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Text
"Philanthropy's Role for the Future of the Conunon Good"
Remarks by
Dr. Russell G. Mawby
Chairman, W. K. Kellogg Foundation
1990 Annual Conference of the Donors Forum of Ohio
Cincinnati, Ohio
October 26, 1990
I
I
am delighted to be here with you for this Conference for your Donors
Forum.
My thanks to Lance and Lynn for this privilege.
Through the years I have come
interests
sessions
to know several of you through our mutual
participation in regional and national meetings and at the
of
our
Council
of
Michigan
Foundations.
I
welcome
this
opportunity now to become acquainted with more of you.
I
compliment your
Carolyn
privilege
on
the
of
conunittee under
the
excellence
of
your
participating
in
the
co-chairmanship of Mary Lou and
Conference
sessions
agenda.
yesterday
I
had
the
afternoon
and
enjoying the delightful evening and the splendid hospitality of your host
conunittee at the Union Terminal.
I was pleased at the membership meeting
this morning to be able to join the "aye" votes since the W. K. Kellogg
Foundation is a member of the Donors Forum.
Mrs.
Shirley D.
Bowser
of Williamsport
is
We became a member because
a
member
of
our
Foundation
Board of Trustees and, as such, comes each month to our Trustee meeting
in Battle Creek.
She personall y
is
anx i o u s
t o be come
Lnv o I ve d
i ll
t he
activities of the Donors Forum and ve r y much r e g r e t s that she i s n ot with
us
today.
She also chairs the Governing Boa r d of Ohio State Uni v ersity
�- 2 -
and responsibilities there keep her away from this meeting.
Your state
of Ohio has a great tradition of philanthropy and volunteerism -- indeed
a leader in the field.
are
making and
Lance's
on
Report
significant
c omm i t t e e ,
finances
of
I compliment the Donors ' Fo r um on the progress you
your ambitious
the
Pres iden t
membership
and
resources.
realistic
this morning
full-time
developments
a
but
committee,
staffing,
and
a
increasingly
independent
foundations,
makers.
But
CMF has
important
as
community
also become
an
an
future.
of
active
those
program
concerned
with
comparable organization
Through the years CMF
organization
foundations,
the
some
committee
In Michigan we have a
become
for
summarized
which we call the Council of Michigan Foundations.
has
plans
for
and
private
c o r po r a t e
increasingly influential not
or
grant
only
in
philanthropy but in the entire nonprofit sector.
One of the issues which your Forum is addressing very responsibly is the
question of resources for carrying on the Forum's activities -- dues and
grants.
As
you
address
this
issue,
I
urge
you
to
have
a
full
appreciation for the "big picture" of which this organization is only a
part.
Organizations
like
the
Donors
Forum and CMF represent
only
the
sector of philanthropy often described as "organized philanthropy," which
we appreciate
is
just
a
part
of
the
total
pattern
of
giving
in
this
country.
In deliberating this question of support b y your membership,
to
consider
at
least
two
criteria:
first,
the
criteria
benefits received from your membership in the organization;
I u r ge yo u
relating
to
and second,
your support as a contribution to the broader field of philanthropy and
volunteerism
in
Ohio,
in
this
region,
and
nationally.
At
the
W.
K.
�- 3 -
Kellogg Foundation, we regard three organizations at
of
major
significance
Foundations,
in
Independent
the
field
Sector,
of
and
the national level
philanthropy:
the
Foundation
Center.
The
Council
on
Each
of
these serves a very important and distinctive role.
At
the state level, we support
now
are
also
members
of
Council of Foundations.
national,
we
provide
the
the Council of Michigan Foundations and
Donors
Forum
of
Ohio
and
the
Minnesota
For all of these organizations, both state and
substantial
annual
support
and,
in
addition,
we
understand that such organizations very often require a periodic infusion
of
major
resour ces
to
help
them
move
to
new
levels
of
service
and
excellence.
I
predic t
that
the
Donors
Forum will
member-serving organization.
in
the
public
policy
to
the
arena,
total
relating
to
issues
of
will
assume
nonprofit
a
sector
leadership
of
role
understanding/appreciation/participation
volunteerism
in
this
a
sector
importance
to
And it will become a leadership component
society
increasing and improving philanthropy and volunteerism.
Forum
than
It will become a very important influence
philanthropy and volunteerism.
relating
increasingly become more
which
in
with
In addition, the
enhancing
through
contributes
concerned
public
philanthropy
to
the
quality
and
and
character of life at the community level.
Thus,
the
as you address
big
picture,
the question of resources,
looking
not
only
at
benefits
I urge you to con s i de r
directly
received
but
appreciating also the role and marvelous contribution of the Forum to the
larger nonprofit world.
�- 4 As an interested observer, I compliment you of the Donors Forum for your
progress
you
to date.
should
be
As members and participants in making things happen,
pleased
with
your
accomplishments
and
excited
for
the
assigned
topic
for
Common
Good."
In
future.
II
Sharing
those
thoughts
today:
"Philanthropy's
leads
us
Role
for
naturally
the
to
Future
the
of
the
thinking about what is happening in contemporary society as it relates to
the
future
concerns
of
not
conference.
the
common
unlike
good,
the
I was
agenda
of
tempted
topics
to begin with a
being
addressed
list of
at
this
I feel it would be presumptuous and inappropriate for me to
propose a long cafeteria list of issues in the arena of the common good.
You are knowledgeable about the concerns in our country, your state, and
particularly in your home communities.
Rather,
I
have
chosen,
observations
about
implications
for
in
things
broad
overview,
going
on
philanthropy
are
in
rather
to
our
share
very
society,
apparent.
briefly
six
which
the
for
I
hope
you
will
forgive my frequent reference to Michigan and Battle Creek and activities
of
the W.
K.
Kellogg Foundation -- these are the examples
I know best.
You will see your community and yourself in the illustrations I sugge s t .
Observation 1 concerns
~~na1itutions
the se_eming inability of our poE tical
to deal with
significant~ues
in
~~b~tantial
proces~~Q.
ways_
�- 5 This
is most vivid at
the national
level where Congress
is
struggling
ineffectively with such c on c e rns as fiscal and financial responsibility,
trade imbalance,
farm programs,
foreign affairs,
child care,
support of
the arts, energy policy, and environmental quality.
In Lansing, our state politicians are equally ineffective on matters of
school finance,
other
our state budget, Workmen's Compensation, and a host of
suspect
I
concerns .
you
may
feel
the
same
about
doings
in
Columbus.
At
the
local level,
you can make your own analysis of effectiveness in
dealing with human servi ces, environmental concerns, and all the rest.
Technology
has
changed
the
nature
of
politics
and
politicians
dramatically.
New techniques of sophisticated, instantaneous polling and
the
of
influen ce
seems
mass
media
treatment
to have forced elected officials
of
every
to become less
society and more the followers of herd instinct.
lead only when consensus has been reached,
parade
is
going
and
then
rush
to
its
issue
and
personality
the "leaders" of
There i s a tendency to
to wait to see which way the
head.
Other
changes
which
have
influenced the political process to society's disadvantage have been the
proliferation of the number and the dramat ic increase in skill of spe cial
interest groups of every variety and the concept of entitl ement which ha s
hand cuffed politi cal respons e to c ha n g i n g ne eds .
Today,
there
are
few
in
elected
office
who
could
be
described
statesmen with vision, commitment, and a concern for the whole.
as
Patterns
of political power also have changed dramatically, with greater diffusion
and less loyalty to party and purpose.
�- 6 The net effect of all of these changes has been the lessened ability of
government at all levels to be a source and catalyst for social change.
This,
then,
initiatives
suggests
an
enhanced
potential
role
of
private
to demonstrate new answer!i to societal needs,
sector
to initiat ive
ventures, to provide the vision and comprehensive approach which politics
fails to provide.
Observation
2
concerns
the
seeming
return
responsibility and control in addressing
(shift
s~a1
back)
to
local
needs.
For a span of about six decades -- from the "progressive era" at the turn
of
the century to
the late 1960s, and particularly beginning with "New
Deal" in the decade of
the
'30s --- the federal government took an ever
increasing part in meeting the needs of the American people.
early
1970s,
Increasingly,
that
trend
states
and
has
first
slowed,
localities
are
then
being
seemed
called
Since the
to
upon
reverse.
to
deliver
services and provide benefits to people at the community level.
This
fact
pressure
poses
on
problems
the
tax
for
system,
all
states
and
especially,
to
localities.
raise
This
puts
to
cover
revenues
increased state and local expenditures.
A Jtesirab.le. consequen ce
dealt
with
usually
closer
lie not
in
to
is
home,
dollars
that more
and,
alone
involvement of people who care.
initiatives
are
obvious:
as
there
pro blems are be ing
we
but
al l
in
know
the
ide ntif i ed
so well,
increased
th e
an d
a n s wer s
commi tmen t
and
Again, opportunities for private sector
is
a
desperate
need
to
become
more
�- 7 efficient and more effective in using limited resources and in mobilizing
local leadership.
Observation
3
collaborations.
concerns
the
increasing
rhetoric
about
public/private
We hear it from the President, members of congress, our
governors, and many of us.
Such collaboration of private philanthropy with public
institutions and
programs is going on in all of our communities, to the advantage of all.
The best observations tend to be at the community level -- in education,
chi l d
care
and
living for
child
abuse
the elderly,
prevention,
substance
abuse,
intergenerational initiatives,
independent
the cultural and
performing arts, and a host of other examples.
A c o n c e r n that I would share with you is that, unless we are careful in
such collaborative efforts,
they will, in a sense, be "one-way."
Public
officials are anxious to mobilize and direct private resources to "their
chosen objectives."
philanthropy
available
relates
in
for
to
the
They are not always anxious to be helpful to private
addressing
such
philanthropic
treatment
of
deliberations still underway.
charitable contributions,
taken are usually erosive,
concerns
purposes.
as
The
charitable
increasing
current
the
resources
evidence
contributions
in
the
of
this
budget
While rhet ori c on behalf of phi l anthropy,
and volunteeri sm is
invasiv e,
our various legislative skirmishes at
us ually e f f us i ve,
restri ctive,
a c t i ons
a nd d i sc o ur a g i ng .
In
the n ational level since 1969, we
usually count success in terms of limited losses rather than real gains.
�- 8 I
think our continuing approach should be to be cooperative with public
institutions and organizations t but to be cautious and not be coerced.
Observation 4 concerns the dichotomy between the nature of
the proble.ffiQ.
which concern us and the solutions we devise.
The problems of concern to society tend to be complex t multidisciplinary,
overarching t
penetrating,
and permeating.
Each of
us
can make our own
list -- inflation t K-12 and higher education, home care for the elderly,
groundwater t environmental qualitYt job generation, peace.
To the contrary, the solutions
tend
to
be
narrow,
most often devised to address such issues
discipline-
or
profession-oriented
and
biased,
simplistic, and inadequate to the task.
A major contribution of philanthropy in addressing societal needs can be
to
encourage
demonstrate
and
programs
which
are
comprehensive t
collaborative, and provide continuity.
Observation
5
concerns
the
persistent
reluctance
to
face
facts
<;lnd-iQ
deal with reality.
This is a somewhat human characteristic -- a resistance to change,
when
we are comfortable with that which we know.
Sometimes,
their
even when
institutions
the evidence is overwhelming, both individuals and
are
reluctant
to
respond.
It
is a
mos t areas of human concern, we know better than we do."
truism
tha t
"in
Think only of
�- 9 the areas which may be of special interest to you:
substance abuse, K-12
education, and health care.
For example, if we think of child development in the early years, we know
that age five is too late for societal concern and intervention, yet most
youngsters
and most
communities
pre-school
programs
of
elementary
years
are
high
most
lack
comprehensive
quality.
important
The
and
early childhood and
eviden ce
that
is
drop-out
clear
that
the
can
really
be
predicted by grades six or seven.
Yet,
we
persis t
starving
the
teacher will
in
accrediting
elementary
our
years
tell you that i t
schools
at
the
whenever
resources
takes
first
the
high
are
school
level,
limited.
Every
three months
of
the new
school year to catch up to where students were when school ended in the
spring, yet we persis t
in having a
the
a
summer
months
three-month break in learning during
s chool-year
model
established
by
an
agrarian
Pennsylvania
recently
society nearly two centuries ago.
In
the
matter
commented,
of
penal
reform,
the
"It costs $24,000 a year
Governor
of
to keep a person in
the state pen,
but only $8,000 a year at Penn State."
We as a society,
through our institutions and o r gan i za t io n s , mus t p u t
better
which
use
ca talys t.
that
is
a l r e a dy
known.
Ph i I an thr opy
can
be
a
to
key
�- 10 Observation
6
concerns
the
persistence
of
"turf ism"
in
addressing
.6..Q.C..ietal needs..
Usually
programs
continuity.
of
In
human
Battle
service
Creek,
for
are
badly
example,
fragmented
we
have
67
voluntary, nonprofit groups directed to the needs of youth.
good;
competition
can
also
be
healthy,
but
and
lack
identified
Pluralism is
infighting,
adversarial
stances, and combative behavior are not!
The c leares t
two
example in our home
hospitals,
virtually
across
town was
the
in heal th care, where we had
street
suffering from less than 50 percent occupancy.
from
each
other,
each
In addition, we have the
usual host of other health care organizations -- Visiting Nurse Service,
Department
of
Public
Health,
illnerican
Red
Cross,
Hospice,
Meals
on
Wheels, voluntary ambulance services, and many more.
Unhappily,
while
each is
composed of
intelligent,
able,
dedicated,
and
well-intentioned individuals, each also tends to address issues from the
perspective of their organizational or institutional objectives.
Each is
concerned with their own niche, too often not sensitive to the activities
of
others
needs
of
succeeded
and
with
the
people
of
the
community.
getting
the
two
hospitals
in
insufficient
attention
to
In
to
the
comprehensive
Battle
merge.
Creek
Now we
health
we
finally
are
in
th e
process of getting the other players to join the t eam.
Again, a challenge for philanthropy to be an influence in bringing about
services which are comprehensive, collaborative, and continuous.
�- 11 -
III
In conclusion,
common good?
us here,
what will be
philanthropy's
role
for
the
future
of
the
The hard reality -- or the exciting fact -- is that all of
individually and collectively,
our decisions and actions.
will make
that determination by
We may be passive and reactive -- or we may
be creative and participatory .
While
we
are
continually
addressing shortcomings,
perspective.
concerned
we need
to
with
keep
dealing
these
with
problems
troublesome
concerns
and
in
For example, we read a lot about the problems of teenagers
loday, but most teenagers do well
they are not on drugs,
they do not
get pregnant, and they do not drop out.
At
the same
It
is
to
time,
such
there are
issues
that
pressing concerns which must be addressed.
much
of
our
thought
and
resources
must
be
directed.
We
in
philanthropy
foundations,
or
whether
private
in
foundations
circumstances and opportunities.
corporate
-- must
be
grantmaking,
responsive
community
to
changing
Most of the significant new directions
imperative to our societal future will not be charted by government.
fact,
many
elected
offici als
are
a l mo s t
d esperat e
f or
bett e r
In
ans we r s .
proposed solutions to perplexing issues.
We
in
philanthropy can
creative
level.
collaborative
continue
our
approaches
to
tradition of
human
innovation,
concerns
at
the
nurturing
community
�- 12 -
We can provide leadership to enhance
the
resources of philanthropy and
ensure their most effective use.
Ohio has a great tradition of social concern.
those
who
have
preceded
us
have
been
We in philanthropy -- and
important
partners
in
this
us
all!
progress.
There
is
Godspeed!
595c:1pt
unfinished
business
demanding
the
best
efforts
of
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
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Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
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The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
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Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
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eng
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1938-2012
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JCPA-01_1990-10-26_RMawby_SPE
Title
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Russell Mawby speech, Philanthropy's Role for the Future of the Common Good
Creator
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Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 26, 1990 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the 1990 Annual Conference of the Donors Forum of Ohio.
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Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
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Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
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https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/604ac0aa49ef0b087b3ea5fa60e7ecf2.pdf
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PDF Text
Text
THE WORLD STANDS OUT
Remarks by Russell G. Mawby, President,
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
at the
1979 Awards Banquet of the Michigan International Council
Lansing, Michigan
October 28, 1979
I
It is a pleasure indeed for me to be with you this
evening and i t is equally a privilege for me to accept your
International Affairs Award on behalf of the Kellogg Foundation.
International voluntary action has been a major
commitment of Kellogg and a number of other foundations for
many decades.
Last year, a total of 133 U.S. foundations provided over
$57.8 million for international projects.
Of that amount,
$27 million went to organizations in foreign countries, and
$31 million went to American groups on behalf of other countries.
The level of international grantmaking by all foundations
dropped by some $38 million in 1978.
That drop reflec ts a
�2
general skrinkage in the value of assets of many f ounda t i on s ,
and a consequentia l need to cutback on grantmaking .
Hopefully,
it i s not a result of lessening interest in the international
scene, although I am uneasy in the feeling that such may be
the case -- not only for American philanthropy, but more
importantly on the part of the American people at large -- a
turning inward of interests, away from the world of which we
are a part .
In any event, such change only empha sizes the importance
of groups l ike the Michigan International Council and i t s
more than 100 member organizations which share interest and
ac tivities in the area of world affairs.
In reviewing your
Directory, I was amazed by the broad representation of Council
membership -- from organizations, like the Michigan Division
United Nations Association of the U.S.A., which have international affairs as their pr imary or sole reason for being,
to other institut ions representing business and industry,
civic, education, governmen t, youth, and related programs.
�3
As noted in your Directory, these groups run t he gamut from
foreign policy discussion, citizen exchange, world trade,
humanitarian r e l i e f , overseas studies, sister cities programs,
to a focus on world peace issues.
The Counci l 's own efforts to encourage experience sharing
and contact among organizations conducting v a r i ed international
programs -- for example, the Council Courier Newsletter,
sponsorship of the Great Decisions Program, and your International Data Bureau -- are commendable examples of ways t o
increase in ternational awareness and involvement by both
individuals and organizations in our state.
This awards
dinner is also a very effective way to draw atten tion e a ch
year to International Week activi ties.
II
When John Snell contacted me in early September regarding the awards banquet, he noted that John Hannah had
served as speaker last year and had talked on the s ub j e c t of
feeding t he world's hungry.
John Snell suggested, somewhat
�4
humorously, that I focus my remarks this evening on "food for
the minds of the world, not the bod ies."
He a s k e d tha t I
deal in some way with the economic, po li tical, and ideological
causes and solutions t o the seeming deterioration of true
democracy worldwide, and how we as ind ividuals, business, and
international organizations might be effective in bringing
about workable solutions by providing more positive al ternatives
to communism.
That's more than I can pos sibly deliver -- but
my remarks will relate to those concerns.
I subscribe to the notion that in speakers, brevity is a
virtue .
But I r ealize fully that in brevity there is danger
danger of misinterpretation, of lack of clarification and
precision, of fai lure t o document all conditions and assumption s.
Even with the scope of t h e mandate given me by John, I will
still attempt to be brief, however, and will depend upon your
own wisdom and judgment to translate and interpret my comments
accurately regarding complex international issues.
In that
regard, I am tonight breaking one of the guidelines which I
�frequently use in deciding whether to accept a speech
inv itation -- namely tha t I try never to give a speech to an
audience that knows more about the topic than I do.
Certainly most of you are well versed on key interna tional problems.
So I hope you are not disappo inted if my
remarks this evening represent more of an appetizer rather
than a satisfying, full course coverage of several specific
in ternational concerns, as was r eque sted of me by John Snell.
III
I selected the titl e for tonight's remarks, The World
Stands Ou t, from a poem by American Poet Edna St. Vincent
Millay.
The world s tands out on either side,
no wider than the heart is wide;
above the world is stretched the sky,
no h igher than the soul is high.
�6
The h eart can push the sea and land
farther away on either hand;
the soul can split t he sky in two,
and let the face of God shine through.
But east and west will pinch the h e art
that canno t keep them pushed apart;
and he whose soul is flat - - the sky
will cave in on him by and by.
The world stands out --
no wider than t he heart is wide.
Any reasonable person who reflects thoughtful ly on today
and tomorrow -- on where mankind is and where we are going
finds the prospec t sobering.
No matter how we choose to classify man's concerns or
from what vantage point we elect to view them, ultimately it
becomes c l e a r tha t t he quality of life for our generations
yours and mine and t ho s e that follow -- will be determined
basically by our progress i n i mp r oving human relationships on
�7
an international level.
Whether we think in t e r ms of the
f ami l y , our home c ommun i t y , our sta te or nation, or t h e world
community, the primary determinant of what life will be like
in the years ahead will be a consequence of man's ability to
l i v e in harmony, one with another.
And the most important
decisions confronting u s will not be solved by our burgeoning
technology alone, but instead will be value based and va lue
laden.
It would be nice if our overriding concerns -- such
issues as population, environment , energy, and war -- were
simple, tidy issues that could be dealt with forcefully and
directly.
But we immediately see that they are not simple
and neat; t hey are complex, confounding and compounding,
comprehensive, in terrelated.
One of the dilemmas o f the
human condition is t h a t the problems which concern us are
diffuse, complex, permeating, multidiscip linary, generalized.
Think of any current issue of major significance -- food
supply, energy, education, human health, international trade,
�8
rural development, world peace.
Simultaneously, the solutions
devised by man are usually specific, simplistic, specialized,
narrowly based.
Thus, a serious discontinuity exists between
the nature of the problems which confront us and the solutions
which we contrive for dealing with them.
It is a reality
that in most areas of human endeavor and concern, we know
better than we do.
Since it began its international programming in the
early 1940s, the Kellogg Foundation has sought to assist
other nations and people in creating new ways to more
effectively mobilize knowledge resources to deal with their
own specific problems and needs.
We have emphasized applica-
tion of existing knowledge and education as an effective way
t o improve one generation over another.
This has been the
case with the Foundation's Latin American and European fellowship programs.
The Kellogg Foundation has assisted more than
2,000 professionals from other countries in coming to the
United States for a few weeks to two years of advanced study
�9
in h ealth, educat ion, or agr iculture.
The Fe l l ows have
re turned home with newly a c qu i r e d expertise and a manda te
f rom his or her own in s t i tu tion to adapt knowledge and ski l ls
to local or nationa l needs .
In this way, innovations in such
areas as hea lth care delivery and fo od technology have be en
t ran sferred and adap ted throughout t h e world.
It has been a
proce ss of t he Foundation betting on people from these na t i on s
and on the power of e duc a t i on - - the inquisit ive mind; the
mast ery o f knowledge and skills; and a pa ttern of identifying,
assembling , analyzing, thinking, planning, and doing.
From t he beginning it ha s been apparen t that t h is
"in t e l l ec t u a l i n t e r a ct i on " has been a mutually beneficial
proc ess -- for student and teacher alike.
As each of us
knows f r om personal exp erience, and perhaps particular ly in
world affairs, we are usually s imultaneously a l e a r ne r and a
teacher, a give r and a r e c e i v e r .
I n rec ogni tion of this
r e a l i t y , t h e nature of our Fellowship Program has gradually
changed, giving increased emphasis to the i n t e ll e ctua l
�10
stimulation and creative benefits which occur to both parties.
Just now we are exploring further ramifications of this
philosophy, reflecting a "partners in human progress" theme.
IV
Early in this century when the breakfast cereal business
which Mr. Kellogg had just established began to prosper, he
indicated in conversations with friends that he did not
intend to spoil his family by making them wealthy, that
whatever fortune he should accumulate would be invested in
people.
Fifty years ago he established the W. K. Kel logg
Foundation with a central commitment not to charity but to
helping people to help themselves in mobilizing knowledge
resources to address th e problems which concern them.
Consistently through the years in all Foundation programming,
domestic and int ernational, our emphasis is on people -their needs, their aspirations, their hopes, their goals.
As
John A. Hannah, President Emeritus of this University and
your banquet speaker last year, often observes, "Only people
�11
are important."
People -- with purpose and know-how, philosophy
and knowledge, values and technology.
About two months ago the United Nations convened in
Vienna its Conference on Science and Technology for Development.
While it is always di f ficult to determine t he value o f such
international meetings and too early in any even t t o assess
the significance o f this meeting, it was apparent that the
conference was less congenial and produc t ive than one would
hope.
Dr. Paul A. Mil l er, f o r me r President and now a Professor
at Rochester Institute of Technology and a Senior Program
Consultant to our Foundation, was an observer at the conference.
In summarizing hi s impressions, he observes, "It seemed
clear, over and over again, t h a t the global discussions in
Vienna spli t between those who are seeking a simpler, more
organic, human-scaled, decentral ized, labor-intensive (an
alternate or 'appropriate') technology, and t ho s e others who
see no alternative to maximizing a science-based technology
and applying it to overcoming the constraints to development.
�12
In our view, such debates paid but slight l i p service t o the
participation and understanding of the people at large about
the consequences of technology; rather, the discussion,
staffed by science professionals and couched in the language
of economic and political policies, seemed solidly technocratic
in substance and style.
"However, and paradoxically, the repeated references to
the constra int s of development acknow ledged t ha t development
goes nowhere without popular unders tanding and participation:
adap tation of technology to site specific situations; the
l i n ka ge s o f delivery sy stems to local ins titutions, including
smallholders; the disparities in dual economics (elite enclaves
v ersus the traditional sec t ors); the importance of local,
rural, indigenous i ndu s t r y ; the critical need for local
capacities for innovation and entrepreneurship.
As one
report at the Conference (edited by Harlan Cleveland:
Dynamism and Development ) stated:
I •••
the key factor in
every ca se is no t primari ly economic rela tionsh ips or
�13
technology flows; it is indigenous people handling the process
their values, aspirations, attitudes, skills, leadership,
discipline, authority and organization . '"
In thinking about the issue of people and development, I
find a recent paper by Harlan C. Cleveland and I. A. Abdel
Rahman thought-provoking.
These authorities who have devoted
much of their lives to international affairs assert that a
new model of development is required (including new categories:
equity, employment and education, the energy balance, the
environment, security, decision-making, a global perspective,
and the 'interest of the future generation'), which features
information-generation and flow as the centrally dynamic
idea.
They state, " ... no matter how effective the international
machinery for cooperation, the key to the effective application
of technology for development is still, as always, educated,
self-reliant, indigenous people -- including women, that
often neglected human resource.
Where developing nation
leaders can bargain from a base of clear national purpose and
�14
stable social authority, t he r e is essentially no limit to the
kinds and amounts of technology they can afford t o import.
A
nation's ultimate resource is the quali ty o f its own leadership.
That is the one component of the development spiral that
cannot be purchased from abroad ."
Another scientist concerned with development speaks of
three levels of science literacy.
The first is "practical
science literacy ," which deal s with the ownership of that
know-how that may be placed in use for the improvement of
living standards.
From basic skills of human health in the
developing world to understanding "p r ope r human nutrition in
the developed world, practical science literacy to the critical
I
issues of Third World development.
It is concerned with
local management of agricultural, heal th, and educa tional
enterprises, organizing and operating small businesses, and
receiving, adapting, and monitoring the flow of information
about basic human needs.
He speaks next of " c i v i c sc ience
literacy," dealing with policy issues, and "cultural science
literacy, " the in teractions of technology and culture.
�15
In thinking about opportunities for organizations and
individuals such as thos e represented in the Michigan International Council to contribute to world progress, we would
all agree that there i s a need for not just understanding but
action as well.
The effor ts of both government and private
organi zations, have in recent years been oriented particularly
towards local grassroots projects and upon village-level
workers, intermediate technicians, and paraprofessional
personnel.
At the same time, there continues to be a crucial
lack of managers and administrators of all kinds, of qualified
teachers and trainers, of rural aevelopment cadres, including
local government administrators, agricultural researchers and
extension agents, rural engineers, industrial and commercial
extension agents to promote small scale enterprises, and
health and social welfare personnel.
Thus, as some believe, a lack of empha s i s upon the
long-term needs of leadership development in Latin Ame rica
and Africa has con tributed to major problems on those
�16
continents.
William R. Cotter, President of the African-
American Institute, observes:
"Instead of rapidly building
local manpower capab ility -- the United States has flooded
the develop ing world with expensive American technicians.
These technicians have not had and cannot have a meaningful,
long-term impact on the staggering problems afflicting the
impoverished world masses; only skilled nationals and national
institutions can achieve t ha t impact."
It is exactly this focus on skilled nationals and local
institutions which has occupied the majority of Kellogg
Foundation fundin g internationa liy, and it is exactly such
problems as have been described which should interest most
donor institutions and agencies, and which should lead them
to examine the cr itical La tin American and African needs for
highly trained leaders in such fields as science and technological development, po licy planning, and project implementat ion.
�17
Highly-funded, heavy handed programs aimed at massive
infrastructure projects in the developing countries have
clearly shown that we cannot bring about cultural change and
progress through force.
Human sensitivities and responses are
far too discriminating and fragile, the process of cultural
adjustment too deliberate to be mandated from above or outside.
You can introduce cultivation of a high protein, red bean on
campisino farms.
But you cannot force people to eat such red
beans if they are accustomed to black beans.
This same lesson has been l e a r n e d regarding massive
transfer of resources and technology.
Giv ing sma ll farmers
in Latin America garden tractors does absolutely no good when
the farmers cannot afford gasoline and spare parts to operate
them.
We could, of course, debate a t length my categorization
of these social i s s u e s and problems , sta tistics, funding
levels, and even argu e semantics.
Yet i t is readily apparent
that intellectual knowledge resources are absolutely funda-
�18
mental in dealing with man's tomorrow worldwide.
It is also
clear that there is great opportunity for the private sector,
and for each individual organization and citizen, to contribute
time, effort and money to eliminating international hunger,
poverty, illness, and ignorance.
Such help will only be
effective if it stresses human values and human interaction.
I am constantly surprised at the current scope of such efforts.
Very often, in addition to the tangible and discrete, the
ingredients you and your organizations provide are the human
and humane, the warm and caring concern.
V
It is also the organizations which you represent, working
individually and collectively through the Michigan International Council, which can help reshape general international
responses.
When the realities of world poverty, disease, and injustice
seem almost overwhelming, you might find the following an
encouraging reminder:
�19
I am only one, but I am one;
I can't do everything, but I can do something;
And what I can do, I ought t o do;
And what I ought to do, by the grace of God, I will do.
If each of us will do -- in our diverse ways and various
roles -- what we can do and ought to do to further world
understanding and the human condition, we will have done our
bit to foster the better life which all people seek.
God speed in your important international work.
WPC:
10/24/79
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Russell Mawby Papers
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Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
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The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
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Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
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eng
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JCPA-01
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1938-2012
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JCPA-01_1979-10-28_RMawby_SPE
Title
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Russell Mawby speech, The World Stands Out
Creator
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Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 28, 1979 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the 1979 Awards Banquet of the Michigan International Council.
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Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
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Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
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Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
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eng
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1979-10-28
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Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/cfbd4f24a578902d4ba0668e50c5c6b0.pdf
4299c65b104991d0dc4b6e2a30db7061
PDF Text
Text
October 3-4, 1 981
An adaptation of th i s speech was
given a t the 20th Anniversary
celebra tion and re-dedication of
Kettun en Center (corres . filed General
"Michigan 4-H Fou ndation ."
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Pre sid en t
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4-H
27, 1976 - National 4-H Conference
April
As "old timers" we stand on
and early senility.
the
threshold b e t w e e n
late adole scence
I remember wh en we were debatinB over wh ether or not a 4-H'er could
use a box mix to ma k e a ca ke; if you did work but didn't sho w i t at
the fair did i t count as co mpl ete; did we count as "me mbers" those
who were in the TV electrical club.
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pro f e s s ion a 1,/ st a t u s for 4 - H, the p e'e d t a r e vie \-7 the 4 - H sub c o mn I t t e e s t r u c t u r e and role, l i-ne i t ees budgeted for ~.-Ht a m e r g e r
of the Nation al 4-8 Foundation and the National 4-H S ~rvice
Committ ee, r e gula!" national meetings of Il-H state .l-f'ader s t professional training for yo~th work.
You've made all of this a nd
more happen.
4-H today is big ger and better than ever before.
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is a great st atement, co mpreh e n sive, ch all en ging and sti sula ting.
I particularly n oted emph a si s on volunt eer, pro fession2~ . G ar e er
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
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Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Identifier
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JCPA-01
Coverage
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1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
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JCPA-01_1981-10-03_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, On Century III for 4-H
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 3, 1981 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for the 20th Anniversary celebration and re-dedication of the Kettunen Center.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
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Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Youth
Language
A language of the resource
eng
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Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
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1981-10-03
Format
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application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4ca6d2ba3c8824d4a229b42eab6c215b.pdf
c3a9faf3521386075deb15b605021637
PDF Text
Text
af -1-
Remarks by
Russell G. Mawby
Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
at the
Dedication of the Marcum Conference Center
Miami University
Oxford, Ohio
October 3, 1982
I.
I am delighted to be here with all of you today to take
part in the dedication of this impressive new Timothy Marcum
Memorial Conference Center as part of the Miami University
campus.
Miami University, in
build~ng
the center, has reaffirmed
its commitment to academic excellence and educational innovation.
It also has given assurance that its distinguished record of
public service, ranking highly among all public institutions in
Ohio, will continue.
The Kellogg Foundation is honored to have
had a role in bringing to life your exciting plans for this
Center.
As some of you may know, the Kellogg Foundation's founder,
Mr. W. K. Kellogg, was a successful businessman and an equally
practical philanthropist.
In 1935, when he made the irrevocable
�af -2-
transfer of his fortune to the Foundation, he wrote a brief
letter in which he concluded:
"I am glad that the educational approach has been emphasized.
The greatest good for the greatest number can corne only through
the education of the child, the parent, the teacher, the family
physician, the dentist, and the community in general.
Education
offers the greatest opportunity for really improving one generation
over another."
Growing out of Mr. Kellogg's philosophy, the Kellogg
Foundation has placed very high priority on efforts to improve
and expand educational opportunities.
These opportunities have
included all of the people specifically mentioned by Mr. Kellogg -the child, parent, teacher, physician, dentist, and many, many
others -- the farmer, citizen board member, factory worker,
homemaker, the handicapped, persons from diverse walks of life.
Perhaps more than any other private foundation, the Kellogg
Foundation is also identified with continuing education for
adult s as a group.
Very often this connection is made in terms
�af -3-
of residential centers for continuing education, such as the 10
which have been assisted at institutions in this country and
another ln Oxford, England.
In each instance, the chief interest of both the universities
and the Foundation has been with program, and only secondarily
with the building itself.
Each center has represented a significant
new dimension in programming models for university-based residential
continuing education.
We are proud of these centers and their
accomplishments, for their success is at least partially responsible
for stimulating development of more than 130 other centers at
colleges and universities throughout the country since the
early 1950s.
This Marcum Center thus becomes the newest member
of a distinctive family of university facilities dedicated to
lifelong learning.
This informal network of residential continuing education
centers at universities continues to meet an important need for
adults in a variety of professional and personal ways.
�af -4-
Only recently however have the universities and their
specialists in continuing education come to realize that most
of these centers have been conceptually, programmatically, and
geographically restricted to the outskirts of higher education.
The reason for this is not that anyone deliberately planned
that there be such a line of demarcation.
It is because, for
too long, continuing education has been viewed not as a logical,
progressive process from birth to death but as something we may
return to after years away from schoolbook and classroom.
The
space or gap between early education and adult or continuing
education has been left without meaning, unintentionally neglected
by learning theorists.
II.
Cyril Houle, a consultant to our Foundation and a noted
scholar within the field of continuing education, has observed
that education is only appropriately viewed in a lifelong
context.
Lifelong education is grounded on the concept that
there are periods within an individual's life, ranging from
�af -5-
childhood, adolescence, onset of maturity, adulthood, through
identifiable stages of middle and old age, in which there are
special learning needs and abilities.
The comprehensive approach
to lifespan education suggests that there are right times in
which to learn how to lay a foundation for life; to be a good
marriage partner and parent; to supervise and administer the
work of other people; to work toward long-held goals; to examine
past patterns of life and contemplate new ones; to care for
one's body through its states of declining vigor; to accept old
age with grace and dignity.
None of these stages is isolated
and distinct one from another; they are a continuum.
Doors do
not usually slam shut on periods of life; they close slowly,
while new ones open.
Houle further suggests that any specific
kind of learning is most effectively undertaken when its time
has come on this continuum.
However, quite naively, colleges and universities have
gone about the business of education, herding the undergraduate
and the adult into separate pastures of learning with little
thought for what might be gained by removing the fences.
�af - 6-
On many campuses the continuing education center is ideologically and physically removed from the daily flow of undergraduate
academic and social life.
Adult conferees come to a campus for
their scheduled events, attend them, and return to their professional
and private lives, perhaps the wiser for the conference learning
experience; but with nearly as alien a knowledge of the campus
and its students as they had upon arrival.
And, while regular undergraduate or graduate students may
occasionally notice conference topics posted outside the continuing
education center, they rarely attend the sessions or have
occasion to talk with conferees.
One campus -- two worlds -
and "never the twain shall meet."
Utah State University in Logan, one of the latest institutions
to receive Kellogg Foundation assistance for a continuing
education center, moved closer than any previous university to
making the two worlds one when it constructed its center at the
crossroads of student traffic in the academic heart of the
campus and named it the "Lifespan Learning Complex.
II
�af -7-
The name and the location of the facility reflected Utah
State's desire that its undergraduates, conferees, and visitors
come to view learning as a lifelong opportunity and experience.
The building is used by full-time students as well as conferees.
Continuing education programs In the center are visible to
everyone on campus and embrace most of the subjects offered by
the university.
But Miami University, more than any other institution to
date, will unify the concepts of lifelong learning into a
unique, creative arrangement through the programs in its Marcum
Conference Center.
The potential you have identified and are
now developing is truly extraordinary.
III.
It's interesting to note that something as commonplace as
daily meals caught our attention when Charles Mechem, chairman
of Miami's Goals for Enrichment Campaign; Paul Smucker, member
of the Campaign Committee; and President Shriver first came to
the Foundation with proposed plans for integrating lifelong
education into the campus mainstream.
Why mealtime?
�af -8-
Because Miami was so committed to bringing undergraduates and
adult learners together to become acquainted and share their
experiences that one simple part of the plan was to have them
dine together, either here or in campus residence halls nearby.
My colleagues at the Foundation and I were intrigued.
But that was just one small part of the plan for this new
program, the Informal Miami Program.
Marcum Representatives,
an official Miami University student organization, will playa
central role in this program.
Students will greet and host
every conferee who comes to campus, and encourage all of them
to join in gatherings at residence halls, attend campus events,
classes, concerts, and theatre performances.
Undergraduates and faculty will be registered in conferences
and conferees will be welcomed to selected university classes.
Another significant component of the Informal Miami Program
that promises to set it head and shoulders above other continuing
education programs is the use of electronic media in aiding the
learning process.
Conferees will find their guest rooms equipped
�af -9-
with video tape players and a selection of tapes from current
lectures, panel discussions, and other campus courses.
In the privacy of their own rooms and at their own convenience,
conferees can explore the academic world of learning, typically
traveled only by the campus-based, degree-bound student.
By
getting acclimated in this personal way, the choice may be made
to take a class or classes offered by the university.
For the
parent of an undergraduate, the experience of sampling their
world of learning, if only briefly, can be enough to start a
new and better exchange of ideas flowing in the home.
In all of these ways, the belief that learning is lifelong
is being reinforced for the traditional student and the transient
student or visiting conferee.
But there are some subtle,
equally important ways, too, ln which learning will occur
through the interactions of student and visitor.
Consider, for
example, the mid-career professional, who can offer the undergraduate
the benefit of practical experience and insight about the value
and need for a solid base of knowledge in the fast-paced business
and industrial world.
�af -10-
For the conferees the real benefits may be more subtle.
The visitors to Miami's campus may find in talking with students,
that "things have changed" since they were in school and a
return to academe for coursework may be more necessary than
they re alized.
The examples and the possibilities for the successes of
the Informal Miami Program could go on and on.
I am convinced
that, as the program unfolds, the rewards it heaps upon the
students of this university -- whether undergraduate or situated
somewhere along that lifelong continuum of learning -- will be
greater than we might imagine.
Thus, Miami University, in building the Marcum Conference
Center and designing the Informal Miami Program has launched a
concept that holds promise as a national model to be emulated
by colleges and universities everywhere.
IV.
What are the Foundation's practical hopes as you begin
this important experiment ln making lifelong education understood
and appreciated by all learners?
�af -11-
ONE:
We hope a number of specific examples will evolve out
of your efforts, and th e programs of this Center, to
give further concreteness to the value of lifespan
education to the lives of peopl e.
TWO:
We hope that from these specific examples will e me r g e
better ways of carrying out university functions and
university programs with all of your students whatev er
their ages.
THREE:
We hope the university will demonstrate new, more
effective ways of working with the informal network of
continuing education organizations.
For example:
voluntary agencies, service organizations, associations,
and community institutions such as libraries, museums ,
and art centers -- many of which often embody the
concept of lifespan education and which collectively
make up what Samuel Gould has called a "communiversity."
FOUR:
We hope the university will continue to be creative in
identifying and rea ching new learning clienteles which
�af -12-
have not been served by existing networks and programs
of continuing education;
FIVE:
We hope the university will build upon the comprehensive
approach demonstrated here to help adult citizens and
students continuously create for themselves individual
and collective plans for living -- for lifelong learning
and growth, incorporating the individual's personal
values and goals, and to the interrelationships between
work ' (profession, career), family, leisure, and learning;
and
SIX:
"
We hope, most of all, that the young people who leave
full-time study on this campus will have a deep conviction
of the importance of learning throughout their own
lives and a practical knowledge of how to go about
doing so in all of the relevant institutions of the
communiversity.
Challenges as difficult as these were faced and met in
earlier eras, and for earlier clienteles, through the extension
�af -13-
network and the residential continuing education centers.
Today the special challenge, for this special university and
this special complex, is to lead the way into a new era of
educational service in our society.
It is to that challenge, that opportunity, that we dedicate
this facility today.
�
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Russell Mawby Papers
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Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
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The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
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Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
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eng
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1938-2012
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JCPA-01_1982-10-03_RMawby_SPE
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Russell Mawby speech at the Dedication of the Marcum Conference Center
Creator
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Mawby, Russell
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Speech given October 3, 1982 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the dedication of the Marcum Conference Center at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio.
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Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
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Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
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Education
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eng
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Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/bb8fb6664218316fdf9dfdf22bf98667.pdf
423d29dcfaaf7e10f9c570d31475e427
PDF Text
Text
The Challenge for Outreach
for Land-Grant Universities
As They Move Into the 21st Century
Presented by
Russell G. Mawby
Chairman Emeritus
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
as the
WALTER BARNARD HILL-DISTINGUISHED LECTURE
Hugh B. Masters Hall
Georgia Center for Continuing Education
University of Georgia
Athens, Georgia
October 30, 1995
Thank you for the pleasure and privilege of being with you here in
Athens this day.
It is a pleasure to again be with old and new friends at the University
of Georgia. The relationship of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation with
this University extends back more than half a century, with our first
modest grant made in 1942 to provide student loan/scholarship funds
in medicine. Then in 1954, we provided major assistance to the
University and the people of Georgia in establishing this Georgia
Center for Continuing Education. Subsequently, we have provided
�2
assistance to a number of University initiatives in the broad fields of
health ! agriculture, rural development, leadership, and youth
programming, with total commitments of more than $13 million. On a
p~ona l n~ I have been involved for more than three decades in
this relationship, developing a host of professional colleagues and
personal friends. Thus it is great to be here again to experience the
dynamics of this great University, the people who comprise it, and
the mission and people it serves.
And it is a privilege -- indeed a signal honor for which I am most
grateful -- to present the inaugural lecture of the Walter Barnard Hill
Distinguished Lecture Series. Mr. Hill was a remarkable man who
provided leadership for this University at the beginning of this
century.
native of Talbotton, Georgia, Hill graduated from this
University in 1870. He then
QV~ in a remarkable career in
-public service, before being elected
�3
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"Before his election the State had held aloof from the institution -- the
competition with the denominational colleges necessarily giving rise
to some friction -- and this fact kept the State institution from
occupying the position of confidence and good will in the eyes of the
lawmakers of the State that its position entitled it to claim.
"The appropriations that had been made to it before Mr. Hill's election
were few and far between."
The memorial then continues :
"While the State has been gradually awakening to the wants of all her
educational institutions and is coming to recognize the claims upon
her resources, yet it is almost certain that but for Mr. Hill's efforts in
this respect the awakened interest would not have taken the direction
toward the University which we now find to exist.
"He brought to the support of the University all the advocates of
education in the State, and especially enlisted the confidence of the
�5
mothers and fathers who committed their sons to his care . By his
exercise of constant interest in and deep solicitude for the welfare of
the young men in his charge, he soon put out of question entirely any
suggestion of demoralization or vicious practices in the University.
'The attendance at the institution during this time was more than
doubled -- reaching the highest point in its history at the term
following his decease. "
The Bar Association concludes:
"He despised all shams, and knew few of the arts of the politician -laying no claim to leadership, in the ordinary sense of the term, save
as his powerful advocacy of a cause compelled his associates to
recognize such right.
"He regarded no sacrifice of self as too great where the advancement
of morality and honest administration of law was concerned.
�6
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�7
"Perhaps the strongest evidence of Hill's progressive bent, however,
came from his emphasis on the necessity for higher education to
become more utilitarian and to render services to society. In the
post-Civil War period, many American public and private universities
had shown new interest in utilitarian subjects and in research. From
the 1870s forward, these institutions moved farther away from the
traditional approach to liberal arts education toward a model which
ultimately blended utilitarianism, research, and liberal culture .... Hill
embraced the new philosophy. A state university, he contended,
should include in its faculty a variety of experts upon whom the public
could rely for aid in solving difficult social problems. Through new
emphases on expertise, research, and extension, a university
fundamentally different from its nineteenth-century forerunner would
emerge. 'The University of the twentieth Century will be
differentiated from its predecessors in this,' Hill told a Georgia
audience in 1905, "IT WILL CONNECT ITS ACTIVITIES MORE
CLOSELY WITH THE BUSINESS AND LIFE OF THE PEOPLE (Hill's
emphasis)" .
�8
Hill was a visionary leader of remarkable skill and energy who
assumed the chancellorship of this University at a critical time in its
history. A visionary and a pragmatist, according to Dyer he moved
toward resolution of three of the largest problems facing public higher
education in the state: the relationship to the legislature, the role of
agricultural education, and the expansion of the college at Athens
into a true university. In addition to public financial support through
the legislature, he sought private assistance as well. In this regard,
he recruited George Foster Peabody, a native Georgian who had
amassed a great fortune. In addition to providing financial
assistance, Peabody served as a valued counselor and advocate.
As one example, in letters to Hill, Peabody strongly suggested that
-
the Chancellor should be bold about the amount of money requested
-
from the legislature.
Chancellor Hill wa bold, not only in his financial aspirations, but in
his vision for the University of Georgia. He launched initiatives
which broadened curriculum, strengthened the faculty, deepened the
�9
commitment to the needs of the people of Georgia, and articulated
the tripartite dimensions of teaching, research, and outreach/service.
A century later, this University, and the people of Georgia and
beyond, are the beneficiaries of his vision and contributions. Thus it
is appropriate that we celebrate his memory through this Lecture
series. I congratulate the University and appreciate the opportunity
of being a part of this celebration.
II
When Dr.
. Younts, Vice President for Services (Outreach) called
to extend the invitation to this lectureship, he and I discussed the
( outreach dimension of the University's mission in the broader con!:xt
of public service.
When the leaders of Georgia took action to make
this the first state-chartered institution of higher education as our
country was being formed, when George Washington promoted his
plan for a national university, when Thomas Jefferson nurtured the
University of Virginia, a central intent of all these founders was to set
�10
higher learning within a public context. In their view, collegiate study
should be guided by the principles of the constitution, by democracy
and independence, by ability and ambition, not by religion or
heredity. Our new nation needed an abundant supply of leaders to
serve its various needs. Access to education should be open to all
who could benefit from it, and the curriculum should include practical
and contemporary subjects as well as theoretical and classical ones.
Research, the creation of new knowledge, was not a clearly
articulated role for these institutions; though the records show
frequent references to experimentation and demonstration . Such
were the aspirations of these pioneers.
The cluster of little state colleges established in the earliest days of
our country's history were augmented midway through the 19th
century and again 30 years later when congress created two waves
of land-grant institutions, each intended to bring the benefits of
higher education to a sector of the population hitherto denied it, a
new part of the public. For these 18th and 19th century pioneers,
public service meant essentially the instruction on campus of young ,
�II
white, free men 16-20 years of age. The enlargement of the
clientele even within that age group was not to come until much later
and after much strife.
It took 100 years for research to become a formal part of higher
education, culminating in 1887 with passage of the Hatch Act
supporting research. Public service, as a clear-cut separate
principle, distinguishing it from the service of the public interests
through collegiate programs of teaching and research, entered the
American university about a quarter of a century after research did.
Seaman Knapp , by remarkable coincidence an ancestor of the
current president of this University, pioneered agricultural extension
which resulted in passage of the Smith-Lever Act in 1914. And the
movement for general university extension, which began at
Cambridge and Oxford Universities in England in the 1870s swept
through public colleges in this country in the early part of this century.
Chancellor Hill, whose memory we honor, was a catalytic and
effective leader in these movements.
�12
As our public universities have grown and matured, the triumvirate of
their mission -- teaching, research, and public service/outreach -- has
----
become generally accepted, at least in rhetoric. In this process, two
clearly identifiable tendencies have occurred. First, teachin has
become narrowly defined, referring essentially to that which occurs in
a classroom or laboratory setting, usually on campus, with students
enrolled in courses for credit leading to credentials. The vast array of
other teaching carried out by university faculty in less formal settings
and structure is lumped ignominiously into public service.
Nontraditional patterns of teaching, often with nontraditional students
in nontraditional settings, is thus relegated to a position of lesser
status.
Second, the research mission of the University, though the latest
entrant on the scene in some respects, has become omni otentf
Professors who neither teach nor directly address attention to public
concerns are exalted. Publication is essential to faculty success.
Basic research is pre-eminent, while those research efforts described
as "applied" are viewed with less acclaim. Thus, in the academic life
�13
of public institutions today, research represents the ultimate exercise,
with teaching -- especially at the undergraduate level -- seen as a
mandated duty, and public service an obligation too often accepted
with reluctance.
In examining in detail the public service dimension of public higher
education, it becomes apparent that these institutions carry on
certain kinds of public service activities which are not central to their
teaching and research missions. Five examples will illustrate this
dimension:
The first is the preservation of knowledge, a goal which universities
seek in myriad ways but most notably in libraries, museums,
galleries, and special collections.
-
A second kind of activity is the provision of aesthetic experience.
The rich profusion of music, paintings, sculpture, ballet, drama, and
all the other arts which pours forth on a university campus and which
�14
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range of human association both on and off campus.
~
n this sense,
ttJJ,-'"
public service should be seen as not a function but.. . ."princi Ie which
animates and guides the basic work of a university.
Programmatically, it meant one thing at the founding of this institution
two centuries ago and to Chancellor Hill and his peers a century
past; it means something quite different now. It is the desire directly
to serve the social order which created, needs, and nourishes the
public university. It is not the only such principle. One can readily
think of at least three other guiding influences:
the tradition of the
university as an institution; the development of the disciplines as
-
-
----
bodies of knowledge; and the desire to serve the specific students
enrolled both on and off campus.
All four principles are evident in a university's structure and are
powerfully felt in its operation . Constant tension exists among them,
since each, if carried to its extreme, contradicts or denies the others.
While both private and public universities now engage in public
�16
service, the concept has been most truly fulfilled in the state
universities, which is why they proclaim it to be part of their central
triad of purposes.
The desire to respond directly to society and, in
turn, to incorporate the ideas thus gained into the central fabric and
enerative
forc,2. It has helped bring this and other state universities to their
worldwide eminence. It has led to the creation of new categories of
institutions of higher learning, such as the regional state colleges and
universities and the community colleges. In.-?ummation,
ublic
service is the s irit which animates some of the best things our public
universities do.
III
In turning now to the challenges for outreach for our land-grant
universities as we move into the 21st century, let us start with the
simplistic notion that our public universities are knowledge
resources/reservoirs created and sustained by society to serve
societal purposes through activities of preserving knowledge,
�17
generating new knowledge, organizing and synthesizing knowledge,
-
and transmitting knowledge in multiple ways. The term "outreach"
has come into usage to summarize the "transmitting" functions of the
university with audiences and with methodology not characteristic of
that typically used in dealing with young students enrolled in courses
on campus.
In sharing with you my thoughts regarding challenges in outreach as
we head into a new century, I will organize my thoughts around five
points . Miss Lois Conrad, my high school speech teacher, taught me
that no speech should contain more than two or certainly at most
three points, since the typical audience can absorb no more. But
with such an illustrious aggregation as that assembled here in Hugh
B. Masters Hall today, I feel comfortable in stretching that limit to five
..z-
sets of observations.
• The first observation concerns the seeming return "shift back" to
local responsibility and control in addressing societal needs.
�18
For a span of about six decades -- from the "progressive era" at the
turn of the century to the late 1960s, and particularly beginning with
the "New Deal" in the decade of the 1930s -- the federal government
took an ever-increasing part in meeting the needs of the American
people . Since the early 1970s, that trend has first slowed, then
seemed to reverse. Increasingly, states and localities are being
called upon to deliver services and provide benefits to people at the
community level. This shift of responsibility and authority back to
the community suggests at least two dimensions of outreach
opportunities for universities.
---
The first relates to fostering patterns of community leadership.
I.
Individuals in their various roles -- as elected officials, as volunteers
serving on citizen boards and committees, as professionals in public
and private non-profit organizations and programs -- will need to
develop skills and capacities in a broad range of duties they will be
called upon to perform -- strategic planning, priority setting,
consensus building, decision-making, conflict resolution , assessment
and evaluation.
�19
A further major opportunity for universities, as responsibility is
returned to community people in their organizations and institutions,
both governmental and private nonprofit, will be the rovision of
techni c I ssistance. Counsel and expertise will be vital in helping
communities analyze problems, explore alternatives, establish
priorities, and implement solutions to issues which concern them, in a
broad range of human concerns, from environmental issues through
education and health services to enabling independent living for the
elderly and the handicapped.
As the political rhetoric at both national and state levels is translated
into action in the months and years ahead( shifting responsibility,
authority, and resources to community stewardshiP) the opportunities
for university outreach to enhance communit capacity will be
monumental and imperative.
• The second observation concerns the dichotomy between the
nature of the problems which concern us and the solutions we
devise.
�20
The problems of concern to society tend to be complex, multidisciplinary, overarching, penetrating, and permeating. Each of us
can make our own list -- inflation, K-12 and higher education, health
care and wellness promotion, groundwater quality, environmental
issues, violence, civil relationships, peace.
On the contrary, the solutions most often devised to address such
issues tend to be narrow , discipline or profession-oriented and
biased , simplistic, and inadequate to the task.
In most fields of knowledge and in most professions, we have
benefited from superb specialization. Yet, thoughtful analysis
reveals that none of the critical issues confronting society can be
dealt with adequately by anyone specialty. Thus, while we must
continue to benefit from specialization, we must somehow be
successful in mobilizing knowledge resources and expertise for a
broad range of disciplines, professions, fields of concentration if we
are to be successful in putting to use that which is known. It is a
�21
truism that "in most areas of human concern, we know better than we
do."
Universities, by tradition and by organizational structure, often have
difficulty in mobilizing essential knowledge resources to deal
effectively with increasingly complex societal concerns. In looking
broadly at societal concerns today, there is an almost des erate
-
need for our state universities to employ their marvelous resources
more creatively in serving public interests. The agenda is virtually
endless -- early childhood development, K-12 education, economic
development and job generation , substance abuse, corrections,
environmental quality, well ness promotion and health service
delivery, welfare, rural and urban decay, waste disposal -- the list
goes on. The success of our society in addressing such issues will
influence the quality and character of life for both current and future
generations.
• Observation three relates to the implications and virtually limitless
opportunities which new technology offers to the outreach mission
�22
of the university. When President
o. C. Aderhold submitted on
October 31, 1953, the final application from the University of
Georgia to the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for assistance in
developing the Georgia Center for Continuing Education, the
emphasis appropriately was upon mission and programmatic
initiatives rather than simply the highly visible facility.
The "Georgia Center was built on a big idea from the start - not just a
conference center with eating and sleeping accommodations as
useful adjuncts, but a modern adult learning center to include in
addition to the living and learning wings, a 'full-fledged television
station, a radio broadcasting station , and a studio for the production
of twenty full-length documentary films annually .' The idea was that
'the synchronized use of films, television and radio would prolong the
opportunity for learning both prior to and after the visit of groups to
the campus. "' (2)
Alford, Harold J.; Continuing Education in Action:
Residential Centers for Lifelong Learning, John Wiley &
Sons, Inc., New York: 1968; p. 2 2
(2)
�23
That language, four decades ago, has a museum-like quality today.
The University of Georgia then was indeed at the cutting edge in
using burgeoning technology to serve its educational mission and
has continued to be a pioneer and at the forefront in these
dimensions of higher education.
New developments now in technology provide boundless
opportunities for innovation, for access, for dissemination. Changes
are occurring so rapidly that it is virtually impossible to keep up.
Writing in USA Today in May, 1993
(3)
Kevin Maney described
"technology's new frontier, merging computers, television, telephones
and cable." He said "Over the next decades, a new kind of
information and entertainment industry - bigger and more pervasive
than anything since the old military-industrial complex - will come
together and change our lives at home and work.
"The industry, still nameless, is being formed as the TV, film and
news business, the local and long-distance telephone companies,
(3)
USA Today. May 18, 1993
�24
the computer hardware and software industry and the publishing
industry all fuse at the borders..... New technology is coming so fast,
it is 'taking down any barrier between fulfillment and imagination'
says John Malone, chief executive of cable giant,
Telecommunications Inc."
While Maney relates these developments to information and
entertainment, the implications and potential for education and
university outreach are evident and awesome. These developments
-
will occur, with or without colleges and universities as players.
~
".
Universities must move decisively and resolutely, with greater speed
than is their tradition, if they are to influence and participate in
technologies' contributions to education at all levels and throughout
--
...
the lifespan .
This University has been pre-eminent in the application of new
technology to programs of outreach and lifelong education.
�25
Extraordinary commitment will be essential to continuation of this
status in this field.
• Observation four relates to the conformation of institutional
commitment to outreach . In the triumvirate -- teaching, research
and outreach -- priority has gravitated in the allocation of
resources and the reward system to research, then teaching , and
finally outreach. If institutions of higher education are to continue
-
to deserv e and receive public support for their work within the
university, this pattern needs to be adjusted. There needs to be a
recommitment to Chancellor Hill's philosophy of serving the public
need. The mindset of the university must be committed to the
spirit of public service and to this g [gose must be mobilized the
strongest of its intellectual resources. The gradual erosion of
public commitment to education in general and higher education in
---
particular would seem in part to be a consequence of public
disenchantment or disillusionment regarding universities, the
professoriate, and their usefulness in serving contemporary
societal needs. Society , through the political process, increasingly
�26
seems to be looking elsewhere for creative leadership and for
answers in dealing with increasingly complex issues.
To be explicit, colleges of education seem to be less than fully
responsive to societal concerns regarding early childhood
development and the performance of K-12 educational systems.
Colleges of the health professions have not contributed in substantial
ways to societal concerns about human wellness, health promotion,
and health care services and delivery systems. Colleges and
schools of social work and colleges of the social sciences have not
been pacesetters in welfare reform and in addressing significant
concerns about the human condition.
Faculties, administrative leaders and trustees must deal thoughtfully
and constructively with thi(lnternal issue. Outreach and service in
the public interest must once again become a characteristic of the
university.
�27
Beyond the university, thought must be given to public support for
outreach activities. In the budgeting process, outreach has usually
been ancillary or peripheral rather than central to the mission and its
budgetary substance. Legislative funding formulas have usually
centered around student numbers and reimbursement related to oncampus programs of study leading to degrees or credentials.
With the changing nature of society, burgeoning knowledge and the
need for lifelong learning, these patterns of funding must be reviewed
and alter d. Funding from federal, state, and county sources for
such programs as the Agricultural Extension Service, later the
Cooperative Extension Service, and more recently University
Extension, has been eroding or vanishing. It will take strong
leadership on the part of universities and political Rartners to develop
and institutionalize new formulas and patterns of funding if lifelong
learning and outreach initiatives are to be fostered and sustained.
• The fifth and final observation relates to the structures and
processes of lifespan education, which need to be strengthened if
�28
they are to serve adequately the needs of the next century. One
important need is the creation and dissemination of a much
stronger knowledge base for the field
of-continuing or adult or
lifespan education. At present, in continuing education there
appears to be a strange discontinuity between its intellectual base
and its practice. On the one hand, an impressive body of
theoretical knowledge and tested principles is in existence flowing
from the work of Seaman Knapp and other towering figures, from
multiple graduate theses and scholarly works produced by
thoughtful theorists, and from many investigations in allied
disciplines.
On the other hand, I think I see a great many
administrators and other people who carry out adult education
solely on the basis of lore, local tradition, habitual routines, hunch,
and trial and error, uninformed about the intellectual foundations
of their own work.
A second need is for universities to complete their task of reorienting
their viewpoint from the teaching of young people to the provision of
IifesRan learning. Even in the most traditional form of university-
�29
based continuing education -- courses offered for credit -- the
number and proportion of adults has had an accelerated growth.
Adults make up an increasing percentage of the total student body
on the campuses of most colleges and universities. But a good deal
of anecdotal evidence suggests that the forms of instructions
originally designed for an immature student body have not been
adequately altered to serve as suitable methods of learning for
experienced women and men. Regular class enrollment is important
but, as we all know, it is only a small part of a vastly larger whole
which includes such continuing educational services as conferences,
seminars, lecture and concert series, telecommunication through
many media, field staffs reaching out to places sometimes far distant
from the home campus, and the provision of learning opportunities
for many constituencies, including agriculture, industry, commerce,
labor, families, voluntary associations, human services, professionals
of various specialization, and solitary individuals.
The shi of universities from youth dominated education to a lifespan
learning conception will require countless changes in policy within
�30
universities, in their relationships with other institutions, and in
governmental and other systems of control and reinforcement. Here
we must have real and practical change involving new lines on
organization charts, higher places for administrators of continuing
education in the boxes in those charts, pragmatic changes and
promotion procedures and reward systems, and major reallocations
of resources. We have had enough general testaments to continuing
education and evangelistic approaches to it to sustain us for a long
time . We now need to see new policies which are rooted in
sustained practice. Universities simply must make such changes for
themselves. They can also be the generators of broader change by
sponsoring commissions or committees of inquiry into adult
continuing education, using their prestige to attract to such
enterprises the leaders and policy makers of society.
Again, the University of Georgia has been a leader in professional
development and in encouraging unified thrusts, bringing together
practitioners of various interests and organizational allegiances,
�31
involving many parts of their institutions as well as many outside
collaborators.
As the new century unfolds, it will be increasingly evident that
learning must indeed be a lifelong commitment for all learners, if
individuals are to satisfactorily fulfill their aspirations in their career or
professional activities, their personal lives, their civic responsibilities.
Policies, patterns, procedures of the past will increasingly be
antiquated and counterproductive.
IV
Two centuries ago the founding fathers of this University, acting in a
~
spirit of public service, issued a state charter for its establishment. A
century later, the University they launched was blessed with the
fortuitous election of Chancellor Walter Barnard Hill. Hill, in concert
with his faculty and administrative colleagues and political and civic
leaders, developed and articulated a vision for the University of
Georgia which is still evident today. Deeply committed to the
�32
University's service to public needs, he generated a public response
which led to unprecedented financial support from both public and
private sources. Sensitively tuned to contemporary concerns of
individuals, families, and communities in the short span of his tenure
/
he generated a momentum which carried the University through the
early decades of the 20th century and has characterized its
subsequent trajectory. Chancellor Hill acted with vision, confidence,
courage, and boldness .
All of us realize that, in the final analysis, only people are important -only people make a difference. Any organization is a consequence
of the people who comprise it. The University of Georgia is a great
institution because of its people - past, present, future -- individuals
of vision, capacity, confidence, competence, compassion.
~
Today we are}he beneficiaries and the stewards of the legacy which
those who have gone before have provided. Mrs. Frances
Hesselbein, former president and CEO of the Girl Scouts of America
�33
and more recently president of the Peter Drucker Foundation,
addressed a group of nonprofit leaders in Michigan not long ago.
Mrs. Hesselbein asked us to reexamine our mission -- our reason for
being in business, if you please. She asked us to ask ourselves
three main questions: "What is our business?" "Who are our
c-
-
customers?" "Who provides our support?" This same exercise can
appropriately be beneficial for higher education today. Mrs.
Hesselbein also reminded us that "we must work on slouqhinq off
yesterday's accomplishments for tomorrow's challenges." This
-
statement becomes particularly intriguing as we review the critical
Roints of higher education's history. Without question, today is
-r-
another critical point in the history of our institutions of higher
education . Unless we slough off yesterday's accomplishments and
accept tomorrow's challenges, our institutions and our country will
falter. Surely there are no short-term answers. Any idea put into
place today cannot be fully measured except in the passage of time.
I challenge you now
as leaders in higher education to so act that
50
'=r
.
years from now, astute observers will note that you were the cadre
-e
�34
that influenced the evolution of higher education , reset its trajectory,
dramatically responding to the challenges of your era.
May you as educational leaders respond, as did Chancellor Hill a
century ago, with the bg,ldness that our time demands. I wish you
Godspeed .
c:\data\doc\miscrgm\hillect.doc
-
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�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
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Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
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application/pdf
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eng
Type
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Text
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JCPA-01
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1938-2012
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Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
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JCPA-01_1995-10-30_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, The Challenge for Outreach for Land-Grant Universities as They Move into the 21st Century
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 30, 1995 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Georgia Center for Continuing Education.
Contributor
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Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
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Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Education
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eng
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
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1995-10-30
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application/pdf
Type
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Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/321c54bd42e5850c3254eac35ed5a88e.pdf
cf2b71cff3d891e12cae962dc59e7638
PDF Text
Text
"THE GREATEST OPPORTUNITY"
Remarks by
Dr. Russell G. Mawby, President, W. K. Kellogg Foundation
at the
Inauguration of Dr. Hugh O. LaBounty, Jr.
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Pomona, California
October 31, 1978
I
It's great to be with you at Cal Poly-Pomona today.
Ruth and
I thank you for inviting us to be here for the University's 40th
Anniversary.
And it's a special privilege for me to be par-
ticipating in the inauguration of President LaBounty.
Since 1965 when I joined the staff of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation, it has been my pleasure to visit this campus often.
In
those visits, in addition to corning to feel very much at horne
here, I've become well acquainted with Chancellor DQmke and others
of the California State University and Colleges System; and
with many students, faculty, staff, and friends of Cal Poly.
I have come to know many of you as valued colleagues and good
friends.
To all of you, our thanks for your warm hospitality
always, and our gratitude for being a part of this very
special occasion.
�2
II
Anniversaries are important occasions, providing an opportunity to celebrate--to reflect on things past and to look ahead.
Cal Poly's
~
Oth birthday--40 years--just a brief interlude
in the recorded history of man, but more than half a lifetime
for an individual.
Four decades--two generations.
For some
of us, 1938 seems only yesterday; to students, 1938 is ancient
history.
For Cal Poly-Pomona, 1938 was the beginning.
The United
States was still struggling through the Great Depression.
From
the vantage point of today, historians would note that 1938 was
near the end of the depression decade, a worldwide economic
debacle which ended only with the onset of World War II, but the
end certainly was not in sight in T938 for those who lived through
those troubled days.
Things were rough; times were tough.
Economic
downturns which we describe today as recession are abundantly
prosperous in comparison.
In the light of that discouraged setting, what remarkable vision,
sheer courage, rare commitment was reflected in the actions of those
who launched here a satellite of our parent Cal Poly at San Luis
Obispo.
We're eternally indebted to that creative educator and
our founding President, Julian McPhee and his colleagues; to
the Voorhis Family who provided the original campus; to the
legislature, the faculty, the staff, to all who made possible
the beginning.
They saw a need, designed a plan, and began--
�3
though the circumstances were most difficult and the future was
uncertain.
Some few here today were here then--you lived through,
were a part of, those initial steps.
On this anniversary it
is important that we remember--and we salute once again those
who made it happen.
They built wisely and well; we are the
continuing beneficiaries of their vision and efforts.
A decade later in the late 1940s, the W. K. Kellogg Arabian
Horse Ranch here in the Pomona Valley became a part of Cal Poly.
W. K. Kellogg had established the Kellogg Company in 1906
and in 1920 began coming to California for the winter months.
He developed an interest in Arabian horses and in the mid-1920s
acquired 800-plus acres of land and began building his lovely
ranch estate--the big house on the hill, the smaller house for
family members, the gardens and ponds, the stables and pastures,
the orchards--and the development of the Arabian herd, assembling
select animals from the United States and imports from abroad,
especially from Lady Wentworth's Crabbet Park Stud in England.
The Sunday shows, which became a tradition in Southern California,
were started soon thereafter.
Mr. Kellogg loved the ranch, not only because of its beauty
and because it was the perfect home for his Arabians, but also
becasue it was "home" for a number of years for his son Karl and
family, and daughter Beth and her family.
A number of his grand-
children spent their early years here on the ranch.
It's a
special pleasure to have members of the Kellogg Family here today.
�4
As a part of the colorful heritage, many famous guests
visited the ranch:
Colonel Lindberg, Madam Schumann-Heink,
Clara Bow, Gary Cooper, Laura LaPlant , Olivia DeHaviland,
Douglas Fairbanks, Mary Pickford, Wallace Berry, Marlene
Dietrich, the Our Gang kids, Will Rogers.
Rudolph Valentino
used the great horse, Jadaan, in several movies and Tom Mix
rode Kellogg Arabians in several Tournament of Roses parades.
In 1932 , the ranch and the horses were given to the University
of California, Davis, for their research and demonstration programs in agriculture.
Mr. Kellogg reserved only 50 acres and
the residences for his personal use, including certain relationships with the horses.
When World War I I carne along, he asked the University of
California that the ranch be returneo to him so that it could
be used by the United States in the war effort.
Thus, during
the war the Army used the ranch and horses as a cavalry remount
station and as a training center for dogs of the K-9 Corps.
After the war, the Army had no further use for the ranch and
transferred it to the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
The USDA,
deciding that it had no use for the ranch and inadequate budgets
to maintain the program here, declared the ranch surplus in 1948
and turned it over to the General Services Administration for
disposal.
With the help of many people, including local leaders in
Pomona, in this County and in the State of California, and lovers
�5
of Arabian horses, and helped by the intervention of members of
Congress, Mr.
Kellogg succeeded in having the ranch returned to
the Foundation with the understanding that it would be used for
the benefit of the people of California.
Many alternative uses for the property were considered.
In
1949, the ranch was deeded to the State of California "to be
used for occupational training consistent with the philosophy
and objectives of California State Polytechnic College."
Thus
began this campus.
While Mr. Kellogg loved this ranch and his horses, his greatest
concern was for people.
Nothing would please him more than that
his beloved ranch is now the campus of this fine University.
Anniversaries are not an occasion just for reflecting back
on our beginning.
They represent also an occasion to look ahead.
How appropriate that in this anniversary year Cal Poly-Pomona
has been vigorously engaged in Project 88--A Plan For the Next
Decade.
I compliment President LaBounty and his predecessor,
President Kramer, for their foresight in establishing the Project 88
Commission.
And I commend all of you who have been involved--
as members of the Commission which included students, faculty,
staff, and interested representatives from the community, and
those who served on the advisory committee and the rainbow committees which were a part of the Commission process.
I have read the Project 88 document thoroughly.
It wisely
begins with a statement of philosophy and then details general goals,
�6
student-related goals, faculty and staff goals, resources and
facilities goals, and community service-public relations goals.
It is an enlightened, foresighted, thoughtful, progressive
yet realistic plan for the next ten years.
I'll not comment on the many specific recommendations which
are a part of this important document.
But I would emphasize
this one statement from the general goals :
"Cal Poly-Pomona
is dedicated to the concept of career oriented education in all
disciplines.
This concept is applicable to every field of study
at the University.
A primary objective is to provide each
student with a combination of intellectual awareness and skills which
will allow him or her to advance in a chosen career.
Students come
here knowing that not only will they be educated in the professions,
I
arts, and sciences of their choice, but they will be shown how to
.-
apply educational experiences in future employment.
Cal Poly-
Pomona's uniqueness as a career-oriented university will be
reinforced in the coming decade.
11
This distinctive philosophy of higher education has earned for
the two Cal Polys an international reputation.
Your alumni have
distinguished themselves, your students are eagerly sought by
prospective employers, and young people continue to seek admission.
I applaud your recommitment to that which you do so well . .
On this 40th Anniversary, while we celebrate the past and
salute the future, we should remember the admonition of
�7
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�8
The theme for my remarks this morning, "The Greatest
Opportunity," comes from a letter written in 1935 by W. K. Kellogg.
Mr. Kellogg, a successful businessman, was an equally practical
and pragmatic philanthropist.
He was deeply concerned for the
well-being of people, with a particular compassion for children
and youth.
In 1935, when he made the irrevocable transfer of his
fortune to the Foundation, he wrote a brief letter in which he
concluded, "I am glad that the educational approach has been
emphasized.
Relief, raiment, and shelter are necessary for
destitute children, but the greatest good for the greatest
number can corne only through the education of the child, the
parent, the teacher, the family physician, the dentist, and the
community in general.
Education offers the greatest opportunity
for really improving one generation over another."
That statement is as true today as it was four decades ago.
Despite all the criticisms and all the questioning, education
is still basic to--offers the greatest opportunity for--human
progress.
And from the standpoint of the individual, education
is still the way to a better life.
Education--related to but
not synonymous with courses and credits and degrees and
credentials; but education--the inquisitive mind; the mastery
of knowledge and skills; a pattern of identifying, assembling,
analyzing, thinking, planning, and doing.
While we focus in this ceremony today very appropriately on
the office of the presidency, we realize that no significant human
�9
endeavor is the responsibility or accomplishment of one person
alone.
Others inevitably share in various and appropriate ways.
For Cal Poly-Pomona the challenge of tomorrow is certainly a
multiple undertaking--the Board of Trustees, the Chancellor and
staff of the California System; here at Pomona, the faculty,
the staff, students, alumni and friends; and the community at
large.
The concerted efforts of all will be required if Cal
Poly is to be adequate to the challenges of the days ahead.
Having said all of that--recognizing that no human undertaking
of real worth can be accomplished by one alone--we turn to our
new president.
For a recognition of interdependence detracts
not at all from the office of the president and the need for
leadership.
Just as all human endeavors require multiple efforts,
they also require leaders.
This is true in families, in com-
munity organizations, in student groups, in academic units, in
all of our human institutions--social and political and economic.
Cal Poly-Pomona is fortunate in having as its new President,
Hugh O. LaBounty, Jr.
this office.
Dr. LaBounty has rare qualifications for
He has an impressive academic background, has dis-
tinguished himself as a teacher and as an educational administrator,
and has been creative and imaginative, responsive and responsible
in every phase of his professional career.
Cal Poly-Pomona has
been the central theme of his professional career and has entwined
his personal life.
growth and quality.
He has contributed immeasurably to Cal Poly's
His wife Gwen, whom we have come to admire
and love, shares his commitment and enthusiasm.
�10
Dr. LaBounty, Cal Poly-Pomona has benefited from strong
leadership.
We are delighted that you share the philosophy,
the commitment, the enthusiasm of those who have preceded you
in the presidency.
E . H. Chapin said , "Not armies, not nations,
have advanced the race; but here and there in the course of
ages, an individual has stood up and cast his shadow .... "
We are confident that your presidency will thus touch this
fine university.
The difficulties in the years ahead will be great, but
surely no greater than those with which others have successfully
dealt through the p ast four decades.
With the energetic support
of all those who share your commitments to Cal Poly's future,
we know you will succeed.
We wish you Godspeed.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
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Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
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application/pdf
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eng
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JCPA-01
Coverage
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1938-2012
Text
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
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JCPA-01_1978-10-31_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, The Greatest Opportunity
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 31, 1978 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the inauguration of Dr. Hugh O. LaBounty at California State Polytechnic University.
Contributor
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Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Education
Language
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eng
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
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1978-10-31
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application/pdf
Type
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Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/86e1f2f8ad11faedbf8bc8b848b8f912.pdf
a48effaf04182665a1d292a8b2755133
PDF Text
Text
NOTES FROM RGM'S PRESENTATION TO ROTARY CLUB OF BATTLE CREEK AT STOUFFER
BATTLE CREEK HOTEL - lOSe~G~~TIONS FOR BATTLE CREEK ROTARY SPEECH
A
True to the vision of what Mr. Kellogg wanted his Foundation to do.
A
Have kept Mr. Kellogg "alive" with his picture and writings.
A
Moving headquarters downtown.
A
Remaining in Battle Creek.
A
KYIP
A
Excellence in Education.
A
Math/Science Center
A
KNFP
A
Hiring of a diverse work force.
A
Development of youth employment opportunities in Battle Creek.
A
CCHMS.
A
Encouragement of WKKF staff to become involved in their community.
A
Support of Neighborhoods, Inc.
A
Have not imposed on the community.
A
Expert-In-Residence Program.
A
Recruiting bright, talented individuals to the community.
A
Matching Grant Program.
A
Total grantmaking in Battle Creek: $127,199,793.
A
Focus local grantmaking on Calhoun County and the region.
A
Assistance with Battle Creek Community Foundation.
A
Over 70% of the work done on building the new headquarters was from
"local" contractors.
A
Effort related to Underground Railroad.
A
Hiring nationals of the countries in which we do programming to
staff those offices.
A
Programming in southern Africa.
A
Recruited a Board of Trustees of "Civic statespeople" with
Midwestern values.
A
Waldemar Nielsen's description of WKKF.
A
T.R.
A
Founding of CMF.
A
Founding of MNF.
'69
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
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JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
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JCPA-01_1994-10-31_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Rotary Club of Battle Creek
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 31, 1994 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation to the Rotary Club of Battle Creek.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1994-10-31
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/8d4be6cc1e9acc2f84198e96b2d16a45.pdf
949e7d8a36f827a753c95fe1eb9014c4
PDF Text
Text
A
I
I
I
I
"UNFINISHED BUSINESS"
OCTOBER 4, 1988
DR. RUSSELL G. MAWBY
CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
W. K. KELLOGG FOUNDATION
I
INTRODUCTION
A)
IT IS A PLEASURE INDEED TO SPEAK TO THE CLOSING
SESSION OF THE "DEMONSTRATING EXCELLENCE IN
HEALTH PROMOTION" CONFERENCE.
AND IN KEEPING
WITH THE CONFERENCE'S SUBTITLE, I WILL INDEED
ISSUE "A CHALLENGE TO THE AMERICAN CAMPUS."
B)
IT IS PARTICULARLY PLEASING TO ME TO SPEAK AT THE
HOME OF THE "HEALTHY U" PROJECT.
I AM NOT AN
OBJECTIVE EVALUATOR, FOR THE KELLOGG FOUNDATION
IS THE MAJOR FUNDER OF THE HEALTHY U; BUT IN MY
PARTISAN WAY, I WILL ASSERT THAT HEALTHY U IS A
MODEL PROGRAM FOR UNIVERSITY-WIDE HEALTHY
PROMOTION -- A NATIONAL LEADER.
C)
THE NATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS PROJECT LIES IN
ITS "GRASSROOTS" APPROACH.
IT IS COMPREHENSIVE,
AND SEEKS TO INVOLVE THE UNIVERSITY IN ITS
TOTALITY.
�2
D)
THE GOAL IS TO INSTILL IN EVERYONE AT THE
UNIVERSITY -- FACULTY, STAFF, BUT ESPECIALLY THE
STUDENTS -- PATTERNS FOR HEALTHY LIVING THAT WILL
LAST FOR A LIFETIME.
TEACHING OF HEALTHY LIVING
IS INCORPORATED IN THE GENERAL STUDIES
CURRICULUM, AND THE DIRECTION OF HEALTH
PROFESSIONS EDUCATION IS ALSO BEING CHANGED.
E)
THE ADVENT OF HEALTHY U -- AND SIMILAR PROGRAMS
AROUND THE NATION -- IS TIMELY AND ESSENTIAL.
BUT MORE NEEDS TO BE DONE, HENCE THE "UNFINISHED
BUSINESS" OF MY TITLE.
II
THE IMPEDIMENTS
A)
PROFESSIONAL PROBLEM -- THE PATTERN OF MEDICAL
EDUCATION IS TO IDENTIFY A PROBLEM AND TO
PRESCRIBE A SOLUTION.
THIS IS A REDUCTIONIST
RATHER THAN A HOLISTIC APPROACH -- THE
PROFESSIONAL HAS THE SPECIALIZED KNOWLEDGE, AND
THE LAY PERSON IS DEPENDENT.
IN THIS APPROACH,
THE IDEA OF TEACHING PEOPLE TO CARE FOR
THEMSELVES IS LOST, AND THE NOTION THAT THE
HEALTH PROFESSIONAL IS A RESOURCE TO THE
INDIVIDUAL IN MAINTAINING HIS OR HER OWN HEALTH
IS NOT EVEN EXPLORED.
�3
B)
REIMBURSEMENT PROBLEM -- THE AGE-OLD DIFFICULTY,
OF COURSE, IS THAT INSURERS WILL NOT PAY FOR A
SMOKING PREVENTION PROGRAM BECAUSE THEY CANNOT
MEASURE ITS EFFECTS WITH PRECISION, BUT THEY WILL
PAY FOR AN OPERATION TO REMOVE A CANCEROUS LUNG
BECAUSE THAT ACTION CAN BE MEASURED.
THIS
PROBLEM IS NOW BEING EXACERBATED BECAUSE THE
MOMENTUM IN REIMBURSEMENT IS TOWARD FINDING SOME
WAY TO COVER THE UN INSURED.
THIS MEANS THAT
REIMBURSEMENT FOR MOST HEALTH PROMOTION
ACTIVITIES IS, ALAS, PROBABLY FAR OFF.
III ENCOURAGING SIGNS
A)
YET THERE ARE SEVERAL REASONS TO FEEL
ENCOURAGED.
WE HAVE LEARNED OVER THE PAST FEW
YEARS THAT MANY TH INGS THAT CAN PROMOTE HEALTH
AND/OR PREVENT DISEASE ARE UNDER THE CONTROL OF
THE INDIVIDUAL -- THEY DO NOT REQUIRE
INTERVENTION BY MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS.
IN OTHER
WORDS, WELLNESS CAN TO SOME EXTENT BE ACHIEVED BY
PERSONAL DECISIONS AND BEHAVIOR.
BRIEFLY, THESE
ARE: :
I)
NUTRITION --
(FOR EXAMPLE, HIGH-FIBER
DIET CAN REDUCE RISK OF
COLON CANCER)
�4
II)
EXERCISE--
(FOR EXAMPLE EXERCISE
PROGRAMS CAN REDUCE THE RISK
OF HEART ATTACKS)
III)
ENVIRONMENT - - (FOR EXAMPLE, AVOIDING
PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO THE
SUN REDUCES RISK OF SKIN
CANCER)
IV)
ALCOHOL AND
TOBACCO --
(FOR EXAMPLE, ABSTAINING
FROM DRINKING AND SMOKING
REDUCES THE RISK OF SUCH
DISEASES AS CIRRHOSIS OF THE
LIVER, LUNG CANCER, AND
HEART DISEASE,)
V)
ATTITUDE --
(FOR EXAMPLE, WE KNOW THAT
THE SEVERITY OF ILLNESS AND
THE SPEED OF RECOVERY CAN BE
MARKEDLY AFFECTED BY THE
PATIENT'S STATE OF MIND)
VI)
ACCIDENTS --
(FOR EXAMPLE, WEARING SEAT
BELTS GREATLY REDUCES THE
RISK OF SEVERE INJURY DURING
AN AUTOMOBILE ACCIDENT,)
�5
B)
ALTHOUGH IT IS BASED ON IMPRESSIONISTIC EVIDENCE,
I THINK IT IS SAFE TO SAY THAT THERE IS GROWING
MOMENTUM AWAY FROM PRACTICE BASED ON THE
TREATMENT OF ACUTE DISEASE TOWARD HEALTH
PROMOTION AND DISEASE PREVENTION.
I THINK YOU
WILL AGREE THAT THIS CONFERENCE WOULD NOT HAVE
HAPPENED TEN YEARS AGO -- OR EVEN FIVE.
IV NEEDS
A)
BUT THERE IS STILL UNFINISHED BUSINESS, NAMELY,
THE CRITICAL NEED TO REFOCUS OUR PRIORITIES FROM
SUPERB SPECIALIZATION TO A HOLISTIC APPROACH.
BY
HOLISTIC, I MEAN AN APPROACH WHICH DEALS NOT ONLY
WITH THE BODY, BUT ALSO WITH THE MIND AND
SPIRIT.
THIS WILL REQUIRE A COMPLETELY DIFFERENT
ORIENTATION.
B)
THE NEED IS NOT NEW -- 2400 YEARS AGO, THE GREEK
HISTORIAN HERODOTUS LAMENTED, uEACH PHYSICIAN
TREATETH ONE PART AND NOT MORE.
AND EVERYWHERE
IS FULL OF PHYSICIANS; FOR SOME PROFESS
THEMSELVES PHYSICIANS OF THE EYES, AND OTHERS OF
THE HEAD, OTHERS THE TEETH, AND OTHERS OF THE
PARTS ABOUT THE BELLY, AND OTHERS OF OBSCURE
SICKNESSES. u
�6
C)
HERODOTUS WAS CORRECT IN HIS VIEW THAT A
DISCONTINUITY OF CARE CAN RESULT FROM THE TREND
TOWARD OVERSPECIALIZATION.
WE NEED SPECIALISTS,
OF COURSE, BUT THE INDIVIDUAL MUST BE ABLE TO
DECIDE WHICH SPECIALIST IS WARRANTED.
THERE CAN
BE NO GREAT MYSTERY AS TO HOW TO CORRECT THIS
PROBLEM, FOR THE UNIVERSITIES ARE THE TRAINERS OF
ALL OF OUR HEALTH PROFESSIONALS.
THERE IS A REAL
NEED TO REVAMP UNIVERSITY- BASED EDUCATION IN
HEALTH IN ORDER TO DO TWO THINGS:
I) INFUSE AN APPRECIATION FOR, AND AN
UNDERSTANDING OF, HEALTH PROMOTION AND
DISEASE PREVENTION INTO THE TRAINING OF
EVERY HEALTH PROFESSIONAL.
THIS WILL
REQUIRE THE INCLUSION OF THE BEHAVIORAL
SCIENCES, AN UNDERSTANDING OF CULTURAL
BELIEF SYSTEMS, AND PRINCIPLES OF
COUNSELING AND COMMUNICATIONS SKILLS WITHIN
THE CURRICULUM.
II) TRAIN EVERY HEALTH PROFESSIONAL TO
COOPERATE WITH EVERY OTHER HEALTH
PROFESSIONAL IN A COOPERATIVE PRACTICE OF
MEDICINE.
�7
D)
BECAUSE OF THE SCOPE OF KNOWLEDGE NEEDED FOR
HOLISTIC HEALTH, IT WILL BE NECESSARY TO BUILD A
DIVERSIFIED HEALTH TEAM, IN ORDER TO REACH PEOPLE
IN THEIR HOME, WORK, AND LEISURE-TIME ACTIVITIES.
E) IN PRACTICE, THIS WOULD MEAN AN INTERDISCIPLINARY
TEAM OF HEALTH PROFESSIONALS, INCLUDING FAMILY
PHYSICIANS, BEHAVIORAL SCIENTISTS, NURSE
PRACTITIONERS, A PEDIATRICIAN, AN OBSTETRICIANGYNECOLOGIST, A DENTIST, A NURSE-MIDWIFE, AND A
NUTRITIONIST.
THE KEY TO SUCCESS HERE LIES IN
POOLING THE VARYING FIELDS OF EXPERTISE
REPRESENTED BY THESE PROFESSIONS IN ORDER TO
DEVISE HEALTH PROMOTION AND DISEASE PREVENTION
STRATEGIES TO MEET THE NEEDS OF PEOPLE.
F) IN ORDER FOR SUCH A TEAM TO BE ASSEMBLED AND TO
FUNCTION IN THE REAL WORLD, IT WILL BE NECESSARY
FOR INSURANCE COMPANIES AND HMO's TO DEVISE
CREATIVE NEW PATTERNS OF COMPENSATION THAT
REIMBURSE POSITIVE ACTIONS TO PROMOTE HEALTHY
LIFESTYLES.
V WHAT IS AT STAKE?
A)
A CENTURY IN WHICH THE NEED FOR MEDICAL CARE CAN
BE MINIMAL.
IT CAN BE A TIME WHEN DEATH FROM
�8
INFECTIOUS DISEASES, HEART DISEASES, CANCERS, AND
STROKES RARELY OCCURS.
PEOPLE WILL LIVE A FULL
SPAN OF LIFE -- PROBABLY TO WELL PAST 80 YEARS -THEY WILL BE PHYSICALLY ACTIVE AND MENTALLY ALERT
UNTIL A BRIEF PERIOD OF ILLNESS IMMEDIATELY
BEFORE THEIR DEATH.
B)
HARDLY.
IS THIS VISION A PIPE DREAM?
THE ESTIMATED ANNUAL EXCESS MORTALITY
FROM CIGARETTE SMOK ING EXCEEDS 350,000 PREMATURE
DEATHS -- ALMOST AS MANY LIVES AS WE LOST DURING
ALL OF WORLD WAR II.
THE TOTAL HEALTH CARE BILL
FOR THIS IS PUSHING $20 BILLION.
C)
ALTHOUGH SMOKING IS OUR LARGEST PREVENTABLE
HEALTH PROBLEM, IT HAS PLENTY OF COMPANY.
AMONG
THEM ARE:
I)
II)
III)
IV)
V)
D)
OBESITY
HEART DISEASE
ACCIDENTS
ALCOHOLISM AND TOBACCO
DRUG ABUSE
AN ALL-OUT EFFORT TO PREVENT THE ONSET OF THESE
PREVENTABLE CONDITIONS WOULD SAVE ABOUT A MILLION
LIVES AND MORE THAN $40 BILLION ANNUALLY.
STAKES COULD BE HIGHER THAN THIS?
WHAT
�9
E) "THE DOCTOR OF THE FUTURE WILL GIVE NO MEDICINE,
BUT WILL INTEREST HIS PATIENTS IN THE CARE OF THE
HUMAN FRAME, IN DIET AND IN THE CAUSE AND
PREVENTION OF DISEASE."
F) I WISH I HAD SAID THAT BUT ACTUALLY IT WAS THOMAS
ALVA EDISON.
WHEN HE SAID IT MORE THAT 60 YEARS
AGO, IT WAS VISIONARY.
Now
IT IS WITHIN OUR
GRASP, IF YOU ARE ABLE TO FULFILL YOUR MISSION TO
CHANGE IN YOUR RESPECTIVE INSTITUTIONS.
IN THIS
CRITICALLY IMPORTANT TASK, I WISH YOU GODSPEED.
0943N
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
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Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
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application/pdf
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eng
Type
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Text
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JCPA-01
Coverage
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1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
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Identifier
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JCPA-01_1988-10-04_RMawby_SPE
Title
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Russell Mawby speech, Unfinished Business
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 4, 1988 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Deomstrating Excellence in Health Promotion conference.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Health
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1988-10-04
Format
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application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/5290fed5efdcd8ef06ce5423ae51d81b.pdf
bc7f1b2edaa4a27ea620a2e1a0d044b2
PDF Text
Text
"BOLDNESS FOR OUR TIME"
by
Russell G. Mawby
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Presented as the D. W. Brooks Lecture
University of Georgia
Athens, GA
Oc tober 5, 1987
p~~
I t is an honor indeed to be with you today to present the D. W. Brooks Lecture
for 1987.
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I am proud to join in this ann
this distinguished
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Georgian agriculturalist whose career as educator, businessman, innovator, and
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visionary leader has enriched the lives of so many. J'I am grateful to those
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who have afforded me this special privilege and
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American agriculture is 1n a state of crisis.
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Everywhere we look in farming,
in agribusiness, and in rural communities, we see evidence of wrenching change
and the stresses which these changes have precipitated.
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failures and foreclosures, of restructuring and refinance, and of the
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reordering of established patterns of operation and production
nation these changes are very uneven.
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Some farms are prospering, even as
never before; more are deeply troubled.
the country, by commodity group, and by
operation.
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There are variations by regions of
of farm
Similar changes are taking place throughout the infrastructure of
agriculture -- in farm supply; in farm equipment; in the credit system; and 1n
marketing, processing, and distribution.
Everywhere we see evidence that
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�have the opportunity to influence both the people and the processes by which
agriculture progresses.
While agriculture will inevitably change,
universities have the rich and awesome opportunity to shape those changes.
The role of these intitutions in this time of crisis is of paramount
importance.
The dictionary defines crisis as an unstable or crucial time or
state of affairs whose outcome will make a decisive difference for better or
worse.
Crisis, viewed creatively, is opportunity.
Moments of crisis demand
action, and at such times, people more readily accept daring or novel
solutions to vexing problems.
Leaders must be opportunistic in capitalizing
on the moment to accomplish significant goals.
Quite candidly, while dramatic and sweeping changes are overrunning American
agriculture at the moment, I am perplexed that so little change seems to be
occurring in our agricultural colleges.
There seems to be a sameness In the
structure and routine; a complacency, even an isolation from the trauma; ~
little sense of urgency; a "business as usual" approach.
The position often
expressed is that only with new funding can new tasks be undertaken or things
be done differently.
If change is expected, more resources will have to be
provided.
But quite frankly, unless you know something different, I do not see major new
funding for agriculture from either federal or state sources.
Instead, it
seems that colleges of agriculture will not be immune from funding constraints
and will have to do more with less, requiring creative new approaches and
restructuring such as is going on elsewhere in agriculture.
3
�The fact is that dramatic changes will occur in the next decade ln the
patterns of agricultural teaching, research, and Extension.
My thesis is that
we in agriculture should be aggressively orchestrating those changes, for
unless we do so we will simply be managers of change mandated from elsewhere.
It is in that context that I share these thoughts today.
My observations are
general, based on an overview gained from contact and experience across the
country.
I am not sure that I am talking about Georgia and your College of
Agricul ture
but neither am I certain that I am no t . .
II
To anticipate the future, we must understand the past.
the beneficiaries of those who have preceded us.
We in agriculture are
The successes of our
industry reflect the efforts of pioneers in each generation, individuals of
remarkable vision, energy, and boldness who identified specific concerns and
addressed them creatively and effectively.
The man whom we salute today, D. W. Brooks ; is such an individual.
As just
one example, his innovative leadership in the cooperative movement made a
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significant contribution which to a degree altered the course of history.
In an earlier age, a similar ploneer was Seaman A. Knapp, whose great-great
grandson now serves as President of this great University.
4
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thoughm
any r
e
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
sh
ad b
e
en m
a
d
et
oe
x
p
e
r
im
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
,t
op
r
a
c
t
i
c
a
l
know
l
edg
e
, and s
e
r
v
i
c
et
oth
es
t
a
t
e
. T
h
e f~
s
e ral
t
oth
e
ers ~ ere inp
l
a
c
eo
ri
nl
i
v
e
l
yemb
ryo
: h
i
g
h
e
re
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
na
sa
s
t
a
t
e
v
i
t
a
lf
~ co ~
c
o
~soc
e
;
th
es
t
a
t
ea
sa p
rop
e
r~ e
c
ind
ep
end
en
to
f chu
r
ch
and p
r
i
v
a
t
ei
n
t
e
r
e
s
t
;th
eu
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
ya
s ac
rowno
r ap
exo
f th
ewho
l
es
t
a
t
e
sy
s
t
emo
fp
u
b
l
i
ce
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
; op
en a
c
c
e
s
st
oa
l
lc
ap
ab
l
eo
fb
e
n
e
f
i
t
, no
t th
e
e
l
i
t
ea
l
o
n
e
; and a cu
r
r
i
cu
lumf
o
rp
r
a
c
t
i
c
a
la
n
dp
r
o
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
l
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sw
e
l
l a
s
c
l
a
s
s
i
c
a
l
,s
u
b
j
e
c
t
s
.
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r
s
t
a
t
ea
n
dt
h
i
su
n
i
v
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r
s
i
t
y
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np
a
r
t
i
c
u
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r
, bu
t th
e
Am
e
r
i
c
an p
eop
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r
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r
e th
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f
i
c
i
a
r
i
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so
f th
ef
o
r
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s
i
g
h
t
,cou
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ag
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,
and bo
ldn
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s
so
ft
h
i
sm
an -Ab
r
ah
am B
a
ldw
in -w
h
o
s
e e
f
f
o
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t
stw
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n
t
u
r
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sago
s
e
ta p
a
t
t
e
r
nwh
i
ch s
t
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l
lp
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e
v
a
i
l
s
.
Int
h
i
n
k
i
n
go
fp
i
o
n
e
e
r
s who
s
e e
f
f
o
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t
sh
av
ec
o
n
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d toth
ee
n
v
i
a
b
l
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p
r
o
g
r
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s
so
fa
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
e
, th
el
i
s
twou
ld b
ev
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r
t
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a
l
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ye
n
d
l
e
s
s-i
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n
o
v
a
t
i
v
e
f
a
rm
e
r
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a
t
i
v
er
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s
e
a
r
c
h
e
r
s
,v
en
tu
r
e
som
ee
n
t
r
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p
r
e
n
e
u
r
s
, cou
r
ag
eou
s
a
dm
i
n
i
s
t
r
a
t
o
r
s
, and d
e
d
i
c
a
t
e
dt
e
a
c
h
e
r
so
nc
am
p
u
sa
n
do
f
f
. Con
c
e
rn
ed w
i
th th
e
f
u
t
u
r
e
,con
s
ciou
so
f th
ep
a
s
t
,u
n
d
e
t
e
r
r
e
db
y th
em
om
e
n
t
, th
eyc
h
a
r
t
e
dn
ew
c
o
u
r
s
e
s
. Abov
ea
l
l
, th
eyd
emon
s
t
r
a
t
ed a bo
ldn
e
s
sa
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
et
ot
h
e
i
rt
im
e
.
I
I
I
Incomm
en
t
ing b
r
i
e
f
l
yon th
ee
v
o
l
u
t
i
o
no
fou
rl
a
n
d
g
r
a
n
tu
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
i
e
sa
n
d
t
h
e
i
rc
o
l
l
e
g
e
so
fa
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
e
, Iw
i
l
l no
tp
rov
id
e ad
e
t
a
i
l
e
dh
i
s
t
o
r
ybu
t
r
a
t
h
e
rw
i
l
lm
ak
e af
ew o
b
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n
s
.
6
�A.
It is useful to begin our review of the evolutionary process by
reminding ourselves of the language ln the Act which was signed into law
by President Lincoln on July 2, 1862.
Each state which accepted the
benefits of this first land-grant act was obligated to provide:
"At
least one college where the leading object shall be, without excluding
other scientific and classical studies and including military tactics,
to teach such branches of learning as are related to agriculture and the
mechanical arts ... in order to promote the liberal and practical
education of the industrial classes in the several pursuits and
professions in life ... "
B.
While each of the land-grant universities started as modest, simple
institutions, they have now become complex universities of major stature
and high quality .
c.
In earlier days, agriculture and engineering were dominant, with almost
"exclusive rights" to the resources of the university.
Both developed
programs of teaching, research, and public service/outreach/Extension.
The priorities for the university tended to be teaching, then research,
then Extension.
Now, agriculture is only a modest part of the total university.
In
general, the priorities of the university have shifted to put research
first, then teaching, and then Extension -- with public service and
outreach activities concentrated in agriculture and selected other
segments of the university, not characteristic of the university at
large.
7
�Thus, most land-grant universities today are losing the distinctiveness
-==-:2
-
of the balance or blend of teaching, research, and Extension which
epitomizes the land-grant tradition.
D.
As land-grant universities have grown in scale and in complexity,
colleges of agriculture have tended to become encapsulated
intellectually.
To too large an extent, faculty in agriculture have
-
developed an insular mentality, living apart from rather than engaging
in the mainstream of the intellectual life of the institution.
E.
Whereas in earlier days, those in positions of leadership in colleges of
agriculture took a broad and encompassing stance, the role assumed by
agricultural leaders in the land-grant universities has become
progressively more narrow.
To illustrate, at the turn of the century, deans of agriculture and
their associates became concerned with broad issues affecting the
quality of life of farm families and rural communities.
Thus, they were
responsible for the creation of departments of rural education, within
the college of agriculture, to address the inadequacies of the one-room
school; they created departments of rural sociology, to deal with
problems of the broader community; they created departments of home
economics, to address the quality of the home and family living
circumstances on the farm; they created boys' and girls' club work (now
4-H) to relate formal education to farm living and as a technique to
inject innovations.
8
�Now
, th
eemph
a
s
i
si
nc
o
l
l
e
g
e
so
fa
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
ei
su
p
o
na
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
ep
e
rs
e
,
wi
t
ha h
e
avy p
rodu
c
t
iono
r
i
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
na
n
ds
e
cond
a
ryemph
a
s
i
s upon
m
an
ag
em
en
t and m
a
rk
e
t
ing
.
Con
c
e
rn f
o
rth
eb
ro
ad
e
ri
s
s
u
e
so
ff
a
rml
i
v
i
n
g
and r
u
r
a
lcommun
i
ty l
i
f
e
,h
a
sb
e
en e
i
t
h
e
rs
h
i
f
t
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de
l
s
ewh
e
r
ew
i
t
h
i
nt
h
e
u
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
,o
r ab
andon
ed
.
Inth
ec
o
l
l
e
g
e
so
fag
ricu
ltu
re
,t
h
i
sh
a
sr
e
s
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l
t
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dinsup
e
rb
sp
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ci
a
li
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t
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t wi
t
hd
i
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r
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es
p
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l
a
t
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r
g
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ri
s
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u
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so
f ch
ang
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o
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/
e
c
o
n
om
i
c
/
p
o
l
i
t
i
c
a
l
c
i
r
cum
s
t
an
c
e
sa
thom
eand ab
ro
ad
.
IV
Int
u
r
n
i
n
gnowt
oth
ef
u
t
u
r
e
, th
ed
r
am
a
t
i
cc
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r
cum
s
t
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c
e
so
f tod
aywou
ld
sugg
e
s
td
e
ep and sw
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ep
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ang
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si
nou
ru
n
i
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s
i
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e
sa
n
dc
o
l
l
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g
e
s
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om
at
c
h
tho
s
eb
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e
r
i
en
c
ede
l
s
ewh
e
r
el
na
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
ea
n
ds
o
c
i
e
t
y
. Isugg
e
s
tt
h
a
t
th
et
im
eis o
v
e
rdu
ef
o
rth
ea
g
r
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li
n
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l
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t
u
a
le
s
t
a
b
l
i
shm
en
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a
g
a
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nb
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i
o
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s
, mov
ing fo
rw
a
rd w
i
th v
i
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o
l
d
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s
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n
da
v
en
tu
r
e
som
es
p
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r
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h
a
r
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c
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rn
si
nt
h
i
sr
e
g
a
r
d
, Ih
av
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my t
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p
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c
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p
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r
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and a
n
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c
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t
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r
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. To you
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r
e
d
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h
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ts
e
em
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e
s
sth
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n
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g
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s
t b
e ex
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ry
. T
ot
h
a
tend
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um
b
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ro
fs
p
e
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t
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sc
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et
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k
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n
,i
n
c
l
u
d
i
n
gth
efo
l
low
ingex
amp
l
e
s
:
1
.
I
n
i
t
i
a
t
ea s
y
s
t
em
a
t
i
cp
rog
r
am o
for
.....
e~o
f
o
rn
ewf
a
c
u
l
t
yi
nyou
r
c
o
l
l
e
g
eo
fa
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
ea
n
df
o
rth
et
o
t
a
lu
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
. (
Iund
e
r
s
t
and
}o....()&
'
\
-1
"
'
;
'e
.
-J
l~
you h
av
e su
cha p
rog
r
am Ino
p
e
r
a
t
I
o
n
.
) Ev
e
ry n
ewf
a
c
u
l
t
ym
em
b
e
r
:
f
shou
ldl
e
a
r
nabou
t th
el
a
n
d
g
r
a
n
tt
r
a
d
i
t
i
o
na
n
db
e
c
om
e aw
a
r
eo
f th
e
b
r
e
a
d
t
ho
f th
eu
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
'
sp
rog
r
am
si
nt
e
a
c
h
i
n
g
,r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
,a
n
d
Ex
t
en
s
ion -v
i
s
i
ta coun
tye
x
t
e
n
s
i
o
no
f
f
i
c
e
,v
i
s
i
t th
em
a
in
exp
e
r
im
en
ts
t
a
t
i
o
nand a r
e
g
i
o
n
a
ls
u
b
s
t
a
t
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o
n
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e
ew
h
a
t th
e
u
n
i
v
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r
s
i
t
y ISdo
ing t
oa
d
d
r
e
s
sh
um
a
ncon
c
e
rn
si
nr
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r
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lcommun
i
t
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e
s
,
coun
tys
e
a
t
s
,and c
e
n
t
e
rc
i
t
i
e
s
.
2
.
Und
e
r
t
ak
ef
o
ryou
rc
o
l
l
e
g
ea s
y
s
t
em
a
t
i
cp
rog
r
am o
fd
ev
e
lopm
en
tf
o
r
d
ep
a
r
tm
en
t ch
a
i
rm
en
,w
h
op
l
a
ysu
cha c
r
i
t
i
c
a
lr
o
l
ei
nth
el
i
f
eo
f
,
,
-
th
ei
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
. My c
o
n
t
a
c
t
sw
i
th d
ep
a
r
tm
en
t ch
a
i
rm
en i
n
a
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
ewou
ld l
e
adm
e t
ob
e
l
i
e
v
et
h
a
tm
a
n
yd
o no
t fU
l
l
y
und
e
r
s
t
and o
rh
av
e ad
e
ep comm
i
tm
en
tt
oth
el
a
n
d
g
r
a
n
tn
o
t
i
o
n
.
10
�3.
Build an expectation in your college that every faculty member will
have a responsibility to teach, create new knowledge, and relate
their discipline to the needs of people in your state.
They should
be encouraged in every possible way to undertake interdisciplinary,
interdepartmental, inter-college activities.
4. Reinforce this expectation in the reward system of promotion,
tenure, and compensation .
B.
c9
Boldness in elevating the stature of agriculture within the universi ty
through conscious efforts by those in agriculture.
The modern land-grant university is a complex, sophisticated,
multifaceted institution.
As other units of the university have
flourished, agriculture has been bypassed In relative scope and scale
within the university.
Because of special funding arrangements, with
funds directed to research and Extension, agriculture often finds itself
in a defensive stance within the university.
Often within the college of agriculture itself, a unifying sense of
purpose seems to be lacking.
Whether one studies the organizational
chart or the course offerings, or analyzes a variety and scope of
departmental activities, there IS little evidence of a collective sense
of mission around the theme of "agriculture."
11
�Fo
rv
a
r
i
o
u
sr
e
a
s
o
n
s
,f
a
c
u
l
t
i
e
so
fa
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
ei
nm
a
n
yi
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
sh
av
e
d
ev
e
lop
ed an i
n
s
u
l
a
rm
e
n
t
a
l
i
t
y
, i
s
o
l
a
t
i
n
gth
em
s
e
lv
e
stoa s
i
g
n
i
f
i
c
a
n
t
e
x
t
e
n
tf
romth
el
a
r
g
e
ru
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
yo
fwh
i
ch th
eya
r
ea p
a
r
t
.
A
l
l
o
ft
h
e
s
esugg
e
s
tp
o
s
s
i
b
l
e cou
r
s
e
so
fa
c
t
i
o
n
.
1
.
Th
ea
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
a
lf
a
c
u
l
t
ym
u
s
t r
e
c
r
u
i
tb
r
i
g
h
t young p
r
o
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
l
s
,
equ
a
li
nq
u
a
l
i
t
yand v
i
s
i
o
nt
otho
s
ee
l
s
ewh
e
r
ei
nth
eu
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
.
2
.
Th
em
ISS
Ion o
f th
ec
o
l
l
e
g
emu
s
t b
ec
o
n
t
i
n
u
a
l
l
yupd
a
t
ed a
n
d
commun
i
c
a
t
ed tho
rough
lyw
i
t
h
i
n th
eu
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
ya
n
db
eyond
.
3
.
Tho
s
ei
nag
ricu
ltu
re mu
s
t b
e
c
om
em
o
r
ea
c
t
i
v
ei
nth
ei
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
a
l
a
f
f
a
i
r
so
f th
eu
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
.
4
.
Wh
en p
e
r
son
si
np
o
s
i
t
i
o
n
so
fa
u
t
h
o
r
i
t
yw
i
t
h
i
n th
eu
n
i
v
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r
s
i
t
yd
o no
t
h
av
e a know
l
edg
eo
fa
g
r
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c
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l
t
u
r
e
, th
ec
o
l
l
e
g
eo
fa
g
r
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l
t
u
r
eshou
ld
a
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sum
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p
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yf
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rt
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ren
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igh
t
enm
en
t
.
5
.
S
t
u
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t
s and f
a
c
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yi
na
g
r
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ldb
e en
cou
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ag
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a
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w
i
th d
i
s
c
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p
l
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s th
roughou
tth
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n
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v
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r
s
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,c
o
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t
r
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b
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g toa
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d
b
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n
e
f
i
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gf
romth
er
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n
e
s
so
f th
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s
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n
.
c
.
Bo
ldn
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s
si
nr
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r
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cu
lumi
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et
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s
.
12
a
e~
�Throughout the country there is much talk about curricular reform in
agriculture.
The committees, speeches, workshops, and exhortations seem
endless, but the consequences are generally insignificant.
While
national initiatives may be useful, change can be wrought only at the
institutional level.
updating is meager.
And evidence of faculty commitment to curricular
Combining Poultry Science 101 with Dairy Science
101 with Animal Husbandry 101 to create Animal Science 101 falls short
of true curricular reform.
I
personally know of only two colleges of agriculture that have
undertaken comprehensive curricular revision.
At one of these, a
Curriculum Task Force of the college of agriculture conducted a two-day
faculty retre at to launch their curriculum revision process.
As a
result, the agricultural faculty adopted the following mISSIon
-
statement:
"Contemporary agricultural curriculum must provide enhanced
learning opportunities in leadership, communication, problem
identification and solution, teamwork skills, interdisciplinary
approaches, nutritional issues, environmental awareness, soc iet al
values, and international perspe ctives, as well as strengthen and focus
the disciplines and basic sciences.
The curricula will be flexible but
with quality assurance, reflect the missions of the college, enable
students to educate themselves, and prepare students for life-long
learning."
13
�That is an ambitious undertaking.
The process will be tedious and is
only just begun, so that the results are not yet evident.
But the
exercise has been started; I wish that were the case on more campuses.
As an undergraduate major in horticulture many years ago, the best
counseling advice I received came In an unexpected conversation with my
department chairman.
Toward the end of my sophomore year, one day as I
was pass ing h is office, he called me in.
was simply thi s:
The net of our convers at ion
"Russ, I have followed your progress as a s tuden t wi th
interest and I have just one suggestion.
If you end up being a
professional horticulturist, you will need to complete a master's and
probably a doctor's degree.
We will make you a specialist then.
During
the balance of your undergraduate years, I urge you to sample the
intellectual cafeteri a of this great university.
Take as few courses in
this departmen t as we will let you get by with; take as f ew courses in
the college of agriculture as we will permit.
And then explore various
fields of study of this university - - wherever your interests take
you."
You will have to admit that that is unusual advice to be given by a
department chairman to an agricultural major.
But it was the wisest
advice I ever received.
One of the many consequences of curricular reform in agriculture should
be the broader exposure of agricultural students to the larger
university.
Both they and the university, and ultimately agriculture,
will be beneficiaries.
14
�D.
(q)
Boldness in rethinking the priorities and patterns of agricultural
research.
The historic record of agricultural research is awesome.
The return on
society's investments in research are of staggering proportions.
In his
proclamation celebrating the Hatch Act Centennial, President Reagan
states, "It is no exaggeration to say that the wealth of technical
knowledge developed at these (agricultural experiment) stations has
enabled America's farmers to revolutionize the practice of agriculture
and bettered life for millions of people the world over."
We must be concerned, however, with the continuing erosion of public
support for such research activities.
My uneasiness is based upon not
only the absolute consequences of declining support, but a concern also
for the basis of such decisions.
The erosion seems to be a consequence
of not only the urgency of other issues, but a lack of full appreciation
for the benefits to society of agriculture research investments, an
unclear perception of further realistic needs, and a lack of confidence
in the ability of the agricultural research structure to adapt,
reallocate, and realign.
Both the patterns and the priorities of agricultural research are a
consequence of many elements -- the structures and relationships of
federal and state entities, the specialization of disciplines,
15
�departmental turfism, and a maze of funding sources, both public and
private.
The consequence is a myriad of entities and procedures which
critics would describe as inefficient, unrationalized, duplicative,
poorly focused.
Some would say that any deficiencies In agricultural research could be
corrected by more adequate funding.
While increased financial sourc es
co uld provide a partial answer, dollars alone would not be enough .
Moreover, the prospect for massive infusion of additional funds from any
source seems unrealistic.
Thus, we must be committed to doing better
with that which is available to us.
This requires rethinking,
realignment, and reallocation.
Among the considerations in t h i s process should be the following:
1. The problems of agriculture are increasingly complex and most
significant concerns require the expertise and energy of more than
one discipline, profession, or administrative unit.
We must be far
more creative and venturesome in developing co al itions and alliances
to deal effectively with the issues buffeting farming, ag r i bus i ne s s ,
and rural communities.
2. The distinctive land-grant commitment to carrying on research to
meet agriculture's needs must prevail.
Results of so-called basic
research from all relevant disciplines, wherever conducted, should
16
�be mobilized to serve the applied purposes of farming and
agribusiness.
While agricultural researchers should appropriately
be conducting elements of basic research, they must resist the
temptation of retreating to the sanctuary of the campus and its
laboratories.
With a growing concentration on biotechnology,
efforts to insulate researchers from the real ities of the everyday
world seem a growing threat.
3.
Increased emphasis must be placed on the development of new uses for
the products of American farming.
Linkages must be forged with
business and industry, consumer groups, biochemists, engineers, and
entrepreneurs who can conceive needs for surplus agricUltural
commodities far beyond traditional uses.
4. Concentrated efforts should be given to the development of new areas
for agricultural entrepreneurship.
The New Farm and Forest
Products Task Force of the U.S. Department of Agriculture concluded
that, "America now has an overconcentration of agricUltura l
production in a relatively few major food and feed crops - - crops
for which worldwide production is increasing and global import
markets are shrinking ... Significant opportunit ies exist for new farm
and forest products to meet real market needs, partiCUlarly in
industrial, non-food application areas."
17
�5.
Somewhere and somehow, increased attention must be given to the
"people problems" of agriculture.
Farm families and the individuals
who comprise them, rural communities and their institutions are
experiencing the dramatic, often devastating, consequences of
change.
Their needs deserve the attention of university resources.
The question of balance in the allocation of research funds to various
priorities must be continually addressed.
At a recent meeting of the
Joint Council on Food and Agricultural Sciences, of which I am a member,
some statistical information which aggregated the allocation of research
funds from all sources across the country was presented.
While the data
are understandably imprecise, the aggregate picture indicated that
perhaps as much as 25 times the funds were allocated for plant science
research alone as for all research dealing with farm finance, credit,
management, and policy issues.
While details of allocation could be
argued, the apparent imbalance in relation to the current crisis must be
questioned.
In a Commentary essay in the Third Quarter 1987 issue of Choices,
Vernon W. Ruttan of the University of Minnesota suggests that
responsible research must go beyond the creation of new technology.
In
his words, "Agronomists and other agricultural scientists, along with
engineers and health scientists, have been the true revolutionaries of
the twentieth century.
But they are reluctant revolutionaries!
They
have wanted to revolutionize technology but have preferred to neglect
the revolutionary impact of technology on society."
18
He goes on to state
�that "There can be no question about society's right to hold the science
community responsible for the consequences of the technical and
institutional changes set in motion by research."
He suggests that,
while "it is ln society's interest to let the burdens of responsibility
rest lightly on the shoulders of individual researchers and research
managers"
..... nonetheless, "research managers have a clear
responsibility to inform the society of the impact of economic policy on
(1) the choice of mechanical, chemical, and biological technologies by
farmers; (2) the incidence of technical change on the distribution of
income among laborers, landowners, and consumers; (3) the structure of
farming in rural communities; and (4) the health and safety of producers
and consumers."
The entire research structure of agriculture will inevitably be
sUbjected to increased scrutiny.
A continuing failure to address more
effectively significant issues such as those mentioned above engenders
the prospect of ever greater intrusion in the administration of research
programs and even more categorical funding for special interest
research.
E.
LV
Boldness in launching new initiatives in continuing education,
augmenting agriculture's traditional commitment to lifespan learning.
Agricultural education, encompassing vocational agriculture at the
secondary level, postsecondary degree options, and programs ln
Cooperative Extension, provides the largest and most complete
19
�illustration of lifespan learning in the world.
is to keep it so.
Your unending challenge
While you can take great satisfaction in
accomplishments to date, I find surprising inconsistencies.
For
example, the land-grant universities have not been at the forefront In
the development of external degrees.
agriculture.
This seems particularly true in
Many agricultural students drop out of college during the
course of their undergraduate career, or never begin a degree program of
study before ent ering the family farm enterprise or otherwise moving
into agribusiness.
Your college of agriculture is probably the only
college in this university which has faculty members resident in every
county of the state .
Yet, typically, and in fact with only one or two
exceptions to my knowledge, colleges of agriculture have done nothing In
the creation of external degree programs to enable practitioners to
complete the requirements for baccalaureate or advanced degrees.
Similarly, colleges of agriculture seem reluctant to move forward with
the concept of experiential learning, in which academic credit is
awarded for demons tra ted compe tence and performance.
With the tradition
of "learning by doing" and application of research knowledge In
practical situations, it seems natural for agriculture to be a catalyst,
rather than a spectator, in this exciting new development in continuing
education.
Further, In agriculture there is lacking a systematic and comprehensive
approach to the continuing professional education of agricultural
professionals.
Where this has become institutionalized in other
professions, it is spasmodic and random in the field of agriculture .
20
�Thus, while agriculture is in one sense the pioneer in lifelong learning
and has been a pacesetter, it now seems to be lagging behind the times
as exciting new developments occur in continuing education.
The Cooperative Extension Service is a major component of the
university's commitment to lifelong education.
The record of Extension
in serving farm and rural needs is exemplary, not only in serving the
needs of agriculture but those of families, young people, and rural
communities as well.
<Limited examples of similar success in serving
urban clientele can be cited.)
Critics, however, would argue that
changing demographics, technology, and societal concerns make the
Extension System obsolete.
Such criticisms are usually based upon a
very narrow definition of the Extension mission, confined primarily to
production agriculture.
The Extension story is in general a record of remarkable serVlce and
success, not only in agriculture but in areas of family living,
community, and rural development, and youth programming as well.
Best
known of all is the 4-H Club program, a uniquely effective educational
program for youth and another remarkable contribution of our colleges of
agriculture.
With the current national concern for America's youth, I
marvel -- and am dismayed -- that our land-grant universities have not
responded in a comprehensive way, based on their historic and
demonstrated effectiveness in serving youth's needs.
21
�Nationwide, universities must rigorously review and update the mission
statement, structure, and techniques of their Extension Services.
In
doing so, careful thought should be given to identification of specific
client groups and the appropriate educational methodology to best serve
their needs.
For example, one clear purpose of the Extension Service
to serve as a technology transfer agent to commercial farms.
1S
By some
definitions, there are only 250,000 to 300,000 commercial farm operators
in the United States currently.
Such farmers do not generally look to
their county extension office for technical information, but rather go
directly to specialists at the land-grant university or in commerce.
Since most commercial farm operations already are making extensive use
of computer technology, direct computer communications should be
considered in serving the information needs of such a select audience.
Quite different educational technology will be more appropriate in
serving the needs of small-scale operations and for medium-sized
enterprises, most of which have part-time operators with more off-farm
than on-farm income.
Beyond that, each university must determine where the Extension Service
fits into the comprehensive outreach/public service mission of the
institution.
The -time has come when matters of breadth of program
scope, access to university-wide knowledge resources, organizational
structure and linkages, and financial support base must be addressed
comprehensively.
If the mission of Extension is to be broadly
conceived, as many would argue, utilizing knowledge resources from
22
�th
roughou
tth
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p
l
i
e
ro
f th
ewo
r
ld
,
e
x
p
o
r
t
i
n
gn
e
a
r
l
yo
n
e
t
h
i
r
do
fi
t
sp
rodu
c
ed c
r
o
p
s
. A
t th
es
am
et
im
e
,
i
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
ld
i
s
p
u
t
e
s
, th
ec
o
s
ta
n
da
v
a
i
l
a
b
i
l
i
t
yo
fen
e
rgy
,a
n
dg
row
ing
23
�con
c
e
rn
sf
o
rad
equ
a
t
en
u
t
r
i
t
i
o
na
n
dp
r
o
t
e
c
t
i
o
no
f th
eenv
i
ronm
en
th
av
e
g
r
e
a
t
l
ya
l
t
e
r
e
ddom
e
s
t
i
c foodp
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
o
n. Th
e
r
ei
sa c
u
r
r
e
n
tn
e
ed f
o
r
c
o
n
s
i
s
t
e
n
tand w
e
l
l
c
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
e
dp
o
l
i
c
i
e
st
os
e
r
v
ea
s th
eb
a
s
i
sf
o
r
d
ev
e
lopm
en
to
f th
eU
.S
. foodsy
s
t
em
.
,
Fo
r a hund
r
ed y
e
a
r
sf
a
rm
e
r
sh
ad th
ei
n
i
t
i
a
t
i
v
ei
nd
e
t
e
rm
in
ing
a
g
r
i
cU
l
t
u
r
a
lp
o
l
i
c
y
. Tod
ay tho
s
ew
h
ow
a
n
t t
oi
n
f
l
u
e
n
c
ed
e
c
i
s
i
o
nm
ak
ing
and d
e
f
i
n
e th
ep
o
l
i
c
yag
end
ai
na
g
r
i
cU
l
t
u
r
em
u
s
t j
o
i
nw
i
th non
f
a
rm
s
e
c
t
o
r
so
f th
ee
conomy
. I
ti
sapp
a
r
en
tt
h
a
tth
es
cop
eo
ft
r
a
d
i
t
i
o
n
a
l
~~....:-o -~ ....
f
a
rmp
o
l
i
c
yh
a
s exp
and
ed
. Con
c
e
rn
sf
o
rn
a
t
i
o
n
a
ls
e
c
u
r
i
tY
'
l
,
th
e
env
i
ronm
ent
,con
sum
e
ri
n
t
e
r
e
s
t
s
,a
n
de
conom
i
ca
n
dr
e
s
i
d
e
n
t
i
a
l
d
ev
e
lopmen
t nowi
n
f
l
u
e
n
c
eth
ed
i
r
e
c
t
i
o
no
f Am
e
r
i
c
an a
g
r
i
cU
l
t
u
r
e
. In
o
r
d
e
rt
h
a
t in
fo
rm
edand p
rud
en
td
e
c
i
s
ion
sc
anb
em
a
d
er
e
g
a
r
d
i
n
gfood
p
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
o
n and u
s
e
,a
l
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
v
ecou
r
s
e
so
fa
c
t
i
o
nm
u
s
tb
e f
o
rm
u
l
a
t
e
d
,
a
s
s
e
s
s
e
d
, and commun
i
c
a
t
ed f
o
rth
ec
o
n
s
i
d
e
r
a
t
i
o
no
fp
o
l
i
c
ym
ak
e
r
s i
n
bo
th th
ep
u
b
l
i
c and p
r
i
v
a
t
es
e
c
t
o
r
s
.
U
n
fo
rtuna
te
ly
, wh
i
l
e th
ep
r
o
c
e
s
so
fp
o
l
i
c
ys
e
t
t
i
n
gina
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
eha
s
b
e
com
e mo
r
e tumu
l
tuou
sand th
ei
s
s
u
e
s
.m
o
r
eu
r
g
e
n
t
, th
ee
nga
gem
en
to
f
c
o
l
l
e
g
e
so
f agricu
lt
u
r
ei
nt
h
i
sa
r
e
ao
f~
1
c con
c
e
rns
e
em
s toh
av
e
l
e
s
s
e
n
e
d
. Ac
u
r
s
o
r
yr
ev
i
ewo
fr
e
s
e
a
r
c
hbudg
e
t
sa
n
dp
rog
r
am a
c
t
i
v
i
t
i
e
s
s
u
g
g
e
s
t
sa d
im
in
i
sh
ing comm
i
tm
en
t top
o
l
i
c
yp
rob
l
em
s
,p
rob
ab
ly a
con
s
equ
en
c
eo
fp
r
e
s
s
i
n
ga
l
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
v
e
s
. B
u
t Am
e
r
i
cn s
o
c
i
e
t
yd
e
s
p
e
r
a
t
e
l
y
n
e
ed
s an o
b
j
e
c
t
i
v
e
, comp
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
,a
n
dc
r
e
d
i
b
l
eapp
ro
a
ch t
oi
s
s
u
e
s
d
e
a
l
i
n
gw
i
t
ha
g
r
i
cU
l
t
u
r
e
, food
, th
eenv
i
ronm
en
t
. L
and
-g
r
an
t
24
�i
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
sshou
lda
s
sum
ea l
e
a
d
e
r
s
h
i
p
,bu
t no
tp
r
o
p
r
i
e
t
a
r
y
,r
o
l
ei
n
th
ea
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
a
lp
o
l
i
c
ya
r
e
n
a
.
~ O do sowill requireacommitment by leadershipbothwithin the
c
o
l
l
e
g
e
sand w
i
t
h
i
n th
eu
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
i
e
so
fwh
i
ch th
eya
r
ea p
a
r
t
.
I
n
t
e
l
l
e
c
t
u
a
lr
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
sf
rom th
roughou
tth
eu
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
ymu
s
t b
e mob
i
l
i
z
ed
-e
conom
i
c
s
,p
o
l
i
t
i
c
a
ls
c
i
e
n
c
e
, th
en
a
t
u
r
a
ls
c
i
e
n
c
e
s
, th
es
o
c
i
a
l
s
c
i
e
n
c
e
s
,m
ed
i
c
in
e and o
t
h
e
rh
e
a
l
t
hf
i
e
l
d
s
,th
eh
um
a
n
i
t
i
e
s
. E
v
e
na
p
r
e
l
im
i
n
a
r
yl
i
s
t
i
n
go
fu
rg
en
ti
s
s
u
e
si
ss
t
a
g
g
e
r
i
n
g
: h
um
a
nn
u
t
r
i
t
i
o
na
n
d
foodcon
sump
t
ion
;l
aw
sand r
e
g
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
sa
f
f
e
c
t
i
n
ga
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
e
;e
conom
i
c
o
r
g
a
n
i
z
a
t
i
o
nand p
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
v
i
t
y
;t
r
a
d
ea
n
di
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
lr
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
;
n
a
t
u
r
a
lr
e
s
o
u
r
c
em
an
ag
em
en
t
; t
o
x
i
c
o
l
o
g
ya
n
d env
i
ronm
en
t
a
lp
r
o
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
;
en
e
rgy
;t
r
a
n
s
p
o
r
t
a
t
i
o
n
,s
t
o
r
a
g
e
,a
n
dp
r
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
; th
es
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
eo
ff
a
rm
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
;t
e
chno
logyand b
i
o
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
;l
a
b
o
ra
n
dm
anpow
e
r
;
a
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
a
lc
r
e
d
i
tand f
i
n
a
n
c
e
;a
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
a
lr
e
s
e
a
r
c
ha
n
de
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
;
and r
o
l
e
so
fgov
e
rnm
en
t an
d th
ep
r
i
v
a
t
es
e
c
t
o
r
. S
o
c
i
e
t
yn
e
ed
s th
e
o
b
j
e
c
t
i
v
ec
o
n
t
r
i
b
u
t
i
o
n
so
fi
t
sl
a
n
d
g
r
a
n
tu
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
i
e
si
nd
e
a
l
i
n
gw
i
t
h
~
i
s
s
u
e
s
.
A
t th
emom
en
t
, d
e
c
i
s
i
o
nm
ak
e
r
s s
e
ema
lmo
s
td
e
s
p
e
r
a
t
ei
nt
h
e
i
rs
e
a
r
c
hf
o
r
b
e
t
t
e
ran
sw
e
r
s
. L
and
-g
r
an
ti
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
sshou
ldb
el
a
y
i
n
gou
t
a
l
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
v
ec
o
u
r
s
e
so
fp
u
b
l
i
cp
o
l
i
c
yt
oa
ch
i
ev
ea
l
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
v
es
o
c
i
e
t
a
l
g
o
a
l
s
. I
f
,a
ss
e
em
st
ob
e th
ec
a
s
e
,t
h
e
r
ei
sg
r
e
a
tp
u
b
l
i
c comm
i
tm
en
tt
o
p
r
e
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
no
f th
e"
f
am
i
l
yf
a
rm
,
" (w
i
ths
om
er
e
a
s
o
n
a
b
l
ed
e
f
i
n
i
t
i
o
n
)
,
2
5
�policies to accomplish that objective should be presented, with careful
analysis.
Universities could better serve the public interest by
contributing actively to the policymaking process, rather than being
essentially observers and critics of that which is done.
An ultimate issue in public policy relating to agriculture deals with
the issue of domestic self-sufficiency in meeting the food needs of our
nation.
It may seem
folly t o raise such an issue i n a ti me of
abundance and surplus, but it is not inconceivable that the
infrastructure and capacity of
C?(,A/'tI
~
agricultural enterprise could become
so eroded over the next three to five decades that this nation might
find itself in the situation of the nations of northern Europe at the
end of the dec ade of the 1930s, l acking capacity to feed themselve s.
G.
Boldness in undertaking a comprehensive program of agricultural
literacy.
Most of the people in the United States know little or nothing about
agriculture and agribusiness.
After · all, the population of the United
States is 233 million; only three percen
of the population has been non-farm for over 30
Ninety percent
and fewer
people in the United States have had any direct experience or co
with farming and know nothing about the production of crops and
livestock, or the processing of foodstuffs and their movement to the
consumer.
Four-fifths of the population is not employed in the
agricultural processing and distribution enterprises or in businesses
which supply farming equipment or materials.
26
�~~ ~~ ~ t
,
.
.~ ~ ...A-A ~ ~
~~~~1- \
~r-o~
~1~~o...Q.~~
.
A
l
l
Of ~ S
~
s
u
g
g
e
s
t
sa c
h
a
l
l
e
n
g
ef
o
ra
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
et
og
e
n
e
r
a
t
ec
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
n
g
p
u
b
l
i
c und
e
r
s
t
and
ing o
f an
d suppo
r
tf
o
ra
l
lt
h
a
ti
sr
e
q
u
i
r
e
dt
oa
s
s
u
r
ea
r
e
l
i
a
b
l
e
,c
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
n
gsupp
lyo
fh
i
g
h
q
u
a
l
i
t
yfooda
tr
e
a
s
o
n
a
b
l
ep
r
i
c
e
s
.
Inth
es
h
o
r
tt
e
rm
,a
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
emu
s
t m
o
r
e im
a
g
i
n
a
t
i
v
e
l
ycommun
i
c
a
t
ew
i
th
d
e
c
i
s
i
o
nm
ak
e
r
s a
ta
l
ll
e
v
e
l
s
,i
nbo
th th
ep
u
b
l
i
ca
n
d th
ep
r
i
v
a
t
e
s
e
c
t
o
r
s
. I
fw
eo
p
e
r
a
t
e on th
er
e
a
s
o
n
a
b
l
ea
s
sump
t
ion t
h
a
td
e
c
i
s
i
o
n
m
ak
e
r
sm
ak
e th
er
i
g
h
td
e
c
i
s
i
o
n
sb
a
s
ed upon th
ef
a
c
t
sa
n
dc
i
r
cum
s
t
an
c
e
s
a
s th
eyund
e
r
s
t
and th
em
,ou
rr
e
s
p
o
n
s
i
b
i
l
i
t
yi
st
oen
su
r
et
h
a
t th
eyh
av
e
comp
l
e
t
e and v
a
l
i
di
n
f
o
rm
a
t
i
o
n
. Ih
av
eb
e
en imp
r
e
s
s
edw
i
th s
om
eo
fyou
r
i
n
n
o
v
a
t
i
v
ev
e
n
t
u
r
e
si
nt
h
i
sr
e
g
a
r
d
,i
n
c
l
u
d
i
n
gf
o
rex
amp
l
e
, CARET
, th
e
Coun
c
i
lf
o
rA
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
a
lR
e
s
e
a
r
ch
, Ex
t
en
s
ion a
n
dT
e
a
ch
ing. T
h
e
c
h
a
l
l
e
n
g
ei
st
odo mo
r
e an
db
e
t
t
e
ri
nsu
che
f
f
o
r
t
sa
ta
ll l
e
v
e
l
s
.
Inth
elong
e
rt
e
rm
, Isugg
e
s
tt
h
a
tc
o
l
l
e
g
e
so
fa
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
eshou
ld
e
s
t
a
b
l
i
s
ha
s ano
b
j
e
c
t
i
v
e th
ei
n
c
o
r
p
o
r
a
t
i
o
no
fa
n und
e
r
s
t
and
ing o
f th
e
foodsupp
lyand th
ew
i
s
em
an
ag
em
en
t o
fou
rn
a
t
u
r
a
lr
en
ew
ab
l
er
e
s
o
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r
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e
s
i
n
t
oth
efo
rm
a
le
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
no
fa
l
lAm
e
r
i
c
an
s
. Th
i
s shou
ldb
ea
c
comp
l
i
sh
ed
a
te
l
em
en
t
a
ry
s
e
cond
a
rys
choo
ll
e
v
e
l
sa
n
di
nh
i
g
h
e
re
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
,a
sw
e
l
l
a
s th
roughin
fo
rm
a
le
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
lm
e
an
s
.
A
sa s
imp
l
eexamp
l
eo
f
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ly i
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Am
e
r
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2
8
�interests of farming and agribusiness.
In terms of vital needs
perceived by the American public, colleges of agriculture would
generally be classified as irrelevant.
Recent surveys of issues of public concern sugges t a contemporary agenda
for society.
It is not surprising that a reliable food supply does not
appear on the list.
Some items, such as nuclear arms, are of import ance
t o a l l of us but ar e not centr al to the mission of the college of
agriculture.
Others, however, a r e deeply embedded in the disc iplines of
which agriculture is comprised.
Two come immediately to mind:
the
concept of health promotion/disease prevention, to both promote physical
well-being and control health care costs; and the public concern for
en vironmental quality.
As regards physical well-being, we all know that an adequate supply of
nutritious food is essential.
A concern for human nutrition should be
incorporated more comprehensively and imaginative ly into the affairs of
agriculture if publi c funding is to be sustained.
Further, nutrition as
a f ield of concentration has not been well developed or well ordered in
most universities.
Colleges of agriculture quite appropriately might be
the mobilizers of -comprehensive and coordinated efforts to promote human
nutrition.
As regards the environment, agriculture has a rich tradition of
demonstrated stewardship and accomplishment.
Unfortunately, In the
contemporary scene, agriculture is often perceived as a villain and is
29
�on the defensive.
Agriculture should move positively and aggressively
to the forefront in environmental issues, rather than resist the tide of
public sentiment.
In summary, to warrant the continuing and increased support of public
funding bodies, agricu lture must articulate clearly its role in serving
the contemporary concerns of the public.
Traditional support groups
will prove inadequ ate in the future.
I.
~
Boldness in assuming a leadership role in addressing the problems of
rural America, in preserving the vitality of the countryside.
While urban America has its articulate spokesmen and political cadre,
there is no cohesive voice of the people of the land and the small towns
that constitute a great portion of our population and the bulk of our
geography.
And even In the most rural of our states, land-grant
universities address rural issues and needs in sporadic and inadequate
ways.
One of the potentially devast ating consequences of t he current crunch In
agriculture is the" debilitating effect on rural communities.
The
erosion of both farm income and rural tax base will make it difficult,
perhaps impossible, for many rural areas to support the various elements
of what sociologists and economists call "infrastructure:"
schools,
hospitals, roads, human services, governmental operations, and all the
rest of the elements that contribute to the quality of life.
30
�Th
i
sf
a
c
ts
e
em
sl
o
s
ti
nth
ec
h
a
o
t
i
cs
c
r
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l
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fp
o
l
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t
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c
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la
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t
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v
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t
yn
ow
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s
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a
rml
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n
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svy
ing t
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r
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rp
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s
.
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r mo
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l
fc
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r
y
, th
eb
a
s
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t
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fAm
e
r
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c
an f
a
rm
p
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l
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yh
a
sb
e
en ch
e
apfood
. A
t t
h
i
sp
o
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rh
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t
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r
yw
en
e
ed a
p
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r
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a
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r
,mo
r
e comp
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r
e v
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r
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f Am
e
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an l
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ei
stob
ep
r
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s
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da
n
d nu
tu
r
ed
.
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o
, who sp
e
ak
sf
o
rr
u
r
a
lAm
e
r
i
c
a-a
n
d mob
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l
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s know
l
edg
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s
o
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r
c
e
sf
rom th
roughou
tth
eu
n
i
v
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r
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i
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yt
oadd
r
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s
sr
u
r
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li
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s
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n
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s
? Ihop
e you
r Co
l
l
eg
eo
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g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
e do
e
s
!
v
Ina
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r
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i
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ga
g
r
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l
t
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t
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fd
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li
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t
i
t
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o
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s
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r
. J
am
e
sT
.
Bonn
en o
fM
i
ch
ig
an S
t
a
t
eU
n
i
v
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r
s
i
t
y ob
s
e
rv
e
s "P
eop
l
e
, no
ts
c
i
e
n
c
e
,
u
.
s
. ag
r
i
c
u
l
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r
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.
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M
en and w
om
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na
c
t
i
n
g th
roughth
ei
n
s
t
i
t
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t
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ch th
ey
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r
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t
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lop
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c
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cknow
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ang
edh
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lu
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p
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r
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s
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ed o
l
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n
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t
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t
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o
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s
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dc
r
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a
t
e
dn
ewon
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sa
s th
eys
awth
en
e
ed -a
n
d
s
t
e
p
b
y
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t
e
pt
r
an
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fo
rm
edth
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c
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dw
e
l
f
a
r
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a
rm
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s
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ay
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g
r
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c
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l
t
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r
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nc
r
i
s
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s
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. T
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e wo
rd
so
fW
i
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i
am J
am
e
sa
r
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u
s
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u
l
: "G
r
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a
t em
e
rg
en
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i
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n
dc
r
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s
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ss
h
owu
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u
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r
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e
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r
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anw
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ad suppo
s
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.
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t v
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r
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.
31
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r
et
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a
k
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,
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h
a
tt
im
eis now
. Ac
r
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s
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sp
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sa c
r
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t
com
ew
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lm
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i
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e
r
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e
t
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ro
r wo
r
s
e
. N
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ed n
ow
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na
g
r
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l
t
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r
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r
el
e
a
d
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r
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i
th a v
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s
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o
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o
rth
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u
t
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d a comm
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tm
en
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o
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c
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th cou
r
ag
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rgy
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o
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o
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e i
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ad
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co
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r
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re
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g
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l
t
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r
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s
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ck And
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r
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em
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ro
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r
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s
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l
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t
o
rand f
a
rmsupp
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rk
, ob
s
e
rv
ed
, "A
t th
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r
son
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si
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a
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h
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e
en th
roughth
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l t
h
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s
tmon
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s
.
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av
er
edu
c
ed
,r
e
s
t
r
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c
t
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r
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d
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r
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r
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d
. A
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d boy
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r
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e fo
cu
s
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!
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tIStim
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o
rou
rl
a
n
d
g
r
a
n
tun
iv
e
r
s
i
t
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e
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h
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o
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l
e
g
e
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fag
ricu
ltu
re
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sa
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e
l
l
, i
nre
spon
s
et
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na
n
t
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c
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p
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t
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o
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ed
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am
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c ch
ang
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Identifier
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JCPA-01
Coverage
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1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
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JCPA-01_1987-10-05_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Boldness For Our Time
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 5, 1987 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the D. W. Brooks lecture at the University of Georgia.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Education
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1987-10-05
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/48289c5e9ba209118e9b8ee7436f293c.pdf
3336fad22bf8c788e01e2dd6375de61b
PDF Text
Text
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2,800 teenage girls who become pregnant, with about 2,300 of these
pregnancies being unintended.
Every day in America, 40 teenagers
give birth to their third child.
Young people under 21 account for
more than half the arrests for serious crimes, and the homicide and
suicide rates involving teens has increased dramatically in the past
quarter century.
Of the children entering first grade in September
of 1988, one of them out of every four is poor, one in five is at
risk of becoming a teen parent, one in six has no health insurance,
and one in two has a mother in the labor force.
3
Changing characteristics of youth require changes in our social
institutions in response to new and different social needs.
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A. K. Cook points out in a recent article on America's young people,
"The changes all point to a heightened need for youth-oriented
programs.
To provide for our children's future, it is essential
that we find the resources and personnel for such programs."
4
Changes in Family Structure
It is becoming the normal childhood experience in America for
children to not live with both of their natural parents.
In 1955,
60 percent of the households in the United States consisted of a
working father, a housewife mother, and two or more school age
children .
By 1980, that percentage was reduced to 11 percent, and
it was down to 7 percent by 1985.
�-4Of every 100 children born today, 12 will be born out of wedlock,
and 40 will be born to parents who will divorce before the child
reaches the age of 18.
Most Black children do not live with both
parents today -- 49 percent live with one parent and 8 percent live
with neither.
Thirty-three percent of Hispanic children live with
one parent.
The decades of the 1970s and 1980s have brought with them entirely
new family lifestyles.
In 1973 and 1974, for the first time in the
nation's history, the number of marriages terminated by divorce
exceeded the number terminated by death.
In the late 1970s,
however, a decline in the number of divorces was noted, as was a
decline in the divorce rate.
This may have been due to an entirely
new kind of lifestyle, and the influences it may have on youth have
yet to be measured.
The most popular lifestyle of the '80s is the
two-career marriage, with over half of the wives in the work force
by 1981, compared to two-fifths in 1972.
be two-thirds by 1990.
The figure is projected to
Second only to the rise in two-earner
marriages has been the rise in cohabitation.
Households of
unrelated individuals have increased at a spectacular rate in the
last decade.
doubled.
Since 1970 the number of cohabitating couples has
The increase was eight-fold among those under 25.
6
The effect these new family structures will have upon the young
people of our nation is as yet unknown, but the research thus far
certainly suggests that family, community, school, and other
�-5agencies of socialization are not working as they once were.
Too
many of our young are not making a successful transition to
productive adult life.
Youth are the key to this country's
development -- economically and socially.
Study after study
demonstrates that without family support, students do not succeed as
often academically and drop out of school more.
Further, the
evidence clearly shows that those who drop out more often are
unemployed, have higher delinquency and crime rates, and appear on
the welfare roles more often.
The problems, as monumental as they seem to be, must be addressed,
and the time seems ripe for solutions.
There are a number of
successful youth programs operating in the nation; education reform,
although slow and varied, is under way; business and industry are
exhibiting new interest in helping; interest in public service is
growing; and new partnerships, combining public and private
interests, are being formed.
Youth Program Research
An abundance of information has been compiled on youth programs
since the 1960s.
Some of the work describes successful and
unsuccessful community attempts of youth programming intervention
techniques.
Two of the nation's leading researchers in this regard
in 1985 studied communities in which coalitions had been formed to
�-6-
address the problems of youth.
7
Five pairs of "matched"
communities were studied, half of which had been successful in
operating youth programs, and half of which had been unsuccessful.
Findings indicated some interesting consistencies in those
communities which were successful.
Within the coalitions formed to
address the problems of youth, the collaborating members shared
leadership roles, a stability was present among individuals and
agencies, and a strong community service ethic existed among
coalition members.
Previously, a 1979 study of youth agency coalitions had also
concluded that "community coalitions are a cost-effective, efficient
way to increase and expand services to youth and to enhance the
capacity of a community as a whole to plan and program for young
people."
8
This research found the major benefits of coalitions to
be avoidance of duplication of services, the presence of more
resources, more visibility and the potential of more political clout
for youth advocacy, a more holistic approach to youth problems, and
an opportunity for more long-term planning.
Identified as three of
the chief reasons for failure or ineffective operation of the
coalitions were the lack of unity of members, the absence of
adequate resources, and the fact that members were not aware of the
important trends of the topic being discussed.
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Kellogg Youth Initiatives Program
In
, 198
, the Board of Trustees of the Foundation
recommitted the Foundation to the work of addressing the problems of
youth, and after continued study and deliberation by staff, the
Kellogg Youth Initiatives Program was born.
In keeping with the
basic elements established earlier in planning youth programming for
the 1980s, the staff noted the obvious lack of inter-agency
cooperation, the tendency of institutions and agencies to separate
the problems of youth and address them separately. and the necessity
for broad-based community involvement
Addressing those three
conditions, it was agreed. would be fundamental to the Kellogg Youth
Initiatives Program.
KYIP is a long-term commitment by WKKF to assist four targeted
Michigan communities in addressing the needs of youth.
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establishes a partnership between the Foundation and the four
communities which have also made a commitment of human and financial
resources.
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inner-city Detroit. rural Calhoun County in the southwestern part of
the state. and the remote counties of Marquette and Alger in
Michigan's Upper Peninsula.
�·
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Through KYIP, grants are made for projects designed and operated by
local organizations.
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educational programs, pre-school activities, recreation, youth
involvement with senior citizens, job training, nutrition education,
and programs for school dropouts.
Emphasis is on collaborative
efforts between youth-serving agencies.
Kellogg Youth Development Seminars
In order to insure both maximal community involvement and
inter-agency collaboration, the first activity planned within
KYIP -- and the only one actually operated by WKKF -- is a two-year
series of learning opportunities known as the Kellogg Youth
Development Seminars (KYDS).
These seminars provide a cross section
of community residents with information on current youth issues,
successful programs in the country, and how to design and implement
quality youth programs.
A Kellogg Foundation Associate Program Director is based in each of
the targeted communities to assist those areas in this unique
partnership with WKKF.
They coordinate the overall KYIP effort,
including the management of the seminars and the grantmaking related
to individual projects over the long term.
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exception of KYDS, are administered by local people, schools,
agencies, and organizations.
�-10Participants for KYDS were chosen after candidates personally
submitted formal applications or were nominated by an institution,
organization, or another individual.
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residence or involvement within the target communities; interest and
experience with youth and community projects; willingness to commit
time, work, or leadership skills; and demonstration of interest in
cooperative community efforts.
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parents, older teens, business people, youth agency volunteers,
teachers, school administrators, bankers, police officers, court
personnel, clergy, ministers, and health workers.
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together to help make the community a better place for young people
to develop into productive citizens.
The seminars go far beyond classroom lectures.
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hands-on experience in youth programming, visits to outstanding
programs, and meetings with volunteers and professionals who are
making significant contributions to youth programs in other
communities.
Dynamic and knowledgeable speakers and youth experts
conduct local seminars, discussing youth and community problems, and
examining answers that have been proven to work in the "real
world."
Skill building workshops help participants communicate more
effectively with young people, manage youth activities, and raise
funds for local projects -- whatever the need dictates.
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seminars give participants a better understanding of young people
and their needs; enhance the planning, implementation, and
assessment of youth programs; increase the capacity of participants
�-11
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�RESOURCES
1. Brown, Redford, Reconnecting Youth, Education Commission of the
States, Business Advisory Commission, Denver, Colorado, 1985.
2. Wetzel, James R., American Youth: A Statistical Report. Youth and
American's Future, Commission on Work, Family and Citizenship,
W. Grant Foundation, Washington, D.C., 1987.
3. Edelman, Marian W., "A Briefing Book on the Status of American
Children in 1988, "Children's Defense Fund, Washington, D.C.,
1988.
4.
Cook, A.K., "Our Children, Our Futures," Community Services,
Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, June 1988.
5.
Hodgkinson, Harold L., All One System, Institute for Educational
Leadership, Inc., Washington, D.C., 1985.
6. Arnold, Eugene L., Parents, Children and Change, R.C. Heath and
Co., Levington, Massachusetts, 1985.
7. Weatherly, R.A., Patchwork Programs: Comprehensive Services for
Pregnant and Parenting Adolescents, Center for Social Research,
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 1985.
8.
Croan, G.M. and Lees, J.F., Building Effective Coalitions: Some
Planning Considerations, Office of Juvenile Justice and
Delinquent Prevention, 1979.
13l0J
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
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JCPA-01
Coverage
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1938-2012
Text
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Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
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The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
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JCPA-01_1988-10-05_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, The Youth Initiatives Program
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 5, 1988 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the 3rd Annual Conference for Grantmakers for Children and Youth.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Youth
Language
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eng
Rights
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
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1988-10-05
Format
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application/pdf
Type
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Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/899cba62d539fed887aeaf24caef8a25.pdf
ec107b4977a907e68d8a8baf7b8ff0bf
PDF Text
Text
October 6, 1988
Clemson University
" Pub l i c Service and the Land -Grant Univ rsi t y "
Presentation at Clemson 's Centennial
I
Celebration Symposium
�-
-
�---The
thoughts
experience and
I
deep
will
share wi th you gr ow out
----
conviction.
First,
I
have
of personal
an
unbounded
appreciation for and admiration of our land-grant colleges and
universities.
Described as America's first distinctive contri-
bution to higher education, these institutions have been major
players
ln
shaping
America's
destiny.
They
represent
one
embodiment of the philosophy expressed often by W. K. Kellogg,
"Education offers the greatest opportunity for really improving
one generation over another."
President Van Hise of the
~
University of Wisconsin established the spirit of university public
A
service early in this century in his often-quoted comment that the
boundaries of Wisconsin's campus were the borders of the state.
4
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Second, I am a beneficiary of the land-grant philosophy.
grew up on a farm in Kent County, Michigan.
-- Keats
K.
Vining,
County
Agricultural
I
Our county agents
Agent,
and
Eleanor
Densmoore, Home Demonstration Agent -- enriched the life of the
Mawby family in many ways.
Largely through their influence,
I
became the fir st membe r of the Mawby f ami ly to earn a baccalaureate degree.
the
present,
From earliest days as a
both my personal
4-H club member to
life and my profess ional
life
have been intermingled with the land-grant world.
Third,
I have a particular admiration and appreciation for
you who are Extens ion profes s ionals .
Extension and my wife,
Ruth,
was
My early career was
in
a county home demonstration
agent.
While
some
academic
extension function of
land-grant university's
intellectuals
the
university,
would
this
teaching mission is
denigrate
dimension
in fact
of
the
the
the most
challenging, the most demanding, and the most rewarding form of
much tougher to teach a class of skeptical farmers or seasoned
homemakers
than to face
a classroom full of captive freshman
seeking credit in a required course.
difference you have made,
are making,
I
salute you -- for the
and will make,
li.ves of (,('\11ntless individuals, families, and communities.
in the
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reminding ourselves of the language in the act which was signed into law by
President Lincoln on July 2, 1862.
Each state which accepted the benefits of
this first land-grant act was obligated to provide:
"At least one college
where the leading object shall be, without excluding other scientific and
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Identifier
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JCPA-01
Coverage
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1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
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JCPA-01_1988-10-06_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Public Service and the Land-Grant University
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 6, 1988 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation during the presentation at Clemson's Centennial Celebration Symposium.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Education
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1988-10-06
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/5a4d321046be16988f430be8b0689a38.pdf
ebd1d75d4346da8286f397abd9c3c55d
PDF Text
Text
Notes from RGM's presentation,
"On the Move," for Battle Creek Area
Chamber of Commerce Eye Opener at
the Stou ffer Hotel, October 8, 1991
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September la, 1 9 91
Page 2
QUESTION 3.:
WHAT CIT Y I S THE HOME OF THE LARGEST MUNI CIPALLY OWNE D RE CREATION AREA I N THE STATE?
QUESTI ON 4.:
WHAT MI CHIGAN CITY IS THE HOME OF THE
WO RLD 'S SECOND LARGEST PRI VATE FOUNDAT I ON WHIC H
HAS MADE GRANTS IN EXCESS OF $84 MILLI ON TO ITS
HOME COUNTY?
QUEST ION 5:
WHAT MICHI GAN CITY I S THE THI RD LARGEST IN AREA ,
WI TH IN EX CESS OF 10 0, 0 0 0 PEOPLE RE SI DI NG IN THE
METROPOLITAN RE GION?
QUESTIO N 6:
WHAT MICHIGAN CITY CAN BOAST 2 5 GOLF COU RSES AND
50 TENN IS COURTS WI THI N A TEN-MI NUTE DRI VE?
IF YOU SAI D, BATTLE CREEK , MI CH I GAN, TO ALL OF THOSE QU ESTIONS ,
GIVE YOURS ELF THE RAN KING OF OUT SPOK EN COMMUNI TY SUPPORTER .
SAI D,
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SELF THE RANK
CREEK,
I F YOU
TO THREE OR F OUR OF THOSE QUESTI ONS , GI VE YOUR -
OF AVERAG E COMJ."WN I TY RESI DENT .
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I F YOU SAID
BATTLE
I I H AFRAID YOU MUST RA..N'K
YOURSE LF I N THE "TAKI NG BATTLE CREEK FOR GRANTED" CATEGORY .
BEFORE I SHARE WI TH YOU WHAT I TH INK IS BATTLE CREEK'S MOST 'TAKEN FOR GTU\NTED '
C RE E K
'V\H I CH WE
ASPECT , LET ' S REVIEW SOME OTHER TH INGS ABOUT BATTLE
DON 'T
OFTEN
HEAR .
SOME OF YOU l'Li\Y KNmv SOME
OF
THESE , AND SOHE OF YOU t-LZ\.Y NOT , SO YOU CAN KEEP TR.i\CK OF HOW YOU ARE
�E
y
eO
p
e
n
e
r
S
e
p
t
em
b
e
rl
a
,1991
P
a
g
e3
DO
ING AS SU
PPORTER
, AVERAGE RES
IDENT
, OR HEAD
IN
-THE
-SAND CATEGORY
.
'm
'LLHAVE A SHOW OF HANDS AT THE END
.
l
IDED THESE ITEMS INTO THR
EE D
IFFERENT CATEGOR
IES
.
I HAVE DIV
THE
F
IRST IS FUN TH
INGS WE DO
, THE SECONDIS BUS
INESS OPPORTUNIT
IE
S
, AND
THE TH
IRD IS QUAL
ITY OF L
IFE
.
LET
'S START'N
ITH THE FUN CATEGORY
SIN
CE SUMMER ISW
IND
ING DOWN AND WE
'VE JUST DONE ALL OF THESE TH
INGS
.
FUN TH
INGS WE DO
D
ID YOU KNOW THAT OUR INTE
RNAT
IONAL BALLOON CHAMP
IONSH
Ip IS ON
E
OF TEE TOP FEST
IVAL EVENTS IN THE M
IDVmST
?
'S EVEN IN
SOME SAY IT
THE TOP TEN FEST
IVAL EVENTS IN THE COUNTRY.
TH
IS YEAR
,
w
E FAR EX
-
CEEDED ONE M
ILL
ION V
ISIT
ORS AND MANY PEOPLE ARE SAY
ING IT
'
S THE BEST
BALLOON EVENT THAT BATTLE CREEK HAS EVER HOSTED
.
IT'SNOT MUCH OF A SECRET ANYMORE BECAUSE ITMADE HEADL
II
\
'ES HERE
AND ALL THE WAY TO
~~
C
,
BUT Tn
IS YEAR OUR CEREAL FEST
IVAL
I
.NK AS THE TRUE "CEREAL CAP
ITOL OF THE
KEPT
' BATTLE CREEKI S TOP RJ
W
ORLD
."
,000 PEO
PLE EAT BR
EAK
FA
ST DOWNTOWN ON THE M
ICH
IGAN
h
'E HAD 4S
M...c..LL
.
IONAL FEST
IVAL AND S
I
S
D
ID YOU KNOW THAT AS PART OF OURINTERNAT
TER C
ITY EXCHANGE TH
IS YEAR
, TEE C
ITY O
F BATTLE CREE
:
:<
: HQS
c
r
:
:
:
:
:D
~:
S
ISTER C
ITY V
IS
ITORS THAN ANY OTHER S
ISTER C
ITY
, OFl
.NY S
IZE
, :::
'
; TH
E
UN
ITED STATES
?
EACH YE.
'
.
.I
.R OUR IN
'
l
'ERNAT
IONAL FEST
IVAL
.:; ~
O
e
JR
;:'_ ~ ': . \
-
�Ey
eO
p
e
n
e
r
Se
p
t
em
b
e
r1
0
,1
9
9
1
P
ag
e4
'
;
'
l
I
NNING S
ISTER C
ITY EXCH
ANGE PR
OGRM
I GRQ1
i
iS B
IGGER AND BETTER AND
INVOLVES MO RE MEMBE RS OF OUR
SOMETH
ING ELSE
IdE
C
~~
I
.
TAKE FOR GRZ\.NTED IS OUR REG
IONALLY ACCLA
IM
ED
IDERED ONE OF THE BEST FAC
IL
IT
IES OF IT
S
ZOO
. B
INDER PARK ZOO IS CONS
S
IZE IN THE REG
ION
, AND HAS PLANS TO DOUBLE ITS EXH
IB
ITS
, THE
NUMBER
OF AN
IMALS
, AND THE SPACE THE ZOO OCCU
P
IES IN THE NEXT F
IVE YEARS.
D
ID YOU KNOW THAT
OUR
AW
ARD
-W
INN
ING L
INEAR PARK SYSTEM W
AS ONE
IRST OF IT
S TYPE IN THE M
l mvEST
, A
_NO THAT C
ITY STAFF HAVE
O
F THE F
ING ADVICE AND ASSIS
TANCE TO OTH
ER CO
t1
.
.MUN
IT
IES .Z
\
.ROUND THE
BEEN GIV
COUNTRY WHO ARE DEVELOPIN
G LIN
EAR PARK SYSTEMS MODELED ON OURS
?
D
ID YOU ALSO KNOW THAT BATTLE CREEK IS FAST BECOM
ING THE AMATEUR
ITOL OF M
ICH
IGAN
, 1<.070 HAS A V
IS
ION TO BEC02
1E THE A
J
.
'1ATEUR
SPORTS CAP
SPORTS CAP
ITOL OF THE UN
ITED STATES
?
OUR NEW C
. O
. BROWN STAD
IUM
,
WH
ICH ALL O
F YOU HELPED TO BU
ILD
, IS CONS
IDERED
TSUR BASEBALL FAC
IL
IT
IES IN THE COUNTRY
.
~
OF THE BEST
~~'
-
THE STAD
IUM CURRE
l
'
:TLY
IAL AMATEUR BASEBALL W
ORLD SER
IES
, AND THE D
IV
I
HOSTS THE STAN MUS
S
ION THREE NCAA COLLEGE BASEBALL l
'
;ORLD SER
IES
THE HOR
IZON
.
l'~ :
OTHER EVENTS ON
OUR NEW SPORTS PROMOT
ION O
FF
ICE W
ILL QU
ICKLY MAKE BAT
-
TLE CREEK
'S OUTSTAND
ING FAC
IL
IT
IES FOR ALL TYPES OF SPORT
ING EVENTS
,
.
LESS AND LESS OF A SECRET
S?E
;'
3
L\G O
F SECRETS I N THEi
,
p
.K
ING
, OUR INTE
R
l
-!A
T
IONAL FEST
IVI
:..I
J OF
I
~
SHOULD PROVE TO BE ONE OF THE M
OST OUT
STAKD
ING LIG
HT
ING DIS
-
PLAYS IN THE COUNTRY.
THE GROUP PUTT
IN
G TEAT
~
TOGETHER IS WELL
�E
y
e O
p
e
n
e
r
S
e
p
t
em
b
e
r1
0
,1
9
9
1
P
a
g
e5
ON ITS WAY TO MAK
ING SuRE THAT IT I
S NOT SOMETH
ING ANY OF US TAKES
FOR GRANTED
.
D
ID YOU KNOW THAT THE UN
ITED ARTS COUNC
IL OF CALHOUN COUNTY I
S
ONE OF THE FASTEST GROW
ING UN
ITED ARTS ORGAN
IZAT
IONS IN THE NAT
ION
?
THE C
ITY I
S BLESSED W
ITH NUMEROUS AUD
ITOR
IUMS
, A C
IV
IC THEATRE ORGAN
IZ
J
.
.
.T
ION
, A C
IV
IC ARTS CENTER
, A
CONCERTS ASSOC
I AT
I ON
, TO
~
C
~l
CHORUS
, AND A COM
.
.'1UN
ITY
I
A FEW.
THE V
IS
IONQUEST 5
000 GOALS
,
ONCE THEY ARE ACH
IEVED
, '
d
ILL HAKE OUR CULTURAL ARTS PROGRAM ONE OF
.
THE BEST IN THS COUNTRY
FOR EXAMPLE
, BECAUSE
rr S
I
BEEN HERE
FOR SO LONG
,
TAKE THE BATTLE CREEK S
n
:
PHONY FOR GRANTED
.
BATTLE
CREEK
SYMPHONY
I
S '
l
'HE OLDEST
MANY
PEOPLE
D
ID YOU KNOW THAT THE
COMMUN
ITY
SYMPHONY
P
; THE
NOT ONLY THAT -TOD
.
i
\Y
, OUR SYMPHONY R
i
\NKS N
I NTH A
J
.
'
1
0NG ALL
STATE
?
o
aCHESTRAS I N THE UN
ITED STATES
, BOAST
ING A RECORD OF UN
INTERRUPTED
SEASONS
.
NOT
~
OTHER COM
.
.
1
'1UN
IT
IES OUR S
IZE .
i
\RE FORTUNATE :LNOuGH
'TO E
l
l
.VE ASYMPHONY AT ALL
.
LET
'
S GO ON TO SOME OF OUR 'BUS
INESS
' SECRETS
.
D
ID YOU KNOW TEAT BATTLE CREEK
'S FORT CUSTER INDUSTR
IAL PARK I
S
TEE
~'
OF THE COUNTRY
'S TH
IRD LARGEST FORE
IGN TR
:
l
\DE ZONE
WHERE
p
;
,NIES CAN CONDUCT CERTA
IN OPERAT
IO
:
rS A:
"
JD DE
.
?ER
, REDUCE
, OR
L8CAL Cm.
ELIMI NATE CUSTOM
S DUT
IES
?
IN J
.
.
.CT
IV
ITY
,:
'
:AT
IONW
IDE
.
FOREI GN TR
i
\DE
~
43 IS R
;NXED
\~
�Sye Op
ene
r
S
ept
em
ber 1
0
, 1991
P
ag
e6
D
ID YOU
S
. CUSTOMS
C
~
W
PORT
THAT THE C
ITY OF BATTLE CREEK HAS IT
S OWN I NLAND U
.
OF ENTRY OFFERING CONVEN
IENT AND ACCURATE CUSTOMS
A KU
:1BER 0
:
' Y
.
IDWEST CORPORP
.T
IONS W
ITH
~C
C
.
sNAD
IAN OPERP
.-
IS ASS
eT TO AVO
ID THE CONGEST
ION I
i
.
\
"D DETI m
IS T
!
"
.KE ADVANTAGE OF TH
IKE DETRO
IT AND CH
ICAGO
.
LAYS ENCOUNTERED I N AREAS L
D
I D YOU KNOW THAT BATTLE CREEK
'S 3,00
0 ACRE INDUSTR
I
AL P
J
.
.RK I
S
THE LARGEST IN THE STATE OF
IN
DUSTRIE
S
IRTEEN
,
TH
M
ICH
IGAN
?
THE PARK I
S THE HOME OF 6
1
W
ITH MORE THAN FOUR M
ILLION SQUARE FEET UNDER ROOF
.
BAT
?:
:
"=
: CREEK
HAS
THE :SARG
EST CONCENTRATION C?
AT
';'. -~~'
MANUFACTURERS I N THE STATE.
1 INDUSTRIES I N
MANY OF YOC ARE PROBABLY NOT AWARE THAT OF THE 6
l
ERE BORN I
i
.ND RA
ISED IN BATTLE CREEK.
THE PARK, 19 v
BATT
LE C
r
tEEK
'S
S RANKED I N THE TOP TE
:--J, BY COMPAN
IES L
IKE
WORKFORCE I
~
AND HON
-
01
\, FOR Cm
:
:S
ISTE
:
·
ITLY SUPPLYD
iG H
IGr
: QUANTITY AND Q
UAL
ITY
C '::.~
.
DID YOU K
i
:;O
t
'
; T
H
.
J
l
.T B
"
'.T
?LS CREE
:{1S REG
IONAL MA
lWFACTUR
:
:
:NG TS
c
tTNO
LOG
ICAL CENTER
,
LOCATED IN T:
iE INDUSTR
IAL PARK, I
S ONE OF T
:
:
:E FEW
FAC
IL
IT
IE
S IN TEE COUl
\TRY OFFERING JOB 'TRA
IN
ING SPEC
IF
ICALLY G
:
:
:ARED
TO THE NEEDS OF LOCAL I NDUSTRY?
M
l\
.NY OF
FRm
'
1
. '>~
YOU HAVE
HEARD THE NEWS THAT K
.
i
\L
-AERO l
'
l
IL.
T
.J BE
TO BATTLE CREEK.
~ ~
~
\
'
;HAT YOU HAY NOT KNO
IY, I
S TH
J
.
.T KF
.L-
FAC
ILIT
IE
S FOR CORPORATE A
IRCRAFT.
�:S
y
eO
p
e
n
e
r
Se
p
tember 1
0
, 199
1
P
a
g
e7
SK
IPPI NG FROM THE I NDUSTR
IAL PARK TO OTEER AREAS OF THE
TY
,
C
~~
I-
D
ID YOU KNOW THAT THE NEW CR
IM
INAL J UST
ICE COMPLEX CURRENTLY
BE
ING
C
0
:1 THE OLD CONRA
IL PE
\OPERTY W
ILL
C~
1
5
0
,
0
0
0 SQUARE
FEET
OF JA
IL
AND SHER
IFF
CONTAIN NEARLY
ADMIN
ISTRAT
IVE
SPACE,
1
2
0
,
0
0
0 SQUARE FEET OF COURT SPACE, AND HAS A TOTAL PRO
JECT BUDGET
IN EXCESS OF $
3
0,0
00,
0
0
0
?
D
ID YOU KNOW THAT BY C
I
I~
JA
IL
AND COURT ACTIV
I
T
IES 1
:1 ONE FAC
IL
ITY
, THE COUN
TY W
ILL SAVE r-:ZF
.RLY
THREE
-QUARTERS
f
t
lH
IC
E
~
~
A f
.
1
J
:L
L
ION DOLLARS A YEAR IN OPERATIONA
L EXPENSES
COVER THE COST OF BUILD
INGTHE NEW COURT COMPLEX
?
D
I D YOU KNOV
'I THAT THE C
ITY OF
' BATTLE CE
i
l
lEK
~
:'
ASSUME CENTRAL
D
ISPATCH FOR THE ENT
IRE COUNTY AND W
ILL EVENTUALLY DEVELOP AN E
9
1
1
SYSTEM WH ICH W
ILL ALLOW D
ISPATCEERS TO P
INPO
INT A CALL TO A SPEC
IF
IC
RES
IDENCE
, H;r Ti
lE BATTLE CREEK Y
lETROPOL
ITAN AREA OR OTHER COH
I1UN
I
T
IES I N THE COUNTY?
D
ID YOU KNOW THAT CEREAL C
ITY DEVELOPMENT CORPORAT
I ON (CCDC
) I
S
h
'ORKING ON A NU
l
lEER OF PROJE
CTS, I NCL
UD
ING THE REUSE OF THE
SEARS
~
BUIL
DIN
G
, THE REUSE OF THE FOREER D1PER
IA'
;
:
' T
ILE BU
ILDE:G ON
M
ICHIGAN AVENUE, AND THE DEVELOP M
ENT O
r
FORIvlER H
. B
. SHERMAN BLO
CK
?
r' \.
~
RATE HOUSI NG 10
: THE
WHEN FULLY COY
iPLETED
, r
ER
IS LA
ST DEVELOP
-
MENT W
ILL I NCLUDE REST1
\URANTS , CO
ML"
lER
C
IAL SPACE, AND AN AMEN
ITY PACK
-
AGE FOR RESIDENT
S, I NCLUD
ING A POOL AND CLUBHOUSE
.
"CEN
'
rR
.
'
\L
I ZED RET1HL
T
E!-\
.
0
AGEHENTI!
f,vF
iICH
W
ILL
H;CU
jDE
CONSENSUS
ON
�Ey
e Op
ener
S
e
p
tembe
r1
0
, 1991
P
a
g
e8
STORE HOURS, TENANT 1
1
IX
, FACADE TREATMENTS
, AND YES
, FREE PARKING I
S
BE
ING D
ISCUSSED AS PART OF THE PACKAGE.
A !
·L
l
I
.JOR EMPLOYER IN THE DOWNTOWN
, WHO
I
S TOO OFTEN TAKEN FOR
D
I D YOU KNOW THAT THE
IR
GRANTED
, I
S TRANSAMER
ICA
.
C
~
I
I
IN
BATTLE CREEK W
ILL EVENTUALLY RESULT I N 3
1
7 MORE J OBS, f
.
IND AP PROXITELY S1
0 MIL
L
ION DOLLARS OF CORPORATE IN
VESTMENT TO
I
'
lA
TEE
l'~
a
J BU
ILD
ING AND TEE TRANSJ.I
.
J
.
1
E
R
ICA TOWER BU
ILD
ING?
FOP
.
'
l
1ER R
OBV
I OUSLY,
~
TI ME COULD BE SPENT ON OUR BUS
INESS SECRETS, BUT
LET'
STURN OUR ATTENT
ION TO THE C
ITY'S QUAL
ITY OF L
I
FE
.
ITE
I
'
·
1S I N T
H
IS ARE
J
\ J
.
I
.RE ESPECIAL
LY EASY TO TAKE FOR GR
.
.
'
\NTED
, BECAUSE
THEY
INCL
UDE
rrH
E
GE
neRALLY
"
I
NV
IS
IBLE
"
, AND OUR HEALTH G
\RE
SCHOOLS, OUR GOVERNMENT
~
SERVIC
ES
OF
OUR
.
FOR EXAMPLE, D
I D YOU KNOW THAT THE POL
ICE
~
CI
.
,OSES I
,
jORE
rJAL CASES THROUGH FINGER
PRL
'
;T I DENTIF
ICATIO
!
:
'
: TEl
'
,
:
:
'
: ,
'
\
:
JY DEPAR
'j
'
CRn U
~
ITS S
IZE P
J THE STATE
?
CLOS2D DOUBLE THE A
;
'10U
:
,
;T OF CASES
~'
THAT THE CITY OF K
i\L
i
:
0
'
.
"
:
"
.ZOO D
ID ':L=-::ZOUGH TEIS METHOD 1
.
=o.ST YZAR
.
POL
ICE DEPARTMENT ALSO LAS A
O
f
'
ONLY
STATES.
~W
OW
\LIF
IED
C
I
,
BLOOD-S?ATT
ER
M
IKE VANSTRATTEN
,
IXTERPRETERS
AC
CORD
I NG TO CE
lE
? POPE, OUTS
IDE OF
POLICE DEP
.
L>.R
T
r
'lS
NTS
33ST ~
r~
I
~
I
r' ~.
,
I~
-= ~
~'
I
S ON2
~I :
u"")J
'IT
ED
AND THE STATE
GP
.
.
)
,
.ND R
.
.Z
\
.P
IDS , B
.
i
'o.TT
:S
:= C:C:.SF?
: :~
CRIM
E LAB IN THE STATE OF M
ICH
I GAN
.
OUR
\.
T'5
IE
�Ey
e Op
en
er
S
e
p
t
em
b
e
r 10
, 1991
P
a
g
e9
NEXT -AND T:
I
I
SI
SA M
I SCONCEPT
Im
;
,
RATHER THAN SOMETH
ING WE
TAKE FOR GRANTED -OUR BRAND NEW BATTLE CREEK AREA MATH AND SC
IENCE
CENTER HAS BEE
t
; DES
IGNED TO SER
\
'
'E :
JOT JUS
T
' THE ELITE
SCHOOLS,
BUT ALL
STUDENTS1
THROUGH F
IELD TR
I
P
S
,
~
:L?
:
: OUR
SPEC
IAL PRO
JECTS,
ITS.
AND PORTABLE LABORATORY K
NE
IGHBORHOODS
IN O
uR C
ITY ;
'
.RE VERY :;:;
·
;
PORTANT BUT BECAUSE THEY
l
'
i
'E
RE TAKEN FOR GRANTED FOR SO LONG
, \'1E ARE
PR
IOR
ITY.
~ \;
TO n.
lI
.KE TEEH A
I
D
I D YOU KNOW THAT THE H
ICH
IGAN ASSOC
IAT
ION OF
HOUS
ING
IEWS BATTLE rR
EEK AS HAV
I NG ONE OF THE TOUGHEST CODE
OFFIC
I ALS V
FORCEHENT D
IV
IS
IONS IN THE ENT
IRE STATE OF r
l
IC
H
I GAN?
ILL SOO
:'
J H
W
ZE A
WE K
Nm
,
:
r NE
IGHBORHOOD
~-
D
ID YOU :C-JOh
STP
.
J
.
.TEGY THAT WHE
t';- FULLY DEVEL
-
OPED l
-Y
IV
,H
.
.z
\KE AVA
IL
I,B
LE APPROX
I MATELY $
1
5 M
ILLION DOLLZ
\R
S OVER THE
NEXT F
IVE YEARS
?
OVER 50 % OF THESE FUNDS W
ILL COME FROM LOCAL F
INAN-
C
IAL INST
ITUT
IONS AND RESULT I N THE REHAB
ILITATI ON OF AT LEAST FOUR
TARGET
L'-JE
IG
HBORHOODS , 'VHTH
AN D
1PIE1
.S
IS
ON
HOME
OWNERSH
IP
, BETTER
, AND A STRONG NEI GHBORHOOD INVOLVEMENT COMPOQUALITY RENTAL PROPERTY
NENT
Io
r'
l-. ~ ~rC =
,
~\
': :'I ~
S
p
.
.YS A LOT ?130m
:
' HOW'
I'EA
I
' SERV
ICE I
S GO
IKG.
OUR
�!
:
:v
e Op
ener
S
ept
e
mb
er 10
,1
9
91
?age 10
SCHOOLS
THE
STUDENT
TOTAL
~
I
IN THE
~
BATTLE
CREEK
AREA IS
THE FACULTY NUMBER MORE THAN 1,0
0
0, MOST W
ITH ADVANCED DE
-
20,0
0
0.
GREES.
D
ID YOU KNOW THE BATTLE CREEK PUBL
IC SCHOOL SYSTEM SERVES THE
TE
I RD LARGEST GEOGR
z
\PH
ICAL SCHOOL D
ISTR
ICT AREA I N THE STATE
?
ALSO mm OF THE VBRY PE
l! SYSTE
l
·
IS I N TEE UN
ITED STATES
T
I RELY DEBT FREE
, \
'
J
ITH t-i
I
LLAGE FOR OPER
.A
.TIONS
BY TEE CIT
Y
'S
C
I
-C
l'~
I
I
S EN
-
IC
APPROVED
= l\
RESIDEN
TS.
CI
CE
ILDREN LEARN 1
\BOUT
C ~
~'
AT A SCHOOL FAP
J
·1
, AND LEARN FIRST
-
~
HAND ABOUT NATURE I\.ND \H
LDL
IFE AT A ONE
·WEEK RESI DENTH.L
I ~' C
1'1-' I
S
C . \~I:
AT THE 100
j
\CRE OUTDOOR EDUCAT
ION CENTER AT CLSAR
THE PI ONEER ANN J. KELLOGG SCHOOL, ONE OF THE F
IRST
N
f
\
.TI ON TO [·1A
I NSTREAM
~ IC
C
~
STUDENTS, PROV
I DES I!
\I
DEPTH
~c _'\
I~
~
~
.
TEE
IC-
ES TO BLIND
, DEAF
, AND ORTHOPEDICA
LLY HAND
ICAPPED CH
ILDREN.
D
ID YOU KNm
i THE LAKEV
IEW SCHOOL
T
IOL
\
jAL MER
IT SCHOLARS?
TRICTS I N THE NAT
ION TO
IPIENT
BEE::T TEE PEC
~ :'
~
~
C
D
ISTR
ICT HAS PRODUCED 144 r
;A
-
IT '
dAS ONE OF THE FIRST PUBLIC SCHOOL D
IS~I I
-
OF THE UN
ITED STA
.TESI
I
~
OF THE
CI
~
CONFERENCES , AND HAS
C
SECR
.ETARY OF EDUCATI ON
_
I
~~
SCEOOL 01S-
'
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P
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OPERATES THE COUNTRY
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OF JAPANESE
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"
J
APANESE SATURDAY SCEOOL" FOR CH
I!
.
,DREK
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IV
ING IN BATTLE CREEK
.
THE CALHOUN AREA VOCAT
IONAL CENTER OFFERS TFA
IN
ING I N 3
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JT F
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IRST K
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ST
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CURR
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.
KELLOGG Cm1HUN
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ITH
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P
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BEFORE :
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ISCUSS BATT
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STAKE A PO
:SL OF HOW
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SELVES THE BEST- KEPT SECRET I N BATTLE CREEK
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:::~:
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THE REP
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, IS NOT ONLY BECAUSE WE TAKE
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P
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NOW THAT YOU '
VE HEARD TH
E 'STATEOF TEE C
ITY' YOU EAVE PLEN
TY O
F
~~
I
AND NO M
ORE EXCUSES. W
ITH THAT
TO JOIN ~
IN
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A PLEDGE. PLEA
SE
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F YOU
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YOUR R
IGhT HAND
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ING PLEDGE AFTER MS :
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-KEPT.SECRETS
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LONGER 1
'
.
;
;
'KE FOR GRANTED THE TH
ING
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E BEST.
THANK YOU.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
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JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1991-10-08_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, On The Move
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 8, 1991 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the presentation for the Battle Creek Area Chamber of Commerce Eye Opener.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1991-10-08
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/e3c1bf251999a314e3fb4c7fd27a8ff6.pdf
3c8d06fb5c16d50ccb94865a33cc54fe
PDF Text
Text
/C - .,-
-P
I
THE KELLOGG FOUNDATION EVALUATES A PROPOSAL
Remarks made by Telelecture by Dr. Russell G. rilawby,
Vice President, W. K. Kellogg Foundation
to the Na t i ona l Conference for
Less-Than-Baccalaureate Degree Programs in Agriculture
Pennsylvania State University
October 9, 1968
Thank you for the privilege of participating in your Conference program
in this way.
I very much regret that the pressure of other commitments
ma k e s it impossible for me to be with you in person today.
Ma ny of you
are friends and colleagues of long stfulding and I would appreciate nothing more than the opportunity of being with you to discuss less-thanbaccalaureate degree programs in agriculture, the timely theme of this
Conference, as well as to visit with you about other subjects of mutual
interest.
lNhen Dr. Snyder wrote and extended the invitation for this
presentation, it was necessary for me to decline with regret because of
other commitlnents.
vfuen he pressed further and the possibility of this
discussion by telephone
~aterialized,
I was delighted, for it is better
to be with you electronically than not at all.
My assi gned topic in this discussion is "THE KELLOGG FOUNDAT ION EVALUATES
A PROPOSAL."
My remarks, of c ourse , will not have the benefit of t h e
earlier discussions of your Conference, but I hope they will be relevant
nonetheless.
My comments will be brief and I will be anxious to have
specific questions so that I ca n c omme nt on points of gr e a t e s t interest
to you.
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o
rou
rc
on
si
d
e
r
a
ti
o
n
:
1.
Ou
r found
a
ti
o
n
,l
i
ke m
os
t found
a
t
i
o
ns
,isch
i
e
f
lyi
n
t
e
r
e
s
ted
i
npi
o
n
e
e
ri
n
go
rexp
e
rime
n
ta
l pr
o
j
e
c
t
s
. We a
r
e in
te
res
ted
,i
n
n
ov
at
i
v
e ap
pr
o
a
c
h
e
s, s
i
g
n
i
f
i
c
a
n
tn
ew e
f
f
o
r
t
s
newideas
wh
i
chrep
resen
t ad
if
f
e
r
e
n
t
a
r a
~
W
ea
re no
t
i
np
r
o
v
i
d
i
n
ga
s
s
i
s
t
a
n
c
et
ot
h
eo
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
l bu
d
g
e
to
fan
e
s
t
a
b
li
s
hedp
rog
r
am. Q
u
itef
r
ank
l
y
,m
a
n
yo
f t
h
er e ~
e
t
w
e
e
i
vein ag
ri
c
u
ltu
re a
r
es
imp
lyf
o
r"m
o
re o
fthe s
am
e,"
rec
fo
r rep
e
t
i
t
i
on o
f an i
d
e
aa
l
re
adyw
e
l
l dem
on
s
t
r
a
t
e
d
,o
rf
o
r
t
a
k
e
o
v
e
r fo
ra p
o
r
tion o
fa budg
e
tt
h
a
ti
si
nt
r
ou
b
l
ef
o
r
on
e reasono
ra
n
o
t
h
e
r.
2.
Th
e K
e
ll
o
gg Found
a
ti
o
nis c
once
r
n
ed w
i
t
ht
h
eappli
c
a
t
i
o
no
f
know
ledg
e
. '
{
b
i
l
e w
er
e
c
o
g
ni
z
ec
om
p
l
e
t
e
l
yth
e im
p
o
r
t
ance an
d
t
h
e con
tri
b
u
t
i
o
no
f resea
r
c
h
,w
ed
o no
t suppor
t rese
a
r
chpr
o
g
rw
a
s
t
�-4
p
e
r
s
e
. R
a
t
h
e
r
, i
ti
so
u
rc
o
n
v
i
c
t
i
o
nt
h
a
to
n
eo
fo
u
r
p
r
o
b
l
em
sa
sa s
o
c
i
e
t
yi
st
h
eu
t
i
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
no
fe
x
i
s
t
i
n
gk
n
ow
l
e
d
g
ea
n
ds
ow
e p
r
o
v
i
d
ea
s
s
i
s
t
a
n
c
et
oe
f
f
o
r
t
sw
h
i
c
hr
e
p
r
e
s
e
n
t
t
h
e
a
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
no
fk
n
ow
l
e
d
g
ei
nn
ew a
n
di
n
n
o
v
a
t
i
v
ew
ay
s t
o
m
e
e
t s
i
g
n
i
f
i
c
a
n
tn
e
e
d
so
rs
e
r
v
ec
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
i
v
ep
u
r
p
o
s
e
s
.
3
.
Ou
r f
o
u
n
d
a
t
i
o
nd
o
e
sn
o
tp
r
o
v
i
d
ee
n
d
owm
e
n
t
s
. W
e do n
o
t
c
o
n
t
r
i
b
u
t
et
od
e
v
e
l
o
pm
e
n
t
a
lc
am
p
a
i
g
n
s
,n
o
r do w
e p
r
o
v
i
d
e
f
u
n
d
sf
o
rc
a
p
i
t
a
lf
a
c
i
l
i
t
i
e
s
,e
x
c
e
p
twh
en s
u
c
hb
r
i
c
k
sa
n
d
m
o
r
t
a
rm
ay
b
ea
ne
s
s
e
n
t
i
a
lp
a
r
to
fa p
r
o
g
r
am t
ow
h
i
c
hw
e a
r
e
p
r
o
v
i
d
i
n
ga
s
s
i
s
t
a
n
c
e
.
4
.
Our
f
o
u
n
d
a
t
i
o
n
,a
s som
eo
fy
o
u know f
r
omp
r
i
o
rc
o
n
t
a
c
t
s
,
d
o
e
sn
o
tm
ak
e g
r
a
n
t
sf
o
rc
o
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
s
,f
o
rp
u
b
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
so
r
f
o
rf
i
lm
su
n
l
e
s
st
h
e
ya
r
ep
a
r
to
fa p
r
o
j
e
c
tt
h
eF
o
u
n
d
a
t
i
o
n
i
sa
l
r
e
a
d
ya
s
s
i
s
t
i
n
g
,
5
.
Inc
o
n
s
i
d
e
r
i
n
ga p
r
o
p
o
s
a
l
,w
e a
r
ei
n
t
e
r
e
s
t
e
di
nt
h
er
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
s
o
ft
h
ea
p
p
l
i
c
a
n
t
. W
e s
e
l
d
om
,i
f
e
v
e
r
,p
r
o
v
i
d
e 100% o
ft
h
e
mon
ey n
e
c
e
s
s
a
r
yf
o
ra
n
yp
r
o
j
e
c
ts
i
n
c
ew
e f
e
e
lt
h
er
e
q
u
e
s
t
i
n
g
i
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
ns
h
o
u
l
dm
ak
e as
u
b
s
t
a
n
t
i
a
lc
o
mm
i
tme
n
ta
l
s
o
. I
n
a
d
d
i
t
i
o
n
,w
e do n
o
tw
a
n
t t
op
r
o
v
i
d
ee
n
c
o
u
r
a
g
em
e
n
tf
o
ra
n
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p
r
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r
amt
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tm
ay b
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i
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p
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t
. And
, s
i
n
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o
u
n
d
a
t
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o
nc
a
n
n
o
t
,
b
yi
t
sn
a
t
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r
ea
n
dp
u
r
p
o
s
e
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ei
na p
o
s
i
t
i
o
no
fp
r
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u
p
p
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r
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y
sc
o
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dw
i
t
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n
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n
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p
r
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t
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t
et
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o
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ro
ft
h
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i
n
a
n
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lr
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s
p
o
n
s
i
b
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l
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t
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i
f
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h
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d
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ap
r
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ss
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c
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s
s
f
u
l
.
�- 5Within t he broad philosophi cal context s ugges t e d abo ve , I would emphas ize
that our f oundation, lik e mo st foundat i on s , has an open mind when i t comes
to con side ri ng idea s.
We a r e careful not t o prejudge a proposal bec a us e
o f it s c harac ter or source .
So l on g as a p roposal co mes wi th in the broad
scope of i nt e r e sts of our f ounda t i on-- a s I have indi ca ted , the f i elds of
a gr i cul t ure and educati on a r e two o f t he f our a reas of interest of the
Kel logg Foundat ion , t he other t wo b e ing t he broad a reas of he alth and
pub l ic affairs - -and is conc e rned with t h e appl icat io n of knowledge in some
i nnovat ive way to serve a signi fi ca nt purpos e, you
can be ass ur e d that
the proposal wi l l be ca r e fully studied .
I n eval uati n g a spe ci fi c propos al, ou r first co ncer n , ther efore, is wi t h
the ide a---wi t h t h e nat ure and significance of the problem which i s
i denti f i ed, with t he statement of purposes , a nd with the program which
is propo s ed.
Th e si ze of the r e Que s t is not an immediat e concer n , although
ult imately, of cour s e, we wi l l have to a ssess the benefits antic ipated i n
r elation t o t h e inv e stment.
Ini tially, however, it i s t he Qual ity of t he
idea tha t wi l l be our pr ime cons i dera tion.
Our f oundat i on, lik e most f oun da ti ons , has no standard applicat ion f orrn
or format fo r the submiss ion of proposals .
Further , our Board of ·Trustees
me et s mont hly so that there i s no a nnu a l or ot her deadli n e before whi ch
proposals must be con s idered .
I f , after do ing yo u r ho mework about the
Fou nda t i on ' s purpose , philosophy , and the f ields o f interest , you f eel
you have a pr oj e c t whi ch comes within thi s fr amework, t he next st ep is to
establish contact .
This can be done by a telephone ca ll or a l et t e r.
In
�....
-6
ag
ri
c
u
ltu
ra
l edu
c
a
t
i
o
n
, th
ec
o
n
t
a
c
tw
iththe K
e
llo
gg Fou
n
da
t
i
on co
u
l
d
b
ew
ith m
e, w
i
t
hD
r. R
o
be
r
tE
. K
in
si
n
g
e
r, on
eo
f ou
rP
rog
r
am D
i
rec
t
o
rs
a
ck
gr
o
und i
si
ncommun
i
ty c
o
ll
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g
eand u
n
iv
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r
s
i
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u
c
a
ti
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r
who
se b
w
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hD
r. Ga
r
yK
in
g
--u
n
til rece
n
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ya r
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r
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ta
t P
enns
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va
n
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S
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eUn
ive
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s
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t
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s
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r
am D
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rs
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a
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ern
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yw
ith r
u
r
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lan
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ri
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ltur
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lp
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am
s.
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ep
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r
t
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e co
nt
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r
l
yint
h
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o
p
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a
lo
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n
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o
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lb
a
si
s
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r you h
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iven c
a
r
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t andp
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ep
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r
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o
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n
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t
b
efo
r
ee
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e
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t
a
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li
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i
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hi
sp
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ppor
t
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ni
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o
rus t
o
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t andi
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e
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t
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r
o
po
sa
l wh
ich m
a
yu
ltim
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te
lyresu
lt r
e
pr
e
s
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tin
gt
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ee
x
p
e
r
i
e
n
c
eo
fb
o
t
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a
r
t
i
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s
. I
fi
nyour i
n
i
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a
lc
o
n
t
a
c
tt
h
e
i
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ea se
em
st
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av
em
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t andt
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ew
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t
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n th
e sco
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fF
ou
nd
ati
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r
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im
e
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n
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ta m
o
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ec
om
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reh
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s
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res, an
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budg
et re~
e t
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r
en
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r
e
s
t
ed in v
o
lum
in
ous s
t
a
tem
en
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r
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on
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a
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le pr
e
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t
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o
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f the i
d
e
ay
ou hav
e
in m
in
d.
W
h
e
nsu
cha p
r
o
p
o
s
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l is rec
e
i
ved
, it w
ill th
en b
er
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e
o
rmo
r
e s
t
a
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fm
embe
rs a
n
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fit looksp
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om
i
s
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g, w
i
t
ho
ffi
c
er
so
ft
h
e
Found
a
ti
o
n
. I
f
,a
f
te
rth
i
sc
a
r
e
f
u
land som
e
t
im
e
st
im
e
c
onsum
i
n
gr
e
v
i
.
ew
,
t
h
eideas
t
il
l
s
e
e
m
s t
ohave p
o
t
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nt
i
a
l fromth
e st
a
nd
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o
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nt o
fFounda
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on
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s
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e pr
o
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ill a
rr
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onto f
u
r
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r
di
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u
s
st
h
e pr
o
p
o
s
a
lw
i
t
h yo
u and o
t
h
e
r
si
np
os
iti
o
ns o
fr
e
s
p
o
n
sib
ilit
y
.
im
e
,w
ew
ill a
lsoi
n
v
i
te y
outo su
bm
it af
u
l
l
f
l
edgedw
r
i
t
ten
A
t tha
t t
p
r
oposa
lto be su
bm
i
t
t
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ffi
c
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a
ll
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e
f Admin
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t
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c
e
r
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fyou
r ins
t
i
t
u
t
i
on
. S
om
ewh
er
eint
h
i
sp
r
o
c
e
s
so
fev
a
l
u
a
t
i
o
n, o
fcou
r
s
e
,
�-7i t may well be tha t we will invit e highly competent e xp er t s in whom we
have confiden ce to evaluate t h e i dea we a re considering or we may review
it with on e or another of the a d hoc committees which we from time t o
time a s semble t o pr ov i de c ouns el in the r evi ew o f effective proj ect
a r eas a nd t h e est abli shment of progr am pri orities.
Af t er we rec eive
your fo r ma l propo s al, a final de cision will be made by
of f i cer s with r eferenc e t o t he specific reque st.
the staff a nd
If their decision is
affirmative, a r e c ommendati on will then b e submitted to our Board of
Trustees who, if they concur, will make a financial appropriation t o
co ver t he amount o f the budg et reque sted.
Usu ally our program commit·-
nlent s are fo r a t hree t o fiv e year peri od and we require annual na r rat i v e
and finan cial rep orts an d budget revision s a s a basi s f or our annual
commi t me nt payments.
This then is a brief sk et ch of the background against which and the
procedure by which our Fou ndat io n YTould c onsi a er a propo sal whi c h you
mi ght submit.
May we now turn t o your s pec i f ic questions r elating t o
the Kellogg Foundati on or to the fo unda t ion world in ge ner a l .
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
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Russell Mawby speech, The Kellogg Foundation Evaluates a Proposal
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Mawby, Russell
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Speech given October 9, 1968 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation to the National Conference for Less-Than-Baccalaureate Degree Programs in Agriculture at Pennsylvania State University.
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1968-10-09
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https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/36ccdf5d368cbc4da00ed5da8435970e.pdf
9a8a07cbe15811df1157f3dc1b3aec84
PDF Text
Text
..
J
.-
r
"UNFINISHED BUSINESS"
Remarks by Dr . Russell G. Mawby
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Battle Creek, Michigan
Oakland University
October 9, 1984
In the quarter century since Oakland University was
founded, much has been done, both here and elsewhere, to
achieve the goals of continuing education that were made
vividly explicit at the time of its origin.
Chancellor
Varner and his associates and successors carried forward
and gave concrete expression to the constantly enlarging
themes of service which, on this campus and elsewhere,
have begun to change the character of American higher
education.
Appreciation is expressed to Dr. C. O. Houle, Professor
Emeritus of the University of Chicago and Senior Program
Consultant with the W. K. Kellogg Foundation, for his
assistance in the preparation of these remarks .
�Page 2
Even ln the most traditional form of university-based
continuing education - - courses offered for credit -- the
number and proportion of adults has had an accelerated
growth.
The number of students over the age of 25 rose
from two-and-a-half million in 1972 to four-and-a-third
million in 1982, a gain of 72 percent.
In 1982, adults
made up 35 percent of the total student body of all
colleges and universities.
These figures deserve respect but they are only a
small part of a vastly larger whole which includes such
continuing educational services as conferences, seminars,
lecture and concert series , telecommunication through many
media, field-staffs reaching out to places sometimes
far-distant from the home campus, and the provision of
learning opportunities for many constituencies, including
agriculture, industry, commerce, labor, families,
voluntary associations, and solitary individuals.
�Page 3
While the continuing education movement has grown
prodigiously,
w~
all sense that it is still young.
Most
Americans have not fully grasped the concept of lifelong
learning.
They do not understand that the dominant
conception of education should not be an institutional
ladder constructed for children and youth but a much
larger idea of a lifetime of learning in which people at
every stage of their existence have opportunities to
fulfill all their individual and collective
potentialities.
We have far to go in perfecting the
schooling of children and youth 'but much farther in
creating satisfactory systems for conveying the skills,
knowledge, and sensitiveness needed during the later and
much longer segments of the life-span.
My assigned task today is to deal with only a part of
the grand design of the present and the future.
been asked to talk about how foundations can best
I have
�Page 4
collaborate with universities In the creation of
excellence In continuing education.
Both foundations and
universities have many other partners, as we all know, but
their relationship to one a not he r has been and will be a
particularly rich and fruitful one.
It will soon become
apparent to you that when I say "foundations" I mean, most
of the time, the W. K. Kellogg Foundation.
The general
can sometimes best be conveyed by the description of the
particular and such is the case today.
But, to be
completely candid, let me say that our Board and staff
have identified themes to guide our immediate future and I
would like to convince you that we choose some of the
right ones.
I am enthusiastic about them and would like
for you to share my enthusiasm.
Let me begin by telling you the story of what happened
In another place and another era.
�Page 5
II
The time was 1905 and the place was College Station,
Texas.
Three men were involved.
The first was the
President of Texas A. and M., David F. Houston, who
introduced the other two.
-The second was Wallace
Buttrick, head of a new foundation, the General Education
Board, established by John D. Rockefeller to alleviate the
economlc deprivation of the South.
The third, and
dominant, figure was Seaman Knapp, a complex man of great
power and diversity.
In the 1880's, for example, he had
been the most prosperous hog producer ln Iowa, the
president of Iowa State College, one of the SlX founders
of the land-grant college association and the author of
and Congressional lobbyist for the Hatch Act, which
established a national network of agricultural experiment
stations.
The dominant theme of his life was the
establishment of systems of education for farmers, their
�Page 6
wives, and their children.
In 1905, nearly 70 years old,
he was working for the United States Department of
Agriculture as a Special Agent.
He had assigned himself
nothing less than the task of changing the practice of
agriculture in the South by teaching farmers how to use
the principles of scientific farming.
President Houston made his introduction and withdrew,
leaving the other two men alone to spend two days talking
with one another.
The next nine years were influenced
momentously by that meeting .
The cotton boll weevil,
which had already crossed the Rio Grande, multiplied and
devastated the agricultural economy of the South.
Mr .
Knapp was
, one of the few people who then realized that a
complete change ln farming methods was the only way to
stop the infestation.
He was also a man who , after a
lifetime's experience, knew how to get farmers to change
their minds and their practices.
Consequently he turned
�Page 7
his central attention t o the needs of cotton farmers,
being aided In that task by an increased flow of money
from an alarmed Congress as well as from railroads,
mail-order houses, and other people who depended on
farmers.
But Mr . Knapp's interests in reform extended far
beyond cotton; he wanted nothing less than to change all
agriculture in the South.
It was In these larger concerns
that the General Education Board could help him, whereas
Congress, despite all its wisdom, wouldn't.
Public funds
could be used only in counties In which the boll weevil
was already rampagIng, but could not be spent In other
counties, to prevent its spread.
(This may seem a strange
policy to you as it does to me but, later on , I shall
mention a modern example that IS equally strange .)
Fortunately, Mr. Buttrick's new foundation could pr ovide
balancing funds to support prevention as well as cure and
�Page 8
thereby enable a broad-based Cooperative Extension Service
to come into being.
Between 1903 and 1914, slightly under
four million dollars had been spent on its development, 49
percent coming from the Federal government, 24 percent
from the General Education Board, and the remaining 27
percent from other sources.
In 1913, David Houston re-entered the scene, this time
as the newly appointed Secretary of Agriculture.
Knapp
had died but his work continued, though in an increasingly
diffuse and unco-ordinated form.
Houston believed that it
needed a firm establishment based in the land-grant
colleges--not in the USDA, in the public schools, ln the
state departments of agriculture, or any of the other
institutions which were then fighting to claim the
program.
As a land-grant college leader, he was no
stranger to politics, and with the support of the
President of the United States, himself the former head of
�Page 9
a university, the structures and processes which Knapp had
devel oped and Buttrick had helped to finance became the
established basis of the world's largest and most
influential system of lifespan learning.
Countless pe ople
have been served by it from the dawn to the ending of
their consciousness.
As only one consequence, the
excellence of this field service helped the land-grant
colleges to become universities because voters were
themselves currently benefitting from their own learning
activities and wanted to assist the institutions which
served them so well.
This story has distinctive elements which gIve it the
interest that any narrative should have, but it also
suggests some principles which well-established
foundations like to follow.
First, a foundation has purposes and themes which
focus its granting of funds.
It is not merely a grab-bag
for those who are nearest to it or can get there fas test.
�Page 10
Second, it often seeks out the people and institutions
which can best help to achieve those purposes and who can
best use its help.
Mr. Buttrick had had a long, slow, and
discouraging Journey through the South before he finally
found the man and the program In which he could have full
confidence.
These days it IS more likely that an
institution will seek a foundation but, if so, it will
usually not succeed In gaining support unless its proposal
fits within the broad themes around which the foundation
has chosen to shape its programs .
Third, the foundation helps 'out in a distinctive
fashion.
Sometimes, general institutional support is
granted but more often the foundation wants to find the
specific way in which it can best help.
Fourth, once an agreement IS reached and the money is
granted, the foundation allows the greatest freedom of
management which is consistent with ultimate
�Page 11
accountability.
It wants to see results but it does not
want to dictate the ways by which they are achieved.
Fifth, if possible, the foundation would like to have
its funds achieve a major and enduring social change.
The
eradication of the boll weevil was a great accomplishment
and the General Education Board might well have taken
pride if it had helped out more directly in that task.
Its purpose was broader, as was that of Mr. Knapp, and it
helped achieve that purpose far more spectacularly than it
could ever have hoped.
We who work In foundations are
hungry for more such successes.
Foundations follow many more principles than these and
sometimes they work in entirely different ways, the chief
exception being when they administer programs themselves,
as they often feel they must do.
In such cases, they may
have a great impact on universities (as I shall illustrate
later), but it is a different sort of impact than that
�Page 12
which exists ln collaborative situations such as the one
which ultimately produced the Cooperative Extension
Service.
If I may draw one more lesson from that example, let
it be the necessity for expecting changes to occur ln the
working out of programs.
Who could have guessed in 1905
that the ultimate provider of funds for the Extension
Service would not be John D. Rockefeller, then the richest
man in the world, but David Houston, then the president of
a little Texas college?
How did higher educational
institutions, who were not the original grantees for
either governmental or foundation funds, become the
ultimate administrators of the established program and
therefore the secondary beneficiaries of its services?
It
seems to me that as we move into new ventures ln lifespan
education in the future, we should always be ready to
revise our course of action, keeping ln mind the profound
�P
ag
e 13
ch
ang
e
s wh
i
ch o
c
c
u
r
r
e
dI
nt
h
ed
ev
e
lopm
en
to
fa
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
a
l
e
x
t
e
n
s
i
o
nI
nt
h
en
I
n
ey
e
a
r
sb
e
tw
e
en 1905 and 1914
,a
p
e
r
i
o
d wh
i
ch w
eu
s
u
a
l
l
yt
a
k
et
oh
av
eb
e
en f
a
rmo
r
e
t
r
a
n
q
u
i
lt
h
a
nou
r own s
to
rmyt
im
e
s
.
I
I
I
Wh
a
t s
h
o
u
l
db
et
h
en
ew v
e
n
t
u
r
e
so
fc
o
l
l
e
g
e
s and
u
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
i
e
sa
sf
a
ra
sl
i
f
e
s
p
a
ne
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
ni
scon
c
e
rn
ed
?
Wh
a
t th
em
e
sa
r
et
h
emod
e
rn e
q
u
i
v
a
l
e
n
t
so
ft
h
eG
e
n
e
r
a
l
E
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
nB
o
a
r
d
'
sm
i
s
s
i
o
n t
oa
l
l
e
v
i
a
t
et
h
ee
conom
i
c
d
e
p
r
i
v
a
t
i
o
no
ft
h
eSou
th
? Th
e
~~
o
u
n
d
a
t
i
o
n
'
s Bo
a
rd
0
0 F
and s
t
a
f
fh
av
ea
sk
ed t
h
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s
e
l
v
e
st
h
e
s
eq
u
e
s
t
i
o
n
s and h
av
e
d
ev
e
lop
ed s
ev
enb
ro
ad g
o
a
l
s wh
i
ch i
n
c
l
u
d
ea numb
e
ro
f
s
t
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a
t
e
g
i
e
s
. I hop
et
h
a
tw
es
h
a
l
lb
ew
i
s
e enough t
or
e
v
i
s
e
t
h
e
s
eg
o
a
l
s and s
t
r
a
t
e
g
i
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sa
s ch
ang
es
e
em
sn
e
c
e
s
s
a
r
y bu
t
a
tt
h
eend o
ft
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e1
9
8
0
'
s
,w
es
h
a
l
lp
r
o
b
a
b
l
yt
u
r
nou
tt
o
h
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dc
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em
.
�Page 14
They are not suggested as being universally the most
important topics with which mankind, or even Americans,
should deal.
At the Foundation we must make choices.
We
cannot ignore our charter, and our Congressionally-imposed
limitations.
On some crucially important issues, such as
the prevention of nuclear war, we do not see how we can be
directly helpful.
Our resources are so limited that we
can assist only a few of the many people who bring
worthwhile projects to our attention.
But within such
general limitations, we have established programming
priorities to guide us in making 'de c i s i on s in allocating
our resources,
I shall not go through the whole structure
of our purposes, particularly since it 1S reported so
fully 1n our annual reports and elsewhere.
Instead, I
shall go a bit deeper into a few of our goals, selecting
the ones most relevant to lifespan education and to
universities.
�Page 15
So far as schooling is concerned, so important in the
early years of the lifespan, the Foundation is starting 1n
the community and moving toward the university.
This
country has recently had an abundance of reports pointing
out all that is wrong with our system of formal education
and suggesting countless recommendations for change.
When
such universal prescriptions are tried at the local level,
it is often hard to make them work.
Also, one discovers
able and articulate teachers and administrators who feel
that society has dumped many of its most intractable
problems upon the schools and then blamed them because, 1n
the resulting conflicts, their fundamental tasks are not
being carried out.
Many of these professionals have been
locally innovative and have achieved success stories which
have never been widely told or appreciated.
We at the Foundation have therefore decided that so
far as formal schooling 1S concerned, we shall limit our
�Page 16
own efforts to Battle Creek and to Michigan to see how
schools can improve themselves with our help, and perhaps
set new patterns which will be useful elsewhere.
a precedent to follow.
We have
More than fifty years ago, Mr.
Kellogg helped establish a public school ln Battle Creek
ln which handicapped children were educated along with
those who were not handicapped.
We believe that this
local school, to which visitors have come for many years
from allover the world, was instrumental ln the national
growth of the idea of mainstreaming.
We hope that other
fresh ideas for change will arise within our local schools
and go on to have a far greater influence elsewhere .
How do universities come into this picture?
At the
moment, we think of them as supporting and reinforcing our
Battle Creek and Michigan schools, to be called on as
needed.
The middle-sized cities in our state are now
working together to assist elementary school principals to
�Page 17
lmprove their performance .
They have asked Michigan State
University to help coordinate and guide their work and we
are supporting this effort.
We hope that such
arrangements will multiply.
Richness of field contacts
will help the universities know how to guide the lifelong
learning of educational professionals and thereby improve
the work of the schools.
Let me add that the Foundation staff, partly because
of its own past experiences, is very much aware of the
non-school learning activities of children and youth and
has supported many projects for t hem outside formal
education, both in this country and abroad.
A few of
these activities are related in some way to higher
education; work ln 4-H clubs, for example, is administered
in the United States by land-grant institutions.
At this
point we do not have any policy as to how programs for
out-of-school youth should be generally linked to colleges
�Page 18
and universities other than to say that it seems likely
that as the concept of lifelong education matures In
practice, such linkages will appear.
A second major theme of our Foundation's programmIng
is to help that concept (of lifelong education) become
more fully developed at the point at which it is now
weakest , the provision of opportunities for continuing
education during the years of adulthood.
Since the
midpoint of this century, we have been interested in the
growth of university-based residential centers .
This
movement, which we take pride in having originated, has
now been so widely ad opted that we cannot get an a ccurate
count of the number of such centers o r a valid taxonomy of
their purposes and programs.
We have also helped two-year
colleges to evolve from junior colleges to community
colleges .
Both of these institutional forms, now solidly
In place, need to evolve and change to meet emerging adult
�Page 19
needs and desires for learning.
Perhaps the Foundation
can help them do so.
More generally, colleges and universities need to
consider whether they are servlng their present and future
students as well as possible.
As I have said, at least 35
percent of current enrollees ln formal classes are over
the age of 25.
A good deal of anecdotal evidence suggests
that these forms of instruction, originally designed for
an immature student body, have not been adequately adapted
to serve as suitable methods of learning for experienced
men and women.
Even the new me thod s of instruction bear
traces of the old.
Elaborate systems of telecommunication
too often produce only arid lectures and factual
question-and-answer sessions.
More than that, the
countless providers of adult education do little
net-working to help one another strengthen and integrate
their offerings, to provide counseling for adults who are
�Page 20
searching for learning opportunities, and to explore new
areas of service .
Educators who really listen to
seekers- of-knowledge will find them to be an inexhaustible
s our ce of programming ideas.
The need for re-thinking the lifelong sequence of
learning 1S particularly evident so far as the professions
and the other users of advanced technology are concerned .
. The chief change 1n higher education in the twentieth
century has been the addition to the traditional classical
and lib eral curriculum of the bodies of content which
support these occupations.
But 'with rare exceptions,
universities have not followed their students out int o
their fields of ser vice to do creative pr ogramm1ng either
al one o r collabo ratively with other providers:
professional and technical associations, governmental
bureaus, work-sites (such as hospitals, schools,
factories, and executive suites), o r profit-seeking
�Page 21
providers of knowledge (such as publishers, sellers of
supplies and equipment, or the operators of
entrepreneurial schools).
Perhaps universities should
stick to pre-servlce education and leave the later years
of learning to other providers but I am not yet convinced
that that is true.
For it seems to me that universities have several
inherent advantages which they do not now use as fully as
they should.
They are major sources of the new knowledge
indispensible to all professionals and advanced
technicians.
They alone can provide continuity of
learning throughout youth and adulthood.
They have the
authority to initiate collaboration among the other
providers of learning.
Most important, they are the homes
of a variety of fields of knowledge and therefore the
places where the professions can collaborate ln carrying
out their educational programs.
The lifelong learning
�Page 22
patterns of physicians, dentists, lawyers, englneers,
architects, and nurses have basic similarities as do the
programs which provide that learning.
The educators who
operate these programs should learn from each other, and
.
'
they should establish ln the pre-servlce years a basis for
inter-professional learning activity and help maintain it
through all the years of practice.
If universities and other institutions are to develop
strong programs of adult continuing education, they must
develop a sound knowledge base to give intellectual
support to their work.
Also administrators and other
people responsible for adult education must have an
adequate preparation for their professional life and not
carry it forward merely on the basis of lore, tradition,
hunch, and trial-and-error, valuable though such
experiences may be.
�P
ag
e 23
Aq
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�Page 25
education.
Each of these tasks could be undertaken
separately, as has been the pattern in the past, but if
they were parts of an integrated approach by a single
university or state-wide system of higher education, the
cumulative impact might be far greater than if each
strategy were followed separately .
The University of
Georgia is making such a unified thrust, involving many
parts of the institution as well as outside collaborators
and such centers of control as the Governor and
Legislature.
We are happy to be able to assist the
University of Georgia in this integrated effort and hope
that the lessons learned there will have an influence
nationwide.
Georgians are certain that theirs is the
oldest state university, dismissing rival claims by North
Carolina, and it would be pleasant if they could celebrate
their bi-centennial year by moving toward the forefront of
public institutions as far as a complete system of adult
continuing education is concerned.
�Page 26
The remaining themes of Foundation programming about
which
I
shall talk today deal not with the improvement of
the general structures and practices of lifespan education
itself but with certain major changes which such education
can help bring about.
Any of our other Foundation goals
could be used for purposes of illustration but
I
shall
include only brief statements about several which seem
particularly relevant to the purposes of this conference.
The third theme which, In our VIew, should guide
strategies for future change has to do with health
promotion.
You will remember that in the early years of
the development of the Cooperative Extension Service, the
government would help only those farmers whose fields had
already been infested with the boll weevil and that Mr.
Knapp had to find foundation support to help farmers who
wanted to maintain healthy crops.
A roughly similar
situation now exists so far as health IS concerned.
�Page 27
Magnificent research and dissemination efforts have
conquered many diseases and expanded both the length and
quality of life .
As an unintended consequence, "health"
connotes "disease" and so do its allied terms .
"Health
care " really means the care of the ill or the infirm.
While society must maintain the programs of care which
have been so painstakingly developed, it is becoming ever
more apparent that the major new frontier of workers ln
health should be both disease preventi on and active health
promotion .
A strong case can be made that the greatest
gains in human welfare and happiness will now be made by
an approach which is grounded in a broad and positive
conception of health .
This complex aim can be sought in many ways which can
be roughly divided into two kinds of initiatives:
those
which have to do with individual lifestyles and those
which have to do with the removal of public hazards to
�Page 28
health.
In the first case, change can come only if people
intervene In their own lives, controlling their diet,
their exercise, their causes of stress, their use of
potentially dangerous substances, their habits of driving
and the use of tools, and in many other ways.
In the
second case, the public must intervene to remove dangers
which fall outside individual control, such causes of risk
as pollution of the environment, unsafe highways, and
inadequately prepared health professionals.
We cannot
rely on education alone to create a wholly satisfactory
system of health promotion.
Better engineering of roads
and work-sites is required as is better enforcement of
laws and increased knowledge about the nature and spread
of infections.
But people will not control their own
lives or give active support to public initiatives unless
they are taught how to do so.
Therefore, while education
is not sufficient, it IS essential.
�Page 29
What is the role of higher education In this regard?
Here are a few suggestions.
First, the age group 15-24 IS
the only one which has shown an increase in mortality In
recent years.
These are the heaviest years of higher
educational enrollment, a fact which suggests that
colleges and universities have a responsibility to aid
their young students immediately as well as to prepare
them for later years of life.
Second, universities must
alter their pre-service and in-service programs of
educating health professionals so that all of them are
more oriented to a positive conc eption of health.
Third,
more health professionals should be educated for the
specialist concerns of education and promotion, including
service In public health departments.
Fourth, programs
should be devised which help all adults, particularly the
elderly, know how to intervene in their own lives to make
them more healthful.
Getting people to change their bad
�Page 30
habits is a hard task, but perhaps one of the best
approaches to it is to set such habits within the broader
concern of the achievement of good health.
At any rate ,
society has to try to change its whole orientati on to
health and I hope that colleges and universities will not
be laggards in this respect.
The fourth theme I wou d like to mention today deals
with fostering patterns of community leadership.
The
decision makers of our society galn their strength and
authority by learning how to control the destiny of ever
larger and more complex groups 'and institutions .
This
process starts early ln life as children, in both school
and out-of-school settings, learn from the experlence of
managing clubs and teams and projects and local chapters
of national organizations.
It continues in much the same
fashion ln higher education, often becoming elaborately
exercised ln fraternity and sorority life and ln systems
�Page 31
of student government.
The responsible exercise of
authority shapes and polishes the individual both as an
influential person and as a manager of collective
affairs.
This process continues in adulthood In career patterns
In which individuals move upward on a promotional scale as
their abilities and talents are rewarded .
In such cases,
it is now thought necessary to accompany experience with
formal training.
We no longer leave matters to the
extra-curriculum as is true in school and college, but
expect that experience will be refined and extended by
formal stud y of some s ort.
The best known example of this
practice is to be found In business and industr y where
marvelously complex forms of management education have
been devised and are now financially supported on a
massIve scale because their success has been widely
accepted.
But the idea is pervasive; for example,
�Page 32
semInars are annually available to new university
presidents and their wives and to state supreme court
justices.
The most highly developed systems of all are to
be found in the military services (especially in the
officer corps) where, from beginning to end, duty time is
alternated with study time and even during periods of duty
time, educational opportunities are available to
everyone.
Now turn to public affairs and more specifically to
the boards, councils, commissions, and committees which
control almost every aspect of our community life.
The
general pattern here is to have a group of citizens set
policy, exercise authority, and serve as sponsors for an
institution whose staff is made up of members of one or
more professions.
We have such boards in both public and
private life, controlling:
our schools; our colleges and
universities; our health, cultural, and welfare
�Page 33
institutions; and our voluntary associations .
Here we
find the influential substructure of our s ociety,
immediately powerful in every particular case and
crucially significant because it provides a ladder of
leadership i n which citizens move upward and outward In
their capacity to guide and control the institutions of
society.
But it is aston ishing to observe how badly many
boards behave.
Almost any issue of any newspaper provides
accounts of the stresses which boards face and how
frequent IS their failure to reach satisfactory solutions
for their problems .
It is universally agreed that success
In the work-life requires study as well as experience, but
it is not generally understood that education is also
needed for those who control the destinies of our social
institutions.
Who should provide such education?
The need is so
great that the answer to that question might well be:
�Page 34
anybody who identifies the need.
specific than that.
But we can be more
Each board should help its present
and future members to understand what they need to know
about their own institution.
There are associations of
boards largely based on specific kinds of service such as
schools, public libraries, higher educational
institutions, and hospitals.
Each such association
fosters the learning distinctive to its institutional
form.
National associations, statewide coordinating
boards, and collaborative systems of financing community
service (such as the United Way) have a responsibility to
educate the boards of local chapters or local institutions
so far as their collaborative ventures are concerned.
But there
1S
a more general level of knowledge drawn
from the fact that most boards face the same problems.
(How large should a board be?
be composed?
How should its membership
How can board members be persuaded to take
�Page 35
responsibility?
be?
How long should the tenure of members
How can a gradual increase in personal responsibility
be fostered?
What
1S
the proper relationship of a board
and its chairman to the chief executive officer of an
institution?
To its staff?)
These questions sound
trivial to inexperienced people but vital to anyone who
has served on many boards.
Those who know the answers to
such questions can work powerfully within our community
institutions.
knowledge?
Who should offer this generalized
So far, community colleges have been the major
sponsors and the Kellogg Foundation has been delighted to
be able to help them.
It is my hunch, however, that we
have an opportunity for service here which should be
re alized by other kinds of institutions, particularly
large universities whose professional graduates are
profoundly influenced by the boards for which they work.
�Page 36
My fifth theme also deals with leadership but treats
it as a personal opportunity for development.
Almost
every serious student of the span of life has concluded
that sometime around the age of forty, most people have
achieved a sense of stability In their personal and social
lives and suddenly awaken to a need to re-examine who and
what they are and how they wish to re-direct their
continuing existence.
This fact IS as true of university
administrators and faculty members as of everyone else.
The young scholar today goes deep into specialization and
has an increasingly angular view of life.
The associate
professor or assistant dean is oriented to a discipline or
a specific managerial assignment and often feels more
identification and loyalty to it than to the institution
as a whole or to the society which surrounds and supports
it.
�P
ag
e 37
Th
eF
o
u
n
d
a
t
i
o
nd
e
c
i
d
e
d som
ey
e
a
r
s ago t
ot
r
yt
of
o
s
t
e
r
b
r
o
a
d
e
rl
e
a
d
e
r
s
h
i
pf
o
ri
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
so
fh
i
g
h
e
rl
e
a
r
n
i
n
gby
c
r
e
a
t
i
n
ga n
a
t
i
o
n
a
lf
e
l
l
ow
s
h
i
pp
rog
r
am wh
i
ch wou
ld s
e
l
e
c
t
abou
tf
i
f
t
ya
c
ad
em
i
c
se
a
chy
e
a
r who h
ad f
e
l
tt
h
en
e
ed t
o
u
n
d
e
r
t
a
k
ep
e
r
s
o
n
a
lp
rog
r
am
st
ob
ro
ad
en t
h
e
i
rv
i
s
i
o
n and
comp
e
t
en
c
e
. Th
ey s
t
a
yon t
h
e
i
rj
o
b
sw
i
t
h al
i
g
h
t
e
n
e
dl
o
a
d
o
fr
e
g
u
l
a
rwo
rk and a
r
eg
i
v
e
ns
u
p
p
o
r
tt
oemb
a
rk on
p
e
r
s
o
n
a
l
l
y
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
e
dp
r
o
j
e
c
t
s wh
i
ch w
i
l
lg
i
v
e th
emb
r
o
a
d
e
r
i
n
s
i
g
h
t
st
h
a
nt
h
e
yp
r
e
v
i
o
u
s
l
yh
ad
. Du
r
ing t
h
e
i
r
t
h
r
e
e
y
e
a
rt
e
n
u
r
e
,t
h
e
ya
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a
r
t
i
c
i
p
a
t
ei
ns
ev
en
s
em
i
n
a
r
s
, e
a
cho
f wh
i
ch i
s
~
d
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s
i
g
n
e
dt
op
r
o
v
i
d
e
a
st
o
t
a
lan imm
e
r
s
iona
sp
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s
i
b
l
el
nsom
ec
l
u
s
t
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ro
f
s
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i
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lp
rob
l
em
s
, su
cha
sl
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-m
an
ag
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tr
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a
t
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s
,
mod
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rn r
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,o
rt
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om
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a
l
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dn
a
t
i
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n
.
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av
el
e
a
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n
e
dsom
et
h
i
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g
sf
romo
u
rf
i
v
ey
e
a
r
s-o
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x
p
e
r
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c
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i
t
ht
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eK
e
l
logg N
a
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i
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a
lF
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l
l
ow
s
h
i
pP
rog
r
am
.
�Page 38
Several might be worthy of mention.
We have been pleased
to see that when mid-career scholars and administrators
are glven the opportunity to go beyond their disciplines
and assignments, they eagerly do so.
In fact, among the
most educative aspects of the program are the special
cross-field projects initiated by fellows.
Second, we
have found that keeping them at their own home bases means
that they are ln positions to influence their colleagues
and to walk across campus to follow up on associations
with people in other fields to which they have been
initiated during their fellowships.
Third, we have come
to realize how readily university life can be adjusted to
support such endeavors as the one we have undertaken.
It
was always intended that the program would go beyond
academic leadership to include people at a similar career
stage ln business, politics, public administration,
agriculture, and other spheres of work.
When we began to
�Page 39
seek out such individuals, ' we found how incredibly
complicated it is for them to adapt their work patterns
even for the minimal time requirements of the fellowship.
We are persisting In our efforts to reach new categories
of people but this task may never become easy.
Fourth,
the initial decision that we would have to administer this
particular program ourselves In order to insure its
breadth still seems right to us.
We have not ye t found
any other institution to which we could comfortably
transfer its administration .
This venture into a highly specialized form of adult
continuing education has seemed at this early stage to be
successful; many fellows seem to have had almost a
conversion experience.
No final judgments can, of course,
be made until we see the trajectory of the fellows'
careers and try to estimate whether they are in fact more
broadly based leaders than they would have been
�Page 40
otherwise .
To the degree that the program is successful,
however, it raises the disturbing question as to why there
are not more efforts to design education which will give
our society, in all its ways and works, a larger number of
responsible men and women who have both a creative vision
of what could be accomplished and the practical capacity
for doing so.
To come closer to home, if the academic
life is particularly suited to that kind of study which
would achieve breadth of viewpoint and help our present
and future scholars and administrators to make wise
choices at the time of their major mid-career reviews
whenever they occur, why are so few opportunities to do so
now being provided?
IV
By this time, you may believe that I have suggested
more tasks than colleges and universities may be able to
assume.
But institutions of higher education have shown
�Page 41
again and again that they can meet the challenges which
they set for themselves or which are required of them by
society.
To cite only one example, they are successfully
broadening the base of their own enrollment by enrolling
not only adults but other students whom they have
traditionally under-served.
In 1972, women made up 43
percent of their total student bodies; in 1982, it was 51
percent.
In 1972, 10 percent of their enrollment came
from racial minorities; in 1982, that figure was 14
percent.
Such profound changes, coupled with the massive
growth of adult enrollments, i nf l u e nc e some institutions
more than others but the over-all impact will eventually
be very great.
The question which sets our theme at this conference
has been a concern of the leaders of Oakland University
for twenty-five years.
serve its publics?
How does a public university best
The record of the past indicates that
�Page 42
we may have confidence in the future that this and other
colleges and universities will accomplish the creative
tasks which they confront at each stage of their
development.
As f or higher education as a whole, the
central thrust of my comments
IS
that its leaders can best
achieve their purposes if they not on l y strike out on
their own but also collaborate with government, industry,
labor, and other institutions and associations in sharing
common tasks .
I hope that American foundations will have
an important part in many such mutual endeavors.
"unfinished business" for us all'.
472
wpc:
10/8/84
There is
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
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Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
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Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
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The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
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Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1984-10-09_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Unfinished Business
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 9, 1984 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at Oakland University.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Education
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1984-10-09
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/849314992ef9af01db0dfcebeca04e38.pdf
855db96c8d4081b316e44d8a19a58b63
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1975-09-01_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech to Norwegian Ministry of Agriculture
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given September 1, 1975 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation to the Norwegian Minister of Agriculture. Minister Thorstein Treholt's speech thanking Mawby and Kellogg for their support is also included.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
Charities
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Agriculture
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1975-09-01
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/a51957b153c35dde405898003f8cd0af.pdf
0129b50b2d9f9322a10746f3ac04da23
PDF Text
Text
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1992-09-10_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Ox Yokes and Whippletrees
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given September 10, 1992 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Region I-IV meeting of the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1992-09-10
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/74a1a908c9ff5c789746256df0729a6a.pdf
b3973a895571d4fe4c90a9b9a3cd16e4
PDF Text
Text
HEALTH CARE SY STEM OUT OF SYNC
COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS: CREATIVE RESPONSES
TO A CRITICAL NEED
REMARKS BY DR. RUSSELL G. MAWBY, PH.D.
CHAIRMAN AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
W.K. KELLOGG FOUNDATION
COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS IN HEALTH PROFESSIONS EDUCATION
POLICY CONFERENCE
.
NATIONAL PRESS CLUB
WASHINGTON, D.C.
SEPTEMBER 11, 1991
I
IT IS A PLEASURE
TO BE WITH
YOU TO
HELP
LAUNCH
THE COMMUNIT Y
PARTNERSHIPS INITIATIVE AND TO SHARE A FEW OBSERVATIONS ABOUT REFORM
IN HEALTH PROFESSIONS EDUCATION FROM A LAYMAN'S PERSPECTIVE.
THANKS
TO
EACH
OF
YOU
FOR
BEING
HERE
FOR
THIS
VERY
OUR
SPECIAL
OCCASION.
MOST OF YOU HERE ARE PARTNERS IN THIS EFFORT WHICH AIMS TO INCREASE
THE
NUMBER
OF
PRIMARY
HEALTH
PRACTITIONERS
--
DOCTORS,
DENTISTS, AND OTHER HEALTH PROFESSIONALS -- AND TO DEVELOP
NURSES,
�MULTIDISCIPLINARY
COMPREHENS I VE
MODELS
PR I MARY
FOR
IMPROVING
HEALTH
CARE.
THE
I
PUBLIC'S
APPLAUD
CONTRIBUTION DURING THE TWO YEAR PLANNING PHASE.
SMALL ORDER.
ACCESS
YOU
AND
TO
YOUR
THIS HAS BEEN NO
EACH OF YOU KNOWS ONLY TOO WELL THAT THE SLOW PROCESS
OF INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE CAN PROTECT US ALL FROM HASTY DECISIONS OR
IMPULSIVE ACTIONS, BUT IT CAN JUST AS EASILY SMOTHER THE FLAME OF
INNOVATION.
YOU HAVE ALREADY SHOWN COURAGE, ENERGY, AND KNOW-HOW TO
AVOID THAT BEING THE CASE.
No ONE KNOWS BETTER THAN DO YOU, THAT
MORE OF SUCH COURAGE AND COMMITMENT WILL BE NEEDED AS YOU MOVE AHEAD.
YOu HAVE CREATED SOMETHING THE FOUNDATION BELIEVES IS GOING TO MAKE
A DIFFERENCE:
THE
COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS -- EACH ONE DIFFERENT BECAUSE
CIRCUMSTANCES
WASHINGTON
YOU
FACE
EMPHASIZING OUR
ARE
DIFFERENT.
WE
INTENTIONS TO WORK
ARE
ALL
TOGETHER.
HERE
IN
USUALLY
PHYS IClANS TALK WI TH PHYS IClANS, NURSES WI TH NURSES, PUBL IC HEALTH
SPECIALISTS
WITH
SOCIOLOGISTS
AND
POLITICAL
POLITICIANS AND POLICYMAKERS WITH THEMSELVES.
2
SCIENTISTS,
AND
BUT ALL DIMENSIONS OF
�THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS AND COMMUNITY LEADERSHIP ARE REPRESENTED IN
THIS
MEETING
OUR
PARTNERS
INSTITUTIOI~AL
ARE
REPRESENTED:
ME DI CI NE, NURSING, ADMIN ISTRAT ION, PUB LIC HE ALTH, THE ALL I ED HEALTH
FIELDS.
SCHOOL
JUDGES,
AND OUR COMMUNITY
PRINCIPALS,
MAYORS,
PARTNERS ARE
HIGH
SCHOOL
GOVERNORS
AND
PEOPLE, ALL OF YOU.
HERE AS WELL -- MIDDLE
TEACHERS,
MEMBERS
REMARKABLE!
OF
WONDERFUL!
SMALL
BUSINESS
CONGRESS
--
OWNERS,
CONCERNED
TOGETHER YOU WI LL BE
THE VANGUARD IN MOVING FORWARD, IN TANGIBLE AND GRATIFYING WAYS, THE
CONCEPT AND WISDOM OF THE COMMUNITY-BASED ACADEMIC HEALTH CENTERS TO
REDIRECT HEALTH PROFESSIONS EDUCATION.
IN THIS INITIATIVE, CARING HEALTH PROFESSIONS TEACHERS OF ALL SORTS
ARE
JOINING WITH
COMMUNITIES.
THE
COMMON
DOCTORS,
CARING
LAY
PEOPLE
FROM
ALL WALKS
OF
LIFE
IN
YOu ARE BOUND TOGETHER BY COMMITMENT, BY TRUST, AND BY
PURPOSE OF
NURSES,
BETTER
PHARMACISTS,
EDUCATING HEALTH
DENTISTS,
SERVE THE NEEDS OF PEOPLE.
3
PROFESSIONALS ---
AND ALL THE
REST --- TO
�You REPRESENT RURAL COMMUNITIES IN TENNESSEE AS WELL AS COMMUNITIES
IN THE HEART OF BOSTON AND ATLANTA.
YOU'RE FROM WEST TEXAS, HAWAII,
AND WEST VIRGINIA, AND, OF COURSE, FROM HILLMAN AND HOUGHTON LAKE IN
MY HOME STATE OF MICHIGAN -- A FOUR-HOUR DRIVE FROM LANSING
MICHIGAN'S STATE CAPITAL AND THE CLOSEST MAJOR CITY.
AS COMMUNITY LEADERS,
YOU COME
NOT ONLY FROM RURAL,
UNDERSERVED
AREAS, BUT FROM INNER CITIES FACING MAJOR HEALTH CRISES.
PROFESSIONALS,
DENTISTS,
YOU
ARE
PHARMACISTS,
DEANS,
TEACHERS,
PHYSICIANS,
RESEARCHERS,
SOCIAL WORKERS,
SPECIALISTS, AND OTHERS IN ALLIED HEALTH FIELDS.
INSTITUTIONS
AND
SMALLER
ONES,
SOME
AS HEALTH
PUBLIC
NURSES,
HEALTH
YOu REPRESENT BIG
LONG-ESTABLISHED
AND
OTHERS
RELATIVELY NEW.
TOGETHER -- IN PARTNERSHIP, COMMUNITIES AND EDUCATORS -- YOU 'LL MAKE
A DIFFERENCE.
4
�II
AS ALREADY INDICATED, MY BACKGROUND AND MY GRADUATE EDUCATION ARE IN
AGR I CULTURE.
LAYMAN"
COME TO YOU AS A LAYMAN ,
I
WHOSE
ROLE
AS
CHIEF
EXECUTIVE
HOPEFULLY AN "II'JFORMED
OFFICER
OF
A FOUNDATION
OBLIGATES ME TO BE AWARE OF ISSUES IN THE FIELD.
CURRENTLY
THE
FOUNDATION'S
HEALTH
PROGRAMMING
FOCUSES
ON
COMPREHENS I VE, HOL IST IC EFFORTS TO MEET THE HEALTH CARE AND SOC IAL
SERVI CE NEEDS OF COMUN ITY PEOPLE.
WE SEE COMMUN ITY-BASED HEALTH
SERVICES AS A CRITICAL FIRST STEP I N REACHING THAT GOAL, AND THE
FOUNDATION IS PROVIDING RESOURCES TO ENHANCE THE DELIVERY OF PRIMARY
HEALTH CARE.
ANOTHER STRATEGY INVOLVES CHANGE IN HEALTH PROFESSIONS
EDUCATION ITSELF.
MUST
BE
INVOLVED
WE BELIEVE THAT OUR HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
IN
INNOVATIVE
SOLUTIONS
TO
OUR
HEALTH
CARE
PROBLEMS, AND WE BELIEVE THAT SUCH INVOLVEMENT WILL BEST BE MADE IN
PARTNERSHIPS WITH COMMUNITIES.
5
�WITH NO PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE IN THE HEALTH FIELD, I STILL RECALL
VIVIDLY A SERIES OF uRUDE AWAKENINGS u AS I FIRST BECAME INVOLVED IN
THE FOUNDATION'S PROGRAMMING IN HEALTH.
I WAS DISMAYED, SHOCKED,
DISAPPOINTED BY MUCH OF WHAT I LEARNED OF THE INNER WORKINGS, BOTH
I N HEALTH PROFESS IONS EDUCAT ION AND PRACT ICE .
WH I LE THERE IS MUCH
TO BE ADMIRED AI'JD PRAISED, CERTAII'J STARK REALITIES TARNISHED AND
ERODED THE PINNACLE I N MY MIND UPON WH ICH I HAD PLACED THE HEALTH
PROFESSIONS.
I'VE TRIED TO LEARN WISELY AND TO CAREFULLY PLACE THE
VARIOUS COMPONENTS IN PROPER PERSPECTIVE AND BALANCE.
IN SO DOING,
I HAVE HAD TO LEARN THE LEXICON OF THE HOSPITAL HALLWAYS AND THE
DIFFERENCES
BETWEEN
RADIOLOGY
AND · RHEUMATOLOGY;
TO
RECOGNIZE
A
uTHIRD PARTY PAYOR u WHEN I SEE ONE; TO UNDERSTAND THAT uFOUR-HANDED
DENTISTRY u DOESN'T REFER TO A CLUMSY PRACTITIONER OR A CARNIVAL
FREAK;
AND
TO
APPRECIATE
A CAREER
LADDER
IN
POTENT IAL OF NURSE-MANAGED HEALTH CARE FAC I LI TIES.
NURSING
AND
THE
I SEE SOME OF
YOU SMILING FOR MANY OF YOU ARE LEARNING NOW JUST AS I HAVE LEARNED.
6
�ACTUALLY I MUST CONFESS THAT I BRING SOME BAGGAGE TO THIS MEETING IN
OUR NATION'S CAPITAL.
I GREW UP ON A FARM IN WEST CENTRAL MICHIGAN,
NOT REALLY "RURAL" BECAUSE THE HOMEPLACE IS NOW PART OF A SUBURB OF
GRAND RAPIDS, BUT A FARM NONETHELESS AND IN A FAMILY WHICH ENJOYED
FOR YEARS THE SPLENDID SERVICES OF A COUNTRY DOCTOR, DR.
VYN.
JAY D.
HIS WIFE WAS HIS NURSE/RECEPTIONIST; LATER HIS DAUGHTER SERVED
IN THAT ROLE ALSO.
THEY WORKED TOGETHER IN HARMONY -- WE NOW CALL
THAT JOINT PRACTICE -- SUPPORTIVE OF EACH OTHER, THE PATIENT, THE
FAMILY.
I AM NOT A NOSTALGIA BUFF, YEARNING FOR THE GOOD OLD DAYS
~
-- A RETURN TO THE OUTHOUSE, TUBERCULOSIS, AND BLOOD LETTING -- BUT
THERE WERE SOME THINGS IN THAT ERA WHICH SHOULD STILL SERVE US WELL
TODAY.
BUT PERHAPS MY BEST QUALIFICATION FOR BEING HERE IS NOT THAT OF A
FOUNDATION EXECUTIVE, BUT SIMPLY A LAYMAN -- A SON, HUSBAND, PARENT,
CONCERNED CITIZEN.
I HAVE BEEN BLESSED WITH GOOD HEALTH AND SO MY
DIRECT EXPERIENCES WITH THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM HAVE BEEN MINIMAL.
7
�BUT IHAVE HAD MORE THAN ENOUGH OPPORTUN
ITY TO BE DEEPLY INVOLVED EMOT
IONALLY AND IN EVERY OTHER
-IN MY RESPONS
IB
IL
IT
IES AND
~ A
RELAT
IONSH
IPS W
ITH BROTHERS AND S
ISTERS
, PARENTS
, FR
IENDS
.
I HAVE SPENT MORE HOURS THAN I CARE TO REMEMBER AT A HOSP
ITAL
BEDS
IDE
, LEAN
ING ON THE WALL
ENDLESSLY IN A WA
IT
ING
OF A HOSP
ITAL CORR
IDOR
, S
ITT
ING
ROOM
.
I HAVE
SOUGHT INFORMAT
ION AND
ASS
ISTANCE IN EVERY CONCE
IVABLE WAY -ASK
ING
, BEGG
ING
, CA
JOL
ING
,
THREATEN
ING -TO GET A T
IDB
IT OF INFORMAT
ION
, A GL
IMPSE OF THE
TRUTH
, A GLI
MMER OF UNDERSTANDI
NG
.
TR
IUMPHS
AND
TRAGED
IES
,
I HAVE EXPERI
ENCED I
TALL -
COMPASS
lON
,
ARROGANCE
,
SELFLESSNESS
,
I
NSENSIT
I
VE CALLOUSNESS
, BOTH THE BRI
LLI
ANCE AND THE PETTI
NESS OF
THE CAR
ING PROFESS
IONS YOU REPRESENT
.
THAT
OF
A CONCERNED
sO THE PERSPECT
IVE IBR
ING IS
IND
IV
IDUAL
, A GRATEFUL
BENEF
IC
IARY
,
A
CONSTRUCT
IVE CR
IT
IC
, AN EAGER PART
IC
IPANT IN THE UNEND
ING PROCESS OF
MAK
ING THE SUPERB HEALTH SYSTEM AND S
ITUAT
ION WE HAVE TODAY EVEN
MORE RESPONS
IVE
, EFFECT
IVE
, SAT
ISFY
ING -AND AVA
ILABLE TO ALL
.
8
�W. K.
KELLOGG, THE MAN WHO STARTED OUR FOUNDATION, SAID IT WELL,
"EDUCATION OFFERS THE GREATEST OPPORTUNITY FOR REALLY IMPROVING ONE
GENERATION OVER ANOTHER."
THOSE OF YOU WHO ARE EDUCATORS ARE VITAL
PARTICIPAI\JTS
IN THE SELECTION AND MOLDING OF PHYSICIANS,
NURSES,
PHARMAC ISTS,
DENT I STS,
OF
THE
THE CHARACTER,
THE
FUTURE.
ULTIMATELY,
PERSONALITY,
OTHER
HEALTH
PROFESS IONALS
YOU INFLUENCE THE SHAPE,
THE VALUES,
HEALTH CARE SYSTEM.
AND
THE MORALITY OF THAT WHICH WE CALL OUR
THOSE OF YOU WHO ARE LAY PERSONS, AS I AM, WILL
NOW SHARE IN THIS HUMBLING RESPONSIBILITY.
FOR THOSE OF YOU IN THE AUDIENCE NEW TO THE COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS
INITIATIVE, YOU MAY ASK WHY AND HOW THE KELLOGG FOUNDATION DEVELOPED
THIS INITIATIVE.
THIS EFFORT DID NOT START WHEN WE ANNOUNCED OUR
GRANT OF 47.5 MILLION DOLLARS LAST JUNE.
IT BEGAN 5 YEARS AGO WHEN
WE ASKED OURSELVES, HOW CAN A FOUNDATION LIKE OURS --HELP TO IMPROVE
OUR HEALTH CARE SYSTEM?
THE QUESTION,
AS A LOGICAL FIRST STEP, WE THEN PURSUED
"IF WE COULD DESIGN
9
IT,
WHAT KIND OF HEALTH CARE
�ARRANGEMENT WOULD WE LIKE FOR OUR FAMILIES AND OUR NEIGHBORHOODS?N
THIS
IS
NOT
ASKING OF
LEADERS
AN
IDLE
MYSELF,
IN
THE
OR
IMPULSIVE
MEMBERS OF
HEALTH
OUR
FOUNDATION
PROFESSIONS
F I NALLY CONCLUDED THAT IDEALLY,
MY FAMILY
QUESTION;
FOR
A
IT
IS
ONE
PROGRAM
NUMBER
OF
SPEAK I NG FOR MYSE LF ,
AFFILIATED WITH A SMALL TEAM OF
I'VE
STAFF,
AND OF
YEARS.
I
BEEN
I'VE
WOULD HAVE
PROFESSIONALS -- PERHAPS
SOME COMBINATION OF PRIMARY CARE PHYSICIANS AND NURSE PRACTITIONERS,
ONE OR MORE DENTISTS,
PERSONNEL
TH I S
IN
GROUP
NURSING,
WOULD
AND
HOSPITALS
WITH A RECEPTIONIST/BOOKKEEPER,
SOCIAL
HAVE
WORK,
AND
APPROPR I ATE
REFERRAL
THE
ALLIED
PR I VI LEGES
ARRANGEMENTS
OTHER SUPPORT
HEALTH
WITH
WITH
FIELDS.
COMMUN I TY
SPECIALISTS.
PHILOSOPHICALLY THE GROUP WOULD BE COMMITTED TO A PROGRAM OF HEALTH
PROMOTION AND DISEASE
TREATMENT
OF
ILLNESS.
PREVENTION OR
NOw
LET'S
MODEL.
10
HEALTH
TAKE
A
MAINTENANCE,
MOMENT
TO
AS WELL AS
CONSIDER
THIS
�FIRST, THE CORE OF THE GROUP WOULD BE A PRIMARY CARE TEAM CONCERNED
WITH THE INDIVIDUAL AND WITH THE FAMILY.
WHEN ONE MEMBER OF THE
PRIMARY CARE TEAM WAS AWAY, THE PATIENT WOULD BE COVERED BY OTHER
MEMBERS
OF
THE
TEAM.
WHEN
WARRANTED,
THESE
PRACTIONERS
WOULD
INVOLVE APPROPRIATE SPECIALISTS FOR CONSULTATION AND/OR TREATMENT.
PHYSICIANS WOULD WORK IN HARMONY WITH NURSE PRACTIONERS.
VERY OFTEN
MY
TIME OF
MINOR
COMPLAINTS DO NOT
BOARD-CERTIFIED SPECIALIST.
REQUIRE
THE
ATTENTION
OR
A
I AM QUITE CONTENT TO BE TREATED BY A
COMPETENT NURSE PRACTITIONER, WITH CONFIDENCE THAT IF SHE IDENTIFIES
A PROBLEM
THAT
REQUIRES
PHYSICIAN
COLLEAGUE.
INEXCUSABLE,
THAT
PROVIDED
FEW
HEALTH
SO
CARE.
MOD I FICAT ION.
THE
IT
FURTHER -EXPERTISE,
SEEMS
TO
ME
COMPETENCE
OF
THE
OPPORTUNITIES
THE
PUBLIC,
I
SHE
WILL
INVOLVE
DEPLORABLE,
NURSING
IN
FACT
PROFESSION
TO
CONTRIBUTE
MAXIMALLY
AM
CONVINCED,
WOULD
TO
WELCOME
A
IS
HUMAN
SUCH
THE PROBLEM LIES NOT WI TH THE CONSUMERS, BUT I N THE
PROFESSIONS AND THEIR WORKING RELATIONSHIPS, OR LACK THEREOF.
11
�WITHIN THE TEAM, PRIMARY CARE PRACTITIONERS WOULD CONTRIBUTE THEIR
APPROPRIATE SPECIALTIES TO THE GROUP ENTERPRISE, AS WOULD THE OTHER
HEALTH
PROFESSIONALS.
UNDERSTAND
WHY
AND THE
DENTISTRY
IS
DENTISTS?
PRACTICED
AS
IN
A LAYMAN,
ISOLATION
--
I DON'T
PERHAPS
SPLENDID ISOLATION -- BUT NONETHELESS ISOLATION FROM THE MAINSTREAM
OF THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM.
THE PROBLEMS OF MY TEETH AND MY MOUTH
ARE NOT ISOLATED FROM THE REST OF ME, AND I BELIEVE, CAN HAVE AN
IMPACT THROUGHOUT THE BODY.
ADDRESS THE
IDIOSYNCRASY
THUS, THE FAILURE OF THE PROFESSION TO
IN
THE
PRESENT
PATTERN OF
PRACTICE
IS
DIFFICULT TO FATHOM.
AND THE EMPHASIS ON HEALTH PROMOTION AND DISEASE PREVENTION?
YOu IN
THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS HAVE DESIGNED A SYSTEM WHICH COMPENSATES YOU
ONLY
FOR THE TREATMENT OF
MY
ILLNESS OR
INJURY.
I
CAN
ENGAGE
SPECIALISTS TO DESIGN AND IMPLEMENT A PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
FOR
MY AIR
CONDITIONER AT HOME,
MACHINE AT MY OFFICE.
OR THE
ELEVATOR OR DUPLICATING
OR -- CLOSER TO OUR TOPIC TODAY -- I CAN
12
�CONTRACT WITH
MY VETERINARIAN
HORSES.
SUCH
IN
A
FOR A HERD HEALTH
CONTRACTUAL
ARRANGEMENT,
PROGRAM
I
FOR MY
ALWAYS
HAVE
RESPONSIBILITIES WHICH I MUST FULFILL IF THAT CONTRACT IS TO REMAIN
VALID.
GROUP
IN SIMILAR FASHION, I WOULD LIKE TO COMPENSATE A HEALTH CARE
FOR
THE
PARTICIPATION
RESPONSIBILITIES,
DESIGN
AND
AND
CONTINUED
FULFILLMENT
MONITORING,
OF
MY
WITH
MY
OBLIGATIONS
FULL
AND
OF A MAINTENANCE CONTRACT FOR MY MOST PRECIOUS
POSSESSION -- MY HEALTH AND THAT OF MY FAMILY.
III
AT THE FOUNDATION, WE BEGAN TO ASK OURSELVES AND OUTSIDE EXPERTS:
"WHY
HAVE
THE
HEALTH
PROFESSIONS
BEEN
SO
UNIMAGINATIVE,
SO
UNCREATIVE, SO UNRESPONSIVE IN THIS AREA?"
GROWING OUT OF THESE DELIBERATIONS,
COMMUNITY-BASED HEALTH
SERVICES,
13
OUR PROGRAMMING FOCUS BECAME
PROJECTS
LINKING PEOPLE
IN NEED
�W
ITH PROFESS
IONAL EXPERT
ISE
, AND FROM WH
ICH GRASSROOTS LESSONS M
IGHT
HELP
SHAPE
D
IRECT
IONS
FOR
THE
SYSTEM
.
CLEARLY
,
LONG
-TERM
IMPROVEMENT DEPENDS
, IN PART
, ON RED
IRECT
ION OF THE WAY WE EDUCATE
HEALTH PROFESS
IONALS
.
so WE ESTABLISHED -IN BROAD GU
IDEL
INES -
OUR COMMUN
ITY PARTNERSH
IPS W
ITH HPE IN
IT
IAT
IVE
.
A LETTER OF INV
ITAT
ION WENT OUT AND AN INFORMAT
IONAL SESS
ION WAS
HELD IN CH
ICAGO IN 1989
. WE SHARED W
ITH THE AUD
IENCE OUR CONCERNS
ABOUT HEALTH CARE IN AMER
ICA AND THE ROLE OF HEALTH EDUCATORS
.
NEARLY 7
0
0 PEOPLE ATTENDED THAT MEET
ING
; MOST HEALTH PROFESS
IONS
SCHOOLS IN THE NAT
ION WERE
S N~
WE RECE
IVED 1
10 PROPOSALS
.
FROM THAT POOL OF IDEAS
,1
5F
INAL
ISTS WERE SELECTED
. FOR 1
8 MONTHS
,
EDUCATORS AND COMMUN
ITY LEADERS INVOLVED IN THESE 1
5 LOCAT
IONS
WORKED TOGETHER TO EXPLORE AND FASH
ION COMMUN
ITY PARTNERSH
IP PLANS
.
MANY OF YOU IN TH
IS ROOM
, GAVE UP NEARLY 5 WEEKS OF YOUR T
IME TO
ATTEND MEET
INGS AWAY FROM HOME
.
RECE
IVED
AND
S
ITE V
IS
ITS
LAST JUNE
, AFTER PROPOSALS WERE
CONDUCTED
,
14
SEVEN OF
THE
COMMUN
ITY
�PARTNERSHIPS WERE AWARDED 6 MILLION DOLLARS EACH.
TON IGHT REPRESENT THOSE 7 PARTNERSH I PS.
MOST OF YOU HERE
YOU HAD PROVED THAT YOU
WERE READY TO WORK TOGETHER IN A UNIQUE AND POTENTIALLY FAR REACHING
MANNER -- PEOPLE AND INSTITUTIONS COMING TOGETHER TO CREATE PRIMARY
HEALTH CARE TEACHING CENTER S AND TO DELIVER QUALITY, COMPREHENSIVE,
INTERDISCIPLINARY HEALTH CARE.
WE ARE ASKED SO OFTEN WHAT WE MEAN BY PRIMARY HEALTH CARE, PROBABLY
BECAUSE IT MEANS SO MANY THINGS THAT IT MEANS SO LITTLE.
I AM NOT
GOING TO HELP WITH THE DEFINITIONAL PROBLEM, BUT I WOULD LIKE TO
REFLECT
ON
A FEW
THINGS
THAT
ARE
IMPORTANT
FROM
MY
LAYMAN'S
PERSPECTIVE -- AND I SUSPECT TO MOST PEOPLE AS WELL.
2400
YEARS
DISCONTINUITY
AGO,
THE
GREEK
IN MEDICAL CARE
HI STOR IAN
HERODOTUS
IN HIS NATIVE
"EACH PHYSICIAN TREATETH ONE PART AND NOT MORE.
15
LAND.
PERCE I VED
HE
A
LAMENTED,
AND EVERYWHERE IS
�FULL OF PHYS
IC
IANS
; FOR SOME PROFESS
T
~ S L
S
PHYS
IC
IANS OF THE
EYES
, AND OTHER THE HEAD
, OTHERS THE TEETH
, AND OTHERS OF THE PARTS
OF THE BELLY
, AND OTHERS OF OBSCURE S
ICKNESSES
.
"
HERODOTUS WAS CORRECT IN H
IS V
IEW THAT A D
ISCONT
INU
ITY OF CARE CAN
RESULT FROM THE TREND TOWARD OVERSPEC
IAL
IZAT
ION
.
HEALTH CARE
,
OFFERED OR PROVI
DED IN AFRAGMENTED F
ASHION
, IS D
I
FFI
CULT TO DEAL
W
ITH
IN ITSELF BUT THE PROBLEM GOES DEEPER
.
OFTEN ACCOMPANY
ING
SPEC
IAL
IZED CARE ISTHE PROBLEM OF TRANSFERR
ING INFORMAT
ION BETWEEN
CARE PROV
IDERS WHO UNW
ITT
INGLY
, OR WORSE
,
KNOW
INGLY
, INH
IB
IT THE
PAT
IENT
'S ACCESS TO COMPREHENS
IVE CARE
.
I
'LL USE A PERSONAL EXAMPLE TO ILLUSTRATE WHAT I MEAN
.
By THE T
IME
MY MOTHER REACHED HER M
ID
7
0S
, SHE HAD SEVERAL D
IFFERENT HEALTH
PROBLEMS
, INCLUD
ING CANCER AND COMPL
ICAT
IONS FROM A SER
IES OF
STROKES
.
IN THE COURSE OF HER CANCER TREATMENT/ SHE WAS SHUNTED
16
�FROM ONE SPEC
IAL
IST TO ANOTHER
,
FROM INTERN
IST TO SURGEON TO
RAD
IOLOG
IST TO ONCOLOG
IST
, NONE OF WHOM REALLY TOOK A COMPREHENS
IVE
LOOK AT HER PROBLEMS IN ORDER TO ASSESS HER OVERALL COND
IT
ION
.
THE
INTERN
IST WHO IN
IT
IALLY D
IAGNOSED THE PROBLEMS REFUSED TO CONT
INUE
AS HER PR
IMARY CARE PHYS
IC
IAN
, SO BY DEFAULT THE RESPONS
IB
IL
ITY FOR
F
IND
ING A NEW DOCTOR CAME BACK TO MY MOTHER AND OUR FAM
ILY
.
ENCOUNTERED ANOTHER STUMBLI
NG BLOCK
WE
A GREAT RELUCTANCE
, AND AT
T
IMES
, REFUSAL OF SEVERAL DOCTORS TO TRANSFER MED
ICAL RECORDS OF THE
CARE THEY GAVE MY MOTHER TO OTHER PHYS
IC
IANS WHO ALSO WERE TREAT
ING
HER
.
CONSEQUENTLY
,
EXAM
INAT
IONS
,
TESTS
,
AND
PROCEDURES
~
DUPL
ICATED UNNECESSAR
ILY
, AT INCONVEN
IENCE
,D
ISCOMFORT
, AND COST
.
I
UNDERSTAND THE REASONS G
IVEN
, BUT I DO NOT ACCEPT THE F
INAL RESULT
AS ADEQUATE OR DEFENS
IBLE
.
ISNOT AN ISOLATED ONE
.
THERE MUST BE BETTER WAYS
.
TH
IS EXAMPLE
FR
IENDS AND ASSOC
IATES HAVE TOLD ME S
IM
ILAR
STOR
IES
, AND YOU CAN SURELY ADD ANECDOTES OF YOUR OWN
.
17
�OVERSPEC
IAL
IZAT
ION AND A LACK OF CONT
INU
ITY IN CARE ARE NOT PROBLEMS
CONFI
NED
TO
OBSERVERS
THE
CONTEND
,
PRACTI
CE
HAS
OF
MEDI
C
INE
.
RESULTED
FROM
SPEC
IAL
IZAT
ION
,
THE
SOME
IMPLEMENTAT
ION OF
TECHNOLOGY IN ALMOST EVERY F
IELD
, FORC
ING THE IND
IV
IDUAL TO DEAL
W
ITH
AN
EVER
INCREAS
ING NUMBER OF
PROV
IDERS OF SERV
ICE
.
THE
SPEC
IAL
IZAT
ION OF HEALTH PROFESS
IONS EDUCAT
ION AND HEALTH SERV
ICES
IS
, IN MANY WAYS
, AN AMER
ICAN ACH
IEVEMENT WE
A~
BE PROUD OF
.
BUT
AT THE SAME T
IME
, WE MUST MANAGE ITSO THAT ITDOESN
'T BECOME AN END
IN ITSELF
.
FRAGMENTED
,
IF SUCH SPEC
IAL
IZAT
ION RESULTS IN FRUSTRAT
ION AND
INCOMPLETE PAT
IENT CARE
,
IT NEEDS
RETH
INK
ING AND
REARRANG
ING
.
TH
IS PROBLEM SHOULD BE ADDRESSED BY ALL HEALTH PROFESS
IONAL SCHOOLS
,
AND PART
ICULARLY BY THE MED
ICAL SCHOOL
. THE MED
ICAL SCHOOL HAS THE
RESPONS
IB
IL
ITY OF EDUCAT
ING THE KEY MEMBER OF THE HEALTH CARE
DELI
VERY TEAM
.
THE DOCTOR HAS BEEN THE QUARTERBACK
, THE CEO
, THE
GUARD
IAN
, THE GATEKEEPER -LARGELY DETERM
IN
ING IN WHAT MANNER AND
18
�WITH
WHAT
EMPHASES
PATIENT
CARE
IS
PROVIDED.
SHE
PROBABLY REMAIN IN THIS POSITION FOR YEARS TO COME.
SHOULD
BE
TRIED.
WHAT
ABOUT
A NURSE
OR
HE
WILL
BUT NEW MODELS
QUARTERBACK,
A DENTIST
QUARTERBACK?
I HAVE A TRUE
STORY THAT
ILLUSTRATES THE
ISSUE OF
HEALTH
CARE
AVAILABILITY AND ACCESS.
NOT
LONG
MICH IGAN,
AGO
ON
A VISIT TO A COUNTY
SEAT
IN
SOUTHERN
I MET WITH A GROUP OF YOUNG DOCTORS.
I ASKED
THEM, "IF THE MAWBY FAMILY ·MOVED TO THIS AREA, COULD ANY OF
YOU TAKE US ON AS NEW PATIENTS?"
THERE WAS A QUICK CONSENSUS, "OH YES, RuSs MAWBY, CHAIRMAN
OF THE KELLOGG FOUNDATION, OF COURSE WE WILL GET YOU IN."
"NO,
NO," I SAID.
"RUSS MAWBY, OR LET'S SAY RuSS JONES,
WITH A WIFE AI\JD THREE KIDS,
TOWN."
19
LIVING ON 40 ACRES SOUTH OF
�AGAIN THERE WAS QUICK AGREEMENT,
NEW
PATIENTS.
FOR
NOW,
"NONE OF US
YOU'LL
JUST
HAVE
IS TAKING ANY
TO
GO
TO
THE
EMERGENCY ROOM AT THE HOSPITAL."
I DON'T BELIEVE THAT IS A SATISFACTORY ANSWER TO PRIMARY CARE FOR
FAMILIES;
EMERGENCY ROOM CARE
SHOULD BE FOR
EMERGENCIES,
NOT SERVE
AS A USUAL POINT OF ENTRY FOR PRIMARY CARE.
EXPERTS
KEEP
TELLING
PROBLEM
ONLY
FOR
COMMUN I TIES.
THE
ME
THAT ACCESS
URBAN
POOR
TO
AND
THAT SI MPL Y I S NOT TRUE,
HEALTH
FOR
CARE
PEOPLE
I F OUR
MEASURE
GOES BEYOND THE MOST PRIMITIVE OR BASIC STANDARD .
ALL
TYPES,
CIRCUMSTANCES,
URBAN
AND
MANY FAMILTES
RURAL,
WITHOUT
TO SATISFACTORY PRIMARY CARE ON A CONTINUING BASIS.
A SERIOUS
REMOTE
OF
RURAL
ADEQUACY
IN COMMUNITIES OF
REGARD
HAVE REAL DIFFICULTY
20
IN
IS
TO
ECONOMIC
IN GAINING ACCESS
�BUT
AS
A LAYMAN,
I
HAVE
OBSERVED THAT
HEALTH
PROFESSIONALS
PARTICULARLY PHYSICIANS, BUT TO A DEGREE ALL HEALTH PROFESSIONALS
HAVE NO PROBLEMS GAINING ACCESS TO THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM.
CHILD OR
MOTHER
OR GOOD
FRIEND NEEDS TO SEE
IF THEIR
A DOCTOR,
EVEN A
SPECIALIST WHO IS BOOKED SIX MONTHS IN ADVANCE, THERE IS NO PROBLEM
OF
ACCESS.
I SUSPECT THIS
MAY BE A FRINGE BENEFIT WHICH
EXTENDS TO HEALTH PROFESSIONS EDUCATORS.
YOU
INTO
BELIEVING
THIS
ISN'T
ALSO
BUT DON'T LET THIS LULL
A PROBLEM
FOR
THE
REST
OF
US,
REGARDLESS OF GEOGRAPHIC, CULTURAL, OR ECONOMIC CIRCUMSTANCE.
I
CAN'T
HELP
BUT
THINK
THAT
THE
VERY
PRESSING
PROBLEM
OF
MALDISTRIBUTION, AND SOME SAY SHORTAGE, OF NURSES IS ALSO DIRECTLY
RELATED TO HEALTH PROFESSIONS EDUCATION ISSUES -- ESPECIALLY MEDICAL
EDUCATION.
AS A LAYMAN,
I CAN'T UNDERSTAND OR SYMPATHIZE OR HAVE
PATIENCE WITH THE KINDS OF "PROFESSIONAL SNOBBERY" WHICH SEPARATE
THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS IN EDUCATIONAL AND CLINICAL SETTINGS.
21
I DO
�NOT UNDERSTAND THE RELUCTANCE OF THE MED
ICAL PROFESS
ION AND MED
ICAL
SCHOOLS TO TAKE A MORE
UNREAL
IZED
POTENT
IAL OF
ENL
IGHTENED V
IEW OF
NURSES AND OTHER
RECOGN
IZ
ING TH
E
NON
-PHYS
IC
IAN HEALTH
PROFESS
IONALS TO MEET HEALTH CARE NEEDS IN TH
IS COUNTRY
.
I SUSPECT
THE EL
IT
ISM AND SEPARAT
ION WH
ICH ST
ILL CHARACTER
IZE TOO MUCH OF
PHYS
IC
IAN EDUCAT
ION AND CARE W
ILL NOT BE TOLERATED MUCH LONGER
.
TH
IS
~~OUL
SEEM PART
ICULARLY TRUE AS THE PUBL
IC BETTER UNDERSTANDS
HOW SUCH PAROCH
IAL
ISM IMPEDES THE QUAL
ITY
, CHARACTER
, AVA
ILAB
IL
ITY
,
AND COST CONTROL OF CARE IN THE
IR COMMUN
IT
IES
.
H
INOVATI
VE APPROACHES MUST ENCOURAGE POCTORS
, NURSES
, DENT
ISTS
, AND
OTHER HEALTH PROFESS
IONALS TO PRACT
ICE TOGETHER MORE EFF
IC
IENTLY AND
EFFECTI
VELY
. THISINCLUDES PROVI
D
ING CARE IN UNDERSERVED AREAS AND
TO UNREACHED CL
IENTELE
, SO THAT ALL PEOPLE
, AFFLUENT
, POOR
, L
IV
ING
IN THE C
ITY AND IN THE COUNTRY
, HAVE ACCESS TO QUAL
ITY HEALTH CARE
.
22
�NOTICE I SAID QUALITY HEALTH CARE; CERTAINLY A PERSISTENT AND BASIC
CONCERN OF
ALL.
IN
RECENT YEARS,
NOT JUST
IN THE
PRACTICE OF
MEDICINE, QUALITY INCREAS INGLY HAS COME TO BE DEFINED IN TERMS OF
USING
HIGH
EQUIPMENT,
TECHNOLOGY.
PROCEDURES,
WE
PRIDE
AND SYSTEMS WHETHER
INDUSTRY, OR COMMUNICATIONS.
ON
TECHNOLOGY
CAN
OURSELVES ON
CONTRIBUTE
USING
THE
IN MEDICINE,
LATEST
THE AUTO
IN THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS OVEREMPHASIS
TO
A FAILURE
TO
NOTICE
THAT
THE
PRACTICE OF QUALITY CARE FOR COMMON AILMENTS MAY BE JUST AS GOOD OR
BETTER I N A SMALL , MODESTLY EQU I PPED CL I NIC AS I N A MAJOR MED ICAL
CENTER.
MEDICAL SCHOOLS HAVE TAKEN THE LEAD IN APPLYING HIGH TECH TO THE
PRACTICE OF MEDICINE (AS WELL THEY SHOULD) BUT THEY MUST NOT RUSH SO
FAR AHEAD THAT THEY FORGET THE HUMAN DIMENSION
THE PATIENT'S
PERCEPTION OF QUALITY WHICH OFTEN HINGES ON HOW THE DOCTOR TREATS
THE PERSON,
INDIVIDUAL
NOT JUST THE MEDICAL PROBLEM.
FACULTY
MEMBERS
THAT
23
THEY
DESPITE STATEMENTS BY
RECOGNIZE
THIS
PATIENT
�PERCEPTION OF THE QUALITY OF CARE VERSUS THE PHYSICIAN'S PERCEPTION
OF
CARE,
MOST OBSERVERS
ARE
UNABLE
TO NOTE
MUCH
EVIDENCE
OF
THAT
RECOGNITION.
IF YOU OR
NOT WALK
STAY?"
WERE TO HAVE A HEART ATTACK TODAY, OUR LOVED ONE WOULD
I NTO THE
HOSP I TAL AND ASK,
"WHAT I S THE · AVERAGE
LENGTH OF
BUT THAT YARDSTICK HAS TOO OFTEN BEEN A PRIMARY MEASURE OF
"QUALITY"
ASK,
I
IN
"IS SHE
WITH HER?
HOSPITAL
IN
MAY
PAIN?
I
SEE
REVIEI-JS.
INSTEAD,
A LOVED ONE
IS LIKELY
Is SHE BEING KEPT COMFORTABLE?
HER?"
PHYSICIANS AND
TO
IS SOMEONE
HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATORS
TEND NOT TO WORRY ENOUGH ABOUT THESE HUMAN MEASUREMENTS WHICH ARE SO
SIGNIFICANT
TO
THE
PATIENT
AND
THE
FAMILY,
AND
TO
THE
PATIENT'S
RECOVERY.
THERE IS A DEFINITE NEED FOR EDUCATORS TO GIVE AS MUCH CONSIDERATION
TO THE PATIENT'S PERSPECTIVE ON QUALITY
HEALTH
SC IENCE Ar--ID
RESEARCH.
MANY
24
IN
PRACTICE AS IT GIVES TO
RESPECTED
AUTHORITIES
HAVE
LONG
�CALLED FOR
INCLUDING
THE
HUMANITIES
AND
SOCIAL SCIENCES
IN
THE
HEALTH PROFESSIONS CURRIC ULA AS A MEANS OF INSTILLING A CONCERN FOR
HUMANE
CARE
IN
THE
BUDDING
PHYSICIAN,
DENTIST,
NURSE,
PHARMACIST.
IN THE COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS INITIATIVE,
MODELS WILL
EMERGE THAT
NATURALLY
INCLUDE
THIS
OR
I HOPE NEW
INTERDISCIPLINARY
DIMENSION AS CENTRAL TO ALL HEALTH PROFESSIONS EDUCATION.
I
CAN'T
LEAVE
OUT
A COMMENT
ABOUT
COST.
MUCH
ATTENTION IS NOW FOCUSED ON COST AND WHO PAYS.
OF
THE
POLICY
WE SPEND 12% OF THE
GNP AND IT IS GROWI NG AT A RATE GREATER THAN ' I NFLATION -- BILLIONS
AND BI LLI ONS OF DOLLARS.
WI TH COS J. AS A FOCUS,
THE "SOLUT IONS"
ABOUND -- REDUCE THE UNNECESSARY PAPERWORK; ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS
OF
VARIOUS
TECHNOLOGICAL
INTERVENTIONS;
SHIFT
CONSUMERS; LET EMPLOYERS FOOT MOST OF THE BILL.
FEES; RESTRICT HOSPITAL STAYS.
DECISIONS
TO
CONTROL PHYS ICIAN
BE MORE LIKE CANADA; BE LESS LIKE
CANADA!
OUR SYSTEM DOES INDEED COST TOO MUCH FOR WHAT WE GET AND IT
LEAVES
TOO
MANY
PEOPLE
OUT.
25
BUT
THE
FOCUS
MUST
BE
ON
�MULTIDISCIPLfNARY
MODELS--MORE
PRIMARY
CARE
PRACTITIONERS
WORKING
TOGETHER IN BETTER WAYS TO HELP KEEP PEOPLE HEALTHY, RESTORE HEALTH,
AND TO DIE WITH DIGNITY.
THE SYSTEM,
ITSELF,
MUST BE CHANGED!
THAT'S WHAT YOU ARE UP TO.
IV
THE COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS INITIATIVE
INFLUENCE
THE
HEALTH
PROFESSIONS
IS A BOLD STEP TO DIRECTLY
EDUCATION
GRADUATES FOR COMMUNITY-BASED, PRIMARY CARE.
SYSTEM
TO
PREPARE
IT IS OUR HOPE THAT
YOUR DEVELOPMENT OF THESE SEVEN NEW. MODELS -- EACH IN ITS OWN WAY -WILL ALSO CONTRIBUTE TO A BETTER, MORE AFFORDABLE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
THAT EVERYONE WILL BE ABLE TO ACCESS.
OF COURSE,
GUARANTEES THAT ALL OF YOUR COMMUNITY-BASED,
THERE ARE NO
PRIMARY CARE MODELS
WILL SUCCEED IN REDIRECTING THE HEALTH PROFESSION EDUCATION; AND THE
COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS INITIATIVE ISN'T INTENDED TO BE A SOLUTION
FOR ALL THE PROBLEMS OF OUR NATIONAL HEALTH CARE SYSTEM.
26
BUT YOU
�AND I BOTH KNm
-J OUR SOC
IETY W
ILL
AFFA
IRS
IN HEALTH
CARE
NOT PERM
IT THE PRESENT STATE OF
TO LAST FOREVER
,
AND THE PRESSURES ARE
GROW
ING UPON POL
ICYMAKERS TO F
IND SOLUT
IONS
. PERHAPS T
INKER
ING W
ITH
THE STATUS QUO AND CONDUCT
ING MODEST IN
IT
IAT
IVES AROUND THE MARG
IN
IS THE GREATEST R
ISK OF ALL -THE R
ISK THAT NOTH
ING W
ILL
CHANGE
WHEN SO MUCH ISNEEDED
.
ELECTED OFF IC
IALS AND POLICYMAKERS
, RURAL FOLK AND C
ITY FOLK
, THE
YOUNG AND THE ELDERLY
, THE UNDERSERVED POOR AND THE UPPER M
IDDLE
CLASS
,
WE
ARE
ALL
COUNT
ING
M
ICH
IGAN
, WEST V
IRG
IN
IA
,
ON
A~ AII
YOU
.
TENNESSEE
,
MASSACHUSETTS
,
TEXAS
, GEORG
IA -I KNOW YOU W
ILL
DO IT
. I FULLY EXPECT H
ISTOR
IANS TO LOOK BACK FROM THE YEAR
AND MARK SEPTEMBER
1991 AS THE
2020
BEG
INN
ING OF B
IG CHANGE IN THE HEALTH
CARE F
IELD
!
1
0
8
0C
27
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1991-09-11_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Community Partnerships in Health Professions Education Policy Conference
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given September 11, 1991 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the conference for Community Partnerships in Health Professions Education Policy.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Education
Health
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1991-09-11
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/590c48924551a15f8ad0ca08cf375bb8.pdf
e01c78d1958fd846f793677569e366a3
PDF Text
Text
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/
�problems.
Dwindling natural resources, an uncertain economy, growing
demands for human services, and unsettled international relationships
only compound the need to work together.
It is reassuring to note that such public-private cooperation is
a part of our heritage.
Virtually every function currently performed
by various governmental units was once a ne\v idea or experiment of the
private sector -- roads, public works, health services, education,
welfare, and care of the a cied.
The pages of our history are full of
the exploits and a ch i ev ement s of militiamen during the AIT.erican Revolution, volunteer firemen, a nd groups of citizens who joined together to
build schools, hospitc:ls ,and parks, or to provide for the sick and
/
poor of their communiti e s.
Almost 135 years ago, Frenchman Al e x i s de Tocqueville observed
that Americans are quid, to form neighborhood groups and cormni ttee s to
address co mmunity needs a nd p r ob Lerns wi thout relying on any official
agency or bureauc racy.
Commenting on the contemporary scene, soc ial
scientist Margaret Mead recently noted:
We live in a s oc i e t y t hat alway s has dep ended on volunteers o f
different kinds -- some who can give money , others who give t ime,
and a great many who f r e e l y give their special s kil l s ... alm ost
anyth ing that really matters to us, anything t ha t embodies our
deepest commitment to the way human life should be live d an d
cared for, depends on some fo rm -- more often many forms -- of
volunteerism.
Our nation's publi c and private sectors, including hospitals, museums,
soci al agencies, youth s e r v i ng organizations, schools, universities,
and churches, dep end heavily on some $35 billion ea ch year in voluntary
co ntributions .
At least an equal amount is repres euted in t he va lue
of voluntary s e rvic es don ated a nnua lly by mi l l i oDs of Ame ri cans .
Yet,
individual giving of time, talent, and money has be en de clin i ng in
I
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THE COMMUN
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LD BE
A PLANNER AND COORD
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.
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By he
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8
THE
COMMUN
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~
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our only "option" to over-dependence on
An importanL les son, learned many times over Bince
Cente nnial's farm ers anG Lan che r s carved out a society on th e banks of
the Pl atte River 150 years ago, is that people can d0 much by working
togetb er to improve their own individual and collective condition.
With such a commitment, our unique American experiment in democracy
will continue to hold me aning and promise for the generations which
follow us.
�w.
K. KELLOGG FOUNDATION
400 North Avenue, Battle Creek, Michigan 49076
Telephone (616) 965-1221
NEWS
JAMES M. RICHMOND, Direct or of Communic ations
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
September 18, 1978
MAWBY URGES COMMUNITY FOUNDATIONS
TO EXAMINE PURPOSE, ROLE
The role of private philanthropy in American society continues to
erode, and foundations must guard against complacency resulting from
their generally favorable public image during the past decade,
Dr. Russell G. Mawby, president of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation, said
September 13th.
Speaking to some 65 Michigan community foundation representatives
at a seminar in Kalamazoo, Dr. Mawby noted that "the only private
foundations in tomorrow's world already exist today.
Under current
tax law, the birth rate of new foundations is virtually zero."
Unless there are modifications in the 1969 Tax Reform Act, which
established complex accountin g, reporting, and pay-out requirements
for all foundations, more and more existing foundations will cease to
function, Mawby claimed.
Those suffering the most will be the smaller
private family foundations whose primary contributions are to local
philanthropy.
"Beset by the complexities of conformance with the 1969 Tax
Reporm Act the only course for many of these family foundations will
either be dissolution or, of somewhat less negative consequence to
(more)
�Add One
philanthropy, transference of assets to a community foundation.
Nonetheless, they may well pass from the private foundation scene,"
Mawby said.
There are signs, however, that American citizens are resisting
increased taxation and regulation by government, and are returning to
the belief in a balance between necessary governmental services, and
the flexibility and responsiveness that characterizes private sector
initiatives to solving human problems.
tion of this change
He asserted that one indica-
is the recent referendums and legislation in many
states aimed at controlling government spending and taxes.
Citing the different roles of the business, governmental, and
private sectors, Mawby observed that America's hospitals, museums,
social agencies, youth service organizations, schools, universities,
and churches depend heavily on some $35 billion each year in voluntary
contributions.
At least an equal amount is represented in the value
of voluntary services donated annually by millions of Americans.
This private sector "is our only 'option' to over-dependence
on government," he added.
"Foundations are a part of and a special source of support and
encouragement for such private initiative," he said.
"They provide
'risk capital' for new private sector approaches to solving social
problems.
And while foundations accounted for only 5.7 percent, or
$2 billion, of voluntary giving in 1977, their impact is substantial."
There are approximately 25,000 private grant-making foundations
in the United States.
Yet, only a handful of this number, such as the
(more)
�Add Two
Ford, Rockefeller, Mott, and Kellogg foundations, have large
assets and professional staffs.
Some 22,500 foundations have assets
of less than $1 million.
"While the big few may be the most newsworthy in view of the
media, the 'quiet majority' of the private foundation world are conscientiously pursuing their respective and diverse activities in their
individual communities.
And to the people of those communities
large and small, in every state -- and to the private voluntary
organizations and institutions which serve local needs, the
contributions of these quiet foundations are vital indeed," he
asserted.
Mawby's audience of community foundation representatives were
attending a two-day workshop sponsored by the Council of Michigan
Foundations and the Council on Foundations.
He urged participants to
continue working through such associations to improve the administration of their own foundations;
to better define their philanthropic
missions in society; and to improve their foundations' visibility and
public image.
As contrasted with private and corporate foundations, community
foundations are characterized by multiple sources of funding, by
boards of trustees selected to represent the public interest in their
communities, and by a local or regional focus in their giving.
Because of their unique status in private philanthropy, the
27 community foundations in Michigan, and 219 nationwide, face both
(more)
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Add Four
and private sectors and how well they work together to find realistic
solutions to society's problems.
Dwindling natural resources, an
uncertain economy, growing demands for human services, and unsettled
international relationships only compound this need.
He added that whether such a balance between the public and
private sectors is achieved will depend in part on public policy decisions, including tax legislation, which either promote or discourage
private initiative for the public good.
"An important lesson, learned many times over in our nation's
history, is that people can do much by working together to improve
their own individual and collective condition.
stone of our society's private sector.
That is the corner-
With a commitment to that
principle, our unique American experiment in democracy will continue
to hold meaning and promise for the generations which follow us,"
he concluded.
/I
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Identifier
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JCPA-01
Coverage
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1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1978-09-13_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Today's Foundation in Tomorrow's World
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given September 13, 1978 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation on the Council of Michigan Foundations.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1978-09-13
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/59fba781bd4fb932b6fc2efc1ce3c163.pdf
0efaaf6b28104a2796476522a9e3c52a
PDF Text
Text
Remarks by Dr. Russell G. Mawby, President
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Battle Creek, Michigan, USA
September 14, 1981
Institute for Food Chemistry and Technology
University of Helsinki, Finland
I am delighted to be here today for this special ceremony
which recognizes the cooperative efforts of the many
individuals and organizations who have assisted the University
of Helsinki in developing its impressive programs in food
science.
I bring official greetings and good wishes from
the Board of Trustees of the Foundation as well as myself,
and I of course convey to you also special greetings from
Dr. Gary W. King.
The W. K. Kellogg Foundation very much appreciates its
association of nearly two decades with the University and
we have been pleased to contribute to the important work
of the University and to that of other institutions In
your country.
We are grateful for your generous recognition
of the role our Foundation has been privileged to play.
�While this is not my first trip to your beautiful country,
it is Ruth's first opportunity to be here more than briefly.
It is always a special occasion to visit Finland and share
in your strong sense of purpose and joy of living.
Ruth and I have spent two delightful weeks, thanks to the
generous hospitality of many Finnish friends.
We were
honored to have Dr. Koivistoinen visit us In Battle Creek
last summer.
That visit also gave me an opportunity to
show Dr. Koivistoinen my own small farm at Hickory Corners,
Michigan.
We now have had an opportunity to visit his
strawberry farm in Suonenjoki, to spend delightful days in
the North, and to enjoy days with friends -- old and
new -- In Helsinki.
This trip has also provided me with an opportunity to
visit with leaders of the various programs which have
received Kellogg Foundation support in Finland including
2
�the National Research Council for Agriculture and Forestry's
fellowship program; the Finnish 4-H Federation's program
to train professionals and youth leaders of 4-H groups;
and the Martha Organization's program to strengthen its
work in home economics educ ation with particular attention
to the problems of young families.
As you may know, the Kellogg Foundation was founded by
breakfast cereal pioneer W. K. Kellogg in 1930.
He was an
extremely succ essful businessman whose company has expanded
worldwide, including the production and marketing of
cornflakes and other products here in Finland and in other
European countries.
Mr. Kellogg gave his personal fortune
to the Kellogg Foundation, and in the past 51 years the
Foundation has made grants of nearly $600 million for
projects in health, education, and agriculture on four
continents.
3
�The Foundation's programming is quite broad today.
However,
Mr. Kellogg's first concern was with people and he often
observed that, above all other concerns, agriculture is
the basic, critical human enterprise. Consequently, the
Foundation which bears his name has long sought to encourage
agricultural sciences and technology and their application.
We realize, as did Mr. Kellogg, that without attention and
success in food production, processing, and distribution,
many of society's achievements in health care, education,
the arts, and other areas which contribute to betterment
of the human condition would not be possible.
People must
be nourished with good food in order to survive and prosper,
to live a good life -- this challenge remains the most
demanding concern of our world as we move toward the
threshold of the next century.
The Kellogg Foundation has made grants of nearly U.S. $2.5
million in Finland since 1963, and nearly one-third of
4
�that has been for support of the University's Institute
for Food Chemistry and Technology.
Our original grant in
1964 was to assist the University in establishing the
Institute.
At that time, expanded training programs in
food science and technology were judged to be a high
priority need for Finland by University officials and
members of your National Research Council for Agriculture
and Forestry.
We were pleased to extend Foundation support in 1976 to
increase the Institute's programs to develop new specialties
ln the curriculum, and to make possible new teaching
positions in the Institute.
Over that span of time, the
Institute has developed a remarkable record of University,
governmental, and business support to carry forward its
important food science work in research and teaching.
We
have been impressed indeed with the character and quality
of the various activities being pursued by the Institute
5
�as well as its wide range of support from the University,
governmental sources, and from Finnish industry. This
ceremony today is one more indication of how successful
you have been in achieving, and recognizing, these important
ties between public and private endeavors and purposes.
My compliments to the University and the Institute for
hosting the International Symposium on the role of food
science and technology.
I am certain that one long term r e s u l t of the symposium
will be to make research and teaching programs more r elevant
to the needs of the food industry and the consuming public.
It is good to see that the symposium includes participants
from widely varied positions of responsibility, but with
common conc erns and goals.
6
�On behalf of the Kellogg Foundation, I salute you and your
achievements, and thank you for the special relationship s
we enjoy and cherish.
7
�August 28, 1981
(t1 /JC.-t
The W. K. Kellogg Foundation of Battle Creek, Michigan
its first grants i n Finland in 1963.
___ -e
(USA)~
made
1 )-
Working with the National Research
Council for Agriculture and Forestry, the Foundation provided fellowships
for graduate study.
Young professionals in agriculture and forestry
received awards for advanced work in their special fields at U.S.
colleges and universities.
This program ended in 1972.
Finnish Fellows participated in the program.
Thirty-one
They now hold positions
of leadership in Finnish universities, research institlttes, and private
industry.
In 1965, the Foundation assisted the University in establishing
-t he Institute for Food Chemistry and Technology through a five-year
grant for $261,809.
The Institute has trained professionals .
food industry, and has conducted internationally-recognized research
in this field.
In 1977, a second Foundation grant of $467,656 provided
assistance forAstrengthening the curriculum of the Institute.
Other W. K. Kellogg Foundation grants in Finland include:
In 1968, $143,700 over five years to the University of Helsinki
to establish the Center for Extension Education and Inservice
Training.
This Center, located in the Faculty of Agriculture
and Forestry, is now part of regular University operations.
1'7S ;l....
In 1971,
~,500
to the National Research Council for Agriculture
and Forestry, for additional fellowships for young professionals
in the two fields.
The program is still continuing.
Seventy-three
additional fellows have participated, for a total of 104.
- In 1974, $258,000 to the Finnish
4-H
Federation for training of
professionals and young leaders of 4-H Clubs in Finland.
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Identifier
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JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1981-09-14_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech at the Institute for Food Chemistry and Technology
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given September 14, 1981 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Institute for Food Chemistry at the University of Helsinki to discuss their programs in food science.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Agriculture
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1981-09-14
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/1911bcb727f0ac05ce23c195bd6fad3d.pdf
1f48179d12f5bd648b905b56dc83fa72
PDF Text
Text
RGM Notes for Round Table Discussion on
Corporate Philanthropy at Mi we s t U.S.-Japan
Conference , Grand Ra id~, M - Se Rt e rnbe r 14 , 1993
-+
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�CORPORA TE PHILANTHROPY
MIDWEST U.S. / JAPAN CONFERENCE
Sponsored by Michigan & Japan Foundation
September 14, 1993
Amway Grand Plaza Hotel
I. HISTORY OF PHILANTHROPY IN AMERICA
I think it is important that when we talk of philanthropy, that
we realize we are talking about much more than the giving away
of financial resources. It also refers to the giving of our time, or
what we as Americans refer to as volunteerism.
The individual and combined volunteer actions of thousands of
unnamed citizens have had an impact on American society.
These actions were of citizens who became involved, not because
�-2-
of coercion or profit, but because they recognized a need and
were willing to take responsibility for meeting that need.
Volunteering is so pervasive in America that it can be observed
daily in almost every aspect of life. From people donating blood,
Christmas caroling in hospitals, running Parent·Teacher
Associations, serving as volunteer firemen, to helping our retired
neighbor cut their grass.
Volunteerism is crucial to a functioning democracy because it
mobilizes enormous energy. The more citizens become involved in
volunteerisrn, the closer they come to making the ideals of
democracy real. Philanthropy is both an expression of patriotism
in a pure sense and the means by which a democratic society
remains "bv the people.
II
�-3-
The White House Task Force on Private Sector Initiatives stated
in 1982:
A volunteer is a person who can see what others
cannot see; who can feel what most do not feel.
Often, such gifted persons do not think of themselves
as volunteers, but citizens . citizens in the fullest
sense; partners in civilization.
II. CORPORA TE PHILANTHROPY
Corporate Philanthropy is an integral part of corporate social
responsibility. Corporations need to recognize philanthropy both
as good business and as an obligation if they are to be
considered responsible corporate citizens of the national and local
�-4-
communities in which they operate. These corporations should
also establish programs to handle its philanthropy in business-like
ways.
Philanthropy in America has traditionally been a pluralistic
activity involving private individuals, foundations, and
corporations. Of these groups, individuals provide almost 90
percent of total contributions, while corporations and foundations
provide the other 10 percent.
In 1992 approximately $124.33 billion was donated to charitable
organizations in the United States. Of that, $6 billion came from
corporations.
�-5-
Although financial contributions are essential elements in business
philanthropy, participation also involves a broader range of
activities. For example, corporations 'frequently assist not-forprofits through loans of employees, donations, or loans of
equipment and space, volunteer programs, and direct dollar
investments in economic redevelopment efforts -- all of which can
be accounted for as business expenses.
Approximately 90 percent of companies with annual sales of $25
million or mora engage in cash giving.
There is widespread belief among CEOs that it is important to
behave in a socially responsible manner and that, in pursuing
business objectives, they must take into account the public
interest.
�-6-
A study conducted by the Council on Foundations shows that
corporate giving is an expression of enlightened self-interest,
Most corporations claim to be motivated by a desire to help the
-
needy in the cnmmunities in which their company has plants and
by a desire to do what is ethically correct.
Two out of three also emphasize the goals of improving local
.,.
communities in order to benefit their own employees and of
protecting/improving the environment in which to work and to do
business.
--
About a third hope to improve their company.'s public image.
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
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JCPA-01
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1938-2012
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
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JCPA-01_1993-09-14_RMawby_SPE
Title
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Russell Mawby speech, Midwest U.S.-Japan Conference
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Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given September 14, 1993 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Round Table discussion on Corporate Philanthropy at Midwest U.S.-Japan conference.
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Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
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Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
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Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
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eng
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
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1993-09-14
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application/pdf
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Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/be0ca92df958070ab94d15e824c498f9.pdf
bb9a7d1b61991823ccdcd67a16891087
PDF Text
Text
RGM Notes for presentation
9/19/94 at the Fund Raising
School for Small Nonprofits
(KYIP) (Dinner at WKKF)
KYIP FUND RAISING SCHOOL SPEECH
MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 19, 1994
6:30 p.m.
W.K. KELLOGG FOUNDATION
*
Welcome to Battle Creek and the W.K. Kellogg Foundation
*
We are delighted that you are willing and see the value of
your participation in this fund raising school program.
*
The W. K. Kellogg Foundation is proud to be a supporter of
the Fund Raising School and the Center on Philanthropy at
Indiana University/Purdue University in Indianapolis.
Since we have played a role in helping establish this Center
of Excellence, we felt it only appropriate that we help share
their experience and expertise with some of our other
grantees who we feel could benefit from it.
1
�*
Keeping with Mr. Kellogg's philosophy of "helping people
help themselves," we feel that this investment of providing
you the opportunity to participate in the Fund Raising
School could ultimately be the most important contribution
we give you.
*
If you believe the research, over the next 20 years there
will be an estimated $8 to $10 tr'illion which will be
transferred 'from one generation to the next.
And those
organizations and institutions that have the capacity and
the ability to capture some of these resources to continue
their programs will be the ones who survive.
*
We have encouraged that the participants at these fund
raising schools, be the CEO/executive director of your
organization, along with a trustee.
Two individuals who
should see it as a major responsibility of theirs to help raise
2
�the resources necessary for you to continue your day to
day operations and your programming.
*
But let me also say, that while money is important, we
have to keep in mind that resources are limited and money
isn't always the answer.
*
As a university trustee, I often get frustrated when I see
that the School of Education does not communicate with
the School of Social Work, who does not communicate
with the School of Medicine. All three Schools who playa
critical role when it comes ' to the needs of bringing up a
healthy, productive human being in today's society.
*
While we have you in Battle Creek for two days teaching
you the mechanics of fund raising, I hope you will also take
this time to visit with other organizations from your
community who are represented here and talk about ways
that you might be able to collaborate to make your
3
�community a better place in which to be born and which to
grow up.
*
Take advantage of this time away from ringing phones and
clients walking through your door, to ask yourself, "Why do
we exist?" and are there better more efficient ways to fulfill
our mission by either working closer with or even becoming
a part of another organization in your community who is
doing similar programming.
*
This Kellogg Youth Initiatives Program, which you are a part
of, is the most comprehensive programming initiative this
Foundation has done in its 64-year history.
While the
Kellogg Foundation has made a commitment to have a
presence and to be involved in your community for 20
years, we want to be assured that the quality of life for
young people in your three communities is better than any
place in the world, but we want that high quality of life to
4
�continue long after the Kellogg Foundation has left, and we
can only do that by helping you build your capacity to
assure that this type of quality programming can continue
for many years to come.
*
Again, let me thank you for taking two days of your busy
schedules to come to Battle Creek for this training, and we
do hope you will find it beneficial.
Russ,
Somewhere in your comments you may want to mention that
one of the greatest disservices any foundation can do to any
organization is to give them too much money. And, that we feel
that by making this investment in helping them build their
capacity through this fund raising training, will ultimately be
more beneficial to them than if we were to give them a grant for
an additional $100,000 and just walk away.
5
�KYIP FUND RAISING SCHOOL SPEECH
MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 19, 1994
6:30 p.m.
W.K. KELLOGG FOUNDATION
*
Welcome to Battle Creek and the W.K. Kellogg Foundation
*
We are delighted that you are willing and see the value of your
participation in this fund raising school program.
*
The W.K. Kellogg Foundation is proud to be a supporter of the Fund
Raising School and the Center on Philanthropy at Indiana
University/Purdue University in Indianapolis.
Since we have played a role in helping establish this Center of
Excellence, we felt it only appropriate that we help share their
experience and expertise with some of our other grantees who we feel
could benefit from it.
*
Keeping with Mr. Kellogg's philosophy of "helping people help
themselves," we feel that this investment of providing you the
opportunity to participate in the Fund Raising School could ultimately
be the most important contribution we give you.
*
If you believe the research, over the next 20 years there will be an
estimated $8 to $10 trillion which will be transferred from one
generation to the next. And those organizations and institutions that
have the capacity and the ability to capture some of these resources
to continue their programs will be the ones who survive.
*
We have encouraged that the participants at these fund raising
schools, be the CEO/executive director of your organization , along
with a trustee.
Two individuals who should see it as a major
responsibility of theirs to help raise the resources necessary for you
to continue your day to day operations and your programming.
*
But let me also say, that while money is important, we have to keep in
mind that resources are limited and money isn't always the answer.
*
As a university trustee, I often get frustrated when I see that the
School of Education does not communicate with the School of Social
Work, who does not communicate with the School of Medicine. All three
Schools who play a critical role when it comes to the needs of
bringing up a healthy, productive human being in today's society.
�*
While we have you in Battle Creek for two days teaching you the
mechanics of fund raising, I hope you will also take this time to
visit with other organizations from your community who are represented
here and talk about ways that you might be able to collaborate to make
your community a better place in which to be born and which to grow
up.
*
Take advantage of this time away from ringing phones and clients
walking through your door, to ask yourself, "Why do we exist?" and are
there better more efficient ways to fulfill our mission by either
working closer with or even becoming a part of another organization in
your community who is doing similar programming.
*
This Kellogg Youth Initiatives Program, which you are a part of, is
the most comprehensive programming initiative this Foundation has done
in its 54-year history. While the Kellogg Foundation has made a
commitment to have a presence and to be involved in your community for
20 years, we want to be assured that the quality of life for young
people in your three communities is better than any place in the
world, but we want that high quality of life to continue long after
the Kellogg Foundation has left, and we can only do that be helping
you build your capacity to assure that this type of quality
programming can continue for many years to come.
*
Again, let me thank you for taking two days of your busy schedules to
come to Battle Creek for this training, and that we do hope you will
find it beneficial.
*Russ,
Somewhere in your comments you may want to mention that one of the greatest
disservices any foundation can do to any organizat ion is to give them too
much money. And, that we feel that by making this investment in helping
them build their capacity through this fund raising training, will
ultimately be more beneficial to them than if we were to give them a grant
for an additional $100,000 and just walk away.
KYIP.SPE/JKF
2
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
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Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
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application/pdf
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Identifier
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JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1994-09-19_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, KYIP Fund Raising School
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given September 19, 1994 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Kellogg Youth Initiative Program (KYIP) Fund Raising School for Small Nonprofits.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Education
Language
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eng
Rights
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
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1994-09-19
Format
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application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/40d74f5ae70e9c36e95a2c11d9ebb769.pdf
49b266a027bd4179d8fd1b6576952ee0
PDF Text
Text
al -1-
"Philanthropy on the Firing Line"
Remarks by Dr. Russell G. Mawby
Chairman of the Board
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
and
Chairman of the Board
Council on Foundations
Tuesday, September 21, 1982
Annual Meeting
Spokane Inland Empire Foundation
Spokane, Washington
1.
I am delighted to be here today for the Annual Meeting of
the Spokane Inland Empire Foundation.
I want to add my own
congratulations to Dr. Jim Mueller as your newly elected Foundation
President.
I am pleased to be here in two related capacities:
ONE,
as Chief Executive Officer of a Foundation which has been
active for nearly five decades in supporting projects 1n the
Pacific Northwest and the Inland Empire; and TWO, as Chairman
of the Board of the national Council on Foundations -- an
association which looks to community-based foundations, and
regional groups of grantmakers, for leadership in responding to
�al -2-
key social problems.
It is equally true that foundations, such
as your own, provide the grassroots direction, and "clout",
which determine whether the professional development, legislative
and other initiatives of the national Council reflect the needs
of the field and are successful.
Jeanne Ager suggested that I talk briefly about current
foundation legislative concerns, and a bit on the importance of
cooperation between community, private, and corporate philanthropy.
We all know there is particular urgency in such cooperation
today because of the scope of state and federal funding cutbacks
for human service programs.
two topics.
I'll focus my comments on these
First, just a few words about the Foundation I
represent.
II.
In preparation for today, I went back to our files to
refresh myself on the scope and types of Kellogg Foundation
programming in the Pacific Northwest.
Kellogg is a private,
grantmaking Foundation which supports demonstration projects
�al -3-
within the three broad fields of health, education, and agriculture.
Our grants in the Northwest have totaled about $30 million,
including $12 million for projects in the State of Washington.
The Kellogg Foundation has supported projects to help
Washington hospitals develop cooperative health care services,
and it has provided computer equipment and other resources to
many of the state's colleges and universities so they could
affiliate with a national library network which permits rapid
sharing and retrieval of scholarly publications throughout the
United States.
Other major grants have gone to Indian tribes in Northern
Washington to help them develop management training and education
programs for their people, to establish university graduate
programs in a variety of new educational and health care specialties,
and to support agricultural rural leadership and community
development initiatives in the state.
In fact, the success of
such rural leadership efforts in Washington has provided me
with several opportunities to visit Spokane, Pullman, and rural
agricultural areas of Washington in the past two years.
�al -4-
All this is just to note that there has been a long relationship
and affinity between the Kellogg Foundation, the Pacific Northwest,
and an awareness of its potential, and its probl ems.
III.
Of course, when talking about social problems today, it's
impossible to ignore (and some would say overemphasize) the
impact of recent federal and state funding cutbacks.
very serious subject.
It is a
At the same time, I have to caution
myself to avoid both the solemnity and sophistry that too often
ln Washington enshrouds and distorts related issues.
The
federal bureaucrats love to confuse us by references to "zero
bracket deductions", "social safety nets" (some with holes, and
others without), "entitlements", "windows of vulnerability"
(some open and others closed), "block grants", "R. I . F . s " (or
Reductions In Force), and "transfer payments" .
Those of us in th e foundation world have long recognized
the Treasury Department and its Internal Revenue Service as the
true masters of bureaucratic and biased double-talk.
In fact,
they refined it to the level of "high art" in portions of the
�al -5-
I.R.S. code which relate to philanthropy.
There we find
"disqualified persons!', "excess business holdings", and a host
of other terms and restrictions that, I believe, have intentionally
negative inferences.
I will return to these regulatory restrictions
a bit later.
However, as these examples indicate, words and their
implied meaning are important.
amusing.
At times, they are also quite
My work gives me an opportunity to travel some.
A
few years ago I was in Brazil, ln the Northeast part, and I was
spending time with a state minister of agriculture to learn
about their problems with food production.
excellent; his English was difficult.
His Portuguese was
After our long discussion,
he gave me a great report that they had very carefully translated -from Portuguese into English -- regarding agriculture in that
part of the country, their problems and plans for the future.
On the airplane I was reading this report and got down to
the section on large animals.
The large agricultural animals
important in that part of Brazil were cattle, horses, and
�al -6-
donkeys.
It was a sort of belabored English translation, with
the verbs backwards.
But it was very understandable.
However,
the translator wanted to be a little more sophisticated and
official sounding, so he shifted from cattle, horses, and
donkeys to bovines, equinines, and "asinines."
We've had the same problem with the bureaucrats in Washington
over the past decade.
They have too often, perhaps out of a
sense of self-worth and self-righteousness, distorted the
English language to confuse issues and cultivate their concepts
of social engineering.
And as I said, that has been particularly
so in the wording of I.R.S. regulations and restrictions on
philanthropy.
IV.
We can be thankful, however, that the atmosphere of distrust,
conflict, and skepticism between the governmental, private, and
business sectors seems to be changing, due in part to several
Reagan Administration initiatives.
Orator-statesman Henry Clay
said over a century ago that: "Government is a trust, and the
�al -7-
officers of the government are trustees; and both the trust and
the trustees are caretakers for the benefit of the people."
There is a noticeable similarity between that cred6 and the
real philosophy behind many, if not all, charitable foundations.
My point is that the federal government's view, and that
of the nation's foundations, has recently developed into a more
symbiotic relationship than possible a decade ago -- when the
1969 Tax Act seemed, for practical purposes, to be sounding the
death knell for private foundations.
By working individually,
and together -- for example through area associations like the
..
Council of Michigan Foundations in my own state and your Pacific
Northwest Grantmakers Forum, as well as through the national
Council on Foundations -- we have achieved significant legislative
success in correcting several of the most damaging aspects of
the 1969 Act.
I refer to 1976 when Congress reduced the private foundation
pay-out requirement from an escalating 6 percent to 5 percent
or all of income.
We know now that if the original escalating
�al -8-
6 percent pay-out requirement -- which was tied to inflation -had remained in effect, it would have devastated the assets of
almost all foundations.
In 1978, foundations also were successful
In getting the exise tax levied against them reduced from 4
percent to 2 percent.
And then last year, the pay-out requirement for private
foundations was again changed by Congress; set at a flat 5
percent.
This new law also frees foundations to take advantage
of investments which are most productive.
Further, it will
increase the total amount of foundation grants, after a short
transition period, by expanding the asset base on which the 5
percent annual pay-out requirement is applied.
It is, In sum,
good for both foundations and their grantees.
There continue to be other legal impediments to effective
foundation philanthropy -- some which could be removed solely
by governmental administrative action; others which would
require legislative remedies.
It's my own particular hope that
the next year will see foundations work together with their
�regional associations, the Council on Foundations, and with
top-level leaders in the Reagan Administration to remove those
administrative impediments within the Treasury Department and
I.R.S. Code.
There are five of these types of impediments.
Let me just mention the one which I consider most important,
and on which I hope that you, your area association, and the
Council on Foundations will place the greatest emphasis in the
months ahead.
As here in Spokane and the Inland Empire, many communities
throughout the country have established community foundations,
as a means of ensuring continuing support for local or regional
charitable needs.
Typically, such a community foundation's
endowment comes from a continuing flow of both large and small
contributions from members of the public.
The foundation's
charitable program is, in turn, directed by a board of community
representatives.
Thus, community foundations are generally
characterized by substantial and continuing public involvement
and support.
Recognizing this fact, the Treasury regulations
�al -10-
provide that a community foundation can qualify as a "public
ch arity" provided it is responsive to the community and is not
"controlled" by a limited group.
However, the criteria established
by existing regulations not only consider a variety of factors
indicative of a community foundation's public character, but
also require that the foundation meet a rigid "10% of support"
test.
This support test -- which requires that a community
foundation receive 10% or more of its annual support In the
form of contributions from the public -- has the inevitable and
undesirabl e effect of penalizing a community foundation for its
earlier succe ss in attracting contributions.
As the value of
the community foundation's endowment -- and thus, of endowment
income
increases, it becomes more and more difficult for the
foundation to attract sufficient annual contributions to meet
the 10% test.
This problem could be avoided Qy eliminating the
10% test and determining the foundation' s public charity status
�al -11-
solely on the basis of the other factors identified by the
Internal Revenue Service regulations.
There is one other legislative problem that I want to
mention -- not because it will have been our own priority on
the legislative front in the short term -- but because recent
and anticipated events in Washington may see this problem rise
to the forefront strictly on the basis of legislative momentum.
This issue is one I alluded to earlier as an example of such
biased, bureaucratic double-talk as "excess business holdings"
and "disqualified persons."
In essence, Section 4943 of the Internal Revenue Code
limits the holdings of a private foundation and its "disqualified
persons" (i.e., generally the donor, members of the donor's
family, and foundation managers) in any "business enterprise"
to 20% of the voting power of the enterprise.
Any holdings
acquired by gift or bequest above the 20% level must be disposed
of by the foundation within a five-year period.
\fuat this, in
effect, does is discourage the creation of new foundations by
�al -12-
entrepreneurs or families.
For under current law, their donation
of company stock to a foundation could, within a five-year
period, result
~n
a forced, "distressed" sale of the stock, and
even the entire company, and possibly to another corporation
which has little regard for the company's business values, or
its ties to the community or region where the company is headquartered.
There has been a dramatic drop in the creation of new
foundations since the 1969 Tax Act, and I believe that much of
this drop is attributable to this "excess business ho l.d i.n g s "
provision, as well as to the inequitable provision of the law
which sets a lower level of taxable deduction for gifts to
foundations than to all other charities.
There are indications Congress may address the problem of
excess business holdings this fall by holding legislative
hearings on the subject.
We hope that all of you -- who represent
the philanthropic leadership in the Pacific Northwest -- will
be willing to work with others throughout the United States to
�al -13-
resolve these two legislative issues which affect the future of
both community and private foundations.
From past legislative
successes, mentioned earlier, we know that it is the individual
foundations and their area associations, working with their
U.S. Senators and Representatives, that determine whether a
legislative program is successful.
Reliance on this type of
"grass roots" legislative initiative has, and must continue to
be, the essence of all of our efforts.
v.
Such cooperation at the local and regional level is also
crucial if the private sector is to deal effectively with
critical social needs at a time of diminished federal and state
support.
It has been projected that direct and indirect federal
spending cuts for human service programs will total about $127
billion over the next four years -- or more than twelve times
the amount of all foundation grantmaking.
It is clear, then,
that private philanthropy and corporations cannot fill this
immense funding gap.
�al -14-
But I am also encouraged to see that the dramatic scope
and depth of these Federal cutbacks, as well as President
Reagan's call for increased private-sector involvement in
addressing social problems, is resulting
~n
a new spirit and a
new level of cooperation between private, community, and corporate
foundations, and between foundations and the public, governmental
sector.
I know of no better example than right here in the Inland
Empire.
At times we all have to hold back our public relations
people, by the lapels, when they start to wax a bit too eloquently
about the private sector, the unique role of private philanthropy,
and what our foundations are achieving for society.
(Of course,
some might say you have to do the same thing with annual meeting
speakers!)
But as I have talked with many of you, and reviewed
literature about the Spokane Inland Empire Foundation, it
became obvious to me that your foundation truly is
own printed words --
It
in your
n e w , small, but very visible and innovative.
1t
�al -15-
You are innovative, and on a national level. in the catalytic
role which you provide as sponsoring organization for the
Christian Aid Network which combines church resources to meet
emergency needs of Spokane County residents.
You are "very
visible and innovative" in the types of other co-funding arrangements
with area grantmakers, including the voluntary action center
under the information and referral network of the United Way.
You are a model for other community foundations across the
country in the way you've worked to establish a United Way
endowment fund as part of the Spokane Inland Empire Community
Foundation.
It is your type of community foundation attitude and
achievement -- one more concerned with helping people and
finding solutions than worrying about "turf", separation of
private/public responsibilities, and who gets the public credit -which must be made the focus for philanthropy generally.
�al -16-
VI.
For we know that the freedom and flexibility, as well as
tax privilege, accorded private philanthropy ought to exact a
price and a special public responsibility.
Foundation grantmaking
must continue to represent an important, valuable alternative
avenue for human betterment.
We must encourage and improve
public accountability and public reporting by all charitable
organizations.
We must work to expand Congressional under-
standing and support of philanthropy.
And we must look at more than just tax laws, regulations,
and definitions. As a nation, we must decide if we really want
to encourage volunteerism, a movement which has given a special
quality to American life.
I am encouraged by the Reagan
Administration's willingness to address issues of voluntary
giving and service in our society.
And I am encouraged by the
innovative, far-sighted examples of cooperative grantmaking
which are reflected In all of you and by the Spokane Inland
�al -17-
Empire Foundation. For there is pressing need for more of such
pragmatic solutions which are truly, as Henry Clay expressed
it,
II
for the benefi t of the people."
9/17/82
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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application/pdf
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eng
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JCPA-01
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1938-2012
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
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JCPA-01_1982-09-21_RMawby_SPE
Title
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Russell Mawby speech, Philanthropy on the Firing Lane
Creator
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Mawby, Russell
Description
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Speech given September 21, 1982 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation and the Council on Foundations at the Annual Meeting of the Spokane Inland Empire Foundation.
Contributor
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Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
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Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
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Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
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eng
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
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1982-09-21
Format
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application/pdf
Type
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Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/398e8debd596e681aec565ad648f77d2.pdf
545ad613b5007afc93cf8577fbbc3ed6
PDF Text
Text
?
Notes from RGM's Presentation for the
Celebration of the 50th Anniversary of
WKKF Support in Latin America and the
90th Anniversar y, of PARO
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1992-09-23_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech at the 50th Anniversary of WKKF Support in Latin America
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given September 23, 1992 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Celebration of the 50th Anniversary of the W.K. Kellogg Foundation support in Latin America and the 90th Anniversary of PAHO.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1992-09-23
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/9962964f58bc5e4b569efb8d2bc90ef0.pdf
81fda0d54a9247df8598186fa5fac968
PDF Text
Text
Remar ks by RGM at Confere nce of
Counc i l o f Minnesota Foundations ,
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---
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-69 w
h
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ed
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f TRA
-69
, no s
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g
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rom
i
t
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p
t
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h
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t
s1976 f
i
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r
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eW
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.
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r
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v
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ad
e a
c
t
u
a
ld
i
s
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r
i
b
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t
i
o
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f $296 m
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o
n f
o
rc
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r
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p
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ft
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i
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t
r
i
b
u
t
i
o
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r
e
q
u
i
r
em
e
n
t
so
f TRA
-69 h
a
db
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f
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c
td
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r
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n
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h
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e42 y
e
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r
s
5
�and had the Trust been required to annually distribute the
higher of income or 6 percent of the market value of its
assets, the distribution over the period would have totaled
$316 million, or an increase of only $20 million.
However,
to meet this mandatory payout requirement, the Trust would
have had to sell Kellogg stock having a market value today
of $440 million.
Thus, to provide a 6 1/2 percent increase
to charity, the Trust's curyent assets would have been reduced
by 53% to a market value of $392 million, as opposed to its
actual market value of $832 million.
Furthermore, future distributions to charity would have
been significantly reduced because of the depleted assets and
1
earnings of the Trust.
This is evide nced by the fact that
during 1976 the Trust will earn approximately $31 million
which will be distributed for charitable purposes as opposed
to earnings of only $15 million which would be available had
its assets been depleted by the TRA-69 payout requirements.
Such evidence as this convinces us that the best interests
of society are not being served by existing legislation and
that, while many provisions of TRA-69 are laudatory, certain
others warrant modification on the basis of experience to date.
In these observations, I have referred often to small
foundations.
The Foundation Center tells us that there are
approximately 25,000 private grant-making foundations in this
country.
When the word "foundation" is mentioned, even to those
6
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ay n
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sdom
7
�o
rb
e
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t
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.
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tc
r
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ci
{h
is d
i
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r
s
i
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y among f
o
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ty
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fo
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di
t
sp
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p
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.
B
u
tt
h
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snow a g
r
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g aw
a
r
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n
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s
s among o
u
rc
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lf
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tf
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f
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t
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n
'
sg
o
a
l
s
. S
im
u
l
t
a
n
e
o
u
s
l
yi
nt
h
ev
o
l
u
n
t
a
r
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e
c
t
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r
,
p
r
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g
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am
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r
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e s
o
p
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t
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a
t
e
d
,
8
�responding in more adequate ways to the complex problems of
society.
The varied talents of volunteers are being effectively
utilized in more sensitive and valuable services which meet
human needs.
Often working in concert, public and private
efforts--in health care, education, libraries, services for
the elderly and the handicapped, youth-serving organizations,
church-related activities, special needs of minorities, cultural
arts--are better meeting human needs than could either alone.
Voluntary giving -- of time, talent, money -- will continue
to be an important ingredient in the betterment of the human
condition, enhancing recipient and giver alike.
Common sense tells us that the future will be even more
demanding of individuals and institutions than the past.
In
the spirit of this conference, the best of both the private
and the public will be required.
Hopefully private initiative
and voluntary effort will be permitted and encouraged to play
a major and appropriate role in the future as in the past.
Second, though certain provisions of TRA-69 are proving
counter-productive to the best interests of society by impacting negatively on philanthropy, the law can be modified.
Experience over the past six years provides a basis for careful review and revision through the Congressional process.
Unhappily, to date in the crowded agenda of priorities
confronting Congress, the subject of tax reform has received
scant attention.
And when tax matters are addressed, the
9
�/
c
o
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c
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r
n
so
fp
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. Th
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sh
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e
t
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sn
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s t
h
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t
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n
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ry
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r
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t
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st
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o
u
l
db
eg
i
v
e
nt
o
t
h
ef
o
l
l
ow
i
n
g
:
1
. T
h
ep
r
o
v
i
s
i
o
n
so
fTRA
-69 w
h
i
c
h im
p
a
c
tn
e
g
a
t
i
v
e
l
ya
n
d
d
i
s
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r
im
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n
a
t
ea
g
a
i
n
s
tp
r
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v
a
t
ef
o
u
n
d
a
t
i
o
n
ss
h
o
u
l
db
em
o
d
i
f
i
e
d
.
B
th
eF
i
l
e
Co
~
~~
-
~ -
F
o
u
n
d
a
t
±
o
n
.-
i-- ~o
t
h
e
r
e
_
s
h
o
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l
db
ear
e
d
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c
t
i
o
no
ft
h
e4%
10
�excise tax, which diverts money from donees; an adjustment of
the required annual payout; removal of special limitations on
gifts to foundations; adjustments in certain divestiture requirementsi and an easing of certain program restrictions.
2.
Diversity among private foundations should be pre-
served and encouraged.
Fortunately, all do not have the same
purposes, ar eas of interest, style of operation, or sphere of
activity.
Such variety, with responsible stewardship by
conscientious trustees and managers and with appropriate
supervision in the public interest, serves donees and society
ert-a-:i:n-l-y-pri va Le foum:lat ions
as well.
us-t -be res p o n-sive to -"'-=!-''-U.J..
t toe
panel on Wednesda
he s e-a.r-El-a-S
0
f
a,.;t;.t..e tl t j on
Sb0
lJ
1d no-t b
e.
donee groups, described by some as traditional
'fyP
ut
Other eligible
the United
Way, the Boy Scouts, 4-H, the symphony, hospitals and homes for
the elderly, colleges and universities, both public and private
should not be denied continuing private sustenance.
3.
Constr aints and regulation, whether by governmental
edict or self-imposed by the field, should be kept to a minimum.
Again assuming responsible stewardship and appropriate supervision, private foundations should not be further burdened with
stifling regulations, bureaucratic procedures, unending caveats.
4.
Finally, voluntary giving
whether of time or talent
or money and by whatever means -- is a fragile human action,
11
�subject to careful nurturing but easily turned off.
The person
of means who corrunits resources to a private foundation does so
voluntarily, irrevocably and completely -- 100 percent, beyond
any rate of taxation.
Further, those funds can then be ex-
pended only in accordance with the tax law, under IRS
]
supervision, and only for purposes and to
org Qnizations and
institutions designated by Congress as being e ducational,
charitable and in the public interest.
To go far beyond this
in prescribing issues to be addressed, clientele to be served,
procedures and policies will be counter to the interests of
a vital private sector.
Centralized dictation will serve only
to further deplete the philanthropic reservoir.
(
�~ ~iJ--.- ~
~
<
2
.
.
.
v
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~
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eand sm
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et
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v
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h
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p
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fl
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no~ c
o
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tth
em
,mu
s
tb
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e
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in
fo
rm
ed
. Found
a
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sc
anandmu
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t imp
rov
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r im
ag
ew
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a
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~i , w
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t
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t
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s
,andc
e
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t
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yw
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t
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h
eg
r
a
n
t
s
e
e
k
e
r
sby
do
ing f
i
v
er
e
l
a
t
i
v
e
l
ys
im
p
l
et
h
i
n
g
s
. We mu
s
t
:
1
.
C
l
e
a
r
l
yd
e
f
i
n
eandp
u
b
l
i
s
hou
r prog
r
amm
a
t
i
cand g
eog
r
aph
i
c
a
r
e
a
so
fi
n
t
e
r
e
s
tando
b
j
e
c
t
i
v
e
s
.
u
b
l
i
s
h andc
i
r
c
u
l
a
t
es
imp
l
er
e
a
d
a
b
l
ea
n
n
u
a
lr
e
p
o
r
t
st
oo
u
r
2
.
P
con
sum
e
r
s andt
ot
h
eg
e
n
e
r
a
lp
u
b
l
i
c
.
l
edg
e co
r
r
e
spond
en
c
ef
romg
r
a
n
t
s
e
e
k
e
r
s
;g
i
v
e th
em
3
.
Acknow
t
h
ei
n
f
o
rm
a
t
i
o
nt
h
ey n
e
ed t
od
e
t
e
rm
in
et
h
et
y
p
e
so
fp
rog
r
am
s
w
em
ay b
ea
b
l
et
os
u
p
p
o
r
t
.
s
t
a
b
l
i
s
hr
e
g
u
l
a
rg
ran
tr
ev
i
ewc
r
i
t
e
r
i
aandp
r
o
c
e
d
u
r
e
s
.
4
.
E
M
a
k
e
o
u
r
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
k
n
o
w
n
t
o
o
u
r
l
e
g
i
s
l
a
t
o
r
s
&
l
d
t
o
t
h
o
s
ewho
5
.
w
i
l
li
n
f
l
u
en
ce t
h
ef
o
rm
u
l
a
t
i
o
no
ff
u
t
u
r
ep
o
l
i
c
y
.
Th
et
r
a
d
i
t
i
o
n
a
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1976-09-26_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech at the Council of Minnesota Foundations
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given September 26, 1976 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Council of Minnesota Foundations to discuss the importance of foundations in the community.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-09-26
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text