the Police Department, office space and storage. The City also owns and operates a building for the Department of Public Works. The Coleman Community Fire Department is housed in a new building located at 413 E. Railway Street. The building, and the department, are jointly operated by Coleman, Warren, Geneva, Wise and Denver townships. Warren Township is located in the northwest corner of Midland County. The Township Hall was built in the 1940s. The only other building owned, operated and maintained by the Township is the cemetery chapel which was recently upgraded. No parks are operated by the Township. In 1990 nearly five miles of roads were improved, and the Township is planning on improving many of the County line roads in 1991. Like most of the townships in Midland County, Warren Township depends on septic tanks for sewage disposal and individual wells for sources of water. The City provides its residents with both water and sewage disposal. Coleman owns and operates several parks. The largest existing park in the City is Adams Street Park. This five-acre park consists of a Little League Field, two tennis courts, a picnic shelter, a picnic area, playground equipment, restrooms, parking and electrical hookup capabilities for up to six campers. The two-acre Jackson Street Park consists of one lighted softball field and a concession Some of the problems currently facing the Township include discarded material in and around residential areas, road conditions and housing. The housing problems relate to the lack of quality, affordable housing and the lack of housing for senior citizens. G-19 I I I I I �• • • • include deteriorated road and bridge conditions, and discarded materials in residential areas. stand. The one-acre Lion's Park contains a basketball court and a small forested area. Mary Street Park is also one acre in size and has not yet been developed. Land to develop a new park (11 acres) has recently been acquired by the City. The Planning Commission has recently attended several planning seminars and would like to develop a master plan. They have recently developed a rental code. The City Planning Commission has adopted a comprehensive master plan. Some of the City's future plans include improving the exterior of the City Hall and improving the City's parks, in addition to improving the downtown for businesses and services. Industrial and residential developments are also addressed in the master plan. Jerome Township is directly east of Geneva Township with the Village of Sanford located within the Township. The Township has a Township Hall and two fire stations - one built in 1972 and one built in 1978. In 1990, two miles of roads were improved with several sections slated for improvement in 1991. In addition to road improvements, 1. 5 miles of watermains were installed in 1990 with 3.5 miles scheduled for 1991. While most of the Township is serviced with water, septic tanks are used for sewage disposal. The Township maintains no parks, but five County parks are located within the Township. Road improvements within the City are performed by the Department of Public Works and financed through a 5-mill tax levy. Geneva Township is south of Warren Township on the western edge of the County. The Township Hall, which is the only buildlng or facility operated by the Township, is a converted school building built in the 1920s. Current issues in Jerome Township include the need for a sewage system and the proposed County rails-to-trails park system. Many residents are concerned that a linear park such as the rails-to-trails system crossing through the Township would be difficult to maintain and police. Other concerns about the trail system include excessive noise created by snowmobilers and trail users trespassing on properties adjacent to the trail system. An average of two miles of road improvements are performed annually only 25 percent of the roads in the Township are paved. Similar to other rural townships in Midland County, Geneva Township depends on septic tanks for sewage disposal and individual wells for a source of water. The Township's land is mostly devoted to residential and agricultural uses. No growth has occurred in the past five years and the Township has no industry. Problems currently facing the Township The Township has a number of future plans. In the immediate future is the reorganization of the water system that will be jointly owned and operated by G-20 �and improve the roadways and drainage. One of the Village's problems include lack of sewers. Jerome Township, Lincoln Township and Sanford. Also, the Township is planning on having the entire Township covered with water service. Lincoln Township is located east of Jerome Township with a Township Hall that is located in a renovated school building and a fire hall that is in a converted school building. The Township maintains a one-acre park that has a ball diamond and a soccer field. Nearly all of the Township's roads (95%) are hard surfaced. In 1990 and 1991, 1.5 miles of roads were improved each year. Water is provided to 50 percent of the population and encompasses 20 percent of the Township area. Similar to Jerome Township, sewage in Lincoln Township is disposed of in septic tanks. In 1992 and 1993 the Township is planning on improving Saginaw Road, and within five years the Township wants all of its roads to be paved. The Township has no comprehensive master plan but has adopted an updated land use plan map and is currently updating its zoning ordinance. Village of Sanford is located within Jerome Township with Lincoln Township bordering the Village's eastern boundary. No full-time employees work for the Village and no buildings are owned or operated by the Village. Space is rented from the Chamber of Commerce for public meetings and other Village functions. The Township is currently using a bond to expand its water system to other areas within the Township. Another goal is to maintain and improve the existing roads. The Village is within Midland County Water District No. 1 with 100 percent coverage. While the Village is serviced with water, sewage disposal is still provided by individual septic tanks. Larkin Township is on the east side of Midland County, directly north of the City of Midland. The Township owns and operates three buildings - the Township Hall, the fire hall and a concession stand in the park. Larkin Township Park is located on 40 acres of land with six ball diamonds and a picnic area and is planning the addition of a pavilion. Over 95 percent of the Village's streets are hard surface. In 1991, 9.5 miles of roads were slated for improvement. The Village maintains a 10-acre park. The park consists of three ball diamonds, a boat launch, a pavilion, picnic tables, a basketball court and play equipment. A County operated park is also located within the Village. The Township has a broad range of housing with prices ranging between $20,000 and $330,000. The Township has a good road system in good repair. Annually, three miles of roads are resurfaced in the Township. In 1989 all of the residential subdivisions were resurfaced. While Larkin Township differs from many of the County's rural The Village was planning on starting a master plan in 1991. Some of the Village's current goals are to maintain G-21 I 1 l I l I l �townships it shares similarities - there is no water system and no sanitary sewer system. The northern two-thirds of the Township is generally rural in nature while the southern one-third is included in the Midland Urban Area Growth Plan. Larkin Township is working closely with the City of Midland to develop the area into a more urban area that will contain a variety of land uses such as residential, commercial and light industry. The commercial area will be concentrated along Eastman Road. land overlooking Dow Pond with a playground and is an excellent area for bird watching; Bob Moe Park has facilities that include two ballfields. Larkin Township updated its master plan in 1992. The Township land use plan is functionally coordinated with the City of Midland land use plan. Issues currently facing the Township include providing quality low-cost housing, controlling commercial growth, and preparing the roads for any additional traffic from commercial growth and annexation. .The City of Midland will only annex land if property owners are willing to be annexed - Midland will not force annexation in Larkin Township. City of Midland is located on the east The main problems currently facing the Township are the lack of sanitary sewer and water systems. Future plans include developing water and sewer systems and the development of a 39-acre park adjacent to the new Administration Building. Midland Township's master plan was last updated in 1992. side of Midland County and is bordered by Midland, Larkin, Homer, Ingersoll and Williams townships in Bay County. Midland is the center for all of the County's manufacturing, commercial, educational, business and government activities and is further developed than any other area in the County. The population of Midland County is also centered around Midland with 50.0 percent of the County's residents living in Midland. With the large population base centered in or around Midland, the City offers a higher level of services to its residents than is possible for other areas in the County. In addition to providing recreation services and a dial-a-ride transit system for its residents, the City maintains an infrastructure which includes a street system, a community water system and a sanitary sewer system. Midland has several parks that offer the residents a variety of recreational opportunities. Total acreage for the City's parks is over 1,000 acres - many of which are currently undeveloped. Midland Township is actually three separate areas, divided by the City of Midland. . Unlike any of the other townships in the County, Midland Township has a police force that consists of three officers while most of the County's townships do not employ any full-time employees. In 1990, Midland Township opened a new Township Administration Building. There are two fire stations - one built in 1952 with the auxiliary station built in 1968. Nearly all of the Township's roads are hardsurfaced and an average of two miles of roads are annually improved. Midland Township maintains two parks: Whiting Overlook Park is located on 15 acres of In order to maintain the existing services and facilities the City has a work force of G-22 �improvements drainage. 453 employees - 354 full-time and 98 part-time. Included in the total figure is a police force consisting of 47 officers, detectives and supervisors. The City's fire department also consists of 47 employees which includes firefighters, inspectors, vehicle operators and supervisors. are targeted towards Problems facing the Township include the lack of protection from annexation by Midland and poor water quality. Homer Township is also in need of a new zoning ordinance. The last one was voted down. At this time, the Planning Commission is working on a new zoning ordinance and feels the 1987 master plan needs to be updated. The City Planning Commission adopted an updated land use plan and a streets and highway plan in 1991. The basic changes to the City's master plan include accommodation of new growth on the periphery of the City, primarily in the northern and northwestern areas. Future plans for Homer Township include installing a water system throughout the Township, if approved by the Township residents, and developing a sanitary sewer system in a large portion of the Township. Recently a 20-acre site was purchased to use as a test well. Future plans include the construction of a new Township Hall and the development of additional park space. Homer Township is located west of the City of Midland and Midland Township. The Township employs two full-time and two part-time Department of Public Works personnel. The Township Hall is located in a converted school building. The Township has two fire stations both built in the 1960s with an auxiliary station built in 1986. In addition to the Township Hall and the fire stations, Homer Township also operates a maintenance building built in 1962. Lee Township is located west of Homer Township with one full-time employee - a caretaker. The Township Hall was built in 1930 with the fire hall built in 1981. An average of two miles of roads are improved annually and 75 percent of the roads in the Township are hard-surfaced. The five-acre Township park is located on an 80-acre site with a pavilion, two softball fields, one soccer field and a picnic area. The Township has two parks: Homer Township Park occupying 12 acres of land with four softball diamonds, one baseball diamond, playground equipment, a picnic area and a pavilion. New restrooms were scheduled for completion by the summer of 1991 ; Windover Park is located on seven acres with one ball diamond. Like most of the townships in Midland County, Lee Township depends on septic tanks for sewage disposal and individual wells for water. All of the roads in the Township are hardsurfaced. In 1985, four miles of road improvements were completed and in 1990, two miles were improved. In 1991, Some of the problems currently facing the Township include the cost of solid waste disposal, the condition of the roads, the availability of quality water, G-23 �Ill -Ill II JI II Jasper Township is located in the southeast corner of Midland County. The Township Hall built in 1911 was just remodeled and is the only facility operated by the Township. Between 1987 and 1991 nearly 1O miles of roads were improved consisting of adding gravel or reblacktopping surfaces. Less than 25 percent of the roads are hardsurfaced. and the lack of regulations relating to scrap yards. The Planning Commission is currently updating the master plan. The last update of the plan was in 1979. The zoning ordinance was recently updated. Lee Township's Mure plans include developing additional recreation space, and locating a site for a commercial/ industrial park. A water system is also planned for the future. Like most of the rural townships in the County, Jasper has no water system or sanitary sewer system. Individual wells provide potable water and septic tanks are used for sewage disposal. Fire protection is provided through the Mid Michigan Community Fire Department located in St. Louis in Gratiot County. This department also covers portions of Bethany and Pine River townships, as well as the City of St. Louis. Greendale Township is located on the western edge of the County and is west of Lee Township. The Township Hall was renovated in the 1970s and is the only major building maintained. The only other buildings or facilities operated by the Township are two storage buildings. The County primary roads are the only hard surfaced roads - most of the roads are gravel. Annually, one and one-half miles of roads are improved which generally consist of adding gravel and improving ditching. Issues that are currently facing the Township include the inability to enforce the building code and the consideration of Jasper Township as a site for the disposal of low-level radioactive waste. Problems facing the Township include road conditions, funding road improvements, and old oil wells. The Michigan Department of Natural Resources is currently working with Sun Oil Company to cleanup 60 to 70 oil wells in the Township. After the sites are cleaned and sealed, the oil company will be allowed to sell the property. The 1987 master plan is currently being updated by the Planning Commission. No major development is currently planned for the Township, but a joint recycling program is being planned with Lee Township and Porter Township. Porter Township is on the southern border of Midland County, east of Jasper Township. The Township Hall which was built in 1933 and a maintenance building are maintained by the Township. The majority of roads in the Township are gravel and annually one mile of roads are improved. Like the surrounding townships, Porter Township has no The Township worked with a consultant in 1988 to update its master plan. Additionally, a new zoning ordinance is in the process of being adopted. No major development is currently planned for Greendale Township. G-24 �homes. It is also felt that a noise ordinance should be put in place and that wind generator towers and manmade lakes should be regulated. consolidated sewer or water system. Individual wells provide water, and septic tanks are used for disposal of sewage. One of the problems currently facing the Township includes the condition of the roads. The problem is the lack of knowledge concerning which roads will be improved and when they will be improved. Another problem facing the Township relates to discarded materials in residential areas. A lack of awareness also exists concerning building codes and other ordinances - many residents are either unaware of the codes or choose to ignore them. An ordinance to control mobile homes is also felt to be needed in the Township. There are no major developments planned in the immediate Mure. Ingersoll Township is located in the southeast corner of Midland County. The Township operates one building the Township Hall - which was built in 1978. No parks are maintained by the Township. Annually, two miles of roads are improved with 80 percent of the roads in the Township being hardsurfaced. Ingersoll Township has no sewer system or water system. Sewage is handled by septic systems with water provided by individual wells. The Planning Commission is currently updating the master plan and hopes to be able to use much of the information generated by the County's Comprehensive Plan. No major development is currently planned for the Township, but since agriculture is important to the area, Porter Township wants to preserve much of its agricultural land. Issues that currently face the Township include the possibility of annexation by the City of Midland, and additional development in Ingersoll Township relating to the nearby Midland Cogeneration Venture, and the rezoning of agricultural land to residential. Mount Haley Township is located on the southern border of Midland County, directly east of Porter Township. The Township Hall was built in the 1980s and is operated by the Township. No parks are maintained by the Township. All roads are hard-surfaced and between one and two miles of roads are improved annually. Like the majority of townships in Midland County, no consolidated sewer or water systems exist. The Township updated its land use plan map in 1992. Libraries Two principal libraries serve the general public. Grace A. Dow Memorial Library provides service to the City of Midland, which operates the system, and to 12 townships through contractual arrangements. The library is part of the White Pine Library Cooperative, a network of 34 public libraries in a 10county area. Issues the Township is currently facing include discarded material in residential areas, the quality of housing in parts of the Township and the control of mobile G-25 �•II • • •II • I The library's collection contains over 225,000 items. In addition to printed materials such as books, magazines, newspapers and periodicals, the library also circulates films, video cassettes, compact discs, records and tapes. The library provides children's programming and informational services and is affiliated with the Midland County Literacy Council. As a service to many of the area's senior citizens, the library operates a revolving book program at four area nursing homes. Midland Community Television, a cable TV station, is also a part of the library. the Coleman Library is a part of the White Pine Library Cooperative. In addition to printed materials such as books, magazines, newspapers and periodicals, the library circulates video tapes, cassette tapes and records. VCRs, cameras and other equipment can be rented from the library. There are two full-time staff members and the library provides summer reading material. Two of the library's main problems are the lack of space and inadequate funding. No plans for the expansion of the library's facilities or services currently exist. The main goal is to maintain existing facilities - both interior and exterior. Operational support is provided from the City of Midland, contractual township arrangements, funding through a 0.3 mil levy, gifts, memorials, and fund raising through the Friends of the Library. The library has 55 employees, of which 36 are full-time. Additionally, volunteer services contribute to library operation. Medical and Emergency Facilities Emergency Medical Services: The MidMichigan Regional Medical Center, through a fixed fee annual contract with Midland County, provides emergency medical services coverage for the entire County. Four vehicles are staffed and operated from three locations: Currently under construction is an 18,000-square-foot addition, which will alleviate the current space shortage the library is experiencing. The library is also exploring the possibility of establishing several satellite libraries throughout the service area. These satellites will not offer full library services - as branch libraries often do - but would make many of the library's resources more convenient to a larger number of residents. - Two primary and two back-up vehicles operate from the Midland Hospital Center, 4005 Orchard Drive, Midland. - One vehicle operates from 3077 North Meridian Road in Jerome Township. Coleman Area Library located at 231 E. Railway in a former bank, was opened in 1968. The bank building was built in 1905. _ One vehicle operates from 855 East Railway Street, Coleman. The library has over 10,000 volumes and is funded through a voted millage. As with the Grace A. Dow Memorial Library, These vehicles respond to approximately 3,300 calls annually. Response time within the City of Midland averages 3.8 minutes with an out-county average of 7.8 minutes. G-26 �MidMichigan Regional Medical Center No additional vehicles, staff or locations are planned. The principal medical facility serving the County is the MidMichigan Regional Medical Center, located at 4005 Orchard Drive in the City of Midland. The hospital has 307 beds. A $10.5 million expansion was completed in 1986 that houses some ancillary operations including the radiology section, additional laboratories and emergency services. Additional expansion occurred between 1986 and 1988. The Medical Center is in the process of acquiring additional adjacent land for expansion and anticipates its current facility will double in size within the next 15 years. A portion of Midland County is served by the Breckenridge-Wheeler Rescue Service. Porter Township is in the service area of the rescue service which covers 100 square miles in both Midland County and Gratiot County. The centrally dispatched service has one rescue unit, 12 volunteers, and operates out of the Breckenridge-Wheeler Fire Department. Department of Emergency Services: This County department is responsible for disaster or emergency planning for events such as tornados, floods, plane crashes or national emergencies. Through analysis of County development patterns, population projections, industrial hazard identification and various drills and exercises, contingencies for reaction to disasters are developed. A limited number of emergency care facilities are also available in the City of Midland. These facilities are designed to handle short-term medical problems or emergencies, or if unable to provide necessary care, refer cases to the MidMichigan Regional Medical Center. The Department has one full-time employee that is assisted by one parttime employee. Some of the problems that face the Department include limited staffing, an inadequate public warning system and an increasing amount of requirements that are being placed on the Department by the State and Federal governments. Midland County Fairground The fairground is located northwest of Eastman Road and U.S. 10 on a 130acre site. Existing facilities include: - Thirty-eight buildings: 13 exhibit buildings 13 service buildings 7 administrative buildings 5 horse-related buildings - A harness racing track with covered grandstand seating 1,700 to 1,800 spectators - Horse show arena - Four camping areas, covering two and one-half acres - Restroom facilities Future needs revolve around a requirement for a suitable emergency operations center with adequate radio and telephone communication links with any public or private agency which may be involved in an emergency response situation. The County Sheriff operates a communication station in Sanford which could be upgraded to serve as the center. G-27 l 1 l l l l �• • • • •I • • • • • teachers in the four major Midland County school districts during the 19901991 school year. These counts do not include the other five public school systems or any of the private/ parochial schools in Midland County . General public use of the fairground is from May through September, with the County fair held in August. Aside from the fair, the other activities for which the grounds are used include picnics, camping, horse shows, antique shows and soccer games held on fields established by the Midland City Parks Department. The Fourth of July celebration is the largest single event of the year. In the winter months the buildings are rented out for storage of individuals' boats, RVs and other items. FIGURE 12 1990-1991 STUDENT COUNTS 7,000 There are three year-around employees and an additional 10-20 employees are hired in the summer months - depending on the events. 6 ,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 Existing development around the fairground limits any expansion of the facility. This is seen as a problem as parking requirements continue to increase . Improvements to the fairground have been laid out in the fairground's master plan. In . 1991 , the construction of a gazebo and the improvement of watermains and roads are planned. The main improvements scheduled to occur between 1991 and 2000 include: FIGURE 13 1990-1991 TEACHER COUNTS - The construction of a covered arena - Improvements to the swine and sheep facilities - Paving of streets Maintenance - New merchant building - Replacement of one restaurant 3}0. . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 500 400 JOO 200 100 o..._=~--'---· ··=····--! · . ..........,.;;,--=.1--1..;,,.........___. o~ G ~ ~~ ~~ zoo ~ ::,c::~Q ;s~Q ::S?Q Public Educational Facilities <Jo §56 ~CL.V> Midland County is served by nine school districts and a number of parochial and private schools. Figures 12 and 13 show the student counts and number of -~~- s~30 ::%:UQ..V> E5~ ~ ~V> SOURCE: Gove Associates Inc. G-28 ~~- 35 5 UC..V> �Table 41 identifies the student counts for the four major school districts in the County from the 1979-80 school year through the 1991-92 school year. Projections to the 1993-94 school year have been provided by three school districts. The student counts show that between the 1979-80 school year and the 1991-92 school year enrollment for the four school districts decreased by 18.1 percent, or from 16,026 to 13,121. The school year with the lowest student count was 1990-91, with 12,976 students. Over the 12-year period all of the four school districts decreased. Meridian Public Schools had the greatest percentage decrease (19.0%) and Coleman Public Schools had the smallest percentage decrease (16.4%). When long-range trends are studied it is apparent that student counts have decreased. The number of school age children in Midland County decreased dramatically between 1980 and 1990. Table 40 shows that in 1990 there were 2.0 percent fewer pre-school age children in the County than in 1980. A more dramatic decrease occurred in the age group that incudes elementary students, junior high school students and high school students. Between 1980 and 1990, the number of youth between the ages of five and 17 decreased by 16. 1 percent. This decrease leaves many school districts with surplus building space. The number of young adults in the transitional age group (moving from high school to college, jobs, or other situations) decreased by 20.8 percent between 1980 and 1990. Additionally the number of college age residents decreased by 13.6 percent during the same period. TABLE 40 NUMBER OF SCHOOL AGE RESIDENTS IN MIDLAND COUNTY: 1980-1990 %Change 1980-1990 Age Group 1980 1990 Under 5 (Pre-School) 5,812 5,697 -2.0 5-17 (Elementary, Middle and High School) 17,881 15,011 -16.1 18-20 (Transitional) 4,395 3,479 -20.8 21-24 4,957 4,282 -13.6 (College) , SOURCE: U.S. Census of Population 1980, 1990 G-29 I �• • • • •fl The Midland Public School District increased from 8,368 in 1988-89 to 8,608 TABLE 41 STUDENT COUNTS IN MIDLAND COUNTY SCHOOL DISTRICTS II • • in 1991-92, a 2.9 percent increase. Bullock Creek Public School system increased during the same time period from 1,742 students to 1,822 students. Coleman Public Schools enrollment decreased by 3.9 percent and Meridian Public Schools enrollment decreased by 7. 7 percent between the 1988-89 and 1991-92 school years. More recent student counts have shown increases in two of the four districts . Between the 1988-89 and 1991-92 school years the total number of students in the four school districts increased by 1.1 percent, or from 12,977 students to 13,121 students. Midland Public Schools Coleman Public Schools Bullock Creek Public Schools Meridian Public Schools Total 1979-1980 10,534 1,364 2,215 1,913 16,026 1980-1981 10,058 1,324 2,091 1,898 15,371 1981-1982 9,799 1,273 1,994 1,846 14,912 1982-1983 9,540 1,275 1,937 1,816 14,568 1983-1984 9,403 1,316 1,889 1,805 14,413 -10.7 -3.5 -14.7 -5.6 -10.1 1984-1985 8,858 1,296 1,811 1,760 13,725 1985-1986 8,601 1,222 1,784 1,817 13,424 1986-1987 8,594 1,221 1,746 1,840 13,401 1987-1988 8,612 1,163 1,718 1,667 13,160 -2.8 -10.2 -5.1 -5.3 -4.1 1988-1989 8,368 1,187 1,742 1,680 12,977 1989-1990 8,474 1,166 1,724 1,686 13,050 1990-1991 8,415 1,192 1,766 1,603 12,976 1991-1992 8,608 1,141 1,822 1,550 13,121 %Change 1989-1992 +2.9 -3.9 +4.6 -7.7 1.1 %Change 1980-1992 -18.3 -16.4 -17.7 -19.0 -18.1 %Change 1980-1984 %Change 1985-1988 Projections 1992-1993 8,748 1,138 1,862 No Projections 1993-1994 8,832 1,173 1,897 No Projections SOURCE: Midland County School Districts, 1991 G-30 �l costly and difficult. The school districts should work together to examine alternatives and decide what is best for all the districts. Overall, since the 1979-80 school year there have been two years where student counts were higher than the previous year for the combined student counts of the four districts. The 1989-90 count of 13,050 was 0.6 percent higher than the 1988-89 count. The only other year that showed an overall increase in enrollment from the previous year was the 1991-92 school year with a student count of 13, 121, or 1.1 percent over the previous year's count of 12,976. With overall student counts showing increases in two recent school years (1989-90 and 199192) it is apparent that a leveling off in student enrollment is occurring in the area. Given Woods and Poole's forecast of school-age population (fable 10), close monitoring, and inter-school district communications will be necessary to fully understand if a shift in the enrollment trend is occurring. Meridian Public School System had a total of 1,742 K through 12 students according to the 1990-91 Fourth Friday Student Count. An additional 55 students were enrolled in adult education or high school completion programs for a total of 1,797 students. The students attend one of the district's six schools. Elementary students (K-6) attend one of the three elementary schools - Meridian, Sanford or Hillside Elementary School. Middle school students (7-8) attend the one junior high school in the district and the senior high students (9-12) attend Meridian High School. The Meridian Pubic school system also has an adult and community education building. Implications for declining school districts include reduced levels of state aid, school closings and staff changes. However, changing job technologies and equipment may provide additional opportunities for adult education and retraining programs. Funding for such programs may be available through the State of Michigan. The school district has 185 employees of which 100 are teachers. The district's 19 bus drivers transported an average of 1,550 students daily during the 1990-91 school season - or nearly 90 percent of the district's students. Additionally, two bus attendants are required for special education runs. The Meridian Public School system encompasses 100 square miles and includes the following townships: Edenville, Hope, Lee, Lincoln, Homer and Larkin. Additionally, the Village of Sanford is within the school district's boundaries. In terms of land uses for schools, many school grounds are also used for recreational purposes in the neighborhoods in which they are located. Sale or reuse of these areas may impact on the availability of recreation space. However, should additional classroom space be needed in the Mure, new construction may have to be undertaken. On the other hand some facilities may have vacant, unused space. Maintenance for a closed building could be Many of the challenges facing the school district in 1991 are related to funding. The district is currently at the peak millage limit (50 mils), so additional funding is difficult to obtain. The G-31 'i i 1 1 _11 I I J I I I I I • • • �•II • •II • • • I runs as well as one special education run . demographics of the County are directly related to the school district's funding difficulties - very little of the County's wealth is located in the rural portions of Midland County. Maintaining the existing facilities with the current funding has become difficult. Additionally, hiring specialists in a variety of curricula is often difficult. The Coleman Public School system encompasses 113 square miles of land and includes the following townships: Denver and Wise townships in Isabella County; Geneva, Warren, Greendale, Jerome and Edenville townships in Midland County. Additionally, the City of Coleman is within the school district's boundaries. Due to funding problems and the fact that student enrollment decreased by five percent between the 1986-87 school year and the 1990-91 school year, Mure plans for the district do not include any physical expansion. Future efforts will be concentrated on maintaining the existing facilities and improving curricular programs. Also in the school district's plans is the necessary updating of the district's bus fleet. Most of the challenges facing this school district are funding related. The district lost a millage election in April of 1991 this restricts the restructuring of the school district that was scheduled to occur which included a combined preparation period for teachers that would create a more efficient use of time for both teachers and students. Another problem facing the district is the age of the bus fleet. In 1991 the average bus in the school district was between nine and ten years old. Coleman Public School System had a total of 1, 192 students on the 1990-91 Fourth Friday Student Count (Figure 12). This number includes grades K through 12. No adult education students are included in the count due to the fact that the Coleman School District has formed a consortium with the Midland Public Schools and the Bullock Creek School District to provide adult education for residents in these districts. Due to insufficient funds and a 2.3 percent decrease in enrollment since the 1986-87 school year, no physical expansion of the school district is planned within the next five years. A new fleet of school busses will be required due to the age of the existing fleet. Additionally, the school district plans to change to a "bottom-up" method of management. Students in the Coleman Public School system attend one of the district's three schools - the Elementary School (K-5), the Middle School (6-8), or the High School (9-12). Additionally, the district has an auto shop building for students in grades 11 and 12. Bullock Creek School System had a total of 1,766, K-12 students on the Fourth Friday Student count of the 1990-1991 school year (Figure 12). Additionally, 380.25 (fraction due to part-time students) adult education students attend the Bullock Creek School System. With The school district has 125 employees of which 62 are teachers (Figure 13). The district has 16 bus drivers for regular G-32 �1 adult education included in the student total, Bullock Creek had 2, 146.25 students. Bullock Creek receives adult education students from two other school districts as well as their own. The Midland Public School District and the Coleman Public Schools have formed a consortium with the Bullock Creek School District that provides adult education to residents of the three districts. The school district plans improvements for the Mure. Physical plans include expanding Floyd Elementary School. Other plans include determining where the Mure needs will be as the large group of elementary students advance through the school system. The school district is also implementing a strategic plan called "Bullock Creek 2000," which addresses restructuring the district's curriculum and facilities. This school district has five school buildings. Three of the schools are for elementary students (K-5). These include Floyd Elementary, Bullock Creek Elementary and Pine River Elementary. The Middle School is for students in the sixth through eight grades and the High School serves students in grades 9 through 12. Midland Public School System, with a 1990-91 Fourth Friday Student Count of 8,419 K-12 students (Figure 12), is the largest school district in Midland County and ranks 28th in size of the 524 school districts in Michigan. The adult education students are not included in the school district student count. Adults in the school district attend classes in the Bullock Creek School District which has formed a consortium with the Midland School District and the Coleman School District to provide adult education for residents of the three districts. The school district has 350 employees, of which 101 are K-12 teachers (Figure 13). Due to the rural nature of the school district, the 23 bus drivers are responsible for transporting 98 percent of the students to and from school. The district also has four special education runs. The district encompasses 125 square miles of land and includes the following townships: Ingersoll, Mount Haley, Lee, Porter, Greendale, Midland and Homer. The K-12 students attend one of the 17 schools in the district. Elementary students (K-6) attend either Adams, Carpenter, Chestnut Hill, Chippewassee, Cook, Eastlawn, Longview, Mills, Parkdale, Plymouth, Siebert or Woodcrest Elementary School. Intermediate students in grades 7 through 9 attend either Central, Jefferson or Northeast Intermediate School. The Midland School District's High School students (grades 10-12) attend H.H. Dow High School or Midland High School. Additionally, the school district has the Ashman Special Education Center and the Leiphart Alternative Education Center. Some of the problems facing the school district are related to funding - the District has a relatively low State Equalized Valuation (SEV) and a relatively high school millage rate. Additional problems are related to growth in the area - the western portion of the district (Greendale Township) has grown by 20 percent in population between 1980 and 1990. G-33 I I 1 I I I I I I I •I ~ �expanded vocational and career offerings, expand gifted and talented programs, new models for staff development, enhanced summer study programs, expanded programs in foreign language and physical education, a new emphasis on programs for "at risk" youth, compliance with Public Act 25 and a closer working relationship with area businesses. The school district has 535 teachers (Figure 13) and 70 administrators as well as 615 other employees. The school district has 60 busses and transports approximately 4,000 students daily - a much lower percentage of total students than any of the other school districts in Midland County. The school district encompasses 137 square miles and includes the eastern third of Midland County, including the City of Midland. • I Colleges and Universities Delta College, with 11,000 academic students, has more students than any of the area's other colleges. The college is a two-year institution that offers 17 types of occupational certificates and 53 occupational associate degrees. Additionally, 36 types of transfer degrees are offered, with the option to tailor a program to suit a student's particular needs. Other programs include training for correction officers and emergency medical technicians. In addition to working closely with students to design a personalized program, Delta College works closely with General Motors and other companies to design programs which enhance the employees' work skills and improve the companies' final products. Problems that have faced this school district in the past have not typically been funding related. This can be attributed to much of the County's wealth being in the City of Midland. While funding has not been a major problem in the past, it now plays a part in the way the school district operates. Another challenge facing the school district is keeping up-to-date with the latest in education and equipment. Finally, the most difficult problem is determining where growth will occur. This is especially important since many of the school district's elementary schools are running out of space. Some of the physical changes that have recently occurred in the school district include the addition of several "modulars" to some of the elementary schools and the renovation of an elementary school into a math and science center. One of the Mure physical changes includes improved bus facilities. Delta College serves the residents and businesses of Midland County, Bay County and Saginaw County. The college is located on one square mile of land in Bay County, two miles southwest of Bay City, which consists of one large building with several wings for the different programs. There are 500 fulltime employees, of which 221 are instructors and 500 part-time employees, many of which are instructors. The school district has plans for changing the structure of the district over the next five years. Some of these changes include restructuring the elementary and intermediate schools, a new emphasis on reading instruction, G-34 �• • •II • • • • • • • I. GLADWIN d I . I 51 I a: ' C4RTIS w I I ' I '--r~· ., I -,---r. I z 0 :·,; .