7
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Text
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1992-02-27_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech at the 75th Anniversary Dinner of the American Red Cross
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given February 27, 1992 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the 75th Anniversary Dinner of the American Red Cross.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Health
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1992-02-27
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0b7f8604739fb4a1fe0bda18df37f38f.pdf
a2be1e2009c7644844175047f6ffe37a
PDF Text
Text
PRESS CONFERENCE TO ANNOUNCE FUNDING OF THE
MICHIGAN COMMUNITY FOUNDATION YOUTH PRUJECT
Remarks by
Dr. Russell G. Mawby
Chairman of the Board and CEO
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
February 26, 1991
Governor Engler, Mrs.
Hooker, Mrs.
Johnson, Mrs. Noland,
(add name
of student when known) Ladies and Gentlemen, it is a great pleasure
for me to be here today,
It is my pleasant task
to share some very exciting news with you.
to announce
that will build communities across
will raise millions of dollars
for youth projects
young
leaders
to
an
the launching of an initiative
the state -- an initiative that
for chari table purposes,
initiative
volunteer
for
especially
that will mobilize
activities
that
will
scores
improve
of
the
lives of others.
Last Thursday, the board of trustees of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation
approved
one
history.
The Council of Michigan Foundations will be the recipient
of
a
called
of
five-year,
"The
the
largest
$35 million
Michigan
grants
grant
Community
to
in
our
direct
Foundation
Foundation's
an
initiative
6l-year
to
be
Youth
Project."
This
in
volunteerism
and
project will have four goals:
1.
To
give
youth
philanthropy.
hands-on
experience
�2.
To challenge Michigan's network of conununity foundations to
build
their
endowments
so
that
they will
be
prepared
to
meet the needs of the future.
3.
To
use
a
substantial
portion
of
the
endowment
income
to
support projects to improve the well-being of youth.
4.
To bring the services of conununity foundations
to areas of
the state that are currently unserved.
The
Council
of
Michigan
administer this project.
foundations
and
is
admirably
suited
to
Founded in 1972, CMF is an association of
corporate
charitable purposes.
Foundations
giving
programs
that
make
grants
for
Its 275 members include 37 Michigan conununity
foundations, and these are the organizations that will be challenged
to raise and distribute resources for community betterment.
The
Communi ty
Michigan
following way.
challenges
$1,000,000.
Youth
Project
will
work
in
the
Communi ty Foundations will be encouraged to accept
ranging
from
a
minimum
of
$10,000
to
a
maximUJll
of
The con~unity foundations must raise $2 for every $1 of
the challenge.
be used
Foundation
The challenge money from the Kellogg Foundation must
to endow youth funds,
but
the money raised for
match can be used for any charitable purpose.
2
the
local
�Fully
$33,000,000
of
the
Foundation's
challenges.
so with the local matches, a
be
to
raised
foundations.
strengthen
the
grant
will
be
used
for
total of $99,000,000 will
endowments
of
Michigan's
Community
The remaining $2 million of the grant will pay for the
project administration and for technical assistance that the Council
will provide to participating community foundations.
Meeting
these
challenges
will
strengthen
existing
community
foundations, and it is our expectation that the challenges will also
provide the incentive for many communities -- as many as 15-20 -- to
establish a community foundation.
of
the
largest and strongest
the nation,
end of
Although Michigan already has one
networks
of
there are s till many areas
community foundations
that are unserved.
in
By the
this five-year project, it is our hope that every county in
the state will benefit from some level of service from a community
foundation.
But the most important aspect of
Youth
Project
resources:
is
our
its
focus
young
the Michigan Community Foundation
on
that
people.
most
Each
precious
of
Michigan's
participating
community
foundation must form a youth committee with at least 50 percent of
its members
lead
in
under
the
assessing
challenges,
and most
age
of
community
21.
These
needs,
importantly,
committees will
raising
to
meet
in making recommendations
community foundation board fo r youth grantmaking.
3
money
take
to
the
the
the
�This project, therefore, will prepare a generation of youngsters for
leadership in philanthropy and volunteerism by giving them practical
experience in fundraising, and in the wise stewardship of charitable
funds.
that
It will bring community foundations
are
currently
unserved,
and
will
to areas
increase
the
of
the state
resources
of
existing community foundations, especially in the field of youth.
The
Kellogg
themselves.
Foundation
This
Council for
was
purpose
this project.
established
is
reflected
to
in
help
this
people
grant made
all
Michigan
communi ty
givers.
local
citizens
foundations.
It
level
confident,
will.
to
And
in short,
cope
help
to
the
It will place resources in the hands of
I t will
local leaders, who know best how to solve local problems.
bring
to
with
wi thin
it
will
develop
the
the
service
turn
youth
leaders
and
vexing
problems
to paraphrase Winston Churchill,
leaders the tools, they will finish the job.
Thank you very much.
093lw
4
areas
that
of
into
Michigan
doers
resources
we
face.
and
at
the
We
are
if we give
local
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1991-02-26_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech at the Press Conference to Announce Funding of the Michigan Community Foundation Youth Project
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given February 26, 1991 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the press conference to announce funding of the Michigan Community Foundation Youth Project.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Youth
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1991-02-26
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/fbd3365178bedffd1d8b96d40e74c1f3.pdf
eec53e6a73fb1bfaf93bbd8b66db702f
PDF Text
Text
.,(..<£
Remarks by RGM t Co fe rence of
foun ath n s , Feb . 25 -27 ,
Ann Arbor
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This emphasis is in no way intended to depreciate the im-
portance of any of the others.
tion, for
In fact, there is great tempta-
give particular attention to the some 250
community foundations throughout our country, a group of fO\1ndations whose future seems particularly bright.
An efficient and
effective means of mobilizing private resources to serve local
needs, these foundations are serving very useful purposes in
their respective communities.
It seems safe to predict that
community foundations -- for various reasons, including their
favored position under current tax law -- will become increasingly
important in the philanthropic scene.
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In the first place,
it is sobering to realize that the only private foundations
in tomorrow's world already exist today.
Under current tax law,
the bj.rth rate of new foundations is virtually zero, the few
exceptions being essentially those for which irrevocable instruments had been drawn pre-TRA-69.
to local philanthropy.
Traditionally composed of equity holdinss
in the family business, they are beset by the complexities of
conformance with the 1969 law and are particularly burdened by
the payout rules of Section 4942 and the divestiture provisions
of Section 4943.
For many, the only reasonable course s e ems
either dissolution or, of somewhat less negative consequence to
philanthropy, transference of assets to a
co~~unity
foundation.
Nonetheless, they pass from the private foundation scene.
Finally, private foundations in tomorrow's world will have
a lessening significance in the total social scene.
While our
national economy will continue to grow, the resources of
private foundations will not keep pace in either relative or
absolute terms.
One aspect of this problem r elates to inflation.
The educational and service enterprises which are the usual concerns of phil anthropy tend to experience inflationary pressure
beyond that for the economy in general.
Most dama ging to the
capacity of private foundations to serve tomorrow's expanding
needs, however, are those provisions of TRA-69 which are drying
up the flow of new capital into existing foundations and which
mandate the continuing erosion of their productive assets.
4
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9
�concerns of philanthropy have not ranked high.
Hopefully,
concerted effort by such as the group assembled here will
result in further consideration of these matters by Congress.
I would emphasize that my concern rests not alone with private
foundations, but with all policy issues and laws which bear on
the private nonprofit sector.
For example, we must be vigilant
that further damage is not done through changes which could·
negatively affect charitable giving by altering the charitable
deduction or discouraging gifts of appreciated assets.
One hoped-for objective of the Commission on Private
Philanthropy and Public Needs i.s to stimulate a systematic
rethinking by the American people of the role of the privat.e
nonprofit sector.
The analyses and recon@endations of the
Commission provide useful and stimulating insight and can
serve as the basis for reappraisal, not only at the national
level but at the grass roots.
The challenge to the group here
assembled is to help this happen across the land.
Let's not
miss this opportunity!
In summary, if private foundations are to be an important
part of tomorrow's world, serious thought should be given to
the following:
1.
The provisions of TRA-69 which impact negatively and
discriminate against private foundations should be modified.
As recommended by the Council on Foundations in their report
to the Filer Comrnission, there should be a reduction of the 4%
10
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�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1976-02-25_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech at the Conference of Michigan Foundations
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given February 25, 1976 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation to discuss the importance and the role of private foundations in their community.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-02-25
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/506edce819cf1802220f77f73fd11d65.pdf
a1ee6f6210f75e2776c282e3dffddb2f
PDF Text
Text
(I
BOLDNESS FOR OUR TIME
REMARKS BY RUSSELL G. MAWBY,
CHAIRMAN AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
W. K. KELLOGG FOUNDATION
AT THE
HORACE MANN LEAGUE LUNCHEON
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA
FEBRUARY 24, 1990
I .
IT IS AN HONOR INDEED TO BE WITH YOU TODAY TO PRESENT THE HORACE MANN
LECTURE FOR 1990.
CONTRIBUTIONS
EACH OF YOU IS HERE BECAUSE OF YOUR ACH I EVEMENTS AND
IN YOUR
PROFESSION OF
EDUCATION.
THUS,
I
REGARD
IT A
PRIVILEGE TO SHARE THIS BRIEF TIME WITH YOU BECAUSE EACH OF YOU, IN YOUR
�2
RESPECTIVE COMMUNITIES AND
INSTITUTIONS,
IS
IN
A POSITION TO INFLUENCE,
TO SHAPE, TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE IN THE EDUCATION OF FUTURE GENERATIONS.
I A~UL TO JACK MAWDSLEY FOR HIS AUDACITY IN INVITING ME TO SPEAK.
~ LA..7'I-'''
I AM NOT A PROFESSIONAL EDUCATOR.
MICHIGAN,
TOWN,
IN
I GREW UP ON A FRUIT FARM IN WESTERN
WENT TO A TWO-ROOM COUNTRY SCHOOL AND THEN TO HIGH SCHOOL
AND WAS THE FIRST IN MY FAMILY TO GO TO COLLEGE, EARNING A DEGREE
HORT I CULTURE.
MEMBER,
A
TAX
I AM A PARENT AND GRANDPARENT, A FORMER SCHOOL BOARD
PAYER,
THE
CEO
OF
A
FOUNDATION
EDUCATION, A CITIZEN CONCERNED WITH TOMORROW.
EDUCATION,
CR ITIC,
I
AM
AT ONCE
AN ADVOCATE.
TO ENCOURAGE--IN
A BENEFICIARY,
DEEPLY
INVOLVED
A PARTICIPANT,
A SUPPLICANT,
FACT EXHORT--YOU TO BE MORE AGGRESSIVE, MORE
MORE VENTURESOME
FOR AS EDUCATORS, YOU DO SHAPE TOMORROW.
IN
WITH REFERENCE TO PUBLIC
My SOLE REASON FOR ACCEPTING JACK'S INVITATION
YET PRAGMATIC, MORE VISIBLE,
ROLE.
IN
A
IS
VISIONARY
IN PURSUING YOUR PRICELESS
�3
II
EDUCAT
ION IN THE UN
ITED STATES HAS A VERY R
ICH AND SUCCESSFUL H
ISTORY,
/(
UNT
IL REC NTLY THE ENVY AND THE MODEL FOR THE WORLD
, OUR EDUCAT
IONAL
SYSTEM HAS PROV
IDED KNOWLEDGE AND SK
ILLS FOR THE MASSES WH
ILE ENCOURAG
ING
THE IND
IV
IDUAL CREAT
IV
ITY THAT HAS ENABLED TH
IS COUNTRY TO PRODUCE MORE
NOBEL PR
IZE W
INNERS THAN ANY OTHER NAT
ION IN THE WORLD
,
THE F
IRST PUBL
IC EDUCAT
ION IN
IT
IAT
IVE THAT HAD A NAT
ION W
IDE IMPACT WAS
THE NORTHWEST ORD
INANCE OF 1
7
87
, WH
ICK ·
DED
ICATED LAND IN EACH COUNTY OF
THE UPPER M
IDWEST STATES FOR SUPPORT OF EDUCAT
ION
TH
IS COMM
ITMENT
PROV
IDED THE OPPORTUN
ITY FOR EVERY CH
ILD IN THEN
-RURAL AMER
ICA TO
EXPER
IENCE AN EDUCAT
ION
, IN
IT
IALLY AT LEAST THROUGH WHAT WE NOW CALL THE
"
,
""
ELEMENTARY PHASE
.~
L
ONE
-ROOM COUNTRY SCHOOLS QU
ICKLY BECAME A
TRAD
IT
ION THROUGHOUT THE COUN
TRY
S
ID
E
, IT WAS NOT UNT
IL NEARLY 50 YEARS
LATER THAT THE MODEL FOR THE STR
UCTU
R
E AND CONTROL OF OUR ED
UCA
T
ION
SYSTEM WAS DEVELOPED
.
�4
IN 1837
, HORACE MANN
, WH
ILE SERV
ING AS PRES
IDENT OF THE MASSACHUSETTS
STATE SENATE
, WAS CH
IEFLY RESPONS
IBLE FOR THE ENACTMENT OF THE B
ILL
CREAT
ING THE STATE BOARD OF
UA
~
PR
IOR TO THE CREAT
ION OF TH
IS
STATE BOARD
, THERE HAD BEEN TWO OPPOS
ING FACT
IONS SEEK
ING TO CHANGE THE
I
DEF
IC
IENT PUBL
IC SCHOOLS OF MASSACHUSETTS
.
ONE FACT
ION SUPPORTED THE
ESTABL
ISHMENT OF ACADEM
IES
; THE OTHER! THE REFORMAT
ION OF EDUCAT
ION BY
ESTABL
ISH
ING A CENTRAL AUTHOR
ITY
.
LEAD THE CHARGE V
IGOROUSLY FOR
~A
I
THE REFORMERS AM
IDST THE ATTACK OF THOSE WHO OPPOSED THE CREAT
ION OF THE
STATE SYSTEM
.
ONCE THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BOARD IDF EDUCAT
ION WAS ESTABL
ISHED
, HORACE
MANN
WAS
SELECTED AS
ITS F
IRS
SECRETARY
.
MANN
ACCEPTED
RESPONS
IB
IL
ITY AT CONS
IDERABLE F
I1ANC
IAL SACR
IF
ICE AND W
ITH
AUTHOR
ITY
.
THIS
L
ITTLE
THE BOARD COULD NE
ITHE\ FORM NOR ADM
IN
ISTER SCHOOLS
; ITS
FUNCT
ION WAS TO COLLECT AND D
ISSEM
IN TE INFORMAT
ION
. W
ITH TH
IS L
IM
ITED
MANDATE
, THE SUCCESS OF THE STA
TEBOA D WA S D
IRECTLY ATTR
IBUTABLE TOTHE
PERSONALI
TY AND PERSUASI
VENESS OF ITS
ARMED W
ITH ONLY THE
�5
POWER OF H
IS INTELLECT AND H
IS SALESMANSH
IP
, HORACE MANN ESTABL
ISHED THE
CONCEPT
OF
PUBL
IC
INST
ITUTES
, AND
MEET
INGS
THE
FOR
PUBL
ICAT
ION
EDUCAT
ION
,
OF
COUNTY
"THE COMMON
INFLUENCE THE EDUCATIONAL PUBL
IC IN MASSACHUSETTS
.
ANNUAL
REPORTS
ON
THE
EDUCAT
IONAL
COND
IT
IONS
A ~
ELSEWHERE
,
WH
ICH
OCCUpy A
EDUCAT
ION
.
H
IS SEVENTH REPORT
, PR
INTED IN
/
/
:
TEACHER
SENSE
TRA
IN
ING
JOURNAL
" TO
HE ALSO AUTHORED
IN MASSACHUSETTS
12
AND
IN THE H
ISTORY OF
1
8
4
3 AFTER
AF
IVE
-MONTH STUDY
,
/
TOUR IN EUROPE
, DREW ATTACK/F
"ROM SCHOOLMASTERS IN BOSTON
.
PRA
ISED EUROPEAN
/
~
THE REPORT
AND THE
IR METHODS OF INSTRUCT
ION
, PART
ICULARLY
THE USE OF THE "WORD METHOD
" IN TEACH
ING READ
ING AND THE ABOL
IT
ION OF
CORPORAL PUN
ISHMENT IN GERMANY
.
THESE NEW IDEAS SEEMED R
ID
ICULOUS TO
MOST MASSACHUSETTS SCHOOLMASTERS AND CONTROVERSY OVER MANN
'S LEADERSHIP
ENSUED
.
HORACE MANN BOLDLY STOOD H
IS GROUND IN SUPPORT OF H
IS FUTUR
IST
IC
~~
HORACE
MANN
WAS
DED
ICAT
ION TO THE
A V
IS
IONARY
~
EDUCATIONAL
LEADER
IN
IME .
H
IS T
H
IS
OF EDUCAT
ION WAS A ST
IMULUS TO PROGRESS IN
�6
THE MASSACHUSETTS EDUCAT
ION SYSTEM
, MAK
ING IT THE PROTOTYPE FOR ALL THE
STATES
.
MANN
'S IMPACT ON
EDUCAT
ION
MADE
H
IS
ERA
ARGUABLY
A MOST
INFLUENT
IALPER
IOD INAMER
ICA
'S EDUCAT
ION H
ISTORY
.
THE YEARS S
INCE THEN ARE
P
IONEERS
, V
IS
IONAR
IES
.
REPLETE W
ITH
OTHER
EDUCAT
IONAL INNOVATORS
,
WH
ILE FEW HAVE HAD THE PERVAS
IVE IMPACT OF THE
AUTHORS OF THE NORTHWEST ORDINANCE TWO CENTURIES AGO AND HORACE MANN A
-
T
IME
.
I
I
I
THE 1980S IN AMERICA WERE CHARACTERIZED BY A STEADY STREAM OF REFORMS
,
A
IMED AT RA
IS
ING AMER
ICA
'S LEVEL OF ACH
IEVEMENT IN F
IELDS AS D
IVERSE AS
EDUCAT
ION
AND
PRODUCT
MANUFACTUR
ING
.
YET IN
TH
IS DECADE
IMPRESS
IVE PROGRESS ON MANY FRONTS
, AMER
ICA IS PLAGUED BY THE
THAT TOO MANY
OF
~
YOUNG ARE FA
IL
ING TO MATURE
MARKED
~ AL
BY
A
INTO RESPONS
IBLE
,
�7
COMPETENT
, AND CONTR
IBUT
ING YOUNG ADULTS
.
IN SEEK
ING AT LEAST A PART
IAL
EXPLANAT
ION
, ITBECOMES APPARENT THAT THREE OF THE BAS
IC INST
ITUT
IONS OF
SOC
IETY FOR SOC
IAL
IZ
ING ITS NEXT GENERAT
ION -THE FAM
ILY
, THE SCHOOL
,
AND THE LOCAL COMMUN
ITY --ARE FALL
ING SHORT OF FULF
ILL
ING THE
IR H
ISTOR
IC
ROLES
.
IN NO F
IELD HAS REFORM BEEN MORE
STR
IDENTLY RECOMMENDED AND MORE
AMB
IT
IOUSLY IMPLEMENTED THAN IN PRECOLLEG
IATE EDUCAT
ION
.
NEARLY A DOZEN
MAJOR REPORTS HAVE IND
ICTED THE SCHOOL SYSTEMS OF OUR NAT
ION FOR THE
IR
OUTDATED TEACH
ING METHODS
,
L
L ~
AND POOR RECORD OF SUCCESS
.
YET THE VAR
IOUS PRESCR
IPT
IONS ADVANCED BY THE REFORMERS -BE THEY HNEW
K
IND
OF
TEACHERH
APPROACHES
,
MANDATED
CURR
ICULA
,
OR
IMPROVED
ORGAN
IZAT
IONAL MODELS
, HAVE NOT
, IN MOST CASES
, BROUGHT ABOUT SUBSTANT
IAL
IMPROVEMENT
.
THERE IS NO NEED FOR ME TO REGALE YOU W
ITH THE STA
T
IST
ICS AND OTHER
EVIDENCE WH I
CH BUI
LD THE CASE
.
YOu ARE WE LL AWARE OF THE STATUS INYOUR
�8
DISTRICT,
YOUR
DISTURBING AND
STATE,
OUR
NATION.
INDEED DEPLORABLE,
BUT WHILE
THERE
THERE
IS MUCH
IS STILL MUCH
THAT
IN OUR
IS
PUBLIC
EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN THIS COUNTRY ABOUT WHICH WE CAN BE VERY PROUD.
NO
OTHER SOCIETY HAS MADE A LONGER, BROADER, MORE PERVASIVE COMMITMENT TO
PROVIDE EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR ITS YOUNG, WITH A SECOND -- AND A
THIRD -- CHANCE FOR ALL.
AND WHILE WE CONTINUE TO STRUGGLE WITH THE
STANDARDS OF SERVING BETTER THE NEEDS OF EACH INDIVIDUAL, AND WE DESPAIR
WHEN ANY INDIVIDUAL IS NOT WELL-SERVED OR FAILS TO ACHIEVE HIS OR HER
POTENTIAL, OUR SCHOOLS DO A REMARKABLY GOOD JOB WITH MOST YOUNG PEOPLE.
AND DESP ITE ALL THE CR ITIC ISM AND DESPAI R' CWCj) TRUTHS REMAI N.
FIRST,
-
EDUCATION IS STILL THE WAY BY WHICH A SOCIETY PROGRESSES.
AND SECOND,
EDUCATION
INDIVIDUAL.
IS
STILL
THE
WAY
TO
A BETTER
LIFE
FOR
THE
EDUCATION
BROADLY DEFINED AND NOT LIMITED TO COURSES, CREDITS, AND
CREDENTIALS;
BUT
EDUCATION
--
TEACHING,
LEARNING,
IN
THE
BROADEST
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK, I N SCHOOL AND OUT, FROM EAR LY CH I LDHOOD THROUGHOUT
LIFE.
�9
I N TURN I NG NOW TO THE FUTURE, THE DRAMAT ICC I RCUMSTANCES OF TODAY WOULD
SUGGEST THE NEED FOR DEEP AND SWEEPING CHANGES IN OUR APPROACH TO PUBLIC
EDUCATION AT THE PRECOLLEGIATE LEVEL, TO MATCH THOSE BEING EXPERIENCED IN
THE LIVES OF INDIVIDUALS, FAMILIES AND COMMUNITIES, AND OUR SOCIETY AT
LARGE.
I
AM
SUGGESTING
THAT
THE
TIME
IS OVERDUE
FOR
YOU
AND
THE
EDUCATIONAL INTELLECTUAL ESTABLISHMENT TO ONCE AGAIN BE PIONEERS, MOVING
FORWARD WITH VISION,
COURAGE, BOLDNESS, AND A VENTURESOME SPIRIT.
IN
SHAR ING MY CONCERNS IN TH IS REGARD, I WI LL ORGAN I ZE MY THOUGHTS AROUND
--
FIVE POINTS.
MISS CONRAD, MY HIGH SCHOOL SPEECH TEACHER, TAUGHT ME THAT
NO SPEECH SHOULD CONTAIN MORE THAN TWO OR CERTAINLY AT MOST THREE POINTS,
SINCE
THE
TYPICAL
AUDIENCE
CAN
ABSORB
NO
MORE.
BUT
WITH
SUCH
AN
ILLUSTRIOUS AGGREGATION AS THAT ASSEMBLED HERE IN THE MANN LEAGUE, I FEEL
COMFORTABLE IN STRETCHING THAT LIMIT TO FIVE.
POINT #1:
,-
BOLDNESS
LEAD
•
I N ADDRESS I NG
THE
COMPLEX
PROCESS OF THE YOUNG,
PREBIRTH THROUGH ADOLE SCENCE TO YOUNG ADULTHOOD.
FROM
�10
I REAL I ZE
I MMED IATEL Y THAT TH IS MAY STRETCH YOUR CONCEPT
I
SUGGESTED EARLIER THAT THREE OF THE BASIC INSTITUTIONS OF SOCIETY NEED
ATTENTION
THE
SCHOOLS,
THE
FAMILY,
THE
LOCAL
COMMUNITY.
YOu
EDUCATORS ARE TYPICALLY CONCERNED WITH ONLY ONE - THE SCHOOL.
AS
WHAT I AM
NOW SUGGESTING IS THAT, IN YOUR PROFESSIONAL ROLE, YOU CANNOT SO SIMPLY
DISASSOCIATE YOURSELF FROM THE OTHER TWO.
THE YOUNG PEOPLE WHOM YOU
RECE I VE ARE A PRODUCT OF THE OTHER TWO, AND THE HOME/F AM I LY AND LOCAL
COMMUNITY ARE OF SUCH IMPORTANCE IN SHAPING YOUNG LIVES THAT THEY CAN NO
LONGER BE IGNORED NOR CAN THEIR CONSEQUENCES BE FULLY COUNTERMANDED WHEN
.,-k"
y.
S
'k-\,
STEP IN AT KINDERGARTEN.
AS RATIONALE FOR THIS POINT,
I
WANT TO
ELABORATE ONE OR TWO OBSERVATIONS.
MOST
ADMINISTRATORS
OF
PUBLIC
PRECOLLEGIATE
EDUCATION
ASSUME
NO
RESPONSIBILITY FOR A YOUNGSTER UNTIL HE OR SHE REACHES AGE FIVE, USUALLY
BY DECEMBER 1.
IF THE YOUNGSTER'S BIRTHDAY IS ON DECEMBER 2, WE DON'T
HAVE TO WORRY ABOUT THAT ONE
UNTIL NEXT YEAR.
BUT THE
EVI DEN CE OF
RESEARCH IS PERSUASIVELY CLEAR -- TO WAIT UNTIL AGE FIVE IS TO WAIT TOO
�11
-
LONG
.
WE KNOW THE S
IGN
IF
ICANCE OF THE EARL
IEST DAYS AND THE F
IRST TWO
YEARS OF L
IFE IN SHAP
ING THE PERSONAL
ITY
, THE VALUES
, THE QUAL
IT
IES OF
THE IND
IV
IDUAL
.
AND WE
KNOW ALSO THE S
IGN
IF
ICANCE OF AGES THREE AND
FOUR -THE PRESCHOOL PER
IOD WHEN WE
AND OTHER
PRESCHOOL
PROGRAMS ON
HAVE BEEN DABBL
ING W
ITH HEADSTART
~
A FRAGMENTED
,
NONCOMPREHENS
IVE
,
AND
UNARTICULATED BASIS
. DESPITE OVERWHELMING EV ENCE
, SOCIETY HAS FA
ILED
TO DO
ANYTH
ING SYSTEMAT
ICALLY AND
COMPREHENS
IVELY
TO DEAL
W
ITH THE
DEVELOPMENTAL PROCESS DUR
ING THE YEARS PR
IOR TO THE MANDATED START OF
FORMAL SCHOOL
ING
.
IN EARL
IER GENERAT
IONS
, TH
IS WAS THE PREROGAT
IVE OF
THE HOME AND THE PARENTS
.
WH
ILE A
~
L
IND
IV
IDUAL FAM
IL
IES PERFORMED
W
ITH VARY
ING DEGREES OF SUCCESS
, ITWAS A SOC
IETAL EXPECTAT
ION THAT TH
IS
WAS
A FAM
ILY RESPONS
IB
IL
ITY
.
FAM
IL
IES
AND
FOR
MANY
NURTUR
ING
, SUPPORT
IVE
,
AND ST
ILL TODAY IN MANY HOMES
,
YOUNGSTERS
,
THE
HOME
AND
DEVELOPMENTAL ENV
IRONMENT
.
FAM
ILY
BUT
,
IN MANY
PROV
IDE
A
ALL OF US ARE
V
IV
IDLY AWARE FOR MANY YOUNGSTERS AND IN MANY HOMES AND FAM
IL
IES
, TH
IS IS
S
IMPLY NOT THE CASE
.
�12
TO
FURTHER
THERE
ARE
I LLUSTRATE THE
TOO
UNPRODUCT I VE,
MANY
I
IMPORTANCE
ADULTS
REFER
CHRONICALLY ON WELFARE,
WHO
TO
THE
ARE
THOSE
EARLY
YEARS,
UNPRODUCTIVE
WHO
INCARCERATED,
FAILING TO BE SELF-SUPPORTING,
OF
ARE
IN
WE
KNOW
THAT
SOCIETY.
By
CHRON I CALLY
UNEMPLOYED,
GOING NOWHERE WITH THEIR
PRODUCTIVE, CONTRIBUTING;
LIVES --
FAILING TO LIVE
UP TO THE EXPECTATIONS FOR ADULTS IN AMERICAN SOCIETY.
IN STUDYING SUCH
INDIVIDUALS,
THE
THAT
UNPRODUCTIVE
ADULTS
SITUATIONS,
REALITY
MUST
EVIDENCE
ARE
A
PARTICULARLY
IN
BE
ADDRESSED
SEEMS
INCREASINGLY
CONSEQUENCE
THE
OF
EARLIEST
PRAGMATICAbLY
CLEAR
INADEQUATE
YEARS
AND
OF
MORE
HOME
LIFE.
MOST
AND
SUCH
FAMILY
SOMEHOW
EFFECTIVELY
THIS
THAN
IS
CURRENTLY THE CASE.
FURTHER,
TOO MANY STRATEGIES FOR EDUCATIONAL REFORM FORGET THE FACT THAT
CHILDREN ONLY ATTEND SCHOOL;
THEY LIVE SOMEWHERE ELSE.
EVEN THE FINEST
SCHEMES FOR SCHOOL REFORM TOUCH ONLY PART OF THE CHILD'S LIFE.
SUPERB PEDAGOGY GOE S UNHEARD
IF
THE
RUMBLE
THROBBING OF A BATTERED EYE DROWN S IT OUT,
OF
AN
THE MOST
EMPTY
STOMACH OR
THE
THE SCHOOLS,
THE FAMILY,
THE
�13
COMMUN
ITY OR NE
IGHBORHOOD ARE THREE INST
ITUT
IONS INTERDEPENDENT
, BUT NOT
EQUAL IN IMPORTANCE IN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
.
THE F
IRST AND MOST IMPORTANT
YEARS INTHE L
IVES OF CHI
LDREN ARE MA
l NLY THE PROVI
NCE OF THE FAMILY
.
UPON THE FAM
ILY
'S HEALTH
, ALL ELSE IN SOC
IETY DEPENDS
.
THAT MEANS
, WE
MUST F
IND EFFECT
IVE WAYS TO RENEW THE FAM
ILY
'S POTENT
IAL AND DEV
ISE MEANS
TO SUPPORT ITSESSENT
IAL FUNCT
IONS
.
S
IMPL
IST
ICALLY
, IWOULD OBSERVE THAT THE GREATEST PROBLEM W
ITH EDUCAT
ION
IS THAT MOST EDUCATORS AREN 'T
! RATHER THAN BE
ING EDUCATORS THEY ARE
S
IMPLY MANAGERS OF SYSTEMS
. IN THE
~
AND BUSYNESS OF THE
IR DAYS
,
U
THEY DR
IFT AWAY FROM THE BAS
IC CONCEPTS AND PR
INC
IPALS OF EDUCAT
ION
, TO
BECOME
PREOCCUP
IED
W
ITH
SOPH
IST
ICATED SYSTEMS OF
MAN
IPULAT
ING
OF
THE
MANAGEMENT
SCHOOL
ING
.
T
IME
OF
H
IGHLY
COMPLEX
IS OCCUP
IED
W
ITH
AND
THE
BUS TRANSPORTAT
ION SCHEDULES
, SCROUNG
ING FUNDS FOR
BU
ILD
ING MA
INTENANCE
, PUTT
ING OUT THE F
IRES OF THE MOMENT
.
WH
ILE ALL OF
THOSE IS
SUES AND MORE MUST BE DEALT W
ITH
, THE ESSENTI
AL M
ISSION O
F THE
ENT
IRE ENTERPR
ISE MUST REMA
IN THE CENTER OF FOCUS AND PREOCCUPA"
f
rON
.
�1
4
WHAT I AM SUGGEST
ING ISNOT THAT SCHOOLS SHOULD ASSUME RESPONS
IB
IL
ITY FOR
EVERYTH
ING IN INFLUENC
ING AND SHAP
ING THE EDUCAT
ION OR DEVELOPMENT OF THE
YOUNG
, FROM PREB
IRTH TO YOUNG ADULTHOOD
.
BUT WHAT I AM SUGGEST
ING
, IS
THAT YOU
, AS PROFESS
IONAL EDUCATORS AND RECOGN
IZED LEADERS IN YOUR
RESPECTI
VE
ROLES
,
SHOULD
PROVI
DE
THE
I
NTELLECTUAL
AND
CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORK
, THE V
ISIONARY LEADERSHIP
, THE CATALYTICI
NFLUENCE IN ENSURI
NG
~
COMPREHENS
IVE ATTENT
ION AT THE COMMUN
ITY LEVEL ON THE MUR
ID INFLUENCES
II-
WH
ICH IMPACT THE L
IVES OF YOUNGSTERS
.
YOu MUST BE CONCERNED ABOUT HOMES
AND FAM
ILY AND PARENT
ING
; YOU MUST
NE
IGHBORHOODS
; YOU MUST BE CONCERNED
ALTERNAT
IVES OF
THE YOUNG
BE CONCERNED W
ITH
~
HOUS
ING AND
THE NONSCHOOL OPPORTUN
IT
IES AND
L
IVES FOR WHOM
YOU
HAVE
A STEWARDSH
IP
RESPONS
IB
IL
ITY
.
WH I
LE YOUR CENTRAL ATTENTION WI LL BE UPON THE I
NSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURES
AND SYSTEMS WE CALL SCHOOLS
, AS PROFESSIONALS DESERV
ING OF THE T
ITLE
EDUCATOR
, YOUR PURV
IEW MU ST BE BROADER AND DEEPER AND GREATER
,
�15
PO
INT #
2
:
BOLDNESS IN ADDRESS
ING THE ANT
IQUATED CONCEPT OF THE "SCHOOL
YEAR
.
"
IN AMER
ICAN PUBL
IC EDUCAT
ION WE
HAVE
INST
ITUT
IONAL
IZED
, ALMOST AD
NAUSEUM
, AN AGRAR
IAN MODEL ESTABL
ISHED MORE THAN TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO
.
A
s A FARM K
ID
, I KNOW WHY SCHOOL STARTS AFTER LABOR DAY -AFTER THE
POTATOES ARE DUG AND THE CORN IS P
ICKED -AND ENDS AT MEMOR
IAL DAY IN
THE SPR
ING -IN T
IME TO PLANT THE POTATOES AND CORN AGA
IN
.
IT IS AN
ANNUAL SCHEDULE DES
IGNED FOR AN AGRAR
IAN SOC
IETY
, WHEN MOST YOUNGSTERS
L
IVED ON FARMS AND WERE AN ESSENT
IAL CONTR
IBUTOR TO THE FARM FAM
ILY LABOR
FORCE
. TO CONT
INUE THAT PATTERN TODAY ISABSURD
!
AS ONLY ONE EV
IDENCE
OF ITS ID
IOCY
, THERE ISCLEAR EV
IDENCE THAT ITTAKES SEPTEMBER
, OCTOBER
,
AND MOST OF NOVEMBER TO GET THE F
IFTH GRADE BACK TO THEIRSKI
LLS IN
READ
ING AND WR
IT
ING AND AR
ITHMET
IC THAT THEY HAD ACH
IEVED WHEN THEY LEFT
THE SCHOOL ROOM AT THE END OF MAY
.
WE KNOW THAT THE THREE
-MONTH BREAK IS
S
IMPLY TOO LONG FOR KNOWLEDGE AND SK
ILLRETENT
ION
. YET
, WE
~
�16
TO FURTHER EMPHASIZE THE PATTERN OF THE SCHOOL YEAR AND THE INTERACTION
OF SCHOOL WITH LIFE, WE SHOULD REMIND OURSELVES THAT AS A SOCIETY WE HAVE
PROLONGED ADOLESCENCE THROUGH THE TEENAGE YEARS INTO THE MID-TWENTIES FOR
MOST YOUNG PEOPLE.
WHEREAS IN EARLIER GENERATIONS, YOUNGSTERS BEGAN TO
ASSUME ADULT-LIKE ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES AT AN EARLY AGE, EVEN 10,
12, OR 14 YEARS OLD, NOW IT VERY OFTEN IS POSTCOLLEGE AGE BEFORE THE
INDIVIDUAL
ASSUMES
RESPONSIBILITY
FOR
SELF
AND
THEN
UNDERTAKES
A
CONTRIBUTING, INDEPENDENT LIFE-STYLE RATHER THAN CONTINUING AN EXISTENCE
OF DEPENDENCE.
THROUGH LEGAL RESTRICTIONS AND TECHNOLOGY CHANGE, WE DENY
MOST YOUNGSTERS THE SATISFACTION OF A DECENT JOB BEFORE OR AFTER SCHOOL
OR ON WEEKENDS OR DURING VACATION PERIODS.
WE INSIST ON TURNING ALL OF
THE TEENAGERS I N THE COUNTRY OUT ON THE STREETS I N THE HOT MONTHS OF
SUMMER WI TH FEW AL TERNAT IVES FOR CONSTRUCTIVE ENGAGEMENT AND WONDER WHY
THEY BECOME TROUBLESOME.
AS EDUCATORS WE SHOULD DO FAR BE TTER II'J RELATING THE ACTIVITI ES AND
RESPONSIBILITIE S OF SCHOOL TO THE REST OF THE STUDENT S' DAY AND WEE K AND
�17
YEAR.
Fa
OBVIOUSLY THE PATTERN SHOULD BE QUITE DIFFERENT F.
THAN FOR MIDDLE SCHOOL OR HIGH SCHOOL.
M ELEMENTARY
AND THERE MUST BE OPPORTUNITIES
FOR THE YOUNG TO BE CONSTRUCTIVE CONTRIBUTORS TO SELF, FAMILY, COMMUNITY,
""
SOCIETY, BOTH FOR PAY AND AS VOLUNTEERS, AS WELL AS TO BE THE RECIPIENTS
OR BENEFICIARIES.
WE HAVE SEEMED INCLINED, IN CURRICULA DESIGN, TO PUSH
CERTAIN TASKS OR SKILLS TO EARLIER AND EARLIER AGES,
CHILDHOOD STRESS,
CONTRIBUTING TO
WHILE AT THE SAME TIME SYSTEMATICALLY DELAYING THE
PROCESS OF MATURATION.
AND WHAT ABOUT THE NUMBER OF DAYS WE · HAVE MANDATED IN THE SCHOOL YEAR?
IN MOST STATES THIS SEEMS TO BE 180 DAYS.
ABOUT
THE
180
DAY
CONTRACT,
WE
AT
IF THERE IS SOMETHING BIBLICAL
LEAST
COULD
SCHEDULE
THE
DAYS
DIFFERENTLY TO AVOID THE NEGATIVE OF LONG BREAKS WHICH ERODE KNOWLEDGE
RETENTION AND CONTRIBUTE TO INACTIVITY.
DIFFERENT
COMMITMENT
CHARACTERISTICS,
TO
EDUCATION
CONTRASTING
SHARPLY
BASED
WITH
AND WHY NOT CONSIDER A QUITE
UPON
THE
SCHOOL YEAR WAS DEFINED TO SERVE FARM LABOR NEEDS.
CONTEMPORARY
AGRARIAN
ERA
SOCIETAL
WHEN
THE
�18
TH
IS IS A SUB
JECT WH
ICH
YEARS
.
HAS BEEN ENERGET
ICALLY DEBATED THROUGH THE
IF
IND ITENCOURAG
ING NOW THAT THERE IS ANAT
IONAL ORGAN
IZAT
ION
OF SCHOOLS DED
ICATED TO A YEAR ROUND SCHEDULE
, ON CREAT
IVE AND VARY
ING
PATTERNS
.
~
~
I EMPHAS
IZE TH
IS NOT
ION WOULD HAVE
ION; S
IMPLY BECAUSE ITS IMPLEMENTAT
DRAMAT
IC IMPACT ON THE WHOLE CONCEPT OF SCHOOL IN THE L
IFE OF THE
IND
IV
IDUAL STUDENT
, THE FAM
ILY
, THE COMMUN
ITY
, AND THE SYSTEM
.
PROV
IDES EXC
IT
ING ALTERNAT
IVES
FOR
INTERACT
ION BETWEEN
IT
EDUCAT
IONAL
ACT
IV
IT
IES OF THE SCHOOL AND L
IFE AS ·
-I·T IS L
IVED BY IND
IV
IDUAL STUDENTS
OF ALL AGES
I
NTERACT
ION BETWEEN SCHOOL AND WORK
; INTERACTION BETWEEN
SCHOOL AND VOLUNTEER
ISM
;
INTERACT
ION BETWEEN THE CLASSROOM AND THE
RECREATION GROUND
, THE STREETS
, PARKS
, MUSEUMS , CULTURAL PROGRAMS
, AND
OTHER NONSCHOOL INFLUENCES ON DEVELOPMENT
.
My CONCERN ISNOT S
IMPLY ONE
OF BETTER USE OF THE MASS
IVE INVESTMENT WE HAVE IN BR
ICKS AND MORTAR AND
EQU
IPMENT
, BUT THE INFUS
ION OF EDUCAT
ION IN A QU
ITE D
IFFERENT WAY INTHE
L
IVES OF STUDENTS AND THE SO
C
IE
TYOF WH
ICH THEY ARE A PART
.
�19
BOLDNESS
POINT #3:
IN
TAKING
THE
LEAD
IN DRAMATICALLY
ALTERING THE
CONCEPT OF "THE SCHOOL DAY."
AS A FARM KID, I ALSO KNOW WHY THE SCHOOL DAY STARTED AT 9:00 O'CLOCK AND
ENDED AT FOUR.
THIS PERMITTED ME TO GET UP IN THE MORNING AND DO MY
CHORES, CHANGE TO MY CLEAN OVERALLS FOR SCHOOL, AND THEN IN THE AFTERNOON
REVERSE THE PROCESS.
AGAIN,
A SCHOOL DAY APPROPRIATE TO THE AGRARIAN
SOCIETY WHICH CREATED IT.
TODAY,
THROUGH
ADMINISTRATIVE
ELABORATE
ATTENTION
CONTRACTUAL
TO
DETAIL,
WE
NEGOTIATIONS
HAVE
AND
ALTERED
ASSIDUOUS
THAT
PATTERN
DRAMATICALLY -- STARTING CLASSES AT 8:25 AND COMPLETING THE DAY AT 2:50
OR WHATEVER THE SCHEDULE IS IN YOUR CONTRACT AND DISTRICT.
BUT WHAT
OF LIFE IN THE SOCIETY THAT SUSTAINS THE SCHOOL AND WHICH THE SCHOOL IS
SUPPORTED TO SERVE?
INDIVIDUAL
STUDENT
I
AND
WOULD ARGUE THAT
THE
IN SERVING THE NE EDS OF THE
CONTEMPORAR Y FAMILY
AND
COMMUNIT Y,
EVER Y
SCHOOL BUILDING SHOULD BE OPEN FROM AT LEAST 6:00 O'CLOCK IN THE MORNING
�2
0
UNT
IL
10
:00 O
'CLOCK AT N
IGHT
.
OF COURSE
I AM NOT TH
INK
ING OF CLASSES
SCHEDULED THROUGHOUT THAT T
IME FRAME
, ALTHOUGH PART
ICULARLY AT THE H
IGH
SCHOOL LEVEL THERE COULD BE FAR MORE FLEX
IB
IL
ITY THAN IS
TODAY
.
BUT I AM
PROPOS
ING THAT SOC
IETY THROUGH
A ~A
ITS SCHOOLS SHOULD
PROV
IDE A SAFE HAVEN AND A CONSTRUCT
IVE ENV
IRONMENT FOR YOUNGSTERS OF
WORK
ING PARENTS
.
A S
INGLE WORK
ING PARENT WOULD BE ABLE TO DEL
IVER A SON
OR DAUGHTER TO SCHOOL AT AN EARLY HOUR ON THE WAY TO WORK
,
ASSURED THAT
THE CH
ILD HAD A SAFE HAVEN
, PERHAPS FOR BREAKFAST
, PERHAPS FOR HOMEWORK
OR COMPUTER ACT
IV
IT
IES OR L
IBRARY STUDY OR PHYS
ICAL ACT
IV
IT
IES IN THE
GYMNASIUM -A WARM
,
SCHOOL
THE
SECURE
, CARING,
. NURTURING ENV
IRONMENT
.
LATCHKEY K
ID
PROBLEM
WOULD
AGA
IN
AND AFTER
BE AVO
IDED BY HAV
ING
IV
IT
IES AND OPPORTUN
IT
IES AVA
ILABLE IN THE SCHOOL AS A
ALTERNAT
IVE ACT
COMMUNITY HAVEN
. VOLUNTEERS AND PARAPROFESSIONALS COULD PROV
IDE MUCH OF
THE
EDUCAT
IONAL
NECESSARY
.
