112 24 26018 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/ab51bbbba24af2c248d96915b2bdbdf9.mp4 4ca9a52c0c6d7985b9d476d6f75a68eb https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/8fb0131c04d5d07ae1b9b0be2912ac66.pdf e900abf0a5f88a9e55c86cba5b31e17e PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans History Project Interview Vietnam War Tex Campbell Length of Interview: 52:23 min (00:17) Background Information Born February 20, 1949 in Grand Prairie, Texas (00:20) Father in oil drilling business, moved around frequently (00:44) Father was in World War II, North African campaign (01:45) After high school worked in the oil drilling rigs (00:50) Was working in the drilling rigs when drafted by Army (00:56) (01:20) Draft/ Training Sworn into Army April 10, 1968 (02:25) Drafted at age 20, most drafted straight out of high school (01:25) Sent to Fort Bliss, El Paso, Texas for basic training 8-9 weeks (02:00) Training was easy, in good physical shape from rigging and had hunted all life (03:25) Sent to Fort Ord, California for advanced individual training (05:30) Learned how to use M-16, bazooka, mortars, and fire hand guns (07:00) Training didn’t prepare him for Vietnam (09:10) (10:00) Active Duty Flew from Travis Air Force Base, California via Anchorage, Alaska, and Tokyo, Japan, to Bien Hoa, Vietnam (10:35) First impression was that is stunk; had an unforgettable smell (10:55) When the plane landed the base was under rocket attack (11:13) Issued fatigues and jungle boots put in 101st Airborne Division Delta Company (12:00) Received 5 days of preparatory training to get in Vietnam mindset (13:05) Flew to Phouc Vinh where delta company base was located (14:30) When arrived at company referred to as “fresh meat” (15:00) Put as ammo bearer and made friends with a machine gunner (16:00) During night patrol, put on listening post, and claymore went off, thought fired upon (17:10) Patrolled the Cu Chi area everyday rain or shine and sent ambushes every night (19:15) First combat assault, dropped off by helicopter, everybody fired weapons, except him because he couldn’t find the enemy (19:45) (20:00) Transfer to Camp Evans Left Phouc Vinh and transferred to Camp Evans late 1968 (21:20) Booby traps were grenades in a can with trip wires (22:27) While patrolling rice paddies encountered booby traps (23:00) In the A Shau Valley everything was uphill and covered in thick jungle (24:40) Encountered minimal opposition from enemy, sporadic fire-fights (25:45) While in the mountains carried the M-60 machine gun (26:25) Enemy would usually ambush them and then quickly retreat (27:00) �Discovered abandoned enemy training facility with wooden RPGs (28:05) When encountered enemy complexes/ bunkers destroyed them (28:50) When flying into a hot landing zone, had to get off helicopter as fast as possible (29:15) Never had any idea of their location or where to call in medical evacuation if needed (30:25) Usually in field for 90 days at a time and went to base for a 2 day break to resupply (31:41) Fire bases under attack from mortar fire and enemy would reposition target each time (33:45) Received C-rations and sundry pack (cigs, pen and paper, soap, sewing kit) on fire base (34:30) Many soldiers were infected with jungle rot infection, treated with fungicide (35:45) Got fresh water from mountain streams and bomb craters (36:30) (45:00) Post Service Vietnam tour ended in late August 1969 (40:40) Attended Combat Leadership School in Australia while on leave (41:48) Never forget first guy see killed or when best friend dies (44:00) Flew out from Bien Hoa to Okinawa, Honolulu, and Travis Air Force Base, California (45:54) Encountered protestors that spit at them when got off plane (47:05) Sent to Fort Carson, Colorado, and assigned to 50th Ordnance Company (48:02) Assigned to project transition being a carpenter’s assistant (48:45) Went to work in oil rigging after leaving service (50:00) Became emotionally closed off (51:00) � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Campbell, William (Interview outline and video), 2012 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Campbell, William Description An account of the resource Tex Campbell was born in Grand Prairie, Texas, in 1949, and was drafted into the Army in 1968. After training in Fort Bliss, Texas, he was sent to Vietnam and assigned to an infantry company in the 101st Airborne Division. His unit patrolled around Phuoc Vinh and Cu Chi for several months, and then moved north and operated out of Camp Evans. His unit spent most of its time in the field, and was involved in actions in the A Shau Valley in 1969. Upon his return from Vietnam, he spent the last part of his enlistment at Fort Carson, Colorado. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Veterans Video recordings United States. Army Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2012-10-04 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CampbellT1454V Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c64c557ff7519f1d4fca10c3256c5f54.jpg d103f8451244e7b5cc58503f7af4c2f0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Decorated Publishers' Bindings Subject The topic of the resource Book covers Covers (Illustration) Graphic arts Publishers and publishing Pictorial bindings Description An account of the resource From the early 1870s to roughly 1930, many publishers issued their commercial book covers with a remarkable variety of graphic designs and illustrations. This sixty-year period saw many artists and designers contributing to this art form. While some can be identified from their style or initials, others remain unknown. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Michigan Novels Collection Regional Historical Collection Lincoln and the Civil War Collection Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-08-30 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>, <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-01 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source Michigan Novels Collection. PS3537.P348 C36 1913 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-01_Bindings0041 Title A name given to the resource Camping on the Great Lakes Description An account of the resource Binding of Camping on the Great Lakes, by Raymond S. Spears, published by Harper & Brothers, 1913. Subject The topic of the resource Book covers Covers (Illustration) Graphic arts Publishers and publishing Pictorial bindings Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c54fe966e7de122508ec01e3c46d19f1.jpg 0bdee8f441036fd9abba76051dd6e309 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource D.J. Angus Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography—United States Mexico Engineering Indiana Michigan Description An account of the resource An extensive photographic record of Angus’ work and travels throughout the U.S. and Mexico. The images of manmade and natural phenomenon often reflect his interest in engineering projects that include dams, bridges, mines, power plants, cliff dwellings, and quarries. Indiana resident and entrepreneur, D. J. Angus produced an extensive photographic record of his work and travels throughout the U.S. and Mexico, during the late 1920s -1940s. The images of manmade and natural phenomenon often reflect his interest in engineering projects that include dams, bridges, mines, power plants, cliff dwellings, and quarries. Over 10,000 still images from 1903-1966 document Angus’ family, friends, business, and travels. Over 12,000 ft. of 16mm movie film complete this collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Angus, Donald James (D.J.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/437">D.J. Angus Photographs (RHC-04)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-04 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1900-1960 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-21 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/437">D.J. Angus photographs and films, RHC-04</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-04-A10Ap2 Title A name given to the resource Camping on trip to Southwest Description An account of the resource Camping on trip to Southwest. Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Angus, Donald James (D. J.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1932 Type The nature or genre of the resource Image https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/8c7743d9ab49fee991a3423a6c7bf604.jpg d6b1e612a96d0936f77096464aac1265 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_K016-0002 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970-02-17 Title A name given to the resource Campton Town Hall, Kane County, Illinois Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of the Campton Town Hall building located in Campton Township in rural Kane County, Illinois. The building has served primarily as the administrative offices for the township dating back to 1874. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource City halls--Illinois Campton (Ill. : Township) Kane County (Ill.) Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/d8ae90934864a61a29a806c6451ac15b.jpg f753bf5654175c7bf1e5486ecfcb42f4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_K166-0001 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970-07-16 Title A name given to the resource Campton Town Hall, Kane County, Illinois Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of an exterior view of the Campton Town Hall building, located in the village of Campton Hills in Kane County, Illinois. The building has operated continuously since 1874 and has primarily served as the administrative office building for Campton Township. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Campton (Ill. : Township) City halls--Illinois Kane County (Ill.) Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/7b99f310f9b8eecb91a21e1b31c11c80.jpg 1f6bbc4b4cfb465ea786c1fe9977689e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_B010-0013 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1961-02-01 Title A name given to the resource Campus Bridge over the Red Cedar River Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of the campus bridge located on the Red Cedar River on the campus of Michigan State University, as taken on February 1, 1961. Photograph by Douglas R. Gilbert. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Michigan State University East Lansing (Mich.) Football--Michigan Football stadiums Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/e22bd6cc152a00d5c031c92eb4cbca7e.jpg 8208eb754b546728928a38e2934cfeed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection Campus Center 1970s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000190 Title A name given to the resource Campus Center Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Van der Lende, Craig Description An account of the resource Campus Center, ca. 1975. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Grand Valley State College Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Facilities Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1975 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/05a95c39e22239e495ef8d52251c2554.jpg 4a470ad15f00248ebcf408b8d407d5a4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1970s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000771 Title A name given to the resource Campus Center Description An account of the resource Kirkhof student center. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Facilities Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives color photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/57d360d4163aa3ae6512c6d5915097fc.jpg 4deddd21c23049c9ea0ab4b545dd8965 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1970s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000772 Title A name given to the resource Campus Center Description An account of the resource Kirkhof student center. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Universities and colleges Facilities Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/bf14efd21eb36c2fe7776b51eeb6ca99.jpg 15766a470b1b08b2a864e2ecd493c3c0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1970s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000317 Title A name given to the resource Campus Center bookstore Description An account of the resource Campus Center bookstore, The Great laker Shoppe Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Facilities Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/3bdfc68317508ca8ab2aae304de25461.jpg a5a2af72e84f04c6441e9c5425c67c68 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection Campus Center 1980s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000198 Title A name given to the resource Campus Center. Bus in front of Campus Center Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Brown, Mike Description An account of the resource Bus in front of Campus Center. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Transportation Facilities Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1982 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/8cf5589bbf87548ea21d70b4108a1fc7.jpg 85098a4ca42361258feb513004bdd52d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection Russel H. Kirkhof Center Kirkhof Center Campus Center 1970s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000069 Title A name given to the resource Campus Center. Construction of Campus Center Description An account of the resource View from Zumberge Library across the pond of Kirkhof Center under construction, ca. 1974. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Facilities Construction Student unions Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/21bf1396785e26404f0b22def130a9c5.jpg 85106235dc1b2b576d24a9b2cd67f082 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1970s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000224 Title A name given to the resource Campus Center. Student waiting for elevator Description An account of the resource Female student waiting to use elevator in the Campus Center. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Students Facilities Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0d9d2f46350852a13f0064f4a8d6ed20.jpg 9294054b5ab9d316a3954532ca1d90fc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection Campus Center 1970s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000126 Title A name given to the resource Campus Center. Students at Laker Landing in Campus Center Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Dostie, James M. Description An account of the resource Students waiting in line at Laker Landing in Campus Center Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Students Facilities Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/5e0307d06bc77698e7a056406161e91a.jpg 8b2874ab5f1807d7d3095829ee57fc5d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1980s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000808 Title A name given to the resource Campus Center. Students at reading Description An account of the resource Students at reading in the campus center. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Facilities Students Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/2d3a5225686747b36702ba598213dd6c.jpg 51029430427e7d6e91b902cb8e2627d5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection Russel H. Kirkhof Center Kirkhof Center Campus Center 1970s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000023 Title A name given to the resource Campus Center. Students in Campus Center lounge Description An account of the resource Students listening to music being performed in Campus Center lounge, ca. 1977. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Facilities Students Student unions Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1977 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/5b04c2aff3c17d73c1d9f1661b7e5a8a.pdf 2726c3ad13fde5944d71ca7e52d66317 PDF Text Text MEMORANDUM GRAND VAllfY @ STATE UNMRSITY TO : Grand Valley Community FROM: Dean Mary' Seege!'r '1,/\h'VVS(V""" DATE: Feb. 10, 1993 SUBJECT: Campus Climate for Women 1. Background GVSU is a member institution of the American Council on Education, the organizational umbrella for higher education in the United States . The ACE publication "The New Agenda of Women for Higher Education" was discussed widely on campus when it appeared in 1988. Among the 15 critical recommendations in "The New Agenda" are several that have received attention at GVSU, in particular: Recommendation 1 Seek a strong commitment from the leadership of the institution to understanding and addressing the concerns of women students, faculty, staff, and administrators. and Recommendation 3 Provide a supportive campus climate for women. In the summer of 1991, a number of faculty and staff women proposed the idea of a campus climate study at Grand Valley. President Lubbers supported the idea, and a request for proposals was issued. Dr. Ursula Del worth of the University of Iowa was selected to conduct the study. Known nationally for her studies of campus "ecosystems", Dr. Del worth agreed to review all GV policies and practices as well as conducting the surveys and interviews involved in the project. In the Fall of 1991, President Lubbers appointed a planning committee to work with Dr. Delworth on choosing issues relevant to women for investigation i . The planning committee has been meeting since Winter semester 1992. �2. The work of the committee In its numerous meetings, the committee identified various questions to be included in surveys to be administered to faculty, staff, and students. The committee and its processes have been public, with additional persons joinin9 in ~, and with all materials available to the campus community in 8 locations (JHZ Library; the Field House; L.V. Eberhard; the offices of the deans of Arts and Humanities, Social Sciences, Seidman School, science and Mathematics; and 25 Commerce) . Or. Oelworth made her initial visit to the campus in 1992. over the summer, her team worked on formulating questions for the surveys. The committee reviewed the questions and worked on a plan for implementation. The Executive Committee of the Senate endorsed the project at its meeting of December 4, 1992. 3. What next? Three survey instruments have been developed, one each f o r ~ , .s..t..a.f..f.,and~. A. All faculty and staff, women and men, will be asked to complete the appropriate survey. We need your participation! B. A large-scale survey of students, women and men, will be administered during the current semester, during one daytime class period and some segments of one evening class period. The methodology calls for a sample of 15 to 20 percent of the student body. The survey will take 3 O to 45 minutes. If your class is one that meets at the time selected, I' 11 be in touch with you directly. While I know the difficulty of using class time, the climate study is important for all of us, and I ask you to make every effort to allow your students the opportunity to be a part of the study. c. The data from the three surveys will be analyzed at the University of Iowa. or. Del worth and her team will do some on-campus interviews before completing their report for the university. �Members appointed by President Lubbers in August, 1991 Mary Seeger William Bell Lelande Bond, student Johnine Callahan Joe Cavitt Eva Cooper Deborah Downing Jean Enright June Fletcher Virginia Gordon John Gracki Jacqueline Johnson Frances Kelleher Brian Kelly Sandra Longstreet Alberto Macias Rosalind Mayberry Marie McKendall H. Bart Merkle Nola Nielsen Nathalie Ostroot Diana Pace Elizabeth Rowell, student Virginia Stamler Susan Swartzlander Gloria Tate Julianne Vanden Wyngaard Michael Woods Brien Worrell, student Al Wygant ,. �Other faculty, staff, and students who have been part of the committee's deliberations. Eleanor French Glenda Taylor Cheryl Jones Linda Yuhas Debbie Morrow Cindy Mader Rebecca Andrews, student Kathy Sly, student Sara Culver Bruce Tweddale Elaine Mosure Cathy Hildreth Sandra Boehlke, student Holly Cofer, student Donna Larson Jane Toot Maggie Chivell, student Laura Davis, student Esther Javetz Doris Rucks � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource GVSU Sexuality and Gender Flyers Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Rainbow Resource Center Women and Gender Studies Department Women's Commission Gayle R. Davis Center for Women and Gender Equity Description An account of the resource Digitized posters, flyers, event notices, and other materials relating to gender expression and sexuality at Grand Valley State University, with materials spanning from 1974 to 2019. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974/2019 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digitized from collections at the Rainbow Resource Center (formerly the Milton E. Ford LGBT Resource Center), Women and Gender Studies Department, Women's Commission, and Gayle R. Davis Center for Women and Gender Equity. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Gender identity Gender expression Sexual orientation Women's studies Queer theory Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-09 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-09_SGF_WGS_1993_CampusClimateforWomen.pdf Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Women's Studies Program Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1993-02-10 Title A name given to the resource Campus Climate for Women Description An account of the resource Memorandum from Dean Mary Seeger in regards to the climate study. Included are names of the committee that came up with questions to be included in the surveys. Subject The topic of the resource Women's studies Memorandums College environment--United States. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Department Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0a3d651878afb3cb1ccb773d764b1f64.mp4 90a476840b64957330c721f1007c04b9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley Media Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Description An account of the resource Collection of digitized audio and video from the Grand Valley State University Archives. The collection includes ceremonies, speeches, sports, promotional, and instructional media. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/637">Grand Valley State audiovisual media collection, (GV000-04)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Universities and colleges Michigan Rites and ceremonies Speeches Sports Promotional films Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV000-04 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4; audio/mp3 Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image; Sound Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2017 Moving Image A series of visual representations imparting an impression of motion when shown in succession. Examples include animations, movies, television programs, videos, zoetropes, or visual output from a simulation. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV000-04_PR_GVSU_1969_Campus-footage Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1969 Title A name given to the resource Campus footage, 1969 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/637">Grand Valley State audiovisual media collection, (GV000-04)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Description An account of the resource Campus footage, 1969. This is a video in color without audio. Some footage is dark while other parts have color balance issues. There are shots of the exteriors of campus buildings, and students walking around campus. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 Language A language of the resource eng Subject The topic of the resource Universities and colleges Michigan College publicity Stock footage Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/965368ca5b32cd1092d202bc2873742b.jpg 0bf2255cba43dcddbc8a5ec77d8976f9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1960s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000914 Title A name given to the resource Campus ministers Description An account of the resource Campus ministers, 1968. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/f3b9baec9f0d1edfd13dd1a0eae1a05b.pdf 6d7b37ff437f88d8b694c2e721f7caef PDF Text Text Can I Be Included? Text: Deuteronomy 23:1, Isaiah 56:7, Acts 8:37 Richard A. Rhem Christ Community Church Spring Lake, Michigan Pentecost III, June 20, 1993 Transcription of the spoken sermon “The eunuch shall not be permitted to the assembly of the Lord.” Deuteronomy 23:1 “…for my house shall be called a house of prayer for all peoples.” Isaiah 56:7 “What is to prevent me from being baptized?” Acts 8:37 Jesus had promised that if the disciples would wait in Jerusalem they would be empowered from on high. He charged them to begin at Jerusalem and go through Judea and Samaria, and to the uttermost parts of the earth, and to tell the good news of God's wonderful grace. It would have seemed that on Pentecost when indeed the Spirit was poured out that Peter, at least, got the message. For he said, “This is what the prophet Joel was speaking about when God promised through that prophet. He said the days would come when old men would see visions, and young women would have dreams, and young people would prophecy.” He preached a great sermon. He got all caught up in his own rhetoric, and concluded with that wonderful promise “that the promise was to you and to your children, your seed after you, and to all those that are afar off.” Stephen definitely got the message. He understood what Jesus had shared with that woman at the well of Samaria, “that neither in Mount Gerizim, nor at Jerusalem, but the day was coming and now was when the true worshiper would worship in Spirit and in truth, that the Spirit would push the true worshiper beyond all of the concrete forms of human religion.” But though Peter seemed to have gotten the message on Pentecost, when it came to the implementation—that was another thing. It’s one thing to preach and it’s another thing to do anything about it. It took a vision. Finally the Spirit of God had to say to Peter, “Go. Go to the house of Cornelius.” So Peter went—and told the story of Jesus. To his amazement the Spirit of God fell while he was preaching. The message of the fire of Pentecost seemed irrepressible. Philip, who had been appointed with Stephen to administer the community that was growing, heads to © Grand Valley State University   �Can I Be Included? Richard A. Rhem Page 2   Samaria. He is preaching in Samaria, and there is tremendous response. The Samaritans are turning to Jesus, hearing the Gospel, believing it, and responding to it. And the Apostle Paul is spreading the Good News as well. Well, of course, to get through to Paul, God had to knock him off his horse. But once he got the message, Paul went everywhere, as far as Rome itself bringing the Good News of Jesus. Before long that Christian movement had spread far beyond Jerusalem, beyond Judea, beyond Samaria, up to Antioch, and indeed was sweeping the ancient world, the Roman Empire like a spreading flame. Ah, and nothing succeeds like success, you know. Yet the very success of that mission created the great crisis for the early church. It was THE crisis of the early church, and it was a crisis of major proportions. It was crisis created by the key question: What Does It Take To Belong? As long as it was this Jesus Movement within the Jewish temple there was no problem. Even though there might be hundreds and thousands of Jews who believed that Jesus was the Messiah there was no problem. Because this was not the Christian Church, this was the Jesus Movement within Israel. This was just the people who believed in the God of Israel and worshiped in the temple. They simply believed that God had indeed, fully invested Jesus, that Jesus was the anointed one, the Messiah. They shared common heritage, common tradition, common background, common comfort levels, common language, common everything with their Jewish sisters and brothers. But now you move that out. You get to Samaria and you have already got some tension. Then you get to Gentile Antioch and you've got a real problem. You have Paul going all over the Ancient World preaching the Gospel and saying to the people, “Repent. Believe and be baptized in the name of Jesus and you are one of us.” There were others back in Jerusalem who said, “That's not enough.” Finally the crisis was so severe that they had to call a council. We call it the Jerusalem Council. You can read about it in the 15th chapter of Acts. Probably the premier preacher today in this country is a man named Fred Craddick, who has a great sense of humor, and who pictures the Jerusalem Council as a typical church synodical meeting. He says, “Church meetings can be the most incendiary of them all, you know.” He envisions the people coming with great fear and trepidation knowing that this was going to be a hot session. He says, “You know you knew you were in for trouble when you came into the assembly hall and there was a forest of microphones. So the meeting was called to order and someone stood up at microphone #2.” All over the country in the synods and general assemblies of the various denominations you will see all these microphones, and suddenly somebody was recognizing the speaker at microphone #2. He said, “As far as this issue about who can be included is concerned, I just wanted to say that back home in our congregation we've been studying Ezra. Ezra made it very clear, ‘Get the foreigner out, even if you are married to one, divorce her. Get rid of her. No foreigners in the assembly of God's people.’ Thank you very much.” © Grand Valley State University �Can I Be Included? Richard A. Rhem Page 3   Then a rather quiet voice from the other side of the room at microphone #5 stood up. Some lady from Berea, who said, “Well, we have this Bible class that meets Tuesday mornings at 9:30 a.m. Wonderful fellowship. We have been studying the Book of Ruth. Ruth was quite a woman. As a matter of fact, did you know she was an ancestress of David and, therefore, of our Lord. She had Moabite blood. She was a Moabitess. So our Lord has Moabite blood, so it would seem that the first speaker is out of line to make the limit so narrow.” Then there was somebody up in the balcony who couldn't stand for that who stood up at Microphone #9. He said, “If you read Amos it says, you of all the people of the earth, you alone, you the Jews, you alone. Not you alone, etc., etc. You alone. That's all I want to say.” Then someone else with a kind of tremor in their voice stood up and said, “I can remember back in Sunday School I memorized a verse, I can't quite remember it right now, but it went something like, ‘The mountain of the house of the Lord will be exalted above all the mountains and all the nations. All the nations will flow into it.’” Obviously they weren't going to settle it in this session. They were going to have an extended session. It was pretty tense. Tempers were about to explode. There was a lot of electric in the air. They broke for lunch, and over lunch somebody at one of the tables said, “Whose fault is this anyway?” Somebody said, “I know whose fault it is: Stephen’s. After all he made that speech about the temple. He sort of denigrated the temple. That's what started it all.” Someone else said, “No. No. Peter. Peter isn't admitting to it. He's trying to keep it quiet, but do you know the word is out. I've got a sister that lives in Caesarea and she says that Peter actually ate with some Italians.” (Laughter) Somebody else said, “Nah, it’s Philip. What's he doing in Samaria anyway? You know Samaritans have always been irresponsible. You can't count on them. Any time you let the Samaritans in you're in trouble. You know, there goes the neighborhood.” (Laughter) Another one pops up and said, “Ah, come on. That's all child's play. What about Paul? Paul has gone everywhere—Galatia, Ephesus, Rome itself. He just says, ‘You all come. You all come.’ Why, they don't know what circumcision is. They never heard of Moses. They don't know anything about the Law. He just says, ‘Come on in. You can even be baptized. It's okay, just come on in.’ What is this going to come to? We had such a good thing going. There was such unity. There was such power. There was such verve. There was a sense of community. We had such a good thing going and now it’s going to split us wide open.” Well, you may think I am kidding, but I'm not kidding at all! I haven't exaggerated a bit. The tension was that sharp and the issue was that clear-cut. What did it take to be included? Would the promise of Pentecost finally break out beyond those narrow limits or would God's Spirit once again be managed? Somebody at the table who had not spoken and had not gotten into the debate finally said, “You know whose fault it is? It’s not Stephen's or Peter's or Philip's or Paul's. It’s God's fault. The Spirit of God pushing and shoving. The Spirit of God never satisfied with any boundary lines, with any barriers. Look. None of us would be out there except that there was a kind of compulsion, the compelling of © Grand Valley State University �Can I Be Included? Richard A. Rhem Page 4   the Spirit of God. It’s the Spirit of God. That's why we're in trouble. And that's why we had better take seriously this thing that is before us.” That's what Luke is telling us about the early church. If we think we have got tensions today. If we think we've got issues today—that was an issue that involved the total turning upside down of everything they had ever believed. But Luke knew. As long as you could talk about issues in the abstract, as long as you can talk about theoretical cases, you can all sit around all day and debate, argue…get nowhere. But Luke knew that if you really want to deal with an issue, what you have to do is focus on one concrete individual. So for just a little bit he turned the camera on a strange sort of person, an Ethiopian eunuch. Philip had been carrying on a great evangelistic crusade in Samaria and Samaritans were being saved by the thousands. He had his picture on the front page of the newspaper almost every night, interviewed on the evening news, and suddenly the Spirit of God says, “Philip, go south…the road to Gaza.” Then he finds himself next to an Ethiopian eunuch. An Ethiopian. Well, it’s not the modern day Ethiopia, but there was such a place south of Egypt. On the other hand, in that ancient world in classical discussion and literature, an Ethiopian was somebody who was from beyond the end of the world. Sort of like we sometimes say, or I used to say, “Where's he from? I don't know. Timbuktu.” Or, “She can go to Timbuktu.” That means beyond nowhere—Ethiopia. This Ethiopian was a very powerful person in a great position, and he was a eunuch. A eunuch is a male rendered sexless by accident or by surgery. They were very valuable in the Ancient World and often commanded high posts in the palace. The kings liked them because they created no problems with the harem. The queens liked them because they minded their own business. Everyone liked to hire a eunuch for a key position because the eunuch would stay late at the office every night. The wife never complained, “Dinner's cold again.” The eunuch never got interrupted with his duties by having to take care of the car pool. They were valuable, often commanding powerful, prestigious posts. Deuteronomy 23:1 (Read it tonight after you put the children to bed. It's a little more explicit than I have in the bulletin.) says, speaking about a eunuch through accident, “They have no place in the assembly of God's people.” They are excluded. Now this eunuch had been to Jerusalem on pilgrimage to worship. Maybe he was a proselyte. Maybe he was a God-fearer. We don't really know, but obviously he was serious, searching, longing, yearning, and going to Jerusalem on pilgrimage to worship. But if he had just read Deuteronomy 23:1 he would have known there's no place for a eunuch in the house of the Lord, in the assembly of God's people. So what's he doing anyway, making his way to Jerusalem? What does he want to do? Does he simply want to make himself feel more miserable? Does he want to feel more sharply his exclusion? Or maybe, does he want to start a civil rights movement or a sacred rites movement as the case may be? In any case, he goes to Jerusalem to worship even though Deuteronomy 23:1 clearly excludes him. I wonder why people go where the door is closed? I wonder why people bloody their knuckles rapping on a gate that is locked? © Grand Valley State University �Can I Be Included? Richard A. Rhem Page 5   He was reading his Bible when Philip caught up with him. Maybe Isaiah 56 caught his eye. “Do not let the foreigner say, ‘The Lord will surely separate me from his people.’” The foreigner not separated. Who is this prophet? Ah, this was Isaiah 2. This was the one who had this magnificent universal vision, this vision of salvation for all people. He says, “Do not let the foreigner say, ‘The Lord will surely separate me….’” This caught his eye, “For thus says the Lord: ‘To the eunuchs who keep my Sabbaths, and choose the things that please me and hold fast to my covenant—I will give in my house and within my walls a monument and a name better than sons or daughters.’” That was the problem of the eunuch, no sons and daughters to carry on the family name, which was so important in that day. No one to remember. No generations to follow. But here in book of the prophet Isaiah the Lord says, “I will give in my house and within my walls a monument and a name…a name. In the house of the Lord, a name better than sons and daughters. I will give an everlasting name.” About the time Philip got to him he was in the 53rd chapter, about the lamb led to the slaughter. “Sheep before its shearers silent.” The one who was cut off with no generation. What's he doing? He's looking for his name. He is trying to find himself. He wants to find himself in the story. He wants to find himself in God's story. He's looking for his name. He reads about this one who is cut off, who leaves no generation. He says to Philip, “Who’s he talking about? Is he talking about himself or some other one?” Philip says to him, “He’s talking about Jesus.” “Well didn't he have any seed?” “No. He was taken up out of the land of the living. He left no heir. But God gave him a name. Like the prophet says in a couple of chapters over—a name better than sons and daughters…an everlasting name…and they shall not be cut off.” Looking for his name. Jesus went up to Jerusalem with a yearning in his heart. The Torah had said he couldn't belong, there was no place. But he went anyway. I wonder why people go where they are not wanted? Why do people try to force their way in where the gate is obviously locked? Blacks? I remember when I came back from Europe after the tumultuous 60s. It must have been the summer of '71. My first gathering with my extended family. I made the mistake of engaging an aunt in conversation, (which is a euphemism) (Laughter) about the whole civil rights thing, African-American ascendancy. This is the aunt, I've talked about her before, she's not always right, but she's always certain. (Laughter) I think she got the sense that I was winning the argument so she cut it off at that point. She said, “You may be right, but I will still say to my dying day, they were better off when they knew their place.” Why do people bloody their knuckles rapping on doors that are locked? Women, trying to get into ministry, scaring the likes of myself, threatened by what that might mean. (Laughter) Let them take care of the kitchen for God's sake! (Laughter) © Grand Valley State University �Can I Be Included? Richard A. Rhem Page 6   Gays in the military! What do they want to get in the military for? Don't they know they are odd? Wonder why people always try to barge in, crash walls, break down barriers? I suppose it’s just like this eunuch. Just looking to find his name. Looking to find if he could belong. I was in Minneapolis this past week for a couple of days with Churches Uniting for Global Mission (CUGM), the kind of thing that Bob Schuller keeps talking about on the Hour of Power. Tuesday evening, after all the festivities were over, Bud Ritter and I were invited to his room for some conversation—just the three of us. He told of his experience in Africa a couple of weeks ago— it must have been an absolutely shattering experience for him—Dr. Leon Sullivan, the AfricanAmerican leader who started the program Teachers for Africa, this outstanding leader from Philadelphia who has a sense that part of the problem in our world today, is that the leaders (in this case African-American and black African leaders) are not talking to each other. So he organized a black summit and he got the leaders from this country, Governor Wilder from Virginia, Jesse Jackson, Lowry, etc. to attend. He chartered two 747s and went over to Africa. It wasn't going to be in New York or L.A. or Chicago, it was going to be in Africa. Got the leaders of the sub-Saharan nations together. They met on the west coast of Africa. He invited one white man and that was Bob Schuller. Bob Schuller with all of these black leaders. Bob told about sitting in his hotel and watching the Atlantic wash the shore of Africa, becoming cognizant of the fact it was his Dutch forbearers that brought their ships there to load up 20,000,000 blacks, enslaving them and bringing them to America. Later he was eating breakfast and the Chief of Protocol, of Lewis Farrakhan, the head of the Black Muslim nation, who are militant in the style of the early Malcolm X., the one who makes the statements that make your blood run cold, he came to Schuller and said, “Lewis would like to speak with you.” The next morning for two hours at breakfast they spoke together and Bob's summary of it all was simply this: He wants in. I had heard that he was seeking to move toward the middle where he might be a part of the genuine dialogue instead of firing from the periphery. Lewis Farrakhan wants in. Schuller was given no duties at this summit, but in one session Dr. Sullivan said, “We'd like to hear from you.” And he stood up and he couldn't speak. He began to weep. On Tuesday evening when he told the story he wept again. He said, “It was the most dramatic experience of my life. In those moments I was ashamed I was white.” As he stood there weeping a black man got up from the audience and came and stood next to him. Just stood there. At one point Schuller looked at him and he smiled. Bob said it was as though he was saying, “I forgive you.” Eventually Bob stammered a few things and sat down. But he said, “You know, it shatters everything I've always thought or believed. The man who stood next to me and gave me forgiveness was a Muslim.” Bob said, “You know all the boundaries are dissolving.” I shared with him what we have been talking about these weeks, that, indeed, I was going to talk about the next morning to the CUGM group, that the © Grand Valley State University �Can I Be Included? Richard A. Rhem Page 7   boundaries are dissolving. That maybe there was the period of the Jewish Church and maybe the period of the Christian Church, and maybe because of the blindness of the Jewish leadership there had to be a Christian Church. Maybe because of the blindness of the Christian Church there needs to be something out here which the Spirit of God will shape and form, because you see it’s really finally God's fault. God's Spirit will not tolerate barriers. God's Spirit will not tolerate walls. God's Spirit, the Spirit that Jesus promised, the Spirit of Jesus, the Spirit of the God of Israel, the Spirit of the one true God, the Creator of the heavens and the earth will break down every barrier and will make all God's people one. That's maybe where we are in the world. The eunuch said to Philip, “Look, there's water. Can I be included?” I suspect that's probably everybody's question and heart’s desire. Can I Be Included? Can we say ‘No’ to those to whom God has said ‘Yes’? God forbid! © Grand Valley State University � https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/59fbd6a81f263e318e5d5618ca3b25af.mp3 8354b01eb35392a7aafe6addd34e0fe7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard A. Rhem Collection Description An account of the resource Text and sound recordings of the sermons, prayers, services, and articles of Richard Rhem, pastor emeritus of Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, Michigan, where he served for 37 years. Starting in the mid 1980's, Rhem began to question some of the traditional Christian dogma that he had been espousing from the pulpit. That questioning was a first step in a long and interesting spiritual journey, one that he openly shared with his congregation. His journey is important, in part because it is reflective of the questioning, the yearnings, and the gradual revision of beliefs that many persons in this part of the century have experienced and continue to experience. It is important also because of the affirming and inclusive way his questioning was done and his thinking evolved. His sermons and other written and spoken materials together document the steps in his journey as it took a turn in 1985, yet continued to revolve around the framework and liturgies of the Christian calendar. Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Religion Interfaith worship Sermons Sound Recordings Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rhem, Richard A. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/514">Richard A. Rhem papers (KII-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kaufman Interfaith Institute Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-2014 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 text/pdf Sound A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Event Pentecost III Scripture Text Deuteronomy 23:1, Isaiah 56:7, Acts 8:37 Location The location of the interview Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01_RA-0-19930620 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1993-06-20 Title A name given to the resource Can I Be Included? Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richard A. Rhem Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Sermons Relation A related resource Richard A. Rhem - An Archive of Sermons, Prayers, Talks and Stories: http://richardrhem.org/ Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 application/pdf Description An account of the resource A sermon given by Richard A. Rhem (Dick) on June 20, 1993 entitled "Can I Be Included?", on the occasion of Pentecost III, at Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI. Scripture references: Deuteronomy 23:1, Isaiah 56:7, Acts 8:37. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives Inclusive Pentecost III Pluralism Spirit of God https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/9c01f7e18fe7550e12e0805a9e361872.pdf 497a2b5192772f0a807d3eeb5dbe0ebc PDF Text Text CAN I KISS YOU? 11 event with mike domitrz N OV. I, 2006 7 pm-cook dewitt It is a hilarious program that teaches you how to ask for what you want sexually or intimately-without having to play any of the games. 11 For more information about Mike Domitrz, check out his website www.canikissyou.com g WOMEN'S ENTER 161 Kirkhof Center (616) 331-2748 sponsored by: Women's Center, Women and Gender Studies, Eyes Wide Open, Housing and Residence Life, Public Safety, School of Social Work, ALERT � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource GVSU Sexuality and Gender Flyers Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Rainbow Resource Center Women and Gender Studies Department Women's Commission Gayle R. Davis Center for Women and Gender Equity Description An account of the resource Digitized posters, flyers, event notices, and other materials relating to gender expression and sexuality at Grand Valley State University, with materials spanning from 1974 to 2019. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974/2019 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digitized from collections at the Rainbow Resource Center (formerly the Milton E. Ford LGBT Resource Center), Women and Gender Studies Department, Women's Commission, and Gayle R. Davis Center for Women and Gender Equity. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Gender identity Gender expression Sexual orientation Women's studies Queer theory Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-09 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-09_SGF_WGS_2006_CanIKissYou_Poster.pdf Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Women's Center Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006-11-01 Title A name given to the resource Can I Kiss You? Description An account of the resource Poster of the event, as well as the location, time and date of the event. Subject The topic of the resource Community centers One-person shows (Performing arts) Rape--Prevention Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Department Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/fe12176309734f9516a0b7edc2ba590c.pdf 425adf29020eb07917859042f281f354 PDF Text Text Can the Eagle and the Dove Fly Together? A Reflection on the Way of Jesus and a Nation’s Imperial Designs Matthew 5:38-48; Luke 4:6 – 21; Acts 1: 1-11; 2: 1-3 Richard A. Rhem Lakeshore Interfaith Community, Mother’s Trust Ganges, Michigan Memorial Day Weekend, May 24, 2009 Were we to celebrate Memorial Day on the date originally set for its observance – May 30 – rather than as we observe it in 2009, May 25, it would be followed immediately by the Festival of Pentecost which in 2009 is Sunday, May 31, a week from today. The conjunction of these two observances is not always in such close proximity since on the Christian calendar, Easter is a movable feast which means it is not tied to a specific date as was Memorial Day originally – May 30. A movable feast, as its name implies, moves to different dates; it falls in the western church on the Sunday following the paschal full moon, which is the full moon that falls on or after the vernal, or Spring, equinox. However, it occurs often enough around mid-April that over many years of setting up a preaching schedule and liturgical themes, I am acutely aware of the conjoining of the observance of Pentecost and Memorial Day. Why do I say “acutely aware”? That takes me back quite a few years – one of those years when the Sunday service was Pentecost on the Christian Calendar and, the following day, the Memorial Day observance which, of course, would be observed in the church on the Sunday before – in this case, Pentecost Sunday. Being considerably younger and a bit naïve, I assumed we should observe Pentecost, one of the major festivals of the Christian calendar – the observance we marked as the birthday of the Church. The Festival of the Holy Spirit was a lively celebration – the liturgical color was red and the people were encouraged to wear red apparel. The music was celebratory, often there were liturgical dancers and the whole service was upbeat. It was the culmination of the Christian year – a six-month remembering and rehearsal of the life of Jesus, the Anointed One, or the Christ. My naiveté was revealed in the fact that I assumed such a full and rich observance of a high holy day ruled out any notice of the national observance of Memorial Day. That omission gave great offence to some and I heard about it. Even now, in my fading awareness in this the springtime of my senility, I remember the name and face of one dear woman who was deeply offended. © Grand Valley State University   �Can Eagle and Dove Fly Together? Richard A. Rhem Page 2   In all honesty, I was totally unaware that there might be such a reaction. It simply did not occur to me that the celebration of Pentecost in the Church should be wedded to a national celebration. But I’m a quick study. Ever after, when the two observances fell on the same weekend, Pentecost was central but Memorial Day got notice in the hymns – the National Hymn, for example, and in the prayers. I didn’t want to face the wrath of the patriot again. I compromised. I set this before you because it strikes me as a very great irony that a national holiday of remembrance of a nation’s war dead should rival the celebration of one of the most significant days on the church calendar – the Festival of the Holy Spirit. The national symbol is the eagle; the symbol of the Spirit is the dove. I raise the question: can the eagle and the dove fly together? Or, perhaps, more fittingly, is there place in the religious community, in my case the Christian community, for the spirit of patriotism and nationalism? To state the issue from another angle, how is it that the religion that issued from Jesus has become the majority religion of a nation bent on empire, on global domination? How are empires created? Is it not finally by military power? How are empires perpetuated? Is it not by military power? What marks empires during their time of dominance? Is it not fear? Aware always of any threat to that dominance, must not an empire be ever on the alert? Must it not be quick to recognize any challenge? Must it not scan the horizon for any rising power? Must it not keep its weapon systems up to date? Must it not be watchful of unrest anywhere that might explode into widespread conflagration? Is it not an irony that a so-called Christian nation – though that claim should be challenged – should have imperial designs when the one we purportedly follow called his followers to love and not to fear. As one of the New Testament writers put it succinctly: God is love. There is no fear in love, but perfect love casts out fear. This has been a trigger for much broader reflection on the relationship of religious vision and nationalism. In my religious faith commitment as a Christian, specifically as one who would follow the Way of Jesus, increasingly I see a great tension between American imperial designs and that Way to which Jesus beckons me. It is really a luxury to be retired, not to have to worry about institutional concerns, about membership rolls or budget matters. I have been a “late bloomer” and that is probably a good thing because my ongoing – what I hope is a deepening – grasp of the Gospel – the Way of Jesus – creates a growing tension in me as an American citizen and a follower of Jesus. © Grand Valley State University �Can Eagle and Dove Fly Together? Richard A. Rhem Page 3   That calls for clarification. Let me be clear; I do love this nation. I see the American experience as one of the great human achievements. I value our democratic values, our freedom, our constitutional vision and the rule of law. And I understand as well the emotional ties that bind us together in national vision and purpose. I remember December 7, 1941. I had two brother-in-laws who fought in the Battle of the Bulge and I remember my sisters who lived at home writing their husbands every evening and watching anxiously for the mailman. I remember the boyfriend of my youngest sister who was rejected for the draft because of a heart murmur and I remember he was depressed. My father told him he should be thankful but he regretted the fact that he could not enter the struggle for his country. I remember the flag that hung in the sanctuary of our church with a star for every serviceman. I remember celebrating in the street V-E Day and V-J Day. I remember, too, the small flags in the windows of homes where a son or daughter was off to war and sometimes a gold star because a son or daughter had been killed in action. I do have some sense of how all of that national emotional experience takes on an aura of the sacred. Deeply felt experience of national existence is similar it seems to deeply felt spiritual experience and I’m quite certain for most ardent observers of this national holiday there is no sense of it being in any way in tension with whatever religious faith they possess. I hope that sets the context for that upon which I invite you to ponder with me – that is, the tension involved in being a follower of Jesus and being a citizen of an imperial power. As I mentioned above, retirement is a luxury for one can set forth one’s thinking honestly, without the trustees nervously suggesting that one might be jeopardizing the institution. But it is even more than that. In my present situation I have no desire to make points, to persuade, convince, convert. And, God knows, I don’t feel compelled to be right, to win an argument. Were I really wise, I would love to be a sage – one who engages others in thoughtful discourse to raise awareness and enable another to think critically about issues and come to deeper understanding, thus enriching their humanity. To set out the tension of the Kingdom of God as embodied in Jesus and Imperial America, I will suggest that for both the church and the nation there has been a serious shift from their founding vision. Let me begin with the Way of Jesus as portrayed in the Gospel, leading to the Pentecost moment, and, three hundred © Grand Valley State University �Can Eagle and Dove Fly Together? Richard A. Rhem Page 4   years later, the establishment of the Christian religion as the official religion of the Empire in the days of Emperor Constantine. The Way of Jesus set forth in the Gospels Obviously I will be able to deal with only a very limited Gospel reference, but for our purpose here, I would suggest the references I have selected are critical passages. First, from the Sermon on the Mount from Matthew’s Gospel: Concerning Retaliation 38 “You have heard that it was said, ‘An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.’ 39 But I say to you, Do not resist an evildoer. But if anyone strikes you on the right cheek, turn the other also; 40 and if anyone wants to sue you and take your coat, give your cloak as well; 41 and if anyone forces you to go one mile, go also the second mile. 42 Give to everyone who begs from you, and do not refuse anyone who wants to borrow from you. 43 “You have heard that it was said, ‘ You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy.’ 44 But I say to you, Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, 45 so that you may be children of your Father in heaven; for he makes his sun rise on the evil and on the good, and sends rain on the righteous and on the unrighteous. 46 For if you love those who love you, what reward do you have? Do not even the tax collectors do the same? 47 And if you greet only your brothers and sisters, what more are you doing than others? Do not even the Gentiles do the same? 48 Be perfect, therefore, as your heavenly Father is perfect.”(Matthew 5: 38 – 48) Without attempting an in-depth analysis of this “turning the other cheek” paragraph it is obvious that Jesus is calling his disciples to reject absolutely the principle of retaliatory violence. The next paragraph is a call to love one’s enemies and pray for those who persecute one – the model being God who makes the sun rise on the evil and on the good, and sends rain alike on the gardens of the righteous and on the unrighteous. With that as the Heavenly Parent’s example, Jesus calls on his followers to act accordingly, thereby being perfect “as your heavenly Father is perfect.” That word “perfect” needs a word of explanation. The Greek word is teleios from telos which means “end.” End can mean point of termination, cessation, the last part or conclusion. But it can also mean the end as a goal, or the purpose of something, the intention, the aim of an action, the outcome of an endeavor, the destiny which awaits. If one takes these lexical meanings, one might better translate teleios in this context as “mature”. Then Jesus would be calling his followers to emulate God in living and acting maturely as God acts maturely, transcending our natural human responses in our human interactions. © Grand Valley State University �Can Eagle and Dove Fly Together? Richard A. Rhem Page 5   I chose to cite Matthew rather than the same teaching from Luke’s Gospel because Matthew changes the final call to emulate the heavenly Father from “merciful” to “perfect” or, as I am suggesting, “mature” or “whole”. The source behind this teaching in both Matthew and Luke is a source called “Q” and the word in the “Q” source is the Greek word for “merciful.” Luke keeps it; Matthew changes it and, for the point I am attempting to make, I resonate with the word teleios with the sense of maturity as the realizing of the end for which we were created – a realization that comes by loving, for love alone transforms the human being and the human situation. The New Interpreter’s Bible commentary on Matthew (Vol. VIII, p. 198) has, I believe, helpful comments on the paragraph. Although not given on an institutional level (Jesus does not legislate for worldly courts) but for the private lives of disciples, these commands still have implications for the involvement of these private lives in the public and political decisions for which Christians are responsible. These sayings indicate that Jesus himself must have resisted the militaristic tendencies of those who opposed Rome and who finally plunged the nation into a catastrophic war (66-70 CE). In preserving these sayings and making them the climax of his antitheses, Matthew takes his stand with those who had resisted the catastrophic attempt at a “military solution,” which he and his church had lived through. None of this is a matter of strategy. To turn the other cheek is not to shame the opponent or win him or her over, to cause the enemy to repent. Going the extra mile is not a matter of prudence calculated to keep a low profile when you do not have power and need to “get along.” These sayings express the inherent rule of the kingdom of God, are God’s ultimate way of dealing with humanity exhibited in the life and death of Jesus, who went to the cross. All such hermeneutical considerations are not a matter of watering them down, finding a meaning that does seem reasonable and with which we can live. They are not to be made “reasonable,” for they violate the “common sense” of this world and point to another reality. They ask us whether we are oriented to the God who has redefined power and kingship in the life, ministry, death, and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth. That last sentence is precisely how I have come to understand the Sermon on the Mount and the imperatives of Jesus – are we “oriented to the God who has redefined power and kingship in the life, ministry, death, and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth?” Let me reinforce this view as Jesus’ own self-understanding as Luke presents the story of Jesus. Luke, in the most familiar and best-loved presentation of Jesus’ birth has angels singing, Glory to God in the highest heaven, and on earth peace, goodwill among people. © Grand Valley State University �Can Eagle and Dove Fly Together? Richard A. Rhem Page 6   In the fourth chapter Jesus endures the wilderness temptation which is, in itself, a subject worth study as it seems Luke’s intention to say that Jesus had to choose wisely and be resolute in the means and manner of the execution of his ministry. Returning, Luke tells us, from that bout with temptation, he, filled with God’s Spirit, comes to his hometown, Nazareth, where he is invited to read the scripture in his family synagogue. He reads from the prophet Isaiah (chpt. 42:1f). Luke 4:16f reads, “When he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up, he went to the synagogue on the sabbath day, as was his custom. He stood up to read, and the scroll of the prophet Isaiah was given to him. He unrolled the scroll and found the place where it was written: ‘The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he has anointed me to bring good news to the poor. He has sent me to proclaim release to the captives and recovery of sight to the blind, to let the oppressed go free, to proclaim the year of the Lord’s favor,’ And he rolled up the scroll, gave it back to the attendant, and sat down. The eyes of all in the synagogue were fixed on him. Then he began to say to them, ‘Today this scripture has been fulfilled in your hearing.’” If you go to the passage Jesus read on that occasion you will find Jesus breaks off with the words “the year of the Lord’s favor” and stops mid-sentence for the text of Isaiah 61:2 goes on: “and the day of vengeance of our God.” As I said above, this is Luke’s picture of Jesus, Jesus’ self-understanding as Luke understood it. Luke’s ending with “the year of the Lord’s favor”, rather than continuing with “and the day of the vengeance of our God” cannot have been an accident. That brief description of Jesus’ ministry was one of grace and healing, fully in accord with the passage from Matthew – the call to emulate God in love even of the enemy. Again it is Luke who has Jesus speak from the cross the word of forgiveness full of grace, “Father, forgive them for they do not know what they are doing”, even as he was being crucified. A moment that never fails to fill me with awe. Move now to the end of Luke’s story – post-Easter. After forty days he tells us in his second volume, The Acts of the Apostles, Jesus leads the disciples out to Bethany where he blesses them and is “carried up into heaven.” And that is where © Grand Valley State University �Can Eagle and Dove Fly Together? Richard A. Rhem Page 7   the Acts of the Apostles takes up the story. In chapter 1 he counsels them to remain in Jerusalem where not many days hence, they will be baptized with the Holy Spirit. But in the Acts account the disciples ask an all-important question: “Lord, is this the time when you will restore the Kingdom to Israel?” That, of course, was Luke’s question in the 70’s and 80’s C.E. There is a scholarly debate about whether the apocalyptic passages of the gospel reflect Jesus’ own understanding. I tend to side with, for example, Marcus Borg and Dominic Crossan who do not believe Jesus was awaiting the apocalyptic coming of God’s Kingdom in which the wicked would be damned and the righteous vindicated as the rule of God comes to earth in God’s dramatic action. And I think Luke told the story of Jesus in which Jesus understood the Kingdom as present already in his ministry. Reading the Isaiah passage he claims, “Today this Scripture has been fulfilled in your hearing.” And, again in his telling of the story he has Jesus respond to the question raised by the disciples, but here raised by the Pharisees: “Once Jesus was asked by the Pharisees when the Kingdom of God was coming, and he answered, the Kingdom of God is not coming with things than can be observed; nor will they say, ‘Look, here it is!’ or ’There it is.’ For, in fact, the Kingdom of God is among you.” (Luke 17: 20-21) Another possible reading is “The Kingdom is within you.” But to return to the disciples’ question, Jesus responds, “It is not for you to know the times or periods that the Father has set by his own authority. But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you; and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem, in all Judea and Samaria, and to the ends of the earth.” With that, Jesus is lifted up in a cloud taking him out of their sight. And Chapter 2 opens: “When the day of Pentecost had come, they were all together in one place. And suddenly from heaven there came a sound like the rush of a violent wind, and it filled the entire house where they were sitting. Divided tongues, as of fire, appeared among them, and a tongue rested on each of them. All of them were filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak in other languages, as the Spirit gave them the ability.” Such is Luke’s story of Jesus, beginning with his birth, his crucifixion at the time of the Jewish Feast of Passover, resurrection after three days, a forty-day earthly sojourn post-Easter during which there are various appearances and then, ten days later on the Jewish feast of Pentecost, the Baptism with the Holy Spirit. © Grand Valley State University �Can Eagle and Dove Fly Together? Richard A. Rhem Page 8   As for the question of the Kingdom’s arrival, Jesus says it is not yours to know but Luke answers the question such that there is to be a period of apostolic witness and his Acts of the Apostles is centered mostly in the missionary work of Paul whose story he tells, the story ending with Paul under house arrest in Rome continuing to proclaim the Good News of the Kingdom that arrived with Jesus. Through principally Paul’s ministry the Gospel was preached throughout the Roman Empire and churches were founded in the metropolitan centers of the empire. The Jesus movement that began as a Jewish movement found a ready hearing in the Gentile world. That whole history and the Jewish-Gentile tension is another story. But the spread of that early Jesus movement was quite amazing so that three hundred years later the Christian religion had moved from being a persecuted cult to being the lone established religion of the Roman Empire. That too is a story I cannot go into only to say that the Constantinian establishment carried with it great peril for the Christian movement. Imperial recognition carried with it the danger of imperial control. In his first volume of a trilogy Christian Theology in a North American Context, Douglas John Hall writes, One consequence of the establishment for Christian thought has already been alluded to: the emphasis on oneness or unity (the ecumenical or catholic dimension) could never be regarded in purely theological terms after the adoption of the faith by imperial Rome. For now it was bound up with quite specific political aspirations and concepts. When we confess belief in “one, holy, catholic, and apostolic church” in the Nicene Creed, it is well to remember that fact. On precisely such grounds, Theodosius outlawed all forms of Christianity but the ‘Catholic’ (i.e., the imperially recognized majority) form, at the same time (394 C.E.) as he outlawed the non-Christian religions. Unity, under the conditions of Constantinianism, is defined by secular authority and/or standards of assessment, and it is therefore likely to mean something closer to uniformity than to the oneness for which Jesus prayed in the Garden of Gethsemane (John 17). A still more provocative consequence of the establishment for the theology of the church is implied with the mention of Nicaea. Both the councils of Nicaea (325) and Chalcedon (451) took place under the conditions of Christian establishment. Concretely this means: the church’s doctrinal decisions about (a) the nature of the Godhead (that God is triune) and (b) the person of Jesus (that he is God and man in one historical person) were taken by a church which now conceived itself in the role of official cult to the empire. Indeed, Nicaea was convened by Constantine personally, with the express purpose of putting a stop to Christian differences which could only further divide an already disunited empire. The decisions arrived at in these two pivotal councils were to determine orthodoxy in © Grand Valley State University �Can Eagle and Dove Fly Together? Richard A. Rhem Page 9   Theology and Christology up to and including our own time. This is a staggering observation, and from our present perspective we must ask: How would it have influenced the Christian church’s conception of God, and even more explicitly its Christology, if decisions in these key areas of belief had evolved under the conditions of diaspora and persecution rather than those of establishment? In his The Historical Jesus, John Dominic Crossan cites the early Christian historian, Eusebius (Vita Constantine, 3.15): It is hard, indeed, not to get very, very nervous in reading this description of the imperial banquet celebrating the Council of Nicaea’s conclusion: Detachments of the body-guard and troops surrounded the entrance of the palace with drawn swords, and through the midst of them the men of God proceeded without fear into the innermost of the Imperial apartments, in which some were the Emperor’s companions at table, while others reclined on couches arranged on either side. One might have thought that a picture of Christ’s kingdom was thus shadowed forth, and a dream rather than reality. (Eusebius, Vita Constantini 3.15; Brown 1982:16) The meal and the Kingdom still come together, but now the participants are the male bishops, and they recline, with the Emperor himself, to be served by others. Maybe, Christianity is an inevitable and absolutely necessary ‘betrayal” of Jesus, else it might all have died among the hills of Lower Galilee. But did that “betrayal” have to happen so swiftly, succeed so fully, and be enjoyed so thoroughly? Might not a more even dialectic have been maintained between Jesus and Christ in Jesus Christ? Hall sees this danger worked out in the Protestant Church: Protestantism has preferred to limp through most of its history following two paths, ultimately divergent; the path of political quietism or noninterference, and that of personal piety. The cross could sometimes be a meaningful symbol for the latter, but not for the former. Protestantism as the favored religion of Northern European states and their missionary offshoots has been obliged and content to hide even from itself the critical political and social implications of its theology of the cross. (Confessing the Faith, p. 209) Let me suggest that in the establishment of the Christian religion as the official faith of Imperial Rome may be the loss of the Way of Jesus and the ascending of the High Christology that was defined in the Nicene Creed of 325 C.E. and the Chalcedonian Formula of 451 C.E. With those creedal definitions of Jesus as God as well as human, the drama of the cross became a place of atonement where God and the human were reconciled –with all the images that were utilized to describe that drama of salvation. It appears to me that the two paths referred to above by © Grand Valley State University �Can Eagle and Dove Fly Together? Richard A. Rhem Page10   Hall emerged very early in the era of establishment – political quietism and personal piety. Only with a posture of political quietism can the Empire tolerate the religious cult of whatever sort. And now, rather than the Jesus movement continuing in the path of its founder, it became a cult of salvation – Jesus as my personal savior. I can be assured of my personal salvation while I live in an imperial state that may be ruthless in its world domination and militarism. With some exceptions, I think that has been the pattern of the Christian Church; co-opted by empire, blessing the status quo, failing to speak truth to power. The Pope may make public statements and take positions on critical issues concerning the international situation but the respective national governments pay little heed. So also with the World Council of Churches or the National Council of Churches. In the meantime the Church continues to offer the gift of salvation in Jesus’ name and do much good in the world among the struggling masses of humankind. The more I become attuned to the Way of Jesus, the more I realize how little I have followed him. The more I realize how irrelevant the church is in a world that is so fraught with danger, the danger of seeing the human experience come to an end in nuclear holocaust, a world in which my own nation has become in our day what Rome was in the day of Jesus. Ironically, Roman Imperial power killed Jesus as a dangerous subversive, one who practiced non-violent resistance to the established order than dominated the world by military might – and then coopted his movement, transforming it into an agency of Empire, a harmless cult of personal salvation. With these growing realizations, you can understand why I feel the tension of being both a follower of Jesus and a citizen of this nation. Tomorrow we will observe Memorial Day and remember those who died on behalf of their country. Somehow it feels so different to me than the days of what Tom Brokaw called The Greatest Generation. To be drafted by one’s nation for service when one’s nation is under threat is honorable. To remember with gratitude the sacrifice of those whose lives were offered up to defend the freedom and security of the nation is right and proper. But it feels different to me when, because of my nation’s imperial designs, a volunteer military is established, not primarily to defend our nation but to be the means of world domination. I suspect few of us are aware of the massive military network spread around the globe with bases on every continent but Antarctica! A massive military-industrial complex warned about by President Eisenhower has become a reality. We, as a nation, are in the grip of imperial domination at a time in the world when the © Grand Valley State University �Can Eagle and Dove Fly Together? Richard A. Rhem Page11   global reality has arrived. Such a reality’s imperative is nuclear disarmament, the end of war and the building of world government. Now and then, here and there, voices have been raised for peace and human community. For example, during the First World War, one of the nation’s greatest preachers offered a prayer to which a response set forth clearly the choice we face: “O, God, bless Germany! At war with her people, we hate them not at all… We acknowledge before Thee our part in the world’s iniquity….we dare not stand in Thy sight and accuse Germany as though she alone were guilty of our international disgrace. We all are guilty.” The brief clip goes on, “Charles Biddle, an American pilot, responded to Fosdick’s prayer by pledging to kill as many ‘Huns’ as he could, saying that, ‘if Christianity requires us to forgive them I am afraid I am no Christian.” (Church HistoryMarch, cited in the Christian Century, May 5, 2009). The American pilot, Biddle, “got it” – The Way of Jesus or the way of war – on the way to human catastrophe. Which will we choose? For me there is only one choice: The Way of Peace as embodied in the Way of Jesus. References: Douglas John Hall. Confessing the Faith: Christian Theology in a North American Context, Vol. I. Fortress Press, 1991. © Grand Valley State University � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard A. Rhem Collection Description An account of the resource Text and sound recordings of the sermons, prayers, services, and articles of Richard Rhem, pastor emeritus of Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, Michigan, where he served for 37 years. Starting in the mid 1980's, Rhem began to question some of the traditional Christian dogma that he had been espousing from the pulpit. That questioning was a first step in a long and interesting spiritual journey, one that he openly shared with his congregation. His journey is important, in part because it is reflective of the questioning, the yearnings, and the gradual revision of beliefs that many persons in this part of the century have experienced and continue to experience. It is important also because of the affirming and inclusive way his questioning was done and his thinking evolved. His sermons and other written and spoken materials together document the steps in his journey as it took a turn in 1985, yet continued to revolve around the framework and liturgies of the Christian calendar. Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Religion Interfaith worship Sermons Sound Recordings Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rhem, Richard A. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/514">Richard A. Rhem papers (KII-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kaufman Interfaith Institute Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-2014 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 text/pdf Sound A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Event Memorial Day Weekend, Lakeshore Interfaith Gathering Series A Reflection on the Way of Jesus and a Nation's Imperial Designs Scripture Text Matt. 5:38-48, Luke 4:6-21, Acts 1:1-11, 2:1-3 Location The location of the interview Lakeshore Interfaith Center, Ganges References Douglas John Hall. Confessing the Faith: Christian Theology in a North American Context, Vol.1. Fortress Press, 1991. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01_RA-0-20090524 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009-05-24 Title A name given to the resource Can the Eagle and the Dove Fly Together? Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richard A. Rhem Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Sermons Relation A related resource Richard A. Rhem - An Archive of Sermons, Prayers, Talks and Stories: http://richardrhem.org/ Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Description An account of the resource A sermon given by Richard A. Rhem (Dick) on May 24, 2009 entitled "Can the Eagle and the Dove Fly Together?", as part of the series "A Reflection on the Way of Jesus and a Nation's Imperial Designs", on the occasion of Memorial Day Weekend, Lakeshore Interfaith Gathering, at Lakeshore Interfaith Center, Ganges. Scripture references: Matt. 5:38-48, Luke 4:6-21, Acts 1:1-11, 2:1-3. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives Way of Jesus https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/8827e752b375b81c7c5a450d7f8eef1f.mp3 e60aef9f7f96087725b78849762b2d73 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard A. Rhem Collection Description An account of the resource Text and sound recordings of the sermons, prayers, services, and articles of Richard Rhem, pastor emeritus of Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, Michigan, where he served for 37 years. Starting in the mid 1980's, Rhem began to question some of the traditional Christian dogma that he had been espousing from the pulpit. That questioning was a first step in a long and interesting spiritual journey, one that he openly shared with his congregation. His journey is important, in part because it is reflective of the questioning, the yearnings, and the gradual revision of beliefs that many persons in this part of the century have experienced and continue to experience. It is important also because of the affirming and inclusive way his questioning was done and his thinking evolved. His sermons and other written and spoken materials together document the steps in his journey as it took a turn in 1985, yet continued to revolve around the framework and liturgies of the Christian calendar. Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Religion Interfaith worship Sermons Sound Recordings Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rhem, Richard A. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/514">Richard A. Rhem papers (KII-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kaufman Interfaith Institute Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-2014 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 text/pdf Sound A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Event Eastertide VI Scripture Text Eph. 2:1-10, Matt. 20:1-16 Location The location of the interview Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01_RA-0-19890430 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1989-04-30 Title A name given to the resource Can This Congregation Survive By Grace Alone? Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richard A. Rhem Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Sermons Relation A related resource Richard A. Rhem - An Archive of Sermons, Prayers, Talks and Stories: http://richardrhem.org/ Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 Description An account of the resource A sermon given by Richard A. Rhem (Dick) on April 30, 1989 entitled "Can This Congregation Survive By Grace Alone?", on the occasion of Eastertide VI, at Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI. Scripture references: Eph. 2:1-10, Matt. 20:1-16. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/43fd0dbfb860334b5cd5cb83f0d8c895.pdf 96f798d246f377744a2c6de8e0a6482f PDF Text Text Can We Be Truthful and Hopeful? From the sermon series: Now–But Then Text: Isaiah 9:2; I Corinthians 13:13; Luke 1:79 Richard A. Rhem Christ Community Church Spring Lake, Michigan Advent III, December 17, 1995 Transcription of the spoken sermon For just a few moments, for your meditation, think with me about Christian hope and the question whether or not we can be both truthful and hopeful. The Church of England, in a statement entitled, "Christian Believing," wrote this: Christian life is an adventure, a voyage of discovery, a journey, sustained by faith and hope toward a final and complete communion with love at the heart of all things. It's really a marvelous statement, obviously taking its cue from the Apostle Paul in the 13th chapter of his first Letter to the Corinthians. The understanding of life as an adventure, a voyage of discovery, a journey. And that voyage, that journey is negotiated by faith and hope with a final destination, the culmination, being the complete communion in love. And so it is by faith and hope that we move toward the fullness of love, which is, according to this statement, at the heart of all things. I do think that is the content of Christian hope. That at the heart of all things, there is love, and that it is by faith, in hope, that we grasp that love in foretaste in the confidence that the love that we experience here and there, now and again, is but a foretaste of a final communion in love, at the heart of all things. That is, I believe, the content of Christian hope. But that experience is an experience that we only appropriate in the present, but never fully realize. It is the present experience of a future reality. It is the present vision of that which is last week in relationship to faith - you don't derive faith from experience. You bring faith to experience. And you don't derive hope from experience, you must bring hope to experience, because experience, sooner or later, will defeat you badly. It is not from the observation of our human experience that we learn to hope. Look at it; think about it for a moment. Human experience is uneven. Human experience is unfair. Human experience is laced with injustice, inequity. The Psalmist knew that long ago. Psalm 73 - he looked about him and he saw the prosperity of the wicked and he was angry about that. It seemed to him that those who were wealthy and doing just fine were reckless and careless, while he had kept his hands and his heart clean and he was angry. © Grand Valley State University   �Can We Be Truthful and Hopeful? Richard A. Rhem Page 2   He could see an injustice; he could see in human experience that something was wrong. No, it is not on the basis of our experience that we learn to hope. It is the gift of hope that we bring to our experience that enables us to stand and to go through and to negotiate and to hold on. Hope is that which God gifts us with in order to keep us dreaming, even in the darkness. It's quite remarkable, I think. It's that which marks our human existence. We're not locked into this present moment. By memory we can go back into the past and taste again joys and sadness. And by our imagination we move into the future and we can see things in another way. And in this present moment, we can find meaning, going backwards and forwards and appropriating that which is not present, except in hope. Someone has said that where there's life there's hope. But, wouldn't it be more correct to say that where there's hope, there's life? And where there is no hope, there is no life? And I think that it is precisely because we have become so acutely aware of the gulf between what is and what might be that much religion is a projecting into the future, the resolution of that conflict of the present. The biblical frame of reference is that time-line which is the framework in which we live. How else can we human beings think than in the past, in the future, standing in the present moment? And, as that conflict between the present reality and that dream in the human heart became acute, I think there was the tendency to push the resolution off into the future. And so, religion often has become a kind of escape from the present moment. Even the doctrines of heaven and hell and that whole future existence are the construction of those who looked at life and said, "It isn't fair. It isn't right If anybody is in charge, if God is God, then there must be out there some future resolution." There's always a temptation to escape the present or to deny the present in light of a future where everything will be settled. But, think about it for a moment - the only way we can think is in a time-line. And so, of course, in Advent season we remember that the one who came is coming again and we are called to contemplate the end. But, is the end out there? Or, is not the end right here? Is it really a matter of moving toward a future resolution of all things or is it being able to find, in this present moment, the resolution that comes by the experience of the presence of God, God with us? Is the coming of Jesus the dawning of an age that will soon end? That's what they thought. Indeed, that's what the prophet thought. The people who walk in darkness have seen a great light, a child is given to us, all will be well. But, it wasn't well! And Luke said, in the song of Zacharias, "You, Child, will prepare the way of the Lord in the light according to the tender mercy of God, the light is dawning on the people who walk in darkness." But, it didn't dawn, folks. It's 2000 years later and my point to you this morning is that simply to say out there it will be taken care of is to deny the reality of our present experience and to miss the presence of God here and now. Can we be both truthful and hopeful? Is hope something that enables me to live presently without escape, without cynicism, without despair and © Grand Valley State University �Can We Be Truthful and Hopeful? Richard A. Rhem Page 3   without denial? Can I face the present darkness, believing that it is always true in every moment that that light will dawn upon me in the presence of the Presence of the Lord? You see, you come to the end of a century, as we are, and the end of a millennium, as we are, and you always find there's that kind of apocalyptic preaching that proclaims the End. And you're going to hear it more in the next few years as we move toward the year 2000. The Lord is coming; the End is coming; the Judgment is coming. I don't believe that, you see. I think that is to miss today. It is to miss this moment. Because it is the year 2000 doesn't mean we're any closer to any kind of consummation. I don't know about that consummation. I know the only way these things can be spoken of is to speak about a future resolution, but my point this morning is, if you're always hanging on that future resolution, you will never come to peace and hope and joy and delight in this present moment. To know Emmanuel is to know that God is with us, God is with us here and now; God is with us in the darkness; God is with us in our health and God is with us in our dying. God is with us in our loving and our caring. God, here and now! That's the content of Christian hope, the fact that this process that has been underway for billions and billions of years - is it drawing to its close at the year 2000? Will God ring down the curtain of history? That is bad religion! That looks like some kind of escape from the present engagement of life. God is in this process of which we are a part, and embraces it all and goes through it all with us and gives us that amazing capacity in the darkness to live as though the Light is about to dawn. Hope, hope doesn't come from experience. Experience shatters hope! Hope comes from God, and it is hope in God and it is the experience of the presence of God, here in the darkness where we dwell in the land of the shadow of death. Advent calls us to think about the end, but not the year 2000 or 3000 or 10,000. It calls us to speak about the end of life, the purpose of life, the meaning of life, which is God with us. God with us. Why do we keep on hoping? That, to me, is an amazing thing. After all these years, we keep on hoping. After all of the wars, after all of the death and disease, after all of the brokenness, we keep on hoping. To me, it is the best sign I know that the hope stems from God, Who says to us there is no darkness so dark, there is no coldness so cold, there is no storm so severe, but what I will be with you, I will keep you, I will never let you go. That is Advent hope. It is the present appropriation of a future consummation. Hope teamed with faith keep us moving toward love, which is at the heart of all things. I believe that, and in that, I hope. And in that hope, the darkness is scattered and the Light dawns, because God is with us in the meantime. If we don't feel for something more, we'll fall for something less. If we don't reach for something above us, we'll fall for something below us. It is in the gift of hope that the present is transformed. And I can say in regard to now and then, all is well. All is well. © Grand Valley State University � https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/a57f0f013daf0169b661dac2081b0346.mp3 112e5eb063b89b13d4c00af80f8b9657 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard A. Rhem Collection Description An account of the resource Text and sound recordings of the sermons, prayers, services, and articles of Richard Rhem, pastor emeritus of Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, Michigan, where he served for 37 years. Starting in the mid 1980's, Rhem began to question some of the traditional Christian dogma that he had been espousing from the pulpit. That questioning was a first step in a long and interesting spiritual journey, one that he openly shared with his congregation. His journey is important, in part because it is reflective of the questioning, the yearnings, and the gradual revision of beliefs that many persons in this part of the century have experienced and continue to experience. It is important also because of the affirming and inclusive way his questioning was done and his thinking evolved. His sermons and other written and spoken materials together document the steps in his journey as it took a turn in 1985, yet continued to revolve around the framework and liturgies of the Christian calendar. Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Religion Interfaith worship Sermons Sound Recordings Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rhem, Richard A. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/514">Richard A. Rhem papers (KII-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kaufman Interfaith Institute Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-2014 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 text/pdf Sound A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Event Advent III Series Now _ But Then Scripture Text Isaiah 9:2, I Cor 13:13, Luke 1:79 Location The location of the interview Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01_RA-0-19951217 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-12-17 Title A name given to the resource Can We Be Both Truthful and Hopeful? Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richard A. Rhem Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Sermons Relation A related resource Richard A. Rhem - An Archive of Sermons, Prayers, Talks and Stories: http://richardrhem.org/ Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Sound Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 application/pdf Description An account of the resource A sermon given by Richard A. Rhem (Dick) on December 17, 1995 entitled "Can We Be Both Truthful and Hopeful?", as part of the series "Now - But Then", on the occasion of Advent III, at Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI. Scripture references: Isaiah 9:2, I Cor 13:13, Luke 1:79. Advent Hope Journey of Faith Love at the core of reality Presence of God