•. I d .I ____.a,--:,.:· >- I- ' I z ::J 0 u C..,.--+..._- - r- - - PUBLIC SCHOOL DISTRICTS 0 z MIDLAI\JD COUNlY, MICHIGAN a.. ~ ' I t;;~;:;.::;::r-""l,-W,l--.....__,_-4-......:,.....JI..-'., . ·. I - -7~~~~~~~-~·0--L---L~ -~ _···/J I 4., . _.__-;:,,,,.~~~:'.-.~:-r.---~· <?:) .•• ...... I LEGEND >--<( (D • HIGH SCHOOLS ■ JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOLS • ELEMENT ARY SCHOOLS I o ;--..: _ J___ i___ l__ :. :. . ~.__ -T<Mal 'f" ·---··! 0 I ., , I ....._I I I i '. -~~-- .... < ,• •• ••• !•~•• •>--- +'--""~--□ --l 1-- z ::J 0 0 SOURCE : MIDLAND COUNTY 3:: <( z c3 <( (/) 0 6250 12500 25000 37500 Gove Associates Inco ,. SAGINAW .I GRATIOT MERRILL 1601 Portage Street Kalamuoo, Michigan ◄ 9001 G-35 �••••••• TABLE 42 PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEMS •:,: # of Students School District G) K-12 (4th Friday 1990-91 School Year # of # of # of Teachers Total Staff Elementary Schools '•'• Intermediate Schools # of High Schools Other Major Buildings Adult Education ,•,:•. ,•: :,: .-· (# of Students Service Area Midland Public Schools 8,419 535 1,220 12 (K-6) 3 (7-9) 2 (10-12) Special Education Center; Alternative Education Center * Eastern third of Midland County (143 Sq. Miles) Coleman Public Schools 1,192 62 126 1 (K-5) · 1 (6-8) 1 (9-12) Auto Shop * Isabella County: Denver & Wise townships Midland County: Geneva, Warren, Jerome Greendale & Edenville townships City of Coleman** (113 Sq. Miles) Bullock Creek Public Schools 1,766 101 350 3 1 1 Meridian Public Schools 1,742 100 368 3 (K-6) 1 (7-8) 1 (9-12) ~ *Consortium with Bullock Creek School District **May not Include entire township SOURCE: School Districts: Midland, Coleman, Bullock, Meridian - Adult and Community Education Building 380.25 55 Ingersoll, Mount Haley, Lee, Porter, Greendale, Midland and Homer** townships Edlnvllle, Hope, Lee, Lincoln, Jerome, Homer, Larkin townships; City of Sanford** �leased classroom space at the Consumers Power Company Training Center. In 1988, the existing Midland Campus facilities were built on 1O acres of land at 3555 East Patrick Road. One problem the college is currently facing is the lack of adequate space for the growing number of students. Keeping up with technology is another problem the college faces. To provide an education that is as up-to-date as possible requires that equipment be replaced as advances in technology are made - a costly but necessary process. Great Lakes Junior College offers associates degrees in accounting, business administration, executive secretarial, administration secretarial, word processing specialist, electronics/ computer repair technician, data accounting, data management, legal secretarial, medical assistant, court reporting, finance administration and paralegal/legal assistant. The Midland Campus offers all of the above programs except court reporting. The college has made plans for the Mure, one of which is to purchase several off-campus buildings to relieve the current and projected lack of space. Another goal is the expansion of long distance learning programs, by offering more televised programs as well as taped programs. The college is also planning on expanding its relationship with area companies through more interactive job training and other programs tailored for specific companies. The Midland Campus has 40 instructors and 20 support staff, with students from Bay, Midland, Saginaw, Clare and Isabella counties. With the rapidly changing technology that exists in today's work world, Delta College has recognized the need to update peoples job skills - even those that already have a specialized degree. This will be done by offering what the college calls "Continued Education Units" - these units will help to keep degrees current by treating a degree as an ongoing process instead of a final product. One of the challenges that the college currently faces is finding enough staff to instruct the increasing number of students. Funding is one of the other problems. At the time of this Plan update there are no major plans for expansion of the campus. A new nursing wing was added in 1991 to the original building that was built in 1988. Great Lakes Junior College consists of five campuses throughout the Saginaw Bay area - Midland, Bay City, Saginaw, Caro and Bad Axe all have campuses. The Midland Campus has the largest number of students of the five campuses. Of the 1,960 students enrolled in the Spring of 1991, 643 (33%) attended the Midland Campus. The Campus was established in 1983 and until 1988 had Saginaw Valley State University is located midway between Midland, Bay City and Saginaw on Pierce Road in Saginaw County. The university occupies 728 acres of land and had 6,212 students in the Fall of 1990. The university offers over 40 undergraduate majors as well as interdisciplinary majors. Pre-medicine, pre-law, pre-dentistry and pre-theology G-37 • •I ·- -I ., -1 l • • •-. l �classes are instructors. advisor assistance programs are also offered as well as programs designed to prepare elementary and secondary teachers for certification. Five graduate programs are offered which include criminal justice/political science, teaching, education, business administration and master of science in nursing. The University's Business and Industrial Development Institute and Applied Technology Research Center provides services to existing and emerging local companies to encourage expansion, diversification and profitability. taught by part-time The university is currently in the preliminary design phase of a cogeneration plant and a business development center. Some of the university's ongoing goals include attracting more students from Midland County as well as improving the quality and variety of education. The university plans on adding one or two more master's programs as well. Michigan Molecular Institute is a less traditional - and more specialized - form of higher education located on 40 acres of land in Midland's Discovery Square. The Institute, Central Michigan University and Michigan Technological University established the Michigan Polymer Consortium in 1987. The consortium was formed to allow for advanced studies (Master and Ph.D levels) in polymer science. In 1990 three additional universities - Michigan State, Eastern Michigan and Wayne State were added to the consortium. Of the 6,212 students enrolled in the Fall of 1990, 460 (5%) were from Midland County and over 98 percent from Michigan. Only 10 percent (603) of the university students were campus residents in the Fall of 1990. Nearly 57 percent of the students commuted to school in the daytime and nearly 34 percent in the evening (40 percent of the University courses are offered during evening hours). The university has 160 full-time faculty members, with a total staff of 450. Of the 160 faculty members, 75 percent have doctorate or terminal degrees. In 1991, 55 Saginaw Valley State University employees resided in Midland County. The Michigan Molecular Institute occupies three buildings in Discovery Square. The main building contains 35,000 square feet of physical and chemical research laboratories, a library with an extensive polymer collection as well as space for administration and support facilities. The Composites Laboratory is the second largest building (14,500 square feet) and contains facilities for the fabrication, processing and testing of polymer composites. A conference center with over 7,500 square feet of conference and support space is located next to the composite laboratory. Since 1985 over $60 million in campus construction has been completed and approximately $70 million remains in the planning stages. The major problems facing the university at the time of this Plan update relate to funding and the inability to hire an adequate number of professors. Currently, 35 percent of the university G-38 �which 67 are professors or instructors. The campus also has nearly 50 part-time employees as well as 200 student employees. The Institute offers the largest amount of courses in polymer science in Michigan, possibly the nation. An average of 180 students attend the Michigan Molecular Institute annually. Additionally, 15 consortium students (seven master, eight doctorate) were enrolled at the time of this Plan update. Northwood University is located on 286 acres of land adjacent to the Trttabawasee River in the City of Midland. The campus has 35 buildings for classes, meetings, administration, housing and other uses. Additionally, the campus has an outdoor stadium for sporting events and other large gatherings. The Institute has a staff of 48 - 14 are professional Ph.D research scientists and 14 are research assistants with either master degrees or bachelor degrees. The independent research center began operations in 1972 and is currently involved in work for both the federal government and private industry. The Institute is currently in a growth phase and plans to double its research capabilities as well as increase the number of graduate students. One of the challenges currently facing the University is maintenance of the facilities. Many buildings are 30 years old and are starting to need more frequent repairs. Another problem is the decreasing number of students attending the campus. Northwood University (formerly Northwood Institute) has over 1,700 students and offers a variety of business related courses. After two years, students can earn an associate degree in any of 1O business disciplines. Northwood Institute also offers seven different four-year business administration degrees. It was founded in 1959 and was originally located in Alma, Michigan. Since 1959, Northwood has established three campuses - the Midland Campus, the West Palm Beach, Florida Campus and the Cedar Hill, Texas Campus. Of the three campuses, the Midland Campus is the oldest. The campus has various goals and plans for the Mure. One of the main goals is to continue to educate students and to remain a closed campus. Another goal is to increase the student body to 2,500. The University will be expanding the NADA (National Automobile Dealers Association) Center by adding more classrooms, lodging and conference facilities. Additionally, the campus will require another academic building in the Mure. Community Centers Midland Community Center offers a large variety of activities to Midland County. The Community Center, established by H. H. Dow in 1917, was moved to its current location at 2001 George Street in 1955. Since then, the center has been expanded and improved several times Of the 1,700 students attending the Midland Campus in 1991, over 700 were housed in campus housing - the remaining 1,000 students lived throughout the Midland area. The University has 250 full-time employees of G-39 I I I �- Dance lessons - Children programs - Self defense classes - Marksmanship - Arts and crafts - Camping - Summer day camp - Travel - Curling (located at 700 Grant Court) and has over 155,000 square feet of interior space. Funding for the center comes from a variety of sources - three major sources are fees and charges (60%), United Way (28%) and industries and foundations (12%). Often fees are waived or reduced if potential participants, young or old, cannot afford a particular program. While the Midland Community Center seems to offer a limitless variety of activities, more programs and facilities are scheduled for the future. The Center is currently constructing a shallow warm water pool with a graded slope for easy access. The indoor pool will have warm water jets, game nets and slides, plus a whirlpool and sun deck. The Community Center works cooperatively with several groups. Extensive cooperation exists between the community center and the Midland School District - especially with the sharing of facilities in the summer. The Community Center also works extensively with the City of Midland in programming recreational activities - especially indoor activities. While most of the organizations that work with the Center are large public organizations, the Center also helps smaller organizations to develop fitness programming. West Midland Family Center is located on the corner of M-20 (Isabella Road) and Alamando Road in the western part of Midland County. The Center was established in 1974 to serve the social, educational and recreational needs of the area. In 1989 a new 21,500-square foot facility was built to replace the old school house which had served as the center since 1974. Supporters for construction of the new center included: The following list, taken from the Midland Community Center's 1991 Spring Schedule, shows the variety of programs that are available: - Indoor jogging - Indoor swimming - Weight and nautilus equipment - Steam and sauna facilities - Supervised gymnastics - Fencing - Bridge/ chess teams - Various exercise and aerobic programs - Weight loss programs - Bicycle trips - Basketball and volleyball - Table tennis and football - Billiards - Racquetball and squash - Dorothy Dow Arbury Herbert H. and Grace A. Dow Foundation - Roland M. Gerstacker Foundation _ Dow Chemical Company _ Dow Corning Foundation _ The Strosacker Foundation The furnishings and equipment for the Center were supplied by various local foundations, clubs and individuals. G-40 �as auxiliary spaces. The Center can be rented for private use or other gatherings. The Center provides a broad range of recreational activities and programs for people of all ages. The facilities include classroom space, library, conference room, nursery, offices, activity room, gymnasium, dining room, fitness room, emergency clothing and food. Midland Center for the Arts, dedicated in 1971, was funded entirely through private donations. The 200,000-square-foot facility houses a 1,538-seat auditoriumconcert hall, a 420-seat theater, a 94-seat lecture/recital room, science/history exhibition areas, art galleries, banquet and meeting rooms, music and dance rehearsal rooms, art studios, a computer education center and administrative offices. The West Midland Family Center is a United Way Agency, with 38 percent of operating funds coming from the United Way of Midland County, 31 percent from grants and gifts and 31 percent from government and local support. Future plans for the Center include the construction of two additional classrooms. Additionally, the Center plans on expanding the programs that are currently offered. The Midland Center for the Arts consists of six individual art and cultural organizations which include: - Mills Township Community Center is open year-round and has two permanent programs that operate from the Center. From 7:30 AM to 2:30 PM, the Midland County Council on Aging operates a senior program that includes serving approximately 20 lunch meals at the Center and 60 meals to area residents. Midland Symphony Orchestra Midland Music Society Theater Guild Midland County Historical Society Community Concert Society Midland Art Council Over 200 events and exhibits are presented annually at the center by these organizations. The other ongoing program is an after school program that began operating in February 1991. Currently, 82 students (K-6) are registered for the program with an average daily attendance of 30 students. The program offers tutoring, homework incentives, enrichment, arts and crafts and other activities. A future goal of the after school program is to include older students in the program as well as adults. One of the Center's permanent displays is the Hall of Ideas. The Hall demonstrates how our world has been improved through people's ideas over time. This section of the Center emphasizes participation in nature. The Midland Center for the Arts also sponsors the Matrix Midland Festival, which is an annual event that runs from the end of May to the middle of June. The festival consists of concerts, lectures, demonstrations and many other events. The Community Center, located at 2635 Shearer Road, is owned and operated by Mills Township. The facility has a kitchen and large dining or meeting area as well G-41 ~ ~ ~ -~ "-- / ~ -~ ·• �Salvation Army Building 330 Waldo Road Midland, Michigan Future plans for the Center include expanding the visual arts exhibits as well as the history and science areas. Additionally, many of the permanent exhibits will be replaced, refurbished or remade. One of the six groups - the Midland County Historical Society - will be moved off-site. The society will still be a part of the Center for the Arts, but will move to another location. This will create more room in the Center and provide the Historical Society with additional space. The Midland County Council on Aging is funded through a variety of sources both public and private. Most of the services are provided at no charge to the users, but contributions are appreciated. In addition to providing meals to senior citizens at the established meal sites, a variety of other services are provided including door-to-door transportation throughout Midland County, Case/Care Management, home delivered meals, emergency food, financial assistance for heating, counseling and a variety of other services. Additionally, a monthly newspaper is published to inform residents of area news concerning senior citizens. Senior Citizens Centers The Midland County Council on Aging offers many programs designed to enrich the lives of residents of Midland County who are 60 years of age or older. The Council is located in Midland at the Strosacker Center and operates six senior centers and dining sites throughout Midland County at the following locations: There are currently several issues facing the Midland County Council on Aging. One issue involves funding cutbacks from the State for maintenance, equipment and administration - no services have been reduced or eliminated. Another issue involves the need to integrate developmentally disabled senior citizens into the programs. The third major issue facing the Midland County Council on Aging involves the increase in the number of senior citizens that are over 85 years of age. These residents often require more attention than the younger senior citizens in the County. - Coleman Senior Services Center 110 N. Fifth Street Coleman, Michigan West Midland Family Center 4011-1 /2 West Isabella Road Shepard, Michigan Midland Happy Diners Memorial Presbyterian Church 1310 Ashman Midland, Michigan Museums Mills Township Community Center 2635 E. Shearer Road Midland, Michigan Chippewa Nature Center is located north of Pine River road, south of the Chippewa River between Atwell Drive and Section 23 of Homer Township. Three main buildings are currently located on the Center's 866-acre site. The largest of Sanford Senior Center 113 W. Lincoln Street Sanford, Michigan G-42 �Sanford Museum was established in an early 20th Century brick four-room school building, in conjunction with the Sanford Village Centennial in 1970. Since 1970 the Museum has expanded and now includes seven buildings located on four acres of land. The Museum buildings include the Riverside School, a train depot, the Clare Bailey Chapel, the Smith Log Home and many displays and exhibits. the buildings is the 20,000-square-foot Visitor's Center and Museum. Additional features of the Center include 14 miles of trails, an auditorium, an 1870s style farm complex, a maple syrup house, a paved trail for the handicapped and three miles of frontage on the Chippewa River. Employees at the Nature Center include 13 full-time naturalists and interpreters as well as 19 part-time interpretive guides. The personnel are responsible for the operation of the Center as well as informing people of the natural environment through field trips, lectures, classes, demonstrations and tours of the Museum and trails. In addition to the 29 full-time and part-time employees, the Center had 680 volunteers in 1990. The Museum is deeded to Jerome Township and operated by the Sanford Historic Society which has a total of 137 members. The Society's volunteers perform most of the maintenance and assist in giving tours. A paid hostess gives tours on Saturdays and Sundays between 1 PM and 5 PM, May through September. Prearranged tours are available to schools and other groups year-round. The Chippewa Nature Center has many projects that are near completion, or that have recently been completed. A strategic plan for the Center was started in the Fall of 1990 and is scheduled for completion in the Spring or Summer of 1991. Additionally, a five-year capital improvements plan was completed in the beginning of 1991. A new building is scheduled to be completed prior to the Summer of 1991 which will fill some of the need for additional storage space required for the Center's many collections. Many of the problems facing the Museum are related to maintaining the buildings and grounds. Currently one roof is in need of renovation. No plans for expanding the Museum's facilities exist for the next five years. The main goal at this time is to maintain the Sanford Museum's existing facilities. Midland County Historical Museum is one of six member groups based in the Midland Center for the Arts. The museum has office space, and maintains two permanent exhibit areas at the Center. One 4,000-square-foot room contains a collection which may be viewed by appointment. They also have an open exhibit area on the fourth level of the Center. Other ongoing projects include the maintenance of Bradley House which opened to the public as a museum in 1972. The Museum also Future projects will concentrate on maintaining and refurbishing the Nature Center's existing facilities. Another future project the Center is planning on undertaking involves performing a user survey. This survey will be used by the Center to determine if the existing programs satisfy the desires of the area's residents - or if alternate programs should be developed. -~ -:~ :-.i --~ ._ . G-43 ~. �programs, such as educating the public about the facility's purpose and providing a wider variety of programs for the residents, including more indoor recreation and programs designed for alzheimers and dementia patients. operates a replica of H. H. Dow's original place of experimentation - the Evens Flour Mill. This addition to the Museum was opened in August 1990. County Facilities Pinecrest Home Harbour House Pinecrest Home is a congregate housing facility providing long-term care for persons with a variety of diagnosed mental and physical disabilities. The facilities are located west of the City of Midland in Homer Township on a 160acre site on Homer Road. One hundred acres are leased for farming with the remaining 60 acres used for housing and associated buildings. Harbour House was opened in 1971 by the Volunteers for Youth of Midland as a shelter for abused, neglected or otherwise troubled youths. In December of 1980 control and operation was turned over to the Juvenile Division of Midland County Probate Court. Currently the Harbour House is a ninebed coeducational facility serving adolescents who fall within one of the following situations: The capacity of Pinecrest is 55 persons and it operates with a staff of 17. One vehicle is available for client transportation, with some transportation services supplied by the Council on Aging. _ _ _ Funding is provided by the County, which accounts for about two-thirds of needed revenues, with General Assistance and user revenue making up the balance. The infirmary serves Midland County but can accept residents from other counties if space is available. Cases are generally referred by the Social Services Department and hospitals. The majority of the residents are provided mental health care. Chronic runaways Severe school difficulties Breakdown of family relationships Physical and/or sexual abuse Neglect Criminal behavior One to two months is a typical residency period. Funding is provided entirely through the County Child Care Fund, which is a combination of State and County funds that are to be expended on out-of-home care of Probate Court wards. Other resources include private contributions. Currently, one of the main problems facing Harbour House is maintenance. There is no organized or preventive maintenance. This situation often leads to more frequent breakdowns and difficulty in obtaining maintenance once an item is out of commission. Future projects for the facility include structural improvements to the building to correct many of the existing deficiencies. Another proposed physical improvement is renovation of the greenhouse, which is used for therapy. The Pinecrest Home also plans to expand many of its G-44 �training for 16 persons daily. The building was remodeled in the Summer of 1991 at a cost of $35,000. The remodeling consisted of converting many of the larger rooms into smaller rooms and offices. The existing building has office space for the staff that work with patients and the Health Department's finance personnel. Future plans include new facilities and new programming. The County is actively discussing the construction of new juvenile facilities. Additional plans include implementing a greater variety of programs designed to meet the needs of the different types of youth that are typically housed in the facility. Children's Center Department of Animal Control The Midland County Comprehensive Community Corrections Plan calls for the construction of a juvenile detention and treatment facility. The juvenile facility, or Children's Center as it is called, would provide for the treatment and counseling of maladjusted young persons. Planning for in-house and community-based treatment and counseling programs would be required in advance of constructing the Children's Center in order to determine the function, size and design of the facility. As currently estimated, the Community Corrections Plan outlines a range of estimated beds for detention and treatment as follows: The Department of Animal Control is operated by Midland County for the purpose of housing stray or unwanted animals. The facility has, in addition to the area used for animal housing, office space for the Director and a lobby /office for general administration and reception. The Department has four full-time employees and one part-time employee. There are two vehicles for transporting animals to the facilities and for patrolling the County. There are plans for improvements to the facilities and expansion of programs currently offered, but implementing those changes will require additional funding and staffing. These plans include enlarging the animal sales program; offering a low-cost neutering program; formal public education; more road patrols; more separation of the animals to prevent the spread of diseases; expansion of the horse barn; and improving stormwater drainage at the facility. -Detention: 2 to 18 beds -Treatment: 10 to 32 beds -Total 12 to 50 beds Horizons Building The Horizons Building is a mental health day treatment center operated by the Midland-Gladwin Community Mental Health Services. The program receives clientele that are referred from the MidMichigan Regional Medical Center and other local agencies. Midland County Mosquito Control Facility The Horizons Building offers day programs for developmentally disabled individuals who are 18 years of age or older. The Center offers basic skills The Midland County Mosquito Control Facility is housed in a specially designed facility that was completed in February 1991. The building is situated on 17 -I ~ :~ ~ -!~ .~ G-45 ~ �paid, 125 are partially paid and 105 are nonpaid members. The only department with all paid members is the City of Midland's Fire Department. Table 43 lists the 11 departments along with information specific to each. The information was obtained by contacting the fire chiefs of each of the departments. acres of land and includes office space, a conference room, a laboratory, a lunchroom and training room, storage space, maintenance space, indoor parking for two vehicles, covered parking for eight vehicles, a truck wash, and a 30'x50' storage building. The complete operation is funded through a County millage and has four year-round employees and 25 additional employees from March through September. Midland County Road Commission County roads are maintained by the Road Commission through facilities located at 4509 North Saginaw (Midland), the City of Coleman, Jasper Township at LaPorte and Magrudder Roads and in Ingersoll Township on Brooks Road (Section 18). Principle garaging and office functions occur at the Saginaw Road location. The other facilities store one road grader and one or two trucks. A new facility is planned at U.S. 10 and Price Road in Lincoln Township. The new facilities have been designed especially for the intended use, so no plans for expansion or improvement exist. Future plans do include the expansion of the aerial application portion of the mosquito control program. Sheriff Department Emergency Services Building The Sheriff's Department maintains an emergency services building (Station 11) at 1884 N. Seven Mile Road in Jerome Township. The purpose of this building is to store emergency equipment, four boats, a rescue van with diving equipment, an all-terrain vehicle and a mobile command unit. There are currently plans to add 1,500 square feet to the building to be used as an emergency radio room. Fire Departments Midland County is provided with fire protection by 11 separate fire departments. While the fire departments are separate departments, a cooperative agreement between the departments exists to ensure adequate fire protection is provided to residents throughout Midland County. Michigan's Fire Marshall Division lists 277 fire fighters in Midland County. Of this figure, 47 are G-46 �TABLE 43 FIRE DEPARTMENT STATUS :+ota1 # Flf'8--·=-' Fire -,,. · ·' } · Department Township Edenville .. #of.t ,::: · fighters ·: · Vehicles :• . of Fires* · Future Plans 1-Pumper 2-Tankers 1-Rescue Van 1-Brush Truck 22 25 1-Pumper 1-Tanker 1-Rescue Vehicle 1-Grass Rig 4 Tumout Gear • updated protective clothing; updated radio equipment #1 • 825 Irish St. (1972) #2 • M-30 (1978) 30 2-Pumper /Tanker 1-BrushTruck 1-Reacue Van 1-Reserve Tanker 12 New tanker in 1994 3022 Jefferson 29 3-Pumper/Tanker 1-Rescue Truck 1-Brush Truck 16 Update rescue van to meet 1st response require. by 1994; more training & instrucors; personnel equip.; training 2-Pumpers 1-Tanker 1-Brush Truck 1-Rescue Truck 36 Edinville Twp. & 6 Sq. Miles of Tobacco Twp., Gladwin Co. (42 Sq. Miles) 420 Moore Street (19n) Hope Hope Township (46 Sq. Miles) 575 Hull Road (1970) Jerome Jerome Township (36 Sq. Miles) Larkin Larkin Township (36 Sq . Miles) New pumper putting spec. together Lee, Greendale, Porter (partial) townships (80 Sq. Miles) Corner of 9 Mile and Prairie Lincoln Lincoln Township (24 Sq. Miles) 1882 Hope Road converted school 15 2-Pumpers 13 Medical response unit; hoses for hydrants; more firefighters Midland Midland , Mt. Haley, Ingersoll Twp. (80 Sq. Miles) 973 Poseyville Rd. (Mid SOs) 24 2-Pumpers 1-Tanker 1-Brush Truck 1- Equip. Van 23 No equipment needs; hydrantsrequires water system Mills Mills Township (36 Sq . Miles) 2860 East Schearer 14 1-Pumper 1-Tanker 1-Brush Rig 14 More volunteers; full turnout gear; additional pumper Homer Homer Township (20 Sq. Miles) Main-1510 E. Chippewa River Rd . (Early 60s) #2-TT3 Dublin(" 60s) Aux.- Twp. Park (1986) 24 3-Pumpers 2-Tankers 1-Brush Truck 23 Replace Pumper (1958); keep current with equip and training Coleman Community Fire Dept. City of Coleman; Warren, Geneva, Wise (partial), Denver (partial) (100 Sq. Miles) 201 East Railway 0 Upgrade tankers; new rescue vehicle convert current rescue vehicle to grass rig City of Midland Fire Dept. City of Midland #1 • 816 E. Haley(H.Q.) #2 - 301 McDonald St. #3 • 1717 North Sag. Road 153 Expand prevention programs; more education; voluntary home inspections; res. sprinkler ordinanc Lee 26 2-Pumpers 2-Tankers 1-Rescue Vehicle 1-Grass Rig *Michigan Fire Service Directory SOURCE: Gove Associates Inc. (May 1991) G-47 42 5-Engine-Pumpers 1-1.adder Truck 1-Rescue Unit 1-Brush Truck 3-Cars 3-Utility Vehicles More personnel equipment; more training • ~ ~ .-.. �road bridges have been classified by the County and this is used to determine which bridges are in need of reconstruction. Actual priority or application requests are made by the individual unit of government. Maintenance programs include snow removal and minor reconstruction/ repaving. Snow removal operations use 17 snow removal vehicles (trucks and graders) and one 5,000-gallon tanker for ice control (brine spreading). First priority for snow removal is given to State highways under contract with the Michigan Department of Transportation. Midland County Jail The Midland County Jail facility is located in the City of Midland at Main and Gordon streets. Total inmate capacity for this facility is 90 inmates. A total of 17 full-time employees operate the County Jail. A study to determine the number of cells that will be required to house County inmates in the year 201 O was completed inn 1991. Plans have been made to relocate the Sheriff's Department with the Midland City Police Department. This relates to the County Jail facility since the two activities are currently located in the same building. These highways include US-10, US-20, US-18 and US-30. Primary then local roads follow in priority. All paving and construction projects are contracted. Determination of need is determined by the various municipalities in Midland County. A road rating system is being established by the Road Commission. The system will be based on traffic volumes and existing road conditions. Policy for the Road Commission is determined by a threemember Commission serving six-year terms in staggered order. The 1991 Midland County Community Corrections Plan outlines the future needs of the County in regards to adult detention facilities. Three alternate plans are given in the plan. Commissioners are appointed by the County Board of Commissioners and may serve a maximum of two terms. The Road Commission receives Federal and State funds. Additional funding is granted through a four-year, 0.45 mill levy, which was voted on in 1989 and will fund programs through 1993. Of the available taxes collected, approximately 80 percent comes from the City of Midland and 20 percent from the remainder of the County. Between 1985 and 1989 the levy was 1.0 mill. A new millage of 1.0 mills was passed in 1992. These are: 1) to build an addition to the existing jail on the existing site, 2) to build a new jail on a new site and 3) to build a new addition to the existing jail on land adjacent to and west of the existing site. The alternate facilities are summarized below. 1. Critical bridge program applications are also administered by the Road Commission. Both primary and local G-48 The ability to add on to the existing jail is limited by the size of the site. A total capacity of 141 beds can be provided, 31 less than the 172 beds projected to be needed by 2010. Total project construction cost is expected to be $3,744,591.00. The �is expected to be $45, 1355,060. Providing a parking structure in conjunction with the new jail addition would cost an additional $633,600, or $1,132,560 with amortization to the year 2010. It is highly improbable that this alternative facility would be constructed, however, as the land upon which it would be sited is now committed to a parking lot for a new downtown hotel and conference center. total cost for the additional beds through the year 2010 including construction, additional staff, amortization, and maintenance is expected to be $21,833,633 to $32,719,742 depending upon the level of staffing. This alternative also has a modified version providing for 214 beds by the year 2015. The 1992 Midland County Jail Study, Phase I report describes a 214-bed, three-level facility including space for the Sheriff's Department at a construction cost of $11,730,217. Either version of this alternative may also be modified by relocating the Sheriff's Department with the Midland City Police Department. 2. 3. Mental Health Department The Mental Health Board currently operates a mental health outpatient facility in conjunction with the MidMichigan Regional Medical Center. The facility occupies 10,000 square feet under a lease expiring in 1996. The Mental Health Board is currently planning to relocate the facility near to the hospital complex. It is the goal to design and construct a permanent outpatient facility for use by mental health programs. Space will include rooms for individual, family, and group therapy; conference rooms; records storage; and administrative offices. The new facility might accommodate substance abuse and assertive community treatment programs in addition. The new facility is expected to cost $2.5 million. A new jail can be built on a new site with a capacity of 172 beds at an anticipated construction cost of $11,591,000.00, including administrative and road patrol space for the Sheriff's Department. The total cost for the new facility through the year 2010 including construction, additional staff, amortization, and maintenance is expected to be $42,333,765.00. This alternative could also be modified by expanding a new jail facility to include 214 beds. The third alternate facility can be built for $13,119,360 without a parking structure. A total capacity of 172 beds can be provided, including 24 beds in the existing jail for work release inmates and office space for the Sheriff's Department. The total cost for this alternate facility through the year 2010 including construction, additional staff, amortization, and maintenance G-49 -II ~ ~ Ill " ~ �TABLE 44 COMMUNITY FACILITIES, MIDLAND COUNTY . . . Legend ·•·• ? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. Jasper Township Hall Coleman Fire Hall Coleman City Hall Greendale Township Hall Geneva Township Hall Warren Township Hall West Midland Family Center West Midland County Park Pine Haven Recreation Area Lee Township Hall Porter Township Hall Veterans Memorial Park Jerome Fire Station # 1 Jerome Township Hall Edenville Township Hall and Fire Station Sanford Lake Park Sanford Village Hall Jerome Fire Station #2 Lincoln Township Hall Hope Twp. Hall/Fire Station Lincoln Twp. Fire Station Homer Townshp Hall Pinecrest Home Mt. Haley Township Hall Homer Twp. Fire Station #1 Homer Twp. Fire Station #2 Midland Co. Road Commission Chippewa Nature Center Jack Barsow Airport Midland County Fairgrounds MidMichigan Regional Medical Center Midland Fire Station #3 Grace A. Dow Memorial Library Legend 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. Midland Center for the Arts Dow Memorial Gardens Midland County Courthouse Midland Township Fire Station Midland Township Hall Ingersoll Township Hall Midland Fire Station #2 Midland City Hall Midland Community Center Midland Fire Station #1 Midland County Animal Control Center Larkin Twp. Fire Station/Township Hall Mills Twp. Fire Station/Township Hall Midland Co. Road Commission Garage Manitou Park Harbour House Mosquito Control Facility Coleman Senior Services Center Sanford Senior Citizens Center Mills Community Center Larkin Senior Citizens Center Northwood University Lee Township Fire Hall Michigan Molecular Institute Sanford Museum Midland County Historical Museum Horizons Building Coleman Area Library Midland County Services Building Great Lakes Junior College Sheriff's Department Emergency Services Building The Strosacker Center Midland County Road Commission (Proposed) SOURCE: Midland County Planning Department G-50 �I GLADWIN >- I I- c:i a: z :::> 0 ' I ·r-·-- I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I u COMMUNITY FACILITIES MIDLAND COUN1Y, MICHIGAN 0 z ~ 1 -·-r-· I ' I. +-~..,_........--,...------ LEGEND ><( ..J ,,. en •• l RUHLE RO. ~..;_-+--......-i--~ ·· 0 --~,:....~-.;.:.,..r_·...,~~:-':""-t----,I , s • ~.._.,..-· .._ -I / FIRE STATIONS OTHER COMMUNITY FACILITIES NOTE: SEE TABLE 44 • PG. G-SO FOR FACILITIES . DES RIPTIONS OF COMMUNITY >z ::::, I- 0 u , f JAS~~: O. ~ . ~=-t:r---t---L--- _:. ; .l JASPER .-··· · , •• • SHEPHER j a: I ---£..·-+-I " -z "'"' 0 I RO. •1 I, l-,---1---+--<:-.,:'r---t--;-- - · - - - j ~ ENLARGED PLAN OF MIDLAND ~ CITY c:i a: u 3: ..."' z <( r l ·1-1-~L-!~~~~~~=+-~-r-iri►rit--=r-~r::"' ~=+-~.:,_-t-~:'#--~t--~""/~tt ~ ~ I: IL c:i a: a: "' .JI [;j ,,ui ITTABAW SAGINAW GRATIOT COUN TY ,..--..I ..... c:i 0:: SOURCE : MIDLAND COUNTY G <( (/) 25000 a: a: 37500 0 ' Gove . .~ssociates lnc 1601 Portage Street K& Iamai:o , Michi1an O 49001 0 �• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Trends, Patterns and Problems �• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • TRENDS, PATTERNS AND PROBLEMS areas where substantial erosion of farmlands is occurring. INTRODUCTION The updated information on population, economy, transportation, land use, housing, recreation and physical landscape has been included in the Plan. The information presented here is the result of an issues analysis of the data base contained in this report. This section addresses those issues which have been identified as having the greatest significance and impacts on Midland County's future. Analysis of Physical and - The trend of consolidating smaller farms into larger acreage farms demands analysis for impact on soil erosion rates. - There is limited knowledge of the area's groundwater, and how Mure development of the County landscape will impact groundwater quality. - Limited monitoring exists to assure groundwater protection from potential contamination sources such as landfills, septic tanks, underground storage tanks, agricultural chemical systems, among others. - It is likely that the number of environmental contamination sites will increase in the future. - Alth~ugh the air quality of the County has improved, the air quality should be monitored for its effect on the health of the residents. - Little interaction between health related agencies and the public concerning air quality occurs except at times of major emergencies. - An equitable balance which safeguards both the environment and the area's economy must be reached in the future. - Demands for floodplain management and flood insurance for the unincorporated areas of the County exist, as exhibited by the 1986 flood. Natural Environment Some of the dominant trends in Midland County that relate to the physical and natural environment include the following: - !he effects of decreasing farm incomes on the County's economy means greater pressure will be placed on other sectors of the economy in the future to produce jobs and income. The relationship between farm size and decreasing net average farm income will result in larger and fewer farm operations . - - - A decreasing per-farm value of products could impact future agricultural productivity. Futu_re ri~er use and improved water quality will require river and stream protection planning and zoning. Soil erosion of farmlands is a county-wide issue for the future of agriculture, particularly in those H-1 �Analysis of People _ The County's Emergency Services Department could take a lead role in floodplain management as part of its emergency management program. - Further trends relating to demographics in Midland County follow: _ The County's population growth and geographic distribution are not uniform. This trend can be expected to continue in the future. Preservation of archeological and historical sites should be continued and monitored. _ Low acreage devoted to commercial forestry demands further analysis for commercial forest development in the agricultural economy of the County. _ - _ The median age of the population will continue to increase due to an increasing percentage of older residents and a decreasing percentage of younger residents. This indicates an increased need for social services planning. Soil qualities indicate a need for greater prime farmland preservation. _ Wetlands and wet soil patterns indicate the need for further analysis for determining suitable/unsuitable lands for site development planning. Units of government that experienced population increases greater than 10 percent from 1980-1990 will continue to experience growth. The Comprehensive Plan is a tool that can be used to bring together and study related elements. Often these related elements are not analyzed with regards to the effect that they have on each other - due to the unintended boundaries created by having several levels of government involved. _ During the next 20 years population growth in Midland County will be high (Woods and Poole 1°992). The physical and natural environment of Midland County is influenced by countless factors, including influences from outside the County. A network that can relate information affecting the environment must exist if the environmental problems are to be addressed on a unified basis. Since the environment is a series of linked events it is essential that agencies and departments that deal with the various aspects of the environment are more closely linked. - Single parents and the higher incidence of husband and wife working will lead to increased childcare needs. - The racial mix of Midland County will remain nearly the same in the future. - The average household size will tend to decline to below 2.3 persons per household during the next 20 years, therefore future housing units will be required to accommodate smaller households. - H-2 1 l Due to the projected increases in population there will be a net increase of school-age children in the future. I 1I ~ I I I I ~ ' '- �• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • - Single parent households will continue to account for a substantial proportion of Midland County's households. Strategies designed to contend with population growth in Midland County must be developed if the quality of life is to remain high. Additional strategies must be developed to address an aging population. Since the average household size will continue to decrease, programs must be developed to assure an adequate mixture of housing will exist to accommodate the diverse needs of Midland County's residents . - Rental housing costs will continue to be higher in the City of Midland than in other areas of the County. - The median value of housing units will increase at different rates throughout the County. - Goals for housing in the County should be reevaluated and/or new programs implemented for home improvement. - Providing housing for senior citizens will become a major issue in the future in Midland County. An adequate amount of affordable housing in the County is not available for low- and moderate-income household residents. Analysis of Housing Trends relating to housing in Midland County follow: - - Major differences in housing will continue to exist between rural and urban areas. Manufactured homes will continue to be a popular form of housing in parts of the County because of their affordability. - ~any areas of the County have a high percentage of housing units built before 1939. - n:,e me~ian value of housing units will continue to be higher in and around the City of Midland than in other areas of the County. Uncoordinated housing assistance programs demand a unified strategy for addressing all aspects of housing the County's residents . Housing plays a major role in the overall quality of the life in a community. A wide range of available and affordable quality housing benefits the community. An issue that has been addressed in the past - the quality of housing outside of the City of Midland - should again be addressed. To ensure that housing in the rural areas of Midland County are not only affordable, but safe and secure, strategies should be developed to ensure opportunities are available for improving homes within the County . Rental units and multi-family housing will continue to be centered around the City of Midland . Analysis of Economy Issues relating to the economy of Midland County follow: H-3 �_ The expected increase in professionally-related jobs in the Midland community may require additional cultural activities. _ Most types of jobs will increase in numbers in the future with the exception of farm employment; transportation, communications and public utilities; and federal military. While many lesser issues exist that relate to the County's economy, the major economic influences are jobs and income disparity - which are very closely related. A principle change in the County's economy is the redistribution of jobs. Strategies need to be developed in order to prepare for the employment changes that occur. The various planning agencies, employment agencies, major employers, educational institutions, economic development agencies, social service organizations and other related individuals and institutions should establish an information network. This network should be structured to identify changes in the job market and create strategies to effectively meet these changes in the County in future years. _ Government jobs - While government employment is projected to remain the same, there will be fewer military employees, more federal civilian employees and slightly more state and local employees. _ Median household incomes vary between areas in the County from $24,000 to $41,000. _ Some areas in Midland County have median incomes that are less than 75 percent of the County's median income. _ The Midland Mall and other new retail outlets will contribute to the rate of the projected increase of retail jobs in the County. Analysis of Public Facilities _ The disparity between urban and rural household incomes presents a demand for job training, job placement and economic development planning. Issues relating to public facilities and activities follow: _ Sanitary sewers will be necessary in many areas that are not currently serviced by sewers. _ The percentage of low-income persons in the County requires analysis for social and economic equity planning. _ Public water systems will be important in many areas that are not currently adequately serviced by water. _ Use of existing industrial park capacities indicates a need for further planning of industrial parks in the out-county, as opposed to the City of Midland, as a way of improving the tax base of the rural school districts. - A more equitable distribution of neighborhood parks will be required to provide rural residents with balanced recreational opportunities. _ Roads throughout Midland County will continue to deteriorate as H-4 -I ~ I I I I ' 'I I • �• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •II • • transportation decrease. funding The Comprehensive Plan examines a variety of public facilities and services. Most of the facilities that are provided affect residents daily, so constant feedback is received that relates to the quality of the provided services. The Comprehensive Plan focuses on improving facilities that are currently inadequate. sources _ Local government will continue to have problems enforcing various local ordinances. _ The need for effective and efficient disposal of solid waste increases daily, and is a major issue requiring immediate action on long-term planning. Since sewer and water services are necessary in many areas of Midland County priorities and strategies should be established for installing these services. Growth control and opposition to annexation relate to these services since many areas that are in need of water and sewer are opposed to further growth or annexation. A system that will provide some form of autonomy, as well as services, is going to be a major issue within this planning period. _ Regional solutions to solid waste problems will require resource recovery and recycling. _ Entertainment facilities and cultural programs are necessary for schoolage children. _ Growth control in the area surrounding the City of Midland will be an issue which shapes the County land use policy in the area. Solid waste will continue to be an issue in Midland County, that will be addressed in the five-year update of the County Solid Waste Management Plan . _ Annexation surrounding the City of Midland will continue to be an issue which shapes the future. The distribution of parks and recreation facilities in the County should be balanced to serve all segments of the County's residents. Piecemeal highway and traffic flow improvement proposals indicate a need for area-wide comprehensive transportation planning analysis. - Limited bridging of the Tittabawassee River further supports the need for areawide transportation planning. - Public transportation throughout the County will continue to be nonexistent unless the public, municipalities and townships express support for the service. Rural communities need better roads but have limited funding sources. In order to use all available funds in an equitable manner, an area-wide prioritization of need should exist. An area-wide transportation planning process involving Midland County, including the Midland urban area and parts of Bay, Saginaw and other adjoining counties should be established. A five-year capital improvements program for all State, County and local roads should be prepared . H-5 �I Analysis of Public Schools Analysis of Higher Education Some of the issues relating to public schools in Midland County follow: Further educational issues relating to colleges and universities follow: - Decreasing funding sources will require the elimination and/or consolidation of many programs. - Maintaining up-to-date equipment will continue to be a costly effort for local colleges and universities. - The Midland Public School District will continue to have more dependable sources of funding than the County's rural districts. - Attracting students to local colleges and universities will become more difficult. - The disparity in the tax bases of the school districts in the County demands analysis for tax base adjustments through economic development planning and industrial plant siting. Schools are a vital element to a community's success. If a good education system exists in a community it encourages both families and businesses to locate, grow and expand. Most of the issues relating to public schools in this Plan refer to the rural school districts, but some issues relate to the Midland Public School District as well. - Attracting qualified teaching staff will remain an issue in area colleges and universities. - Delta College may require additional sites for expansion of facilities. - Decreased funding sources will cause colleges to reevaluate existing programs. - Special consideration needs to be given to students residing in remote locations of the County. Community colleges and universities are becoming a necessity for all communities. They provide not only higher levels of education to residents and nonresidents, they provide jobs, cultural amenities and training programs. Since colleges and universities are autonomous many of the issues will not be addressed in the Comprehensive Plan, but an awareness of their situation is important in establishing a working relationship. This will help create beneficial interactions between local governmental units and area colleges and universities. To effectively plan for reduced financing each school district needs to form its own strategies. Additionally, school districts should be open to joint ventures with other school districts, the sharing of facilities and the sharing of ideas. One criterion for Mure industrial sitings in the County should be those school districts that are in greater need of expanding their tax base. H-6 I I I I I I I I I I I I - • -I �• • •II II II •II •II II • •II • •II II II identification process which has produced these trends, problems and patterns, which will impact the future of Midland County. Analysis of county Facilities Some of the major issues facing Midland County government facilities follow: _ Adequate jail facilities need to be provided to serve Midland County residents in the Mure. The Goals, Policies and Strategies section in this report will further refine the planning process in implementing goals, policies and actions as defined below: _ Enlarged animal shelter facilities and public education will be required in the Mure. Issues identify areas of concern of county-wide significance. _ Adequate juvenile detention and treatment facilities and programs need to be provided to serve Midland County's youth and families. - Goals indicate what is to be accomplished on each issue . Policies indicate what is to be done to achieve each goal and agency responsibility. An emergency operations center should continue to be evaluated to serve the County residents . - Future County facilities will require site location analyses and a County land assembly program. - Since County park land acquisition deficiencies have been met, future planning should concentrate on a park land development program . - Continued County capital improvements programming demands County long-range financial management planning of government revenues and expenses. Strategies (or actions) refer to specific implementation measures and strategies. Conclusion The foregoing trends reflect those issues which have surfaced in the comprehensive planning process, which have long-range planning implications on Midland County. The planning process has narrowed the issues to the most relevant concerns presented herein. The data base analysis resulted in the issue H-7 �• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Goals, Policies and Strategies �• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • - GOALS, POLICIES AND STRATEGIES FOR THE FUTURE Land Use This section presents the goals, policies and action statements reflected in the information presented in the prior sections of this Plan report. The goals and policies have been developed based on an analysis of comprehensive planning data and interviews with local, County and State officials. The issues presented in the prior sections generally correspond with the housing, transportation, community facilities, economic, land use and environmental planning elements of the Comprehensive Plan. The policy and action statements present specific methods for implementing comprehensive planning in the County. The recommended policies are stated in an obligatory sense, not in a mandatory manner. ■ Issues are areas of concern which have been identified within the County, which the County Planning Commission believes requires some manner of attention. ■ Goals are broad statements identifying what is to be accomplished under each topic. ■ Policies are statements which identify what is to be done to achieve each goal, as well as the responsible agency. ■ Strategies are statement(s) specifying measures identified to implement a policy. 1. Random Development ~: On-site wastewater can cause random development patterns, because buildings must locate in areas where soils are suitable for on-site disposal. ~: Identify areas potentially unsuitable for on-site wastewater disposal, and discourage high density development in these areas, while encouraging more appropriate land use alternatives. Policy: The Midland County Health Department, in cooperation with local units of government, should implement the policy of restricting development in areas unsuitable for on-site wastewater disposal in order to discourage high density or related inappropriate development. Strategies: • Use the data contained in this Plan report to identify areas potentially unsuitable for on-site wastewater disposal for the general public, municipalities and County Planning Commission. 2. Floodplain Development Issue: Limited development has occurred within the 100-year floodprone areas of the major rivers, thus subjecting said development to the potential of flooding, as well as potentially impacting the capacity of 1-1 �I on the Midland County Economic Development Strategy (No. 38) and Economic Diversification (No. 39). The issue of Planning of County Government Facilities (No. 21) was addressed by the Midland County Planning Commission in 1987 by preparing the County's first report on County facilities entitled County Facilities Master Plan, May 1987. This report was followed by the updated report entitled County Facilities Master Plan - 1990 Update, October 1990. The County Facilities Master Plan provided impetus for preparing a County Capital Improvements Program, a policy on maintaining and replacing County motorized vehicles, and a County facilities preventive maintenance program. To promote interest in implementing the Prime Farmland Preservation policy (No. 29), the Midland County Planning Commission sponsored a county-wide workshop in October 1986 on "Preservation of Agricultural and Forested Lands." Implementation of the land use policies was limited; however, the Midland County Planning Commission sponsored countywide workshops on "Futuring" (1989) and "Planning and Zoning in Your Community" (1990) to promote interest among the municipalities and townships to prepare and update their community master plans. Land Use Issues - Key land use issues included: 23. Random Development Resulting From Poor Soils 24. Location of Industrial and Commercial Development 25. Floodplain Development 26. Land Use Compatibility Between Governmental Units 27. Regional Commercial Center Location 28. Economic Development Sites 29. Prime Farmland Preservation 30. Conflicts Between Residential/NonResidential Development 31. Residential Development in NonUtility Areas 32. Soil Erosion General Planning Issues - Key general planning issues included: 33. Urban Amenities in Rural Locations 34. Private Sewage Systems 35. Midland Urban Growth Area (MUGA) Policy 36. Air Pollution Control 37. Stream System Use 38. Midland County Economic Development Strategy 39. Economic Diversification 40. Coordinated Management of County Offices 41. Planning Effort by Local Governmental Units 42. Groundwater Protection The Midland County Economic Growth and Development Corporation (formerly the Midland County Growth Council) continued its efforts in implementing the policy on Location of Industrial and Commercial Development (No. 24) and the Economic Development Sites policy (No. 28) in conjunction with the policies Implementation of the Stream System Use policy (No. 37) was carried out by the Midland County Parks and Recreation Commission in cooperation with the Midland County Planning 1-21 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I -I I I �• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • - ~ : To achieve a coordinated and efficient set of regulatory and administrative processes throughout the County related to the splitting of lots, access to land parcels, and control of subdivision design and development. Strategies: • Prepare and distribute to land owners information concerning erosion problems and erosion control methods in cooperation with local units of government. • Preparesample/modelstandards for codes and ordinances. Policy: The Midland County Plat Board, in cooperation with local units of government and the Midland County Planning Commission, should promote and ensure a legal, coordinated, effective and implementable set of regulations for guaranteeing land access, and implementing subdivision and lot split controls at the local level. • Increase the level of on-site field assistance to land owners. • Develop and/or expand programs whereby landowners employing erosion control practices are given public/media recognition . Strategies: • Develop economic incentives to promote soil erosion control. • Collect and compare regulations and procedures adopted by each local governmental unit pertaining to lot splits, land access and subdivision controls. • Whe_ re feasible, incorporate erosion control standards in development regulations such as zoning ordinances. • Develop a "model" set of regulations for land access, subdivision development and lot splits for local units of government. • Ens~re that the provisions of Public Act 34 7, the Soil Erosion and Sedimentation Control Act are being properly enforced. ' 5. Land Access, Subdivision and Lot Split Controls • Encourage local units to adopt the model regulations and provide technical assistance as needed for appropriate response to requests; provide a periodic review to determine consistency problems. Issue: There is a general lack of effective regulatory and administrative controls to ensure adequate and reasonable access to land parcels, as well as efficient controls for the splitting of lots and design and development of subdivisions. 6· Small Watershed Planning Issue: The quality of the surface and ground water within the County is partially dependent upon the 1-3 �I 7. quality of the smaller watersheds and subdrainage basins. The lack of monitoring and regulating of the watersheds and basins can result in unwanted surface and ground water contamination and/or soil erosion and sedimentation. Growth Management ~: The municipalities and townships in Midland County lack sufficient growth management techniques to implement comprehensive development plans. Goal: Ensure an environmentally safe, small watershed and drainage basin system within the County. ~ : Encourage the formulation and adoption of minimum uniform standards and regulations throughout the County governing land use and community development. Policy: The Midland County Soil and Water Conservation District, in cooperation with the Midland County Planning Commission, should establish a coordinated program to encourage local units of government to protect and improve the small watersheds and drainage basins within their jurisdictions. Policy: The Midland County Planning Commission, in conjunction with the County, local municipalities and townships and planning, building and zoning officials, should develop model growth management techniques governing the use and development of land, natural resources, water, air, infrastructure, community facilities, economic development, and public services. Strategies: • Define the boundaries of small watersheds. • Encourage local units of government to form a consortium to inventory and study small watersheds within the County and recommend remedial or protective actions. Strategies: • Prepare report on necessary and desired growth management techniques for implementing County, municipal and township comprehensive development plans. • Notify local units of government of available public/private funds for protective remediation and enhancement of small watersheds and subdrainage basins. • Formulate model housing codes, river protection overlay zoning standards, land access regulations, subdivision ordinances, lot split ordinances, floodplain management regulations, special use regulations, planned unit development standards, site plan • Establish a county-wide contamination and soil erosion monitoring program for small watersheds, drainage basins. 1-4 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ,I I I �• • • • • •I I I I I I I I I I I I I model County River Protection Plan . review procedures, and other growth management techniques deemed necessary for implementation of comprehensive development plans, for adoption by the County, municipalities and townships. 8. Stream System • Prepare/update municipal zoning ordinances and maps in accordance with the municipal river protection master plans and model County river protection overlay zone regulations. Use Community Facilities Issue: The Tittabawassee, Chippewa, Pine and Salt rivers and Sanford and Wixom lakes have been identified as significant for scenic and recreational use, yet many local comprehensive plans/zoning ordinances do not recognize these systems for such use, nor protect them. 9. Consolidation/Coordination of Public Services ~ : Better utilization of existing County and local resources would maximize the costs of providing services, such as fire, police, parks, utilities, housing, transportation, and minimize operational inefficiencies. ~ : Encourage local communities to consider as part of their planning process, the scenic and recreational value of the County's major water features. The implementation of guidelines/controls governing river /lake development should be encouraged. Goal: Develop a management system capable of coordinating both County and local service delivery, to achieve optimum efficiency in providing quality services. Policy: The Midland County Board of Commissioners, through the Controller-Administrator. and in cooperation with local units of government, should take the lead in investigating potential revenue savings from improved coordination and consolidation of public services. Policy: The Midland County Parks and Recreation Commission. in conjunction with the Midland County Planning Commission, should encourage those townships that contain, or border upon rivers within the County, to consider the spirit, intent and regulations of the recently completed Midland County River Protection Plan recommendations. Strategies: • Promote the possibilities of coordination/consolidation at the County and local level. Strategies: • Prepar~/ update municipal master plans 1n accordance with the • Investigate the privatization of some public services. 1-5 �1 • Work to implement the program and schedule contained in the Solid Waste Management Plan. 1O. Solid Waste Resource Recovery and Disposal ~ : The disposal of solid waste is a continuing and increasing County concern. A special problem is the siting of a long-term disposal facility. • Establish a public education program and promote public awareness of the immediate need to select a solid waste recovery and disposal facility process and proceed with implementation of a designed facility. Goal: Implement an efficient, costeffective, integrated waste management system capable of meeting the diverse needs of Midland County, under the MONA (Michigan Department of Natural Resources), Public Act 641 requirements. • Provide method of funding. 11. Intergovernmental Planning of Utilities Issue: There is a need to prepare long-range plans for water and sewer service in areas outside the cities. Policy: The Midland County Board of Commissioners should maintain an integrated waste management plan capable of meeting the diverse needs of Midland County. The Midland County Solid Waste Management Advisory Board should develop and manage an implementation program and schedule. ~: Provide a coordinated program of water distribution and sanitary sewerage planning. Policy: The Midland County Board of Commissioners, in cooperation with local units of government, should evaluate the long-range needs addressing county-wide water distribution and sanitary sewerage. Strategies: • Encourage the creation/ expansion of the recycling market. Strategies: • A~s~ss . the county-wide water d1stnbut1on and sanitary sewerage needs in an area-wide plan with recommendations. • Budget for ongoing coordination of solid waste management planning. • Budget for professional management consulting services and advice on managing the implementation of the plan. • Prepare an area-wide water and sewer plan dealing with needs for improvements, financing and responsibilities. 1-6 I I I I I I I I I I I I I -I I ~ �• • • • • • •I -I I I I I I I I I I • Evaluate foundation funding for the plan, as well as implementation. • Coordinate the area-wide plan with the land use plans of the townships, cities, village and County to guide development to appropriate areas . 13. County Financial Planning Management 12. School District Cooperation ~ : There is a lack of long-range financial management planning for major capital improvements and for projected revenues and expenses for County services, capital improvements, and facility operation. ~: Due to changes in secondary school enrollments and decline in funding, the public, and possibly the private, school systems should evaluate coordination of cooperative efforts to provide for maximum education opportunities in an efficient manner. .GQ.ru: Provide for a mechanism for a coordinated, efficient program for spending public resources. Goal: Encourage cooperative/ coordinated efforts between various school systems in Midland County. Policy: The Midland County Board of Commissioners, in conjunction with the Controller-Administrator, should develop and adopt shortrange (1 year) budgets and longrange (6 years) improvement programs to define capital and an operating expenditures and revenues. Policy: A task force of the Bullock Creek, Coleman, Meridian, and Midland public school districts should develop a cooperative/ coordinated analysis of current and future school programs and facilities. Strategies: Strategies: • Solicit short- and long-range budgetary needs from various County departments and agencies. • Explore the possibility of creating an umbrella oversight committee to undertake a study of possibilities and guide the process. • Provide for the review and input of the proposed departmental capital budgets by the County Planning Commission in relation to planning analyses, project evaluations, and County development plans. • Prepare a strategic plan outlining how facilities, resources and programs could be shared in a most efficient manner among Midland County schools. 1-7 �1 • Develop and adopt a social services delivery plan to reflect projected demands and available resources. • Develop and adopt a county-wide short-range and long-range financial management plan of revenues and expenses, and incorporate the plan into the County annual budgeting process. Housing 15. County Housing Planning • Annually review and amend the County financial management plan. ~ : Housing opportunities need to be provided for Midland County residents of low to moderate income. 14. Social Services Planning Issue: Changing population and household characteristics will require continuous changes in the provision of social services within the County. Goal: Encourage a county-wide housing mix which provides housing opportunities to accommodate all economic levels of income and lifestyles. Goal: Ensure an equitable provision of social services within the County that will functionally address the needs of qualifying individuals and households while discouraging access to public service programs by those who have viable economic and social options. Policy: The Midland County Planning Commission, in cooperation with the Midland County and City housing commissions, should develop a county-wide housing plan which addresses the county-wide housing needs. Policy: A consortium of key social service agencies should establish a human services delivery system that wiil maximize the combined resources of public and private institutions and organizations. Strategies: • Reassess housina needs data on a five-year basis- via a countywide housing needs analysis. • Evaluate methodologies and programs to increase owneroccupied units in the County. Strategies: • Inventory and evaluate the efficiency of existing social service providers and programs. • Formulate model codes for local units to use to maintain and improve the County's housing stock. • Establish a consortium of service providers to forecast and evaluate future social service needs within the County. • Prepare a county-wide housing plan which identifies measures for implementation. 1-8 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I • • • I �• • • • •II • •II •II 11· II , ", , 17. Access Management/Corridor Development • Explore th~ establishr,:ient of a vehicle for 1mplementat1on of the housing plan, such as a nonprofit housing corporation. ~: Proper investigation and planning is necessary to assure that future development is consistent with the land use access and transportation needs of Midland County, along its major transportation corridors. • Consider forming a City-County housing trust fund to finance housing . Transportation 1s. North-South Circulation ~: Preserve and protect personal safety, while maximizing access to property, and providing for the needs of through traffic. ~ : West of Midland to Oil City, north-south highway circulation patterns are inhibited by lack of through traffic routes. Policy: The Midland County Planning Commission, in conjunction with the Michigan Department of Transportation, Midland County Road Commission and the City of Midland, should prepare corridor studies of use, future development and traffic/ access controls for M-20, Saginaw Road and other major thoroughfares. ..G.Q.al: Develop improved northsouth vehicular routes thereby facilitating greater efficiency of traffic movement within and through Midland County. Policy: The Midland County Road Commission should investigate, and implement as appropriate, improvements to the County's north-south vehicular circulation system, based on an area-wide comprehensive transportation analysis and plan. Strategies: • Organize a joint steering committee for the process. Strategies: • Seek funding for committee. • Prepare report on analysis of problems with recommended solutions. • Prepare report on M-20 corridor land use and traffic service for the State, County Road Commission and municipalities. • Include County transportation needs in the County Road Commission's capital improvement program (CIP). • Prepare report on Saginaw Road corridor land use and traffic service for the State, County Road Commission and municipalities. • Budget annual capital expenditures within CIP. 1-9 �1a. Area-wide Comprehensive Transportation Planning • Prepare report on analysis of street and highway needs data. Issue: Midland County lacks a longrange (20-year) area-wide transportation plan for community and economic development. • Prepare an area~wide tra~c analysis including traffic generation data, origin and destination study, and traffic flow assignments. Goal: Prepare an area-wide comprehensive transportation plan and capital improvements program of State, County and local roads, streets and bridges in Midland County including the Midland urban area. • Prepare report on critical_ bridges and historical data on bridges. • Prepare report on a long-range (20-year) transportation plan for all modes of travel including streets and highways, public transit, rail, air, and nonmotorized transportation. Policy: The Midland County Planning Commission, in conjunction with the Michigan Department of Transportation (MOOT), Midland County Road Commission and City of Midland, should prepare an area-wide comprehensive transportation plan and capital improvements program dealing with the County's transportation needs, problems and solutions. • Prepare report on a short-range (5 year) capital improvements program. 19. Bicycle and Pedestrian Trafficways ~ : Midland County lacks a longrange plan for bicycle and pedestrian trafficways. Goal: Prepare a comprehensive plan and capital improvements program directed at bicycle and pedestrian trafficways. Strategies: • Incorporate the north-south circulation and bicycle and pedestrian trafficways policies (Nos. 16 and 19), including public transit, rail and airport planning needs, into the area-wide comprehensive transportation planning process. Policy: The Midland County Road Commission, in conjunction with the Midland County Parks and Recreation Commission, should prepare a comprehensive plan and capital improvements program directed at bicycle and pedestrian trafficways. • Formulate an area-wide transportation steering committee, which might include a representative of the Midland County Emergency Services Department. 1-10 �Strategies: Policy: The Midland County Economic Growth and Development Corporation, in cooperation with the Midland County Planning Commission, local municipalities, industries, businesses and public school districts, should identify and promote commercial and industrial development at those locations offering the greatest potential for success. ~ • Incorporate the County's rails-totrails program into the bicycle and pedestrian trafficways policy. • Report on origins (bicyclists/ users), destinations (attractions/generators) and needs (trail types/ corridors). • Report on a long-range (20-year) plan. Strategies: • Report on a capital improvements program. • Encourage planned industrial and commercial parks to locate where services are available and where site location standards indicate. • Report on a coordination program with County and City streets and highway planning, and County and City parks and recreation planning. • Promote planned industrial and commercial parks in the Bullock Creek, Coleman and Meridian public school districts. • Seek State financing assistance from the Michigan Department of Transportation. • Utilize P.A. 425 to share tax base. • Promote communications and cooperation between the municipalities and County economic development and planning agencies. Economic Development I l I I I I I I 20. Location of Industrial and Commercial Development Issue: Based on recent projections, the amount of acreage needed for new industrial and commercial development is relatively limited. Competition between communities for that development is likely to be keen. 21. Agricultural Economy Issue: The agricultural economy of Midland County appears to be in decline due to decreasing farm income, per-farm value and value of croppage. ~: Promote commercial and industrial development in areas meeting the necessary site criteria thereby offering the highest potential for success. Goal: Encourage the stabilization of the County's farm economy. Policy: The Midland County Cooperative Extension Service, in cooperation with the Midland County 1-11 �Strategies: Economic Growth and Development Corporation, should determine the current and forecast needs of the agricultural section of the County economy and formulate programs to address those needs. • Prepare an analysis of current and future job opportunities, wage levels, job growth segments and training/education programs and requirements in Midland County. Strategies: • Formulate a strategy to target higher paying job categories to promote job growth in Midland County. • Work with the Soil Conservation Service and Farmers Home Administration to define the needs for the stabilization of the local agricultural economy. • Conduct a target market analysis for Midland County business to identify growth areas in business and resultant job creation. • Evaluate how the Midland County Planning Commission can, through traditional planning methods, assist the farm economy. Environment 23. Private Sewage Systems • Input agricultural stabilization mechanisms into other planning initiatives/issues during implementation. Issue: The lack of public sanitary sewers requires reliance on on-site disposal. This may result in groundwater and surface water contamination problems as development increases. 22. Labor Force Issue: The types of job opportunities for Midland County residents will continue in manufacturing as well as government and service related jobs, creating a continued demand for qualified, skilled labor. Goal: Carefully regulate development in nonsewered locations in order to protect groundwater resources. Policy: Local governmental units should carefully regulate development in nonsewered locations as a way of protecting groundwater resources. Goal: Determine the future "human resource" needs of the Midland County residents. Policy: The Midland County Economic Growth and Development Corporation should explore the labor force needs of Midland County employment centers. Strategies: • Administer and enforce municipal and township codes and ordinances in accordance with plan 1-12 •II •II •II II • • • �I I I I I I I I I I I I I - of clean water for residential and commercial purposes. policies/ actions and County Health Department regulations. Goal: Protect local groundwater supplies/ aquifers from contamination. 