AND
SUPERV
ISED
ACT
IV
ITY
OR
THE
S
IMPLE
MON
ITOR
ING
THE SCHOOL
, INSTEADOF BE
ING AN UNACCESS
IBLE ENCLAVE ISOLATED
FROM THE FULL SCOPE -OF L
IFE
'S NEEDS
, WOULD BECOME A CENTRAL CATALYT
IC
ELEMENT
IN
NE
IGHBORHOOD
L
IFE
.
SOME
COMMUN
IT
IES
W
ITH
�21
THE I R SCHOOLS DO TH IS DRAMAT I CALLY WE LL;
MOST DO NOT.
THE CHALLENGE TO
YOU AS EDUCATIONAL STATESMEN CONCERNED WITH THE WHOLISTIC DEVELOPMENT OF
EACH
INDIVIDUAL
CATALYTIC
IN
ROLE
YOUR
IN
EDUCATIONAL PROCESS.
STEWARDSHIP
ADDRESSING
IS
THE
TO
AGAIN
PLAY A LEADERSHIP AND
NONCLASSROOM
DIMENSIONS
OF
THE
WHILE SCHOOLS CAN NOT AND SHOULD NOT BE RESPONSIBLE
FOR ALL OF THESE ACTIVITIES AND INFLUENCES,
TO DENY THEIR
IMPORTANCE AND
TO IGNORE THEM THROUGH INATTENTION IS TO BE DERELICT IN YOUR PROFESSIONAL
OBLIGATION AS EDUCATOR.
POINT #4:
BOLDNESS
IN
REALIGNING
· ,pATTERNS
OF
RESPONSIBILITY
AND
AUTHORITY IN THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM.
IN
THE
EVOLUTION OF OUR
SOPH 1ST ICATED,
COMPLEX,
FORMAL K-12 SYSTEM, WE
AND
FRAGMENTED
ELEMENTS HAVE BEEN MANDATED AND
FEDERAL
EVERY
AND
STATE
PROFESS I ON,
LEVELS.
THERE
HAVE DEVELOPED A HIGHLY
PATTERN
AND
PROCESS.
I MPOSED ON THE LOCAL SCHOOL,
WITH
THE
SPEC I AL I ZAT I ON
I SAD I SC ONT I NU ITY
OF
THE
MANY
OFTEN FROM
CHARACTERISTI C
EDUCAT1ONAL
OF
PROCESS
�22
FROM PRESCHOOL TO ELEMENTARY THROUGH H
IGH SCHOOL
. THE EXPER
IENCE FOR THE
IND
IV
IDUAL STUDENT
, EVEN DUR
ING THE CLASSROOM DAY MAY BE TOO OFTEN
INTERRUPTED
, ARB
ITRARY
, UNRELATED
.
IN THE TYP
ICAL SCHOOL SYSTEM
, THE
PROFESS
IONAL ROLE
, RESPONS
IB
IL
ITY
, AND ACCOUNTAB
IL
ITY OF THE IND
IV
IDUAL
TEACHER HAS BEEN SER
IOUSLY ERODED
.
WH
ILE THE PATTERN CAN AND SHOULD BE
DRAMAT
ICALLY D
IFFERENT IN THE ELEMENTARY
, M
IDDLE SCHOOL
, AND H
IGH SCHOOL
YEARS
, WE
HAVE TENDED TO HOMOGEN
IZE RATHER THAN D
IFFERENT
IATE
, TO
CATEGOR
IZE RATHER THAN TO IND
IV
IDUAL
IZE
.
IFTHE TEACH
ING PROFESS
ION
, AT WHATEV6R LEVEL
, IN OUR PUBL
IC SCHOOLS IS
TO BE RESTORED TO A POS
IT
ION OF PREST
IGE AND PERSONAL GRAT
IF
ICAT
ION
, THE
AL
ROLE OF THE TEACHER IN THE PROCESS MUST BE
THE CARNEG
IE FOUNDAT
ION R
COUNTRY
.
~ IN A RECENT STUDY
,
Y INTERV
IEWED 22
,000 TEACHERS ACROSS THE
/
/
THEY FOUND THAT ONE
-THI
RD OF THOSE TEACHERS SA
ID THEY HAD NO
I
INPUT INTO SHAP
ING THE CURR
ICULUM
, MORE
A ~A
I
L
THEY FOUND THAT
TWO-THI
RDS OF THOSE 22
,000 TEACHER
S SA
ID THEY WERE N
OT A
SKED TO HELP
/
,
SHAPE SCHOOL POL
ICY AI\ID THEY HAD L
ITTLE INFLUENCE ON THE PLACEMENT OF
�23
STUDENTS W
ITH SPEC
IAL NEEDS
.
THESE ARE ONLY FRAGMENTED B
ITS OF EV
IDENCE
REGARD
ING THE ALMOST SUFFOCAT
ING IMPACT OF BUREAUCRAT
IC PROCEDURES AND
PRACT
ICES ON THE EDUCAT
IONAL ENTERPR
ISE
. TH
IS MUST BE ADDRESSED BY THOSE
OF YOU WHO ARE IN THE POS
IT
ION TO DO SO
.
THE
TRULY
CONTR
IBUT
ION
.
PROFESS
IONAL
TEACHER
HAS
A REMARKABLE
TH
INK BACK TO YOUR OWN SCHOOL DAYS
.
CAPAC
ITY
AND
UNLESS YOU WERE IN A
SMALL SCHOOL SYSTEM WHEN THE SUPER
INTENDENT ALSO TAUGHT SC
IENCE AND
COACHED FOOTBALL AND TRACK
, OR UNLESS YOUR DAD WAS THE SUPERINTENDENT
,
YOU PROBABLY CAN
'T RECALL H
IS NAME
.
BUJ I A ~ U CAN NAME ONE OR TWO
,
OR IFYOU WERE R
ICHLY BLESSED
, F
IVE OR S
IX TEACHERS WHO REALLY INFLUENCED
YOUR L
IFE
.
EV
IDENCE ISPERSUAS
IVELY CLEAR THAT DRAMAT
IC CHANGES ARE JUST
IF
IED
. SOME
D
ISTR
ICTS -SOME OF YOU -ARE PROV
ID
ING DRAMAT
IC EXAMPLES OF NEW
PATTERNS
, IN WH
ICH THE SANCT
ITY OF THE CLASSROOM AND THE SCH
OO
LBU
ILD
ING
ARE REESTABL
ISHED AND THE PROFESS
IONAL ROLE OF THE TEACHER ISELEVATED
.
�24
MOST RESEARCH SUGGESTS THAT THE INTELLECTUAL OR THE ACADEMIC LEARNING
ENVIRONMENT OF THE SCHOOL BUILDING IS A CONSEQUENCE OF THE ROLE AND
INFLUENCE OF THE BUILDING'S PRINCIPAL.
IF TAKEN SERIOUSLY,
THIS HAS
IMMEDIATE SIGNIFICANCE IN THE PRESERVICE AND INSERVICE TRAINING OF SCHOOL
PRINCIPALS, THEIR SCOPE OF AUTHORITY, THEIR DEGREES OF FREEDOM.
SUGGEST
THAT
EFFECTIVE,
THE
TYPICAL
SHOULD
HAVE
SCHOOL
FAR
MORE
PRINCIPAL,
IF
AUTHORITY
IN
WELL
I WOULD
QUALIFIED
MOBILIZING
AND
HIS/HER
PROFESSIONAL TEAM AND AUXILIARY PERSONNEL TO DO THE BEST POSSIBLE JOB FOR
THE
YOUNGSTERS,
OPERATE.
THE
FAMILIES,
AND
THE
NEIGHBORHOODS
IN
WHICH
THEY
WITH GIVEN RESOURCES, THE PROFESSIONAL CADRE OF AN INDIVIDUAL
ELEMENTARY, MIDDLE SCHOOL, OR HIGH SCHOOL UNIT SHOULD HAVE SIGNIFICANT
FREEDOM TO WORK TOGETHER TO AUGMENT THEIR RESOURCES WITH VOLUNTEERS AND
CONTRIBUTED SERVICES AND TALENT, TO SHAPE THE PATTERN OF THE EDUCATIONAL
EXPERIENCE FOR THE YOUNGSTERS FOR WHOM THEY ARE RESPONSIBLE AND FOR WHOSE
PERFORMANCE THEY SHOULD BE HELD ACCOUNTABLE.
�25
IN A RECENT SYNDICATED COLUMN, JAMES KILPATRICK REFERENCED A REPORT FROM
THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTION.
THIS REPORT FOCUSED ON IDENTIFYING WHAT WORKS
AND WHAT FAILS IN PUBLIC EDUCATION BY CONCENTRATING ON SUCH ISSUES AS
PEOPLE
EXPENDITURE,
TEACHER
SALARIES,
REQUIREMENTS, AND HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENTS.
CLASS
SIZE,
GRADUATION
NO SIGNIFICANT CORRELATION WAS
FOUND BETWEEN THESE ISSUES AND ACADEMIC SUCCESS.
INSTEAD, THE INTANGIBLE
QUALITY OF AUTONOMY WAS DETERMINED TO BE OF VITAL IMPORTANCE.
THE REPORT
SAID, "THE SUCCESSFUL SCHOOLS HAD A SENSE OF ACADEM IC VISION.
KNEW
WHERE
THEY
WANTED
TO
TAKE
THEIR
STUDENTS.
STRONG
TEACHERS
PRINCIPALS,
ORIENTED TOWARD EDUCATION RATHER THAN ADMINISTRATION, PROVIDED VIGOROUS
LEADERSHIP."
YOUR CHALLENGE IN EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP IS TO DESIGN AND IMPLEMENT A
PATTERN WHICH ENABLES YOUR PROFESSIONALS TO PERFORM.
POINT #5:
BOLDNESS IN GIVING EMPHASI S TO EDUCATION IN TH E ELEMENTARY
GRADES.
�2
6
AS A LOCAL SCHOOL BOARD MEMBER
, I USED TO BE PERPLEXED INTHE BUDGETING
PROCESS
.
IN FRUSTRATION
, I WOULD ASK THE ADMIN
ISTRATORS
, "WHY HAVE YOU
EDUCATORS SET UP A SYSTEM THAT FORCES US AS BOARD MEMBERS TO MAKE THE
WRONG DEC
IS
IONS?
THE
ELEMENTARY
WHEN RESOURCES ARE L
IM
ITED
, WE ALWAYS TAKE AWAY FROM
GRADES
INCREASE CLASS
S
IZE
,
EL
IM
INATE
SPEC
IAL
ACT
IV
IT
IES IN READ
ING
, MUS
IC
, THE ARTS
, REMED
IAL RESOURCES -SO THAT WE
CAN KEEP OUR H
IGH SCHOOL ACCRED
ITED SO THAT OUR GRADUATES CAN GO TO
ACCRED
ITED
RESEARCH
COLLEGES
AND
UN
IVERS
IT
IES
.
YET
,
I READ EMPHAS
IZES THE IMPORTANCE OF
SHAP
ING AND BU
ILD
ING THE FUTURE
.
~
ALL
OF
THE
BEHAV
IORAL
THE ELEMENTARY YEARS IN
EDUCATORS REALLY BEL
IEVED THE
IR
RESEARCH
, THEY WOULD ACCRED
IT THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS -AND LET THE REST
OF THE SYSTEM BU
ILD FROM A SOL
ID BEG
INN
ING
.
"
WH
ILE EVERY YEAR IS IMPORTANT
, THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL YEARS SEEM TO BE
PART
ICULARLY
CRUC
IAL IN
DEVELOP
ING
ING
.
ATT
ITUDES AND PATTERNS OF LEARN
THE
IR SCHOO
L
ING EXPER
IENCE?
SELF
IMAGE
,
PEER
RELAT
IONSH
IPS
,
TH
INK OF YOUR OWN YOUr
\
lGSTERS A
f
\
lD
IF ONE OF THEM HAD A M
ISERABLE EXPER
IE
r
\
lCE
�27
WITH A POOR TEACHER IN THE SECOND OR THIRD GRADE, THE CONSEQUENCES ARE
ENDURING.
IT IS VERY DIFFICULT TO OVERCOME THE BAD RESULTS OF EARLY
SCHOOLING.
IN
LATER
YEARS,
HIGH
SCHOOL
FOR
EXAMPLE,
WITH
GREATER
MATURITY AND SEVERAL TEACHERS EACH DAY, A STUDENT CAN COPE WITH A POOR
TEACHER.
ONE
BUT IN AN EARLY GRADE, DURING THE FORMATIVE STUDENT YEARS, WITH
TEACHER
MONOPOLIZING
EACH
DAY
AND
SETTING
THE
TOTAL
PATTERN OF
LEARN I NG EXPECTAT IONS, PATTERNS AND FEEL I NGS OF FAI LURE OR SUCCESS, THE
IMPACT -- POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE -- IS PERMANENT.
IN MOST SCHOOL SYSTEMS,
WITH EMPHASIS ON SPECIALIZATION AND CREDENTIALS, ELEMENTARY TEACHERS TEND
TO BE UNDERPAID, UNDERAPPRECIATED, AND · UNDER-RECOGNIZED AS PROFESSIONALS.
IN BATTLE CREEK WE HAVE ESTABLISHED AN ANNUAL EXCELLENCE IN EDUCATION DAY
TO GIVE PUBLIC RECOGNITION TO ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT.
AS A PART OF THIS
SPECIAL CELEBRATION, THE TOP FIVE PERCENT OF THE SEVEN LOCAL HIGH SCHOOL
GRADUATING CLASSES ARE
INVITED TO A BANQUET,
WITH THEIR PARENTS.
IN
ADDITION, EACH HONOREE IS ASKED TO INVITE AS A GUEST THE TEA CHER THAT
MADE THE GREATEST DIFFERENCE.
I FIND IT SIGNIFICANT THAT EACH YEAR ABOUT
�28
ONE
-TH
IRD OF
THESE SOON
-TO
-GRADUATE SEN
IORS INV
ITE AS
THE
IR MOST
IMPORTANT EDUCATOR
, A TEACHER FROM THE
IR ELEMENTARY YEARS
.
TH
IS PO
INT #5 COULD HAVE BEEN SUBSUMED IN PO
INT #
4
. I CHOSE TO SEPARATE
ITFOR EMPHASIS
. UNLESS WE BEGINTO DO BETTER INOUR PRESCHOOL AND
ELEMENTARY PROGRAMS
, WE CANNOT HOPE TO DO BETTER IN THE UPPER GRADES
.
IV
SO THERE THEY ARE -F
IVE PO
INTS
. IAM
~
TO GO ON W
ITH F
IVE OR TEN
MORE
, BUT M
ISS CONRAD WOULD REM
IND ME THAT I HAVE ALREADY SATURATED MY
AUD
IENCE
.
IT WOULD
, OF COURSE
, BE S
IMPL
IST
IC AND NA
IVE TO TH
INK THAT
S
IMPLY ADDRESS
ING THESE F
IVE NOT
IONS WOULD CONST
ITUTE A PANACEA FOR WHAT
TROUBLES PUBL
IC PRECOLLEG
IATE EDUCAT
ION IN OUR COUNTRY
.
AS EXAMPLES AND FOR TWO REASONS
.
IC
ITE THEM ONLY
�2
9
F
IRST
, I URGE YOU
, AS PROFESS
IONAL EDUCATORS
, TO RETH
INK YOUR ROLE
.
ARE
YOU EDUCATORS -OR ARE YOU OPERATORS OF SYSTEMS? ISYOUR PREOCCUPAT
ION
W
ITH THE COMPREHENS
IVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE YOUNG L
IVES W
ITH WH
ICH YOU ARE
ENTRUSTED AND W
ITH THE COMPREHENS
IVE DEVOT
ION TO HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
, OR
ARE YOU ENCHANTED W
ITH
REF
INEMENTS AND VAR
IAT
IONS OF A SYSTEM YOU
INHER
ITED
?
SECOND
, ARE
YOU
W
ILL
ING
TO PROV
IDE LEADERSH
IP IN RETH
INK
ING THE
EDUCAT
IONAL EXPER
IENCES OF OUR YOUNG
, FROM PREB
IRTH OR INFANCY THROUGH
ADOLESCENCE?
SOC
IETY HAS CHANGED DRAMAT
ICALLY IN EVERYTH
ING FROM FAM
ILY
STRUCTURE TO TECHNOLOGY
, AND THE SYSTEM WE
OBSOLETE
.
~
THERE IS 0
U A
~
PRESERVE IS ESSENT
IALLY
THAT COLLEGES OF EDUCAT
ION W
ILL
PROV
IDE LEADERSH
IP IN ADDRESS
ING TH
IS V
ITAL SOC
IETAL ISSUE
. WE THEREFORE
MUST TURN ELSEWHERE FOR V
IS
ION AND LEADERSH
IP
.
THUS
, I URGE YOU AS
PRACT
IT
IONERS IN OUR COMMUN
IT
IES WHERE L
IFE IS L
IVED TO STEP FORWARD IN
RESPONS
IBLY AND PRAGMAT
ICALLY REVOLUT
ION
IZ
ING THAT WH
ICH IS INTO THAT
-
WH
ICH SHOULD BE
.
IN EDUCAT
ION
, AS IN MOST AREAS OF HUMAN CONCERN
, WE
�30
KNOW BETTER
KNOWN,
THAN WE DO!
IMPLEMENT
DRAMATICALLY,
AND
I
NEW
THEN
URGE YOU TO TAKE
PATTERNS
AND
PERMEATE
THE
THE BEST OF THAT WH I CH
PROCESSES
EDUCATIONAL
EXPERIMENTALLY
FABRIC
IN
THE
IS
AND
CLOSING
DECADE OF THIS CENTURY.
MRS.
FRANCES
AMER I CA,
HESSELBE IN,
RECENTLY
THE
ADDRESSED
PRES I DENT
A GROUP
AND
OF
CEO OF THE GIRL SCOUTS OF
NONPROF I T
LEADERS
IN
MI CH IGAN.
MRS. HESSELBEIN ASKED US TO REEXAMINE OUR MISSION -- OUR REASON FOR BEING
IN
BUSINESS.
"WHAT
IS
FUNDERS?"
IN
THE
SHE
OUR
ADVISED
BUSINESS?"
THIS
BUSINESS
SAME
OF
US
TO
"WHO
ASK
ARE
OUR
EXERCISE WOULD
EDUCATION,
DO
DEMANDS OF YOUR CUSTOMERS TODAY?
OURSELVES,
THREE
CUSTOMERS?"
BE BENEFICIAL
YOU
REALLY FEEL
MAIN
AND
QUESTIONS:
"WHO
ARE
FOR
EDUCATION
YOU
ARE
OUR
TODAY.
MEETING THE
HAVE EDUCATORS TRULY MADE AN EFFORT TO
MEET THE UNIQUE CHALLENGES OF TODAY'S YOUNG PEOPLE, OR ARE THEY MANAGING
THE SAME, ESSENTIALLY UNCHANGED,
SYSTEM THAT WAS DEVELOPED YEARS AGO BY
HORACE MANN AND OTHERS OF YOUR PREDECES SOR S?
�31
MRS
. HESSELBE
IN ALSO TOLD US
, "WE MUST WORK ON SLUFF
ING OFF YESTERDAY
'S
ACCOMPL
ISHMENTS FOR TOMORROW
'S CHALLENGES
.
"
TH
IS STATEMENT BECOMES
PART
ICULARLY INTR
IGU
ING AS WE D
ISCUSS THE CR
IT
ICAL PO
INTS OF EDUCAT
ION
'S
H
ISTORY
.
W
ITHOUT QUEST
ION
, TQDAY ISTHE CR
IT
ICAL PO
INT IN THE H
ISTORY OF
EDUCAT
ION
.
UNLESS WE SLUFF OFF YESTERDAY
'S ACCOMPL
ISHMENTS AND ACCEPT
TOMORROW
'S CHALLENGES
, OUR ENT
IRE COUNTRY W
ILL FALTER
.
SHORT
-TERM ANSWERS
.
THERE ARE NO
ANY IDEA PUT INTO PLACE TODAY CANNOT FULLY BE
MEASURED UNT
IL A FULL GENERAT
ION PASSES THROUGH THE SYSTEM
.
I CHALLENGE
YOU
, AS EDUCAT
ION
'S LEADERS TODAY
, TO SO ACT THAT
, 5
0 YEARS FROM NOW
,
AFTER TWO OR THREE MORE GENERAT
IONS HAVE GONE THROUGH OUR EDUCAT
ION
-
SYSTEM
, ASTUTE OBSERVERS THEN W
ILL NOTE THAT YOU WERE THE CADRE THAT
INFLUENCED THE EVOLUT
ION OF
U A
~
A A
ALL
RESPOND
ING TO THE
CHALLENGES OF YOUR ERA
.
MAY YOU AS EDUCAT
IONAL LEADERS RESPOND
, AS D
ID HORACE MANN , W
ITH THE
BOLDNESS THAT OUR T
IME DEMANDS
. I W
ISH Y
OU GODSPEED
.
RGM
/
JKF
0154w
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
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application/pdf
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
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JCPA-01
Coverage
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1938-2012
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Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
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JCPA-01_1990-02-24_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Boldness for Our Time
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given February 24, 1990 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Horace Mann League luncheon.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Language
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eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
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1990-02-24
Format
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application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/35e7b81b0f9fb08ea424935999dff175.pdf
4bcc14619bd894dbce7b893948416923
PDF Text
Text
Arts and Schools in Michigan Program
Press Conference
February 24, 1983
Remarks by:
Dr. Russell G. Mawby
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Battle Creek, Michigan
I am delighted to be here this morning and want to thank
+-~ V(~
Dr.
Cummings~for
~
iS Aa~v ~y
agr e Qi ng to hos i \this press conference.
This
appropriate site to announce a major arts'program,
considering the
~1f~
InstituteSo ~~~s'
stature as a center
of artistic excellence, and art education for young people.
The W. K. Kellogg Foundation, in its own right, has a 53-year
history of support for educ ation of young people.
Our founder,
breakfast cereal pioneer W. K. Kellogg, dedicated his personal
fortune to the foundation which bears his name.
he comment ed:
"Education offers the g r ea t e s t opportunity for
really i mp r ov i n g one generation over a n o t h e r . "
~.-re..~~~
-be~
th at ti' e
In doing so,
an~
her e today.
It is
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1983-02-24_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech at the Arts and Schools in Michigan Program
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given February 24, 1983 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the press conference for the arts and schools in Michigan program.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Education
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1983-02-24
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/1d1f4bd8d343832db7cccb58fc20fdd5.pdf
4ee63604d01b5325fa775407cce4aea9
PDF Text
Text
COUllcil of VMicltigGII WOUlldGtio'lS
18 NORTH F IFTH <;TRFET
GRAND HAVf:N, MICH IGAN 40417
PHONE 6 16/8427080
Se ss i on:
Br i dgi n g t h e Ga p Betwe e n P r i v a te and Pub l i c
8 :0 0 - 9: 4 5 P . M.
Lo v ett Hall
Henry Ford Mu s e um
DINNER
Presiding: William S . Whi te*
Inv o c a t i o n :
Evely n Ma c h t e l *
We l c ome : F r a nk Cad dy *
In troduc t i on:
Rus s ell G. Ma wb y*
Spe aker: N O~ill&~ C0~si ns *
j
8 :00 - Wi l l i am S . Whi t e e xten d brief gre e t i n g s and req uest
guests t o r e mai n seat ed d u ri ng inv o c a t i o n t o be g iven
b y Evelyn Ma c h t e l .
Pleas e n ote J i m Kettler had t o c a ncel be cause o f illness .
8 : 0 3 - In v o cation - Ev e l y n Ma c h t e l , Vice President ,
J ack Wo l fram Founda tio n , Lan s ing
8 :06 -
DI~~ER
SERVED
9:00 - Will i am S . Whi te e xpre ss ap p r e c i a t i o n t o Edis on In s t i t ute
(He nry Ford Mu se um and Gr e e n f i e l d Vi l l a g e) f or h o s p i tal i t y
tour jand r ec e ption .
9 :01 - Welc ome - Frank Ca d y, Pre s ident , Henry Fo rd Muse um
9:04 - Wi l l iam S . \~ it e i n troduc e Rus sell G. Mawby , P r e s i den t,
W.K . Ke llo g g Fo un da tion
9 :05 - I ntroduction o f Speak er - Russell G. Mawby
9 : 10 - BRIDGIN G THE GAP BETWEEN PR IVATE AND PUBLIC - Norman Co us i n s
9: 40 - Will iam S . Whi te exp ress appreciation t o Mr. Cous i n s
Announce - - Bu s e s wi l l depart f rom the entr a nce o f Lovett Ha l l
the return trip to De a rbo rn Inn .
Mo rn i n g Session - Br e akfa s t 8 :00 A . M.
Progr am Be g i ns - 8:30 A . M.
*P l e a s e s i t at rese rved t ables b y place card
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1980-02-21_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Bridging the Gap Between Private and Public
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given February 21, 1980 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation to introduce Norman Cousins to the Council of Michigan Foundations.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Language
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eng
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
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1980-02-21
Format
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application/pdf
Type
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Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/ebf532614fb261f0cef92d8741d05d6f.pdf
a8208152784a693c9cb5c989d241b438
PDF Text
Text
Remarks by
Russell G. MaMby
President, W. K. Kellogg Founda t i on
at
Presentation Banquet
23rd Natio nal Institute of the
Council for the Advancement of Small Colleges
Bradley University
Peori a, Illinois
June 14, 1978
I
On b ehalf of the Kello gg Foundation--our Board of Trustees, officer.:;,
and staf f - - I run deli ght ed t o r eceive t his Avar-d f or Out s t.anding Serv5.c e t o
Small Indep endent Colleges.
Its si gnific anc e to us i s enhanced by t he f ac t
that, a s a r ecipi ent of this hi gh honor, we join others for whom we have
gr e a t r es pect---Dr. Ear l Mc Gr at h and Congr'e s swomen Edith Gre en.
Hos t Lmpor t a n t ,
it me an s much to us bec aus e we 'ha ve such admiration for the Council f or the
Advan cement of Srrcall Colle ge s a nd for your memb er institutions.
As a grant --
making found ation, vIe f eel privile ged to be a s co c i a't e d vii th--and bope f'u.Lt y
have b een helpful to--your purpo ses.
I am especially pleased that Dr. George Hanson o f our staff is here for
this pres entation.
George has been directly responsible for our worl: T,1i t h
CASC a nd with s mall independent colleges.
As most of you know, Dr. Hanson's
care er has b e en closely identifi ed with the small independent colle ge, particular.1y at Olivet College i n Hichi gan.
vIi th a pr ofe s s i ona l
vie are p erhaps the only f oun datio n
st aff membe r of thi s particular background a nd ori ent e.-
t i on a nd his persuasive and creative leadership has shaped our program support
on b ehalf of sl!lall indep ende nt institutions of hi gher education.
�2
Personally I welcome also this oppo r t un i t y of participating, though
briefly , in your Nati onal Institute .
I have heard much of the value of
these Institutes by the colle ge t e ams who participate e a ch y e ar a nd it
is a pleasure to sense the enthusiasTI and convi ction whi ch characterizes
your activiti es her e this we ek.
It' s a welcome opportunity a l s o to meet
old frien ds an d to make new a cqua i nt anc e s .
And s o I thank y ou for t h i s evening of fell owship, f or a stimulating
aft ernoon, and for thi s much a ppreciated award to the Kellogg Foundation.
II
When Gary Quehl wrote that the Kelloe;[?; Foundation had been s e l ,=c t e d
to recei ve t his Award f or Out s tan di ng Se r v i ce t o t he Smal l
Colleges and invit ed us to t h is baQqu et pr e sent a t ion , I
I n depen de ~ t
pr o ~ptly
Then Gary c a lled an d adv i s ed me that, f or the banquet this year
accept e d .
~he
progrm1
committe e ha d deci ded no t t o have a s peaker- - and the r e fo re wonde r e d if I
wou Ld say a few vords .
With a clear understanding of that level of
expectation, I a ijr eed t o s har-e a f ew noti on s about s mall independe nt
co lleges - -their rol e today a nd tomorrow.
As
b ac k ~roun d
you need to
as a
Y~oW
univ er ~ity
t o put t hese thou ght s into prop er prospectiv e f or you,
s omething mor e a bout me.
I masquerade through life first
pro fesso r a nd now a f oundation executive .
I n reality, I
am a SUbsis t ence f armer living on 40 acre s jus t south of Hi ckory Co rne r s ,
------
with an off-farm job to make ends meet; an ox driv er; a hor s e teamster ; a
-
:.
~a Il~~it:d ; a C~isti an ;
about many t h i ngs , but es peci ally about people .
I am
a _g Jy_ who cares-no ~
a gr a du a te of a
-e:.--
privat e libe r al a rts colle ge, though I wish I were and I have undert ak en
�3
s
p
e
c
i
f
i
cs
teps t
oove
r
c
om
eth ~t de
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
. Thu
s
,I m
ayb
eo
fa b
a
ckg
round
q
u
i
t
ed
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
tf
romyo
u
r
sb
u
t I amapp
rec
ia
tiveand s
u
p
p
o
r
t
i
v
eo
fy
o
u
r
i
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
on
s andt
h
e
i
rm
i
s
s
i
o
n
.
/
~
e
s
c
r
i
b
ey
o
u
ri
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
sa
s sm
a
l
l
,i
n
d
e
p
e
n
d
e
n
t
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i
b
e
r
a
la
r
t
s
You d
c
o
l
l
e
g
e
s
. I
nap
p
r
o
a
c
h
i
n
gm
y a
ssig
l
lm
e
n
tt
h
i
s ev
e
n
i
n
g
,I p
r
opos
et
olook
a
te
a
c
ho
ft
h
o
s
es
i
g
n
i
f
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c
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n
tc
h
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r
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c
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e
r
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s
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c
s"
h
i
c
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ncom
b
i
n
a
t
i
o
nm
ak
e
y
o
u
rc
o
l
l
eG
e
sd
is
t
i
n
c
t
i
v
e
.
P
o
i
n
t I- L
ibe
r
a
la
rt
s
: Th
e
r
e
'
sno n
e
ed f
o
rm
et
ode
f
i
n
eo
rj
u
st
i
f
y
t
oY01.I t
h
eimpo
r
t
an
c
e and appr-opr
-Lat
.e
nes
so
fl
i
b
e
r
a
la
r
t
s edu
ca
t
.i
o
nt
.od
av
and f
o
rt
h
ei
'u
t
u
re.
Y
ou mu
s
t be ou
t
s
p
o
k
e
nadvoca
t
es o
fli
b
e
r
a
leduc
a
ti
o
n
--
you
,y
o
u
r boa
r
do
ft
r
u
s
t
e
e
s
,y
o
u
rf
a
c
u
l
t
y
,s
taff, s
t
u
d
e
n
t
s
,p
a
r
e
n
t
s
, al u~n i
M
any o
fyo
u
r in
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
on
sh
av
ec
a
r
e
fu
ll
yi
n
c
o
r
p
o
ra
t
eda c
a
r
e
e
rem
:9nas
is,
an o
c
cupat
i
ona
lo
r
i
en
ta
t
i
on i
n
t
ot
h
el
i
b
e
l
'a
la
r
t
seduca
t
i
o
n
. T
h
i
ss
e
em
s
des
i
r
a
b
l
e
,b
u
t do no
t pe
rve
rt you
rm
iss
ion o
fl
i
b
e
r
a
t
i
n
gt
h
em
ind
s o
ft
h
e
s
t
u
d
e
n
t
sw
i
th whomyou ar
ep
r
i
v
i
l
eg
edt
od
ea
l
.
Th
ec
h
a
l
l
enge
so
ft
h
ef
u
t
u
r
ew
i
l
lc
e
r
t
a
i
n
l
yr
e
q
u
i
r
et
h
ef
i
n
e
s
ts
c
i
e
n
c
e
andtechn
o
l
oEY fo
rt
h
e
i
rres
o
l
u
t
i
on
; ev
enou
r G
2S
tr
a
ay be i
n
ad
equ
ate
o~
t
h
e
comp
lex i
s
s
ue
swh
i
ch co
n
f
r
on
tm
anki
n
d
. E
u
tt
h
ec
r
i
t
i
c
a
ld
e
c
i
s
ion
s wh
ichw
i
l
l
re
a
l
l
ysha
re o
u
rwo
r
-Ld a
tt
h
et
u
r
no
ft
h
i
sc
e
n
t
u
r
yw
i
l
ln
o
t be b
a
s
e
d es
s
e
n
t
i
a
l
l
y
upon sup
e
r
bs
c
i
e
n
tific and t
e
chnol
o
gi
c
a
ld
evelopm
en
ts; r
a
t
h
e
r
,t
I1
eyw
i
l
lb
e
v
a
l
u
e
l
a
d
e
n andv
a
l
u
e
b
a
s
e
d
. I
ti
sa t
r
a
gedy t
h
a
t som
any educ
a
t
o
r
s
,p
erhaps
e
s
p
e
c
i
a
l
l
yi
np
u
b
l
i
ci
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
s
,h
av
ea
b
d
i
c
a
t
e
dt
h
ere
s
no
n
s
i
b
i
l
i
t
i
e
so
f
-
im
p
a
r
t
i
n
g va
l
u
e
sa
sa p
a
r
to
ft
h
e
i
redu
ca
t
i
o
n
a
lm
is
s
i
o
n
.
.
Ou
r c
o
l
l
e
a
gu
e
,G
eo
rge H
a
n
s
o
n
, sa
y
st
h
i
sm
o
re e
l
o
q
u
e
n
t
l
yth
an c
an I
.
To quo
t
eh
i
m
, "I
fw
ea
r
et
oa
t
t
a
i
na gr
e
a
t
e
rp
u
b
l
i
c unde
r
s
t
a
n
d
ingo
fan
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
nwh
ich i
n
c
l
u
d
e
st
h
el
i
b
e
r
a
la
r
t
s
,t
h
est
u
d
e
n
t
si
ny
o
u
rc
o
l
l
e
ge
s
�4
mus
tknowand f
e
e
l wh
a
tit i
s
, anda
c
c
e
p
tco
n
f
r
on
ta
t
i
ons o
fva
l
u
e
s an
d
t
h
e
i
re
x
am
i
n
a
t
i
on
. Int
h
a
tr
e
ga
r
d
, I wou
ld hopethe v
a
l
u
es o
fea
c
h co
l
l
e
g
e
a
r
es
ow
e
l
l ex
am
in
edandpU
b
lic
ly s
t
a
ted an
ds
ow
e
ll ex
e
m
p
lified i
nev
e
r
y
a
s
pe
c
to
f cam
pu
s li
f
e
,t
h
a
ti
nac
t
u
a
l li
v
i
ng
, con
f
ron
t
a
t
i
o
n
s ar
era
r
e
.
(A
s ano
l
df
a
rm b
o
y
,I
'
dp
a
r
a
p
h
r
a
s
et
h
a
t, '
p
r
a
ctice wh
a
t you pr
e
a
c
h
!'
)
Conf
r
o
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
so
foppo
s
i
n
gi
d
e
a
s
,y
es
;c
o
n
f
r
o
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
so
ft
h
e
m ag
a
i
n
s
tus
,
n
eve
rw
e hop
e
. N
owh
e
reinthe wo
rldisthe
r
e mor
ev
i
ta
l
,
mo
r
e favo
r
a
b
le
env
iro
nm
en
t fo
rt
h
e grow
thand d
ev
el
o
p
me
n
to
fAm
eric
a
n you
t
hthaninth
e
r
e
s
i
d
e
n
tia
ll
i
be
r
a
lar
t
sc
o
l
lege
s. Ev
ent
h
epU
b
l
i
c un
iv
e
rs
i
t
i
e
s cop
yt
h
e
m
a
s be
s
tth
ey can
. I
ti
sup t
oyouto per
f
e
ct t
h
a
ten
v
iro
l
l
i
n
en
ti
nt
e
r
m
s o
f
t
h
es
t
u
d
e
n
t
s you a
t
t
r
ac
t and dem
ons
tra
t
et
oth
emt
h
eli
v
ingim
p
o
r
t
a
n
c
eo
f
t
h
el
i
b
e
r
a
la
r
ts
.
"
)
Po
int 2- I
n
d
ependen
t
: The f
'
r
eedomto exp
eri
.m
e
r
r
t
,t
oinnova
te
,t
o
r
e
s
pon
d
, toi
n
d
i
v
i
dua
l
i
z
e
. W
i
th s u
ch ind
ep
en
den
c
e and
re
~o
goe
s respo
nsi
-
b
i
l
i
t
y
,y
e
s--t
oa
ll sor
t
so
fa
u
t
h
o
r
i
t
y gr
o
ups: boar
d
so
ft
r
u
s
tee
s
,fa
c
u
l
t
y
,
s
t
uden
ts
,alumn
i,donors, a
f
fi
l
i
a
t
ed chu
r
c
h
e
s,the cO
i
l
l
I
n
uni
t
i
e
so
fwh
ich
you a
re a pa
r
t,the p
u
b
l
i
ca
t la
r
g
eb
e
cau
se o
ft
h
espe
c
i
a
ls
ta
tu
s accor
d
ed
you
ri
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
ion
sint
a
x and othe~ m
a
tte
rs.
a
t
i
o
na
li
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
on
s and syste
r
.
s in o
u
r co
u
n
tr
y
pe
r
h
aps h
i
ehe
r
Educ
edu
ca
t
i
o
ni
np
ar
ti
c
u
l
a
r-a
r
eintroubl
e
. M
any o
ft
h
ed
iff
i
c
u
l
t
i
e
sandm
uch
8
o
ft
h
epub
l
i
cd
i
s
e
nch
an
tm
en
t is a con
sequenc
eo
f edu
c
a
tion
's s
e
l
f
c
r
ea
t
ed
~ailures
and
s hort c o ~n s
desp
i
te f
a
u
l
tsand c
ri
t
ic
i
sm
s, educa
tioni
s
s
t
i
l
lt
h
ew
ay t
oa be
t
t
e
rl
i
f
e
,bot
hfo
rt
h
eind
iv
i
dua
l and fo
ro
u
rt
o
t
a
l
so
c
i
e
t
y
. T
h
i
si
sas t
r
u
et
o
d
a
yas ev
er andw
i
l
l cer
t
a
i
n
ly b ~ t
r
u
ei
nt
h
e
y
ea
r
s ah
e
a
d
. Th
e ne
x
ttw
o de
cad
e
s
,wh
ich le
adu
si
n
tot
h
e 21s
tcen
t
u
r
y
,
�5
w
i
l
lb
ee
x
c
i
t
i
n
gi
f
edu
ca
t
i
o
n
a
ll
e
a
d
e
r
sh
av
et
h
ev
i
s
i
o
nand c
o
u
r
a
g
et
od
o
t
h
o
s
et
h
i
n
g
swh
i
ch mu
s
t b
e don
e
.
A
s ind
ep
end
en
ti
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
s
,f
r
e
eo
ft
h
es
t
i
f
l
i
n
gc
o
n
s
t
r
a
i
n
t
so
f
b
u
r
e
a
u
c
r
a
c
y
, you h
av
ep
a
r
t
i
c
u
l
a
rp
o
t
e
n
t
i
a
lt
op
r
o
v
i
d
el
e
a
d
e
r
s
h
i
pi
nt
h
e
f
u
t
u
r
ea
si
nt
h
ep
as
t. P
u
b
l
i
ci
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
sw
i
l
l fo
l
l
ow
,w
i
l
l emu
l
a
t
e
,w
i
l
l
b
et
h
eb
e
n
e
f
i
c
i
a
r
i
e
so
fy
o
u
r ex
amp
l
e and c
r
e
a
t
i
v
ee
f
f
o
r
t
s
.
P
o
i
n
t 3- Sm
a
l
l
: Sm
a
l
li
nco
n
t
r
a
s
tt
ol
a
r
g
e
, conv
ey
inga n
o
t
i
on o
f
p
e
r
s
o
n
a
l and i
n
d
i
v
i
d
u
a
lconc
e
rnf
o
re
a
c
h st udent
~ c our s e
~It s
no
ta
u
t
omat
i
c
,o
f
t
h
a
tt
h
es
tuden
ti
nt
h
esm
a
l
lc
o
l
l
e
g
e
'w
i
l
l re
c
e
i
v
emo
re i
n
d
i
v
i
d
u
a
l
a
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1983-02-02_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech at the Christian College Coalition
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given February 2, 1983 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Christian College Coalition in Washington, D. C.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
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Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
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Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Education
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eng
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
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1983-02-02
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application/pdf
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Text
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https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/1d5ad3123cd46982d30c376c33d01bc2.pdf
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PDF Text
Text
"Buildin g An Even Better Battle Creek"
Keynot e Rema r ks
Dr. Russell G. Mawby
Cha i r man and Chief Executive Officer
w. K. Kello gg Foundation
Battle Creek Inves t ment Growth Corporation
Third Annual Economic Development Fund Breakfast
February 19. 1986
Good morning.
~n
lead e r s.
It is
~~~~
a u d i e ce
m ny
of this city's best f riends and most spi r ited
BAd se
Your ene r gi e s and
Cr e ek t o meet an
9AWC'e
s have helped Battle
array of :1 ti'
IiUji't;
challenging issues in
r ecent years ... meet them a n d win ov e r them!
For that we all
owe ~a
debt of gratitude .
Th is is the Third Annual Breakfast focusing on the e c o n omi c futu r e
of greater Battle Creek. It comes at a time when
,
new spi rit of
p rogress and achiev e ment is h ighly evident in our commun ity .
of you are act ive ly involved in Battle Creek
unlimited~YOU
.fPJl-
what's going on in the Fort Custer Industrial Park. " Ex cit i ng
1
Many
know
�things. indeed!
k
A ha t
a change we've also seen in the downtown in
t h e past two y e a rs!
*The new McCamly
~ f estival
marketplace, se t t o op e n
wi th an e x citing a r r a y of n e w sho p s and attr a c tio ns.
*A new five -deck publ ic park ing structure convenient to the
Michigan Mall a n d to Mc Caml
Sq a r e .
~
*The Kellogg Center J.p ow "com ing into its own" as a
recreational and entertainment focus for thousands of area residents.
*The imp r essive n e w Kellogg Corporate headquarters building.
*Do wnt own redeve lopment efforts involving the Michigan Mall,
the linear park, new restaurants, and new businesses.
o»: can
Yo
all take pride in the fact that we haven't let our downtown
d i.e .... We recogniz el
that a community needs a "hear t", or a
cent e r, in order to per c eive itself as an entity, and backed that
knowledge with commitment ... public and private.
2
�u
t
u
r
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¥
o
e ~now
t
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t
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conom
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5
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�Deve lopment Authority ... partnerships that in tULn include local
f i r ms which have used the loaned monies to bri.ng growth to Battle
Cr e e k.
And so, in the short t ime the Investment Growth Cor poration has
operated, its EcoIlomic Development Fund has helped to make excit ing
things possible for Building an Even Better Battle Creek.
Let me just list
~~~a l
examples of new or expanded industry in the
Park benefiting f r om EDF suppo r t:
* Th e
Stud i o One Company
Refurbishes mannequins .
market.
Park
Has a national
Employs 20 people.
ness to Bat tle Creek.
6
A NEW busi-
�*
Indu
s
t
r
i
a
lP
a
r
kR
e
b
u
i
l
d Comp
any
NEW mi
n
o
rity
-ow
ned f
i
rm
. R
e
b
u
i
l
d
s ma
j
o
r
b
o
r
i
n
ga
n
dm
illinge
q
u
i
pm
e
n
t
. Emp
loy
s
7f
u
l
l
t
im
ea
n
d7 p
a
rtt
im
ep
e
o
p
l
e
.
*
Un
i
t
ed S
t
e
e
l and W
i
r
e
Company
_
....
J
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
~
R
e
te
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o
no
f mo
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e t
h
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sf
o
r
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a
.
t
t
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eC
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.
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'
,
An
ate
c
h, L
td
.
M
a
n
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f
a
c
t
u
r
e
s c
h
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c
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lr
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o
r
h
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l
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d
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s
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y
. Ah
i
g
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t
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c
hf
i
rm
Em
p
l
o
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e
s
lO
l~
p
e
o
p
l
e
.
M
any o
the
r s
u
cces
ss
t
o
ri
e
sin term
so
fn
ew i
n
d
u
s
tr
ya
n
dj
o
b
sc
a
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e
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cit
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d!
~
ED
Fl
o
a
nr
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
sa
r
ea
f
-
c
a
r
e
f
u
l
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s
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i
g
n
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da
c
c
o
r
d
i
ng t
o
a
s
p
e
c
i
f
i
cs
e
to
fg
u
i
d
e
l
i
n
e
s
. F
o
re
x
am
p
l
e
,a
tl
e
a
s
t25 p
e
r
c
e
n
to
f
/
�t
h
eFund i
st
a
r
g
e
t
e
df
o
rat
t
r
a
c
t
i
n
go
rr
e
t
a
i
n
i
n
gm
i
n
o
r
i
t
yo
wn
ed
b
u
s
i
n
e
s
s
e
s
. L
o
a
n
sh
a
v
eb
e
e
n ma
d
et
o14 f
i
rm
s
,4 o
fw
h
i
c
h a
r
e
m
i
n
o
r
i
t
yow
n
e
d
. And
, o
fb
a
s
i
c im
p
o
r
t
a
n
c
ei
st
h
es
t
i
p
u
l
a
t
i
o
nt
h
a
t
m
o
n
i
e
s a
r
el
o
a
n
e
dt
of
i
rm
st
h
a
t-- i
nd
i
v
e
r
s
i
f
y
i
n
go
re
x
p
a
n
di
n
g
th
e
i
re
x
i
s
t
i
n
gi
n
d
u
s
t
ri
a
lb
a
s
e -- c
a
n d e~~~~ate
m
p
s
u
c
c
ee
d
. EDF l
o
a
n
sa
n
di
n
v
e
s
tm
e
n
t
sh
i.ng
eon t
h
ep
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
v
i
t
y
,
g
r
ow
t
h pote
n
t
i
a
l
,a
n
dp
r
o
j
e
c
t
ed r
e
t
u
r
non t
h
einvest m
en
tf
r
om t
h
e
~~
numb
e
ro
fj
o
b
st
ob
ec
r
eated b
yt
h
ef
i
rm
. ED
F
's e
f
f
o
r
t
sh
a
v
e
c
r
e
a
t
e
do
rr
e
t
a
i
n
e
d 463 j
o
b
si
no
u
rc
i
t
ywh
ic
h tra
n
slates in
to $9
:=
z
:
mi
l
lion in c
o
mb
i
ned per
s
o
n
a
lincom
ef
o
rwo
rke
r
sa
n
n
u
a
l
l
y
. Look
ing
a
ti
t
a
n
o
t
h
e
rw
ay
, t
h
el
o
a
n
st
o
t
a
l$1.1 m
i
l
l
i
o
nw
h
i
l
e t
h
ep
r
o
j
e
c
t
s
t
h
e
ys
u
p
p
o
r
t
,t
o
g
e
t
h
e
rr
e
p
r
e
s
e
n
tpr
o
j
e
c
t
sw
o
r
t
h $
6
.
4m
il l
i
o
nin t
h
e
local e
c
o
n
o
my
.
In t
h
er
e
v
i
ewo
ft
h
ep
r
o
p
o
s
a
l
sc
om
i
n
gt
ot
h
eEDF f
o
rc
o
n
si
d
e
r
at
i
o
n
,
c
l
o
s
ec
o
o
r
d
i
n
a
t
i
o
nt
a
k
e
spLa
r:e w
i
t
h t
h
el
e
v
e
r
a
g
i
n
go
fc
o
n
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
8
�bank l
o
a
n
st
om
ak
e c
e
r
t
a
i
nt
h
a
ta
p
p
l
i
c
a
n
t
sa
r
eu
s
i
n
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Identifier
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JCPA-01
Coverage
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1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1986-02-19_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Building an Even Better Battle Creek
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given February 19, 1986 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Third Annual Economic Development Fund breakfast for the Battle Creek Investment Growth Corporation.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. k. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1986-02-19
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/8f2d5da766aec9b76198522486ba9434.pdf
f9a8c84916fdb4267415ee4a91a8a848
PDF Text
Text
THE UNIVERSITY OF THE 21ST CENTURY:
IMPLICATIONS FOR THE RESIDENTIAL CONFERENCE CENTER
REMARKS BY RUSSELL G. MAWBY
CHAIRMAN AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
W. K. KELLOGG FOUNDATION
AT THE
KELLOGG CONFERENCE ON
UNIVERSITY-BASED RESIDENTIAL CONTINUING EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA
NORMAN, OKLAHOMA
FEBRUARY 18, 1991
I
THANK YOU FOR I NVI TI NG ME TO BE A PART OF THIS CONFERENCE.
I AM
DELIGHTED TO BE WITH VALUED PROFESSIONAL COLLEAGUES AGAIN, SOME OF
WHOM
I'VE BEEN PRIVILEGED TO KNOW FOR MORE THAN A QUARTER OF A
CENTURY,
AND
I
ESPECIALLY APPRECIATE
THE OPPORTUNITY OF
MEETING
OTHER ADULT EDUCATION PROFESSIONALS I HAVE NOT PREVIOUSLY KNOWN.
I CONGRATULATE DR. PAPPAS AND THE OTHERS RESPONSIBLE FOR BRINGING US
TOGETHER.
AS
THE
PROGRAM
PROLOGUE
STATES,
"UN I VERS ITY-BASED
RESIDENTIAL CONTINUING EDUCATION IS TODAY IN A STATE OF
�2
TRANS I T ION. "
WH I LE SOME
OF
HAVE NEGATIVE CONNOTATIONS,
--
THE
CONCEPT
FOREFRONT OF
TIME
MAY
OF
THE
CURRENT
LEARN I NG
RIGHT
PEND I NG
CIRCUMSTANCES
THE BROAD FIELD OF CONTINUING EDUCATION
THROUGHOUT
THE
EDUCATIONAL CONCERNS TODAY.
BE MORE
AND
THAN
EVER
BEFORE
LIFESPAN
INDEED,
TO
MAKE
I
--
I SIN
THE
SENSE THAT THE
SIGNIFICANT
AND
EXCITING STRIDES IF YOU AS PROFESSIONAL LEADERS HAVE THE SKILL,
THE
COMMITMENT, AND THE COURAGE TO DO SO.
I
ACKNOWLEDGE
COLLEAGUE,
THE
W.
DR.
UNIVERSITY
WITH DEEP
CYR I L
OF
APPRECIATION
THE
MAJOR
CONTRIBUTION OF
MY
O. HOULE, PROFESSOR OF EDUCATION EMER ITUS OF
CHICAGO
AND
SENIOR
PROGRAM
CONSULTANT
FOR
K. KELLOGG FOUNDATION, IN THE PREPARATION OF THESE REMARKS.
THE
�3
II
THE ONLY WAY I KNOW HOW TO BEGIN TO THINK ABOUT THE UNIVERSITY OF
THE 21ST CENTURY
IS TO TRY TO DISCOVER THE STABILITIES AND THE
CHANGES OF THE PRESENT, AND GUESS HOW THEY WILL CARRY FORWARD INTO
THE
FUTURE.
SINCE
THE
EIGHT-AND-A-HALF CENTURIES,
UNIVERSITY
HAS
BEEN
IT IS LIKELY THAT,
IN
EXISTENCE
FOR
LACKING A NUCLEAR
CATASTROPHE, STABILITIES WILL WIN OUT OVER CHANGES.
BUT WHAT I HOPE
TO DO TODAY IS TO IDENTIFY FOR YOU CERTAIN MODIFICATIONS OF THE PAST
AND, ASSUMING THAT THEY CONTINUE, THE CHANGES THEY WILL BRING ABOUT
FOR THOSE WHO WORK IN CENTERS FOR CONTINUING EDUCATION.
THE RAPID GROWTH OF HIGHER EDUCATION AFTER WORLD WAR I I SEEMS TO
HAVE ENDED IN THE LATTER PART OF THE 1970S.
EXPENDITURES HAVE CONTINUED TO GROW.
THE DOLLAR AMOUNTS OF
HIGHER EDUCATION
HUNDRED BILLION DOLLAR A YEAR ENTERPRISE.
IS NOW A
BUT FROM 1970 THROUGH
�4
1985,
THE
LAST
EXPENDITURES
FOR
YEAR
FOR
HIGHER
WH ICH
FIGURES
EDUCATION
REMAINED
ARE
AT
AVAI LABLE,
TOTAL
2.6 PERCENT OF THE
GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT, VARYING UPWARD OR DOWNWARD EACH YEAR BY ONLY
ONE-TENTH OF ONE PERCENT.
MORE
THAN
THAT,
COME
FROM
VARIOUS SOURCES HAS NOT CHANGED GREATLY
YEARS.
THE
SHARE
OF
THE
COSTS
OF
HIGHER
TUITION AND FEES ACCOUNTED FOR 23 PERCENT;
TOTALLED 45 PERCENT;
WAS 8 PERCENT;
REVENUE
TREMENDOUS
IN
THE
WHICH
LAST TEN
GOVERNMENT FUNDS
FROM ENDOWMENT AND GIFTS OF
ALL
KINDS
AND INCOME FROM ALLIED ENTERPRISES AND OTHER SIMILAR
SOURCES WAS 24 PERCENT.
INCREASED
EDUCATION
GOVERNMENT
DIFFERENCE.
AS WE LIVE DAY TO DAY,
FUNDING,
BUT
OR
THEY
GRANTS
BALANCE
NEW TUITION LEVELS,
FROM
OUT
UNIVERSITY'S BILLION DOLLAR FUND-RAISING CAMPAIGN
DONORS
OVERALL
MAKE
AS
A
ONE
IS OFFSET BY LOST
REVENUES SOMEWHERE ELSE CAUSED BY A DROP IN THE STOCK MARKET.
�5
I N ONE RESPECT, A GREAT CHANGE HAS OCCURRED SI NCE THE 1970s.
IN
THAT DECADE, THE INCREASED ENROLLMENTS CREATED BY THE POST-WAR BABY
BOOM CAME TO AN END.
GLOOMY
THE LITERATURE OF THE PERIOD WAS FILLED WITH
PREDICTIONS ABOUT WHAT MIGHT HAPPEN AS A RESULT.
AS
IT
TURNED OUT, TOTAL ENROLLMENT ROSE DRAMATICALLY.
IN 1970, IT WAS 8.6
IN 1988,
ACTUALLY,
MILLION STUDENTS;
IT WAS 12.6 MILLION.
THE
ENROLLMENT OF FIRST- TIME FRESHMEN I NCR EASED ONLY SL IGHTLY BETWEEN
1970 AND 1986 -- FROM 2.1 MILLION TO 2.2 MILLION.
(LET ME PAUSE TO
SAY THAT THAT REPRESENTED A REAL TRIUMPH FOR OUR INSTITUTIONS OF
HIGHER
LEARNING
GROUP.)
INCREASED
IN
THE
FACE
OF
THE
DECLINING SIZE
OF
THE
AGE
THE DRAMATIC INCREASE CAME FROM THE INCLUSION OF A GREATLY
NUMBER
OF
WHAT
EDUCATORS
HAVE
CALLED
"NONTRADITIONAL
STUDENTS" -- THE KINDS OF STUDENTS WHICH HIGHER EDUCATION HAS ALWAYS
SERVED BUT NEVER SO FULLY BEFORE.
THEY ARE OLDER:
IN 1970, PEOPLE
OVER THE AGE OF 25 MADE UP 28 PERCENT OF THE STUDENT BODY; BY 1985,
THEY MADE UP 42 PERCENT.
AND THEY ARE MORE LIKELY THAN BEFORE TO
�6
HAVE
STUDY
AS
ONLY
ONE
OF
THEIR
MAJOR
LIFE
ACTIVITIES:
IN
1970,
32 PERCENT OF THE STUDENTS WERE PART - T I ME; IN 1987, THAT FIGURE HAD
RISEN TO 42 PERCENT.
AS I
SAID,
THESE
HIGHER LEARNING,
IN
PROFOUND
WAYS
THE
WH I CH
FAR
FROM NEW AT OUR
INSTITUTIONS OF
BUT THEIR NUMBER HAS NOW REACHED SUCH A SIZE THAT
EDUCATION ITSELF.
LADDER,
STUDENTS ARE
THEY
MAKE
US
RECONSIDER
THE
NATURE
OF
HIGHER
WE HAVE LONG ACCEPTED THE IDEA OF THE EDUCATIONAL
YOUNG
PEOPLE
CLIMBED
I N AGE-SEGMENTED
RANKS
THROUGH
LEVELS OF EARL I ER SCHOOL I NG, FROM KINDERGARTEN AND FIRST GRADE
THROUGH
TWELFTH.
THEN,
WITHOUT
A PAUSE,
THEY
CONTINUED
CLIMBING.
IF THEY FALTERED, WOE TO THEM!
TO
USE
ANOTHER
METAPHOR,
WE
HAVE
ASSUMED
THAT A NARROW WINDOW OF
OPPORTUNITY OPENED UP ABOUT THE 18TH YEAR OF LIFE AND THAT ALL LATER
SUCCESSES
AND
FAILURES
WOULD
BE
INFLUENCED
BY
WHETHER
OR
NOT
THE
�7
YOUNG ADULT MANAGED TO ENTER THE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL TRAJECTORY AT
THAT TIME AND CONTINUE IT THROUGH THE SUCCESSIVE STAGES OF FORMAL
EDUCATION.
THIS
IDEA
IS
DEEPLY
INGRAINED
IN
OUR
SOCIETY.
A
CULTURAL LAG EXISTS BETWEEN THE WAY THINGS ARE AND THE WAYS WE TEND
TO
THINK
ABOUT
THEM.
PARTICULARLY ON THE
AWARDS
TO
FOR
EXAMPLE,
SPORTS PAGES,
UNIVERSITIES
ON
THE
THERE
IS
MUCH
TRAJECTORY.
ARE
BASED
ON
THE
TODAY,
ABOUT BASING ALL GOVERNMENTAL
EXTENT
TO
WHICH
THEY
STUDENTS THROUGH TO THE BACCALAUREATE IN FOUR YEARS .
PROCEDURES
TALK
RIGIDITIES
OF
THE
GET
THEIR
MANY COLLEGE
EDUCATIONAL
EVEN THE REFERENCE BOOKS I CONSULTED FOR THIS PAPER ARE
BOUND BY THE
"WINDOW-OF-OPPORTUNITY" CONCEPTION.
ON ONE OR TWO
PAGES, THEY REPORT BRIEFLY ON THE ACTUAL NATURE OF THE ENROLLMENT,
BUT THEY GIVE 50 OR MORE PAGES TO A DETAILED ELABORATION OF THE
ENROLLMENT
OF
SO-CALLED
"REGULAR"
REFERENCE TO THE AGE GROUP FROM 18 TO 25.
STUDENTS,
WITH
PARTICULAR
�8
ON THE CAMPUSES THEMSELVES A GREAT DEAL IS BEING DONE TO ACCOMMODATE
THE NEW STUDENT BODY.
CERTAINLY THAT IS TRUE,
FOR OTHERWISE THE
NUMBERS WOULD NOT CONTINUE TO RISE AS DRAMATICALLY AS THEY HAVE.
LET US CONSIDER A FEW OF THOSE CHANGES:
FACULTY MEMBERS ARE BEGINNING TO ACCOMMODATE TO
THE PROBING INTELLIGENCE AND VARIED EXPERIENTIAL
BACKGROUNDS OF THE IR STUDENTS.
THIS
CHANGE
THREATENING OR
INTIMIDATING,
ARE SAVORING THAT CHALLENGE.
IT
WAS
GENERALLY
AGREED
WH I LE SOME FIND
MANY
IN AN EARLIER ERA,
THAT
THE
RETURNING
VETERANS OF WORLD WAR I I WERE AMONG THE ABLEST
STUDENTS THE COLLEGES EVER HAD.
THOSE REWARDING
DAYS ARE BACK AGAIN, THIS TIME WITH NO PROSPECT
THAT THEY WILL END.
THE
REQUIREMENTS
HAVE
1960S,
FOR
ADMISSION
UNDERGONE A REVOLUTION.
TO
EARN
A
DEGREE,
AND
PLACEMENT
AS LATE
AN
AS THE
EXPERIENCED
INTERPRETER HAD TO ACQUIRE 12 SEMESTER HOURS IN
A MODERN FOREIGN LANGUAGE, A SEASONED EDITOR WAS
REQUIRED TO REGISTER IN FRESHMAN ENGLISH, AND A
�9
SUCCESSFUL BUSINESSMAN
WOULD
HAVE
TO
COURSE IN PR I NC I PLES OF MANAGEMENT.
WENT,
NO
ALLOWANCE
ACQUIRED
NOW,
BEING
MADE
TAKE
A
AND SO IT
FOR
KNOWLEDGE
IN ANY OTHER WAY THAN COURSE-TAKING.
VI RTUALLY EVERY I NST IrUT ION HAS MADE SOME
KIND OF ACCOMMODATION TO THE NEED FOR ADVANCED
COLLEGIATE
STANDING
THE
CONCEPT
OF
EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING -- AND SOME HAVE GONE VERY
FAR IN THIS DIRECTION.
THE WHOLE FIELD OF DISTANCE EDUCATION, IN WHICH
I NSTRUCT ION IS CARR I ED OUT WHEN THE STUDENT IS
NOT IN THE PHYSICAL PRESENCE OF THE TEACHER, HAS
BEEN FOSTERED AND DEVELOPED, THOUGH, IT MUST BE
ADMITTED,
LESS
ELSEWHERE
IN
SO
THE
IN
THE
WORLD,
UNITED
SUCH
STATES
AS
IN
SCANDINAVIA, AUSTRALIA, AND CANADA.
IS HAPPENING HERE.
ONE,
DISTANCE
SIGNIFICANT
ENGLAND,
BUT A LOT
IN A COUNTRY AS VAST AS THIS
EDUCATION
WAY
THAN
OF
IS
NOW
SEEN
REACHING
OUR
NEW
AS
A
STUDENT
BODY.
COURSES AND OTHER PATTERNS OF
BEING
RESHAPED,
REDESIGNED
INSTRUCTION ARE
TO
INCLUDE
�10
EXPER I ENT IAL ELEMENTS, AND LOCATED AT DIFFERENT
TIMES AND PLACES THAN I N THE REGULAR UN I VERS ITY
LECTURE
HALLS
AT
NINE
0' CLOCK
ON
MONDAY,
WEDNESDAY, AND FRIDAY MORNINGS.
YOu CAN ADD MANY MORE CHANGES THAN THE ONES I HAVE SUGGESTED.
AT
LEAST I HOPE YOU CAN, SINCE THE NATURE OF THE NEW STUDENT BODY HAS
POWERFUL IMPLICATIONS FOR THOSE WHO WORK IN RESIDENTIAL CENTERS OF
CONTINUING EDUCATION AND FOR THOSE WHO WILL DO SO ON INTO THE 21ST
CENTURY.
AS
LEADERS OF
FORMERLY
A MAJOR
STOOD
FORM OF
SOMEWHAT
ALONE
UNIVERSITY
AGAINST
THE
ADULT
STRONGLY
PATTERN OF YOUTH SERVICE ELSEWHERE ON THE CAMPUS.
ONE
VOICE
AMONG
MANY
WITHIN
HIGHER
EDUCATION,
EDUCATION.
YOU
PREVAILING
NOw YOURS IS JUST
YOUR
CONCURRENT
SESSION AT THIS CONFERENCE ON "THE NEW STUDENT MAJORITY" WILL BE
CONSIDERING THIS TOPIC AND I HOPE THAT IT REACHES OUT TO THE FULL
SCOPE OF JUST HOW MUCH THIS CHANGE WILL AFFECT YOU AS YOU WORK WITH
�11
YOUR NEW CAMPUS COLLEAGUES.
MOST BASICALLY, PERHAPS, YOU WILL BE DEALING WITH A FACULTY WHICH IS
MORE AWARE THAN BEFORE OF THE DIFFERENT NATURE OF THE MATURE ADULT
MIND AS CONTRASTED WITH THAT OF THE LATE ADOLESCENT OR YOUNG ADULT.
YOUR CAMPUS COLLEAGUES SHOULD HAVE A SENS ITI VENESS TO THE SPEC IAL
REQUIREMENTS OF YOUR PROGRAM AND, IN VARIOUS ACADEMIC COUNCILS, MAY
HELP YOU GAIN THE SUPPORT YOU NEED.
PRESUMABLY YOUR SPECIAL SESSION
ON "THE FACULTY ROLE" WILL DEAL WITH SUCH MATTERS.
IF ALMOST HALF THE STUDENTS ON A CAMPUS ARE MATURE, PRESUMABLY MANY
MORE DEPARTMENTS OF
INVOLVED
INSTRUCTION AND OTHER ACADEMIC UNITS WILL BE
IN TEACHING THEM THAN BEFORE.
THE
VISTA OF BODIES OF
CONTENT WITH WHICH YOU HAVE HAD NO PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE MAY BECOME A
CHALLENGE FOR YOU.
IF X DEPARTMENT AND Y PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL BEGIN
TO THINK CREATIVELY ABOUT EDUCATING ADULTS, YOU MUST BE PREPARED TO
HELP THEM.
�12
THE
STRUCTURAL
RULES
AND
RELATIONSH I PS
PRESUMABLY NEED TO CHANGE.
FOCUS
OF
HARDER
WORK
THE
I
TO
ALWAYS
AND
INFILTRATE
PERHAPS
THROUGHOUT
WANTED TO RUN
THEIR
UN I VERS I TY WILL
YOUR TASK OF KEEPING THE CENTER AS THE
UN I VERS I TY S CONFERENC I NG
THAN BEFORE
WITH I N THE
OWN
ACT I VI TY
SHOULD NO
THE
LONGER BE
UNIVERSITY.
SHOWS;
WILL
THEIR
BECOME
A GOAL AS
SOME
DEANS
NUMBERS WILL
EVEN
YOU
HAVE
INCREASE
AND SO WILL THE NUMBER OF DEPARTMENT HEADS AND PROFESSORS WITH THE
SAME
ASPIRATION.
PROTECTIVE
LINES
RESTRICTIVE RULES.
PROBLEM,
ONE
ON
SOLUTION TO
THE
ORGANIZATION
ON THE WHOLE,
IF ONLY BECAUSE
PROBLEM
CHARTS
THIS
AND
IS
TO
TO
TRY
TO
DRAW
SET
UP
NEW
IS A POOR WAY TO SOLVE THE
IT REQU I RES YOU TO SPEND SO MUCH OF YOUR
TIME IN POLITICS AND POLICE WORK RATHER THAN EDUCATION.
PREVENT
OR
TO
WIN
ANY
COMBAT I VE
ENCOUNTERS
I S TO
THE WAY TO
MAKE
SERVICE SO EXCELLENT THAT OTHERS CANNOT COMPETE WITH YOU.
HAVE MORE TO SAY ON THIS LATER.
YOUR
OWN
I SHALL
�13
YOU
SHOULD
BE
ABLE
TO
PROVIDE
SOME
KIND
OF
REINFORCEMENT,
ENRICHMENT, OR COUNTERPOISE TO THE INNOVATIONS IN PROGRAMMING GOING
ON
ELSEWHERE.
THOSE
OF
FOR
DISTANCE
EXAMPLE,
EDUCATION,
DECENTRALIZED
CAN
BE
PROGRAMS,
PARTICULARLY
REINFORCED BY
BRINGING THE
STUDENTS TOGETHER IN OCCAS IONAL COLLECT IVE GATHER I NGS; CAN YOU BE
THE
HOSTS
FOR
THEM?
CAN THE CENTER
IN
FACT BE THE
FOCUS FOR
ALL-CAMPUS EFFORTS TO STUDY THE ADULT STUDENTS AND SEE HOW THEY CAN
BEST BE SERVED -- BE THE INTELLECTUAL CENTER FOR THIS DIMENSION OF
THE UNIVERSITY'S MISSION?
YOu WILL THINK OF OTHER EXAMPLES OF THIS
POTENTIALLY FRUITFUL IDEA.
THE POTENTIAL IS VIRTUALLY LIMITLESS.
III
THE OTHER MAJOR CHANGE IN HIGHER EDUCATION WHICH I WOULD LIKE TO
CALL
TO
YOUR
ATTENTION
UNIVERSITY ITSELF.
BUT
I
THINK
PATTERNS.
IT
HAS
TO
DO
WITH
THE
CONCEPTION
OF
THE
IT IS NOT SUBJECT TO STATISTICAL VERIFICATION -IS
JUST
AS
TRUE
AS
THE
CHANGE
IN
ENROLLMENT
�14
NOT SO LOI\JG AGO, PERHAPS AS RECEI\JTL Y AS THE 1960S, THE IDEA OF A
UNIVERSITY WAS FAIRLY WELL ESTABLISHED AS INCLUDING AN UNDERGRADUATE
PROGRAM,
A FULL RANGE OF GRADUATE DEPARTMENTS,
AND A CLUSTER OF
PROFESS IONAL SCHOOLS WI TH LAW AND MEDIC I NE AS THE I R CORNERSTONES.
NOTHING COULD BE DROPPED; A UNIVERSITY SHOULD TEACH SANSKRIT BECAUSE
IT HAD ALWAYS TAUGHT SANSKRIT.
NARROWER
THEY
To BE SURE, MANY INSTITUTIONS WITH A
RAI\JGE OF OFFERINGS CALLED THEMSELVES "UNIVERSITIES" BUT
DID SO WITHOUT FULL CONVICTION,
INCOMPLETE.
FEELING THEMSELVES SOMEHOW
UNIVERSITY ADMINISTRATORS OFTEN ARGUED THAT THEY NEEDED
JUST ONE OR TWO OR PERHAPS THREE MORE DEPARTMENTS BEFORE THEY COULD
BE FULLY ENTITLED TO ACCEPTANCE IN THE HIGHER CIRCLES OF ACADEME.
IN THE 1970S MATTERS STARTED TO CHANGE.
THE STANDARD SPEECH OF THE
PRESIDENTS BEGAN TO CENTER AROUND THE IDEA OF CHOICE OR THE IDEA OF
CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE.
"WE MUST FIND OUT WHAT WE CAN DO BEST," THEY
SAID, "AND PUT OUR RESOURCES THERE."
AND SO ACADEMIC SENATES AND
�15
THE PLATOONS OF ADMINISTRATORS WHO NOW ADORN OUR UNIVERSITIES TURNED
THEIR
ATTENTION
THEMSELVES:
ADEQUATE
TO
PRUNING
AND
UNIVERSITIES
RESHAPING.
DOES AN EXISTING OR PROPOSED FIELD OF STUDY HAVE AN
KNOWLEDGE
BASE?
DO WE
HAVE
TOP-QUALITY PROGRAM I N THIS FIELD?
THE
RESOURCES
TO BE HEARD,
OF
LOOKED CLOSELY
SCHOOLS,
CLASSICS.
PROGRAMS
STATEWIDE
TO SEE WHETHER
OFFERED AT FEWER I NST I TUT IONS.
HEARD
FROM:
EXTERNAL VOICES BEGAN
ASK I NG WHETHER THE COUNTRY REALLY REQU I RED ALL
DENTAL
DEPARTMENTS
TO MOUNT A
ARE THE NEEDS OF SOCIETY FOR
PEOPLE WITH THIS SPECIALTY ALREADY BEING MET?
EXISTING
ASKED
SIXTEEN
STATES
OF
SCHOOL
SYSTEMS
PROGRAMS OF
ADMINISTRATION,
OF
ITS
AND
HIGHER
EDUCATION
INSTRUCTION
COULD BE
PRED ICTABL Y, THE LEG ISLATURES WERE
NOW
REQUIRE
PUBLIC
COLLEGES
AND
UNIVERSITIES TO SET UP PROGRAMS TO ASSESS HOW MUCH STUDENTS ACTUALLY
LEARN IN COLLEGE.
PART OF SOCIETY'S INTEREST IN ACCOUNTABILITY WAS
CAUSED BY A FEELING OF FINANCIAL PRESSURE AND SOME WAS PERHAPS THE
RESULT OF THE BELIEFS OF SOME DEPARTMENT HEADS THAT THEIR OWN WORK
�16
COULD BECOME MORE SECURE BY ELIMINATING COMPETITION.
BUT IN A GOOD
MANY CASES, IT BECAME CLEAR TO ALL INTERESTED PARTIES THAT PROGRAMS
REALLY WERE SO WEAK THAT THEY HAD LITTLE HOPE OF REHABILITATION.
WHATEVER
THE
CAUSE,
THE
RESULTS
ARE
CLEAR.
PROGRAMS OF INSTRUCTION HAVE BEEN TERMINATED.
LONG-ESTABLISHED
LIBRARY SCHOOLS WERE
PERHAPS THE CHIEF VICTIMS, BUT SOME UNIVERSITIES HAVE NOT HESITATED
TO CLOSE OUT THEIR WORK IN A NUMBER OF FIELDS,
GEOGRAPHY,
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, AND SOCIOLOGY.
INCLUDING BOTANY,
AT MOST PLACES
THE IDEA OF AN OMNI-COMPETENT UNIVERSITY HAS BEEN ABANDONED.
THIS REDUCTION IN THE SCOPE OF THE UNIVERSITY'S INSTRUCTION PROVIDES
NEW CHALLENGES FOR THE CENTERS FOR CONTINUING EDUCATION.
LOSE
SOME OF THE
UNITS ON CAMPUS WITH WHICH THEY
THEY WILL
HAVE WORKED.
EXPERTS IN SOME FIELDS NEEDED I N CONFERENCES WILL BE MISSING FROM
THE CAMPUS AND MUST BE LOCATED ELSEWHERE.
MANY OTHER PROBLEMS OF
�17
THE SAME SORT MAY PRESENT THEMSELVES,
BUT,
GIVEN YOUR PRACTICED
INGENUITY, THEY WILL BE QUICKLY SOLVED.
FOR RESIDENTIAL CENTERS, THE HEART OF THE PROBLEM LIES DEEPER.
CLEAR
COOL
THEMSELVES
EYE
OF
THE
ASSESSORS
WITH
THE
RESULT
THAT
WILL
THEIR
FALL
UPON
RESOURCES
--
THE
EVEN
THE
CENTERS
THEIR
SURVIVAL -- WILL DEPEND UPON HOW ADMIRABLY THEY DO THEIR WORK.
NEITHER THEIR CONVENIENT PHYSICAL FACILITIES NOR THEIR USEFULNESS IN
PUBLIC RELATIONS WILL SAVE THEM.
AS WE ALL KNOW, CONFERENCE CENTERS
OUTSIDE THE UNIVERSITIES HAVE HAD A REMARKABLE GROWTH IN BUSINESS,
GOVERNMENT,
AND VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATIONS.
HOTELS NOW ROUTINELY ADD
THE WORDS "CONFERENCE CENTER" TO THE IR TITLES AND SO DOES EVERY
CROSS-ROADS MOTEL WITH A MEETING ROOM.
(ONE OF YOUR SESSIONS WILL
DISCUSS YOUR RELAT IONSH I PS WI TH THESE I NDEPENDENT VENTURES.)
OTHER
MODELS HAVE BECOME COMMONPLACE THROUGHOUT EUROPE, I N SOME CASES, AS
�18
IN
HAMBURG
AND
SHOWPLACES AT THE
MONTREUX,
BECOMING
HEART OF THEIR CITIES.
BUILD SUCH CENTERS AS EARLY STEPS
DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES.
MAY
BE,
SIMPLY
GLISTENING
THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES
IN THEIR
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL
OUR UNIVERSITY CENTERS, PLEASANT THOUGH THEY
CANNOT COMPETE
AS
PLACES AVAILABLE, SOMETIMES NEARBY.
PHYSICAL RESOURCES
WITH
OTHER
AND WHILE CENTERS ARE CLEARLY
IMPORTANT INSTRUMENTS OF PUBLIC RELATIONS,
SECONDARY FUNCTION.
ARCHITECTURAL
THAT SHOULD BE ONLY A
CENTER STAFFS NEED TO DO ALL THEY CAN,
AS
RAPIDLY AND SMOOTHLY AS POSSIBLE, TO PRESENT THEMSELVES SO THAT THEY
APPEAL TO THE TRULY SERIOUS MEMBERS OF THE
FACULTY AND TO THE
THOUGHTFUL OUTS IDE CONST I TUENTS WHOM THE UN I VERS ITY MOST WANTS TO
SERVE.
MOST CONFERENCE CENTERS -- IN HOTELS, BUSINESSES, AND ELSEWHERE -CAN BE RUN ON SIMPLE PRACTICAL PRINCIPLES AND WITH THE USE OF A FEW
CHECK-SHEETS.
THE IDEA OF CONFERENCING ITSELF IS SO POWERFUL THAT
�19
NO GREAT SOCIAL VISION OR ADMINISTRATIVE SKILL IS REQUIRED TO MAKE
IT SUCCEED.
SURVIVAL
BUT
AND,
INSTITUTION
AT
ITSELF
uSUCCESS u IN
THE
OR
MOST,
ON
SUCH
CASES
FINANCIAL
THE
BOTTOM
MEANS,
PROFIT,
LINE
OF
AT
THE
EITHER
THE
LEAST,
FOR
COMPANIES
THE
OR
ASSOCIATIONS WHICH MAINTAIN SUCH CENTERS.
BUT OUR UNIVERSITY CENTERS CANNOT BE CONTENT WITH MERE SURVIVAL OR
EVEN FINANCIAL PROFIT, ESSENTIAL THOUGH IT IS.
IF THEY HAVE HAD AN
IMPORTANT I NPUT I N THE GROWTH OF THE IDEA OF RES IDENT IAL CENTERS
THROUGHOUT
THE
WORLD,
IT HAS
LEARNING THEY HAVE PROVIDED.
BEEN
IN
TERMS OF
THE
QUALITY
OF
IN THE PROBING, QUESTIONING DAYS WHICH
ARE NOW UPON THEM, I FEEL SURE THAT THEY CANNOT HOPE TO THRIVE, MUCH
LESS SURVIVE,
POWERFUL
IF THEY CANNOT CONTINUE TO PROVE THEMSELVES TO BE
INSTRUMENTS OF
EDUCATION
IN
A FORM
WHICH
IS NOW WELL
ACCEPTED BUT WHICH NEEDS CONSTANTLY TO BE DEMONSTRATED IN NEW AND
POWERFUL WAYS.
�20
THE
UN IQUENESS
OF
THE
UN I VERSI TY-BASED
THE FACT THAT I TIS UN I VERS I TY-BASED.
UNIVERSITY,
IT
MUST
SERVE
UNIVERSITY'S MISSION OF
SERVICE.
DISTINCTIVE
CREDIT,
ROLE
IN
FOR THE FACULTY,
CENTER
ACCESS
TO
MUST
THE
SERVE
KNOWLEDGE
RESIDENTIAL CENTER
COMPONENT OF
AS THE
THE
MOST
RESOURCES
THE
IS PERCEIVED TO BE
UN I VERSI TY' S STRUCTURE,
IRREPLACEABLY TO THE
TOTAL WORK
OF
THE
AND
IN
THE
LIMITED
RESEARCH
ITS RESOURCES
FOR THE LEARNER,
RESPONSIVE
INSTITUTION.
POINT
UNLESS
OF
THE
AND IN FACT IS -- A VITAL
CONTR IBUT ING
INSTITUTION
SOCIETAL NEEDS OF THE PUBLIC WHICH SUSTAINS
AND SHOULD BE -- IN JEOPARDY.
AND NOT
THE CENTER AND
USEFUL
OF
LIES
FULFILLING
LEADING TO CREDENTIALS),
MUST BE SEEN AS A VITAL COLLABORATOR AND CATALYST.
THE
CENTER
FROM THE PERSPECT I VE OF THE
TEACHING (BROADLY DEFINED,
TO COURSES ON CAMPUS FOR
AND PUBLIC
A
RES IDEI~T I AL
IT,
IN
VALUABLY
AND
SERVING THE
ITS FUTURE WILL --
�21
IV
THOUGHTS ABOUT THE FUTURE OF RESIDENTIAL CENTERS MUST DEAL WITH BOTH
STYLE AND SUBSTANCE.
AS TO STYLE,
I HAVE ONLY ONE QUESTION TO ASK.
THE STAFFS OF OUR
CENTERS HAVE SPENT ALMOST HALF A CENTURY THINKING ABOUT PROCESSES
AND PROCEDURES.
ROBERT SIMERLY AND OTHERS HAVE BROUGHT TOGETHER THE
FRUITS OF THAT EXPERIENCE AND GIVEN IT FOCUS AND FORCE, NOT ONLY SO
FAR
AS
CONFERENCING
IS
METHODOLOGIES AS TELEVISED
COMPUTERS.
CONCERNED,
BUT
LECTURES AND THE
ALSO
USE
IN
SUCH
OF
INTERACTIVE
YOU PLAN TO CONTINUE THIS PROCESS OF ANALYSIS
NEWER
IN AT
LEAST FOUR OF YOUR SESSIONS HERE DEALING WITH MARKET MANAGEMENT
STRATEGIES, EXTERNAL IMPACTS AND CONSTRAINTS, TECHNOLOGY AND MEDIA,
AND ARCHITECTURAL AND DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS.
THE ROLE OF NEW TECHNOLOG I ES I N THE UN IVERS I TY OF THE 21ST CENTURY
�22
DESERVES SPEC IAL COMMENT BECAUSE
I T WI LL BE SO CR ITICAL.
ITIS
DI FF ICULT TO DE TERM I NE WHAT NEW TECHNOLOG I ES WILL EVOLVE EVEN IN
TH IS DECADE, LET ALONE THE BEG I NN I NG OF THE NEXT CENTURY, OR HOW
SOON THE IMPACT WILL BE FELT BY COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES.
HOWEVER,
IT IS CLEAR THAT THE RESIDENTIAL CENTERS HAVE A GREAT OPPORTUNITY TO
USE
THE
TOOLS
SERVICES.
SYSTEM,
OF
TECHNOLOGY
IMPLEMENTATION
FOR
EXAMPLE,
OF
ALLOWS
IN
AN
EXTENDING
THEIR
INTERACTIVE
EXTENSIVE
OUTREACH
ELECTRONIC
CONTACT WITHOUT
AND
MESSAGE
REQUIRING
STUDENTS AND THE TEACHER TO BE IN THE SAME PLACE.
WHEN
I THINK ABOUT TECHNOLOGY AND
CENTURY,
ITS
IMPLICATIONS
IN THE
NEXT
I RECALL A QUOTE THAT WAS ATTRIBUTED TO DANIEL BOONE
"NO, I WAS NEVER LOST.
BUT I WAS ONCE BEWILDERED FOR THREE DAYS."
PLANNING FOR THE USE OF TECHNOLOGY CAN BE AN OVERWHELMING ROAD MAP
WHERE WE CAN EASILY BECOME LOST IN ITS PROCESSES.
THAT IS WHY IT IS
�23
CRITICAL THAT WHEN PLANNING THE USAGE OF NEW TECHNOLOGY TODAY, OR IN
THE NEXT CENTURY, WE REMEMBER THAT IT IS A MEANS AND NOT THE END OF
PROVIDING EDUCATION.
WE MUST · CONTINUE TO GIVE EACH STUDENT THE
ATTENTION AND SUPPORT SPECIFICALLY TAILORED TO THE INDIVIDUAL IN ALL
PROGRAMS, JUST AS YOU WOULD YOUR MOST HIGHLY VALUED CONFERENCES.
SOME OF YOU HAVE BECOME THE MASTERS OF THE COMPLEX PATTERNS YOU
USE.
My QUESTION, AND IT REALLY IS A QUESTION,
IS:
HAVE
YOU
BROUGHT YOUR LEVEL OF PERFORMANCE UP TO THE HIGH STANDARDS WHICH YOU
ESPOUSE?
DO THE PARTICIPANTS AT EVERY ONE OF YOUR PROGRAMS GET THE
ATTENTION AND THE CAREFULLY TAILORED SUPPORT THAT YOU GIVE TO YOUR
MOST HIGHLY VALUED CONFERENCES?
PROFESS IONAL I SM
WI LL
LEAD
YOU,
IF NOT,
I
AM
THEN YOUR OWN SENSE OF
SURE,
TO
I NCR EASE
THE
SUPERVISION AND STAFF TRAINING WHICH CAN PROVIDE QUALITY OF SERVICE
THROUGHOUT ALL THAT YOU DO.
�24
BUT A SIMPLE PREOCCUPATION WITH METHOD WILL NOT GIVE OUR CENTERS THE
STATURE THEY WILL NEED TO FLOURISH IN THE CRITICAL ATMOSPHERE OF THE
FUTURE.
CRUCIAL THOUGH A POLISHED STYLE MAY BE, YOU WILL PROBABLY
ALL AGREE THAT SUBSTANCE IS MORE IMPORTANT.
EDUCATION ACHIEVES
THEMES
AND
A CENTER FOR CONTINUING
ITS FULLEST PURPOSE WHEN
PROBLEMS
BY
BRINGING
THE
IT DEALS WITH VITAL
UNIVERSITY'S
RESOURCES
IN
MEANINGFUL WAYS TO RESPONSIBLE MEMBERS OF ITS DEFINED COMMUNITIES.
IT IS HARD TO FILL A CENTER ALL YEAR LONG, IN SEASON AND OUT, WITH
SOLID AND CREATIVE LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES.
THIS TASK REQUIRES MANY
BEG INNING POINTS, OF WHICH THE TWO MOST COMPREHENSIVE ARE THE SURVEY
OF THE NEEDS OF OUR SOC I ETY AND THE SCANN I NG OF THE UN I VERS ITY TO
SEE WHICH OF ITS RESOURCES COULD BE USED TO ENRICH THE QUALITY OF
LIFE.
WE CANNOT WAIT FOR INSPIRATION TO STRIKE IN THE SELECTION OF
THEMES FOR CONFERENCES, BUT MUST CONTINUOUSLY ASK OURSELVES CERTAIN
KEY QUESTIONS:
�25
WHAT ARE WE NOW DOING THAT CAN BEST BE AMPLIFIED
OR EXTENDED?
WHAT SUCCESSFUL PATTERNS HAVE WE DEVELOPED THAT
(You WILL
CAN BEST BE USED FOR NEW CONFERENCES?
BE
ASKING
YOURSELVES
THIS
QUESTION
IN
YOUR
SESSION ON INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS.)
HOw
CAN
WE
BEST
SUPPLEMENT OTHER
EFFORTS
ON
CAMPUS TO SERVE THE UNIVERSITY'S NEW PATTERNS OF
ENROLLMENT?
ARE THERE FACULTY MEMBERS OR ACADEMIC GROUPS WHO
HAVE IMPORTANT MESSAGES TO DELIVER TO PEOPLE IN
THE
OUTSIDE
COMMUNITY
AND
WHO
NEED
YOUR
AND
SEMIPROFESSIONAL
ASSISTANCE IN DOING SO?
ARE
THERE
PROFESSIONAL
GROUPS WHO REQU I RE HELP I N STRENGTHEN I NG THE I R
CAPACITIES FOR SERVICE?
ARE
THERE
BODIES
OF
KNOWLEDGE
NOT
NOW
REPRESENTED IN THE UNIVERSITY'S CURRICULUM WHICH
ARE NEEDED BY SIGNIFICANT GROUPS IN OUR SOCIETY?
�26
ARE
THERE
COULD
GEOGRAPHICALLY
PROFIT
FROM
DISPERSED
A COLLECTIVE
PEOPLE
EXPERIENCE
WH ICH THEY COME TO KNOW ONE ANOTHER,
WHO
IN
TO PLAN
TOGETHER, AND TO CARRY OUT THOSE PLANS?
ARE
THERE
SOCIETAL
PROBLEMS
WHICH
CANNOT
BE
SOLVED EXCEPT BY THE COLLABORATION OF SEGMENTS
OF THE PUBLIC NOT NOW IN FRUITFUL TOUCH WITH ONE
ANOTHER?
HOw CAN THE UNIVERSITY'S RELATIVELY NEUTRAL BASE
BE
BEST
USED
GOVERNMENT,
GROUPS,
TO
ENABLE
BUSINESS,
AND
LABOR,
OTHER
PEOPLE
ITS
OWN
STAFF,
RACIALLY ORIENTED
TO
ASSEMBLE
AND
INTERACT?
IS
THE
PROVISION
EXPERIENCES
IN
THE
OF
CULTURAL
COMMUNITIES
AND
AESTHETIC
SERVED
BY
THE
UNIVERSITY SO THIN OR SO POORLY EXECUTED THAT
STANDARDS OF QUALITY ARE NOT SET?
PRESUMABLY YOU ASK YOURSELVES THESE QUESTIONS OR OTHERS LIKE THEM
AND THEREBY TAKE THE INITIATIVE IN PLANNING AND LAUNCHING -- NOT
�27
MERELY WAITING FOR IDEAS TO ARRIVE IN THE MAIL, OVER THE TELEPHONE,
OR BY THE FAX MACHINE.
FULLY
RESPONSIVE
TO
EVERY GOOD CONFERENCE DIRECTOR WANTS TO BE
THE
EXPRESSED
NEEDS
OF
HIS
OR
HER
CAMPUS
COLLEAGUES AND TO INTERACT WITH THEM IN DESIGNING AND CONDUCTING THE
PROGRAMS
THEY
SUGGEST.
I
HAVE
HEARD
IT
SAID
THAT
SUCH
RESPONSIVENESS WAS ENOUGH, THAT IT MADE UP THE HIGHEST EXPRESSION OF
THE CENTER'S WORK.
BUT,
I
HAVE ALSO NOTICED THAT THE PEOPLE WHO
EXPRESS THIS VIEW USUALLY OPERATE PROGRAMS IN WHICH THEIR OWN VALUES
AND I NTERESTS ARE SIGN I FICANTL Y EXPRESSED.
I N THE
REF I NEMENT AND
SHAPING OF A PROGRAM, THE IDEAS OF THE CENTER'S STAFF MEMBERS WILL
EVENTUALLY
BE
DEMONSTRATED
IN
SOME
FASHION.
SHOULD BE PRESENT FROM THE VERY BEGINNING.
I
THINK
THAT
THEY
THE STAFF MEMBERS STAND
AT THE PRECISE POINT WHERE THE CONTENT OF THE UNIVERSITY AND THE
NEEDS OF SOC I ETY I NTERACT AND THEY SHOULD BE SK I LLFUL INTERPRETERS
OF EACH TO THE OTHER, BRINGING THEIR OWN JUDGMENTS TO BEAR EVEN AS
THEY FOSTER THE PROCESSES OF INTERACTION.
�28
BUT SOMETIMES I WONDER IF MEMBERS OF THE FACULTY FROM THROUGHOUT THE
UNIVERSITY ARE AS FULLY INVOLVED IN THE CENTERS' OPERATION AS THEY
SHOULD
BE.
THEY
ARE
UNIVERSITY'S
I NTELLECTUAL MAl NSTREAM.
SOMEWHAT
THEIR
KNOWLEDGE
A
HOWEVER, CENTERS TEND TO BE A PART OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE
UNIVERSITY,
ON
AND
ABILITY.
THE
DEPEND
RESOURCE
WORK
OF
ULTIMATELY
GREATEST
CENTER'S
MACHINERY
MUST
THE
DELINEATED
FROM
AND
THE
IF, AS I SUSPECT, THE NEW ASTR I NGENCY IN
OUR UNIVERSITIES WILL CALL INCREASINGLY FOR A CRITICAL EYE TO BE
CAST UPON CONFERENCE CENTERS, THE INDIVIDUAL AND COLLECTIVE SUPPORT
OF THE FACULTY WILL ALMOST CERTAINLY BECOME A CRUCIAL ELEMENT OF
THOSE CENTERS' OPERATION, EVEN OF THEIR SURVIVAL.
WE ALL KNOW,
CAN BE WON ONLY
INVOLVED
MEANINGFUL
IN
AND
THAT SUPPORT, AS
IF THE FACULTY MEMBERS HAVE BEEN
SIGNIFICANT
WAYS
IN
THE
CENTER'S
PROGRAMM ING SO THAT THEY KNOW IT FIRST HAND AND THEREFORE FULLY
APPRECIATE ITS ROLE AND VALUE.
�29
IT IS ALWAYS HELPFUL TO HAVE MODELS TO FOLLOW, BUT I CAN THINK OF
ONLY ONE WHICH MIGHT APPLY AS A PARALLEL TO A UNIVERSITY CONFERENCE
CENTER AND THAT
IS THE
UNIVERSITY PRESS MOVEMENT WHICH BEGAN A
CENTURY AGO SO IT HAS HAD A LOT OF TIME TO GROW AND MATURE.
I AM NO
EXPERT OF THE WORK OF SUCH PRESSES BUT IT SEEMS TO ME THAT THE MORE
SUCCESSFUL
ONES
MIGHT
WELL
OFFER
EXAMPLES
FROM
WHICH
CENTER
DIRECTORS AND THEIR STAFFS COULD DISTILL USEFUL PRINCIPLES.
THE
PRESSES ARE CONCERNED CHIEFLY WITH THE DIFFUSION OF KNOWLEDGE.
THEY
HAVE LARGE OVERHEADS WHICH THEY MUST MEET CHIEFLY BY REVENUES FROM
THEIR OPERATIONS.
THEY HAVE DEMANDING AND EXACT METHODOLOGIES WHICH
MUST BE EXPRESSED IN EVERYTHING THEY DO, BUT WHICH ARE MASTERED SO
EFFORTLESSLY THAT THEY ARE SCARCELY NOTICED BY THOSE WHO BUY OR USE
THEIR PRODUCTS.
THEY MUST BE BROADLY DIVERSIFIED IN THEIR OFFERING,
EVEN THOUGH EACH PROGRAM HAS CENTRAL THRUSTS AND EMPHASES.
PRESSES
ARE CONSTANTLY LOOKING FOR NEW VENTURES WHICH MAY BECOME THE CENTRAL
THRUSTS FOR THE FUTURE.
THEY MUST BE CAREFUL THAT THEIR WORK MEETS
�30
ONLY THE HIGHEST STANDARDS AND WILL BE EXPOSED TO IMMEDIATE CENSURE
THE MOMENT THEY LESSEN THE QUALITY OF WHAT THEY DO.
THEY MUST HAVE
CREATIVE EDITORS ON THEIR OWN STAFFS OR BUY THE TIME OF OUTSIDE
SPECIALISTS WHO CAN PROVIDE SUCH CREATIVITY.
THEY OFFER TO THE
FACULTY A CENTRAL AVENUE BY WHICH ITS IDEAS MAY BE TRANSMITTED TO
SIGNIFICANT AUDIENCES IN THE OUTSIDE WORLD.
THEY HAVE VIGOROUS AND
WELL-FINANCED COMPETITORS OUTSIDE THE UNIVERSITY, BUT HOLD THEIR OWN
IN
THE
STRUGGLE
FOR
AUDIENCES.
MORE
THAN
THAT,
THEY
HAVE
THE
RESPECT OF THE I R COMMERC IAL COMPET I TORS, WHO KEEP A CLOSE EYE ON
THEM.
A BOOK FROM ONE OF OUR OUTSTANDING UNIVERSITY PRESSES OFTEN
HAS A PRESTIGE, WHICH THE PRODUCT OF A COMMERCIAL PUBLISHER CANNOT
MATCH.
PERHAPS IN THEIR EXPERIENCE AND EXAMPLE ARE LESSONS USEFUL TO THOSE
PROVIDING LEADERSHIP FOR RESIDENTIAL CENTERS.
�31
v
I
BEGAN BY SAYING THAT THE
UNIVERSITY OF THE 21ST CENTURY WILL
PROBABLY REMAIN ESSENTIALLY LIKE THE UNIVERSITY OF THE 20TH CENTURY,
JUST AS WE CAN SEE RESEMBLANCES BETWEEN OUR PRESENT INSTITUTIONS AND
THEIR PROGENITORS OF, SAY, THE 16TH CENTURY.
BUT PRESENT PATTERNS
WILL ALSO CHANGE IN SIGNIFICANT WAYS, AND THE RESIDENTIAL CENTERS OF
CONTINUING EDUCATION ARE LIKELY TO BE PART OF THE CHANGE, NOT OF THE
STABILITY.
THE
UN IVERS ITY' S
BROADENED
STUDENT
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES NOT PREVIOUSLY PRESENT.
BASE
PRESENTS
WHILE WE MAY
NO LONGER BE ABLE TO DEFINE A UNIVERSITY ABSTRACTLY AS A STRUCTURE,
WE SHALL ALMOST CERTAINLY SHARPEN AND APPLY MORE BROADLY THOSE IDEAS
OF QUALITY WHICH THE UNIVERSITY HAS ALWAYS TRIED TO MAINTAIN.
THE
CENTER AND ALL ITS ENDEAVORS WILL ENCOUNTER A SCRUTINY THEY HAVE NOT
PREVIOUSLY UNDERGONE.
THE IDEA OF A WINDOW-OF-OPPORTUNITY IS VALID IN THE PHYSICAL WORLD
�32
BUT WE CAN NO LONGER ACT AS THOUGH
PEOPLE
LEARN
SIGNIFICANT
CONDITIONING
AT
EVERY
LEARNING
OF
AGE
AND
GOALS
CAN
MATURITY
HAS
WINDOWS-OF-OPPORTUNITY.
SOME
BEST
IT WERE TRUE
OF
BE
OCCURRED.
THE
IN EDUCATION.
MOST
SOUGHT
LIFE
AS YOU WORK OUT ALL THE
CRUCIAL
AND
ONLY
AFTER
THE
IS
FULL
OF
IMPLICATIONS OF
THIS CONCEPTION, I CANNOT OFFER YOU AN EASY AND COMFORTABLE FUTURE.
BUT I AM CONFIDENT THAT YOUR ABILITY TO FACE AND MEET ITS CHALLENGES
WILL ULTIMATELY PROVE REWARDING TO YOU AND TO ALL THE PEOPLE YOU
SERVE.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Identifier
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JCPA-01
Coverage
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1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1991-02-18_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, The University of the 21st Century- Implications for the Residential Conference Center
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given February 18, 1991 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Kellogg Conference on University-based Residential Continuing Education in Oklahoma.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Education
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1991-02-18
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/15d420c42f5f41c71cb356d1b5c5739e.pdf
07120ddc28895d7d114a5606f69c3f87
PDF Text
Text
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low
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i
n
ts:
1
.
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e
n
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r
a
l
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y
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ropo
s
edu
n
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t
a
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t
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r
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.
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.
2
.
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ry o
f
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r
agm
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n
a
d
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q
u
a
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et
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o
l
v
i
n
gt
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ep
rob
l
em
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t
im
e
st
h
i
sf
r
a
gm
e
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t
a
t
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p
p
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tf
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et
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en
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s
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a
t
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sh
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~
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for
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or
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t
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romt
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roup
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3
.
V
e
ry o
f
t
e
np
ropo
s
ed a
c
t
i
v
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t
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e
sr
e
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l
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c
t
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a
t
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e
rt
h
a
na p
r
im
a
ry fo
cu
s
upon t
h
eh
e
a
l
t
h
l ~
o
fp
eo I
e
,a p
r
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o
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c
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p
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t
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o
nw
i
t
hp
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o
f
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s
s
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l
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n
t
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r
e
s
t
so
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t
i
t
u
t
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o
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ln
e
ed
s ando
b
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c
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s
. Wh
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t
wou
ld
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t.a.
�To comment briefly on innovations which may contribute to improved
health care in rural communities, it is necessary to refer back to the
problems which concern us--issues such as access and availability of care,
J
continuity and comprehensiveness of care, productivity of various elements of the system, cost and financing, quality.
With these central
issues in mind, from our vantage point we see such promising opportunities
as the following:
{
�1
.
R
e
o
r
g
a
n
i
z
a
t
i
o
no
f ambu
l
a
to
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r
v
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a
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roma
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e
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ss
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o
r
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dc
l
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n
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c
st
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r
e c
om
p
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e
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v
ef
am
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l
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c
e
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t
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n
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p
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e
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u
r
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ep
r
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t
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t
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s andp
h
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c
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sf
o
rh
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l
t
hm
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in
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en
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c
e f
u
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t
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o
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r
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2
.
D
ev
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lopm
en
to
fi
n
s
t
i
t
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t
i
o
n
b
a
s
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d(
h
o
s
p
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t
a
l
)o
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t
r
e
a
c
hp
rog
r
am
s
,
su
cha
sh
om
ec
a
r
e
,p
r
im
a
ry c
a
r
ec
l
i
n
i
c
si
nu
n
d
e
r
s
e
r
v
e
da
r
e
a
s
,
anda
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
el
i
n
k
a
g
e
so
rr
e
l
a
t
i
o
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s
h
i
p
sw
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t
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rc
a
r
ep
r
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v
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d
e
r
s
, su
cha
sn
u
r
s
i
n
ghom
e
s
.
3
.
D
ev
e
lopm
en
to
fr
a
t
i
o
n
a
lp
a
t
t
e
r
n
sf
o
rh
a
n
d
l
i
n
gt
r
u
e em
e
rg
en
cy
m
ed
i
c
a
lp
rob
l
em
s
,w
i
t
ht
h
ed
i
v
i
s
i
o
no
fl
a
b
o
ram
o
n
gi
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
s
a
longr
a
t
i
o
n
a
ll
i
n
e
sandw
i
t
h an i
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
e
dt
r
a
n
s
p
o
r
t
a
t
i
o
nand
commun
i
c
a
t
ion
s sy
s
t
em
.
4
.
Deve
lopm
en
to
fe
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
ep
rog
r
am
so
fi
n
p
a
t
i
e
n
te
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
nf
o
r
i
l
l
n
e
s
sm
an
ag
em
en
t
, w
i
t
ha
n imp
rov
em
en
to
ft
h
ep
a
t
i
e
n
t
'
su
n
d
e
r
s
t
a
n
d
i
n
go
fh
i
sp
rob
l
emandt
h
ep
r
o
c
e
d
u
r
e
st
h
a
tw
i
l
lb
ep
e
r
fo
rm
ed
,
andw
i
t
ha
n emph
a
s
i
s upon t
h
ep
a
t
i
e
n
t
'
sa
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
er
e
s
p
o
n
s
i
b
i
l
i
t
y
f
o
rh
i
si
n
d
i
v
i
d
u
a
lr
e
h
a
b
i
l
i
t
a
t
i
o
nand c
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
n
gh
e
a
l
t
hm
a
in
t
en
an
c
e
.
5
.
Fu
r
t
h
e
rd
ev
e
lopm
en
t ands
y
s
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relationships between educational institutions and health
service institutions and settings.
Somehow we must bring
to reality the much-discussed concept of a health delivery
network as it relates to both education and health care
delivery.
Universities have been preoccupied with medical
science and research; hopefully, more of their attention and
resources will be directed to the improvement of health care
delivery.
6. Enhancement of preservice and inservice education in the work
setting for health personnel.
This setting is not only appro-
priate but essential for certain aspects of education and
training.
As an example, hospitals are becoming more conscious
of their educational role and in many instances are beginning
to establish institution-wide education and training programs.
Such programs encompass employee orientation, on-the-job training,
supervisory development, career mobility, clinical instruction,
inservice education, patient education, and community education.
7.
Experimentation regarding the hospital role in the provision of
primary care, the component of comprehensive care perhaps
least-well served currently.
The public, in search for such
care, has turned to the community hospital, via the emergency
room.
But the emergency room is not the proper setting for
qUality primary care, for emergency room care tends to be episodic and very expensive.
Better answers are available, are
being demonstrated in some isolated instances, and should be
more characteristic of the delivery system.
�9
8. Whenever resources are scarce in relation to needs, the
usual situation in rural areas, ever better mar-agement is
I
required as priorities are established and allocations
made.
A long-standing orientation of this Foundation
has been to improved management and administration, in
the health fields as well as in other fields of Foundation
endeavor.
We have been particularly impressed with bene-
fits achieved through sharing of services by hospitals and
the application of management engineering techniques in the
health care delivery system.
9. Elaboration of the role of the trustee in the health care system.
The institutional board of trustees, if representative, well
qualified, and well informed, is an essential element in
responsive institutional administration.
Trustees can assist
in keeping the endeavor oriented to the ultimate purposes of
the institution, above the more vested interests of the institution itself, its professional components, and its personnel.
One could go on virtually ad infinitum with innovative options.
But
underlying issues such as these are two basic considerations:
A. The problem of fragmentation, both in terms of care as it is
..c
available to the individual person and fragmentation of efforts
of the various elements of our health system.
There is almost
a desparate need for greater cooperation and coordination of
the efforts of the individuals, institutions, and organizations
involved with rural health--health departments, state and
local; hospitals and other institutions, public and private;
�10
professionals, both individually and through their organizations; educational institutions, including colleges and
universities, four-year and two-year institutions, public
and private.
For too long society has tolerated, borne the costs of,
and suffered the consequences of fragmentation.
Hopefully,
leadership for its rationalization will come from those
who are most involved and most knowledgeable, rather than
being imposed.
B.
The need for a comprehensive program of health education.
I would like to share with you some thoughts from a
recent address by Dr. C. A. Hoffman, President of the
American Medical Association.
"A major cause of the current
controversy about America's health care is that the public
and the government fail to understand the difference
between good health and good medicine.
Americans have a
right to good medical care, but they do not have a right
to good health.
Good health is not a right, but a
responsibility--a shared responsibility--and that responsibility begins with the individual's own health behavior.
The health habits of most Americans are so poor that the
nation is suffering from what might be termed an acute case
of 'people pollution' and poor personal health behavior
�11
plays a significant positive role in heart disease, cancer, stroke, and accidents--the four leading causes of death
in America today.
1
"Indeed, if all Americans could be convinced to adopt
a healthful style of life--eating correctly, not smoking,
controlling pollutants, driving safely--the positive effect
of the nation's health would be far more dramatic than could
be accomplished through the construction of thousands of
new hospitals and the production of many thousands of additional physicians."
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
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JCPA-01
Coverage
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1938-2012
Text
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Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
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JCPA-01_1976-02-14_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Wholistic Health Center
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given February 14, 1976 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation on the problems in the health care system and what private foundations can do to help.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Health
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-02-14
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/75e67b558a5f1f79af8496be34353aea.pdf
14cf025ef5dc35ec0cbc694a39ec82bd
PDF Text
Text
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a
t
eand l
o
c
a
le
x
p
e
n
d
i
t
u
r
e
s
.
A e i ~ c
o
n
s
e
q
u
e
n
c
ei
st
h
a
tmo
r
e p
r
o
b
l
em
sa
r
eb
e
i
n
g i
d
e
n
t
i
f
i
e
dand
d
e
a
l
tw
i
t
h c
l
o
s
e
rt
o hom
e
, a
n
d
, a
sw
e a
l
l know s
ow
e
l
l
, t
h
ea
n
sw
e
r
s
u
s
u
a
l
l
yl
i
eIW
.
li
nd
o
l
l
a
r
sa
l
o
n
eb
u
t i
nt
h
ei
n
c
r
e
a
s
e
d comm
i
tm
en
t and
i
n
v
o
l
v
em
e
n
to
fp
e
o
p
l
e who c
a
r
e
. A
g
a
i
n
, o
p
p
o
r
t
u
n
i
t
i
e
sf
o
rp
r
i
v
a
t
es
e
c
t
o
r
i
n
i
t
i
a
t
i
v
e
s ~ o
b
v
i
o
u
s
: t
h
e
r
ei
sa d
e
s
p
e
r
a
t
e n
e
e
d t
ob
e
com
e mo
r
e
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
ta
n
d mo
r
e e
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
ei
nu
s
i
n
gl
im
i
t
e
dr
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
sa
n
di
nm
o
b
i
l
i
z
i
n
g
l
o
c
a
ll
e
a
d
e
r
s
h
i
p
.
O
b
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n 3 c
o
n
c
e
r
n
s t
h
e i
n
c
r
e
a
s
i
n
g
c
o
l
l
a
b
o
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
. We h
e
a
ri
tf
rom t
h
e e i
g
o
v
e
r
n
o
r
s
,a
n
dm
any o
fu
s
.
ent~
S
u
c
h c
o
l
l
a
b
o
r
a
t
i
o
no
fp
r
i
v
a
t
ep
h
i
l
a
n
t
h
r
o
p
yw
i
t
h p
u
b
l
i
ci
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
sand
p
r
o
g
r
am
si
sg
o
i
n
g on i
na
l
lo
fo
u
rc
omm
u
n
i
t
i
e
s
,t
ot
h
ea
d
v
a
n
t
a
g
eo
fa
l
l
.
Th
eb
e
s
to
b
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n
st
e
n
dt
ob
ea
tt
h
ecommun
i
ty l
e
v
e
l-i
ne
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
c
h
i
l
d c
a
r
e a
n
d c
h
i
l
d a
b
u
s
e p
r
e
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
, s
u
b
s
t
a
n
c
e a
b
u
s
e
, i
n
d
e
p
e
n
d
e
n
t
l
i
v
i
n
gf
o
rt
h
ee
l
d
e
r
l
y
, Lnte
.
rg
en
er
a
tL
on
al i
n
i
t
i
a
t
i
v
e
s
,t
h
ec
u
l
t
u
r
a
l and
p
e
r
f
o
rm
i
n
ga
r
t
s
,a
n
da h
o
s
to
fo
t
h
e
re
x
am
p
l
e
s
.
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o
n
c
e
r
nt
h
a
tI wou
ld s
h
a
r
ew
i
t
hy
o
ui
st
h
a
t
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n
l
e
s
sw
e a
r
ec
a
r
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f
u
li
n
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c
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o
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l
a
b
o
r
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t
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v
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f
f
o
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s
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yw
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, i
na s
e
n
s
e
,b
e"
o
n
e
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a
y
.
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e
o
f
f
i
c
i
a
l
sa
r
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n
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i
o
u
st
om
o
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e a
n
dd
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r
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r
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t
er
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o
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r
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st
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t
h
e
i
r
c
h
o
s
e
no
b
j
e
c
t
i
v
e
s
.
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ey a
r
en
o
ta
lw
a
y
sa
n
x
i
o
u
st
ob
eh
e
l
p
f
u
lt
op
r
i
v
a
t
e
i ~t
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n ~ ~ e ing s
u
c
hc
o
n
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e
r
n
s.a
s i
n
c
r
e
a
s
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n
gt
h
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e
s
o
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r
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e
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a
v
a
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l
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e f
o
rp
h
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l
a
n
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r
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c p
u
r
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e
s
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e ·
c
u
r
rent e
v
i
d
e
n
c
e o
f t
h
i
s
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e
l
a
t
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o t
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e t
r
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a
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e
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f c
h
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r
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t
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e c
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n
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r
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t
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nt
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u
d
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r
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t
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o
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t
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l
lu
n
d
e
rw
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y
. Wh
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l
e r
h
e
t
o
r
i
con b
e
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a
l
fo
fp
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l
a
n
t
h
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o
p
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h
a
r
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t
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n
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o
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n
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s
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o
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r
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n
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n
o
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r
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s
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l
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o
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c
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e
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o
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a
t
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rt
h
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nr
e
a
lg
a
i
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s
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h
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o
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n
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p
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t
h p
u
b
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c
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n
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t
i
t
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t
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o
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r
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n
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t
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o
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s
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u
tt
ob
ec
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t
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sa
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o
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e
d
.
t
h
en
a
t
u
r
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ft
h
ep
r
o
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l
em
s
.The p
r
o
b
l
em
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o
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o
n
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e
r
nt
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o
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e
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yt
e
n
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ec
om
p
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e
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lt
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s
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i
p
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r
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e
r
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r
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, p
e
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e
t
r
a
t
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n
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n
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e
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e
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t
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n
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a
ch o
fu
s c
a
nm
ak
e o
u
r own
l
i
s
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n
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l
a
t
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o
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l
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n
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g
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c
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t
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o
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e c
a
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o
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o
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e
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e
r
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t
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e
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e
.
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h
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o
n
t
r
a
r
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h
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l
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t
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o
n
s mo
s
t o
f
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s
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d
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u
c
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s
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o b
e n
a
r
r
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i
s
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i
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n
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r p
r
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e
s
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t
e
d and b
i
a
s
e
d
,
s
im
p
l
i
s
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i
c
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n
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n
a
d
e
q
u
a
t
et
ot
h
et
a
s
k
.
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a
j
o
r c
o
n
t
r
i
b
u
t
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o
no
fp
h
i
l
a
n
t
h
r
o
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yi
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d
d
r
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s
s
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n
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o
c
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e
t
a
ln
e
e
d
sc
a
nb
e
t
o e
n
c
o
u
r
a
g
e a
n
d d
em
o
n
s
t
r
a
t
e p
rog
r
am
s w
h
i
c
h a
r
e c
om
p
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
e
,
c
o
l
l
a
b
o
r
a
t
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v
e
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n
dp
r
o
v
i
d
ec
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
t
y
.
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b
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n 5 c
o
n
c
e
r
n
s t
h
ep
e
r
s
i
s
t
e
n
tr
e
l
u
c
t
a
n
c
et
of
a
c
ef
a
c
t
s and t
o
d
e
a
lw
i
t
hr
e
a
l
i
t
y
.
T
h
i
s i
sa som
ewh
a
t hum
an c
h
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c- a r
e
s
i
s
t
a
n
c
et
oc
h
a
n
g
e
, wh
en
w
ea
r
ec
om
f
o
r
t
a
b
l
ew
i
t
h t
h
a
twh
i
ch w
e know
.
S
om
e
t
im
e
s
, e
v
e
n wh
en t
h
ee
v
i
d
e
n
c
ei
so
v
e
rw
h
e
lm
i
n
g
, b
o
t
hi
n
d
i
v
i
d
u
a
l
sand
t
h
e
i
ri
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
sa
r
er
e
l
u
c
t
a
n
tt
or
e
s
p
o
n
d
. I
ti
sa t
r
u
i
sm t
h
a
t"
i
n
mo
st a
r
e
a
so
f hum
an c
o
n
c
e
r
n
,·
.
.
.e know b
ett
e
rt
h
a
nw
e do.
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ink o
n
l
yo
f
t
h
ea
r
e
a
sw
h
i
c
hm
ay b
eo
fs
p
e
c
i
a
li
n
t
e
r
e
s
tt
oy
o
u
: s
u
b
s
t
a
n
c
ea
b
u
s
e
,K
-12
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
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n
dh
e
a
l
t
hc
a
r
e
.
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o
re
x
am
p
l
e
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fw
e t
h
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nKo
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h
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l
da
e
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e
l
o
pm
e
n
ti
nt
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ee
a
r
l
yy
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a
r
s
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e know
t
h
a
ta
g
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i
v
ei
st
o
ol
a
t
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o
rs
o
c
i
e
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o
n
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e
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n
t
e
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v
e
n
t
i
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e
t mo
s
t
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n
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s a
n
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o
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t c
omm
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a
c
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om
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n
s
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h
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l
d
h
o
o
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r
e
s
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h
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l p
r
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r
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f h
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t
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e e
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n
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e i
sc
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e
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rt
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tt
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n
t
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r
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e
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r
s a
r
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o
s
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p
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t
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n
t and t
h
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td
r
o
p
o
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t c
a
n r
e
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l
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e
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d
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yg
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n
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t
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e p
e
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r
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r
s wh
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e
r r
e
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r
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im
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ry
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e
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h
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tt
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Identifier
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JCPA-01
Coverage
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1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1992-02-13_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Ox Yokes and Whippletrees
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given February 13, 1992 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Ionia Area Chamber of Commerce Annual Dinner Meeting.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1992-02-13
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/de2de9d8dd4e2767ca28a2801e1cee5f.pdf
33789f840e5656706854d9a89d6280db
PDF Text
Text
I -
"A PART OF THE MAIN"
Remarks by Dr. Russell G. Mawby,
Vice President, W. K. Kellogg Fo~~dation,
at the Farm Management Ban~uet
Farmer's Week - Mi chigan State Uni ver s i t y
February 1, 1968
I. An Election Year:
In recent weeks, we have been treated to a number of political
spectaculars - The President's St~te of the Union; the Republican's state of
the Union; the Governor's state of the State - al l just forerunners of "more to
come" in this election year.
.: u':
r '", ~ '.:
In political tradition, tendency to "point with
pride" and to "view with alarm."
In American farr.ling today:
A. Poi nt with pride, to such as
1. the productivity, efficiency of American f armers
(On the average, 1 person in u.s. agriculture today supplies
abundantly the food and fibre needs of 40 persons -- compared to
26 in 1960 and only 10 persons 30 ye ars ago . )
2.
..
the ability of American farmers to apply mushrooming technology to
//
problems of farming
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,
(Between 1950 and 1965, output per man-hours in agriculture rose
nearly three times as fast as in non-farming occupations---132
per cent in agriculture against 47 p er cent in the rest of the '
economy. )
(If we were as far ahead of the Russians in the space race ,a s we
are in agriculture, we would be running a shuttle service It o the
moon. )
3.
the contribution of agricultural productivity in making it possible
for America to have the highest standard of living known to man
(Without the immense l abor - saving contribution on t he part of
agr-Lcul.ture-o-t'r-eedng manpower f or other productive endeavor s--
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et
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ricu
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p
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t
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c
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t
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el
a
n
d
g
r
a
n
t sy
s
t
emo
fh
igh
e
r educ
a
t
i
o
n
:
1850 (186
2
) - a con
c
e
rnf
o
rf
a
rm
in
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a
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e
,t
om
ak
e t
h
e
adv
an
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a
g
e
so
fh
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r ed
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rn
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.
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l
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t
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o
nw
ed
idn
'
t knowenou
gh
, so r
e
s
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a
r
ch
1898- a con
c
e
rnf
o
rt
h
eq
u
a
l
i
t
yo
f
a~i
l
i
f
e
,soh
om
ee
conom
i
c
s
1900 - a con
c
e
rnth
a
tt
r
a
d
i
t
i
o
n
a
ls
ch
o
o
l
i
n
gw
a
s
n
'
tp
r
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p
a
r
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n
g
young
s
t
e
r
sf
o
rth
ek
ind
so
fl
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v
e
stheywou
ld l
e
ad
, so Boy
s and G
i
r
l
s
C
lub wo
rk
, now4
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-t
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s
t
a
b
l
i
s
hm
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t by Co
l
l
eg
es o
fA
g
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t
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r
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r
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fr
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logy
, con
c
e
rn
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i
th th
e'
we
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l
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om
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rces o
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1914- t
av
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A
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, inn
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s
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rd
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r and g
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ts
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and e
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to
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eth
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s
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an
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t
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o
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is f
am
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ly
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.
,
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.
-6
Bu
th
av
ef
a
rmp
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l
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e
en s
im
i
l
a
rl
e
a
d
e
r
si
nm
ak
ing su
cho
p
p
o
r
t
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n
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t
i
e
s
i.~ ,
...
.
,.(
a
v
a
i
l
a
b
l
ef
o
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e
? No
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en
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ra
lly no
t-h
av
ep
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r
s
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F
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t
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om
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conom
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ld subm
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s abou
t18 p
e
r
c
e
n
t
.
Th
er
u
r
a
lpoo
rh
av
e gon
e
, and nowgo
,t
opoo
rs
choo
l
s
.
On
er
e
s
u
l
ti
st
h
a
tmo
r
e
t ~an
3m
i
l
l
i
o
nr
u
r
a
la
d
u
l
t
sa
r
e
c
l
a
s
s
i
f
i
e
da
si
l
l
i
t
e
r
a
t
e
s
.
Mo
s
t o
ft
h
er
u
r
a
l oo~ l
i
v
ei
na
t
r
o
c
i
o
u
shou
s
e
s
. On
ei
n
ev
e
ry13 hou
s
e
si
nr
u
r
a
lAmeric
ai
so
f
f
i
c
i
a
l
l
yc
l
a
s
s
i
f
i
e
da
s
u
n
f
i
tt
ol
i
v
ei
n
.
M
any o
ft
h
er
u
r
a
lpoo
rl
i
v
ei
nc
h
r
o
n
i
c
a
l
l
yd
ep
r
e
s
s
ed
p
o
v
e
r
t
y
s
t
r
i
c
k
e
nr
u
r
a
lcommun
i
t
i
e
s
. Mo
s
t o
ft
h
er
u
r
a
lSou
th
(
c
o
n
t
.)
�1
0
-
i
son
ev
a
s
t pov
e
r
ty a
r
e
a. I
n
d
i
a
nr
e
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n
sc
o
n
t
a
i
nh
e
avy
c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
so
fpov
e
rty
. B
u
tt
h
e
re a
lsoa
r
e im
pov
e
r
i
shed
r
u
r
a
lcommun
i
t
i
e
si
nth
eu
ppe
rGr
e
a
tL
ak
e
sr
e
g
i
o
n
,i
nN
ew
Eng
l
and
,i
nApp
a
l
a
ch
i
a
,
~n
th
eS
ou
thw
e
s
t, andin o
t
h
e
r
s
e
c
t
i
o
n
s.
Th
e commun
i
tyi
nr
u
r
a
lpov
e
r
tya
reas h
a
sa
l
lb
u
t
d
is
a
pp
e
a
r
ed a
s an e
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
ei
n
s
t
i
t
u
tion
."
Inu
rb
anAm
e
r
ic
a
, we expe
c
tb
u
s
i
n
e
s
s and commun
i
tyl
e
a
d
e
r
st
ob
es
e
n
s
i
t
i
v
e
tot
h
ep
rob
l
em
so
f th
eund
er
p
r
i
v
i
l
e
g
e
d
,t
h
edis
adv
an
t
.
ag
ed
,th
em
.
lno
ri
t
y
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h
e
impov
e
r
j
sh
ed
-t
op
rov
id
el
e
a
d
e
r
s
h
i
pi
nadd
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ng s
o
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y
'
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t
t
e
n
t
i
o
nt
oth
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i
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o
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chf
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l
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en
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oexp
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gy i
nl
e
ad
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r
sh
ipe
ff
o
r
ts d
irec
tedt
o
con
st
r
u
c
t
i
v
e end
s.
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si
tun
r
e
a
son
ab
l
et
oexp
e
c
tf
a
r
ml
e
a
d
e
r
st
os
e
rv
ea
ss
im
i
l
a
rspok
e
s
m
en
and "
f
r
i
end
si
ncou
r
t
"f
o
rt
h
er
u
r
a
lpoo
r
?
We cou
ldt
a
l
ko
fo
t
h
e
rs
:
o
fwo
r
ld foodsupp
ly
,t
h
eg
rimr
e
a
l
i
t
yo
fm
a
s
s
e
s o
fp
eop
l
es
t
a
r
v
i
n
g
o
rm
a
lnou
r
i
sh
ed
, th
ew
i
.d
e
r
r
tng g
ap b
e
tw
e
ent
h
e"h
av
e
" and th
e"h
av
eno
t
"
n
a
t
i
o
n
s
, wi
t
ha
l
lt
h
eexp
lo
s
iv
epo
t
.
en
tia.Lswhi
.
chsu
cha si
t
u
a
tion
s
u
g
g
e
s
t
s
;
-o
ft
h
ed
i
l
emm
ao
fyou
th i
nou
rs
o
c
i
e
t
yt
o
d
ay
,i
nwh
i
ch p
h
y
s
i
c
a
l
l
y
,
int~
e tua
,
emo
t
ion
a
l
lyth
eyma
t
u
r
eea
r
l
i
e
rtod
ayth
an ev
e
r
---o
u
t
s
o
c
i
e
t
yho
ld
s th
emb
ackfro
)
;
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r
in
gadu
lt r
o
l
e
sun
t
i
ll
a
t
e
rand
l
a
t
e
rag
e
s
;
o
fc
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im
e
; mo
r
a
l
i
t
y
;t
h
ec
h
angi
n
gr
o
l
eo
fl
o
c
a
l
,s
t
a
t
eandf
e
d
e
r
a
l
gov
e
rnm
en
ts; i
n
f
l
a
t
i
o
n..
•....bu
tt
h
e
s
e su
f
f
i
c
et
om
a
k
e th
epo
in
t.
":
.
.
.
.
....
�1
1
-
JohnR
.P
l
a
t
t
, ab
i
o
p
h
y
s
i
c
ist
,sa
y
s
: "
It
h
i
n
kw
em
ay b
e nowinth
etim
e
tr
a
p
i
dchang
einth
e wh
o
l
ee
v
o
l
u
tiono
ft
h
e
o
f mos
~an
ra
c
e
,e
i
th
e
rp
a
st o
r
t
ocom
e
. I
ti
sa k
ind o
fc
u
l
tu
ra
l 'sho
ck f
r
o
n
t,
'l
i
k
eth
es
ho
ck fr
o
n
t
sth
a
t
o
c
cu
r inae
rodyn
am
ic
s wh
ent
h
el
e
ad
ingedge o
f ana
i
r
p
l
a
n
ew
ing mov
e
sf
a
s
t
e
r
th
ant
h
esp
eedo
fsoundandg
en
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ra
testh
e sh
a
rpp
r
e
s
s
u
r
ew
av
etha
tc
au
sesth
e
son
i
cboom." Inh
isv
i
ew
,w
ea
r
ea
tp
r
es
en
ti
na p
e
rio
do
ft
r
an
si
t
ion
:
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rm
o
s
to
fh
istwo mi
l
l
ionye
a
r
s
,m
anh
a
so
p
e
r
a
t
ed i
nafai
r
l
y
ta
e~
o
t
och
ange
--w
o
r
l
d
. S
ton
eA
ge
. F
romg
en
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o
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e
n
e
r
a
t
ion t
h
e
re w
a
sa
lm
o
s
tno so
c
i
a
lo
r te
chno
log
ic
a
l ch
ang
e
. Th
e
r
e
H
as no g
apb
e
tween g
en
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rat
i
o
ns
;f
'
a
t
.h
er H
a
sl
i
k
esonH
a
sl
i
k
eg
r
a
nd
son
;
a
r
ed t
h
es
am
ewo
r
ld
, th
es
am
eou
t
look
. And ev
e
rym
an w
as i
n
th
ey sh
t
o
u
ch w
i
th t
h
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s
s
e
n
t
i
a
l
s
.
A
l
lt
h
is b
eg
ant
och
ang
ew
i
th t
h
e adv
en
to
fag
r
i
cu
ltu
re abou
t
10
,
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00 y
ea
r
s ago. Food s
u
r
pl
u
sesa~
ea ed
h
ad t
im
eto doso
m
et
h
i
n
go
the
rth
an
un ~
Af
e
Hp
eopl
e
,t
h
e
n
,
and cu
ltiv
a
te
. Th
ee
f
f
o
r
t
s
o
fth
ef
e
wl
e
dt
oc
i
v
iliz
a
t
i
o
nandtoth
ea
c
cumul
a
t
iono
fnew
know
ledg
e
. Know
ledg
eb
rou
gh
t inno
v
at
i
on
, ch
anges i
nt
h
ea
c
cumul
a
t
ed
r
no
f twom
i
l
l
i
o
n yea
r
s
. T
:
1
em
o
r
e know
l
edg
e accumu
.
l
a
ted
,
hum
anp
a
tte
t
h
emo
re i
n
nova
t
i
o
nt
h
e
r
ew
a
s
, un
ti
lt
h
ep
roc
ess o
f ch
ang
ea
c
cel
e
r
a
t
ed
i
n
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ot
h
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z
zyp
atte
rno
ft
h
ep
r
esen
t.
D
r.
~ att
s
e
e
sth
ep
e
r
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cc
e
l
e
r
a
ting
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i i
i ati o ~
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astransi
t
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a
l
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h
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t
e
po
e
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w
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en
Ag
e andsom
en
ew s
t
a
b
i
l
i
t
yt
a~
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o
l
d
~a i i t
o
ft
h
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t
on
e
I
m
ay :
a
s
tequ
a
ll
ylong
. E
i
th
e
rw
ereach
t
a
b
i
l
i
t
yo
r
, youm
igh
t say
,t
h
ewno
l
.
et
l1
inggo
es b
e
l
l
y
-u
p
.
th
is n
ews
a
u
se th
ep
a
c
eo
f ch
ang
ec
an'
t
a
c
c
el
e
r
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n
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y
.
B
ec
Th
ep
re
s
e
n
ti
sp
rob
ab
ly th
ec
r
i
t
i
c
a
lp
e
r
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nt
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et
r
a
n
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i
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o
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.
D
r
.B
.R
.S
en
, you r
em
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mb
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r
, sawth
en
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t th
i
r
t
y
f
i
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e yea
rs a
s
d
e
c
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e
rm
so
f foo
d
. Ash
a
rp d
e
c
l
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n
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npo
p
u
l
a
t
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o ~
(
(
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t
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mu
s
t com
esoon
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rt
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el
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k
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l
i
h
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o
di
sr
e
d
u
c
t
i
o
nth
roughf
am
in
e
,
w
a
r andd
i
s
e
a
s
e
. A
s
id
ef
romt
h
ep
o
p
u
l
a
t
i
o
n imb
a
l
an
c
e
,t
h
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t
h
e
r
m
a
jo
r o
b
s
t
a
c
l
eo
ft
h
et
an it~on
p
e
r
i
o
di
st
h
ed
ang
e
ro
fn
u
c
l
e
a
r
wa
r
."
I
nt
h
ef
i
n
a
la
n
a
l
y
s
i
st
h
e
n
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h
eg
r
e
a
t
e
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t
a~ en e
o
ft
h
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sg
e
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e
r
a
t
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a
n
d
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e
x
t
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sp
r
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r
e
s
si
nhum
anr
e
L
a
t
.
ton
shLp
s
. R
etu
r
nLng t
oDonn
e
:
san i
s
l
a
n
d
,e
n
t
i
r
eo
fi
t
s
e
l
f
;ev
e
ry
"No m
ani
m
an i
sa p
i
e
c
eo
ft
h
ec
o
n
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i
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t
, ap
a
r
to
ft
h
e
'
I
''!
'
Q
1
\
m
a
in
; i
f
ac
lodb
ew
a
sh
ed aw
ayby t
h
es
e
a
,Eu
rop
e
"
\
i
st
h
el
e
s
s
,a
sw
e
l
la
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a
w
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fam
ano
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r
e
, a
s
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r
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ro
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e
; anym
an
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s d
e
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o o n~o
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D
i
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, b
e
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au
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I am invo
lv
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nm
ankind
: and t
h
e
r
e
f
o
r
en
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r
s
endt
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h
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e
l
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l
s
;i
tt
o
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l
s
f
o
rt
h
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e
.
"
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nr
e
c
e
n
tmon
th
s
, Ih
av
eb
e
enmov
ed by a n~
e
o
fe
x
p
e
r
i
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n
c
e
s
:
1
. Co
lomb
i
a
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. -e
conom
i
cpov
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rt
y
2
. Sou
thD
ako
t
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r
e
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a
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4
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l
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ch
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. Tuskegee
: F
a
rm
e
r
s ~a
We a
r
et
h
el
e
s
s
e
rf
o
rsu
cha
st
h
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s
e
. AndI subm
i
tt
h
a
tf
a
rmp
eop
l
e mu
s
t
b
e
c
om
e"
i
n
v
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v
e
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nm
ank
ind
,
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oa g
r
e
a
t
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rd
eg
r
e
e th
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r
e
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n
to
ri
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h
e
p
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s
t
.
W
e
'
r
e r
em
ind
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h
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tf
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rm
e
r
sa
re nowa p
o
l
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conom
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t
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r
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nt
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no
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ting
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1968-02-01_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, A Part of the Main
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given February 1, 1968 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Farm Management Banquet during Farmer's Week at Michigan State University.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Michigan
Charities
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Agriculture
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1968-02-01
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/444736ff5068514a8fdfdc0b4390bde9.pdf
646912c94cd188800e15656cad06b903
PDF Text
Text
Remarks by Russell G. Mawb y
at 1987 Battle Creek Community
Leadership Academy Graduation
Dinner. December 8. 1987
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WP+47
1212
/87
��1987 BATTLE CREEK COMMUNITY LEADERSHIP ACADEMY
Graduation Dinner - December 8, 1987
Four Seasons Banquet Room
Agenda
1.
Introduction of Dignitaries:
Program Director
2.
Reading of Congratulation Letters:
Leadership Development Committee
3 .
Alumni Comments - "A New Beginning":
4.
Dinner
5.
Remarks from Co-Sponsors: Dr. Warren Sprick, Chairman of
the Board, Battle Creek Area Chamber of Commerce/Dr. Paul
Ohm, President, Kellogg Community College
6.
Introduction of Keynote Speaker: Dr. Jack Mawdsley, Program
Director, W.K. Kellogg Foundation
7.
Keynote Speaker - "Unfinished Business": Dr. Russell Mawby,
Chairman and C.E.O., W.K. Kellogg Foundation
8.
Presentation of Graduation Certificates: Michael Jackson,
President, Battle Creek Area Chamber of Commerce/Ann
Rosenbaum, Chairperson, Kellogg Community College
9.
1987 Class Response:
10.
Adjournment:
Edward D. Barlow, Jr.; Academy
Judy Kubik
Edward D. Barlow, Jr.
Jim Hazel, Chairman,
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1987-12-08_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech at the Battle Creek Community Leadership Academy Graduation Dinner
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given December 8, 1987 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Battle Creek Community Leadership Academy graduation dinner.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Education
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1987-12-08
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/6d00f0950829554f911d0384bf32fe13.pdf
a808460f93449b49dd9e6ced1a04d516
PDF Text
Text
1.::I-7- ~
KENTUCKY IN RELATION TO THE MAIN DnmCrIONS OF SOCIETY
Russell G. Mawby
Vice Pre sident - Programs
w. Ko Kel l ogg Fo ~dat ion
I am delighted to part i ci p ate in this Annual Confere nc e Program o ~ the
I
Kentucky Cooperative Exten s ion Ser vi ce . To be vlith you i s beth a pe r so na.L
pleasure an d a pr ofess i onal privilege.
Profe s sionally, s i nce i deas are the
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of our Foundation,
t he intellectual st i mulat i on of the academic s etting i s indi spen sable.
For t unat el y my program r esponsi bi l i t i es with the Foundat i on provide ma ny
opportuniti e s for involvement with University people .
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Sch ne :der , f or inviting me on thi s occasion.
Thank y ou , Direct or
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Personally, s i nce my ca ree r until rec ently has b een with a University
and in Extension, I fee l at home with you.
Over the ye ar s, I ' ve had many
cont a cts with Ext en sion f ol ks in Kent ucky , and it i s good t o be wi th you
ag a i n .
I have been in Kentucky on a number of occasions, not al way s un der
circumstances so pleas ant a s t he se.
My first extended vi sit vIaS an eight -
week educational s ojourn in 1953 at an institution in---would it be Har di n
County?
Today I
At that time my rank was Private E-I, of t he l owest trainee f orm.
mor e comfortably as a Colone l of t he great Commonwealth
of Kent ucky , thanks to the ge ner osi ty of your Gove r nor and t he good a uspice s
of Pre sident Oswald, Dr. Cr eech, Dean Seay, Mike Duff a nd others who were
involved in t he visi t here and to Easter n Kent ucky l a st fall by our
F'onndat i on Pr e sident, Dr. Morr is , and meo
No one can b e affi l iated wi th t he Kellogg Foundat ion TlTi t hout he ar i ng
a great deal about and even de ve l op i ng an appreciat ion f or Kentucky o Until
Annual Conference, Kent ucky Cooperat i ve Extension Ser vi ce , Univer sity of
Kent ucky , Lexington, Kentucky - December 7, 1966
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tu
ck
i
a
n
s
: D
r. C
r
e
ec
ha
s
D
i
rec
t
o
ro
fA
g
ricu
l
t
u
ra
lP
rogr
am
s, D
r
.M
aur
i
c
eS
e
ay a
sD
i
r
ec
t
o
ro
fE
du
ca
t
i
on
,
h
i
l
i
pB
l
a
c
k
e
r
b
ya
sFound
ati
o
nVi
c
eP
re
s
i
d
e
n
t an
dD
i
rec
to
ro
f ou
r
and D
r. P
D
iv
is
i
o
no
fD
en
tis
t
r
y
. T
h
isim
b
a
l
an
ce h
as s
i
n
c
eb
een co
rr
e
c
t
e
d
,fo
rtwo
o
ft
h
eth
r
e
eh
av
et
r
aded i
nt
h
e
ir Fo
und
ation g
a
rm
en
tsfo
ra
c
a
d
em
i
c rob
e
s
-Dr
.C
r
e
e
ch he
re
, andD
r
. Se
aya
t M
ichi
g
anst
a
t
eUn
iv
e
rs
i
t
y
. Ih
a
st
e
nto
r
eyou
, how
ev
e
r, t
h
a
tD
r. B
l
a
ckerbyc
on
ti
n
u
e
stose
rv
e as yo
u
rv
e
ry
assu
t
i
c
u
l
a
t
e an
dab
l
e spoke
sm
ana
t th
e Fou
nda
t
i
o
nand K
en
tu
cky i
n
t
e
r
e
s
t
s
ar
~
_
~ ~- ~i. J
:i:?-'-•
con
t
i
n
u
et
ob
ew
e
ll rep
resen
tedin B
a
t
t
l
eC
reek. 7' .-~..-a.- v
-I
~ ~..,.... --t
\
_ ,
.
.
"
t
.
-
.
.
.
t
.
.
-w&C
S
e
rio
u
s
l
y
, ou
r Found
at
i
o
n ov
e
rthe ye
a
r
sh
a
sh
a
d ve
r
yp
l
e
as
a
n r
e
l
a
tion
-
s
h
i
ps w
i
th t
h
eU
n
iv
e
rs
i
tyo
fK
en
t
u
cky i
na numb
e
ro
fa
r
eas o
fm
u
tu
a
li
n
t
e
r
es
t
.
Mo
s
tpe
r
ti
n
e
n
tonth
is o
c
c
a
sion
,o
fc
o
u
r
s
e,ist
h
eE
ast
e
rn K
e
n
tu
ckyR
e
sou
rce
Dev
eLopmer
r
tP
ro
.
i
e
c
t
.
, Commi
tt
e
dasis ou
r Found
ati
o
ntoth
e ph
i
lo
sopb
yo
f
he
l
p
i
n
g pe0pl
eh
e
lp t
h
em
s
e
lv
esandth
en
o
t
i
o
nth
a
t ed
u
c
ation o
ffe
r
st
h
e
t
e
s
topp
o
r
t
u
n
i
t
yr
e
a
l
l
yt
oim
p
rove on
eg
e
n
e
r
a
tion ov
e
rano
th
e
r, w
ew
e
r
e
g
rea
i
mmed
i
a
t
e
l
yi
n
t
e
res
t
ed i
n1
9
6
0when Un
iv
ers
it
yo
ff
i
c
ia
l
s ou
t
l
i
n
e
dt
ou
sa
n
i
n
n
ov
a
t
i
v
e app
ro
achtobe
tt
e
rs
e
r
vi
n
gth
e edu
ca
tion
a
l and dev
e
lo
pm
en
t
a
l
n
eed
so
fyou
rA
pp
a
l
ach
i
a
nco
u
n
t
i
es and r
e
q
u
e
stedFounda
t
i
onass
i
s
t
an
ce i
n
in
i
t
ia
t
ingt
h
i
sp
rog
r
am
. I
n
ev
i
t
a
b
l
y
,b
e
c
au
sethep
r
o
po
s
a
lw
a
s innov
a
t
i
v
e
,
t
i
m
el
yand thoug
h
tfu
l
l
yd
esi
g
ned (
andb
ec
au
set
h
er
ew
er
eenough K
en
t
u
c
k
i
a
n
s
onth
ein
s
ide t
osw
a
yth
eb
a
l
an
c
eo
fpow
e
r) w
er
e
spond
edaf
f
i
rm
a
tiv
e
l
y
. In
e
ar
s\~ e hav
ebe
en L
mpz
-o
ss
edw
i
thth
e conp
eben
ce
,d
edi
c
a
.
ti
o
n
, and
.
th
ese s
ixy
si
n
c
e
r
it
yo
f su
c
h as M
ik
e DUff, h
isimmed
.
i
a
te c
o
l
l
e
a
gu
es
,and al
l
o
t
h
e
r
s
asso
c
i
a
ted w
i
t
hEKRDP
;p
leased w
it
hthe d
emon
s
tra
t
e
daccom
p
l
i
shm
e
n
ts o
fthe
P
ro
jec
t; g
ra
tified t
h
a
tEKRDP h
as p
rov
i
d
edp
rac
t
ic
a
land su
cc
e
s
s
f
u
l
c
es wh
i
.
ch have beenr
e
f
l
ec
t
e
di
ncon
s
equ
en
tb
r
o
ad
e
r
,F
ed
era
l
l
y
exp
erien
~1...
f
·
�- 3f
in
an
c
ed e
f
fo
r
t
so
fs
im
il
a
r pu
rpos
e
; andp
l
e
a
s
ed a
l
s
oth
a
tt
h
eexp
e
r
i
e
n
c
es
o
ft
h
isexpe
rim
en
ta
lp
rog
ramh
av
eb
e
enh
e
lp
fu
li
nt
h
epr
o
c
e
s
so
fre
a
l
i
g
n
i
n
g
K
en
tu
cky E
x
ten
s
ion a
c
t
i
v
i
t
i
e
s on an a
r
e
ab
a
sis
.
To t
h
eTop
i
cA
s
s
i
g
n
ed
T
h
etitle a
ssi
g
n
edto m
yr
e
m
a
rk
s isimp
r
e
s
s
i
v
eind
eed
: "K
en
t.ucky i
n
R
e
la
tionto t
h
e M
a.i.n D
i
rec
t
ion
so
f So
c
ie
t
y
.
I
I
I-IowI ~'ii
I co
u
l
d sp
e
akto
i
t
.H
ow
ev
e
r, I mu
s
t con
f
esst
ob
ei
n
gad
m.irab
ly unqu
a
lifie
d
. W
e
r
eI t
o
su
bm
it myc
r
ed
e
n
tia
ls a
tt
h
i
stim
e
,th
eym
igh
tb
e two
f
o
l
d
: Fi
r
s
t
, mycomn
l
en
t
s
tb
er
e
s
tric
tedo
ri
n
f
l
u
en
ced bywh
a
th
a
sb
e
en s
a
i
db
ef
o
r
e
,e
i
t
h
e
ri
n
w
i
ll no
e
a
r
li
e
r see
m
en
t
s o
ft
h
i
s Con
fe
r
en
c
ep
rog
r
am o
r on o
th
e
ro
ccas
i
ons
. Ih
av
e
no
t had t
h
eb
en
e
f
it o
fh
ea
r
i
n
g you
r Gove
r
n
o
r,D
r
. Weidn
e
r
,M
r
. C
o
r
n
e
t
t
,o
r
o
the
r
sw
ho h
av
ep
r
e
c
e
d
edme
. Wh
il
et
h
is s
t
a
t
eo
fa
f
f
a
i
r
sh
asr
e
cogn
i
z
e
d
lim
i
t
a
t
i
o
n
s
, it m
aya
c
t
ua
lly b
e suppo
r
ti
v
eo
fth
ep
u
r
po
sefo
r wh
ichI w
a
s
in
v
i
t
e
d
. S
econd.Ly
, I amunham
pe
r
edby fac
ts
,f
o
radm
i
tt
e
d
l
yI knowno
t
nea
r
l
y enough abou
tK
en
tu
cky
,h
e
r reso
u
r
c
e
s
,h
e
rp
eo
p
le
,h
e
ra
spira
tion
s
,
ri
n
s
tit
u
t
i
o
n
s
, he
rc
u
l
tu
re
,h
e
rp
rob
l
em
s. I amno
t in
t
i
m
a
te
ly a
cqu
ai
n
t
e
d
he
wi
t
ht
h
eU
n
ive
r
s
i
t
y andits i
n
t
er
n
a
lo
r
g
ani
z
a
ti
o
nandp
o
l
i
t
i
c
s
,wi
t
hthe
C
ol
l
eg
eo
f A
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
e andHome E
conom
ics
,o
rw
i
t
h th
e Co
op
e
r
a
t
i
v
eEx
tens
i
o
n
Se
r
v
ic
e,e
i
t
h
e
rp
re o
r po
st the newo
r
g
a
n
i
za
tio
n
a
l ch
ar
t
. ThusI amno
t
co
n
fu
sed b
y wh
a
ti
so
r wh
a
th
as b
e
enanddo no
t know w
h
a
t
;tosay o
r, p
erh
aps
m
o
reim
po
r
t
a
n
t
l
y
, wh
a
t n
o
tt
os
ayinligh
to
ft
h
i
s
. Thu
sm
y com
m
e
nt
st
ot
b
e
t
o
p
i
cv
r
iL
l
,"
b
eb
a
sed upon ab
ro
ad andg
en
e
r
a
la
c
q
u
a
i
n
t
an
ce w
i
th uni
v
e
r
s
iti
e
s
,
t e n i on ~
edu
c
a
t
i
o
n
,andth
em
a
i
nd
ir
e
c
t
i
o
n
so
f so
cie
t
y
. My rem
a
rkssh
a
ll
l
y di
r
e
c
t
e
dto sp
e
c
i
f
ic
so
ft
h
eK
e
n
t
u
cky s
c
e
n
e
.
no
t be based u
pon o
r necessa
ri
Ra
t
h
e
r
,app
rop
r
i
a
t
e
l
y
,I w
i
l
l
le
av
eth
et
r
a
n
s
l
a
t
ion
,t
h
et
r
a
n
s
f
e
r,t
h
e
a
p
p
li
c
a
t
i
o
n
,the i
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
etoyo ~ - -fo r su
chi
syou
rpr
o
f
e
s
s
ion
al p
r
i
v
ilege
and o
b
lig
a
tion
.
�- 4 Befor e thus dispatchi ng a br uptl y \'lith t he Kentucky aspe ct of my
assigned topic, however , it do e s seem approp r iate to acknowl e dge the changes
i n p rocess in the Kentucky Cooperative Ext ens i on Ser vic e .
The other evening
my daughte r came home from fifth grade wi th a new story , which she proceeded
to repeat for our guest s t hat evening .
You can appreciate the appr ehe ns i on
of Mom and Dad on t hi s f i rst hear ing of a new story .
I t seems that t he
main character of t h e s tory rushed up to a person on the street and greeted
him , lIWhy , he l lo, I rving.
changed .
It 's so good t o see yo u again- -but my , ho w you 've
I recal l that yo u were t all a nd sl ender, and now you seem shorter
and r at.her stout.
And i t seems to me your hair was dark and your eyes wer-e
br own, and now y ou have blonde hair and 'bl ue eyes .
You really have changed . 1I
The second man responde d, 1I 0h , but mY name i sn' t Er- ving l "
To which t he fir s t
man r eplied, lITtJell, I'll b e--y ou even changed yo ur name ."
I suspect that the Kentucky Cooperative Extens ion Ser vi ce has not yet
so change d that onew-ould not r e c ogni ze
it ~
but no one f amiliar "lith Extension
and i ts hi s t or y can fail to appreciate t he s ignificance and the implications
of the new pat te r n you a re in the p roc ess of i mp l eme nt i ng.
I say "Ln proc e s s"
advisedly , for 'i'mile the lines have be en drawn and the mimeograph ope rated ,
you know b et te r than I that t he new pattern is not yet wrought .
Schne ider has observed, you are now i n t he most difficult stage .
As Di rector
Much
p l a nni ng ha s been completed, traini ng i s underway, and you a re now grappl ing
." ith p roblems of i mp l ement at i on , maintaining the old while initiat ing t he
neu ,
To s ome , p rogress to date undoubtedly seems limited and disco uraging ;
t o others phenomenal.
The important point I note as an out side obser ver i s not the point of
progress at this moment in t ime , b ut rather the dire ct i on or course upon
�- 5 whic h yo u have embarked with thoughtful cons i der at i on .
The enc ouraging
init i al re spons e of al l ,{ho have a vested i ntere st r efle cts the ground work
you have l aid an d mnst be gra ti f ying.
I a ssume t he purpo se of s uch agonizing r eapprai s al and signific ant
reor ganizat io n is t o bet ter serve the people of Ke nt ucky t hrough appr opr iate
educational activitie s of the Univer sity ' s Extension arm- - t o make more
r eadily an d effe ctively available the knowledge re s ources of t his great
institution to the p eop l e of the Commonwealth.
I f thi s be true, t he ult imate
test then of the new pattern of oper a t i on will be gauged by its s ucce s s in
a cca npli shing thi s purpos e .
A changed hierachy of admi nist r at i ve re sponsi-
bilitie s, new l et terhead a nd t i t les , new budgeting p r oce dur es , new bureaucratic a r r angeme nts for progrmn decisions and implement ation, new driving
pat t er ns and ge ographic p r erogat i ve s wi l l amoun t t o naught unle s s i n f act
this ce ntral purpo se i s serve d.
As each of you wel l app re ci at es , the ultimat e
succe s s will be determined not by central admi ni st r a t i on ; official decree,
or l earned pronouncement.
Rat her it wi.Ll, be det ermined as each of you--
regardl e s s of title ur resp on sibility--refle cts a consc ient i ous and
profe s si onal canmitment to the idea of more comp l ete ly fulfilling the
educational commi tme nt of thi s Land-Grant instit ution.
You , above al l and
in spit e of all else, \'Till determine t he ultim.ate viability of t hi s innovative
effort t o mor e ade Quately fulfill thi s re sp onsibility.
My judgment would
say t ha t t he cour se on whi ch you have embarked i s timely, s i gni f i cant ,
wl.,rthHhile--and I wi sh you welL
Six Current Phe nomena
NOvJ to t he se cond dimensi on of my assi gne d topic,
of Soci et y . 11
treatment.
If
The Mai n Di rections
'I'Lme obviously does not permit a fully ccmprehensive or exhaustive
vmat I have ele cted to do i s t o touch on selected phenomena of
�- 6t
h
econ
t
empo
r
a
rys
c
en
e,vh
i
chs
e
em t
oh
av
er
e
l
e
v
a
n
c
et
.ot
h
i
sp
a
r
t
i
c
u
l
a
rg
ruup
andC
u
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
, and c
i
t
eex
amp
l
e
swh
i
ch h
o
p
e
f
u
l
l
yw
i
l
lb
ea
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
et
o
you
ri
n
t
e
r
e
s
t
s
.
Af
i
r
s
tph
enom
enon wh
i
ch h
a
sv
i
t
a
ls
i
g
n
i
f
i
c
a
n
c
ef
o
ra
l
lcon
c
e
rn
edw
i
t
h
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
ni
st
h
emo
s
t e
x
p
l
o
s
i
v
en
a
t
i
o
n
a
lr
e
c
o
g
n
i
t
i
o
no
fandcomm
i
tm
en
tt
o
t
h
ec
o
n
c
e
p
to
fl
i
f
e
l
o
n
gl
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
,t
ot
h
en
o
t
i
o
nt
h
a
te
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
ni
sa c
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
n
g
andun
end
ing p
r
o
c
e
s
sn
o
tc
o
n
f
i
n
e
dt
ot
h
ec
l
a
s
s
r
o
omn
o
rr
e
s
t
r
i
c
t
e
db
yag
eo
r
e ~erience.
I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
so
fh
i
g
h
e
re
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
nt
h
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
tt
h
ec
o
u
n
t
r
yf
rom
t
h
el
a
r
g
e
s
tandmo
s
t s
o
p
h
i
s
t
i
c
a
t
e
du
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
yt
ot
h
esm
a
l
l
e
s
tl
i
b
e
r
a
la
r
t
s
s
c
h
a
u
lo
r co
rmnun
i
ty c
o
l
l
e
g
e
,b
et
h
e
yp
r
i
v
a
t
eo
rp
u
b
l
i
c
,a
r
ee
n
g
r
o
s
s
e
di
na
v
a
s
tr
e
d
e
f
i
n
i
t
i
o
no
ft
.h
eir e
d
u
c
a
t
i
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and
a
rdwh
i
ch ou
rs
o
c
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e
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yh
a
s com
et
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e
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t
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o
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r
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r
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o
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ing i
n
t
ot
h
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h
y
s
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c
a
l
and s
o
c
i
a
lc
h
a
l
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e
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e
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fm
o
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i
l
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t
y..II
�- 9D
r
.T
. .
W
c
lt
~
e
m
inen
t so
c
ia
ls
c
i
e
n
ti
s
ta
tth
e Un
i
v
e
rs
i
t
yo
f Ch
ic
ago
,
h
as c
i
t
edei
g
h
t issu
es a
sexw
np
les o
ft
h
er
u
r
a
llag
. Ve
r
yb
rie
f
lythes
ear
e
as f
'oLLows
:
L
T
h
e supp
r
ess
i
on o
fm
i
n
o
r
i
t
yg
rou
ps
. Ru
ra
lAm
e
r
i
c
ah
a
sal
o
n
g
h
i
s
t
o
r
yo
fk
eep
i
n
gt
h
edoo
ro
foppo
r
t
u
n
i
t
yc
l
o
s
e
dt
oN
eg
ro
es
oo
t
he
rm
ino
ri
t
yg
rou
ps
. A
cc
o
r
d
i
n
g
l
y
,t
h
ec
i
t
i
e
sh
av
e
and t
o
ff
e
redt
h
eo
n
l
yfa
c
i
l
em
o
b
ilit
ych
a
nn
e
ls f
o
rt
h
e
s
epeo
p
l
e
.
2.
P
ro
l
i
f
e
ra
t
i
o
no
fso
ci
a
ls
e
c
u
r
i
t
y
. N
at
i
o
n
a
lp
rog
r
amsa
r
e
expand
ingt
om
ee
t t
h
en
e
ed
so
ftho
s
eund
e
rs
choo
l
edand und
e
r
t
r
a
i
n
e
d
,l
a
r
g
e
l
ya
sa r
e
s
u
l
to
fin
ad
e
quac
i
es i
nr
u
r
a
l ~eri ca.
3.
Cop
ing w
i
t
hp
o
v
e
r
t
y• A
l
though h
r
i
c
ea
sm
anyfa
rm a
snon
f
a
rm
r
e
s
i
d
e
n
tsa
r
ep
o
o
r
,t
h
el
e
a
d
e
r
s
h
i
pfo
r publi
ca
ttac
k
s on
as com
ela
r
ge
l
yf
r
omu
rbanc
en
t
e
r
s
.
pov
e
r
ty h
4
.
The ove
rva
l
u
a
t
i
o
no
fm
a
t
eria
lt
h
ing
s. T
h
ere
c
o
rd o
fru
ra
l
d
ev
e
lopme
n
temph
a
ses s
t
r
o
n
g
l
ysu
gg
es
t
st
h
a
tr
u
r
a
lp
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l
e ov
e
r
v
a
lu
em
a
t
e
r
i
a
lt
h
i
n
g
s andund
e
rv
a
lue hmn
ana
b
i
l
i
t
i
e
sand
a
s
p
i
r
a
t
i
ons
.
5.
Inv
e
s
tm
en
ti
ns
c
hoo
ling
. A
cc
o
r
d
i
n
gt
onum
e
rous s
tU
d
i
e
s
,r
u
ra
l
r
e
s
i
d
e
n
t
sh
av
e beenfa
rl
e
ss w
il
l
ingt
od
ev
e
lo
p sa
t
i
s
f
ac
t
o
r
y
s
choo
lsys
t
e
m
s t
h
anh
av
et
h
e
i
ru
r
b
a
n co
unt
e
rpa
r
ts
.
6
.
H
igh
e
re
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
. A
l
though t
h
el
a
n
d
g
r
a
n
tsy
s
t
emh
a
sa
c
h
i
e
v
ed
n
o
t
a
b
le suc
c
es
s
,t
h
i
si
sow
ingmo
r
et
oi
n
n
o
v
a
t
i
o
na
tthe F
ed
e
r
a
l
l
e
v
e
lth
a
ntosu
pport a
t th
eS
t
a
t
ele
v
e
l
. F
ew
,i
f
any
,S
t
a
te
l
e
g
i
s
l
at
u
r
e
sp
rov
id
emo
r
et
h
an t
h
em
i
n
im
a
l su
pport n
eed
edfo
rt
h
e
m
a
in
t
enan
c
e and g
row
th o
fth
e
ir S
t
a
tec
o
l
l
e
g
es anduni
v
e
r
s
i
t
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e
s
,
�- 10-
7.
Prog
ress
i
v
e_
t
a
x
a
t
i
o
n
. A
sS
ch
u
l
t
zpoi
n
t
sou
t,thetask o
f
imp
rov
i
n
gou
r sy
s
t
emo
fp
r
o
gr
e
s
si
v
etax
at
i
o
nf
a
l
l
so
n cong
re
s
s
r
omu
r
ban ce
n
t
e
r
swi
t
hfa
rm
-o
r
i
en
ted congr
e
s
sm
engen
e
r
a
l
l
y
m
en f
oppo
sedt
osu
c
himp
rov
em
en
ts
. Th
el
o
o
phol
e
si
nth
etax s
tr
u
c
tu
re
pr
o
t
e
c
tlan
do
lvn
e
rs
, andthe
r
e al
s
ois m
u
chev
ide
n
c
et
h
a
tS
ta
te
and l
o
c
a
lt
a
x
e
stak
e ala
r
g
e
r sh
a
reo
fthei
n
c
o
m
e o
ft
h
e poo
r
t
h
an o
f the r
i
ch
.
8
.
Im
p
r
o
v
i
n
gt
h
ee
conom
iclo
to
fpoo
rp
eo
p
l
e
. M
in
imum wag
e
s,h
igh
p
ri
c
esu
ppo
rt
s
, con
tr
o
l
sove
rag
r
i
c
u
ltu
r
a
lp
r
oduc
t
i
on
, andthe
a
lloc
a
tio
no
fF
ede
r
a
lsub
sid
ie
s tof
a
r
me
r
s
a
l
lhav
e areg
r
e
ss
i
v
e
f
e
c
t upont
h
ee
conom
i
c\
-Te
ll-b
e
ing o
ft
h
e poo
r
.
ef
A
l
lw
ho a
r
eco
mmittedt
ot
h
eb
e
t
t
e
rm
en
to
f ag
ricu
l
tu
ra
lan
dru
ra
l America
mu
s
t s
h
a
r
et
h
erespon
s
i
bi
l
i
tyfo
r su
chla
g
. Be
t
t
e
rla
t
et
h
an no
ta
ta
ll
,
suchp
r
o
b
l
em
sa
r
e be
ingrecogn
iz
ed and a
c
tion p
rog
ram
sm
oun
tedtor
e
g
r
ess p
rio
r
e
r
r
o
r
s
. Ad
i
s
t
u
r
b
i
n
g~
e tion
r
evo
l
v
e
sar
o
undth
e que
s
t
i
o
no
fl
e
ad
e
rsh
ip
a
nd r
e
spon
s
i
b
i
l
it
y
, how
e
v
e
r, f
o
rt
h
o
s
et
r
ad
i
t
i
o
n
a
l
l
y andapprop
ri
a
te
l
y
i
d
e
n
t
i
f
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e
dw
it
hth
er
u
r
a
ls
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en
e
,i
n
c
l
u
d
i
n
gC
o
ll
e
g
e
so
fA
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
e
,t
e
n
dn
o
t
t
ob
e inth
efo
re
fro
n
t int
h
ec
u
r
r
e
n
tt
i
d
e
. A
s som
eh
av
e obse
r
v
ed
, wh
il
e
r
u
r
a
l co
mmun
i
t
ies an
dag
ri
c
u
lt
u
ra
ld
ev
elo
pm
en
t m
ad
e po
ss
i
bl
eth
etr
a
n
s
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
o
f kn
e
r
i
ca i
n
t
oanu
r
;b
an
iz
edi
n
dus
tr
i
a
l so
ci
e
t
y
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t m
aynowb
et
h
et
u
r
nfo
r
u
r
b
anAmer
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c
at
otr
a
nsfo
rmr
u
r
a
lAme
ri
c
aan
dm
ak
ei
tanin
t
e
g
r
a
lpa
rt o
ft
h
e
con
t
em
po
ra
ry s
c
en
e
.
u
r
th ph
enom
enonI sh
a
l
ll
a
b
e
l
,o
rg
a
n
iza
t
i
o
n
a
lan
di
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
on
a
l
T
h
efo
pr
o
li
f
e
r
a
t
i
o
nandch
a
o
s. T
h
is ph
enom
e
nonisp
erh
apsb
e
st i
l
l
u
s
tra
t
edbyth
e
l
ehav
ep
r
o
b
l
em
sbu
t un
iv
e
rs
i
t
i
e
sh
a
v
ed
epa
r
tm
en
ts
." P
r
o
b
lem
so
f
c
liche
; "Peop
t
h
econ
tem
po
ra
r
ys
c
e
n
ea
re u
su
a
l
l
yg
en
er
a
l andi
n
te
r
dep
end
en
ti
nn
a
tu
r
e.
�- 11 -
So
l
u
t
i
o
n
sd
e
s
ignedt
om
e
e
t t
h
e
s
eprob
lem
s
,how
ev
e
r,a
r
eu
s
u
a
l
l
ys
p
e
c
i
f
i
c and
un
r
el
a
t
ed. Toi
l
l
u
s
t
r
a
t
e
,p
robl
em
so
fr
u
r
a
lhous
i
nga
t on
c
e inv
o
l
v
eissu
es
o
fe
co
nom
i
c
s
,h
e
a
lth
, con
s
t
r
u
c
tion d
e
ta
i
l, po
li
ti
c
a
lrespons
i
b
i
l
i
ty
,and
so
c
i
o
l
o
gy. R
espon
s
ib
ilities
, how
e
v
e
r, a
ref
r
agm
en
tedandde
c
en
t
r
a
l
i
z
edi
n
p
r
i
v
a
te andpub
li
cfi
n
a
n
ci
a
li
n
s
t
i
t
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t
i
o
n
s,gov
ernm
en
t
a
l ag
en
ci
e
sand depa
r
tm
en
t
s
, and mu
l
ti
p
l
eu
r
r
i
.ve
r
sity d
epa
rtm
en
tsa
s wel
l
a
sp
r
i
v
a
t
eindu
s
tr
y
. \
'Th
e
re
do
e
st
h
em
ech
an
ismex
i
s
t fo
rb
ring
ingt
o
g
e
t
h
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rd
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en
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led
g
eresou
r
c
e
s
w
i
th t
h
em
u
l
t
ip
l
i
c
i
t
yo
fa
c
tion ag
en
c
i
e
st
om
ak
e a con
c
er
t edim
pac
t upon
i
n
a
d
equ
a
t
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ra
lhous
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ng
. Yo
uc
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t
emo
r
e p
o
i
gn
ant i
l
l
u
s
t
r
at
i
on
sthanI
o
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r
u
s
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r
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t
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o
n
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f su
chdi
s
c
on
tinu
ity i
nt
h
en
a
t
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r
eo
f prob
l
em
sand
so
lu
tion
s.
Two w
e
ek
s agoI m
e
tw
it
ha g
roup o
flead
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r
so
fthe app
leindu
s
t
ry
. T
he
i
r
s
in
g
l
econc
e
rn w
a
stotrytob
ringo
rd
e
rou
to
fthe c
h
aoti
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g
a
ni
z
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tio
n
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l
s
it
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a
tioni
nwhi
c
ht
h
ey foundt
~n el e
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t
hg
re
a
tn
um
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r
so
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mm
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rk
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ting
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at
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p
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r
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t
i
o
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s
,in
d
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s
t
r
yg
roup
s, co
mmi
s
s
i
o
n
s, andcou
n
c
il
s
and
a
tt
h
e st
a
te
, re
g
i
on
a
l
, and n
a
t
i
o
n
a
ll
e
v
e
l
s
;
/
t
h
es
t
r
a
i
ned r
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
h
i
p
s
b
e
tw
e
enp
r
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r
s
,p
roc
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o
r
s
,anddi
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
o
r
s
. A
s onef
a
rm
e
rme
r
ri
b
e
r
n
t
ed
, "Ev
e
r
yt
im
ew
ehav
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ro
b
lem
,t
h
eu
n
iv
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rs
i
t
yrecomm
end
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a
tH
e
c
omme
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p anot
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ro
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r comm
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e wi
t
hi
t
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e
'v
e s
e
t th
em
a
l
lu
p andw
e1r
ewo
r
s
eo
f
ft
h
a
nw
ew
e
r
e be
fo
re
.
"
Int
h
ev
a
s
tknow
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edg
er
e
sou
rces o
f OUT uni
v
e
r
s
iti
e
s
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e
r
em
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s
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g
n
ific
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n
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ie
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f know
l
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c
hc
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r
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t
h
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e
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rob
l
em
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f (a
;m
ob
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li
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rg
e
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tr
e
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our
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e
st
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e
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r on si
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n
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i
.
f
'Lca
r
r
t
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ns
,and (b
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i
n
k
i
ngthe en
er
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s0
ff
r
a
gme
n
t
ed
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ando
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z
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ti
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it t
h
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tm
any
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f
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s
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e po
litic
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o
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n
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t
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t
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ons s
e
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g
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l
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ra
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r
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r
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r
einc
reas
ing
ly d
i
s
flU
l
c
tio
n
al i
ncon
t
em
po
rar
y
�- 12n
l
es
sou
ri
n
t
e
l
l
e
c
t
u
a
lr
e
sou
r
ces ar
ed
i
r
e
c
t
edt
o
so
c
ie
ty
. U
n
til andu
p
ro
bl
e
m
ssuchasth
e
s
e
, thec
h
r
o
n
i
ci
n
e
q
u
i
t
i
e
so
fag
ricu
l
tu
ra
l andr
u
r
a
l
Am
erL
ca w
f
.L
l
.p
e
r
s
i
s
t
.
An
ex
tph
enom
enon t
owh
ich w
ew
i
ll t
u
r
nou
ra
t
t
e
n
t
i
o
nb
r
i
e
f
l
yis t
h
a
t
o
ft
h
ech
ang
ing n
a
t
u
r
e and r
o
l
eo
fag
ri
c
u
l
tu
r
ei
nou
ru
r
ba
n
i
z
i
n
gso
c
ie
ty
.
I
'
l
l
no
tb
e
l
a
b
o
rt
h
i
spo
i
n
ts
i
n
c
em
any o
f you a
r
ee
x
p
e
r
t on t
h
i
st
o
p
i
c
.
C
o
lleg
es o
f A
gr
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
ee
e r~
ere
ar
eeng
a
gedi
nex
e
r
c
i
ses d
es
i
gn
ed t
o
an
tic
i
p
a
t
et
h
eag
ric
u
l
tu
ra
lp
a
t
t
e
r
no
fa d
e
c
ad
eo
r twoi
nt
h
ef
u
t
u
x
e
. Wh
i
le
w
erecog
n
iz
etha
tth
e ch
an
g
es o
ft
h
e
s
en
ex
td
ec
a
d
es w
i
ll b
ed
rm
n
a
t
i
ci
n
de
e
d
,
i
t
wou
ld seemapp
ro
p
r
ia
tet
or
em
indou
r
se
l
v
es t
h
a
tp
r
o
b
a
b
l
y ou
rp
r
o
je
c
t
i
o
n
s
ar
eco
ns
e
r
v
a
t
i
ve•
i
ch
ig
an s
t
a
t
eU
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
'
sC
o
l
leg
eo
fAg
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
eh
a
sb
een
.
F
o
r ex
am
p
le
,M
s
ed i
n"P
ro
je
c
t t80
," a p
r
o
jec
t
i
o
no
fl
'
i
ich
iganag
ri
c
u
ltu
r
et
oth
e ye
a
r
en
g
ros
1980
. Am
o
n
gt
h
ep
ro
jec
t
i
o
n
si
sa dow
TIw
ar
dt
r
e
n
di
nd
a
i
r
ycownum
b
e
rs
. I
n
v
is
it
i
n
g\
'
i
i
t
han E
x
t
en
si
o
nd
air
y
m
an r
e
c
en
t
l
y
,h
ei
n
d
i
c
a
t
edt
h
a
tif d
a
iryCO\
'TS
con
tinu
et
od
e
c
l
i
n
ei
nt
h
en
e
x
t th
r
e
e yea
r
sa
tth
es
amera
t
ea
sla
s
ty
e
a
r
.
th
ec
own
um
b
e
rf
i
gu
r
epr
o
j
e
c
t
e
dfo
r 1980w
i
l
la
c
tu
a
ll
ybereach
edby 1970
.
O
ne c
o
u
l
dq
u
e
s
t
i
o
na
l
s
o wh
e
th
e
ro
r no
tw
e a
reim
ag
i
n
a
t
i
v
e enoughi
nou
r
t
h
o
u
gh
tsr
e
g
a
rd
ingt
h
ef
u
tu
re
. Us
u
a
l
l
y ag
ri
c
ul
t
u
ra
lp
r
o
j
e
c
t
i
o
n
st
e
nd t
od
ea
l
o
n
l
yI
'
l
i
t
hq
u
a
l
i
t
a
t
i
v
eo
r qu
a
n
t
i
t
a
t
i
v
e chan
g
es i
nt
r
a
d
i
t
i
o
n
a
lcommod
i
t
i
e
s o
r
en
t
e
r
p
ri
s
e
s
, ye
tt
h
e
r
ec
anb
e noassu
ranc
et
h
a
t su
chw
i
ll p
r
ev
a
i
l
. A
ga
i
n
u
s
i
n
gt
h
ed
a
i
r
yi
n
d
u
s
t
r
ya
s ane
a ~l e ,
th
e
rei
sm
u
ch e
v
i
d
enc
et
osugg
es
t
t
h
a
tt
h
ed
airy cow m
igh
tb
e
com
e econom
ic
a
l
l
y ob
sol
e
t
ebythey
e
a
r2
.000
.
I
fsu
ch shou
ld o
c
cu
r, r
a
t
he
rm
a
jo
r ad
ju
stm
en
tsw
i
l
lb
en
ec
ess
a
r
yi
nA
rn
e
r
i
can
f
a
rm
ing
.
�- 13 Projections of farmer nwribers consistently indicate a downward trend.
In one state, for example, where 93,000 farmers were reported in the 1965
census of agriculture, the projection is that only 40,000 will be farming
in 1980.
I am sure you have similar projections for Kentucky.
A pertinent question then for those of us concerned with agricultural
education is "Hho':Till be the 40,000 farmers actually farming fourteen years
hence?
Is there any way in whi ch they can be identified now so that
educational programs can be designed whi ch will be of maximum benefit to
them?"
Conversely, of course, we must be concerned educationally with those
now farming or who have intentions to farm who will not be in this 40,000
group a decade and a half from now.
But to the point of the "40,000 farmers," we do knoH certain things.
For example, it s eems fair to assume that most of the 40,000 are already
farming and will simply be fourteen years older and fourteen years more
experi enced in 1980.
The significant point from our standpoint is
Wha t
II
educational influences will be reflected in their farming operations and
ot he r aspects of their lives?"
Beyond this, we know that of the members of this 1980 group, those
not now farming are likely to be sons of farmers "rho are farming at present.
This suggests a doub Le-sbar-r-eLed concern educationally.
First, studies
consistently indicate that farm parents tend to attach less importance to
education for their youngsters than do non-farm parents.
This seems to be
particularly true if the farm sons have intentions to farm.
Secondly, studies
again consistently show that boys who plan to farm feel that education beyond
high school is relatively unimportant and have lower educational aspirations
than do farm boys with other occupational plans.
an obvious challenge.
This duo-situation presents
�-14Look
ing nowt
oe
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
lp
rog
r
am
sf
o
rt
h
i
s"1980f
a
rm
e
r
"g
roup
,I
wou
ld s
u
g
g
e
s
te
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
lp
rog
r
am
so
r
i
e
n
t
e
dt
oa
tl
e
a
s
tt
h
r
e
es
i
g
n
i
f
i
c
a
n
t
f
a
rm
e
rr
o
l
e
s•
F
i
r
s
t
, mo
s
t o
b
v
i
o
u
s
l
y
,i
st
h
er
o
l
ea
sf
a
rmo
p
e
r
a
t
o
r
. Con
t
inu
ing p
r
o
g
r
e
s
s
i
n.tec
nolo~
w
i
l
lr
e
q
u
i
r
eim
a
g
i
n
a
t
i
v
ee
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
lp
rog
r
am
st
oa
c
comp
l
i
sh
a
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
ni
ncomm
e
r
c
i
a
lf
a
rm
inge
n
t
e
r
p
r
i
s
e
s
. L
a
rg
es
c
a
l
e
,h
i
g
h
l
ys
p
e
c
i
a
l
i
z
e
d
en
t
e
rp
r
i
s
e
se
i
th
e
ra
sa t
o
t
a
lf
'a
r
rnc
p
e
r
a
t
i
ono
ra
s ap
a
r
to
fa l
a
r
g
e
rfa
rm
u
n
i
ts
u
g
g
e
s
tt
h
en
e
ed f
o
rs
p
e
c
i
a
l
i
z
e
dt
r
a
i
n
i
n
gb
o
t
hf
o
rt
h
ef
a
rmo
p
e
r
a
t
o
r
andf
o
rf
a
rmwo
rk
e
r
s
. Th
ep
a
t
t
e
r
na
l
r
e
a
d
ye
v
i
d
e
n
ti
nsom
el
a
r
g
ef
a
rm
ing
e
n
t
e
r
p
r
i
s
e
swou
ld s
u
g
g
e
s
tt
h
en
e
ed f
o
rh
i
g
h
l
ys
p
e
c
i
a
l
i
z
e
dp
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
,j
u
s
ta
s
i
si
n
c
r
e
a
s
i
n
g
l
yc
h
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
co
fb
u
s
i
n
e
s
s and i
n
d
u
s
t
r
y
. As
e
condc
r
i
t
i
c
a
l
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
ln
e
ed o
ff
a
rmo
p
e
r
a
to
r
s
,o
fc
o
u
r
s
e
,i
sf
o
rm
an
ag
e
r
l1
en
t t
r
a
i
n
i
n
g
.
I
ti
sa
p
p
a
r
e
n
tt
h
a
tt
h
e1980 f
a
rm
e
r,
,
,
illb
eas
k
i
l
l
e
dm
an
ag
e
r d
e
a
l
i
n
gw
i
t
h
f
a
rma
c
coun
t
s andb
u
s
i
n
e
s
sm
an
ag
em
en
t
, h
a
n
d
l
i
n
gmon
ey and c
r
e
d
i
t
,d
e
t
e
rm
i
n
i
n
g
t
h
er
e
l
a
t
i
v
ep
r
o
f
i
t
a
b
i
l
i
t
yo
fv
a
r
i
o
u
se
n
t
e
r
p
r
i
s
e
s
, comb
in
.
inganda
d
j
u
s
t
i
n
g
r
e
s
o
u
r
c
ei
n
p
u
t
s
,m
an
ag
ing o
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
sf
o
rt
a
xp
u
r
p
o
s
e
s
,e
t
c
.
\
,
·
J
b
i
l
ei
t
m
ay
-n
o
t
b
ep
r
o
p
e
rt
ot
h
i
n
ko
ft
i
l
e1980 f
a
rmo
p
e
r
a
t
o
ra
s a wh
i
.
t
;
ec
o
l
l
a
rv
ro
r
-ker
,
p
e
rh
ap
sv
r
it
.hou
tn
e
c
k
t
i
e
,i
t
do
e
ss
e
emim
p
o
r
t
a
n
tt
oh
av
ei
nm
ind anim
ag
e
o
fa f
a
rmo
p
e
r
a
t
o
ri
n1980 a
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
et
ot
h
es
c
a
l
eo
fe
n
t
e
r
p
r
i
s
eand
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
nwh
i
ch w
ill c
h
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
z
es
u
c
c
e
s
s
f
u
lcomm
e
r
c
i
a
lf
a
rm
e
r
sa
tt
h
a
tt
im
e
.
Th
eo
p
e
r
a
t
o
ro
fa comp
a
r
ab
l
em
anu
f
a
c
tu
r
ing o
rr
e
t
a
i
l
i
n
go
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
nw
c
,u
ld n
o
t
b
e runn
inga l
a
t
h
eo
rpu
sh
ing a b
room
.
As
e
conds
i
g
n
i
f
i
c
a
n
tr
o
l
et
owh
i
ch e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
lp
rog
r
am
s shou
ldb
ed
i
r
e
c
t
e
d
i
st
h
a
to
f connnun
i
tyl
e
a
c
l
e
r
. Th
i
sr
e
l
a
t
e
st
ot
h
ei
n
c
r
e
a
s
i
n
gcon
c
e
rnf
o
rt
h
e
q
u
a
l
i
t
yo
fr
u
r
a
ll
i
f
e
. Wh
en f
a
rm
sa
r
el
o
c
a
t
e
di
np
r
o
x
im
i
t
yt
ou
rb
an and
m
e
t
r
o
p
o
l
i
t
a
n a
r
e
a
s
,lUC
JS
to
ft
h
eadv
an
t
ag
e
so
fanu
r
b
a
n
i
z
i
n
gs
o
c
i
e
t
ya
r
e
e
q
u
a
l
l
ya
v
a
i
l
a
b
l
et
of
a
rmand non
f
a
rmr
e
s
i
d
e
n
t
s
. How
ev
e
r
, wh
en f
a
rm
ing
,
.
�-i
s-
is co
ndu
ctedi
nsp
a
r
s
e
l
ypopu
la
ted
. ev
enp
o
p
u
l
a
t
ion dec
lin
ing a
r
eas as
i
n
e
v
i
t
a
b
l
yi
st
r
u
ei
nm
a
n
y i
n
s
t
a
n
c
e
s
, sp
eci
a
l con
s
i
d
e
r
a
t
i
o
nmus
tb
eg
iv
en
top
rov
id
ingt
h
ee
l
em
en
ts\
.;rh
ich con
s
titut
eth
e "goo
dl
i
f
e
"t
o
d
ay
. Th
is
,
I ams
u
r
e,i
st
r
u
ei
np
a
r
t
so
fK
en
tu
cky andt
h
eSou
th
,j
u
s
ta
si
t
isi
n
m
a
n
y a
r
e
a
so
ft
h
eM
idw
e
s
t, G
r
e
a
tP
l
a
i
n
s
, Sou
th
'
l
ies
tandF
a
rW
e
s
t
.
H
ow c
an
ed
u
c
a
tion
a
l,h
e
a
l
th
, so
c
ia
l
,p
r
o
t
e
c
t
i
v
e
,s
e
r
v
i
c
e
, cu
ltu
ra
l op
p
o
r
t
u
n
i
t
i
es be
ailab
l
e
, adequ
a
t
ei
nbot
hqua
n
t
i
t
yandqu
alit
y
. S
tud
i
e
sv
Toul
dsug
g
e
st
m
a
d
e av
qu
it
ec
u
n
v
i
n
c
i
n
g
l
yt
h
a
tr
u
r
a
lco
mmun
i
t
i
es i
ng
ene
r
a
la
re "
d
i
s
a
dva
n
t
ag
ed
"a
s
r
e
ga
r
d
st
h
es
i
g
n
i
f
i
ca
n
te
lem
en
ts r
e
l
a
t
e
dt
ot
h
e qu
a
lity o
fhum
anl
i
f
e
.F
a
rm
eshou
ldb
es
en
s
i
t
i
v
et
ot
h
i
ss
i
t
u
a
t
i
o
nand equ
ipp
edt
ocop
ew
i
t
hi
t
peo
pl
e
ffec
ti
v
e
ly
.
F
in
a
ll
y
,1w
ou
l
ds
UGge
s
t ed
uca
t
i
ona
lp
rogrm
f
i
s re
l
a
t
e
dt
ot
h
es
i
g
n
i
f
i
c
a
n
t
ro
l
eo
ffa
r
mpeop
l
e as f
a
r
mspok
e
sm
en
. Q
,u
i
t
e app
rop
ri
a
te
lyt
h
e spo
ke
s
m
en
rAm
ericanf
a
r
m
ingshou
ldbe f
a
rm
e
r
s
. A
sthe so
ci
o
-econom
i
c
p
o
l
itic
a
lsc
en
e
fo
co
n
t
i
n
u
e
st
och
an
ge i
nt
h
eu
r
b
a
n
i
z
i
n
gp
r
oc
ess
,sof
a
rmspok
e
sm
enmus
tal
s
o
e
. E
conom
i
c
ch
ang
ro ~
and a
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
e
'
sp
l
a
c
ew
i
t
h
i
ni
t
,s
h
i
f
t
i
n
gp
o
p
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
an
dl
abo
rf
o
r
c
ep
a
t
t
er
n
s
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ppo
r
t
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ent o
fl
e
g
is
la
t
u
r
e
s
,i
n
t
e
r
r
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
h
i
p
s
o
fth
ew
o
rld co
mmun
it
y
-t
h
e
s
eand o
t
h
e
rd
ev
e
lo
pm
en
ts a
l
lh
av
e si
g
n
if
ican
ce
fo
r fa
rmp
eo
pl
e
. P
ro
f
e
s
s
o
rT
. T
N
. S
c
h
u
l
t
zh
as o
b
s
e
r
v
e
d 'CF
o
p
l
e and t
h
e
i
r
a
rmpe
lead
e
r
sa
r
eno
ti
ng
ene
ra
l conv
e
rsan
t w
i
thth
ei
d
eas
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h
ep
h
i
l
o
so
ph
i
c
a
lb
a
s
i
s
an
dh
i
s
t
o
r
i
c
a
lp
rocess
e
st
h
a
ta
r
ep
a
r
tandp
a
r
c
e
lo
ft
h
eu
r
b
a
n
i
z
a
t
i
o
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in
du
s
t
r
i
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
no
f,
;.;rh
i
c
hmod
e
rn a
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
eis ani
n
t
e
g
r
a
lpa
r
t. Th
es
c
i
e
n
t
i
f
i
c
an
dtechn
o
l
o
g
i
ca
lknow
led
ge und
e
r
l
y
i
ng mod
e
rn ag
r
i
cu
l
t
u
r
e is w
e
l
l un
d
e
r
s
t
o
o
d
by f
a
rmp
eop
le
, bu
tt
h
e ch
anging so
c
i
a
lande
cono
m
i
c f
r
am
ewo
rkis s
till l
a
r
g
e
l
y
int
h
er
e
a
l
mo
fmy
th
." D
r. Jam
es T
. B
onn
en,a
g
r
i
c
u
l
tu
ra
le
co
no
m
i
s
ta
t i
Mch
ig
an
st
a
teU
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
y andr
e
ce
n
tm
emb
e
r o
ft
h
eP
re
s
i
d
e
n
t's Coun
c
i
lo
fE
conom
ic
�- 16 Adv isors , has summariz ed the s ituat ion i n this way :
"In my op i ni on, f our
sets of f act s dumi nate any r eal ist ic desc r ipt i on of the scene in ag r icul t ure
t oday :
"1 .
The power struct nre of thi s soc iety ha s bee n tr ansformed and the
p ol i t ical l e ad e r s hip of agr i cult ure has eit her not awakened t o
t hi s f a ct or, trapped by it s own mythologie s i s unable , even
unwill ing . t o adapt or gani zation , poli cie s and tac t i c s to be
ef f ec t i ve in the new p ol i t ic al reality.
" 2.
The commercial ag r i cultural p ower' s t r uct ure ha s r eache d a s tat e
of extreme organizat ional fragmentat ion , a nd it s l eade r shi p i s
so engr ossed in internecine warfare that t he se f ragme nted el ements
of
c o~nercial
agriculture are themselves co ntributing gr eat l y to
ge neral erosi on of the political p ower whi ch together t he y exert .
"3.
The underlying web of interdep endent commer c i al , governmental,
p ol i t i cal and educat i onal organi zations in the s er vice of
ag r i cult ure are chang i ng and no longer a r e a s effective as once
they vler e in i dentifying a nd s olving t he p roblems of rural life .
The or gani za tional system i n a gri culture i s b ecomi ng social ly
d L sf'unc t Lona.l ,
"4.
With f ew excepti ons, i n any direction you look, t here ar e rising
l evel s of co nfli ct, t ens i on , and mount i ng evi de nc e of vmat can
only be described a s a spectacular fai l ure of l eader ship.
The
ge ne rat ion of i ndividual s who now man these organizat ions do not
unde r stand their dependence one upon anot he r , nor do they perceive
the changi ng situati on of t heir s ist er instituti ons well enough
to be able to r elate themsel ves i n a ma nner tha t avoi d s unnece s s ary
conf l ict .
They are t hus led i nto mut ual l y s elf-destr uct i ve
patte r ns of behavior."
�-17D
r. C
.E
. Bi
shopo
fNo
r
th C
a
r
o
l
i
nast
a
t
eUni
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
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ewE
x
e
c
u
t
iv
e
D
ir
e
c
t
o
ro
ft
h
eP
r2
s
i
d
e
n
ttsCommi
s
s
i
o
non Ru
r
al P
o
v
e
r
t
y
,h
a
ss
a
i
d
: "M
o
s
t
pu
bl
i
ca
f
f
a
i
rs p
rog
ram
so
ft
h
elan
d
-g
ran
tu
n
i
v
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rs
i
t
i
es r
e
ma
i
nre
l
a
t
i
ve
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y
in
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e•
•
.
t
h
eco
ll
e
g
e
so
f ag
ri
c
u
ltu
r
ec
a
ntakeli
tt
l
ep
r
i
d
ei
nth
e m
e
ag
e
r,
i
r
r
e
so
lu
tep
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r
am
s wh
i
ch th
ey h
av
e dev
el
o
p
ed•
••
.
To f
a
i
lt
od
ev
e
lo
pp
r
og
r
a
m
s
wh
i
ch an
ti
c
i
p
a
t
ether
e
a
ln
eed
so
fthep
eopl
eist
ound
erm
in
ep
u
b
l
ic con
f
id
en
c
e
i
nt
h
eu
n
iv
e
rs
i
t
i
es
.
"
T
h
ee
x
t
e
n
tt
owh
i
ch such a s
i
t
u
a
tion ex
i
s
tsisi
na s
en
s
eanin
d
ic
tm
en
t
o
fed
u
c
a
t
i
o
nina
ric
lt ~ e
i
nth
ep
a
s
t and an obvi
o
u
sch
a
lleng
etod
ayand
tomo
r
ro
-w
.
T
hef
in
a
l ph
enom
enon w
i
th w
hi
c
hw
e,r
i
ll d
e
al i
st
h
a
twh
i
chI sh
a
ll la
b
e
l
t
h
econ
c
e
rnf
o
rt
h
em
ann
e
ro
f l
i
v
ing o
rth
e qua
l
i
t
yo
flif
e
. Is
en
s
et
h
a
t
mod
e
rnAm
eri
c
an
sa
r
ef
i
ndi
n
gt
h
a
tt
h
eo
l
dco
ncep
to
fs
t
and
a
r
do
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i
n
g
u
s
u
a
l
l
y con
c
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v
edi
ntan
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b
l
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dm
at
e
r
i
a
l
i
s
t
i
ct
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rm
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r ad
eq
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at
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od
es
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r
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b
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r hum
anasp
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tion
s
. In
cr
e
a
s
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g
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ea
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e con
c
e
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e
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i
t
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h
e
q
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a
l
i
t
yo
ft
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ic
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ton
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e ev
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e
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e
. Su
ch con
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rn is
~e
o
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ed
e
ra
lp
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o
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r
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t
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s.
l
l
us
tra
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i
.L
l
,b
e th
r
e
einnumb
e
r.
t
.
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yi
sth
ep
Y
r
am
id
ing con
c
ernfo
rt
h
eq
u
a
lit
yo
f ou
r envi
ronm
en
t
.
firs
t, i
'
·rea
r
e in
c
r
eas
i
ng
l
yc
o
n
s
c
i
ou
so
fth
ei
n
f
l
u
e
n
c
eo
fenv
ironm
en
t upon th
eq
u
a
lit
y
o
fo
u
rd
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il
yl
i
v
e
s
,wh
e
th
e
r it be r
e
f
l
ec
tedin p
rog
r
am
so
fu
rb
anr
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n
e
wa
l
,
h
ous
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ng dev
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l
o
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n
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i
ghw
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c
a
t
i
o
n
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i
ro
rw
at
e
rp
o
l
l
u
t
i
on
. In
T
h
e Qu
i
e
tC
ri
s
i
s
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e
c
r
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t
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r
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dal
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r
v
es I
tAm
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ic
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ys
tan
d
s po
is
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OD
ap
inn
a
cle o
f w
e
a
l
t
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r. Y
e
tw
el
i
v
ei
na l
a
n
do
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n
i
s
h
i
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e
au
t
y
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o
fi
n
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g ug
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ess
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ri
n
k
i
n
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en sp
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c
e
, ando
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e
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ll env
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t
t
h
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ti
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im
ini
s
h
ed d
ail
ybYp
a
l
lu
ti
o
nandnoi
s
eand b
ligh
t.
It A
sv
re s
ol
v
eon
e
�-1
8p
ro
b
.L
em i
nag
r
i
c
u
l
tu
r
et
h
r
o
u
gh cr
e
a
t
i
o
no
fa n
ev
rp
e
s
t
i
ci
d
eo
r an i
n
du
st
r
y
rou
gh'
:
J
a
s
te d
i
s
p
os
a
l,vetendt
oc
r
e
a
t
eo
th
er
sandw
h
i
.L
ethe ge
n
i
u
so
f
th
Am
e
r
ic
ante
chnolC
i
gy is d
i
r
e
c
t
e
dt
ot
h
ebe
tte
rm
en
to
fl
i
f
efo
r m
an
, Q
u
a
l
i
t
y
i
nt
h
i
sl
i
f
eise
l
u
s
iv
e
.
T
h
er
o
l
eo
ft
h
eU
ni
v
er
s
i
t
yi
nt
.h
eenv
i
ronm
en
t
a
lf
i
e
l
dise
v
o
l
v
i
n
g
.
W
i
th t
h
ed
emon
s
t
ra
t
edexp
eri
e
n
ce and su
c
c
e
s
so
fc
o
l
l
e
g
es o
f ag
ricu
l
t
u
r
ei
n
t
h
eeDv
i
ronm
en
ta
lre
l
a
t
i
onsh
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ps o
f m
a
l
lw
i
th n
a
t
u
r
a
lr
e
s
o
u
r
ces
,wh
a
to
ppo
r
tun
ities
e
x
i
s
tf
o
rt
h
e
se co
lleg
e
st
ocon
tinu
e an
daga
i
nd
emons
t
r
a
te l
e
a
d
e
r
sh
i
pint
h
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ap
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
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ig
n
i
f
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c
a
n
tenv
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t
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lpr
o
b
l
e
m
s
.
~cond ,
i
n
c
reas
i
n
grecogn
i
t
i
onis be
ing g
iv
en t
ot
h
em
u
ltip
lic
ity o
f
in
f
l
u
en
ces o
ft
h
ed
ev
e
lo
pm
e
n
to
fyoung peop
l
e
. I
no
t
h
e
rwo
r
ds
,w
ea
r
e
b
eg
i
n
n
i
n
gt
oappr
e
c
i
a
t
et
h
e"
e
x
t
e
n
to
fth
eg
a
l
a
z
y
"o
f th
e un
iv
e
rse o
f
edu
c
a
ti
o
n
. Inc
r
eas
i
n
g
l
yw
eapp
rec
ia
teth
a
t th
e
r
e ar
eth
reem
a
jor i
n
f
lu
ences
e
s
so
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e
lo
pm
e
n
t: (
a
)i
n
f
l
u
e
n
c
eo
fhom
e and f~lily,
inthe p
ro
c
(b
)i
n
f
l
u
e
n
c
eo
fs
cho
o
l, and (c
)i
n
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l
u
en
c
eo
ft
h
ecommun
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ty\
-d
thth
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t
i
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t
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e
i
g
h
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o
r
s
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t
c. wh
i
ch a
r
ea pa
r
to
f
v
i
t
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lcommun
i
tyl
i
f
e
. Ou
r con
ce
rnis b
o
t
hw
i
th t
h
ef
a
c
to
fth
em
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t
ip
l
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t
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o
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n
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l
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e
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it
hQU
a
lit
yJ
fe
a
ch o
ft
h
e
s
ei
nt
h
ed
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lopm
e
n
to
fyoung
p
eo
p
le
.
I
n
c
r
e
as
i
ng ev
i
d
enc
e su
gg
e
ststh
a
t th
e"
p
r
o
b
l
empeopl
e
"C
i
f soc
ie
ty (
t
ha
t
is
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o
s
ew
hofa
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lt
ope
r
fo
rmt
h
ep
rodu
c
ti
v
ero
l
es'
'
s
r
h
ichsoc
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ty expe
c
t
so
f
th
em
)
,a
r
et
h
eres
u
l
to
f in
ad
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a
t
e hom
ean
df
am
i
l
ys
itu
a
ti
o
n
s
. O
pe
r
a
t
i
o
n
H
ead
s
ta
rt is based on ev
id
en
ceth
a
t age
-fi
v
eis t
o
ola
t
efo
ro
u
t
si
d
ei
n
f
l
u
en
ce
t
oo
ve
rcom
etheim
pac
to
ft
h
e pa
ren
ta
l andhom
es
i
t
u
a
t
i
o
n
. Th
eb
e
st e
f
fo
rt
s
o
f sch
oo
ls
,s
o
c
i
a
lw
e
lfa
re ag
en
c
i
es
,andc
o
r
r
e
c
t
i
o
n
a
li
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
ons c
an
no
t
Civ
e
r
com
et
h
ed
e
b
i
l
i
t
a
t
i
ng i
n
f
l
u
enc
eo
fapoo
r hom
e
, as
i
t
u
a
t
i
on no
tn
e
cessa
r
i
l
y
r
r
e
l
a
t
e
dw
ith fo
rm
a
ledu
ca
t
iono
ri
n
c
om
el
e
v
e
l
.
co
�-1
9Ac
c
e
p
t
i
n
gt
h
i
sincon
te
x
t, su
chrecog
n
i
t
i
on wou
ld se
emt
oa
f
f
o
r
da
r
t
u
n
i
tyfo
rp
r
o
fe
s
s
i
o
n
a
l edu
cat
o
r
ss
u
ch a
s hom
eeconom
i
s
t
s
go
ld
en o
p
po
committ
e
dt
ot
h
ei
ro ~
e nt
o
ff
am
i
l
yl
i
f
e
. I fea
r, hOH
ev
e
r
,t
h
a
tth
e
p
ro
f
e
s
s
i
o
ni
sle
t
t
i
n
gt
h
i
s oppo
r
t
u
n
i
t
yp
a
ssi
t
bya
si
t
d
rif
ts b
es
i
d
eth
e
m
a
in
s
t
reamo
fbo
t
ht
h
ein
t
e
llec
tu
a
landpr
o
g
r
am a
c
t
ion w
o
r
l
d
s_ Hom
ee
conom
i
c
s
edu
c
a
ti
o
ninh
i
gh schoo
ls
~e
gen
e
ra
l
lyi
n
e
ffe
c
t
iv
e
. So
c
ia
lw
e
l
far
eand
reha
b
i
l
i
ta
ti
o
nprog
r
am
s gen
e
ra
lly a
r
eno
tb
a
s
ed on m
ode
rn conc
e
p
t
so
ff
am
il
y
l
i
v
i
n
g
. Wi
t
ht
o
ofe
'
dex
c
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Across t he count ry the 4- i-1 Cl ub pr ograrn of Exten sion i s t aking on a ne w
l ook .
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and a ctivities are be i ng initiated.
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generate incre a s ed support nat i onally to dramat ical ly expand t he 4-H program.
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t his as highl y desirab l e and I s upport it f ull y , but this does leave unanswered
the quest i on of t he univer sity's total r ole in youth development.
Nowhere in
enab l ing legislati on for Extension, for exampl e , do I find the p r ono uncement,
"Thou shalt conduct a 4- H Program, with pr oj e cts , report forms, blue ribbons,
a nd trip s."
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t o enhance the ve llbe i ng of young pe opl e .
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educat i onal effort ha s it been determined that in order to r e ceive the
educat ional benefi t s of t he uni ve rs i ty, t he cli ent mus t joi n a gr oup , l earn
a pl edge, s i ng a s ong, a t tend a mee t ing , and compl ete a rep or t.
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youth phase of Extension' s educati onal a ctivities have such condit ions been
pres cr ibed .
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at al l the 4-II Club program as it i s or as it wi l l be .
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j ust i f i cat i on t oday f or a 4-H type p rogram t ha n ever befor e .
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rather i s to emphasiz e t hat ther e are "more I'ray s than one to skin a cat" and
t ha t there are more ways t han the complex organi zat i onal pat t er n of 4-H for
t he kn owledge resour ce s of the univer sit y t o be benefi cial t o young people.
I n t he 1963 Na t i onal Conferenc e on Rura l Youth , ten central i s sue s were
i dentifie d.
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only if some one cares .•• Apat h etic me n ac c omp l ish nothing .
i n nothing, change nothing for t he be t ter .
one ~ l east o f all t h emselves . "
Men who b elieve
They renew nothing and heal no
In y our dedicat i on to " helping p eople he lp
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
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Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
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The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
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Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
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application/pdf
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eng
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JCPA-01
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1938-2012
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
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The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
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JCPA-01_1966-12-07_RMawby_SPE
Title
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Russell Mawby speech, Kentucky in Relation to the Main Directions of Society
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given December 7, 1966 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Annual Conference Program of the Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
Charities
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Education
Language
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eng
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Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
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1966-12-07
Format
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application/pdf
Type
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Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/517c33b71ebce66f4fbc2a5b31e834b8.pdf
7e4e4353f3ec739b5813c7c600d24ac7
PDF Text
Text
CONTINUING EDUCATION:
A LOOK TO THE FUTURE
Remarks by Dr. Russell G. Mawby
President, W. K. Kellogg Foundation
California State Polytechnic College - Kellogg West Dedication
December
6, 1971
I
Thank you for privilege of participating in this dedication of Kel l ogg
t h e Center of Cont inu i ng Education for the Ca l i f or ni a State Col l eg e Sy s t em .
is always a pleasure to visit Cal Poly.
~Test,
It
In my seven years with the Foundati on I
have had the opportunity of b e i n g here a number (If times; s pec i al pleasure..--not only
California but throughout the count ry .
One such visit in 1966 with Dr. Emory ¥
Morris (special greetings) when idea of this Center fir st discussed; Ar-abian
Committee soon after Kramer came as Vice President.
Much has t r ans pi r ed :
Many groups --
Many people
Trustees
Public officials in government - Legislative & Executive
Staf f in Chanc el l or 's office
Cal Poly Family
Faculty and administrative personnel of this institution
and others of the System
Community organization ... business and Lnds utry _. 'Tho
helped finance
But a few individuals stand out Juli an Mc Phe e , a great leader, a solid educ at or, a real do-ce.r
Poly Vue 1965 Voorhis Caro~us (K. Kitch)
Glen Dumke
Bob Kr-amerJ ohn O'Hara
to all, individually and collectively - express compliments of Foundation
on this occasion
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19
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Mos t of the r equ e s t s our Foundation receives in continuing educat i on have goals
of findi ng out morF:' a"bout a problem, of comp:'eting another study as a basis for
possible a ction , rather than really doing something about it , based upon the
wealth of knowledge and experienc e cur r ent l y availab l e to us.
With r e f er enc e , t he r e f or e , to a systematic implementat ion of the concept
of lifelong learning--the needs are apparent, we have the kn ow-how for substantial
progress , we need only get on with it!
On thF:' oc casion of this dedi c at ion of your Kel l ogg West, we wish yo u of
the State College System well in your efforts .
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
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Text
Identifier
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JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
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JCPA-01_1971-12-06_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Continuing Education: A Look to the Future
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given December 6, 1971 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at California State Polytechinic College for the dedication of Kellogg West.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
Charities
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Education
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1971-12-06
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/92b84465fd06bf35f7666b5afb196eab.pdf
7c54f66d0dc8ce0804e70c838a763f24
PDF Text
Text
TODAY'S FOUNDATION IN TOMORROW'S WORLD
Remarks by Russell G. Mawby, President,
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
at the
21st Annual Conference of National Council on Philanthropy
Washington, D.C.
December 5, 1975
I
It is a privilege indeed for me to be a part of the
program of this 21st Conference of the National Council on
Philanthropy.
I have
perso~ally
benefitted greatly from
participating in the conference sessions this week and I
welcome this opportunity of sharing with you some thoughts
in the waning moments of our meeting together.
Certainly the theme for this conference, "Philanthropy
and Government," is both significant and timely.
As we ob-
serve our nation's Bicentennial, it is appropriate to remind
ourselves that voluntary giving--of time, talent, money--is
an American phenomenon which characterizes our society.
From
the days of earliest settlement, we have endorsed and employed
a pluralistic approach in meeting societal goals, mobilizing
both private and public resources.
In these three days
together it has been encouraging to hear spokesmen from both
the private and public sector reaffirm this historic commitment
and endorse efforts to further strengthen the private sector
�and enhance the private-public relationship that the best
interests of our people may be served.
II
I have been asked by your Program Committee to comment
on "Today's Foundation in Tomorrow's World."
To be more pre-
cise, I will be limiting my comments to private grant-making
foundations.
This emphasis is in no way intended to depreciate the importance of any of the others.
In fact, there is great tempta-
tion, for example, to give particular attention to the some 250
community foundations throughout our country, a group of foundations whose future seems particularly bright.
An efficient and
effective means of mobilizing private resources to serve local
needs, these foundations are serving very useful purposes in
their respective communities.
It seems safe to predict that
community foundations -- for various reasons, including their
favored position under current tax law -- will become increasingly
important in the philanthropic scene.
In addressing our attention to today's private grant-making
foundatiotis and the challenges of tomorrow, there is an almost
automatic inclination to recite again the unique characteristics
of these philanthropic entities; to record once more their
contributions in the past and at present; to chide them yet
again to be more responsive, creative, innovative, risk-taking,
accountable, somehow accommodating to critics of all persuasions
2
�who admonish them for being both too conservative and too
activist -- and, in looking to tomorrow, to run off yet another
list of the critical issues on the agenda of mankind.
To do
so with this group, however, would seem to serve little useful
purpose.
As beneficiaries, stewards and/or students of private
foundations, you have a degree of knowledge about them.
realize that private foundations
You
(actually private resources
which are voluntarily and irrevocably committed to public
benefit) are but one small part of the private voluntary sector,
simply a legal mechanism by which the fruits of the free enterprise system can be systematically directed to social benefit
through private voluntary initiative.
All of us here are con-
cerned with the continuing vitality of private philanthropy and
recognize that, whether donee or donor, our futures are inextricably
entwined.
It is to that future which I propose to direct our
attention in the most candid and pragmatic terms.
III
The title of my remarks "Today's Foundation in Tomorrow's
World" has a somewhat prophetic quality.
In the first place,
it is sobering to realize that the only private foundations
in tomorrow's world already exist today.
Under current tax law,
the birth rate of new foundations is virtually zero, the few
exceptions being essentially those for which irrevocable instruments had been drawn pre-TRA-69.
3
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4
�Many of today's foundations -- the W. K. Kellogg Foundation
being but one e xample -- started as small foundations which
later received substantial assets from the donor and/or his
estate.
Many of the smaller foundations of today were created
with the same intent.
However, because of the several dis-
incentives of TRA-69, no significant amount of new capital will
now flow into these foundations.
But the most debilitating provision of the current Code is
Section 4942, which requires that private foundations payout
for their charitable purposes each year the greater of net income
or 6 percent of the market value of their assets.
Investment
managers know that historically portfolios produce less than
6 percent, actually over the long term somewhere closer to
3.5 or 4 percent.
Thus, to meet this excessive payout require-
ment, foundation managers must consistently invade their corpus,
thus continually eroding away the productive base on which their
philanthropic activities depend.
This is an unsound practice
in the prudent fiscal management of private entities and will
progressively impair the effectiveness of all foundations.
Let me illustrate the impact of the present payout requirement using the foundation with which I am associated .
From
its inception in 1935 through its 1976 fiscal year, the W. K.
Kellogg Foundation Trust will have made actual distribution
of $29 6 million for charitable purposes.
If the distribution
requirements of TRA-69 had been in effect during those 42 years
5
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7
�or best interests of the private foundation field at large.
To its great credit, the Council on Foundations appreciates
this diversity among foundations and in its public statements
and testimony conscientiously reflects the broad range of
private foundation interests.
One such excellent example is
the report which the Council submitted to the Filer Commission
for use in their deliberations.
IV
While this assessment of today's foundation in tomorrow's
world may have a gloomy complexion, it is sharply brightened
by two realizations:
First, the agenda of pressing human issues deserving the
best efforts of both private and public resources is long and
urgent.
I n recent years, as government has grown ever larger
and more encompassing at all levels, some have seen the public
tax-supported sector as the ultimate architect and engineer
in all programs of social purpose.
This contrasts with the
tested tradition of the American experience -- the mutually
beneficial relationships of public and private enterprise in
serving the best interests of our nation and its people.
But there is now a growing awareness among our citizens
that burgeoning governmental programs and bureaucracies, ever
greater outpourings of governmental funds are not fulfilling
our nation's goals.
Simultaneously in the voluntary sector,
programs and professionals are becoming more sophisticated,
8
�responding in more adequate ways to the complex problems of
society.
The varied talents of volunteers are being effectively
utilized in more sensitive and valuable services which meet
human needs.
Often working in concert, public and private
efforts--in health care, education, libraries, services for
the elderly and the handicapped, youth-serving organizations,
church-related activities, special needs of minorities, cultural
arts--are better meeting human needs than could either alone.
Voluntary giving -- of time, talent, money -- will continue
to be an important ingredient in the betterment of the human
condition, enhancing recipient and giver alike.
Common sense tells us that the future will be even more
demanding of individuals and institutions than the past.
In
the spirit of this conference, the best of both the private
and the public will be required.
Hopefully private initiative
and voluntary effort will be permitted and encouraged to play
a major and appropriate role in the future as in the past.
Second, though certain provisions of TRA-69 are proving
counter-productive to the best interests of society by impacting negatively on philanthropy, the law can be modified.
Experience over the past six years provides a basis for careful review and revision through the Congressional process.
Unhappily, to date in the crowded agenda of priorities
confronting Congress, the subject of tax reform has received
scant attention.
And when tax matters are addressed, the
9
�concerns of philanthropy have not ranked high.
Hopefully,
concerted effort by such as the group assembled here will
result in further consideration of these matters by Congress.
I would emphasize that my concern rests not alone with private
foundations, but with all policy issues and laws which bear on
the private nonprofit sector.
For example, we must be vigilant
that further damage is not done through changes which could
negatively affect charitable giving by altering the charitable
deduction or discouraging gifts of appreciated assets.
One hoped-for objective of the Commission on Private
Philanthropy and Public Needs is to stimulate a systematic
rethinking by the American people of the role of the private
nonprofit sector.
The analyses and recommendations of the
Commission provide useful and stimulating insight and can
serve as the basis for reappraisal, not only at the national
level but at the grass roots.
assembled
1S
The challenge to the group here
to help this happen across the land.
Let's not
miss this opportunity!
In summary, if private foundations are to be an important
part of tomorrow's world, serious thought should be given to
the following:
1.
The provisions of TRA-69 which impact negatively and
discriminate against private foundations should be modified.
As recommended by the Council on Foundations in their report
to the Fi.ler Commission, there should be a reduction of the 4 %
10
�excise tax, which diverts money from donees; an adjustment of
the required annual payout; removal of special limitations on
gifts to foundations; adjustments in certain divestiture requirements; and an easing of certain program restrictions.
2.
Diversity among private foundations should be pre-
served and encouraged.
Fortunately, all do not have the same
purposes, areas of interest, style of operation, or sphere of
activity.
Such variety, with responsible stewardship by
conscientious trustees and managers and with appropriate
supervision in the public interest, serves donees and society
as well.
Certainly private foundations must be responsive to
the issues and needs identified in the Donee Group report to the
Filer Commission and presented in the panel on Wednesday, but
these areas of attention should not be exclusive.
Other eligible
donee groups, described by some as traditional -- the United
Way, the Boy Scouts, 4-H, the symphony, hospitals and homes for
the elderly, colleges and universities, both public and private
should not be denied continuing private sustenance.
3.
Constraints and regulation, whether by governmental
edict or self-imposed by the field, should be kept to a minimum.
Again assuming responsible stewardship and appropriate supervision, private foundations should not be further burdened with
stifling regulations, bureaucratic procedures, unending caveats.
4.
Finally, voluntary giving
whether of time or talent
or money and by whatever means -- is a fragile human action,
11
�subject to careful nurturing but easily turned off.
The person
of means who commits resources to a private foundation does so
voluntarily, irrevocably and completely -- 100 percent, beyond
any rate of taxation.
Further, those funds can then be ex-
pended only in accordance with the tax law, under IRS
supervision, and only for purposes and to
organizations and
institutions designated by Congress as being educational,
charitable and in the public interest.
To go far beyond this
in prescribing issues to be addressed, clientele to be served,
procedures and policies will be counter to the interests of
a vital private sector.
Centralized dictation will serve only
to further deplete the philanthropic reservoir.
v
The resources of private foundations are small in relation
to need.
But utilized wisely, they playa distinctive role,
often critical and catalytic, in providing for experimentation,
re-direction, exploration, service .... and thereby contribute
to betterment of the human condition.
In concert with the public sector, private initiative is
vital to further progress in fulfillment of the American dream.
Private foundations, once an apparently secure part of philanthropy,
are now an endangered species.
If they are to be a vital part
of private effort in the future as in the past, they must have
the understanding, support, and help of others who feel as do
we that private voluntary effort is important.
Ours must be a
reaffirmation of the individual and the voluntary, that the
greatest number may benefit and the highest goals be served.
12
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
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Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
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Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
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application/pdf
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eng
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JCPA-01
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1938-2012
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
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Identifier
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JCPA-01_1975-12-05_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Today's Foundation in Tomorrow's World
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given December 5, 1975 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the 21st Annual Conference of the National Conference on Philanthropy.
Contributor
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Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
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Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
Charities
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Language
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eng
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
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1975-12-05
Format
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application/pdf
Type
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Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b647db3b96028a6b5307cec96a3cceb5.pdf
88dd98390a9f6643c323ff4b9d1dca14
PDF Text
Text
Remarks by
Russell G. Mawby , Pre s i dent
w. K. Kellogg Fou ndation
50th Anniver s ary Luncheon
'l'he Duke Endowment
Dec ember 5, 1974
I
I am deligh t ed to be t..ri th y ou. for t.h i.s 50th Anniver s ary Luncheon of Th e
Duke Endoviaerrt ,
It i s a privilege and a gr ea t honor for me and the W. K.
Kellogg Foundation to participate in this significant occasi on .
The
Endovmen t whos e bi r thcl a:r we celebrat e today is a pioneer and s t at. esman
o~on g
private f oundat ions a nd it i s indeed fi tt ing t hat thi s thre shold
in its life be approprip..t ely marked.
It i s a s pecial 1)J ea.s ur-e for
I.1e
to b e here bec ause of the long hi story of
cordi al personal and profes sional r e Lat.i.en sh f.ps between 'I'he nuke
and t he VI. K. Kel Logg Found at i on.
E n d o ·.~. ra e n 1;
l ou ar-e our big brother- --or i s i t t ie::
sister--for ve \;ill. be c e.l cb r-a t.Lng our golden a nni ver s ary six y ears hence,
in 1980 .
During our fir st de c ade, in tne 1930 1 s , we concentr at eu upon t h e
developmen t of the ~1ichigan Co~@un ity Hea l t h Proj ec t (MCHP) in seven c oun t i es
of south central Michi 3an .
The msjor goal was the improvement of rural health
car e and it was de t e.rmLne d t ha t the r ole of hoapit.a.Ls cou.l.d be critical t o
the furtheran ce of this total co n-cent .
Dr. Emory Vl . Norris of the Founda-
tion staff was Given the responsibility of developinG a viable hospital
pr- ogr-am as an Lrrt egr-a.L co mponent of
The nuke
Endo~we:1t
£,1CHP .
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that
t ad b y far tlie most exper t i se and experi enc e of any one
in the country in corJillunity ho s pit al dev el opment .
Consequently, Dr. Mor r i s
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.
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
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Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
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JCPA-01
Coverage
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1938-2012
Text
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Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
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JCPA-01_1974-12-05_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech at the 50th Anniversary of the Duke Endowment
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given December 5, 1974 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for the 50th Anniversary luncheon of the Duke Endowment.
Contributor
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Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
Charities
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Language
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eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
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1974-12-05
Format
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application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/d853239503c6e9b0c4e31ea137fcc627.pdf
9bb85abfdb31738c151f5b63408aae39
PDF Text
Text
COMMITMENT TO 4-H YOUTH
Remarks by Dr. Russell G. Mawby, President
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
at the Adults Session, National 4-H Club Congress
Chicago, Illinois
December 2, 1970
I
It is a great pleasure to be at National 4-H Club Congress again.
I t was 1944 that
I first attended, as a 4-H delegate from Michigan in the Soil and Water Conservation Program sponsored by Firestone.
It has now been six years since I was last
here in a professional role as a member of the state 4-H staff in Michigan.
I
thank your program committee for making it possible for me to be with you this
year.
4-H has been a tremendously important part of my life.
I'll not bore you with
lengthy reminiscing but my 4-H contacts go back 32 years to my first year as a
member of the Peach Grove Rustlers 4-H Club in Kent County, Michigan.
visit to a college campus was for 4-H Club Week at Michigan State.
My first
That visit,
coupled with the encouragement of a county agricultural agent, a county home
economics agent, and an area 4-H agent, plus the help of scholarships in Soil
and Water Conservation (Firestone), and Woodworking (Sears-Roebuck Foundation)
projects , resulted in my being the first member of my family to attend college.
Later, eight and a half years as State 4-H Leader in Michigan represented a most
stimulating and rewarding chapter in my professional life .
Now Ruth and I are
local 4-H leaders in the Busy Beavers 4·-H Club at Hickory Corners.
So your cornmittee has invited a biased, committed individual to consider the topic,
"Commitment to 4-H'Louth."
Hopefully, however, I can nonetheless make an objec-
tive contribution to the deliberations of these adult sessions"
Quite candidly
there have been times in my professional life when I felt better qualified for an
�2
ass ignme nt of thi s s or t .
During my day s on the
~ti c h igan
4-H
s taff ~
immer sed in 4-H affa irs a nd felt qual ified to dis cu s s the i s sue s.
that I am somewhat out of t ou ch a nd only hope that I can g i ve
8
I was de eply
Now I s ense
~ e r3p e c t iv e
a nd
dime ns i on which will b e useful to you .
II
In this vein I wou.Ld s ha re wi to. you certain impre ssions wh.i.ch have materialized
in these t wo days at thi s Congre ss .
First, a s would be a ny ob server, I am tremendously impre s s ed with the 4-H member
delegate s.
They are a great group of teenag ers, a refre shing c ros s s e ct i on of
American you t h .
You, your extension col League s a t home, l ocal lead e r s, parent s,
and fellow 4-H members can be pr oud t o have them a s r epres entat ive s of al l 4-Her s
a t thi s Na t i onal Congre s s .
Are they truly repre sentative?
Yes a nd no.
They are the bes t , se l ected tlrr ough
a n elaborate sys t em of s i f t i ng and screening over a l ong perlod of time.
In ag r i cult ural mar keting discus sions, we u s ed to ob serve t hat t he best grad i ng
devi ce is di stance.
tenure.
In 4-H the mo st s igni f i ca nt
gr adi ng de vi ce " i s age a nd
Mos t 4-Her s do not s tay around l ong enough t o ever be co ns i der ed f or par -
t icipation i n t his Congr es s .
di scredit of 4- H.
ment.
Il
This is not to their discredit or nece s sarily t o the
But thi s fact must be a conscious part of our pers onal commit-
We mus t b e un comfortable that 4- H do es not make a s much
differen~ e
in the
live s of all 4-H memb ers as it doe s in the lives of the se select few.
Se co nd , it i s a treat to be with local 4-H leaders ag ai n, t he few here repre se nting
more than a half a million volunteer lead ers ac r os s t he country .
Qui te cand idl y ,
in chang ing f rom extension to my current work, I have mi ssed mo st the l oc al lead ers.
They are commi t t ed , dedicated, co ns c ientiou s , wonderful pe opl e .
All of u s mu st
�3
recognize that in the final a nalysis, the qua lity of t he
LndLv.ldua.l. member i s de termine d by hi s
4-H l e ad e r.
4-H experience
f or any
Th i s s imply underscores t he
lmp ortance i n your prof es sional role of effort s in recrui t ment , training ,
motiva t ion, a nd appropr La'te rec ogni tio n fo r y our vo l unteer t ea ch i ng staff .
Third, it ' ::; a l ways g rat ifying t o meet ag a i n with Ext ens ion p ers onnel, fr om county,
s tate , a nd f e deral pos ition s of re sponsibil ity .
Extens i on pr of ess i ona ls con-
s ti tute the intelle ctual, knowl e dge r e s ourc e l eader ship of the informal ed uc at i on al
s ys t enl of ext e n s ion .
The s e prof e ss ionals in the l a nd-grant univers i t y sys t em,
with pr og r a m and subject matt er specializati on and r e spon s i b ili t y , rep r esent the
unique i ngredient whi c h make s the
4-H
pr ogr am di stinctive among a ll ot he r youth-
serv Lng , informal educ a t i ona l programs . As I vi sit vli t h you I ga i n a s e ns e t hat
ma ny t hing s vrhich are s ignif i ca nt and exc i t i ng indeed a r e happ ening in
out the count r y .
4-H t hr ough-
For your cont i nu i ng and per s i s t ent acc ompl i s hment s and for s uc h
i nn ovati ons in add i t ion , I c ompliment you.
Fina l l y, a t t hi s Nationa l Congres s, it 's a l way s a spe c i a l pr i v i l ege to meet donor
repre sentat ives, who p rov i de such tremendous suppor t for t he
4-H
Club p rogram .
At t he nationa l l evel t hi s suppor t i s s t r uc t ured through the Na t i onal
Committe e and the Na tional
4-H Club
Foundat ion .
4-H Service
At t his event it ' s gratifying to
se e ext e n sive donor p a rticip ation, wi t h the per s onal i nv olv ement of many leader s
of Ame r Lc an busine s s a nd industry .
Thi s i s , to me , one of the finest examp les
of joint effort b y t he pub l i c and private sectors of our society .
The kind of
donor partic i pation we s e e here can of cour se be rep l icated in each s tate and
a t county a nd l oc al c ommunity level s thr oug hout the country .
Mo s t donor r epre s entative s he re are from profit-making busine s s e nterpr ises .
r epre s ent a non- p r ofit or gani za t i on whic h nonetheless is a produc t of the free
I
�4
ent. e r-or Lse sys t em a nd i s de pe ndent upon bu.s i ne s s p rof i ts as the source of
f or gr a nt - ma ki ng purposes .
.i. n c orne
As I par t i c i p a t e in this Congr e s s , I s t i ll have the pe rs iste nt co nce rn which has
plagued me in the pas t , though I am embarr assed to s ound like a n ol d recording.
But I must as k ag ain, "What image of, what understanding of , what app r e c iat i on
for ou r private e nterpri s e system do t he de l egat e s to thi s Congr e s s t ake home
w-i t h them?
Do they have a full er unde r sta nd i ng of Viho ow-ns indus t ry, of w-ho man-
ages industry , a nd for what purp os es) a nd by w-hat me ans?
benefi ts fro m our i ndus t r i a l enterpri se ?
t he piec es fit together?"
Do they apprec iate who
Do they c omprehend s ome how- how al l of
Our s has bee n a p l ur a l i s t ic so ciety .
He have re c og -
ni zed t he importance of both t he public a nd t he pr ivate sectors in c on tributing
to human well -be ing
In recent years t here seems t o be a t endency t o ce ntral ize ,
to e mphasiz e the publi c sec tor sometime s eve n to the dep rec i a t i on of t he pr i va t e
se ctor.
And so I have a co nce r n that young pe op l e her e ) w-hi l e having t his
opoor-t.un l t y t o r ub s hou.l der s wi th l e ade r s of bus iness a nd industry , might none -
t he le s s go home wi th only a n i mpre s sion of gl i t te r , glamour) a nd a f f l uenc e and
w-i t h no c l ee.r er und er st an di ng of thi s economi c syst em wh i ch is the hear tbe a t of
our \·new of life .
III
As a po int of depa rture i n our de l iber a t ions on the t opic , " Commltmen t t o
Youth,
II
4-H
l et I s remind ourse l ve s of cer tain observations wh i ch may b e obv ious but
wh ich s ome t i mes are ove r looke d or f or gotten .
Fir st , our young people today repre sent the gr e a t e s t "n ext ge ne ration"l1is tory
ha s ever known !
Whe n compar ed with prior ge nerat ions , our yo uthful ge ner a t i on
is brighter j better educ atedj healthierj more h i g hl y motivated ; more c oncerned ,
�5
1,vith r~
greater s ens e of soc ial cons c i e nc e than ever befor e .
Mas s media a nd
other i nfl vences ar e prone to distort t hi s by f ocu s i ng on the "ug l y f ew, "
a nd we need t o keep the t rue p i c t ur e in f ocus.
Sec ond, a t the same t ime, t he youth r ol e in our socie ty has be c ome vague, indef ini te , uncer tai n, co nfused.
are "in Lf.mbo ; "
In a significant sense, young pe op l e i n our societ y
We r r e aware of various f a c e t s of thi s s i tuati on --the change in
the economic s tatus of adolesents , t he l e ngthening of t he schoo l per iod s o t hat
the number of "unpr oductive years" (from t he s tandpo int of t he indiv idual ) is
i ncre a s ed, t he variou s influenc e s of soc iety whic h prolong the adol e scent ye ars ,
the ways i n whi ch we keep them childish and then wonde r why t hey behave like
ki ds - -but we fai l t o r ecognize the penetrat i ng inf l ue nce s a nd impl i cations of
thls c i r cmQstanc e .
Third, there is a t emp t ati on a nd a tendency to gene r a lize and labe l, to c ategori ze
young pe opl e an vari ous cla s sifi c ati ons:
the d i s adv un t.ag ed » you can go on.
t he gi f ted, the exc ep t i.ona'l , t he urb an,
Whi le we a re inc lined to do t his > for it
tend s to make our Job eas i er " we know that it c an 't be done .
I am encouraged
by wha t I regar d as convinc i ng evide nce t hat our society is bec omi ng inc r eas ing ly
concerned f or the l Dd i v idual c
l i ke
We can s e e this in formal educ a t i on, i n pr ogr ams
4-H, in s oc i a l welfare ag encies > i n remedi a l a nd re habil i tative efforts.
A co nce r n f or indiVi duali t y is indee d difficul t t o i mp lement , but the firs t
s tep is a commi t ment to the co ncept.
Fourth, i ncrea s i ngly , pr of es s ional s in educ ation, whether formal or i nfor mal ,
ar e beginning t o r e c ogni ze the human developme ntal pr oce s s a s just that , wi t h ··
out d iscree t compartments .
There is no need to belabor this point wi t h you s ince
4-H Cl ub Wor k generally can be r egarded a s one of t he best examples of the practic al
�6
i mnl ement a t i on of t hese pr i nc i p l es .
I wou ld d i rect your a t t e nt i on ) however ) t o a s l ight ly d iffe re nt ram if icat ion of
t hi s p oi nt with the que stion) "What' s t he yo ut h segme nt of Ex t ens ion? I,
I 'll
not a nswer ) but I wou l d caution that a s a pr of e ss i ona l you cannot permit your s e l f t he luxur y of sayi ng "that' s no t our re sp ons i b i l i t y b e c au s e we' re con c erned only f or t he year s b e t ween the ninth a nd the ni ne t ee nth b i.r t.hdays . "
I f yo u are truly co nc e rned wi th y out h dev e l opme nt ) yo u have t o be conc e r ned with
the ye ars bo t h befo re and after.
Fifth) it s e ems wel l t o r emi nd our s e l ve s of the d i f f e re nc e or d isc r e pancy in
our soc ie ty b e t ween p r ob l ems a nd solut ions .
Mos t of the pr ob l ems whi c h co n -
cern us a r e ge ne r a l ) unsp ecializ ed ) linked t ogether ) int erdepende nt .
To qui c kly
c i t e ex ampl e s ) we might me nt ion pr ob l ems of a i r p ol l u t i on ) civil right s ) you t h
deve l opment ) urban ghe t t os .
But wh i l e the s e prob l e ms are ge nera l a nd i nt er -
dependent ) t he solut i ons whi c h so cie t y c on t r i ve s usua l l y a r e spe c i f i c) unrelat ed )
de tac hed ) d isc re e t) ove r l app ing .
If you wi l l t hi nk bac k t o t he problems I j u s t
c i ted ) you wi l l r e c ognize t he validity of t hi s p o i nt a nd t he pr ob lems p erpetrated
t hereby.
IV
And now let u s look brief ly a t s ome of the i s sue s which seem t o be cr i t i c a l in
our soc i e ty t oday .
n~ e t
To hark b a ck )
need s of you t h and soc i e ty .
4-H
was s tar ted at t he tur n of the ce nt ury to
At that time ) Boys a nd Gi r l s Club Work was out
fr on t educ a t ional l y) de a l i ng wi t h concerns cre sting then .
As profe s s ionals) the
que s t i.o n cc nfron ti ng u s now, of course ) i s "What are the i s sue s c r e s ting today? "
In bui l d ing b oth pub l i c and pr i va t e s upp or t for you t h pr og r ams like 4-H) it i s
c l' i tic al l y imp ol'ta nt t o focu s up on ke y problems and c oncer ns of societie s and
c ou ch e ducat ional ob j e c t i ves i n t e rms of thes e ne ed s , no t inst itut i onal goa ls .
�7
Quit e f r a nkly , Exte nsion and
4-H a r e t oo of te n i nclined to have se lf -cente r ed
go al s, deal i ng wi t h internal or i ns t i t ut ional i ssues rathe r than t he ultimate
obje c t ive s in terms of i ndi vi dua l s , c ommunitie s , a nd society.
MY obs erva t i ons
wi ll be bot h in t e r ms of the individual a nd of so c i e ty a s a whole.
I ' l l omi t
some of the obv iou s issue s wi t h which you a s 4- H profes s iona ls are grappl i ng ,
not bec aus e t hey 're unimpo r t a nt bu t be cau s e t hey a l r e ady have your a t t e nt i on - expans i on of member ship , the emp ha si s on scie nce , on progr ams i n ur-ban c ommunl>
tie s , on re a c hi ng t he d isadvant aged , on invol ving boys ; on r e cruit lng a nd better
preparing adu l t l e aders.
I have not attempt ed t o rank the se items , t he listing
i s not complet e , hopefully you will ad d t Oj but I do f e el t he s e thought s have
r eleva nce as we l ook t o the chal lenge s confront ing Extension t oday .
1.
We s ee in our soc i ety a gr owi ng concer n for the manne r of livi ng
or t he quality of life a s c ontra ste d With the older co nce p t of s tandar d of living.
We ' r e a sk i ng our s elve s in the United Stat e s , "W hile
i t ' s t rue t hat we have the highe st s t a ndar d of living in t he wor l d ,
do v e re a l l y have t he be s t l i f e in the co mp l e te human sense ? "
I n y out h, we see a turn f rom mat e r i a l ism, a gr e a t e r co ncern f or t he
quality of l i fe .
This i s a he a r te ni ng deve l opment, hopef ul ly ev i denc e
of a maturing of our so ciety.
For Ext ens ion, which ha s be en more
ma te r i a l is t ic t ha n humani stic in it s goals and progre s s, t hi s emer gi ng
t r e nd ha s treme ndous i mp l ic a tions .
As
we l ook a t lif e i n r ural Ame r i ca t od ay ; we rec ogni ze t he harsh
r eali tie s of t ile " r ur-al. my t h . "
lIe ' r e we l l awar-e of s oc i e t y ' s c onc e rn
for the i mpoveri s hed , t he di s enfr a nc his ed , t he dis adv a nt age d j bu t 1,1e
r e c ogn i ze a l s o that deprivati on i s not necessa.rily a. c or ollary of
�8
po verty .
Many r ural Ame r Lo a ns , for exa mple , living i n i s ol a t ed
communities , do no t have the advantages of quality schoo l ing ) quality
he alth care , quality s oc ial and pr-ot.ec t r.ve serv i ces, cultural opp or t uniti e s, not be caus e of economic p ov er ty per s e but be cause of t he
II
social cost of space . II
2.
There i s a swe lli ng c oncern for the quality of t he e nv i ronme nt i n
v h i ch we l i ve .
In his new book, " Not So Ric h As You Thi nk ) II George
St c\far t obser ves :
"vfuen some fvture hi storian s i t s down t o summar i ze
that t he pre se nt ge ner a t i on of Americans ha s accomp l i shed) hls climact ic sentenc e c ou ld read :
IOf the water s, they made a ce s sp ool j of
the a i r, a depos i tory of po isons , and of the good ear th its elf, a
d UITrO
t il
As ve t hink of t he qualit y of t he e nv ironment , we are conc erned wi t h
a i r , wa t.e r s , s t reams , lake s, beauty) hous i ng , co mmunit ie s, s pa ce .
are co ncerned wi t h urban and c ount r y s i de deve l opment.
fif e
We lre as ki ng
i f it is ne c e s s ar y f or pe op l e ) ad ul ts and y ou t h a like , inev i tab ly to
trudge fr om c ount r y s i de to town for e conomic opportunit les f or growing
pr-opo r- t i.on s of ou r members to live in dens ely po pul a ted co mmuni ties.
And t.hl.nk of t he i mplic ations of t hi s concern of soc ie ty t o Ex t e ns i on
yout.h » r ogr-ams s I would caution t hat the prob lem i f: ba.gge r than r ubbi sh c Le arr- up and "p lan and p lant for beauty .
rr
Su ch t ang i b le act iv i -
tie s can b e a pa r t of t he curriculum but a bas lc purp ose must be
rel at ed t o t he devel opment of a t t i t ud e s
3.
c onvic t ions , and phi l os ophy .
I ncr e a s i ngl y, our s oc i e t y is co ncer ned f or t he po l i t i ca l institu-
ti ons of de mocr a cy .
As our s ociety has b een buffeted by t he onr u s h
�9
o
fs
o
c
i
o
e
conom
ic chang
e
; m
any o
fo
u
rt
r
a
d
i
t
i
ona
lpo
litica
lu
n
it
s
h
ave becom
e di
s
fu
n
c
t
i
o
n
a
l and ob
so
le
te
. A
tm
any leve
ls
,d
em
o
c
r
a
ti
c
-p
ro
c
e
s
shas been r
.
:ha
r
a
ct
e
r
i
z
ed by c
i
t
i
z
e
na
"
!
J
athyr
a
t
h
e
rth
anc
i
t
i
z
e
n
p
a
rtic
ipa
tion
. Gmile m
any wou
ld e
x
p
r
e
s
s a con
c
e
rnf
o
rth
e exp
andlng
r
o
l
eo
ff
e
de
ra
lgo
ve
rnmen
t) i
nob
j
e
ctivean
a
.L
ysis i
t
s
e
em
s appa
r
en
t
t
h
a
tt
h
efed
e
r
a
lro
l
eh
a
s exp
a
nded i
nd
ir
e
c
tp
ropo
rtion t
ot
h
ed
egr
e
e
t
owh
i
c
hl
o
c
a
l; county
; and s
ta
t
e90
litic
a
l un
it
shav
eprov
entobe
ne ~ a
o
run
r
espon
s
ive t
oth
e task
sd
em
and
ed by s
o
c
i
e
t
y
.
4
. Though
tfu
lobse
rve
rs exp
ress conce
rn f
o
r th
ec
o
n
t
i
n
u
ingv
i
a
bil
l
t
y
o
f ou
r fr
e
een
t
e
r
p
r
i
s
ee
conom
i
c·
sy
s
t
emandits a
b
i
l
i
t
yt
oserv
eth
e
hum
a
n goa
l
so
f ou
r so
c
i
e
t
y
. T
he
rei
sn
e
ed fo
r ou
rc
i
t
i
z
e
n
r
yt
ound
e
rs
t
andthe ch
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
,t
h
ecom
pon
en
t
s, thec
o
n
t
r
i
b
u
tion
s, th
e
f ou
rc
apit
a
li
s
t
i
cpr
o
f
i
t
-m
o
tiv
a
t
e
d, p
riva
te
ly own
ed
sho
rtcom
ing
so
f
r
ee e
n
t
e
r
p
r
i
s
ee
conomy. T
n
o
u
g
h
t
f
u
ls
t
u
d
yn
eedsto b
eg
lvento qu
es
t
i
on
so
f ba
l
an
c
eo
ft
h
ep
r
i
v
a
t
eandpubl
i
cs
e
c
to
r
so
fo
u
re
conomy
. I
f
t
h
i
s sy
s
t
em
, w
h
i
c
hh
a
sb
e
enba
s
i
ct
ot
h
etrem
endous d
e
v
e
l
o
pm
en
to
f ou
r
coun
t
r
yisto p
rev
a
i
l, th
e unde
rs
t
and
ing and sup
po
r
to
f ou
r ci
t
i
z
e
n
r
y
,
i
c
a
t
e
dt
oi
t
ss
tr
e
ng
then
ing andim
p
r
ovem
en
tr
a
t
h
e
rt
h
a
ni
t
sd
e
sd
ed
t
r
u
c
t
i
o
n
,a
ree
s
s
en
t
i
al
.
5
.
As
so
ci
e
t
yand i
t
sso
c
i
a
le
conom
i
c, andp
o
l
i
ti
c
a
li
n
s
t
i
tu
tion
s
ela
rge
r andmo
re com
pl
e
x
,i
n
d
i
v
i
d
u
a
l
smu
s
tb
e pr
e
p
a
r
ed t
ocop
e
ber.:om
wi
t
h
, tob
e
n
e
f
i
tf
r
om
,t
om
anag
e thesela
rg
e
-sc
a
l
es
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
s.
Ou
r
ind
i
v
i
d
u
a
l li
v
es a
re i
n
c
r
e
a
s
i
n
g
l
ydom
i
n
a
t
e
dby com
p
l
e
xor
g
a
n
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
s
-s
t
em
,t
r
an
spo
rta
t
i
on n
e
twor
k
s
,ch
u
r
c
h
e
s, s
t
o
r
e
s
,un
ive
rth
e schoo
l sy
s
l
t
i
e
sin
c
l
u
d
i
ng Ext
e
n
s
ion and4
-H
,indu
s
tria
lg
i
a
n
t
s; gove
rnm
en
t.
�10
Peopl e i n t he ' 70 s and t he dec ad e s a he ad wi l l do l e s s an d l e s s as
indivi du nls and mor e ond more a s membe rs of or gani zati ons .
/38n i zo,t i ons grow t her e i s a tende ncy to
depersonaliz ati on a nd
c on s e que nt creati on of unx f.e ty in i ndi v i dual s.
1) .1
or-
As
Such str e s s can
t i. ma t.e Ly l ead t o eve n such r adical re sp on se s as "des t r oy the e s t ab -
l i shmen t . "
To prevent deterioration and to c ontr ibute to human we ll -
be i ng, peop l e mu st be prepared t o c ope with l arge- s cale or ga ni zat ions i n thelr Ilve s.
6.
'.l e as a pe op l e er e inc r easingly conc erne d f or the institutio n of
the family. Increa singly, we rec ogni ze that the "problem pe op l e " of
our society - -the school dr opo ut s , the ch r onically unemploye d, juvenile
de linque nt s , those pe r e nnial l y on welfare , cr i minals and othe r s who
do not per f or m the pr oduc tive r ole s exp e c ted of t hem by soc iet y - -ar e
a product of i nade qua t e home and f ami l y situa t ions .
While soc ie ty
has developed multiple and massive correc t ional and rehabilita ti ve
pr ograms , we have ge ner a l l y be e n unsu cce s sful in overc omin g the effec t s
of t he undes i rab l e influences of home and f amily in the e ar l y ye ar s .
I n s t res s i ng the importa nc e of t he f amily , we , of cours e ; mu st be
awar e of the cha nging role of t he f amily in our s oc i e t y, wi t h fewer
At t he
p r er oga t i v e s avail able to t he f amily with each p ass i ng year .
same time , al l evidence t ells us t hat t he home and fam ily
e nt i al i n the formative e arly y ea rs of life.
l S
lnf l 1.l -
('me r e ar e our young
pe op l e tra ined to be effe c tive husb ands and Wive s ; mo thers and
fat he rs ?
�11
7
. vTe a
r
ep
e
r
ple
x
ed by t
h
e pr
o
b
lem
so
fr
e
la
tingedu
ca
ti
o
no
ft
h
e
s
cho
ol
stotherea
li
t
i
e
so
fl
i
fe
. I
nt
o
om
a
ny s
choo
l
s
,youngs
t
e
r
s
s
t
u
d
ym
a
th
em
a
t
i
cs
,p
h
y
s
i
c
s, e
a
rl
yc
iv
i
l
iz
a
t
i
o
n
,gov
e
rn
m
en
t
, hi
s
to
r
y
,
so
ci
a
ls
t
u
d
i
e
si
nt
h
est
e
ril
eatmo
s
p
h
e
r
eo
ft
h
e cl
a
s
s
room
,'
t
l
it
hl
i
t
t
l
e
a
t
t
em
p
to
ropportunit
ytor
e
l
a
t
et
h
ese sub
jec
ts and di
s
c
i
p
li
n
e
sto
li
f
e as i
tisl
i
v
e
d
. Inr
e
f
l
ec
t
i
v
e m
om
e
n
t
s" w
em
u
st a
c
c
e
p
t theh
a
rd
fa
c
tt
h
a
to
u
r edu
c
a
ti
o
n
a
ls
y
s
t
emdeve
~s ~e p e
w
ho ar
epr
e
t
t
ygood
tech
n
i
c
i
a
n
s bu
t \-i110 a
r
en
o
t ve
ry good a
tf
am
ilyand comm
un
it
yl
i
f
e
j
y
e
tt
h
i
sla
tte
r ist
h
ea
r
e
n
ai
nwh
i
ch t
h
en
e
x
t gen
e
ra
tion w
i
ll b
e
re
a
l
l
yt
e
s
te
d
;
I wo
u
l
d emph
a
s
i
z
e th
a
tt
h
e
r
eis mu
c
ho
f w
h
ich w
ec
anb
e pr
o
ud i
nou
r
e
l
em
en
t
a
r
yand s
e
cond
a
r
yschoo
l sy
s
teminth
is co
un
tr
y
,b
u
ta
tt
h
e
sam
etim
e I wo
u
l
.d em
ph
as
i
z
et
h
a
tw
e mu
s
tb
r
e
akt
h
e"
l
o
c
ks
t
ep
"o
ft
h
e
f
o
rm
a
ls
y
s
tema
sw
eh
av
ed
e
v
e
l
o
p
ed i
t
o
rp
erm
ittedi
tt
oevol
v
e
.
M
i
ch
tgan C
lub Bu
l
l
e
t
i
nN
o
.
1
)publ
i
s
hed in 1915
, inc
lud
eda
s on
e
o
b
j
e
c
ti
v
e
: "
t
os
tr
e
n
g
th
enth
es
choo
l
sa
tt
h
e
i
rw
eak
e
s
tp
o
in
t.
"P
er
hap
sth
a
t need i
saga
i
n
o
rs
t
i
l
l
p
e
r
t
i
n
en
t
.
8
. In
c
reas
i
n
g
l
y
,w
ere
co
g
n
i
z
et
h
e need t
od
evel
o
pap
a
t
t
e
r
no
fl
i
fe
J
-o
ng l
e
a
rn
in
g
, and accep
t
a
n
c
e bo
th i
n:
)h
il
o
soo
hy and i
np
r
a
ctice t
h
a
t
edu
ca
t
i
o
nis an unendi
n
g pr
o
c
essth
roughou
t li
f
e
.
Ah
i
gh schoo
lo
r
c
c
l
l
e
g
ed
i
plom
as
i
mp
ly ind
ic
a
t
e
stha
t ani
n
d
i
v
i
dua
lh
a
sp
ass
eda
c
e
r
t
ai
nappr
e
n
ticesh
ip s
t
a
g
eand i
sq
u
a
li
f
i
e
dt
oem
b
a
r
kupon a voyag
e
o
f di
f
f
e
r
e
n
tedu
c
a
ti
o
n
a
loppo
rt
u
n
iti
e
sand a
lt
e
rn
ati
v
e
s
. It is
unnecess
a
r
yt
ore
m
ind o
u
r
se
lve
sa
s
o
r
o
f
essi
o
n
al
st
h
a
tou
r pe
rfo
rm
a
nce
onthi
spo
in
t mu
s
t be ex
empl
a
r
y
.
W
ha
ti
syou
rp
e
r
s
o
n
a
lp
l
a
nf
o
r
�12
c omp l ete l y r efurbishing your "intell e ctual e quipment " every seven
y eaTS?
9.
Young p eople must be afforded opportuniti es t o par-t i c Lpat. e in the
mai ns t ream of l i fe .
Adoles cent s in our soc i et y a r e i s olat ed from the
k ey issl1 es of the day.
While we dep l ore their l a ck of evi de nt con -
ce r n and s ense of re sponsibility, we s i mul t ane ous l y set them apa r t
from the s oc i a l tide.
Dr. Cha Tles DeCa r l o , Pre sident of Sa rah
Lawr ence Col lege , ob s erv e s, "We have been lengthening the f ormal
educat i on p roc es s until it is now common plac e for student s t o cont i nue on through gr ad uat ,e s choo l .
an~vhere
soc i et y .
This mean s that a s t ude nt may be
from 23 to 28 y ear s old before he is really a member of
In effect, he i s outside the system and remains a child
until a Telativ ely advanc ed a ge.
We gi ve him years of l earning,
during which he contribut e s nothing but pre sumably acquire s re spect
fo r the t r ad i t i ona l value s and the virtues of soc i et y . . • . The
dange r h e r-e i s that when you are s o i solated so l on g from r e sponsib i l i t y , y ou t end to se e all probl ems as almo s t too large to a t t a ck .
This er od e s both confi den ce and t h e willingnes s t o contribute
r esponsibly by mastering a s pec i a l i zat ion . "
As a s oc i et y we de ny
young people the oppor tunity to participate, to eng a ge , to r eally
invol v e t hemse l v e s i n the f abric of r eal living.
We must somehow
ena bl e yOWlg peop le to pa r t i c i pa te l e gitimately in t he s oc i a l . iss ues
of our time, to struggle with such probl ems of s oc i al prej udice,
soc i a l and e conomic depr i vat i on , se l f gov er nment , t he development
of c oncept ions of service to others.
�13
10
. F
i
n
a
l
l
y
)w
ea
r
econ
c
e
rn
edf
o
rhum
an r
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
h
i
p
s
i
nt
h
ef
am
i
l
y
)
t
h
ecommun
i
ty
,n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
l
y
,i
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
l
y
. I
nd
i
s
c
u
s
s
i
n
gf
o
r
e
i
g
na
i
d
,
S
e
n
a
t
o
rH
a
l
t
e
rF
. :
lv
Iond
a
l
eo
fM
inn
e
so
t
a ob
s
e
rv
ed
;"
We s
e
ema
sa c
o
u
n
t
r
y
t
ob
eo
u
to
f ph
a
s
ew
i
t
ho
u
ri
d
e
a
l
s
.
" Th
i
s wou
ld app
e
a
rt
ob
e tru
e
d
om
e
s
t
i
c
a
l
l
ya
sw
e
l
la
si
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
l
y
.
I
nt
h
e
i
rwo
r
ld and t
im
e
,t
h
eyoung p
eo
p
l
eo
ft
h
i
sg
e
n
e
r
a
t
i
o
nw
i
l
lb
e
c
o
r
r
e
c
t
i
n
go
u
rm
i
s
t
a
k
e
s
.
Th
er
e
a
ld
e
t
e
r
m
in
an
t o
ft
h
eq
u
a
l
i
t
yo
fl
i
f
e
i
nt
h
ey
e
a
r1980 o
rt
h
ey
e
a
r 2000 wlL
l
,b
ed
e
t
e
rm
i
n
e
d by t
h
ep
r
o
g
r
e
s
s
and s
u
c
c
e
s
st
h
e
ya
c
h
i
e
v
ei
nl
e
a
r
n
i
n
gsom
ehowt
ol
i
v
eon
ew
i
t
ha
n
o
t
h
e
r
Lo
c
aLLy
, n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
l
y
, andi
nt
h
ew
o
r
-L
d commun
i
ty o
fwhi
.
cho
u
rc
o
u
n
t
r
y
i
sa p
a
r
t
.
lo
re c
o
u
l
d go on i
d
e
n
t
i
f
y
i
n
go
t
h
e
ri
s
s
u
e
so
ft
o
d
a
yand tomo
r
row
,b
u
tt
h
e
s
e
w
iL
l
.s
u
f
f
i
c
et
oi
l
l
u
s
t
r
a
t
et
h
ek
i
n
d
so
fs
o
c
i
a
lc
o
n
c
e
r
n
st
owh
i
ch i
t
s
e
em
s im
p
e
r
a
t
i
v
e~
tensi n
and u
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
i
e
smu
s
t d
i
r
e
c
tt
h
e
i
ra
t
t
e
n
t
i
o
n
.
v
A
sw
eco
n
s
i
d
e
ro
u
rpe
rson
a
l comm
i
tm
en
tt
o4
-H
, thena
t
u
r
eo
fo
u
rr
e
s
pon
se
d
eo
ends som
ewh
a
t
. upon o
u
rr
o
l
e
,wh
et
.h
e
r we b
ev
o
l
u
n
t
e
e
rL
l
-H l
e
a
d
e
r
s dono
r
j
r
e
p
r
e
s
e
n
t
a
t
i
v
e
s
)o
rE
x
t
e
n
s
i
o
np
r
o
f
es
s
i
o
n
a
l
sa
tt
h
ec
o
u
n
t
y
, st
a
teo
rn
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
l
e
v
e
l
)w
i
t
hb
r
o
a
dp
rog
r
ama
s
s
i
g
nm
e
n
t
so
r som
ewh
a
tmo
r
e sp
ec
ific su
b
j
e
c
tma
t
t
e
r
s~ecia ties
F
o
r my c
l
o
s
i
n
gr
em
a
rk
sIw
i
l
lf
o
c
u
s upon t
h
ep
ro
fessi
o
na
lE
x
t
e
n
-
s
i
o
nr
o
l
e
,p
a
r
t
i
c
u
l
a
r
l
yi
ns
t
a
t
el
e
v
e
lr
e
s
p
o
n
s
i
b
i
l
i
t
i
e
sb
u
tw
i
t
hs
i
g
n
ifican
ce
wh
i
ch h
o
p
e
f
u
l
l
yw
i
l
lb
et
r
a
n
s
f
e
r
r
a
b
l
et
ob
o
t
hc
o
u
n
t
yand n
a
t
i
o
n
a
ll
e
v
e
l
s
.
F
i
r
s
t a
sE
x
t
e
n
s
i
o
n wo
rk
e
r
s i
n4
-Hyou
t
hc
l
ubs
,you a
r
ep
rof
e
s
s
iona
ls
. Th
e
r
e
h
av
eb
e
e
nm
any d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
td
e
f
i
n
i
t
i
o
n
so
ft
h
et
e
rm"
p
r
o
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
l
.
" F
rom v
a
r
i
e
d
s
o
u
r
c
e
sI h
av
ed
r
a
v
nc
e
r
t
a
i
np
h
r
a
s
e
s wh
i
ch I f
i
n
dh
e
l
p
f
u
li
nc
o
n
s
i
d
e
r
i
n
gt
h
e
�14
profess ional role :
2)
1)
p rofess ionals deal more wit h people t han wi t h t hing s ;
pr ofe s sional s ar e more co ncer ned with the pub l i c intere st than wi t h se l f -
l i mited pr i vate intere sts;
i s emp ha s i zed j
4)
3)
in professionali sm, some t hi ng more than t echnique
a s a pr of e s s i ona l , t he i ndividual must be as exper t as he
can be in his field , but profess ional ism i s mor e than spe c ial i zat ion j
finall y , 5)
a nd
ab ove a l l , profe s sionali sm i mplie s c ommitment.
As professio nals , then, c ommitted to EXtension 4-H y outh work, may I sugges t
t he f ollowing i tems f or inclu sion in your pr ofe s sional age nda f or t he '70 s :
1.
Keep the f ocu s on kids.
Concent r a te upon the need s of you ng
pe op l e as t hey move from ch i ldhood through adol e s c ence t o young
adul t hood .
I emphas i ze t his ag a i n, in co nt ra st t o i nstitutional
goals f or Extension or 4- H.
We de l ude ouse l ves if we t hink our
i ns titutional goals and the best intere s t s of our clie nt ele ar e
automat ic ally t he same .
Ext e ns ion has a tremendou s her itage in it s 4 - H c lub progr am.
Bui ld
on the stre ngth s of this pas t, but do not b e hampered by i t ,
To
develop suppor t , a ny publi c ins titution mus t deal with prob lems of
s ignif icance .
Do not co nfu s e ellds and me an Sj i ndividualize the
e du ca t i ona l experience of e ac h boy a nd gi r l who par t ic ip ates in 4 - Hj
u s e the educational tools of y our profe s sion with pre cision and
d i s cr e t i on .
2.
Recognize the multipl ic i ty of infl ue nc e s wh i c h bear upon youth
deve l opme nt .
( a)
I s ha l l simpl ify these to t hr ee :
t h e influence of the fam i ly and t he ne ed to r e ach in
ef f e c t i ve ways t he pare nts of the you ng s t e r s wi th whom yo u
are conc erned j
�1
5
(
b
) t
h
e sub
s
t
a
n
ti
a
li
n
f
l
u
en
ce o
ft
h
es
c
h
ool
sand are
l
a
t
ed
co
nc
e
r
n
, th
er
e
f
o
r
e
,f
o
rth
e qua
l
i
t
yo
f schoo
li
n
g
,t
h
eva
r
i
et
yo
f educ
a
tion
al a
lt
e
r
n
a
tiv
e
s,pu
b
lic su
p
p
o
r
tf
o
redu
ca
t
i
on
, and t
h
e sh
o
rtcom
ings o
ft
h
eo
:
c
ga
n
iza
t
i
on
a
le
s
t
a
b
li
s
h
·
me
n
ta
t th
e el
em
en
ta
r
yand s
e
con
da
ry l
e
v
e
l
s
. T
o'
b
ec
r
u
d
el
y
candi
d
,i
f4
-H isi
naru
t,a
s som
ew
ou
ld avow
, th
enou
r
f
o
r
ma
lsc
hoo
l
sa
r
e in ad
i
t
c
h
. I
fw
el
o
o
kah
e
a
di
nfo
rm
a
l
e
l
em
en
t
a
r
y and secon
d
a
r
y educa
tion
, w
em
us
ten
v
i
si
o
n12
mo
n
t
hope
ra
ti
o
n
, are
lat
i
on
sh
l
po
fc
l
a
ss
r
oom toth
er
e
a
l
wo
r
l
d
, th
ee
l
i
m
ina
tion o
fa
r
tifi
c
i
a
lc
r
e
d
en
tia
ling an
d
nd
ar
d
s
,t
h
eem
ph
as
i
so
ff
i
n
anc
i
a
lsupport toim
p
r
ov
e
s
ta
qua
l
i
t
y du
ri
n
gth
ee
l
e
m
e
nt
a
ry y
e
a
r
sw
he
re t
h
ep
ayo
ff w
il
l
b
eg
re
a
tes
t; and
(
c) t
h
ei
n
f
l
u
en
c
e
so
fc
omm
u
nit
y
,o
fh
ea
l
t
hs
e
r
v
i
ce
s so
c
ia
l
s
e
r
v
i
c
es
, you
th o
r
gan
iz
a
t
i
o
n
s
,r
e
c
r
e
a
t
i
o
n
a
loppo
rtun
iti
e
s
}
e ~
ent
p
ro
tec
tive s
e
rv
ices)you
th i
n
v
o
l
v
em
en
t and is
su
es
.
3
. Deve
lop t
h
ep
r
o
fe
s
s
i
o
n
al Ex
ten
s
ionyou
th
-4
-Hpo
siti
o
na
s a ca
ree
r
o
ppo
rtun
it
ya
tt
h
ecoun
t
yand st
a
t
el
e
v
e
l
s
. I
tisin
c
r
e
d
i
b
l
eth
a
tt
h
e
l
a
nd-g
r
a
n
t uni
v
e
r
s
i
t
i
e
s an
dt
h
e Ex
ten
si
o
nS
e
rvic
e have n
o
tg
en
er
a
ll
y
cor
runitt
e
dth
em
s
e
l
v
e
s toth
i
s con
cept
,thou
gh t
h
ey hav
ebeeneng
ag
ed i
n
4
-Hwo
r
-kfo
rm
or
et
h
an h
al
fa cen
t
u
r
y
. Th
e Ext
e
n
sion 4
-Hyou
t
hprog
r
am
w
i
l
l con
tinu
e tob
e const
r
a
in
edi
nth
ef
u
t
u
re
;a
si
nt
h
e9
a
s
t
, unl
e
s
s
prop
e
ra
tt
e
n
ti
o
nis g
i
v
en t
opr
o
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
li
z
a
ti
o
no
f thes
t
a
f
f
. T
h
e
c
e
n
tst
a
t
em
ent
sbyth
e Adm
in
i
str
a
t
o
ro
f th
eEx
t
en
si
o
nS
e
rv
ice a
re
re
mos
t en
cou
r
-ag
.
i
.n
g and hope
f
u
llyw
i
l
lb
e
g
i
na p
a
t
t
e
rn o
f comm
i
tm
e
n
t
th
ro
ughou
tt
h
ecoun
t
r
y
. I havea
l
s
ob
e
env
e
r
ym
uchimp
r
essedw
i
t
ht
h
e
�16
prog r ess of the Na t i onal Ass ociation of Ext ensio n
4-H
Age nts .
Thi s
organiz ation, its leadershi p , and it s an nual co nfere nce s have made a
s i g ni f ican t professional co ntribution a nd I wOFld urge you t o encour-a ge t hi s "Ass ociation in eve ry pos s rb Le \-fay,
4.
Conceptualize the role of the s t ate
4-H staff
as t he cutting edge
of the university se r vl ng the ne ed s of y outh thr ough informal educ a t.Lona.l vo rog r-ams with ad ul ts and youth.
Fu.Lf' dLl.merrt of this concept
mus t be b ased up on kno w.l.edge , c ompetence , demonstrated performance ,
a nd the powe r of i de a s .
After ye ars of co nsidera t ion , I am c onvi nced
that i t makes litt le differ ence at all how the or ga ni z a t i onal chart of
the Extension Se r v i ce or the uni ve r s i t y i s dr awn ;
in
)-i- -H
you ' ve "got it all'
if you will recognize it and ac t a c co r d i ng l y .
For t oo l ong we have been p rone to shrug a nd say t ha t inadequacie s i n
4-H
r esourc es ar e the respo ns ib ility of de an s" direc t or s, pr e s i de nt s ,
l e gi sl a t or s.
But I wou ld ar gue that
4-H
will never be b igge r ) more
innovative, more i nc ompa s s i ng , more effective } than you conceive it
to b e ,
1iFo.at are the pr obl ems of young s t e r s t od ay ?
ce rns of s oc i e t y ?
liThat are the c on -
If you have t h e answer s , yo u ' l l ge t the s upp or t .
Speaki ng ver y c andidly among fr iend s, we' ve be en to o i nc lined to
funct ion a s p r og ram me charri.c s rathe r than as educat i. ona'l d e ans of a
gre at i nformal educ ational system called
4-H.
He ' ve been t oo pr one
to s e l l short on the p ot e nt ial of our program, too ne ar - sighted t o
full y appr e c i a t e it s sc ope a nd s i gni f i canc e , too pr eoc cup i ed with
"b ou nd ary maintenance" a nd manipulation of the ma s sive s e l f - cr eat ed
�17
super s t ruc ture .
There' s a gre ate r need today than ever before for
i nformal educational pr ogr ams like 4-H;, bui lt upon the be st kn owl ed ge re s ource s of the university.
5.
Mob i l i ze the full resourc e s of t he uni ve r s i t y , really.
Usua l ly
even whe n we s ay we ' ve done this , the r e s our c e s have been conc ent rated
f rom the co l leges of agr i cul t ur e and home e conomi cs , a nd to some
exte nt educatlon a nd per haps the soc lal sciences .
and
f'u l.L
Be yond t he creative
us e of resourc e s fr om suc h a ca dermc un its, co nsider t he co n-
tributions whic h can al s o be ma de fr om f aculti e s of law
busine s s ,
engineering , humani t i e s , the he a.lth sc iences .
* *
We l l , t here we are.
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
I ' ve said t oo much and not enough .
*
It' s a.t mome nt s l i ke
t hi s t hat I, like a n ol d fire s tat ion hor se ; he ar t he bell ring and am anxious
t o c harge of f .
The c ontribution s which y ou and p r ofess ional educators c a n
make t hrough ]Xte nsion youth programs ar e more cr i t ical t han even a t t he t urn
of the century when thi s gr eat co nc ep t was ge r mi nat i ng .
Soc ie t y i s a nxious
for a ns we rs and, as yo u a r e abl e to demonstrate you r effectivene s s ) suppor t
wi l l b e f orthc omin g.
MY best wishes t o you fo r s uc cess i n your effort s t o make t he best of t oday
eve n bet ter t omorrow.
�
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Russell Mawby Papers
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Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
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The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
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Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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eng
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JCPA-01
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1938-2012
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
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JCPA-01_1970-12-02_RMawby_SPE
Title
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Russell Mawby speech. Commitment to 4-H Youth
Creator
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Mawby, Russell
Description
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Speech given December 2, 1970 at the Adults Session of the National 4-H Club Congress.
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Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
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Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
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Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
Charities
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Youth
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eng
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
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1970-12-02
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Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/2db5a8d32dbcbabdbeca5e77c6572737.pdf
027db2bab9a570800d733c0cdb9443ec
PDF Text
Text
Commencement Address by
Dr. Russell G. Mawby
President, W. K. Kellogg Foundation
at
Northern Michigan University
Marquette~ Michigan
December 19, 1981
OLD VALUES
ill~D
NEW EXPECTATIONS
Subtitled:
IIS a nta Claus and Mr. Slurpee versus PacMan ll
1.
I am deeply honored to be asked to address this 1981
graduating class.
I arrived on campus yesterday, and have
appreciated the opportunity to visit with students, parents,
and faculty.
One senses that Northern Michigan is a
university with a purpose, and that your reputation for
creative and effective programs is well deserved.
Thank
you for letting me be with you today.
To you who are graduating, I add my congratulations
to those already expressed.
For each of you, this is an
occasion long awaited, one of those instances in a person's
life when you can have both a sense of satisfaction in
�past aChievement) and a special excitement for the future.
I would add
\.
a word
\
of congratulations to all who have
contributed in making this day a reality.
I think first
of parents and families, and in some instances husbands or
wives and children who have sacrificed their personal
interests so you might study at Northern Michigan University.
And I think of all the people who are Northern Michigan,
those who have gone before -- establishing, building, and
sustaining this institution; and those who currently carry
forward their work -- members of the University Board of
Control, faculty, officers and staff, alumni, and friends.
I approach my assignment this morning knowing not one
person came here for the primary purpose of hearing the
Commencement address.
If we are quite honest, each of you
has a much more personal -- and more important -- reason
for being here.
So my remarks will be brief and focused
on the topic of "Old Values and New Expectations;" subtitled:
"Santa Claus and Mr. Slurpee versus PacMan.
subtitle later.
2
II
More on that
�II.
I should first mention that the Foundation which I
rep r
e n t has for some 50 years seen education as a primary
focus for how it might help individuals, institutions, and
communities create better lives and a better society
much as you have seen a college education as the avenue to
personal growth and success.
Today, the Foundation's
programming efforts are within the broad fields of health,
education, and agriculture, and extend to four continents.
But the Kellogg Foundation began its programming
right here in Michigan in 1930, and the Foundation has
maintained a special commitment to the needs of our state
and citizens.
That commitment has included support for a
number of programs in the Upper Peninsula, going back
nearly 50 years.
Recently we have provided funds to
improve diagnostic health care services or to est - l i s h
intensive care and burn care units at hospitals all across
3
�the Upper Peninsula, from Iron Mountain to Sault Sainte
Marie, and from Escanaba to here in Marquette at St.
Mary's and St. Luke's hospitals, and Marquette Medical
Center.
Small public libraries, as well as college and university
libraries, have received financial support to expand
availability of books to both citizens and students in the
Upper Peninsula through a national, computerized library
network.
Such Kellogg grants have gone to Northern Michigan
University, as well as Lake Superior State College, Michi g an
Tech University, and county libraries in such areas as
Crystal Falls, Escanaba, Gladstone, Houghton, Manistee,
and Ontonagon.
Most recently, our Foundation provided
over $1.5 million to the Upper Peninsula Health Education
Corporation, based here in Marquette, in a program to
improve the availability of medical care In the Upper
Peninsula.
Robert Glenn, Northern Michigan University's
provost, is chairman of this non-profit Corporation's
4
�board of directors.
He summarized the importance of the
Corporation's family practice medical residency program
when he noted recently: "The Corporation believes that by
training young physicians in the Upper Peninsula, we can
inevitably convince them that to practice medicine in the
Upper Peninsula is a good investment of both their personal
lives and their professional careers."
And, of course,
the bottom line is that the Upper Peninsula needs more
doctors.
All of these efforts supported by the Kellogg Foundation,
totaling some $3 million in grants in the Upper Peninsula,
are, then, focused on better availability and use of
knowledge to solve human problems -- for the reality is
that as a society we know much more than we have been able
to effectively use for human advancement.
End of sales pitch for the Kellogg Foundation and the
role of private philanthropy in addressing society's
needs!
5
�III.
As you graduate and move on either in your chosen
career or to further study, our society is confronted with
several large, value laden problems.
On one hand, how to
deal with America's faltering social and economic system.
On the other, how to respond rationally and responsibly to
unparalleled technological change and the ever growing
demands of a hungry and troubled world.
Your task of facing these challenges has been complicated
by errors of omission or fuzzy thinking by those who chart
our nation's course.
As Norman Podhoretz, editor of
Commentary magazine, has observed, only now, as a nation,
are we reawakening to the fact that social and economic
progress in this country are immutably tied together -- as
much as generation is linked to succeeding generation.
As
a nation, we Americans in the past 20 years have simultaneously
forgotten how far we've come, while being unrealistic
about how fast we can go in the future.
6
We have chosen to
�forget that in 1949, more than 15 percent of American
households had incomes of less than $3,000 in today's dollars.
By the late 1970s, the figure was only three percent.
While fewer Americans are truly poor today, more and more
people are becoming more and more affluent.
Right after
the second World War, fewer than 15 percent of American
households had incomes of $15,000, in today's dollars.
By
the late 70s, more than one-half enjoyed such an income.
The reality for all of us -- and especially members
of this graduating class -- is that such a rate of progress
in the years ahead will be difficult -- some would say
impossible.
You face a different world.
You grew up in an age when economic progress seemed
automatic.
Yet you are maturing in an era characterized
by rapid inflation and negligible economic growth.
You were born at a time when America's eminence was
unquestioned.
Yet you are maturing ln an era when economic
and political leaders increasingly are distributed among a
7
�growing number of nations, and at a time when .\merica's
leadership is increasingly questioned.
You grew up in an age of freer lifestyles.
Yet you
are maturing in an era marked by confusion and uncertainty
over the degree of government involvement in your daily
lives.
In the words of French philosopher Paul Valery, "The
trouble with our times is that the future is not what it
used to be."
How and indeed whether you
today's young adults --
can respond to tomorrow's uncertainties and challenges is
not clear.
For to be blunt, I see you as part of a generation
of which too little has been asked, and too little expected.
We have been wrong to tell you, constantly, that you
should be grateful for what you get, and yet have not
offered you the opportunity to give in return.
And we have failed to sufficiently emphasize to you
the rock bottom realities of the American social and
8
�economic system, a system in which we all must live, and
hopefully prosper.
Perhaps Michael Nov ak, in his essay "The American
Vision", summarizes those realities the best:
"The (American economic and social) system does
not guarantee success.
It does guarantee opportunity.
It multiplies occasions for luck and good fortune.
It is an open, porous, highly mobile system.
Downward
mobility is as characteristic of it as upward mobility ....
"In one sense our culture is committed to equality;
in another it is committed to inequality.
It holds
that equal work should receive equal pay.
It also
holds that superior work should be rewarded with
superior pay.
to a just wage.
It holds that every worker is entitled
It also holds that some persons of
9
�rare talent (or rare value t in whatever marketable
way) may receive rewards not so much commensurate
with their work as with their gift and its desirability.1I
What Novak is saying is that America was founded on
the principle that performance should be linked with
rewards; and that the marketplace should prevail.
Now, right here in Michigan t we are experiencing the
negative results of our society's move away from a clear
understanding and communication of this relationship
between social and economic progress in American society -and of the relationship between hard work and rewards
based upon performance, to human advancement and progress.
Your generation's ability to create a better future
for Michigan and all of America will
t
in my view, not be
determined by the elegance of your rhetoric; but by the
tangible consequences of your hard work; your understanding
of the economic, social, and political framework of this
10
�nation; and on your reconciling old values with new expectations
and needs.
IV.
We are on the eve of a technological revolution that
will find each of you -- as David Rockefeller of Chase
Manhattan Bank has noted -- thrown into a totally new
world; a world demanding both technical specialization and
broad gauged social awareness, and social values.
In a
span of just a few years ...
*
Most of you will have computer terminals in your
homes.
*
Many of you will be employed in regional work centers.
Some of you will have portable offices.
*
Our nation will be challenged by growing demands for
economic support from third-world, underdeveloped
nations.
11
�*
You will face complex, difficult decisions regarding
allocation and use of critical natural resources -for example, use of water from the Great Lakes.
*
You will find routine, dangerous, and undesirable
work taken over by automation.
*
And, most of you will likely have to attend school
several times -- or continuously -- during your
careers to become totally retrained as technologies
emerge.
"Intellectual obsolescence" will be a hard
reality in all phases of life.
In one respect, it will almost be as if the university
diplomas you receive today are written in "disappearing
ink."
For their value may lessen, or disappear, if you do
not keep the knowledge and skills they represent current
and uptodate through an indelible and lifelong commitment
to continuing education.
12
�Each of you should be particularly conscious that
while we as a nation are committed to equal opportunity,
in the course of life special benefit, advantage, or
privilege does accrue to some of us.
You, as 1981 graduates of Northern Michigan University,
are a privileged group -- privileged in several ways.
First, you are graduates of a distinguished university
which has a special record and tradition of service within
our state.
As Harold Enarson, president of a great but herewith
unidentified university to the southeast of us, has so
often and eloquently noted, university graduates must
assume a special responsibility for the future of their
alma mater.
For all of you, that means Northern Michigan
University should always be of special importance in your
lives.
It has shaped you in ways you do not now and may
never fully understand.
It has tested your intellect and
your perseverance, introduced you to the richness of
13
�campus life, and developed potentials you did not know you
had.
It has helped you develop your job skills, focused
your ambitions, and opened your eyes to the world beyond
Michigan.
It has taught you to cope, and it has helped
you to succeed.
Never forget -- this University has
contributed immeasurably to you and to the health and
welfare and prosperity of the Upper Peninsula, Michigan,
and the nation.
Never forget -- it is the glory of this
University that it belongs to everyone and to no one.
And, never forget, you must care about its future.
All
who treasure this University need ' you as strong fresh
allies in the cause of quality education.
Second, your education has been heavily subsidized by
the people of Michigan and the United States.
While you
have paid a high price in terms of time, energy, and
dollars, nonetheless, the education which you have received
has required support far beyond the fees you paid.
These
funds have come from public sources, through tax monies
14
�and private benefactors, including alumni, individuals,
foundations, and corporations.
In a sense, then, all of
us who are the beneficiaries of higher education should
impose upon ourselves a lifelong indenture to repay the
priviledge bestowed and to insure similar opportunity for
those who will follow.
V.
So much for comments about "Old Values and New
Expectations."
Well, almost.
Perhaps a word of explanation
is needed about my speech subtitle: "Santa Claus and Mr.
Slurpee versus PacMan."
Several days ago, I stopped in our local Seven-Eleven
grocery store.
Frankly, I am 'slightly addicted to that
icy, drink-like concoction known as a Root Beer slurpee.
Don't laugh; itls a truly fearsome addiction!
As usual,
the store featured a crowd of 8 or 10 youngsters surrounding
the new PacMan computer game machine.
The store rebounded
with the sound of the starship battle underway on the
t
15
�videoscreen, replete with exploding laser bombs and disintegrating planets; and augmented by loud, real live
teenage razzing of the youngster at the game's controls.
I asked the store clerk: "You must make quite a bit
off that machine.
II
He responded: "Yeah, especially when
the kids are off for the holidays.
day in quarters.
I!
We get about $300 a
The clerk then paused, and added:
"That's a problem too, though.
Parents have to come in
and drag their kids home."
Yes, as we all know, there are economic tradeoffs -particularly at the Holiday Season; and between old values
of family and home, and the siren song of new technology
in many forms; and tradeoffs certainly not just for teenagers.
Santa Claus and Mr. Slurpee versus PacMan.
A superficial
problem that is yet symptomatic of all sorts of far reaching
social and economic changes and challenges.
As university
graduates, it will be your responsibility to recognize and
�reconcile such small and large contradictions of life, and
the more profound problems and choices they often represent.
Remember that while all women and men have a birthright
of equal opportunity, their individual ability, hard work,
and performance must determine their rewards -- and assuredly
will determine the future of our society.
May good fortune be your fortune . . . I wish you
Godspeed.
17•
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
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JCPA-01_1981-12-19_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Old Values and New Expectations- Santa Claus and Mr. Slurpee Versus PacMan
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given December 19, 1981 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Northern Michigan University commencement.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Education
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
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1981-12-19
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/7f51f1b4b7c0ccd09824001ab3f7b104.pdf
7ae1f6707f16327f49c5fe275022ebee
PDF Text
Text
Remarks by Dr. Russell G. Mawby
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
at the
El Pomar Awards for Excellence Luncheon
Broadmoor Hotel
Colorado Springs, CO
December 15, 1989
I
I am delighted to be here for the first presentation of the El
Pomar Awards for Ex cellence Luncheon. There is something special
about being firs t ,
In the years ahead, as the presentation of
these awards becomes an annual event, all of us will be able to
say, "Oh, yes, we remember -- we were there the firs t year!"
I
want to compliment the Trusteeli of the El Pomar Foundation for
their vision and courage in this initiative; the Selection
.QQ!JUl1i..sJ3ion. who,
in their difficul t assignment, were indeed
walking an un charted path; and the finalists, a select few
identified for their distinguished accomplishments and service.
El Pomar Awards for Excellence!
part of this occasion.
It's a
thrill
for me to be a
Today we salute EXCELLENCE -- Excellence on the part of I!e-Qpl.e.,
who
through their organizations and institutions --- have
fulfilled their mission, performed their role especially well, in
an exemplary way.
Sometimes, in our society's desire to provide
opportunities for all and re ~ognition to many, we fail to express
our appreciation, our admiration for those who set the example,
serve as models for others, establish new patterns and standards
to which all can aspire.
Today, we salute that dimension of
Awards for Excellence.
life
through
these El Pomar
II
I confess that I am uncomfortable in my assignment today.
I feel
just as I always do when I agree to give a conunencement address.
When the moment finally arrives, it's sobering indeed to realize
that not a single person came to the conunencement ceremony to
hear the co~nencement speaker.
Today, if we are quite hones t , not a single person came to hear
the gues t speaker.
There is a much more exci ting agenda which
will unfold in just a few minutes.
Thus, I will intrude only
briefly on our afternoon's schedule.
Today, in this celebration we are focusing on the nonprofit
sector of society.
It's referred to by different terms
independent sector, the third sector, the nonprofit sector.
�2
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ty
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r CULTURAL ACT
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r
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e
a
t
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r
,
mu
s
eum
s
;
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t o
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r HUMAN SERV
ICES
YMCA
, B
ig B
r
o
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s
/B
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S
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t
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s
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a
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t
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t Fo
r Hum
an
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ty
, t
h
el
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s
t
go
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s on
;
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ch o
f o
u
r HEALTH SERV
ICES -n
o
n
p
r
o
f
i
th
o
s
p
i
t
a
l
s and
c
l
i
n
i
c
s
,v
i
s
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t
i
n
gn
u
r
s
e
s
,n
u
r
s
i
n
ghom
e
s
;
*
mu
ch o
f EDUCAT
ION
fo
rm
a
l and i
n
f
o
rm
a
l
,l
i
b
r
a
r
i
e
s
,
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o
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a
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n
g
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i
chm
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to
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cs
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s
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s
;
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lo
fo
u
r REL
IG
IOUS and SP
IR
ITUALACT
IV
IT
IES
;
l
'
c
mu
ch o
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r RECREAT
ION
, i
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rs
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r
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s
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rC
IV
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, SOC
IAL
, and FRATERNAL o
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g
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IAT
IVES r
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�3
I find Erma Bombeck a bit much sometimes, but several years ago
she wrote a very moving account of what the world would be like
without volunteers and philanthropy.
She said: "The schools were
strangely quiet, with no field trips, no volunteer aides on the
playground or in the classrooms ... as were the colleges where
scholarships and financial support were no more.
The flowers 011
church altars withered and died.
Children in day nurseries
lif ted their arms, but there was no one to hold and love them.
Alcoholics cried out in despair, but no one answered, and the
poor had no recourse for heal th care or legal aid.
But the
saddest part of the journey was the symphony hall which was dark
and would remain that way.
So were the museums that had been
built and stocked by the volunteers with the treasures of our
times.
The hospital was quiet as I passed it.
Rooms were void
of books, flowers, and voices.
The child ren's wing held no
clowns ..• no laughter.
The reception desk was vacant.
The home
for the aged was like a tomb.
The blind listened for a voi ce
that never came.
Food grew cold on trays that would never reach
the mouths of the hungry. All of the social agencies had closed
their doors, unable to implement their programs of Scouting,
recreation, drug control, Big Sisters, Big Brothers, YW, YM, the
retarded, the crippled, the lonely, and the abandoned.
The
heal th agencies had a sign in the window, "the search for cures
for
cancer,
muscular
dyst rophy,
birth
defects,
multiple
sclerosis, emphysema, sickle cell anemia, kidney disorders, heart
diseases, e t c , , have been cancelled due to lack of interest."
All that stands between us and the chilling world envisioned by
Erma Bombeck is the line of people who volunteer -- people who
care enough to give their money and their time, their talents,
and their hearts.
III
In the bigness and the busyness of life in the world today, it is
sometimes easy to deplore the role of
the individual in
addressing large societal problems.
But I remind you that only
people are important, and that only people make a difference.
Today
in
these
Awards
presentations,
we
may
recognize
organizations or institutions, but each of us knows that these
entities are simply a composite of the people who comprise them.
The effectiveness of the EI Pomar Foundation is not a consequence
of its investment portfolio but of the people who are its
Trustees and staff.
The Selection Commission is only as wise as
the people who are its members.
And each of the finalists
organizations and institutions is a consequence of people -- one
or two or a handful or many who care, who are committed, and who
carry out their mission.
�4
As I think about today and tomorrow and the importance of each
individual, I often remember a few lines that I learned in a
two-room country school:
I am only one but I am one;
I can't do everything, but I can do something;
What I can do I ought to do;
And what I ought to do, by the grace of God I will do.
If each of us will do what we can and ought to do in the various
roles of life, we will be doing our bit to better the human
condition in our time and in our world.
What bet ter goal can
anyone seek?
My congratulations.
RGM:lpt64
I wish you Godspeed.
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
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Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
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Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
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application/pdf
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eng
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JCPA-01
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1938-2012
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
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JCPA-01_1989-12-15_RMawby_SPE
Title
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Russell Mawby speech at the El Pomar Awards for Excellence luncheon
Creator
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Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given December 15, 1989 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the El Pomar Awards for Excellence luncheon.
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Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
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Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
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Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
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eng
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
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1989-12-15
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application/pdf
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Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/adf18f3776fe6d8b943e5a61c75c1f32.pdf
05540f1273432f1b0c2de71ad4a21c5f
PDF Text
Text
•
INNOVATION:
KEY TO BETTER. HEALTH AND EDUCATION
Remarks by Dr. Russell G. Mawby
President, W. K. Kellogg Foundation
at the
First American Health Congress
Chicago, Illinois
August 9, 1972
I
I am delighted to be with you this morning.
Thank you for the privilege
of participating in the program of the American Health
As many of you know, I am a
r~lative
Congres~
'72.
newcomer to our Foundation's staff
and particularly to my current responsibilities.
This is my first oppor-
tunity t.o attend a national conference i.n the health field.
Accordingly, as
a part of my own personal program of continuing education, I welcome the op portunity to participate in the various sessions of this Congress , to view
and discuss the exhibits and, especially, to meet and visit with so many of
you informally.
It is exhilarating and gratifying to be a part of a -pioneering event such
as this first Congress.
I join others in expressing congratulations to your
four organizations--the American Hospital Association, the Catholic Hospital
Association, the American Nursing Home Association, and the Health Industries
Association--for their vision and leadership in bringing about this joint
annual professional meeting.
Too many of our efforts in the complex area of
health a r e characterized by fragmentation and diversity, rather than comprehensiveness and coordination.
This Congress is a tangible recognition of the
commonality of concern, purpose, and interest of your four constituent groups.
I commend you.
�2
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�6
comprehensiYeness of care; delivery systems; financing; community focus;
and operational effectiveness.
It is to issues such as these that innovative efforts in health care
must be directed.
IV
In the pluralistic tradition of our American society, the particular role
of private philanthropy to societal progress is the encouragement of innovation.
While philanthropic resources are almost miniscule in relation to total expenditures of the American public fOl health, philanthropic funds represent the risk
capital which has been responsible for many irillovations in health technology,
education, and delivery.
While the operating 'budge t s of many of the institutions
which you represent are larger than the budget of the Kellogg Foundation, our
funds are essentially "unr-estr-Lc t.ed" whereas the typical institutional budget
is pre-connnitted, with little flexibility or- option for creative and uncertain
undertakings.
As a part of your institutional situation, it is apparent that the present
pattern of reimbursement by third-party payers constrains managerial flexibility
and responsiYeness and inhibits experimentation and change.
It does not seem
ulll'easonable to expect you, as health care leaders, to take an initiating responsibility in bringing about improvement in reimbursement arrangements, including
the institutionalization of the costs of new techniques or patterns once their
value has been verified.
To do less is a dereliction of your pr-of'e s s i.ona.L prerogative.
Obviously, because there is great diversity in the purposes, philosophies,
and procedtJes of the foundations of this country, I cannot speak for all.
It
is a safe generalization, howe,rer, that private foundations are concerned that
their limited resources be directed not to general operational purposes or to
"more of the same" but rather to significant pioneering vent.ur es ,
�'I
To i llus t r a te the contribution of philanthropy in health care, I will
use t h e foundatio n wi th which I am as sociated and wi t h whi ch I am most
familiar.
As those of you who know our Foundation appreciate, we are
concerned with the application of kn owledg e t o the problems of peop le.
do not support research per see
We
Rather, our orientation grows out of the
r e cogni t i on of the fact that one of t h e problems of our society is t he effe ctive utilization of available kno,rledge, in effect putting to use that
which is known.
Beyond this, we are people-oriented, focusing upon signifi-
cant problems which relate to human well-being.
In t he endeavors we support,
we are concerned with the potential for replication of ideas successfully
demonstrated and with the cost-bene f i t ratio of the expenditure.
One example of such suppor t was the development of the intensive care
unit as a s ignificant advancement in the hospital fi eld.
The Foundation's
aid was extended to a selected number of hospitals when the idea was in its
infancy.
The experiences of these pioneer units were car efl1lly evaluated, and
in ke.ep i.ng with the Foundat i on ' s concern vith dissemi nation, were l<rio.ely dist :;:'ibuted t o the f i el d.
Another exampl e- - r e coga i zi ng the importance of the
contribution of management engineering to both patient care and cost cont a i nment , the Foundation was an ear l y supporte:c of program efforts to t.h i.s end ,
particula rly using the approach of multiple hospitals sponsorship.
Finally,
for many years the Foundation has encouraged the sharing of resources by
health care institutions and organizations.
Currently we are aiding a number
o f "shared. services models" in various parts of the country .
The hope is that
the exp eriences of thes e selected programs will be of assistance to the field
at l ar ge in terms of their consideration of like endeavors.
�8
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sw
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3
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upon t
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rests o
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on
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com
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tth
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h
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rom v
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J.. Reorga.nization of ambulatory health services away from an endless
series of specialty-oriented clinics to a more comprehensive
family-centered health service unit utilizing such qualified per-sonnel as lliITSe practitioners and physicians assistants for health
maintenance functions, preventive health programs, and long-term
supervision of chronic conditions.
In this regard, perhaps thought
should be given to the implementation of the concept of vertical
car e , ,;·lith an ambitious implementation of the principles of p:ceventive medicine and provision of quality health care in the
Leas t-cco s t manner and c i.rcumst.ance .
2. Development of institution-based outreach programs, such as home
care, primary care clinics in under-served areas. and appr-oprLat.e
linkages or relationships with other c.are providers, such a.s
nursing homes.
3. Adoption of the problem-oriented medical reeord and approach to
medical practice, not only for in-patient services but for ambu.l.at.or y
and out-·patient programs as well.
4. Development of rational patterns for handling true emergency medical
prob.Lems , with the division of labor amongst institutions along
rational lines and with an integrated transportation and communications system.
c;
Development of effective programs of in··patient education for illness
management, with an improvement of the patient's understanding of
his problem and the procedures that will be performed, and with an
�12
"
emphasis upon the patient's appropriate responsibility for his
individual rehabilitation and continuing health maintenance.
6. Further development and systemization of the relationship of
education and service in the health fields.
Not only must there
be dramatic changes in the educational processes and relationships
by which people become qualified and prepared for health careers;
there must also be improvement in relationships between educational
institutions and health service institutions and settings.
Somehow
we must bring to reality the much-discussed concept of a health
delivery network
delivery.
HS
it r el at e s to both educ ation and health care
St.art.Lng with the health needs of the individual, this
must consider the totality and multiplicity of components in the
delivery system:
the individual private practitioner, the local
clinic or service center, public health agencies, the specialized
cJinic, the community hospital, the large metropolitan health centel',
and the great teaching and research centers.
Each is a vital element
but failures in coordination, continuity, comprehensiveness, compassion,
too often leave the individual confused and inadequately attended.
7. Enhancement of preservice and inservice education in the hospital
setting for hea.Lt h personnel.
This setting is not only appropria.te
but essential for certain aspects of education and training.
Hospitals
are becoming more conscious of their educational r ole and in many
instances are beginning to establish institution-wide education and
t l'aining programs.
Such programs encompass employee orientation,
on-the-job training, supervisory development, car e er mobility,
clinical instruction, inservice education, patient educat::'on, and
c0mmunity education.
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
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JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1972-08-09_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Innovation: Key to Better Health and Education
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given August 9, 1972 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the First American Health Congress.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
Charities
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Education
Health
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1972-08-09
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/25eb5938c03511d6e06ff9a81ebc2182.pdf
586cd4d82d8a2c03c9c11eb34a0b5a12
PDF Text
Text
Groundbr eak ing Ce r e mo n y
Wild l i f e Edu c a ti o n Cente r
Bi nd e r Pa r k Zo o
Au gu s t 5 , 1981
Russe l l G. Mawby, Pr e s i d e n t
W. K. Ke l logg Fou n d a t i on
I am de l igh t e d t o b e he re thi s morn ing .
Th e Bi nd e r Pa r k Zoo
h a s ac hieve d an e x ce ll e nt record o f s u c c e s s i n the p a s t
three years , and oft en i n t h e face o f adverse economi c,
gen era l opera ting, a n d weath e r c o n d i t i o n s .
Th e Zo o a ls o r epre s en ts an i mpre s s i v e e x a mp le o f c ommu n i t y
sel f -ini t i ativ e and a c h i ev e men t ; wh ereby a group o f c i t i z e n s
recogni z ed a commu n ity n eed and t hen o r g an iz e d t o p lan ,
fun d , and ca rry ou t Zoo a c t i v it i e s , and wi thou t re l i a n c e on t a x
o r gov e r nme n ta l mo n e y .
Tod ay v o lunt e e r s f r om t h r o ughou t t h e a r e a a r e memb e rs o f t h e
Zoo' s Bo a r d o f Dire ctor s; ar e h e lping t o p hy si cally bu i ld
a n d ma i n ta in t h e Zo o ; a nd ar e s erv ing a s do c e n t s , or v ol unte e r
�2
teachers, to make possib l e a gre a tly expanded Zo o e d u ca t ional
ou tr ea ch program.
As we be g i n t h e c ons t r u ction o f t h e Wi ldli f e Educ a t i on
Cen ter, t h e Zoo ' s f i r s t permanen t b ui l d ing , i t sho u l d b e
n o t ed t h a t ne a r ly 5 0 0 area f a mi l i e s are a ctive c o nt ribu to rs
to and p a rt i c i p a n t s i n Zoo ac tiv it i e s th rough t hei r a n n u a l
membersh ips; alon g with t housan d s o f o t h e r a rea ci tiz en s who
r e gu l a rl y v i s i t th e Zo o .
It h a s b een the se ind iv i d u als , as
we ll a s con tr ibutions from pr i v a t e fo unda tions i n o u r commun i t y
a n d such c i v i c l e a d e r s a s Bob Mil l e r, Beulah Kenda l l , and
th e Keith Sc h r o de r f a mi l y who have mad e this d ay po s s ibl e.
I ' m fami l iar wi t h t he Zo o ' s clever and ef fec t i ve "Adop t an
An i mal " p r o g r a m.
Bu t I would s u b mi t t h a t i n many r e s p e c ts ,
t h e e n t i r e Zoo ha s b e e n a d o p t e d by are a c it i z ens .
And i t i s
a n adop t ion ba s ed on more s u b st a n t i a l r e a s o n s th an i f th e
Zo o wa s me r e ly an e l a b o rate, e x pen s i v e c ol l ec t i o n o f an ima ls
and e x h i b i t s .
�3
One of the p ri mar y strengths o f the Zoo t o dat e -- a n d
r easons fo r it s broad-ba s ed commun ity s u pport -- has be en
it s emp h a s is on educational programs fo r ch ildren ,
Mr .
W. K. Ke llogg, t h e f o under o f t h e Kellogg Founda tion, was
fond of sayin g that " educ a t ion o ffers the greate s t oppor tunity
f o r re al l y imp roving one g enera tion ov e r anoth e r. "
Man y o f
the Kellogg Foundation's gran tmaking effort s ove r th e year s
have r e flec t ed t h a t commitment and be l i e f r e g ard ing t he
impo rtance of educat ion i n ou r socie ty.
Th a t has b e en the
Fou n d a t i o n ' s go al in providing f i n a n c i a l suppor t for t he
Zoo.
More than 12,000 peop le' we r e s erv e d by~Z~o~o~~~~ch
a_
ctivi
_ _t ie s l a st year, as we l l as by t he Zoomob i l e f i e l d '7day s
and "Living Te x t b o o k" programs at s c h o o l s t h r o u g h o ut t h e
-
commun ity .
More th a n 9,000 add i t iona l y oung s t er s p a r t i c i pa t e d
i n the e du c a t i on a l prog r ams of fer ed righ t he re at the Zoo.
�4
Th e Wildlife Education Cen t e r we begi n const ruc tion o n t o d a y
h a s been d e sc r ib e d a s "the h ea r t" o f a ll f u t u r e Zoo ope r a tions - particularly t h o se of a n educa tional n atur e -- b ec aus e it
will h o us e c las s r ooms, a c e n t rali zed an imal care f ac i l i t y ,
animal ho spi ta l, k itchen, and commi s sary.
The c h a l len ge for the Binder Park Zoo wi ll b e t o us e the
Wildl i f e Edu ca t ion Cen t e r to e n h an ce bo t h i ts outrea ch and
in-zoo p r o g r a ms .
Fo r i n s p it e o f s u c h a s u p e r b r e co rd o f
s e rv i ce t o dat e, t h e Zoo f a c e s both a promi si n g a nd c ha l l engin g
fut ur e .
The key wil l b e con t inued e mp h a s is on qua li ty
educ at iona l programs, a n d on v olun t ary s u p p o r t a n d c i t i z en
invo l vement within t h e Zoo 's 25-mi l e, 8 00, 0 0 0 popu l at i o n
s e r v i c e are a .
Th e Kellogg Foundation has be e n plea sed to b e a p a r tn er wi th
area ci t i zen s , a s wel l as o t her l oca l f o u n d at i o ns a n d orga niz ations ,
in he lping t o launch t he Bi nd e r Pa r k Zoo .
We are p r oud o f
th e Zoo' s g r owi n g r e p u ta t i o n na tional ly f o r out s t anding
�5
p rograms.
We are c onfiden t t h a t the Zo o wi l l build upon
th at r e co r d o f s e r vi c e and achi evement i n the ye ars ahe ad .
�
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Russell Mawby Papers
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Charities
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Philanthropy and society
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The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
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W.K. Kellogg Foundation
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<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
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1938-2012
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JCPA-01_1981-08-05_RMawby_SPE
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Russell Mawby speech at the Wildlife Education Center Dedication Ceremony
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Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given August 5, 1981 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the groundbreaking ceremony for the Wildlife Education Center.
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Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
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Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
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Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
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Education
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eng
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1981-08-05
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https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/77ccd50938c5c79c9957f6fe4285c4f3.pdf
873566c65f6a871282251be2f6924e44
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Text
"RURAL REFLECTIONS"
Remarks by Dr . Russell G. Mawby
Chairman a nd Chief Exec ut i ve Of f icer
w. K. Kellogg Foundati on
at the
49t h Annual Mee t i ng
of t he
Rural Sociologica l Soc i e t y
Salt La ke City , Utah
Augus t 28, 1986
1.
Thank you for t he pr i vi l ege of be i ng he r e and f or t he recognition
you are givi ng to me.
I, just as would you, f eel undeserving in
bei ng named to r e ce i ve thi s awa r d fo r Distinguished Service t o Rural
Life.
I confess to not understanding the mys t e rious proces s by
which such honors are bestowed, but I a cc ept t h i s tribute on behalf
of mysel f and my coll eag ue s at t he
~~ . K .
Kell ogg Founda t i on.
The
Foun dation, for more t han fi fty years, has been dedi ca t ed t o
assi st ing rural peopl e in addres s i ng thei r needs as a pa r t of the
broa der mis sion of t he Foundation .
Thus , we acc e pt thi s awar d as a
tribute to our ef fo rt s to as sis t you and other s who share this goal
and vision.
I appreciate al s o t he opportunity of meet ing here with s o ma ny who
sha r e a co ncer n with r ural li f e .
I a m delighted to be wi th s o many
good friends f r om bot h the distant and the recent past , and to meet
new friend s who share our concerns f or rural socie t y a nd f r om whom I
learn so much and gain s uc h inspiration.
I t is grea t to be with you:
�2
II .
When Dr . Wava Hane y, who chairs your awa r ds committee, co nt a c t ed me
about t h i s occasion , she invited me to add r ess t he members of the
Society a t t hi s luncheon meeting .
At t hat time , i t seemed a good
idea and a wonder ful opportunity .
But now, as t he moment has
arr ived , I exper ience the us ual s en s e of awe a nd inadequacy of thi s
co unt r y boy when invited to addr e s s a gr oup of experts f a r more
lear ned than I .
Each of you is an ex per t on t he t opi c of r ural
l i f e , or a segment of i t -- so we c ould l i te ral l y selec t our speak er
at random a nd be a s we l l s e rved.
Wha t I pr opos e to do in these few
precious moments is to s imply share s ome thoughts - - s ome
ref l ections -- on rura l Amer i ca, whi ch I hope wi l l be usef ul t o you .
In reviewing the pr ogr am for t his Annua l Mee t i ng , I am impr es s e d
even amaze d - - wi t h the range and variety of topi cs t o whi ch you ar e
addressing your atten tion .
f ollowing:
Onl y a sampl i ng woul d i nc lude the
Social Ana l ys i s and Nat ur a l Res our ce Age nci es ; Swamps
a nd Al ligators:
Rur a l Sociology and t he Farm Cri s i s ; Boomtowns;
Public Attitudes Towar d Agr icul t ur e ; Fa c t or s a nd Progr ams
Influencing Ac t i vity and Li f es t yl e s of t he Rur al Elderl y; Role of
the Socia l Sciences i n Agri cul t ur a l College Curricula i n 1990; Women
i n Agri cul t ure and Rur al Li f e ; Nonmetropol itan Popula tion Tr ends ;
Class Structure i n Ame r i can Agr i cu l t ure ; Tr ends i n Famil y Structure ;
The 1990 Cens us and Rur al America ; Rur al and Agric ul t ural
Ini t i a t ives of t he J oi nt Economic Commi ttee ; Community Development
�3
Teaching, Research, and Pr a ct ice ; Small Fa r ms a nd Pover t y ; Impacts
of t he Farm Cri s i s on Fa r mer s and Fa r m Fa mi l i es ; Women i n
Devel opment ; Rural Heal t h I nt e r e s t Group ; Rur al Crime a nd Deviance;
Impa c t of Public Pol i c y on Rura l Ar ea s ; The Nature of Rural Poverty
and Government Response ; a nd Regi onal Centers for Rur a l
Developmen t .
Tha t is only a sampling of the great cafet eria of
intellectual options a vai l abl e t o you in the ses s i ons this week.
I have had opportunity al s o to s can -- and wi ll read in de t a i l
t he J oi nt Economi c Commi t t ee r epor t, New Di mensi ons i n Rural
Policy:
Building Upon Our Her itage , t o which many of you
contributed s i gni f i cant l y .
This would appear t o be a compr ehensive
statement which i ncorporates 65 studie s on the rura l ec onomy and
society .
Fr om these a nd other sources , i t i s ap pa r e nt t h a t t here i s
a wealth of i nformation and thought rega rding is sue s confronting
rural Amer i ca .
Becaus e you are experts in the s e matters , there i s no ne ed for me to
de live r ye t anot her l i t a ny on rur al pe opl e and r ur al communiti e s
t heir past, their trials, t hei r f ut ur e .
things catch my attention:
variety in rural America.
But i n all of t hi s , two
f i r s t , there i s amaz i ng diversity a nd
Toda y , those rural communi t i e s dependent
upon commerical farming are pa r t i cul a rly a f f ect ed by the current
farm crisis.
The tax ba s e has eroded , incomes are down, there are
neither public fund s through taxation nor phi l ant hr opic fund s
through volunta r y giving to s us t a i n quali t y schoo l s, l ocal
governments, or prot ective an d human services.
�4
I n other rural communities, f a r mi ng i s a margi nal economi c
ent er pri s e , not unimp ortan t in t erms of qua l i ty of l i f e and
lif e s tyl e , but not pr ovi di ng an economic base f or l i veli hood .
Some
of t hes e communities a r e de pendent upon primary enterpris e s
mining, oil, or f or e s t r y .
Many a r e dependent upon s pec i a l
act i vities for economic via bili t y , such as touri sm or a mil itary
i nstallation .
Mo s t a r e ex peri enc ing out-migra t ion of t he young and
in- migration of retirees.
You know the de t a i ls best of a ll, but t he
underlying les s on i s s i mpl y that rural interests a r e ama zingly
diverse and non- cohe s i ve.
Thus , i t i s often di ff i c ult t o c oal e sc e
dive r se regions a nd diver gent views .
Rur a l New Engl a nd is qu ite
different fr om r ur al I owa , and both are diff er ent from r ural Al a ska .
Second , drawing up on t he amaz i ng a r r ay of de scr ipt ive a nd analytic
de tai l available t o us , we must search fo r a comprehens ive and
encompassing whole.
Somehow , the bits a nd piec es must be br ought
togethe r and must be interpreted in ways us e ful t o t hos e dealing
with the issues of t he moment and t he f ut ure, usef ul to t hose making
dec isions ab out rural iss ues an d l i vi ng t heir l i ves i n rural
set tings.
We need al s o to be r emi nd ed t ha t i n t he f i nal sense only
peo ple ar e import ant .
We should continue to focus upon t he
importance of the i ndi vi dua l, t he f ami l y , and t he communi t y .
pe rson is a cher i shed indi vidua l , not just a statis tic.
Each
Out of the
array of statistical a nd analytic informati on, a nd conc eptual a nd
theoretica l materials, we need s omehow t o be hel pful i n charting
pathways t o a bet ter t omorr ow.
�5
A parallel observation from the health prof essions may be useful.
As I reflect on the hea l t h s c ene in cont empor ar y America , I mar vel
at t he benefits of superb s peciali zati on - - ma rvel ous technology,
superbly prepared practitioners, an amazi ng capacity to pe r f or m
medi cal miracles .
But, with a ll of this t her e seems to be a
tendency to l os e the central f ocus on the pa t ient a s a human be i ng
-- wi t h hopes a nd dreams, home a nd loved ones , successes a nd
f a i l ur e s , foi bl es and f ears , and una nswe r ed ques t i ons.
The
compassion of the caring prof essions may be overwhel med by the
technology and i ntellectual power av ailabl e to them.
As we deal wi t h t he complex and intriguing i s s ues of rur a l society
from farm policy to menta l health to rural roads and br i dges - let us ke ep always in mind our ul t i mate conc e r n with peopl e.
To
f ail to do so would be inappropriate to our prof e s s ional calling.
II I .
The historic commitmen t of t he W. K. Kellogg Found ati on is t o "the
application of knowledge to the probl ems of pe opl e . "
We s a y
simplistical ly that " in most ar eas of human concern, we know better
t han we do . "
We know more about wha t good educat ion could and
shoul d be than is gene r a l ly exper i enced; we know more about what
hea lth care services coul d and should be than are generally
available; and we have the techni cal know-how t o fe ed multi ples of
the wor l d ' s current populations, while mi lli ons starve and go
hungry.
All of this i s not t o depreciate at a l l the importance of
�6
continuing r e s earch of eve r y kind, from t he mos t ba s i c and es ot e r i c
to the most a pplied.
In f a c t , most pro j ec ts t o which the Founda t i on
supplies assistance woul d be de s cri bed a s action or a ppl ied
re search, compr ised of demons t r a t ions or experiment s which mobi l iz e
knowl edge a nd know-how f r om a vari ety of di s c i pli nes or ' speci a l t y
f i el ds and eval uate t he i r eff ec t i veness in var ious ap pr oa che s
a ddr e s s i ng human needs .
An une nding cha llenge in our s oc i e ty i s t o
put t o use in bene f i c i a l ways the r ich intellectual r e source s
avai lable to us fr om r es ea r ch and ot her schol a r ly a ct i vi t i es .
St eppi ng ba ck and taking a br oad vi ew of the rural s cene in our
nati on and beyond , r e c ogni zi ng t he rea l i t i es of the moment in the
context of the her itage of the pa s t an d t he options of t he f ut ur e ,
a nd considering cour s es of ac t i on t ha t mi gh t be doabl e a nd
construc tive i n t e rms of bet t e r i ng the human circumstance s of the
rural s cene , I would share with you very bri efly the f ol l owi ng
no tions wh i ch seem pr omi s i ng .
1 .
We need a clear ar tic ul a t i on of pol icy al t e r na t i ves at t he
local , s t a te, a nd national levels wh i ch could c ontribute to
vitality in the countryside.
Bas i c t o s uc h pol icy
considera tions i s the ultimate question , doe s "rural" rea l l y
ma t ter ?
Shoul d we be concerned a t al l a bou t the dete r i or a t i on
of t he count ryside
t he di s a ppeara nce of cr os s r oads
communi t ies, t he s t r uggl es of coun t i e s and count y- s ea t town s
to s t a y alive, t he di l emma of peo pl e de s i r i ng t o l i ve i n rural
se t ti ngs ?
I s a vital r ur al Amer i ca a desirabl e or nece s s ar y
�7
cou nterpoint to a vibrant urba n Ameri ca ?
I s t he r e clea r ,
objective, a nd pe r s ua s i ve ev i dence t hat Amer i ca ' s f ut ur e wi l l
be t he lesser i f the vi tal i t y of the countr ys i de dimi nishe s
and Ameri ca's life i s i ncr ea s i ng l y concentra t ed i n urba n
centers ?
My sense of history and societal as pirations , my limited
unde r s tanding of the human co ndition, and t he basic thrust of
my value s and biases suggest tha t we do need to be c oncer ned
with nurturing rural , sma ll t own, non-metropolit an America as
an important pa r t of our t ot a l nationa l f a bric.
If so, we
need expert s like you to provide a clear de s cr i pt i on of pol i cy
al t er na t i ves , their components and their conse quences , so t ha t
deci sion makers can a c t responsib ly a nd responsive l y i n these
changi ng t i mes .
As a l a yman , I se e your professional pos t ur e as general l y
r etrospective, not an uni mpor t a nt cont r ibut i on .
But we
desperatel y need your experti s e t o help sha pe the future - - t o
ass i st in influencing what mi gh t be , what co ul d be , and what
should be.
2.
In an er a of restrict ed publi c budgets an d shrinking fe de r al
programs, r ur a l areas ne ed new multi -organizational models f or
the del i ver y of health car e, ed ucation, and ot her human
s e rvi ce s .
The s e initiatives should cro s s poli tica l a nd
�organizationa l boun darie s and crea te inter-institut i ona l and
inter-governmen tal pa r t ne rsh i ps among publi c agenc i es ,
universities ( i ncl udi ng the Coope r a t i ve Ext ens i on Ser v i c e ),
community co lleges , vocational-technical cente r s , human
servic e agenci e s , and voluntar y organi za t ions.
Such model s
shoul d be developed a nd operat ed f or i mplementation of
cost-effective pr ocedur e s to pr ovide be t t e r an d more effective
s e r vi c es in r ur al c ommuni ties .
Pa r t ne r sh i ps and cooperation
established among the se organi za tions shoul d also f a c ili t a t e
joint ef f or t s i n economic de velopment - - j ob generati on .
Maki ng availa bl e a de c ent job s e ems sti l l to be ba sic t o
serving human ne eds.
3 .
Lea de r sh i p development program s for r ural area s are
important .
The r e is a need for more active and eff e c t i ve
publ i c affairs partic ipants in rural communi t i e s , with
a ppr opri a te s uppor t i ve l i nkages t o universities , community
col leges , or l oca l Coope r a t i ve Extensi on Services .
Lea de r s
f r om a broad cross sect i on of organi zations and institutions
from the same communitie s should be trained , gi ven ex perience
i n l oca l pr oblem s olving , and encouraged t o join s upportive
networ ks .
Special attention sh oul d be given to t he
eff ectiveness of ci t i zen boards, whi ch c ont r i but e s o
cr i tical l y to t he cha r ac t e r an d qua li t y of community life .
�9
Special projects i n leadership de velopmen t shoul d foc us on
rural and smal l community governmental of f i c i a l s to help t hem
become mor e ef f ec t i ve and to encour age innovative experiments
in human service del i ve r y .
4.
Spec i a l assistance sh oul d be provided to elec t ed and ap poin ted
officials i n county a nd l ocal governmen t .
Mos t are employed
ful l t i me el s ewhe re and a s s ume public office a s a par t - time
civic dut y .
Their c ommun i t i e s f ace complex a nd common
problems associated wi t h wat er and sewage mana gement, solid
waste dis pos a l, trans portati on, ene r gy us e , l a nd use
management , fi r e and pol i c e protection , ed ucation , cul t ural
activities, a nd t he deli ver y of human s e r vi c es .
The knowledge resources of univer s i ties, community colleges,
and othe r public age nci es should be made avail abl e t o l oca l
governments in creative ways t o addr e ss their ne ed s.
5.
Fi na lly , the intellectua l ba s e:
f ur t her and more
comprehensive ap proa che s to rural i s sue s need t o be nurtured.
Scholars f r om a br oad range of field s of study - - r ur al
s oci ol ogy and sociology , poli tica l science , economic s ,
a nt hropol ogy , law , hea l t h , educa t i on, en gi neer i ng, business,
economic devel opment -- should be encouraged to work toge t her
in a ddressing rural i s s ues a nd des i gni ng strategies for
ameliorative action.
As with urban devel opment cent er s and
�10
i nstitutes in the 1960s and 1970 s, the e f f orts of sch ol ars
wi t h interests in economic development and j ob cr ea t i on ,
service s del i very , human re s ource development, and natural
r es our c es ca n pr ovide vis ibility a nd academic legi t i ma cy f or
wor k in rural so ciety.
TV.
A cl osing thought :
Who speaks f or rur a l Amer i ca ?
At the moment ,
t he voice of rural America seems rel a tively weak and br oadl y
di s persed .
The r e i s no resounding ch orus being heard i n the ha lls
of Congre s s or stat e l eg is la t ur e s , i n t he execut i ve of f i c es of
Wa shington or sta t e ca pi tal s, the boa r d r ooms of the corpor ate
wor ld, or the i vor y towers of a cad eme.
Few i n polit i cal circles
hang their f utur e s on rural i nt eres t s; l a nd-grant uni ve r s i t y
leaders , onc e t he s pokespersons on s uch s ociet al issue s , se em
preoccupied wi t h i ns t i t ut iona l conce r ns ; de a ns of a gricul t ure, whos e
predeces s ors created progr ams i n home ec onomi c s and fami ly l i vi ng,
rural education , rural s ociology , and mor e, are i mme r sed i n
agricultura l technology ; f a r m or ga ni za t i ons a r e f r agmented by
commodity interes ts; a nd aca demi c i a ns too oft en seem c ont ent wi t h
end i ng their intellectual pur sui t s with de s cri pt i on , analys i s , and
conc eptual co n j ecture , being unwi l ling or s ee ing it a s inappr opria t e
t o move f orwa rd i n s ugges t i ng , counseling, and catalyz i ng
c ons t ruc t i ve cours es of a ct ion .
Resea r ch - - t he generat i on of new
knowledge - - is exalted , as it should be.
Teachi ng and ex t en sion --
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tho
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ly
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e
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t
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n
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t w
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tmigh
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w
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rg
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ld exho
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t
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a
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ys
t
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lp
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ir f
u
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llq
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ro
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o
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l
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g
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l
ly
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en
comp
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p
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.
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l
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ak
supfo
r ru
r
a
l
? I hop
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.
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7
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Identifier
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JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1986-08-28_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Rural Reflections
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given August 28, 1986 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the 49th Annual Meeting of the Rural Sociological Society.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1986-08-28
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/33a14fcaa560bf7d6f1d76abdaed6027.pdf
c8d1361a853b78c073bb8b69697edaee
PDF Text
Text
Remarks by
Russell G. Mawby, President
Board of Directors
The Educational Founda't i ouof Alpha Gamma Rho
Knoxville, Tennessee
August 28, 1974
This morning the balance of our breakfast program will foc us on The
EducationalFoundat i on of Alpha Gamma Rho.
On behalf of the Foundation Board,
I wish to express our appreciation to the Executive Council and the Program
Committee f or this opportunity of reporting to our National Convention.
I
will be sharing with you briefly some of the highlights of your Foundation's
progress to date and sharing with you our plans for the future.
Mo s t of us know too l ittle about the Educational Foundati on of our
fr aternity.
We need to better understand its purposes and its potential if
the Foundation is to make its maximum contribution to our brotherhood.
Alpha Gamma Rho, as all of us realize, is a very complex organization
with our net wor k of active chapter s , alumni groups, and the Nat ional Fraternity.
Each of these elements has all sorts of needs--for physical facilities, for
the operational budgets of local chapters, for the activities of our National
Office.
As members, we are obligated to fulfill these needs.
Contributions
by a lumni and f r i end s of the fraternity do not qualify as deduct ions f or
charitable or educ at i ona l purpose s under f ederal income tax regulations.
In
r eco gnition of this f act , there developed the concept of a tax-exempt educational fou ndation as a n auxiliary unit of our fraternity.
This idea was fi rst
considered at our national convention ten years a go and was authorized at the
national convention eight years ago, in 1966.
As stated in the Founda t i on ' s by-laws, the general purpos e s are to provide
financial support : for educational and scientif ic purposes; to aid and a s si s t
needy a nd deserving students in securing a better education ; and to promote and
�2
encou r a ge s cientific , philosophic , and l it erary ende avo rs .
To ac c ompli s h these
pill po s es , t he Edu cat i ona.l Foundation =_ s author i ze d to r ec e i.ve mon ey or
'by
prope ·,~ty
gi f t , Dev i s e or beque st 1 a nd t o hold, manage, invest , and expend
such a s s et s f or the study, experimen tat ion, a nd advanc 6 nent of agTi cult 1u2 or
areas of related endeavor.
More epee Lf'Lc.a.Ll.y, f unds a dmi ni s t er e d by the
Founda't Lon ar e us ed to: pi-evad e a s s istanc e to needy s t ud ents through gr ant s and
l oans ; en coura ge academic exc el lence--t hr ough scholar ships and spec ial awards to
i ndividuals s t u dents ( i ncl udi ng students out side the f rat erni t y) , a nd f or c hapt er
award s f or ov er - al l a cademic excellence (to b e used for educ at i ona l purpos es );
and to stimulate a cademi c excellence t hr ough sup port of chapteT reference
libr ar i e s and ot h er study fac ilit ies, and through support of tutorial and
counseling programs.
Or gan izat i onally , the Edu cat i onal Foundation i s an autonomous, taxex empt , ch aritable , non- prof i t corpor a tion .
The memb er sh i p i ncl ude s any
member of Al pha Gamma Rho who has co nt ribut ed $1 00 or more on an accumulative basis .
At t h e present time ther e ar e 63 memb er s; a t t he an nu al
me et i ng of t h e membership held last ev en ing , ten memb er s were pres ent.
I hope t hat mor e of you in attendanc e a t t his conv enti on wi l l be
motivated t o become members.
The Foun dat i on is managed by a Board of Directors composed of six members,
each el ect ed for a six-year term .
t~ :L'ms
Directors cannot b e r e- elec t ed to su c c es s i v e
on t he Board .
I hav e t h e pl easure now of serving as the President of the Educational
Poun da t i on ,
I am an alumnu s of Tau Chapt er a nd am now the Pres ident of t he W. K.
Kellogg Foundat ion in Battle Creek , Mi c h i ga n.
Our Edu cational Foun dat i on 1s
Vi c e Pr e sident i s Dr. Emil Mrak of Chi Chapter , Chanc el l or Emeritus of the
Univers ity of California at Davis.
Our Treasurer is Dr . Glenn Sullivan of
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be even mor e product:::'ve .
The d i scour-a g i.n g ob s ervation is t h a t o f t h e 26 , 000
a lumni of Alp ha Gamma Rho , only 902 responded with c. ont :cihut i o n s last year.
Anything you, your a c tive c h a pt e r s ,
01'
a l umn i groups c a n do t o e n courag e par-
t ic ipation will be helpful and a p pr e c i s ted .
( 3) An e s t a t e planning program to e ncour a ge g i f t s a nd b equests.
We are
now in the pr o c e s s of a major r evf.s ion of the publication, tiTh e Challenge, " wh i ch
provid e s techni c al information regarding such c ontributions.
reflect t h e l at est regulations of feder al tax laws.
Th e L'evision will
Th is will then b e u sed as
the basis fo r a n exper imental program to contact alumni who ma y o e i nt er es ted
i n eatat, e pla n nin g.
'lIe ar e dev eloping plans to b e ab l e t o provide i ncUvidual
coun s el and gu idan c e In "forking out est ate p l a n s which will s erve indiv idual
ne ed.s and Hj l l aLso hel p th e pur pos es of t h e Educ a tio nal F ounda t ion .
T·re v i Ll, undert ake
an
Init iall y ,
exp er iment a l prograw in a t lea s t two s t a t e s and Hill
opeiat .e on a n opportuni st i c b a s is e l s e whe r e a s t h e re may b e evad enc e of i n tere s t
in t hi .3 appro a c h,
Th a t 's the re SOl.'.I'SE: side:
We' i' E: small , "bu t gi' m ring .
VIe n eed your h el p .
OUi' progr e s s in p r o grams , o f c ourse> i s related t o our pro gres s in s ec uiLng
re s ou rc e s.
He c annot und ei-t.ak e more than we can afford .
l imi.tations of
1.
OV.!'
Thus , wi. t hin the
r esc urc e a , we have under tak e n the f ollowing programs;
la t c h i ng grant s to chapter s for educat i onal pur pose s .
Iv
The s e gra nt s
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1974-08-28_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech to the Educational Foundation of Alpha Gamma Rho
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given August 28, 1974 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation on the progress of the Foundation Board of Alpha Gamma Rho.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
Charities
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Education
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1974-08-28
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text