528 24 26018 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/01b54ea4beb2ecaad885b4528b2fe004.jpg 2fbf2b3d421b279acb5ce50f85b60da7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1980s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_001197 Title A name given to the resource Marching Band Drum Majors Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Description An account of the resource Marching Band, drum majors salute, 1984. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Grand Valley State College Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Marching bands Drum majors Music ensembles Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1984 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/e3dd5254f496451256fe85a15ba492d6.jpg 0f8873d245349d73717b3b8ce2785d77 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1970s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_001010 Title A name given to the resource Marching band flute and clarinet players. Description An account of the resource Marching band flute and clarinet players. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/8391ef508536edcdc5fef1f2e9257833.jpg 80cb48b8db0b0bb64b8980e9c4626d2b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1980s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_001187 Title A name given to the resource Marching Band group photo Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Description An account of the resource Marching Band, group photo in the stands, fall 1981. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Grand Valley State College Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Marching bands Music ensembles Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1981 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/fd74deb36d6675036ed02d4eca5cefd4.jpg 7c61370bf169b77372ed62f21a5bdbc6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1980s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_001194 Title A name given to the resource Marching Band in "GV" formation Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Description An account of the resource Marching Band in a "GV" formation on the field. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Grand Valley State College Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Marching bands Music ensembles Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/8c99772c1f222c9b7085779488797f85.jpg a01c7e06d32b6c02f86f205756e6edff Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1980s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_001192 Title A name given to the resource Marching Band in parade block Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Description An account of the resource Marching Band, parade block, 1989. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Grand Valley State College Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Marching bands Music ensembles Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1989 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/6065d7bfe36dd83de72c85657dcb36b9.jpg 9bdcaa0866d787f788a8ee74af146b00 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_001195 Title A name given to the resource Marching Band in parade block Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Description An account of the resource Marching Band, trumpets and trombones in parade block. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Grand Valley State College Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Marching bands Music ensembles Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/99b994b14d600c6f2c44d175034889b4.jpg 9bc5525bd82f097793a4f7311c5f5631 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1970s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000281 Title A name given to the resource Marching band in the stands Description An account of the resource Marching band in the stands at a Lakers football game. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Football Students Sports Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/9715ce564bc261730d38891023e9a605.jpg 0713da8674116b9c6fe1819ef4533f58 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1980s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_001011 Title A name given to the resource Marching band in the stands Description An account of the resource Marching band in the stands, September 29, 1989. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/7f29a5b4cc69876eb6347bf75b524482.jpg a6fec221c7a0f2d94890ce874e52c251 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_001198 Title A name given to the resource Marching Band in the stands Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Description An account of the resource Marching Band, in stands. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Grand Valley State College Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Marching bands Music ensembles Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/1fab6dc5278000d33b1176cc559a3033.jpg 90ada5d042862a5c112d86c361b4242a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1980s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000832 Title A name given to the resource Marching band member in the stands Description An account of the resource Marching band member in the stands, 1988. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Students Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/ca4ceb32d4ab4ed78e5e772adedc273c.jpg 6f2355091ec7ff944a362bab3fb87651 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1970s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_001012 Title A name given to the resource Marching band members outside of Kirkhof Center Description An account of the resource Marching band members outside of Kirkhof Center. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/f482100ea595091e60e112bd2027ee3a.jpg 11bb4df704ad3acbd322d5f07295e495 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1980s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_001189 Title A name given to the resource Marching Band on the field Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Description An account of the resource Marching Band, Trumpets high stepping on the field. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Grand Valley State College Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Marching bands Music ensembles Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/047da35716cb457b21dc764893d3d189.jpg cb5fbdb08c1ec439b1e9838e1a429f2d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1980s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_001200 Title A name given to the resource Marching Band on the field Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Description An account of the resource Marching Band on the field, 1980. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Grand Valley State College Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Marching bands Music ensembles Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1988 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/85b48d3dff682d578492e89d2d0ca47a.jpg d562909672f04418e92aa887cb48a18a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1970s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000279 Title A name given to the resource Marching band spelling out LAKERS on the football field Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Golland, Dave Description An account of the resource Marching band spelling out LAKERS on the football field at a GVSC v Franklin game. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Students Football Sports Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1979 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/dd3ede82bcf966e3620e9d5d3f27f2dd.jpg ae4aa7f6d566118ed340a04616301c40 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1970s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000280 Title A name given to the resource Marching band watching football game Description An account of the resource Marching band watching football game with the Laker's mascot. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Students Football Sports Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/92bec2f000b2f87c7efc385297848ef1.jpg 770c935c303a66d91f076dda934ed32f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1980s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_001191 Title A name given to the resource Marching Band with the Alumni Band Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Description An account of the resource Marching Band, with Alumni Band, 1982. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Grand Valley State College Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Alumni & alumnae Marching bands Music ensembles Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1982 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/72cdfdc1011821bc724977396e47d02c.jpg c8b222f248781be88bdad9c77d96f0d8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1980s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_001204 Title A name given to the resource Marching Band, Color Guard and Majorettes Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Description An account of the resource Marching Band, Color Guard and Majorettes on the field, 1984. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Grand Valley State College Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Marching bands Music ensembles Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1984 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/445d9eee3ff43444fafbc62e115b3351.mp4 70f24478c72a6d6f368dba8a7676db4b https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/41fd411b327926d4c9e6fa22a08deb4a.pdf 26410adfc8510213a04e92ddb237a864 PDF Text Text William James College Interviews GV016-16 Interviewer: Barbara Roos Interviewee: Margaret Proctor Date: 1984 Part: 1 of 2 [Barbara] Is there any way we can talk about that briefly? When did we close the college? [Proctor] Now wait a minute, though. See I didn't have this information on the funeral and the commune now. Is that being brought in some other way? [Barbara] Yeah, yeah. I was… okay I want to ask a different question then. When we closed the college… [Proctor] Yeah [Barbara] When the college closed, some people have said that we – the faculty – should have fought the closing. Do you agree with that? [Proctor] I don't know, I think we fought it. I don't know, if… I went to the President, other people went individually, maybe we should have done something as a group. I don't think it would've made any difference. I think we did fight it. I mean, I don't know. We sent off… we tried as best we could to work, you might say, somewhat within the system to change it. I remember Robert, we had a whole about a tenpage memo to whatever committee it was on campus trying to explain why the new divisional structure wasn't good. I think we talked to people, there was lobbying going on. I don't know that they could've done much more. [Barbara] Let's stop and I just want to take the tape. If you were going to join another alternative college modeled on what William James was, is there anything based on the experiences that you've had here that's central – that you would like, that you think should be done differently – to give a better education experience? In other words, is there some way we were weak that we should've been remedied? Do you think? Is there anything? [Proctor] Sometimes – here’s my traditional background showing – there wasn't enough rigor in the courses. I don't know how you get at that, though, without making standard requirements. I'm not sure you can get at it. I think it's an atmosphere created in the faculty. And I think things were getting better over time. I think there was more of that at the beginning, and I think things were getting better. I think that faculty has to have a sense among themselves, not just individually, but as a group that we're going to require this, and this, and this. And I think by �the time the college closed we were as a group. There might have been a few that weren't, but we were. That was the main thing I saw that was a problem, and about solved itself by the time the college closed. I can't think of anything else major that is worth mentioning. [Barbara] Can you talk a little bit of the flip side of that? What was most valuable in the James experience? What- what worked best? [Proctor] What worked best? Designing your own study plan, I would say. Maybe because I saw all those study plans. And see, a lot of the students we had were rebellious. And a lot of students are rebellious now I bet still, only they're keeping it down more and so they just don't learn as much. They sit in the courses, and they go through routine, and they get C’s or B’s or something, but anyway that's another issue maybe. And I don't think they would have gone to college or they would have learned as much, certainly, if they had to take Sociology 101, okay? Now, at William James they didn't have to take Sociology 101, they had to… they knew that they had to have something to educate them broadly about people in the world, and people outside their own little narrow group. So that seemed more reasonable to them. It wasn't Sociology 101, and they worked with their adviser, and they came up with the course, and they got in the course, and they really enjoyed it. "Oh, this is interesting,” they would say to themselves. And they had chosen the course in consultation with the adviser, but they had really chosen it. So, then they'd say, "Oh this is interesting" and they get into the course, and they learn the stuff. They were really got excited about it and they'd read about it outside the course. I want to say one thing in here. I think there may be an impression that there's very few kind of "super William James students" who did beautifully and maybe the majority kind of just squeaked by and had a mediocre education. I don't think so. I think this experience of really making their own education and doing well is true for more than half the students. Of really going beyond what they had to do and learning more than they would. I’ve said that in other contexts, but it wasn't just a few super students that gave an image to the college of this thing – it was a lot of students. Again, I came across this in the study plan. Study plan after study plan, I would read like this and oh courses in the Arab world and they took a Shakespeare course here, and they were, I don't know, a computer major here, they had a Shake… oh my golly! And they chose these on their own and it was very impressive. Yeah, I think you asked me what worked well. I think I answered that already. Let me see if I can… [Barbara] I'm unhappy with… Probably the earlier part is alright, but that little clicking means it might not come across the head smoothly. Yeah, it fixed it. I fixed it! [Proctor] Yay! [Barbara] Okay, let’s do rigor. [Laughter] �[Proctor] You better ask me the question, or I won't be able to answer. [Laughter] [Barbara] If we could recreate William James tomorrow, what…was there anything that we should do differently this time around? [Proctor] Well, I think that we did pretty… I think by the time the college closed we were just about where we wanted to be. I wouldn't say perfect, but in the earlier… when I first came, I think that we didn't have enough rigor in some of the courses. There wasn’t enough… I think we were liable… right on everybody whether they liked… you know, everybody could say that the… let me start the whole thing over! I did better the first time. Goddamn it! Why is it when you say something first and then you try and say it again you can't get it? Anyway, I think some of the courses should have had more rigor. I think we were liable to that criticism and sometimes that was justified. There wasn't required of the students so they could get through without learning very much in some courses. No, the idea that students can take whatever they want, do whatever they want, and I don't think that necessarily produces a good education. And that was more a stereotype of us than it was the truth. I think that wasn’t as true by the time the college closed. I think what it takes is the… I don't think you can enforce it. I mean, you can say: "All the faculty members have to give two exams every term or three papers." And what's that going to produce? The faculty member doesn't have to grade the exams or look at the papers, and they can be hogwash. You can't enforce that in that way. I think it has to be a feeling among the faculty – in the community of faculty – that we're going to have hard requirements and courses. Certain requirements and courses, and a lot of rigor in the courses. And I think if you have that it'll work. And if you don't have it, even if you have all these other requirements or assume that everybody's going to give exams and all, then that's not going to work either. But I think by the time the college closed we had that, I think, with very few exceptions. I mean, there were a few courses here and there, but the fact that… and that changed in the years I was here. Faculty were getting a sense of we'd maybe allowed students, I would say, actually allowed students too much freedom to do only what they wanted in the classes and found that they aren't learning enough and now we're tightening up, and we're saying, "No, you've got to do more work in this class, or you don't get credit for the class." And I think by the time… yeah, anyway. [Barbara] What about the other question? I have managed to absolutely space out. Let’s see if I can remember where I was. What was it? [Proctor] My memory is going. [Barbara] Oh, damn? Where did it go? �[Proctor] What should we have done differently? No. Oh, Barbara, this is terrible. Don't tell me your memory is going. [Barbara] Oh! Fighting, fighting, fighting! [Proctor] Oh, thank you! Should we have fought more. I think the faculty did fight. I went to see the President about it, I made an appointment with the President. And a lot of people did that. I know, I found out later that many had done that. We had that long thing Robert Mayberry mostly drafted. Ten-page thing to the committee on why the reorganization was not good, and why we should have the individual colleges. And we did fight, you know, in an organized group way. We didn't go marching around. I don't think that would've been any more effective. I don't… I think it just would of alienated us from people. I think, frankly, Robert and a few others were in… if anybody was going to persuade other faculty administrators, it was going to be Robert and a few others in their way. And they did the best they could. And they fought the whole way, in their way, which was the way that was going to work – if anything was going to work – and it didn’t work. And I think we fought as much as we could. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource William James College Interviews Description An account of the resource Videotaped interviews of William James College faculty, students and administrators by Barbara Roos. William James College opened in 1971 as the third baccalaureate degree granting college for Grand Valley. It was originally designed to be an interdisciplinary, non-departmentalized college consisting of concentration programs, rather than majors. Curriculum was organized around three concentrations that were meant to be interdisciplinary career preparation offerings: Social Relations, Administration and Information Management, and Environmental Studies. The college was discontinued in 1983 during a reorganization of Grand Valley. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1984 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/69">William James College faculty and student interviews (GV016-16)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Universities and colleges Oral histories Alternative education Interdisciplinary approach in education Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Roos, Barbara (Interviewer) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV016-16 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Language A language of the resource eng Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV016-16_GVSU_56_Proctor Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Proctor, Margaret Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1984 Title A name given to the resource Margaret Proctor interview (1 of 2, video and transcript) Description An account of the resource Interview with Margaret Proctor by Barbara Roos, documenting the history of Grand Valley State's William James College. William James College was the third baccalaureate degree granting college for Grand Valley. It was originally designed to be an interdisciplinary, non-departmentalized college consisting of concentration programs, rather than majors. The college opened in 1971 and was discontinued in 1983 during a reorganization of Grand Valley State. Dr. Margaret Proctor was a faculty member of William James College and a longtime communications professor at GVSU. In this interview, she discusses the faculty's reactions and efforts regarding the closing of William James College, in addition to her thoughts on the college's strengths and weaknesses. This interview is part 1 of 2 for Margaret Proctor. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Roos, Barbara (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Universities and colleges Oral histories Alternative education Women in higher education Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/69">William James College faculty and student interviews (GV016-16)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/06bb48251d361d6f6b04cfd819be3557.mp4 8d813da1e92fef375f3809556aade9d2 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/6c7906d6d0ef0dc1361dba6e848e1c73.pdf 78ff12cc35ee6de93d1d935ed3a90f2c PDF Text Text William James College Interviews GV016-16 Interviewer: Barbara Roos Interviewee: Margaret Proctor Date: 1984 Part: 2 of 2 [Barbara] Let’s get started. If you had to sum up the essence of William James College in a sentence or two, what would you pull out of it? [Proctor] Well, there are two things really. I guess a liberal education for a practical world and that doesn't really say it very well. I think the liberal education is extremely important and for graduates I've talked to it was and it made them much broader and better workers in the real world. And that combined with the – you might say – more practical, real life education they got here was really what it's about. And the two were not separate because the liberal fed into the practical. And the other thing would be the sense of community. Which I think helped, well, more than helped, it was part of the education and made them able to go out into the world and be entitled, as Barry Castro used that term. I was going to talk about that more in another question, though. But the sense of community. [Barbara] Have you had any feedback from people who have gone out in the world and have been so disturbed by the lack of community out in the world that they’ve, essentially, blown their education? Have you ever had that? [Proctor] No, I haven't. I keep hearing that that must happen. I haven't had that from anybody. [Barbara] Would you talk about the liberal education aspect of James and the liberal studies program now. Is that a direct outgrowth but what's the difference? [Proctor] It is a direct outgrowth. It really is. When we knew that James was going to close… I was talking with Barry Castro in the hall, and he said, "Why don't we get a bunch of people on campus – James people, but other people on campus – who’d be interested in liberal studies." We had a liberal studies major, you see, at the time he said, "Why can't we keep the liberal studies major going?" Well, actually, I'm not sure he even said the major. We got together… let me back here. Let me back up. [Barbara] Yeah. Start the question again. [Proctor] Okay. �[Barbara] Start it again. [Proctor] It is a direct outgrowth of James. Not of the liberal studies program, per se, but of James. Let me start over again. I need to figure out how I'm going to start this. It really is a direct outgrowth of the James idea of a liberal education. We had a Liberal Studies major here already, but that wasn't the main thing. What happened is by chance. Barry Castro and I started talking in the hall one day and he said, 'Why don't we get together a liberal studies committee and keep liberal studies – liberal education – going at Grand Valley. Not using just James people, but other people on campus who support a broad liberal education." So, he came up with some names out of what was going to be the divisions. And we said, "Hey, yeah, Bill Balm. Hey, yeah, this person and that person. Hey, yeah." And so, we just handpicked the committee. [Laughter] And I don't know how… that's right, I chaired the liberal studies program here, so I happened to chair it. And we called up the people and just said, "Do you want to meet?" And we met. I said, "We want to keep this program going." They wanted to keep it going and we started meeting. We had about fifteen people, twenty people. And it started to get kind of official because it became clear after talking to Glenn that we could keep the problem going. He did want to keep going. And so, the committee got cut down in size for a while, and now it's back up to what it was because we decided it was too small. But what happened, as it turns out, there's a lot of people at Grand Valley – not the majority, but a lot of people – who really do want this kind of education. And they were tucked in out there in the various departments and a very fine bunch of people. I think if we tried to do it with only James people it wouldn't have worked because it would've been seen as a James thing. And now this thing is firmly in place. There's a William James synoptic speaker every year, through the Liberal Studies program, there's Liberal Studies majors from all over the campus. The various people in their departments kind of find people who want to have a little broader education than just the narrow. And they take a certain number of courses maybe in that major. But, for instance, in business. Barry recruits them like crazy in business. A number of people who want to get the business courses but don't want a very strict business major and have some broader interests. He says, "Well, maybe a Liberal Studies major is the thing for you." And they get an individualized program, and a very broad program, and they get their business courses, too. And it's working. There's not tons of students in it, but it's working, and the faculty are working together. It's going very well. [Barbara] It sounds wonderful. [Proctor] Yeah, it is! [Barbara] I'm envious. �[Proctor] [Laughter] I made sure I stayed on the committee. I wouldn't let anybody kick me off after Steve Rowe became chairman. It's one of the more… actually, I consider it one of the most important things around here. I really am excited about it. [Barbara] Does this at all actually go into the discussion you wanted to have about study plans? [Proctor] Yes. One thing that struck me at William James… the thing I was worried about most with the breakup of William James was that the education of the students would become very compartmentalized. And they would take a course in sociology, and a course in history, and a course in mathematics, and they'd study for the exam, and ten weeks later, two weeks later, it would be gone, and they'd get out, and they wouldn't connect the things. And they would think that the major, especially with the tone in the United States now, they would think the major was the only important thing and the rest was just, kind of, you had to take it. And you see as Liberal Studies [?], I had read an awful lot of study plans. And after about a year of reading them I realized, too, you know, what a traditional education looks like having had one, and knowing what the distribution requirement was in CAS at the time. And I remember telling people at the time, after about a year of reading study plans, I remember getting very excited saying, "My golly, some people…" The idea is, maybe, that this college has too much individualized instruction, people take what they want only, and they're too narrow, and they take only subject courses in their major, very technical subjects and they end up with too technical an education at William James. That's just not true. And my estimate, you know, very rough, was that two thirds of the students get a broader education than they would – a more interesting education, in terms of the types of course they took – than they would let’s say in CAS, or a traditional distribution where… because I actually looked at the number of credits they were taking in Liberal Studies and at least two thirds of the cases they were more beyond the requirement. Which was already higher, I think, than CAS. But they didn't just take what they had to take, like, they knew they had, if they were a media major, they didn't think: "Oh I have to take a course in sociology, so I'll take media in society just to get by." They didn't do that. They would take, maybe, two or three courses in sociology or resembling that, or something about the Arab World, or a lot of totally unconnected things. And they would get… you could tell they would get interested in these things and would pursue them for a while. Several courses in other fields unrelated, supposedly, unrelated to their own. And I got very excited in reading these study plans. I would say a third of them were really good – that type I've been talking about. Another third were better than the CAS equivalent. Another third were kind of just… they were the ones who wanted to squeak by. So, you know, but I was impressed and I think that was a loss that we don't have that anymore. [Barbara] I know you made a reference, just now, to the fact that you had quite a traditional �education yourself. Let me just change the shot here, sorry. And I was wondering how you came to be teaching at such an untraditional kind of place. [Proctor] Well [laughter] it was by accident. I met Robert Mayberry on a Greyhound bus and there was only a window seat available, and Robert Mayberry doesn't like to sit by the window I found out later. He doesn't like airplanes either. Anyway, there was one window seat on the whole bus, and I asked if I could have it and the gentleman next to me said, "Fine." So, he was reading a book on wines and I was interested in that and I had pulled out an article on oral literature in Africa and he kind of looked over my shoulder and he was interested in that. So, we got talking and he said that he taught at Grand Valley and… actually he didn't say, he said he taught at William James College. And I said, "Oh" and we got talking about that and I was teaching in Chicago at the time. We got talking about black English, which I been studying, and he said, Why don't you come up and talk to us?" Because I had started to look for jobs in this area. And I said, "Fine." So, I came up and talked and that was an informal interview, and then there was a formal interview. And there I was. So, kind of by accident. I would've accepted a traditional job in this area if it had come about. My husband was teaching at Hope College at the time. I ended up here and I didn't have any problem coming here, the teaching is the main thing to me. And the working with the students, and some sense of community I wanted. I didn't want just isolation from everybody. But I had no problem coming here; I didn't feel any problems. And there was one thing that happened, I remember, in the interview. I remember saying to Adrian at the time, that I would accept a job except that I wanted her to realize that I wouldn't be here twenty-four hours a day, as some of the people seem to be. That was a time I think of transition in the college where it had been very intensive and people had been putting their whole lives into the college, there were divorces, there were all kinds of problems. And I could see that in some of the people that interviewed me, that they wanted that commitment and I told her straight up front, "If you want to hire me, I won't make that. I will be here the four or five days a week, but I have a family and I'm not going to mess that up, and I don't want to anyway. It's not me to be." So that aspect. But then after I came, people seemed to be, you might say, moving my right direction. I'm not saying because of me, but there was a move away from the totally intensive, twenty-four hour a day, seven day a week thing. That was the only thing that might have kept me from taking the job. Once here I was very comfortable. I had no… I think part of what made a difference, I think, in my own education – probably in high school and in college, certainly in elementary school – I had a sense of community with the people I was being educated with and with the teachers. Not as much in graduate school, but certainly in college. And that's what was important about William James. And I think wasn't as true in the larger Grand Valley and in a lot of more traditional big schools. I had gone to a small school and I wasn’t actually always part of the community of my small school, but I knew it existed and in the long run I am. I think… well the other thing is more an �answer to another question. I don't know if you want to get into that now, Barbara. [Barbara] Well, I don't know what you are about to say. [Laughter] [Proctor] Well, okay, I'll get into it now and then we can do it over if you want. Where are we here? I think the sense of community – well I mentioned it earlier – is one of the things... [Barbara] Okay, start that over. [Proctor] Start that over. Okay. I think the sense of community – which I realized only after a few years James – is extremely important to the education. Because Barry Castro came up with a term for it, he came up with the term, "entitlement," where students come in and instead of receiving an education from the professor… [phone rings] I think I'll leave the phone… instead of receiving an education from the professor, they… well, I'll answer it. It's bothering me, I can't go on. Margret Proctor? Yes. [Proctor] Go ahead. [Barbara] Okay, let me make sure my framing… oh, it's still beautiful. [Proctor] Okay. [Barbara] Just go ahead. [Proctor] Well, anyway, how I happen… why I seem to fit in here, I think – or had no problem, even came to like it much better than a traditional college – was the sense of community. And I realized after about a year here that I had had that in my education; a sense of community. And that, maybe, a lot of the students who normally come to a school like Grand Valley don't because they're of a different social class, different group, different… they're outsiders, they're not part of the of the academic world, or even the professional world. And they're coming here to receive an education from the professor and to go out and try and get a good job. But what I had had in elementary school, and in high school, and in college… I went to a small college, Wellesley College, it was a fairly small college. I wasn't totally part of that Wellesley community, but I did afterwards, years afterwards, I knew that it wasn't just the information and the courses I learned, but because the professors there saw me as someone who would become like them. Not a professor, necessarily, but was of their same group. Was an intellectual equal, or almost anyway, something on the… where there was a real conversation going on. And I had that in high school, pretty much in elementary school, I'd been part of the group you might say. And after a while here and after having taught in �Chicago, too, at a ghetto college, essentially, where that was not so true. Where the faculty, though many tried, there wasn't a concerted effort by the faculty. Although individuals tried, there wasn't a concerted effort by the faculty to make it a place of community. But this place gave students the opportunity to become part of the mainstream, you might say. The main… people who are going to go out… and Barry Castro used the term “entitlement” or “entitled.” They would become those who were expected. Yes, you are on an equal basis with us, intellectually, at least you know you don't know as much, but you're learning, and you will go out and do these things. You're becoming part almost of a different social class. I think of it in class terms, actually. You're changing social class. And I saw that in students and I’ve talked to them since graduation. And that did happen very drastically with them. And I just know it wouldn't have happened with a traditional education. They might have dropped out of it, they might've stayed with it and gotten low level jobs and been bored. And many, many students – the ones for whom this education was most successful – are the ones who became part of the William James community. And with faculty and other students, were changed – their lives were changed. They didn't just get courses that taught them information, their lives were changed. And I hadn't had such a drastic change in my own life because I was already part of that when I was born, you might say, or the way I was brought up. But for them it was very moving. It was a change. It was a change. [Barbara] I'm going to stop you for a minute because the tape will run out within the next minute and I don't want to be in the middle of a… � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource William James College Interviews Description An account of the resource Videotaped interviews of William James College faculty, students and administrators by Barbara Roos. William James College opened in 1971 as the third baccalaureate degree granting college for Grand Valley. It was originally designed to be an interdisciplinary, non-departmentalized college consisting of concentration programs, rather than majors. Curriculum was organized around three concentrations that were meant to be interdisciplinary career preparation offerings: Social Relations, Administration and Information Management, and Environmental Studies. The college was discontinued in 1983 during a reorganization of Grand Valley. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1984 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/69">William James College faculty and student interviews (GV016-16)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Universities and colleges Oral histories Alternative education Interdisciplinary approach in education Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Roos, Barbara (Interviewer) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV016-16 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Language A language of the resource eng Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV016-16_GVSU_58_Proctor Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Proctor, Margaret Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1984 Title A name given to the resource Margaret Proctor interview (2 of 2, video and transcript) Description An account of the resource Interview with Margaret Proctor by Barbara Roos, documenting the history of Grand Valley State's William James College. William James College was the third baccalaureate degree granting college for Grand Valley. It was originally designed to be an interdisciplinary, non-departmentalized college consisting of concentration programs, rather than majors. The college opened in 1971 and was discontinued in 1983 during a reorganization of Grand Valley State. Dr. Margaret Proctor was a faculty member of William James College and a longtime communications professor at GVSU. In this interview, she discusses the essence of William James College, the continued importance of liberal education at Grand Valley, and the chance encounter that led to her faculty position within the college. This interview is part 2 of 2 for Margaret Proctor. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Roos, Barbara (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Universities and colleges Oral histories Alternative education Women in higher education Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/69">William James College faculty and student interviews (GV016-16)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/2f9f00106964adbff88d9587f9e4e4b7.jpg d46c27574cb10a6d72523eb07dc2aef3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Decorated Publishers' Bindings Subject The topic of the resource Book covers Covers (Illustration) Graphic arts Publishers and publishing Pictorial bindings Description An account of the resource From the early 1870s to roughly 1930, many publishers issued their commercial book covers with a remarkable variety of graphic designs and illustrations. This sixty-year period saw many artists and designers contributing to this art form. While some can be identified from their style or initials, others remain unknown. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Michigan Novels Collection Regional Historical Collection Lincoln and the Civil War Collection Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-08-30 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>, <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-01 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source Seidman Rare Books. PS1054.B62 M37 1909 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-01_Bindings0430 Title A name given to the resource Margarita's Soul: The Romantic Recollections of a Man of Fifty Description An account of the resource Binding of Margarita's Soul: The Romantic Recollections of a Man of Fifty, by Ingraham Lovell, published by John Lane Company, 1909. Subject The topic of the resource Book covers Covers (Illustration) Graphic arts Publishers and publishing Pictorial bindings Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/68159f574f1a2a15260bd09a77d6aa7f.jpg f0f4c80a0e6864d258c19f918b22f400 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MargulisStephen Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Margulis, Stephen Description An account of the resource Stephen Margulis, Facilities Management Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College teachers Universities and colleges – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/6ad3e0505650b9825505fa9567dc40a5.jpg c48a139726e14a23c009de5a587e024e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1980s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_001199 Title A name given to the resource Marhcing Band flutes and piccolos Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Description An account of the resource Marching Band, Flutes and Piccolos, 1988. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Grand Valley State College Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Marching bands Music ensembles Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1988 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/930c26d3cf1e493692272dc2fc3d2d17.jpg f3e8a4e2281cb8269b3669fdac45ec4e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1970s Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1976-03-08 Title A name given to the resource Mari Frost, as Princess Gloriana, surrounded by children at Cummings School Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_001718 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Description An account of the resource Children rush to meet actors after the Grand Valley CAS Theater show, "Box With Three Locks." The touring children's play has been designed, performed, and managed by the students, and has been presented to more than 3,000 children in Ottawa and Kent counties. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Students College theater Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In copyright - Non-commercial use permitted.</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives 1970s black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c087142da5a69e3c13e7c14990ea6dcd.pdf b2dbbbacfc64bf7ca2c38ad76da2f9be PDF Text Text Young Lords In Lincoln Park Interviewee: Maria Aviles Interviewers: Jose Jimenez Location: Grand Valley State University Special Collections Date: 9/27/2018 Runtime: 01:01:38 Biography and Description Maria Isabel de la Torre (maiden name), Maria Isabel Aviles (married name), was born in Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico. She arrived in the US in 1954 to Rochester, NY, and migrated to Chicago in 1958. Her parents were Josephina Davila Vazquez and Victor Manuel de la Torre. They remained in Puerto Rico. She is one of four siblings which lived at 625 W. Webster in the Lincoln Park Neighborhood for about eight years. The family then moved to the Lake View area. Her work experience included administrative work with medical records, hospital admissions and translation (10 years); and retail. She became the co-owner of Gaslight with her husband Wilfredo, and also retired in 2008. Maria is the proud mother of four accomplished children. She describes the abundance of local dances all over Lincoln Park and the adjacent Lakeview neighborhood which was the same barrio for Latinos that stretched from North Avenue to Irving Park and between Clark Street to Racine in the late 1950’s and 1960’s. �Transcript JOSE JIMINEZ: Just start with your name, the date you were born, and where you were born. MARIA AVILES: My name is Maria Aviles. I was born 11/21/47. I’m from Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico. JJ: Okay. And who were your parents? MA: My mother was Josephina [Bache?] Davila. My father, Victor Manuel de la Torre. JJ: de la Torre? MA: Mmm-hmm. JJ: And how many -- MA: (Spanish)? [00:00:32] JJ: (Spanish)? [00:00:33] MA: I have one brother, the youngest. I’m the oldest. There’s five of us. JJ: What’s your brother’s name? MA: Alan. We call him [Papo?]. You know how that is. Papo. JJ: With the nicknames, yeah. Okay. MA: And then after me is another -- there’s three girls and one boy and myself. JJ: Right. And what’s your name? MA: Okay. [00:01:00] I’m the oldest, and it’s Maria de los Angeles. My mother named us. Then, there’s Yvonne, Marie, Josephine, and Alan. JJ: Maria de los Angeles. So your mother named you (Spanish). [00:01:13] MA: I guess, yeah. (Spanish) [00:01:16] Maria de los Angeles. 1 �JJ: (Spanish)? [00:01:21] MA: (Spanish). [00:01:24] I don’t know. Don’t ask me why. JJ: Oh, don’t ask you why? Okay. MA: I find that a little silly, but that was her wish, you know. JJ: She wanted everybody to be Mary? MA: Yeah, Mary, but we all have nicknames too. I’m Betty. (laughs) JJ: Okay, you’re Betty. MA: From Maria, I went to Betty. And then my sister has a very odd name. Her nickname is [Changele?]. Never heard of it. Then, the next one -- well, no, Yvonne has always stayed with her same name. Then, Josephine is Cookie, and then my brother, Alan -- he’s Papo, so [00:02:00] you know how... JJ: So (Spanish) --? [00:02:03] MA: It doesn’t matter. JJ: Okay. But Maria? MA: Maria, (Spanish) [00:02:08] because everybody, you know... JJ: Okay. So, Maria, did you say what year you came? MA: Oh, lord, that’s gonna be a little hard. I came to -- JJ: (inaudible) MA: -- Rochester, New York first. I was about six years old, and -- JJ: So what year was that about? MA: (laughs) In the ’50s. JJ: In the ’50s? MA: I would say, yeah. 2 �JJ: Fifty-two, ’53? MA: Yeah. I was six, so yeah. JJ: Yeah, you were born ’47, so I would think ’53? MA: But Rochester, New York -- there was hardly any Latinos. There were no Puerto Ricans. It was a very close-knit community ’cause there were hardly any Puerto Ricans, so when I went to school, I didn’t know the [00:03:00] language. And it was horrible, that I remember. JJ: So you spoke only Spanish when you came? MA: At that time, yeah. I mean, I’d go to school, and the kids would steal my lunch, (laughs) and I couldn’t say anything. And then we went to a Catholic school, and the nuns were not very nice. You know, they expected you to speak the language. How could I speak a language if I wasn’t, you know, there to speak it? And then also, I always remember I was the -- after I learned the language, I always had to go with my mom to the doctor so we can translate and, you know - JJ: So you were the translator? MA: Right, mm-hmm. Correct. JJ: So your mother didn’t speak anything? MA: At that time, no. You know, the kids learned it faster, and there were -- JJ: So you were the translator. MA: -- no bilingual schools either. JJ: You just needed somebody to translate it, you know. MA: You wouldn’t find anybody that spoke Spanish in Rochester, New York. 3 �JJ: So how long did you live in Rochester? MA: Oh, I would say about two years [00:04:00] maybe -- JJ: Two years? MA: -- then I came to Chicago. JJ: Okay. So the nuns -- you had a problem with them, or they had a problem. MA: With us, yeah. JJ: And then -- MA: We came to Chicago. JJ: -- you were the translator for your mother, and then you came -- MA: But then she learned the language when I -- JJ: So why did you come to Chicago? MA: ’Cause they wanted a better life and, like I said, almost all my mother’s family lived here, aunts and uncles, you know. ’Cause in Rochester, we didn’t have anybody. JJ: Okay. So where did you live when you came to Chicago? MA: We lived on Lincoln Avenue. JJ: Okay, you came straight to Lincoln Avenue? MA: Yeah, I remember the -- JJ: And that was about what, ’53, you said? Fifty-four? MA: Yeah, it could be, or maybe, you know, a little later, ’55. I was in fourth grade, so maybe, yeah. But the thing was we lived in a one-room apartment. JJ: On Lincoln Avenue? MA: On Lincoln Avenue. 4 �JJ: And what other street? MA: [00:05:00] Oh, God, what is that? JJ: Were you on Halsted, or...? MA: Near Clark? Does -- JJ: Okay, Lincoln and up there by Clark. MA: Near there. I don’t know if you remember Augustana Hospital. Many moons ago, that hospital -- I don’t know if you know -- JJ: Where was Augustana? Was that -- MA: It used to be. JJ: -- closer to...? MA: It’s no longer. It was somewhere near Lincoln Avenue, I remember, Augustana. JJ: And was it closer to [Bell?] Lake? MA: Pardon me? JJ: Was it by the lake? MA: Almost, yeah, I would say, because my mother -- after we settled, we used to go to -- JJ: Oh, no, Lincoln Avenue. Augustana’s over by Armitage. MA: Okay, how, you know -- JJ: Sedgwick and Armitage. MA: Right, around there. JJ: By Old Town, okay. MA: Right. And from there, we moved to -- at that time, it was a rented apartment with furniture. 5 �JJ: Yeah, you were right around Armitage. You were over there on Clark. You said Clark, right? MA: Yeah. Then, we moved to [00:06:00] 625 West Webster; Lincoln and Webster and Halsted. Webster was the street. JJ: And this was in the ’50s? MA: Yeah, ’50s. Then, I went to Lincoln School on -- I don’t know if you remember that. JJ: Yeah, I know where that school is. MA: And then I went to Saint Clement’s Catholic Church. JJ: I don’t know where that’s at [or by?]. MA: Well, there was hardly -- I used to walk on my own, but when my -- JJ: So you told us the school. You went kinda fast. You need water? MA: No, that’s okay. JJ: And don’t worry, you can stop at any -- MA: No, we went to Lincoln School. That was mainly where I graduated eighth grade, and then I went to [Waller?] from -- JJ: So if we could kind of backtrack a little bit, what do you remember of Lincoln School? MA: Well, again, there were a lot of Latinos [00:07:00] at that time ’cause Webster and Halsted was all Latinos at that time. We used to go to St. Vincent de Paul Church. DePaul University had a basketball -- I don’t know if it’s still there. JJ: Yeah, it’s still there. 6 �MA: And my girlfriend and I, when we were in high school -- almost every Friday, they had a game. We’d go there just to go, you know what I mean? A girl thing. Once I turned 15, 16, we had a routine. Friday, we’d do a little shopping. We’d go dancing on Saturday, and Sunday, we’d go to (Spanish) [00:07:41] or San Juan Theatre. See, nobody remembers those. JJ: No, I remember the San Juan. MA: No, I was saying, you know, I think that should’ve been left alone, the San Juan. JJ: So you and your friend went to that. Were there other friends, any particular friends? MA: Oh, yeah, we all had -- [00:08:00] and my sisters -- JJ: Were they Spanish? MA: We all got together on the bus -- JJ: Were they Spanish too? MA: Oh, yeah, (Spanish). [00:08:04] JJ: (Spanish)? [00:08:05] MA: Yes. JJ: Okay. So did you guys go to the YMCA too or anything to the dances? MA: Well, once in a while -- when I went to those dances, they invited us. But mainly, my sister -- that’s me, her -- JJ: ’Cause that was a different crowd. It seemed very different. MA: Right. We used to go a lot to -- oh, God, what’s the name of that -- Northwest Hall. JJ: Oh, yeah, I remember Northwest Hall. 7 �MA: Northwest Hall and Crystal Ballroom. JJ: Oh, the Crystal -- okay, I remember -- WILFREDO AVILES: I remember it. JJ: -- it now. (laughter) You remember it? I didn’t know if -- MA: He was in the service, so -- JJ: Oh, don’t say that. MA: I don’t wanna tell you the story. One time, I called the men, and they told me he was somewhere else. I said, “I’m not sitting at home,” [00:09:00] so my -- JJ: I [would?] go from Washington over to Northwest Hall. MA: Yeah, Northwest Hall -- JJ: Yeah, we used to go before that. MA: -- Crystal Ballroom. JJ: The Crystal Ballroom. MA: Those were the two ones. JJ: Those were the main places? Okay. MA: Right, and St. Michael’s. JJ: Yeah, and St. Michael’s. MA: And you know what? As women, we could get on the bus. No one bothered you. We all got on the bus and went to the dances all the way to North Avenue from Webster -- think about the trip -- all of us all decked out. We danced with everybody. It was very respectful. We didn’t look at the guy. If he was big, little -- you know, we just danced. We had a good time -- JJ: ’Cause there were a lot of dances at that -- 8 �MA: -- and then we went back home on the bus. That was it. JJ: ’Cause there were a lot of dances -- MA: Right. JJ: -- at that time. What year was it? MA: Oh, God -- JJ: About? MA: -- the ’60s. JJ: The ’60s. Sixty-one? MA: Sixty-two, maybe. JJ: Sixty-three? MA: No, that was grammar school. WA: Sixty-five. JJ: Sixty-five. MA: Sixty-five, around there, yeah. JJ: Sixty-five. MA: When we were in high school. And, you know, there was no -- JJ: This -- MA: -- IDs for drinks. [00:10:00] We didn’t drink, but I don’t remember anyone ever asking us for an ID, you know, never. When we went to the clubs, it was -- JJ: What kind of music? MA: Oh, salsa, merengue, you know. That’s what we -- JJ: No English music? MA: No, not at that time. 9 �JJ: Never? MA: I used to do the English at school when they had high school dances at Walter, or the YMCA. JJ: But you went with your friends to the Spanish dances? MA: Right. JJ: And it was the Crystal -- MA: And then also, I had a girlfriend, Lydia [Laboy?]. I don’t know if you know -- JJ: Oh, Lydia, yes. MA: Laboy and her -- JJ: The Laboy family. MA: We used to go to dances a lot together, mm-hmm, and then we’d go to the Spanish. And then when they had the Christmas dances at school -- we did both. JJ: Did you go to the -- there was dances at -- where was that [one?]? The Imperial Aces and Queens had dances on Dayton. WA: Imperial Aces? JJ: In the basement. Remember The Imperial? That was (Spanish) [00:10:59] were part of that. MA: That? [00:11:00] No. They were younger to me. WA: Yeah, I don’t know them. JJ: But I mean, they were a club by that time. MA: No, I never -- JJ: So St. Vincent is a different crowd? 10 �MA: Right. JJ: Different kind of crowd. That was not a club. WA: St. Vincent had -- JJ: But I’m just saying that there were dances at the church on [Clark and?] -- MA: Oh, yeah, we went to the church dances. JJ: And there was another place on Webster. MA: Mm-hmm. We got married there, [Swiss Hall?]. JJ: Was it Swiss Hall? MA: Yes, sir. JJ: That was the name of the [venue?]? WA: It used to be a donut shop or something. JJ: That’s right, Clyde’s Donuts, yeah. MA: My mother worked at Clyde’s. JJ: That was the donuts they used to give us every day. (laughter) WA: [That was the old days?]. MA: See, all my family lived on Webster. My aunt lived on one floor. My mother lived on another floor. Next door was my other aunt. You know, everybody lived there. JJ: By Clark? MA: No, Webster near -- WA: Right, that’s -- MA: -- Waller High School. JJ: Oh, by Waller. 11 �WA: Lincoln, maybe. MA: Yeah, Lincoln. WA: Lincoln and Webster. JJ: Lincoln and Webster, right around there? MA: Yeah, and my mother worked at Grant Hospital. [00:12:00] Yeah, she worked there. I have a lot of memories. And then she would take us to North Avenue Beach. That was the spot to all the Puerto Ricans. That’s all you saw there. I don’t know. JJ: What was that like at North Avenue Beach? ’Cause I mean, if somebody had -- MA: You felt at home because, you know, you saw everybody, more or less, that you knew in the summer. My mother used to walk us from Webster to North Avenue over the bridge to the beach, but we had to clean the house before we left. (laughs) That’s the way it was, you know. Like you said -- JJ: Okay, so you had to clean the house. So, you know, the women, basically, in the neighborhood -- MA: I resented every moment. (laughs) JJ: No, we basically saw them only at the dances, so were they kept at home? MA: Oh, sure, are you kidding? You couldn’t even laugh. JJ: I’m leading you on. MA: Well, at least with -- JJ: I don’t wanna lead you on or anything. I don’t want -- MA: [00:13:00] No, but we as women, Spanish, Puerto Rican, at least my mother -- JJ: What was that like growing up as a woman at that -- 12 �MA: You couldn’t do this. You couldn’t do that. You know, you couldn’t go out with guys like that like today. Are you kidding? I had to be home by 9:00. My mother never let us stay overnight at anybody’s home, even upstairs. My cousins lived upstairs. You didn’t go up and stay overnight. That’s the way it was in those days, and you only went out with her, the girls, you know. That was -- JJ: With your mother? MA: Mm-hmm. JJ: So the girls only went out with her? MA: At that time, mm-hmm. It was very different. And then I had a job at Children’s Memorial Hospital. I worked in the kitchen while I was in high school, almost all of my four years of [00:14:00] high school, and -- JJ: So you were cooking? What were you doing? MA: Well, every floor there -- not anymore, but they used to bring these big carts with the food, and then you distribute it to each floor. JJ: Oh, okay, to the rooms and that? MA: Mm-hmm, yeah. JJ: And you did that for a while. What other jobs did you do? MA: Oh, wow. I worked at Montgomery Wards Catalog where you took orders over the phone. I did that. I did the Kelly Girl -- I don’t know if you remember Kelly Girl. JJ: I heard the name. MA: Let’s say someone needed someone in the office for a month to do stuff. Then, you would go and file or answer phones. I did that. And then what else did I do? 13 �Babysat, stuff like that, then I worked at Frank Cuneo Hospital. I don’t know if you knew that one. JJ: I heard the name of that one, [00:15:00] yeah. MA: I worked there; it’s a Catholic hospital. I worked there, mainly, 15 years. JJ: Okay. So what did you do there at -- MA: I was an admitting clerk and did medical records. Mainly, I was more -- JJ: A secretary for the -- MA: They needed a bilingual person, and you know, I got the job. JJ: But 15 years, so that was pretty good. Good pay and everything? It was pretty...? MA: Oh, no, I’m telling you I got good pay there at that time. I couldn’t complain, yeah. But I remember, you know, times were very different from today. JJ: In what way? MA: Well, you know, you respected your parents. You couldn’t even talk -- in the old days, your mother would tell you, “We’re going to visit so-and-so. You sit there. If you want to use the bathroom, you let me know.” (laughs) [00:16:00] Today, kids take over the house. You know, I don’t know. Maybe I’m wrong, but it was very different whether or not -- WA: This would never [be there?] today. JJ: What do you mean? You’d just sit there even if you had to use the bathroom? MA: That’s right. Unless she talked to you, you couldn’t get up. JJ: Do you think that was good, or today is better? MA: It was horrible. (laughter) 14 �JJ: I mean, I don’t know. I’m not gonna judge it. MA: It was horrible. You know, and then we went to Puerto Rico to visit, you know, my grandmother and that; also very strict, you know. You can’t do that. You can’t do this. Today, the kids walk in the house like it’s nothing. JJ: So you think your mother learned from your grandmother? MA: Oh, sure. My grandmother was a tyrant. (laughs) JJ: And your daughter doesn’t [pay attention?]? MA: Well, they respected us, but I don’t think I was as strict, you know. [00:17:00] (laughs) Well, in some respects, yeah, because our culture -- my oldest daughter wanted to go to the mall all the time, and I told her, “You’re not going to the mall, I’m sorry.” You know, you would go to the mall, and today, the kids go somewhere else. Who knows where they go? So I already saw that, you know, so they would get upset at me. But it’s very different, the bringing up. JJ: And you mentioned your brothers, so you mentioned your brothers’ names too, right? MA: Mm-hmm. JJ: So how were you with your brothers? MA: Well, I was the oldest, so I had to take care of these kids. (laughs) And I’m not gonna say names. There was one that would be horrible. She would make fun of me. “Oh, you have to do this.” “I don’t have to,” you know, things like that. And my [00:18:00] mother worked Saturday and Sunday at a hospital, so I had to take care of them. And then my great-aunt lived upstairs, so she would call my mother when we got into, you know, fights and that, I’ll be honest with you. It 15 �was horrible, you know. Then, when my mother got home, oh, heaven forbid. You know, you were responsible. JJ: Did your mother always work, or...? MA: Oh, yeah. My mother worked until -- JJ: She had a lot of hours [she had to?] -- MA: My God, after she retired, she worked. A practical nurse, she was, mm-hmm. And for the -- JJ: And, you know, you mentioned about translating. MA: Mm-hmm. And then she -- JJ: And you mentioned that you had to take her to the -- MA: Yeah, at the beginning. JJ: Okay, so that would -- MA: And then she -- JJ: Most of your life? MA: Well -- JJ: You were like her assistant, you know, trying to... MA: But it was very different. I mean, [00:19:00] I respected my mother. Let’s put it that way because my father lived in Puerto Rico, and my mother remarried. So, you know, whatever she told me, that was it, you know? My other sister -- JJ: You wanna share about what she told you? MA: Oh, no, she would tell me you can’t laugh at -- JJ: And they split up, you know, with the -- 16 �MA: Oh, yeah. (Spanish)? [00:19:31] My mother was a very hard worker. That, I must say about her, a very hard worker. She would make me laugh because -now, I laugh; I used to cry. She used to comb our hair the night before, and it better be like that when you woke up in the morning. (laughs) Can you imagine? Oh, my God. But she would leave your breakfast. She was very, you know, homebodied, [00:20:00] yeah. JJ: But then she left, and then you were in charge of them? MA: Right. You know, when you got out of school, I had to make sure -- and I have a sister that was horrible. She was very defiant. I was the nerd, and she was, you know -- we won’t say who she... (laughs) JJ: So what sort of things did you do with your sister? With your brothers and sisters, what sort of -- MA: Well, we had chores, you know, when my mother was working. JJ: What kinda chores? I mean, that you -- MA: Clean the house. Clean the bathroom. Make sure all the stuff is done, but there was one that always made fun ’cause if they didn’t do it, I had to do it. ’Cause then when my mother got home, I’m the one, you know? JJ: What about in terms of games and that sort of -- what are the -- MA: Oh, no, we played, at that time, the jump-roping. [00:21:00] Some of the Spanish games, I don’t even remember anymore, but -- (Spanish)? [00:21:04] JJ: (Spanish) [00:21:07] [You played?] (inaudible)? MA: Oh, yeah. JJ: You played it in your house, that stuff? 17 �MA: Oh, yeah, bingo. We played -- JJ: It wasn’t legal. MA: Pardon? JJ: It wasn’t legal. MA: I know, but it was played. I had an aunt that loved that game, and she played it all the time. JJ: But did people come over for it? MA: Oh, yeah, (Spanish). [00:21:24] JJ: Oh, (Spanish)? [00:21:26] So the (Spanish) [00:21:30] would come and sell you numbers? MA: (Spanish). [00:21:31] JJ: With the numbers and everything? MA: Oh, (Spanish), [00:21:34] and (Spanish) [00:21:35] [Don Taco?] was his name. I always remember him when I was a kid. He would come. “(Spanish)?” [00:21:42] And then he’d take ’em out of his sleeves. (laughter) JJ: And then he told you your dream? MA: You picked a number. JJ: Did he tell you about your dream and all that? MA: Oh, yeah, and that was always (Spanish). [00:21:56] It never came out, but [00:22:00] they still played it, you know. Then, I had a great-uncle. He would take us on Chicago Avenue on Sundays. I think that little stand is still there, the hot dog stand in Ashland. JJ: Chicago and Ashland, okay. 18 �MA: Now, it’s called Duk’s -- JJ: It’s gotta be -- MA: -- but it used to be a little hot dog stand. WA: It would be in Ashland. MA: Yeah, and we used to go there -- WA: And we’d go to -- JJ: So that's by the Gaslight. So you guys were hanging out on Chicago Avenue and Ashland? MA: It didn’t even dawn on -- JJ: No, I don’t mean hanging out. I mean, that was the area you guys were from, or...? MA: No, I’m mainly Webster and Lincoln. JJ: But you guys would go to Chicago Avenue. MA: Right. No, my uncle would pick us up. My -- JJ: And take you there? MA: And take us on Sunday to eat hot dogs at -- JJ: Because they had the bakery and all that right there, right? MA: Oh, yeah, (Spanish), [00:22:44] yeah. JJ: Yeah. Well, it was some kind of restaurant over there, no? MA: Where? JJ: On Chicago Avenue? WA: There’s a lot of restaurants. JJ: Yeah, a couple restaurants in that area. 19 �MA: But the Puerto Rican restaurants -- there weren’t too many. JJ: Not too many? Okay. MA: [00:23:00] No. WA: You had that one in -- MA: [One time?] -- WA: Cafe Central . MA: Cafe Central, yeah. JJ: Cafe Central, yeah. That’s what I was gonna say, yeah. It’s been there – it’s still there. MA: Oh, is it still there? WA: Yeah, it’s still there. JJ: Yeah, it’s still there. MA: We haven’t been around. WA: [Mike?], his wife, and his son took it over. JJ: Oh, the other guy? Okay. MA: Mm-hmm. WA: Yeah, when he [passed away?] -- JJ: Yeah, I think I was gonna go there today. MA: Yeah, but the big thing for me was we used to go to the San Juan Theatre and see all these people. See, people don’t -- JJ: That was on Division, right? 20 �MA: On Division. We used to see all the Spanish, you know, singers, actors. Mainly Puerto Rican, and then The Senate. I don’t know if you’re familiar with The Senate Theatre and (Spanish). [00:23:41] JJ: (Spanish), [00:23:43] yeah. MA: There was more Mexican down by -- what was the name -- WA: Milwaukee Avenue. MA: Yeah, but the name of that big store. WA: Where, on Lincoln Avenue? MA: No, it was near the Catholic [00:24:00] church, that big Mexican church on -- JJ: Oh, Guadalupe? MA: Uh-huh. WA: Roosevelt? MA: Right. What was the name of that? JJ: Oh, no, St. Francis. MA: Terry’s. JJ: Oh, that’s it. Okay, Terry’s. What was Terry’s? MA: That was a big department store. WA: Yeah, it’s a -- MA: We used to -- WA: -- clothing store. MA: -- go to mass and then go shopping in there. JJ: So you went to St. Francis Church? MA: We went to -- you know, it depended. 21 �JJ: You went to that mass right next to Terry’s? MA: Mm-hmm. JJ: So that’s -- MA: St. Francis. JJ: -- Spanish because they had Spanish masses. MA: Right, in those days, yeah. JJ: And it was mainly Mexican, and Puerto Ricans went there too. Oh, you went there too? My mother went there. MA: Yeah, and St. Vincent also was all Puerto Rican mass at that time because we used to go -- JJ: Right, St. Vincent would do Puerto Rican masses. MA: In those days, yeah. JJ: So they had a (Spanish) [00:24:43] there? MA: Right. JJ: [Yeah, that’s what I thought?]. MA: They had a lot of dances there, yeah. JJ: So yeah, you didn’t -- MA: It was Father -- oh, what was his name? JJ: So you were part of the (Spanish), [00:24:53] or you just went to mass? MA: No, we weren’t really -- JJ: You -- 22 �MA: -- that attached to it. But we used to go when they had the dances [00:25:00] or if they had some -- you know, they used to do a lot of baking and selling. We would go. What was the name of the father? WA: Father [Reines?]? MA: No. WA: [I remember him?]. JJ: Oh, you remember Father Reines from St. -- MA: No, Father Reines from St. Michael’s. JJ: You’re thinking St. -- WA: No, (inaudible). MA: Oh, was it? JJ: And now, it’s a -- WA: Now, it’s a park. JJ: North Park, yeah. MA: Oh, what’s his name? He married us. JJ: Father Catherine, I’m talking about. WA: Oh, [he was?] -- MA: No, he was Spanish. I forgot his last name. Guiterrez? WA: No. MA: I know that it was a Spanish -- WA: Well, we got his name. It’s on the -- MA: Yeah, but St. Vincent -- JJ: He wrote it down on the paper. (laughter) 23 �MA: -- was a big Spanish church at that time. JJ: Yeah, and it became -- MA: ’Cause Halsted was all Puerto Rican around there. JJ: Halsted and what? MA: Halsted and Webster, and all of those -- WA: North Avenue down through Webster. MA: Because my uncle -- JJ: Through Webster? MA: Maybe you know my uncle. I’m gonna -- JJ: What’s your uncle’s name? MA: -- drop his name: Domingo Davila. JJ: No, you mentioned Domingo. P1: [Erica Imez?]. MA: Erica, okay. He used to give a lot of [00:26:00] dances down there. JJ: Oh, that’s Erica’s uncle? P1: He’s our -- MA: He’s my uncle. JJ: He’s your uncle? P1: -- great-uncle, her uncle. MA: My uncle, and he used to do a lot of dances down there. JJ: You mean in the -- MA: Northwest Hall, Crystal Ballroom, and my girlfriend and I -- JJ: So that’s who did the dances here? 24 �MA: Some of the time, yeah. But the funny part is that he would give a -- JJ: Now, this is not the guy with the large -- MA: No, he’s very -- JJ: Okay, not this guy, because he had a big -- P1: Big beard? JJ: -- sideburns or something. MA: Who is that, I wonder. JJ: But that’s not him, then, that -- MA: No. JJ: -- [you’re talking about?]? MA: He’s older than us. But the thing was that he would give us tickets -- JJ: I think he bought Northwest Hall later, the guy I’m thinking about. MA: Yeah. He would give us tickets to go down Halsted Street and sell ’em. (laughs) I always remember that. JJ: Well, for The Queen when they were -- MA: Oh, don’t get me started on those ones. (laughs) JJ: What do you mean, on the tickets for The Queen? You sold those? MA: Oh, yeah, we sold [00:27:00] all of them. JJ: I heard something, but I don’t know what the -- MA: Yeah, we sold that, and we -- JJ: How does that work? MA: He did the Boys Club, my uncle. JJ: Okay, the Boys Club on -- 25 �MA: And we all got in -- pardon? JJ: On -- MA: When they -- JJ: -- Orchard, or...? MA: I don’t remember. JJ: [Verde?]. MA: Maybe, because when they did the first Puerto Rican Parade, we were a part of it because of my uncle. JJ: And you’re talking about in ’66? MA: Right. JJ: That one, okay. MA: We went down State Street, whatever it was, yeah. JJ: Okay. Oh, yeah, that was the first one on State Street. It went to State Street, yeah. MA: We were part of that parade. JJ: That was the official -- MA: Yeah, official parade. JJ: They had one in Holy Name, you know, but that was the first one here. MA: But now, you know, they don’t give it downtown anymore, I guess, so... JJ: Well, they don’t do it in the neighborhood anymore. MA: In the neighborhood on Division and -- JJ: On Division into -- MA: Been a while, mm-hmm. 26 �JJ: So the Crystal Ballroom, [00:28:00] the Northwest Hall, Domingo Davila, (laughter) and then the (Spanish) [00:28:09] and all that -- you’re involved in all the -- MA: Yeah, I’ve been -- JJ: -- Puerto Rican stuff at St. Vincent’s. Okay, so that -- MA: My mother, after she came from the hospital, worked a couple of nights at Clyde’s Donuts. See, our house was right there. JJ: Right on Webster Avenue? MA: Right by -- JJ: Yeah, it was all Puerto Rican. MA: Yeah, and then Swiss Hall -- JJ: But now, it’s Oz Park. They made it a park. MA: Yeah, now that’s all a park. JJ: Yeah, it’s a -- MA: We got married at Swiss Hall. Yeah, I remember -- JJ: And that’s the one on Webster? MA: Right, Webster. We lived at 625 -- JJ: Now, do you remember going to parties there? MA: Oh, yeah, they used to have a lot of -- JJ: A lot of dances and that. MA: -- parties. Even that radio disc jockey, WLS, used to have parties in there. I remember, as a kid, seeing them, yeah. 27 �JJ: So what was it like? So [00:29:00] that’s an important area that we’re trying to let people know about and describe what -- so you lived right on that block? MA: Mm-hmm. JJ: So what was it like in summer -- MA: Oh, it was really nice ’cause it was all Spanish, and we all sat at (Spanish) [00:29:16] to talk. JJ: On the stairs and that? MA: And, you know, that was it. It was all families. And then if it got too hot, we went to -- not Garfield. Where they had the flowers on Lincoln Park -- what is it? JJ: Oh, the flower shop? MA: The big flower -- JJ: The big flower place right outside of it. MA: And they have a fountain. JJ: And the fountain -- P1: And the fountain -- MA: And my mother would take us there to cool off, and then we’d go home and go to bed. JJ: Did you guys go swimming? MA: (laughs) Yeah, I’m -- JJ: You jumped in -- MA: -- being honest. JJ: -- the little pond, and that’s what -- MA: We’d go in the pond around eight o’clock at night and then -- 28 �JJ: I jumped in there too. MA: Right, and then we’d go home, and that was our air condition, [00:30:00] you know. That was it, and then we’d go home. JJ: And it’s just down the street from Webster, yeah. MA: Yeah, I remember that. JJ: And the zoo was free. Everything was free. MA: Everything, yep. And then remember, there were no seatbelts, so you got (Spanish) [00:30:13] inside the car, (laughs) you know? I had one. You know, the older kids held onto the little kids, and we just drove very happy. JJ: And then there were a lot of other families [living there also?]? MA: Oh, yeah. Like I told you, you know, we Puerto Ricans at that time had to take the whole neighborhood. (Spanish), [00:30:32] and everybody went, you know? Now, it’s like, “Let me call them first,” you know. It’s very different, you know. That’s what I see, you know, that my kids -- one day, they’re gonna forget. They’re more Americanized. One time, my daughter said, “Why did you come here?” I said, “Your grandmother [00:31:00] brought me here. What did you want me to do? I couldn’t do anything, you know?” We were brought by other people, you know, and that’s the way life is, you know? JJ: Well, how did you feel about being -- MA: Well, I was little -- JJ: -- brought over here? MA: -- so you know, the first year, I was really crying, I’ll be honest with you, ’cause I couldn’t talk the language. I remember I went outside, and my mother didn’t 29 �even think. I was playing with the snow. I froze my hands, you know, ’cause that’s how it was, you know? No one told us anything, you know, so that’s the way it was then. It was very different lifestyle to today. And then the holidays -you didn’t need to have a party. Everybody came over. You brought something; we all cooked. We danced in a little house. Now, today, you can’t even visit people ’cause, “Oh, no, [00:32:00] call me.” Not in those days. People used to come, and little kids, big adult -- we all danced, everybody. Didn’t matter, you know? JJ: Okay, the adults and the kids -- MA: Oh, yeah, (Spanish). [00:32:14] JJ: So people were just into dancing? MA: For the holiday. Let’s say Noche Buena. You were preparing (Spanish), [00:32:23] you know, everything. JJ: Well, I mean, what did you do, I mean, for Noche Buena, for example? MA: Oh, wow. My mother -- JJ: What Noche Buena? Which one? MA: The 24th. Yeah, that’s Noche -- JJ: So what did you do? How did you do it? MA: Well, we all got ready, you know, for that day. Like I told you, they all lived -- JJ: What do you mean, ready? I mean, what did you -- MA: Oh, we made pasteles. We did (Spanish). [00:32:46] At that time, there weren’t that many big stores that sold (Spanish), [00:32:52] so my uncle -- I remember him going somewhere far. I don’t know where he would go to purchase it, and 30 �then he’d bring it [00:33:00] and cook it. And we cooked there, and we just sat around, you know, and danced. And that was it. That was our Noche Buena. JJ: In your -- MA: In our house. JJ: Right there on Webster? MA: Right on Webster. JJ: Right on there? MA: I remember we rolled up the curtains if it got too hot in the house and opened (Spanish), [00:33:21] and you had a good time, you know. Now, everything is, “What are we gonna do,” (laughs) you know. It’s very different. WA: [Some people?]... JJ: Trying to add -- so how was school? Tell me about your school. MA: It was Waller. I wasn’t -- JJ: You went to Waller? MA: Mm-hmm. I went to Waller. JJ: Did you graduate from Waller? MA: Yeah, mm-hmm. I was the last class that graduated in January. [00:34:00] I don’t know if you remember that they used to have classes graduating in January and one in June. I’ll never forget Jose [Sias?] was so -- JJ: Jose Sias? MA: Jose Sias. (Spanish), [00:34:13] they used to call him. JJ: Oh, that was (Spanish)? [00:34:16] MA: Yeah. 31 �JJ: That’s what I thought. But were they related, [Louis?] Sias -- MA: Oh, yeah, they’re brothers. JJ: They’re brothers, okay. MA: Oh, yeah, and he graduated -- JJ: Oh, so one was called (Spanish). [00:34:25] MA: (Spanish), [00:34:26] yeah. JJ: Okay, I remember that. WA: Five brothers in the family. MA: Mm-hmm, and we graduated together. And Lydia Laboy graduated with me, and I think -- JJ: So there were a lot of people in the Laboy family, right? MA: Right. Louis -- JJ: Louis and -- MA: -- Lydia, Michael. I remember -- JJ: So you guys grew up together? MA: We went to school together at Walter. JJ: What do you remember about them? MA: Oh, Lydia and I were very good friends. It’s a shame. Now, we don’t keep in contact, but her and I worked together. We went out together. She slept at my house, you know, and [00:35:00] things like that, yeah. JJ: Where are they from? Do you know where they’re from, or...? MA: No, I don’t know. JJ: Okay. But they were just good friends from school? 32 �MA: Yeah, from school, her and I. Lydia, mm-hmm. JJ: So you had a few friends that kinda hung around. What did you guys do? MA: Like girls being girls, we used to get together at somebody’s house and just listen to music and talk, you know, stuff like that. JJ: Spanish music? MA: Yeah, Spanish or English. JJ: Or English. I mean, what kinda English songs did you listen to? MA: Oh, God, all the popular ones. JJ: Who were the popular ones? Do you remember any? MA: Oh, yeah. JJ: “It’s twine time!” (laughter) I’m just kidding. MA: There was so many, oh, my God. JJ: Were the -- MA: “The Mashed Potatoes”, Chubby Checkers. JJ: Oh, Chubby Checkers and “The Mashed Potatoes”. We all knew that. MA: Brenda Lee. JJ: “Wipe Out.” MA: “Wipe Out”, yeah. JJ: So you guys remember that? MA: Yeah, sure. JJ: I know you had to remember ’cause we were at the same dances. WA: [Yeah, just about?]. MA: Yeah, I [00:36:00] used to listen a lot to WLS, Dick Biondi. 33 �JJ: Oh, Biondi, that’s who it was? MA: At that time, yeah. JJ: So that’s why I asked you about that church on Lincoln. It was The Peoples Church [later?], but they used to have dances there with the Imperial Aces and Queens. And I remember walking in there one time. Everybody was doing cartwheels and everything. MA: Oh, really? JJ: Yeah. You know, they used to do the split and all that. Did you do all that? MA: All the guys, yeah. I remember -- WA: We never went to that church. JJ: You never been there? MA: No, but we went -- JJ: And then there was that -- in Webster too, they did it. MA: Yeah, on -- JJ: It was the same crowd. WA: [It was?] -- JJ: At Saint Teresa’s, they had dances, didn’t they? MA: Oh, yeah, Saint Teresa. You’re right. JJ: So you went to Saint Teresa? MA: Some dances, yeah. It was mainly, like I said, St. Michael’s, St. Vincent, yeah. JJ: So there was dances all over that area over there? MA: Yeah, that was -- WA: [And the?] -- 34 �JJ: Do you remember that too, [00:37:00] Freddy, the dances? WA: I mean, not all of them besides the -- MA: (Spanish) [00:37:02] San Juan -- JJ: [And you went together?]? WA: Yeah, (Spanish). [00:37:04] MA: -- used to have a lot of dances too. (Spanish) -- [00:37:05] JJ: That’s right. (Spanish) [00:37:06] San Juan had a lot of dances. WA: [There was a lot?] we used to go to. MA: I think that’s why we kept busy, you know, ’cause there were a lot of activities. JJ: So was it a community, or...? MA: Yeah, I would say a community. JJ: Well, what does that mean to you, community? MA: Well, that you knew each other. When you went there, you knew everybody, you know? The majority of the people, you would know, so you knew there wasn’t gonna be any problems, you know, ’cause you knew each other. Like I tell you, we used to go to the dances, get on the bus, just the girls. We never had any problems with anybody on the bus, or that they’d look at you strange, you know. Never had -- JJ: So there really wasn’t a gang there? MA: No. JJ: It was more like a -- WA: Never. JJ: -- community with projects -- 35 �MA: Right, community. WA: That’s what I said. JJ: -- and dancing and sports and...? MA: Right. JJ: So, you know, like Freddy was saying, sports. And you’re saying about the dances that the girls went out to dance and [00:38:00] just had a good time? MA: Oh, our routine was -- like I said, Friday, we’d go shopping for what we’re gonna wear Saturday to go dancing. And then Sunday, we’d go to one of the theaters; (Spanish), [00:38:13] San Juan, or Senate. One of those three, we would go. The same crowd that we -- JJ: And were they mostly Puerto Rican? MA: Oh, yeah, mm-hmm. JJ: So you said before that Halsted and Webster, that whole area, was -- MA: It was all Puerto Ricans. JJ: All Puerto Rican. You mentioned North Avenue up to Diversey or Webster? WA: Yeah. MA: Mm-hmm. JJ: How big was the Puerto Rican community around that time? MA: I would say by us, it was, at that time -- JJ: From what street to what street? MA: Lincoln Avenue -- JJ: Around there? MA: -- Halsted, Dickens. 