24. Air Pollution Control ~ : The Michigan Department of Natural Resources has indicated that industrial air quality monitoring in Midland County does not adequately assess exotic pollutants. Policy: The Midland County Health Department, in cooperation with local governing bodies, should develop and implement groundwater protection measures and should monitor suspected problems areas. Goal: Provide an adequate and accurate system capable of measuring and interpreting local ambient atmospheric emissions/ conditions resulting from industrial processes. Strategies: • Report on groundwater resources/hydrogeological conditions in the County. Policy: The Midland County Health Department, in cooperation with Environmental Protection Agency, the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, major manufacturers and industries, should monitor local atmospheric conditions pursuant to industrial emissions. • Report on assessment of groundwater problems and the impact of large users drawing down the water table. • Report on a groundwater protection management plan, including protection measures and a monitoring system. Strategies: • Encourage growth and development away from airborne particulates. • Establish priorities for monitoring suspected groundwater contamination areas, such as existing municipal landfills, closed dump sites, wells and abandoned gas stations. • Monitor the situation for change in conditions. • Develop a local education/ awareness program. 26. Environmental Management Planning 25. Groundwater Protection Issue: While there is a recognition that the potential for environmental contamination exists within the County, there is no integrated program to address existing and potential contamination in a comprehensive manner. ~: Local communities have stressed the need to protect groundwater from contamination in order to ensure long-term supplies 1-13 �implemented and politically and financially acceptable to the public and private sectors. ~ : Establish a comprehensive county-wide plan to define and address existing and potential air, surface water, groundwater, soils, noise and visual pollution. • Solicit voluntary compliance and require mandatory compliance when necessary. Policy: The Midland County Board of Commissioners should commission the Midland County Planning Commission, in conjunction with the Midland County Health Department and other public and private sector organizations, to develop a comprehensive environmental management plan and program. Planning Information. Coordination and Implementation 27. Municipal and Township Master Plans ~ : Lack of consistent and timely update of local master plans has resulted in housing units and other types of development being constructed in rural areas without the benefit of planned coordination with public utilities, services and transportation. Strategies: • Solicit interest from selected groups (e.g., County Health Department, Dow Chemical Company, Michigan Department of Natural Resources) to participate in defining the intent and scope of a comprehensive environmental management program. Goal: Encourage local units of government to develop and/or update comprehensive plans in coordination with the County Comprehensive Plan. • Undertake an inventory and evaluation of current environmental contamination conditions (including P.A. 307 sites) and project the potential for future contamination/ pollution. Policy: Local governmental units should provide facilities and services commensurate with sound land and growth development policies. • Develop a county-wide environmental management plan addressing the issues of air, water, soils, noise and visual pollution. Strategies: • Establish a county-wide hazardous materials management program. • Encourage local planning commission review of public works in accordance with adopted master plans. • Prepare/update/adopt master plans and community facilities plans. • Develop a comprehensive environmental management program that is capable of being 1-14 • • • • • • • • • • • • • �I I I I I I I I II II II II II • •II II documents necessary to properly guide growth and development. 28. Local Plann1ng Information ~ : There is currently a lack of available resources in the County to support local planning efforts. Policy: The Midland County Planning Commission should advise local communities on the need to prepare and maintain necessary planning and zoning documents. ~ : Promote coordination and consistency among local governmental units through leadership of the County Planning Commission. Strategies: Policy: The Midland County Planning Commission should be a source of information to local units of government for master planning. • Make recommendations on updating master plans in the context of conducting township zoning coordination reviews. Strategies: • Workshops on preparing/ updating municipal master plans, zoning documents and developing current standards. • Provide current geographical information maps. • Evaluate innovative approaches tried in other areas in Michigan and the Nation (e.g., performance standards, land development codes). • Provide current socioeconomic data. • Continue County Planning Commission review of local plans to ensure coordination with the County Comprehensive Plan. 30. County-Wide Geographic Information System (GIS) • Provide educational resources for local unit planning processes. Issue: There is no computerized mapping system established at a county-wide level that provides for accurate, detailed representation of resources and developed features and which can be easily updated as needed. 29. Planning Effort by Local Governmental Units Issue: Community master plans and zoning ordinances vary markedly in format, depth of information and consistency with current law. Some communities do not have current comprehensive plans. Goal: Establish a geographic information system at the County level that will meet the application needs of staff and on-line departments. Goal: Encourage local communities to prepare and maintain those 1-15 �31. Formulation of Other Planning Elements Policy: The Midland County Board of Commissioners should develop and implement a county-wide GIS system that can be used for accurate mapping, retrieval and modification of geographic components related to land use, zoning, public works (drainage, roads), utilities (sewer, water, energy transmission), site design, property valuation and tax assessment, census data, traffic volumes, and other community development factors. Issue: As described in the Midland County Strategic Planning report, the Planning function of County government will be called upon to provide the Controller-Administrator and Board of Commissioners with more data for thoughtful decisions. ~: Provide financial and professional staff support to strengthen County planning efforts. Strategies: Policy: The Controller-Administrator and Midland County Board of Commissioners should provide additional financial support, and technical and professional staff to adequately support the County Department of Planning, Midland County Planning Commission, and other cooperative planning-related bodies to carry out comprehensive planning data analyses, development plans and planning implementation programs. • Conduct a GIS feasibility analysis. • Establish a GIS program under the coordinated leadership of the County Department of Planning and the County Department of Information Systems. • Inventory the GIS needs of each County department to determine required extent and capacity of proposed system. Strategies: • Work with a GIS professional to construct and implement a GIS program for the County, responsive to the needs of each department. • Provide funding and administrative support for permanent technical and professional planning staff. • Educate the County Department of Planning and County Department of Information Systems in the application and updating of the GIS system. • Provide funding and administrative support for hiring special, professional consulting firms to augment the permanent planning staff engaged in special projects. • Continue to evaluate the operation and efficiency of the County GIS system. 1-16 • • • • • • • • • • • • • �I I I I I I I I I II I II II •II • • • • Assist in recommending specific textual changes in P.A. 282 of 1945 pertaining to required intergovernmental cooperation. 32. Intergovernmental Coordination for Planning Issue: There is currently no existing mechanism requiring intergovernmental coordination for planning among the various State, County and local governmental agencies. This results in a substantial gap in project information available to the County Planning Commission for consideration and inclusion in planning decisions and recommendations. 33. Structure for Implementing Comprehensive Plan the ~: The County Planning Commission is not capable or empowered to implement the wide variety of functions identified in the County Comprehensive Plan. establishment of for requmng coordination of County. Goal: Identify or provide for an organizational structure(s) within the County that will be able to implement, or at least promote, the proposals identified in this Plan. Policy: The Midland County Board of Commissioners, in conjunction with the Midland County Planning Commission, should promote state enabling legislation to empower county planning commissions to coordinate federal, state and local agency planning activities and require such agencies to submit plans for such coordination. Policy: The Midland County Board of Commissioners, in conjunction with the Controller-Administrator and the Midland County Planning Commission, should establish a strategic program at the County level to identify specific organizations and a structure responsible for implementing specific Plan recommendations. Strategies: Strategies: • Actively lobby with the Michigan Association of Counties (MAC), Michigan Chapter of the American Planning Association (MAPA) and Michigan Society of Planning Officials (MSPO) to amend the County Planning Act (P.A. 282 of 1945) to require County notification and coordination of various agency planning activities . • Encourage the involvement of identified units of government, public/private nonprofit organizations, businesses and interested individuals in the implementation program. Goal: Promote the a mechanism intergovernmental planning within the • Assign organizations/individuals to specific proposals and work with them to develop a series of strategies for each proposal. 1-17 �Home and Modular Home Regulations (No. 3) was implemented by the Midland County Planning Commission by publication of model standards governing the use, construction, and placement of mobile and modular housing. The standards are contained in the Planning Commission's report entitled Study of Mobile & Modular Homes in Midland County, Michigan, January 1989. • The County Board of Commissioners should lead the implementation program and support the efforts of the County Planning Commission. • Provide for a system of monitoring the progress made by participants. Implementation of 1987 Comprehensive Planning Policies The preparation of housing studies in 1991 by Wilkens and Wheaton Engineering Company for the Midland County Housing Commission and the City of Midland do relate to the Affordable Housing issue (No. 1), but a housing plan still remains to be prepared. The results of the two studies are presented in the reports entitled Affordable Housing Study for the OutCounty Area of Midland County. December 1991; and Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy, City of Midland, November 1991. Upon identifying planning issues in 19851987, the Midland County Planning Commission and other public bodies started promoting the implementation of certain policies addressing key issues of county-wide significance. Although there were several specific issues (42), major implementation efforts were directed at issues dealing with housing standards, affordable housing, traffic data, County highway planning, public transit, consolidation of public services, County offices, solid waste resource recovery and disposal, planning of County government facilities, economic development, river and stream preservation, and coordinated management of County offices. A description of the implementation of policies dealing with these issues follows: To generate interest in the County Housing Planning issue (No. 5), the Midland County Planning Commission sponsored a county-wide workshop in October 1988 on "Midland County Housing Needs." Transportation Issues - Key transportation issues included: Housing Issues - Key housing issues included: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Traffic Data 7. North-South Circulation 8. Public Transit 9. M-20 and Saginaw Road Corridor Development 10. County Highway Planning 11. Bicycle and Pedestrian Trafficways Affordable Housing Preservation of Housing Mobile Home and Modular Home Regulations Elderly Housing Needs County Housing Planning None of the housing policies were fully implemented except the policy on Mobile 1-18 • • • • • • • • • -- �I I I I I I I I ' '• • II 1111 Ill II ~ comprehensive plan and capital improvements program directed at bicycle and pedestrian trafficways. The acquisition of the County linear park properties within the abandoned CSX Railroad right-of-way by the Midland County Parks and Recreation Commission for nonmotorized transportation purposes does relate to this issue, however. A traffic count program was initiated in 1989, addressing the Traffic Data issue (No. 6), as part of the Midland County Road Commission's report entitled Midland County Long-Range Transportation Plan, 1991, December 1991. This report also addresses the NorthSouth Circulation issue (No. 7) and County Highway Planning issue (No. 10). The County Highway Planning issue (No. 10) will be re-addressed in implementing a new policy on area-wide comprehensive transportation planning. To promote the undertaking of an area-wide comprehensive transportation plan for Midland County, the County Planning Commission sponsored a county-wide workshop in October 1992 on "Comprehensive Transportation Planning" and the Federal lntermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991. Community Facilities Issues - Key community facilities issues included: 12. Midland Urban Growth Area (MUGA) Policy 13. Historic Sites, Identification and Preservation 14. Consolidation of Public Services 15. County Offices 16. Recreational Funding for Property Acquisition and Facility Development 17. Meeting Recreation Needs: Resident versus Tourist 18. Solid Waste Resource Recovery and Disposal 19. County Drains 20. Adaptive Reuse of Schools 21. Planning of County Government Facilities 22. Water Supply Without Consideration of Public Sewers Considerable promotion of the Public Transit policy (No. 8) was given by the Midland County Board of Commissioners but implementation of a county-wide public transit system failed due to lack of support by the City of Midland and the townships. As a means of promoting the implementation of the M-20 and Saginaw Road Corridor Development policy (No. 9), the Midland County Planning Commission sponsored a county-wide workshop in October 1991 on "Highway Corridor Management Planning." In cooperation with the Bicentennial Committee and the Midland County Parks and Recreation Commission, the Midland County Historical Society initiated the marking of historical sites (Issue No. 13) in the County. Although there was discussion by the Midland County Road Commission and Midland County Parks and Recreation Commission regarding the Bicycle and Trafficways issue (No. 11), there was no implementation of the policy for a Of major importance to the County, the Midland County Board of Commissioners initiated implementation of the policy on Consolidation of Public Services (No. 14) in conjunction with the policy on 1-19 �I January 1986. As an update to the earlier waste-to-energy feasibility study, the Midland County Board of Commissioners participated in a Clean Michigan Fund-financed study, which was published in two reports: Phase I Feasibility Study: Waste-to-Energy in the East Central Region of Michigan, October 1986; and Phase II Feasibility Study: Waste-to-Energy Feasibility Study for Bay, Gladwin, Isabella, & Midland Counties, April 1987. These implementation efforts were followed by the updating and adoption by the Midland County Board of Commissioners of the report entitled Solid Waste Management Plan, Midland County. Michigan, October 1988. Professional management consultants were then hired by the County to assist the Midland County Board of Commissioners in the administration and implementation of the Solid Waste Management Plan. This lead to contractural agreements between the City of Midland and local jurisdictions for use of the City's landfill for waste disposal. Later the Midland County Solid Waste Management Advisory Board, responsible for coordinating implementation of the Solid Waste Management Plan, was created. While these various implementation efforts were being pursued, the Midland Volunteers for Recycling, Inc., a nonprofit corporation, was created. A public education program was developed and expansion of voluntary recycling ensued. Coordinated Management of County Offices (No. 40). The results of the Board's work are contained in the following documents: Coordination of County Services, Report of the Midland County Task Force on Local Government and Services. January 1990; Strategic Planning Report. Midland County, Michigan, September 1991; and the Board of Commissioners' Transition Team's reports which lead to the creation of a Controller-Administrator position for managing County government services. At the time the County Comprehensive Plan was being prepared, the Midland County Planning Commission addressed the issue of County Offices (No. 15), looking at the deficiencies within existing housing spaces and sites for County offices and recommending needed improvements. The results of the study are contained in the report entitled Comparative Evaluation of Midland Office Facility Alternatives. August 1986. Various efforts were pursued in the implementation of the Solid Waste Resource Recovery and Disposal policy (No. 18). Upon initiation by Midland County Board of Commissioners, Bay, Gladwin, Isabella, and Midland counties participated in a waste-to-energy feasibility study. The results of the study are contained in the report entitled Solid Waste Disposal System Feasibility Study for Bay, Gladwin. Isabella and Midland Counties. December 1985. This study was followed by the report entitled A Development Plan for a Volunteer Recycling Program for Midland County, Michigan, September 1986. Toe Midland County Planning Commission then prepared the report entitled Solid Waste Facility Regulations for Midland County, The Adaptive Reuse of Schools issue (No. 20) was addressed in part by the Midland Public Schools Board of Education, although no overall consolidation of space occurred throughout the County. 1-20 •I • • • • • • • �I I I I I I I I I I I II II II 23. Random Development Resulting From Poor Soils 24. Location of Industrial and Commercial Development 25. Floodplain Development 26. Land Use Compatibility Between Governmental Units 27. Regional Commercial Center Location 28. Economic Development Sites 29. Prime Farmland Preservation 30. Conflicts Between Residential/NonResidential Development 31. Residential Development in NonUtility Areas 32. Soil Erosion • •Ill The Midland County Economic Growth and Development Corporation (formerly the Midland County Growth Council) continued its efforts in implementing the policy on Location of Industrial and Commercial Development (No. 24) and the Economic Development Sites policy (No. 28) in conjunction with the policies Ill Ill on the Midland County Economic Development Strategy (No. 38) and Economic Diversification (No. 39). The issue of ; Planning of County Government Facilities (No. 21) was addressed by the Midland County Planning Commission in 1987 by preparing the County's first report on County facilities entitled County Facilities Master Plan, May 1987. This report was followed by the updated report entitled County Facilities Master Plan - 1990 Update, October 1990. The County Facilities Master Plan provided impetus for preparing a County Capital Improvements Program, a policy on maintaining and replacing County motorized vehicles, and a County facilities preventive maintenance program. To promote interest in implementing the Prime Farmland Preservation policy (No. 29), the Midland County Planning Commission sponsored a county-wide workshop in October 1986 on "Preservation of Agricultural and Forested Lands.N Implementation of the land use policies was limited; however, the Midland County Planning Commission sponsored countywide workshops on "Futuring" (1989) and "Planning and Zoning in Your Community" (1990) to promote interest among the municipalities and townships to prepare and update their community master plans. Land Use Issues - Key land use issues included: General Planning Issues - Key general planning issues included: 33. Urban Amenities in Rural Locations 34. Private Sewage Systems 35. Midland Urban Growth Area (MUGA) Policy 36. Air Pollution Control 37. Stream System Use 38. Midland County Economic Development Strategy 39. Economic Diversification 40. Coordinated Management of County Offices 41. Planning Effort by Local Governmental Units 42. Groundwater Protection Implementation of the Stream System Use policy (No. 37) was carried out by the Midland County Parks and Recreation Commission in cooperation with the Midland County Planning 1-21 �I I I I I I I I Commission. The work involved is contained in the report entitled Midland County River Protection Plan, November 1991, which provides a model master plan and zoning regulations for the municipalities and townships to use in preserving river and stream corridors. Implementation of other general planning policies was limited, except the Coordinated Management of County Offices policy (No. 40). This policy was broadened by the Midland County Board of Commissioners and combined with the Consolidation of Public Services policy (No. 14) to include all County offices in addition to those departments and agencies responsible for housing, transportation, community facilities and land use. • • • The Midland County Planning Commission also sponsored a county-wide workshop in October 1987 on "Groundwater Protection Management Planning" to promote interest in implementing the Groundwater Protection policy (No. 42). 1-22 �I I I I I I I I I I I - Comprehensive Plan �I I I I I I I I I I I -II - COMPREHENSIVE PLAN Land Use Recommended Future Land Use This section describes the existing land use pattern in Midland County and forecasts land use distribution patterns for the future. As the County's population grows there will be a demand for more homes, commercial uses and employment opportunities. Careful planning for these uses can help ensure cost-effective services and an attractive living environment. The Comprehensive Land Use Plan map (Map 17) depicts the following major land use classifications. Other subcategories of land use are described as guidelines for purposes of municipal and township planning. Agricultural Land The Michigan Resource Inventory System (MIRIS) is a computerized mapping program that depicts land uses and natural resources within counties, based upon aerial photographs and ground checking. The MIRIS maps for Midland County indicate that agricultural land uses, for the most part, coincide with the Important Farmlands map identified in the 1987 County Comprehensive Plan. Comparison of both maps also indicate sections, particularly along the northern portions of the County, that are considered to be important farmlands but were not used for agriculture when the MIRIS inventory was performed. There are also locations, particularly in the center of the County, where croplands and pasture lands exist which are not considered important farmlands. Overall, there are almost 98,600 acres of cropland, representing over 29 percent of the County's land area and more than 2,800 acres of permanent pasture, comprising 0.8 percent of the County. The townships that are most oriented to agriculture are Warren, Geneva, Jasper, Hope, Homer, Porter, Mt. Haley, Larkin and Ingersoll. The primary agricultural use in these townships is cropland and, in most cases, these lands have been designated as agricultural by local governmental units in their land use plans and zoning ordinances. Existing Land Use The evaluation of the existing uses of land is necessary in order to estimate future need. The land use figures used in this Plan are consolidated from land cover /use information made available by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources through the Michigan Resource Inventory System (MIRIS) (see Table 45). The land cover/use data is displayed on Map 15. Table 45 provides a comprehensive breakdown of land use types for each of the County's political jurisdictions according to MIRIS data, which is based on 1978/1979 aerial photographs and subsequent field checking. Almost 92 percent of the County is devoted to "rural" uses such as agricultural and forested lands. Approximately eight percent is devoted to more intensive "urban" uses including housing, commercial and industrial development. The City of Midland (while housing 50 percent of the County's population) contains over 35 percent of the County's combined residential, institutional, commercial and industrial land use acreage. J-1 �>-- I- z ::, 0 (.) EXISTING LAND USE MIDLA D COUNTY. MICHIGAN 0 z ~ LEGE ND ~ rn ~ MUL T I-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL COMMERCIAL I __ i __ _ ···°'•·······1 ,,I I L >Iz ··1· -· >z ::, ::::> I- (.) 0 0 ~ INSTITUTIONAL • INDUSTRIAL ■ AIR ■ CEMETERIES ~ CROPLAND □ UNDEVELOPED / RURAL RESIDENTIAL TRANSPORTATION (.) s Ou RC E: <{ _J _J MICHIGAN LAND INFORMATION SYSTEM 1979 0 6250 12500 25000 37500 w ~ (/) Gove Associates Inc 1601 Portage Street Kalamuoo, Mic:L.iaan ◄9001 0 �-------- ---111111111:WlllaWI ta . . TABLE 45 EXISTING LAND USE (ACRES) Low Density Residential 796 3 .5% High Density Residential 30~ 1.3% Hope Homer 441 1.9% 1,746 11 .5% ' Ingersoll Jasper 300 2.0% 83 , 3 .5% 0 forome 297 1.3% Larkin 1,084 4.9% Lee 1,112 5 .1 % Lincoln 1,22< 5.3% Mt. Haley Midland Mills 651 4.3% soc 10.9% 572 2 .3% Porter 543 3.5\{ Coleman Midland SJnfo(d City City Village rrot.ala Warren m 549 .8% 2.4% ( 0 C C ( C ( 0 0 C C C -- - neg -- C -- C - - - - - - - - - - - 275 41.6% 5,008 28 .5% 23f 24 .1% 16,959 5.0% 4 .6% 115 .6% C - 124 neg. IC 9 3( .2% 10 . 1% 12 .1% 59 .3% 39 .2% 23 . 1% 6 . 1% 16 . !% - .1% 469 2 .7% soc - 25 3 .8% 34 - 6C .1% C neg . 15 .1% C neg . 3 .5% .2% 142 .6% II neg . 45 105 .7% 12 . 1% 41 1 1.8% 18 .!% 371 1.7% 332 1.5% 145 .6% 313 2.1 % 541 7.3% 43 .2% 73 .2% .5% 72 .3% 21f 1.0% 20 3 . 1% 2,418 13 .8% 25 2.5% 5,315 1.6% 20 . 1% 6 neg . 18 .1% 105 .7% 11 . 1% 23 . 1% 7 neg . 67 .3% 2( . 1% 44 I. .2% neg . 21 .3% 25 . !% .I% 11 neg 102 .5% 2 .3% 669 3.8% 42 4.3% 1,204 .4% 90 .4% 4 neg . 0 17 . 1% 6 neg . C C - - . 1% 43 .2% 0 - 78 .4% C - 75 .3% C - - 14 2. 1% 832 4.7% 4~ 4.9% 1,211 .4% 28 .1% 53 .2% 112 45 0 0 198 .9% .4% 1,24( 16.8% 4 neg 0 .5% 251 1.7% 0 - 74 .3% 95 .3% 8 neg . 113 .5% - - 433 1.9% 14 2.1% 1,02, 5.8% 4S 5.0% 3,741 1.1% Agricultural 4,096 17.9% 8,649 37.4% 1,246 5 .4% 3,667 24.2% 6,583 43 .4% 16,541 70.5% 11,54, 50.0% 1,759 8.0% 8,22C 37.5% 2,709 11 .8% 2,255 14.8% 2,241 30.4% 2,771 11 .3% 8,766 57.4% 10,49, 45 .7% 9,376 41.7% 175 26.5% 88 1 5 .0% 35 3 .6% 102,0U 30.0% Forest Lands 13,268 57.8% 12,18C 52 .7% 18,372 79 .5% 6,703 44 .2% 5,712 37.7% 4,096 17.5% 9,37f 40.6% 13,568 61.9% 9,098 41.6% 15,421 67 .0% 8,56( 56 .3% 1,323 18 .0% 16,271 66 .3% 4,563 29.9% 8,929 38.9% 8,736 38.8% 2~ 4.2% 3,496 19 .9% 257 26.2% 159,95') 41.l % 1,600 6 .9% 257 1.1% 354 1.5% 234 1.5% 326 2 . 1% 403 1.7% 341 1.5% 1,595 7.3% 861 3 .9% 627 2 .7% 1,392 9 .2% 44 .6% 2,27f 9.3% 389 2 .5% 1,151 195 .8% C - 181 1.0% C 5.0% - 12,222 3.6% 582 2 .5% C 0 217 1.4% Sli 3 .7% 10 neg . 50 .2% 49 .3% 34 .5% 3 neg 0 - 30 .2% 0 .3% 2 neg. C - 221 1.5% 59 - - - 215 1.2% 17.9% 2,465 .7% 2,33( IO.I% 1,648 7.1% 2,509 10.8% 2,275 15.0% 1,98, 13 . l % 1,061 4.5% 1,433 6.2% 2,353 10.7% 1,999 9. 1 % 2,655 11.6% 1,699 11 .2% 1,10, 15 .0% 10.4% 905 5.9% 2,083 9.1% 2,883 12.8% 104 15.7% 2,285 13 .0% 7S 8.0% 33,953 9.9% 23,121 23,112 15,153 15,164 23,452 23,09' 21,911 21,89, 23,01( 15,19' 7,361 24,534 15,278 22,983 22,501 661 17,595 981 339,969 Commercial Industrial Institutional 'I Greendale Edenville Geneva Land Use C 9 17 Parks/Open w'Space Trans, Comm & Utilities Wetlands Water Bodies Undeveloped Nonforcstcd Land Totals 22,96 4 Notes: neg. - negligible acreage SOURCE: Michigan Dcpanmen1 of Natural RelOUrces Current Uae Inventory Acreage Report (Based on 1978/79 aerial photography). C - 2,55t C - rn �~ is based on the application of the County's 1978/79 acres per unit rate multiplied by the projected growth in housing units estimated over the future years (Table 50). This category is created to recognize the substantial economic and land use impacts agricultural uses have on the County. For identification purposes only, farming operations exceeding 40 acres should be placed within this category. Farm residences are included only if part of an active farming operation and located on a parcel greater than 40 acres. The Plan delineates four residential classifications: Rural Residential, Residential, High Density Residential and Mobile Home Park. Within the County there are approximately 124 acres of medium to high density multiple-family housing units, primarily within the City of Midland. This represents a little over 0.03 percent of the County's total acreage. At the same time, there are about 16,600 acres, or 4.9 percent of the County, devoted to single-family and duplex residential development, mostly within the City of Midland and emanating westward along major County roads and local roads. The 40-acre division is appropriate, given the 1987 Census of Agriculture information that indicates that the majority of the farms within the County exceed 50 acres. Agricultural/Small Farm - As the character of farming changes and more people become involved in farming on a parttime basis, more as a hobby than a primary or even single source of income, there is a need to set aside smaller parcels for such activity. These "hobby" farms should be large enough to reasonably accommodate farm production activities, yet smaller than the acreage needed to operate a commercial farmstead. Typical farm activities, such as the raising of livestock and crop production, would be allowed on a limited basis. Because these farm operations would be considered as hobbies, they could occur on marginal farmlands in any of the townships in the County, outside of municipalities (Coleman, Midland and Sanford). Residential Land As Table 46 depicts, there is a substantial variation in the anticipated future distribution of residential land use throughout the County. Overall, Midland County should add over 16,000 (or 25 square miles) acres of residential development to its inventory over the next 25 years. The City of Midland will account for about 33.5 percent of that growth. The majority of growth outside the City of Midland, will occur in the County's western and northern townships. Specifically, the following change in residential acreage, based on population projections, is projected for each township: Residential Acreage Requirements (Table 46) - This table combines both low and high density development needs. The table projects that Midland County will require 16, 116 additional residential acres (roughly 25 square miles) by 2015. This Edenville +489 Geneva +232 Greendale + 287 Homer +1,947 Hope +333 Ingersoll +768 J-4 Lee Lincoln Midland Mills Mt. Haley Porter +933 +787 +872 +459 +479 +174 • • •I I I �I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I II II I - Jasper +175 Jerome + 1,03? Larkin +883 Warren +516 Coleman City + 345 Midland City + 5,400 These figures are based on arithmetic caJculations and do not represent actual conditions. TABLE 46 RESIDENTIAL ACREAGE REQUIREMENTS (Low and High Density) Based on 1978/79 Acres/Unit as Applied to Projected Housing Need .·.·.-•• -.-.·❖:❖:❖: ❖:•:-:- TgwnshllUi Edenville ·-·-·.·--.-.. ·•. ·... ·•·•·••• ■11111lii1C!l~ii,1 796 912 .87 304 441 412 866 303 1,015 1,355 .74 995 410 405 535 443 1.00 528 528 815 1,751 1,471 1.19 1,557 1,853 630 2,680 3,800 Hope 300 549 .55 558 307 425 640 Ingersoll 832 297 943 .80 984 787 1,115 1,555 .70 385 270 355 445 .82 1,478 1,312 1880 2,515 1.10 1,803 1,193 1,635 2,195 Geneva Greendale Homer Jasper Jerome* Larkin 1,320 1,112 383 1,604 1,010 Lee 1,225 1,090 1.12 1,395 1,562 1,875 2,495 Lincoln 651 547 1.19 658 783 1,045 1,570 Midland Mills 800 572 812 836 1,700 550 828 671 1,215 467 .99 1.22 830 1,130 Mt. Haley 543 503 1.08 570 616 790 1,095 Porter 188 358 .53 399 211 280 Warren 549 622 .88 658 579 785 385 1,095 Cities Coleman Midland 279 536 .52 526 275 416 620 5,123 13,790 .37 15,338 5,675 7,980 11,075 c~um~ 17,083 26,355 .65 29,343 18,904 25,356 35,020 *Includes Vdlage of Sanford SOURCE: U.S. Census of Population and Housing Summary Reports, 1980 and 1990; Gove Associates Inc. J-5 �Each jurisdiction should review its master land use plan to determine if it has enough land planned for residential use (single-family, multiple-family, mobile home park) to accommodate these forecasted additional acreages required. water only. The lots along the lake in Edenville Township are not improved with either water or sewers. U.S. 10 and Michigan Highway 20 are also routes along which strip rural residential development occurs. Rural Residential - Rural residential indudes those areas identified for residential development where public sewer and/or water is not available or anticipated during the Plan period. Such locations are typically distant from the County's urbanized sectors and comprise the majority of land area within the County. Rural residential is often found in close proximity to the County's agricultural areas. Residential - The residential classification, sometimes referred to as urban residential, reflects areas either served by public sewer and/or water, or indicates locations where these utilities are potentially available. Lot sizes are generally one acre or less, and contain single-family or duplex residential units. The residential classification encompasses full service utility areas, such as the cities of Coleman and Midland, to outlying townships where utility service has been planned but may not be currently available. In cases where utilities will not be developed for an extended period, local communities should consider the sizing of lots commensurate with their ability to supply quality groundwater while also handling wastewater. The rural residential category indudes residences on parcels from .10 acres to less than one acre. This density of development is recognized because of the nature of nonfarm residential uses. This type of development often occurs when individuals divide larger parcels for residents seeking a rural living environment. The lack of utility service will also dictate somewhat larger parcels for water and sewer provisions. Much of the existing rural residential development occurs in a linear configuration along rural roads that follow section lines, particularly in the central/southern portions of the County. Homer, Jerome, Larkin and Lee townships, ,along with Midland Township contain the majority of rural residential land uses found within Midland County. Sanford Lake is surrounded by relatively higher density residential land uses. Although these units are on smaller lots (approximately 1/4 to 1/2 acres), they are not improved with sewer and therefore are considered rural residential. The lots along Sanford Lake in Jerome Township are served with High Density Residential - While the residential classification is limited primarily to urban built-up areas with utilities existing or planned, and consists of single-family and two-family housing, the high density residential classification would consist of properties containing three or more units and be restricted to areas with existing sewer and/ or water systems. This currently limits such development to the City of Coleman and the City of Midland and, · if approved by the County Health Department, the Midland County Water District No. 1. In effect, the high density residential classification is a subcategory of the residential classification. Within this J-6 �I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I '- category, there are 120 acres of low-rise multi-family development and almost four acres of high-rise multi-family housing, primarily within the City of Midland. The restriction of higher density residential development to urbanized, full service utility areas (the cities of Midland and Coleman) makes sense from an environmental, access and service standpoint, and those types of units should continue to be restricted to those urban areas. Such residences could also be located in the Midland Urban Growth Area once utilities become available. measure of future need. Table 48 is based on the relationship of the commercial market to spending. As population and sales increase, the need for additional commercial development also increases. The tables indicate a range of 746 to 1,519 acres, or an average of 1, 132.5 new acres by the year 2015, given the estimated commercial acreage existing in 1980. Mobile Home Park - This is another residential land use subcategory. The nine mobile home parks in the County, two of which are located in Lee Township adjacent to M-20, encompass over 21 0 acres, or 0.06 percent of the County's land area. Aside from those parks in Lee Township, the majority of mobile home parks in the County are located within full utility service areas (the City of Midland, or the City of Coleman), or within the defined Midland Urban Growth Area. Since mobile home parks are a relatively higher density land use, it is preferable to locate them within utility service areas or, as an alternative, in locations with soils that are capable of accommodating on-site waste systems, are not prime for agricultural use, and are compatible with surrounding land uses. The County should encourage the placing of mobile homes in parks rather than on individual lots. Community Commercial - This Plan identifies a number of locations as community commercial. These areas primarily exist to serve the day-to-day needs of localized populations (less than 30 minutes away). Typical uses include gasoline service stations, grocery stores, restaurants and other small retail establishments. Limited office development may also be found. Several of the centers, such as along M-20 and at the US-1 0 interchanges, also serve motorists traveling through the County. Community commercial uses should be located in planned centers, off major roads, as opposed to strip commercial areas. Commercial areas delineated by the Plan generally coincide with existing commercial development. The size of a community commercial center may vary, but normally does not exceed five to 10 acres. In many instances, these centers encompass only the corner lots of highway intersections. There are over 800 acres of community commercial development within the County including the City of Midland, which contains the majority of commercial land use within the County. Commercial Land Commercial Acreage Requirements (Tables 47 and 48) - This table estimates future commercial acreage needs. Table 47 applies the 1978/79 per capita allocation of commercial land to projected population growth as a J-7 �TABLE 47 COMMERCIAL ACREAGE REQUIREMENTS (Per Capita) Based on Population Growth and Using 1978/79 - Allocation of Acre/Person for Each Jurisdiction •:< Jurisdiction 1978/79 Acres Per Capita •· Projected Estimated 1978/79 i 2015 2000 1990 Acreage Townshigs Edenville Geneva Greendale Homer Hope Ingersoll Jasper** Jerome* Larkin Lee Lincoln Midland Mills Mt. Haley** Porter** Warren .005 .008 .012 .007 .008 .004 0 .014 .018 .012 .014 .003 .011 0 0 .009 10 9 15 30 10 12 0 .017 .013 25 469 13 10 20 15 12 23 38 12 14 14 44 84 11 16 73 74 53 29 9 20 19 14 20 21 378 28 604 12 8 18 30 10 11 11 64 65 60 59 39 23 6 16 0 0 17 48 25 7 18 17 14 16 16 86 61 34 10 23 22 16 23 Cities Coleman Midland 1,064 .011 756 800 Countx *Includes Village of Sanford -Projection based on average of .01 commercial acres/person countywide (excluding Cities of Midland and Coleman) and 1990 Census of Population. SOURCE: 32 700 1,215 MIRIS; U.S. Census of Population (1980); Gove Associates Inc. (Projections based upon Woods and Poole (1992) TABLE 48 COMMERCIAL ACREAGE REQUIREMENTS Based on Retail and Service Sales/Establishment Year 1982 1987 1990 2000 2015 Population 73,992 75,029 75,651 91,280 105,730 Total Sales* $363,452,000 $451,019,000 $527,468,275 $986,066,805 $2,202,687,790 Establishments 790 765 790 1,064 1,675 Acreage 932 903 933 1,259 1,988 *Constant dollars with no increase for inflation. 1990, 2000 and 2015 total sales based upon rate of increase between 1982 and 1987. Number of establishments based upon increased sales/establishments between 1982-1987 and calibrated to calculate number of establishments for 2015. Projections are based on Woods and Poole (1992) . SOURCE: U.S. Census of Retail Trade: 1982, 1987; U.S. Census of Service Industries: 1982, 1987; U.S. Census of Population: 1990. J-8 �I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 'I - the community commercial designation, is designed to accommodate the immediate needs of urban residents being within a generalized circumscribed area (such as a six- or eight-squareblock residential district). In the rural sections of the County, neighborhood commercial uses are primarily located in agricultural areas and serve a market radius of two to three miles. Typical uses within this classification would include small independent grocery stores, gas stations, small sit-down coffee shop/restaurants, grain and feed stores and similar uses. Size, as well as type, of activity is also a defining characteristic of neighborhood commercial activities. A neighborhood commercial area could consist of a single small store on a one- or two-acre (or larger) site containing several smaller retail/service facilities. They should be located in planned centers, off primary roads, preferably at or near intersections, on sites that can efficiently serve a population of about 2,000 to 4,000 persons. Aggregations of neighborhood businesses within a center, with common off-street parking, is a desirable alternative to separate, scattered neighborhood commercial uses. Such centers should be strategically located within the rural portion of the County, serving a radius of two to three miles and covering four to eight acres. commercial development within the County including the City of Midland, which contains the majority of commercial land use within the County. This Plan attempts to recognize viable community commercial locations. It is possible that unexpected population growth, changing consumer habits and preferences, or other factors may result in the demand for additional centers. Locational include: criteria for new centers - Demonstrated need based on market demand. - Compatibility with opment. adjacent devel- - Location on designated arterials or collectors as opposed to local streets. - If possible, linkage to public utilities. If not, sites must be capable of supplying potable water and handling wastewater discharges. - Suitable location within the trade area (or market population) to maximize potential for success and reduce travel time and energy costs for consumers. - Suitable access to fire, police, rubbish collection and other municipal service. Office - This is a subcategory of the community commercial land use classification. Office space can range from a single small one-person facility to a complex of office buildings. In many instances, buildings of a certain primary use (e.g., industrial or retail commercial) may contain office space, but are not classified as office because the majority - Potential for growth. Neighborhood Commercial - While community commercial activities are intended to serve the general community in which they are located, neighborhood commercial, which is a subcategory of J-9 �of the building is devoted to the primary use. The City of Midland contains most of the office space within the County. The proximity of offices to easy accessibility, adequate parking and complementary services are important factors in defining the best location for office space. Optimally, offices should be concentrated within existing urban areas (i.e., downtowns), to provide a resource for increased retail commercial activity within central business districts. If feasible and beneficial to the upkeep and maintenance of the neighborhood, older dwelling units on the perimeter of the central business district could be converted to office space. In rural areas, offices should be located in central locations for easy accessibility and efficiency by placing complementary businesses within close proximity to each other. design and operating standards that will mm1m1ze negative impacts upon surrounding land uses and traffic flow. General Commercial - Whereas community commercial land uses are designed to serve the entire community, and neighborhood commercial activities are intended to serve more local needs, general commercial land uses are designated as activities that are not contained within a planned shopping area but located individually or in "pockets" throughout the community. General commercial land uses may consist of a wide variety of activities that are not within the central business district, or in regional shopping centers or neighborhood centers. Such stores may serve both neighborhood and community-wide markets. Typical general commercial businesses include auto dealers, contractor's yards, building suppliers, and similar businesses. These businesses should be limited to designated areas and have measurable While the importance of the City of Midland as a regional center remains strong, growth since the mid-1970s has resulted in new commercial development occurring along the perimeter of the City and into the surrounding townships. Such growth is especially evident in the vicinity of Larkin Township where a major shopping center has recently been completed on Eastman Road near U.S. 10. Regional Commercial - It should be recognized that some areas act, or may act, as shopping districts for persons outside the immediate area. Generally these centers will have large "anchor" stores and serve larger populations. Available shopping opportunities will be of a type that will attract customers from distances of about 30 minutes driving time. A regional center provides a full range of comparison shopping and includes general merchandise, clothing, furniture, appliances, specialty stores, automotive centers, and similar establishments. Regional centers attract consumers from a wide trade area. Outlying growth is anticipated to continue with many of the traditional commercial functions relocating from the City to the growth areas. Accordingly, the County Regional Commercial Center has been designated in an area just north of U.S. 10 in the City of Midland and Larkin Township. The City, however, remains intrinsically linked to the center. J-10 �I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I - TABLE 49 INDUSTRIAL ACREAGE REQUIREMENTS PER CAPITA Based on 1980 Per Capita Allocation of Industrial Acres For Each Jurisdiction •.· :::--: :-::::::·::. :;::,::;: i Jurisdiction .. : ..[1978/79 \Acres Per · ti Capita•-/ .. ·•:•. :::: ... •1s1~11s . Estimated · •· : ·•. - Acreage 1990 • ·• ...... •,•,:: :-:-::•:•·· ·.· -Projected 2000 • 2015 TQwnshiR§ Edenville Geneva Greendale .002 .004 .004 .006 .004 .001 .002 .002 .009 .002 .041 .135 .003 .003 .007 .030 5 5 5 27 5 4 3 7 29 6 67 323 5 5 9 55 5 5 6 27 5 4 3 9 32 8 74 323 5 5 8 55 5 5 7 32 6 4 3 10 37 9 86 394 5 6 10 66 6 6 8 37 7 4 3 12 43 10 100 457 6 7 11 76 .014 .062 20 2,286 20 2,345 23 2,881 27 3,337 Sanford .019 16 17 21 24 CQ~nty .039 2,881 2,956 3,610 4,181 Homer Hope Ingersoll Jasper Jerome* Larkin Lee Lincoln Midland Mills Mt. Haley Porter Warren Cities Coleman Midland Villages *Does not include Village of Sanford. SOURCE: Midland County; 1980 & 1990 Census of Population; Gove Associates Inc. J-11 �increase in industrial jobs. It is possible to guide industrial employment by promoting new business start-ups as well as expansion of existing industries. This can be accomplished by establishing the appropriate "environmentM for entrepreneurial development in the County. Within that framework, this Plan recommends additional or expanded development for entrepreneurial "start-up" businesses and for business expansion within or adjacent to the City of Coleman, in Ingersoll and Midland townships, such as along Gordonville Road, and adjacent to the Village of Sanford, as well as within or adjacent to the City of Midland. In those locations without existing community sewer or water utilities, such as along M-20 in Lee or Greendale townships, new industrial development should be required to construct adequate water and sewer systems approved by the County Health Department. Industrial Land Industrial Acreage Requirements (fable 49) - This table estimates Mure industrial acreage needs. Table 49 is based on 1978/79 per capita allocation of industrial land to projected population growth. Table 49 estimates that 1,300 additional acres of industrial land will be needed county-wide by the year 2015 (over 1978/79 acreage). This calculation is based solely on the ratio of industrial acreage to population in each jurisdiction at the time the MIRIS inventory was conducted. Since some of the townships did not have any .industrial land in 1978/79, a constant of "5" acres was assigned to Edenville, Geneva, Greendale, Hope, Mills and Mt. Haley townships for the purpose of projecting future industrial land acreage requirements. Projections for the other units of government were based on the 1978/79 actual acreage. New industries desiring to locate in the County will analyze numerous site, labor and political factors. Knowledge of these can be beneficial to the County and local units of government as they delineate industrial areas and/or seek to attract new industries. They include: As of 1978/79, about 2,881 acres of land in the County were devoted to industrial use. By 2015, it is estimated that 4,181 acres (or about 6.5 square miles) of industrial land will be needed in the County, a 45 percent increase in land area over 35 years. This Plan calls for Midland County's industrial land base to primarily remain within existing industrial areas and expand within certain school districts (because of the desire of certain school districts to increase their tax base through industrial development). The industrial and commercial goal and associated action calls for promoting planned industrial and commercial parks in the Bullock Creek, Coleman and Meridian public school districts. This is in agreement with the Woods and Poole employment projections that project an • Community acceptance • Transportation logistics - access to freeway, rail and air • Power supplies, including adequacy and costs • Water supplies, including raw and municipal water • Natural gas supplies • Raw material proximity J-12 �I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 'I Coleman and Meridian public school districts. • Market proximity • Permitability, including environmental and zoning permits Public Land • Utility purchase costs The public land classification consists of land holdings under public and quasipublic ownership, including institutional properties and lands in a natural condition. These encompass State forest lands and various County and other nondeveloped municipal holdings. • Land availability and costs • Sanitary Sewerage • Waste disposal opportunities, sanitary sewer, including hazardous wastes Over 50 percent of the County's institutional acreage is located in the City of Midland. This consists of County and City administrative facilities, the Grace A. Dow Memorial Library, the MidMichigan Regional Medical Center, parks, public and private schools, the Midland Community Center and other similar facilities. Because the City of Midland will continue to be the commercial employment and cultural center of the County, and is also projected to retain about 50 percent of the County's population through the year 2015, the majority of institutional acreage in the County will likely remain in the City of Midland. Most townships have recently remodeled their meeting facilities (township halls) or constructed new administrative facilities. Aside from local parks, the only facilities operated by several townships are maintenance/ storage buildings. It is not likely that new local public facilities, aside from the parks recommended above, will be required over the next 25 years. • Labor supply and labor relations • Local support services • Local development incentives, including tax abatement New industrial development should be sited in those locations lending themselves to such development. Light Industrial - Light industries (those that have minimal impact upon surrounding land uses) are more flexible in their location standards and criteria than basic (heavy) industries. Light fabrication and assembly operations that are completely enclosed with little or no negative air, noise, vibration or visual impacts upon surrounding areas do not have to be subject to the number and type of local restrictions, including concentration in designated industrial sites, as do heavier industries. It is, however, desirable to aggregate light industries in specified locations to better coordinate associated truck traffic, oversee environmental impacts, and in general provide better coordination of uses and services. This Plan advocates the placement of planned industrial and commercial parks in the Bullock Creek, The County Facilities Master Plan - 1990 Update identifies improvements to, or development of, 13 County facilities: Animal Control Center education room, Children's Center, County Jail, Courthouse exterior restoration, J-13 �of the County where local public recreation facilities do not exist, such as Jasper, Ingersoll, Edenville, Mt. Haley, Geneva and Hope townships. Municipal and township parks should be developed either as joint ventures, or independently, in those townships to serve the residents of those jurisdictions. Courthouse maintenance and storage shed, Emergency Operations Center, County Linear Park development, Manitou County Park development, Mental Health outpatient facility, Pine Haven Recreation Area development, Sanford Lake County Park picnic pavilions and storage building, and Veterans Memorial County Park picnic pavilion. The total estimated cost of these improvements is over $25 million, in 1990 dollars. Natural Conservation Area - Natural features areas, consisting of forested lands, wetlands, rivers, streams and lakes account for approximately 175,000 acres, or 51 percent of the County's total area. The majority (91%) of those natural features are forests, with about seven percent wetlands and two percent as water bodies. Of the forested areas, about 37,000 acres (23%) are under State forest lands, mostly in Edenville and Geneva townships in the northern and western portions of the County. Parkland - Overall, there are 21 major township /village/ city parks in the County totalling 1,551 acres. The County owns or administers eight parks, including the CSX Railroad right-of-way for development of a linear nonmotorized transportation trail. Several proposed County park improvements have been described in the Public Land section above. These include the Pere Marquette Rail-Trail linear park, which will require a master development plan; Manitou Park on Chippewa River Road in Lee Township, which is presently improved only with picnicking and parking facilities and which will also need a master plan for development; Pine Haven Recreation Area on Maynard Road in Jerome Township, west of Sanford Village, for which a master plan will be required; Sanford Lake County Park improvements, consisting of two new picnic pavilions and additional storage space for vehicles and equipment; the construction of two picnic pavilions at Veterans Memorial County Park near the Village of Sanford. Wetlands are located throughout the County and typically follow rivers and streams. Map 16 identifies those wetlands. Major existing conservation/natural resources facilities open to the public include the Chippewa Natural Center (866 acres in Homer and Midland townships adjacent to the Chippewa River) with easy access from the City of Midland and the Pine Haven Recreation Area in Jerome Township. The County has the opportunity to acquire 325 acres of State forest land to comprise the Pine Haven Recreation Area through a land swap. The majority of this area would be used for trails for cross-country skiing, mountain biking and nature interpretation. The County's 1988 Recreation Plan acknowledges the importance of the river system to the history of the County, Although this Plan indicates an adequate amount of recreational acreage exists to accommodate existing and projected populations, there are geographical areas J-14 �>-- 1- z ::> 0 u 0 NATURAL FEATURES z i a... IL._ MIDLAND COUNTY MICH!GAN _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ __j 1 i ~ 1 LEGEi\lD CONFINED FEEDING FORESTED f - WETLANDS s CUR CE : MICHIG,,N l.AND INFORMATION 0 6250 12500 SYSTEM 1979 25000 37500 Gowe Associa1tes !Jtllco i6Dl Portage Ka.la.muoo, S1breet Michigan -d90O1 �I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I including Indian encampments, early pioneer settlements, mineral exploration and lumbering. Consequently, that plan recommends the establishment of a ''Trail of Histort for archeological and historical interpretation. _ The site contains unique or abundant natural resources, such as unusual flora and fauna, plant or tree species which are indigenous to the area but in a concentration or density that makes the area unique. Overall, the County should identify key natural and archeological sites, such as the Kawkawlin Wildlife Flooding and Refuge Area in Mills Township, and work with local interested organizations and the State to preserve those sites, while at the same time opening them up to public access in a manner compatible with preservation. Existing natural conservation areas are identified on Map 16. The tour currently designated natural conservation areas provide substantial opportunity for public access for natural study and recreation. These areas are primarily located in the northern and eastern sections of the County, particularly in or near the City of Midland, providing easy access to the majority of the County's residents. Using National Recreation Association standards of eight acres of natural area per 1,000 persons (as identified in the Midland County 1988 Recreation Plan), the County should have 846 acres of natural/conservation lands open for public use by the year 2015. Between Pine Haven Recreation Area and Chippewa Nature Center, there are almost 1,200 acres of natural area available for public access in the County. However, other natural resource areas of significance may also exist and these should also be preserved for public access and enjoyment. Such areas should be carefully evaluated and selected, using relevant criteria to identify and rank potential sites. That process could include the following criteria: _ The site contains only limited manmade facilities associated with the operation of the natural conservation area (e.g., picnic areas, canoe launch, etc.) _ The site can be reasonably accessed by automobile, and adequate parking can be provided at the designated entrance to the area. _ The site can accommodate hiking trails without major modifications to the terrain, water courses, or plant species. _ The site is on existing publicly owned land (e.g., the Au Sable State Forest), or owned by a nonprofit entity willing and able to make the site available for public access. _ Access should be free of charge. River and Stream Preservation Corridors The County's river and stream corridors are considered significant water resources. These are made up of the Tittabawassee River watershed and its three subwatersheds - the Chippewa, Pine and Tittabawassee. Since these watersheds are interjurisdictional, they require a coordinated effort among jurisdictions, not only within Midland County, but also among the various counties in the watershed to ensure the quality of water in these subwaterJ-16 �uses such as pumphouses, docks, bridges, decks/ gazebos, boathouses, trails, etc. In effect, the natural vegetation strip would provide a protective barrier between more intense, contamination-prone activities and the adjacent body of water. sheds. Map 2 identifies the County's river corridors and drainage basins. Map 16 shows wetlands and forested lands associated with the rivers and streams. Sedimentation and chemical contamination have been major sources of pollution of the three river systems in the County, although the levels of toxic chemicals has decreased in recent years. Fishing continues to be a popular recreational activity along the three rivers, and the County recreation plan calls for the pursuit of a system of canoeing and fishing access sites along the County's rivers. It also calls for collaborating with local units of government to initiate appropriate zoning along river corridors to prevent degradation of those rivers. As a complementary planning policy, the Comprehensive Plan also calls for the adoption of floodplain management regulations. Townships that adopt effective regulations for controlling development within the 100-year floodplains would be eligible to enroll in the National Flood Insurance Program, thereby providing insurance benefits to property owners. Since local zoning is under the jurisdiction of each township and municipality within the County, adoption and incorporation of the River Protection Plan's recommendations into local zoning ordinances, as well as appropriate enforcement, is up to the individual units of government. The County should continue to encourage local jurisdictions, especially those with rivers, stream corridors and major drainage systems within their boundaries, to review and adopt the River Protection Plan's recommended ordinance language or modify it (within reason) to meet their particular needs. Nonmotorized Transportation Corridor The Plan map designates the abandoned CSX Railroad right-of-way as a Nonmotorized Transportation Corridor for such users as bicyclists, hikers, walkers, runners, horseback riders and crosscountry skiers. The corridor would be developed and managed as prescribed in a corridor development plan. Other corridors should also be included in the County Comprehensive Plan when a county-wide bicycle and pedestrian trafficway plan is formulated. The County recently commissioned a River Protection Plan intended to provide model provisions for controlling land uses and activities adjacent to river corridors within the County. Those provisions apply to four major categories: water quality, scenic preservation, recreation/ access and protection of sensitive environments. The River Protection Plan recommends an overlay zone be applied to properties along rivers, natural streams and County drains. Within that overlay zone, it is recommended a SOfoot wide natural vegetation strip be required. Uses allowed within the buffer strip would be limited to river compatible Synopsis Overall, the Comprehensive Plan attempts to coordinate land use changes J-17 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I �I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I facilities; and designates and preserves natural areas while opening them up judiciously to public access. The Plan also protects stream and river corridors through local adoption and enforcement of appropriate zoning controls and promotes the development of a nonmotorized transportation corridor to provide linkage between public focal points along that corridor. with anticipated societal changes to ensure the County optimizes both public and private development options in the future. That includes accommodating more "hobby" farms on smaller, yet productive agricultural land in a manner that will not conflict with surrounding residential uses; establishing an agricultural land use pattern that continues to reserve and preserve larger (40-acre +) prime agricultural parcels for commercial agriculture, minimizing intrusion of nonagricultural uses on viable agricultural land; coordinating residential densities with available public facilities, particularly sewer, water and streets to ensure effective phasing of development and preservation of resources, including the consolidation of mobile homes in licensed mobile home parks; and providing for efficient distribution of various categories of commercial development utilizing defined locational and site criteria that will utilize appropriately sized roadways and access to public facilities and utilities as well as optimally serve identified market areas. The Plan promotes industrial development oriented to "start-up" businesses as well as expansion of local businesses in locations that will benefit most of those school districts within the County that need additional operating revenues. The Plan recommends establishing reasonable location, design and environmental guidelines and regulations for light and heavy industry to enhance the attractiveness of those facilities; specifies public facility improvements, public service, administrative and recreation facilities, county park land improvements as well as the locating of recreation sites and facilities in certain townships that presently are without public recreation Community Facilities As Midland County continues to grow and develop in the future, so will its need for public facilities and services. A number of services provided to the residents of the County are provided by County government or county-wide service agencies. These are in addition to the services provided by the municipalities and townships. Individual townships typically provide services associated with street maintenance and improvements, fire protection, park development and maintenance, and ordinance adoption and enforcement. In some instances, water system development and solid waste programs are conducted through township government. The Midland County Water District No. 1 conducts a water system development program in cooperation with Jerome and Lincoln townships and the Village of Sanford. Several issues appear to be more common than others among townships. Those include road maintenance, water quality and trash in residential areas. Other areas, such as Jerome Township, foresee the need for a sanitary sewer system. Most local units of government have comprehensive land use plans, J-18 �While the County school districts, hospitals, county-wide nonprofit organizations and other governmental agencies supply a large proportion of the services available to County residents (such as road improvement/maintenance, libraries, county fairgrounds, emergency/medical care, sheriff, mental health, senior services, solid waste management), opportunity exists to increase cooperation among all units to provide more efficient services and facilities to residents and businesses. an authority. A separate collection and treatment system(s) could be built to serve other townships as needed. For example, in townships such as Edenville, Homer and Lee, that currently have water quality problems associated with individual systems, the same options could be studied. In fact, Homer Township is planning on developing a sanitary sewer system in a portion of the township and a water system throughout the area if approved by Township residents. The Coleman water system could also be extended to serve Warren Township and possibly areas beyond the Township boundary. Sewer /Water Recreation While the City of Midland has adopted an urban growth area policy for placement of water and sewer facilities, there are locations outside of that area where projected growth could warrant community sewer systems. Referring to the projected residential acreage requirements in Table 46, most townships could potentially require some form of community sanitary system in the next 25 years - the exceptions include Geneva, Greendale, Jasper and Porter townships. Various options are available for Mure study of alternative systems. For example, if feasible, the City of Midland could expand its service area to include two or three of those townships (perhaps Homer, Larkin, Lee, Ingersoll, Lincoln and/or Midland); the City of Coleman could service most, if not all, of Warren Township. However, lift stations would have to be provided, due to distance and topography. If warranted, Edenville and Jerome townships could consider constructing a joint sewer system, possibly owned and operated by The County is served by 21 major city, township and county parks, which are distributed throughout the County, with concentrations within the City of Midland and on the south end of Sanford Lake. Additional local township parks could be located in Jasper, Mt. Haley, Ingersoll, Hope, Geneva and Edenville townships. These additional parks would allow for easy access to picnicking or recreational facilities for residents of those townships. The opportunities for using local school facilities for additional local recreational programs should also be explored. This would require a formal effort between the school districts and local units of government to organize and coordinate the use of those facilities for community recreation. The County has initiated development of the abandoned CSX Railroad right-of-way as a nonmotorized transportation corridor. This right-of-way, which is owned by Midland County, runs northwesterly for approximately 26.5 miles from the City of Midland through Coleman to the Clare County/Isabella many of which have been updated within the last five years. J-19 �I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I - expanding or renovating their existing municipal offices or building new facilities. County line (the city limits of Clare). It would be used as a multipurpose recreational trail by bicyclists, hikers, runners, cross-county skiers and walkers. The County should continue to pursue the development of this right-of-way. A county-wide bicycle and pedestrian trafficway plan should also be prepared as a guideline for the provision of such facilities. Over time, trail "spursu could be accessed and developed linking the CSX right-of-way to various adjacent parks and recreation sites, such as Sanford Lake Park, Veterans Memorial Park, Pine Haven Recreation Area, Coleman School ball diamonds, Coleman City Park, Sanford Village Park and River Bend Park. Police and Fire Protection Overall, the County appears to be adequately serviced with fire protection through fire departments that are primarily comprised of volunteer fire fighters. All fire fighting facilities appear to be adequate to serve their respective communities over the next 20 years. Fire fighting equipment will obviously have to be replaced and upgraded in all 11 departments by the year 2010. Those fire service areas that cover more than one township (Midland, Ingersoll, Mt. Haley townships; Lee, Greendale and part of Porter townships; and Warren and Coleman townships) should be capable of maintaining service within those geographic areas during the next 20 years. Given the level of population growth expected in some townships it is suggested that the Midland County Township Officers Association conduct a study of the adequacy of all fire fighting facilities. Likewise, a study by the County Sheriff's Department in cooperation with the Township Officers Association, of expanding and funding police protection in growth areas is also suggested. County Facilities Several County facilities require study and planning of expansion or additional capacity. These facilities include the County Jail, an emergency operations center, a children's center, an animal control center education room, a mental health outpatient facility, and a congregate housing facility. Township/Municipal Halls The majority of township halls in the County are relatively newer facilities (built since 1960), and could expect to adequately accommodate anticipated needs over the next 20 years. Several townships, however, utilize older facilities as township halls and may need to renovate those facilities or build new ones by the year 2010. Those include Warren, Geneva, Homer and Porter Townships. In addition, the City of Coleman may need to consider Community Centers The four community centers appear to equitably serve the County in their geographic distribution, although additional centers may be appropriate within the northwestern and southcentral portions of the County to better serve the recreational and social needs of the residents of those areas. To do so would require an effort to organize, raise J-20 �funds, staff with paid and volunteer personnel and finance programs. Such centers should be centrally located for easy access. the next 20 years to serve the residents of Coleman and Warren townships. senior Citizen Centers The Chippewa Nature Center, Sanford Museum, Bradley House, H. H. Dow Museum and the Midland County Historical Museum all appear to adequately provide historical representation and education to the residents of the County, as well as tourists and visitors. These facilities can and should be listed as attractions in any County tourist promotion materials. These facilities should be maintained and renovated as necessary over the next 20 years. The potential for greater coordination and sharing of exhibits should be explored. Museums As the County's population continues to age, the demand for senior citizen facilities and services will increase. The current distribution of senior centers within the County does not necessarily represent an optimum geographical distribution of those facilities. A study should be conducted by the Midland County Council on Aging to determine whether an additional center could be located in the southcentral portion of the County, perhaps in Lee or Porter townships, to better serve the needs of seniors living in that general area. Some of the Council on Aging's facilities may eventually need to be expanded or renovated to meet the needs of the issues identified on page G-42, especially the developmentally disabled. Medical and Emergency Facilities The four emergency advance life support ambulance vehicles operating out of three locations in the County appear to be adequate to serve the County's shortrange and long-range emergency medical needs. However, there should be a study made for an ambulance station located on M-20 in the Southwest section of the County. Jasper Township is currently serviced by the volunteer fire and emergency medical operations out of St. Louis. That operation does not include advanced life support equipment. The MidMichigan Regional Medical Center's plans to double in size should accommodate the medical needs of the County's projected population through the year 2010. The Midland County Department of Emergency Services will require an improved emergency operations center with adequate communications capability. One option is to locate this center in Sanford Libraries The two major existing libraries within the County provide adequate library services to the townships through a cooperative system. However, additional library facilities within the County should be developed to provide increased access to local residents. The Grace A. Dow Memorial Library's concept of establishing satellite libraries in several locations throughout the County will facilitate that principle. Those locations should be determined after analysis of population distribution, accessibility, cost and proximity to existing libraries, among other factors. The Coleman Area Library should be renovated and enlarged over J-21 �I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I jurisdictions for providing those facilities, and providing the financial resources to acquire and construct those resources according to realistic capital improvements programs at both the County and local government level. because of its central location and the existence of the Sheriff's relay communication station in the Village. Another option is to locate the center in the new police station in the City of Midland. Housing Public Education In general, it is anticipated the four major school districts within the County may need to undertake expansion of their existing facilities. Based upon the projected populations by age group in Table 10, there should be long-range increases in student population and subsequent demand for additional facilities. Maintenance and renovation will continue to be required within each district over the next 20 years. Housing Programs Government programs for housing have concentrated on three primary aspects: financing, construction and rehabilitation. Of these, financing and rehabilitation currently receive the most attention. Government construction of new housing has, essentially, ceased. Financing programs, mostly in the form of guarantees or interest subsidies are limited in scope and availability. Rehabilitation, while reduced in funding, remains an active pursuit of many programs conducted by various levels of government. For the most part, colleges and universities in or adjacent to Midland County will continue to expand their enrollments and campus facilities. The existence of these schools is a tremendous asset to Midland County and they should be promoted as such. Options for coordination among the area's colleges and universities should be analyzed and pursued. The base planning document used by the Midland County Housing Commission to formulate programs and policies is a 1991 Comprehensive Housing Affordability Study entitled, Affordable Housing Study for the Out-County Area of Midland County. This report was developed in conformance with federal requirements for identifying the needs of those "at-risk" households within the County (lowincome, handicapped, homeless), and identifies strategies for providing adequate housing for those segments of the population. The Midland County Housing Commission administers several programs concentrating on housing rehabilitation and neighborhood improvement, including weatherization and clearance activities. Synopsis The location, timing and type of public facilities within Midland County can either influence, or be determined by, the character and rate of private development. The former will occur if the County and each of its jurisdictions takes a "proactive," rather than "reactive" approach to the provision of those facilities. That requires a concerted effort at developing realistic projections of needed facilities or facilities likely to be in demand, ensuring coordination among J-22 �I Future Housing Needs Two programs which have been used for rehabilitation work are the Federal Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Program and Michigan State Housing Development Authority (MSHDA) Small Cities Program. These programs provide grant and loan funds for rehabilitation activities. Substantial administrative activities have been accomplished by the Commission for the Michigan Energy Bank and the Community Home Improvement Program (CHIP) sponsored by the Michigan Department of Commerce. Having projected Mure population growth it is possible to estimate the need for housing within each community. These estimates were made by using the 1990 Census figures for housing units, and calculating the relative proportion of total housing units to 1990 households in each jurisdiction. That proportion was assumed to remain constant over the next 25 years and was multiplied by the projected number of households for each jurisdiction in Table 16. The results are depicted in Table 50. This table indicates a need of 6,627 units over the next five years as a result of new households as well as nonhousehold living quarters. The 1991 County Affordable Housing Study also indicates up to 680 additional units are needed over the next five years to replace existing deteriorated units and cover current need. This results in a total estimated need of 7,307 units by 1995 (The Affordable Housing Study uses a different methodology for calculating future demand and forecasts a need of 2,464 to 2,954 additional units over the next five years). To incorporate both projections into this Plan, a range of 2,465 to 7,307 units should be built over the next five years in the County. Residential acreage needs have also been projected based on anticipated population growth identified in this Plan (see Table 46). The status of any housing program is generally uncertain and can only be depended upon from year to year. The County Housing Commission has recognized this fact and is pursuing funds as they become available. One source which may be depended upon is the income returning to the program from repayments of earlier loans. Activity on accounting for and collecting these payments is continuing. The City has also recently completed a Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy, which is required to receive federal funds for identified "at-risk" populations. For residents in the City of Midland, the City has a separate Housing Commission. In conjunction with the CDBG and MSHDA programs, the City provides four housing related programs. These include a free paint program provided by the City in target activity neighborhoods, assistance with self-help rehabilitation, a deferred loan for elderly and low-income homeowners for home improvements and a basic weatherization package for owned or rented dwellings. The Midland County Comprehensive Plan attempts to meet housing needs by: 1. J-23 Recommending that housing needs be carefully analyzed through an update of the 1980 County Housing Plan/Program, including housing needs for all segments of the population. This would include a ~ •I • • • • •I • �I I I 3. 2. Once identified, that strategies be developed for implementing housing needs, including creation of a City- I I I I I I I I I I I County housing trust fund to finance low-to moderate-income housing. description of the total housing stock requirements by population characteristics and income levels. The Comprehensive Plan provides standards for housing densities based on land use, environmental and social constraints and needs. TABLE 50 PROJECTED HOUSING NEEDS BY JURISDICTION :-:-;-:•.·· Jurisdiction Townshig1 Edenville Geneva Greendale Homer Hope Ingersoll Jasper Jerome* Larkin Lee Lincoln Midland Mills Mount Haley Porter Warren Persons/ Unit 1980 ,/'' l,Jnlts/ Households 1990 :: · Units 1990 ' Households . 1990 Projected Units . . 1995 2000 .. 2015 2.22 2.81 857 367 995 410 1.16 1.12 1,065 495 1,165 545 1,555 720 2.81 496 3.04 1,492 528 1,557 1.06 1.04 575 2,005 630 2,250 2.27 3.19 2.95 431 931 558 984 1.29 1.06 no 385 1,803 3.25 3.05 364 1,647 1,155 1,329 1.06 1.09 1.03 1.05 680 1,250 470 2,075 1,345 1,515 815 3,195 1,160 1,945 3.00 2.94 628 802 658 836 3.13 3.15 530 552 550 570 1.05 1.04 1.04 1.03 3.11 384 623 399 1.04 494 2.60 2.97 1,193 1,395 1,395 510 2,290 635 3,070 1,485 1,675 1,995 2,260 780 1,095 880 1,225 1,320 1,715 615 660 475 680 730 925 1,015 530 658 1.06 800 890 725 1,245 1.06 1.04 705 19,365 800 21,570 1,190 29,930 1.06 35,970 40,020 55,415 Cities Coleman Midland 2.67 2.68 14,709 526 15,338 Coun!X 2.79 27,791 29,343 *Includes Village of Sanford Projected 1995, 2000 and 2015 dwellings are rounded to the nearest 5 units. NOTE: ,• Housing unit refers to actual dwelling/living unit whereas household refers to the persons occupying a housing unit. SOURCE: 1990 Census of Housing; Gove Associates Inc. J-24 �I Transportation 3. The movement of people and material is critical to the economic and social functioning of the County. As identified in the Transportation section of this Plan report, there are several categories, or levels, that make up the County's system of streets and roads, including freeways, state trunklines, County primary and local streets. As stated on page F-5, the State has no plans for major trunkline construction projects during the next 1O years. There are, however, two major studies currently in progress that could have long-range impacts, including safety and capacity improvements to M-20 west of the City of Midland, and improving U.S. 1O interchanges east of the City of Midland. Map 9, which depicts the County's functional classification system of roads, will be considered as the County's highway, street and road transportation plan, until a comprehensive area-wide transportation plan can be developed. A suggested outline of the components of a comprehensive transportation plan consists of the following: 4. 5. 6. 7. 1. 2. Data collection, including origin and destination surveys, traffic counts, accident rates, and other travel related information, economic activity centers, population characteristics and densities/ concentrations; land use distribution patterns and existing transportation facilities and systems. Preliminary goals and objectives that set policy and measurable standards of performance, including costeffectiveness, travel times, accident frequency and accessibility. J-25 Analysis of the existing system, identifying the condition, problems and opportunities associated with highways, roads, streets, rail, air and pedestrian and nonmotorized transportation. Determination and projection of travel demand for both the shortterm (3-5 years) and long-term (20 years) to identify the required levels of service which will act as standards for developing alternate systems for further review. If possible, apply a computerized model that will simulate travel characteristics including demand, route assignments and speed, which will define the various alternative systems to be analyzed. Analysis and evaluation of each alternative, using the levels of service standards identified in (4) above, and defined goals and objectives as the criteria for comparing and ranking alternatives. Selection of the alternative (or hybrid of alternatives), that best meets the applied standards and goals and objectives statements, as the preferred plan. 8. Describing the selected plan in adequate detail to make clear to the reader the specifics of the plan as it applies to each component of the County's transportation system. 9. Developing an implementation program that describes the elements of the plan, the activities to be -I I I I I ,1 I I I I I I I I I I I �I I I I I I I I I I I I • • • • and Development Corporation and the Convention and Visitors Bureau each target different segments of the economy, benefits will likely-be realized through continuing coordination between these two organizations. Maintaining a close working relationship between these two groups and the Saginaw Area Community Growth Alliance will also help leverage local economic benefits utilizing regionwide resources. undertaken, and the costs and sources of revenue for each activity. The resultant plan should then be used as a guide for both the County, State and the cities, townships and village in their developing and adopting capital improvement programs. Economic Development Economic development planning addresses three important aspects: (1) providing for the proper location of industrial and commercial development, (2) improving the agricultural economy of the County and (3) promoting higher wage levels. Currently, the State of Michigan is emphasizing revitalization and development of industrial and commercial activities on sites with existing infrastructure, rather than on new "greenfield" sites in rural areas. This program may not benefit Midland County directly. As noted in Table 30, there are only 22 industrial park lots that have not been sold or developed. This situation, combined with the need to increase the property tax base of the Bullock Creek, Coleman and Meridian Public School Districts, requires the creation of additional planned industrial parks. While new industrial parks should be located in these school districts, local small "start up" entrepreneurial businesses should also be encouraged in each school district. At the same time, local existing businesses (industrial and service) should be assisted in efforts to expand their operations. Many of these existing businesses are located in the County's industrial parks. Economic development on a county-wide scale requires coordination among jurisdictions and organizations within the County. The recent merger of the Midland County Growth Council and the Midland County Economic Development Corporation has been a positive move in that direction. This umbrella organization, the Midland County Economic Growth and Development Corporation, is oriented to economic needs throughout the County. This umbrella organization is comprised of the Small Business Center, Midland County Convention and Visitors Bureau and Economic Development Corporation of Midland County (338 Corp). The former functions of the Midland County Economic Development Corporation are now provided by the umbrella organization. At the same time, the Midland County Convention and Visitors Bureau is targeting conventions, special events and sightseeing markets to attract outside nonmanufacturing revenue into the County. While the Economic Growth Emphasis should be placed upon creating a positive entrepreneurial "environment" within each school district in the County to promote new business start-ups and business expansions. To achieve such an environment, a countywide entrepreneurial "support system" J-26 �~ with industrial development, the County should encourage and foster downtown commercial revitalization by emphasizing small entrepreneurial start-up efforts. should be established. A support system would allow small start-up businesses to access business and technical expertise, provide appropriate building space, offer associated educational opportunities, assist in business promotion and in general establish an atmosphere within the County that encourages and fosters individual initiative to begin new business ventures. At the same time, efforts should be made to work with existing businesses to max1m1ze their opportunities for expansion. Overall, a combination of support systems, including educational services, business incubator development, information networks (including identifying existing local strengths and weaknesses and access to the latest technologies and marketing techniques), local financing and government fiscal support are needed to successfully encourage individuals to enter into new entrepreneurial ventures. Another important component of local economic vitality is the commercial retail and service sector. Viable communities have active downtown business districts. That does not necessarily mean that downtowns must compete with outlying retail malls, but they should identify their particular "niche" within the community and complement the larger stores located in retail malls. Each municipality within Midland County (the cities of Midland and Coleman and the Village of Sanford) should identify its own market area and the types of businesses that could viably locate within its downtown area. In addition, to attract new businesses and new customers, each downtown should identify ways to improve its physical landscape through streetscape revitalization and building facade improvements. Both the cities of Coleman and Midland have started programs to improve their downtown business areas, and Midland has recently completed a downtown streetscape project. Businesses within each downtown area should coordinate advertising and promotion efforts, establish uniform business hours and emphasize customer service and ease of access (through off-street parking). As The effects of decreasing farm income and farm size on the County's economy warrants a concerted effort between the County agricultural stabilization and economic development organizations to promote improvement of the County's agricultural economy. A program focused on stabilizaiton of the local agricultural economy to offset the decline in crop values and farm income should be geared to promoting food production and processing ventures on a regional scale, combining the agricultural resources of the County and surrounding counties with the industrial food processing potentialities in Midland County. With the increase in retail and service jobs, economic development planning should focus on increasing wage levels in growth-oriented employment sectors to offset the effects on the economy due to an increase in lower wage level servicerelated jobs. Local economic development organizations should undertake a labor torce needs analysis J-27 i. ~ ~ I 'I I I I I I I I I �I 'I I I I I I I I I I I I ' ' '- operate. Such a management approach should be well thought out, rational, implementable, based upon reasonable scientific parameters, and reflect a consensus of opinion among the management participants. It should consist of an environmental resource management process that includes both public and private sector organizations. Those organizations should cooperatively develop a comprehensive environmental management plan and program designed to reasonably mitigate existing contamination and provide for the future protection and wise use of the County's natural resources. Current issues that should be addressed, and which are identified on pages C-11 through C-18, include: the proper use and disposal of hazardous materials; the decontamination of groundwater through protective and remedial actions pertaining to the eight activities identified as contributing to groundwater pollution as well as other sources not specifically identified in this Plan; the contamination of surface water (rivers and lakes) resulting from septic systems, agriculture and commercial and industrial land uses; nonpoint sources of water pollution (e.g., fertilizers, animal wastes, urban water runoff); air pollution from industrial (and automobile) sources; soil contamination identified in the Michigan Department Natural Resources list of environmental contamination sites (see Table 3, pages C-15 and C-16); noise and visual pollution from industrial processes; billboards/signs; and unregulated junk and used parts yards, truck traffic, and similar uses and activities. and develop strategies for promoting higher paying jobs in the County. The key to the maintenance and growth of the County's economy lies in its existing population and businesses. The County and its economic development agencies should work with local communities to target efforts at new business development and existing business expansion. At the same time, the public sector should work hand-inhand with private commercial businesses to create viable downtown business districts that complement commercial activities outside of central business areas. Environment The viability of Midland County as a place to live, work and play is, of course, dependent upon the state of the environment. As with any other geographic area, the County's natural environment is not perfect - that is, it is not free of contamination. Environmental contamination is the product of both human and natural processes. Because contamination is found to one degree or another within the natural order, it is unrealistic to expect or anticipate the complete elimination of pollution, or "zero tolerance" within Midland County. It is possible, however, to rationally address and remove a reasonable amount of contamination currently or previously created by human activity. To do so requires a management approach to environmental issues that can accomplish needed environmental decontamination and pollution prevention without needlessly or unduly impacting the way businesses and individuals The comprehensive environmental management plan should identify specific projects and time frames within which J-28 �abandoned CSX rail right-of-way) is also a "given" feature and identified on the Comprehensive Plan map. they should be completed, the responsible parties for implementing the project, the general cost, and the sources of funding, if possible. It should be a participatory plan, inviting input from a wide variety of sources. Finally, the plan should call for voluntary compliance for most activities and require mandatory decontamination and pollution prevention measures only when necessary. Voluntary compliance could include incentives identified within the plan in those situations where compliance may exceed State preemption standards. Third, public and institutional lands, consisting of park lands, natural conservation areas and other publicly owned lands, are also "given" areas that remain relatively constant. J-29 I Fifth, commercial and industrial land uses were designated using municipal and township master plans and land use location planning principles and standards as guidelines. Commercial and industrial land use designations outside of municipal boundaries are located to centrally serve surrounding residences, are on major thoroughfares for easy access and optimum exposure, and in areas where utility service is available. I I I I I Seventh, residential land uses (less than 1 acre) inside the utility service areas were designated. Areas designated as residential have been changed from the 1987 Comprehensive Plan. Those changes are described in more detail in the description of land use classifications below, Second. the County's new, nonmotorized transportation corridor (the ~ -I Sixth, prime agricultural lands, as well as lands as designated in P.A. 116, lying outside utility service areas were designated. These lands remain essentially the same as the 1987 Comprehensive Plan. First, the river corridors were designated. These are existing natural features and remain the same as depicted in the 1987 Comprehensive Plan map. ~ Fourth, utility service areas (the cities of Coleman and Midland, as well as the Midland Urban Growth Area and Midland County Water District No. 1) were designated as they currently exist. Future Land Use Patterns The culmination of the analysis of the various man-made and natural components of the County, combined with the issues, goals and policies defined in this report constitutes the Comprehensive Land Use Plan. Acreage figures of the land use areas as depicted on the Comprehensive Land Use Plan map are presented in Table 51. The Comprehensive Land Use Plan map is depicted on page J-34 and reflects the optimum Mure land use distribution patterns in the County and its various units of government. The map, as constructed in the 1987 Comprehensive Plan and reconstructed in this Plan, is based upon an overlay approach, adjusted for projected population, growth, planning principles and standards. That approach is defined below: -~ I I I I -, ·1 I �i II I 8 I I I -I • • • • • • • • comprise approximately 49,946 acres, or 14.8 percent of the County. Eigth, rural residential land uses (including one- to 10-acre home sites and "hobbyu farms) were designated. These areas have also been changed from the 1987 Comprehensive Plan. The river corridor designation applies to the major river systems within the County, including the Pine, Chippewa, Tittabawassee, Salt, Little Salt, Sturgeon and Kawkawlin rivers as well as Bullock Creek. These water bodies would be subject to an overlay zone that would require a vegetative "buffer" strip on either side that would limit the type and location of structures not compatible with the preservation of the rivers' natural environments. The river corridor will cover roughly 20,889 acres, or 6.2 percent of the County. Ninth, adjustments to the resultant Comprehensive Land Use Plan map were made based upon public meetings and comments. The following provides a description of the distribution of the various land use categories depicted in the Comprehensive Land Use Plan map. Agricultural areas, as indicated earlier, are essentially prime agricultural, P.A. 116 lands and small uhobby" farms, and are generally situated around the perimeter of the County. In total, agricultural lands will comprise approximately 116,873 acres or 34.6 percent of the County. Rural residential lands are predominant outside of the Midland Urban Growth Area (MUGA) and the areas serviced by the water distribution system in Midland County Water District No. 1. The rural residential designated areas are adjacent to or interspersed among agricultural and State forest lands and because of their relatively low density (1-10 acres) are compatible with agriculture and forest open space use. A number of sections in Jerome, Lincoln and Homer townships that were designated as residential in the 1987 Comprehensive Plan have been redesignated as rural residential. This is because those sections are located outside a reasonable distance (approximately 1/2 mile) from existing water distribution lines and are likely not to develop as more dense residential land use. Rural residential uses cover approximately 105,091 acres, or 31.1 percent of the County. Areas devoted to public land will remain generally the same as currently exists, with change in the use of some of those lands. For example, it has been proposed that the State forest land that comprises the Pine Haven Recreation Area be traded to the County and administered as a permanent natural conservation area. Other County recreation facilities will be further developed, such as the Sanford Lake County Park, Veterans Memorial County Park and Manitou County Park. The CSX Railroad right-of-way will be converted to an improved nonmotorized transportation corridor. Local township parks, particularly in Jasper, Ingersoll, Geneva, Edenville, Mt. Haley and Hope townships should be located and developed. In total, public lands will Areas designated as residential include single-family on one acre or less, duplex units, mobile home parks and multipleJ-30 �the City of Midland, along major thoroughfares with easy access. New industrial development is oriented primarily to entrepreneurial "start-up" businesses and ''targetedu industries (those for which proactive attraction or retention efforts should be focused because they best correspond to the County's existing economic strengths). family housing. Residential lands are located within the MUGA boundaries and generally within one-half mile from existing water distribution lines within Midland County Water District No. 1. These properties are generally located in a pattern surrounding the City of Midland, and in a northeasterly line parallel to U.S. 10, as well as within the City of Coleman. The densities allowed within areas designated as residential land use will most likely depend upon whether or not public water supply and/or sanitary sewers are available. Residential land uses account for 10.3 percent of the County's land, or 34,857 acres. As indicated earlier in this Plan report, additional or expanded industrial development should occur within the Bullock Creek, Coleman and Meridian public school districts. Such development is proposed along Gordonville Road east of Poseyville Road in Midland Township (in the Bullock Creek School District), west of the City of Coleman and near the U.S. 10 - M-18 interchange (in the Coleman School District) and adjacent to U.S. 10 and along Meridian Road in Lincoln Township (in the Meridian School District). Industrial activity is also proposed along Eastman Road in Larkin Township, north of the City of Midland. Other locations of planned light industrial, manufacturing and commercial parks could be situated off M-20 in Lee and Greendale townships and off M-18 in Warren, Jerome and Edenville townships in accordance with local master land use planning. The proposed distribution of industrial land uses within the County reflects both existing industrial activity, the future expansion of that activity and the placement of new concentrations of industrial land uses in easily accessible locations adjacent to population centers. In total, industrial lands will comprise approximately 8,483 acres, or 2.5 percent of the County. It should be noted that the primary criterion for designating areas as residential or rural residential is the availability of public utilities, particularly water and/or sewer. The existing and potential location of those facilities does not necessarily correlate with the projected residential acreage requirements identified in Table 46. Certain areas, for example Lee Township, are forecast to require a substantial population growth and accompanying residential acreage development. However, Lee Township is designated to develop as rural residential and agricultural because no utilities to serve standard residential development are scheduled. It would be in the best interest of the County to require that utility districts identify and evaluate projected population growth in various locations and determine if utilities should be provided to accommodate or direct that growth. Industrial land uses are distributed within the County, primarily adjacent to or within J-31 -I I I I I I I I I I I I I I �I -I II I I I I I I I ~ a recommendation as it pertains to local planning. That is, at the same time the Midland County Comprehensive Plan defines the direction of County agencies, with some degree of potential for implementation, it is intended to function primarily as a guide for future planning and development among local jurisdictions. Consequently, it provides information to local units of government about their own specific conditions a well as the condition of other units within the County. As a county-wide plan it also prescribes and promotes coordination among jurisdictions, ensuring that individual municipal and township plans complement, rather than conflict with, plans of adjoining jurisdictions. Guided by the proposals and programs contained in this Plan, local jurisdictions should be able to more efficiently provide for implementation within their own plans. County level agencies and organizations will be more directly impacted through the implementation measures contained in this Comprehensive Plan. Commercial land uses will generally reflect the existing distribution of those uses. Outside the cities of Midland and Coleman the majority of commercial land uses will be community commercial, oriented to serve the day-to-day shopping needs of local residents within a short driving distance. These community commercial land uses are located at intersections of major roads in locations most easily accessible to surrounding residents. Several townships, such as Jasper, that have relatively small populations, will not contain community commercial centers of any substantial size but will still sustain small individual "neighborhood" commercial establishments (which are not delineated on the Comprehensive Land Use Plan map). Community commercial development will be concentrated along Eastman Road in Larkin Township, to complement the new Midland Mall in that area. Commercial land uses cover approximately 1,829 acres, or 0.5 percent of the County. Planning Information, Coordination and Implementation Without accurate and useful information from which to make practical decisions, and without effective coordination among jurisdictions, local plans will likely not be efficiently implemented. To ensure that local plans and programs are coordinated, efficient, based upon accurate and useful data and contain realistic implementation programs, Midland County should establish an ongoing system of providing for and monitoring those planning components. Current state enabling legislation provides for county planning commission review of all local plans. The Midland County Comprehensive Plan encompasses a wide variety of topics and issues, some of which are the responsibility of the County and its various agencies, and others that are the legal or identified responsibility of local units of government, other taxing jurisdictions, or quasi-public and private institutions. Each level of government, within the County, for example, has the power to develop and implement a comprehensive plan and zoning ordinance. While these plans and ordinances are local in scope and can be implemented by each respective jurisdiction, the County Comprehensive Plan is, in effect, Implementation of the Midland County Comprehensive Plan will require the J-32 �Midland County Planning Commission should promote the implementation of the Plan. Strategies for implementing each of the planning elements of the Comprehensive Plan are described in the Implementation section of this report. Implementation of the Midland County Comprehensive Plan will require the cooperation and dedication of many organizations and units of government. In cooperation with the Midland County Board of Commissioners and Midland County Controller-Administrator, the TABLE 51 ACREAGE OF PLANNED LAND USES* Land Use Category Agricultural Acreage Percent of County Area 116,873 34.6 Commercial 1,829 0.5 Industrial 8,483 2.5 Public 49,946 14.8 Residential 34,857 10.3 105,091 31.1 20,889 6.2 337,968 100.0 Rural Residential River Corridor TOTAL *Based on calculation of land areas as depicted on the Comprehensive Land Use Plan Map (No. 17) SOURCE: Gove Associates Inc. J-33 '-I ·~ I I I I I I I I I I I I I �0 GLADWIN ~ LLJ z >z ::::, I0 (_) COMPREHENSIVE LA D USE PLAN MIDLAND COUNTY, MICHIGAN LEGEND >~ CD □ □ Ill ~ □ □ -- ~ AGRICULTURAL COMME RCIAL INDUSTRIAL PUBLIC RESIDENTIAL C <1 ACRE ) RU1'AL R::'.SIDENTIAL ( >1 -· RIVER ACRE> CORRIDOR NONMOTORIZED TRANSPORTATION >z :::, I- >z :::, I- 0 <..) 0 COMMUNITY A CORRIDOR COMMERCIAL REGIONAL COMMERCIAL (_) E :!: LLJ cl a: ~i LLJ ...J ~ ...J cl a: >- LLJ LLJ ti) ti) 0 <O: IJ) IL II) ti) ;:; ti) cl a: 0 6250 12500 25000 37500 ~ t---+--:'J~;t--"-t-...a~ +i:w..~ (/') / ITTABAI·! SAGINAW -'sEE RD COUNTY Gove Associates I:imco 1601 Portage Street Kalamazoo, Mich.i,.en '19001 r--.. .,-- d z �I I I I I I I I I I I • • • • •II -~ Implementation �I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I - IMPLEMENTATION Jurisdictions within the County vary according to the number and type of mechanisms adopted to regulate or manage development. These variations create a diversity in the overall character and timing of growth within the County. The Mure of the County rests upon the ability of its representatives, officials and residents to manage its resources. Those resources - economic, human and environmentaJ - interact to form the total living environment of Midland County. It is likely there would be no argument to the claim that the County would benefit by the efficient use of those resources. Management of the County's resources can be achieved by carrying out a strategic implementation program and administering growth management techniques. One of the more recent and increasingly popular methods of striving for that efficiency is through a concept called growth management. To identify the various growth management mechanisms existing among the various jurisdictions within the County, a survey form was distributed to all locaJ units of government, collected and the results tabulated. Table 52 depicts the results of that survey. The universe of growth management techniques potentially available to local units of government consists of ordinances, codes, regulations, and miscellaneous controls and guidance mechanisms, including master plans and land use plans. Growth Management Growth management can be generally defined as a tool or series of "tools" oriented to controlling the location, timing and indirectly the cost of new development within a given area. Within that definition, growth management approaches and techniques are diverse. They can consist of one specific technique, such as zoning or a set of techniques which, when combined together, form a comprehensive program for overseeing new development as well as maintaining and revitalizing existing development. The survey indicated that all local jurisdictions have adopted zoning ordinances, building codes and master plans or land use plans. These are, and have been, the basic "foundation blocks" of managing development within a community. Other types of control mechanisms are also "on the books" in fewer than onehalf the County's governmental units. These include junkyard, floodplain management, mobile home and subdivision control ordinances, as well as other ordinances and regulations. Most local governments, however, limit their growth management control programs to the three basic mechanisms described above. The County, as a unit of government, does not retain the option to control land use and development processes within its boundaries. These processes are regulated by individual townships, cities, and the village within the County through legally adopted controls such as zoning ordinances and building codes. K-1 �TABLE 52 GROWTH MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES ·11:: ~:; IB> ir . . . ·... :. T~~!P.•@iti] '){/ I d\ ORDINANCES Zoning Ordinance Dangerous Bulldlngs Ordinance • • • il•l rn • Anti-blight Ordinance • • Noise Control Ordinance Junkyard Ordinance ;•::.... ~ • • • • • • • • • • • • • Manufactured Home/Mobile Home Park Ord. • • N • • • • • • Li L D ·~ ·· b ;~JI'.l: i:§ll j!\J I:11:11: :L . NW,q:f ·s • • • • • • • o f k ~ : II. i f Lot Split Ordinance ~ A .·.·•::;: Floodplain Management Ordinance Land Access Ordinance •.•.•· • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Wetlands Protection Ordinance Groundwater Protection Ordinance Subdivision Control Ordinance CODES Building Code • • • • • • • • • Housing Code/Rental Code REGULATIONS Stormwater Mana!}ement Regulation Hazardous Material Regulation River/Stream Protection Regulation • Septic System Maintenance Regulations MISCELLANEOUS Wellhead Protection Program Special Use Permits Site Plan Review Planned Unit Development Standards Prime Farmland Protection Public lmerovement Performance Guarantees Master Plan/Land Use Plan • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Economic Development Techniques Ca1>ital Improvements Program Public Improvements Requirements • Indicates community adopted growth management technique SOURCE: Midland County Survey Questionnaire, June 1992 Iii • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • �I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I II - diligently, would remediate existing problems and prevent others from occurring. However, the human and financial resources are not available to ensure appropriate enforcement. In some instances it may be more effective for two or more jurisdictions to combine resources to retain and upgrade enforcement. The City of Midland has adopted the greatest number of techniques, followed by Lee Township, then Midland Township, the City of Coleman, Jerome, and Homer townships. In general, beyond zoning ordinances, building codes and community plans, there appears to be a substantial variation among jurisdictions relative to adoption of growth management mechanisms. The ordinances, regulations, codes and techniques identified in Table 52 are currently authorized under state enabling legislation. Therefore, all could potentially be adopted or administered by each unit of government. Implementation Program Table 54 identifies the implementation program called for in this Plan. This table is formatted to provide a comprehensive overview of the important elements of the program, within a strategic framework. The policies and strategies defined in the section titled "Goals, Policies and Strategies for the Futureu are again listed in the first column, along with more detailed action statements corresponding to a particular strategy. The next three columns contain letters or numbers that correspond to the key on page K-32. The second column identifies the specific organization(s), institution(s) or individual(s) assigned the responsibility for carrying out the specific strategy and associated actions. The third column describes the year(s) within which the particular action is to occur or be completed. The last column refers to the source(s) of funding the particular action. By referring to this table, those responsible for overseeing and implementing this Plan will be able to understand their particular assignments, as well as the responsibilities of other participants, and follow through on them within the identified time frame. This format not only establishes direction for implementing the plan, but also provides a mechanism for monitoring the progress of implementation activities. If a Even though each jurisdiction has its own zoning ordinance, the survey also indicates there are a number of provisions that should be incorporated into each ordinance text, but are not included (see Table 53). These jurisdictions would benefit by including these provisions to promote effective development and control conversion of prime farmlands. These techniques, and others that are more sophisticated (and which are currently not authorized under existing state enabling legislation but which may be allowed in the Mure) can collectively ensure that growth and development, as well as preservation of resources, will occur in accordance with a welldeveloped and rational process. However, regulations and ordinances have a price. They require diligent enforcement to be effective. That in turn requires appropriate staff and funding. Often, local governmental units have adopted ordinances, codes and regulations that, if enforced properly and K-3 �action. It is intended to follow a rational process to achieve desired ends. However, since unforeseen circumstances can alter the Plan's desirable objectives, this schedule is also intended to be as flexible as necessary to ensure the Plan is referred to and useable. particular action is not successfully undertaken by the recommended time frame, those involved should meet to identify alternative policies or actions to achieve the desired objective. This implementation program is essentially designed to be a guide for ~ TABLE 53 SURVEY OF CITY, TOWNSHIP AND VILLAGE ZONING Coleman City Yea Yes No No No Edenville Township Yea Yes Yea No No Geneva Township Yea No No No Yes Greendale Township Yea Yes No No No Homer Township Yes Yes No No No Hope Township Yea Yes No No No Ingersoll Township Yes No No No No Jasper Township Yea No No No Yes Jerome Township Yes No No No No Larkin Township No No No No No Lee Township Yes Yes No No No Lincoln Township Yes No No No No Midland City Yes Yes Yes No No Midland Township Yes Yes No No No MIiis Township Yes No No No No Mt. Haley Township No Yes No No No Porter Township Yes Yes No No No Sanford Village Yes No No No No Warren Township Yea Yes No No No SOURCE: Midland County Survey Questionnaire, June 1992 K-4 • • • • • • • • • • -•, l �,.. .... .. ... .. - - -- - ---------- TABLE 54 IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM ·:•:·:;::;t\=:- ::;=--:•.- '· \,/ IMPLEMENTiNG :BODIES . AND PARTICIPANT$ . .. POLICIES/STRATEGIES/ACTIONS •;: •i., :-· ; :: P~LE ': \ ·.•: SOURCE LAND USE 1. RANDOM DEVELOPMENT G A Identify areas potentially unsuitable for on-site wastewater disposable. 2. :;:J\ 1. Utilize the County Soils Survey to map general areas where development requiring on-site wastewater disposal should be prohibited. Incorporate that Information Into the land UM plan map. G,P 1,2 A,E 2. Encourage local units of government to amend their comprehensive plan maps to reflect areas that should not be developed In higher density uses. G,P 1,2 A,E 3. Encourage local units to zone their Jurisdictions in accordance with their land use plans. G,P 2,3-5 A,E FLOODPLAIN DEVELOPMENT p A. Promote applications for the National Flood Insurance program among developed properties within USGS recognized flood-prone areas. I 01 1. Make applications to FEMA for National Flood Insurance . p 1,2 A 2. Contact property owners not currently enrolled In the Flood Insurance Program and encourage them to enroll. F,J,P 2,3-5 A,E F,J,P 1,2 A,E F,J,P 1,2 A,E 1,2 A,E B. Adopt floodplain regulations and ordinances consistent with FEMA standards. 1. Inventory locations in the County that are within the 100-year floodplain of any water body, utlllzlng the recently completed River Protection Plan. 2. Encourage local townships that contain 100-year floodplain areas to adopt the model zoning language In the River Protection Plan and modify standards as necessary to meet FEMA requirements. 3. PRIME FARMLAND PRESERVATION p A Distribute appropriate data relative to farmland preservation to local units, including USDAJSCS maps Identifying prime agricultural land. 1. ~ Put a program together to Inform and educate townships about Identifying and preserving prime agricultural lands. Include data cited in this plan and other data sources, and provide larger acale maps of each township with overlays Indicating existing land uses on those soils. M,P FUNDING �,., ·•· •· lM:iMJlm~?.~l~~i:Jiil·: : 1:1!:!• 1 •:·•~f~ ~•1•· ·•:• •=,• · B. Conduct workshops on preserving agricultural land. 1. Combine data Identified above with description of relevant legislation and planning and zoning standards as part of a workshop agenda. M,P 2 A,E 2. Present the workshop to each township on-site at township hall. M,P 2 A,E M,P 2,3-5,6-10, 11-15,16-20 A,ED W,M,S 1,2,3-5 A,E W,M,J,S 1,2,3-5 A,E W,J,M,P 2,3-5 A,E C. Promote h:t. 116 Farmland Preservation and report on model/sample preservation techniques. 1. Incorporate Into workshop format and continue to update to Inform townships of the most recent farmland preservation legislation and techniques through periodic communication to local Plannlng Commissions. 4. SOIL EROSION M A. Prepare and distribute to landowners Information about erosion problems and erosion control methods and Increase the level of field assistance to landowners. ~ 1. Collect current ASCS, Cooperative Extension, Farm Bureau and other agency data and Information pertaining to soil erosion; coordinate collected Information Into a presentation packet and distribute the packet to large acreage landowners through the mall. I B. Develop/expand programs whereby landowners using erosion control practices are given public/media recognition. 1. Develop a monitoring program through ASCS and the County Planning Commission whereby landowners that have utilized erosion control measures are Identified and awarded a certificate of recognition and/or other award and are Identified In local print and radio/TV media. C. Prepare model standards for codes and ordinances addressing soil erosion and encourage local units of government to Incorporate erosion control standards In local development regulations. 1. Research existing erosion control ordinances and review literature on soil erosion practices and techniques; develop a model language that can be Incorporated Into local zoning ordinances and that reflects state-of-the-art techniques. Disseminate model to townships and encourage them to Incorporate into their ordinances. JIii . . JIii ... ..11111 ... JII JII .. .... __.. ~ �.. .. .. l la ,.. :-: :;;_': .... .. -- ----·.·· -::-•· :•·· ._/._ .:,::}::::,/:}:,\.' .. · POLICIES/STRATEGIES/ACTIONS : ·:::,: ••:::-·•: -·-:,:- ·- . :·:? :-:• ··;::;: IM~L~r:~~?p:~~ES - '. :,.: SCHEPtJU: : ,. (Y~) : ·':': :- ~~~~ D. Develop economic incentives to promote so11 erosion control. 1. Establish an ad-hoc panel of county and township officials to review and discuss options for providing economic relief or reward to lndlvlduals or businesses who follow appropriate aoil erosion control practices. Develop a legally Implementable process for adopting and administering auch Incentives. Encourage each jurisdiction 0ocal governmental unit) to adopt such Incentives. W,M,P 2,3-5 A,E D,B,L 1 A O,K,J,P 1,2 A O,K,J,P 1,2 A O,K,J,P 1,2 A 1,2,3-5 A E. Ensure that the provisions of the Soll Erosion and Sedimentation Control Act are being enforced and Increase the level of on-site field assistance to landowners. 1. Acquire additional funding for County Road Commission staff to devote more time to advisory and enforcement activities for soil erosion mltlgatlon/elimlnation In new development. 5. LAND ACCESS, SUBDMSION AND LOT SPLIT CONTROLS K A. Collect and review lot split, land access and subdivision control regulations and procedures used by each local unit of government. ~ ~ 1. Access lot splits and subdivision maps from the County Equalization Department and Identify parcels with Inefficient or nonexistent land access. Collect ordinances/regulations from each jurisdiction to determine overall characteristics and effectiveness of regulations. B. Develop a ' model" set of regulations for use by local governmental units. 1. Research 'state-0f-the-art• lot split, land access and subdivision control regulations and combine with Information collected above to develop model ordinance/regulations for use by local jurisdiction and distribute to jurisdictions for review. C. Encourage local units to adopt model regulations and provide technical assistance as needed as well as periodic review. 1. Present formal "model" as recommendation and encourage local units to adopt. Continue to encourage adoption until all units have formal land access/subdivlslonflot split regulations In conjunction with, or similar to, the model presented . Provide ongoing technical assistance through the County Planning Commission Including annual monitoring of application of regulations to Identify problem areas. Develop recommended solutions and present to local units of government. 6. SMALL WATERSHED PLANNING M A. Define the boundaries of small watersheds. 1. Establish a surveying and mapping program that will define the criteria for identifying small watershed boundaries and undertake survey over time to accurately map boundaries. M - ---' .:::- �:~~~~i,~~~~,,~1:1:1::t::: : : 1 : 1:1:1:1 ; 5, : 1: : 1: 1 : 1:';:1 : 1 : 1 : :1~~a~::1: t.: : B. Encourage local governments to form a consortium to inventory and study small watersheds and recommend remedial or protective concerns. 1. Contact local Planning Commissions to explain concept and solicit interest; establish an O,J,M,P 1,2,3-5 A 1,2,3-5 IA organizational meeting to initiate consortium; conduct a mapping and on-site Inventory of small watersheds, using appropriate guidelines, including the 'Midland County River Corridor Study" and "Midland County Alver Protection Plan . ■ 2. Draft a work paper on recommended remedies and protective actions to be distributed to local units for review and comment; develop and distribute final draft to local governmental units; encourage implementation of recommended actions through periodic review of progress by I O,J,M,P I consortium members and the County Planning Commission. C. Notify governmental units of public/private funds avaliabie for protective remediation and enhancement of small watersheds and subdralnage basins. 1. Keep abreast of current technologies and practices in small watershed planning and Identify grant programs and funding sources that may be utilized for implementing remedial and protective 1' 00 II I O,J,M,P 11,2,3-5,6-10 11-15,16-20 IA actions. 7. GROWTH MANAGEMENT I J A. Prepare a report on necessary and desired growth management techniques for implementing comprehensive development plans. 1. Utilize results of growth management survey conducted as part of this plan to develop a paper on the status of growth management among local jurisdictions and distribute to those jurisdictions for O,J,P 1,2 A O,J,P 2,3-5 A O,J,l,P 2,3-5 A,E,J review. B. Formulate model codes, standards, regulations and ordinances oriented toward growth management and distribute to local jurisdictions for revising and adoption. 1. Include the results of the status paper in a model set of growth management codes, ordinances, standards and regulations and distribute to each jurisdiction. Recommend specific techniques for adoption by specific Jurisdictions; follow through with technical assistance as requested and monitoring program to identify strengths and weaknesses of each applied technique; conduct seminars on administering recommended techniques. 8. STREAM SYSTEM USE A. Prepare/update municipal plans in accordance with model County Alver Protection Plan. 1. Request each Township, City and Village Planning Commission to review model Alver Protection Pian and determine best way to incorporate model into jurisdiction's existing comprehensive or land use plan. �1111 11111 1111 WI _. .. - .. .. - .. .. - ... - - - - "' POLICIES/STRATEGIES/ACTIONS :/(,:,:. ..: ·::==Ji!i:!!! ::::f.·.·... .....•· . ·.·.·.· ··'"'' FUNDING ~~y:'.;x,· ·•·•·•··.e:: • ·: SOURCE IMPLEMENTING QOOIES:;,: AND PARTiCtPANTS :·· B. Prepare/update munlclpal zoning ordinance and maps In accordance with the municipal River Protection Master Plans and model County River Protection Overlay Zone regulations. 1. Based upon updated master plans Incorporating river p(otectlon programs, recommend model zoning changes that can be Incorporated Into the existing ordinance of local Jurladlctlon. Assist, u O,J,l,P 2,3-5 A,E,J D,B,J,l,G,K,M,C,U,T,P 1,2 A necessary, each Jurladlction In adopting the model ordinance to the specific needs and characteristics of that jurisdiction. COMMUNITY FACILITIES 9. CONSOLIDATION/COORDINATION OF PUBLIC SERVICES B A. Promote the possibilities of coordination/consolidation at the County and local levels. 1. ~ co Establish a "blue ribbon" panel of County Department Heads, County Board representatives, a representative from each Jurisdiction (local govt., special assessment districts, school districts and utility districts) to meet and discuss the possibilities and potentials of coordination among entitles. B. Investigate the privatization of some services. 1. Based upon the results of the Initial meeting, publish a work paper Identifying a recommended administrative and coordinating structure to oversee the analysis, evaluation and recommendations relative to a consolidation/coordination effort. D,B 1 A 2. Proceed to study In detail existing conditions and Identify specific options for Improving the costeffectiveness of the delivery of services at all levels of the County, concentrating on consolidation, coordination and privatization. D,B,J,l,G,K,M,C,U,T,P 1,2,3-5 A 3. Develop and publish a draft report of findings to all Impacted jurisdictions and agencies In the County for review and comment. D,B 3-5 A D,B, 3-5 A D,B 3,6-10, 11-15, 16-20 A 4. Revise the study as necessary and submit to local jurisdictions and the County Board of Commissioners for adoption by each unit. 5. Establish a "coordinating council" to oversee implementation of study recommendations. �·• • : ,Mij~1.im1tmf!~~:1:1• 1::• i• 111i:i li:11:a ~ :!1• :• 1·11•1 1• •:• •1• 1:•1: ~ it•• · N 10. SOLID WASTE RESOURCE RECOVERY AND DISPOSAL A. Encourage creation/expansion of the recycling market. 1. Draft and solicit a resolution to be adopted by local units of government encouraging appropriate atate and federal leglalatlon to promote aource separation, recycling and packaging practices. I N,B,P 1,2 A 2. Promote, and work with, local entrepreneurs Involved In "start-up' businesses to use recyclable materials as raw material for new products. Assist such businesses with technical assistance programs, Industrial tax abatements and providing a clearing house for applicable federal and state grant program Information. I N,B,E,S 1,2,3-5,6-10, 11-15,16-20 A,D,E,I B. Budget for ongoing coordination of solid waste management planning. 1. Establish a meeting among local Jurisdictions to discuss potential for COOl'dlnatlng existing aolid waste management activities and the establishment of a Countywide Solid Waste Management Authority to coordinate aolid waste management programs. N,B,P A A,C,E 2. Explore the various funding options available to finance Implementation of the County's Solid Waste Management Plan. N,D,B,P 3. Develop a 1-year and 5-year Capital Improvement Program for solid waste management, Including coordination/consolidation of existing programs and establish a budget accordingly. N,D,B,P A,2,3-5,6-10 11-15, 16-20 A N,B,P 1,2 A 1' .,j. 0 4. Establish a Solid Waste Management Authority with the commission to administer solid waste coordination operations within the County. C. Budget for professional management consulting services and advice on managing the Implementation of the Plan. 1. Coordinate a meeting between County, City of Midland and Townships officials to discuss shared funding of a management consultant. 2. Establish a budget and description of responsibilities. 3. Develop a Request for Proposals and solicit proposals from qualified ~mpanles. 4. Select consultant and begin programs; ensure consultant Is answerable to an Identified body/individual (on a regular basis). I N,P N,P N,P N,P • ' • ' • \ • ' • ' a 1a , a ' • ' • ' • ' • ' • ' I 1 IA I 1,3-5 IA I: 1: �..,~ ...... ... WIil ... 1111111] i.11 --------·•:· !~i¥p~[if!~l·• :, t••: •: •: 1:•!:t• 1·1~~:: •:i:!l• :·• ,. , ,.:• ;:}:I• •t~~~i·•:• • ·:, ':,: POLICIES/STRATEGIES/ACTIONS : D. Work to implement program and schedule contained In the Solid Waste Management Plan. 1. Review implementation schedule In adopted Solid Waste Management Plan and develop a corresponding detailed work program for each program/project identified In the Implementation program. N,P 1,2 A 2. N,P 1,2 A Establish/utilize organizations Identified In the Implementation schedule in the Plan. E. Establish public education programs and promote public awareness of Immediate need to select solid waste recovery and disposal facility proce88 and proceed with Implementation of designed facility (and) provide method of funding . 1. Utilize the County Solid Waste Management Plan and develop an updated Information base describing the existing status of solid waste disposal facilities In the County and the future capacity of the County to dispose of wutes. I N 2 A.E 2. Distribute information to local units, organizations and the private sector, describing the condition and capacity of existing facilities in the County and the likely impacts of future demand. I N,P,S 2 A.E 3. Follow the implementation program In the County Solid Waste Management Plan Update, Including establishment of the recommended organizational atructure(s) and pursue funding sources as appropriate, Including local private and public Investment. I N,B,P,S 1,2,3-5 A,E,J A I ...,I. ...,I. 11. INTERGOVERNMENTAL PLANNING OF UTILITIES B A. Assess county-wide water distribution and sanitary sewerage needs In an area-wide plan with recommendations; prepare an area-wide water and sewer plan dealing with needs for Improvements, financing and responsibilities and coordinate with local land use plans. 1. Using the County Comprehensive Land Use Plan and projected housing unit growth as a guide, Identify townships expected to experience a numerical growth above a defined number of households. Analyze all townships In detail to Identify the location of existing residential, commercial and industrial activities In each township. Establish a specified residential density as a "benchmark" and Identify those areas that currently exceed that density. Develop a composite or "overlay" map combining the results of both maps to Identify high growth townships and specific higher density locations In the County. Outline utility service areas that reflect existing high density areas and areas most likely to develop within fast growing townships. I B,J,P,O 1,2,3-5 A.C,E,J 2. Present the results to officials In affected townships for review and discussion. Work with township officials to identify, establish and implement a sewer and water development/Improvement program in a controlled , efficient phased process consistent with planned development. I B,J,P,O 2 A,C,E,J �-------------- 'if•1jl~-~ili~i _ _ 1::m;~~:: 1 :::::•· ''''='\(i~IJB.CE; T 12. SCHOOL DISTRICT COOPERATION A. Explore the creation of an "umbrella" oversight committee to undertake a study of possibilities of coordination/cooperation among school districts and guide the process. 1. Contact administrators of all school districts within the County and establish a meeting to discuss common Issues, concerns and possibilities that could be mutually addressed and Identify the potential for forming a committee of representatives from each district to formulate plans and programs for Increased coordination. 2. Assist the committee in obtaining data, general Information, and public input in the program. T 1,2 A,J I T I 1,2 I A.J I T I 1,2,3-5 I A.J B. Prepare a strategic plan outlining how facilities, resources and programs could be shared effectively. 1. 2. ;;,;: I ..... II Form a strategic planning program/process that Includes focus groups developing solutions and specific activities for particular Issues, with coordination/cooperation/efficiency as the underlying theme. Publish the results of the strategic plan (recommendations/specific activities) and distribute to all households in the County via IChool district newsletters. IT I 3-s I A.J I 3-5 I A.J C. Evaluate foundation funding for the Plan, as well as implementation. I\) 1. Continue to monitor progress of assigned activities identified in the Plan and assist districts In obtaining funding for cooperative programs as identified In the strategic plan. T D,B 13. COUNTY FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT A. Solicit short-range and long-range budgetary needs from various County departments and agencies. 1. Recommend a budgeting technique to be adopted by the County Board that represents an efficient approach to validating current programs (such as zero based budgeting) . 2. Solicit surveys of all County departments and agencies under County Board of Commissioners' control requesting Identification of effectiveness of the previous year's expenditures of each department and short-range and long-range goals, programs and expenditures proposed for the department over the next 1-year and 5-years. 3. Develop long-range forecast of revenues and expenditures. .. I D,B I 1 IA I D,B I 1 IA I D,B I 2 IA JII . . . . . . . . . . _.._ . . �... .. - WI WI WI 11111 11111 .. ... .. - - - -1 - - -- IM:~ili~?t~~~ r 1~~ r\:,_; I:,: : : t~~~~ > :I::::::i: = B. Provide for review and Input of the proposed departmental capital budgets by the County Planning Commission. 1. Develop a synopsls/overvlew of adopted County plans and present to the County Planning Commission along with the goals, programs and expenditures proposed by each departmentjagency. Assist the Planning Commission In reviewing and analyzing proposals relative to plans and adjusting department goals and programs to conform to/coordinate with overall plan recommendations. I 0,8,J 1,2 A 0,8,J 2 A 0,8,J 1,2 A C. Develop and adopt a county-wide short-range and long-range Ananclal Management Plan/Capital Improvements Program and Incorporate the plan Into the County annual budgeting process. 1. Submit any revised programs back to departments/agencies for review and comment. Incorporate the results Into a draft management plan for presentation to the County Board of Commissioners for review and adoption. 0 . Annually review and amend the County Financial Management Plan/Capital Improvements Program. 1. Submit any revised programs back to departments/agencies for review and comment. Incorporate the results Into a draft management plan for presentation to the County Board of Commlsslonera for review and adoption. ~ ~ w 14. SOCIAL SERVICES PLANNING A. u Inventory and analyze the efficiency of existing social service providers and programs. 1. Appoint a County standing committee to evaluate social service providers and programs. u 2. Undertake an Inventory of the existing programs, their Impacts and operations, provided by state and local social service related agencies. u 1,2 A,J 3. Establish a list of standards by which to evaluate and measure programs. u 1,2 A,J 4. Conduct evaluation and provide results to County and service providers. u 2 A.J A �•:•,•· 'Mi'-'/iNJit ffit,~~::•: i• ,,j: :i !\i\i:•: :i:i~ ~, • i !\i :•;: :• 1·•·:; :; ;: •i!iftii~-• • ·•· •·•., ·. -: {' ::~[ldi~s)STRATEGIES/ACTIONS :r::'x;::: : :; ; ;:; t\ 8 . Establish consortium of service providers to forecast and evaluate future social service needs. u 1. Contact all service providers to Identify interest in forming consortium. 2. u If interest Is shown, invite all providers to organization meeting. A,J 1,3-5 u 3. Have providers forecast social service needs and evaluate and rank results aocordlng to A,J A,J Importance. C. Develop and adopt a aociai services delivery plan to reflect projected demands and available resources. u 2 A,J 2. Include recommendations for financing proposed programs. u 2 A,J 3. Present study to providers and County Planning Commission for review and comment. J ,U 2 A,J 4. Present results of study to County Board of Commissioners for adoption. B,U 2 A,J COUNTY HOUSING J 1. ... ~ 15. Use results of forecast and evaluation as basis for formulating a service dellvery plan that will improve existing programs and recommend additional programs as neceaaary. PLAN .I:,. A. Reassess housing needs data on a 5-year basis via a County-wide Housing Needs Analysis. 1. Meet with housing providers/social service agencies. I 2. Establish a general scope of work for undertaking a housing needs analysis and useaament. I J,C A,J 3. Promote/obtain financing to fund the assessment; retain outside consultant or perform assessment I D,B,J,C A,D,E,H,J I J,C J,C,U A In-house. 4. Work closely with organization/Individual conducting assessment to ensure accurate and 1,2 comprehensive Information. . . _.... _.. Mil . . .. _.. �-,a, -.., '11.11 WI ~ ~ WII la 1111111 .. .. - - - _, - - - IM~~p~~?~~es,, POLICIES/STRATEGIES/ACTIONS l:!tr/ ~~~ -· 1 ::,~ ~ :- B. Evaluate methodologies and programs to Increase owner-occupied units In the County. 1. Research successful projects from other communities that have Increased owner-occupancy. J,C I 1 IA J,C I 2 IA 3. Assess research Information relative to meeting the requirements and standards establllhed above. J,C I 2 IA 4. Identify and further study those program options that best meet the requirements and standards. J,C I 3-5 IA 5. Adopt the option for inclusion in a county-wide housing plan. J,C I 3-5 IA 2. Establish goals, policies and evaluation standards for application to Midland County. C. Prepare County-wide Housing Plan which identifies measures for Implementation. ~ I ~ 01 II II 1. Obtain funding to develop plan. D,B,J,C 2. Work with selected outside consultant or in-house staff to complete plan, Including Implementation measures. J,C I I A,O,E,H,J A,D,E,H,J :.3-5 D. Explore the establishment of a vehicle for implementation of the Housing Plan, such as a nonprofit Housing Corporation. 1. Review nonprofit housing providers in other communities to Identify and evaluate structure and programs that may be applied In Midland County. 2. Research other, more current innovative organizational structures that may be utilized and evaluate according to objective criteria and standards. 3. Select structures and programs that will likely provide the most benefit and which can realistically be Implemented. 4. Engage in the formation of the selected organization(s) . I I I I J,C I J,C 11,3-5 J,C B,J,C I I 1 1 2 I I I I A,D,H,J A,D,H,J A,D,H,J A,J E. Consider forming a City-County housing trust fund to finance housing. 1. Develop proposal outline for the organization and operation of a Trust Fund. D,B,J,C 1 A,J 2. Meet with City and County officials and social services providers to discuss Interest and potential. J,C,P,U 1 A,J 3. If a Trust Fund is considered viable, develop a draft plan for organizing, financing and operating the Trust Fund. D,J,C 2 A,J 4. Procure funding (grants, fund-raising campaign, etc.) and implement plan. D,J,C I 1,2,3-5,6-10, 11-15,16-20 I A,O,H,J �@m-,~e.~l~li~jj: 1:\i:1:1:1 .11:1:1 1i : :lil\:! !:(••-1••:•••:::;:•:•:•~i~1••:• •:i·•:·•·•· • :• • 1 F. Formulate model codes for local units to use to maintain and Improve the County's housing stock. 1. Review and assess existing housing related codes that have been adopted by local units of J,C A,D,H,J J,C,P A,D,H,J 3. Evaluate codes and regulations In accordance with specified objectives. J,C,P A,D,H,J 4. Develop model codes and recommend to each unit of government within the County for adoption (u la or with modification). J,C,P government within the County. 2. Research applicable codes utilized In other communities. 16. NORTH-SOUTH CIRCULATION A. ~ ..... 0) 2 A,D,H,J L Prepare a report on analysis of problems with recommended solutions. 1. Initiate a study to Inventory existing conditions and potential problems. L A,K 2. Develop goals for achieving optimum north-south circulation and establish standards for evaluating/ meeting those goals. L A,K 3. Identify programs/solutions and evaluate relative to established standards. L 2 A,K B. Include County transportation needs In the County Road Commission's Capital Improvement Program. 1. Incorporate the results of the above report Into a specific series of Implementation measures. I L 2 I A,K 2. Develop cost estimates and identify revenue sources for each Implementation measure or project. I L 2 I A,K 3. Identify phasing of specific projects. I L 3-5 I A,K I L 3-5,6-10, 11-15, 16-20 I A,K L 1,2,3-5,6-10, 11-15, 16-20 4. Incorporate all of the above components Into a Capital Improvement Program and promote through adoption process. C. Budget annual capital expenditures with CIP. 1. Budget annual capital expenditures with CIP. A,K J,L,P,R 17. ACCESS MANAGEMENT/CORRIDOR DEVELOPMENT A. Organize a joint Steering Committee for the process. 1. Develop outline of proposed policy and send letters to appropriate agencies and communities requesting participation. J,L,P,R A,K 2. Hold meetings to discuss proposed program and organizational structure. J,L,P,R A,K - 1 -! ~ I _.., 1 _..111111 _..., _..1111 ---- ~ ! ....,1111 �W -wit -.._. WI 1111 11111 ·. . ·.;:-::; 1a .,_ WII :;::-; -; .... .. -- - :·_·-:-:. POLICIES/STRATEGIES/ACTIONS ... .... - - - I·•· IMPLEMENT!~ BOQI~$ AND PARTICIPANT$ . 1111111' .. ' SCHEDULE . . • FUNDING · • .... SOURCE : ' (Y~) / B. Seek funding for Committee. 1. Review financing/funding sources. A,K D,B,J,L,P,R 2. Apply for appropriate funding program/resources. D,B,J,L,P,R A,K,J 2 C. Prepare report on M-20 corridor land use and traffic service for the State, County Road Commission and municipalities. 1. Assign responsibility among committee members to draft report. I J,L,P,R I 1 I A,K 2. Contract with professional consultant to conduct study. I J,L,P,R I 1 I A,K J,L,P,R I 1 I A,K 4. Develop recommendations and adopt study report. J,L,P,R I 2 I A,K 5. J,L,P,R I 2 I A,K J,L,P,R I 2 I A,K 3. Conduct data collection and analysis. Present report to all units of government along corridor. 6. Assign organization and personnel to Implement plan. ~ ..... ......, D. Prepare a report on Saginaw Road corridor land use and traffic service for the State, County Road Commission and municipalities. 1. Prepare report on Saginaw Road corridor land use and traffic service for the State, County Road Commission and municipalities; Incorporating the study procedure and criteria as recommended for the M-20 corridor. 18. AREA-WIDE COMPREHENSIVE TRANSPORTATION PLANNING A,K 2,3-5 J,L,P,R J,L,P,R A. Incorporate north-south circulation and bicycle and pedestrian trafficway pollcles Including public transit, rail and airport planning needs, Into the area-wide comprehensive transportation planning process. 1. Inventory existing transportation facilities and analyze existing conditions and life expectancies of existing components. 2. Apply population and land use projections to Identify system demand. ~ I J,L,P,R I J,L,P,R I 1,2 I: I A,K,E,J I A,K,E,J 3. Develop a system 'model" that distributes traffic among different modea and Identify optimum system capacities. J,L,P,R 4. Develop recommended Improvements/expansions to accommodate projected optimum system. J,L,P,R 3-5 A,K,E,J 5. Establish goals and policies to Implement recommendations. J,L.P,R 3-5 A,K,E,J A,K,E,J �1,::;:,(' :::::: ::f•· I": \:.: ) A.JNDING : •·•. IMPLEMEJJtiNQ~IE.., · ANo PAITT1c1p~s:Jh,: IL<tl~IXJLE ?''"'=':> tvi=Mf ::, · •·,:· ., , ,··souRCe :·'.:::: POLICIES/STRA.TEGIES/ACTIClNS B. Formulate Alea-wide Transportation Steering Committee 1. Establish list of recommended professionals and representatives who would best contribute to developing a comprehensive transportation plan. I 1 I A.K.E,J J,L,P,R I 1 I A,K,J,E,J, J,L,P,R I 1 I A,K,E,J J,L,P,R I 2. Contact persons on list to determine Interest and seek funding for planning. 3. I Conduct organizational meeting, Including establishing project goals and procedures. C. Prepare a report on analysis of street and highway needs data. 1. Conduct Inventory of all existing systems and modes within the County. J,I,L,P,R A,K,E,J 2. Based upon population and land use projections, as well as existing deficiencies, ldsntlfy future transportation system nHda. J,l,L,P,R 1,2 A,K,E,J 3. Prepare and distribute report on transportation needs. J,L,P,R 1,2 A,K,E,J J,L,P,R 2,3-5 A,K,E,J D. Prepare an area-wide traffic analysis Including traffic generation data, origin and destination study and traffic flow assignments. ~ 1. Identify traffic zones throughout the County and conduct origin/destination surveys of automobile and commercial/industrial traffic at Identified survey points. ~ CX> E. 2. Analyze land uses within the County by zone and apply standard rates for traffic generation to each type of land use; apply thoae rates to the volume of land uses In each zone to determine total trip generation rates In each zone. I J,L,P,R 2,3-5 A,K,E,J 3. Utilize existing computerized traffic assignment programs; assign traffic volumes along specified routes to Identify capacities and demands; utilize same program for projected volumes baaed upon future land use and population scenarios. I J,L,P,R 2,3-5 A.K.E,J 1. .Access existing data on bridges In County. L,P,R 1 A 2. Conduct a structural Inspection on any bridge In the County that has not been Inspected within the past three years. L,P,R 1,2 A,K,E,J 3. Prepare reports on the condition and recommended maintenance and/or upgrading of each Inspected bridge. L,P,R 2,3-5 A,K,E,J 4. Establish annual Inspection program. L,P,R 1,2,3-5,6-10, 11-15, 16-20 A,K,E,J Prepare a report on critical bridges and historical data on bridges. . ,•• JII> . , Jlf Jilt . . . . ~ 1 J/11/1 �.. _WI_.WI W. .... .. -- - -- - - - - -- <•'MPµ:,;,~Nii'~ij§ tl••::::tI•i.i]tit·l.::tu:wHo.t~<3 ,cc ?'ANO PARTIC!P~l?'? ' f •:::: ? (YJ:AR) ·••• I :\? $9llRCE·• ' Prepare long-range transportation plan report for all transportation modes. F. 1. Conduct an Inventory and analysis of nonmotorized transportation systems In the County and develop a plan according to the Bicycle and Pedestrian Trafflcwaya recommendations below. 2. A,K,E,J J,l,L,P,R Incorporate the Bicycle and Pedestrian Trafficways into the studies and reports described above to formulate a comprehensive transportation plan. J,l,L,P,R 2 A,K,E,J G. Prepare report on a short-range capital Improvements program. 1. Develop specific strategies and projects to Implement the programs Identified In the comprehensive transportation program over the next five years. I J,L,P,R 1,2,3-5 A,K,E,J 2. Identify associated costs and revenue sources for each project. I J,L,P,R 1,3-5 A,K,E,J 3. Define persons, organizations and agencies responsible for each project. 4. ~ -A. co Prioritize projects to Identify Implementation In one-year and five-year phases. 19. BICYCLE AND PEDESTRIAN TRAFFICWAYS A. J,L,P,R A,K,E,J J,L,P,R A,K,E,J l,L Incorporate the County's rails-to-trails program Into a bicycle and pedestrian trafflcways policy. 1. Incorporate the County's rails-to-trails program Into a bicycle and pedestrian trafflcwaya program. A,E,K l,L B. Report on origins, destinations and needs. 1. Formulate & conduct a survey of bicyclists & hikers to Identify origins, destinations & preferences. l,L 1,2 A,E,K 2. Tabulate and analyze survey results. 1,L 2 A,E,K 3. Publish report Identifying results and analysis of survey. l,L 2 A,E,K C. Report on a long-range plan. 1. Analyze existing facilities for existing and future capacities. 1,L A,E,K 2. Project future demand. 1,L A,E,K 3. Develop goals and objectives for bicycles and pedestrian pathways. 4. Propose bicycle and pedestrian path corridors for the next 20 years In the County. 5. Identify Implementation measures, Including strategies. 1,L 2 A,E,K l,L 2 A,E,K l,L 2 A,E,K �IM.~~~fJl~~1::1 :, r:: : : : 1:1 1:w1,,\, . · 1 D. Report on a Capital Improvements Program. E. 1. Define specific projects under long-range plan implementation measures. l,L 1,2 A,E,K 2. Identify associated phasing costs, revenues and funding sources. l,L 1,2 A,E,K l,L,P,R 1,2 A,E,K Report on a coordination program with County and City streets and highway planning and County and City parks and recreation planning. 1. Report on a coordination program with County and City streets and highway planning and County and City parka and recreation planning. F. Seek MOOT financing assistance. 1. 1,L,R Seek MOOT financing assistance. E 20. LOCATION OF INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT A. ~ ~ K Encourage planned Industrial and commercial parks to locate where services are available and where site location standards indicate. E 1,2,3-5 A,D,E,J 2. Draft standards that identify desirable site locations for Industrial and commercial parks. E 3-5 A,O,E,J 3. Develop a quantitative scale {value) Indicating the relative Importance of each standard . E 3-5 A,D,E,J 4. E 3-5,6-10 A,O,E,J T,E 3-5,6-10 A,D,E,J 1. Utilize ranking system above to identify best sites in these districts. T,E 3-5,6-10 A,D,E,J 2. Work with appropriate local units of government to acquire property. P,E 3-5,6-10 A,D,E,J 3. Access public and private funding sources to develop sites. D,B,P,S 3-5,6-10 A,D,E,J 4. Undertake an industrial target market analysis to identify most appropriate Industries for each park. E,S 3-5,6-10 A,D,E,J 5. E,S 3-5,6-10 A,D,E,J 1. Inventory and map service areas (utilities) within the County identifying locations, size and other characteristics. Rank available sites according to value. 5. Prioritize sites accordingly. B. Promote planned Industrial and commercial parks In the Bullock Creek, Coleman and Meridian public school districts. Develop and implement a promotion/attraction campaign using results of market analysis. - - - - JII . ,_ 111. ,_.. _.. �., . - 11111 , . . . . . ... . . : ):;({:(: POLl~IES/S;~TEGIES/ACTIONS · ·. WIii 1 1 c.. . ::}::r >,· =::r=ii:111:;1:;11111:1111!:1: :::11111 i:::::::::1:::::1 ... - - - - --- .,;,;: : . ~~';:t::'. . \ \ FUNDING P,E 1,2,3-5 A,0,E P,E 3-5,6-10,11-15, 16-20 A,J IM:~M;.::h~~p~~~~ . ' SOURCE C. Utilize P.A. 425 to share tax base. 1. Identify situations and locations where P.A. 425 may be most applicable. 2. Work with local units of government and businesses to adopt and Implement P.A. 425 where applicable and appropriate. 0 . Promote communications and cooperation between municipalities and County Economic Development and Planning agencies. 1. Establish a monthly "breakfast" meeting between County economic development and planning agencies and local units of government. O,J,T,P,E 2,3-5,6-10, 11-15,16-20 A,J 2. Provide for continued printed communication and promotion. P,E,S 2,3-5,6-10, 11-15,16-20 A,J 21. AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY A. ~ A Work with SCS, Farmers Home Administration and Cooperative Extension Service to define the needs for the stabilization of the local agricultural economy. I\) ....L 1. Establish a "panel" of representatives to meet on a regular basis with the goal of stabilizing the local agricultural economy. Z,A,M,E 2,3-5,6-10, 11-15-16-20 A,J 2. Conduct a survey of existing agricultural operations to identify characteristics, attitudes and Ideas. Z,A,M,E 2,3-5,11 -15 A,J Z,A,M,E 3-5 A,J 3. Develop comprehensive agricultural stabilization and expansion plan. B. Evaluate how the Midland County Planning Commission can, through traditional planning methods, assist the farm economy. 1. Meet with County Planning Commission to discuss problems and Identify strategies to Incorporate plannlng methods Into plans to assist the County's farm economy. A,J,E 3-5, 11 -15 A,J 2. Utilize County Planning Commission resources to assist in the agricultural stabilization and enhancement plan. A,J,E 3-5, 11 -15 A,J C. Input agricultural stabilization mechanisms into other planning Initiatives/Issues during Implementation. 1. Develop synopsis of agricultural stabilization and enhancement plan and reference potential situations/conditions under which each plan recommendation may be applied. A,E,M 3-5,11-15 A,J 2. Distribute synopsis to local units of government (City/Village Commissions, Township Boards, Planning Commissions) with instructions on possible applications. A,E,M,O,P 3-5, 11 -15 A,J '• �., , ,. 1~1~1Ai~ti~1~i•: : 1.:• :1: •11:1:1 1~••! •}i : 1: ,. 1!:II •:i ~~·· •,•·• •i:•. ,. 1 11 •••• 1 E 22. LABOR FORCE A. Prepare an analysis of current and future job opportunities, wage levels, job growth segments and training/education programs and requirements In the County. 1. Prepare an analysis of current and future job opportunities, wage levels, job growth segments and training/education programs and requirements in the County. E,S 1,2,3-5 A,J B. Formulate a strategy to target higher paying job categories to promote job growth in the County. 1' I\) I\) 1. Identify existing wage rates and job classifications In the County. E,S 1,2,3-5 A.J 2. Utilize targeted Industry market study described above to Identify most desirable and compatible businesses that could locate In the County. E,S 3-5 A,J 3. Identify wage rates associated with targeted Industries and compare with existing wage rates. E,S 3-5 A,J 4. Develop strategies to attract those Industries with higher wage rates than currently exist In the County. E,S 3-5 A,J p 23. PRIVATE SEWAGE SYSTEMS A. Administer and enforce municipal and township codes and ordinances In accordance with plan policies/actions and County Health Department regulations. 1. Inventory all local land use plans and identify implications of policies and land use distribution patterns relative to existing Health Department regulations. O,J,G,P 2 I A.E,J 2. Modify land use plans/policies to adapt to regulations, or vice-versa. O,J,G,P 3-5 I A.E,J 3. Establish and administer local codes and ordinances that best fit County Health Department regulations and local land use plans and pollcles. O,J,G,P 3-5,6-10,11-15,16-20 I A,E,J G 24. AJA POLLUTION CONTROL A. Encourage growth and development away from airborne particulates. 1. Analyze sources of airborne particulates, including location , type and quantity. Y,G,O,S 6-10 A,E,J 2. Analyze predominant wind direction and their Impact upon flow direction of airborne particulates. v,G,a,s 6-10 A,E,J 3. Encourage future land use development In areas least affected by particulate flow. O,J,G,Q 6-10 A,E,J •• ••.••• -: .. , :: , ~ �......... ,. .......... .. - - - - ... -- -- IIIIU POLICIES/;TRATEGIES/ACTIONS·.. );!;}::;;· <>,···::: ///::?=\,,. ·-::::);-· IM~~M:im~~p~~i'if;; : 1: 1: ~ ~~-J\j:: FUNDING ;: SOURCl( ·. B. Monitor situation for change In conditions. 1. Identify most effective equipment required for monitoring program. G,Q,S 6-10 A,E,J 2. G,Q,S 6-10 A,E,J 1. Compile generic Information on air pollution and combine with specific data pertaining to Midland County, including traditional and exotic air emissions. G,Q,S 6-10 A,E,J 2. G,Q,S 6-10 A,E,J 3. Outllne education program using collected data and remedial programs. G,Q 6-10 A,E,J 4. G,T,Q,S 6-10, 11-15, 16-20 A,E,J Purchase and utilize equipment. C. Develop a local education/awareness program. Develop recommended programs for remediating air pollution Impacts, Implement education program through schools, service clubs and other organizations. ~ 25. GROUNDWATER PROTECTION w A. G I\) Report on groundwater resources/hydrogeologlcal conditions In the County. 1. Compile existing data on hydrogeologlcal conditions, Including well logs, geologic features, etc. to utilize in computerized program that Identifies groundwater conditions throughout the County. G,Q,S 3-5 A,E,J 2. Compare existing groundwater conditions with future land use plans to determine long-range Impacts. D,J,G,Q,P,O 3-5 A,E,J G,Q 3-5 A,E,J 2. Collect data pertaining to the quantity of water used. G,Q 3-5 A,E,J 3. Identify characteristics of aquifer(s) to determine Impact on surrounding wells. G,Q 3-5 A,E,J 4. Develop a report of findings. G,Q 3-5 A,E,J B. Report on assessment of groundwater problems and the Impact of large users drawing down the water table. 1. Identify existing large users of water. �, , · •·I•.iM:tril~~il~~~!: • ;l~!~:i•1~J%, •1:•1•1•· 11 1 1 •••• 11 11 • 1 :• 1i:•~~i~ : : • ·•· · •· 11 1 •:•i1 C. Report on groundwater protection management plan Including protection measures and a monitoring system . 1. Analyze data collected above and develop goals and objectives for protection of groundwater. G,Q , 3-5 A,E,J 2. Develop a plan based upon derived goals and objectives. G,Q 3-5 A,E,J 3. Recommend a system for effectively monitoring the success/failure of the proposed plan. G,Q 3-5 A.E,J D. Establish priorities for monitoring suspected groundwater contamination areas, such as existing municipal landfills, closed dump sites, Act 307 site, etc. 1. Establish a weighting (ranking) system for evaluating Importance of land uses relative to groundwater protection. O,J,G,Q 6-10 A.E,J 2. Utilize system to evaluate and prioritize suspected contamination sites. G,Q 3-5,6-10 A.E,J B,J,G,Q 3-5 A.E 2. Draft and send a letter describing goal and Intent and request participation. B,J,G,Q,S 3-5 A,E 3. Establish organization meeting and date and time. B,J,G,Q 3-5 A.E 4. B,J,G,P,Q,S 3-5 A,E O,J,G,Q,S 6-10 A,E B 26. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANNING ~ ~ A. Solicit Interest from selected groups to participate In defining the Intent and scope of a comprehensive environmental management plan. 1. Define the goal and intent of establishing a plan, develop a list of prospective public and private sector organizations and Individuals. Hold organization meeting. B. Undertake 11n Inventory and evaluation of current environmental contamination conditions ~ncludlng P.A. 307 sites) and project the potential for future contamination/pollution. 1. Review projected future land use configurations and Identify potential associated contamination (based on standard manufacturing processes or activities associated with each projected use). ... ... ~ - a lllllf' ..., .... ..,_ .~ ·- ·- =- -,,;::__ �.. .. - - - - - -- -- - ,__, WI . . 1111 Ila •:;. •. ... )ifu ._ .•_ _ . .:::. · = / ·. =, :.= ·,= •==,fjr::=lf ·• POLICIES/STRATEGIES/ACTIONS IMPLEMENTING. B()OlES- . AND PARTICIPANTS . :/> $CHEOU~ \r. (YEAR)" FUNDING .• SOURCE C. Develop a county-wide Environmental Management Plan addressing Issues of air, water, solls, noise and visual pollution . 1. Collect data on environmental pollutants, P.A. 307 site Inventory, future land use, site contamination analysis and potential air pollution generators determined under the air pollution control strategy J,G,Q,S 3-5 A,E,J 2. Analyze Impacts of future population growth and land use distribution patterns on those Issues. O,J,G,Q 3-5 A,E,J 3. Establish goals and objectives for mitigating environmental pollution concerns and analyze those J,G,Q,S 3-5 A,E,J J,G,Q,S 3-5 A,E,J 5. Present plan tor review to the group selected above. B,J,G,Q,S 3-5 A,E,J 6. Adopt and publish plan. B,J,G,Q 3-5 A,E,J G,Q,S 3-5 A,E,J 2. Identify the various hazardous materials produced or used in the County and their current methods and practice of storage or disposal. G,Q,S 3-5 A,E,J 3. Meet with hazardous materials handlers In the County and In conjunction with research materials G,0 ,5 3-5 A,E,J G,Q,S 3-5 A,E,J B,J,G,P,Q,S 3-5 A,E,J J,G,Q,S 6-10 A,E,J 2. Develop specific Implementation programs associated with program goals and objectives. J,G,Q,S 6-10 A,E,J 3. Promote the adoption of the program by local units of government. B,J,G,P,Q 6-10 A,E,J G,P,Q,S 6-10 A,E,J and Inventories. Impacts upon the local economy. 4. :f- Develop policies and strategies to Implement the plan. 0 . Establish a county-wide hazardous materlals management program. "' CJl 1. Research available Information/publications pertaining to hazardous materials and their safe handling, storage and disposal. Identified above, Identify beat management practices. 4. Develop a program for management of hazardous materials, emphasizing voluntary compliance where appropriate and mandatory compliance where necessary. 5. Adopt management program and associated ordinances as necessary. E. Develop a comprehensive environmental management program that Is capable of being Implemented and politically and financially acceptable to the public and private sectors. 1. 4. Incorporate all of the above programs into a comprehensive program framework. Through the organization established above, promote voluntary acceptance of the program by the private sector. F. Solicit voluntary compliance and require mandatory compliance when necessary. �---·--- - --- .._ __ ·• :,,~:!~lirit~~i-:1• ·l•:1:1:::;j:!jl j~~ ij::lj:l: :t•••1.:iIi: : •:i\j~t~~·: : • ·':• •. 11 1 1 F. Solicit voluntary compliance and require mandatory compliance when necessary. 1. Solicit voluntary compliance and require mandatory compliance when necessary. 6-10 A,E,J p 27. MUNICIPAL ANO TOWNSHIP MASTER PLANS A. G,P,Q,S Prepare/update/adopt master plans and community facilities plans. 1. Encourage each local unit of government with a land use plan adopted 5 or more years ago to update lta plan. O,J,P 2,3-5,6-10, 11-15, 16-20 A,J 2. Provide a general outline of the process local units should use to evaluate the viability of existing plans and Items that should be considered In a good plan. O,J,P 2,3-5 A-J 1. Educate local Planning Commissions as to their responsibilities to review proposed public works plans from all local, county and state agencies, to ensure conformance with adopted plans. O,J 3-5,6-10,11 -15,15-20 I A.J Encourage local Planning Commissions to develop and adopt a process for evaluating proposed public works projects. O,J 3-5,&-10, 11-15, 1&-20 I A.J B. Encourage local Planning Commission review of public works In accordance with adopted master plans. 2. ~ ~ J 28. LOCAL PLANNING INFORMATION A. Provide current geographical Information maps. J 3-5 A,J H,J 3-5 A,J H,D,B,J 3-5 A,J J 3-5 A,J J 3-5 A,J 1. Develop a file of existing socioeconomic data for the County and each of Its local Jurisdictions. J,P,E 3-5 A,J 2. Develop a list of information available and distribute to local units. J 3-5 A,J 3. Establish a system to allow access by local governments. H,J 3-5 A,J 1. Evaluate & define the mapping goals and associated needs of the County, municipalities & twps. 2. Identify computer hardware and software that best fits the County's computerized mapping needs. 3. Purchase/lease equipment and programs, or hire consultant, to develop maps. 4. Collect data , existing maps and generate updated computer maps. 5. Distribute maps to local units as requested. B. Provide current socioeconomic data. :..al' ..... ~ - .~ ..... •'--' - ~ -=-- �-.. . . . . . Wt .. .. - - - la ~ IM~Mp~~~t~ES( POLICIES/STRATEGIES/ACTIONS - }' - ~ I<( ~~~ .:, -I': . .... : :~~~ C. Continue County Planning Commission review of local plans to ensure coordination with the County Plan. D. ~ I\) --..a 1. Notify all local units of government to remind them they are required to send local plans to the County Plannlng Commission for review. O,J,P 3-5 A 2. Establish a general review framework that allows for objective evaluation and conforms with the contents of the plan. J 3-5 A Provide educational resources for local unit planning processes. 1. Continue to monitor and offer attendance at conferences and seminars to the County Planning Commission members. J 2. Annually budget for educational seminars and conferences for County Planning Commission members. D,B,J 3. Sponsor conferences within the County for educating local Planning Commission members on specific planning ISSt.tes. J,O,P 4. Encourage local Planning Commissions to attend state-wide and regional conferences and seminars. O,J,P 29. PLANNING EFFORT BY LOCAL GOVERNMENTAL UNITS A. I I I 1,2,3-5,6-10, 11-15,16-20 IA 1,2,3-5,6-10, 11-15, 16-20 IA 2,3-5.6-10. 11-15, 16-20 I 2,3-5,6-10, 11-15, 16-20 IA A J Recommend updating master (and land use) plans In the context of conducting township zoning coordination reviews. 1. Utilize Information In Table 52 and review local zoning ordinances and plans. O,J,P 3-5 I A 2. Identify areas where local units' zoning maps and texts do not reflect proposals In the local plan. O,J,P 3-5 I A 3. Identify areas where land use plans, zoning maps and ordinances among adjoining units of government conflict with each other. O,J,P 3-5 I A 4. Recommend changes In local land use plans, zoning, ordinances and maps to reflect greater coordination between ordinances and plan proposals of each jurisdiction as well as among adjoining jurisdictions. O,J,P 3-5,6-10, 11-15, 16-20 I A O,J,P 3-5,6-10, 11-15, 16-20 I A B. Conduct and sponsor workshops on preparing/updating municipal master plans, zoning documents and developing current standards. 1. Conduct and sponsor workshops on preparing/updating municipal master plans, zoning documents and developing current standards. �t/!~ j~lflflil:: : 1i:!i l! Ji !li!:ij e~j :! li!l :i l:i;:j{l :'l: : : : : Wtru°~~t:::> 1 1 1 C. Evaluate innovate approaches tried in other areas in Michigan (and the Nation), 1. Collect and evaluate resource data on innovative growth management techniques. J 3-5 2. Identify these techniques that are legal In Michigan and which can function In Midland County. J . 3-5 Provide reports to local units of government that describe each technique, Its legal status In O,J,P 3. I I A I A 3-5,6-10,11-15,16-20 A H,D,B,J 3-5 A H,D,B,J 3-5 A H,D,B,J 3-5 A Michigan and the condition, under which the technique could or should be applied. B 30. COUNTY-WIDE GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYTEMS (G.I.S.) A. Conduct a GIS feasibility analysis. 1. Develop a position paper on the need for Incorporating a GIS system within County government and present to the County Board of Commissioners. B. Establish a GIS program under the leadership of the County Planning Department and the County Department of Information Systems. ~ ~ 1. Establish a GIS program under the leadership of the County Planning Department and the County Department of Information Systems. C. Inventory and analyze the GIS needs of each County department to determine required extent and capacity of proposed system. 1. Develop a survey form and distribute to each County department. 2. Tabulate surveys and Identify a list of composite needs that are most common among departments. H,D,B,J 3-5 A 3. Identify the system that best meets those needs. H,D,B,J 3-5 A 1. Request assistance from suppliers to Identify range of cost for constructing a GIS system. H,D,B,J 3-5 A 2. Request a budget allocation for developing and Implementing a GIS program. H,D,B,J 3-5 A 3. Utilize survey results to develop a request for proposals for professional assistance. H,D,B,J 3-5 A 4. Conduct selection process and work with consultant. H,D,B,J 3-5 A D. Work with a GIS professional to construct and Implement a GIS program for the County, responsive to the needs of each department. =- ·" - _, .--- "Jlllliia ... ... ... .... .. .( .. �,.. . . 1111 •: ~ --- - ,., POUc1es1sr~~~a1es1ACTIONS I;fff IIlJrii :=Jt 1 ···-, =;i: 1::1:::Ii::If Wlllfr .. . . ..., IMPLEMENT!;q~Ql~S AND PARTICIPANT~ ' . ....... - -"" : )( ~ ~ ~- j:/ r):\~i~~ - E. Educate County Department of Planning and County Department of Information Systems In the application and updating of the GIS system. H,D,B,J 3-5 A H,D,B,J 3-5,6-10, 11-15, 16-20 A D,B,J 2 A D,B,J 2 A D,B,J 2 A D,B,J 2 A D,B,J 2 A 1. Identify conditions and situations under which consultant should be utilized. D,B,J 2 A 2. Identify on annual basis projects which will require consulting assistance and establish D,B,J 2,3-5,6-10, 11-15, 16-20 A D,B,J 2 A 1. Educate County Department of Planning and County Department of Information Systems in the application and updating of the GIS system. F. Continue to evaluate the operation and efficiency of the County GIS system. 1. Continue to evaluate the operation and efficiency of the County GIS system. 31 . FORMULATION OF OTHER PLANNING ELEMENTS D,B A. Provide funding and administrative support for permanent technical and professional planning staff. 1. ~ ~ Identify planning projects and day-to-day activities in the County Planning Commission and Planning Department and calculate man- hours required to perform those tasks/projects. 2. Compare man-hours required with existing available man-hours. 3. If additional manpower required, Identify amount and qualifications neceaaa,y. 4. Identify appropriate budget and request appropriation. 5. Suggest additional funding sources, If necessary, Including user fees. B. Provide funding and administrative support for hiring special, professional oonsultlng firms to augment the permanent planning staff engaged In special projects. recommended budget for each project. 3. Request funding for project(s) in annual budget. �,~=~~,i~~,,!~1:1 t1 : : 1 :1:• n1i 1 1 : 1:1 i: : :~ t:::,: 1 1:1:1: 11:: : :t : B 32. INTERGOVERNMENTAL COORDINATION FOR PLANNING A. Actively lobby with the Michigan Association of Counties, Michigan Chapter of the American Planning Association and Michigan Society of Planning Officials to amend the County Planning Act to require County notification and coordination of various agency planning activities. 1. Actively lobby with the Michigan Association of Counties, Michigan Chapter of the American Planning Association and Michigan Society of Planning Officials to amend the County Planning Act to require County notification and coordination of various agency planning activities. V,B,J 3-5 A,J V,B,J 3-5 A,J 2. Develop preferred amendment language and Identify sponsor(s) of ieglslatlon. V,B,J 3-5 A,J 3. Continue to work with sponsor(s) to ensure passage. V,B,J 3-5 A,J B. Assist in recommending specific textual changes In P.A. 282 of 1945 pertaining to required Intergovernmental cooperation. 1. Initiate meetings with organizations identified above to discuss need for leglslatlve amendments. I ~ 33. STRUCTURE FOR IMPLEMENTING COMPREHENSNE PLAN 0 A. Encourage Involvement of Identified units of government, public/private nonprofit organizations, u> B businesses and Interested Individuals In the implementation program. 1. Develop an executive summary of this Plan and distribute to local units of government. D,B,J,P 2 A 2. Send the Identified Individuals/organizations and agencies responsible for Implementing this plan copies of the plan text with references to their specific strategic activltJea. J 2 A B. Assign ongoing/individuals to specific proposals and work with them to develop a series of strategies for each proposal. 1. Notify those Individuals/organizations and agencies of the need to communicate with the County Planning Commission and establish an •open door" policy to encourage oommunlcatlon with the Planning Commission. 2. Establish a monitoring program or system that provides for consistent oversight of the Implementation process, Including Identification of alternative strategies or actions that can be I D,B,J I 3-5 IA I D,B,J I 3-5,6-10,11-15,16-20 IA applied as necessary. 3. Provide ongoing technical assistance to each identified individual organization or agency to assist In accomplishing their objectives. 4. Provide for coordination among responsible parties with quarterly or semi-annual meetings among those working on similar or Interrelated objectives . ...._ ,__ I I I I D,B,J D,B,J,P ......... . -. ..- ·~ 3-5,6-10,11-15,16-20 3-5,6-10, 11-15,16-20 _...., IA IA .... .- ... �,.. ... . . al ~ --- ,..., - ~ WIii'} -- .-.-:-:-:-c-:-: POLICIES/STRATEGIES/ACTIONS "/ .·.. -::::::::::: ·::c. : .. :- ,_,, ., .... --- - - _.... ·,/: ~DUIJ.:: ;: IMPLEMENTING BODIE$ , . : -:: ::: (Yl:AR) ··:-:-:·· . AND PARTICIPANTS . :•} :== SOURCE C. The County Board of Commissioners should lead the lmplementatlon program and support the efforts of the County Planning Commission. 1. Ensure the County Board of Commissioners Is familiar with this plan. D,B,J 2 A 2. Encourage Board members to work with Identified parties responsible for Implementation. D,B,J 2,3-5,6-10, A 11-15,16-20 3. Update the County Board continuously on progress made in plan Implementation. D,B,J 3-5,6-10, 11, 16,16-20 A 4. Incorporate Implementation programs Into County Capital Improvements Program. D,B,J 2,3-5,6-10, 11-15,16-20 A D,B,J 2 A 2. Develop PERT or GANT Chart for those participants who failed to do ao. D,B,J 3-5 A 3. Identify dates (months) In each chart where monitoring should occur. D,B,J 3-5 A 4. Meet with specified parties in Identified month to discuss progress, problems and alternative actions If necessary. D,B,J 3-5,6-10,11-15, 16-20 A 5. Develop and maintain a 'master" chart Identifying progress or problems and coordination among D,B,J 3-5,6-10,11·15,16-20 A D. Provide for a system of monitoring the program made by participants. 1. Request each participating entity to develop a GANT Chart or PERT Chart to identify proposed activities and alternative actions. ~ c,,) ~ parties. .FUNDING - �I KEY TO IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM ( I I I I IMPLEMENTING BODIES AND PARTICIPANTS A - Cooperative Extension Services B - County Board of Commissioners C County and City Housing Commissions I - J - County Planning Commission K - County Plat Board - Local Units of Government - Michigan Department of Natural Resources R s - Private Interests (Residents, Business, Industries) T - Public School Districts/Superintendents D E F G I H I L I I M N 0 p a I I u V w I I I I I I ' y z County Controller/Administrator County Economic Growth & Development Corporation County Emergency Services Department County Health Department County Information Systems Department County Parks and Recreation Commission County Road Commission County Soil and Water Conservation District County Solid Waste Management Advisory Board Local Building, Planning and Zoning Officials Michigan Department of Transportation Social Services Consortium State-wide Planning-related Organizations U.S. Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Services U.S. Environmental Protection Agency U.S. Farmers Home Administration SCHEDULE FUNDING SOURCES 1 - One Year A 2 - Two Years 3-5 - Three through Five Years D E F G H I J - 6 - 10 11 - 15 16 - 20 Six through Ten Years Eleven through Fifteen Years Sixteen through Twenty Years - General Revenues (County /Local) B Tax Increment Financing C Special Assessment District K K-32 - Community Development Block Grant MDNR/CZM/NRFT/LAWCON/MDOC Grant User Fees Michigan Municipal Bond Authority Michigan State Housing Development Authority Small Business Administration Loans Foundation Grants/Contributions Michigan Department of Transportation I �ADDENDUM - TO THE MIDLAND COUNTY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN REPORT MIDLAND COUNTY PLANNING COMMISSION AUGUST 1993 �INSTRUCTIONS This addendum was prepared to provide the recipient of the Midland County Comprehensive Plan report, dated April 1993, with additional and revised information. The previous sections and paragraphs of the Comprehensive Plan report referred to in this addendum should be crossed out and notations made to the new sections and paragraphs. This addendum should accompany the Comprehensive Plan report for handy reference. Please follow the instructions given on the top of each page. If you have any questions, please contact: Midland County Department of Planning Midland County Service Building 220 W. Ellsworth Street Midland Michigan 48640-5149 (517) 832-6870 �TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Labor Force Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-29 Building Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-31 Development Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-34 Industrial Parks ..............-. . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . . . . . . D-35 Map No. 7, Industrial & Research Parks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-37 Tri-City International Airport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-7 Sanitary Sewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-1 Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-2 Grace A. Dow Memorial Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-26 Midland Community Center ............ -; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-39 Table 46, Residential Acreage Requirements ............................. J-5 Natural Conservation Area .......................................... J-16 Sewer/Water .................................................... J-19 Economic Development ............................................ J-26 �ADDENDUM Labor Force Characteristics Instructions: Add the following paragraph to the end of the Labor Force Characteristics section, page D-29. Comparing the labor force characteristics in 1988 with the estimated employment in 1990 (see Tables 25 and 29), the employment by industry has changed. Manufacturing, wholesale and retail jobs have a smaller percentage share of the total employment in 1990 compared with a larger percentage share of jobs in the construction, transportation/communication/utilities, finance/insurance/real estate, and services industries. In 1990 construction jobs made up 9.3% of the total employment; manufacturing jobs, 31.9%; transportation/communications/utilities, 1.4%; wholesale/retail, 13.0%; finance/insurance/real estate, 4.5%, and services, 30.0%. 0-29 �ADDENDUM Building Construction Instructions: Add the following paragraph to the end of the narrative on Building Construction, page D-31. Since the estimates provided by the U.S. Bureau of the Census, Construction Statistics Division, are based on reports submitted by the municipalities and townships, the estimates do not include all construction in the County. Not all of the municipalities and townships reported on their building permits issued for the period 1980 - 1990 and, therefore, not all of the actual construction costs, particularly industrial and institutional, are estimated. 0-31 �ADDENDUM Development Strategy Instructions: Substitute the following for the first paragraph of the Development Strategy section, page D-34. The Midland County Economic Development Council, (MCEDC), contracted with the Battelle Institute, a private research company, for an analysis and recommendations regarding the economic development of the Midland County area The Economic Development Corporation of the County of Midland (338 Corp.) worked with the Council on the development of the Battelle analysis. As a result of the Battelle analysis, a group of "targeted" industries was identified. A targeted industry is one in which attraction (or retention) efforts should be concentrated and which best matches the County's strengths to growth-oriented industries. Since analysis was performed the list of target industries has changed very little. D-34 �I I I I I ADDENDUM Industrial Parks Instructions: Substitute the following for the section on Industrial Parks, page D-35. Midland County is home to a variety of industrial and research parks. There are currently eight existing industrial parks and one research park. There are 22 industrial park lots currently available for construction and five available research park lots. Ownership of the parks varies, as does certification between the parks. For details concerning individual parks, refer to Table 30. Map 7 shows the general locations of the industrial and research parks. Additional lots are available for development in other industrial locations shown on this map. I I I I 0-35 �ADDENDUM Map No. 7, Industrial & Research Parks Instructions: Refer to the following note when using Map No. 7, page D-37. I I The Lincoln Industrial Park, No. 2, is located in the southeast corner of Stark and Letts Roads, not on Dublin Road. 0-37 �ADDENDUM Tri-City International Airport Instructions: Substitute the following narrative for the description of the Tri-City International Airport, pages F-7 and F-8. The 3,00CF-acre Tri-City International Airport is located nine miles northwest of Saginaw near Freeland, Michigan. The airport serves the Saginaw area, the Midland area and Bay County. There are currently two runways located at the airport. The main runway is ·8,000 feet long and 150 feet wide and the crosswind runway is 6,500 feet long and 150 feet wide. Two airlines, United and Northwest operate from the airport's two gates with passenger-loading bridges. In addition to the two airlines offering jet service, there are commuter airlines services, Continental Express, USAir Express, and Skyway. There is an average of 20 commercial flights in and out of the airport per day. Annually there are over 6,800 commercial flights serving 500,000 passengers from Tri-City's facilities. Corporate aviation is also significant at MBS. Dow Chemical and Dow Corning each have a fleet of corporate aircraft housed in their own hangars. In addition, many corporate aircraft are maintained by the fixed based operator. A concessionaire offers both short-term and long-term parking at the airport. Other concessions available at the airport include: five car rental agencies, travel agencies, and restaurant/gift shop services. U.S. Customs is located at Tri-City, making international check-in very convenient. The annual budget for the airport is $3.6 million. This figure does not include the $1 to $2 million that is received as grants from the Federal Aviation Trust Fund. The City of Saginaw, the City of Midland and Bay County each contribute $50,000 towards the airport's annual operating budget. The Tri-City International Airport has its own fire department that includes crash and rescue vehicles. It also maintains snow removal equipment. A noise impact study was recently performed for the Tri-City International Airport. The study outlines existing noise impact on the area, and also projects impacts over the next 10 years. It is based on the Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) acceptable noise level standards. Note: This addendum is continued on page F-8. F-7 �ADDENDUM Tri-City International Airport description continued. The Airport's Master Plan is approved by the F.A.A. In the last five years the Airport received over ten million dollars in federal grants for improvements made to taxiways, runways, aprons, utilities, service roads, acquisition of land, fire equipment and a computerized security access system. During the next year, 1993, a federal grant will be received for construction of new terminal access drives, airfield signage and terminal modifications. The Master Plan includes an additional third runway to be parallel to the main runway, acquisition of land, rescue equipment, snow removal equipment, terminal expansion, new fire rescue facility, and airfield improvements. I I ~ I I I I F-8 �I I I I I I I I ADDENDUM Sanitary Sewer Instructions: Substitute the following for the second paragraph of the Sanitary Sewer section, page G-1. The second municipal sewer system is operated by and with the City. of Midland. The capacity of the City's wastewater treatment plant in 1993 was 12 mgd. Most areas within the City have sewer service available and capacities exist for serving a greater area The City of- Midland has adopted a sewer and water extension policy known as the MUGA or Midland Urban Growth Area Policy. Simply stated, the MUGA policy is that utility service will only be provided if one of two conditions occur. If a property is inside the MUGA boundary but outside the city limits, utilities will be provided if the property is annexed. If outside the MUGA boundary, utilities will only be provided to a governmental agency. The only instance in which this has happened is in the Midland County Water District No. 1. The system has a current capacity of 6.5 mgd, and is operating at 100 percent capacity. A new facility is located adjacent to the existing wastewater treatment plant and will increase the wastewater treatment plant's optimum capacity to 10 million gallons per day with peak flow capacities of twice that amount. Based on the City's 1990 population of a per-capita capacity of 264 gallons per day, or 96,360 gallons per year, will be available once improvements to the wastewater treatment plant are complete. Peak capacities on a per-capita basis will be twice these figures. I I I I I G-1 �• -I ADDENDUM Water Instructions: Substitute the following for the second paragraph of the Water section, page G-2. Midland County Water District No. 1 is currently administered by the Midland County Department of Public Works. Areas served in Water District No. 1 include the Village of Sanford and portions of Lincoln and Jerome townships immediately adjacent to the Village. The Water District has a 200,000-gallon storage tank in the Village of Sanford. Annually, 100-105 million gallons of water are purchased from the City of Midland by the Water District and distributed throughout the District. With an estimated population of 4,027 for Water District No. 1, the per-capita capacity is 70 gallons per day, or 25,453 gallons per year. Although the District is administered by Midland County, the system is owned by the three municipalities. This was arranged when the system was financed in 1969. When the bonds are paid off by the three municipalities new operational arrangements will likely occur. One possible arrangement could consist of the forming of a water authority between the three communities. While the three communities all have a part in the water system, each municipality is responsible for the expansion of the system. During the 1980s, 15 miles of watermains were installed. Instructions: Substitute the following for the last paragraph of the Water section, page G-2. The City of Midland's water system falls under the same extension (MUGA) policy, as the sewer. The capacity of the City's water system in 1993 was 48 mgd. When averaged for the year, 21-25 million gallons per day are pumped through the City's water system. With the City's 1990 population of 37,819 this translates to a percapita capacity of between 555 gallons per day and 661 gallons per day. Annually, on a per-capita basis, between 202,575 and 241,265 gallons of water is the current capacity of the system. Of the 21-25 million gallons pumped per day in Midland, between eight and nine million gallons are for domestic use. G-2 �ADDENDUM Grace A. Dow Memorial Library Instructions: Substitute the following for the last paragraph of the Grace A. Dow Memorial Library section, page G-26. Currently under construction is an 18,000-square-foot addition, which will alleviate the current space shortage the library is experiencing. Note: The remainder of this paragraph was deleted. ~ I I I G-26 �I I I I I I ADDENDUM Midland Community Center Instructions: Substitute the following for the first paragraph of the Midland Community Center section, page G-39. Midland Community Center offers a large variety of activities to Midland County. The Community Center, established by H. H. Dow in 1917, was moved to its current location at 2001 George Street in 1955. Since then, the center has been expanded and improved al~ times and has over 155,000 square feet of interior space. The Midland Community Tennis Center, an affiliated organization, is located at 900 E. Wackerly Road and the Midland Soccer Club, a private organization, furnishes soccer fields and facilities at 1550 N. Jefferson Road. Instructions: Substitute the following for the fourth paragraph of the Midland Community Center section, page G-40. The following list, taken from the Midland Community Center's 1991 Spring Schedule, shows the variety of programs that are available: -Indoor jogging -Indoor swimming -Weight and nautilus equipment -Steam and sauna facilities -Supervised gymnastics -Fencing -Bridge/chess teams -Various exercise and aerobic programs -Weight loss programs -Bicycle trips -Basketball and volleyball -Table tennis and football -Billiards -Racquetball and squash -Dance lessons -Children's programs -Self defense classes -Marksmanship -Arts and crafts -Camping -Summer day camp -Travel -Curling (located at 700 Gerald Court). G-39 and G-40 �I I I I I I I I I I I I I ADDENDUM Table 46. Residential Acreage Requirements Instructions: Refer to the enclosed page, J-5, for the revised Table 46, page J-5. Note: This addendum properly re-aligns the data in Table 46 among the jurisdictions. I I I I J-5 �Jasper +175 Jerome + 1,037 Larkin +883 These figures are based on arithmetic calculations and do not represent actual conditions. Warren +516 Coleman City +345 Midland City + 5,400 TABLE 46 RESIDENTIAL ACREAGE REQUIREMENTS (Low and High Density) Based on 1978/79 Acres/Unit as Applied to Projected Housing Need Jurisdiction 1978/1919 ' Acreage , TQwnshlgl! Edenville Geneva Greendale Homer Hope Ingersoll Jasper Jerome* Larkin Lee Lincoln Midland Mills Mt. Haley Porter Warren 796 304 441 1,751 300 832 297 1,320 1,112 1,225 651 800 572 543 188 549 912 412 443 1,471 549 943 383 1,604 1,010 1,090 547 812 467 503 358 622 .87 .74 1.00 1.19 .55 .80 .7() .82 1.10 1.12 1.19 .99 1.22 1.08 .53 .88 995 410 528 1,557 558 984 385 1,803 1,193 1,395 658 836 550 570 399 658 866 303 528 1,853 307 787 270 1,478 1,312 1,562 783 828 671 616 211 579 1,015 405 630 2,680 425 1,115 355 1880 1,635 1,875 1,045 1,215 830 790 280 785 1,355 535 815 3,800 640 1,555 445 2,515 2,195 2,495 1,570 1,700 1,130 1,095 385 1,095 Cities Coleman Midland 279 5,123 536 13,790 .52 .37 526 15,338 275 5,675 416 7,980 620 11,075 Count~ 17,083 26,355 .65 29,343 18,904 25,356 35,020 *Includes Village of Sanford SOURCE: U.S. Census of Population and Housing Summary Reports, 1980 and 1990; Gove Associates Inc. J-5 �ADDENDUM Natural Conservation Area Instructions: Substitute the following for the fourth paragraph of the Natural Conservation Area section, page J-16. Overall, the County should identify key natural and archeological sites; such as the Kawkawlin Wildlife Flooding and Refuge Area in Mills Township, Chippewa Nature Center and Pine Haven Recreation Area, and work with local interested organizations and the State to preserve those sites, while at the same time opening them up to public access in a manner compatible with preservation. These designated natural conservation areas provide substantial opportunity for public access for natural study and recreation. These areas are primarily located in the northern and eastern sections of the County, particularly in or near the City of Midland, providing easy access to the majority of the County's residents. In addition, parts of the Midland City Forest and the 500 acres of land owned by the City of Midland in Porter Township are considered natural conservation areas. Using National Recreation Association standards of eight acres of natural area per 1,000 persons (as identified in the Midland County 1988 Recreation Plan), the County should have 846 acres of natural/conservation lands open for public use by the year 2015. Between Pine Haven Recreation Area and Chippewa Nature Center, there are almost 1,200 acres of natural area available for public access in the County. However, other natural resource areas of significance may also exist and these should also be preserved for public access and enjoyment. Such areas should be carefully evaluated and selected, using relevant criteria to identify and rank potential sites. That process could include the following criteria: The site contains unique or abundant natural resources, such as unusual flora and fauna, plant or tree species which are indigenous to the area but in a concentration or density that makes the area unique. The site contains only limited man-made facilities associated with the operation of the natural conservation area (e.g., picnic areas, canoe launch, etc.) The site can be reasonably accessed by automobile, and adequate parking can be provided at the designated entrance to the area. The site can accommodate hiking trails without major modifications to the terrain, water courses, or plant species. The site is on existing publicly owned land (e.g., the Au Sable State Forest), or owned by a nonprofit entity willing and able to make the site available for public access. J-16 �• ADDENDUM Sewer/Water Instructions: Substitute the following for the section on Sewer/Water, page J-19. While the City of Midland has adopted an urban growth area policy for placement of water and sewer facilities, there are locations outside of that area where projected growth could warrant community sewer systems. Referring to the projected residential acreage requirements in Table 46, most townships could potentially require some form of community sanitary system in the next 25 years the exceptions include Geneva, Greendale, Jasper and Porter townships. Various options are available for future study of alternative systems. For example, if feasible, the City of Midland could expand its service area to include two or three of those townships (perhaps Homer, Larkin, Lee, Ingersoll, Lincoln and/or Midland). The recent agreements covering annexation and utility extensions between the City of Midland, Midland Township and Larkin Township, are examples of options of providing sewer and water services. The City of Coleman could service most, if not all, of Warren Township. However, lift stations would have to be provided, due to distance and topography. If warranted, Edenville and Jerome townships could consider constructing a joint sewer system, possibly owned and operated by an authority. A separate collection and treatment system(s) could be built to serve other townships as needed. For example, in townships such as Edenville, Homer and Lee, that currently have water quality problems associated with individual systems, the same options could be studied. In fact, Homer Township is planning on developing a sanitary sewer system in a portion of the township and a water system throughout the area if approved by Township residents. The Coleman water system could also be extended to serve Warren Township and possibly areas beyond the Township boundary. J-19 �.. ADDENDUM Economic Development Instructions: Substitute the following for the second paragraph of the Economic Development section, page J-26. Economic development on a county-wide scale requires coordination among jurisdictions and organizations within the County. The recent merger of the Midland County Growth Council and the Midland County Economic Development Corporation has been a positive move in that direction. This umbrella organization, the Midland County Economic Growth and Development Corporation, is oriented to economic needs throughout the County. This umbrella organization interfaces with the Small Business Center, Midland County Convention and Visitors Bureau and Economic Development Corporation of the County of Midland (338 Corp). The former functions of the Midland County Economic Development Corporation are now provided by the Midland County Economic Growth and Development Corporation. At the same time, the Midland County Convention and Visitors Bureau is targeting conventions, special events and sightseeing markets to attract outside nonmanufacturing revenue into the County. While the Economic Growth and Development Corporation and the Convention and Visitors Bureau each target different segments of the economy, benefits will likely be realized through continuing coordination between these two organizations. Maintaining a close working relationship between these two groups and the Saginaw Area Community Growth Alliance will also help leverage local economic benefits utilizing regionwide resources. I J-26 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Wyckoff Planning and Zoning Collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Planning & Zoning Center (Lansing, Mich.) (Organization) Wyckoff, Mark A. Description An account of the resource Municipal master plans and zoning ordinances from across the state of Michigan, spanning from the 1960s to the early 2020s. The bulk of the collection was compiled by urban planner Mark Wyckoff over the course of his career as the founder and principal planner of the Planning and Zoning Center in Lansing, Michigan. Some additions have been made to the collection by municipalities since it was transferred to Grand Valley State University. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Michigan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960/2023 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/870">Planning and Zoning Center Collection (RHC-240)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">No Copyright - United States</a> Subject The topic of the resource Michigan Comprehensive plan publications Master plan reports Zoning--Michigan Zoning--Maps Maps Land use--planning Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-240 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Midland-County_Comprehensive-Plan_1993 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gove Associates, Inc. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1993-04 Title A name given to the resource Midland County Comprehensive Plan Description An account of the resource The Midland County Comprehensive Plan of April 1993 was prepared by Gove Associates Inc. and is an update of the 1987 Midland County Comprehensive Plan. Subject The topic of the resource Master plan reports Midland County (Mich.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/870">Planning and Zoning Center Collection (RHC-240)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/a4d7cb87badc94cbecbb027ed371af3f.jpg aebdfb498add97ad57aaf3ca67f3468f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_Z034-0002a Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1985-09-01 Title A name given to the resource Midway Arcade, Salisbury Beach Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of Midway Arcade, located at Salisbury Beach’s Amusement Center in Salisbury, Massachusetts. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Arcades--Massachusetts--Salisbury Salisbury (Mass.) Salisbury (Mass. : Town) Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1980s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/a5dff455ef8e7d6df4be8799dbebf195.jpg 25c47c0ccb4b958ea00d27eb1f07d3d8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Naval Recognition Training Slides Subject The topic of the resource Slides Military education Airplanes, Military--Recognition Warships--Recognition World War, 1939-1945 Description An account of the resource Slides developed during World War II as a training tool, for top-side battle-station personnel on board ship and for all aircraft personnel, by the US Navy. In 1942 a Recognition School was established by the Navy at Ohio State University where the method of identification was developed. In 1943 the school was taken over by the US Navy. The importance of training in visual recognition of ships and aircraft became even more evident during World War II. Mistakes resulting in costly errors and loss of life led to an increased emphasis on recognition as a vital skill. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource United States. Navy Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides (RHC-50)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-04-04 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-50 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1943-1953 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="http://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides, RHC-50</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-50_652 Title A name given to the resource Midway Class US CVB large aircraft carrier Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource United States. Navy Description An account of the resource Midway Class US CVB large aircraft carrier, October 1, 1947. Subject The topic of the resource United States. Navy World War, 1939-1945 Military education Warships--Recognition Slides Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Naval recognition slides (RHC-50) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1947-10-01 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/e090d71ba304277b410b43ed055fe223.jpg 8d0eed69e2dd3b595ffd59d620a13628 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Naval Recognition Training Slides Subject The topic of the resource Slides Military education Airplanes, Military--Recognition Warships--Recognition World War, 1939-1945 Description An account of the resource Slides developed during World War II as a training tool, for top-side battle-station personnel on board ship and for all aircraft personnel, by the US Navy. In 1942 a Recognition School was established by the Navy at Ohio State University where the method of identification was developed. In 1943 the school was taken over by the US Navy. The importance of training in visual recognition of ships and aircraft became even more evident during World War II. Mistakes resulting in costly errors and loss of life led to an increased emphasis on recognition as a vital skill. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource United States. Navy Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides (RHC-50)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-04-04 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-50 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1943-1953 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="http://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides, RHC-50</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-50_648a Title A name given to the resource Midway class large aircraft carrier Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource United States. Navy Description An account of the resource Midway class US CVB (large aircraft carrier), October 1, 1947. Subject The topic of the resource United States. Navy Military education Warships--Recognition World War, 1939-1945 Slides Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Naval recognition slides (RHC-50) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1947-10-01 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/72ab0452a476257902a99485b0b23a98.jpg e1442894b6be5b513906424daf00e182 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Naval Recognition Training Slides Subject The topic of the resource Slides Military education Airplanes, Military--Recognition Warships--Recognition World War, 1939-1945 Description An account of the resource Slides developed during World War II as a training tool, for top-side battle-station personnel on board ship and for all aircraft personnel, by the US Navy. In 1942 a Recognition School was established by the Navy at Ohio State University where the method of identification was developed. In 1943 the school was taken over by the US Navy. The importance of training in visual recognition of ships and aircraft became even more evident during World War II. Mistakes resulting in costly errors and loss of life led to an increased emphasis on recognition as a vital skill. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource United States. Navy Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides (RHC-50)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-04-04 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-50 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1943-1953 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="http://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides, RHC-50</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-50_649 Title A name given to the resource Midway class large aircraft carrier Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource United States. Navy Description An account of the resource Midway class US CVB (large aircraft carrier), October 1, 1947. Subject The topic of the resource United States. Navy Military education Warships--Recognition World War, 1939-1945 Slides Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Naval recognition slides (RHC-50) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1947-10-01 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/ba0151ee1ddd00f56a0e14f6e4d102a5.jpg f87df888c7c15aa391f826783c469970 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Naval Recognition Training Slides Subject The topic of the resource Slides Military education Airplanes, Military--Recognition Warships--Recognition World War, 1939-1945 Description An account of the resource Slides developed during World War II as a training tool, for top-side battle-station personnel on board ship and for all aircraft personnel, by the US Navy. In 1942 a Recognition School was established by the Navy at Ohio State University where the method of identification was developed. In 1943 the school was taken over by the US Navy. The importance of training in visual recognition of ships and aircraft became even more evident during World War II. Mistakes resulting in costly errors and loss of life led to an increased emphasis on recognition as a vital skill. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource United States. Navy Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides (RHC-50)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-04-04 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-50 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1943-1953 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="http://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides, RHC-50</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-50_646 Title A name given to the resource Midway class, large aircraft carrier Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource United States. Navy Description An account of the resource Midway class, US CVB (large aircraft carrier), October 1, 1947. Subject The topic of the resource United States. Navy World War, 1939-1945 Military education Warships--Recognition Slides Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Naval recognition slides (RHC-50) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1947-10-01 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives