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Veterans History Project Interview
Vietnam
Hung Vu

Total Time – (33:01)

Background
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He was born in Hanoi, Vietnam in 1952 (00:24)
His father worked with the National Government of Vietnam and his mother had
a small jewelry shop
o The National Government of Vietnam was being managed by the French
(00:42)
After the Geneva Peace Accord in 1954, his family settled in Saigon, Vietnam
His father worked for a planning office in Saigon (01:08)
o He worked with the educational aspect of Vietnam (01:19)
o He believes that his fathers job was a higher position with better pay
He graduated from a French high school (02:12)
o There were two different kinds of schools in Vietnam
 There were the public schools for very smart kids (02:29)
 There were private schools as well
His father decided it was better to have his kids in private education than in the
public system (03:22)
o He was trying to get him the best education that he could
Before 1968, he did not pay much attention to the war in Vietnam (04:04)
o The war was not strong enough to worry about the war
o His family would not talk about the war or politics at home (04:31)
In general, the area he was living in did not have problems with the Viet Cong
o The suburbs that were farther out had the problems (04:50)
He noticed the Americans coming to the country
o He saw convoys and quite a lot of civilians (05:13)
o He gained the impression that the Vietnamese loved the Americans
(05:35)
 He had no idea if it was different outside of Saigon
o He saw a lot of military aircraft going overhead
When the Tet Offensive began in 1968, it did not effect him at all (06:17)
o He lived in the 3rd District of Saigon
When the offensive began, nothing seemed very different for him (07:02)
There were some firefights around local airbases as well (07:18)
o The offensive did not take place in all of Saigon, just in certain areas
(07:25)

�Enlistment/Training – (07:40)






He enlisted into the military in 1970 (07:48)
o He was able to choose which branch of the military that he wanted to go
into
o It was his dream to join the Navy (08:08)
 He did not want to join the Army because it was more dangerous
for them
He received electrician and electronic military training (08:35)
The training program was six months long
Before he received his technical training he had been in Basic Training (08:51)
o In Basic Training, he learned how to survive, survive when boats sink,
how to shoot, etc.
o He was an Ordinary Seaman once he was done with training (09:15)

Active Duty – (09:20)














After his training he was assigned to the 34th and 35th [Tien Giang] (09:25)
o Their job was to carry a reinforced fishing boat
 The boat was the size of about a semi-truck and a half (09:48)
 It was roughly 10 feet wide as well
o The boat was made of wood (10:09)
He was operating in [Tien Giang] (10:22)
He was operating in small lakes and other inland waterways (11:09)
The area where he was stationed had heavy Viet Cong (11:26)
He was there working on boats for roughly one year and a half (12:03)
He would spend three days on boats and then two days on base
o He worked to maintain the boats
o They were diesel engine boats (12:37)
o They sounded exactly like fishing boats
The boats were used in military operations by patrolling an area (12:57)
o They would stop and check identification of the boatmen (13:03)
o They work to control the area
He was never in a firefight of any kind
He was told to knock on the boat every time a fishing boat was stopped (13:42)
o You can tell if there is something in the boat from knocking on it
Most of the boats that were stopped were fishing boats (14:01)
o Most of the fishermen were very friendly and did not mind being stopped
When he was on base he was in a small camp with about 150 soldiers (14:51)
o The soldiers wives and children were there as well
o They would make sure there were no civilians living near the base

�








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This ensured that no Viet Cong could live or hide among the
villagers (15:15)
o His base was never attacked with anything
The Americans never went through where he was working
After he was working in that district for about a year and a half, he moved back
close to his hometown (16:13)
o His work was very similar – he was working in the shipyard (16:20)
o He worked with all types of boats
o When boats would have troubles they would bring them in to be worked
on
He worked on boat maintenance for the rest of the war (16:59)
As the Americans are on the way out, he did not notice any changes (17:29)
o With his rank he was not involved with what was going on in the base
o He knew what his job was and he did that (17:43)
During the 1970’s, he was able to learn from the news that the war had heavy
fighting
In February and March of 1975, he began to realize that the Communists might
actually come in and take over (18:45)
o They lost a couple of the zones
The Viet Cong and NVA did not have a naval presence (20:10)

Leaving Vietnam/Life in America – (20:22)








He flew out of the country at the end of the war (20:28)
o His sister was a stewardess and was able to get him and his younger
brother out of the country
o The rest of his family had to stay behind
o His older brother was in jail for six and a half years (21:21)
He flew out on a C-130 military transport (21:49)
o He flew from Vietnam to Guam and then went to the Philippines for one
month
o After the Philippines he went to Fort Chaffee in Arkansas (22:13)
When he was in Philippines he was handled with the American Red Cross
because he had some English in his background
o They would use him to interpret (22:45)
o The Philippines had some facilities for them to stay in
 In Guam, it was more like a refugee camp (23:06)
 They were living in the open
He stayed at Fort Chaffee, Arkansas for over two months (23:19)
o He handled in the mess halls and worked alongside the American Red
Cross
o They tried to teach the Vietnamese on how to live in America (23:36)
 There were handbooks, classes at night, movies, etc.
o There were roughly 40-50,000 Vietnamese there
 There were around 20-30 barracks where they would stay (24:23)

�

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











Standale Christian Reformed Church in Standale, Michigan sponsored him to
come to Michigan
o He only knew that Michigan was cold and had a lot of snow (24:53)
When he arrived he had a job at a nursing home
o Some worked in the kitchen and some were told to be nurse's aides (25:27)
He lived in an old apartment building behind the nursing home (26:01)
He had no problem adopting a new type of life (26:23)
o When he was in the Navy he did not work with the American Navy but he
spent six months speaking English with the American Navy
o Because of his previous French education, the European style of living
resonated much more with him than that of Vietnam (27:03)
 Learning French helped him learn English much easier
After he worked for the hospital he went to work for a die casting company
(27:48)
o The company was in Sparta, Michigan
o The company used a government program that allowed for any refugee to
be educated on a skill they wanted to learn (28:10)
 He chose to train on the keypunch (28:20)
He currently works for the Xpedx Paper Company (28:29)
o He works in the shipping and receiving
He has a family and got married
o He married his first wife in 1979 (28:59)
o In 1996 he remarried a Vietnamese lady
During the fall of Vietnam, many in the south were not allowed to go to school
There are current problems because communists took over Catholic lands (30:13)
He would only want to return to Vietnam if the government changed (30:58)
He has contact with relatives from his mothers side of the family
When he thinks back to his time in the Vietnamese Navy, he wishes that he could
have done better (32:01)
o He would have been more independent
o If he could start over again, he would do everything more than 100%

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Boring, Frank</text>
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Veterans History Project Interview
Vietnam
Hung Q Vu
Total Time – (01:03:08)

Background/Family Moves/Working on the American Military Base
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He was born in Nam Dinh, Vietnam in 1952 (00:24)
His father and mother were farmers – they owned their own land (00:46)
o His father was in the military later in his life
In 1954, when the French left, his family moved to the south because they were
Catholic (01:38)
o The Catholics could not get along with the Communists (01:45)
It was very hard to move to the south because his family lived in the countryside
o His father had to go and find work – he told the family that if he did not
return in one week that they were to go to the city (02:27)
o There was a large migration of Catholics and others that worked with the
French that migrated south
His family settled in Bien Hoa, Vietnam (03:50)
o It was roughly 25km outside of Saigon, Vietnam
At this point his father became a worker in a factory (04:10)
o He worked in the sugar factory until 1960
o After 1960, his father joined the armed forces (04:36)
He studied in Catholic school – it was a private education (04:48)
o When he was in high school they learned in Vietnamese (05:27)
o When they had to take another language, he took English and French
The war became increasingly popular in the 1960’s (popular in terms of
acknowledgement) (06:24)
o They were near the Long Binh Military Base
The Communists were traveling south
His father was stationed near their home (07:13)
He finished high school in 1970 (07:23)
In 1967, when he was in high school, he worked in the American military base
(07:57)
o The Americans hired a lot of Vietnamese that wanted to help with
supplies, etc.
o The supplies would be used to build churches, schools, and other buildings
(08:34)
o A lot of the supplies from the Americans were meant to build up the
civilian life
o He worked in the mess hall on the military base (09:11)

�

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When he was working on the base, he was able to learn from the Americans
o He learned the language, the customs, etc. (09:36)
 He learned about Thanksgiving, presents, Christmas, and other
customs
After he graduated from high school he wanted to go to Saigon University of Law
(10:12)
o He did not want to be a lawyer but he wanted to study international law
o He wanted to be a Vietnamese ambassador (10:30)
o He attended for two years

Enlistment/Basic Training/Training in the United States – (10:59)
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In 1972, he joined the Vietnamese Air Force (11:03)
o The Americans had previously been the source of all air support – when
they pulled out, the Vietnamese Air Force had to take over
o The goal of the Americans was to train Vietnamese pilots to take over
once they left (11:41)
He enlisted during the major Communist offensive [spring 1972]
The soldiers had to qualify to become pilots (12:00)
Many of the Vietnamese in the south saw the North Vietnamese as synonymous
with Viet Cong (12:22)
o To them, VC meant Vietnamese Communist
He was sent to the Vietnamese Air Force Center for Basic Training (13:21)
o He spent a couple of months there for training
o He learned basic training skills (13:31)
The soldiers studied English, and after a couple of months, they had to take a test
(13:49)
There were Vietnamese that were trained in the United States that taught the
courses
Once the soldiers passed the English test, they were sent to the United States for
more training (15:08)
o He went to Lackland Air Force Base in San Antonio, Texas (15:15)
o At Lackland Air Force Base he was able to meet a lot of people from
around the world that were studying English there as well
o He was with an international program (16:09)
He was learning specialized language that was useful for being a pilot (16:44)
They studied six hours a day
In the free time the soldiers could go and visit friends, visit the cities, or do
anything else that they wanted (17:15)
The move to the United States was not extremely difficult for him because he had
previously studied the American culture and customs in his English courses
(17:47)
He remembers that on Sunday there would be a bus going from the church to the
base
o They would go and pray for nearly an hour and then have lunch (18:32)

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o They would then go and visit the Alamo, or go and do some other activity
He was in the language training for nearly two months (19:09)
He was then sent to train in Medina, Texas (19:20)
o He was in an Officer Training School (19:26)
At Medina he was training with other internationals
He initially trained on the T 41 aircraft in South Texas (21:44)
After about two or three months he was sent to Sheppard Air Force Base in
Wichita Falls, Texas (22:17)
At the time, his instructor was a military officer (22:23)
Before the soldiers learned how to fly a jet, they had to take a survival course for
roughly two months
o They learned how to jam the parachutes, guide the parachutes, and how to
parachute in general
After the survival training, he is then taught how to fly jet aircraft (23:16)
o He trained in T-37 (23:32)
o The training for the T-37 was roughly nine months long
He had to learn four different kinds of aspects to flying: contact navigation, night
flying, formation, and instruments (24:08)
As he was going through the training, there were others that were incapable of
finishing and had to drop out of the program (24:56)
o Some failed the English courses, some failed survival courses, some failed
the T-41 or T-37 training as well
There were roughly 20 in his class when they started – they finished with roughly
15 (26:23)
After the T-37 training, he followed his schedule that he received when he came
to the United States
o He was supposed to learn and train on the T-38, but after President Nixon
resigned, they were no longer able to train on it (27:05)
o Because his training was cancelled, he was sent back to Vietnam (27:41)
At the time, he did not know that they were being cut off from the program

Pilot Training in Vietnam/Prisoner – (28:30)
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When he arrived in Vietnam, he was sent to Phan Rang Air Base (28:43)
o They were allowed to fly around with an Officer with higher rank so that
they could gain experience (29:07)
o He essentially received further training in Vietnam
There were some aircraft in Phan Rang Air Base that would fly on combat
missions (29:40)
o Experienced pilots were the only ones that would fly on the combat
missions because they did not want anything to happen to the aircraft
He joined his squadron in late 1974 and early 1975 (30:02)
The Vietnamese Air Force had problems of not having enough bombs, fuel,
weapons, and other supplies (30:33)

�
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
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The North Vietnamese never used aircraft against them
o They only used their Army and tanks (31:25)
During the last months of the war, they were all paying attention to what was
happening (31:35)
His squad had to move from he middle to the south in [Long Xuyen], Vietnam
They did not know all of what was going on in the politics but they knew that
they were fighting to protect the country (32:00)
When Saigon fell on April 29, he was in Long Xuyen (32:30)
o On April 29, he got off the base and heard that the new leaders wanted the
Americans to move out of the country in twenty-four hours
 They knew that it was the end of the war (33:15)
After April 30, he stayed in Saigon, Vietnam (33:29)
o He did not want to return home in Bien Hoa because he was afraid that the
Tet Offensive [or attacks by communists on supporters of the South
Vietnamese government, as had occurred during Tet 1968]was still going
on and that bad things would happen to him (33:40)
o He told his brother to go to Saigon where he was to get him if nothing
happens in Bien Hoa (34:14)
 He stayed with a friend in Saigon and waited
o A week later his brother went to Saigon and took him home (34:28)
After being home for a month he was sent to a prison camp (35:08)
His father was in the low ranks during this time – he was not taken to the prisoner
camp
He believed he was going to report in Bien Hoa for a short program but he was
actually being sent off to a labor camp (36:24)
There were many that were sent to the labor camp – included teachers, military
men, and many other professionals
The camp was like an old military camp (37:43)
o The laborers were organized by rank
o They were controlled by military men and not policemen (38:27)
While he was in the camp, there was not enough food for the prisoners (39:00)
o They were told that if they wanted the prisoners killed, it was easy
o They said that they did not want to kill them like that (39:20)
o The prisoners were sent to the field, working hard, without food
Before Saigon fell, most of the people in the city were in good health, but after the
city fell, there was not enough food to keep everyone healthy (39:40)
The prisoners were never supplied with clothes – they had to wear whatever they
had brought with them
o They worked in the rain and sunshine – eight or nine hour days (40:15)
They were later allowed to visit with their families
o They knew that they did not have enough food or medicine for the
prisoners (40:45)
 That is why they allowed the families to send food and medicine
(40:59)

�






The work was farm work, jungle work, and simply dependent on what was
needed
The Vietnamese government called the camps re-education camps (42:10)
o Their main purpose was to brainwash the prisoners and use free labor
They were taught to believe that they were freeing the south from foreigners like
the United States (42:48)
o The Vietnamese government treated them like the enemy (43:11)
o The prisoners were required to say and do certain things
 They had to write about everything that had happened in their lives
(43:37)
 They did this so that the prisoners would feel guilty with the
country (43:58)
 They wanted the prisoners to think the Vietnamese government
was a hero
o The prisoners talked about all of these things in the secret (44:20)
 They were able to understand each other
 Sometimes they could speak, but they also used sign language
(44:46)
There were some prisoners that would report other prisoners talking or activities
He had to stay in the prison camp for a little more than three years (45:02)

Release from Prison/Escaping to the United States – (45:19)









When he was released, he went home with his parents
The prisoners were released individually (45:40)
When he got home and reported to his local police, they questioned him on why
he went to the United States (46:42)
o He told them that he went there for pilot training
o They told him that he actually went there for CIA training (46:55)
o Because they believed he was CIA, they made him report every month
about what he was doing (47:40)
 He had to report every month until 1990
o He never had to write that he had worked for the CIA, he was just told that
he had (48:00)
He did a lot of different general labor so that he could survive
He had friends that owned small factories – he would go and help them with
accounting (49:01)
The people in his neighborhood were asked about him by the policemen (50:00)
o After they were asked, the police left (50:19)
o The local community was helpful and supportive of him
He had a classmate that was a pilot as well – he found out that his classmate had
left the country in 1975 (51:02)
o He was able to meet his friend's sister
o They eventually got married (51:25)
o Her father has a very high rank in the military (51:28)

�
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
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
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

 He spent ten years in a prison camp as well (51:36)
They got married in 1980
o When they got married, his wife’s father was still in the prison (52:13)
He tried to escape Vietnam by boat many times
o He knew that he had a tie to the United States (52:36)
o He knew the type of life that could be lived in the United States
o He told one of his friends that if he could go to the United States with him,
he could help with the transition (52:56)
 They let him, but he could not go
In one attempt, he and his wife were half a day away when they were caught by a
patrol boat (53:14)
o It was the only time that he was actually caught
It was difficult to plan an escape from the country because there were so many
policemen (54:07)
o They would have to know who to bribe and how to use their money
(54:21)
American President Ronald Reagan had a program in 1989 with the Vietnamese
Communists that allowed any Vietnamese individual who was imprisoned for
three years to move to the United States (55:34)
In 1990, he got an interview and came to the United States in June of 1990
(56:19)
o He told the interviewer that they had a relative that lived in Grand Rapids,
Michigan – his wife’s brother lived there
o They were then sponsored to go to Grand Rapids, Michigan (56:55)
When he arrived he only had twenty dollars in his pocket
He received some help from the local diocese (57:39)
o He also received some help from the welfare program
He enrolled into the community college to study tool and die manufacturing
(58:04)
After two and a half years his wife came
o She first worked in a restaurant (58:23)
o She opened her own business two years later
Once he graduated from college he got a job working with tool and die (58:40)
He has two kids (58:49)
o When they arrived, his children were in elementary school and did not
know any English
His children each graduated from Grand Valley State University in Allendale,
Michigan (01:00:07)
Both of his children are now chiropractors
It took his children roughly one year to learn English (01:00:40)
Two years later and his daughter was very proficient
He worked with Vietnamese immigrants that could not speak English (01:01:14)
He is able to relate with the Vietnamese that come to America
He can not imagine what life would be like if his family was still in Vietnam
(01:02:55)

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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="340761">
                <text>Vulcan British bomber, March 1, 1954.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="340763">
                <text>United States. Navy</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="340764">
                <text>Military education</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="340765">
                <text>Slides</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="340766">
                <text>World War, 1939-1945</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="340767">
                <text>Airplanes, Military--Recognition</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="340768">
                <text>Great Britain</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="340769">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="340770">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en"&gt;No Copyright - United States&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="340771">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="340772">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="340774">
                <text>Naval recognition slides (RHC-50)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="438535">
                <text>1954-03-01</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1028287">
                <text>Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
