517 24 26018 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/e6fe25b6043eb61c87cdf1ecad88f045.jpg 2c772fa96ee39dc6ef11176f1333f90a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LubbersArend_Photo20 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Lubbers, Arend D. Description An account of the resource Arend D. Lubbers, President of Grand Valley State University, 1969-2020 Arend D. Lubbers, President of Grand Valley State University, 1969-2001 Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College administrators Universities and colleges – Faculty Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4a752a33a26d5e477870ebbdc8df8b6a.jpg e1dc6086ef8203dce0bdd1f45849ccae Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LubbersArend_Photo21 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Lubbers, Arend D. Description An account of the resource Arend D. Lubbers, President of Grand Valley State University, 1969-2021 Arend D. Lubbers, President of Grand Valley State University, 1969-2001 Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College administrators Universities and colleges – Faculty Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/5664c206d534d72ff5dcb8890dac2d55.jpg 8961e82796fc5896f9d4b52bdd3413fa Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LubbersArend_Photo22 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Lubbers, Arend D. Description An account of the resource Arend D. Lubbers, President of Grand Valley State University, 1969-2022 Arend D. Lubbers, President of Grand Valley State University, 1969-2001 Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College administrators Universities and colleges – Faculty Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c589d905083299445b3c97fc2a7c5e19.jpg f1659839f452ad57b250ed1d3530c9e8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LubbersArend_Photo23 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Lubbers, Arend D. Description An account of the resource Arend D. Lubbers, President of Grand Valley State University, 1969-2023 Arend D. Lubbers, President of Grand Valley State University, 1969-2001 Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College administrators Universities and colleges – Faculty Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/9bab1480b4ede39cf7cf0ae449ec9c69.jpg d198035d85618cfc829d21d96f4839ed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LubbersArend_Photo24 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Lubbers, Arend D. Description An account of the resource Arend D. Lubbers, President of Grand Valley State University, 1969-2024 Arend D. Lubbers, President of Grand Valley State University, 1969-2001 Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College administrators Universities and colleges – Faculty Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/ea6c890775698ccd6e51373031757aab.jpg 7116dfe894d10d0aaa99d99c5dfe1f24 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LubbersArend_Photo25 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Lubbers, Arend D. Description An account of the resource Arend D. Lubbers, President of Grand Valley State University, 1969-2025 Arend D. Lubbers, President of Grand Valley State University, 1969-2001 Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College administrators Universities and colleges – Faculty Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/88bd4dc4a20732e036836d1763569151.jpg 24b9e7babb2b903215741734268f2be9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LubbersArend_Photo26 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Lubbers, Arend D. Description An account of the resource Arend D. Lubbers, President of Grand Valley State University, 1969-2026 Arend D. Lubbers, President of Grand Valley State University, 1969-2001 Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College administrators Universities and colleges – Faculty Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/36cb2ad95a43843d07a46b29a0a729a5.jpg 6d4ed7080835f212e6b6bd4eeb4bbf3b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LubbersArend_Photo27 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Lubbers, Arend D. Description An account of the resource Arend D. Lubbers, President of Grand Valley State University, 1969-2027, stands beside Russel Kirkhof. Arend D. Lubbers, President of Grand Valley State University, 1969-2001 Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College administrators Universities and colleges – Faculty Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/a8764fdc4d312d32d1d3afbd4babeaac.jpg ab36e909785e9844658a3f0c257ba202 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LubbersArend_Photo28 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Lubbers, Arend D. Description An account of the resource Arend D. Lubbers, President of Grand Valley State University, 1969-2028 Arend D. Lubbers, President of Grand Valley State University, 1969-2001 Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College administrators Universities and colleges – Faculty Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/3cd55d3b952148210e50bbe93e70195e.mp4 3f2b6e4b3cf551b71f3f8f0c4cac8df8 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/09a0eeb80087610eee098b278c8becd8.pdf 48a6eed4c6a8d54234ba0a644de38699 PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans History Project Interview Art Lucas (01:01:00) (00:17) Background Information • • • • • • • • He was born in Michigan in 1922 Art was eight years old when the Depression hit Everyone in the community went to the same church He had never even heard of Catholicism until he went to high school His home town was focused around farming Art farmed his whole life except while in service He just sold his farm a few years ago He had previously been a supervisor in the township; he held the position for 25 years (2:35) The Depression • The Depression effected his life in all aspects and still does today • No one had very much money at the time and the banks were only giving back ten percent of what people had actually saved • He graduated from high school and worked in a factory for a while • In 1941 Art attended Michigan State University for one term • The government ordered him to get a physical, yet he was deferred from joining the service for a while because he had acquired farming skills (5:50) The Draft • The government told him that they would like to have him stay in the US because of his farming skills • They told him “you will do a lot more good out here on the farm than you will ever do in the Navy.” (6:45) The Navy • Art was eventually sworn into the service and said that “boot camp was a serious business.” • They trained a lot to become more disciplined • In the service you must always do what you are told to without thinking about it (7:35) Great Lakes Naval Base, Chicago • Much of their training did not even involve boats or ships • He trained in Chicago for eight weeks • He and twenty other men were shipped to New York for school • They went to Virginia for two months to form a crew • In Virginia, they lived in small tents outside during the winter �• They then went on a ship to Baltimore and then took a train to Pittsburgh (10:15) 328 Foot Long LSTs • The ships were made in a plant on the Ohio River • The Landing Ship Tanks were 50 feet wide • Art was stationed near this plant for ten days while their ship was finished • He and his crew then left down the Mississippi River (11:40) Art is Assigned to be a Signal Man • Signalmen talk to other ships through signals; they use flashing lights, Morse code, and flags • His job was held on the tower of the boat on the way to New Orleans • They were able to open ship doors while out at sea, which would let in about four feet of water • They stopped at Mobile, Alabama to load the ship at a tank deck • They loaded the ship with five hundred pound bombs that were three feet high each • They then filled open compartments with aviation gas • They ship was really just like a giant bomb • In Okinawa a ship got hit by a kamikaze and the whole ship exploded (16:20) Art Visited the Panama Canal Briefly (16:50) Hawaii • They spent only one week in Hawaii in 1945 • They were then sent to Okinawa (17:40) Okinawa: September 1945 • This is a big long island near the China Sea with many kamikazes in the area • Art said that the guys in Iraq are also trying these kamikaze techniques; “it’s old stuff, they are not using anything new.” • They used a smoke machine that made smoke twenty feet deep on the USS Pennsylvania to confuse the kamikazes • They eventually had to leave the harbor two ships at a time because of a typhoon • This happened twice while they were out at sea during a typhoon (21:25) The Typhoon • The ship would actually bend in such a strong storm • Typhoons are like American hurricanes • They would be out for three days before they were in the eye of the storm • It is not possible to cook on a ship during a typhoon so everyone just gets really tired and sleeps the whole time • Typhoons produce fifty foot waves • They had been in Okinawa unloading bomb when the storm hit (25:10) Going on Shore in Okinawa �• • • • • • His brother was at Okinawa also and had arrived there one day before Art There were also Italians in Okinawa; it was a tough fight for the marines They also went to Manila to load up food and bear there You can’t drink water in that area or anything that is even cooked with water They then headed towards Japan to unload box cars There are no sandy beaches in Japan; it’s just rocks with caves every so often (28:40) Nagasaki • The bomb was dropped here in August, while Art had arrived in October • Art went on shore and took pictures, but it made some people angry • They were allowed to go back to the US on January 5th • They went straight home, traveling 6,000 miles to San Diego • It took them 27 days and they did not even see another ship light or anything that resembled land • The ship had a bunch of holes in it the whole way back, but they were unable to fix them at the time (31:20) Washington • They were sent to a big ship yard to get their ship fixed • They then went to Oregon where many men were being decommissioned (33:15) Art was Discharged May 1946 • He went back home to Michigan • He was part of the 52-20 club, which gives you $20/week for 52 weeks • Art decided to not take the checks after one weeks pay because he had two good hands and could work just fine • Art said that the Navy was a great experience if you came back uninjured (34:40) Post-War Military • Some men stayed in the service and received a bonus • Art was too independent to stay in the service and moved back to Lucas, Michigan (35:35) Chicago • Art knew a girl in Chicago and while on his way home in a train, he stopped by her house • Art worked in Chicago for about six months and then they got married • They moved to Wisconsin because he had heard that there were lots of farms there • Later they moved to Michigan because the cost of milk was much higher there (37:40) The Michigan Farm • They first purchased 80 acres and soon after purchased another 120 acres (38:50) Showing of Pictures Taken in Nagasaki • They were very close to the destruction �• • • • All the newspapers had said that nothing will grow there again for at least another one thousand years, yet Art found potatoes growing there just two months after the bomb had been dropped There was a barbed wire fence that had been completely melted together There were huge trees up the sides of mountains that had been blown over Art had seen pictures of the same area 25 years later and the city had completely been rebuilt (44:10) The Japanese • Art stated that the Japanese “were really interested in us.” • Hirohito was like a god to them; he was able to get young men to gives their lives up for him so that they would be guaranteed into heaven; “it's really not that different from Islam.” • Those men had been brain-washed to die for their religion and Hirohito (49:00) The Quartermaster • Both quartermasters had been taken off his ship and Art then became the quartermaster • The new job came with a lot of responsibility • He used a sexton to take sights of the stars (51:45) Showing of Pictures of Planes, Factories in Japan, Wrecked Cities in Japan, and the USS Pennsylvania (53:35) Reunions • There have been reunions with the men from the service every year for the past forty years • It’s getting harder for Art to attend these every year • The next reunion is in San Antonio and the last was in St. Louis (58:00) Showing of Pictures of Japan and the Philippines   �• "TWO YEArsrsFOHE THE MAST. It ~ ~ Greetings from the Fresident were received via the draft board on May 9, 1944. lvlay- lOth, I took my official leave from ~.assaukee County for Detroit where I was sworn into the U.S. Navy, a maneuver that took fifteen·se-conds on the ships clock. Proceeded from Detroit to Great Lakes Naval Training Station via the "Milk" -train. After five weeks of -Boot Trainingll arrived home on a nine day- -Boot lf leave. Leave was over all too soon and back to Great Lakes. 'From there to sampeea, New York for four months Signalman training. : tJovember 6, 1944, we graduated and were granted a five day leave. Home-,again! Re-ported in to Camp Bradford, Norfolk, Virginia. Aft·er four mQnthsof traiaing for L.S. T. erew;s, we aga.in graduated. Anotller leaveo! eleven days. People at home were beginning to wonder whether I was in the Navy or just p;omeon leaVte a.ll the time. ­ '; MY L Back to Camp Bradford. ·On March 13th we bid farewell to-Norfolk and proceede.d by ferry to Baltimore, Maryland where we boarded ene of the Pennsyl vania Railroad t s 1890 model trains for the trip t.o Pit'tsbttt'gb.~ Arrived in the Smokey C1 ty nene too olean. Enjoyed Ptttsbul7:gh hosp-1tal1ty for two weeks. . Boarded a new L. S. T. Ma.reh 27, 1945 and sailed for N~wOrleans by way of th,e Ohio and Miss:is.sippi Rivers. After a week"~otfitt1n-g out in New Oi"leans r . left- for st. Andrews Bay, Florida" _T'f{O - we,eks train1ng cruis-e and back to New O;r1eaRs. Went over to see Adr:iiam Lucas at Keesler Field, Milssissippi at this ~ir.ne. Another wee~ at New OrLeane and then to Mobilje. Alabama '-f~r a ~~. to take oV'erse~s. . Spe!)t another half day with Adrian. Ma.y 12, 1945, --said goodbye to Q. S-.shoree.,~fnd proceeded to Pan$la Canal. Arrived.in one w~ekffu11y 1ndoc.trinate-d into life aboard .sh Ip, -~ent through one of man fa g~tefltenginee-r1b.g feats and we were on the blue Pacific. Aftarthrae we'6ks wearri ved in Hawaii. Spent a week enjoying their sunshine -and-.lied ·fo-I" Eneowe'tek-e« Arrived: in about it-en days and after one night proe:eededto Ul1th1 atoll. In ten daN'S we ar.ri ved in..o.ne of the .fin~stsalt watet;' swimming p,~ls in the pacific. Three weeks in. Uli thi and we sail$<!--.tor5aipan. Over­ night and lotte morning,oi\fr-- again, this time fllr -Okinawa.. We arrived at Okinawa JUly 28, 1945. Ab-eut t'pree d$Ys later, ~et,.}Sy brother Jactlb for about the first time in a.bout:thr..eey~ars_. We also saw Bob Bosscher 'here too. In fact 1 I saw SO ~anyofmy relatives in Okinawa,W"8 deci~ed to hold the. reunionthere'f.-hat y'ea.r. owt. the f$'l1~s at llomes'ijt«Mttt to ;come, 5(1) ,we df <in" t. Af'ter'thl,rty days· th~:re_ dm-ins which ti~ Japan :had. sur:r-ende:red, we went to Leyt.e~ Ras.a thr&ugh a typhoon on- the VlaJ,y down but:ar~ived~afe 1y ~ LeY'tEh • We. WlJ.·oaded t:here and went to Snbio B.ay where we load-e:d tr09p5 bo.uP-d f~,,# Japan. After a. few da-ys we prO'eeeded toLingayenGulf-~ After a sho,r'ts'taYt we went to Sasebo, Japan. The Ja.:p_ane$-egreeted us with clo:$ed. aTmS and cold stares. We so-en 'won t~eir _confi@nee,\:however, wi th _,,~~urep1!)eolate bars and cigarettes. \'i'hile in the Japanef?ea.rea, we made two trips down to Nagasaki where they dropped one atomic bomb. A very awe.... lnspiring scene greeted us when we viewed it for the first time. I have some pictures of it at home. �Page 2--My -Two Years Before The Mast.­ January 3, 1946 we sailed for the U. S. A. once again and atter 27 days landed at San Diego. While there I had oeoas~on to see Beatrice BossCh:e1;' and her husband and Bob Bosseher·. ~e+tn,. This Luca.srelatlon crops up all over, doesntt it? We SOCQ. lut fo:r; Bremerton, Wash1M~on .a.nd fram. there we went to Astor£a.., Oregon. After a couple ~.~ w8.eks wentllp the r1v~r to Pt>rt1.and,; Oregon where I was finally S8I)·t home en leave .again. Aftar thiny4four days o~ Lucas bospitalj;tY;., I report:e4 '1n"to Great Lakes f~r'41scharge "hieh I r~i ved !(a.y a~ . . 1946. . ".: .. Now I am about·t.6 be marri~ t.o Miss' NellieKorte.ev~n of ChicaSO•.. Il11nois. An:otb~~. Nellle' :i;n the family. . � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LucasA Title A name given to the resource Lucas, Arthur (Interview outline, video, and papers), 2007 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lucas, Arthur Description An account of the resource Art Lucas was born in a small farm town in Michigan in 1922. There he acquired farming skills that would help him to avoid being drafted into the war at the very beginning. Lucas became eligible for the draft and decided to enlist in the Navy serving on an LST as a signalman and then as a quartermaster between 1944 and 1946. He has photographs taken in Japan after Nagasaki had been bombed. After serving, he continued farming and in Michigan was voted supervisor of his township for 25 consecutive years. Personal narrative, "My Two Years Before the Mast" is appended to the interview outline. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Veterans Video recordings United States. Navy World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-09-20 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/391c31c368af72cf29d6de944b760909.mp4 fd3760f61e9bfc191af3b5316b6d13e9 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/78f8a962d87e209a02e05822a806261d.pdf bb256926b85f69c5c008d3a0b5e6804f PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans History Project Interview Name of War: World War II Interviewee name: Jacob Lucas Length of Interview: 40 minutes Pre-Enlistment (02:45) • Childhood (02:53)   o • Lucas was born on March 23, 1924. (02:55)   Background (03:05)   o Served with the Seabees, which was a construction branch of the Navy, while deployed  in the Pacific during WWII. (03:10)  Enlistment/Basic Training (03:22)   • Background (03:23)  o Was living in Michigan working for Chris Craft for a year. (03:26) Briefly mentions what  career experience he had before joining the Seabees in construction. (03:30)   o  Briefly describes what type of basic training he had and what that entailed. (03:55) Had  4 weeks of basic training and an additional 2 weeks of extended training entailing firing  carbines on a gun range. (04:33)   o The Seabee group he was with was responsible with much of the construction and  building and not much of the fighting. (05:50)   o Joined the Seabees sometime in December 1942 from which time he entered basic  training. (06:12)  ƒ Briefly describes the types of food and what sleeping conditions were like while  in basic training. (06:36)     ƒ Of the training he learned he enjoyed building the most and blasting coral.  Briefly a few of the different experiences he had with blasting coral. (07:30)   o Mentions the different types of heavy equipment he had at his disposal with his own  van. (08:31)   o Being with the same group for 2 ½ years he grew to know them well. Briefly describes  what sort of heavy equipment his superiors were in charge of maintaining. (08:51)   �Active Duty (10:34)  • Background (10:40)   o Attaining the rank of a 3rd‐class gunnery sergeant he briefly describes his responsibilities  in the managing of heavy equipment. (10:54) Briefly describes what this entailed while  also mentioning that his last job was making an airstrip on Okinawa. (11:05)   • New Caledonia (12:17)   o Shipped out from California, 60 miles northwest of Los Angles. Took 30 days to get  there. Stayed there from June/July to November. (12:37) Stayed there from mid‐ June/July to early November. (12:49)   • New Guinea (12:50)   o From there he went first to Milne Bay and then to Finschafen by taking an LST there by  night. (12:52)   • Main Responsibilities (13:01)  o Shows pictures of what sort of work he did looked like. (13:13)   o He also built smaller navy air strips up to a 1/3 of a mile long on various islands. (13:42)  To do this he describes what the blasting of underneath the water to make way for the  leveling of the land with heavy machinery looked like. (14:07)  • Living Conditions abroad (15:27)   o For living arrangements they lived in quonset huts and what his mornings were like. Also  shows various pictures of what he did. (15:30)  • Combat experience in the Admiralty Islands (17:10)   o The closest Lucas came to being in combat was in the Admiralty Islands while helping to  build air strips. When first landing on islands they would either go in with the U.S. Army  or the Marines to do construction work. (17:50)   ƒ The average age for a Seabee was 35 even though Lucas was 18 when he went  overseas. (18:25)   ƒ Describes his thoughts about the Navy and working with an Australian artillery  company. (19:37)   • Other Responsibilities and living conditions (20:14)   �o Lucas mentions that they were also responsible for making steel pontoons and for  measuring them. (20:25)   o Much later Seabees were in smaller groups and carried fold‐up bridges. (21:19)   o While overseas, at night Lucas would sleep around mosquito netting and take atabrine  to keep up his immunity against yellow fever and malaria. (22:05)   • Other stories (22:49)   o Mentions that he kept up a 15 month correspondence with his future wife while staying  in constant contact with his family. (22:55)   o Lucas joined the Seabees specifically because ever since he had been a kid he had  always wanted to be a builder. (23:57)   o Going Home (25:05)  ƒ Leaving the Pacific and going home he landed in San Francisco where he  remembers seeing “Welcome Home Troop” signs from 40‐miles out. (25:21)  ƒ Was given a train ticket upon being discharged but because the trains were so  packed he had to wait six days to go home. Meanwhile, he took the  opportunity to visit his aunt and uncle who lived in Alameda, California for four  days. (26:10)   After the Service (26:35)   • Adjusting to Home (26:42)   o For Lucas the switch from military service to working around the clock for his  supervisors was not too difficult. His handling of heavy equipment and blasting  responsibilities helped him to learn to work quickly. (27:06)   o Lucas mentions that all the letters sent from his congregation at Lucas CRC his mother  kept. Basically these were all letters from servicemen who went to his church. (29:04)  o Spends a good amount of the time with the interviewer showing him pictures of ‘muddy  places,’ a notebook of the people who put the pictures together, and a map of all the  places he was deployed at. For example, such places included the Admiralty Islands,  Lea in New Guinea, New Caledonia, and Okinawa. (30:01)   • Interview Ends (39:14)   � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LucasJ Title A name given to the resource Lucas, Jacob (Interview outline and video), 2004 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lucas, Jacob Description An account of the resource Jacob Lucas is a World War II veteran who served in the Seabees, a construction branch of the Navy, from December 1942 to 1945. In this account, Lucas discusses his pre-enlistment, enlistment and basic training in the U.S. and his service time abroad in the Pacific. He goes into some depth about his responsibilities as a Seabee in Okinawa, New Caledonia, New Guinea and the Admiralty Islands. Lucas concludes his interview by showing pictures and newspaper clippings from that time. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Mangione, Nathaniel (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Veterans Video recordings United States. Navy World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2004-04-19 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/020c00c0116a321b5e6d9f3ee74fa00e.jpg f38457fead53252299479a34a44bc54c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_M212-0018 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1972-06/1972-08 Title A name given to the resource Luccombe, Somerset, England Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of a bird's-eye view of the village of Luccombe, located in Exmoor National Park within the county of Somerset, England. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Villages--England--Somerset Luccombe (England) Somerset (England) Exmoor National Park (England) Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/60ca171e513c4ed3f0e3b41f90bc8b63.jpg 14d8ed78a3be76a79a4ec4ddd4b70155 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_M212-0041 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1972-06/1972-08 Title A name given to the resource Luccombe, Somerset, England Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of a churchyard in the village of Luccombe, located in Exmoor National Park within the county of Somerset, England. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Churches--England--Somerset Cemeteries--England--Somerset Luccombe (England) Somerset (England) Exmoor National Park (England) Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c322c0b2e137473efb65bd982632f657.pdf cf118a48fc963659b6dd0de1c1bdd75e PDF Text Text Speaking Out Western Michigan’s Civil Rights Histories Grand Valley State University Special Collections Interviewee: Lucia Rios Interviewers: Bethanie Billing Supervising Faculty: Liberal Arts Department Location: Grand Valley State University Special Collections Date: 2/20/2012 Runtime: 01:35:10 Biography and Description Lucia Rios discusses her experiences with Spina Bifida and life in western Michigan. Transcript Bethanie: Ok, so my name is Bethanie Billing and I am here today February, Monday, February 20th, 2012 with Lucia Rios at Grand Valley State University downtown campus – Pew Campus. We are here today to talk about your experiences with civil rights in Western Michigan and now I’m going to read you the Oral History release form. Speaking Out: Western Michigan’s Civil Rights Histories. I, in your case Lucia Rios, hereby agree to participate in an interview in connection with the Oral History Project known as Speaking Out: Western Michigan’s Civil Right Histories at Grand Valley State University. I understand that the purpose of this project is to collect audio recorded oral histories as well as selected related documentary materials such as photographs and manuscripts from those knowledgeable about civil rights and civil rights activism in Western Michigan with the goal of preserving these materials and making them available for teaching and research. This may include publication in print, multimedia programs such as radio and television and the WWW among others. I understand that I may be identified by name subject to my consent. I may also be identified by name in any transcript whether verbatim or edited of such interviews subject to my consent. If I choose to remain anonymous, I know that audio recordings of my interview will be closed to use. My name will not appear in the transcript or reference to any material used in the interview. I know that in the case of choosing to remain anonymous, my interview will only be identified by an internal speaking out project tracking number. I understand the interview will take approximately two hours and that I can withdraw from the Page 1 �project without prejudice prior to the execution and delivery of this release form. In the event that I withdraw from the interview, any recordings made of the interview will either be given to me or destroyed and no transcript will be made of the interview. I understand that a photograph of me may be taken or borrowed for duplication and that if I withdraw from the project the photograph will be given to me and any copies made for the project will be destroyed. I understand that upon completion of the interview, subject to all of the other terms and conditions of this agreement, GVSU shall own the copyrights to this work and will be able to use it any manner it chooses including but not limited to use by researchers and students in presentations and publications but that I shall be given a perpetual license to use my contribution in any manner or any medium as long as I notify GVSU prior to such use. I understand that any restrictions as to the use of portions of the interview indicated by me will be edited out of the final copy of the transcript. I understand that upon the completion of this interview and signing the release, the recordings, photographs, and one copy of the transcript will be kept in Grand Valley State University’s Libraries Special Collections in Allendale, Michigan. If I have questions about the research project or procedures I know that I can contact Dr. Melanie Schellweis in the department of Liberal Studies, 227 Lake Ontario Hall, Grand Valley State University, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI 49404. Phone number (616) 331-0859 or via e-mail at shellm@gvsu.edu and then umm… you can choose to initial where you would like if you agree to be identified by name in any transcript or in reference to any information contained in this interview or you wish to remain anonymous in any transcript or reference to any information contained in this interview. Bethanie: Alright. So then we have to date them and sign them and then umm, we’d also like your address and phone number and then umm we’ll sign our names or I’ll sign my name. Lucia Rios: Ok. (laughs) Ryan: Also, just so you know the interview might not last the full two hours. Lucia Rios: Ok. Ryan: Our teacher said anywhere between 60 minutes to 90 minutes. Bethanie: However long we feel comfortable or you had a chance to tell us your story. Lucia Rios: Ok. Do I sign these too? Bethanie: Yes, please and then can you also sign this one because errr… Page 2 �Lucia Rios: Do you want me to put all the information down again? Bethanie: Umm, I think if you just sign yours and then I’ll and then your name and then I’ll sign my name because you get to take that copy with you. Lucia Rios: Ok. Bethanie: So that you know what you agreed to. (Laughing) Ryan: Plus you know where you live. (Laughing) Bethanie: Yeah. Lucia Rios: Yeah, I know. Ok. (silence, signing papers) Bethanie: Ok. So, ummm, do you want to start off giving us some background information about you like… Lucia Rios: Yeah. Bethanie: When you were born and where you were raised and… Lucia Rios: Ok. Bethanie: What it was like… Lucia Rios: Ok. (Laughing) Umm, well my name is Lucia Rios and I was born on March 26th, 1980 so I’m a little bit older than you guys (laughing) and I was actually born and raised in Holland, Michigan. And so umm, my parents are both Mexicans, American raised. My dad was born in Mexico but my mom was born in Indiana but my dad ended up becoming a U.S. citizen when he was, when he was I think younger. So then he moved here when he was like 6 so that’s kind of that. So umm, but I actually am the 3rd of 4 children. So I have two older sisters and then a younger brother and we are all two years apart so my mom and dad were very… (laughing) Julie: Consistent. Page 3 �Lucia Rios: (laughing) Consistent, yeah. So umm, but actually I’m the only one in my family, in my immediate family that has a significant disability so I was born with what’s called spina bifida Julie: Ok. Lucia Rios: And you’ve probably heard of it because it’s actually, umm, one of the most common birth defects. Umm, that’s been around. I mean, that’s very common so umm, it is umm, can be so severe that babies die when they are born and or but it can be very umm, not as severe where people don’t even notice it right away maybe until later on in life, I mean. You know it can be to the effect of where a baby can’t walk to people can walk but maybe they have some of the effects of the spina bifida. So, at one point while I was forming in my mom’s womb umm, my spinal cord opened up and so that was, everything was affected because of that. Umm, but luckily, my spinal cord closed where as some babies are born with open spines so they may have to have surgery right away and that type of thing. So I am pretty fortunate, actually. Umm, because I, I do use a wheel chair and I use crutches but ummm, I have a lot of mobility and I mean I wasn’t paralyzed and I’ve never had surgery on my back which a lot of children have and part of what’s spina bifida is a common thing is that babies are born with hydrocephalis, which is water on the brian. And so, ummm… Julie: Right. Lucia Rios: So I didn’t have to worry about that. I was not born with that. So I, I mean people kind of think that it’s funny when I say, “I’m actually pretty fortunate” because I am. I mean, it could have been a lot worse. Umm, but ummm, yeah. So I was born and my mom did not know until I was born. It’s funny because she says that she knew something was different because she said that you know how when babies are in the womb they kick… Ryan: Right. Lucia Rios: And I wouldn’t kick. I would just more like swim, it was like swimming… (Laughter) she could feel me swimming in there but I wasn’t like kicking. And so, but the doctors were like, “No, no. It’s ok. It’s ok.” Calm her down. But when I was born you know, she said that, you know, right away she knew something was wrong because umm, it was a long time, the birth. And then, the doctors she just kind of said, swarmed in like, “Ahhhh” you know and so you know, I was born with broken hips and my Page 4 �legs were kind of messed up (laughter) so I did have to have surgery on my legs when I was older though, not right away when I was a baby. So, ummm, but right away my mom just treated me like I was just a quote un-quote normal child. Ummm, but you know, she was, from the moment that I was born she already got a lot of people saying well she’s not gonna live, ummm, we can’t bring her into the room because she’s going to upset the other mothers who just had their babies. You know, things like that so right away she was, ummm, had to deal with the attitudes that people had against her child who was just a baby. Julie: Mmmhhmmm. Lucia Rios: Ummm, and so and against her for having the baby. So, umm, but you know, the doctors said, you know, you can put her in a home, you can leave her, and this is back in 1980 so it’s not like it was like the 60’s or the 50’s, you know. (mumbling in background) Lucia Rios: I was actually surprised that that was still going on. Umm, but you know, she took me home and just kind of raised me. So, ummm, but they were worried when my brother was born that he would have spina bifida as well but he turned out healthy, you know. And so, now they tell a lot of people eat folic acid. Take things with folic acid because they think that that might help prevent it. And I don’t know if it does. My mom says that she, she had a lot of foods with folic acid but you know it still ended up that way. Umm, so I think it is just kind of, I personally believe that it was, it was an event that happened and really it’s no one’s fault. Julie: Mmmhhmmm. Lucia Rios: I never blamed my mom. And I mean, I blamed God sometimes but that was sometimes when I was in college. (Laughter) But as far as, you know, it’s kind of something that happens so ummm, but you know that, they, they do try to bring more awareness about spina bifida but ummm, you know they don’t know if it’s genetic or not. Because like I said, no one in my family has it. The only other person in my family with a disability is more of a mental, well, cognitive disability. Ryan: Yeah. Page 5 �Lucia Rios: My aunt has a pretty significant, she’s more lower functioning. Umm, but with my dad’s side of the family they kind of put her in a home right away. So it was really interesting how that side of the family was like, “well, let’s just put it away” Julie: Yeah. Lucia Rios: And then, you know… Julie: Kind of sweep it under the rug. Lucia Rios: Yeah, sweep it under the rug. It was kind of like, and that was, well she was a lot older than me so that was back you know when you would expect that. So, but ummm, anyway, yeah, I mean I was umm, I guess, I mean, the whole ummm, I mean growing up, just you know, I never didn’t really know any differently because you know, it was just the way it was. Sophie: Did your mother ever like make it apparent to you that you were any different? Like, were you aware that you were different than other children? Lucia Rios: No, well it was when I started getting to be in middle school. Not, middle school, in elementary school. More when, I was getting older, umm, where kids umm, you know, would tease me sometimes, or you know I couldn’t play certain sports or do certain things. But, luckily, because of the community I grew up in and I grew up with, you know, I was in school by the time I was three years old. They thought, oh she has a disability you know, she has something wrong cognitively as well but that wasn’t the case. (Laughter) But, I mean, it did help me because umm, you know, it got me ahead. So, I was put in preschool when I was three and so luckily a lot of my, the people I went to school with, they grew up with me. So, I didn’t have to explain everything all the time. Umm, but I was in like kindergarten, I remember umm, bringing in my brace to show all my, ummm, all my, the classmates Interviewers: Mhhmmm. Lucia Rios: What it exactly was because the brace was like from mid chest all the way down and I was like a robot. (Laughter) But so, you know, there was a lot of education on my mom’s part and my teacher’s part to make sure that the students knew what was going on so that they wouldn’t tease or be scared or not be afraid to ask questions. And that, I think helped because I know that doesn’t always happen. Ryan: No. Page 6 �Lucia Rios: Umm, but you know my mom never told me that I was different. I never really felt like different until it was actually, like the actions of others that made me feel that something was wrong with me. And so, ummm, that’s kind of where it was especially in, I remember it starting in middle, elementary school which felt a little bit different or people looked at me a little bit more or people would tell me that I couldn’t do something or ummm. Or then, umm, when we’d go shopping and Holland is very conservative. Ryan: Right. Lucia Rios: And people would want to pray for me. (Laughter) People would want to pray for me and you know, people would come up to my mom and me in the grocery store and say, “If you have faith, she’ll be healed” type of thing. Interviewers: Oh. Lucia Rios: So that is kind of where actually, I started realizing that something is different with me. Because, you know, I was main-streamed when I was young. Umm, you know, the doctors appointments and things like that, it was just kind of that’s the way it always was. Umm, you know and I think the difference between me and maybe someone else who acquired a disability is that it is all I’ve known… Ryan: Right. Lucia Rios: So I don’t know what life is like without it. Where as, someone who maybe gets a spinal cord injury, they understand what life is like beforehand and then it is probably that much more harder to, to live with it or just to accept it. So, I think that’s kind of the way that it was. Ummm, my siblings all treated me the same and so did my cousins and I think they just kind of, they just, it was just the mentality of it’s just “Lucie” that’s what they called me. (Laughter) So you know, you know we’ll just accept her and that was really good. So I never really felt different from my family in that regards. Sophie: Was there ever a certain event that happened that you can remember, that you can remember distinctly when you realized, “oh well, like, I know that I’m different now” because of this certain event? Page 7 �Lucia Rios: Yeah, well I think it was when I was, ummm, as I was getting older and I was actually about fourteen years old. You know how when you’re young you daydream? You know, I was like oh I want to be a writer, oh I’m going to move to New York, oh I’m going to… (Laughter) Lucia Rios: But all those dreams that we had. And for some reason, I really thought it would be different when I grew up that I would not have the disability anymore, which is really weird to think because. And I think it partly because, I knew, at that point I knew that I was really different. You know, in middle school, I wasn’t the one that was into boys or into make-up because I was more focused on: oh, I’m gonna go to the doctor or this is going on or I had to miss school because of this. And so, I was more focused on that. And very, just like, it felt like I was a little bit, ummm, I had to think of things differently than some of my, my peers as well. But when I was fourteen years, I actually went to, umm, and I’m of shorter stature, and part of that is because of I’m, ummm, missing vertabraes in my neck and my spine. Umm, which you know, would make me a little bit shorter. (Laughter) Lucia Rios: And so, but I think that I always thought that I was going to get taller too and I don’t know why. And so, but when I was in the doctor’s office there was something, ummm, he had left and I don’t know where my mom was, she might have been there too, but I looked at my chart. And that’s the first time that I ever looked at like one of my charts and my chart was really thick. But on it, there was a word, and I can’t like, for the life of me, remember the word, but I know it was like, one of those things where it was like indefinitely, definitely – it’s gonna stay. It’s permanent. And when I saw that word it was almost like, ummm, it was almost like, it was, it was like the turning point as far as when I thought wow, this isn’t going to change. And I know it’s kind of, people think like, oh you were fourteen you should have known but… Ryan: Did that, did that hurt? Lucia Rios: I mean, that did. Ryan: Or like was it like this is how that’s going to be? You know, people can take that different ways. Lucia Rios: I think it did hurt at first because I thought, “Oh my gosh! You know, I’m not going to get taller. (Laughter) You know, and I’m not going to, and you know, wow, people are going to treat me Page 8 �differently forever.” And that’s where it hurt. It wasn’t me. And I always tell people this. I don’t feel like it’s the disability that’s a problem. Or umm, my problem but it’s the attitudes and the way others treat me and react that make the disability, ummm, a barrier. Ryan: Yeah. Lucia Rios: Because, you know, I go about and I do things. I can drive, I work, I have my own place. You know, I’m doing all this stuff. I’ve gone to college. So I haven’t let it affect me. But then, the people who are out there who say, “oh are you sure you can do that? Or, oh do you drive? Or, you work part-time, right?” Those are the things that really… Ryan: Yeah. Lucia Rios: Those are the things, that really, that cause the barriers. Ryan: Yeah. Lucia Rios: Because of the attitudes. Or a facility, an inaccessible building. If there is not an elevator, I couldn’t get up here. Or, you know, if there are stairs to a good, a popular restaurant, I can’t go in that is the barrier, not the disability. And so, umm, I think that’s kind of, how, how my view point is now to it. I don’t have a problem with it. It’s more others have a problem with it and sometimes I wonder why because I’m the one that lives with it, you know. (Laughter) Lucia Rios: So, I mean, but I mean, that, that when I was fourteen that was the moment that it changed. I remember going home and being so upset. And looking at my jeans and saying, you know, I’m never going to wear, like, adult jeans. You know, things like that. I mean, the little things. And then I thought well, you know, also, at that time I was told that I couldn’t have children either. Sophie: Really, wow. Lucia Rios: Yeah, at fourteen. So I mean, so then, that stuff too. And you know when you are little you think, oh I’m going to have a family, I’m going to have this… Sophie: Yeah. Lucia Rios: So just all of that stuff combined just kind hit home with me. Page 9 �Sophie: Yeah, are you really family oriented? Like I feel like you would be… Lucia Rios: Yeah. Yup. Yeah. Sophie: How did that information affect you because I know, like personally, family is a big thing for me too? Lucia Rios: Yeah, I mean it was, it was hard because I was, because you know you dream of all these things when you are young and you know, you talk with your friends and say, “oh you know, you’re gonna have kids…” and oh! I’m sorry! You’re a boy… and girls having periods and… (laughter) that type of thing and I didn’t have those. You know, those types of things just made me feel a little bit more different, you know, kind of like not as part of the group of people. So… Ryan: How do you feel, because I know you said that from the get go, you said that in middle school that was when you could really tell that you, that you felt different? Lucia Rios: Mhmmm. Ryan: Are you thankful that for that? Do you think that helped you in any way? Lucia Rios: Yeah, I mean… Ryan: Are you able to see things from a different point of view? Lucia Rios: Yeah, I mean, you know, it’s ok. It depends on the day, but yeah. For the most part, my attitude is I really believe that I am a spiritual person, you know, but I believe that there is a reason for my, you know, having a disability. Ryan: Right. Lucia Rios: You know, especially, because you know, with my four siblings, I was the only one that actually went to college and graduated from high school without having children. A lot of my sib… my cousins all had kids right away. So, I was the one who actually followed their dream of what they wanted to do and I think that if I didn’t, if I didn’t have the disability I wouldn’t be, you know, know that I really love writing. I wouldn’t, ummm, be as sensitive to other people as well. Ummm, and also, wouldn’t use my mind to get myself to different places, and also, yeah. I mean, because I would be like, kind of how my, my family is from generations has been working in a factory, hating my job, you know, that stuff. Bethanie: Mhhmmm. Page 10 �Lucia Rios: So I think that I had to use my mind more than I had to use anything else because I knew that I couldn’t just go into the factory and get a job. Ryan: Yeah. Yeah, to me, it seems like it’s a bit of a blessing. Lucia Rios: Yeah, I do believe that. And people think it’s kind of… people wonder why. People ask, “if you had a magic pill, would you change it?” and I’m like, “I don’t know if I would” because it’s given me a lot of opportunities and it would be very, ummm, I think I would be very naïve about the world as well. Ryan: Yeah. Lucia Rios: I mean, I see people at their best and I see people at their worst as far as the way that they treat others. Ummm, I’ve never been discriminated against because of, ummm, being a Mexican. I have been discriminated against a lot because of my disability. So… Sophie: I feel like you are a very strong person. Like you are a person who you are given an opportunity and you actually go after it… Lucia Rios: Mhhmmm. Sophie: Was there any point in your life where you, you had, like, a turning point where you had to decide, like, I can either get over it or I can use this, like, in your life? Lucia Rios: I mean, yeah. It was, it was actually in college. Sophie: Was it? Lucia Rios: It was. I mean, because I think at that point, you know, don’t get me wrong, I was very independent when I was young. My mom always made sure I was, but I still was very coddled as well. Ummm, you know, I was very, you know, my siblings took care of me, my mom took care of me, ummm, people around me took care of and at that school. So actually, when I went off to college I went to Western University in Kalamazoo, actually, I had to kind of fend for myself. I say it was a real eye opener because I had to get to class by myself in my wheelchair, use transportation, ummm, figure out how I was gonna eat, where I was gonna eat. You know, all of that stuff, and so, I think that was where it was like, I was, I did go through a lot and I won’t lie a lot of depression during that time (laughter) you know, like any student. But, I think that especially, and I kind of joked, that was when I kind of blamed God, you know because I was still trying to figure out, I mean, especially with all, I mean high school, I was so glad Page 11 �to get out of high school, but college is such a different story. I mean, you still try to fit in and you’re not the ideal looking person like everyone else is blonde haired and blue eyed. (Laughter) Ryan: Yeah. Lucia Rios: I mean, it’s just not, there’s so much people look at you and they are like, “Oh my gosh!” You know, where as, you know, and I joke around with my nephew because you know, he’s a teenager now and we talk about how people treat other people. And I say, “you know what?” I said, “I’m like ‘F’-ed up on the outside , you know…” (Laughter) Lucia Rios: And that’s what I say, “that’s how some people feel on the inside. So mine is on the outside, I can’t hide it, you know.” And he’s like, “no, you’re not.” But I think it’s kind of funny because it’s true. It’s like people can see it. I can’t hide anything, where as, other people can hide what they are feeling or how they feel or how they feel that they look, you know. So, ummm, yeah, college was that time where I was I had to come to terms with it. And finally, and a friend actually told me, he was like, “you have it. You need to deal with it.” And he didn’t have a disability and he was like, “you need to get over it already!” (Gasp. Laughter) Sophie: Really? Wow. Lucia Rios: Yeah, you either dwell on it forever or you need to accept it. So I had to accept it. And so, it was hard. It is not like I did it over night. I wrote a lot of sad poetry and I wrote a lot of blogging. And I did all that stuff. I did blogging before it was cool. (Laughter) Lucia Rios: So, you know, but I mean, I was a journaler so I’d write a lot and so now I look back at my, my, at those journals and I’m like, “Oh my gosh! I was so depressed!” (Laughter) Bethanie: Awwww…. Lucia Rios: But you know, it helped me though. It helped me know and to be not afraid to express how I feel. And I think I try to do that when I talk to people, especially other’s with disabilities or people to try to help them understand about disabilities is that it’s not ummm, I’m not gonna try to hide how I felt. Page 12 �You know, I’m not this, you know, I know people have the impression that people with disabilities as 1.) either very bitter, mean, (Laughter) don’t want any help. Or they see them as you know, like super gimp, like someone who is just like an inspiration, over come the odds, all of that stuff. But you know, I feel like I’m kind of in the middle. I’m like I have these different things that I’ve dealt with but I also, I’m just trying to live my life. And so, you know, so, you know, when people talk to me, when I talk to people about it, I tell them how what I’ve experienced and stuff because I’m not gonna pretend like I was happy all the time to have it because I wasn’t. And I think if you talk to a lot of different people with disabilities, even hidden disabilities… Ryan: Yeah. Lucia Rios: People will tell you that it’s not easy and there is an internal struggle. And so, I mean, and like I said, some days I, I still get annoyed and I still get upset but sometimes, it’s those constant things like, you know five people asking if I need help just as I’m walking down the sidewalk. Bethanie: Mmhhmmm. Lucia Rios: Or someone looks at me, and it’s not children that bother me, it’s the adults. (Laughter) Lucia Rios: Or someone will say something like, “Oh you need a snowblower on that thing!” or you know, things like that. Like, seriously?! Those types of things. That’s when it really picks at me and then I’m like, I just wanna… Sophie: Yeah. Lucia Rios: I just wanna get upset but then it’s kind of like, I don’t do it in public if I get upset. But then, I’m usually better afterward so… (25:12) Bethanie: Did you notice once you went to college that it was a little bit more difficult because you weren’t around the same people all the time... Lucia: (Interrupted): Yeah... Bethanie (continued :) Like, you said, like going like though like elementary, middle school, and high school Page 13 �Lucia (Interrupted): Yep Bethanie (continued): You had lots of the same kids Lucia (Interrupted): Yep, Yep Bethanie: So... Lucia: (Interrupted): Yep, same kids, same teachers. And when I went to, um, college I actually experienced discrimination for the first time... (Background): Okay Lucia: And I think that was what, you know, eh, discrimination for the first time but also accessibility issues experience like what it was really like to be someone with a disability, trying to be independent. Sophy: Uh-huh Lucia: But, um, you know, the fact that the discrimination was from a professor of mine, my English professor, and Sophy (Interrupted): Really... Lucia: Yeah, so it was really, um, it was really difficult, um, just because, um, he would do it, I don’t know why, I don’t know if he felt uncomfortable with me or what but he would say inappropriate comments to me, uhmm, you know he’d call me crippled, um, he said I had that going against me along with being a woman and a minority. You know, things like that, um he would say things about my, about the things I wrote as well, as far as like, writing about my disability even though this class was like an English 101 class and we were supposed to write about you know, what it, it was my first semester, like what it, write about what it was like to be away from home. Sophy (Interrupted): um-hum Lucia: You know so things like that, so you know. So um, he’d do a lot of it in private, cause he’d always wanna meet, he was kinda a weird guy. He’d always want to meet with his students in private for meetings and so he’d always want to do it in private. He’d write on my papers different things saying that I was trapped in a mental wheelchair, you know, things like that. It was just really weird and so actually, it actually helped me though. I, um, didn’t let him continue to do that, and it was through the Page 14 �help of another friend who encouraged me, and we actually went to the head of the English Department to talk about him, and what he was doing and I brought her all the evidence and everything. And... Sophy (Interrupted): That’s really good... Lucia (continued): And so, I was glad that I didn’t let that get me um, I didn’t let him continue to get me like that, um, I still went through the class, um you know, I got a C in the class and I felt like it wasn’t the dis- grade I deserved, so I ended up taking the class by a different professor the next semester and I got an A. (Giggles) Lucia: So I mean, you know, but I think that was actually helpful because I don’t think I would have known about advocacy for myself because I had never had to do it myself. Sophy (Interrupted) um-hum Lucia: Um, because my friend went with me but she didn’t talk for me, she didn’t do it for me; she just could see what it was doing to me and what it was like... (Interrupted): yeah... Lucia: Um, so I think that was the part, and the thing is that wasn’t just, because at first I thought I was just being sensitive, but um, other people in the class were noticing it, as well because he would also say something’s in class and they would say something to me like, “what is he doing?”. So then I knew, “Okay, well then, it’s not just me” type of thing, but you know my mom at that time, um, she really missed me and she kind of, in that too, she really was a caretaker of me, and so she would encourage me to come home, “oh, it’s okay, you tried, come home” you know and I didn’t let you know because a lot of the time I wanted to, but I didn’t let it though, (Interrupted): um-hmm Lucia: …and I’m glad I didn’t though you know. And so after that first semester, I started doing more on campus, getting more involved, um, kind of being more, looking out more for barriers, and writing about what barriers people with disabilities faced. So... Bethanie: Did you find, like what sort of barriers did you like, face like, as far as accessibility and stuff Lucia :( Interrupted): Yep, eh Page 15 �Bethanie (continued)...In college? Lucia: Um, you know, um buildings you know Western was really old. Some of the places were old, some of the buildings that lacked accessibility, elevators that weren’t’ working so sometimes I couldn’t even get to my classes, um, you know the automatic door openers were broken, and that wasn’t like necessarily I wasn’t upset about that because of me but then I started meeting other people with disabilities and realizing some of the limitations that others had as well. Like one of my friends, who has othoratory arthritis, and I’m still friends with her today, and she um, if the button wasn’t working she had to wait outside for someone to open it for her. Rain, snow, sunshine, whatever (Background): um-hum Lucia: And that frustrated me and angered me more than myself not going and being able to go and open it myself because I had the strength to open it she physically couldn’t go over there and do that. So that’s kind of what, what I did, um like what prompted me to get more involved and um, I started, um and was really um, the person from the disable student services at Western, she knew me very well.. (Laugh) (Background laughing along) Lucia: Um because I would call there and she then she would give me numbers to call if like people to fix things and stuff like that. Snow removal was a big thing, not just for students who, I mean for any student who, I mean for everyone, it was a big deal but especially if you had to use a wheelchair, crutches or something like that so... Bethanie: Were your classes really spaced out? I mean I know Grand Valley sometime, I complain about a ten minute walk and then like if you have to go from like mackinaw to the ones on the far side... Lucia: Yeah Bethanie: Like Lake Ontario... Lucia: Yep... Bethanie: Or whatever, in the snow. Is it spread out? Page 16 �Lucia: Luckily is it, luckily I was able to use the disabilities services, which I didn’t even know that there were places like that which helped people with disabilities until I got to college. Um they, I was able to register early so that I could space out, get my classes the way that I needed them... (Interrupted): okay... Lucia: So I could get to class to class in time. So it was kinda nice so I didn’t have to take the morning classes... (Laughing) (Laughing in agreement) Lucia: You know the Friday 8 AM things like that. But it also helped me so I knew how much time I had to get to class, but like sometimes, in some of the buildings, the bathrooms weren’t accessible so I would have to go before I went to class, and if you had a three hour class, or two hour class, I mean Sophy (interrupted): Oh, that‘s a, long time.. Ryan (Interrupted): You could be uncomfortable. Lucia: Yeah, exactly, so things like that and you know my degree um, I was going into Journalism, so I had a lot of writing classes, so what I would do was um, when we were able to pick issues, I would write about accessibility because I thought, “well I can’t just complain about it, I need to educate others about it”.. (Background): um-hmm Lucia: And so I stated educating others through my writing, through my articles and then they’d say, “What can we do to help?” And I would say, “Call too!”... (Giggles) (Laughing) Lucia: “Here’s the number, say something. It’s, it doesn’t have to be just me doing it”, so. That’s where I started to get more involved in the whole disability movement; I guess you can say (laughing) (Laughing) Bethanie: Um, did you have to do any, like internships for school or like work with any organizations, like um, I know you work with Disability NetLucia (Interrupted): Network, uh-hmm Page 17 �Bethanie: …now how did yo- how did you get connected to something like that outside of school? Lucia: Okay, well you know when I was in school, I did this really big paper about accessibility in Kalamazoo and I was a- actually a- able to connect, because Disability Network is based on what’s called a Center for Independent Living so there are about 5 to 6 hundred throughout the United States. Bethanie: OK. Lucia: And so everywhere you go, you can contact your local, CIL, that’s what they call them. And so it actually started back in the 70’s in Berkley, California and kinda like just spread across the, the whole united states, and um, helping people in different, different types of people access the different resources that may- that they nee- may need, whether it’s employment, whether its housing, whether its nursing, getting out of nursing homes. You know that’s kinda the big- where it started at. You know people were um, in Berkley there, they weren’t able to go to school or they weren’t able to live in the dorms and they were forced to live sometimes in nursing homes, they didn’t have a tenant care. So that’s kinda how it all started with these individuals with really significant disabilities. Like I’m talking like people that were paralyzed from the, you know, from the head down, that started that because they wanted the same rights as people without disabilities on campus. And so it just turned into this whole big movement that is still, goes on today, and um, like in Michigan there are about 14 centers for independent living. One actually is in, um, Kent County which is Disability Advocates of Kent County. And so each Center for Independent Living focuses on their own ar-areas, so our, ours is Ottawa, Allegan Counties... (Background): okay Lucia: Um, you know Kalamazoo has one where they focus on some of their counties, so um, you know were not like territorial, we’re not like, “Oh, we’re better than you” ..(Laughing) (Laughing) Lucia: But, each community is just different, as far as what there, there need is. Um we do a lot in our organization for community work that is not just good for people with disabilities; it’s good for the whole community. Whereas, in Kalamazoo, they do a lot of case management with some of their, their clients, because that’s what’s needed there. Page 18 �(Mumbling) Lucia: So it really depends but um, actually when I had that paper, I um, found out about the Center for Independent Living in Kalamazoo and I had never heard of it, um and I was like maybe a junior when I first found out about it, so it was like, you know it as like small steps... (Agreeing): Hmm-hmm Lucia: Um, but then I also found another group actually that um, was a, a group that started in Kalamazoo that they helped people with disabilities and they, you know, they helped with certain basic needs, but also worked as advocates as well, and I can’t remember what the name is now, but I know that I um, stayed- I went there for a whole day, interviewed them all and just like, was so like, “WOW“ you know , people actually do this.. Um, so it’s- but I got my job is um, though, when I was in high school, I- one of these, (stutter) I was(Giggle) Lucia: There’s an article written about me about overcoming the odds, type of article you know, people write those as far as like, “so and so was homeless and still they- and still they went to school”. You know mine was, “She had a disability and she’s going to college now” so that was what the article was. So, the same writer who wrote about me when I was in high school, um, was looking for Thanksgiving Day stories because I graduated in December, um o I went to school for 4 and a half years and so she was looking for Thanksgiving Day stories, and so one of my, like she’s like my second mother, works in the school district in Holland, and she saw the e-mail and said, “Oh My Gosh, you need to write about so and so” you know, that type of thing, and the woman’s like “oh I remember her, I wrote her in high school”.. (Giggles) Lucia: So she thought she’d write an article about, “oh, a girl who overcomes the odds” you know “from high school and graduated from college now and an aspiring journalist” and you know that type of thing. So she wrote this article and actually it was kinda cool cause a photographer followed me around and um, you know she talked to teachers, she talked to different people. You know it was just a really big article and it was really nice ad it ran in the Kalamazoo Kazett and the Holland um- The Grand Rapids Press, but at the time, they had a Lakeshore Edition, when you know when the newspapers were a little bit more thriving …(laughing) Page 19 �Sophy (Agreeing): uh-hmm Lucia: And had a Lakeshore Edition that went all around the Lakeshore. Well the executive director in it, she talked about how my- I was advocating for accessibility on campus and how I was involved in student council and how you know, I kind of, got my voice though school, and was very passionate about people with disabilities and that I and that I had my own disabilities as well. Well the executive director saw it and um, for Disability Network, and she called me as I was working one day at school an said, “So, uh, we have an opening for a job, would you like an interview?” and I was like “Sure, why not.” (Giggles) Lucia: Because I didn’t have anything going on at the time, you know I was just ready to be done with school then I was just going to focus on, what next because at the time, I still needed to get my license... Because I was waiting until I was done with school to get my license and you know all that stuff, so I was waiting until all that was done. So I got a job- well I uh, interviewed two times and she offered me a part time position doing accessibility work in Holland- and Ottawa and Allegan counties. And so that’s kinda how I started and I’ve kinda been there- I started part time but then um, was also able to work at the Newspaper as well, the Grand Rapids Press for a short time, um. So I was doing both jobs, taking drivers training, I finally learned how to drive, which is good. And then um, I took it in Grand Rapids, so um, (laughing) (Laughing) Lucia: It was horrible, but- and I drive with hand control, so I was able- that gave me more independence. And so I was working both jobs and my boss at Disability Networks, said “I’d really would like you full time” and I said, “well, no I can’t” cause I wanted to do both. Writing was my first love and so I thought “no I can’t” but then, that, that desire to do more in the community um, was so great that, the second time she asked me, I said “ok”. Sophy: Hm-hum Lucia: And since I’ve been full time, and I’ve been there now, 9 years. Bethanie: That’s a long time... Lucia: Yeah...it’s a long time... (Interrupted laughter) Page 20 �Lucia: I know... Ryan: time flies by... Lucia: It does yeah, and the thing is, through that I’ve actually been able to do um, I’ve seen community change. I mean, accessibility, it can take years... Sophy: Mm-hmm Lucia: Forum, um, to be completed. But for people to finally get- oh yeah that’s a good idea, uum. So I’ve been able to see the change happen, but also, um because of the opportunity, I found out so much more about disability um, his-the history, but also what’s going on in the state of Michigan, regarding um, the disability rights movement and how-you know, I was excited when you sent the e-mail to me because that’s kind of something people don’t think about right away.. Sophy: Hm-hmm Lucia: They see the oh, there’s the civil rights, which the disability rights movement spawned off the Civil Rights, you know the whole, with that all came, you know so. Um then of course, the LGBTQ movement, all that stuff then they have the Woman’s Lib type stuff. But disability is just a little, little thing that people just don’t think about, but there have been a lot of big- great strides, but there’s still a lot more that needs to be done. Um, so I was excited to be involved in that, and um, you know and I mean I was still happy to do my writing thing but just in a different capacity, so. Bethanie: Um, did you find it, um, more enjoyable, err, um, exciting because it was happening in your home community Lucia: Yeah Bethanie: Like in Holland… Lucia: Yeah Bethanie: Or in that area where you grew up? Lucia: Yeah. I was, I was excite because um, you know I came back um, and left like a little girl, you know and not really knowing anything and then I came back um, with just, um, so much desire to change the world, you know I mean, and especially my community. And I had a voice too, like I wasn’t afraid to speak my mind, I wasn’t worried about what people would think, um, so I think that was, um, that that Page 21 �was the change as well, but I was able to um, yeah that made it exciting that I was able to um, that I was part of this bigger movement than just- you know I felt like I had a purpose in some of it. That I could educate people, and that’s actually what my job, I’m able to do a lot of education and teach students about um, disabilities, employment. I work a lot with youth and disabilities you know, um ad so you know I do a lot just to educate so, um, educating just by giving presentations to people all in business suits and stuff. And it feels good to be the person people look to for answers in that respect, you know, because you know, they actually want to know what you have to say. Where before I hated speech class, I hated talking in front of people; I could never do it. Because I thought my voice wasn’t, didn’t matter. It gave me more of a purpose. Bethanie: Do you like getting or interviewing, err, not interview um, presenting and talking to kids more or like people in like what you said, in business suits... Lucia: Yeah... Bethanie: Like what did you find more enjoyable? Lucia: I um, I really liked the teenagers, um, and that’s what I work a lot with. I have a program, we call it the um, the Yes Program. What it is, is it teaches children how to get and keep jobs, um, art-particularly kids with disabilities. Um, and a lot of them, you know adults; you know are kinda setting their ways, so they’re- they are scared, of the unknown. Whereas teenagers, especially, the teenagers who we deal with are more the rougher, at risk kids, they will accept you for who you are right away. If you’re open with them, they’ll be open with you, and so right away I just come out and say, “Alright, I’m in a wheel chair” you know, “this is what- why it is, if you have any questions, let me know, but make sure you ask questions that you wouldn’t mind answering too”. And so that usually clears it up and then they have that respect and they, you know, its not- they never- it’s never brought up again. Whereas adults (chuckles)... (Laughing) Lucia: It’s a bit different. You know, as far as, they’re still not sure if they should ask me the question or they say inappropriate things or if they should avoid me because they don’t you know- or some of them get really excited about it and say “oh my gosh, thank you so much for teaching me this”, so. I’d say I enjoy the teen a lot more but I don’t mind the adults. I think some of the time I think it’s funny because some of the things that come out of their mouths (chuckles) Page 22 �(Laughing) Lucia: And then it’s like, “oh my gosh” so. But yeah I mean I just like educating people about differences because I think everyone’s different, but um, you know. And some of it seems so common sense too Sophy: Yeah Lucia: But people need that I guess (chuckle) Bethanie: Did you have a certain mentor who educated you, as far as like certain things you can do to be more active, err... Lucia (Interrupted): Well, IBethanie (Finishing): or encouraged you to go to school or things like that? Lucia: Yeah, I mean growing up I um, there was a, a, a woman I still- her name’s Ellen Westvier and she um, was a social worker through the Holland Public Schools, and they made me talk to her , like when I was like in 3rd grade, because I didn’t talk, or I wouldn’t talk to them or I wouldn’t tell them what I needed so they were afraid that my needs weren’t being met because they wanted to make sure I was okay in the classroom and all that stuff. Sophy: Hm-hmm Lucia: So they made me talk to her and stuff because they thought, “okay, maybe she needs you know, some help with that” and we actually just you know- she actually treats me like her daughter now and she’s like my second mother. And, but she really, um always encouraged me growing up and you know, we talked about the disability as well and um, I still- I still see her as a mentor, you know she is successful in her career and so she just you know she just encouraged me you know when my mom said, “oh, come home” Ellen would say, “You better not go home!”.. (Laughing) Lucia: You know, type of thing, “no!” you know, that type of thing. So as far as disabilities, I’m just really encouraged and inspired, and I hate that word, “inspired” but it’s true. By other people with disabilities have done so much more than even, anything that I’ve done. I mean I’ve been able, through this job I’ve been able to meet a lot of different people because through conferences or through the state, um, and I’m on different committees, so I’ve been able to meet a lot of other people with disabilities who have, Page 23 �you know, just a feel of don’t so much. And that really encourages me as well, you feel some sort of connection as well, but understanding too... Sophy: Uh-huh Lucia: You know, where there’s disability conferences, I’m so excited to go to some of them because it’s almost like going to summer camp. You know, you go to summer camp, and everyone’s like you… Sophy: Yeah Lucia: … And you talk about the same thing; you don’t have to worry about anything. It’s kinda like that, and so... Sophy: That’s really good Lucia: And I never had that before, um growing up, you know. Ryan: not at all, being... Lucia: So... Ryan: Being a minority... Lucia : (Interrupted) yeah Ryan: like it, mi-mi- minority in the sense that whi- you know with the disability whereas the majority of people do not have disabilities... Lucia: Yeah, exactly... Ryan: you know eh, it- like you said, being around people that, you have not similar interests to but you share characteristics of... Lucia: Yep exactly, yeah. You do yeah, and it- It’s fun too, when you go to these, like we all went- there was a conference, it’s the Adiam Symposium, which I’ve gone a few times and it was in Las Vegas... (Laughing) Lucia: It was like, it was so fun though because there were so many people, and it’s like disability galore there! Page 24 �(Laughing) Lucia: It cool, it’s like we just- you hang out, you just get to know people, you hang out with them you get to know them, you meet them, and you still connect. And so at the conference it’s like every otheryou know it’s just normal to see someone walking with a cane and someone who’s blind walking together talking. You know it’s just normal to see someone in a wheel chair and someone without in a wheelchair talking together you know. And I’m just- when I-you know some of us had talked about, i wonder what people must think, especially these visitors from the other- other countries... (laughing) (Everyone laughing) Sophy: yeah. Lucia (continued): ...like oh my gosh, Las Vegas is like, (laughing)... there's a lot of people there like that... you know so. But it’s fun though because you know, you know when you're with people that youi don’t if any of you guys are in sororitiesSophy (agreeing): Mm-hmm, yep... Lucia (continued): or fraternities Ryan (interrupted): different groups and organizations... Lucia (continued): different groupsRyan: yeah... Lucia (continued): Okay, and how you feel some sort of connection with those people Sophy (agreeing): Oh yeah... Lucia: Um, its kinda like that, and you don't care what anyone thinks, you just are together and err, it's kinda like, so.. Sophy: its' kinda like unity, like with- power from unity... Lucia (interrupted): yeah, exactly, yeah so... but it’s also kinda fun to see peoples looks too... and everything like that so(Background): yeah... Page 25 �Lucia: yeah, so... Sophy: I’m curious, um, you seem like really really busy and like, okay by yourself but do you think you have any disconnect from like, your personal life? LikeLucia: Oh, (laughing) Sophy: Or I mean, likeLucia: well you know, I (laughing)... (All together laughing) Lucia: I think I do really keep busy, you know, and i, i ha- I actually... (Laughing) (All together laughing) Sophy: sorry (laughing) Lucia: oh no, no it's fine. It’s funny because my family tells me all the time that like, 'we never hear from you...” (Together laughing) Lucia (continued): you know. "You’re always so busy" and I am, I-I think I get bored if I’m not... busy... Sophy (agreeing): Mm-hmm Lucia (continued): like, i-i- have to do things, like um; right now I do freelance writing too... (Agreeing): Mm-hmm... Lucia (continued): you know... (Laughing) (Group laughs) Lucia: I do that stuff to you know you, I like to be involved in the community, and I like to spend a lot of time with my nieces and nephews for now, getting to be teenagers. And i did have, for a while there, for like four years, i had uh- I was in a relationship. You know, but unfortunately that didn't- we didn't um, you know... Sophy (agreeing): yeah... Page 26 �Lucia (continued): work out, but... um, I don't know, i mean I’m just always- I’m very social, so i always wanna be out and about and meeting new people and doing things. So, but yeah that is something that I do need to work on too, is just... Sophy (interrupted): balancing... Lucia (continued): Balancing it, yeah. Because sometimes i think it’s so run down... (Background): yeah... Lucia: ... and my sisters are like, "oh my gosh you need to stop, you're so busy"... (Group laughs) Lucia: but i think that um, i don't know if it feels like um, it gives me purpose, or I’m trying like- and i-I thought about this too, when I was little, people would say, 'oh you can't do that' and I would say, 'oh wanna see me?' and I’d do it.. (Group laughs) Lucia: and i don't know if i still have that mentality, where people say, 'oh, you can't do that' and I'd say, 'well, yeah wanna see me?'... (Group laughs) Lucia: so i think some of that is still there, you know as far as that... Sophy (agreeing :) yeah Lucia (continue)... so yeah. Yeah. Bethanie: As far as giving you a purpose, um, do you-I know you said earlier like, err, you're very spiritual and stuff... Lucia (agreeing): mm-hmm Bethanie (continue): like how does- how do you think that connects into how you've dealt with it... Lucia: yeah... Bethanie: or how you've, accepted it or how you've uh, you're going to uh, do good things and like... Page 27 �Lucia: yeah... Bethanie: advocate for it instead of being bitter about it... Lucia: mm-hmm, yeah. Bethanie: or mad or angry like you said. Lucia: well i think that like, I-I without, you know, without... because i think if i didn't have like some sort of spiritual, or if i didn't believe that there was a purpose, I wouldn't- I wouldn't probably wanna exist. (Background): mm-hmm Lucia: You know, because like i had said before, disabilities is very difficult because, um, more of it is other people, and the way that they see you, um and those things, and how they can really affect you, and make you really not want to be around.. Bethanie: mm-hmm Lucia: you know, so i think that-I had that hope that there is someday, that I will know, that there is a bigger purpose than just being here. There’s a purpose that He has for me... Bethanie: Mm-hmm Lucia: for the way that this was. because for a while there I drove myself crazy wanting to know why and that gives me some sort of relieve that I will know eventually and If i didn't, i would like very, yeah. Like i said I would s - yeah... (Bethanie laughs) Lucia: you know i also feel it because you know a lot of people- my mom said that, 'you wouldn't live overnight', 'you wouldn't live here', 'you wouldn't live to be a teenager', 'you wouldn't live this-' and finally they said, 'oh i think she's okay now'. (Group chuckle) Lucia: you know also, I guess um, yeah i don't know, I just, um just the feeling too. You know ju-just knowing that... I just feel... I just feel it-I don't know how to explain it... Ryan (interrupted): being fulfilled? Page 28 �Lucia: Yeah, i guess being fulfilled... Ryan: (interrupted): being rewarded... Lucia: Yeah... Ryan: by what you do... Lucia: Yeah, and I guess, I guess, like I said, if i didn't have that hope that someday I will know, then we all-because we all wanna know, what’s your purpose'.. Bethanie: mm-hmm, right... Lucia: what’s your purpose, what do you- what's why? You know and if i didn't have that I would be you know... (Group agrees): yeah... Lucia: I would be so... I would not wanna... exist. Bethanie: Did you find your spiritual community to be more encouraging or discouraging because I know you said, 'if you prayed for her, then she'd be healed', err, other things like that? Lucia: yeah that's always been something because I was born and raised Catholic, but I-I don't practice Catholicism, which my mom’s like, 'what have I done wrong?’... (Group chuckles) Lucia (continues): it’s not like I’m a Satanist or anything... (Laughing) (Group laughs) Lucia: you know I just don't practice Catholicism, you know- you know I’m a Christian, you know but. So anyways, it’s just kinda funny but uh, um, yeah, that’s the struggle too, is that people, um, you know dating back to when I was little um, in my first um, um, what’s that called, um what’s that called, confession, you know where the-the priest said, you know I told him what I’d done, i don't remember i was like eight or nine, you know.. (Laughing) (Group laughs) Page 29 �Lucia: and he said, he seemed so, just very like, disappointed and he said, 'don't you want to walk with god in heaven?' And i didn't walk, the regular way, and that really upset me because what are you saying because that- he told me I wasn't going to walk with God when I went to heaven. You know, that type of thing because I didn't even know if after this life, if like i said, you know, I am fine in a wheelchair in crutches, I get around, i move around, that type of thing. Um, I’ve never wanted to walk regularly, i guess, you know cause I can; i just do it in a different way. Um, but um, i know people have said, 'do you think you'll be healed in Heaven' or 'what’s healing like?' 50:30 Lucia: “…with God? In heaven? And I didn’t walk, like the regular way, and that really upset me because I’m like, uh, what are you saying? You know, that lie that I told? That I’m not going to get to walk in heaven? You know, that type of thing. Thinking that, you know, cuz I don’t even know if after this life, if, you know, like I said, you know, I am fine in a wheel chair or in crutches, I get around, I move around, that type of thing, um, you know, I’ve never wanted to walk regularly, I guess. Bethanie: Mhm Lucia: You know, I mean, cuz I can, I just do it in a different way, um, but,um, you know, I know people have said, do you think you’ll be healed in heaven? Or what’s healing like? And that’s really what’s really something where I, um, the church I used to go to, people would constantly ask me if I wanted to get, if they could pray for my healing, and that annoys me cuz it’s like, well what’s wrong with me? God made me in his image, right? Bethanie: Mhm Lucia: We’re all in his image. But, you’re saying that I need to be healed, from what? You know? So I think that’s where, that’s where I’m conflicted, as far as, you know, spiritually, I know where I’m at and I, I read the bible, I do devotions, I do that type of thing, but as far as other people and how they are, um, in that context, in a spiritual, in church, and stuff like that, um, they make you feel like you are, um, because you know, God would want you to be healed, because, um, He does it in the bible, but you know also, He needed to show His power and part of that was through people, I don’t know necessarily, I think that if God wanted me healed, He would heal me, right now. Bethanie: Right. Page 30 �Lucia: But that’s not what He has in mind for me, so… Ryan: And that doesn’t take away from what kind of person you are, the things you do… Lucia: No, yeah. Ryan: Cuz it hasn’t stopped you yet, I mean. Lucia: Exactly, so yeah, I think that, I think that’s a big issue that I have with the church (group laughter) and stuff is people want to heal you, they think that something is wrong with you. Um, I’ve had people come up to me, one woman came up to me in Target one time, and I was shopping by myself, and she comes up and she says, “Can I pray for you?”, and I don’t mind if people want to pray for me, or I pray for people, whatever, um, but, you know, at that point, I’m like, what gives you the right to do that to me? And other people were like, looking to see what I’d say, and I said, “Why?”. You know, and that was the first time I had ever stuck for myself, like, why? Instead of saying, “oh, no thanks” or “okay”, you know, cuz that’s uncomfortable, you know? Um, and she went on in this long story about how she was diagnosed with, I don’t know if it was like, MS, and how she, um, had, um, people pray for her, and then she was healed, and she didn’t have to use a wheel chair and all this other stuff. So she would like to pray for me, and I told her, “No”. And she looked at me like I had slapped her. Like, I had offended HER. And she left, and I’m like, seriously? Why would you do that? I mean, you know, you say you’re some, you know, person who wants to pray for people, but then I was thinking, why not her, over there? She might be struggling with something. And you’re not asking her, you’re asking me, because of the way that I look. When really, I was fine, you know, going about my day. So, those types of things happen. Um, you know, people who say, “I’m going to pray for your healing” and point to my legs. And I’m like, that’s not what…that’s not what needs to be healed, it’s more inside that needs to be healed. It’s not the legs. It’s not the, so I can run around. It’s other things. And so I think people don’t understand, people don’t understand that, and that’s what bugs me a lot. And so, I don’t, you know, ‘the healing’… I hate the healing thing, cuz I’m just like, if He wanted me to be healed, He’d make me….He makes me the way that He wants me to me. Bethanie: Right, it’s not going to be because you – Lucia: Pray hard enough. Bethanie: Yes. Page 31 �Lucia: And it’s, yeah. I mean, so, that’s something that I struggle with a lot in college too, as far as that whole, you know, wanting to know why, kind of, and I think everyone struggles with that spiritually. You know, I don’t think it’s uncommon. Bethanie: Mhm Lucia: Um, but we all have our different ways of doing it, you know, and, um, you know, and I believe that He told it to me through a dream, actually. I hope I don’t sound crazy, but, when I was growing up, until I got to college, November, in college, cuz I wrote about it, and I remember the day that I woke up, and um, I always dreamed of myself walking, and doing all that stuff, and, um, I woke up one morning and I had dreamed of myself in a wheel chair. And ever since that day in November, uh, when I was a freshman, I never dreamed of myself walking ever again. I’ve always been in a wheel chair or on crutches. So, it’s just kind of interesting how, and it’s weird, how it’s changed, like that. Ryan: Was that a good day for you? Lucia: Yeah, I was like, oh my gosh! Ryan: Yeah, it seemed like it would be… Lucia: It was. I was really surprised. I never noticed it until then (group says, “mhm”). And it’s not like I wanted myself to sleep so I could dream of myself walking. It was just something that happened. So then all of a sudden that day I woke up and I was like, “oh my gosh”, I’ve never dreamed of myself not being in a wheel chair or crutches again. So it’s kind of, I don’t know, some of that stuff is, you know, and I think everything, its, its all, there’s a purpose. So. Bethanie: Did you find it different, I know, like, I don’t know the Kalamazoo area very well, but I know, like, how Holland, like, Ottawa county is very famous for the religious community, so, did you find a lot more people asking you, um, up here, rather than down there? Or was it about the same? Or? Lucia: No, it’s in the area. You know, in Holland, that area, and even in Grandville area, that type of thing, but um, I used to go to church in Grandville, so that’s kind of what, yeah. But in Holland, I mean, it’s very, you know, reformed Christian, and all that stuff, um, and just very…s…strict. But I also think that, I don’t know, I think its hard, I think its hard for a person with a disability to understand the reason’s why, but I can’t imagine what it’s like for other people to want to know why too, you know? Outside, kinda like, why? But um, you know, I guess, like I said before, I just feel like I’m beating a dead Page 32 �horse sometimes, cuz I say, you know, I’m the one that lives with it, and other people are so bothered by it. But I’m the one that lives with it. You know? Why does it bother other people so much? It’s my… it’s mine to deal with. Like, my cross to bear, or whatever you say, but I mean, that’s kind of what annoys me the most and what makes me upset. Is that other people are more upset by the way that I look or the way that I was born than I am. (silence), and you know, I think I just want to know why. (laughter) you know, I mean, I guess I don’t know, I mean, it’s not like, I know other people get jealous of each other, it’s not that though. It’s more, “you’re different, and you shouldn’t be that way”, and so, how would that make you feel? If someone constantly told you and let you know how different you were, and why were you like that? How do you think that would affect your self esteem? And your ego? And everything? Effect you as a person? To say, oh, maybe I’m not worthy, maybe I’m not like that person, so, it does eat at you, and I’m like, you know what I mean, I am, I try to be a very positive person, but, you know, like I said, somedays, you just can’t be positive. And usually those days I’m just quieter. I write, I journal a lot, or I talk to someone, or I just you know, just do something productive. Ryan: Very therapeutic. Lucia: Yeah, yup, exactly, and I think I feel it a lot more because I work in the disability community too, cuz I have to live it, but I also have to work with it, so sometimes it can be overwhelming and sometimes I just have to take time to do anything not disability related and do something different. Bethanie: Do you think that’s part of the reason why you started doing more free lance writing again so you have a little bit of a break sometimes? Lucia: Yeah, I think so. Bethanie: What sort of things do you write about when you do free lance writing? Lucia: Okay. Well, I work for a marketing company, and it’s all internet blogging and website content, so I write for doctors, um, in particular, pediatrists (laughter) Ryan: Pediatrists are what kind of doctor? Lucia: Foot doctors (laughter) Ryan: Oh, okay (laughter) Page 33 �Lucia: And, um, some CPA’s and things like that. So, um, yeah, I do all that, which, which is nice cuz it’s different and I’m still kind of getting my fill with the writing, I do writing at my job, too, but its more like, writing down about accessibility and disability related, so yeah, I mean, it’s different, I like it. Bethanie: Do you have to do writing for grants for your job? Lucia: Um no, not anymore. I used to have to do it a little bit, but, um, no, usually, um, you know, whoever’s taking on that particular program does grants do I don’t have to do that as much. A lot of my stuff has been the same for years, it’s just…I’m able to tweak up what I do. Kind of, yeah, so its glad (laughter) cuz then usually they’re looking for, “sorry, needy” “we need this help to do this” and so… Ryan: You were never like that in the get go, so that kind of goes against you’re whole positive ‘this is for a reason’ mentality. Lucia: Yeah, yeah, I mean… Ryan: Which is why I feel that personally, but I feel like everybody could be a better person… not … I guess just accept things the way they are and be positive, you know? Share experiencesLucia: Yeah, and just learn from each other. You know, I think, I try to look at people, cuz I want people to look at me with, and see the person first, you know, and that’s what we talk about in first language in the disability community, you know, but that’s how everyone wants people to see them, as the person, not what you look like, or how you dress, or who you dated— Ryan: The shoes you’re wearing Lucia: Yeah! You want people to look at you as a person first. So I try to do that to others, too, how would they, who are they as a person? Not necessarily what they look like, or how they act, and um, you know, and so I try to base it off of that and if I find that they’re weird then it’s different, ya know? (group laughter), but I mean, it’s just, you know, that’s a different story, but, you know, I guess, I always encourage you to do that too, look at the person first, don’t look at everything else, the exterior, because it’s all inside. Which is true, and a lot of times people, um, you know, I mean, I’m a magnet for weirdo’s, you know, cuz people, I don’t know if it’s because of the disability that people feel like they don’t have to have their guard up as much, but um, sometimes, I get people, nice people, coming up and sharing their stories with me, or wanting to talk to me, or ask me questions, and then I get some weird Page 34 �people too. But, um, you know, and I think part of that is because, you know, they don’t feel like, I’m not this, I guess, outside you can tell that I’m not, I’m, um… Ryan: …Judgemental? Lucia: No, maybe broken? You can tell that I’m not the norm. Something different. So they feel like they don’t have to have their façade up, so. And I think that’s cuz, I’ve had people tell me that too. Like, I don’t feel like, I don’t feel intimidated by you. Ryan: Right, like I can share anything with you. Lucia: (laughs) Right, like sometimes that’s too much. Ryan: Because if you can do it, and if you can make it this far, and you can be this happy, and feel this rewarded….hey, maybe I can share my experiences and we can learn from each other. That is very important Bethanie: Do… I know you talked earlier about um, I didn’t write down her name, but ‘wesveer’….? Lucia: Yep! Ellen Westveer. Bethanie: Um, do you have someone you feel like you mentor too? Like, you um, talk with them, especially the kids in school and stuff? Lucia: Yeah, um I guess not one in particular that I can think of, but you know, I’m always willing to talk to students, like, I create friendships with students, as far as, like, you know… as far as like I have students coming in and saying, ‘hey, I just got this job’, or ‘hey I need to talk’, or um, you know sometimes we’ll meet up for dinner or something like that, so , I try to be encouraging to those others around me, um, you know and try not to ‘save’ people either as far as like, I wanna help but not to the point where I’m enabling them, or coddling them, because I mean, I’m like that with people with or without disabilities, too. It’s like, I’m not gonna do something for you that you can’t do for yourself. You know? I mean, so , um, but, you know, no one that I know, I mean, that I can think of, you know, I’m just, I just, you know… but I guess that’s not unusual for me to come into work and say, ‘oh I took one of my teen’s out to dinner’ or ‘one of my teen’s need to look for interview clothes so I volunteered to take them’… they’re like, ‘oh my gosh! Why would you do that?’ we spent two hours at JCPenney’s looking for interview clothes… so I guess that’s not uncommon that people would find that I did that because, you know, especially if I see like they need someone to talk to, or , you know, I try to share my Page 35 �experiences with them, especially those at risk youth, the ones that are um, you know, doing really bad in school, people have, you know, they have criminal records, stuff like that, um…. Ryan: Or come from broken families… Lucia: Yeah! Broken families! Ryan: These external factors that they don’t have control over Lucia: And say they hey, ‘people said this about me’ but look at what I did with my life, and look, you can do the same. So try to relate it back to them, saying, um, hey, I had a lot of barriers too, but, you know, don’t listen to what other people say, and you know, so…so that type of thing, and I do a lot of that in the class room, and one –on-one, so I don’t know if there is one particular person, but, like I said, I mean, you know, like my co-worker Catherine, she’s always like, “oh my gosh I can’t believe you took that kid out”, you know, and I’m like “well, she needed someone” or you know, or, “I wanted to be nice”, you know. So… Bethanie: Does it ever make you feel like your work never ends? Because, even outside of work, you’re doing things? Lucia: Yeah, it does, I mean sometimes, you know, I guess one of the things is I guess I love spending time with my niece and my nephew, who are teenagers right now, and so um, doing things with them, and one of them, my niece is finally coming around a little bit more. You know, my nephew thinks I’m the coolest person ever, so, I like that, he’s 14 and my niece of course, she’s seventeen, she thinks like, I don’t know anything but she’s coming around a little bit more. But, you know, it’s fun spending time with them and hearing about them, and what they’re doing and being able to share my experiences with them, experiences growing up and stuff like that. So.. .um, yeah, I mean, so … I got that Bethanie: So even mentoring things like that, like, “you should go to school” … Lucia: Yeah, and my niece struggles with that too, so we talk about that and um, what that’s gonna look like for her future, and you know, like, I talk about that generational thing that happens in my family. Her mom had her when she was 15. You know? She is 17 and struggling with certain things, she’s not pregnant, I mean, which is great, but she’s struggling with that teenage ‘stuff’, like, not wanting to go to school, having friends, you know, mom not understanding her. Ryan: Possibly seeking outlets for, you know, frustration and stress. Page 36 �Lucia: Yeah, exactly. So I mean, you know, I try to talk to her about that stuff, and be open about it and stuff, and you know, yeah, and tell her I expect, you know, I expect good things for her, because she’s, you know, a part of my family, you know. So. Yeah I mean, it’s still kind of interesting cuz like, my siblings, um, you know, my sister, my older sister, is trying to go back to school now, which is good, you know, my siter and my other sister, you know, I was the first one in my family from my parents from all sides to get my high school diploma, my college degree from both sides of the family, their grandkids, and they have a lot of, you know, but now other people are starting to get it too, which is cool! So now it’s not like it’s just me, but um, you know, now my mom went back to get her medical assistant, you know, to be a medical assistant, my older sister’s going to college now, my other sister’s going back to get her medical assistant certificate, so I mean now, people, you know, I try to be encouraging to them too. You know, as well, because you know, some of them fell into that hole. You know, have kids right away or go into the factory, or, you know, that type of thing. Ryan: Maybe an unfulfilling job, where as you’re the complete opposite, everything you do is for fulfillment and for this purpose. Lucia: Yeah! And sometimes it gets you know, tiring, but you know, I don’t know, and like I said, if I don’t have something to keep me busy, I get SO bored! (laughter) Like, I can’t just sit still. So, um, but I don’t know, but it does create anxiety as well. And stuff. But. I don’t know. I guess I feel like I just have to , I don’t know, I always, I don’t know, I’m more of the type, I wanna leave this earth knowing I’ve done some good for it. You know, whether it’s just one person or making sure that an automatic door is you know, around, or you know, something, I think we all have a purpose, but I think people aren’t always… Ryan: Proactive? Lucia: Yeah, proactive and trying to go and seek that. And we may never know what it is, I don’t know, I just feel like I can’t… like I just can’t sit around. And I think that it’s because people just expect me to sit around (group laughter). And that might be part of it! Those expectations that people have for me, I mean, cuz people um, growing up, you know, even aunts and uncles, some of them, you know, are like, ‘wow! You’re the one that went out and made something of yourself’ and people that I run into are like, ‘oh do you live with your mom?’ …’no?”, or “you have a full time job!? WHAT? “ you know, people don’t expect that, and so I think I like to prove to people that I CAN do it, and I think a part of it’s that. People just expect me to just sit around when I barely…I don’t. So. I don’t want any part of that going on. Page 37 �Bethanie: Do you find it , like, emotionally draining to like, encourage other people all the time? Or is it, kind of , like, empowering too? Lucia: I think sometimes it can be emotionally draining, you know, I think it’s when you can see what other’s can do and they give up so easily. And you’re like, seriously? It just makes me, I don’t know, it makes me super uncomfortable to be around those people, because, um, who are very negative all the time, or er, always have excuses, and you’re like, really? Cuz, I mean, I bring this up because my brother’s notorious for this. He always, and he’s the baby of the family, he’s 30, but he always makes excuses for everything and I’m like, seriously! I know people that can barely move their arms that are working. You know, why can’t you get a job? (pounding first on the table) , so I mean, I feel like I have high expectations for the people in my life because I know what they’re capable of, I can see it. And I’ve done it too, you know, I’ve done it before and I don’t know, maybe the expectations are too high? Cuz I get annoyed by It when they’re not doing it? And so it’s like, I don’t know, but yeah, I guess it can be draining too. Always trying to encourage people, or, oh! When I’m not happy, people are like, “what’s wrong?” and it’s like, I’m having a bad day! We can all have one of those. You know? Ryan: It seems like, though, um, like you said, um, about making a difference and in anybodies life whether it be putting in an automatic door opener, or taking someone out for clothes, it almost seems like it’s almost kind of a motherly role. Like, not necessarily that, but even more like, a mentor, I mean, I don’t know, not one person has to be mentored… but lets say you mentored an entire group of children that assembled in a gym. That’s gotta feel great! Just knowing that you change, or broke some stereotypical wall… Lucia: Yep yep. So even if they’re okay to ask someone later on, you know, instead of staring at the person, saying, “oh, hey can you tell me what life’s like for you?” you know? Yeah! That’s great! That’s something that I want. I don’t want people being rude or being afraid to ask those questions. You know? So even that, I mean, yeah. You know. Mmhm. Bethanie: Um, I know you said you went to, um, a conference in Las Vegas, with lots of people with disabilities (Lucia laughs) and you mentioned you work with people with lots of hidden disabilities, did you, how, um, like, do you just, like, what sorts of things are hidden disabilities? I guess I don’t know, like… Lucia: Yep! Like ADHD, ADD is a disability… a learning disability, whether it’s reading or writing, autism, um, Aspergers is a big one right now, um, the whole autism spectrum disorder, um, also, um, mental Page 38 �illness, depression, anxiety, really severe diabetes, as well, um, people that have trouble remembering, or concentrating…well that’s a part of the ADHD, concentrating, you know, fibromyalgia, it can be, um, you know, chronic pain, arthritis, I mean, there is just a whole bunch. Ryan: So would you say hidden disabilities roughly could be defined as anything other than physical? Lucia: Yep! Anything that impairs one or more of your major life activities. Is what a hidden disabilities is defined as. So anything, that um, like, walking, talking, speaking, thinking, sleeping, concentrating, you know, I mean, anything ‘-ing’? So what do you do with your daily life? Bethanie: Do you think things along the lines of OCD could be considered a hidden disability? What sorts, of, I don’t know if I’m allowed to ask this, but, teens that you work with, with hidden disabilities, like, what sorts of hidden disabilities do you help them with? Lucia: Well they have, a lot of them have a lot of the mental illness, so, all of the anxiety, all of the depression, um, bipolar, schizophrenia, those types of things, um, I’m seeing a lot of students with Asperger’s syndrome. Ryan: My roommate had that! And we went in blind, it was kind of refreshing to see, cuz like, you know, with, as you know, Aspergers is a social thing, but many Aspergers, um, effected citizens are like, high functioning. They’re like, really smart, brilliant. He was like, couldn’t really have a conversation, but he was excellent in school. Lucia: Yep, hyperfocused on stuff too, so maybe there are just certain things that they are drawn to, um, yeah, I mean, especially with Autism too, sometimes, I mean, it’s a social thing, so you might find someone that’s a little bit quirky, and you’re like, “something’s not quite right”… that’s not just autism that’s just mental illness, that type of thing. Whatever that might be. So you’re like, um, what’s going on with that person? Um, but, yeah, that one’s a big one as well, um, and learning disabilities as well. Students have trouble with reading, writing, math, um, dyslexia, all that stuff, so that’s what we find a lot of, is mental illness and learning disabilities, and that could be from a variety of things. You know, a lot of the kids who are , um, seen as bad kids, a lot of those kids have hidden disabilities as well but they act out because they don’t want people to know what’s wrong. - recording was cut off due to battery- Page 39 �Bethanie: So when you work with these teens that have like, hidden disabilities, um like what sorts of things do they struggle with like the most, or what sorts of things do they tell you that they struggle, besides like their disabilities, like how people treat them and things like that? Lucia: Yeah I think part of it is that just um, people knowing about them having a disability. Like they want to hide it. They don’t want people to know because of the stigma the disability has. People think that you’re dumb or that you can’t do certain things. And so they don’t want to stand out any more than they already do, or they try to stand out in other ways. By the way they dress, the way that they act, by the trouble they get in to. So I see a lot of that, as they don’t want to disclose very much, that they have a disability. So, but we try to talk to them that it’s important to disclose because that’s going to help you in college, to get support, that’s going to help you for your job to get support and accommodations, if you need help, um, writing or reading something, then you’re going to have to ask for it yourself, someone’s not going to go up to you and say: “hey, do you need help?”. So, and it could cost you your job. So that’s kind of where we come from, we’re not saying that you have to announce it to the world, but you need to know about your disability and how to best advocate for yourself. Ryan: That’s like really important though, you know, being able to trust someone enough, I mean it’s a little bit easier when someone can vouch for, “hey I’ve gone through this, or something similar” you know, because that’s a big thing, if you don’t want to share things, because you don’t trust somebody, like you said, you’re going to act out potentially, or you’re just going to ignore it and its going to hurt you down the line. Lucia: Well sometimes, I know that one of our interns at our office, and this is before (talking to Bethanie) your mom had come there, she actually went to Grand Valley State University and one of her professors didn’t believe her, that she had a significant learning disability. And so, he thought that she was lying. So, when she had talked about it, she said that sometimes people don’t believe you when you have a disability. But why would you lie about having a disability? Group: Mhmmm. Lucia: You know, that type of thing. So I know that she struggled with that, with a particular professor here, I don’t remember who it was. But he was also, uh, was a professor from another country as well. So, also when you think about disabilities in other countries… Page 40 �Ryan: Some kind of disconnect there. Lucia: Yeah. Ryan: Or you hope there’s a disconnect there (haha). Lucia: I mean usually I try to think that people hopefully don’t know or just don’t understand. So I would hope that people don’t do it just because they’re jerks. Ryan: Right, exactly. Lucia: So yeah, she um, so I know she had that issue here on campus, but disable student services helped her out too. So. Bethanie: That’s cool. Lucia: Yeah. Bethanie: Um. Lucia: Well I know that Grand Valley has been really involved, especially the Allendale campus, making their facilities accessible and available to people. Um, since I’ve been working at Disability Network, a couple years after, I know we were involved in accessibility stuff here on campus and some of our interns did stuff on campus here. I actually met with a guy a couple weeks ago who had an app, that he has and it shows and tells you of all the accessible areas of campus, and he’s trying to get it in other places. I’m trying to think, I believe his name is James Albright. And I know he started it here and there are students who actually went around and did assessments and stuff to put the information into the app. So, I mean there’s a lot of good things that are happening here. I think that even that Change U class I was telling you that I was involved in, they really did promote not only social, I mean all social justice issues, including disability, which is one of the reasons why I excited to be a part of it because most places, like I said, don’t think of disability. They just kinda think, “eh ya know, we’re not gonna” type of thing. Ryan: that it’s not important. Lucia: Or that it’s not important enough. If you think about it there’s a lot of other issues going on now too, everyone wants their issue to be front and center. Page 41 �Ryan: It probably drives people like you even further to spread the message, well not ‘the message’ but to influence as many people as you can in a positive way. Especially in kids, like you made the point earlier about if you can influence a child or a young adult versus a pretty set in stone with their thought process adult, it might not change. You know maybe you can mold their future a little bit, for the better. Lucia: Or if they treat someone else with respect when they come in contact with that person. Bethanie: What sorts of connections do you find with other people that experience discrimination, like the LGBT community? Lucia: I think with that, you feel some type of comradery, a little bit, especially in Michigan there are some groups that really align themselves, like disability groups, that really align themselves with the LGBTQ community. Michigan Disability Rights Coalition is a big one. Because they feel that what they experience is similar in a lot of ways, people could argue that a difference would be that disability is not a choice, and some people feel that LGBTQ is a choice. And that’s where some disability advocates are not so excited about being aligned in that way because they don’t believe in those things. I feel that in both of those groups, discrimination is powerful in both of those groups. I have friends involved with the LGBTQ community and we talk about how people view both of us, and one of my friends is a lesbian and we talk about how with her it’s so hypersexual, with her it’s “sex, sex, sex” but with me you couldn’t possibly have that stuff and we just think it’s funny how in both groups there’s this and that, but that we’re just people together, we’re just people in general. And so it’s interesting talking about the ways that discrimination takes place in both of our lives, because they can’t be similar. People have discriminated against her because of the fact that she’s lesbian, and people will discriminate on me for the fact that I use a wheelchair/have a disability. You know, those hurtful words too. “Gay/Retarded”, Retarded is a big one that the kids say. People say “that’s gay” and those are words you just don’t use. But if you go out and call someone the “N word” then that’s like oh my gosh! But if you call someone retarded, that’s okay, or if you call someone gay or using another derogatory word, that’s okay, but you can’t go out and use the “N word” because people are like oh my gosh! So why is one acceptable over the other. Or people that call little people midgets. Or they say things to them. We always have good conversations because the discrimination is so raw for both. Very hurtful. END OF INTERVIEW Page 42 � https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/99daf628cf05b6909e8e6ada80153a63.mp3 c219bd2aca9fa5332a98c6305d9526d5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Speaking Out: Western Michigan Civil Rights Oral Histories Subject The topic of the resource Civil rights--Michigan--History Personal narratives Oral histories African Americans--Personal narratives Gays--Personal narratives Lesbians--Personal narratives Bisexual people--Personal narratives Transgender people--Personal narratives Veterans--Personal narratives Women--Personal narratives People with disabilities--Personal narratives Muslims--United States--Personal narratives Hispanic Americans--Personal narratives Homophobia Discrimination Islamophobia Stereotypes (Social psychology)--Upper Penninsula (Mich.) Description An account of the resource Collection of oral history recordings documenting the history of civil rights and social justice advocacy in Western Michigan. The collection was created by faculty and students as a project of the LIB 201 (formerly US 201): "Diversity in the U.S." course from 2011-2012. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Brooks College of Interdisciplinary Studies Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Speaking Out: Western Michigan Civil Rights Oral History Project (GV248-01) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-05-02 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV248-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1930-2011 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV248-01_Rios_Lucia Title A name given to the resource Lucia Rios audio interview and transcript Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rios, Lucia Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Billing, Bethanie Description An account of the resource Lucia Rios discusses her experiences with Spina Bifida and life in western Michigan. Subject The topic of the resource Civil rights--Michigan--History Discrimination against people with disabilities People with disabilities--Personal narratives Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 application/pdf Relation A related resource Speaking Out: Western Michigan Civil Rights Oral History Project Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2012-02-20 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/abae9aff4372acc4213ced1eb839e5d2.jpg 3d19f9cd7545de600e343575cd35b586 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/f693a094f2899c11b1688295a3143d57.jpg 2928eebdc3b98089e416ad2ff2113d76 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Summers in Saugatuck-Douglas Collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Kutsche Office of Local History Description An account of the resource Collection contains images and documents digitized and collected through the project "Stories of Summer," supported by a National Endowment for the Humanities Common Heritage Grant. The collection aims to document the twin lakeshore communities of Saugatuck and Douglas, Michigan, as they transformed through the state's bustling tourism industry and acceptance of minorities. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1910s-2010s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Various Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">Copyright Undetermined</a> Subject The topic of the resource Michigan Saugatuck (Mich.) Douglas (Mich.) Michigan, Lake Allegan County (Mich.) Beaches Sand dunes Outdoor recreation Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries. Allendale, Michigan Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Saugatuck-Douglas History Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Stories of Summer (Common Heritage project) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Text Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-07_SD-Walter-PG_0008 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Walter, P. G. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941-12-07 Title A name given to the resource Lucille on Pearl Harbor Day Description An account of the resource Photograph of a woman in the front seat of a car. Back reads "Lucille on Pearl Harbor Day." December 7, 1941 Subject The topic of the resource Michigan Saugatuck (Mich.) Allegan County (Mich.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digital file contributed by D. Brigham as part of the Stories of Summer project. Relation A related resource Stories of Summer (project) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">Copyright Undetermined</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c0ff928073a141635f1c03181650ed15.pdf bc717199ce32d1f7d67af5635ad87419 PDF Text Text F 1st Annual LUCILLE PEGO MEMORIAL POW~WOW Honorin.g Our Elders In Conjunction With Hart Heritage Days Celebration JOHN GURNEY PARK (in Hart) SEPTEMBER 4th & 5th GRAND ENTRY SATURDAY I PM & 6 PM SUNDAY2 PM $100.00 FOR FIRST 4 DRUMS REGISTERED Little Weasel Thunder Child Bob Stone Ricky Granquist · · Stephanie Bird Butch Elliott Steve Jobes HOST DRUM HEAD VETERAN DANCER HEAD MALE DANCER HEAD FEMALE DANCER EMCEE ARENA DIRECTOR NATIVE AMERICAN CRAFTS AND ARTS NATIVE AMERICAN FOODS • I Puhlic Welcome GATE ADMISSION : $3.00 ages 13 & up; $I. 50 ages 5-12 & Senior Citizens Family Price $9.00 (4 or more) CHILDREN UNDER 5 FREE NO DRUGS OR ALCOHOL FOR INFORMATION CONTACT: STEVE & SALLY JOBES (616) 873-2343 TRADER INFORMATION: OCEANA INTERTRIBAL COUNCIL (616) 873-7242. Fee: $30 Daily; $50 Weekend • � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_lucille-pego-memorial-pow-wow_1976-09 Title A name given to the resource Lucille Pego Memorial Pow-Wow, September 1976 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1976-09 Description An account of the resource Lucille Pego Memorial Pow-Wow flyer, Hart MI, September 4-5, 1976, collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Oceana Intertribal Council Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/2a019e6bfa757eedef72ff466d029c50.jpg 1e3978158b354baa3aa0fd7f36b63771 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LuckeJohn_Photo1 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Lucke, John Description An account of the resource John Lucke, Geology Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College teachers Universities and colleges – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/392a4bd9c5c0c93cb8eb7081d3bec3e6.jpg 0c95dfb8fee1bc0274512f497d8e99cc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LuckeJohn_Photo2 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Lucke, John Description An account of the resource John Lucke, Geology Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College teachers Universities and colleges – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/717a2f2e53e15e0702d77b2b08086599.jpg c4fa159ef96d90633e1541825b90bed3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LuckeJohn_Photo3 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Lucke, John Description An account of the resource John Lucke, Geology Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College teachers Universities and colleges – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/bd31c2c505eacdff32420a9b2362956c.jpg dc24408ee7c160622ae1ad735b538b08 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LuckeJohn_Photo4 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Lucke, John Description An account of the resource John Lucke, Geology Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College teachers Universities and colleges – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/f2b738c2d8d65cf50c561271531f13d4.jpg 3da40612cc066fe24926fd5a3e8e9144 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LuckeJohn_Photo5 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Lucke, John Description An account of the resource John Lucke, Geology Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College teachers Universities and colleges – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/5b83dcefd1a8859fe819f93ec0f375f7.jpg c2fc43784dd23234f73188151c2924b4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LuckeJohn_Photo6 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Lucke, John Description An account of the resource John Lucke, Geology Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College teachers Universities and colleges – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/9b319f9930901aa85c0d991b499bfa76.jpg e248260e1310e1aef77b4029b25f0308 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LuckeJohn_Photo7 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Lucke, John Description An account of the resource John Lucke, Geology Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College teachers Universities and colleges – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b4aa17c0da9cccdc0381b833833384b4.mp4 428f33bdc6afd24b274a5145f2f8fc5f https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4a4f12f103dca0589d7c6a166533bbad.pdf eea8206d1fcef617fed9a94184b434f6 PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veteran’s History Project Post- Persian Gulf War Era John Luckett Interview Length: (00:00:10:30) Early Life/ Naval Training (00:00:13:00)  Luckett was born in Chicago, Illinois in 1972. (00:00:14:00)  He has two sisters: one older and one younger. (00:00:15:00)  Luckett’s family moved to Grand Rapids when he was 12 years old. (00:00:22:00) o While living Grand Rapids, he attended two different elementary schools and two different high schools. (00:00:30:00)  Luckett was the only one in his immediate family to enlist in the military. (00:00:59:00) o At the time of his enlistment, was working a part- time job and attending Davenport University. (00:01:10:00) o The main reason that he enlisted was because he “needed a change” and wanted to avoid the “trouble” that some of his friends were getting involved in. (00:01:20:00)  Luckett received a phone call from a recruiter one day about enlisting, which solidified his decision to join. (00:01:40:00)  After deciding to join, he was flown to Chicago to a training base [Great Lakes] where he stayed for eight weeks. (00:02:05:00) Active Duty (00:02:35:00)  After training camp, a recruit get to pick his or her “orders” and Luckett’s orders were to [Norfolk] Virginia. (00:02:40:00) o He first served on an aircraft carrier and was then transferred to a nearby weapons station. He spent roughly 3 years at each location. (00:02:51:00)  Luckett also spent some time serving in the Mediterranean. (00:03:30:00) o While here, he witnessed several planes on their way to bombing raids, but this was the extent of his experience with active combat. (00:03:40:00)  He served from 1991 to 1998. (00:04:20:00) o Whenever he had time off, his first priority was seeing his family. (00:04:31:00)  Luckett traveled to Greece, France, Spain, Italy, Florida, and several small islands south of the United States while serving. One thing he really enjoyed about the Navy was being able to travel. (00:04:42:00)  He wished that he would have finished school before enlisting so he could have been an officer (00:05:40:00)  He was taught to be a “gunner’s mate”, however he was never actually able to fly as he aspired to because it required extra experience beyond the naval training. (00:06:25:00) o His job was to take care of all the small arms on the carriers. This mean relocating them about the ship and repairing any that were damaged. (00:06:33:00)  Luckett thinks that learning to be a military man is simple in that “you do what they ask you to do”. (00:07:10:00)  He was serving in Virginia when his service time expired, working at a weapons station on the U.S.S. Yorktown. (00:07:30:00) �   Navy men are required to spend so much time serving at sea before they can serve on shore. (00:08:08:00) o This made adjusting to civilian life moderately easy because he spent time onshore before actually returning to his home. (00:08:11:00) Luckett still stays closely connected with fellow navy men (00:09:17:00) From his naval experience, Luckett was introduced to many of the differences that exist between cultures. He thinks he would never have noticed these things otherwise because he was so firmly rooted to his home in Michigan (00:09:23:00) o From this experience, he also learned that “everyone has their own course in life”. (00:10:03:00) � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LuckettJ Title A name given to the resource Luckett, John (Interview outline and video), 2009 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Luckett, John Description An account of the resource John Luckett entered the United States Navy in 1991, following the Persian Gulf War. He was sent to a naval training base in Chicago where he spent eight weeks after expressing an interest in joining the navy to a local recruiter. During his service time he was stationed at several locations around the world including France, Spain, and Italy. Luckett was a Gunner's Mate, which meant he was in charge of small weapons management on aircraft carriers. This job involved the repair and relocation of single-man weapons onboard the ship. Luckett was not involved in any active combat during his service. He returned to the Virginia coast to serve on the U.S.S. Yorktown just before he was sent home in 1998. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Taylor, Travis (Interviewer) Parker, Weston (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Veterans Video recordings United States. Navy Other veterans & civilians--Personal narratives, American Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009-11-14 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives