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                    <text>Grand Valley State University
Veterans’ History Project
Marc Aronson
Vietnam War
2 hours 35 minutes 7 seconds
(00:00:17) Early Life
-Born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on September 8, 1949
-His father was an insurance agent and worked in a family insurance agency
-Mother was a housewife
-He attended public schools through the ninth grade
-South hills of Pittsburgh at Bethel Park
-He took grades nine through twelve at a military academy
(00:01:16) Military Academy
-For high school he attended a military academy in the Shenandoah Valley
-He began attending in 1964
-His father sent him because he felt that Marc lacked discipline and respect for authority
-Class sizes were about fifteen to eighteen students
-He most likely had, and still has, ADD which made some aspects difficult
-The school was in the South, so being from the North it took some adjusting
-First time he was introduced to Dr. Pepper, grits, and Moon Pies
-It was a segregated school
-Even the menial laborers had to be white
-Lived in dorms at the academy
-The school’s curriculum and protocols were modeled after West Point Army Academy
-This meant that he received a lot of military training
-Reserve Officers’ Training Corps instructors
-Military style classes
-Carried and trained with the M1 Garand or Springfield 1903 rifles
-In high school he knew how to maintain an M1 Garand rifle
-Graduated in 1968
(00:06:16) Awareness of the Vietnam War
-He paid virtually no attention to the Vietnam War when he was in high school
-At the military academy they didn’t have access to a TV or radio
-Expected to be focusing on studying during the weekdays
-On the weekends they drilled or went to religious services
-He grew up in a middle class neighborhood in Pittsburgh
-No one paid much attention to world events
(00:07:33) Enlisting in the Army
-After graduating from the military academy he decided to enlist in the Army
-He enlisted in the Pittsburgh Federal Building
-Signed on for the one hundred twenty day delay plan
-This meant that one hundred twenty days later he would report for training
-Enlisted in September 1968
-When he signed up a group of girls came with him

�-Crying because they thought that he was going to get killed in Vietnam
-They wound up following him to the restricted physical exam area
-He doesn’t recall anyone trying to get out of serving
(00:10:02) Basic Training
-For basic training he was sent to Fort Jackson, South Carolina
-Arrived there at 3 AM
-Had his head shaved upon arrival
-Processing took only about twenty four hours
-The base’s barracks were from World War Two
-Still heated by coal
-Early during training the drill sergeant asked two questions
-What is a guidon and who has a driver’s license?
-He knew what a guidon was and had a driver’s license
-He was placed in charge of protecting the unit’s guidon from other units
-A guidon is a type of military pennant that comes to a point on the end
-He took a general aptitude test upon entering basic training
-Started early every day
-Used to it from having a paper route as a child and from the military academy
-Given only about twenty minutes to get dressed, get cleaned and get in formation
-Went on four or five mile runs every morning
-He didn’t come from an intensely athletic background, but it wasn’t too hard
-After running went to the mess hall for breakfast
-Expected to cross monkey bars and do pull ups before entering
-Upon entering the mess hall had to line up and eat whatever you were given
-After breakfast went to a variety of different Army courses and activities
-Weapons training, marching, classes on protocol, or general military information
-His time at the military academy prepared him well for basic training
-He was already used to being disciplined and given orders
-He trained with men from all over the country and from different backgrounds
-Integrated unit
-He came from a Jewish background, so he didn’t believe in prejudice anyway
-Served with African-Americans, New Yorkers, Southerners
-Basic training lasted eight weeks
(00:20:55) Artillery Training Pt. 1
-After completing basic training he signed up for artillery training
-His father had been an antiaircraft artillery soldier in World War Two
-He felt that being in artillery would put him near the action, but not in the action
-He was given a short leave home after basic training
-After leave he reported to Fort Sill, Oklahoma for artillery training
-Nine month course
-December 1968 is when he arrived there
-He did not enjoy Fort Sill
-It was an older base with older buildings
-It was either very hot, or very cold
-It was a larger base
-There was a small town nearby that soldiers would often go to on leave

�-Full of bars, pawn shops, strip clubs and liquor stores
(00:23:35) Noncommissioned Officer School
-While at Fort Sill the recruits were told that the Army needed more sergeants
-As a result of that a Noncommissioned Officer School was created there
-He was told that if he signed up for NCO School there would be certain perks
-Namely having a higher rank and getting paid more because of that
-It was an eight week course
-He chose to become a sergeant because it seemed like a better deal than being a private
(00:25:02) Artillery Training Pt. 2
-At Fort Sill they received classroom training and field training on artillery
-They primarily trained on the 105mm split-tail howitzer
-For field training they would go out into the middle of nowhere near the base
-Learned how to properly move the gun and prepare it for firing
-Because of his NCO training he was training to be a crew chief
-This meant he was responsible for calculating coordinates
-Not that easy for him because he wasn’t very good at math
-They had access to other artillery pieces, but pretty much stuck with the 105mm howitzer
(00:26:40) Army Driver’s Training
-When he was still in basic training he was able to take Army driver’s training
-Consisted of learning how to drive the 2.5 ton trucks that the Army used
-All he had to do to pass was successfully drive a quarter mile in a truck
-One time at basic training he was assigned to drive the truck to the rifle range
-He started to take a turn too hard and a sergeant intervened
-This led to the truck flipping over
-No one was seriously injured, but a few soldiers received broken bones
-He was advised to basically stay out of sight for about two weeks
-The injured soldiers were not going to be happy to see him
-He didn’t get in trouble for the accident
-A few colonels asked him what happened, and he explained
-They basically just wanted to get him out of Fort Jackson and to Fort Sill
(00:32:57) Incident in NCO School
-Remembers one time when another soldier training to be a sergeant asked Marc for some aspirin
-Marc had aspirin and gave the other soldier his bottle of aspirin
-Little did Marc know that the soldier was intending on taking the whole bottle
-Last that Marc saw of the soldier he was being taken to the hospital on a stretcher
-It was a way of getting out of going to Vietnam
(00:34:24) Deployment to Vietnam
-At the end of training at Fort Sill they were all given a “dream sheet”
-A checklist of U.S. Army bases in America and around the world that you could “pick”
-Most soldiers were requesting Hawaii, or Germany
-Marc knew that they were going to Vietnam no matter what, so he picked Vietnam
-Shortly after the “dream sheet” they all received orders for Vietnam
-He was allowed to go home for a short leave
-He flew out of San Francisco bound for Vietnam
-Stopped in Hawaii to refuel and was allowed off the plane for a couple hours

�(00:36:15) Arriving in Vietnam
-He arrived at Tan Son Nhut Air Base
-He, and the other replacements, was afraid of getting attacked on the runway
-After leaving the plane they were placed on buses and taken to their temporary quarters
-The buses had wire cages over the windows to protect from grenades
-He arrived in September 1969
-When he arrived he didn’t have any unit assignment
-His first task at Tan Son Nhut was to go out and clean up the old, rusted barbed wire
-While he was cleaning a lieutenant approached him and told him to stop
-His job was to watch over the privates doing the work, not to do the work
-He remembers seeing black smoke on the horizon and asking what it was
-Learned that it was human waste being burned
-During the early days there he remembers seeing a Vietnamese man defecating on the road
-Perfectly normal to the other Vietnamese
-He spent a week at Tan Son Nhut before receiving orders
(00:43:20) Assignment to the 1st Infantry Division
-He was finally given a unit assignment to the 1st Infantry Division (“The Big Red One”)
-They were operating in a place called Di An
-While he was with the 1st they would move around to different firebases
-He had a spiral notebook and would keep a record of when and where they went
-He was assigned to an artillery battery and to act as a crew chief
-He was just considered the new guy
-Nothing fantastic was done about his entry into the unit
-Firing was sporadic when he joined his unit
-They tended to receive fire missions (planned artillery attacks) at random times
-Most of the time they just spent time sitting around being bored
(00:46:18) On the Firebase
-He remembers one firebase that his unit would get stationed at from time to time
-Doesn’t recall the name, but remembers that it was on a flat plain
-They received fire missions once and a while
-Everyone would run to the guns and fire a few rounds then go back to doing nothing
-At this particular firebase there was a friendly fire incident
-Fortunately no one was hurt, or killed because of the mistake
-He quickly realized that it had most likely been his error which caused it
-He remembers that the firebase was consistently either hot, or wet
(00:48:50) Plants and Animals in Vietnam
-There were a lot of rats in Vietnam
-He had to zip himself all the way up in his sleeping bag at night because of that
-Otherwise the rats would start to nibble on your face or your stomach
-During downtime soldiers would have tarantula fights, or races
-Remembers one time at the firebase there was a contest to blow up a tree
-It was an eyesore and 200-300 yards outside of the perimeter
-The gun crew that could destroy the tree would be awarded a case of beer
-The catch was that they could only use one round to destroy it
-His crew was the only crew to hit the tree, so they won the beer
-Aiming had been so good that it had been a direct hit

�(00:51:55) Interaction with Vietnamese Civilians
-He and other soldiers would occasionally leave the firebases and go into nearby towns
-This gave them a chance to interact some with the Vietnamese
-He remembers getting a haircut and massage at a Vietnamese barbershop
-Drugs were sold freely and cheaply by the Vietnamese
-He never engaged in that though
-There were prostitutes in the areas that his unit was stationed
-Remembers one instance where they drove through a rural area and stopped
-All the soldiers left him behind in the truck and went over to a wooded area
-Soon a soldier came back and asked if Marc wanted to pay for a prostitute
-Marc declined
-Only time that he distinctly remembers encountering blatant prostitution
(00:54:25) Holidays in Vietnam
-He remembers that on the holidays hot food would be brought in for the troops
-On New Year’s Eve the artillery crews would fire flares straight up into the air
-Similar to fireworks
-On the holidays they usually had more whiskey and beer on base
-For the most part men just wanted to be home when the holidays came around
(00:55:40) Transfer to the 101st Airborne Division
-His service with the 1st Infantry Division ended when Nixon began withdrawing troops
-The 1st Infantry Division was a unit that had been selected to be brought home
-Marc had a six month deployment commitment that had to be fulfilled
-He had only completed four months of service
-At this point he was told that he was going to be transferred to the 101st Airborne Division
-Fairly indifferent to the transfer
-After receiving transfer orders he was flown up north to the 101st operating area on a C-130
-The plane ride on the C-130 was not a comfortable one
-On takeoff they had to elevate as quickly as possible to avoid ground fire
-On landing they had to descend at a sharp angle also to avoid ground fire
(00:57:11) Introduction to the 101st Airborne Division
-He arrived at the 101st Airborne’s main base at Camp Evans
-He received no introductory training upon his arrival
-After landing at Camp Evans he was flown out to join the unit in the field via helicopter
-Remembers that when he arrived in the field that it was late afternoon
-The rear base for this area was Phu Bai
-After leaving Camp Evans he was flown out to one of the nearby firebases
-The artillery guns looked battered and neglected
-He made a comment to the crew about that which was not received well
-He adjusted to his new crew in the 101st over time
-They eventually accepted him as their new crew chief
-He didn’t make any friends because he was advised not to make any friends
-Idea was that it a friend was killed in combat you would be too upset to function
-His unit assignment was B Battery of the 319th Field Artillery of the 101st Airborne Division
-He was still using 105mm howitzers
(01:02:28) Operating in the Hill Country
-His unit mostly stayed out in the hill country of Vietnam

�-He very rarely returned to Camp Evans or Phu Bai
-He was much busier with the 101st than with the 1st Infantry Division
-Crews were expected to move faster
-There was more tension
-There was not as much downtime as there had been in the 1st Infantry Division
-There was always a task of some kind to complete in the 101st
-The gun crews were always short on people
-In the 1st Infantry Division a normal crew was about six soldiers
-In the 101st Airborne Division a normal gun crew was only four soldiers
-At times a gun crew was only operating with two soldiers
-Soldiers could be gone on sick leave, on R&amp;R, drunk, or high
(01:07:19) Drugs and Alcohol
-Substance use didn’t really affect the overall effectiveness of the unit
-There were two groups of soldiers: those who used drugs and those who drank too much
-He remembers finding empty capsules around base
-Vietnamese children would sell capsules of heroin or cocaine to American soldiers
-He saw this more in the 1st Infantry because they were closer to cities
-Being closer to cities meant that it was easier to buy drugs
-He didn’t see that as much in the 101st Airborne because they were in the field more
-Far more difficult to get hard drugs out in the middle of nowhere
-Some soldiers would pay a helicopter pilot to buy whiskey and bring it back
-He would occasionally drink beer, but he never did it in excess
-Being a crew chief he had to keep the drinkers and the druggies from fighting each other
-He doesn’t remember many, if any, soldiers opting out of their duties just to do drugs
-Essentially soldiers would be incapacitated from drug use, but not done on purpose
(01:09:48) Fire Missions
-He never knew what the nature of the fire missions were
-The only information he was given was the coordinates and how many rounds to fire
(01:10:25) Transfer to Firebase Ripcord
-His unit was eventually transferred to Firebase Ripcord
-One day they received orders to go to a new a firebase
-Firebase Ripcord held little significance to him at the time
-They flew up to Ripcord and upon arrival started receiving mortar fire
-It was an indication of things to come and that enemy presence was much heavier
-His unit arrived on April 18, 1970
-The firebase had been established on April 11, 1970
-It had taken three attempts to establish Firebase Ripcord
-First things he noticed about Ripcord was that it was noisy, dirty, windy and smoky
-One of the first matters of business was getting his gun set up and building a bunker
-The landscape at Ripcord was pretty unimpressive
-It was just a bare, flat hilltop
-Their missions were essentially the same as before: act as artillery support for the infantry
-Upon arrival they were responsible for building up the sandbag fortifications
-His crew started receiving fire missions before he even had his shelter built
-The type of shelter that was built at firebases was called a “hooch”
-It was a dugout space in the ground with sandbags on top to protect you from mortars

�(1:16:12) – (1:19:54) Disc Hiccups
(01:19:54) Enemy Contact at Ripcord
-At 3 or 4 in the morning the Viet Cong or North Vietnamese would try to assault the firebase
-Artillery crews would lower guns to be fired parallel to the ground
-They used “beehive” rounds which contained thousands of flechettes
-Highly effective and devastating antipersonnel rounds
-He saw a lot of U.S. Cobra gunship helicopters and F4 Phantom jets flying air strikes
-He didn’t see the use of B-52 heavy bombers until later in the war
-Some days were quieter than other in terms of enemy contact
(01:21:10) Beginning of the Battle of Ripcord
-On July 1, 1970 the North Vietnamese began what would be the Battle of Ripcord
-On July 1 he was so exhausted that he was sleeping through the incoming fire
-He was woken up by a superior and ordered to go to his gun
-Later learned that as he ran to his gun mortars were landing directly behind him
-The action on July 1 would mark the beginning of a twenty three day siege
-He wasn’t aware of what was happening to American infantry units out in the field
-He didn’t learn about the company that was overrun at Hill 902 until later
-There was constant helicopter activity around the firebase during the battle
-He quickly became desensitized to the incoming fire
(01:23:55) Leadership at Ripcord
-He remembers giving an order to a soldier in his crew during the battle
-The soldier went to the wrong area
-That area took a direct mortar hit and the soldier was killed
-Sometime during the siege he was moved to a different gun
-Removed him from his native unit
-He lost contact with the original men that he had served with
-His commanding officer, Captain Rich, had done seven tours of service in Vietnam
-He was friendly to Marc
-Marc learned more about the man later in life
-It made him more real than the myth he’d been built up to be at Ripcord
-He had little contact with Captain Rich though because of the difference in rank
-Officers were kept separate from noncommissioned officers
(01:28:26) The Battle of Ripcord Intensifies
-Over the course of July the bombardment by the NVA became more intense
-Marc’s battery, B, was eventually destroyed in the fighting
-The NVA began to make use of 120mm rockets
-They originally thought that US forces were firing at Ripcord as part of friendly fire
-Captain Rich grabbed Marc and led him to where the crater was
-Captain Rich dug up a fin from a rocket and knew that it was a 120mm rocket
-This was a total game changer for the battle
-120mm rockets could destroy just about anything with relative ease
-They started to receive more rockets as July went on
-U.S. air strikes became more intense and more prevalent
-Sometime during the battle the NVA fired a CS (tear) gas round into Ripcord
-Marc put on his gas mask only to find that it was essentially useless
-At one point Marc and another soldier had to carry a wounded soldier to the medical bunker

�-They took him into an empty room and told him to wait for a medic there
-As soon as Marc and the soldier leave the room is hit by enemy artillery
-The soldier inside is killed instantly
-As the battle went on he remember Captain Rich even getting more nervous
(01:35:00) Chinook Helicopter Crash at Firebase Ripcord
-On the morning of July 18 Marc was at his battery conducting a fire mission
-He saw a U.S. Chinook supply helicopter coming in to drop off supplies
-Noticed that the Chinook was on fire
-Saw that it was rapidly descending, so he ran for cover
-The Chinook wound up crashing into the ammo cache causing munitions to go off
-Marc was able to seek shelter with other soldiers while the ammunition exploded
-He had to wait there for a few hours for all of the ammo to explode
-At the time he felt cowardly for not doing anything to help
-But in retrospect he realizes there was nothing to be done
-At the time Marc thought that the crash was going to be more catastrophic than it was
-The helicopter was carrying a rubber bladder
-Water was carried in these giant rubber bladders
-Incidentally fuel was carried in an identical bladder
-Marc thought the rubber bladder was fuel and was preparing for the worst
-Turned out that it was a water
-By the time the ammunition had all detonated his battery had been destroyed
-He had no gun, no “hooch” and no possessions
-After the crash he didn’t have any real function left on the base
-He was given a helmet, a flak jacket and a M16 rifle and told to stay out of the way
-He was able to catch some much needed sleep and that afternoon woke in a panic to artillery fire
-Learned quickly that it was American artillery fire being fired away from the base
(01:42:45) Leaving Firebase Ripcord
-He left Firebase Ripcord on July 22, 1970
-The next day, July 23, Firebase Ripcord was abandoned and destroyed by U.S. B-52 bombers
-He left Ripcord by way of helicopter and was taken back to Camp Evans
-At Camp Evans he was allowed to make one phone call, so he called home
(01:43:28) Contact with Family
-While he was at Ripcord he was still able to receive mail
-In the process of receiving mail he started to receive “get well” cards
-This confused him since he hadn’t been wounded, or gotten sick
-When he arrived at Camp Evans after the Fall of Ripcord he was able to call home
-This was accomplished through a short wave radio relay system
-He was able to get ahold of his family in Pittsburgh at 3 AM
-Told his mother that he was okay
-Learned that he’d been mistakenly reported wounded which explained the cards
(01:46:07) End of Service with 101st Airborne Division
-After Ripcord he didn’t stay with the 101st too much longer
-He had initially signed up for a three year commitment to the Army when he enlisted
-He had decided to extend his time in Vietnam
-He signed up for an extra six months in Vietnam, but after that he was completely done
-It just so happened that a few days after he signed up for that, Ripcord happened

�(01:47:49) Going Home on Leave
-He was able to return home for thirty days of leave
-He didn’t experience any harassment from anti-war protestors
-He returned to welcoming friends and family
-While home on leave he was able to attend a friend’s wedding
-While home on leave he was issued his Liquor Control Board card
-This enabled him to purchase alcohol in Pennsylvania
-He accepted that he was going back to Vietnam
-He knew that it would only be for six more months
(01:50:24) Returning to Vietnam
-Upon his return to Vietnam he signed up to work on a different artillery gun
-He was assigned to the 8 inch and 175mm self-propelled artillery guns
-Essentially a tank, but with an artillery cannon instead of a tank gun
-The prospect of being in self-propelled artillery was exciting to him
-He was assigned to the 25th Infantry Division
-Operating in the northern part of South Vietnam, just south of the demilitarized zone
(01:51:15) Serving with the 25th Infantry Division
-His unit didn’t move around as much as he had during his previous tour
-The artillery pieces were too big to move
-It wasn’t necessary to continuously move them because of their range
-The 175mm could reach up to twenty three miles
-The 8 inch could reach up to ten miles
-He worked predominantly with the 175mm
-He learned how to properly load the gun
-Learned that the recoil was so powerful you could be knocked off the tank
-Powder bags for each round weighed one hundred pounds
-This cannon happened to be fed with a hydraulic system
-The explosion was always incredibly loud
-It took much longer to load and to fire
-The bases that they were operating out of were much farther away from civilian centers
-One of the bases, Camp Carroll, was located directly south of the demilitarized zone
-They were so close to North Vietnam they could see NVA troops across the border
-They were able to raise their flag at the same time the NVA raised their flag
-They would fire a few artillery rounds at each other and then take a break
-To Marc the whole thing seemed fairly absurd and stylized
-His last six months in Vietnam were basically spent on the demilitarized zone
(01:54:50) End of Service
-His time in Vietnam ended on April 30, 1971
-Towards the end of his service he volunteered to be an infantryman
-He was curious about taking part in the incursions into Cambodia and Laos
-He was interviewed for the position of being a general’s driver
-His request was ultimately denied
-At the end of his service he didn’t know whether they were firing into Cambodia or Laos
-At the end of his service he noticed that the war was definitely winding down
-Drug use became more prevalent in those last six months
-Race issues started to crop up more between the black and the white soldiers

�-To him the whole idea of being divided over race seemed pointless
-Soldiers would naturally form their own groups
-Rural soldiers, city soldiers, and black soldiers
-By the end of his service the Black Power movement was in full swing
-To him, race was irrelevant: if you can do your job, I don’t care what you are
-Fragging became more prevalent
-That is the assassination of a superior officer by a subordinate
-The sergeant major of his unit had an attempt on his life
-It was usually done using frag grenades to make it look like an accident
-By the end of his tour he was just concerned with not being the last American killed in the war
-He’d heard stories of men who died on their last patrol
-This created animosity towards the superiors which led to fragging
-He, and other soldiers, began to question whether or not the war had been worthwhile
-Despite the combination of morale issues the unit was still able to work effectively
(02:00:36) Leaving Vietnam and Coming Home
-When it was time to go he simply saw that it was time to go
-There was nothing sentimental about the departure
-He flew from Vietnam to Fort Lewis, Washington
-On the way over they stopped in Anchorage, Alaska to refuel
-As soon as they left Vietnam everyone on board the plane was in a great mood
-At Fort Lewis he was processed out of the Army and given a medical screening
-Learned that he had lost about 10% of his hearing
-Didn’t really affect his life though
-He has a spot on his leg that causes him pain from time to time
-Medical personnel didn’t have an answer for it
-He attributes it to when he crashed the truck in basic training
-At Fort Lewis he was given a plane ticket for a flight to Pittsburgh
-When the cabin door closed it sounded like a NVA 82mm mortar exploding
-Caused him and the soldier next to him to jump
-They shared a laugh afterwards
-When he arrived home nobody knew that he was coming
-He was able to surprise his father at the insurance agency
(02:04:30) Life after the War
-He decided to go to college on the GI Bill
-He bought a Datsun 240Z sports car
-He had been sending money home to save up for it
-It was only $3600 new at the time
-He bought a bright orange one
-He attended college at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York
-He had no real urge to go to college; it just seemed like a thing to do
-He majored in business
-He was placed in an engineering fraternity
-During his second year a plane landed on the campus
-For only $16 he could take flying lessons, so he did
-During his second year of college he decided to leave
-He didn’t feel like he had any direction in school

�-He felt bored being in school after being in combat
-After leaving college he got an apartment in Pittsburgh
-Lived with a roommate who was a Liquor Control Board agent
-Neighborhood was so bad they would take a pistol to go to the Laundromat
-During that time in Pittsburgh he got a job at a Hickory Farms store
-He was fired from that job because they wanted young girls to sell their products
-He got a job at an Arby’s in downtown Pittsburgh
-He was one of their first employees
-Stayed there for a while
-During that time he would work from 6 AM – 2 PM
-After work he would go and continue his flying lessons
(02:09:27) Working for the Family Insurance Agency
-One day he got a call from his father saying that help was needed at the insurance agency
-His first job was making rubber seals and setting type for official documents
-He also did various odd jobs for the company
-He started off in the mail room
-This was all part of a five year apprenticeship program
-After a while he was able to work his way up to the front room
-He has been working for the agency for forty two years (as of the time of the interview)
(02:10:59) A Good and a Bad Time in Vietnam
-During his time in Vietnam he found that war has a strange beauty to it
-One of the better times was the New Year’s Eve he spent in Vietnam
-He remembers being on a firebase on top of a hill drinking with his comrades
-The artillery and the infantry were shooting flares into the sky as fireworks
-He remembers watching all the other units in the area doing the same
-One of the bad times was while he was travelling from one area to the next
-He was in a 2.5 ton Army truck with a group of other soldiers
-One of the soldiers had to relieve himself, so he stood up and urinated off the truck
-This soldier wound up urinating on a couple of Vietnamese girls going by
-They were understandably upset, but couldn’t do anything to retaliate
-He remembers that that was the definitive “ugly American” experience
-Only other time similar to that was the incident with the prostitute
(02:15:10) Reflections on Service Pt. 1
-His time in the Army and in Vietnam gave him quick exposure to the “real world”
-He was able to see Vietnam, Hong Kong and Australia (the last two while on R&amp;R)
-It gave him a chance to be around men from all over the United States
-For him it was jarring to go back to suburban America
-He feels that a lot of people would benefit from that kind of exposure
-He doesn’t believe that his service necessarily made him a better person
-Feels that it just made him more worldly and realistic
-He never had to visibly shoot and kill anyone
-There is one experience involving a Vietnamese mortar team that has stuck with him
-There was a mortar team down the hill from a firebase
-They fired on it and definitely killed both of them
-At the time it didn’t affect him, but later on he has had remorse
-Realizes that they both had families and were just following orders

�-He doesn’t have any interest as being seen as an “old fashioned” veteran
-Meaning marching in parades or being involved with veterans’ groups
-He has never felt the need to go spend time with old “war buddies”
-His service has made him more pragmatic and direct in his approach to tasks
-His brother calls him jokingly “Sergeant Marc”
-He doesn’t see the point in debating a task, just get it done
-His approach wasn’t always appreciated because it tended to be unorthodox
-This in turn has forced him to be more patient
(02:23:50) Moments of Peace
-He has only had two moments of peace in his life
-Always had a hard time finding the chance to be still and contemplative
-Once was while flying back to Pittsburgh in his own plane at dusk
-The other time was in Vietnam while he was at Ripcord
-There was a lull in the fighting prior to the battle
-He remembers watching the sun rise and looking out at the landscape
-He could see the peaceful land and the South China Sea
-No signs of battle, or a human presence
-It was surprisingly beautiful
(02:28:40) Reflections on Service Pt. 2
-He didn’t really think about his experiences too much after they were over
-He had always been open about talking about his experiences
-During a divorce he was contacted by Keith Noland who was writing about Ripcord
-It was one of the few times that talking about Ripcord shook him
-He didn’t suffer from PTSD, but that phone call had a profound effect on him
(02:31:00) Ripcord Reunions
-He attended the 30th Ripcord Reunion that was in Shreveport, Louisiana
-Most of the men had been in the infantry, so he didn’t really know anyone
-Captain Rich showed up, so Marc got a chance to see him again
-He felt more emotional attachment to the event than to the people
-He went to the Harrisburg, Pennsylvania reunion for a few hours
-He always felt alienated at reunions having been in the artillery and not the infantry
-He is (at the time of the interview) considering going to the Myrtle Beach Reunion (Oct. 2014)
-He might be more inclined to go since other artillery veterans are going
-The one reunion he definitely wants to attend is the 50th Ripcord Reunion
-To him it seems essential since a fiftieth anniversary is always a landmark moment

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                    <text>'. Itinerary: "Art is a Drag" exhibition

Feb. 6 - 17

RECEPTION &amp; EVENTS:
Tuesday, Feb. 14th, 2017
Padnos Student Gallery
Calder Arts Center

11am - 12pm : Jae Basiliere, Assistant Professor

5pm - 6pm : Art is a Drag show reception

of Women, Gender and Sexuality StudiesPresentation on drag culture I history of LGBT+

Snacks will be provided

communities and academic research on drag kings
Snacks will be provided

6pm - 7pm Live drag show with Salem

12pm - 2pm : Film screening of ·Paris is Burning, •
followed by discussion lead by artists, Kaylee and
Rachel Britton
Snacks will be provided.

2pm - 5pm Open discussion with drag perform
ers os they put their makeup on for their evening
performance. Watch Solem Massacre, Jack Dup,
Ginger Ambrosia, and Beeka Darwin apply their
transformative makeup and create their characters
while having an open discussion on activism, academia, art and photography and how these topics,
and more, intersect with drag
Contact: Kaylee Britton brittoko@moiLgvsu.edu
Visit our show on Focebook! ~Art is a Oro Exhibition~

Massacre, Jock Dup, Ginger Ambrosio and

Beek.a Darwin, followed by a Q &amp; A session
with the performers and artists

7pm - 8pm Drag queen/ king hfe
drawing. Bring your own materials and
sketch the performers while they pose as
their characters in drag

8pm - 10 pm Open micl Performance
space open to any and all acts poetry
comedy, drag, etc/ Come with moteno/5,
acts. songs, and anything you need to per
farm All ore welcome to attend and 01
perform

LIB 100 &amp; 201 APPROVED

�</text>
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ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION

................................................MUSKE!',.,ON ..JIOIJ.s.E. .. D.F. .. .J.E:1.ISH .. :10B..S."liP................................... .
················································································-·················-···············-···················-··························
These Articles of Incorporation are signed and acknowledged by the incorporators for the purpose
of forming a non.profit corporation under the provisions of Act No. 327 of the Public Acts of 1931,
known as the Michigan General Corporation Act, as follows:
ARTICLE I.
·. The name of this corporation is ..... MJJ.§~Q-.9.N... H.9.:!J.$.E... Qi: ••• ,J.E.?Ll.$.lD'.QB.$..J:UP........................ .
~.
.................. ···-- ··--·----···--···· ... ········. -............. -.... ---·· ..... - . -- .... -...... -···· .......................... ·- .......................... -·. --..
ARTICLE II.
The purpose or purposes of this corporation are as follows:

...TQ... ~.s.t.a.b.li~b. .. a ... c.o.ngr.ega.t.i.on .. .f.ar...p.ur.p.o.se ...a.f. .. t.ea.c.hing. ..and .. .s:nr.eading. .
.. the .. relig.ious .. beliefs...and .. principles ...or.. the .. Jewish .. faith ..a.nd··············
.. .P.!'.:.9.~J~ll}g_ ..{;...hR.1:l§.!;l... Q.f.. YJ.Ql'.§b.t;;,...tb.e.r.\:lfQr.; ...e,n!l... :t.he...m.e.rob.e.r.i;i... .9.f. ...i;;.{3,i~........ .

...&lt;;.QD.8r.e.ge,t.:i.Qn .. .sh1'1l.l...Yf.9l'.ship...and ..lab.or....tog.ethe.r. .. ac.c.ar.ding ...m ...:the........ .

...9..:i..~.~.i.Yli!J&amp; ...&lt;:f. ....t.h.e... l'.Hl~.s...and ...u.sagas...af... the ...Je.w.i.sh. ..fai:th,...........................
..................................................................................................................................................................
······························-················-··-·····················••··················----··································································
················································································--···············································································

················································································-·······················-··-·····················································
ARTICLE III.
The location of the corporation islc .. .and...H.o.u.se... o.f... :':.or,.sh.i•P·••i&amp;•~U-sk~g.on .................... .
in the County of...M.1A.~.1$;~gQJ'.l. ........................ -••···• State of........ Michigan...................... Post Office
address of registered office in Michigan is ... 114.6. .. Ho.y.:t ...S.t.1:e.e.1.,...i-.•.us.ke.;Qll ..lie.igh.t.~.1 ........ .

.....M.i ch i.gan. •....................... •············ ········ ·················· ············ ······························ ····················· ··········

�ARTICLE IV.
Said cor po ration is organi zed upon a ........... ~~.Q.&lt;;.K ................................................................. basis.
(Stock -share or non -sto ck)

(If upon a stock.share· basis fill in the following )

Th e total number of shares of common stock which the corporation shall have authority to issue is

.......J.§9....~.hrn~.~····································· ·············of

the par value of $.......~9.,.Q9..............per share.

The amount of paid-in capital with which this corporation will begin business is $.... l i:200.-.0.0.,.....
(This most not be less than $1000)

~H!~~

....... .................................................................................................................................... .

•• ••• • • •• ••••• • ••••••••• • •••••••••••••••••••••• •• ••••••••••••• • •••••• • • • •••••••• • "4•• • ••• • ••• •• ••••••••• •• • • ••• • •••••••• ••• • •••••••• •• ••• • .. •••••••••••••••••••••••

-

·················-···························-··-··················································-········· ........................... ....... .................. .
-------------····--··························································

--····· .... ------

---- ...........

.........

.......................... .

~---1!1'81-~ ·· ······························ ············· ····- ···· ····· ········ ············ ······-·············· ··························-··

················································································-·································· ............................................... ..
···································· . ···········································-················································································

···································· . ·························-·················-················...·................................................................. .
Said corporation is to be financed under the following general plan :...P..Y. ...?.19.9.~... ~.ll.P.§.&lt;;.rJ..P.Jton S

~.ng....by. ...c.on.trib.uti.ans .. nf...co.ngr.eg.atio.n .. an.d. .. s.ocie.t.i.as...Q:pe.r.at..i!lg...in. ........
.c.on.junc.r.io.n..:th.:;.r.e.wi.t.h.............................-................................................................................
ARTICLE V.
The names and places of residence, or business, of each of the incorporators and (if a corporation
organized upon a stock-share basis) the number of shares of common stock subscribed by each are as
follows:

NAMES

RESIDENCE OR
BUSIXESS ADDRESS

NUl\IBER OF
SHARES

Harr Y. Fisher.,... i:J.di vid ·..ia ll.Y....... 259 .. Stt awa .. S t. -1.............................
and as l'rustee,
Muske g on, .';,ic h igan.

5

!!-.Rii~:lW·&amp;~i-~J;·

5

1!],gJyJ.g.g§..U.Y. ..

·

~~!·k~···o!:·~tr~~ii!~·:·-'······························.' ·········

L?.~ ..s.....Hosen.z ... bd iv id ually ..... 1146 -·~ oyt .. st ..•............................................ ~.Q ........ .
and a s Tr ustee,
Lu s keg on ne i gh t s, :,i .i ch •

.......... .. .. .... .. .... ... ............. ........ .. .... .............. .. ..... ... ..-............... ········ ............................................Id..O. .......
······································•······················..................... -........................................................................................ .
.. .. . . ....······ ............................... - ................................... --··· .................. ······••··•··•······ ......................... ·- ............... .

�ARTCCLE VI.
The 1111mes and addresses of the first board of directors (or trustees) are as fo ll ows:

ADDRESS

NAME

Pa ul Wiener,

1001

.S.aro.u.e.l .. Lipm~n ..................................................

~.~~d!rt•~·H·~in~l~··!1:v:1·cn·;·······················

,i .

Summ it,

················································································... ctOtiS·ev~1ghfair:··1t u·sxegon·;··················

{!-fr~¼~igft·/~~r: ctrI·~an·;································
..L~R...~.'. ... ~.g.l?.~.n.,................................................... }.aiieigh·\~i@I1:·s·;··;;1·c1:1·~·······················

.J.os.e..Ph .. S.tr.ifl.ing.1 .........................................

i•~s·i~ioii·;···ft~frt·g~~~.!............................. .

.f:~'9.~... ~~~.'?.~J~.!..! ...................................................

ARTICLE VII.
The term of this corporation is fixed at .......... :thir.tY. .............. ............. years.
ARTICLE VIII.
(Here insert any desired additional provisions authorized by the Act) .

. ........................... ·Rider .. Annexed .................................................................................................... .

--'--'-----------•-•... --3~

.......

Rider.

~ In event no church building is completed on or before five years/from the
dat e he reof on Lot 1 of Block 336 of the Re vised Pla t of the City of
Muske gon, County of Muskegon, State of Michigan, which this corporation is
presently purchasing on land contract, said J.uld shall b~ome the property,
of the stockholders of this corporation in proportion to the number of
sha res of stock respectively held by them; but in event said church building is completed within the time limited therefor, the stockholding members
of this coruoration shall surrender their stock for cancellation, without
'an~ righ_t , of 3:eimburser:1eI:t . for any pf:l_r.! .,~£ the amount PB;!d therefor; and~.
~ thereafter".l'.!sa1.d corporat1.onkshall operate~on a non- stoc_kjlQasis. , and shall
be fin an ced by cont ribu tions of t he members thereof. From and - after tlie·
date th is corpor at ion cea ses to operate on a stock basis, the members of
the Congregation Sons of Israel of Muskegon shall i so facto become members .·
of t his corporation, having the right to become trustees and officers
thereof, and shall be vested with the voting power of the corporation.

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-- --....

------·-.··•- -:-~-..;:.;..,.__d
---·,-·•-................
-------·------------·--------,..__)---··. ------------ ··-····------·- -----·-------- --- - ---- --- .-·-· ----- -· --·····-·----------~-----.--- ·---

-•·-- VVUJ.'

.l. · .1. -· VL' ~~~ ~.;;.~ ;;.~ . ·.. :-:-:;.·.•

On this ..................... )..,!;_............ day of...... June....................... , A. D. 19 ..3.8.. , before me a Notary
Public in and for said County, personally appeared ...... Le.9...S .•... d.Qs.e.n., ........................................... .

..Andrew .. E"P st.ein .. and .. narry.. J i sher .................................................................................... .
·······················--·--············ .. ·····································--------··· ·············································-················-----·--·
to me known to be the persons named in and who executed the foregoing instrument, and severally
aeknowledged that they executed the same freely and for th~ents and purpomein me

. ned .

. . ~...... 4-...................................
Notary Publlc.

l\'ly commission expires ..............

.&amp;......

.f••••~ ( .••••••• ,

1~

�ARTI CLE VI.
The nnmes and nddresses of the first board of directors (or trustees) are as follows:
ADDRESS

N,\l\[E

Paul Wiener,

1001 ,, • Summit,

·················································································•·ctoolre"telt···p~r1r·;··11,:u-g1n~gon·;········· ·········

.S.amuel. .. Lipm~n ...............................................

_.~.~~1&lt;-il·f!~·fl~i;i-1;··!h:i·cn·;·······················

-·-lit~¼&amp;~·gR·/fictrI·~an·;································
. Leo ..s. •... rl osen ,................................................... ,:~!~e ~~Kt a~~ght s , ·· ,,.1 c11·. ······················

.J.as.e.J.)h .. S.tr.ifJ.ing.J ......................................

.~:~'9.~... ~.~9.'?.t.~.~·~·'···················································j,is•~~toii·;···1t~i1i~ir~·!............................. .
ARTICLE VII.
The term of this corporation is fixed at .......... :thir.ty............................ years.
ARTICLE VIII.
(Here insert any desired additional provisions authorized by the A.ct) .

............................ Rider .. Annexed . ··················-················································································

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the incorporators have signed these Articles of Incorporation this
.......................... ../.~..
✓

_

~..~ ..... day of.......1..&lt;T.~~~............................., A.. D. 19~.?.....

✓-

···J'!;&lt;;--r. . - .f-.:.____

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-

. : ......... ........... ·....... &lt;·-················································································

ST.ATE OF MICHIGAN

}

ss.

COUNTY OF ............ M~.$.~~_gi,t················
On this .............. ...... ./.:~............. day of...... June......................., A.. D. 19 ..58.. , before me a Notary
Public in and for said County, personally appeared ...... Le..o...S .•... rl.as.e.n.,........................................... .

.. Andrew .. EI&gt;st.ein .. and .. uarry .. ! isher···-······························· ·················································

to me known to be the persons named in and who executed the foregoing instrument, and severally
arknowledged that they executed the same freely and for th2ents and purpomein me

. ned .

....~ . -.... 4....................................
Notary Publtc.

.l\Iy commission expires..............

&amp;..·-·-'····~(........,1 ~

�l&lt;'orm 2-12-11-3:-r---30M

ORIGINAL

(Non-Profit)

MICHIGAN
ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
01&lt;'

Under Act 327, Public Acts of 1931
(This hlank prql:tre,l hy Miehi~an Corporation
and ~ecuriti,•s l.'ommissiou)

�l".~.C , - ,..
--"'"""'--- -------- -

----

(Use form No. 16, loetetul of tbltt form, wbere amendment cbao.te s the
rlgbtl!I, prlvllelfeS or preferences of the holders of shares of any eluss )

CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT TO THE
ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION

MUSKEGON HOUSE OF JEWISH WORSHIP
1146 Hoyt Street, Muskegon Hts., -Mich.
- - - - -- - - - - - - -

Registered Office :

We, the undersigned, being the President

and Secrets

of the

Muske on House of Jewish Worshi
a corporation existing under the provisions of Act 327 of the Public Acts of 1931, as amended, do hereby
certify, as required by said act :
That at a meeting of the shareholders of said corporation duly called for the purpose of amending its
articles of incorporation and held at the office of the company on th_.,____
2_7_t_h__day of___D_e_c_e_m_b__:_e_r,L_
A. D., 1 9 ~ , it was resolved, by the vote of the holders of the majority of its shares,• that Articles
No.

~'-..

IV &amp; VIIJ__ of the articles of incorporation be and

the ~ame are amended so as to read as follows, viz.:

. ARTICLE_____!_!._ _t k b .
asis.
S aid Corpora t ion is organized upon anon-soc
(a
The total number of shares of common stock which the corpora ion s

have author·t
share.

to issue is none shares of the

ar value of none per

Said Corporation is to be financed under the following general plan:
B subscri tions contributions alread obtained or suoseauently obtained.
ARTICLE VIII.
The rider attached to original Article
II o organza on o corporation under Article VIII is stricken and in lieu thereof the following article or rider is substituted: Whereas
is corpora
hereafter o erate on a non-stock basis no contributor or subscriber, past or future, shall have a claim foTshare or s ares o s oc
of said cornoration.
The control and dis osition of the assets· of the
vested in the Board of Trustees, duly elected by
members accordin to the b -laws.
Forty-three stock holders 95-o were present at the said meeting.
of them voted for the amendments.
--

...,.,__,...__

.--,

. ---

--

--

AU.

----- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - -

�The Stock Holders of the ~'uskegon House of J ewish Worship ,
a ~ichigan Corporation
NOTICE OF MEETI NG
Please be advised t t at a meeting will be held of the stock
holders of The Muskegon House of Jewish Worship , e. !fj chi gan Corporation, on December 27th, 1943, at 10:00 K.V., in the Elue Room at the
Occidental Hotel, in :luske~on, ~ ichi ga n.
The purpose of said meeting shall be:
I.

To offer to the stock holders for approval the follow-

ing amendments to the Articles of Incorporation:

Article IV.
To emend article IV to read as follows:
3aid Corporation is or 9anized upon a non - stock basis.
\a)

The total n•.1mber of shares of common stock ·Nl-dch tr.e corporation shall have authority to iss·,.1e is none shares of the var value
of none per share.

ARTICLE.: VII I.
To amend article VII I to read as follows:
.
The · rider attached to original Article VIII of organization
or cornoration under Arti cle VIII is stric ken and in lieu thereof the
following articl e o r r i::l.er is s uost i t .;ted :
·-::ie rea s tl,i s corno ration
shall hereafter operate on a non-stock ba sis, no c ontributor, or subscriber, past or future, shall ha ·, e a claim for share or shares of
stock of said corporation.
I
The control and disposition of the assets of the corporation
shall be vested in the Eo 2rd of Trustees, dulv elected bv the contributing members according to the bv-laws .
II.
III.

To approve the proposed by-laws .
To elect officePs.

IV. To perform any and all other business that shall come
before the meeting.
DATED:

November 27, 1943

(si~ned Morton L. Wolfe
Secretary
M\~skegon House of Jewish Worship

�IN WITNESS WHEREOF, we hereunto sign our names this _______ ?S_tE_
_ _ _D_e?ern_!)_~~L- - - - --

_ __ day of

- -

A. D., 194~--

;"· Ori - thi,,,__ ____c2=-9_t-'-h-'---- - - - - day o,,..__ _ _ _D.c.c:_e_c_e_m_b__e:....r_ _ _ _ __ , 194_3_, before me

;~~ta;y Public in and for said County, appeare(l__ ___!:L~e~o::._:S=•~Ro~s~e~n~::;;~;;;:::ji~i;i;;;;;:=-:;--------:-

;~~ -is

of the_ 'filns~e on House of Jewish

President

(Name of corporation)

(O!rlce)

Worshi
ki7iown to me to be -the person named in, and who executed the foregoing instrument, and acknowledged that
he executed the same freely and for the intents and purposes therein mentioned.

Notary Public for-__,M,.,u,,._,,,s_.,k,.,,e'-""o""n,..____ _ _ _ _ _ __

\.

Coimty; Sta_te of Michigan.
My commission expires_Lebruar

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�</text>
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                  <text>Temple B'nai Israel Collection</text>
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                  <text>Collection of photographs, scrapbooks, programs, minutes, and other records of the Temple B'nai Israel in Muskegon, Michigan. The collection was created as part of the L'dor V'dor project directed by Dr. Marilyn Preston, and was supported by grants from the Kutsche Office of Local History and Michigan Humanities Council. Original materials were digitized by the University Libraries and returned to the synagogue.</text>
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                  <text>L'dor V'dor (project)</text>
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              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                  <text>DC-08</text>
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              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Image</text>
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                  <text>Text</text>
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              <name>Type</name>
              <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                  <text>image/jpeg</text>
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                  <text>application/pdf</text>
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              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                  <text>eng</text>
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              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Circa 1920s-2018</text>
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      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>DC-08_BI_1947-08-22_Articles_of_Incorporation</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Michigan Corporation and Securities Commission</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Articles of Incorporation</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Articles of incorporation for the Muskegon House of Jewish Worship.</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Jews--United States</text>
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                <text>Muskegon (Mich.)</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Digital file contributed by the B'nai Israel Temple as part of the L'dor V'dor project.</text>
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            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
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                <text>L'dor V'dor (project)</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="879059">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"&gt;In Copyright&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Text</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>application/pdf</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>eng</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1034389">
                <text>Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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