36 �WA: Yeah. [Ralph Comiez?] used to live on North Avenue and Halsted. MA: Yeah, all that would cover -- WA: I had a lot [of family that was?] -- JJ: North Avenue and what? WA: [00:39:00] And Halsted. JJ: And Halsted? So from North Avenue to Halsted to...? WA: All the way to Walter. JJ: All the way to -- WA: Or Webster. JJ: To Webster? WA: Yeah. Well, into -- JJ: And then from -- MA: You know where -- JJ: From Clyde to where, to Southport or Racine? MA: No, Southport wasn’t -- JJ: No Southport? WA: No, sir. MA: Southport -- JJ: And then what’s up north? WA: It’s to Clark East. JJ: (inaudible). MA: But I would say -- JJ: Oh, from Clark to Racine, would you say, or...? 37 �WA: No. MA: I would say the Puerto Rican community was up to Clark where the Century was. Remember the Century? JJ: Uh-huh. MA: There, it became more -- you know, it was different. But from Webster up to Clark -- ’cause I remember my mother would take us to the AMP there, and it was a little different crowd, you know what I mean? But I would say once you hit the Century, it was more white area. JJ: Right, okay, ’cause that’s by Diversey. MA: Right. I remember when we’d go to the Century, [00:40:00] it was a little different atmosphere. People would look at you funny like, “What are you doing here,” you know? (laughter) JJ: (Spanish) [00:40:07] hanging around by the Century. WA: [He knows I?] -- JJ: He knows what I mean. MA: It’s true. JJ: I’m joking. MA: Yeah, no, but it was like that. It’s true. You know, out of your comfort zone, you know, that you had to be... JJ: But from Clark -- MA: Halsted. JJ: -- at least to Sheffield. MA: St. Vincent -- yeah, Sheffield. Yeah, it covered all -- 38 �JJ: So that’s a big area. MA: Oh, yeah, it was. I remember Halsted was all Puerto Rican, the majority, at least that I saw. Lincoln Avenue -- JJ: And everybody just moved down and -- MA: You know, I don’t know what happened. I don’t know. JJ: -- made all their money and left. MA: It must’ve been, yeah. JJ: And what happens -- WA: I don’t know. I mean -- JJ: What do you think -- MA: I think -- WA: The areas I lived in -- MA: -- it got too expensive. WA: Sure, it did. That’s how you [00:41:00] drive people out if they can’t handle it. MA: And think about it. That used to be all homes, and now it’s Oz Park. That’s where we lived, right there. JJ: So, I mean, how do you feel -- that was your neighborhood. MA: It’s sad, you know, but that’s the way... JJ: That’s the way life is? MA: Yeah, you know, everything goes in a circle, you know. WA: Gentrification, you know? MA: It is. JJ Like Freddy said, gentrification, so... 39 �WA: Gotta go with the new. JJ: “We’re gonna buy another house.” MA: (laughter) No, we’re done. JJ: I’m joking. WA: I’m done. JJ: I’m just giving -- no, gentrification. That’s what it is. WA: That’s it. MA: Yeah, that’s what it is. JJ: It’s ridiculous. [I mean that?]. MA: Yeah. If you can’t afford it, you gotta move, you know? JJ: So do you feel any anger, or no? MA: You know -- JJ: I guess not ’cause it’s not -- WA: You can’t be remorseful because -- MA: Well, you know what? WA: -- in those old days, there was no (inaudible). MA: Certain neighborhoods, I would’ve really loved to have stayed, I’ll be honest with you. I would’ve liked to stay by Byron when we lived on Byron [00:42:00] and Southport. JJ: That’s Freddy Aviles, your husband, speaking [out of you?]. MA: (laughs) No. I can’t tell you the story -- JJ: He’s trying to speak for you. (laughter) I’m kidding. 40 �MA: No, I always liked the house there. You know, I would’ve retired there on Southport, but you know, life has other plans for you, so... JJ: So you guys had a house on Southport, is that right? MA: Southport and Byron, yeah. JJ: Okay, yeah, he mentioned that. MA: And it’s still there, and they haven’t done a thing with it. That’s what makes me laugh, (Spanish), [00:42:32] Fred? WA: Mm-hmm. MA: They haven’t remodeled it. They haven’t done anything with it. JJ: So were there any dance contests? Now, I’m taking you away from that. MA: Oh, there was all -- you know what? I don’t think there were any dance contests. WA: There weren’t any dance contests, no, that would -- JJ: Besides Freddy, who else was a good dancer? MA: Oh, God, a lot of the guys were good dancers -- JJ: Yeah, the guys were? MA: -- just like the girls. There were a lot of people that would go dancing. JJ: Which girls were good dancers? WA: [00:43:00] Half of them, who knows, were there. MA: You know, like I said, we all danced. I don’t know. JJ: Now, do you remember ever going out to other places besides the dancing? MA: Oh, yeah, we went places. JJ: Were there picnics at the high school? MA: Oh, no -- 41 �JJ: School picnics? MA: -- we had picnics from school, yeah. JJ: From the school? MA: No, we did our own picnics -- JJ: In the neighborhood? MA: -- in the school. JJ: In the school? MA: We called it a school picnic, but we did it -- JJ: Okay, so -- MA: -- the kids. JJ: -- [you did it?]? MA: Yeah. JJ: But I mean some Puerto Ricans going out and kind of -- MA: Oh, no, we did a lot of that, yeah. JJ: A lot of that? MA: (Spanish) [00:43:34] San Juan did a lot of that. JJ: So (Spanish) [00:43:37] San Juan did some picnics? MA: Yeah. And the Puerto Rican Police. WA: Police Association. JJ: Oh, the Puerto Rican Police Association? MA: They did picnics, yeah. JJ: They would have picnics? MA: Oh, yes. 42 �WA: The Puerto Rican Chamber of Commerce. JJ: Okay. And you guys were both together with them? WA: Yeah, sure. MA: Mm-hmm. WA: I was involved with ’em. JJ: With the Puerto Rican Chamber of Commerce? MA: Mm-hmm. WA: Sure. JJ: Okay. Were you involved with the Puerto Rican -- WA: The parade. JJ: -- Police Association? Oh, with the Puerto Rican Parade Committee. [00:44:00] WA: (Spanish), [00:44:00] yeah. JJ: You were with them? WA: I was in the parade. I was a director there also in the Chamber of Commerce. JJ: In the Chamber of Commerce? MA: Mm-hmm. WA: I was the treasurer. JJ: Okay. And did you go to the YMCA also with him? MA: With me? I think I -- WA: I think twice, yeah. MA: -- went to a couple of dances, but no. But my mother had my uncle pick me up at 10:00 when the fun was going on. (laughter) JJ: [Not even at midnight?]. 43 �MA: I’d be so embarrassed because I’d see him looking for me. At ten o’clock? Come on. (laughter) JJ: “Give me a break, man!” MA: Yeah. So the way -- JJ: But that’s the way the women at that time -- MA: Well -- JJ: Or just you? MA: Just me. JJ: [They didn’t let?] -- MA: We won’t go into my sisters. (laughs) JJ: Your sisters could stay? MA: They didn’t listen. JJ: Oh, they didn’t listen. They just stayed. MA: They did whatever they wanted. [00:45:00] Hey... JJ: I mean, do you think that that helped? Was it too strict? MA: You know what? I’m not gonna blame anyone. I did whatever they told me; let’s put it that way. I shouldn’t blame other people. You know, it’s just, you know, your character, I guess. I don’t know. You know, I didn’t wanna see my mom worried about us, you know. She already had enough to worry, you know? But my sisters had a great time in life. JJ: So why do you think they were that strict? I mean, what was the -- MA: I don’t know. I believe that’s the way they were brought up. I think it repeats itself. 44 �JJ: So you didn’t understand why you were -- MA: At that time? No. I was not very happy. (laughs) JJ: You were not happy, and you didn’t understand why? MA: Right. JJ: Did you try to do that with your children? MA: You know, you’d have to ask them. I think I wasn’t [00:46:00] as strict as my mother was. At least my daughters used to go out, you know, with me or with -you know who she only let me go -- JJ: They went out with you, though? MA: Yeah. JJ: That’s what your mother said. You’d go out with her. MA: Right. You know who she believed in letting me go out with? My husband. She wouldn’t let me go out with any other guy but him. JJ: But Freddy? MA: (laughs) I swear to you. I don’t know. JJ: He had a way with her. MA: Right. She liked him right away. WA: She said, “He’s a good person with, you know, a good face. He has a great face.” MA: Little did she know. JJ: That he was the worst guy you knew. (laughter) MA: (Spanish), [00:46:44] you know. JJ: So little did she know that he wasn’t that (inaudible). 45 �MA: Right. But if Fred would come pick me up, it was okay. JJ: But at least, hey, 51 years, you’ve been married. MA: Oh, right. I’ll never forget I had a friend -- JJ: Fifty-one years, you’ve been married. That’s pretty good. MA: Yeah, but then I felt embarrassed. I had a [00:47:00] friend -- he was just a friend. It was nothing -- so he came and asked my mother, “Well, can I take Betty to a dance on the South Side?” “Oh, yeah, tomorrow after she cleans the house.” Well, I got up and cleaned that house, boy. (laughter) The guy comes to pick me up. She says, “You’re not going anywhere.” And, you know, I would not argue. And I felt bad for him ’cause he came from the South Side to pick me up. JJ: Now, wait a minute. Freddy mentioned the South Side. MA: No, this was before I met Fred, you know. I was -- JJ: Oh, no, I don’t mean that. But you guys mentioned the South Side, so where in the South Side? MA: I really don’t -- WA: Fifty-fifth. JJ: On 55th? That was a Puerto Rican -- WA: That area used to be on 55th, and there used to be a lot of Puerto Ricans. Matter of fact, you got -- JJ: Yeah, there was a lot of Puerto Ricans. (Spanish)? [00:47:54] WA: No, at the (Spanish). [00:47:57] MA: The [00:48:00] (Spanish), yeah. WA: And just down by Midway Airport. 46 �JJ: By Midway? WA: (Spanish) [00:48:07] ’cause we went to -- JJ: So Midway Airport -- WA: -- Capital Bank or something. JJ: -- had a lot of Puerto Ricans. WA: In the Midway Airport. JJ: And for what year? MA: The same, the ’60s. WA: Well, this is now, recently in the -- JJ: Oh, recently, yeah. WA: Yeah, in the ’80s till now. JJ: Now and the ’80s, but I mean at that time? MA: No. WA: At that time? JJ: The ’50s? WA: When I came from Puerto Rico, I landed at Midway. You had to walk from the airplane to the house where you pick up your luggage and that. JJ: So, yeah, Midway used to be the airport ’cause there was no -- WA: There was no O’Hare -- JJ: There was no O’Hare, yeah. WA: -- when we came here. 47 �JJ: But, I mean, I know that in the late ’40s during World War II, they had an assembly line in the factories for the planes at the Midway. And a lot of Puerto Ricans [00:49:00] were hired for that. WA: They called them (Spanish). [00:49:00] MA: Yeah, that was the -- WA: That’s what they were. JJ: (Spanish)? [00:49:04] WA: Yeah. JJ: So there was a group called that? WA: Yeah. MA: You know how we -- JJ: In the ’50s? WA: No, I don’t know if it -- MA: You know who used to be in that area? WA: -- was that. But I know it was next to -- MA: (Spanish) [00:49:13] Yvette. WA: Yeah, and she’s still on 55th -- MA: In front of our -- WA: -- with Louis Sias. P1: But what year? JJ: Oh, Louis Sias? MA: In the ’60s. WA: No, it’s more like the ’70s. 48 �MA: Well, after we got married, yeah. JJ: The ’70s. MA: In the early ’70s. JJ: Yeah, the ’70s because I remember they moved all over, but there was always something there. MA: Yeah, that’s -- WA: [Yeah, that’s before?] -- MA: -- how he met his wife. She was from the South Side, Puerto Rican. JJ: So you’re talking about -- in the ’70s, they were going over to the South Side, okay. WA: No, in the ’70s, she was not going to the South Side ’cause we got married ’66, so -- MA: Well, that’s when we -- JJ: She wasn’t allowed? MA: -- met (Spanish) [00:49:46] Yvette. Then, they got married -- WA: They got married. MA: -- on the South Side. P1: No, he was asking when you were -- WA: When you were going. P1: -- going to the South Side to the dance. MA: Oh, I see. JJ: So you went in ’65, yeah. WA: Before she was married, yeah. 49 �MA: Right, but I never got to go [00:50:00] because my mother -- JJ: You had to clean the house. You were scrubbing the floor. WA: Well, that’s the way it is. In the old days, they -- MA: Who knows? You know what? Maybe -- WA: I mean, I was 16, 17. I’m in high school, and I had to be home at eight o’clock at night. I’m not kidding you when I tell you that. JJ: Okay. So they -- WA: That’s the way it was. JJ: -- were strict with the men. WA: I was not a person that was out doing bad things ’cause I didn’t get -- MA: He didn’t have the time. WA: -- you know, to go out there. I was home already. JJ: I think he’s trying to tell me something. WA: Well, no, it’s true. A lot of the guys [in the?] -- MA: See, the thing is he was the oldest in his family. I was the oldest in my family, so I think the oldest kid always is -- they’re more strict with you. I don’t know, you know. JJ: Okay. So the oldest -- MA: In my head. JJ: -- person in each family had a responsibility? MA: More responsibility, I think. WA: Sure, I used to -- JJ: Is that what they were doing? 50 �WA: My brothers, Ruben -- MA: (Spanish). [00:50:51] WA: -- and Sixto, I had to wake up in the morning. “Come on, get your butts up for school.” MA: Yeah, that’s the way it was. WA: And, you know, I used to -- JJ: You had to do that? WA: Yeah, I would. MA: You didn’t have a [00:51:00] babysitter. You didn’t have anybody coming for -- WA: My mother and father would get up at 5:00 in the morning to go to work. MA: Yeah, that’s the -- JJ: So that was part of family? MA: Right, it was a family thing. JJ: The oldest person -- MA: My mother got up -- JJ: -- had to do it. WA: You have a responsibility for the -- MA: My mother left by 7:00. Like he says, I had to get them ready for school. What could I do? I was 12, 11, you know. We walked together. No one walked us to school, you know. WA: Today, everybody drives their kids to school. They live two blocks, they drive their kid to school. I walked to school. I had to take buses when I went to high school, and you know, 20 below zero didn’t mean nothing. 51 �MA: Yeah, you had to -- WA: You waited there for the bus, and that’s it. Just make sure you’re dressed warm, you know. That’s the way it was. But I bought my first car for 75 bucks, a ’53 Mercury. Two-door hardtop with the Hollywood bumpers and all that, my own money. MA: When we first got married, we got paid every two weeks, so -- JJ: Oh, really? MA: [00:52:00] -- we didn’t have enough money between us. And the bus was 25 cents with a transfer, and we didn’t have that. And I was too proud to ask, and he was too proud to ask, so what he would do -- he had a car. He’d take me to work, then come back or -- oh, it was a big mistake. WA: We had money to go to work, but then I would come back home and pick up the car, and then I would go pick her up at work. No lunch. We had breakfast at home, and that was it, so you know... MA: And people would say, “Oh, aren’t you gonna eat lunch?” (laughs) WA: You got to, you know, earn points, and that’s the way we did, but thank God. MA: But I think there were a lot of -- WA: Today, you know... MA: -- people like that, a lot of Latinos, you know, that did that. It wasn’t just us. I believe that very much. JJ: Did you see it, or no? MA: I believe I saw, you know, a lot of people sacrifice. JJ: Like your friends? 52 �MA: [00:53:00] Oh, yeah. JJ: Oh, they did? Okay. WA: It was -- MA: Mainly, I would say my family; my parents, my mom, and my aunts and all of them. They were very hard workers too. JJ: They just ate breakfast. They didn’t eat lunch? MA: Right, yeah. JJ: No lunch? MA: No lunch, as far as I know, you know, yeah. On the weekend, they used to cook a lot because, you know, that was the thing to do. We’d cook, and then -- JJ: So when they cooked, I know that -- was it rice and beans and that? MA: Oh, yeah. JJ: I mean, they didn’t -- WA: Puerto Rican favorites -- JJ: Puerto Rican families -- WA: -- in those days, sopa de pollos and everything. MA: We used to go to his mother’s house every Sunday to eat or my mom because like he said, one lived on the first floor and second. And we’d go with the kids, and one of them would cook one Sunday, and the other one the next Sunday. That’s what I’m saying. Today is, “Let me call and see if I can come over,” [00:54:00] you know? In those days, you just came over. It wasn’t like now. And then it was all Puerto Rican food all the time. (Spanish), [00:54:14] what time is it? 53 �WA: I know, yeah. JJ: Okay, yeah, so we’re gonna kinda wind down. Okay, so what’s the biggest thing you remember about growing up in Lincoln Park? MA: That mostly, it was all Puerto Rican, and we all got along. We never had any, you know, “Don’t go walking on that side of the street,” or, “Don’t look at him.” We all got along perfect. And, you know, of course, there’s always a little mishap with people, but it wasn’t to that degree that you had to call the police or -- you know, everybody tried to get along with each other. Today, it’s hard, you [00:55:00] know? Neighbors are not that friendly. Everybody keeps to themselves, you know? JJ: Did you like Lincoln Park, or...? MA: Oh, yeah, I was happy there. JJ: That’s a trick question. That’s kinda a leading question. MA: No, at that time, you know, I was a kid. Those are memories that -- we had a family. What was their last name? Puerto Rican. They lived on top of Clyde’s Donuts. They had 22 children, so we had all kinds of kids to play with. (laughs) You’ll never guess -- and that’s the guy, Bendito. He was a very -- they all sang. They played guitar, (Spanish), [00:55:44] Fred? They were unbelievable, these people. They were from my mother’s town, Cidra. I don’t know if you’re -- JJ: Oh, the 22 were Puerto Rican. And he played guitar on the [side?]? MA: They had their own band. JJ: Folk music, [00:56:00] or...? MA: No, they had everything. 54 �JJ: (Spanish) [00:56:01] and all of that? MA: And I remember the daughter -- WA: And one of them -- MA: -- sang beautiful, Anjelina. WA: -- was a pilot in Puerto Rico. MA: Yeah, some of them moved back to Puerto Rico. JJ: So you know who else lived on Webster? This guy named [Ito?]. Do you remember him? WA: Oh, Ito, yes. JJ: What do you remember about Ito? WA: Man, Ito, Maria. MA: (Spanish)? [00:56:23] WA: (Spanish). [00:56:23] You know, he passed away. JJ: Oh, no, I didn’t know that. WA: Yeah, Ito died. He was a tall guy. We called him Ito. [That was his name]. MA: I used to remember [Fransico?]. WA: No, but Ito -- JJ: Oh, Elvis Presley. Wasn’t that Elvis? WA: Well, Ito was the one that was in -- JJ: Wasn’t he Elvis Presley in the neighborhood? WA: I don’t know about Elvis Presley, but -- MA: My cousin used to be Elvis Presley. JJ: [Oh, he was?]? 55 �MA: He used to love Elvis Presley. WA: He did, yes. MA: Hector. WA: Hector, yeah. JJ: Hector? WA: Her cousin. MA: They had a band. I’m pretty sure you knew them. JJ: What’s the name of that band? MA: I forgot the name of the band. [00:57:00] It was him, my other cousins like I told you, David -- WA: They were first cousins. MA: There used to be there with you guys, your -- JJ: Oh, us, with the Young Lords? MA: Yeah, they had a band. JJ: David -- MA: Johnny [Bettencort?] -- JJ: Vicente, the dancer? MA: That’s another guy. JJ: That was another band. MA: Yeah, I remember that name. JJ: His brother had -- WA: Yeah, so -- MA: But Hector and them -- what were they called? Darn it, I forgot. 56 �JJ: And there was some that dressed up like some kind of vampires or something like that, (Spanish) [00:57:28] or something like that. MA: Right, yeah. But that’s one -- JJ: But Ito used to get on the stage and sing Elvis. You don’t remember him -- WA: Maybe I do. JJ: -- and the dances? Ito used to get on the stage -- MA: Oh, I believe you, but I don’t -- JJ: -- and sing Elvis. You don’t remember something? Okay. WA: Yeah, I don’t know. JJ: But you said something? WA: He did Elvis? MA: Yeah, my cousin was a little -- WA: Hector. MA: Hector. He played in a band, and they used to know the Young Lords. It was David Bettencort -- JJ: (Spanish). [00:57:56] MA: -- Louis Bettencort, Johnny [00:58:00] Bettencort. They were three brothers and him, Hector Sias. He was part of the group. JJ: Okay, so they had -- WA: He played the keyboard. JJ: Okay, so I know that they had bands. Some of them looked like The Beatles. MA: Yeah, I think it was in Westley. WA: Yeah, they used to dress like that. 57 �MA: I think that was them, yeah. JJ: Yeah, that was them. MA: They used to dress with the black arrow. They had, you know, the little... WA: Yeah, it was the -- MA: Yeah, that was them. JJ: Yeah, ’cause we had our own bands in the neighborhood, all different bands. MA: Yeah, Swiss Hall, they used -- JJ: At Swiss Hall, yeah. MA: -- to play a lot. JJ: That’s where I -- MA: I remember that, yeah. JJ: So that’s them. I think [it was that band?]. MA: But I don’t -- JJ: And there was another group called The Vampire. It was a different group. MA: Oh, that one, I don’t know. But I forgot their name. JJ: And then they had salsa bands that were starting at that time too with Caribe Ruiz. He was [up there?]. MA: Oh, yeah, he was a big part of the community. JJ: Did you go to the Puerto Rican Congress? WA: (Spanish). [00:58:52] MA: Oh, yeah, (Spanish). [00:58:53] JJ: Did you go to the (Spanish)? [00:58:55] MA: Oh, yeah. 58 �WA: It was down on North Avenue. JJ: What about The Post? Do you remember the [00:59:00] Legion Post for the soldiers? MA: No, that, I don’t -- WA: No, that one, (inaudible). JJ: They had [that on?] -- MA: But yes, (Spanish) Caribe [00:59:07] was very -- JJ: Yeah, he was one of the -- MA: -- influential with the Puerto Rican... JJ: Yeah, that’s right because you said you sold tickets for the parade. MA: Mm-hmm. No, but -- JJ: And that’s what they did at the (Spanish) [00:59:16] back then? MA: Right, yeah, once. WA: Yeah, at (Spanish). [00:59:19] JJ: Okay. Did you sell for that, or...? MA: No, I don’t -- JJ: Not for the -- okay. Now, there was a thing -- do you remember that St. Michael’s had a carnival? And I think there was a big fight. MA: Oh, yeah. WA: There was a big carnival. JJ: One year, there was a big fight. What do you remember of the carnival? MA: (laughs) I remember the fight. JJ: Oh, you remember the fight? 59 �MA: Don’t you remember the fight? WA: No. JJ: It was a -- MA: Wasn’t that the one with (Spanish) [00:59:45] Miguel, Louis Sias? WA: No. MA: Fred, I remember. WA: The one that you’re thinking about -- MA: Was it somewhere different? WA: On North Avenue. MA: Oh, on North Avenue. WA: Miguel’s uncle lives in that area. It’s the north area way [01:00:00] west. MA: Oh, okay, maybe I’m getting confused. WA: I can’t think of the street. Was it North Avenue? MA: I know there was a carnival, and there were some Italians or -- WA: Yeah, it was an Italian area. JJ: Oh, yeah, by the gang lords of (Spanish). [01:00:12] WA: I don’t know, but I know that’s by where the race track is. But I forgot the name of the race track already. JJ: Oh, that’s the race track? WA: On North Avenue and -- MA: Wood. WA: -- Cumberland. JJ: Cumberland? Okay. 60 �WA: That’s where it is, in Cumberland. MA: Yeah, I know where you mean. WA: That’s where -- JJ: The Hawthorne race track? WA: Not Hawthorne, though. It was in -- MA: It was in Oakwood or Maywood. WA: Maywood, yes. MA: Maywood. JJ: Maywood, yeah. That’s what I mean, that one, yeah. WA: Yeah, it was -- JJ: There was a fight in there? WA: -- in that area out there, yeah. There was a fight, yeah, and it was my (Spanish), [01:00:40] Miguel Claudio. I don’t know if you remember Miguel, Sean’s father. And -- MA: Somebody -- WA: -- he didn’t do anything. MA: Right, but they -- WA: And actually, it was a guy from the Paragons. MA: Yeah, I didn’t wanna say nothing, but... WA: And they blamed my (Spanish), [01:00:56] Miguel. And Frank Regio, you know -his [01:01:00] uncle had done that. JJ: Oh, Miguel, Crazy Johnny’s brother or somebody? WA: No. 61 �JJ: Okay, so that -- WA: He didn’t know Crazy Johnny. See, he only had two brothers, and it wasn’t him. JJ: Oh, okay, that wasn’t him. WA: Yeah, but it’s the -- JJ: No, Johnny was the Gonzales [family?]. MA: Oh, yeah, I remember him. JJ: You remember him? WA: Johnny, yeah. MA: Johnny Gonzale, yeah. WA: That’s Jose Gonzale’s brother. Johnny was in (Spanish). [01:01:21] JJ: Right, (Spanish), [01:01:23] yeah WA: That’s Jose’s brother. JJ: Mm-hmm. Anything else you wanna add? MA: No, that’s all. WA: [We gotta get outta here?]. JJ: I want to thank you very much. MA: You’re welcome. JJ: Thanks so much. MA: You gave me a lot of -- to look back. (laughs) JJ: Yeah, you can -- WA: Yeah, to remember. JJ: Okay, stop -- 62 �END OF VIDEO FILE 63 � https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/e7f46c0b34154719290123deead72508.mp4 eee7c764505b966ef67a9849ba842cad Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Young Lords in Lincoln Park Collection Subject The topic of the resource Young Lords (Organization) Puerto Ricans--United States Civil Rights--United States--History Lincoln Park (Chicago, Ill.) Personal narratives Social justice Community activists--Illinois--Chicago Description An account of the resource Collection of oral history interviews and digitized materials documenting the history of the Young Lords Organization in Lincoln Park, Chicago. Interviews were conducted by Young Lords' founder, José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez, and documents were digitized from Mr. Jiménez' archives. The Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection grows out of the ongoing struggle for fair housing, self-determination, and human rights that was launched by Mr. José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez, founder of the Young Lords Movement. This project is dedicated to documenting the history of the displacement of Puerto Ricans, Mejicanos, other Latinos, and the poor from Lincoln Park, as well as the history of the Young Lords nationwide. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jiménez, José, 1948- Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/491">Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection (RHC-65)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-04-25 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng spa Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-65 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 2012-2017 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Título Spanish language Title entry Maria Aviles vídeo entrevista y biografía Descripción Spanish language Description entry La historia oral de Maria Aviles, entrevistado por Jose 'Cha-Cha' Jimenez el 09/27/2018 acerca de los Young Lords en Lincoln Park. Sujetos Spanish language Subject terms Young Lords (Organización) Puertorriqueños--Estados Unidos Derechos civiles--Estados Unidos--Historia Lincoln Park (Chicago, Ill.) Narrativas personales Justicia social Activistas comunitarios--Illinois--Chicago Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-65_Aviles_Maria Title A name given to the resource Maria Aviles video interview and transcript Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Aviles, Maria Description An account of the resource Oral history of Maria Aviles, interviewed by Jose 'Cha-Cha' Jimenez, on 09/27/2018 about the Young Lords in Lincoln Park. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jiménez, José, 1948- Subject The topic of the resource Young Lords (Organization) Puerto Ricans--United States Civil Rights--United States--History Lincoln Park (Chicago, Ill.) Personal narratives Social justice Community activists--Illinois--Chicago Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Young Lords collection (RHC-65) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-09-27 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives