5 24 294 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/a07c5bb7a04ab6d41decc11fc9d0b7ea.pdf 565e1ed73ae7d08ef0350d2ea210a212 PDF Text Text fL( S u s:Ld ~ ~u..~• ..i'vv)~JL- 3, \~b -..,..----..... ( J-. 1 ) .• , L.. ( �~ - I t l .a - / 0 0 cf lei -/ "L , . . . , J~ f < r & . £ , . ~'- ---- -- .-. - ~ ~-~ ~ Jz c , 1 ' 'f r - I- tJ .t , ... J o . . . ' �"\ I fPc... ~ 0 ( 1 .J1&.....<- I ~- 6 - l / ; t} f .....~ .L ... -~ j , . .< .c - ~ e . , do ' 5 ' - L~~..-' / ~ - _ ,... ~ ~~ / ' I . r , t ~ ---I cr ~ ~ / , L . . . . . . , u f 1 \ . r . J - ~~ ' \~ } -~- v.- A e....-. ~ . l -, ' t - " \ ) :h ' 0 A . . .a c..J I �~~ / . ~~ ~~ ~ . . . .R )~ ~ 1 r - Ii L ) ? ~ c R ~ ,e . . . . . . . ( y ~ f · J -i , , ) ' . - j �OJ ' J~ ~----- / ' .... 6 v -L ~ 1 ;1 ~ ~~L. ~ ~ ( ) ~ ~ ~ ~~)co ; ,. . .. . . . . . ' f . I - ~ ) �() )t -L } ; - -U_~ J t : ~~~~ )~ ~~ -? ' - '7 / Z ~ ~ e -"o ~ I 0 - ... ~~ .-. G t f + 0 . . . cr t .1 c . : ~ & - / ; . t V - ~ ~ ~ ' ~ a 1 ~J--- . 4 ( �~ J ~ ~ ~.. ~J.. ~ ~. ~ 0 \ ~ l~ I , e ., / ~ , ~ ~ ~ 3. & . ~ J �-" .. , ') -+ �9) } ) �1-. -u k ~L..u.~ .~ ~~ b C . .A - ~ ~~~~ . ~ -~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ -e . . . . .-- L . J d-o .~ �_a ..· . JJ v . . - / , , 4 . ~ - c ~u- ~ ' ~J e c . . . ~ r ~ ~ e ~ . ~ ' I -t ~ v . . - I ' G r .- �} ' 7 .~ ~ - -- .~~ J ~ ~ C '___ 4 . , /U t ~ Q j . t . - o �-9 t . . . , - l r - ~ ~ r . ) ~~ C ; l \N " ) l h -- - ~ ~L ~ " " - 1 -~ -~ h 0 e v t , . L.~~ 2 l \ . ~ ~ ) 1 2 , T " e . .v - 3-<> . - \ ~~ l ~ \~ u . ; . . ) ~. to ; \J c . .Q . (r c . ~ ~ --'~ ~ { J -O . . ~ L 1?Q ' 1 - LA �r ) 1-. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1967-03-03_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech, Michigan State University Short Course Commencement Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given March 3, 1967 at Michigan State University for the short course commencement. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Michigan Charities Speeches, addresses, etc. Education Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1967-03-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/60e0d19edc9025f9d0205584bb71ae0f.pdf 0b1dea11b6e294347a8761c1f13efbfc PDF Text Text / G'~ Re~~r ks by Dr. Russell G. Mawby Preside Lt, W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Dedication o~ the Center for Contiuuing Education Columbia University New York, New York .,/ .,- Ma r ch 29, 1972 I I welcome this opportunity to participate in the dedication of this Center for Continuiug Educat i on . There i s no need for me to comment in detail on t his handsol1.e fac ility, for all who are here must be impressed a s I am with the new home of t he School of International Affairs, of which this Center is a part. I would only add my co~pliments and congratulations to all who have had a part in this accomplishment--members of the Board of Trustees, officers of the u ni v e:cs ity , and memb er s of the Faculty. And I would pay special tribute to Dean Cordier whose visionary, persistent, and effective leadership have been princ ipally responsible for transforming dr eam to reality. L, ~ II I The W. K. Kellogg Foundation, more than any other private foundation, is identified with the concept of Continuing Education : / c This term, like s o many ot h er s, i s s ubject t o various de f ini t i ons and i nt erpr etations whi ch I do not choose to belabor. I would simply indicate that in our thinking, continuing education relates par t i cul ar l y to university-based, non-credit, non - deg r e e programs of education. Very often the identification of this - ?ot<.l1da-c.ion with Continuing Education is particularly with residential centers, like this and the nine others we have assisted over two dec ades: �2 ig anS t a t eUn iver s ity M i ch 1951 i v er s i tyo Un fG eo rg ia 1957 v e r s i t yo U ni fN e b raska 1961 Un i v e r s i t yo f Ok l ahom a 1962 Un ive rsi t yo f Ch ic ag o 1963 i v er s i t yo o tre D am e Un fN 1965 Oxfo r dUni v e r s i t y(En g l and ) 1965 N ewE ngl a n d(U n i v e r s i t yo fN ew H amp sh ire) 1970 i f o r n ia S t a t ePol y t e c hn i cC o l l e g e , C al K e llogg -V oo rh is a tPomon a 1971 We , o fcou r se ,a re p ro ud o fe a ch o ft h e seC e n t e r s a n da r ep a r t i c u l a r l y p l e a s edt h a tb a sed a tle a s ti np a r tupon t h eexamp l er e p r e s e n t e dby t h e se i n s t i t u t i o n s ,t h i sid e ah a sb e enr e p l i c a t e d ,and s im i l a rr e s i d e n t i a lc e n t e r s h av eb e en e s t a b l i s h e don mo r et h a n125 c ampu s e st h r o u ghou tt h ec o u n t r y . Bu t Iwou ld e mph a s i z et h a t ,i nev e ryi n s t a n c eou r con c e rnandt h a to f - th eg r a n t e ei n s t i t u t i o n ,h a sb e en f i r s tw i t h rog r amandon lyt h e nw i t h b r i c k sandm o r t a r . E a ch o ft? l et e nF o u n d a t i o n a s s i s t e dc e n t e r sh a sb e e . 1 . d ist i n c tive i nc e r t a i np rog r@ ft f e a t u r e s . ~ e d i s t i n c t i v e n e s so ft h i s C en t e ra t Co lL l r . lb i a ,a syou .i :now ,r e l a t e st oi t si n t e g r a li d e n t i f i c a t i o n wi t hthe S choo lo fI n t e r na t i o n a lA f f a i r s . A tt h i sp o i n ti nt h eh i s t o r y o fm a n , i t se emed a p p r o p r i a t et h a ta g r e a tu n i v e r s i t yl i k eCo lumb i a; w i t h ~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~~ l l ~ ' . . . . . _ ani n t e r n a t i o n a l l yr e n own edfacu lty i nI n t e r n a t i o n a l CU ~ irs~ l o c a t e da t c r o s s r o a d so ft h ewo r ld and i nt h ehe adQ ua r te rs c i t yo ft h eUn i t ed N a ti o n s ; hou ld so m e h ow a d d r e s si t s e l fs y s t em a t i c a l l yt om ak ing i t sknow l edg e s r e s o u r c e sa v a i l a b l eandr e l e v a n tt ot h ec r i t i c a li s s u e sc o n f r o n t i n gp eop l e i nou rwo r ld n e igh bo rhood . T h i s ,i ne s s e n c e ,i st h ec e n t r a lfo cu so f �3 t h is C e n t e rfo r Co n ti n ui n gE d u c a ti o n ,t os t im u l a t esoundand e f f e c t i v e - ~ - th i nk ing on a g r e a tvar i e t yo fwo r ld i s s u e s ,t om o b iliz e f romth rougho u t t h i sg re a tu n i v e r si t y a nd ind e edf romo t h e ri n s t i t u t i o n st h r o u 6hou tt h e w o r l d know l edg e r e s o~c es t od e a l w i t hp r e s s i n g con c e rn so fm ank ind , w he the rt h eyre la tet op r o b l e m so fp o p u l a ti o n , pubL i . ch e aL t . h, human n u t rition ,e cono m i c d ev el o p m en t, p o l i t i c a lr e l a t io r . sh : : . .p s ,c u l t .u r a . l . enri '~ ~ . m ent i~ ~ ~ I I I A sw el o o kt othef u t ur eo ft h econ ce p t· o fCon t inu ing Edu c a t ion ,i t seem s gene ra lly a g r e ed t h a t : (1 ) We a re a l e a rn ing s o c i e t y . Ch ang ei son eo fth em o s t p e r v a s i v ec h a r a c t e r i s t i c so fou rt im e s . We h av e com et or e c o g n i z et h ev i t a lr o l eo fl e a r n i n gi na c comp lis h i n ganda c co mmoda t i n gt och an g e . (2 ) L e a rn ingis fo r life ,i na l li t sa s p e c t s . Edu c a t ion i se s s e n t i a lf o r a l lt h eva r i o u sr o l e so ft h ei n d i v i d u a l : - fo ro c cupa t i o n a lp r o f i c i e n c y , wh e th e ri nt h et r a d e s ,t h ep r o f e s si o n s ,o rwh a t have you ; -f o rci v i cco mp e t en c ei n~ l illin d emo c r a t i cc i t i z e n s h i p r e spo n si b i l i ti e s ; - fo r avoc a t i o n a li n t e re s t s; f o rs e l f f u l f i l lm e n tg o a l si nan i n c r e a s i n g l yco mp l ex wo r ld . (3 ) e~r~in ~n i sli e ~onG f romt h ec r a Q l e th rought h etw i l i g h ty e a r s , m y riad : O :D Sa r .d c ir cum s tan c es. I t ' st h i sl i f e l o ng d imens i o n o fl e a r n ing t owh i . ch i n s ' c i t u t i o n so fh i g h e re d u c a t i o nh av e found i t mo s t d i f f i c u l tt oa c commod a t e . �4 c t ~n in t h i sin s tance ,h ighe re du c a ti o n h a s a sp e c i a lp lace i n m ode r nsoc i e t y . U ni v e rs i ti e s( Iu s et h e te rmh e r et oi n c l u d ea l li n st i t u t i o n s o fh i ghe r edu cat i o n two ye a r,f o u r y e a r ,g radua te , pU b l i c ,p r i v a t e )a re conce i vedin ou r so c ie t yas know ledge r e s ou r ce c e nt e r s ,w ichre spo n s i b i l i tie s e a c h i ng ,re sea r c h , andse r v ice o re x t e n si o n .T y p i c a l l y , th et e a c h i ng int fth eun ive rs i ty i sdef i n e dtoo n a rrow ly,u s u a l l yr e l a ting func tiono e n tial l yto s t u d e n t s inr e s i d ence , younginag e , and i nd eg ree -or i en ted e ss p r o g r am so f st u dy. If uni v e r s it i e sa r et of u l f i l l t h e ir e d u c a t i o na l pot e n tia lins e r v ingt h eneed s and go a ls o fs o c i e t y ,they mu s t de f i n e t h etea chi n g fun c t i o n mo re c r eat i v e l y ,no tl i m it e dto cap t i v e ,on cam p us , fo r -c r e d i ts i tua ti o n s . T h i sl e ad su st ot h e con c ep to fc o n t i nu ing edu cat i o n i ni t sb r o a d e s t con c e p t u a lcon s t r u c t ; Among t h e cha l l e ng es wh ichI s e ef o ra l lw ho a r econ c e rn edw i t hl i f e l o n gle a r n inga r ethe fo l low ing : tyI "nl. ~ '~e n t . L v l (1) Cre a a v a lli~lG ~ l n c~~~ ~ t h . . f e cO: l c ep u 0f c o n t i n u i n g ed u c a t i o n N oi n s t i t u t i on o fh ighe reduc a tlon ha sr e a l l ya c c e p t e dt h ef u l l im p l i c a t i on so fthe con ce p to fl i f e l o ng l e a r n i n gand done som e t h i n g a bou ti t don e so m e th i ng abou tit i nt e r m so fth eo r g a n i z a t i o n a l cha r to ft h ein s t itu t i on , th e pa t te rn so ff i n a n c i n g ,t h er ew a rd sy s t emfo rf a c u l t y ,f u n c t i o n a la c t i v i t i e sandr e l a t i o n s h i p sw i th in th ei n s t i t u t i o nandw i th o r g an i z a t i o n sb eyond . I ti st r u et h a tw eh a ve e ~~p l e s o fe f fo r t si nth i sd i r e c t i o n , 'o i r tt : : .eya r ef : . :· agm e n t a r yan d . in co mp l e t e . We doind eed need c om - pT e l l e l l s iv emod . e l so f ' wh a tm igh tb ed e s c r i b e da sa c o n t i n u i n g edu ca t ionn - .0..... u n i v e r s i t y . �5 (2)C rea tiv ity i npr o b l e mo r ien ted n r o g ram s ,inad d i t i o nt oth em o re a d i t i on a ld isc ip l in e o r i e n t e dapp roach. tr M o s t p ro b l em sw h ich con ce rn ou rs o c i e t ya r ecom p l e x , i ~er re l a t ed , mu l ti-d isci p lin a ry, d i f fu se ; ont h econ t r a r y ,t h eso lu tion s w e con tr iv ea r eu sua l l yh igh ly spe ci f i c ,p r o s c r i b ed ,s i mp l is ti c . T h is di c hot o my be t w eenth en at u r eo fp rob lems and s o l u t i o n si sa rce o ff r u s tra t ionan df a i l u r e .A s ex amp l e s ,c o n s i d e r m a jo r sou ou r con ce r n swi t h h e a l thc a r e de l i v er y ,w i t ht h ev iab i l i t yo f po li tica lin s t i t u tion s ,w i th envi r o nmen t a l~ l it Con tin u i n g ed uca tionr e s ou r c e sfrom t h roughou t th e un i v e r s i t ym u s t be mob il i z edto dea lina com p r e h en si v eand e~ te w a y wi t h such issue s. (3)Cr e a t iv i t yin w o rk w iththein fo r n a ln e tw o rk o f con tinu ing edu ca ti o n o rga n iz a ti o n s. H e reI m ean v o l u nt a r y ag enc i e s ,s e r v ice o r g an l za t i o n s , co mmu n it yi n s ti t u t ion ssu ch a sl i b r a r i e s ,mu s e ums, EU ' t cen teL s , chu r c h e s . Wh i leit ' s t r u eth a tc o n t i nu i ng edu c a t i o n ac t i v i ti e s o fu n i v e r si t i e sc u s t o ma r i l yin c lud ec o n t a c t sw i t h su che n ti t i e sa s ta e se , SC.C}l i n t e r-re la t ion s l i ip sa r ene i t h e ra ss y s t em a t i cno r as e . comp reh en s iv e as t ? l eyshou .L db (4 ) Cr e a t i v i t yin deve lon inglinkage sb etw eent h efo rm a l ( t h et r ad i tion a l und e r g r adua te andg radua te) andin fo rm a lt e a c h ing p r og ram s . u a l l yt h e set e a ch inga c t i v i t i e sa tth eu n i v e r s i t ye x i s ts i d e-EY Us s id / w i th v i r t u a ll ynoin t e r a c t i o n . I n c r e a s edin te r a c t i o nb e tw e en th e fo rm a land in fo rm a ls y s t e m sw i l lb eben ef i c i a lt ot e a ch e r s and l e a r n e r sa l i k e . �6 (5) C re a t i v i tyi nin t e r i n s tit u t i ona la r rangem en ts, im p : i . y i : t 1 gcoo r -da .n a tion an dc o o p e r a t i o n . I n s t i t u t i o n so fh i g h e r edu c a t i o n~ st b el e s su n i - l a t e r a lint h e i red u c a t i o n a la c t i v i t i e s . S o c i e t yw i l l LO l o n g e r t o l e r a t et h e app a r en ti n e f f ic ienc ie so fmu l tip le, dU ) l i c a t i v e tIfo r ts. B e t t e r an sw e rs m us tb ed emon s t ra t e di nt h er o l e sanQr e l a t i o n s h i p s o funi v e r s i t i e s ,f o u r y e a rc o l l e g e s , commun i tycolle es p~ lic ~ pr i v a t e i nm e e t ing edu cat i o n a lgo a ls. (6 ) Cr e a t iv i t yi ntheu s eo f newte chnologyi nl e a r n i n g . M uchh asb e en m ade o fn ewha rdw a r e and s o f tw a r ea v ailab lefOTt e a c h i n g . M an y im p re ss ive e x amp l e so fexp e r i m en t a le f f o r t sc anb e ci t e d . Bu t cha rac te rist i ca lly, t e a c hi n gt e nd st ob emo r eo ft h esam eo l dt h i n g . - Th e cha l l e ng einth eu t i l i z a t i o no fn ewt e chno logyapp e a r st ol i e ~~ , w i t ht h ehum an e~nt IV Inc l o s i n g , Ir e c a l lt h e s ewo r( ; . so fW . K .K e l logg ,I IEdu c a t iono f f e r st h e g rea tes to pp o r t u ni t yf o rr e a l .L yl l : l p :L" ov ingon eg e n e r a t i o nov e r ano t h e r .11 I n th et o t a lfa b r i co f ~~ n end e a .vo r an d . con c e rn ,c e r t a in l ynon er ank sm o re im p o r tan tthant l l a "C wh i c hd e a l sw i t hm an 's r e l a t i o n s h i p sw i th m an i nou r wo rl dco mmuni t y .I nt h eu l t i m a t es e n s e ,t h eq u a l i t yo fl i f eo fe a ch i nd iv i d ua lon e rt ~ w il l b ed e t e rm in e dbyou r pr o g r e s sinhum a .nre l tio~ s ips insom e howl e a r n i n gt ol i v eon ew i t ha n o t h e r ,w i t hd i g n i t yand .r e s p e c t ,and wi t h mu tua lcon c e rnf o ra l lr a t h e rt ~~ ....Y ' ' ' n~ e """" t t . mo r es e l f i s hi n t e r e s t so ft~e f ew . To ~ end ,t h i sC en t e ri sd e d i c a t e d . We w i sh youw e l l . � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1972-03-29_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech, Dedication of the Center for Continuing Education Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given March 29, 1972 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Dedication of the Center for Continuing Education at Columbia University. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan Charities W. K. Kellogg Foundation Speeches, addresses, etc. Education Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1972-03-29 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/deabd25ff6ca0bed8eff8b47b702895d.pdf 041983b478bd3f371dbb2816d1e03546 PDF Text Text / Remarks by Dr. Russell G. Mawby, President, W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Conference on Rural Community Development Education Raleigh, North Carolina March 27, 1974 I It is a pleasure indeed fo::r me to be with yot'. for t.hLs evening session ot your ConferencE on Rural Community Development Education. Before joining t.he Foundat.I cn staff in 1965, I served as a member of the faculty of the College of AgiLcu.Ltur e of Michigan State University. ,-lith particular responsibilities in the Cooperat.Lve Ext.ens i on Service. Rural community develop- ment was then, as now, a major topic of discussion and I participated in many similar seminars. AQditionally, in my earller responsibilities with the Foundation, I had the pleasure of visiting many of your institutions and meeting with gr oups like this, concerned with s imilar problems. Thus, I wel- come this opportunity of seminaring on current issues and plans relative to rural development. Dr. Horne, in extending the invitation for me to be with you this evening, suggested that my remarks should be concerned with the role of private foundations in community rural development . Certainly, for this group, there is no need for me to define rural community development. been defined, re-defined, disected, debated . It is a term that has Any of the several definitions which were used during the afternoon session are quite acceptable to me. of them emphasized that the concept is broad and complex, encompassing virtually the total concerns of man. All �2 Bu ti t m ayb eu s e f u las a p o i n to fdepa~tur e t oc omm en tb r i e f l y on t h e n a tu r eo fp r i v a tefound a t ion sa sa b a s i s fo r ou r exp lo ra ti o no ft h e i rr o l e . Ap r i va te f o u n d a t i o nh a sb e end e f i n e dby on e ob s e r v e ra s" ani s l a nd o fmon ey , e n t i r e l ys u r rounded byp eop l ew ho w an t som eo fi t ." Mo r e s e r i o u s l y ,a p r i v a te foun d a tioni sb e t t e r ch a ra c t e r i z e da s"a p r i va t e ,n o n p r o f i to rg a n i z a t i o n e s t a b l i s h ed t op rov ide a s y s t em a t i c andre s u l t y i e l d i n gp a t t e r no fg i v i n gto a i dsoci a l,e d u c a t i o n a l ,c h a r i t a b l e,c u l t u r a l ,o ro t h e ra c t i v i t i e ss e r v ing t h ec ommon w e lfa re. " Br o a d l y ,t h e rea r efivec l a s s i f i c a t i o n so fp r i v a te fou n d a tio n s. I am u r eyou c ani d e n t i f yex amp l e so fe a chinyou r ownex p e r i e n ce o rl o c a l i t y : s A. T h ef am i l yf o u n d a t i o n ,t h ep h i l a n t h r o p i cm e ch an i sm fo rc h a r i t a b l e g i v i n gby a s i n g l ef am i lyo rf am i l yg roup . Mo s t f am i lyfound a t i o n s a r er e l a t i v e l ysm a l l ,hav eno p r o f ess i o n a ls ta ff ,m aylimi t t h e i r g r a n t st oc e r t a i na r e a so fin t e res to r pu rp o se , and gener a ll ya r e l i m i t ed i nt h e i rg eog r aph ic s cop eo fa c t i v i t y . B. Th e commu n i t yf o u n d a t i o n ,a m e ch an ismbyw hi c hv a r i o u s dono r sc an g i v et oco mmun i ty pu rpos e s . T hecommuni t yf o u n d a t i o nha s its own boa r do ftr u s t e e s, whoh averespon s ib ilityfo r adm i n i s t r a t i o no f t h efund sp rov id edt oi t by gi f t o rb e q u e s t . Inadd i tiont oa d m ini s t e r i n gfund sg i v e nf o rspec ifiedpu rp o s e s,t h ebo a rd d e t e rm in e s t h euse o ft h e in com efrom i t s gene r a la s s e t sinr e l a t iont ocom mun i ty prob l em sand n e ed s . I ni t sc h a r t e rt h eg eog r aph i cs cop eo f a co mmun ity foun d a t i o n ' si n t e r es ti sp resc ribed . any spon s or e dfo und a t i o n ,the c h a r i t a bl ea rm o fabus in e s s C . Th e comp co rpo r a t i o n . Su ch fou n d a t i o n su s u a l l yh av e a boa r dm ad e up o f o f f i c i a l so ft h espon so r ingc o r p o r a t i o n . Th e prog r am a reaso f �3 in t e res t m ayb ep r e s cr i b e dan dv e r yo f t e nt h eg r a n t s ar em a d et o co mmu n i t i e sin w h i ch t h eco r p o r a t i on c a r r i e so ni t sc o r p o r a t e bus in essa c t i v i t i e s . p e c i a l-pu rpo s ef o u n d a t i o n s, es tab lished by e i t h e ri n d i v i d u 8 l s01 ' D . S g roups ,w i th v e r ys p e c i f i cpu rpose si nm ind . T he s em a yr e l a t et o r e s e a r c hi n t e r e s t s ,p rog r am ac tiv itie s ,r e l i g i o u spurp e ~ 0 1 a n y s p e c i a lcon ce r no ft h e dono r s. E . G en e r a l -pu rpo s e foun d a t i o n s . Th e se a r et h el a r g ep riv at efound a t i o n s , m a ny o f w h ich y ou w i ll re cogn i z e --Fo rd ,R ocke fe l l e r, C a r n eg ie , DUke ,K e l l o gg ,K r es ge ,D an for t h . Th e se fo u nd a t i on s hav eb ro a d pu r po s e s,w i t hp r i o r i t i e se s ta b l i s h e dby bo a rd so ft r u s t ees o n a con t i n uingb as isinres pon s et os o c i a lch ang e andn e ed . T hey t e n dt o b ea tl e a s tn a t i o n a li nte rm so fgeog raphi cscopeo fin te re s t. fp r i v a t ep h i l a n t h r o p y th rougha f o u n d a t i o ni sanAm er i c an T he con ce p t o innov a t i on . I ti sa p a r to fth eAm er i c a np l u ra l i s t i cap p ro a cht op r ob l em s, o rt h ep ri v a t es e c t o rt ocon tribu tein a sy s t em a t ic and d i s t in c t i v e aw ay f w ayto h um a nw e ll-b eing . I d e a l l y ,t h ef o l l o w ing ch ar a c te r i s t i c sdesc ribe f o u n d a t i o na c tiv iti e s: A. Found a ti o n sa r e apo li tica l an da dv oca t eno p a r t i c u l a rapp r c a cbto s o l v i n g hum an iti e sp roblem s(op en -m in d ed ). B. F o un d a ti o n sh ave t h ep o t en ti a lfo r' l u i c kan d im ag i n a t i v ere s p on s e t oi d e n t i fyem e rging n ee d s. V e ry o f t e nthe irr e s p o n s ec anb em e re imm e d i at ethan e ith e rthe m o re c um b e r s o m epr o c e s so fg o v e r nm en to r t h ed i f f i c u l t i e so fd ec i s i o n by i n d u s t r y( respon s ib l e,f le x ib le ) . C. B yn a t u r ethero leo ffound a t i o n sist osuppo r ti n n o v a t i v ev e n t u r e s . T h e yrep r e s e n t soc i a l" r isk "c a p i t a l . Inte rm so fac c ou nt a b ility , �4 fo und a ti o n sa r ere s pons i b l etos o c i e t ya t ar e~ no thav in gt o con f ron ts to ckh o l d e r sa tt h enex t an nu a l m ee t in go rvo te r sa tt h e e c tion . n ex t el at i o n sc ancon ce n t r a t ede l i b e r a t e l yandcon si s ten t l y and i n D. Found v a r i ed w aysto m ak ea s i g n i f i c a n t im p ac t. I I Incon s i de ring t h er o l eo fp r i v a t efound a t i o n s inr u ra lc o mmun i ty d eve l o p i ts e em sfa ir t os t ar tw it htwo g en e r a lo bse r va ti o n s . e t~ r t~ fou nd a - tionsu ppo r t w i ll b ef o rinno v a ti v eu nde r ta k i n gs i nc o mmu n i ty d ev el o pmen t. I ngene ra lt h issuppo r tw ill b ef o re xp e rim e n t a le t ~ rt ~ mod e l demon s tr a - e f f or t s wh ichhop ef u l l yh ave a "m u ltip lie r" po te nt i a l . Found at i o n s s imp l ydo no th av e th em a g n i t u de o f fund sne c essa r yf o rope r a ti o n a l upp rt ~ f o rw e lf a r epro g r am s ,f o ra s s i s t a n c eto ev e rycomm u n i t y . S e cond , fo u nd at i o n suppo r ti nru r a l commun i ty deve l o pm en t w i ll belim i t e d .C o n tra ry t ot h eim ag e o fg i ga n t i cfo unda t i o n re ur e ~ a c t u a l l yt h e fun d s av aila b l et ofou n da t i o n s nr e la ti o nt on at i o n a lneed s . T h eb e s t in fo rm a tio na v a i l ab l ei n d i a re sm a ll i c a t e st h a tthe rea reabou t 27 ,000foun d a ti o n si nt h eUn i t ed S tat e s ,w i th agg r e g a te cap i ta lr e so u rce so fabou t $27b i l l i o n . T he s einv es t m en tp or t f o l i o s e th ings l i g h t l yov er $2b i l lionin p rodu ce som e~ t h eba sisfo rg r a n t s m ade by fo unda t i o n s. T hos efi g u r e ss e emla r geandim pr e s s i v e un ti l the ya re np er pu ti pe t e~ fo r ex am p leinr e l a tio ntof e d e r a le xpen d i t u r e s . T oi l - l u s t r at et h i sp o in t ,t h et o t a lca p i ta lasset so f fo u nda t ion s ($27b i l l i o n ) i ss l i gh t l yle s sth ant h eamoun t sp en tby t h eU .S .D ep a r tm en to f H e a l t h , du at ~ andWe l f a re i na s ix m on t h sp e riod . Bu t wh i lep r i v a t efo und a tionr e s o u r ce sa r er e l a t i v e l ysm a l l ,as a ll o f o me x p e r i e n ce ,p r i v a te g ran td o l l a r sv er yof t e na r ec ritic a l and u s knowfr c a t a ly t icin p r ovid ingfo re p er e tat ~ e xp lo ra t i on ,r e -d i r e c t i o n ,ch ang e . �I hav e no survey information whi ch indicates what foundations are now doi ng in the area of r ural community de velopment. My subjective a ss essment would be, howev er , that coll ectiv el y less is b eing done than should be in r elation t o the significance of rural probl ems in our society . . If my sub j ective observation i s cor r ect , bo th of u s must a s sume some responsibility : the foundation de c is ion makers who may not have given a dequat e emphas i s to r ural pr oblems, and those of you who are directly engaged i n r ural dev el opment but who have not communicated the nat ure , urgency , a nd needs of your effort s. You wou l d know b et t er than I the involv ement or support provided by pri vat e f oundations which have local a nd regional scopes of i nt er e st . At the nat ional level , I wi ll use only one f oun dat i on , t he one with wh ich I am a s soc i ated , t o illustr at e t he long-t erm involvement of a privat e foundation i n r ural community devel opment. The Kellogg Foundation wa s established in 19 30 a nd , duri ng i ts f i r st deca de of oper a t i on , concent r at ed i t s ef f ort s in seven count i es o f s outhc entral Mi chi gan . The maj or thrust of the Mi chi gan Commun i t y Health Program wa s t o a s s i st the count i e s in improving health car e available to rural peopl e , through the e s tabl i shment of pUbli c healt h s ervices , county de part ments of heal t h, out l y i ng ho s pi t al s and he alt h c ent er s, and pUblic health educat i on. As a r el a t ed ef f ort , the Foundat ion assisted in the improvement of rural educat i on t hrough the establishment of co nsolidated agr icul t ural high schools . The conc er n with the qualit y of l ife in the country s i de has continued to be a major, though not ex cl u s i v e , pr eoc cupation of t he Foundation . To illustrat e var ious Foun dat ion act i v i t i e s ov er the pa st decade a nd a half , I will s i mply l ist a number of projects to which we have pr ov i ded substa nt i al support. Det ailed informat i on can b e provided upon reque st. ��7 As a gr ant - maki ng f ounda tion, our role is t o r e spond to r e ques t s f r om commun i ties a nd ins t i t ut i ons. "peddl e . " We do not de sign progr ams whi ch we t ry t o While our r ol e is r eal l y not completely pa s s ive in progr amming , I woul d empha s iz e t o you t hat i n a sens e , t he role of grant-maki ng foundations in r ural communi t y devel opment cannot b e mor e than you want- -or permi t-i t to be . III I think i t will be u s ef ul f or me to shar e wi t h you some ob ser vat i ons r egardi ng t he proposal s we r eceive whi ch are rel at ed to r ural communit y de v elopment. 1. We r ec ei v e many proposals f or support of studi es a nd re sear ch , but whic h have no provi sion for implementat ion or foll ow-through. I c er tai nl y ag r ee that we need to know mor e but we also feel that "we know b et t er t han we do . " Some f oun dations a nd other f un ding sourc es concentrat e exclusively upon res earch and woul d be rea sonable s ources of su ch support . Howev er , i f you are s eeki ng pr ivate suppor t , you should do some a nalys i s of t he area s of int er est and general ph i l o s ophy of t he f oundat ions whi ch you appr oach. If you do your homework r egar di ng the Kell ogg Foundat i on , you ' ll kno w t hat our commi t ment i s t o the "appl i cat i on of kno wl edge t o t he problems of pe ople. " Our pr eoccupation is with knowl edge ut ili zat i on i n new and innova t i ve ways t o addr es s significa nt soc iet al conc er ns . I t i s our feeling t hat "what could a nd should b e i n r ural Amer i ca is something better t ha n what is. " 2 . Many pr opo s als s eek support f or "mor e of t he same." As I empha s i zed earlier , the pr i vat e f oundat i on r ole is support of i nnovat ive and �8 expe rim en t a le f f o r t s . T h ec o n stra in t simpo s edb yw i s es t e wa r ds h i p o flim i tedr e s ou r c e sp r ev en tc o n tr i b u t i on s to o p e r a ti o n a l suppo£ t o r f o rt h er e p l i c a t i o no fapp ro a ch e sw h ich h av ea l r e ady been demon s t r a t e ds u c c e s s f u l l y. Wh i l e th ep ro p osa lm a yb en ewfo r yo u rc om m un i ty o r i n s t i t u t i on andm a yb ewo r thw h i l e , gen e r a l l yp r i v a t e suppo r tf roma n a t i o na lfound a t ionwou ld no t be a v a i l a b l e . Ins um ma r y, m an yp ropo s a l sw es e ere la tingt or u r a lc omm u ni t yd ev e lopm en t a r e no t inno va t i v eo rn ew . 3. I nm any i n s tan ce s ,t h ep rog r amwh i ch i sprop o sed i sin ad eQ ua tet o thep rob l emb e i n gd e a l tw i th . M o s t s i g n i f i c a n tpr o b l ems i nr u r a l co mmun i tie sa r ecomp l ex ,d i f f u s e ,i n t e rr e l a t e d ,m u lti-d isc ip lin ar y , gene r a l i z ed,p e rm e a t in g . In c o n t r a s t,t h es o l u ti o n sp ropo s ed a re o f t e ns im p l i s t i c ,d is c ip li n e -o rien te d , sp e c i f i c ,c i r cum sc ri b e d . T o o o f t e nt h ep ropos edp rog r am isd e a l i n ga tt ~ f r i n g e s ,r a t h e rt h a n w i th co r ei s s u e s .T h ep rop o s a lsa r eth u si n a d eQu a t et ot h eta sk t h e yp ropos et opu r su e. 4 . M any p r o p o s a l sa r eba sed o n -o ro r i e n t e dt o --i n s t i t u t i o n a lo r d isc ip lina r yn e ed so rg oa l s, no to r i e n t e dt ot h ep rob l em so fp eop l e andcommun i tie s. S u ch p ropo sa l so f t e ng r owou to ft h ei n t e r e s to f ad ep a r tm en t, ana dmi n i s t r a t i v eu n i t ,o r ac l u s t e ro ff a c u l t yand re la tet ot h e i rn e ed so rg o a l s. a t ion sa r ep r obl em -andp eop l e o r i e n te dinth e i r Mo s t found p rogr amm inganda r ei n t e r e s t e di np ropo s alswh i ch a re s im i l a r l y concer n ed . D r F i n a l l y ,I w ou lds h a r ew i th you afewc a n di dc omm en t sreg a rd ing c o l l e ge s o fag ric u l tu reandru r a l co mmunity d eve lopm en t . V e ry o f t e nt h et e rma g ricu ltu re �9 i s r egarded a s synonymous wi t h rural . Wher ea s thi s to a substantial ext ent may have b een t r ue at the t ime colleges of agr icult ure were originally establi shed, wi th the passage of time t he conc ep t of a gr i culture has narr owed. This evolut ionary change is important to r ec ognize as we consider the rol e of agricultural colleges in r ural development. For per s pect ive i t is u seful t o t urn back t o the per i od i n hi stor y more t han a c ent ury ago when what i s per haps our country 's onl y or i gi nal idea i n higher ed uc a t i on- - the l and-gr a nt sy st em- - was con c eived . As Dr . Bishop i ndi - cat ed i n hi s remar ks , the land- grant i ns t i tut i on s wer e r eall y conc ei ved a s r ural de velopment i nstitutions. As t he original coll eges of agr i cult ure matured , the prof i le of interest broadened t o encompa s s mor e fully t he r a ng e of huma n co nc er ns : 1 850 (1862 ) - a concer n f or f arming and f arm people , t o make the advantag es of higher education available to t he sons a nd daught er s of farmer s and the working clas s e s , t o direc t t he at t ent ion of such i nst i t ut i ons t o the probl ems of earning a l i v i ng a s wel l as l iVing a life. 1887 _.. t hen , t he reali zat i on we didn't kno w enough , so r e s earch 1898 - a concern f or the quality of family life, s o home economi c s 1 90 0 - a conc er n t hat t r a di t i onal schooling wa sn ' t pr epar ing youngsters f or the ki nds of l i ve s t hey would lead, so Boys an d Gi r ls Cl ub work , now 4- H t he establi shment by colleges of agr i cultur e of department s of r ural education a nd of r ural soc iology , conc erned with t he well - b ei ng of r ural folks 1914 - to make the r esourc es of the campu s avail able t o all , Extens ion . �10 I n t h e year s sinc e , a lot of changes hav e occurr ed : 1. We hav e moved f r om an a gr ar i an to an ur ban i zed soci ety . 2. The land- gr ant universiti e s, i n wh i ch agriculture wa s originally domi nant, hav e b ecome complex institution s . Today agr i cultur e is a smaller pa r t of the total ac a demic scene . 3. Societal goals have gr adually ch anged, i ncluding a shift f rom a preoc cupation wi t h the mat eriali stic " s t a ndard of living" to a concept of the " qual i t y o f life . " 4. As a gr iculture ha s pr ogre s s ed , t h ere ha s been a specia l i zat i on and fr agment a t ion-- i n the struc t ur e of colleges and depa r t ment s , in the f abr ic of r e s earch , i n the industr y of farming , in the ma ze of f arm organi zat i ons and institutions whi ch serve a gricul t ure . The col leg es of a gricult ur e have pr ogressively nar rowed thei r s cope of concerns to an almost ex clus i v e preoccupation now wi th a gricul t ura l production and clo s ely rel a t ed a ctivitie s , with le s s er concer n f or problems of the f ami l y , of h ealth car e del iver y , of s oc i a l ins t i t ut i ons and s er v i ces , of education . And unf or t unat el y, wh i l e college s of agr i cultur e have dropped t he s e i ssues f rom the i r agenda , the uni vers i t i e s of whi ch a gri cult ure i s a part have not assumed t h e s e respons i bili t i e s in t he mor e complica t ed or ga ni za t i onal s truct ure. To ill u str ate , mo st co l l eges of educat i on do not giv e major attent i on t o rural school i ng a nd educat i ona l oppor t uni t i es, most col l eges of medic i ne do not co ncern themselves i n any comprehensive way wi t h r ural health car e deliver y . Fr om all of t hi s , I would sha r e wi t h you three " danger ous gener a l i zat i ons . " I know you will r es pect t hem as SUCh. They are bas ed on a ho st of impr ess i ons , �11 contac ts, and exper i enc es fr om throughout the count r y . I do not know t he ext ent t o whi ch they may b e de s cr i pt i v e of your own i nstitut i on s or of t hi s r eg i on. Gener ali zation No. 1. Most col leg es of agr i culture are not real l y con c erned wi t h rural communi ty development . Speaking at a North Central Regional Conf erenc e on Rural Development i n May, 1962 , Dean R. L. Kohls of Purdue Univer sity, i n discus sing the organization of un i v ersity per so nnel to deal wi th r ural devel opment, ob s er ved that "the mo st important ac t i on is f or deans, di r ectors of experiment st at i ons and ext en sion services , a nd other faculty leader s to make the vis ible decis i on t hat rural communi t y de velopment is an ar ea of high concern an d import anc e t o rural people and that evolving national policy wi l l make it a vali d mi s sion for teaching, res earch, and Ext ens i on a t t ent i on." It i s my impr e ssion t hat ver y few, i f any , colleges of agri cultur e hav e made t his commi t ment . Speaki ng at t he same conferenc e, Dr . Earl Heady of Iova State University commented , " No land-grant university has put r ura l deve.Lopmerrt as the rna,jor it em on i ts agenda of affairs pres errt ed to the st.at e . t, Ther e is little ev i dence tb_at e i ther colleges of agricultur e 01' the univer sit i es of whi ch t hey are a part have given a sense of -priority and urgency to rural problems . Generalizat ion No . 2 . Most colleges of agricuture are not equi pped to deal ad equately with the br oad r a ng e of issues encompas s ed i n r ural community development , issue s i ncluding health car e deli ver y, education , bu s ine s s and indu stry , political i nstitut i ons , s oc ial s ervic es. While fac ulty members wi th br oad respon s i bi l it i e s a nd titles in commun ity development can prov i de leade rship , the knowledg e r e sourc es of the l ar ger university must be br ought to bear . �12 Generali zatio n No. 3 . The inadequacy of resourc es within colleges of agriculture is compounded by the organizational rigidities of most univer sities. The typical Extension Service, which may have a community development component, simply does not have available to it the intellectual and technical resources of the university at large . This circumstance is f urther compounded by an "insular mentality" of many colleges of agriculture which seem t o set them as ide from the main st ream of academic life. If, in fact, there now really is a revival of interest in rural affairs on the part of colleges of agrIculture, it ie unfortunate that this revival has come so late. How much easier· f.t wou.ld have been for these colleges to mount significant programs in the gr owt h decades of the 50 's and 60's, when new funds were available on an additive basis. Now , while I am confi dent that additional funding can still be secured if proper approaches are made to funding sources, i nc luding legislatures andthe Congress, these additive Eesources are c er t a i nly limited and in many cases, rural community development will be addressed only through the reallocation of existing resources. ThUS, admini st r at i v el y , it may be much more dif f icult for colleges of agriculture to embark on major rural community development programs than would have been true in an earlier day. v I n reflect i ng on the concern of this conference, I see a parallel in the colleges of medicine . These colleges have become increasingly fo cused upon issues of medical s c i ence and technology, not upon problems of the health of people and health care delivery. Encouragingly, there is now ev idenc e i n a number of colleges t hat this fo cus is changing, recognizing more fully and realistically that the ultimate mission of medicine is to s erve human health needs. �13 S im i l arl y ,c o l l e g e so fa g r i c u l t u r eh av ei n c r e a s i n g l yc o n c e n t r a t e don t h esci e n c eandt e c h n o l o g yo fag r i c u l t u r a lp r o d u c t i o n. Now i t issu gge s t e d t h a tt h e ym ay b e com ei n c r e a s i n g l ycon c e r n e dw i t ht h ep rob l em o fr u r a l p eop l e andcommun i t ie sa sw e l l ,r e c o g n i z i n gt h a tt h ev i a b i l i t yo ft h ea g r i c u l t u r a ls e c t o ri so n l yon e compon en to fr u r a ll i f e . Wh i l e i t m ay n o tb e t h er o l eo ft h ec o l l e g eo fa g r i c u l t u r et os e r v et h e s en e ed sf 'u .L l .y, t h e i r l e a d e r s h i pm ay b ec r i t i c a l l yim p o r t a n t ,f o rt h e r edo e sn o t app e a rt ob e any o t h e rf o c a lp o i n tw i t h i nt h eu n i v e r s i t yf o rt h er u r a lv o i c et ob ee x p r e s s e d . I subm i ttha . tt h eev id en c e i13 n o ty e ti nr e g a r d i n gt h ecomm i tm en to f c o l l e g e so fa g r i c u l t n r et or u r a ld ev e lopm en t , and t h e i re f f e c t i v e n e s si n d e a l i n gw i t ht h i sa r e a . I ti sen cou r ag in gindeed t h a ts em in a r sl i k et h i s a re be ingh e l d ,a l t h o u g hi ti su n f o r t u n a te a n dp e rh ap ss i gn if icant tha t ft h o s emo s t invo lv edi nk ey d e c i s i o n s andi nt h ea l l o c a t i o no fr e m any o s o u r c e sa r en o th e r e . Sp e ak ing f o rt h eW . K . K e l logg Found a t ion, w ew i l lc o n t i n u et obe v e r y mu ch i n t e r e s t e dandi n v o l v e di nru r a lcomm u n i t yd ev e lopm en t . We have app re ci a tedt h eoppo r t u n i t i e so fw o rk ing w i t hm any o fyou andyou ri n s t i t u t i o n s i nt h ep a s tan dl o o kfo rw a r dt of u r t h e ro p p o r t u n i t i e sf o rc o l l a b o r a t i v e e f f o r tint h ef u t u r e . M y hop ef o rt h i scon f e r en c ei st h a tt h ea c t i o n si n con s equ en c eo fyou rb e i n gh e r e i nC 'u r r i cu lum r e v i s i o n ,i nt e a c h i n g ,i n r e s e a r c h ,i nEx t en si o n -w i l l ~ ev enmo r e im p r e s s i v et h a nt h er h e t o r i c . � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1974-03-27_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech, Conference on Rural Community Development Education Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given March 27, 1974 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Conference on Rural Community Development Education. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan Charities W. K. Kellogg Foundation Speeches, addresses, etc. Education Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974-03-27 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/9d7708a132337c4255e2f2930a2b0713.pdf 946df80507233334e872e98462f03b31 PDF Text Text \ \ \ \ \ \ W. K. KELLOGG AUDITORIUM REDEDICATION Thursday , Mar ch 26, 1981 Russe l l G , Mawby I am delighted to be with you this ev ening for the f i r s t i n a seri es o~ r e d e d i c a t i on a ct i v i ties , i nv o l v i n g the Battle Creek Public Sc ho o Ls , communi ty organizations and the gener al public, for this truly "dazzling " cultural, soc ial , and e d u c a t i o n a l auditorium. The Kellogg Founda tion was p l e ased to make a $2.24 million grant for complete 1979. r~ n ov a t i on of the Kellogg Auditorium in Th e grant was part of nearly $18 mill10n in special projects funded 1n Battle Cre ek to ce leb r a t2 the Foundat ion' s 50th Ann i v ersary The Foundation has historically sought to be sensi~ive to the part lcular c o n c e r~ s K. Kellogg, t erms of both its programs supported on four ~n and i n t e r e sts of it s founder, Mr. W. �c o nt i n e nts a n d spe ci a lg r a n t sh e r ei nB a ttl eC ree k. M r . K e l l o gg h a da s p e c i a ll o v ef o ra n d rel a t i o n s h l pw i th h i s nom et ow n . So d o es h is F o u n da t i o n. It w a s M r . K e l l o gg who a n n o u n ce do nA p r il 7, 1 9 2 5 ,t h a th e w as m a k i ng a pe r s o n a l6 5 t h bi r t h d a yg if t .t ot h e peopl eo f B a ttle C r e e k , o fa n ew a u d ito r i um f a ci l i t y . Tha tg i f tw a s ver ymuc hi nk eepi n gw i t h one o fM r . K el l o g g ' sp r im a r y p2r s o n a lc o n cer n s and p h il a n t h r o p i cl n t e r e sts ,n ame l yt h e edu ca tiona l and hea l t hn ee d so f E ven p r i o r to h i se s t a is oc ~ c h il d r e n and you th. ~i t o ft h eKe l l o g gF o u n d a t i o ni n 1 9 3 0 ,M r . K e l l o gg m ad e per s o n a lg i f t3in B a t tle C r e e kt 8 t 2 li n g mo r e t h a n$ 1 .3 w i l l i o n fo rp r o g r ams dnd f a c i l i t i e sp r im a r ily f o ry o u t ha n dc hi l d r e n . Thes ei n c l u d e dt h eK e l l o gg A u d i t ori um , A n n J .K e l l ogg Sc h o o l , and a spe cia l tr l o c a lB o y s ' C l u bs . 2 s~ f u n dfe rthe �I na n n o u n c i n gh i sg i f tc · ft h eW . K . K e l l o g gA u d i t o r i um , M r . K e l l o gg a s k e dt h a i :i t b ec om b i n e dw ith 01 n e , · , 'j u n i o rh i g h s c h o o l ,i no r d e rt h a tt h ef a c i l i t ym i g h t p a r t i c u l a r l ys e r v e v o ur .h, a s~ a st .h eg e n e r a lB a t t l eC r e e kc omm u n i t y. I t w a s t ob eo v e rf i vEy e a r s( 1 9 2 5t o1 9 3 0 )f rom t h eti m eh e a n n o u n c e dt h es i f tu n t i l . the a u d i t o r i um ' sa c t u a lc o n s t r u c t . i o n . P a rt o ft h a td e l a yw a s d u et ot h ef r a g i l en a r u r eo ft h e g e n e r a lb u s i n e s sa n de c o n om i cc l im a t ed u r i n g thOS Ed e p r e s s i o n years. O u t o fmy own c u r i o s i t y ,a n dt op r e p a :C e : : h e s eb r i e fc omm e n t s , iw e n t b a c kt h r o u g hM r . K e l l o g g ' sp e r s o n a lc o r r e s p o n d e n c e r e l a t i n gt oh i sg i f to f the K e l l o g gA u d i t o r i um . C o n s i d e r i n g t h em a j o r b u s i n e s sp r o b l em sa n dd e c i s i o n sw h ich h ef a c e d d u r i n gt h a tt r o u b l e dt im e ,I f o u n di t r em a r k a b l et ol e a r n t h ee x t e n to fM r . K e l l o g g ' s i n v o l vEm e n tdnd i n t e r e s ti nt~e A u d it o r i ump r o j e c t . H e h a dh i sg r a n d s o n ,J o h nL . K e l l o g g , J r . ,d i r e c t l yh a n d l ea l a r g es h a r eo ft h ef i n a n c i a la n d 3 �l e g a lm a tters r e l a t i n gt othe K e l l o g gA u d i t o r i um p r o je c ta n d n e c e s s a r y li a i s o nw o r kw i th t h eB a tL le C r e e kP u b l i cS c h o o l s ' B o a r da n ds t a f I - Wh en M r . K e l l o g ge s t a b l i s h e dt h eF o u n d a t i o nw h i c hb e a r sh i s n am ei n1 930 (and to wh i c h h ed o n a t e dn e a r l ya l io fh i s p e r s o na lw e a l t h , to ta ling$45 m il l i o na tth e ti m e ; mu ch o f tr i ec o o r d i n at i o nf o rt h eK e l l o g g A u d itori .um construction p r o j e c tw as t u r n e do v e rb yM r . Ke l l o g gt ot h eF o u n d a t i o n st a t f . n dh i sg r a n d s o nr e t a i n e dC lOSE ' i n v o l v em e n tw ith t h e H e a p r o je c t ,h ow e v e r . F o re x am p l e, G r a n d s o nJ o h nw r o te t oM r . K e l l o gg l am e n t i n gt h efac tt h a t ,i ns p i t eo fh i svery b e s t e f f o r t s ,a n dt os ~ o f the Founda t i o ns t a f fa n ds c h o o l s ,t h e o r i g i n a la u d i t o r i ump r o je c tw a s s u f f e r i n gf romc o n s t r u c t i o n c o s to v eL r u n s . �S c h o o l s, a r c h i t e c t s ,a n dc o n t r a c t o r sd e s e r v es p e c i a lr e c~ t o n i g h tfo r compl e t i n g~ e nition c u r r e n tr e n o v a t i o np r o j e c to n t im ea n dw i t h i nb u d ge t ,i ns p i t 8o fs p i r a l i n gi n f l a t i o nand w h a t I know t ob e s e ve ra ~ m a j o r o b s t a c l e so n de l i v e r yo f f u r n i s h i n g s. f i x t u r es. a n d receipt ;o fs t a t epe rm i t s . [ Is e e J a c kM awd s l ey s i t t i n go v e rh e r ep i n c h i n gh im s e l fi nb o t h d i s b e l i e fand r e l i e f ! ] R e t u r n i n gf o ra mom en t t oH r . K e l l o g g ' s i n v o l v em e n to n the o r i g i n a lc o n st r u c t i o n ,h i sp e r s o n a lc o r r es p o n d e n c el n d i c a t e d h ew a s p a r t i c u l a r l ya n x i o u s ,n o ta b o u tc o s to v e r r u n so r d e l a y s, b u tr a t h e rt a~ t h ea u d i t o r i umbe a v a i l a b l et ol o c a l c i v i co r g a n i z a t i o n s ,a n da tt ~ least p o s s i b l ef e e . T h e r e ar en um e r o u sl e t t e r sr e l a t i n gt e ,t h er e s t r i c t i o n sim p o s e db y M i c h i g a n l aw .i n1 9 3 0, on t h ep u b l i c ' s use o fa n ya u d i t o r i um r facrL it .y t .h . a tv a sp a r to r as c h o o l . a r t i e si n v o l v e d aL lp i nt h eo r i g i n a la u d i t o r i umc o n st r u c t i o np r o j e c ts o u g h tco c l a r i f yc h el e g a la s p e c t so ft h ep r o j e c tt olT ISU r et h e c . �a u d i t o r i um1s f u l lp u b l i ci l s e ,M r . K e l l o g g l am e n t e di na n o t e t oh i sg r a n d s o n ," J o h n ,d o n ' ty o ut h i n kw e h a v et o om any law yers invo lved i nt h i s ? " _th ink ~ a g r e e , how eve r ,t h a ta l lo ft h ee f f o r ta n df u n d s cha tt h eB a t t l eC r eek P u b l i cS c h o o l s ,M r . K e l l o g g , a n dt h e F o u n d a t i o nh a v ep u ti n t othe c o n s t r u c t i o n , and mo r e recently om p l e t er e n o v a t i o n ,o ft n eK e l l o g gA u d i t o r i um h av e to the c b e e nw o r t h l t f o ro u rc omm u n i t y . Th ea u d i t o r i umi sre g a r d e d a~ o n eo ft h ef i n e s t ac ~ ties o f les k i n d in t h en a t i o n. Throughout t h ep a s tf i v ede c a d e s , i t ha sr e a l i z e di t sp o t e n t i a l ,f o rb o t ha u d l e n c e sa n dp e r f o rm e r s. a sa l e a d i n ge n t . e rtai .um en ta n dc u Lt .u raL enrichm ent e e n te r o f f e r i n ga w i d e d i v e r s i t yo fp r o g r aM i l i n gf o rthe c i t i z e n so f t h eS o u t hC en tra l M i c h i g a n d r e a . And , i t n a sr em a i n e dt r u e t oM r. K e l l o g g 's o r i g i n a lv ision of p r o v i d i n ga na itori ~ �t h at wou ld h a v e s p e c i a l i d e nt i f i c a t i o n wi t h, a n d spe c i a l use f o r , c hildren and you th. We are s e e i n g that t oni g h t wi t h the stu de nt mu s ic al grou p s who a re spo t l igh ting the real spirit and substa nce o f this reded i c ati o n c e r e mo n y . Mr. Ke llogg would b e proud of t hem. He often at tended le c tures a n d musi c a l ev e n t s dur i n g t h e ear l y d a y s o f the aud i torium . He would s it way up i n t h e t o p b a l cony s e ats wh ere h e cou ld app re ci a t e th e mus i c and ex p e rience , f o r a ve r y shy ma n , the feel i n g of sharing , unno t i c ed, i n a c ommo n cu l tural ac tivi t y with peop l e . Of cou r se, Mr. Ke llog g is n ot sitt i ng i n th e t o p ba l cony seat s ton i ght. I s us p ec t if h e we r e , howe v er, h e wo ul d b e pl eased, p l e a sed wi th h ow h i s o r i ginal g i f t h as b ene f i ted t h e community, p l ea s ed wi t h t hese young p e o p le , a nd pl ea s e d wi t h how a l l of u s , this e v e n i n g , are re d e d i c ati n g t he a u d i t o r i um t o se r v e t he g e n e rati o n s wh o wi l l , in t u rn, fo ll ow u s upon th is s t a g e . 7 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1981-03-26_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech at the W. K. Kellogg Auditorium Rededication Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given March 26, 1981 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for the W. K. Kellogg auditorium rededication. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan W. K. Kellogg Foundation Charities Speeches, addresses, etc. Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1981-03-26 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/05a6795663cb4ebdbe9a655d02666b2f.pdf f64a9d049e9a9a7d59c3d60eb13e37c9 PDF Text Text Remarks by Dr. Russell G. Mawby Last Seminar for the W.K. Kellogg Foundation's Community-Based Public Health Initiative Detroit Ponchetrain Hotel March 24, 1992 I I welcome the opportunity to be with you tonight to share a few observations about this community and public health initiative from a personal and layman's perspective. I have certainly enjoyed learning about your activities and discussions in this series of seminars from our health staff at the Foundation and have found the issues you are addressing to be most provocative. I want to thank each of you and your institutions for your interest in the new community-based public health initiative. It is apparent from your involvement that the agenda that the Foundation has put before you is a challenging one indeed -- calling for each of you health professions educators, public health practitioners, and community organizational representatives, to examine deeply your long-standing patterns of behavior and interrelationships. Thus far, the response to this initiative has been quite strong, though varied, as we would expect. Yet there is a pattern. You recognize the difficulty in what is being asked and the need that it be done. The time is right for some groups to reach out -- to set up new linkages with people and communities to create new partnerships that will influence health professions education and community health in the decades to come. �2 All of you in this room know only too well that the processes of institutional change, carefully designed to protect us all from hasty decision or impulsive action, can as easily serve to smother a flame of innovation. May you have the courage, the energy, and the genius to carry through some of the ideas you have been exploring and avoid that being the case -- again. I am impressed with this initiative. are here. Those who can make a difference Usually, educators talk with other educators, practitioners with practitioners, and community people only with themselves. But all component parts of the health field are represented in this meeting local and state health officials; university administrators, teachers and researchers; doctors; nurses; governmental executives; leaders of various community organizations. Remarkable! Wonderful I Some of you will be the vanguard in moving forward, in tangible and gratifying ways, the concept and genius of the helping professions -- at the moment accomplished in disciplinary scientific contributions, but with their potential unfulfilled in preparing practitioners specially suited for advocating and delivering comprehensive public health services in partnership with the communities they serve, benefits which therefore are not yet realized. As already indicated, my background and my graduate education are in agriculture. I come to you as a layman, hopefully an "informed layman" whose role as chief executive officer of a foundation -- which each year provides millions of dollars for programs in health education, services, and delivery field. obligates me to be aware of issues in the I still recall vividly a series of "rude awakenings" as I first became involved in the Foundation's programming in health. I was �3 dismayed, shocked, disappointed by much of what I learned of the inner workings, both in education and practice. While there is much to be admired and praised, the stark realities which became clear, tarnished and eroded the pinnacle upon which the health professions had resided in my mind. I have tried to learn wisely and to carefully place the various components in proper perspective and balance. In so doing, I have had to learn the lexicon of the back hallways and the differences between epidemics and epidemiology; to recognize a "utilization reviewer" or "quality assessor" when I see one; to understand that "environmental health" doesn't refer to a senior citizen breaking the ice to skinny dip in a frozen lake; and to appreciate a career ladder in nursing. (But, I must confess I still cannot distinguish easily a community health nurse from one who is not.) Actually I bring more baggage than that to this meeting. I grew up on a farm in west central Michigan, not really "rural rural" because the homeplace is now part of a suburb of Grand Rapids, but a farm nonetheless and in a family which enjoyed for years the splendid services of a country doctor, Dr. Jay D. Vyn. His wife was his office nurse/receptionist; later his daughter served in that role also. They worked together in harmony to treat the sick and the injured, vaccinate the children, improve sanitation, and protect the health of the whole community. They mobilized the townspeople and were supportive of each other, the patient, the family, the neighborhood. I am not a nostalgia buff, yearning for the good old days -- a return to the outhouse, tuberculosis, and blood-letting -- but there were some things in that pattern which should still serve us well. �4 But perhaps my best qualification for being here today is not that of a foundation executive, but simply a concerned citizen. I have been blessed with good health and so my personal involvement with either the health care system or the public health system has been minimal. But I have had more than enough opportunity to be deeply involved -emotionally and in every other way -- in my responsibilities and relationships with parents, friends, and neighbors. I have seen at first hand the petty squabbles between health departments and medical doctors, between health and social service agencies, and I have seen over and over again the apathy and red tape and needless bureaucratic entanglements that defy human logic and need. I have sought information and assistance in every conceivable way -- asking, begging, cajoling, threatening -- to get a glimmer of understanding, an approach to a problem. And I have experienced an extraordinary array of responses empathy, helpfulness, compassion, arrogance, disdain, rebuke, both the engaging resourcefulness and the pettiness of the helping professions you represent. So the perspective I bring is that of a layman -- a concerned individual, a grateful beneficiary, a constructive critic, an eager participant in the unending process of making the superb health system and situation we have today even more responsive, effective, and satisfying. II Many of you are educators, charged with key responsibilities in the preparation of the professionals who design, manage, and conduct the affairs of our health care system -- its various components, institutions, and programs. You shape tomorrow. W.K. Kellogg said it well, "Education offers the greatest opportunity for really improving �5 on e generation over another." You are vital participants in the s election a nd molding of the publi c health professionals who guide our future . You help to determine the criteria by which decisions are made as to who is in and who is out; you shape the pattern of experiences to which they are exposed; and you establish the criteria by which their suc cess or failure is determined . Thus, ultimately, you influence the shap e, the character, the personality, the morality of our health system. We are grateful for the degree to which you succeed; we worry about the whys, the hows, and the so whats of the job you do; and we are the beneficiaries -- or the victims -- of the consequences of your efforts. Others of you in this room are public health practitioners. You manage and give direction to local health agencies, and you c a r r y out and supervise the array of preventive and protective servi ces which government provides for the entire community. Still others of you analyze and plan and develop policy options for the organization and delivery of lo cal and regional health services. And finally, there are individuals in this room who, like me, are laymen, but committed to lending a hand as volunteers and dedicated public servants in the grassroots, civic, and human service organizations that make our nation unique in all the world. Quite frankly, I have struggled with how I might most productively approach my assignment today. My first inclination was to approach the task as I always approach the learned professions -- hat in hand, in awe and in admiration of those who are privileged to serve and influence so intimat ely the human condition. Despite the experiences which abuse �6 that idyllic image, to me there is no higher calling than the health professions you represent. But I have chosen a different course in pursuing my task today. Quite simply, I leaned back in my chair and said, "Suppose I were a health professions educator or practitioner. What would I do?" As a logical first step, I then pursued the question, "If I could design it, what kind of health system would I like for my own community and for the Mawby family?" This is not an idle or an impulsive question; it is one I have been asking myself, members of our Foundation program staff, l eaders in the health professions for a number of years. I have finally concluded that ideally I would have the Mawby family affiliated with a small team of professionals perhaps some combination of primary care physicians, dentists, nurse practitioners, with a receptionist/bookkeeper, other support personnel in nursing and the allied health fields. This group would have appropriate privileges with community hospitals and nursing homes; referral arrangements with specialists (mental, physical, social, behavioral), and it would function within a system that continuously monitored health conditions, assessed the need for services now and in the future, and made certain that all citizens had adequate responses to their health needs. Philosophically the entire system, public and private, would be committed to a program of health promotion/dis ease prevention or health maintenan c e, as well as treatment of illness. Why the emphasis on health promotion/disease prevention? You in the public health profession have allowed a system to be designed which compensates caregivers only for the treatment of my illness or injury. I can engage specialists to design and implement a preventive �7 maintenance program for my air conditioner at home, or the elevator or duplicating machine at my office. In such a contractual arrangement, I always have responsibilities which I must fulfill if that contract is to be valid. In similar fashion, I would like to compensate a health group for the design and the continuing monitoring, with my full participation and fulfillment of my obligations and responsibilities, of a maintenance contract for my most precious possession -- my health. Why have the health professions been so unimaginative, so uncreative, so unresponsive in this area? So, that's a brief insight from a layman's perspective of one model of an "ideal health services system." There can -- and should -- be many others, to provide primary care to diverse client groups in varied settings and to provide public health services to focused populations at risk. At the Foundation, we are not in the business of prescribing models; and we hope many creative ideas will arise out of the new initiative. So, that's as far as I will go today as a layman. As experts, you will give further consideration relating to various levels of public health services and to the support strategies of sophisticated communication technology and the rich resources of research institutions and academic health centers. With the range and sophistication of information technology that is available, public health practitioners in even the most remote locations can be in touch with colleagues for consultation and counsel on a continuing basis. You will think of people and the range of their needs, and loosen your grip on the technology that strengthens the confidence of professionals only, but with little benefit for members of the public. As a layman surveying the health scene today -- both in education and in practice -- I see the "bits and pieces" as superb. By "bits and pieces" �8 I refer to our professional schools, in public health, medicine, nursing, dentistry, pharmacy, administration, allied health, all the rest; the professions, with dedicated and competent individuals and effective associations; the various practice settings, including solo and group offices, clinics, hospitals, research and teaching centers. All superb; without question, the finest in the world. But I have the uneasy feeling that too little thought and effort have been given to rationalizing the whole, with an objective of serving maximally the interests of the total community. major failing of our public health system. And this perhaps is the In the one profession that is charged with setting our national directions for health policy, we have only mixed signals and half-considered mewlings. The "total system" (this phrase sounds tidier, more prescribed and restrictive than intended or possible) with multiple alternatives and pluralism in every sense -- should be particularly sensitive to the public it serves and by which it is sustained, subjugating the more selfish interests of professions and institutions to the higher purpose. We lack a "grand design" or a series of grand designs which bring together in most effective ways the expertise of the various health professions, and networking more efficiently the resources of the health care institutions of our society. Wisely done, building on the terrific strengths of the day but responding objectively and sensitively to the demand and unmet needs of the public, the result surely will be far greater than the simple sum of the parts of which it is comprised. It goes without saying, surely, that this core public health function should occur not only at the macro level -- global and national in cities and counties and communities throughout the country. but As public health educators and practitioners it is your challenge to fulfill such a vision and goal. It is not enough to be simply an educator in health administration or specialist in environmental health services. You must see the larger picture, with its strengths and shortcomings, and move relentlessly toward the realization of the better situation. Universities, of which the schools of the health professions are a part, have a special responsibility. They are the knowledge reservoirs of our society, established and sustained to preserve, create, and transmit knowledge. An unending challenge is that of �9 mobilizing these knowledge resources in ever more effective ways to deal with the concerns of society. While there is much in the health scene in this country of which you can be justifiably proud, there is still much "unfinished business." Hopefully the health professions -- with you in public health in the vanguard -- will provide aggressive and imaginative leadership in addressing issues of concern, lest the responsibility fall by default to those less able. III Recent health programming of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation focuses on community-based health services, as you have heard from our health program team over the past few months. Since 1987 more than 75 projects have been funded by the Foundation as models for community-based, problem-focused hea~th services. Let me tell you about three of them. First, there is the project that you know already -- conducted for and by the residents of an Atlanta public housing project. You have heard Avery and her team talk of trying to piece together the fragmented lives of adolescents, putting the focus on their self-esteem by tying the threads of desperate interventions together -- drug education, sex education, AIDS education, pregnancy counseling, job training literacy tutoring, and more. Shouldn't public health education be rolling up its sleeves and going to work on preparing health professionals to shoulder their part of the burden? In another instance, one group from a health professions school is being funded to address the basic health and human service needs of masses of isolated urban immigrants. There they deal with language barriers, illiteracy, and tropical diseases, to name a few. The group's tether to their school and to the other health professions' schools of its institution is thin indeed. Hopefully, public health students will attain valued educational experiences in this program. Yet, the support so far from the parent institution is "long distance encouragement." Like big ships, academic health centers change their course ever so slowly. �10 And a third example, although I could go on and on, is that of a comprehensive program for young black males to teach high school graduates to read, to improve the nutritional status of young blacks, to provide basic health services, to help them find jobs, and in the words of the project's director, "to turn them away from their syndrome of self-hate." These are but a few examples, and as I mentioned earlier, there are many more from our projects comprising our primary health strategy. are four supporting strategies in our health program as well. There They are: informing poli cymakers, information technology, leadership development, and the one that is the focus of this initiative, health professions education. Health professions education is critical of course. If our support of these specific community-based, problem-focused projects is to lead to wider and system-wide impact, we must involve professions education, and public health is one of the critical elements in such a venture. We emphasize community-based health services. As public health professionals, you understand the issues of primary health care and of population medicine, so there is no need to comprehensively address this topic. We are asked so often what we mean by community-based services, probably because it means so many things that it means so little. I am not going to help with the definitional problem, but I would like to reflect on a few things that are important from my layman's perspective -- and I suspect to most people as well. It may be appropriate to begin with a problem identified in the writing of Herodotus some 2400 years ago. The Greek historian perceived a discontinuity of care in his native land, and he lamented, "Each physician treateth one part and not more. And everywhere is full of physicians; for some profess themselves physicians of the eyes, and others the head, others the teeth, and others of the parts of the belly, and others of obscure sicknesses." Herodotus was correct in his view that a discontinuity of care can result from the trend toward overspecialization. Public health services, offered or provided in a fragmented fashion, likewise are �11 difficult to deal with. But the problem goes deeper: often accompanying such specialization is the problem of transfer of information between divisions or branches of the same agency, thereby crippling it as the community's comprehensive resource center in health. Let me use a personal example to illustrate what I mean. My mother, by the time she reached her mid-70s had several different health problems, including cancer and complications from a series of strokes. In the course of her cancer treatment, she was shunted from one specialist to another, from internist to surgeon to radiologist to oncologist, none of whom really took a comprehensive look at her problems in order to assess her overall condition. The internist who diagnosed the problems initially refused to continue as her primary care physician, so the responsibility for continuity rested with the patient and her family, certainly an unsatisfactory assignment by default. We encountered another stumbling block -- a great reluctance, and at times, refusal on the part of several physicians to transfer medical records of the care they gave my mother to other physicians who also were treating her. Consequently, examinations, tests, and procedures were duplicated unnecessarily, at inconvenience, discomfort, and cost. I understand the reasons given, but I do not accept the final result as adequate or defensible. one. There must be better ways. This example is not an isolated Friends and associates have told me similar stories, and you can surely add anecdotes of your own. While my example centers on physicians' behavior, overspecialization and a lack of coordination in care are not problems confined to anyone of the health professions. Specialization, some observers contend, has resulted from the implementation of technology in almost every field, forcing each citizen to deal with an ever-increasing number of providers of service. The specialization of health education and health services is, in many ways, an achievement in which America can be proud. But at the same time, we must manage it so that it does not become an end in and of itself. If such specialization results in frustration and fragmented, incomplete community health services, it needs rethinking and rearranging. This problem should be addressed by all health professional schools, not excluding schools of public health. �12 IV Experts keep telling me that access to health care is a serious problem only for the urban poor and for people in remote rural communities. That simply is not true, if the measure we apply for adequacy goes beyond the most primitive or basic standard. In communities of all types, urban and rural, without regard to economic circumstances, many families have real difficulty in gaining access to satisfactory primary care on a continuing basis. Let me use a true story to illustrate the issue of availability of and access to health care. Not long ago on a visit to a county seat town in southern Michigan, I met with a group of young physicians. I asked them, "If the Mawby family moved to this area, could any of you take us on as new patients?" There was a quick consensus, DOh yes, Russ Mawby, chairman of the Kellogg Foundation, of course we will get you in." "No, no," I said. "Russ Mawby, 'wi t h a wife and three kids, living on 40 acres south of town." Again there was a quick agreement, "None of us is taking any new patients. You'll just have to go to the emergency room at the hospi tal. " I don't believe that is a satisfactory answer to primary care for families; emergency room care should be for emergencies, not serve as a usual point of entry for primary care. As a layman, I have observed that health professionals -- in particularly physicians, but to a degree all health professionals have no problems gaining access to the health care system. If their child or mother or good friend needs to see a doctor, even a specialist who is booked six months in advance, there is no problem of access. I �13 suspect this may be a fringe benefit which also extends to you as public health educators and practitioners. But don't let this lull you into a belief that this is therefore no problem for the rest of us, regardless of geographic, cultural, or economic circumstance. Innovative approaches to encouraging physicians, nurses, dentists, and other health professionals to practice together more efficiently and effectively, including the provision of care in underserved areas and to unreached clientele, must continue to be developed and supported by public health officials so that all people, whether they be affluent or poor, and whether they live in the city or the country, have access to quality health services. Public health all too often functions as an island -- distant from the practice arrangements and practice anomalies of the licensed caregivers, never acknowledging that its own disassociation is but another part of the problem. v Notice -- I said quality health services basic concern of all. certainly a persistent and In recent years, not just in the practice of medicine, quality increasingly has come to be defined in terms of the application of high technology. We pride ourselves on making use of the latest equipment, procedures , and systems whether in medicine, public health, the auto industry, or communications. In the health field this emphasis on technology can contribute to a failure to recognize that actual public health services may be just as good or better in the small, modestly equipped facilities. Universities have taken the lead in applying high technology to health professions practice (as well they should) but they must not rush so far ahead that they forget the human dimension the public's perception of quality, which often hinges on how people are treated, individuals and families, not just the health problem. Despite statements by individual faculty members that they recognize this citizen-receiver perception of quality, as contrasted with the professional's perception, most observers are unable to note much evidence of that recognition. �14 If you or I were to have a coronary today, our spouse would not walk into the hospital and ask, "What's the average length of stay?" But that yardstick has been too much a primary measure of "quality" in facili ty reviews. in pain? him?" Instead, a loved one is likely to ask, "Is he or she Is he being kept comfortable? Is someone with him? May I see Administrators tend not to worry enough about those humanly critical gauges which are so significant both to the patient and the family, and to the patient's ultimate recovery. There is a definite need for educators to give as much consideration to the public's perspective on quality as it gives to health science and research. Many respected authorities have long called for increased attention to the humanities and social sciences as a means for instilling humane concerns for the human condition in the education and training of public health professionals. In the new initiative, I hope steps are included to make this dimension central to all health professions education. VI My closing thought would be a return to my first observations: 1) While there is much in our health care system in this country about which we can be proud and while in fact, it is unequaled in the world, improvement is possible; there are shortcomings which need to be imaginatively addressed; and 2) as public health educators and practitioners, you will visibly shape tomorrow. What will the new public models be like? I don't know the details and it's not the Kellogg Foundation's style to shape those details. Someone said that the trouble with predictions is that they deal with the future, but undaunted I will turn on my future scope to 20 years hence. I can see the outlines of a vision. The vision is of a community that is mobilized and empowered by its citizens to engage in an effort to improve the health and well-being of all those who live within that community. Ordinary people are engaged in collective action through schools, worksites, churches, civic organizations, or political action groups, to address the problems which �15 surround them. For health concerns they are linked in partnership with administrators from the local hospital, leaders of the professions (medicine, nursing, dentistry) and in particular with staff from the local health department. These public health professionals are knowledgeable not only about traditional public health issues (things like contagion control, health promotion/disease prevention, occupational safety, human nutrition, and the like) but also in the process of community organization and human development. Both groups citizen leaders and health professionals -- work together, collaboratively, to address the issues that threaten community health always with an ear to the priorities and special cultural approaches that make most sense to the people who encounter the problems on a continuing basis. In my vision I see something more ... a health department that is so good at its business of building the community and promoting its health interests, that it also is the site where future public health professionals are educated and trained. Students learn in depth about rabies and animal control by walking the streets with health department staff. Students make home visits with public health nurses, and they plan and design a public relations campaign against smoking and drugs with real experts in the communications field. Most particularly, they become knowledgeable about community "affairs and citizen action by working side-by-side with neighborhood leaders, men and women who are committed to improving the lives of people outside their own family or personal acquaintances. In this cauldron of work and learning, the issues of equity and social justice are not just phrases in a course in philosophy, but they are basic tools that are inherent in a profession that is committed to improving the lives of people. I know -- and you know -- that our society will not permit the present state of affairs in health care to last forever, and the pressures are growing upon you as policymakers to find solutions; more people have needs to be served, and the costs are increasing at a rate well above inflation. What elected officials seek are solutions that they can support and implement. They need public health and community leaders to shift from being part of the problem to being part of the solution. We hope that the Kellogg initiative will give some of you the opportunity �16 to create and implement such solutions. We -- elected officials and policymakers, city folk, rural folk, the underserved poor, the upper middle class, the young and the elderly, me and my family -- are all counting on you. In most areas of human concern "we know better than we do." Certainly this is true in your chosen field of concentration, the education and practice of professionals in public health. For in fact, a great deal more is known about what good health could be and should be than is generally put to use. The unending challenge to you is to move reality closer to the vision of that which ought to be. I wish you gods peed and look forward to that day in the future when we celebrate together your achievements. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1992-03-24_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech, Community-Based Public Health Initiative Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given March 24, 1992 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the last seminar for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation's Community-Based Health Initiative. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan W. K. Kellogg Foundation Charities Speeches, addresses, etc. Health Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1992-03-24 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/f7db03d3b12517b2512513c927142155.pdf 836b8be91ab5a750e455a47d3bd298f9 PDF Text Text Thank you, Mr. Chairman, Ladies, and Gentlemen: It is a privilege, an honor, for me to be with all of you this evening to join in saluting these folks we have come to know so well and to regard so highly, Jean and what's-his-name here. In nearly four decades at the W. K. Kellogg Foundation, Andrew has earned a special place in the hearts and memories of all of us, with his distinctive style and engaging ways. One thinks first of the daring, the flamboyance, the audacity of his trend-setting pace in men's fashions. Few people can equal Andy's reputation when it comes to style of dress ... fortunately ... And few can match his performan~e as a distinguished sports analyst ... always predicting the Detroit Tigers to win the pennant. One cannot find a more loyal and persistent Michigan fan -- although he's been very quiet this basketball season. Andy is a virtual walking encyclopedia of sports trivia. It's amazing -- he can recall that the Michigan Wolverines trounced the Michigan State Spartans 55 to nothing in 1947 but can't remember whether the staff meeting tomorrow is at 9:30 or 2. But spectator only he is not -- he is an avid participant as well in active games of all kinds. Today he reigns as the �2 unquestioned star of our Foundation racquetball squad, playing with a vigor and an abandon that has earned for him the admiring moniker "The Gazelle." He has pursued with no less dilig ence and enthusiasm his professional career, a faithful, hard-working employe e who stays awake nights planning various strategies. Some have felt it would be better if he stayed awake days. In spinning his programmatic strategies he is genuinely a modern philosopher -- he redoubles his efforts after losing sight of his objectives. But he always cuts through any confusion that may arise over statements he makes. Roused from a somnambulant moment of meditation during Foundation programming meetings, he will enjoin us, "How can I tell you what I think until I hear what I have to say?" That sort o f lo gic is hard to argue against. Seriously, Andy -- as all assembled here well know -- has made a distinctive and distinguished contribution through his various responsibilities with the Foundation. His reputation is international, his contributions are innumerable, his friends are legion. we love you. Andrew, we admire you, we respect you, While your role at the Foundation is changing, we look forward to your continuing service as a Senior Program Consultant and Director of the Kellogg National Fellows Program for the remainder of this year. And we look forward to a lifetime of good friendship and enriching colleagiality. �3 As many of you know, Andr ew P a ttullo came to Battl e Cr eek a n d th e W. K. Kellogg Foundati on in 1943 a s a Kel l o g g Fellow in Hospit al Adminis tr a t i on . Through the year s we have had man y , man y Kell ogg Fell ows . Th e usual pattern has been f o r a Fe ll ow to sp end one, or two , or three years with us and th en mov e o n to gainful e mp lo yme n t . But not Andr ew . Thus, amon g hi s many distinctions is th at of bein g the l on g estte nu r e d Kello g g Fellow. True t h e n to the Foundation' s p olic ie s , pro c edures , and proto col , we wish on this memorable occ asi on to present to And y his Fellowship Cer tific ate: THIS I S TO CERTIFY THAT ANDREW PATTULLO WAS A KELLOGG FELLOW IN HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATION AND LEADERSHI P IN PHILANTHROPY 1943-19 82 RGM 3/2/82 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1982-03-02_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech at the roast for Andrew Pattullo Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given March 2, 1982 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the 'roast' for Andrew Pattullo. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan W. K. Kellogg Foundation Charities Speeches, addresses, etc. Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1982-03-02 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/6629fa320768fc1a3f9015273ce9725a.pdf c740ebffa3e272cfeb1af8ceb6fb42e1 PDF Text Text A LAYMAN' S PERSPECTI VE ON PRIORITIES FOR HEALTH PROFESSI ONS EDUCATI ON REFORM Remarks by Dr . Rus s e l l G. Mawby , Pres ident W. K. Ke llogg Founda t ion March 17, 1982 Heal th Pr o fe s s ions Edu cation Confer en c e Universi ty o f I llino i s, Chic ag o I. I wel come t he invi t a t ion to be wi th you t oday and t hank you f or t he opportuni ty to o f f e r a f ew ob serv a t ion s f r om a l ay man 's pe r spe c t i ve on "Priori ties f or Health Pr o f e s sions Education Ref or m." I hope t he s e thoughts f r om a grateful beneficiary of your pro fe ssions , a f r i endl y c r i t i c o f the proces s and sy stem, can add a us e ful dimension to your delib era ti on s. In reviewing the program I am s truck, in par ticular, by two point s. First, t he depth and bread th of the t op i c s addre ss ed and t he qual if i cations o f t he spe ake r s and r esource people are most impressive. Hope fu l ly the presenta t ion s and di scuss i on s with you r col l e ague s i n the heal th pro fess ions educ ati on f i e ld hav e challenged �2 you r t h i nki ng , s ubstan tiat ed s ome o f yo u r own beliefs, and given you pause f o r though t. One challenge always is to have a confe r enc e such a s th i s make a r eal d i f f e r enc e "back home." Too of t en we r etu rn t o a he c t i c schedule , a loaded desk , a c l u t t e r ed calendar. In th e busyn e ss o f ca t ching up, keep i ng up, and cop ing wi t h t he crises of t he momen t, li f e -- and t he curr i cu l um -- go unaltered by mee tings such as this. The proce sse s of i n stitut i on a l change , c a r efully des igned to protec t us all f r om h a s ty decision or impulsive action , can a s e a si ly s erve to smother a flame of i nnovation. May you h ave t he courage, t h e energy, and the genius t o avo i d t hat b eing t he cas e -- again. Second, I am i mpre ssed wi th the compr ehensive fram ework of t h is mee t ing. conten ts, everyo ne is h e r e. At l ea s t i n t he tabl e of Us ua l l y, ph ysicians talk with phy s ic i an s , nur se s with nu r s e s, pub lic h eal t h s pe c i a l is t s wi t h s oc i ologi st s and pol i t ical sci ent is t s , �3 and den ti sts wi th themselve s . But a l l dimensions of t h e h ealth profe s sion s are rep r es en ted i n t his meeting -t h e basi c sc ienc e s, medi cin e, dentis try, nur s ing , admi n i s trat ion, pharmacy , pu bl i c he al t h, t he alli ed h e a l t h f i e l ds . Remarkable! Wonder f u l ! Perhaps you wil l be t h e v angua rd in moving forw ard, in t angib le and gra tify ing way s , t he conc ep t an d gen i u s o f the academic hea l th cente r -- at t h e momen t accomplished in d i s c i p l i n a r y sci enti f ic con tributions, bu t wi t h t he i r po t ent i a l unfulfi lled i n program s f or main t aining h e al t h and promo t ing i n t erprofessional educ a t i on , benefi ts which the r efo r e a r e no t yet r e a l iz e d . As alre ady i ndicat ed, my bac kgr ound and my gradua t e education are in agri cu l ture. I come t o you as a l ayman , hope fu l ly an " in f ormed layman" whos e ro le as chi e f ex e cu tiv e of ficer o f a foundation -- which each ye a r provides abou t $2 5 mil l ion f or demon s t r at i on �4 programs i n health education , s ervices, and delivery ob ligate s me t o be aware of i ssue s in t he f ield. I still recall vividly a s e r i e s of "rude awakening s" as I f i r s t bec ame involved in the Foundation ' s programming in hea lth. I was dismayed, shocked, d isappoin ted by much o f what I learned of the inner workings, both in education and practice. Whil e t h e r e is much to be admired and praised, the s t ark realities which became clear, tarnished and e r oded the pinnac l e upon which t h e health pro fes sions had resided in my mind. I have tried to learn wi s ely and t o ' c a r e f u l l y place the various components in proper perspective and ba l ance. In so do ing, I have h ad to l ea r n t h e l exic on o f t h e hospital hallways and the differenc e s between radio logy and rh eumato logy; to recogniz e a "third party payor" when I s e e one; to understand that " f our - handed dentistry" do esn't re f e r to a clumsy practitioner or a ca r n i v al f r ea k ; and to apprecia te a care er ladder in nursing �5 (bu t I mus t confe s s I s till canno t dis t ingu ish ea s i ly a nur se pract itioner f r om one who i s no t .) Ac tually I bring mor e baggage than t ha t to t h i s me e ting . I grew up on a f a r m i n west cen tra l Mi ch i gan , no t rea lly "rural rural" b e cau s e t he ho mepl a ce is now part of a suburb o f Grand Rapi ds , bu t a farm nonethe less and in a f amily which enjoye d f or ye ar s th e spl endi d s ervic es o f a coun t r y doc t or , Dr. J ay D. Vyn. His wife was his of f ic e nurse/rec ep t ioni s t ; l a t er h is daugh t e r s e rved in t h at r o l e al s o . They worked t oge t h e r in ha rmony -- we no w ca ll th a t jo i n t prac tic e -- suppor t ive o f e a ch othe r, the pati en t , th e f ami l y . I am not a no s t a l gia bu f f, yearn ing fo r t he go od old days -- a re tu rn t o the ou t-hou s e, t ube r cu l os i s , and bl ood l e t ting but the re were s ome th ings in t h at pa t tern which would s t i l l s e r v e us well. But perhaps my bes t quali f ic a t ion f or be i ng here t oday i s not th a t o f a Foundat ion execu t i v e but simply �6 a layman -- a son, husband , parent, conce r ned c i t i zen . I h av e b een bl es sed with good he a lth and s o my pe r s on a l i nvolvement wi th the heal th care s y stem has be en min imal . But I have had more t h an enough opportunity t o b e deep ly involved - - emotiona l ly and in ev e r y other way -- in my r e spon s ib i lit i e s and re la t i on s hip s with bro thers and si sters, paren ts, f r i ends . I hav e spent mo re hours than I care to r ememb er a t a ho sp i ta l beds ide, l e an i ng on the wall o f a ho spi ta l corrido r, s itt i ng endle s sly i n a waiting room. I have sought i nfo r mat i on and assistanc e in eve r y conce i v able way -- asking, begging, cajo l ing, thre a ten ing -- t o ge t a tidbi t o f informa ti on, a glimpse o f the t r uth , a glimmer o f unders t anding . I hav e exper i enced i t al l -- t r i umph s and t r age d i e s , compas sion, arrogance, s e l f l e s s n es s , in sensitive cal lou sne ss, both the brilliance and the pet t i n es s o f th e car i ng p rofessions you r epresen t . So the perspec tiv e I bring i s t hat o f a l ayman -- a conc erned �7 individual, a grateful beneficiary, a cons t ruc tiv e c r i t i c, an e ager p art i cipan t in t h e unending proc e s s o f making the superb hea lth sy s t em and situ a ti on we hav e to day even more re s ponsive, e f fe c t i v e, and s at isfy i ng . II . You are educa tors, t ho s e charged with key re s pon s i bi l itie s in t he p r epa r a ti on o f th e pro fe s sional s who des ign, manage , and conduc t t he a f fa irs o f our h eal th care sy s t em -- its variou s co mpo nents, i nst i t u t i ons, and programs. it we l l : You shape tomorrow . W. K. Kellogg s a i d "Education o f f ers t he grea t e s t opport uni ty fo r re al ly i mprov ing one genera tion ove r another ." You a r e vi tal par ticipan t s in t h e s e l ec t ion and molding o f phys i cians, nurs e s, pharmac i s t s, den ti sts, and other hea l th pro f e s s ionals of t he futu r e. You help to determine the cr iteria by wh ich the t ough de c is ions are made as t o who i s 1n and who i s ou t ; you shap e the pa t te rn o f experienc es to which t hey are exposed and t he ri gors t o �8 which they a r e s ub jecte d and you e stabli sh t h e c r ite r i a by which their suc ces s or fa ilure i s determined. Thus, ultimately, you i n fl uence t he shape, t he character, t he personali ty, the moral ity of t h a t which we c al l our heal th care system. We are grate ful f or the degre e to which you suc ceed; we worry about the whys, the hows, and the so whats of t he job you do; and we are the benefic iarie s -- or the vi c t i ms -- of t he consequences o f your e f f or t s. Quite frankly, I have struggled with how I might most productive ly appr oa ch my ' assignmen t t h i s morning. My fi rs t i nc l i na t i on was t o approach the ta s k as I a lways approach doctors and nurses -- hat in hand, in awe and in admiration of t hos e who are privil eged to serve and inf luence s o intima t e ly t he human condition. Despite many experiences whi ch abuse that i dyllic image, t o me there i s no h igher calling than the caring profes sions you repre sent. �9 But I hav e cho sen a dif ferent cour s e in pur suing my t a s k today. Qui t e simply , I l eaned back in my chai r and said, " Suppose I were a he al th profe s sions educ ator . What would I do?" As a l ogic al f i r s t s t ep, I t he n pursued th e question, "I f I cou l d de s ign i t , what kind of a health car e a rrangemen t would I l ike f or the Mawby f ami l y ? " Thi s i s no t an idl e or an impul sive qu estion; i t is on e I have been asking mysel f, memb er s o f our Founda t i on p rogr am s ta ff , l eaders i n th e h e al th pro f e ssions for a numbe r of years. I hav e f i nal ly concl ud ed tha t i de al l y I would hav e t he ' Mawby fami ly a f f i li a t ed with a sma l l group prac tice consi sting o f thre e or f our f ami l y phy s i c ians , a ped ia t r i c i an and an ob s te tri cian gyne col og i st , working appropria t e ly and i n ha r mony wi th nurs e pract itioners , wi th a r ecep ti oni s t /bookkeeper, other s uppor t personne l in nur sing and the al lied health f i e l ds , and two dent is t s. This group would have appropria t e privil ege s with community hos p i t a l s and �10 re f erral a r r angemen t s with spe cial i s ts. Ph i l os oph i c a l l y t he group would be commi t t e d to a program o f he al t h promo t ion/di s eas e preven tion or hea l th main t enance, a s wel l a s t r ea tment o f i l lne s s. Now l e t ' s t a ke a momen t t o con s ide r thi s model . First, t he cor e o f t he gr oup would be three or f ou r family phy sic ians, conc erned with t he i nd i v i dua l and wi th t he f ami l y . When our f amily phy s i c i an wa s away , we woul d be covered by on e of h is group partner s who would have complete acce s s t o ou r heal t h r ecords. When warranted , t he s e f amily practit ioners would i nvolve app ropri a te s pec ial i s ts fo r consultat ion and/o r t re a t men t . They would be working i n harmony wi th nu rse practit i one r s . Very o f ten my minor complaints do not r equire t he atten ti on or time of a board-c er t i f i ed s pe c i a l i st . I am qu it e con ten t to b e t r ea t e d by a comp eten t nurs e prac ti t ioner, wi t h con fidenc e t ha t i f s he i den t if ie s a probl em t ha t s h e t hinks r equi res f u r t he r exp e r tis e , s h e ��12 the profess ions t o addres s t hi s idio sync rasy in t he pre sent patt ern of practic e is dif ficult t o fa thom. And t he empha sis on heal th promotion/disease prevent ion? You i n the hea lth pro f e s sion s have de signed a s y s t em whi ch compensates yo u only for t h e treatmen t of my il l ne s s or i n j ury . I c an enga ge s pe c ia l is ts to des ign and implement a preventive maintenance program f o r my air conditioner a t home, or the e l ev a t o r or duplicating mach ine a t the offic e. I n such a contractural arrangement, I always have responsibili ties which I must fu lfi l l if t ha t con tract is t o be v a l i d . In similar fa sh ion, I would l ike t o compen s a t e a health care gr oup for t h e de sign and the con tinu ing monitoring, wi th my f u ll parti cipa tion and f u lf i l l men t o f my ob ligations and r e sponsibili ties, o f a maintenan ce contract for my mo st precious possession my health. Why have the health pr o f e s s i on s b een s o un i magina t i ve , so uncreative, so unre sponsive in t his area? �13 So, t ha t' s a br i e f in s i gh t from a layman' s perspectiv e o f one mode l o f an " i de a l primary c a r e arrangemen t. " Th e r e can - - and should -- be many o th e r s, t o provide pr ima ry care t o diver s e c li ent group s i n va r i e d se ttings. Th a t ' s a s f a r a s I wi l l go today as a layman. As exper ts, you wil l giv e f ur t h e r con s ide ra t ion re la ti ng to s e condary and ter tiary l ev e ls of car e, of f e ring t h e bene f i t s of superb specialization and sophis t i ca ted t e chnol ogy and linking primary car e prov ide r s ul tima t ely t o th e rich re s ou r c e s of r e sear ch i nst itu t i ons and academic health centers. Wi th modern commun i cat ions t e chnol ogy , pract i tione r s i n ev en t h e mo s t r emot e loca tions can be i n tou ch wi th colleague s for cons ulta tion and counsel on a cont i nui ng basi s . As a l ayman surveying the health c are s c ene t oday both i n educa tion and i n pra c tice - - I see the "bits and p ieces" a s superb . By "bi t s and p i eces" I re fer t o our pro fe ssional s chool s, i n medic ine, nurs ing, dentis t ry, �14 pharmacy, admini stration, a l l i ed h eal th, a l l t h e rest; the p rofessions, with dedica ted and compe tent indiv idual s and e f fec tive associa t ions; t he various pract i ce settings, including s ol o and group o ffi ces, clinics, hosp i tal s, research and teaching cent er s. Al l superb, without quest ion t h e finest i n the world. But I have the uneasy f ee l ing th a t t oo l i t tle t hough t and e f f or t has been given to rat iona liz ing t h e whole, with an object ive of s e r v i ng maximal ly t h e int e r ests of the ultima t e beneficiari e s . The "total system" (this ph r a s e sounds tidier, more prescr ibed and restric tive than intended or possible) with multi pl e alterna tives and pluralism i n every sen s e -- should be particularly sensitive t o the publi c it s e r ve s and by which it is sustained, sub jugating the more s e l f i s h i n t e r e s ts o f p rofessions and institutions to the higher purpos e. We lack a "grand des ign" or a s e r i e s o f grand designs which bring t oge t h e r in most effec tive ways th e �15 exper t ise o f t he various h eal th p ro f essions, and networking mor e e f f i ci ent l y the resource s o f th e h e alth c are i n s t i t u t i on s o f ou r s oci e t y. Wi s e l y don e , building on t he t e r r i f i c st r ength s of t he day bu t r e spond ing ob jec tiv e l y and s en s i t i v e ly t o t he demands and unme t needs o f t he pub l ic , th e res u lt sure l y wil l be fa r gr eat e r t h an t he s i mp le s um of t he par ts o f which i t i s compri sed. As e du c a t or s i t is yo ur ch a l l enge t o f u lf i l l such a vis i on and go al . I t i s not enough t o be s i mp l y a nur s e educato r or a medica l e duc a t o r . You mu s t s e e the larger p i cture , with i ts str engths and shor t comings, and mov e re l entles sly t owa r d t he r eal i z a ti on of t he b ett er s i t u a t i on . Un i v e r s i t i es , of which the schools of the h ealth pro fe s sions a re a p art, a re the knowl edge res e rvo ir s o f our society, e s t ab l ish ed and s u s t a i n ed to preserve , c reat e , and transmi t knowl edge . An unending chall enge i s th a t o f mobi liz ing t hese knowledge r esources i n ever more e f f e c t i v e ways to deal wi th th e conc ern s o f s oc i e t y . �Whil e t he re is muc h in t h e hea l th c a re s cene i n this coun try o f whi ch you can be j u s t ifi ab ly p r ou d , there i s st i ll much "un fini shed bu siness. " Hope f ul ly the health profe s sion s -- wi t h you as educators in the v anguard - - wil l prov ide aggressive and i mag i na t i v e leadership i n addres sing i s sue s o f concern, l e s t the r e s pon s i bi li t y f a ll by defaul t to t ho s e l e s s able . III I n t he he a lth programming o f t he W. K. Ke l logg Founda tion, our health program team fo cus e s on fi v e issues : av ailability and a cc e s s to h ealth care; comprehen siv eness and c on ti nu i ty; qu al ity ; co s t con t a i nmen t and produc tivi ty; and he a l t h promot ion/dis e a se preven t ion/pub li c he a l t h . As health profess ional s you unde r s t and the se i s sues and the i r ramif ications so t h e r e ' s no need t o el abor a t e in detail, but I would commen t on e ac h br i e fly since t he y re late so cl ear l y to your opportun i t i e s i n educ a t ion. Because the issue s �are s o in terrelated, I ' l l no t t r y to s eparate t h em artif ic ially bu t simply t ou ch on t hem in a natura l sequence. It may be appropria te to begin with a problem identi fied in the writ ings o f Herodotu s s ome 2400 y ears ago. The Greek historian perceived a disconti nuity o f care in his n a tive l and , and he lamented, "Each physi c i a n t r e a t e th one part and not more. And everywhere i s f u l l of physicians; f or some pro fe ss themselv e s phy s ician s o f t h e eye s, and others the head, other s t he t e e t h , and others o f th e pa r ts about the be l ly, and o th e rs of obscure sicknesses." Herodotu s was corr e c t in his view t h a t a discont inuity of care c an resul t f r om t he trend toward ov erspecia lizat ion. Health care, o f fered or provided in a fra gmented fa sh ion, is difficult to deal with in itself but the problem goes deeper. Oft en accompany ing s u ch spec ia lized care i s the problem of t r an sfe r o f i n f ormati on between �pr ov ide rs o f c a r e who unwi tt ingly or wors e, knowi ngly, inh i b it t h e p ati ent' s a cce s s to comprehens i ve c are. Le t me u s e a pe r sonal exampl e t o il l u s t r a t e wha t mean. l My mother, by th e time she r eached h e r mid- 70 s had s ev era l different he al th probl ems , i nclud i ng cance r and compli ca t ion s f r om a se ries of s t r oke s . In th e cours e o f her cancer t r e a t men t s he was s hunted f r om on e s pe c i al i st to anothe r , f r om in terni s t t o s u rgeon t o r adio logi s t to onco logi st, none of whom r e ally took a comprehensive l ook a t her problems i n orde r to a s s e s s her ov erall condi tion. The i n t erni st who diagnosed the probl ems ini tia lly re fu s ed t o conti nue a s he r primary c a r e phy si c ian , so t h e r espons ib il ity f or continuity rested wi th the pa tient and he r f ami l y , c erta i nly an unsat i s fac tory as signmen t by de fault . We encountered another s tumbl ing b lock - - a great re luc tanc e, and at t i me s , r e f us a l on t h e p ar t o f seve r a l phys i c ians to t r an s f e r medi cal r eco rds o f t he car e t hey gave my �mother to other phy sicians who also were t r e a t i ng h er. Consequently, examinations, tests, and procedures were duplicated unnece ssari ly, a t inconven ienc e, d iscom f o r t , and cost. I understand t he reason s given, bu t I do not accept th e f i na l r esu lt a s adequate or de fen s ib le. The re must be better ways. isolated on e. Th i s examp l e is not an Fr i ends and assoc iate s have told me s imilar stories, and you can surely add anecdote s o f your own. Overspecializa tion and a lack of cont inui ty in care are not p roblems confined t o the practice o f medicine. Speci alization, some obs e r v e r s contend, has re sulted from t h e imp lemen t a tion o f technology i n almost every f i e l d, forcing the i ndividual t o de a l with an ev e r - i nc r e a s i ng number of prov iders o f s ervic e. The spec ia lization of h ealth education and he a lth services is, in many ways, an achi evement in America that we can �20 be proud o f. But at the same time, we mu s t manage it s o that i t do e s no t bec ome an end in and of i t s e l f . If s u ch spe cial izat ion resu l t s in f r u s t r a t i on and f r a gmen t e d , incompl ete patient care, i t needs rethinki ng and re arranging. What does t h is mean in terms of health profe s sion s education re f o r m? It means we mus t con sc ious ly and with de termina tion move toward making the academic heal t h center t h e foc us for compr ehens i v e , interprofess i on al education -- education which begin s t o remov e professional barriers th a t s tand in the way o f mor e effective, patient-c entere d h ea l t h care. And, it means encouraging s t uden t r ecep tivenes s t o t he kinds of joint practice arrangement s which can ultima t e l y bring i mpr ov emen ts i n c linical settin gs. In t he absenc e of an int egrated approach s uch as might be provided by an ac ademic heal th c en t e r , t he re sponsibility keep s coming ba c k to t he i ndividual schoo ls whi ch prepare dent ist s , nurses, physicians, �allied health personnel, administrators, and pub l i c health professionals. Thes e schools generally give t he i r studen t s only cursory expo sure and l i mi t e d sensi tivi ty to hea lth problems and care from th e viewpoint o f the patient. There are exceptions, of cour s e , but t oo often rel ated pro fe ss iona l s tudies abruptly leave o ff with t he important, but limited, p roces s o f taking a patient 's personal h istory " f or t he r e cor d . " Thi s problem should be addressed by all heal th professional schools, and parti cular ly by the med ic a l schoo l . The medical school has t h e respons ibility of educating t h e key member of the health care delive ry te am. The phy sician is t h e quarterback, t he CEO, t he gu a rdian, th e gatekeepe r -- large ly de termini ng in what manner and with wha t empha ses pa tien t care is provided. Thus t he medical school p lays a particularly c r u c i a l rol e in determining exactly what he al t h care delivery i s today and what it might be tomorrow. Even when academic �hea lth centers become well developed in hea lth pro f ess ions education, the medica l component wi l l co nti nue t o be of speci al sign ifi c anc e . I s it t oo much to hop e t h a t t he s e schools and t he i r graduates wil l incre asingly pursue a s t a t e sman s h i p rol e o f leadersh ip, se t t i ng t he highest of profe s s ional s t anda r d s for pati en t- centered care and s imu l taneou s ly encourag ing -- and permitt ing oth er h e alth profess ional s to con tribute maxima l ly? As a pa r t of t h e improvement o f heal th care , a t t enti on mu s t b e directed a t l earning how n ew spec ia lt i e s in medic al pract ice can be crea ted to t r e a t human problems, a s well a s defining soci ety' s ne ed s to make t he best us e o f t ho se special t i e s onc e t hey a r e in p lac e . An o rderly sy stem o f l imi t i ng, monitori ng, and coordinating s pe c i a l t y practice mu st be e s t ab l i s he d . Certainly , t h e s ame responsibili ty fa l l s on t he other hea lth pro fes sion s s choo l s , a s we s e e more and more empha sis on n ew s p e c ia l t ie s wi t h i n nursing, alli ed he a lth profes sions, pharmacy and denti s t ry. �My ph y si c ian f r i end s te l l me t h at in many educ a tional i ns t i t ut i ons t he socia l analysis a s pe c ts o f heal th c a r e a r e in t he schoo l s of public he al th . But they al so admi t that u sually there i s li t tl e rela tionship b etween wha t t he schoo ls o f pub lic health are seeing and wha t i s happening i n t he me d i ca l or dental or nur s ing e duc a t i ona l proces s . Very f ew universit i es, have for examp l e , what c an be ca ll ed a "Center f or Heal th Se r v ic e s Res ea r ch , " whi ch has a re lati on ship to or an effe c t on e duca ti on o f h e al th p r o fe ssionals. Thi s i s linked to t hat "grand des i gn" I ment i on ed e a rli e r which s hou ld be a backdrop f o r pro fession a l educat i on if care is t o be comprehensive and co n tinuou s. IV. Le t me u s e a t r u e story , sl i gh tly drama tiz ed, t o illus trat e th e i s s ue o f availabili ty o f and acc e ss to heal th c a r e. �No t l ong ago on a vi s i t to a county s e at t own in southern Mich i gan, I met with a group o f yo ung phys ici an s. I asked them: " I f t he Mawby f ami l y moved t o t h i s area, cou ld any of you take u s on a s new pa t i en t s ? " The r e was qu i ck consensus, "Gh y es , Russ Mawby, presiden t o f the Ke llogg Foundat ion, o f cours e we wi l l get you in. " "No , no ," I s a id . "Ru ss Mawby , with a wi f e and th r e e kids , l i v i ng on 40 acres sou th o f t own. " Aga in t he re was qu ick a gr e ement , "None o f u s i s taking any new pa ti en t s . You ' l l just hav e t o go t o t he emergency room at t he ho s p i t a l . " I don ' t bel ieve t hat i s a s a ti s fac tory answe r to primary c a r e f or famili es ; emergency room c a re should be f or emergenc ies, no t s e r ve as a us ua l point o f en t r y f or pr imary ca r e. �Expert s ke ep t e l l ing me t ha t access to health care is a seriou s problem on ly for t he urban poor and f or peopl e in r emote rura l communitie s. But th a t simply i s not true, if t h e measure we apply for adequacy goe s beyond t h e most primitive or basi c s tandard. In communiti e s of al l type s, urban and rural, withou t r e gard to e conomi c circumstanc e s, many fami l i e s have r e al di fficulty in gaining acce s s t o sa t is factory primary care on a con t inuing basi s. As a layman I hav e ob served that h e a l t h pro fessional s i n par t i cu l ar physicians, bu t to a de gree al l health profess i onal s h ave no pr ob l em gaining acc ess to the health care system. If t he i r child or mother or good f r iend needs to see a doctor, even a s p e c i a l i st who is booked six months in advance, t he re is no prob lem of access. I suspect this may be a fr inge benefit which al so extends t o you as heal th profes sions educators. But do n ' t l et t h i s l ull yo u i nto a belie f that t h is is �26 there fo r e no prob lem fo r t he re s t of u s, re gar d l es s o f geographi c, cul tu r a l, or e conomic ci r cumst an c e . While many medical s choo l s be liev e th ey a r e addres sing th e problem of acc ess t o -- and av a ilabili ty of -- good medical care by increasing the numbe r s o f gradua te s, s i mp l y incre a s ing numbers do e s not go f a r enough . s i mp l i st ic t e r ms, there are t wo prob l ems: In prep a r a ti on of physician s pe c i a l t i e s in appropria te propor ti on s, and th e geographi c d i stribu tion o f prac t itioners. Ea ch needs to be addre s sed c rea tive ly and fo rthrigh t l y . Part of t he d is tr ibu tion problem may correct itsel f a s numbers i nc r e a s e , bu t the r e a r e ce rt a inly f ur ther options. For exampl e , of mo re d i r ec t benef i t is t he e f f or t by s ome medical s choo l s to exp and re sidency experiences in small communities fo r g r adua t e physicians. Certain medical s choo l s have also e s t ab l i s h ed a gr eement s with the incoming s t uden t which require t h a t he or s he, upon graduat i on , pra c tic e f or two or th r ee �year s i n an underserv ed a r ea i n ex change f o r r epayment of a s t udent lo an. Model s s uch a s t h e s t udent l oan pr ogr am wh ich the Un i vers ity of I l l i no i s Coll e ge o f Medic ine ha s had s ince 195 0 wi th the I l l i no i s Agricu l tura l Asso c ia ti on and t he Sta t e Me d i c a l Society mu s t be c on t i nue d and promoted. In addi t ion , be tte r i nforma t i on systems must be cre ated which l og data on those a r e as t ha t need phys i c i ans, where phy si cians mi grate upon gradua tion, and wha t k ind s of t hings commun i tie s can do to a t tra c t doctors. I can' t he l p but t hink that t he v e r y pre s sing problems o f maldis tribution, and some wou ld s ay a ctual s hortage , o f nu rs e s also relat e s d irectly to h eal th pro fe s sions education i ssues -- and s p e c i f i c a l l y medical education. As a layman, I canno t und e r stand, no r do I s ympath ize or have pati enc e wi t h, t h e kinds o f "p r o f e s s i on a l snobbery" which s ep a r ate the health pro f e s sion s i n bo th �28 educat ional and c l in i ca l sett ings. For ex amp le , I do no t unders tand the relu c tance of the med ic al pro fe ssion and t he med i c al schoo l s - - to t a ke a more enli gh tened view toward rec ogn izing the unrea l ized po t en tia l o f nurses and o the r non-physic ian hea l th profe s si onal s in meet ing the he alth care needs i n th is coun t ry. I suspec t t he eli ti s m and s eparati on whi ch s t i l l charac te r iz e s t oo much o f physician e du c a t i on and care wi l l no t much l onge r be t o l e ra ted. Thi s would seem par t i cularl y t r u e as the publi c b e comes more and more awa re o f how such parochia l ism i s a f fectin g the' qua l ity, avai l ab i l i ty, and co s t o f c a r e i n their communi tie s. I nnova tive appr oa ches to encouraging ph y sic ian s , nurs e s, dentists, and other heal t h p rofe s sionals t o prac tice toge the r more e ff i c iently and e ff e c tively, includ ing the provision o f care in underserved a r e a s and t o unreache d clien tel e , must continue t o be s upported so that a ll people, whe ther t h ey be a f f luent o r po or , �and whethe r they live in the city or the country, have acc ess to quality health care. v Notice -- I s a i d quality health ca r e -- certa inly a persistent and basi c concern of all. In r e c en t years, not just i n t he prac tice of medicine, quality increasingly has come to b e defined i n terms of the ap pl ication o f high technology. We pride ourselves on making u se of t h e lat est e qu i pmen t , procedure s , and syst ems whethe r in medicine, the auto industry, or communica tions. I n the heal tn fi eld t h i s emphasi s on t e chnol ogy can con tribut e to a f a i l ure by the pro fes sion s to recognize t ha t actual prac tice as an i ndi c a t o r of qua lity f o r common h e a lth problems may be just as good or better in the small, modes tly equipped clinic as i n th e major medical center. Medical s choo ls have taken the lead i n app lying high technology t o practice (as well they should ) , but �30 they mu st not ru sh so f a r ahead that t hey f or ge t th e human dimen sion -- the patient' s perception of quality which often hinges on how the phy si cian trea ts the person, not just t h e medical problem. Despi t e sta tement s by individua l faculty members t h a t they r ecognize this pat ien t per ception of t he quali ty of care a s contra sted wi t h t he physician' s perception o f care, mo s t obs ervers are unabl e to not e much evidenc e of that r e cogn i t i on . I f you or I were to have a coronary today, our spouse would not walk into the ho spital and a s k , "What's the average length of stay? " ' Bu t that yards tick has be en t oo much a primary measure of "quali ty" in hosp i ta l r ev i ews . Ins t e ad , a loved on e i s likely t o ask, or s he in pa in? II Is he I s he being kep t comfor t abl e? I s s omeon e with him? May I se e him?" Phy sicians and ho spita l administra to rs tend not to worry enough about t hose humanl y critical gauges which are so si gnificant both t o the pat ient and t h e f ami l y , and to the pati en t' s ultima te recovery. �There i s a defi ni te need f or edu ca t o r s to giv e a s much con sideration t o the patien t's perspe ct ive on qu a l i t y in prac tice a s i t give s t o heal th s c i enc e and re s earch . Many r e s pecte d authorit ie s hav e l ong cal led f o r increased a t tention t o the humanit ie s and s oc i a l sc i ence s as a means f o r i n s tilling a conc e rn f or human e care i n t he budding physician, dent ist, nurs e , or pharmaci st. Severa l school s now do th is, bu t usually on an elective ba si s. J ust as concern for th e whol e human b eing i s important to qual ity i n th e pract i ce of hea lth care , s o t oo is conc ern fo r preven t ing i l lne s s r a ther than s o l e l y r espond i ng to it a fter t he fact. The re is a good deal o f t a lk about t he bene f it s o f jogging , c a r e f u l diet , de creased s moki ng , reduc t i on of stress , and s o on. Th e s e act ions, it is said, c an lowe r the r isk of heart a tt ack o r o ther health prob lems and i mprov e overall wel l-be ing. But , on e expert s ay s on e thing; �32 another s ays something el s e -- even the oppos ite. People think they wan t to take r espons ibi lity f o r their own heal t h, but don't know what t o believe and wha t to do. VI Who's mi nd i ng the s t or e as far as health promotion and d isea s e prevention are concerned? I s the r e an app r op r i ate emphasi s on preventive medic ine in h eal th profess ions school s today? No. My be st information i s : Pr ogr ams abound on preventing t h e common i n f ect i ou s dis eas es but if on e t h i nks o f 'preven tion i n t e r ms of heart diseas e, canc er, and similar serious concerns, it app ears that we aren't making much h eadway in medic al education. For examp le, I am t o l d that most department s of preventive medicine deal wi th communi ty health probl ems having t o do with the transmission o f di sease -- s ewer s y s t ems , infestations, and t he l i ke -- act ions t ha t �33 f oc u s b road l y on t he popu lation , rather t h an the i ndividual. For the mos t par t, I understand t hat phy sicians are i n f or me d abou t nu trit iona l r equirement s o f in f ancy ; f o r corre c t i on o f speci f ic d i se ases; and fo r prevent ion o f contagiou s dis ease from birth t o about age 15 . But educa t ional emphases on adu l t nu tri t i on and adu l t di sease preven t ion are weak a t be st. Our whol e h e a l th care s y stem , including pa tterns fo r reimbursemen t , needs rethi nking if we i n t end t o s tress hea l th main t enance a s well as t reatmen t of illness . VII Anothe r que st ion t he pub lic ha s begun to f i re a t t h e he a lth pro fe s s ion s with g reat i nten s i t y i s : why has the cost o f health c are ou tp a ced almos t everything e ls e ? You each know the answer; you each may have a di f ferent answer . Undoub t edl y , par t of t hi s increas e can be attribu ted to t he u s e o f s oph i s t i c a t e d , co s t ly �new t e chnology in d iagnost ic, therapeutic, and support ive heal th care. Another po r t i on must be attributed to the aggre s sive organ iz ations of pro fe s sion al ho s pi tal staf f and s uppo r t workers seeking improved wages and working conditions. Sti ll othe r cau se s are i nflation ' s e f fect s on the e n t i r e U. S . economy, and precaut ionary r e a c t i on s to the threat o f malpractice l i t i ga t i on . But the health care provider, and specifically the physic ian, is a caus e for part of the i nc r e as e d co s t of care. The i n it i a ti on of expens es t o be i ncur r e d i n hea lth care r e sts with the pliys ic ian. Some, i n a position t o know, claim too many pati ent s are being admit ted t o the hospital for the convenience o f the doctor. Though the physician canno t contro l the dai ly room co s t onc e the patien t is hospitalized, he or s he does have control over t h e number of x-rays, the numbe r and types o f diagnostic or surgical procedures, th e extent of rehabil itativ e measures orde red, t he amount of medications prescribed , and the l eng t h of st ay. �So what i s c a l l ed f o r ? Two t h i ngs , as sta rte r s . First, t h a t medical school s work cost awarene ss and containment into their cur r i culum s o phy sic ian s are pr epared t o ma ke car e ful , discrimina ting cho ice s among t he vari ous procedur al t ool s avail ab l e t o t hem. Th i s mean s learning t o weigh bene f i t s agains t cos ts , cos ts again s t personal convenienc e, and conveni ence against the p a t ient' s well-being. In t urn, the phy si cian mus t be convinced, and convinc i ng , t hat the s e a c t i on s wi l l provide good and appr opr i a t e car e t o peopl e. Second, t h at a l l health pro fessio nal s maintain t he h ighe s t p e r sonal s tandard s of s e l f - di s c i p l ine and co n sc i entiou s execu tion of their a ssi gned responsib ili tie s i n an a tmosph ere o f cooperation. The ph ysici an i s the key ca tal yst i n t he de livery o f a ppropri at e h e a l t h car e . There fore, he or she must b e educat ed and prepared to t a ke t he l ead in coope r a t i ve and co s t - ef f e ct i v e approache s to delivery o f heal th care . �36 Further, as I ment ioned earl i er, t he physician can he lp overcome t e r r i t or i a l posses siveness and "tur f r ivalri es" in the delivery o f quality care. The oppor- tunitie s today are becoming more plenti ful for teamwork which c an vast ly improve the effic i ency and qua l ity of care, and a l so contribute pos it i vel y t o co st con t a i nme n t . A legion of new health professional s ha s joined t he fi el d : phy sicians' assistant s, ge riatric nur s e prac- titioner s, physician speciali sts in n ew a r e a s , skilled nursing , and others. New practic e opportun ities exi st i n group pract ice, joint prac t ice, and varied team approache s i n de live ring health care. Medical educa tion s hou l d t a ke t h e lead in grooming studen ts to v iew their responsibili ty as care providers -coop era tively not t e r r i t or i a lly -- and f r om the patient's perspective on what qu ali ty care i s, no t simply t he profes sional s own preference s or conveniences . �37 An a t tempt t o se t up working model s f o r t e am practi ce experi ence a t the undergradua t e l ev e l mi gh t be premature be c au s e each studen t is ov e rwh e lmed with l e a r n i ng t h e bas i c knowledge and skill s o f th a t profe s sion. But t he e s t ab l i s hmen t o f good working mode l s, men t o r shi ps, and pract i c e ex pe r i en ce s in c oope r a tive care de l ivery i n cl ini cal educa tion would s e em wel l-advis ed. By then, t he s tuden t has mature d i n skills, se l f -conc ep t , and re ad i n ess ; can i n t e gr ate t h is t e am practice experi enc e; and can en ter pro f e s s ional pract ic e f r eed o f terri tor ial constrain t s and a t titudes. Su ch te am s ki ll s can a l so be re i n force d through care ful ly p lanned co ntinu ing educ a t i on programs. He a lth profe s siona l s a re a priv i l e ged gr oup , comp ens ated by society t o an ex t en t matched by few other pr ofe s s i ons or occupations. No on e denies t h at he al th pr o f es s iona l s h ave worked hard t o ente r thei r profes sion. However, we mu st a lso rem ember tha t whil e �38 the medical or nur s ing or denta l or ph armacy studen t pay s a high pri ce in t e r ms o f t i me , energy, and do l lars , t h e overal l e duc a t i on o f t he health pro fe s sional is heavi ly s ub s i di z ed by t he peop le o f t h i s country: bo th f r om publ i c s our c e s v i a t ax do l lars, and f rom pr ivate bene fac tor s. Es tima t e s on t h e f i n an ci a l cont ribu t ion of t he student t o his medi cal or dent al edu c at i on va r y f r om abou t f i v e perc en t t o 50 percent o f t he t o ta l co s t, depending upon whether t he s choo l at t ende d i s pu blic or priva t e , and whether t he experi ence doe s or do e s no t include a broad r ange o f p r a cti ce experi enc e s i n a l arge medi c al c ente r . Addi t ional ly, t he h ea lth profe s sional' s prima r y workplace - - t he hosp it a l -- is mo s t o fte n subs idi zed by the pu bli c t o a degr e e unma tched by any o ther pro fession. Thi s arrangemen t impl ie s an ob l i gat i on by the heal th pro f ession s to u s e that s ett ing in a judicious, respon s ibl e, equ i t ab l e manner f o r t he benefi t o f a l l peopl e , no t a s e l e c t f ew. �I t r emains t he phys ic ian' s r e s pons i b i l i t y t o pract ice t he i r agel e ss , rev ered and respe ct ed work in ways which wi l l assure t he pe r pe tua t i on o f s u ch re spec t . The same can be said about t he r espo nsib i l ity o f al l who choos e t he health pro f essions. VI I I In summary, le t me s uggest f ou r topics which f r om t h i s layman's pe rspe ct i v e would h ave pr iority in hea l th pro f es s ions educ a t i on re form. First, I would call f or a compr ehensive conc eptua l f r amewor k for health c a r e delivery a t al l l ev e l s p rimary, s e con da r y , and te rt iar y , i ncorpo r a t i ng a ma j or role f or the t e a ch i ng and r esearch ins t i t u ti ons . The most appropri ate and product ive r ole s f or al l he a l t h profe ss iona ls would be clari fi e d -- phys icians, denti s ts, nurs es , ph a r ma c i s t s , publi c he alth s pe c i al i s t s, the al l i ed hea l th f ie lds, administ r a t ors . Th e vi ta l contri- bu tions of t h e va r i ou s specialti es would b e f u l l y �uti l ized but would no t be pe r mi t t ed t o dis tor t t he syst em. Educ a t i on a l programs , both in broad terms and ~ in curricular detai l , would then be made con s i s ten t with society's goals and ne eds a s rep resent ed by t h is ov erall concept -- not a single national plan, but a broad sta temen t of purposes, principles, r e lat ionships, and roles. Second, empha s i s t h r oughout the educ at ional process would be related to th e u l t i mat e goa l -- a healthy population. The popul a tion would h ave h ea l t h care s e r v i ces ava ilable and readily ac c e s sible, 'compr ehen s i v e and con t i nuous in charac ter, o f appropriate quality, and wi th a tten t ion to co st and produc tiv ity. Empha s i s would be placed on he alth promotion/di seas e prevention for the individual and publi c health programs for the community. The educational proce ss, from its ph i l o s oph i c a l approach through tangible clinical experience s, would be pa t i en t - or i ent ed . �T h i r d ,t h ec u r r i c u l ao ft h e va riou sh e a l t hp r o f e ss i o n s wou ld b ed r am a t i c a l l yr e v i s e dt op r o v i d e fo rm ax im a l i n t e r a c t i o nam o ng f a c u l t yand st u d e n t si nb o t hc lass room and c l i n i c a ls e t t i n g s ,fo cu s edupon w ay s inwh i ch v a r i o us m emb e r so ft h eh e a l t hc a r et e amsho u l d wo rk t o g e t h e r . Ap a r to ft h i scu r r i c u la rr ev i ewp r o c e ss wou ld a l s oa d d r e s st h ei s s u eo f ~ tra in ing fo r sp e ci f i cr o l e s ,so t h a ti n d i v i d u a l sa r en e i t h e r u n d e r q u a li f i edn o ro v e r c r e d e n t i a l e df o rthe se rv ices theyp e r fo rm . Fi n a l l y ,alif elongp a f t e r no f lea rn ing-con tinu ing o f e s s i o n a le d u c a t i o n-w o ul dbe d e s i g n e d and im p lem en ted pr f o ra l lo ft h eh e a l t hp r o f e ss i o n s . Th e know l edg e expl o s i o nwh i ch cont i n u e stoa c c el e r a tei nt h eh e a l t h f ie l d sm and at e sth is. A st h i s concep t w a s re a l i z e d fu lly ,t h ep r e p r o f e ss i o n a land p r o f es s i o n a lc u r r i c u l a wou ld b e mo r e f i n e l yt u n e d ,r e c o g n i z i n gt h a teve ry th ing k n ow nn e ed n o t be squ e e z ed i n t oa f o u r ,s i x ,o re igh t �42 yea r f r amewor k bu t could b e addressed, systema tica lly, over a longer period as an individual pract i tioner 's goals and r e spons ib i lities change. Such continuing educat ion should be based on indiv idua liz ed profe s s ional ne ed s and measured in t e r ms o f per formance b ehavior, not simply units of lecture t i me b efo r e gol f or on a cruise s h i p . Perhap s th i s deve lopment -- a comprehens ive approach t o con tinuing profes siona l education -- offe r s t he gre atest promise for addressing our s oc i ety ' s health care concerns more effectively . My closing t hought would be a re t urn to my f i r s t ob serva tions: (1) whi le there is much in ou r he alth care system in t h i s coun t r y about which we can be proud and whil e i n fac t it is unequa l led in t h e world, improvement is po s sib le -- there are s hort comi ngs which need to be imagina tiv ely addre s sed; and (2) a s educators, you visib ly shape tomorrow. �In most area s o f human concern, "We know be t ter t h an we do.!t Cer tainly thi s is t r u e in your chosen fi eld o f concentration -- t h e educat ion o f professional s for h ealth c a r e . A great dea l more i s known abou t wha t good hea l th care could be - - and should be -- t h an i s generally put t o u se. The un ending challenge t o you , as educators, i s to move real i ty clo ser t o the vi sion o f tha t which ough t t o be. RGM-3, Job E WPC: 3/19/82 I wish you Godspeed. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1982-03-17_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech, A Layman's Perspective on Priorities for Health Professions Education Reform Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given March 17, 1982 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Health Professions Education Conference to discuss the changes in educational programs in the area of health. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan W. K. Kellogg Foundation Charities Speeches, addresses, etc. Health Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1982-03-17 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/1b790c892f2b3131c892b3db7bbdd168.pdf d4fd11f10581c8265f1dee9859fc15a5 PDF Text Text to p Remarks by Russell G. Mawby at The Detroit Area Grantmakers's monthly meeting, March 15, 1988 ~-~ .~?, ~ ~.~,...o.......-... ) (Xte-~ ,\ t ) �Y'/, \.) I , J {-.-- - • I I I ----J �1 . 2 . 3. 4. 5 . 6 . 7 . 8 . 9. Si t e must be representa tive of the lar ge r city a ) racially b) soc i ally c) economical l y d) r esidentially Si t e mus t be " in t he middle" a) not so devastated t hat r evi va l i s impossible b) not havi ng so ma ny a ssets tha t it co uld succeed wi thout assistan ce Site must already have identifiable leaders who a r e concerned ab out youth Si t e mus t have st r ong lead ership on the high school l evel Site must be sma l l en ough to be managea bl e , l a rge eno ugh to be s ignif ic ant , and a pl ace i n whi ch assi s t ance can make an impac t The si te must defi ne i t sel f a s a communi t y wi t h evident boundaries, wi th a high scho ol a s it "anchor" The si t e must be part of t he ce nt r a l core city The s i t e must demons t r a t e so me re latively new progress The s ite must be i n need of educa t i ona l hel p �w . TO : RGM : FROM J JO K . KELLOGG FOUND ATION M em o rdndum M a r ch11 , 1988 CT: In fo rm a t i on on K e ll o gg You t hIn i t ia ti v e sP rog rami n et o ~ SUB JE fo r yo u r Sp ee chtoth eD e tro it A r e aG r an tm ake r s ,Ma r c h 15 isin it i a ti v e .H e sa idth a t t h et e n ta tiv e I spok ew ithJKM about th cho ice o ft h eN o r t h e r nD is tr ic t is now u n c e r t a i n ,a tl e a s tunt i l th e con c ern s vo iced by H o w a rd S im sa tth el a s tBo ardm e e t ing can b e d re s sed (s e et h em a p on p ag e7 o f th ea t t a ch me n t ) . Howa r d ' sm ain ad st h a t th enum b e ro fs tuden t sinth eN o r t h er nse r v ice a reais conce rn i l l e r thant h a t in n e ighb o r i nga reas (se ec h a r ton p ag e8 ) ;h e m u chsma t h e r th a t th ep ro g ramserv em o re ch ild ren . Gi v en t h is w ou ldra t a i n ty ,J a ck f e e ls i t w ou ld b eb e s t if youd i d no tm en t i o n uncer sp e c ifi c so fl o c a t i o na tt h ist im e . Bo th JKM and CAG s t i l l f e e l N or t h ernist h eb e s ta re at ou s e ,w h ile How ar dp re f e rs ala rg e ra re a su c ha s M um ford. Insho r t ,w est i l l do no t hav e an a reaid en t i f i e d . t o ~ T he t h re eK e ll o gg Y ou thIn it i a t iv e sP rog r ams -in C a l h ou nC ount y , A lge rand Marqu e t t ecountie s , an da setio no f cen te rc it yD e tro i t sp r ang fromth ep e r ce p t iont h a t tod ay 's yo u t hface unp r e c ed en t e d cha l l e nge s , ch i e f amongth em t h e ch ang ingfam i l yst r u c t u r e ,w o rs en ing pover t y ,w e ak en ingso c ia l i n s t i t u t i o n s an din c re a s i ng po l a r iz a tiono f so c ie t y . Su ch condit i o n sa r em akingit i n c r e a s i ng l y di f fi c u l t fo r g r ow i n g num b e rs o f ou r you th t oleads t a b le and p roduc t i v eliv e s . Th e th ree KY IP sa r ebo ld exp e r im ent sto nu t u r et h es t r eng t h so f ta rg e ted itie s ,tos p a r k co l l a bo r a t iv ee f f o r t st om ee t head -o n t h eyout h commun c r i s isan dd ef e a t it . Th eg o a li st os t r e n g t h en p o s i t i v ee n v i r onm en t s in w h i ch yo u th candev el o pin t ot h eb es tp eopl eth eycanb e com e . Th e F ound at i o nr e cogn i z e sth at su ch ago a lw ill re q u i r esub s ta n tia l so u r c es , bo t hhum an and m a te r ia l, andis p l edg e dto p ro v i d e them . re T he F oundat i onrea l i z e s th a tsu ch a go a lc a nno tb ea c c om p li s h edina fewy ea rs , and is m e a s u r ingits comm itm en ti nde c ad es . T h e Found ation r e a li z e sth a tu ltim a t e su cces sw i l lr equ i r er e p l i c a ti o n , and fo re ,it h as cho s e nt h r e e comp l ete l yd iver s ecommunitie s: ru r a l ; th e re sm all town /ru ra l; andu r b an . S u c c e ssint h e s ed ive r g en ta r e n a sw ou ld prov eth a tcom p r eh ens i v e ,l o ng -te rm , co ll a bor a ti v epro g r am stoa ss is t you t h can b e su c c e s s f u l any wh e r ei nt h e na ti o n . C rite r ia u sedfo rs e le c t ioni nD e t ro it : �CURRENT G RAN T SIN DETRO IT AREA R epo r tc rea ted M a r ch 11 ,1 988 . - 87 /05 /01 89 /04 /30 $ 228,166 .00 UPFV0001BE C on s /D e tro it Y o u t h -NAB P ro v id e adv i c e and d i r e c t i o n in th eFound a ti o n ' s p rog r amm ing a r e ao fo p p o r t u n i t i e sf o ryou th, p a r ti c u l a r l ya si tr e l a t e sto th eD e t roi ta r e a 87 /07 /01 88 /06 /30 $5,500 .00 UPFL0001BK D e t r o i t Pub l i cS choo l sJKM Imp rov eth eq u a l i t yo f edu c a t ion a v a i l a b l eto D e t r o i t you th by invo lv inga l lp a r t i e sr e l a t e dto th es choo l sy s t em in ac o l l a b o r a t i v ep l ann ing , p rob l em so lv ing p r a c t i c e 87 /10 /01 /09 /30 88 $99 ,150 .00 UPFV0001AK, Joy o fJ e s u s , ~ P romo t e po si t i v ech a r ac t e rd ev e lopm en to fD e t roi t i n n e r c i t yyou th by b l end ingQu e s t's s k i l l s f o r l i v i n gc u r r icu luminto P ro jec t I Help You th p rog ram 86 /02 /01 86 /0 8131 $21 ,600 .00 UPFV0001BD W ayn e Coun ty P rob a t e Cou r . t JKM P rov id e an e ighbo rhood -b a s ed ,d e l inquency p rev en t ion p rog r am d e s ign ed too f f e r al t e rn a tiv e co rrec tion a lh e lp toD e t r o i t you th invo lv edin m i no ro f f ens es 87 /08 /01 89 /07131 $301 ,320 .00 UHMD0003G W a y n e S t a t e Un iv e r s i ty -TAB Imp rov eth eh e a l t ho fD e t r o i t ' sb l ackand imp rov e r i sh ede ld e r l yby d ev e lop ing mod e l n u t r i t i o n and~ p romo t ion e r v i c e s 87 /02 /01 90 /01 /31 $ 968 ,6 66 .00 UHGD0001P D e t r o i t Ex e cu t iv eS e rv i c e Co rp s -RHH Imp rov ep e o p l e ' sa c c e s s toq u a l i t yh e a l t hc a re by u singr e t i r e dex e cu t iv e s toh e lp sh ap e th e d e l i v e r yo fc o s t e f f e c t i v es e r v i c e s 87 /04 /01 9 0 /03131 $270 ,794 .00 UPH J 0 0 0 1L G r e a t e rD e t r o i tA r e a H e a l th Coun c i l -RAD Pub l i sh a s e r i e so fr e p o r t stoexp l a in toand p romo t e th ep a r t i c i p a t i o no f bu s in e s s ,l a b o r , gov e rnm en t , and h e a l t hc a r el e a d e r sin a mod e l r J -g ion a lh e a l t hc a r ec o a l i t i o n 85 /1 0 /01 /31 87 /03 $32 ,000. 00 UHCB0001A W a y n e C o u n t y -HMT R edu c ei n f a n tm o rt a lityandmo rb idi t yby imp rov ing a c c e s st or e n a ta l an la r l c a r e fo rb l a ck u rb an low in com ewom en &t h e i rc h i l d r e n by r emov ingt r a n s p o r t a t i o nb a r r i e r s 87 /11 /01 90 /10 /31 $889,1 52 .00 UHMD0001V W ayn e S t a t e Un iv e r s i ty -TAB Imp l em en ta h ea l e r v i c ef o rp a t i e n t s t h a temph a s i z es phy s ic i an invo lv em en tinr i s k r edu c t i o n 82 /07 /01 86 /06 /30 $761 ,126 .00 ARTS I'<ta....... a . -~ ~ 87 /09 /01 88 /08 /31 $57 ,010.00 UPFV0001AV ~ e A id_So c i e tyJKM M in im iz e i ni t i a lp l a c em en to f som en eg l e c t ed , abu s ed ,o rt roub l edc h i l d r e ni n t of o s t e rc a r e ; f a c i l i t a t ee a r l yr e t u r ntohom e th roughf am i ly sup po r ts e r v i c e s ---- UPH J 0 0 0 1K ------ - " - - ' - ~ A r t s Found a t ion o fM i ch ig an-OM P romot eth ea r t sin o u t s t a t eM i ch ig an �UPFV0001RA D e t r o i tS ymphonyO r ch e s t r a -PDM e rs t and ingo f th ev a r i ou sa r tfo rm s P romo t ea n und a n dp rov id e qu a li t ya r texp e r i en c e s amon g M i chig an you th 86 /10 /01 89 /09 /30 $345 ,000 .00 UPFV0001RG Ro ad s id eA t t r a c ti o n s ,In c . -PDM P romo t ea n und e r s t and ing o f th ev a r iousa r tfo rm s a n dp rov id eq u a l i t ya r texp e r i en c e s among M i ch ig an you th 86 /10 /01 89 /09 /30 $112 ,200 .00 UPFV0001RK Found e r s So c i e ty D e t roi tI n s t i t u t eo fA r ts PDM P romo t ea n und e rs t and ingo f th ev a r i ou s ar t fo rm s a n dp rov id e qu a li t ya r texp e r i en c es amongM i ch igan you th 87 /09 /01 90 /0 8 /31 ,500 .00 $322 UPFV0001RM Mi ch ig anOp e r a Th e a t r e -PDM P romo t ea n und e r s t and ing o f th ev a rio u sa rt fo rm s eq u a l i t ya r texp e r i enc es amongM i ch ig an a n dp rovid you th 0 /01 86 /1 3 0 89 /09/ $172 ,500.00 Commun ityF o ~ , ~ e ~ M i ch ig an -PRE A s s i s t th e e t r or r e t iQ ii:G !V E Sr ?g r amto e ~e g iv ing a n dv ~ r l -Coun ty D e t r o l t a r e a 88 /01 /01 89 /12 /31 $20 ,000 .00 V id au r r i M /H en r¥ Fo rd Ho sp i t a1 -LRM W i d e n te n a t i o n ' s poo lo fc ap ab l el e a d e r s by en ab1 in u ts tand in gAme r i c an stob ro ad enthe i r k n ow le dg e~ t te t i s s u e s& to im p rov e th e i re e ~ s k i l l s -G r o u pV I I 86 /08 /01 8 9 /07131 $54 ,000 .00 UPM J0001B D e t r o i tP u b li cL ib r a ry -AEE s e r sa c c e s sl i b r a r yc o l l e c t i o n sby H e l p u d ev e lopinga s i n g l e ,i n t e r a c t i v ecompu t e r i z ed d a t ab a se o fa l l ho lding sinM i ch ig an r e s e a r ch 1 ib r a r ie s 87 /09 /01 89 / 0 8 /31 $445 ,275 .00 UPM J 0 0 0 1E W a y n e S t a teUn iv e rs ity -AEE H e l p u s e r sa c c e s sl i b r a r yc o l l e c t i o n s by d ev e lop ing asi n g l e ,i n t e r a c t i v ecompu t e ri z ed d a t ab a s eo fa l l ho ld ing s inM i ch ig an r e s e a r ch l i b r a r i e s 87 /09 /01 89 /0 8 /31 $790 ,500 .00 PH ILANTHROPY UPMM0001E LEADERSH IP UKCA0007W L IBRAR IES 0215n 3 /11 /88 -wp c 2 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1988-03-15_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech at the Detroit Area Grantmaker's Monthly Meeting Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given March 15, 1988 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Detroit Area Grantmaker's monthly meeting. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan W. K. Kellogg Foundation Charities Speeches, addresses, etc. Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1988-03-15 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b8cd56d73ab592a155dff4d3a252dad2.pdf f0d25ba9ddbadd8dfa2149369587d6d7 PDF Text Text �- - --- - -- -"'----~~-r· -_. _- - -- - - - - . -- - ~- - -- -- - - -_ - - _ .-- - -_ . _ - _ ._-- _ - - - ----- -- -_._--_. _ . - .'- -_ . .. _- -----_ ._------ - --------- ._- - - - ---_. . .• .. . _----.. -- - -._ . .. .. _ . _ ~- - -- - _ .. _ .. _._- -_._--_._- ._--_. . . __..__. ._ . _.- -' . -._- - - . . _.. ..- -- - --- .... _ ._._- - -.- - -- . . - - '._- _._-- - _.- . ~- ". - .. ..• . - ' -. - -- _.- - _ . _- - - - .. __ . ._ - - ---- - _ . ~. --- - ..._ _ ._-- - -_ ._-- - .. - - --- - _...---- _ .- -.- . . .. __ _. - - - � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1977-03-15_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech, We Don't Want More of the Same Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given March 15, 1977 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation to discuss changes in educational programs to reflect the changes in agriculture. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan W. K. Kellogg Foundation Charities Speeches, addresses, etc. Education Agriculture Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1977-03-15 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/faa0273c86144b6e1085f850ac8be0ef.pdf 54431a75e63f2b565c983d702eda61b0 PDF Text Text "THE FOUlm ATIO N GIV ER'S POINT OF VIEW' Rus s ell G. Mawb y , P res i d e n t W. K. Ke l l ogg Found a t ion at Andrews Univ er slty Mar ch 14, 1979 1 am d el i ght ed to be wi t h yo u t hi s after n oo n . 1 app reci a te th e c ommer c i al f o r c o r n f l a ke s i n th e i n tr o duc t i o n -- " Th e best to yo u each mor n i ng , " a n d i f y ou r e ally wan t t o b e he l pf u l , t h e mar g i n s are a little bett er on Ra is i n Bran. I am ,d elighted to be h er e for seve r a l reasons. As Dr. Lall indicated, I a m just a n old farm boy a n d i t is goo d to get out in t o we s ter n Michigan. I grew up on a f ru i t far m a lit t l e n o rth o f h ere s o 1 we l come t h e c ha n c e t o ge t o u t o f th e o f f ice a nd come he re ac ross th e b ack road s to s e e i f th e s e f ell ows are ge t t i ng th eir spr i ng work do ne . Be rr ien Springs a nd Be r r i e n Coun ty represent fami l iar t e rrit ory to me , may~e some of yo u who have come f rom dis t a nt points. I more s o than to St a t e 4-1I CJub Le ad er \,~' s in Mi chig an for a numb er of yea r s a nd came often to t h e Ber r i e n County Youth Fair. Now I am still a f armer liv i n g on 2 s mall f arm ~ e 2r Hi c kory Cor n er s a nd o c c a s i onally 1 brin g one of my Ar a b i a n ho rses d o wn to a ho rse s h ow h er e. Be t t y Mc Guir e who i s coming up n e xt o n thi s pr o g r a m is an o ld f r iend . Dur i n g th e b re ak b etwe en sessions, Betty aske d me about cwo me mb e r s of t he Ma wb y family n amed Yankee and Dood Le . Yankee and Dood l e are a pair of oxen t h at I tr a ine d for the Ameri c an Bi c e n t enni al in 1976. I t Lou gh t a n old form b o y ough t t o do some th ing d i f f er ent, at l e a st every 200 y pa r s , s o I tr ained Yankee a nd Do od le a s a pa i r of o ~ en to d r ive . We 've don 2 a l l to g e ther, including go ing to Washing to n , D .C . fo r t he Hap py Parade. I s u spec t I am th e on ly living Amer ican \·)1 10 so ~ ts of Bi ~thday th ~ n 8 s U. S . A. h as d r t v en a p a ir of �2 ox en down C o n s t i t u t i o n Av enue f r om t h eC ap i f : :o lt ot h eL inc o l nH emo r ia l . Y ank e e and Dood le w e r e i n v i t e da c o u p l eo fy e a rs ago t ot h eB e r r i e nCoun ty F a i r and t h e yi n v i t ed m et ocom ea l o n g . H eh ad a n i c ev i s i th e re t h e n . So i t ' sgood t ob eh e r ei nB e r r i e nS p r i ng sa tAnd r ew s U n i v e r s i ty . O f c o u r s e ,r e f e r e n c e h a sa ~eady b e en m ad e t ot h er e l a t i o n s h i po ft h eK e l l o gg f am i l yw i t h t h e A d v e n t i s t Chu r ch . a son e who s e Tha ti sa l o n gr e l a t i o n 3 h i pand a s i g n i f i c a n to n e . F i na l l y , aree~ h a sb e en i ne d u c a t i o n ,i t ' s a lw ay sa p l e a s u r eand an i n s p i r a t i o nt ob ew i t h su cha s you . So ,f o rm any r e a s o n s ,t h a n k sf o rt h e p r i v i l eg eo fb e i n gw i t h you t h i sa f t e r n o o n . H e ' l ln o t go i n t ot h eK e llogg f am i l yt r e e . JohnH a rv ey K e l l o gg h a s a l r e a d yb e en r e f e r r e dt o . W . K . K e l l o g g and JohnH a rv ey K e l l o gg w e r . eb r o t h e r s . Som eone m ad er e f e ren ce e a rl i e rt h i s af t e r n o on t oa g ran to f$ 10 m illion m a de t oNo r thw e s t e r nUni .va rs ity y e ste rday . AK e l l ogg g ra n t .. b u tn o tt h eH . K . K e l l ogg Found& t ion . Th a tg r a n tw a s f romt h e JohnL . and H e l en Ke l l o g g Founda t i o n . JohnL . K e l l o gg , a so no fW . K . , w a s a Ch i cago b u s i nessm an . H i sw idow , M r s . H8 1 en] ( e llogg, ~ ssed aw ay abou t ay e ar agoand he re s t a t e i snowb e i n gd i s t r ib u t e d by t h 8t r u s t e e so fh e r foun d a t i o n . Th e to p i c ass i gned t om e is "T h e Founda t i o nG iv er' s P o i n to f V iew . " I s u s p e c tt h es u b t i t l ei s :How t og e t mon ey o u to f a fo u n d a t i o n. . . 1t h i n kt h a t ' s wh a t you a re r e a l l yc o n c e r n ed abo u t . W e ' l l b e Lnfo rrnaL a s you can t e l l .I ' l l m ak e som eo p e n i ng comm e n t s and t h e nw i l lc o n s i d e r you r sp e c i f i cq u e s ti o n s . 1 hope you w i l l be a sd i r e c ti n you r ques t i on s as you knowhow t ob e . G iv ing i san Ame r i c a nt r a d i t i o n, I t ' sp a r to fo u r Am e ric a nw ay o f lif e , p e r h ap s mo r e h i g h l yd ev e loped i no u r so c i e t yt h a ninany o t h e t . L . f f i c rlc au s g i v e o fo u rt im e , OU i t a l e n t ,o u r money fo ra ll s o r t so fp u r p o ses , inou r Lo cal , corn mun lt y , i ncu r country a r .d Ln OU I v rorL d. �3 Ap r i v a t ef o u u d a t i o ni ss im p l ya p a r to ft h a ttrad ition. F o u n d a t i o n s s im p l yr e p r e s e n ta l e g a lm e c h a n i sm by w h i c h p e o p l eo fs u b s t a n t i a lm e an s c a n d i r e c tt h e i rr e s o u r c e si na s y s t em a t i cw ay t op h i l a n t h r o p i cp u r p o s e s . S o t h ep r i v a t ef o u n d a t i o ni ss~m y a ne x t e n s i o n ,a n o t h e rr am i f i c a t i o no ft h e Am e r i c a n t r a d i t i o no fg i v i n g . I ' l l n o tg oi n t oa g r e a t am o u n to ff o rm a ld e t a i l . It h i n kyou kuow a l o ta b o u tf o u n d a t i o n s . I ' l l s im p l yi d e n t i f yv e r yq u i c k l yf o u rk i n d so f f o u n d a t i o n st h a tyou s h o u l dh a v ei nm i n d . t h eT ax ~ orm F i r s ti sw h a t i sc a l l e du n d e r A c to f 1969 a commun i ty f o u n d a t i o n . A commun i ty f o u n d a t i o n i se x a c t l yt h a t . . . i t i sa f o u n d a t i o ne s t a b l i s h ed i na c o o r u u n i t ya sa m e c h a n i sm b yw h i c h p e o p l ec a nd i r e c tt h e i rr e s o u r c e st op u b l i cp u r p o s e s ,f o rp u b l i c b e n e f i t . A n ex am p l e wou ld b et h eG r e a t e r K& lama z o oF o u n d a t i o n . I n d i v i d u a l s c a ng ive f o rt h eg e n e r a lp u r p oses o f a commun i ty f o u n d a t i o n ,o rt h e yca ng ive f o ra s p e c i f i cp u r p o s e . You c a n" e a rm a r k "y o u rg ift an ds a y" Iwa n tt h i st o b ea s c h o l a r s h i pf o rs t u d e n t sf r oms u c ha b a c k g r o u n d ,f r oms u c ha na r e ao f i n t e r e s t , "o r" Iw a n t t h ep r o c e e d sf r omm y c o n t r i b u t i o nt ob eu s e df o rt h e f u r t h e r a n c eo ft h ep e r f o r m ing a r t s "o rw h a t e v e r i t m ay b e . C omm u n i t y fo u n d a t i o n sa r ev e r yb r o a di np u r p ose ,b u tu s u a l l ya r es p e c i f i ct ot h ec o mmun i ty o f w h i c h t h e ya r ea p a r t . T h3 t ' su s u u l l ya f a i r l ywe l ld e f i n e dg eog r a p h i c area. Som e t im e si t ' s ac i t yo ra c o u n t y ,s om e t im e sa r e g i o no fa s t a t e ,b u tu s u a l l y ap r e s c r i b e da r e a . Y o u w a n t t orem emb e r commun i ty f o u n d a t i o n sa sa v e r y good s o u r c ef o ra c t i v i t i e si ne d u c ati o n, huma ns e r v ic e s, hea l t h ,w hateve r. Th e se c o n d ki n do f f o und a t i o ni st h ec o r p o r a t ef o u n d a t i o n . Th i s is s im p l y t h eg i v i n ga rm o fa f o r p r o f i tbus i n e s se n t e r p r i s e . E x amp les a r e th eS ea r s F o u n d a t i o n ,t h eExxon F o u n d a t i o n ,t h eF o r dH o t o r C o r n p auy " F und ( a sd i s t i n c t f r omt h eF o r d Founda t i o n ) . A ga i n ,t h e ya r ea w ay i nw h i c h af o r p r o f i t �4 b us i n e s sc a n di r ec tsom eo f i t sreso u r c e s to pub lic b e n efit. T h e yve r yo f t e n ha v ec e r t a i nki n d so fp r og ram sf o rw h i c h t h ey p r o v i d e suppo rt a n d veL yo f t e n , a l t h o u g hn o t alw a ys, t h e i rreso u r ces a r ea v a i l ab l e in c ommun iti e s~yh ere t h e y may h a v ep la n t so r m a jo r ope r a t i ons . T h i r d ,w e 'll ta l kabou t pr i v ate g rant -m a k i n g founda t i o ns . T hese ar e f o u n d a t i o n s est a b lished us u a l l yb yi n d i v i d u a l s ,wi t ht h er e sou rces d i r e cted t og r a n t -m a k i n gp u r p o s e s . I ' l l g ene ra lize and s u gges tt h a tt h e r ea r etwo k i n d so f gr a n t-m ak ingf o u n d a t i o ns . F irst a r e th e sm a ll faQ i ly f o u n d a t i o ns. T he s ea r eus u a l l yr e lativ el ysm a l l ,a ltho u gh to an o l d farm boy w h e n you g et a n y t h i n gwL tha h al fa m i l li o no ra m illion doL l .ars, th a tseem sp r ett yla r g e . ft h ese fam i l y f o u n d a t i o n sar ee v e n la r ge rt h a nt h a t . E sse n t i a ll yt h e y S om eo r e p r e s e n ta w ay b yw h i c h a fam i ly c a nd i r e c ti t sreso u r c e st oph i l a n t h r o pic p u r p ose s . Us u a l lyf a m il ym emb er sar emu c h invo lved i nthe op2 r a t i o no ft h e f o u n d a t i o n ,w ith no p r ofess i ona lst a f fm emb er s . T h i sk i n do f fo und ati o n m ay b eo p e ra t ed d i r ec t l yby t h ef am ily, by a l a w y e r, o rb y a tr u s tof f i c e rat a b a n k ,b u t th ef am ilyu s u a l ly i sin volved i nthed ec is i o n si n v o l ved 1 .1 t h eg r a nts . V e ry o f t e nt h egr a n t sa r e di r e c t ed t ot h ear e a sof i n t er e s to f th e fa w il y m emb e rs e d u cati o n ,t h e ar t s , he a l t hs e rv i c e s ,e n v i r o nm ent a l iss u e s , or w h a t e ve r . I fw e l o o ka tthenum be r o ff o u nda t i ons i nth i scou ntr y ,t h is c a t e g o r yre p r e se n t st h el a r ges tnum be r. n o tt h e la r ges ts o u rce. I fyou totaL up t h ereso u rces ,t h e ya r e B u t in te rm so fc omm unit ylifeand m ak ing a d i f fe re n c e i nt h e li v e so f peo p l e and i nt h ea ctiv i t i e so fa s p e c ifi ci n s t i t u t i o no r or g a n i za t i o n ,f am il yfoundat i ons a r eo f gr e at sig n if i c a n c e . S oy ou' l l w an t t ob e come fam il i a rw i t h the f am i l yf o u n d i l t ions inyou rp a r to ft h ew or l d. F i na l l y , th e r ea r ethose p rLvata f o u n d a ti o ns w hi c h \1C c a l l Larg c, g en er a lp ur p o s ef o und3ti o n s. T hese ar eth e o~nda t ions o ft h e a~ s reso u rces : �5 43 h a v ea s s e t so f$ 100 m i l l i o no rm o r e . U s u a l l y t h e yh a v ea p r o f e s s i o n a l s t a f f ,a l t h o u g ht h a tv a r i e sf r omo n eo r twop e o p l et oa a~ e n um b e r . T h e i r p u r p o s e sa r emo r e g e n e r a l ,b u tm ay b ec l e a r l ys p e c i f i e da n di nm o s t i n s t a n c e s t h ed o n o ra n dt h ed o n o r ' sf am i l ya r en o t im p o r t a n ti nt h ed a y b y d a yo p e r a t i o n s o ft h ef o u n d a t i o n . I nmy comm en t sa n di na n sw e r i n gy o u rq u e s t i o r , s ,I ' l l t r yt oa n sw e r a c c u r a t e l ya c r o s st h es p e c t r umo ff o u n d a t i o nt y p e s . T h e r ea r ea b o u t2 2 ,000 f o u n d a t i o n si nt h ec o u n t r y ,m o s t o fw hi c ha r esm a l l ,l o c a l l yo r i e n t e d ,f am i l y r e l a t e df o u n d a t i o n s . T h u s , i t i sim pos s i b l et og e n e r a l i z ef o ra l lf o u n d a t i o n s , b u tI ' l l t r yt ob es p e c i f i ca n dh e l p f u l . Th eW . K . K e l l o g gF o u n d& t i o ni sa l a r g e ,g e n e r a l p u r p o s ef o u n d a t i o n e s t a b l i she d alm ost 50 y e a r sa g ob yW . K . K e l l o g g . t h eK e l l o g g Comp any , t h ere a d y to e~t M r . K e l i o g g e s t a b l i s h e d ce r e a lm a n u f a c t u r eL , b a c ki n1 906 . He v e r ye a r l yd e t e rm i n e dt h a tw h a t e v e rw eaL t .h h ea c c um u l a t e dw o u l d som ehow b e d i r e c t e dt ohum an b e n e f i t . So h i sf o r t u n ew e n t i n t ot h eK e l l o g g F o u n d a t i o n w h i c hh ee s t a b l i s h e di n1 930 when h ew a s 7 0y e a r so l d . H e l i v e dt ob e9 1 and e v e nt ot h el a s tw e e k s o fh is l i f e wa ss t i l lactive i nt h ea f f a i r so ft h e F o u n d a t i o n . E a c hf o u n d a t i o n ,o fc o u r s e ,h a si t si n d i v i d u a lc h a r a c t e r , of t e nre f l e c t i n g t h ew i s h e s o ft h ef o u n d e rand g row i n go u to fa c t i v i t i e sand t r a d i t i o n so v e ra p e r i o do ft i r n 2 . So t h ef i r s tt h i n gy o u ' l l' . r an tt odo a sy o ut h i n ko ff o u n d a t i o n sa sa s o u r c eo fs u p p o r tf o rsom eo fy o u r i mpo r t a n ti n t e r e s t si st odo y o u r hom ewo rk. I nle a r ni n ga b o u tf o u n d a t i o n s ,t h ere are l o t so fs o u r c e so f i n f o rm a t iG n . The best s i n g l e sou rce i st h eFoundat i o nC e n t e r 2nd i t ss i x t h e d i t i o no f The Foundati o nD i rect o r y . Th eU .S . di r e c t o r yl i s t sf o u n d c r i o n s a b o v ea c e r t a i nsize and g i v e se s s e n t i a li n f o rm atio ns u c ha st h e i ra d d r e s s , �6 p u r p o s e ,a c t i v i t i e s ,f i n a n c i a ld a t a , and g r a n ta p p l i c a t i o np r oc e d u r e s . T h i s i so n es o u r c eb o o kt h a tyou w i l lw a n t t ob e aw a r eo f a n dp r o ba b l ya l r e a d y h a v em em o r i z e d . Th eF o u n d a t i o nC e n t e r ha sh ea d q u a r t e r si nN ew Yo rk C i t ya n dam a j o r o f f i c ei nW a sh ing t o n ,D .C . w h e r e t h e yh a v eg r e a tc o l l e c t i o n so fa n n u a lr e p o r t s and o t h e ri n f o r ma t i o nr e g a r d i n g foundations. Th eF o u n d a t i o nC e n t e ra l s op r o v i d e s on a f e eb a s i ss p e c i a l i z e di n f o rm a t i o na s s i s t a n c e . F o re a~ e, t h e y c a nt e l lyou a l lt h ef o u n d a t i o n st h a th a v eb e e na c t i v ei nr e l a t i o nt oo n e p r o b l emo ra n o t h e r ,u s i n g certa in k2y w o r d s . Th ey a l s om a i n t a i n r e g i o n a l c o l l e c t i o n sa tl iL r a r i e sa l laround t h ec o u n t r yf o rt h ec o n v e n i e n c eo fu s e r s . S e c o n d , som es t a t e sn ow h a v eo r g a n i z a t i o n s of f o u n d a t i o n s . h~ M i c h i g a n F o u n d a t i o nD i r e c t o r yp u to u tj o i n t l yb yt h eC o u n c i lo fM i c h i g a n Founda t i o n s and t h eM ic h i g a nL e ag u eo fH um an S e rv i ce si smo r e d e t a i l ed and in c l u des a l o t o ff o u n d a t i o n si nM i c h i g a n t h a ta r en o t tn t h en a t i o n a ld i r e c t o r y . Y o u m ig h t f i n do u ti fyou rs t a t eh a sa d i r ec t o r y . Th et h i r di n f o rm a t i o nso u r c ew o u l db ef o u n d a t i o na n n u a lr e p o r t s . o nda~ions a r er e q u i r e dt op u b l i s h an annu al re p o r tand ma k ei t ava ilabl eg ener a lly. Th e f o rm a tand d i s t r i b u t i o nv a r i e so fc o u r s e . Suc hr e p o r t sa r ea good sou rc eo f i n f o rm a t i o nbe c a u s em o s t i n c l ude in or~atio n abou t gu ide lines t op r ogr a ma i d a n dt h ep r o ce d u r ef o rs u bm i t t i n ga na p p l i c a t i o n . Th ey a l s ot e l lyou t h ea r e a s o fi n t e r e s tof t h ef o u n d a t i on at t h i sp o i n to f t i me . M any f o u n da t i o n sa lso p u to u ta s .n aL l .e r gene ra l i n fo rm at i o nb r o c h u re b r i e f l yd e scr i b i n gc u r r e n t p r o g r am p r i o r i t i es a n da rea so f int e rest. C a r e f u ls t u d yw i l ls a v eyou a l o to fw o r ka s you b e g i nt oma k e app roaches. I fyou study t h eW . K . Ke l l ogg Founda t i o n , fo re .campL e, you w ill IC::3yn that ' i e do n o t su p p o rt re s e ar c h . Ou r p r e o c c u p a t i o ni sw it ht h ea p pl i c a t i o no f no ~d e, �7 o r know l edg eu t i l i z a t i o n . I ti so u rf e e l i n gt h a t" i nmo s t a r e a so f hum an c o n c e r n ,w e know b e t t e rt h a nw e do " sow ea r econ c e rn edw i t he f f o r t st om o b i l i z e know l edg er e s o u r c e si nn ew and d i f f e r e n tw ay s t od e a lw i t h hum an c o n c e r n s . Som e wou ld a r g u et h a ts u c he x p e r im e n t a lp rog r am sa r er e a l l ya p p l i e dr e s e a r c ho r a c t i o nr e s e a r c h . We d o n ' ta r g u e ,b u t~,e do emph a s i z et h a ti no r d e rf o ru st o b ei n t e r e s t e dt h e r eh a st ob e an a c t i o ncompon en t. . . d o n ' tj u s ts t u d yt h ep rob l em ; b ep r e p a r e dt odo som e th inga b o u t an i s s u e ,d e a lw i t h ap r o b lemb a s e d upon know l edg ea v a i l a b l e . A s you s t u d yf u r t h e r ,y o u ' l ll e a r nt h a tt h eK e l logg F o u n d a t i o ni si n t e r e s t e di nt h r e eb ro ad p rog r am a r e a s h e a l t h ,e d u c a t i o n ,a g r i c u l t u r e . Th e s ea r e a l lv e r y en comp a s s ing . H e a l t hi sv e r yb r o a d l yd e f i n e d by t h eK e l l ogg F o u n d a t i o n . We i n c l u d ea l lo ft h eh e a l t hp r o f e s s i o n s . M any f o u n d a t i o n s ,a s you a r e aw a r e , r e g a r dh e a l t :h a s synonymou sw i t hm e d i c i n e . We on t h eo t h e rh and h av eb e en i n - v o l v e dn o to n l yw i t h t h em ed ic a lp r o f e s s i o n ,b u ta l s ow i t h de n t i s t r y ,n u r s i n g , h o s p i t a land h e a l t hs e r v i c ea dm i n i s t r a t i o nand a l lo ft h ea l l i e dhe a l t hp r o f e s s i o n sf o r mo r e t h a nf o r t yy e a r s . W e ' r e c o n c e r n e dp a r t i c u l a r l yw i t hh e a l t hc a r e d e l i v e r yi nr e l a t i o nt ohum an w e l lb e i n g . And W8 a r ea l s o con c e rn edw i t h h e a l t hp romo t ion and d i s e a s ep r e v e n t i o n ,a sa r eyou . I nE d u c a t i o nt h eK e l l o gg F o u n d a t i o na g a i nd e f i n e se d u c a t i o nb r o a d l y f o rm a l and i n f o rm a l ,p u b l i c ,p r i v a t e ;d e g r e e , nonde? , r e e ;l i f e l o n gl e a r n i n g . D r . L a l l m en t ioned t h er e s i d e n t i a lco n t i h u i n g ed u c a t i o nc e n t e r sw h ich w e hav e as s isted and p r .og ram s wh i ch ~e e t t h en o t i o nt h a tl e a r n i n gi sa l i f e l o n 8p r .o ce s sf o r e a ch o fu s . I nA g r i c u l t u r e,o u r em ph as is i son two p o i n t s . Th e f i r s ti sfood s u p p l y , n o t onLy i nt h eLnte rn a tLonuL o rwo rLd c o rm n u nIty, b u t also a thorn e . \ -Te a r e p e r haps th eo n l ym a jo r founda t i o nt h a tm ak e sg ra n t si nagrL cu l . tu re Lu t h e �8 United States. Most of the others limit their support of agriculture to countries overseas. The other aspect of our concern in agriculture is what we call the quality of rural life---quality of health care, education, social services, cultural opportunities, etc., etc., in rural communities, and for rural people. Geographically, the Kello gg Foundation provid es assistance in No r t h and South America, Europe, and Australia. Thus, some parts of the world are not at this time within the geographic framework established by our board of trustees. It is important to do such homework because it will save your time, most importantly and of course, from our standpoint, the giver's time as well. We are appreciative when the requests which come to us are consistent with our general frame of reference. Most foundations don't respond well to a "laundry list" of by mail or in person. Every once in a while a well-intentioned director of development wi Ll. come in and in effect say, "Well, here I am. 'buying' today? needs, either We neec a n ew gymn a s i u m. " What is Kellog g "No, we don't build buildings." "Ah well, then we need some n ew additi ons to our library holdings ... or funds for some research work ia chemistry." We know that every colle g e and univ ersity, every hospital, every organiz nti on ha s a lot of different needs, but that approach usually is not well received by most foundations. generalizations get difficult. Now, here is where For instance, s ome family found ations may respond v ery readil y to a broad, g eneral app r oa ch of that so r t , e sp c c LoLl.y if it's from an institution th ey like. So you h ave to use your g o o d jud gment. But in general, it's best to identify something which is of priority concern to your organiza tion or institution so t h a t you can communicate a sense of n eed, of urgency, of importance. If you r request is simply for an additio n to a �9 s c h o l a r s h i pendow rn ent, t h a t ' sa d i f f e r e n tquesti o n, bu t i fyou a r e go i ng a f t e r m a j o r f u n d i n g , som ei n d i ca t i o no fr e a lp rio rity i sim p o r ta n t . F i n a l l y ,I ' l l c l o s ew i t h how you ge tinc o n t a c t . Ob vi o u s l y ,t h e r ea r ea v a r i e t yo fw ays . On e is t oj u s tc a l l . F o u n d a t i o n sv a r yi nt h e i rb u r e a u c r a c y a n dr e d t a p e ,b u ti fyou c a l lme ,y o u ' l lg e tm e . Mo s t f o u n d a t i o n sw o u l db e p r e p a r e dt or e s p o n dt oa t e l e p h o n ei n q u i r ya n dt od i r e c tyou t ot h eperson i g h t b ei ny o u rp a r t i c u l a ra r e ao fi n t e r e s t . A t K e l l ogg ,i fi e ' sr e l a t e d w h o m t ohe a l t hse r v i c e sand h o s p i t a lp r o g r am s ,w e ' d r e f e ryou t oB ob D eV r i e s i fh e ' s i n . I fi t ' s s o m e t h i n g inn u r s i n g ,w e ' d t r yt oh a v e you t a l kw i t hM i s s L e e ; i fi t ' si ne d u c a t i o n ,i t w o u l d b eD r . E lse r a tD r . E l l i s . I fy o u ca l l ,y o u ' l l u s u a l l yg e ta r e s p o n s e . O r j u s tw r i t e ab r i e fo u t l i n eo f you r p r o p os i t i o n . Founda t i o n sgen era lly do n o tr e q u i r et h ev o l um eo f" st u f f "t h a tf e d e r a lf u n d i n gag e n c i e s sccmt on e e d . W e a p p r e c i a t ea mo r e co n c i s eap proa c h. Wh a t d o e st h eK e l l ogg Foundation l o o kf o r ? F i r s t ,w ha t ' st h ep r o b l em , w h a t ' s t h ei s s u e ,w hy i si t impo L t a n tt op e op le? T he K e l l o gg F o u n d at i o ni s n ' t c o n ce r n e da ta l la b o u tc o l l e g e s ;w e c o u l d n ' tc a r e le s sa b o u th o s p i t a l s ;w e ' re c o n c e r n e da b o u tp e o p l e . C o l leg8 s and h o s p i t a l sa n do t h e ri n s t i t u t i o n sa r eo n l y a m ea n st oa ne n d . W e ' r e n o tc o n c e r n ed r e a l l yw i t h sav in ga ni n s t i t u t i o npe r se , b u tw e a r ec o n c e r n e dw i t hh e l p i n ga ni n s t i t u t i o na c c om p l i s hi t sm i s s i o n wh en t h a tm i s s i o n i simpo r t a n ti nt h el i v es o fi n d i v i d u a l s . S e c o n d ,w h a t ' s the p u r p ose ? G i v e n t h ep r o b l em ,w h a t do y o up r opos et odo a b o u ti t ?W h a t's the b i g idea ? fromo u rs t a n d p o i n ta s a foun dati . o a, \'1(" are i n gf o ri d eas t h a tr e p r e s e n tsom e th ing d i f f 2 ren ti n~ a lw ays look on h , crea t i v e , som e t h i n gL nu o v atL ve, a r i ew wc :y t om o b i l iz er e so u rce st odca I som e th i n g's i g n i fican t. som c t h i n g r~ t h �1 0 And , t h i r d ,w h a tw i l lb er e q u i r e di no r d e rt oge t t h i sdo n e ? Th e two p a r t st ot h a tq u e s t i o na r e ,o fc o u r s e ,w h a t a r eyou g o i n gt op u ti na n dw h a t h e l p wou ld you l i k ef r omu s ? Ic a n ' ta n sw e rf o ra l lf o u n d a t i o n s ,b u tt h eK e l l o g g F o u n d a t i o nd o e s n ' ts u p p o r ta n y t h i n g100 p e r c e n t . I fi t ' s n o t im p o r t a n tenough t oyou t od os om e t h i n gt h a tyou m ak e at a n g i b l ecomm i tm en to fr e s o u r c e s ,i t s h o u l d n ' tb e im p o r t a n tt ou s . W e a r ev e r yr e a l i s t i c ,p r a c t i ca l ,p ra gm a t i co n t h i s . S om e t im e st h ec o n t r i b u t i o ni s" i nk i n d " s i l ' lp ly t h eo f f i c es p a c e ,t h eh e a t , t h el i g h t s ,t h es h o v e l i n go fs n ow ;b u ts u c ha c o n t r i b u t i o ni ss i g n i f i c a n t . No r do w e p r o v i d ea na u t om a t i cl a ,2 0 ,o r 40 p e r c e n tf o ri n d i r e c tc o s t s ;w e f e e l t h a ti st h ek ind o fi n p u tt h a tt h ei n s t i t u t i o no ro rga n i z a t i o nc a nma k e . W h a t e v e r d i r e c tc o s t st h e r ea r e ,w e ' l lc o n s i d e r. e W ' r ec o n c e r n e dw i t h t h e i n s t i t u t i o n a li n p u tb ec a u s e ,i ft h i si sa ni d e ao f im p o r t a n c e , you a r ecomm itted and i fi t ' s g o i ng t os u c c e e do v e rt im e ,i t m u s t h a v er e a li n s t i t u t i o n a lc omm i tm e n t . W e d o n ' ts u p p o r ta n y t h i n g100 p e r ce n ta n d ne i t h e rdo w e s u p p o r tanyth~n f o r e v e r . W h a t ' s go ing t oh a p p e ni ft h i sid e a wo r k s? I fi t do e s n ' tw o r k , w e ' l l j u s th a v ea q u i e tb e n e d i c t i o n . B u ti fi t ' s ar o u s i n gs u c c e s s ,h ow ca ni t b e i n s t i t u t i o n a l i z e d ? Ima ta r et h ep o s s i b i l i t i e sf o rf u n d i n go v e rt i me ? W i l l i t b eb u i l ti n t os t u d e n tf e e so rp a t i e n tf e e so ro t h e rs o u r c e so fr e v e n u e ? How c a n i t b e com ea p a r to ft h eo n g o i n gl i f eo ft h ei n s t i t u t i o no ro r g a n iza t i o n ? W e a r ec o n c e r n e da b o u t th a t . W h i l e s u ch p r o j e c t i o n smay b es p e c u l a t i v eand a lo t o fa s s um p t i o n sa r eb u i l ti n ,w e f e e ls u c hf o r w a rd p l an n i n g is im orta~t Onc e f u n d e d ,w e t h e no p e r a t ev e r yf l e x i b l y . Ea c h ye a r ' sexpe rien ces a r ea n a l yz e d and budg e t sa l t e r ed i fn e c es s a r y . T h a tv e r yb r i e f l yi sh ow w el o o ka tt h ep r o p o sa l . F i r s ts t h ep r o b l em ; t h e n ,w h a t a r eyou go i n g to d o abou ti t ;h ow ar eyou goi n gto p r ocee d ; and w hat d o you need t oa c c om p l i s ht h o se p u r p os e s . V ic h i n th at co n t e x t, w e can reac t . U sua ll yw ew il l e ith er a s k you t ocom e to v isit us o rw e 'l l com e to �11 s e eyou a sa p a r to fo u r cons i d e r a t i o no ft h ep r o p o s a lb e f o r et h ef i n a l r e comm end a t ionf romo u rs t a f fi sm ad e t oo u rb o a r do ft r u s t e e s . U s u a l l yK e l l o gg F o u n d a t i o ng r a n t sf o rp rog r am p u r p o s e sa r ef o rt h r e et o f i v ey e a r si nd u r a t i o n . We r e c o g n i z et h a ti tt a k e sa w h i l ef o ran i d e at og e t g o i n g , so t h ef i r s ty e a rm ay b es t a r t u pf u n d i n g ;t h e nan i n c r e a s ei nb u d g e t t h en e x ty e a ro r two ;t h e ni fi t ' s r e a l l yg o i n gw e l l , o t h e rs o u r c e so f iD com e w i l lb e g i nt om a t e r i a l i z e and o u rs u p p o r tb e g i n st op h a s eo u tr a t h e rt h a n d r o p p i n go f fa b r u p t l y . Th e r ei sa n a t u r a lt r a n s i t i o na st h es a l a r i e sand o t h e ro p e r a t i n gc o s t sb e com ep a r to f you ro n g o i n gb u d g e t . Th a ti swh a t t h e K e l logg F o u n d a t i o nl o o k sa ta n d ,w h i l ef o u n d a t i o n s a~y, t h a tg e n e r a lp a t t e r n wou ld u s u a l l yb et r u e . L e tm es t o pa tt h i sp o i n t and s e ewh a t you rs p e c i f i cq u e s t i o n se r ei n r e l a t i o nt ot h eK e l logg F o u n d a t i o n and f o u n d a t i o n sg e n e r a l l ya sp o s s i b l e s o u r c e so fa ss i s t a n c ef o rYOUI a ti itie~ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1979-03-14_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech, The Foundation Giver's Point of View Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given March 14, 1979 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at Andrews University. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan W. K. Kellogg Foundation Charities Speeches, addresses, etc. Education Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1979-03-14 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/d4ba03994a0d49216946a9c7c7ee9188.pdf c6d1c743ede22a8f5430ab39df8e1129 PDF Text Text "THE GREATEST OPPORTUNITY" Remarks by Russell G. Mawby, President W. K . Kellogg Foundation at the 1977 National Conference on Trusteeship Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges Williamsburg, Virginia March 13, 1977 I I welcome the opportunity of being with you for your 1977 National Conference on Trusteeship. I am grateful to your program committee for the privilege of being a part of this opening session which launches a busy schedule of formal meetings and informal conversations dealing with topics of g r e a t importance to our nation's universities and colleges. I regard my assignment this evening as a special honor because of the high regard in which I hold you, individually and collectively, as college and university trustees. For in my judgment, there could not be assembled any group of persons involved in higher education who have greater capacity and opportunity to shape the future of higher education in this country than do you . As trustees, you will playa special role both in dealing with the realities of t o day a n d in s h a p i n g th e f u t u re o f h igher educat i on . As you well k n ow , your s is not an easy task nor one t o be taken l i gh t l y . commend you for your commitment and courage in accepting this assignment and I hope your experiences here will be useful. I �2 II The theme for my remarks this evening, "The Greatest Opportunity," comes from a letter written in 1935 by W. K. Kellogg, the founder of the Foundation with which I am now associated. Mr. Kellogg, a successful businessman, was an equally practical and pragmatic philanthropist. He was deeply concerned for the well-being of people, with a particular compassion for children and youth. In 1935, when he made the irrevocable transfer of his fortune to the Foundation, he wrote a brief letter in which he concluded, I'I am glad that the educational approach has been emphasized . Relief, raiment , and shelter are necessary for destitute children , but the greatest good for the greatest number can corne only through the education of the child. the parent, the teacher, the family physician, the dentist, and the community in general. Education offers the greatest opportunity for really improving one generation over another ." That statement is as true today as it was four decades ago. Despite all the criticisms and all the questioning, education is still basic to- -offers the greatest opportunity for--human progress. And from the standpoint of the individual. education is still the way to a better life. Education--related to but not synonymous with courses and credits and degrees and credentials; but education--the inquisitive mind; the mastery of knowledge and skills; a pattern of identifying . assembling, analyzing, thinking, planning, and doing. �3 During the next two decades, American colleges and universities will change in ways which are completely unpredictable. From my academic background as an economist, it is my custom to make estimates of the future by examining the trendlines of the past to see how they are likely to move forward in terms of reasonable assumptions. But my study of the data presented now by the most expert forecasters in higher education shows no agreement on future student enrollment, no common assumptions about the future availability of resources, and in fact, no agreement concerning the likely impact on colleges and universities of various possible events or sequences of events. One statesman in higher education predicts that by the end of the century, American colleges and universities will serve twice as many students as they now do. He observes, "The limits of education are set, not by the dimensions of the jobs we see around us, but by the capacity of human beings to learn . are today far from reaching this capacity." And we He concludes. "The higher education industry might well double or triple in size during the balance of this century and a totally new kind of society might be created in which the level and the depth of education and the richness of culture would surpass that ever before achieved or even imagined ." On the other hand, an equally respected expert has estimated that the number of students in higher education will fall to half the current enrollment . this decline corning about because of "an excess of college graduates over the numbers of jobs for which college credentials are �4 believed necessary." I suspect that what actually occurs will be determined in large part by the ways in which institutions of higher education respond to the changing circumstances ahead. My remarks this evening will have a generally cheerful tone. characterized by a cautious but deeply engrained optimism. fairness, perhaps I should first explain the caution. In The script for the future which we hear most often is that prepared by the Cassandras among us. The argument. now so frequently advanced that we could almost recite it in unison, asserts that for many reasons the outlook for higher education is dismal. The percentage of young people who go from secondary school to college is steadily dropping. as is the percentage of those students who are retained until graduation. The baby boom which began after the end of World War II--nine months after, in fact--came to an end in 1960, after which the fertility rate began a steady decline. In the inexorable course of time, the peak of the bumper crop of babies will reach college age between 1978 and 1982 after which the pool of potential enrollees will begin to drop dramatically. That drop must continue for the rest of the century. Meanwhile. many new kinds of post-secondary institutions are emerging and they will all want their shares of the declining numbers of able and willing students. Some of these institutions will be so compliant to the whims of their students that they will debase the currency of learning. economist~) (I warned you that I was an Some schools will devise curricula or methods to meet previously unserved needs, some of which lie well outside �5 the presently conceived missions of colleges and universities. Likely--if we are perfectly candid--some of them will do a better job of providing education than our existing institutions. There is already a modest growth of sustained training programs by large health complexes, research and development units of industry, and advanced and technical bureaus of government. If the number of these programs grows, if their quality is increased, and if they win the right to award degrees or credentials. they may prove to be respectable and worthy alternatives--or if you prefer. a serious threat--to our high-quality current programs of undergraduate. graduate, and professional education . If all of these predictions actually materialize, as the Cassandras expect them to do, the governing boards of colleges and universities which still remain in existence will find themselves confronted by problems of a nature and magnitude that they can hardly guess at today. One of the most pressing of these problems will be the difficulty of recruiting onto boards people of ability and imagination who can provide the guidance and understanding which so brilliantly characterize members of present boards and their predecessors. For it is the very quality of present board members and the administrators, faculty members, and alumni who share responsibility with them that offers the best hope for the future. Even considering only students of traditional college and university age, much can be done to strengthen and diversify curricula, to create new teaching styles, to provide better counseling and a more educative peer culture, and to develop distinctive institutional �6 missions which may not have universal appeal but which will exert a strong attraction for young people who hold deep religious, regional, ethical, or occupational values. Trustees can use their authority and their community influence to help build effective working relationships with outside institutions, to construct collaborative arrangements for teaching, and to make sure that adequate funds are available. We know that such efforts can be successful for they are already being widely and creatively implemented. But even if we do all of these things which we already know how to do, they will not be sufficient. The number of potential stu- dents of typical collegiate age will fall so drastically below the ever-expanding population to which we have become accustomed that our institutions must find new clienteles if institutional talents and resources are to be fully engaged. We may speculate about the nature of these new clienteles--foreigners, physically handicapped, non-academically-gifted persons, minorities, and others--all important, with educational needs to be met. But there is a further group, sufficiently large, capable, and rewarding to our society to make broad use of the talent and resources that colleges and universities possess. I refer, of course, to our adult population. When I suggest a sharpening focus on the continuing educational needs of adults, I want to stress that I do so not from any compulsion to "save our colleges and universities" by finding another market . Rather, I suggest your attention to the lifelong learning needs of adults as a consequence of our changing contemporary society. �7 the altering life patterns of our citizens . and the burgeoning of new knowledge, with the emphatic suggestion that the serving of lifelong learning needs is a legitimate, but yet unfulfilled, role for institutions of higher education . It seems obvious that the day is long past when colleges and universities can continue to be youth-centered , even youth-bound. Between 1903 and 1906, Seaman Knapp, a crippled, elderly student of the classics, developed in Louisiana and Texas the teaching techniques which became the basis of the Agricultural Extension Service, effectively reaching and changing the practices of farmers, then the largest economic group in the country . It should be clearly understood that he and his colleagues did not teach simple tricks and skills but conveyed the profoundest principles of soil science . plant management, animal husbandry and engineering then known. On the basis of his work, which grew rapidly in the next eight years and was permanently linked to the land-grant colleges in 1914, the whole nature of American agriculture and rural life has been changed. It should be further noted that the success of this lifelong learning enterprise--beginning with children on the farm and continuing to influence the minds and actions of farm families and of farm operators throughout their careers--brought an acclaim and recognition to the sponsoring universities which nobody had ever dreamed they could achieve. The little "cow colleges" then out at the edge of academe have become the Purdues, the Michigan States , the Cornells, and the Nebraskas of today . One cannot give complete �8 credit for such changes to the Agricultural Extension Service, but its basic principle of coming to grips with the realities of adult life in the community setting has been profoundly effective _ It is to such deep tradition that our governing boards, administrators, and faculty members must now turn if they are to bring their institutions into a new era of vital service to society. Each institution must work out its distinctive destiny in terms of its resources and the needs and interests it wishes to serve. To start your intellectual adrenalin running . I suggest the following initial ideas: 1 . Creativity in institutionalizing the concept of continuing education. No institution of higher education has really accepted the full implications of the concept of lifelong learning and done something about it in terms of the organizational chart of the institution. patterns of financing, the reward system for faculty, functional activities and relationships within the institution and with organizations beyond. It is true that we have examples of efforts in this direction but they are fragmentary and incomplete. To quote President Wharton of Michigan State University, "Lifelong education is a facet of the educational enterprise which has been discussed for years but no single institution has ever made the intellectual investment necessary to effectively integrate this function into the university structure ." �9 2 . C r e a t i v i t yi np r o b l em o r i e n t e dp r o g r am s ,i na d d i t i o nt ot h emo r e t r a d i t i o n a ld i s c i p l i n e o r i e n t e da p p r o a c h . Mo s t p r o b l em sw h i c hc o n c e r no u rs o c i e t ya r ec om p l e x ,i n t e r r e l a t e d ,m u l t i d i s c i p l i n a r y , d i f f u s e ; on t h ec o n t r a r y ,t h e s o l u t i o n sw e c o n t r i v ea r eu s u a l l yh i g h l ys p e c i f i c ,p r o s c r i b e d , s im p l i s t i c . T h i sd i c h o t om yb e tw e e nt h en a t u r eo fp r o b l em sa n d s o l u t i o n si sa m a j o r s o u r c eo ff r u s t r a t i o na n df a i l u r e . A s e x am p l e s, c o n s i d e ro u rc o n c e r n sw i t hh e a l t hc a r ed e l i v e r y , w i t ht h ev i a b i l i t yo fo u rl o c a lp o l i t i c a li n s t i t u t i o n s ,w i t h t h ee f f i c a c yo fe l em e n t a r y s e c o n d a r ye d u c a t i o n ,w i t ht h ef am i l y a st h eb a s i cs o c i a li n s t i t u t i o n . R e s o u r c e s f r omt h r o u g h o u tt h e u n i v e r s i t ym u s t b em o b i l i z e d t od e a li na c om p r e h e n s i v ea n d a d e q u a t ew ay w i t h s u c hi s s u e s . 3 . C r e a t i v i t yi nwo rk w i t ht h ei n f o rm a lnet o ~ o fc o n t i n u i n g e d u c a t i o no r g a n i z a t i o n s. H e r e Im e an v o l u n t a r ya g e n c i e s , s e r v i c eo r g a n i z a t i o n s ,c omm u n i t yi n s t i t u t i o n ss u c ha sl i b r a r i e s , mu s eum s , a r tc e n t e r s ,c h u r c h e s . W h i l e i t ' st r u et h a tc o n t i n u i n g e d u c a t i o na c t i v i t i e so fu n i v e r s i t i e sc u s t om a r i l yi n c l u d ec o n t a c t sw i t hs u c he n t i t i e sa st h e s e ,s u c hi n t e r r e l a t i o n s h i p s a r en e i t h e ra ss y s t em a t i cn o ra sc om p r e h e n s i v ea st h e ys h o u l db e . 4 . C r e a t i v i t yi nd e v e l o p i n gl i n k a g e sb e tw e e nt h e o ~ ( t r a d i t i o n a l u n d e r g r a d u a t ea n dg r a d u a t e )a n di n f o rm a lt e a c h i n gp r o g r am s U s u a l l yt h e s et e a c h i n ga c t i v i t i e sa tt h eu n i v e r s i t ye x i s ts i d e b ys i d ew i t hv i r t u a l l yn oi n t e r a c t i o n . �10 5 . C r e a t i v i t yi ni n t e r i n s t i t u t i o n a la r r a n g em e n t s , im p l y i n g c o o r d i n a t i o na n dc o o p e r a t i o n . I n s t i t u t i o n so fh i g h e re d u c a t i o nm u s t b el e s su n i l a t e r a li nt h e i re d u c a t i o n a la c t i v i t i e s . S o c i e t yw i l l no l o n g e rt o l e r a t et h ea p p a r e n ti n e f f i c i e n c i e s o fm u l t i p l e , d u p l i c a t ee f f o r t s . B e t t e ra n sw e r sm u s t b e d em o n s t r a t e di nt h er o l e sa n dr e l a t i o n s h i p so fu n i v e r s i t i e s , f o u r y e a rc o l l e g e s . commun i ty c o l l e g e s p u b l i ca n dp r i v a t e i nm e e t i n g e d u c a t i o n a lg o a l s . 6 . C r e a t i v i t yi ni d e n t i f y i n gs p e c i f i ct a r g e ta u d i e n c e si nv a r i o u s s e t t i n g s . W i t h som ea u d i e n c e s .e x em p l a r ye f f o r ti nc o n t i n u i n g e d u c a t i o nc a nb ec i t e d ;o t h e ra u d i e n c e sa r ev i r t u a l l yo r a b s o l u t e l yu n r e a c h e d . N o o n ew o u l da d v o c a t et h a ta u n i v e r s i t y s h o u l db ea l lt h i n g st oa l lp e o p l e . B u ts h o u l dn o ti n s t i t u t i o n so fh i g h e re d u c a t i o nb ec h a r g e dw i t hs t r e n g t h e n i n ga l l o fe d u c a t i o n -w i t hc r e a t i n gn ew i n s t i t u t i o n a lf o rm si f t h e y a r en e e d e d ,n u r t u r i n gt h em ,p r e p a r i n gp e r s o n n e l ,e v a l u a t i n g t h e i re f f e c t i v e n e s s ,a n dd e v e l o p i n gm o d i f i c a t i o n s t h a te d u c a t i o n a ln e e d sm ay b eb e t t e rm e t ? 7 . C r e a t i v i t yi nt h eu s eo f .n ew tec no ~ i nl e a r n i n g . Mu ch h a s b e e nm ad e o fn ew h a r dw a r ea n ds o f tw a r ea v a i l a b l ef o rt e a c h i n g . Im p r e s s i v ee x am p l e so fe x p e r im e n t a le f f o r t sc a nb ec i t e d . B u t c h a r a c t e r i s t i c a l l y ,t e a c h i n gt e n d st ob e mo r e o ft h es am eo l d t h i n g . Th ec h a l l e n g ei nt h eu t i l i z a t i o no fn ew t e c h n o l o g ya p p e a r s t ol i ew i t ht h ehum an e l em e n t .b o t ht e a c h e ra n dl e a r n e r . I nsumm a ry o ft h i sp o i n t ,i t s e em sa p p r o p r i a t et h a tl e a d e r si n e d u c a t i o nb e g i nt or e c o g n i z ea n dr e f l e c ti nt a n g i b l ew ay s a comm i tm en t �11 to lifelong learning. Is it too much to expect that entering freshmen should recognize that they are launching a process of learning that will be lifelong and a relationship with the academic community which should be continuous, that undergraduate students should be consistently exposed to faculty members who are rolemodel lifelong learners, that commencement should be exactly that-simply a threshold to continuing education? As a society we have built a great industry around the concept of estate planning, but these elaborate plans are implemented only at death . Why not a comprehensive approach to building an individual plan for living-for lifelong learning and growth , reflecting the latest notions of the stages of adult development, incorporating an individual's personal values and goals. and representing a totally comprehensive and refreshingly new accommodation of institutions to the interrelationships between work (profession, career), family, leisure, and learning? III In the hope that you will at least give serious thought to the ideas I have expressed about a possible direction for the future, I will offer two admonitions . First, never think that the path for creating new programs for adults is either simple or easy. Since 1970, a number of people have believed that the essential idea of non-traditional education was simply to do the opposite of what tradition suggested. If, for example, a program had previously been completely prescribed , than let it be �12 made completely elective; or, if all courses had been taught during the daytime on campus, let them all be taught at night somewhere else. Some very costly mistakes have resulted. Another common error is to try to pick up a successful program in one field and t o put it down intact in another. work. Such a practice will almost never Scores of people, for example. have tried to use agricultural extension in other settings and with other content . They have not understood how extraordinarily complex is the model they seek to use and how carefully it has been tailored to fit the situation in each of the places it is used . Perhaps its princip1es--or, at least, some of them--can be transplanted but their application to their new setting is never easy. We must remember how long it has taken for us to create our existing colleges. graduate departments, and professional schools and the extent of the trial and error, "labor , and thought that has been required to bring them to their present level of perfection. If continuing education is to be as firmly rooted in future practice as introductory education for young people is today, we must expect no easy and quick gains but be prepared for dedicated and even dogged effort . My second admonition is particularly needed because of the way by which I introduced my remarks this evening . If colleges and universities are to become true centers of learning throughout the adult years, then the desire to bring about this result must be ardently pursued for its own sake and not merely because such a course of action is thought to be necessary to save the institution . �13 Within this decade, one university governing board has grudgingly voted that the institution might admit not more than 100 adult students if they did not take places desired by regular students and if the classes attended were held after dark so the adults would not be too conspicuous on campus. Since the board of governors which voted that regulation were all adults . one wonders what kind of an image they could have had of themselves Men and women--particularly the intelligent and capable ones which a university would wish to have as students--are subjected to all the persuasions and blandishments of a sophisticated society in which the arts of communication have been brought to such a high level that it is a major task to attract their attention, much less to convince them that demanding and often difficult study is in their own and in society's best interest , It seems inescapably true. therefore, that the only colleges and universities which can effectively serve continuing lifelong desires and needs for learning will be the ones in which the governing boards first allocate adequate resources for the fostering of such study programs and then shape and enforce the policies which will support long-sustained efforts in that direction. Men and women join the governing board of colleges and universities because they believe that higher education is crucial to our society. This feeling is intensified because most trustees when they were young experienced themselves the benefits of higher education as it has traditionally existed. I need not remind you that as board members you have also experienced in your own lives the benefits of continuing education. Generally people who are trustees have needed or desired �14 to learn how to remain at the forefront of their professions or businesses, to gain the ability to cope with their own or their family's problems, to share in the delights of the arts and the humanities, to re-assess their values as they grow older and as times change, to fulfill an absorbing interest in new knowledge or unaccustomed skills, to gain a deeper sense of spiritual and religious truths, and to experience the companionship of shared ventures into the unknown . What you as board members have dis- covered for yourselves. you need to try to provide for everyone. In the last hundred years, the central mission of our colleges and universities has been to carry the benefits of preparatory education to all young people who can profit from it .. We still have much to do to fulfill that aim and we must not cease our efforts to do so. But perhaps the central mission of the next hundred years will be to provide ways by which everyone can take part throughout life in the kinds of continuing education which will be rewarding not only to those who engage in it but to the societies of which they are members or leaders. Colleges and universities are among the most powerful instruments for the provision of such education but they will not be able to fulfill their destiny unless their governing boards take the lead in creating the climate and generating the resources which will make such a result possible . I have complete confidence that they will be able to do so. In conclusion, then . I view the future for higher education , and the colleges and universities which are its foundation. as bright, expanding. exciting. I base this vision on a simple set of premises: �15 First, we are a learning society. Change is one of the most pervasive characteristics of our times ,. We have come to recognize the vital role of learning in accomplishing and accommodating to change. Second, learning is for life, in all its aspects. Education is essential for all the various roles of the individual : for occupational proficiency, whether in the trades, the professions, or what have you; for civic competence in fulfilling democratic citizenship responsibilities; - for family roles and responsibilities; - for avocational interests; for self-fulfillment goals in an increasingly complex world. Finally, learning is life-long, . from the cradle through the twilight years, in myriad forms and circumstances. It's this life-long dimension of learning to which institutions of higher education have found it most difficult to accommodate. Education--in this instance, higher education--has a special place in our democratic society. Universities (I use the term here to include all institutions of higher education--two-year, four-year, graduate, public, private) are conceived in our society as knowledge resource centers, with responsibilities in teaching, research, and service. Typically, the teaching function of the university is still defined too narrowly, usually relating essentially to students in residence, young in age, and in degree-oriented programs of study , �16 If universities are to fulfill their educational potential in serving the needs and goals of society, they must define the teaching function more creatively, in diverse settings with varied student groups. This leads us to the concept of continuing educa- tion in its broadest conceptual construct. I realize that there are many forces which must be confronted . These include such realities as the financial considerations of funding higher education, usually involving some formula related to full-time equivalent enrollment; the constraints of self-created systems of accreditation and credentialing; the frequent discomfiture of the faculty in dealing with other than captive , post-adolescent students; and the reluctance of decision makers within our institutions and beyond to condone unaccustomed approaches to reaching educational objectives. But I also sense a readiness today in academia--and on the part of learners--to consider: explore, test new concepts and patterns. It is the central task of a governing board to serve as the surrogate of the society which has established or chartered it The chief duty of such a board is not to exercise control (although it does have that responsibility) but to think creatively and in the long run successfully about the problems of the institution for which it establishes governing policies and makes major decisions. A wise board will accept many collaborators (from both within the institution and beyond) to help define and achieve its goals. But the ultimate responsibility for success or failure rests with the board. Easy answers and quick solutions are not available and panaceas �17 and sure-fire remedies do not exist. But if colleges and universities did not have hard problems, they would not need boards comprised of competent and committed persons The difficulties in the years ahead will be very great, but surely no greater than those with which our predecessors have successfully dealt through the past two centuries and more. Fortunately, our institutions of higher education still have talented and dedicated trustees who are equal to the task. I wish you Godspeed. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1977-03-13_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech, The Greatest Opportunity Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given March 13, 1977 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the 1977 National Conference on the Trusteeship Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan W. K. Kellogg Foundation Charities Speeches, addresses, etc. Education Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1977-03-13 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/33682b93f0244c52365764b9ba58d9d7.pdf 4120e09beee654eac16fb5b62d58630a PDF Text Text \ \ "THE GREATEST OPPORTUNITY" Remarks by Russell G. Mawby, President W. K. Kellogg Foundation at Tuskegee Institute Tuskegee Institute, Alabama March 12, 1978 I great ~e a s ure to be back at Tuskegee again. It been eight years since I last visited your campus and I your invitation here for the opportunity of seeing _ s.. .~ ~ .. .k~~~ old friends and meeting new ones f\ and to observe first-hand ~--- the dynamic growth and progress which continue f to characterize Tuskegee. And I thank you for the privilege of being a part of this Founder's Day observance in which I join a long list of those who have been honored by your invitation to participate in this special occasion each year. isited a.dmire-th Countless individuals have been a part of the miracle that is Tuskegee, perpetuating and transforming into reality the dream of your founder. It is a quality and a characteristic of American life that people give generously--of themselves, of their time and talent, of their energy and their material resources--to causes to which they are dedicated. Certainly this is true in the history of Tuskegee. �2 From the first struggling days and in emulation of the Founder whom we honor today, people have committed themselves to Tuskegee's mission, given selflessly as teachers and officers, as trustees and alumni , as students and friends in building this Institute both physically and academically. Thousands have given materially--farm products and building materials and money--that Tuske gee mi ght grow. Private foundations such as the one I represent are simply one mechanism by which people of wealth can direct their resources to further human purposes. You and I give our modest gifts to our church, to community organizations and agencies, to our alma mater. W. K. Kello gg, in his 70th year in 1930, dedicated his fortune to "helping peopl e help themselves" through the found ation which bears his name. Private phil anthropy has played a major role in fulfilling the aspirations of Booker T. Washin gton for Tuskegee and his people. There has been a recognition by philanthropists of the catalytic role which black institutions of higher education, both private and public , have made by openin g doors of educational opportunity and thus contributing immeasurably to the betterment of American society. Since 1965 the Kello g g Foundation has provided over $3 million to Tuskegee, as well as an additional $11 million to other private and public black institutions of higher education. Our support at Tuske gee has been directed particularly to the Human Resources Development Center, the School of Nursing, and the creation of the new Learning Resource Center which serves your educational mission both on and off campus. Beginning with your �3 founder, Dr. Washington and continuing , the leaders of Tuskegee have possessed a remarkable ability to generate both private and public support for Tuskegee--an institution as unique in its contributions to society as was its founder. That uniqueness has been a key element in Tuskegee's success, both in its educational missions and in the level of assistance which it has attracted over the past nine and a half decades. II In preparin g for the visit with you today, Ire-read Booker T . Washin gton's stirrin g autobio graphy, Up From Slavery. Few individual s in history have begun wi t h so little, and accomplished so much. Certainly there's no need to recite for you the details of Washington's birth as a slave in Franklin County, Virginia; his years of struggle to gain an education; or his unusual fortitude and faith in shaping the mission and future of Tuskegee Institute. In his rema rkable way, Washington had the personal courage and sense of destiny to ask the question, "What kind of a life, what kind of a world do I want for myself, and for my people, ten, twenty, thirty, or even a hundred years from now?" We are all familiar with the late Robert F. Kennedy's paraphrase of the line in Geor ge Bern ard Shaw's play Back to Methuselah, "Some men see things as they are and say 'Why?' that never were and say 'Why not?"! I dream things It was that type of visionary and optimistic view of things which made Booker T. �4 Washington an educator, statesman, and political power in America. As young Washington was carrying water to the men in the plantation fields in l860--three years before the Emancipation Proclamation and on the eve of the Civil War--another child was entering the world as the son of a struggling broom manufacturer and religious enthusiast in Battle Creek, Michigan. was Will Keith Kellogg. His name While the lives of these two were dissimilar in many respects, they shared a number of similar hardships, as well as a common visionary outlook and concern for fellowman. Both Booker T. Washington and W. K. Kellogg were born on the threshold of poverty, and both passed through life with no opportunity to experience the joys of childhood. Washington commented in his autobiography, "There was no period of my life that was devoted to play ... from the time that I can remember anything, ,a l mo s t every day of my life has been occupied in some kind of labor." Kellogg, one of seven children in a poor family, worked from age seven to help meet the needs of his family. He, too, commented later in life, "As a boy I never learned to play." Washington and Kellogg both had what would be considered today limited formal education. entrepreneur. Yet, each was an educated man and an Dr. Washington dedicated his life to building a great educational institution and to advancing the cause of his people. Mr. Kellogg, at age 46, after years of unrewarding toil in the shadow of his famous physician-brother, transformed a very modest health food venture into the modern ready-to-eat �5 b r e a k f a s tc e r e a li n d u s t r y . W i t h v i s i o ns im i l a rt ot h a to f W a s h i n g t o n , e a r l yi nh i sb u s i n e s sc a r e e rM r . K e l l o g g s t a t e d , " I fI ams u c c e s s f u li ng e t t i n go u to fd e b ta n db e com ep r o s p e r o u s i nm yb u s i n e s sa f f a i r s ,i t i sm yh o p et h a ta n y t h i n gI a c c um u l a t e , .~ c a nb eu s e df o rt h eb e n e f i to fm a n k i n d . " E q u a l l yp r a gm a t i ct o em p h a s i sw a s on k n ow l e d g eu t i l i z a t i o n ,. . . t h ea p p l i c a t i o no f f o rc o n t i n u i n gr e s e a r c h ,t h eF o u n d a t i o n ' sp h i l o s o p h yi ss ~ ~ ~. t h a ti nm o s t a r e a so fhum an e n d e a v o r ,w e "knowb e t t e rt h a nw e d o . " T h u s , t h eF o u n d a t i o n ' sr e s o u r c e sa r ed i r e c t e dt oe x p e r im e n t a l e f f o r t st om o b i l i z ek n ow l e d g er e s o u r c e st os e r v ehum an n e e d s . S i n c eM r . K e l l o g ge s t a b l i s h e dt h eF o u n d a t i o ni n1 9 3 0 ,g r a n t s t o t a l i n go v e r $400 m i l l i o nh a v eb e e nm ad e t oh e l ps o l v ehum an p r o b l em si nt h ea r e a so fa g r i c u l t u r e ,e d u c a t i o n ,a n dh e a l t h . S u c hg r a n t sd u r i n gt h ep a s t 50 y e a r sh a v er e p r e s e n t e da t e n f o l d d i s t r i b u t i o no fM r . K e l l o g g ' s o r i g i n a lc o n t r i b u t i o nw h i c h s t a r t e d t h eF o u n d a t i o n . W . K . K e l l o g gw o u l dh a v eb e e n among t h ef i r s tt o s e c o n dW a s h i n g t o n ' s o b s e r v a t i o nt h a t ,"S u c c e s si st ob em e a s u r e d n o ts omu ch by t h ep o s i t i o nt h a to n eh a sr e a c h e di nl i f ea s by t h eo b s t a c l e sw h i c hh eh a so v e r c om ew h i l e t r y i n gt os u c c e e d , " a n d "Th eo n l yt h i n gw o r t hl i v i n gf o ri st h el i f t i n gup o fo u r f e l l owm e n . " I ' v en o tb e e na b l et od e t e rm i n ew h e t h e rt h e s etwom e n e v e r m e t e a c ho t h e r ,a l t h o u g ht h a ti sa p o s s i b i l i t y . W a s h i n g t o n s p e n tf i v ed a y s ~e ~ ~ B a t t l eC r e e ki nJ a n u a r y o f 1914. I ti sp o s s i b l et h e ym e t on t h a to c c a s i o n ,a l t h o u g h M r . K e l l o g gw a s s t i l lg e t t i n go v e rt h es h o c ka s s o c i a t e dw i t h j ~ W a s h i n g t o n i nh i sa p p r o a c ht os e r v i n ghum an g o a l s ,M r . K e l l o g g ' s k n ow l e d g et ot h ep r o b l em so fp e o p l e . W h i l e r e c o g n i z i n gt h en e e d J ' ) J . . �6 the recent death of his wife and was also strug gling to obtain loans for his fledgling company. In any event, one senses that the two men would have liked each other. Both of these unusual men shared a deep appreciation for their home communities. Mr. Kellogg insisted that his company's advertising always refer to "Kellogg's of Battle Creek," and as a result our small Michi gan community has become synonymous with the breakfast cereal industry. While the scope of the Foundation's programming was to become almost worldwide, Mr . Kellogg also insisted that the Foundation's Board meet monthly in Battle Creek and that a po rtion of Foundation g r a n t s be made for the direct benefit of his hometown--a wish that is still followed today. In this re g ard, Boo ker T . Washington recalled in his autobiography, "From the first, I resolved to make the school a real part o f the community in which it was located ... 1 was determined that no on e should have the feeling that it was a foreign institution, dropped down in the midst of the people, for which they had no responsibility and in which they had no interest." Both also shared an appreciation for the character building nature of manual labor, and yet understood the importance of education. Explaining why he chose to leave his wealth to the Foundation, Mr. Kellogg wrote in 1935, "Relief, raiment and shelter are necessary . . . but the greatest g o o d for the greatest number can come only through education . .. Educationoffers the greatest opportunity for really improvin g one g en e r a t i on over another." �7 III Speaking of the early days of Tuskegee, Dr. Washington has said, "Without regard to pay and with little thought of it, I taught everyone who wanted to learn, anything I could teach him." From that simple beginning, Tuskegee Institute has become a national model, reflecting some of the most effective approaches for combining outstanding educational programs in the professional and technical fields with an abiding commitment to people, and to the community and region it serves. Tuskegee now enjoys an international reputation, and can be proud of its academic quality as reflected in the accreditation of its curricula and the success of its graduates, both in advanced study and in their chosen fields of work. But ~~~ in many respects, it is the outward community focus which maket Tuskegee unique and places it above the realm of rhetoric and empty platitudes that too often characterize the social conscience and involvement of our nation's colleges and universities. Booker T. Washington was aware that the process of education cannot be separated from other, and often more basic, aspects of the human condition. The activities of Tuskegee's Human Resources Development Center should be well known to all of you. The Center is providing technical and educational assistance to persons in 12 Black Belt Alabama counties in the areas of health, education, employment, transportaion, housing, welfare, and juvenile delinquency prevention. Its methods and skills are being utilized to assist less developed countries throughout the world, including Jamaica, Yeman and Guyana. From the delivery �8 of health services to the rural disadvantaged to the analysis of livestock production systems, Tuskegee is carrying forward its commitment to "community" in the broadest sense of the word. And as Booker T: Washington praised the virtue of manual labor linked with academic studies, the Development Center is providing practical field experiences for Tuskegee students in such areas as social work, architecture, nursing, dietetics. We of the Kellogg Foundation consider the Human Resources Development Center one of the most important and successful educational and service outreach projects ever initiated with our assistance. In its nearly one hundred years, Tuskegee has experienced remarkable transformations. From a simple beginning, it has grown to be a prestigious yet practical institution of higher education. But despite its multiple changes in response to changing needs and circumstances, certain fundamental principles persevere. In 1931, giving the Founder's Day Historical Address in the Golden Anniversary year of Tuskegee, the Reverend Anson Phelps Stokes summarized some of the main features of Tuskegee's educational creed as illustrated by the Founder's sayings: "We believe in the digni ty of labor. I We shall prosper in propositions as we learn to dignify labor and put brains and skill into the common occupations of life. ' "We believe in doing what we do well. 'The man who has learned to do something better than anyone else, has learned �9 to do a corrnnon thing in an uncommon manner, is the man who has a power and influence that no adverse circumstances can take from him. ' "We believe in the power of education. for anything . ' 'I gnorance is not a cure 'There is no defense or security for any of us except in the hi ghest intelli gence and development of all. ' "We believe in the life of service. 'The only thing worth living for is the liftin g up of our fello wmen' ... 'The greatest thing you can learn is the lesson of brotherly love, of usefulness, and of charity. ' "We believe in the spirit of coop eration between all individuals and groups. 'Cast down your bucket where you are. Cast it down in making friends, in every honorable way, of the people of a l l races by whom you are surrounded.' "We believe in fittin g all men to exercise the responsibilities of American citizen ship. 'It is important and right that all privileges of the law be ours, but it is vastly more important 0 that we be prepared for the exercise of these privileges' ... Le t the very best educational opportunities be provided for / " both races, , an d add to this the enactment of an election law that shall _Qe-incapable of unjust discrimination, at the same time providing that in proportion as the ignorant secure education, property and character, they will be given the rights of citizenship <:) �1 0 On s u c hf u n d am e n t a l sh a sT u s k e g e eb e e nf o u n d e d a n ds t i l l f l o u r i s h e s . Th ew o r d s , t h es t r u c t u r e s ,t h es ym b o l sm ay c h a n g e b u tt h eb a s i c comm i tm en ta n dc o n c e p tp r e v a i l ,t e s t e da n dt r u e . IV On t h i s6 l s tA n n u a l F o u n d e r ' sD ay , on t h ee v eo ft h e I n s t i t u t e ' sc e n t e n n i a la n n i v e r s a r yi n1 9 8 1 ,w e m e e t o n c ea g a i n t ocomm emo r a t eB o o k e rT . W a s h i n g t o n . W i t h r a r ed e d i c a t i o n , c o u r a g e ,a n de f f o r t ,h ee s t a b l i s h e dT u s k eg e eI n s t i t u t ea n d n u r t u r e di t t h r o u g hi t sf o rm a t i v ey e a r s ,e s t a b l i s h i n gs t a n d a r d s o fq u a l i t ya n ds e r v i c e ,i n s t i l l i n gp r i n c i p l e sa n dp r e c e p t sw h i c h h a v ee n r i c h e dt h el i v e so fa l lwhom t h eI n s t i t u t eh a st o u c h e d . W e r e h ew i t hu st o d a y ,D r . W a s h i n g t o n w o u l db ep r o u do ft h ew ay s i nw h i c h t h o s ewho h a v ec a r r i e df o rw a r dh i sw o r kh a v ec o n d u c t e d t h e i rs t ew a r d s h i p . H ew o u l db ep r o u do fT u s k e g e e ' ss u c c e s s f u l ra ua e~ o u t s t a n d i n gf a c u l t y ,a n de x c e l l e n t fa c i l i t i e s . H e w o u l d t a k ee q u a lp r i d ei nt h ew ay s i nw h i c h Tu sk e g e er em a i n s t r u et oi t sp h i l o s o p h yo fb o t he d u c a t i o na n ds e r v i c e . H e w o u l d comm end s u c he f f o r t sa st h o s et od e v e l o pc r o p sw h i c hw i l lp r o v i d e y e a r r o u n di n c om ef o rt h el im i t e dr e s o u r c ef a rm e ra n dt os t r e n g t h e n m i n o r i t yb u s i n e s se n t e r p r i s e si nt h i sr e g i o n . F o rB o o k e rT . W a s h i n g t o n r e a l i z e da c e n t u r ya g ot h a tt h e r ei sn o t h i n gmo r e d i f f i c u l tt ot a k ei nh a n d , mo r e p e r i l o u st oc o n d u c t ,o rmo r e u n c e r t a i ni ni t ss u c c e s st h a nt ot a k et h el e a di na n ew o r d e r o ft h i n g s . A s o n el o o k sa b o u tt h i sb e a u t i f u lc a mpu s t o d a y ,t h es i t u a t i o n w o u l d s e emmo r e c om f o r t a b l ea n dl e s sd em a n d i n g , mo r e s e r e n ea n d �11 l e s sp e r i l o u st h a ne i g h to rn i n ed e c a d e sa g o . B u ti nh i s P r e s i d e n t ' sS t a t em e n tl a s ty e a r .D r . F o s t e rr em i n d e du s , "T h e r ea r ee f f o r t s s om e t im e ss u b t l e ,o f t e no v e r t t od i sm a n t l e b l a c kc o l l e g e s .u H e t h e np r o c e e d st os t a t ea f o r c e f u lp o s i t i o n , e x t r a c t e da sf o l l ow s : "T h eb l a c kc o l l e g e sh a v ea lw a y sb e e na p l a c eo fp o s i t i v e c h a n g e e s p e c i a l l yi nt h el i v e so ft h es t u d e n t sa n do t h e r s t h e yt o u c h e d . I ITh e s eb l a c kc o l l e g e sh a v ed o n e ,t h e ys t i l ld o ,a n dt h e y p r o p o s et ok e e p on d o i n ga q u a l i t yj o bo fe d u c a t i o n a ll e a d e r s h i pa n ds e r v i c e . T u s k e g e eI n s t i t u t ei sp r o u dt ob e among t h i sn um b e ra n dt oh a v eh a dm o r e t h a no r d i n a r yo p p o r t u n i t i e s t os e r v eAm e r i c a a n di t sc i t i z e n sw i t h d i s t i n c t i o n . I I J u s to n ec l o s i n gt h o u g h t ,l e s tt h ev i b r a n c yo ft h e usk~ ee M i s s i o n i nt h er e a lmo fb l a c kc o l l e g e sb e m i s u n d e r s t o o d . C a r r y i n g fODv a rdo u rw o r k a sa ni n s t i t u t i o n w i t h ab l a c kh e r i t a g e. inn ow ay im p l i e sr a c i a l l ye x c l u s i o n a r y p o l i c i e s . W e h a v eo u rp r o p e rs e n s i t i v i t i e st oh e r i t a g e ;a n d a l s ot of u t u r es e r v i c ef o ra l lwho w o u l d j o i nu s s t u d e n t , t e a c h e r ,s t a f f e r ,a n dg e n e r a ls u p p o r t e r . W e know , t h o u g h , t h a tt h em i l l e n n i um i sn o ty e th e r e ,d e s p i t er em a r k a b l e p r o g r e s si na d v a n c i n ghum an r i g h t si nr e c e n ty e a r s . T h e r e i smo r e t odo . W e s h a l ldo o u rf u l ls h a r ew i t hf i rmr e s o l v e , g o o ds p i r i t ,c om p e t e n c e ,a n da k n ow l e d g et h a ta l lp e o p l e ... ~ \ . . _~~. a r eb r o t h e r su n d e rt h es k i n . " {. :» f4 ~~ ~ ~~ r _ _ -...~ \ ~ ) ~~ . - . .~ ~ \ �1 2 To c a r r yf o rw a r dt h em i s s i o n o fT u s k e g e ei sa nu n e n d i n g c h a l l e n g e . S om e t im e si nt h ec om p l e x i t i e so fm o d e r n l i f e ,t h e t a s k sw h i c h c o n f r o n tu ss e ema lm o s to v e rw h e lm i ng . A t s u c h mom en t s , If i n d, reassu rancea n di n s p i r a t i o ni nt h e s ef ewl i n e s w h i c hm ay b ef am i l i a rt oy o un l yo n e ,b u t I amo n e ; I amo Ic a n ' tdo e v e r y t h i n g ,b u tI c a n do s om e t h i n g ; Wh a t Ic a nd o , Io u g h tt od o ; And w h a t Io u g h tt od o , By t h eg r a c eo f God , Iw i l ld o . I fe a c ho fu si no u rr e s p e c t i v e sr o l e s a sT r u s t e e sa n d o f f i c e r s ,a sf a c u l t ya n ds t u d e n t s ,a sa l um n ia n d r e - s-~ ~~~ do w h a tw e c a n do a n do u g h tt od o ,w e w i l lh a v em ad e o u r a p p r o p r i a t ec o n t r i b u t i o nt ot h ef u r t h e r a n c eo ft h ew o r ko ft h e m an whom w e h o n o r 'D , \ , \) 'F ' -S ) Q ' . F o rt o d a y ,a sa c e n t u r yag o ,e d u c a t i o n s t i l l" r e p r e s e n t st h eg r e a t e s to p p o r t u n i t yf o rr e a l l yim p r o v i n g o n eg e n e r a t i o no v e ra n o t h e r "a n df o re n h a n c i n gt h ehum an c o n d i t i o n . ~~~ ~ G o d s p e e d i ny o u r im p o r t a n tw o r k . �TU SKEGEE INSTITUTE ot« Annual FOUNDER'S DAY SERVICE FQ1I.nded by BooKE R. T. WASHI N GT O N THE TUSKEGEE CHAPEL SUN DAY MORNING, THE TWELFTH OF MARCH N INETEEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-EIGHT TEN O'CLOCK �CROWN H IM WITHMANY CROWNS C rown H im w i th m any c rown s ,TheL ambupon H i sth ron e ; ti t sown ! Ha rk !howth eh e av en ly an th emd rown sA l l mu s i c bu Aw ak e , mysou l ,ands ing O fH im whod i edfo rth e e , a t ch l e ss K ingTh rough a l le t e rn i ty . Andh a i lH ima sthym im th eL o rdo f Lov e ;B eho ld H i sh and sands id e , C rown H R i ch wound s ,y e tv i s ib l eabov e ,In b e au tyg lo r i f i ed ; No ang e linth esky Canfu l lyb e a rth a ts igh t , Bu t downw a rdb end sH i sbu rn ingey eA t my s t e r i e sso b r igh t . C rown H imth eLo rdo fL i f e , Who t r iumph edo ' e rth eg r av e , Andro s ev i c to ri ou sinth es t r i f eFo rtho s eH ec am etos av e ; i e dandro s eonh igh , H i sg l o r i e snow w es ing Who d Whod i ed ,e te rn a ll i fetob r i ng , Andl iv e s th a td e a th m ayd i e . C rown H imth eLo rdo fY e a r s , ThyPo te n ta teo fT im e , C r e a to ro fth ero l l ingsph e re s ,Ine f f ab lys ub l im e . A l lh a i l ,R ed e em e r ,ha i l !F o r Thouh a s td i edfo rm e ; Thyp r ai s esh a l ln eve r ,n ev e rfa i l Th roughou te t e rn i ty .A -m en. T ImTUSKEGEESONG Mu si cbyN .C u r ! Sm i th Tu sk eg e e ,thoup r id eo f th esw i f tg row ingSo u th , ~e p a yth e eou rhomag etoday , Fo rth e wor tho fthyte a ch ing ,thej o yo fthyc a r e ; Andth egood w eh av eknown 'n e a ththysw a y . Oh ,long s tr iv ing mo th e ro fd i l ig en tso n s , Ando fd augh t e r s, who s es t r eng thi sth e i rp r i d e , ~e w i l llov eth e e fo r ev e r ,andev e rsh a l lw a lk Thro 'th eoncom in gy e a r sa t" thys id e . Thyhand w eh av eh e ldupth ed if f i cu l ts t e ep s , ~e pa in f u lands l ow w a sth ep a c e , Ando nwa rd andupw a rd w e 'v el abo r edw i th th e e Fo rth eg lo ryo f Godandou rr ac e . Thef i e ld ssm i l etog re e tu s ,th efo r e s t sa r eg l ad , Th er ingo fth eanv i landho e Hav ea mu s ica sth r i l l ingandsw e e ta sa h a rp ~ th out augh tu stoh e a randtoknow . Oh, m o th e rTu s k e g e e ,thous h ine s t tod ay A sag eminth efa i r e s to fl and s ; Thouga v e s tth eh e av 'n -b l e s s e dpow e rtos e e Th e wo rtho fou rm ind sa ndou rh ands . We th ankth e e ,w eb l e s sth e e ,w ep r ayfo rth e ey e a r s Im p lo r ing w ithg ra te fu la c co rd , Fu l lf ru i tfo rthys t r i v ing ,t imelo ng e rtos t r i v e , Sw e e tlov eandt ru el abo r ' sr ewa rd . - PAULU U&ENCE DUNBA a �ORDER OF THE SERVICE -- J. S. Bach PRELUDE: "Prelude and Fugue in G major" -----------------------PROCESSIONAL: "Tu es petra" Henry Mule! _ Diadcmata S.M.D. HYMN: "Crown Him with Many Crowns" IN VOCATION _ _ _ CHAPLAIN AN DREW L. JOHNSON W illy Richter ANTHEM: " T he Creation" T he Tuskegee Institute Choi r Roy Edwa rd H icks, Conductor Ned Lewis, Ins titute O rgani st INTR ODUCTIO N OF SPEAKER Chairman, Board of Trustees T uskegee Institute MR. MELVIN A. GLASSER FOUNDER'S DAY ADDRESS D R. R USSELL G. MAWBY . President, W . K. KELLOGG FO UN D AT IO N Battle Cr eek, Michigan REMARKS AND PRESENTATION S JOH N T. PORTER _ __PRESIDENT LUTHER H. FOSTER C ITIZENS AWARDS L O UISE B. T RIGG 1978 K E N N ETH B. YOUNG HONORARY DEGREE R USSELL G. MAWBY D octor of Laws SPIRIT UAL: " God's Gonna Buil' Up Zion's W alls" The Tuskegee Institute Choi r Jest er H airst on " T H E TUSKEGEE SONG" D u nbar-Sm it h BENED ICTION AND SEVENFOLD AMEN ----------------------------------------------------.-------------------- C HAPLAIN ANDREW L. J OHNSON POST LUDE: "En tree" .--------__- . Jean LaNglais �Th eFo l lowi ng P e r son sHa v e Hono r ed th eM emo r yo f Boo k e rT . Wash ing tonb yD e l i v e r ing Found e r ' s Da y Add r e s s e s a tTu s k eg e eIn s t i tu t e : HON . WILL IAM G .W ILLCOX 1 9 1 7 DR . HARRY V . RICHARDSON 1946 HON . P. P. CLAXTON 1918 HON.HENRY A . WALLACE 1946 HON . E MMETT O 'NEAL 1919 HON.EDW IN R . EMBREE 1947 HON . WILL IAM H . TAFT 1 9 2 0 DR . HUGH THO I l lPSON KERR 1948 DR .M . ASHBY JONES 1921 HON . CHARLES D .B .K ING 1949 U nv e i l ing o ft h e Bo ok er T.W a s h i n g t o n M emo r i a l 1922 DR . WALLACE BUT IR ICK DR . GEORGE CLEVELAND HALL HON .J O SEPHUS DAN IELS DR . SAMUEL C . M ITCHELL 1923 DR . TALCOTT W ILL IAMS 1924 DR . JA MES E . DILLARD 1926 DR . FRANCES G . PEABODY 1926 DR.EDW IN M IMS 1927 SIR W ILFRED T. GRENFELL 1 9 2 8 DR . JO HN H .F INLEY 19 29 DR .J OHNJ. T IGERT 1930 F i f t i e t hA n ni v e r s a r yE x e r c i s e s 1931 HON . HERBERT HOOVER DR:ANSON PHELPS STOKES DR ,R .O 'HARA LAN IER 1950 H o . c . W lLL IA . \ lL . DAWSO> I 1951 DR . EMORY R o s s 1952 DR . GUY BENTON JOH NSON 1963 DR . ERNEST O . MELBY 1954 DR . AMBROSE CAL IVER 1965 DR . BUELL G . GALLAGHER 1950 HON.FRANCES P . BOLTON 1957 DR . FREDER ICK D . PATTERSON 1958 DR . JOH N HOPE FRANKL IN 1969 DR ,W ILL I" : \ .E . STEVL :NS' )N 1960 DR . ALV :1 ' C . EUR ICH 1 961 DR . BAS IL O 'CONNOR 1952 DR .J OHN GARDNER 1963 DR . HARLEN HATCHER 1964 H is E x c e l l e n c y , ALEX QUA ISON -SACKEY 19 65 DR . W. C .J ACKSON 1932 DR . ARTHUR HOWE 1933 DR .J AMES M . NABR IT . JR . 1966 DR. T HOMASJ.JONES 1934 DR . A . HANNAH 1967 DR . KELLY MILLER 1936 HON . CARL T. ROWAN 1 969 DR . EMMETTJ AYSCOTT 1936 HON . Ai ,DREWF . BR IMMER 1970 HON .J OHN TEMPLE GRAVES I I 1 9 37 H i sE x c e l l e n c y , MR . JACKSON DAV IS 1938 J OHN .T .AKAR 1971 HON . ARTHUR W .M ITCHELL 1939 HON .S IDNEY P. MARLAND 1972 HON . JAMESA . FARLEY 1940 MR . MELV IN DR . G. LAKE IMES 1941 DR . FRANKL I ! " H .W ILL IAMS Da . ROBERT E . PARK 1942 DR . ROGER W ILL IAM HEYNS HON . CHAUNCEY SP ARKS 1943 DR . HERMAN R . BRA t ,SO I> ; 1976 DR . JER OME H . HO ILAND 1 977 DR . FRANKP. GRAHAM ~ ~ A . GLASSER 1973 1974 197 5 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1978-03-12_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech, The Greatest Opportunity Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given March 12, 1978 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation to discuss the growth and development of the Tuskegee Institute. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan W. K. Kellogg Foundation Charities Speeches, addresses, etc. Education Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1978-03-12 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/1c98266c14942cb8e530c0dc4fe2874b.pdf 33092fe857ad23402a18fef0daca0995 PDF Text Text UNITED WAY OF MICHIGAN 1994 ANNUAL MEETING Holiday Inn South Lansing, Michigan June 9, 1994 Partnership For Community Progress I. Delightful indeed to be here this afternoon for the United Way of Michigan's Annual Meeting. A. I stand here today as not only the Chairman and CEO of the W.K. Kellogg Foundation, but also as a proud donor to the United Way of Greater Battle Creek, the Battle Creek Community Foundation, and a volunteer for numerous organizations. II. Where would we be if it were not for philanthropy and the nonprofit sector? A. Looking at my own life. 1 .' �• I was born in a nonprofit hospital. • I was educated at two universities that were dependent on charitable contributions and still are today. • I was married in a church. • I have worked for a university, 4-H, and for a charitable foundation. • I will probably die in a nonprofit nursing home. I think you probably see a pattern developing here. B. It has been to nonprofit organizations -- and not to government or to business -- that I have turned for the important things in my life: my health, my education, my religious encounters, my cultural experiences, and human services -- not to mention my employment. 2 �C. And, I am not alone. Half of our nation's healthcare, about a quarter of our education, a substantial portion of our human services, most of our arts and culture, and all of our religious life come from organizations that are neither government (the public sector), nor business (the private sector). Since they belong to neither the public nor the private sectors, they make up a third sector, one that is free of political considerations, and not subject to the bottom line. III. I have been asked to speak with you today regarding the joint leadership role of two key community philanthropic organizations: United Ways and community foundations. Two organizations along with voluntary action centers, which I feel every community throughout our great state and our great country should have access to. 3 �A . When I reflect on these two great organizations, I can only think of the marvelous relationships United Ways and community foundations have in communities such as Battle Creek, Kalamazoo, Saginaw, San Francisco, St . Paul, and Atlanta, among many others, working together in assessing needs, resolving community problems, and fundraising. B. I think of communities, such as lansing, where the United Way has helped to establish the Capital Region Community Foundation. I think of Fremont, where the Fremont Area Foundation helped establish the United Way; and in some of our communities such as Alpena and Saginaw, where these two organizations share office space; and communities such as Albion, where these organizations share staff. 4 �C. Unfortunately, however, for every community where I can identify a strong, collaborative relationship between the United Way and community foundation, I am aware of other communities where this is not so. And isn't that unfortunate. D. I think ultimately the misunderstanding and competition between local United Ways and community foundations is namely the competition for resources. We must realize that United Ways almost always rely on the current income of their donors to meet their campaigns. Community foundations, on the other hand, tend to rely on planned and deferred giving for their growth. These two sources of income are complimentary, and indeed, one can stimulate the other. 5 �E. There are certain things United Ways do well and there are certain things community foundations do well. So, the question is, whether these two major and important civic, voluntary and philanthropic institutions are on a deadly collision course or whether they can understand and accommodate each other's organizational needs, or accept their differences and strengths, and fashion roles that meet the continuous and emerging community needs. F. A community can have a very strong United Way, hospital, and school system, yet there are still needs going unmet. This is where the community foundations fit. While United Way has been and continues to be a tremendous resource for some of my favorite organizations, such as Big Brothers and Big Sisters, the local food pantry, homes for abused 6 �women, and the list goes on and on; the community foundation is there to assist organizations such as these to develop an endowment or a savings account, if you will, and to help them meet any unexpected needs or opportunities. They are also there to provide that seed money and venture capital for new ideas and opportunities that occur in your communities. IV. We are right on the cusp of probably the greatest period of the transfer of wealth in the history of our country. A. Most of the estimates indicate that as much as eight trillion dollars may be involved in intergenerational transfers over the next decade or two. It is hard for this farm kid from Hickory Corners to think in terms of eight trillion dollars. But this is the possible mass 7 �of wealth that may move through the process of estate planning in the coming few years. B. My experience has been that communities that give generously, give generously to everybody. And anyway, if we as United Ways and community foundations can collectively increase giving generally, we will ultimately be benefiting everybody. c. It does not have to be open warfare. We must start working together as a sector and looking at what is best for the donor, and ultimately, those individuals who are the beneficiaries of the services of the organizations you fund. D. I'm delighted that on a national level, a joint United Way and community foundation committee has been 8 �created to look at how local United Ways and community foundations do and should cooperate. E. Locally, I encourage United Ways and community foundations to continue working together through the Michigan Nonprofit Forum to help establish a public tax policy for the people of our state. F. Also, in tandem, you must look at working together to help bring about voluntary action centers in your community to help mobilize the greatest resource America has -- people. And if you believe the research, those that volunteer give 100% more to charitable organizations than those that do not. V. Charles Dickens, as usual, said it very well: "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times. " 9 �A. Americans are the most generous people in the world. They give time and money with remarkable liberality. They pull out their checkbooks and roll up their sleeves and pitch in whenever they see a need to be met. Research indicates that this great characteristic of Americans is getting stronger, and we should rejoice in that fact. B. It is the worst of times, too. The problems of poverty have never been worse. The challenges of education have never been more daunting. The needs of people have never been greater. The doomsayers among us say that our social problems have become intractable. c. When I hear these pessimists, my mind's eye sees a man standing over 50 years ago, in the ruins of London, and he growls 10 words: "Give us the 10 �tools, and we will finish the job." Throughout our communities, we have the tools: United Ways, community foundations, and hopefully voluntary action centers. It is people such as you and thousands of others like you forming a grand alliance to work as alleys for a common cause. D. It is time for all of us to realize that none of us can do the job alone, but we must each do our part. E. For in the final analysis, only people matter, only people make a difference. F. For I am only one, but I am one, I can't do everything, but I can do something. What I can do, I ought to do. 11 �And what I ought to do, by the grace of God, I will do. For I am only one, but I am one. G. And I suspect, that if United Ways and comrnurritv foundations do what they can do and what they ought to do, in tandem, we will indeed make this great State of Michigan a better place in which to be born and which to grow up. VI. I wish you godspeed. s: \chairman\docs\u nitway 12 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1994-06-09_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech, Partnership for Community Progress- United Way of Michigan Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given June 9, 1994 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the 1994 Annual Meeting of the United Way of Michigan. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan W. K. Kellogg Foundation Charities Speeches, addresses, etc. Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1994-06-09 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/8d976a474389df11205416ccb6e6dcbc.pdf 0c077ca7b69a39b0ce00d2b31f8d9f94 PDF Text Text \ffiAT'S HAPPENING IN THE STATE OF MICHIG~~ AND HOW DOES PHILANTHROPY FIT IN? An Outline of Remarks by Russell G. Mawby W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Northern Michigan Members Meeting with the Board of Trustees of the Council of Michigan Foundations Midland, MI June 9, 1988 I. As we all know, when we reflect on where we have been and where Michigan is as a state, Michigan has a long and proud history of social concern. also has a long and proud history of philanthropic commitment. Our state Michigan has been a leader in the nation in adopting laws and implementing programs to protect the environment, assure social justice to all people, provide quality educational opportunity, and in other ways serve human concerns and needs creatively and effectively. At the same time, Michigan has been home to some of history's entrepreneurial geniuses, who not only were committed to economic growth, but also to leaving behind a legacy of social commitment. The list is long and impressive: Ford, Kresge, Mott, Kellogg, Skillman, Dow, Wege, and a host of others represented here this evening and in the membership of the Council of Michigan Foundations. Michigan has a great tradition of philanthropy, i.e. private initiatives for the public good. Michigan's citizens give individually; as corporations and businesses; and through organized philanthropy in private, community, and corporate foundations. �-2- These two historical attributes -- social concern and philanthropy -- of course, are not unrelated. Throughout the state's history, the vision of Michigan's future has benefited from the synergism of the efforts of political and private sector leaders who are committed to improvements in our state's social fabric. As we enter the final turn of the race toward the 21st century a race which will culminate in only 12 more years -- it is appropri ate that we as a community examine those things that have changed in our society in order that we are better able to adapt to the needs of new generations. Early in this century, Woodrow Wilson wrote: "America is now sauntering through her resources and through the mazes of her politics with easy nonchalance; but presently there will come a time when she will be surprised to find herself grown old -- a country crowded, strained, perplexed when she will be obliged ••• to pull herself together, adopt a new regimen of life, husband her resources, concentrate her strength, steady her methods, sober her views, restrict her vagari es, trust her best, not her a ve r a g e , members. will be the time of change. That time is upon us. Is our le adership, in both the public and private sectors, up to the task? That �-3II. In thinking about what is happening in Michigan, I was tempted to begin with a list of concerns: education -- K-12 and higher; health care; environmental issues; cultural and performing arts; economic development and jobs; the list goes on and on. A useful resource, were I to proceed in this way, is this publication, "Michigan in Brief, An Issues Handbook for 1987-88," produced by our good friends at Public Sector Consultants in Lansing, under the leadership of Dr. Gerald Faverman and colleagues. I feel that it would be presumptuous and inappropriate for me to impose a long expose on a cafeteria of issues. You are knowledgeable about the concerns in our state and particularly in your home communities. Rather, I have chosen, in broad overview, to share very briefly six observations about things going on in Michigan, for which the implications for philanthropy are rather apparent. I hope you will forgive my frequent reference to Battle Creek and activities of the H. K. Kellogg Foundation these are the examples I know best. You will see your community and yourself in the illustrations I suggest. Observation 1 concerns the seeming inability of our political processes and institutions to deal with significant issues in substantial ways. �4 T h i si smo s t v i v i da tt h en a t i o n a ll e v e lwh e r e Cong r e s si ss t r u g g l i n g i n e f f e c t i v e l yw i t h su chc o n c e r n sa sf i s c a land f i n a n c i a lr e s p o n s i b i l i t y ,t r a d e im b a l a n c e ,f a rmp rog r am s , and f o r e i g na f f a i r s . I nL a n s i n g ,o u rs t a t ep o l i t i c i a n sa r ee q u a l l yi n e f f e c t i v eon m a t t e r s o fs c h o o l f i n a n c e ,o u rs t a t eb u d g e t , Wo rkm en ' s Comp en s a t ion , and a h o s to fo t h e r c o n c e r n s . A t t h el o c a ll e v e l ,you c anm ak e you r owna n a l y s i so fe f f e c t i v e n e s si nd e a l i n g w i t h hum an s e r v i c e s ,e n v i r o nm e n t a lc o n c e r n s , and a l lt h er e s t . T e chno logy h a s ch ang ed t h en a t u r eo fp o l i t i c sand p o l i t i c i a n sd r am a t i c a l l y . N ew t e c h n i q u e so fs o p h i s t i c a t e d ,i n s t a n t a n e o u sp o l l i n g and t h ei n f l u e n c eo f m a s s ~ t r e a tm e n to fe v e r yi s s u eand p e r s o n a l i t ys e em st oh av ef o r c e d e l e c t e do f f i c i a l st ob e com el e s st h e" l e a d e r s "o fs o c i e t yand mo r e t h e f o l l ow e r so fh e rd i n s t i n c t . Th e r ei sa t end en cyt ol e a don ly wh en con s en su s h a sb e en r e a c h e d ,t ow a i t t os e ewh i ch w ay t h ep a r a d ei sgo ing and t h e nru sh t oi t sh e ad . O t h e r ch ang e s wh i ch h av ei n f l u e n c e dt h ep o l i t i c a lp r o c e s st o s o c i e t y ' sd i s a d v a n t a g eh av eb e en t h ep r o l i f e r a t i o no ft h enumb e r and t h e d r am a t i ci n c r e a s ei ns k i l lo fs p e c i a li n t e r e s tg roup so fe v e r yv a r i e t yand t h e c o n c e p to fe n t i t l em e n twh i ch h a sh a n d c u f f e dp o l i t i c a lr e s p o n s et och ang ing n e e d s . Tod ay , t h e r ea r ef ewi ne l e c t e do f f i c ewho c o u l db ed e s c r i b e da ss t a t e sm e n , w i t hv i s i o n , comm i tm en t , and a c o n c e r nf o rt h ewho l e . P a t t e r n so fp o l i t i c a l �-5power also have changed dramatically, with greater diffusion and less loyalty to party and purpose. The net effect of all of these changes has been the lessened ability of government at all levels to be a source and catalyst for social change. This, then, suggests an enhanced potenti al role of private sector initiatives to demonstrate new answers to societal needs, to initiative ventures, to provide the vision and comprehensive approach which politics fails to provide. Observation 2 concerns the seeming return (shift back) to local responsibility and control in addressing societal needs. For a span of about six decades -- from the "progressive era" at the turn of the century to the late 1960s, and particularly beginning with the "New Deal" in the decade of the '30s the federal government took an ever increasing part in meeting the needs of the American people. trend has first slowed, then seemed to reverse. Since the early 1970s, that Increasingly, states and localities are being called upon to deliver services and provide benefits to people at the community level. This fact is reflected by statistics from Harold "Bud" Hodgkinson in his address at the United IJay of Michigan's Leadership 2000 Conference. The number of federal employees is the same today as in 1950; however, the number of state and local government employees has risen dramatically. �-6This fact poses problems for Michigan, as well as for all states and localities. This puts pressure on the tax system, especially, to raise revenues to cover increased state and local expenditures. A desirable consequence is that more problems are being identified and dealt with closer to home, and, as we all know so well, the answer usually lies not in dollars alone but in the increased commitment and involvement of people who care. Again, opportunities for private sector initiatives are obvious: there is a desperate need to become more efficient and more effective in using limited resources and in mobilizing local leadership. Observation 3 concerns the increasing rhetoric about public/private collaborations. We hear it from the President, the Governor, many of us. Such collaboration of private philanthropy with public institutions and programs is going on in all of our communities, to the advantage of all. In our state, we think of initiatives dealing with economic development/job generation such as the Industrial Technology Institute and the Michigan Biotechnology Institute; the observance of Michigan's Sesquicentennial; and other efforts in which many of us have been involved. The best observations tend to be at the community level -- in education, child care and child abuse prevention, substance abuse, independent living for the elderly, the cultural and performing arts, and a host of other examples. �r -7A concern that I would share with you is that, unless we are careful in such collaborative efforts, they will, in a sense, be "one-way." Public officials are anxious to mobilize and direct private resources to "their chosen objectives." They are not always anxious to be helpful to private philanthropy in addressing such concerns as increasing the resources available for philanthropic purposes. The current evidence of this relates to the proposed tax credit for gifts to community foundations. While the administration has given verbal endorsement in a variety of ways to this concept, they have been less than arduous in following through in ways necessary to ensure legislative action. The jury is still out on whether the administration will produce as they have promised. A further concern relates to the audit activities of the Internal Revenue Service here in Michigan, which some of us have experienced recently. In the most recent audit of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation, which in some respects is still underway, we received a virtual "no-change audit" on all accounting procedures. But the agent then chose to extend his activities into a detailed review of sub-purposes of a few selected grants. His effort was really to define very narrowly the concept of "charitable purpose. In the examples he selected, those grants which dealt specifically with economic development and job generation -- instances in which the concern was increasing total jobs and not solely jobs for chronically unemployed, handicapped, or minorities -- he wished to disallow them because they were not purely "charitable" in his judgement. �-8- If this kind of mentality prevails, some very important areas of private philanthropy, including some in which collaboration with the public sector is most effective, will become impossible. I think our continuing approach should be to be cooperative with public institutions and organizations, but to be cautious and not be coerced. Next year, after the elections this fall, I feel confident that we will again confront tax legislation, probably at both the state and federal levels. Whenever tax issues are opened up, philanthropy is vulnerable. We need to be ready, through our Council of Michigan Foundations and the Council on Foundations at the national level, to address our concerns effectively. Observation 4 concerns the dichotomy between the nature of the problems which concern us and the solutions we devise. The problems of concern to society tend to be complex, multidisciplinary, overarching, penetrating, and permeating. Each of us can make our own list inflation, K-12 and higher education, home care for the elderly, groundwater, environmental quality, job generation, peace. To the contrary, the solutions most often devised to address such issues tend to be narrow, discipline- or profession-oriented and biased, simplistic, and inadequate to the task. �-9A major contribution of philanthropy in addressing societal needs can be to encourage and demonstrate programs which are comprehensive, collaborative, and provide continuity. This is a somewhat human characteristic -- a resistance to change, when we are comfortable with that which we know. Sometimes, even when the evidence is overwhelming, both individuals and their institutions are reluctant to respond. It is a truism that "in most areas of human concern, we know better than we do." be of special interest to you: Think only of the areas which may substance abuse, K-12 education, and health care. For example, if we think of child development in the early years, we know that age five is too late for societal concern and intervention in education, yet most youngsters and most communities lack comprehensive pre-school programs of high quality. The evidence is clear that the elementary years are most important and that drop-out can really be predicted by grades six or seven. Yet, we persist in accrediting our schools at the high school level, starving the elementary years whenever resources are limited. Every teacher will tell you that it takes the first three months of the new school year to catch up to �1 0 wh e r e s t u d e n t sw e r e wh en s c h o o lend ed i nt h es p r i n g ,y e tw ep e r s i s ti nh av ing at h r e e -m o n t hb r e a ki nl e a r n i n gd u r i n gt h esumm e rmon th s as c h o o l y e a r mod e l e s t a b l i s h e dby an a g r a r i a ns o c i e t ymo r e t h a na c e n t u r yago . I nt h em a t t e ro fp e n a lr e f o rm ,t h eGov e rno ro fP e n n s y l v a n i ar e c e n t l y comm en t ed ," I tc o s t su s $24 ,000 a y e a rt ok e ep a p e r s o ni nt h es t a t ep en ,b u t o n l y $8 ,000 a y e a ra tP enn S t a t e . " We a sa s o c i e t y ,t h r o u g ho u ri n s t i t u t i o n sand o r g a n i z a t i o n s , mu s t p u tt o b e t t e ru s et h a twh i ch i sa l r e a d yknown . P h i l a n t h r o p yc an b ea k ey c a t a l y s t . U s u a l l yp rog r am so f hum an s e r v i c ea r eb a d l yf r agm en t edand l a c kc o n t i n u i t y . I nB a t t l eC r e ek , f o rex amp l e ,w eh av e 67 i d e n t i f i e dv o l u n t a r y ,n o n p r o f i t g roup sd i r e c t e dt ot h en e ed so fy o u t h . P l u r a l i sm i sgood ;c om p e t i t i o nc an a l s ob eh e a l t h y ,b u ti n f i g h t i n g ,a d v e r s a r i a ls t a n c e s ,and comb a t iv eb e h a v i o r a r e ~ Th ec l e a r e s tex amp l ei no u rhom e towni si nh e a l t hc a r e , wh e r ew eh av e two h o s p i t a l s ,v i r t u a l l ya c r o s st h es t r e e tf rome a ch o t h e r ,e a ch s u f f e r i n gf rom l e s st h a n50 p e r c e n to c cup an cy . I na d d i t i o n ,w eh av et h eu s u a lh o s to fo t h e r h e a l t hc a r eo r g a n i z a t i o n s-V i s i t i n g Nu r s eS e r v i c e ,D ep a r tm en t o fP u b l i c H e a l t h , Am e r i c an R ed C r o s s , Ho sp i c e , M e a l s on Wh e e l s , v o l u n t a r y ambu l an c e s e r v i c e s ,and m any mo r e . �-11- Unhappily, while each is composed of intelligent, able, dedicated, and well-intentioned individuals, each also tends to address issues from the perspective of their organizational or institutional objectives. Each is concerned with their own niche, too often not sensitive to the activities of others and with insufficient attention to the comprehensive health needs of the people of the community. Again, a challenge for philanthropy to be an influence in bringing about services which are comprehensive, collaborative, and continuous. From all of these observations, each of us can identify marvelous opportunities for philanthropy to contribute, ever more importantly. The opportunities are virtually endless -- I will share with you one new example which our Foundation is undertaking. Mr. Kellogg established the Foundation nearly 60 years ago because of his concern for young people. Thus, youth programming has always been a major component of our grantmaking. We have done a wide range of the usual things in our own community, in Michigan, and nationally. Recently, we have become increasingly concerned that, whether the grantee is a public agency or a nonprofit organization, the approaches too often are fragmented, lack continuity, and are narrow in construct. Thus, after very thoughtful and careful analysis and deliberation, our Foundation is launching a Kellogg Youth Initiatives Program in three Michigan communities. �-12One is Calhoun County, including our home base of Battle Creek, which we describe a s rural, small-town, farm and non-f arm. The second community is Marquette and Alger counti es in the Upper Peninsula, the "Appalachi a" of Michigan, with special economic and demographic characteristics. The third is in center city Detroit, the service area of Northern High School, including the high school and thos e middle and elementary schools which feed it, and the communities in which the young people attending these schools live. In each of these three locales we have identified a Foundation staff professional, native to the community with special training, experience, and skills necessary for this particular job. The Kellogg Foundation has no solutions and will not be prescriptive in our approach. Rather, we will try to be a catalyst in stimulating collaborative efforts by individuals, and in particular by organizations a nd institutions which share our concerns with making each community a better place for young people to live -- in effect, seeking to make the community one of the best places in the world for a young person to be born and grow up. Concerns will be broad -- home, family, and housing; schools, churches, public agencies and their programs; all of the nonprofit organizations and their activities; juvenile justice; he alth services; jobs ; and all of the other influences that bear upon child/human development. A first step, and the only activity which the Foundation itself will operate, will be the Kellogg Youth Development Seminar series -- a two-year program of �-13seminars in each of the three communities. In each community, we are identifying 35 to 50 people who are concerned with young people and who agree to participate in the seminar series, one day per month for two years, analyzing the problems and needs of youngsters and exploring and initiating action programs. Resource people will be brought in as the groups decide they could be useful and the entire seminar group -- or small sub-groups -- will travel throughout Michigan or nationally to observe programs in other communities which address similar problems and might be adapted here. The seminar participants will represent a broad cross section of the community -- educators (superintendents, principals, teachers), business people, government officials, labor leaders, parents, and youth. complex approach, and a long-term initiative. This is a Our Board of Trustees has agreed with our staff that we must make a long-term commitment -- at least a generation, 20 years and perhaps 30. We are not sure what can be accomplished -- this is high risk and experimental. We are persuaded that the issue is so important that such efforts must be undertaken. kind. We are anxious to have collaborators of every We hope some of you will join with us, either in these three locales or in complementary efforts of similar purpose in your own communities. anxious to learn, to cooperate, and to share. We are �-14III. In conclusion, what is happening in Michigan? A lot -- much of it good: While we are continually concerned with dealing with problems and addressing shortcomings, we need to keep these troublesome concerns in. perspective. We read a lot about the problems of teenagers today, but most teenagers do well -- they are not on drugs, they do not get pregnant, they do not drop out. At the same time, there are pressing concerns which must be addressed. It is to such issues that much of our thought and resources must be directed. We in philanthropy -- whether in corporate grantmaking, community foundations, or private foundations -- must be responsive to changing circumstances and opportunities. Some of the significant new directions imperative to our societal future will not be charted by ·government. In fact, many elected officials are almost desperate for better answers, proposed solutions to perplexing issues. We in philanthropy can continue our tradition of innovation, nurturing creative collaborative approaches to human concerns at the community level. We can provide leadership to enhance the resources of philanthropy and ensure their most effective use. �-15Michigan has a great tradition of soci al concern. We in philanthropy -- and those who have preceded us -- have been important partners in this progress. There is unfinished business demanding the best efforts of us all! 848kj � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1988-06-09_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech, What's Happening in the State of Michigan and How Does Philanthropy Fit in Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given June 9, 1988 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Northern Michigan Members Meeting with the Board of Trustees of the Council of Michigan Foundations. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan W. K. Kellogg Foundation Charities Speeches, addresses, etc. Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1988-06-09 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0a1a8a6e43d1520db28fa07135e4378d.pdf 740e68b0334fa75a773982c530005862 PDF Text Text Notes from the 1994 A RGM's P resentation for . nnual Meeting of the Saglnaw Community Found{t" June 7, 1994 lon ~ .\~ - ) (,L - l ,/ II \ t / �SPEECH J JO /CLR /RG 0 320N 07 /09 /91 PAGE 5 8 . PERHAPS HERE ISTHE REAL S IGN IF ICANCE OF WORK ING W ITH YOUTH . YOUTH GROW UP TO BECOME PEOPLE WHO WORK W ITH YOUTH . WHEN WE INVEST IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TODAY 'S YOUNG PEOPLE , WE ARE REALLY INVEST ING IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NEXT GENERAT ION , AND THE NEXT , AND THE NEXT . THE R IPPLES SPREAD OUT FROM OUR INVESTMENTAND CAN NEVER KNOW . ~ ~ END , WE ~~ IV . WHY COMMUNITY FOUNDAT IONS? / rY r f ~~. ~ ~ 1 . THE SHORTEST AND MOST PROFOUND ANSWER TO TH IS QUEST ION IS THAT THE MOST E XC IT ING SO LU T ION STO TODAY 'SPROBLEMS ARE NOT THOSE COM ING FROM WASH INGTON OR FROM LANS ING . THEY ARE COM ING FROM THE LOCAL COMMUN ITY . LOCAL LEADERS ARE THE ONES WHO ARE CLOSEST 0 PROBLEMS , AND THE ONES BEST EQU IPPED TO SOLVE THEM . 2 . LOCAL LEADERS , OF COURSE , CANNOT SOLVE COMMUN ITY PROBLEMS ALL BY THEMSELVES . THEY NEED TO HAVE ARROWS FOR THE IR QU IVER , AND PERHAPS THE SHARPEST ARROW ISTHE COMMUN ITY FOUNDAT ION . COMMUN ITY FOUNDAT IONS ARE THE MOST COMMUN ITY BASED OF ALL PH ILANTHROP IC INST ITUT IONS . THEY ARE ALSO THE MOST FLEX IBLE : THEY CAN SUPPORT AW IDE RANGE OF IN IT IAT IVESTO IMPROVE THE COMMUN ITY , FROM ECONOM IC ~ /V ......~~ .... �SPEECH JJO/CLR/RG 0320N 07/09/91 PAGE 6 DEVELOPMENT TO SOCIAL SERVICES, FROM RECREATION TO HEALTH CARE, FROM ECUMENICAL CHURCH PROJECTS TO NEIGHBORHOOD DEVELOPMENT. 3. THE COMMUNITY FOUNDATIONS ARE MORE THAN MONEY GIVERS. THEY ALSO SERVE AS CONVENERS FOR IMPORTANT COMMUNITY MEETINGS, AN "HONEST BROKER" TO HELP BUILD TEAMS OF . ORGANIZATIONS TO SOLVE PROBLEMS, IN SHORT, A CATALYST FOR CHANGE. SINCE THEY SERVE ALL OF THE NON-PROFITS IN THE COMMUNITY, THEY CAN BRING ALL OF THEM TOGETHER TO MAKE THINGS HAPPEN. SINCE COMMUNITY FOUNDATIONS LIVE IN THEIR COMMUNITY, THEY CAN HELP NEW INITIATIVES WITH THEIR PERSONAL INVOLVEMENT, AS WELL AS WITH THEIR FUNDS. 4. WHEN WE LOOK AT THE MICHIGAN COMMUNITY FOUNDATION YOUTH PROJECT, WE SEE ALL OF THESE FUNCTIONS OF THE COMMUNITY FOUNDATION BEING CALLED INTO PLAY. BUT WE ALSO SEE COMMUNITY FOUNDATIONS AS A MANUFACTURER OF NEW PHILANTHROPY AND NEW PHILANTHROPISTS. THEY ARE THE GENERATOR, IF YOU WILL, CHURNING OUT NEW GIVERS BY HELPING THE COMMUNITY TO RAISE, MANAGE, AND DISPERSE CHARITABLE FUNDS. 5. THE MICHIGAN COMMUNITY FOUNDATION YOUTH PROJECT COMBINES ALL OF THESE FUNCTIONS OF THE COMMUNITY FOUNDATION: �SPEECH 07 /09 /91 0320N J JO /CLR /RG PAGE 2 3 . THESE NEXT F IVE YEARS W ILL fHv lA RKON MICHIGAN . ITWI LL MA KE IT L IVE , ABETTER IN WH ICH TO l HTO BE BORN , AND ABETTER STAT IN WH ICH OF TH IS IN IT IAT IVE , THE 4 . PRO JECT , HAS BEEN HAVE ASKED ME WHY THE KELLOGG FOUNDAT ION , WH ICH COULD HAVE . .c WAYS , CHOSE -TO ~ . ~~~ IN ANY YOUTH AND IN UN ITY FOUNDAT IONS . ~ SO , TODAY IWANT TO ANSWER THESE TWO QUEST IONS : WHY YOUTH? WHY COMMUN ITY FOUNDAT IONS? I I I . WHY YOUTH ? 1 . AS NEW , AND EXC IT ING , AND DAR ING AS ITIS , THE M ICH IGAN COMMUN ITY FOUNDAT ION YOUTH PRO JECT HAS PRECEDENTS IN ~ H ISTORY ~ ~ FOR EXAMPLE , FROM 1 931TO 1948 , THE KELLOGG FOUNDAT ION SUPPORTED THE M ICH IGAN COMMUN ITY HEALTH PRO JECT IN SEVEN SOUTHCENTRAL M ICH IGAN COUNT IES . TH IS WAS I �JJO/CLR/RG SPEECH 0320N 07/09/91 PAGE 3 A COMPREHENSIVE COMMU NITY DEVELOPME NT PROJECT THAT CONSOLIDATED RURAL SCHOOLS, BUILT MODERN HOSPITALS AND HEALTH DEPARTMENTS, AND ENCOURAGED VOLUNTEERS TO HELP DELIVER ES SENTIAL SERVICES. 2. THE CHILDREN SERVED BY MCHP ARE ONLY NOW BEGINNING TO RETIRE. MOST ARE STILL ACTIVE IN THEIR COMMUNITIES AS VOLUNTEERS, AND MANY ARE STILL GOING STRONG IN THEIR CHOSEN CAREERS. 3. IT HAS BEEN 50 YEARS SINCE THE KELLOGG FOUNDATION BEGAN TO SUPPORT MCHP, AND ~ YEARS SINCE IT ENDED. STILL REAPING THE BENEFITS FROM IT. MCHP AS AN 18-YEAR PROJECT. AND SOCIETY IS SO, I DON'T THINK OF I PREFER TO THINK OF IT AS A 50-YEAR, OR 70-YEAR, OR 80-YEAR PROJECT. 4. IF YOU LOOK AT THE MICHIGAN COMMUNITY FOUNDATION YOUTH PROJECT IN THE SAME LIGHT, YOU REALIZE THAT THIS IS A PROJECT THAT WILL STILL BE PAYING SOCIAL DIVIDENDS IN THE YEAR 2051 AND PERHAPS WELL BEYOND. IN FACT, THE DIRECT BENEFICIARIES OF THIS PROGRAM WILL STILL BE MAKING CONTRIBUTIONS TO SOCIETY FOR ALMOST ALL OF THE NEXT CENTURY. 5 . IT IS NOT FOR US, OF COURSE, TO KNOW THE LONG-RANGE CONSEQUENCES OF OUR ACTIONS. BUT WE CAN GUESS THAT �SPEECH J JO /CLR /RG 0 3 2 0N 07 /09 /91 PAGE 4 WORK ING W ITH YOUTH W ILL BE L IKE A STONE THROWN INTO A POND : THE R IPPLES KEEP EXPAND ING FAR BEYOND OUR T IME AND PLACE , FAR BEYOND OUR POOR AB IL ITY TO MEASURE . 6 . THE KELLOGG FOUNDAT ION CHOOSES TO WORK W ITH YOUTH BECAUSE WE CONT INUE TO BEL IEVE THAT THE CURRENT GENERAT ION HAS AN OBL IGAT ION TO REPAY ITSDEBTS TO THE GENERAT IONS THAT CAME BEFORE BY HELP ING THE GENERAT IONS THAT W ILL COME AFTER . WE RECOGN IZE NO L IM ITS ON WHAT CAN BE ACH IEVED , WHAT TH INGS CAN BE DESTROYED , AND WHAT GOOD AND DECENT TH INGS CAN BE ACCOMPL ISHED , IFWE BUT G IVE OUR YOUTH THE TOOLS TO DO THE JOB . 7 . THE M ICH IGAN COMMUN ITY FOUNDAT ION YOUTH PRO JECT G IVES YOUNG PEOPLE THE OPPORTUN ITY TO LEARN GENEROS ITY IN THE ONLY PRACT ICAL WAY : BY BE ING GENEROUS . IT ~ TEACH $ THEM TO MEET COMMUN ITY CHALLENGES BY RA IS ING FUNDS FOR GOOD WORKS . IT~ TEACH'THEM TO BE GOOD STEWARDS BY G IV ING THEM THE OPPORTUN ITY TO MAKE THE HARD W ISE G IV ING . IT~ ~ ~ ON THE OPPORTUN ITY TO ASK , TO SERVE , AND THROUGH SERV ING , TO LEAD . TOMORROW 'S GOVERNORS , MAYORS , CH IEF EXECUT IVE OFF ICERS , AND EXECUT IVE D IRECTORS W ILL BE TRA INED THROUGH THE M ICH IGAN COMMUN ITY FOUNDAT ION Y OU TH PRO JECT . PERHAPS MORE IMPORTANTLY , SO W ILL TOMORROW 'S L ITTLE LEAGUE COACHES , B IG S ISTERS , CUB SCOUT LEADERS , AND SUNDAY SCHOOL TEACHERS . �SPEECH JJO/CLR/RG 0320N 07/09/91 PAGE 7 A. COMMUNITY FOUNDATIONS WILL RAISE MONEY TO MEET THE MATCH WITH THE HELP OF A LOCAL COMMITTEE. B. COMMUNITY FOUNDATIONS WILL ENDOW PERMANENT FIELDOF-INTEREST FUNDS. C. COMMUNITY FOUNDATIONS WILL FORM AN ADVISORY BOARD ON GRANTMAKING THROUGH THE COMMITTEE THAT WILL INVOLVE YOUTH, THUS TEACHING STEWARDSHIP. D. THE COMMUNITY FOUNDATION WILL SERVE AS THE MEETING PLACE AND THE THINK TANK FOR NEW INITIATIVES IN THE COMMUNITY. V. SUMMING IT UP. 1. WHY YOUTH? WHY COMMUNITY FOUNDATIONS? BECAUSE THESE CHALLENGES WILL HELP US TO IDENTIFY THE YOUNG LEADERS OF TOMORROW. IT WILL HELP US RECRUIT THEM. IT WILL GIVE THEM EXPERIENCE IN RAISING MONEY AND IT WILL GIVE THEM EXPERIENCE IN THE WISE STEWARDSHIP OF CHARITABLE FUNDS. IT WILL RAISE NEW MONEY FOR THE NEW NEEDS IN COMMUNITIES AND PERMANENTLY ENDOW THEM, SO THAT RESOURCES WILL BE . THERE FOR FUTURE GENERATIONS. IT WILL HELP COMMUNITIES TO GROW AND TO EASE THE PAIN AND THE SUFFERING OF THOSE �SPEECH J JO /CLR /RG 0320N C IT IZENS WHO ARE HURT ING . 07 /09 /91 PAGE 8 ITW ILL ALLOW COMMUN IT IES TO FACE AN UNCERTA IN FUTURE W ITH AN UNSHAKABLE CONF IDENCE IN THE IR OWN AB IL ITY TO SOLVE THE IR OWN PROBLEMS . 2 . WHY YOUTH? WHY COMMUN ITY FOUNDAT IONS ? PERHAPS THE MOST SUCC INCT ANSWER TO THESE TWO QUEST IONS COMES FROM THE ELEGANT PEN OF ABRAHAM L INCOLN , WHO "CH ILD ~ ~ PERSON WHO ISGO ING TO CARRY ON WHAT ~ HAVE .~ GO ING TO S IT WHERE Y• OU ARE S ITT IN G , AND WHEN Y SU ARE GONE , ATTEND TO THOSE TH INGS WH ICH YOU TH INKARE IMPORTANT . YOu MAY ADOPT ALL THE POL IC IES YOU PLEASE , BUT HOW THEY ARE CARR IED OUT DEPENDS ON ASSUME CONTROL OF YOURC IT IES , STATES , AND NAT IONS . H IS GO ING TO TAKE OVER YOUR CHURCHES , SCHOOLS , UN IVERS IT IES , AND CORPORAT IONS . THE FATE OF HUMAN ITY ISIN H IS HANDS . " 0320N /1 -8 �/0 ( ~ ~ -~ ~ ~ v iL ~ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1994-06-07_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech at the Presentation for the 1994 Annual Meeting of the Saginaw Community Foundation Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given June 7, 1994 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the 1994 Annual Meeting of the Saginaw Community Foundation. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan W. K. Kellogg Foundation Charities Speeches, addresses, etc. Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1994-06-07 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/213360f03055c49a7c402c0f79b3061e.pdf d95ac934e90662141dc209a6e039bf93 PDF Text Text "THE WORLD STANDS OUT" COMMENCEMENT ADDRESS BY RUSSELL G. MAWBY, CHAIRMAN W.K. KELLOGG FOUNDATION LANSING COMMUNITY COLLEGE LANSING, MICHIGAN June 7, 1992 It is a pleasure indeed to ~e with you at Lansing Community College for this commencement ceremony. I welcome this opportunity to be on your campus again, continuing a long relationship with the College and its leaders. W;;;. t::JP :£:_";;1.--uJ! - c:.ii- 2-~ ~ ~ ~ .. a- H S t;:}--r , e-W.K. Kellogg Foundation has been p r i vil eoE~ltratSS~~t the College in some of its er-eative ventur.es in , �eciooaflt>''"\ n I commend you for selecting LCC as your college. This institution, soon to be your alma mater, has an excellent reputation ... in our state, nationally, and internationally. You will be proud to join its cadre of graduates. To you who are graduating, I add my congratulations to those already expressed. For each of you, this is an occasion long awaited, one of those instances in life when you have both a sense of satisfaction in past achievements and a special excitement for the future. I feel privileged to be sharing this day with you. I would add a word of congratulations, also, to all of those who have contributed in a significant way to making this day a �3 reality. I think first of parents and families, and in many instances husbands or wives and children who so often have sacrificed and subordinated their personal interests to yours in making it possible for you to study here and who are entitled to a similar sense of prideful satisfaction on this occasion. And I think, also, of all the people who are LCC -- those ~ who have gone before, establishinq, building, and sustaining this institution, and those who currently carry forward this work...trustees, faculty, officers and staff, alumni and friends. Community colleges have been and must continue to be a significant component of our pluralistic system of higher education. Your efforts have made this so -- and �4 will continue to do so in the future. To all of you, I express congratulations and compliments, for you, too, can take pride in this happy occasion. II. I approach my assignment today with the sobering knowledge that not one person came here for the primary purpose of hearing the commencement address. If we are quite honest with each other, each of you has a much more personal -- and more important -- reason for being here. And, in appreciation of that fact, I propose to intrude only briefly upon your time. For those of you who, from force of habit, are taking notes, my entire message �5 can be summarized in two letters: U and R. "U" for understanding; "R" for responsibility. W. K. Kellogg, the founder of the Foundation with which I am associated, was a successful businessman. With only six years of formal education, he started work as a broom salesman and then became the business manager of a hospital in Battle Creek. At age 46, he quit his job and launched the Kellogg Company, manufacturing ready-to-eat breakfast cereals. Late in his life he dedicated his wealth to public benefit through this Foundation. In 1935, when he made the irrevocable transfer of his fortune to the Foundation, �6 he wrote a brief letter in which he concluded, "I am glad that the educational approach has been emphasized. Relief, raiment and shelter are necessary for destitute children, but the greatest good for the greatest number can come only through the education of the child, the parent, the teacher, the family physician, the dentist, the community in general. Education offers the greatest oQPortunity for really improving one generation over another." That Statement is as true today as it was 'five decades ago. Despite all the criticisms and all the .questioning, education is still basic to -- offers the �7 greatest opportunity for -- human progress. And from the standpoint of the individual, education is still the way to a better life. Education -- related to but not synonymous with courses and credits and degrees and credentials; but education -- the inquisitive mind; the mastery of knowledge and skills; a pattern of identifying, assembling, analyzing, thinking, planning ?and doing. For some of you, education beyond high school is a family tradition. Your parents, perhaps your grandparents and great-grandparents and beyond, have been college graduates. Others of you, like myself, are the first of your family to go to college. �8 I fso ,Lan s ingCommun i ty Co l legeha sg i venyouan oppo r tun i ty you rpa ren t sd idno ten jo y . Wha teve r thecase ,a l lo fu s whoa rethebene f ic ia r ieso f h ighe reduca t ionshou ldimpo seuponou rse lvesthe s ta tuso fl i fe longinden tu retorepa ytha t wh i ch ha s beenbes towedandtoen su res im i la rbene f i tsand oppo r tun i t iesfo rtho se who w i l lfo l low . Ou r soc ie ty fi t sins t i tu t ionsand isnowc r i t ica l lyre v iew ing~ o t rad i t ions ,ques t ion ingou rp r io r i t ie sanda l loca t ions o fresou rce s . Suppo r to fedu ca t ion a ta l lle ve l si s be ingcha l lenged . Fo rthef i r s tt imeinre cen t memo ry ,the Ame r i can comm i tmen ttop rov ide educa t iona loppo r tun i t ies-anopendoo r ,w i tha secondchan ce-seem sgenu ine lyendange red . �9 Hopefully you, who are among the privileged to benefit 'from higher education, will be articulate spokesmen and dedicated supporters of education to guarantee comparable opportunities for those who follow. III. As in all other aspects of life, with privilege goes duty, the obligation to be responsible and responsive. Your personal paths and life careers will be varied. Each of you will make your own choice (another American prerogative which few in the world share) -- some will pursue further studies, leading to additional degrees; some will go into business, either self-employed or working with �10 others; others will choose opportunities in the public sector working for governmental agencies at local, state, or national levels; some will dedicate their lives to human service, through their church or nonprofit organizations; still others may elect ultimately to continue the academic life, in research, teaching, or public service. The options are endless. Whatever route you choose, society has high expectations -- a great need -- for your talents. Hopefully, you will be shakers and shapers of a better tomorrow. In that regard I will share with you briefly three specific ideas. But as a preface for �11 those thoughts, it will be useful to put ourselves, our lives, our times into some perspective. Each of us has stashed away in memory certain lines -- of poetry, from literature, passages from the bible -- which have special meaning to us. One such which frequently recurs to me are these lines from Edna S1. Vincent Millay The world stands out on either side No wider than the heart is wide Above the world is stretched the sky, No higher than the soul is high. The heart can push the sea and land Farther away on either hand; The soul can split the sky in two, And let the face of god shine thru. �12 But east and west will pinch the heart That cannot keep them pushed apart; And he whose soul is flat -- the sky Will cave in on him by and by. ~ The world stands out -no wider than the heart is wide. Any reasonable person who reflects thoughtfully on today and tomorrow -- on where mankind is and where we're going -- finds the prospect sobering. Recently I read a disturbingly pessimistic -- but perhaps distressingly realistic -- book, An Inquiry Into The Human Prospect, by Robert L. Heilbroner. Heilbroner suggests that three issues above all others shape the current human predicament. These can be summarized in three words: population, environment, war. ~ _vr--..v, - ~ ~~ ~ ~~~~--- ~. . .. « .... ~~ �13 It would be nice if these were simple, tidy issues that we could deal with forcefully and directly. But we immediately see that they are not simple and neat; they are complex, confounding and compounding, comprehensive, inter-related. One of the dilemmas of the human condition is that the problems which concern us are diffuse, complex, permeating, multi-disciplinary, generalized. Think of any current issue of major significance -- food supply, pollution, health care, unemployment, energy, transportation, the federal budget deficit, education, international trade, the judicial system, rural development, family life, inflation, world peach. Simultaneously, the solutions devised by man are usually specific, simplistic, specialized, narrowly based. Thus, a serious discontinuity exists between the nature of the problems which confront �14 us and the solutions which we contrive for dealing with them. I'll not elaborate on these three issues, simply remind you of them: Population -- a realization that the growth of human population is the principal and most compelling threat to the survival of the species (man); Environment -- a growing appreciation for the fragility of the relationships within the earth's environmental milieu, with an awareness of the mind-boggling consequences of our actions, impulsive or premeditated; and �15 War -- with no better reminder than the words written 350 years ago by John Donne "No man is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main; if a clod be washed away by the sea, Europe is the less, as well as if a promontory were, as well as if a manor of they friends or of thine own were; any man's death diminishes me, because I am involved in mankind; and therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls; it tolls for thee. "No matter how we choose to classify man's concerns, or from what vantage point we elect to view them, ultimately it becomes clear that the quality of life for our generation and those to follow will be determined basically by our progress in �16 improving human relationshiQ..§. For whether we think in terms of the family, our home community, our state or nation, or the world neighborhood, the prime determinant of what life will be like in the years ahead will be a consequence of people's ability to live in harmony, one with another. And the most important decisions confronting us will not be dependent upon our burgeoning technology, but instead will be value- based and value-laden. 'C""" - The only hope for civilized society is that modern man will be more successful than his predecessors in dealing with human aspirations, reflecting contemporary values. Your generation, more than mine, shows promise of having this commitment and capacity. But you have not yet been really tested. �17 The real testing will come in tangible responses to tough alternatives -- for example, in the leadership you provide in preparing the American people to accept a static or declining standard of living in the decades immediately ahead, adopting an entirely new concept of the quality of life, so that the peoples of other parts of the world may benefit more abundantly 'from the earth's finite resources. Will we destroy the environment with our refuse? Will we share our abundance with those less blessed? Will the hungry of the world have food? Your success will be determined not by the elegance of your rhetoric but by the tangible consequences of your economic, social, and political decisions. IV �18 And now, to those three tangible and specfic concerns which I share with you as persons who are the beneficiaries of education, who are committed to knowledge and learning, and who will -- in one role or another -- be shapers of the future. First, the challenge of knowledge utilization, the application of knowledge to problems of people. In most areas of human endeavor, we know better than we do. Whether your career interests be in criminal justice, history, the performing arts, engineering, teaching, business, family life, sociology, health, or what have you, we must somehow mobilize knowledge resources in new and creative ways to deal effectively with human' concerns. In the complex life of today and tomorrow, the resources of anyone discipline, �19 specialty, body of knowledge, or organization are usually inadequate to deal effectively with significant issues. Your generation must pioneer in blending the richness of specialized 'fields of study into more effective patterns for decision and action. Second, the challenge of lifelong learnina.. In the past, life was indeed simpler. My generation could approach life in three neat blocks -- go to school, go to work, out to pasture. Now, for a whole host of reasons, that pattern is rio longer adequate -burgeoning knowledge, the accelerating rate of change, the complexity of issues, the interrelatedness of human experiences. You as educated persons must demonstrate a commitment to lifelong learning, incorporating in your own 'life a continuing interaction between work, family, leisure, �20 and learning ... as many of you already have, in reaching today. And finally, that third challenge, involvement. Effective democracy requires individual involvement. A unique ingredient of our American way of life is volunteerism, those things which individuals do voluntarily, because they want to. Margaret Mead has observed: "We live in a society that always has depended on volunteers of different kinds -- some who can give money, others who give time, and a great many who freely give their special skills, full-time or part-time. If you look closely, you will see that almost anything that really matters to us, anything that embodies our deepest commitment to the way human life should be lived and cared �21 for, depends on some form -- more often many forms -- of volunteerism." This fact gives a distinctively humane quality to life in America. But only if we continue to renew the "Habits of the Heart," to use the title of a recent book by Robert Bellah. Let me suggest to you that the most important way in which your life will be measured ultimately is by the ways in which you spend your discretionary time. To be sure, some time must be spent in hobbies and other forms of relaxation. But let me encourage you to spend as much of it as you can in paying back the society that already has given so much to you. Your career field needs you, beyond the mandate of the job, to raise the level of performance and ethics. Your community needs you, to serve on nonprofit boards and in other ways to contribute to bettering �22 the human condition. Your nation needs you, to fill positions of public trust. I hope that you will quickly begin to repay your "debt to society." I will guarantee that this paradox is true: the more you give, the more you get. And the more you give, the more successful you will become. By your constructive involvement, both you and society will benefit. While the prospects of an unknown 'future may be somber, the challenge -- and the potential -- of tomorrow are as demanding and as exhilarating as ever. In an age when bigness and complexity seem characteristic, it's important to maintain a proper perspective. When the realities of the everyday world seem almost overwhelming, lfind the following a useful reminder: �23 I am only one, but I am one; I can't do everything, but I can do something; And what I can do, I ought to do; And what I ought to do, by the grace of God, I will do. In too many facets of our lives, both individually and as a nation, we seem to have lost something of our sense of purpose, our self-confidence, our direction, our faith and commitment. -To the extent this be true, it can be remedied only by the deeds of individuals who -- in whatever their role and in every dimension of life -- understand and respond. It's not enough to understand or know; we must also do. If each of us will do what we can do and ought to do, we will indeed be serving man's higher purpose. �24 To each of you in this class of 1992, Godspeed in your career and -- more importantly -- in your personal life. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1992-06-07_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech, The World Stands Out Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given June 7, 1992 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Lansing Community College commencement. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan W. K. Kellogg Foundation Charities Speeches, addresses, etc. Education Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1992-06-07 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/5de944b02233b2aa96a0289fee5df84f.pdf 79118b96c21f7a8ed69717041cb216c2 PDF Text Text "Ox Yokes and Whippletrees" Keynote Remarks Dr. Russell G. Mawby Chairman and Chief Executive Officer W~ K. Kellogg Foundation Battle Creek Investment Growth Corporation Second Annual Fund Breakfast June 6, 1984 Thank you, Dale. I am particularly pleased to be here this morning, and to be part of this, the Second Annual Breakfast focusing on the economic future of greater Battle Creek. Its simply great to look out in the audience this morning and see many of this city's best friends and most spirited leaders. Your energies and actions have helped Battle Creek to reach a number of its most challenging goals in recent years. For that we all owe a debt of gratitude. �Isn't it also great to see the new spirit of progress and achievement in our community? Parking this morning may have been somewhat of a problem for us ... but what a change we are going to see in the downtown over the next two years! * A new five-deck public parking structure convenient to the Michigan Mall and to McCamly Square. * The new Kellogg Corporate headquarters building. * Downtown redevelopment efforts involving the Michigan Mall, the linear park, new restaurants, and, hopefully, new businesses. You should all take pride in the fact that we haven't let our downtown die ... in the recognition backed by commitment ... public and private ... that a community needs a l1heartl1, or a center, in order to perceive itself as an entity. We are going to have quite a different downtown than we have had in the past, but it will be even more vibrant, and even more central to the future of greater Battle Creek than it ever has before. 2 �We know that the challenges are not over for Battle Creek. We still have a 13 percent unemployment rate in our community -one of the highest in Michigan in spite of the turnaround in the automobile industry. We continue to face the crucial challenge of diversifying our local economic base ... of drawing more and different industries to our community; of creating new jobs ... and jobs that offer good salaries and working conditions. We continue to face the challenge of improving educational opportunities for our citizens, and for opening up both employment and social advancement opportunities for all residents of Battle Creek. These are facts and needs. Each of you, each day, must be a pragmatist as you fulfill your busin ess and civic leadership roles in Battle Creek. But you've reached your leadership position by not being a "gloom and doomer". Its always easier to grumble than to roll up the shirt sleeves and go to 3 �work on problems. down by Hark Twain: It puts me in mind of the good advice handed "Lord save us all from a hope tree that has lost the faculty of putting out blossoms." I don't believe there are any gloom and doomers in this room this morning! I've been asked to talk briefly about economic development as it relates to the Kellogg Foundation and Battle Creek. I am firmly convinced that any foundation's initiatives are important only in the context of their synergism with people and other organizations. By that, I mean that the grantmaking of foundations in economic development, or in almost any other area of social need, finds its greatest worth when it is a collaborative undertaking that iqvolves others -- other sources of funds, as well as active participation by business and civic organizations, individuals, and government. 4 �Some people think that foundations make their programming decisions in isolation ... in a sort of rarified atmosphere, remote from the world, almost supernatural in their approach. I don't know any that work that way. We don't at Kellogg. And we all know that "supernatural" is only the natural not yet explained. Perhaps there is even less clarity about how private philanthropy, private foundations, relate to the host of economic development issues and problems which face Michigan and Battle Creek. Private foundations in Michigan have had a major role in statewide economic development initiatives over the past four or five years. The Kellogg Foundation, along with the Mott Foundation of Flint, has been a leading partner in collaborative economic development initiatives at state and local levels. 5 �Let me mention a few examples of Kellogg involvement in economic development. * The Industrial Technology Institute in Ann Arbor. Our foundation has targeted up to 40 million dollars to the Industrial Technology Institute which is a pioneering effort to bring together the research capabilities of our sup erb institutions of higher education, in this case under the leadership of the University of Michigan, to address long term employment opportunities in the automated production systems area. The ITI is pooling contributions of university research, industry's facilities, and gov ernment and private sector support to make Michigan the geographic center of robotics technology during the decades of the 1980s and beyond. The goal is to develop such technology that will lead to related industry and jobs in our state. 6 �*Th eM i ch ig an B i o t e c h n o l o g yI n s t i t u t ei nE a s tL a n s i n g . Th e MB I i sa som ewh a ts im i l a re f f o r t . I t sp u r p o s ei st op o o lt h e r e s e a r c hs t r e n g t h si nt h eb i o s c i e n c e s ,i nt h i si n s t a n c eu n d e r t h el e a d e r s h i po fM i ch ig an S t a t eU n i v e r s i t y , p a r t i c u l a r l ya s s u c hr e s e a r c hw i l l l e a dt on ew i n d u s t r yand j o b sr e l a t e dt ot h e p r o d u c t i o no f food and f o r e s t r yp r o d u c t si nM i c h i g a n . Th eM i c h i g a n I n v e s tm e n tFund . C r e a t e dt h r o u g hs u p p o r tf rom t h eK e l l o g g , Mo t t and Dow F o u n d a t i o n s , and w i t hm a jo r i n v e s tm e n t sby t h es t a t et h r o u g hi t sp e n s i o n fund d o l l a r s ,t h e M i c h i g a n I n v e s tm e n tFund i sv e r ys p e c i a l . I ti sa fund t o p r o v i d ev e n t u r ec a p i t a lf o rn ew ,h i g hg row th i n d u s t r y . S i n c e l a s tNov emb e r , t h efund h a si n v e s t e di ns e v e nh i g hg row th comp an i e s and h a s 38 o t h e rp o t e n t i a li n d u s t r i e su n d e r c o n s i d e r a t i o n . *Th eE conom i cA l l i a n c e f o r~ T h i si san e f f o r t , u n i q u ei ni t sc om p o s i t i o n ,i n v o l v i n gl a b o rand b u s i n e s sl e a d e r s s t a t ew i d et oex am in ek ey s t a t ee conom i cp r o b l em s . T h i ss u p e r b 7 �group of solution finders, operating on a voluntary basis, is helping Michigan to design ways that the state, business, and labor can work together to solve issues of mutual concern. Looking now to the local scene. The same set of measurements, involving collaborative funding, and collaborative targeting of talent and other human resources, is also very much in evidence right here in Battle Creek. And that is true whether one is talking about specific economic development efforts, or the types of educational and recreational improvements which will result in work experience for youth, a better educated and trained future work force, and those which make Battle Creek a more attractive community in which to live and invite guests, and new industry. Let me remind you of a few examples. 8 �*The summer youth employment programs over the past three years which have involved the funding of Kellogg and other area foundations, the cooperation of businesses to provide jobs, help of local schools to off er gu i d a nc e and counseling for the young workers, and the assistance of youth serving agencies to coordinate the many employment-related activities. There also is an exceptional range of educationally oriented initiatives which have blossomed during the past two years. They include the recent "Excellence in Education" day held here in Stouffer's Branson Ballroom just two weeks ago. It was a day devoted to recognizing the academic achievement of seniors from all eight area public and private school systems. Other academically grounded projects have included summer programs for the gifted and talented; computer camps for youngsters; related training for school teachers in science and math; and 9 �the list goes on and on. All of these will eventually result in better educated, more skilled workers for local business and industry. We also now see the new Linear Park System becoming a reality ... physically linking the new Battle Creek in a 28-mile system that will be a tremendous recreational resource for all of us ... from walkers to joggers, senior citizens to winter skiiers. The Park, more importantly, is being developed with funding from the Kellogg Foundation, the state of Michigan Land Trust, and the City of Battle Creek. It also will involve the cooperation of scores of area nonprofit service organizations to help "adopt" and maintain portions of the park ... And, again, there is the provision of summer jobs for hundreds of area youth, the chance for young people to actually work on construction of the park system during the next three years. 10 �I might also mention the phenomenal development of the Binder Park Zoo as an area recreational and education facility and outreach effort. The Zoo's growth has been made possible only through the collaborative, combined efforts of area business, industry, foundations, and most importantly, volunteers who have served countless hours as board members and as educational docents for the zoo's programs. As the zoo further develops its animal exhibits during the immediate years ahead, area youths also will be employed in zoo construction activities. These recreational efforts will make Battle Creek an exciting and fun community in which to live and work. Through these examples, I believe it is also clear that the Kellogg Foundation has backed up its belief in a collaborative approach to development efforts -- statewide and locally. 11 �As I mentioned earlier, any attempt to better the quality of life -- whether in Battle Creek or Michigan or elsewhere -begins with the involvement and commitment of people ... and with the collaboration, or synergism of businesses, civic groups, labor groups, industries, and citizen leaders all working together. You know, I have a pair of oxen, -- steers trained as the draft animal in pioneer America. Conscious of the pair's historic roots, I named them Yankee and Doodle and they drive to oral commands only, as they should. With oxen, we use the yoke to transform their strength to useful energy. harness, whippletrees and eveners. working together, can do the job. With horses, it's A well-trained team, But if they are not together when they hit the yoke or collars, they'll work against each other, with disastrous results. 12 �The uniqueness and the success of the Economic Development Fund has been its emphasis on the team approach in harnessing the power and the potential of local institutional and individual citizen partnership for solution of Battle Creek's economic diversification problems. The approach is as old as the use of ox yokes and whippletrees in America. It is also as relevant and as challenging as anything facing our community today, and the longer term needs of the 1980s and beyond. That is the key. LONG TERM NEEDS. All of us here today, must ask ourselves what kind of future we want for Battle Creek in 1990 and beyond? What kind of job opportunities do we want available for our children and our grandchildren? community of growth and progress? Do we want a Of excellent schools, government services, recreational facilities, civic and cultural institutions and activities? 13 �I think we know what we want ... for ourselves, for our future, for our children, for our community. this morning. That's why we are here To step up to the challenge of keeping Battle Creek moving ahead. To pledge our commitment of personal or business financial support in 1984 to the Economic Development Fund, and to the types of job creation and job retention projects which it has already funded so successfully in its first year of operation. The Kellogg Foundation intends to accept its part of that community challenge and responsibility. Toward that end, I am pleased to announce today that each year for the next five years, contingent on the fund's projects successfully increasing the number of local jobs and new firms in our community, the Kellogg Foundation will match other local contributions by business, industry, individuals and foundations to the economic development fund up to a total match of $2.4 million. 14 �We b e l i e v es t r o n g l yi nB a t t l eC r e e k ' sf u t u r e . And w eh av e f a i t ht h a ta l lo f ~ a si n d i v i d u a l sand a sc i v i c and b u s i n e s s l e a d e r s ,b e l i e v ei nB a t t l eC r e ek and w i l l b ew i l l i n g t oi n v e s t i ni t sf u t u r ea sw e l l . So ,D a l e , I am p l e a s e dt op r e s e n tt oyou ,a sp r e s i d e n to ft h e B a t t l eC r e ek I n v e s tm e n tG row th C o r p o r a t i o n , ac h e c ki nt h e amoun to f$ 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 . T h i sr e p r e s e n t sa K e l l o g g F o u n d a t i o nm a t ch o fl o c a l ,c i v i c , and b u s i n e s sc o n t r i b u t i o n st ot h ee conom i c d e v e l o pm e n t funo f o rt h i sp a s ty e a ro f som e$ 5 8 0 , 0 0 0 ,p l u sa b i to fi n c e n t i v ef o rt h ey e a r ah e ad ! 6 / 5 / 8 4 c l j 0 0 2 2N 15 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1984-06-06_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech, Ox Yokes and Whippletrees Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given June 6, 1984 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Second Annual Fund breakfast for the Battle Creek Invenstment Growth Corporation. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan W. K. Kellogg Foundation Charities Speeches, addresses, etc. Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1984-06-06 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/aa59648dc6f0b0471134644b3798ac3e.pdf 976017258f63f9f69d811db2276ddea5 PDF Text Text EDUCATIONAL PRO RAMS R TOMORRaT' S A · I CULTURE Russell r. . Me. by Vice Pre i dent - Pro ama W. K. K ~llo ~o undat i o n J we 5, 1966 To b you f or t hi s openi i nar ses s i on i s or person 1 ple ure d rofe ssion pr ivileg . Cert i nly i n r i cultur 1 c i r cl s no topic is ore timely th n th t t o lhich this Semin is dir ected . In as s as in r he r icultural s een , both do estically nd i nt rnationally, the st r ngth nin of educ tion 1 ro ams for i cul t ur to ay nd pr i or i ty challen e . tomor.o.l i s In r ec ent months I have had quent contact with Dr . Fr eh , di cuss ing mut ual i nt r es t s relatin to chnical ed ucati on in agri cul t ure . I had r .ad the SUIIIr.l y Paper and Proeee in 'S a 1 st ye ar 's Seminar in rhi ch ny of you rt ci p te . An you lOW, our Foundat i on ha prior ity ro inter at~ i n i cult ure and i n educ at ion . Mos t r cent ly have been particul rly i nter nt ed i n '~e clmic 1 ducati on &1d in t he c unity colle e d commitm nt mov ment e Ther e or , both 'bec u e of my er s onal background and bec us e of our Foundati on inter t , i t wa s i nevitabl that lhen Vern cont ct ed m I could not resi t t he 0 portuni ty to be with you on t hi s occ i on . My only re et is th t hi l e I had originally intend d t o b here t hro h t h ull S minar schedule , recent de Y 10 ents make it nec e sary f or m to mis all but t he e ly portion of t he Seminar pr o l' B a s ur d , how v 1', that I ill wa i t ith inter e t t he Pr ceedi ngs of your full d liber ations . At t he out s t I ould shar with you t he word of co endat i on I h v al ready expresse to your Plann i n~ C i ttee. 'irst, I r e seJ wi v1 de available t he 1 alth 0 opportuniti e no... or in the pr ocess of b e Inz to youn ople in Minne sota i t r e t ed in a ricultur. Representation i n t his S i nar is t he most obviou evidence of i nter st an concern f or r icult 301 educat i on with t h secondary educational 3YD~ , ax a vocat 'onal-technical s chool s , j uni or colleges, t he Univers ity of Minn s ot 3.,bus in ss and indu try , and arm i nterests 11 t i cipa ting . In few tat s could such a rang of entities i nter sted in icul t ural educ ation be i dent i fi ed . Second nd most s igni icant, and t he t uly unique characteri stic of thi meeting , is t hat r epre s entatives of all t he se int re sted ntities are meet in her e together to lork to I'd the mos t e ffecti v d ef f i cient pattern for use of source t o t h common go 10 1m roved technical educat i on pro r ams for a i cult ure . To my knowl dge nowhere els e ha s such ee ting tOGet her been a cc li sh d to t he de ee you have been ucc e s sful i n s o doing i n your S i nar I n t year and i n t his ~ sion just convenin . My compl_ ents to you u on thi s s i gni ficant stc . Fro your r i nted pr ogr am , t he urpose of t hi Seminar as s ecifi ed by yo Planni ng Commi t t ee i s t o provide bett er understandin of t he phi l os ophy, or "an i zat i on and cont nt of area vocat ional- technica sc hool and junior �- 2- c o lleg ep ro am sin ic u l t u r andth Uni v e r s i ty0 Minn e s o t atechn ic i a n p ro g r am si n r i c u l t u r e ,toi d en t i fYt h ec l i e nt e l es e rv ed byth e s ep ro a tington e ed s , coo r d in a ti o n , sh a r ede fo r t a n dtofo cu so nq u etio n sr l a n dmutu a l s s i s t a n c ea si t app li e st ot h e se p rog r am s . Th u sap t i c u l fo cu si nt h e s etwo d ay sw il l b eu pont h ea g r i c u l t u r a ledu c a t i onco n tribu tion s r e av o c a ti o n a lte c hn ic a l schoo l sandjun io r co ll e g e s. Th i s ph a s i s is o fa p a r t i c u l a r l ya p p ro p r i a t ei nli g h to ftherepo r t, "T e chnol o gyandt h eAme r ic an E co n om y, "i s s u edin F e b ru a rybyt h eN a t ion a lCommis s i onon T e chno l ogy , Au tom a tio na n dE c o nom i cP ro e s s. Ini t sd i s cu ss i on o fedu c a t i onand a i n i n ga i t re la t e sto a c i l i t t i n gad ju s tmen tto ch ang e ,t h e Comm i s s ion tr l u d e st h efo l l ow i n gre c o end t i on s : in c A. "Fo r m o s t sec ond a ry ~i ol pup lLs, vo ca tion a ltr a i n i n gsh ou ld be d e f erre d un ti f t e rh igh c hoo l. Th eh ighs ch oo l ssho u ld em p h a s izeb r o adg en er a l duc at i on i nl ang u eand l i t e r a t u r e , a th em at i c sa n d sci en c e ,hi s t o ryandso c i a ls t udi e sand t h e a r t s. T h e s e SU b jec t sa r e nes s en tia lfound a t i onno to n lyfo r s o n a ld ev e lo pm e n tandc it i z en sh ip , bu ta l sofo rmo s t voc a t ion s . p er a le du c a t i o ni se se c ial l yn ece s s a ryinarap i d l y ch ang ing G e n er eco n om y inwhic hv e r sa til i tyandf l e x i b i l i t ya r ea ta p r em i um. . • B. "An a t i o nw i d e sy s temo ffr e ep u b l i cedu ca t i ont h roughtwo y e a r sb e yo n dh ighs ch oo l (g r ad e 14 )s hou l db ee s t a b l i s h e d. T h ek eyin st i t u tio n w o u ldb ea r e ate ch n i ca l c o ~ and c omm u n i t yco ll eg e s . T h epub l i cvo c a t ion a lt e c hn i ca ls c hoo ls w ou ldp ro v i d et r a i n i ngint r a d es ,t e chn ic a landbus in e ss t ion sa tt h es k i l l ed w o rk e rle v e l. Th eco mmun i ty c o l l eg e s o c cu pa w ou ldp rov id e ib er a ledu c a t i ona swe l la ste chn i c a landsemif e s s i on a ltr a i n i n g . Th et wo typ e s0 scho o l sm igh t in m any p ro i n s t a n c e sb em erg edi n toa~o u n i t yedu c a t i onc en t e ro f f e r ing thath e o r e t i c a lf ' ound a t .L ono ftr ad e ,t e chn i c a land bu sin e s s bo o c cu p a ti o n sa n dt h eo ppo r tun i tytoI e a rnbydoing 'whi l e pu r su ingl i be r a l duc a t i ono rs em i-p ro f e s s i on a ltrin ing • . • " rv a ti o n s A s sump t io n sa n dO b se B e c aus eyoua r ea sc onv e r sa n ta sI o nt h etop ic ,i t s e em s unn e c e s s a ryfo r ti nanyde t a i lo ng en e r a l asp ec ts o ft h es i t u a t i onr e ga r d ing m etocommen a g r i c u l t u r ea n da g r i c u l t u r a ledu c a t i on . It h e r e f o r em o v eforw a rda s sum ing t h e r ei sg e ner a lar e e m en t amongu so nth efo l low in a t i on a l,te chn i c a lo r em i -p ro f es s i on a l( l e ssth an A. V oc b a cc a l a u r e a t ed e e e) educ a t i on a lop por t un i tie si naril t u r ea r eu r g en tl yned ed , cu B. Ap er s o n a la n do cc upt i oa l comm i tm en tt ocon t inU ing e du c a t i o no r un end ingle a r n ingis i n c r e a s i n g l yn e c e s s a ry i nou r so c i e t y ,a n d t i cch a ng e sc h a r a c t e r i Z ing agr i c u l tu r e int h el a s t C . T h ed r ama d ec a de w i llb eo ve r sh ad owedby d ev e lopm en t si nth ed ec ad e s ed ia te l y e ad. �- 3T h er ee em non e edtoe l ab o rt eth e s epoi n t s ,b u tI u ldm ak efou rb r ie f ob se rv a ti o n sr ear d l t h e ri c u l tu ra lse t t n tod ay : u r r en ts i t u a t i o nandth ink ingr e g a r d in t h ew or l dfood 1. T h ec supp lya n d popu ltionh a imp l i ct i on sfo r Amer i c an ic u lr o fw h ich l esh ou ldbe v e rycon s ciou s . Is en s ea tu r a rkb l e ch an g ei nth ea t t i t ud e , th emor a l e ,th et po o f er i c a n ri c u l tu r a l is tsi nt h el a s tt e ntotw e l v e th s ,i npa r tb e c au s eo fd eve l o pm en t sr e la tedt oth i s mon i s s u e . a de r s dd ec i s i o nm a k er sin r i cu l tu r ear eb e com in gm o re 2. Le d i s cr im in a t i n gint h e ir t h i n k i ngand pl ann ingre la tiv eto p r o b l em so fru r a lp e opl e dcommun i t ie sand p r o b l so f c i a la i c u l t e . Th i si sah e a l thyd ev e lopme n t. c o r 3. app e a rtob ei n c ra s i n g l ycon ce r n ed i nt h i ss o c i e t yw it h em a n n e ro fliv ingo rth eqUa l i ty o fli f e ,sp e c i f i c a l l yin t h o f re o fre fe r e n c h e rea si t re l a te tor u r a lp eopl e . to f "s t a nd a r do fliv ing"is nolong e r ad e qu a t eto T h ec on ep e xp res sou ra s p i r a t ion s . 4. fh i l ew ere co g n iz et h a tt h ech ange so ft h i sn ex t de ~ ade w i ll b ed r am at i cin d e edi na i c u l t u re ,i t w o u ld se prop r ia te h a tp r ob ab lyou rp ro j ec t i on sa r econ s e r v at i v e . to ob se rv et p l e ,M i ch ig a nS tt eUn i v er s i t y ' s Co l l eg eo fAgr i c u l t u re F o r exam h a sbee ne o ssedi n"P ro j e c t '80 , 11 p ro jc ti o no f 'M i c h ig an A i c u l tu ret ot h ey ea r1980 . Amongt h ep ro j ec t i on si sa dow nw a r dtre n dind a i r ycownumber s . Inv i s i t i nw i th an Ex t en s io nda i r ym a nju s t 1s te ek, h ei n d i c a t edt h a tifd a i r y cown umbe r'" c on tin u etod e c l ie i nth en ex tth r e ey e a r sa tt h e s am era te sl a s ty e a r ,th ecown um b er f i g u r ep ro jec t edfo r i l lc tu a l l yb ere a ch edby1970 . 1 9 8 0w a. i o n a l l yi t se em st ht e u su a l l ya r eno t1m i n a t i v eo r A d d it d a ringe no u g hi nou rt h oug h t sr g a rd ingth ef u tu r e. U su a l l y p ro j e c t i o n st endt od ea lon l yw i th qUa l i ta ti v eo rqua n t i ta tiv e ntr a d i t i on a l co mmod i tie so r en te r i s e s ,ye tth e re ch a ng i s u r c et h a t su chw i l l pr e v a il . Ag a inu s ingt h e a nbe no s da i r yi n du s t r y sa n ex p I e ,t h e rei sm u ch ev idn c eto sug e s tt tth e da i r ycowm igh tb ec omee co nom i c a l lyob so lt e b ythey ea r2 ,000. Ifsu chshou ld oc cu r,r a t h e r a jo r adj u s t e n t sw il l be nc e s s a ryint h e ricu l tu r eo fa t t elik e M i n n e so t a. s tt h i sb a c k d rop ,l e tu s now look m o r es p e c i f i c a l l y t I1Edu c a t ion a l Ag a in P ro sfo rT omor r ow ' s r icu lt u r e ." L e tu s con s ide rf i r s tth e edu ca tion a l n e ed so ft h o see n g e di nf • p rod u c t ionpr s e , andth ent h o se i nt h einpu t a n d ou tpu t indu s t ri e sre la tedtofrm ing . �-4~ Edu c a tionf o rF m i n g P r o j e c t i o n so ff a rm e rn um b e r sc o n s i s t e n t l yi n d i c a t ea dovnv a rdtr end ' .I n o n ea tt e ,f o rex amp l e , wh e r e9 3 ,000 f a rm e r sw e r erepo r ted i nt h e1965 c en su so f i c u l t u r e ,t h epr o jc t i o ni st h a ton lyl ~ i l l b ef a rm in g i n19 8 0 . I am s u r yo uh av e u chp r o j e c t i o n sf o rth eM inn e so t a s i t u a t ion. e r t i n e n tqu e s t ionth enf o rtho s eo fu s con c e rn edw i th ricu l tu r a l Ap edu c a t ioni s~ o w i l lb et h e40 ,000 f a rm e r sa c t u a l l yf a rm in gfo u r t een y e a r sh en c e? Ist h e r eanyw ayin h ich th eyc a nb ei d e n t i f i edn ow sot h a t edu c a t i o n a lp ro sm sc b ed e s in edwhi c hw i ll b eo fm ax imum b e n e f i tt o " Conv er s e l y ,o fcou r s e , emu s tb econ c e rn ededu c a ti o n a l l yw i th t h? tho s enow f a rm in o rw h oh a ve i n t e n t ion st of a rmw ho wi l l no tbe i nt h i 40 ,0 0 0 o u pa d ec a d n da ha l ff r o now. B u tt ot h ep o i n to ft h e"4 0 ,000f a rm e r s , "w e doknowcr ta inth in· s . F o r l e ,i ts e em sf a i rt oa s sum et htmo s to ft h e40 ,000a ra l r e ady a rm in g e x p i l l 1ml yb ef o u r t e e ny e a r so ld e r andfou r t e eny a r smor eexp e r i en c ed a n dw i n1 98 0 . T h es i g ni f i cn tpo in tf romou rs t andpo i n tint h i sS em in a ri s'fu a t edu c a t i o n a lin f lu en c e swi l l b er e f l e c t e dint h e i rf a rm in gop e ra t i o n sand sp e c t so ft h e i rl i v e s ? " o th e ra B eyon dth i s ,w ek n owt t o ft h em emb er so ft h i s1980 g rou p ,tho s e no tn ow a rm inga r el i k e l ytob e son so ff e r swho a r ef a rm in a tp r e s e n t. Th i s (f d o u b l e b a r r e l e d c o n c e r n e d u c a t i o n a l l y . F i r s t , s t u d i e s c o n s i s t en tly s g e s tsa i n d i c a t et h a tf . P e n t st endtoa t t a chl e s simpo r t a n c et oedu c a t io nf o r t h e i ry o u ngt e r sth andon o n -a rmpa r e n t s. Th i ss e em st ob ep a r t i c u l a r l y t r u ei f t h ef a rmso n sh av ei n t e n t i on stof a rm . S econd ly,s t ud i e s aa i n co n s i s t e n t l ys howt h a tboy s who pl a nt of a rmf e e lt h a tedu c a t ionbeyond h ig hs choo li sre lti v e l yu n impo r t a n tandh av e lowredu c a t i o n a la s p i r a t i o n s th and of a rmb oy sw i th o th e ro c cup a t ion a l l an s . Th i s duos i t u a t i o np r e s e n t s a no b viou sch a l l eng et ot h o s eo fu si na i c u l t u r a ledu c a t ion . L ook in n owtoe d u c a t i o n a lp ro aIDS fo rth i s"1980f e r " g rou p ,I wou ld sugg e s tedu c a t ion a lp ro 3mS o r i e n t e dtoa tleas tt h r e es i g n i f i c a n tf a rm e r r o le s . F i r s t ,mo s tobv iou sl y ,i sth er o l ea sf a rmop e r a to r. Con t i nu ingp ro e s s i nt e chno lo g yw i l l req u ireim ag int i v eedu c a t ion a lp ro g r am st oa ccomp l i s h a p p l i c a t i o ni nc omm e r c i a lf a rm in gen t e rp r i s e s .L a rg es c a l e ,h i g h l y sp e c il i z e den t e rp ri s e se i t h e ra s t o t a lf a rmop er a t i o no ra sap a r t o fal a r g e rf a rmu n i t su gg e s tth en e ed for s p e c i a l i z e dtr a i n i n gbo thf o rth e e rt o r dfo rf a rm o rk er s . Th ep a t t e r na l r e adyev i d en ti ns om e f a rmop l a r g ef in gen t e rp ri s e sw ou l d su gg es tt h en e ed f o rh i gh ly s p e c i a l i z e d p e r sonn e l ,j u s ta si si n c r e a s i nlyc h a r a c t e r i s t i co f bu sin e s sandindu s t r y . As e co n dcr i t i c a le d u cti o n a ln e edo ffa rmop e r a to r s ,o fcou r s e ,i sfo r n ttri n i n. I ti sapp a r en tt h a tt h e1980f e rw i l lb eas k i ll e d m a n eme m a n a g e d e a lingw i th f a rma c coun t sandbu s in e s sm an em en t ,h and ling m on ey i t ,d e t e rmi n i n gth er e l a t i v ep rofi t a b i l i t yo fv a r iou s en t e rpi s e s , a n dc rd c om b in ing n da d j u s t i n gre sou rc ein pu ts ,m an a g in g op er a t i o n sfort a x �- 5oa s , t c .W I l i l i t my no tb p roe rt ot h i n ko ft h 1980 f a rm o pe rto r 8 'T h i t co l la rwo rk e r ,p e r p sw i thou t n ck t l ,i tdo e ss e impo r t an tt oh av e in ind eo f f in1 980 pp ror i a t e t oth ~cal o fe n t e r p r i s e rt i o n re t e r i z esu c cs s f u l c ci a lf e r s tt h a t im e . Th e0 r h l em anu f a c tu r in o rrt l l i n o p e r a t i o nw o u ldno t run n in u sh in ab ro As c o nd s i iI c tr o l et o duc a tlo n a l r o s~ ould b d irec ted ~ t to fc un i ty t ot h ei n c r ea i con c e rnfo r u a l i t y0 r u r a ll i f• l o c a t e dinp ro x i t yt ou rb a n th q d t r o p o l i t a na r s, so f u rb ant z in s :so c i e t y ' l u a l l ya v a i lb l , et o r e s i d en t s . H or ev e r , h en f in i~ c odu c tdi ns p a r s e l ypo pu l a td , ev en opu l a t i o nd e l i n i ng e i n e v i t a b l yi st r u in 1Y i t c e s,s p e c i a lcon si d e rt i o nmu s tb e iv en t op rov idin t h ee l en t s h i chcont i t u t th e "00 l i f e "tod ay . T h i , I u r e ,i st r u ein o fM inn e o t jut i t isin anya r e a so f th ra tPl a i n s . H ow i nu ch s it u a t ionc anedu ct i o n a ! , ha l th , o c i a l, p r o t e c t i v e ,s e r v i e, c u l t u r oppo r tun i ti sb m ad e vi la b l. S t u d i e s ou l ds g t q u i t e conv in c ing l ytht r u r a lc un iti sin g enr a la r e " d i s a dv an t e d "a sr ea rd st h es in if ican te l em en t rl a t e dt ot h equ al i t y o fh um a n life . F a rmp eop l e sho db e e n s i t i vt ot h i ssi t u a t i o nand p e dt ocop ew i th i t e c t i vl y . q ui F ina l ly ,I u ld su g gs t ro r e l a t e dtot hs i gni f i cn t r o lo ff p eop l ea sf a rm spo k i teapp rop r i a t e l yth e spok e sen o rAme ric anf i nw i l lb A st h e so c io e conom i c -o l i t i c a l s cn e con t' nu e st oc h inth u r b i z i n ro c e s,80 f S o k e en m us t lsoc ng e , E c o n om i c row t hand r i c u l t u r e ' 8 p lc w it h ini t , sh i : f ' t ing popu l a t iona ndI b o rfo r c eptte rn s ,rea p o r ti o nm en to f 1g il a t u r e s , i n t e r r e l a t i o n s h ip so fth eo r l dcommun i ty -t h e s eando th c dv elopm en t s a l lh v s i g ni f i c a n c ef o r p op l c. P r o fso rT . W .S ch u l t z ,r e n ow nd s t tth eUn iv e r si t y 0 Ch i c 0 ,h a s ob s e rv ed"F a rm eop l eand e con.i t h e i rl ed e r sa r eno t1 n nr a lconv e r s t w i t ht h id eas ,th eph i lo soph i c1 b a s i sa n dh i s t o ri c a l ro cs s3 t ta r ep a r t ndp a r c e l0 th u rb n i z a t i o n a n di n d u s t r i a l i zt i o no fw hi c h od e rn r i c u l t u r ei sanl n t a l a r t . T h c i e n t i f i ea n dt e c hno log i c1knov l . ed e und e r ly in. mod e rn i c u l t u r e i s 1 1 und e r s toodbyf a r .mp eop l e ,b u tt h echng ings o c i a l conom i c f r cw o r ki ss t i l l1 g el yi nth ere a lmo fmy th ." D. J s T . Bonn en , r i c u l t u r a leCvnom i s ta tM ich i an S t a t eUni v e r s i t yand r e c en t mb e ro f t h eP rs i dn t's Coun c i lo f 'E conom i cAdv iso rs ,h a s summ a r i z edth es i t u a t i o n inth i sv my: " I nmy op in ion ,fou r se ts o ff a c t sdom in a t e any r e a l i s t i c d e s c r i p t i o no ft h es en ei n r i c u l t u r etod ay : " 1 . T h ow e rs t r u c t u r eo ft h i sso c it yhsb e ent r an s fo rm ed nd th ep o l i t i c a l1 e rsh ipo f i c u l t u r ehs the rno taw ak e n ed i sf a c to r ,t r pedby i t sownmy tho lo i e si su n a b l , v en toth unw i l l ing ,t o dp to ran i z a t i o n ,p o l i c i e s ndt c t i c st ob e f e c t i v ei nth en e o l i t i c r el i t y . �-6"2 . T h ec r c i1 r i c u l t u r a1 owe rs t r u c t u r e h rech eda s t at e o re ) . tr m o r i zt i on a lf ' r e n t a t i on , and i t s1adrsh1p i s so n o ss di ni n t rnc in ea r fr et h a tth e en t ede1 emn t a o comm e r c i a l i c ut t h es1v e scon t r ibu ting e a tl yto lr o s io no ft h e0 t i c a l ow e r ,h ich t oe t hrthe x e r t. e nra 11 " 3. Theunder l y i n gwb 0 i n t e r d ep end en tco mm e r ci a l , ov e r nm en ta l , l i ti c a1 n d d uc a t i on a lo r iz a t i o n si nt h ese r v i c eo f io c u l t u ra r c h ning dno10ne ra r ea se r fc t i v eas on c thy r i ni dni f y i n dso lv ingth e ro b 1 es o fru r 1 ie . T h e0 a n i z a t i o n syt i n i c u l t u r eisb e com in s o c i a l l y d i s f u n c t l on a l " 4 . 11 thf ew x c e p t i o n ,i nany d i r e c t i onyoulook ,t h e re r i ing l e v e lo fc onf l i c t,t e n s i o n ,and m oun t i n gev i d en c o f ha tc an on lybe, d e sc ribeda sa aec t a c u l a rf a i l u r e0 l e ad e r s h i p . T h a t i o no fi n d i v idu a l Tho now t h eu eo r i z a t i on s dono t n er u n d e rt andt h e i rd ep en enc on u ponano t h er ,no rdoth ey e rc e i t hc i ns it u a t i ono ft h e ir s ist e ri n s t i t u tion s 1 1enoug h tobea b l tor e l a teth s 1 s i na m ann e rt h a t vo id s e s s a ryc on f li c t. Th eya r et h u led i n t om u t u a l l ysI f u n n ec e sru c tiv p a t t e r n so fbeh vi o r . " T h e x t e n tt o hi c hu c ha s i t u a t i o neist si sin en s nindi c tm e n t0 eu ct o ni n i c u l t u r ei nth e p t andan o bv iou sc l eng tod ay d r r o. t o E d u ctio n Lt u t u r nou ra t t e nt i o nn o tot h ea i c u l t u r a lyrel a t do c cua t i on o f t h einp u t d ou tu t in du st r ia i l l t e dw i th ing . Som e u ch i o n s o u ld u g gs tth eh e lfu lnes o ffa rmb a ckro u nd ,o t h e r no t, o c cu t a l t h o u g hth e gn er a lt endn e yi n i c u l t u r a lc i rc l e si sto e ltht o n l y t h o s ew i th f o r ic u l t u r a lb a r o und sc an fun c t ione f f ec t i v el yi n ic u l tu r lyr e la te o ecu t i o n . I sugg e s tt h i si atr a d i t i o n a lb is ehs h ou ldb eo v e reom . wi A s w lo o k tt e c l lD i e e du et i onfo r r i c u l t u r a l l yre l a tedo c cu pa t i o n s , ir e ti o n i nt e dign dcondu c to f suchtr a i n i n gp ro s twob rodd app a r en t. On t ho n ehandt h e rei san i n t er et i ndvl o p ingt r i n i r a r es t u d en t sfo r ac l u s t e ro fr e ltedo c cu p a ti o n s . Th is p ror stop invo lv e sar a th e rg en e ra l i zdp rog r fo rre la tedk ind s 0 jo b s . Ingne r a l , bca u sethyrecog n iz et h a tth ed e ta i leds k i l l san dre spo n s ib i l i t i e so f jo b sw i ll c o n tin u etoch e d r t i c a l l yandt h a to ccup a t i on a lo b sol e s c en ce w i llb ea c on tin u ln c on ce du c a to r sandth e o r it st endtofavo rth i pt t e r no ftrai n i np ro om. O nt h eo th e rh and , ptt rno fin c re a s inl y sp e c i a l i z e dp re pra ti o nfo r spec iico c cu pt i o n s i ~ appa r e n t. Int h e s r o rdu a t e sh v em a rktb l d us e fu ls k il l sh ich r immd it e l y p p l ieb1 e. p lo yr s ,o f cou r s, ax p a r tic u l a r l y pp r c1a t i v o ftr i n i n pr o S0 t h isso r t. Op t i o nllymany b1 ending s0 't h e s t 0a l te rn a t i v e s ro bb1 y c o ,b i n a t l o no fv a r iou sp at t e rn s ,o fd i f f e ring p pren t. F 1 ng th sa n dfo rd i f f e rn tlev e l so fr spon s ib i li t y ,w i ll b en ec essa ry. �..- - i n a l l y , 1t ec omm e n t uo nc e r t a i n sp c t so risu e si n t e c i c a l du c at i o n l i chse t ly , bo t hi nr 1t i o nto " r i c u l t u r a l l yr e l a t o c cu ti o n1 ro s . 1 . irt c oc e r ni s1 iht cu lu r a l t e c h n i c a ledu c a t io n . A sI su rv eyt h en a ti o n a ls c en e,t h i s i c r i ti c a lc on e n . ou inth eb e s tpo i t ' toc tv tot h e nn e sow s i tu a t ion . Lt e e lbo rte t h i sco~c e n n t o n ly h r r. re n c e o i n ts n t0 . t e d -r t ni v e ri t y . I n i. la t rt o r s dc o l l o f i c u l t u r o ffi c i a l don o t ev id en c e r i o u scoc e r no ra n sco f r sp on s i b i li t y 0 t chn i c a l edu c a tioni n i c u l tu r. I n ~om in s t an c e sthy ss ume r e so n s i b i l i t yr e ltiv etot e a chr t r a i n i n d vnt ep r a rt i o n0 s ec u r r i c u lr a tri a l s . o s t c on ly ,h ow ev e r ,t h i sr e spos i b i l i t yt ei n a t e swenth e r sonw h o my b eatcc h e ri nt c h n i c a l ri c u l te cop l e t e s h i s i c u l t u r d e r o g r n iv r s i t yfc u l t yu su a l ly f in dr e s e a r cho r adut et cc h in g mo r ech a l l eng ingth an t t e n t i o nt ot e c h n i c a ledu ct i o n . h il eI no t su g g e s t i n t tth eu n i v e r s i t ys hou l dn e c e s s a r i l ycondu c tt c h n i c a l t r in in gp r r s n i c u l t u r ,i t doss tht t t e r s0 th u a n t i t ya n d a l i tyo ft e c h n i c a lcdu ct i o nin i c u l t u r ea pr e p r i a tl yau n i v e r s i t ycon c e rn . T h ec i t en tb yc u n i t yc o l lg eat ot e c hni c a l du ca t i o n i sl s oa con cr n .I ne n e r a l , jun io rc o l l ee in i s t rt o r n o tu su a l lyt rin e fo rt e c h n i c a ledu ca t i o n . Of tnth e r e s s u r e so fth elo c a lc u n i t ya r es t r oe s tf o rc o l lg l l e lp ro am s , in c ea r t i c u lt el e a d e r so fth e co un ity p a o f t e nh av e e a t e s tcon c e rn o rc o l l e g ep rp tion . T echn i c a l ro am sa ru su a l l y en siv ei nt e rm s0 u ip e n tand f a c i l i t i e s .S t afi ni d iff ic u l t en ro llmn t s b elow . e a son su c sth e s e ,t h co i tm en tbyco un i tyc o l lg e s F o r e chn i c ed u ctioni n r i c u l t u r e ybelim i' e d . tot F ina l l y , 1t m e n t i onthe c i t e n tt o i c u l t u r a lt rn in i nvo c a ti o edu c a ti oc i r c l e s . T h e0 o r t u n i t lsr e p rs e n t ed byth e o ct i o n a lEdu c at i o nA c t a r t r endou s, 'Th e r i st h c u l t u r a l1ad e r s h i i nth i I nm u ch n ew ed e r1 l e g il a ti o n , t h e r ei at end e n cyto h as i z n ewp ro dt oavo idth e s tb lish e d tru c t u reo ro r izt i o. I nth ec p l e xe l n t h iss i t u a t iont h e r i sa u eti o n0 co it en t invo c a ti o n o t o nc i r c l.t o rc u l tu r a ledu c at i on , d obv iou du cti c l e ng eto ic u l t u r edu c at o r s . 2. Te L a nd -r an t o l l eg e so fA" r i c u l t u r eint e c h n i c a l cdu ct i on d t ob ec l a r i f i e d . e r t a in ly t h er e sou r c e so f t h e s ei n s t i t u t i o n si nt e a c h in g ,r e sa r chand x t e n s ionr e p rs e n t �-8th e a t e s tc o l l e c ti o no f icu l tu r a lta l e n t and ex p e r tisei n ho ft h es tte s . Th eri c hn esso fsu chre s ou r ce sho u ldb e vi l a b l ea pr or it e l ytop ro o ft e c h n i c a l duc a t i o ni n ic u l t u r . T h e ro l e y beint tr a in1 o fte acer s , in s e rv i cetr an i n fo rte chn i ca lf cu l ty , se c i r ou r ce si n cu r r ic u l um d ev e l o pm en tand i n s t r u c t i o n , co n t i n u i n d i s s emi nt i on l . ed , n d p l a c : t: t e c lm i c tu dm t igh t o n e know a s s b l e r i o d i c l yo rby i n t e r e s t cup o rtr ning vi l h I eo nl ya t un iv er s i t yrese a r chc e n t e r s a t o f r e comp rh e ns iv t e chnca l ,t r i n i n g . Inany v en t ,t o th e ir o s su r eq u a l i t yi ne chn i c edu c a t i onovrt , r e s o u r c e so f c o l l 80 i c u l t.I: o tb e i nf u l l yu t i l i ed . 3. At i r dcon ernre la te stoq u a l i t y0 tec nic~ s t i o n sh e r rl a t et ot h ede~ ee o fsp c i ztioni nth e t r a l .n in p ro am ,i d e n t iictiono fp o s s i b l eco r e l em en t s w h ic h ~ b ec c t e r i s t i co f numbe ro fd i f f e rn tt chn i c a l i e l d a ,len h0 t im erequ ired o r p a r ti c u l a r ro g r ,th e invo lv eet 0 indu ~ y rp r e sn t a t iv e si nl ann in, dt h e o v i sionf o r rc t i c a l ~o exp e r i e n c e . pr nt h e o f 'c u r r i cu lumt tt h e r e ou ld se emtob e I tL ai pr t i c u l a ro p p o u n i t yf o rinn o tionand e r et t v in i tia tiv e . T o oof t enw s e t t l ea lm o s tau t oa t i c a l l yi n t otwo y e a r , on e-yar , s i x -m on t hb l ock so ft im ewh en qU i t ed i f f e r i nt im ingm igh tb e p o s s i b l e. e s t e r eo typ eth e ntu r e0 on -c u ando ff c ampu s e l emen t so ft h etri n in expr in c e. Th e r ei sf r e n t i on t n c ~' iculum a n th ef i l u r etod e v e l opapp ropr i a t eo c cu p a tio n a l i n t e rr e l a t i o n sh ip , andl .nv o l v emen to f indu s ti re p rs en t a t i's l anni dcondu c t i nt e chn i c a lp ror s ayb ee ss e n t i l y inp s t e r i l e . 4. o f cou r s e , ist h eu l t imt d e t er i n a n t0 qua l i t y . atc h n i c a l v oc a t i on a lscho o l s dj u n i o rc o l l ee s owc n e e f f e c t i 'C ly s t a f ffo rtchn i c a lp r og r sin i c u l t u r e h a t a r et h es t a f f i n greq u ir e n t s o rt hb a s i co r co r eel em en t s o. t e c lm i c a l i c u l t u r ec u r r i c u l um . em 'c anth ee s s e n t i a l se c i a l t yt a f f qu i n tnb ro v id ed a t ih tb eth e L a n d -r a n tCo l l eeo f .i c u l t u r e' ro l eand 1 t ih tb eth i nu s t r i a lcon t r i b u t i o s: ' a . i ' f i r -n ed St u d i e s0 jun io rc o l l c " c dt e c h n i c a lf .c u l t ye r s onn e l ind ic a tet h a to n e0 t h e i r ret e s tconc e rn si si n t11c tu i s o ltion . A se re ss dbyjun io rc o l l e g et e a ch e r s ," ou r i n t e l l e c t cp i to . li sno tb e ingrep ln i sh ed. "P e rh asto un i z t h i s ' ci t i n a t i vl yr i l lr o v ie n ew e co in s1h t si n t os t a f f i n t e r n a t i v e s . e It dc o n c e rnin e Ar chn i c 1 du et i o ni st ei n t rn a l a t i o nh i p so ft t chni c a . la cuty l i t ho t h e r ac u l t y rl i s a p es o n n e ' l . . T h i nmu s tb er e a l i s t i c a l l ycon o n tedbo th b y admi n it r a t i o n ndby vo cti o n a l du et i o n e r a . �f - 9- I tw o u l d app e a rth a tt h et r a d i t i o n a lp a t t e r n s0 ta~~in ~o t e c h n i c a ledu c a t ionw i ll b e in ad e qu a t et ome e tc u r r e n tand f u t u r e n e ed s. T h ech a l l eng et ot h o s ei npo si t i o n so fl e ad e r sh ip r e sp on s ib il i t yw i l lb et ocop ew i th ta~~in p rob l em s th rough n ewa n dd i s t i n c t iv eapp ro a ch e s. 5. The i~ con c e rnr e l a t e storec ru i tm en to fs tud en t s~o t e c h n i c a lpro g ramsi nag r i c u l t u r e . A l lev id en c ew ou l d sugg e s t ag r e a t e rd em a n d~o t r a i n e dp e r son s th ancu r r en tre so u r ce sa r e produ c in g . T h u st h e r ea r eop po r t un i tie sfo rg r e a t e rnumb e r sc r yo u n gp e o pl etos e l e c ta g r i c u l t u r a lo c cupa tion s . S t r eng th en ed coun s e l inga n d gu id ancep r og r am sw i th h ighs choo l andj u n i o r co l l e g ecoun s e l o r s,d i r e c t l yw i th s tud en t s , andp a r t i c u l a r l y w i th p a r en t swou ld s e emapp rop r i a t e . Th ep a r e n t a lro l ei nt h e o c cu p a t ion a la n d edu c a t i on a ld e c i s ion so ~ t h e i ry oung s t er si s w e ll docum en t ed ,b u tl a r g e l yign o r ed . I nt e rm so roccupa ti o n a l a n d edu c a t i on a lcoun s e l ing ,p e rh a p st h i s bov ea l lsu gg e s t s an h a tco u ldb ew e l l exp lo red . av enu et g r i c u l t u r ea san o cc u p a t i on a l cho i c ei sno tgood . T h eim a g e o~ a or em ov et h et a r n i s hw i l lb en e c e s s a ry. Amb i t io u sp ro g r am st 6. Ve ry b r i e f l yt h ef i n a lcon c e rnI w i l lm en t ion re la te sto o c cup a t ion a lo bso le scen ceand t h en e ed fo rrtra in ingand n t i n u ingedu c a t i o n . Th eC oope r a t i v eEx t en s ion S er v i c and co a d u l tprog r am si nv o c a t i on a l ag r i c u l t u r eh av e ee~ o r ien tedt o t h i sp ro b l em . T h ee f f e c t i v e n e s so ft h e s ee~ o t mu s tb e rec ogn ized . A sj u n i o rco l l e g e sb e com ee s t a b l i s h e dmo r e ~i ml i nt h e i rc o l l eg ep a r a l l e landt e c h n i c a lp r og r am s ,t h en ex t e x c i t i n gph a s ei nt h e i rd ev e lo pm en tm ay el l b eth a to~ t h e con t inu in ge d u ca t i o no rcommun i tys e r v i c efun c t ion . I na n yev en t ,a sbo thon ~a m and o~~ a m a i c u l t u r a l o c cup a t ion s con t inu et od ev e lopd ynamic a lly ,t h en e ed ~o p rog r am so fcon t inu in g du c a tiong ea r edt oth econv en i en c e fth ea p p rop r i a t ec l i e n t e l ew i ll b ein c r e a si n g ly a n dn eed so a cu t e. a rw i l lb efo cus i ngonth e s e and o t he r T om o r r owa nd T u e sd ay ,y o uasa Semin q ue s t i o n sr e l a t e dt ot h e"n e e d s , coo rd in a t io n ,s h a r e d e ~~o t andmu tu a l a s s i s t a n c e "a sp e c t so fM i n ne s o ta' s t e chn i c a ledu c a t ionp ro am sina g r i c u l t u r e. o nf i d en tth a tyou r in d iv idu a land co l l e c t i v ecomm i tm en tt ot h emu tu a l ly Iam c h e ldpu rpo s e sa n do b j e c t i v e so f su chp r og r am sw i l l su rm oun tmo r es e l f i s h i n t e r e s t sa n d con s t r a i n t s . I nm a n yre s p e c t s , as y ouem b a rk upont h i ss t a t ew id ev en t u r eina g r i c u l t u r a l, edu c a t ion ,y o uw i ll b ec h a r t i n gn ewt e r r i t o ry. T h e rei sa l w ay ssom e th in g i n ga bou tb e in gp i o n e e r s ,w he t h e ri t b ei ng eog raph ic o r edu ca t i on a l e x c it exp lo r a t ion. A tt h es am etim e ,w ereco gn iz et h a tp ion e e r in gc anb eh ighr i s k . N on e the le ss , i t w o u l dse em app a r en tt h a tt h eb e n e f i t sands a t i s f a c t i on so f t h ep ion e e rv en tu r eu o nw h ichyou a r eemb a rk edw ou l dov e r sh ado wany n eg a ti v e a tu r e swh i ch m igh tb e exp e r i en c ed. fe Ag r i cu l tu r ei nM inn e so t a , a n di nf a c tth rougho u tt h ecoun t ry,i sf o r t unt e t h a ty o uh av e emb a rk edu p ont h i scou r s e. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1966-06-05_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech, Educational Programs for Tomorrow's Agriculture Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given June 5, 1966 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for the opening Seminar session on agriculture. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Michigan Charities W. K. Kellogg Foundation Speeches, addresses, etc. Agriculture Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1966-06-05 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/328ff7947c0daf70c33806b6e8066645.pdf 0f1d04b189d28ee9329c0b47dc2ae035 PDF Text Text Remarks by Russell G. Mawby at Annual Conference of Council of Michigan Foundations, Detroit, MI June 4, 1987 RUSSELL G. MAWBY CMF-DETROIT METROPOLITAN AREA MEMBER'S MEETING OMNI INTERNATIONAL HOTELLANDMARK BALLROOM JUNE 4, 1987 4:30 P.M. SUGGESTED REMARKS 'AS BEEN MY PLEASURE TO WORK WITH 6"'C~-e-.e --- MANY OF YOU ATO MICHIGAN. ~N C R E A S E --; " £11'> ~ PHILANTHROPIC RESOURCES IN THE STATE OF HE COUNCIL OF MICHIGAN FOUNDATIONS' BOARD OF TRUSTEES ADOPTED THE GOAL TO INCREASE PRIVATE AND COMMUNITY FOUNDATION AND CORPORATE GRANTMAKING RESOURCES IN THE STAT L -~ 1-9.85". THE NEED TO INCREASE RESOURC S WA S AND IS APPARENT. RESEARCH INDICATES THAT MOR RESOURCES AND TIME IF ASKED. '" C...lt't-----' PEOPLE WOULD GIVE OF THEIR . ~ ,.. IN·-R-E-G-E-N-T-YEAR-S-, - MO R-E\mVr RNMENT NATIONAL ASSOCIATIONS, SUCH AS INDEPENDENT SECTOR AND THE COUNCIL ON FOUNDATIONS, HAVE ADOPTED NATIONAL GOALS AND STRATEGY TO INCREASE PHILANTHROPY AND PLAN NATIONAL MEDIA CAMPAIGNS TO SUPPORT THE EFFORT. TED TAYLOR, A BOARD MEMBER OF INDEPENDENT SECTOR, WILL BE SHARING MORE WITH US IN THE COMING WEEKS ABOUT INDEPENDENT SECTOR'S "DARING GOALS FOR A CARING , /' SOCIETY," AND WHA~ THIS WILL M~EAN FOR MICHIGAN. ~ 0/ &0.;/ P~.P---9-- ~ a- ~. .f-/'---'---tl~ C O M M U N I T Y FOUNDATIONS HAVE GROWN IN NUMBER AND SIZE IN THE STATE. CURRENTLY, THERE ARE 32 COMMUNITY FOUNDATIONS IN THE , J ~ RE-P-R.ES-~-T-A-T-l\LE-S-H-AV-E-R-E-S-PitN1)t:1Ji()Lt:in-s-t~T:r-cm--A-&VANT-,ts;Uf&tJ S TO F~T1~NS. ~ �STATE. MANY OF YOU ARE ACTIVELY INVOLVED WITH THE COMMUNITY FOUNDATION FOR SOUTHEASTERN MICHIGAN WHICH HAS GOTTEN OFF TO A SUCCESSFUL START. MORE CORPORATIONS ARE LOOKING AT ESTABLISHING AN ORGANIZED GIVING PROGRAM OR FOUNDATION, AND IN SOME CASES GIVING MORE. dvt (h1f1 r>o,/'" 9r/v""' STRATEGY CMF HAS UNDERTAKEN THIS PROJECT WITH VOLUNTEERS SUBSCRIBE TO THE GOAL. HO ENDORSE AND THE STRATEGY IS BASED ON INDIVIDUAL TALKING WITH INDIVIDUAL, OR PEER TO PEER. IF AND WHEN CONSULTATION OR WRITTEN INFORMATION IS DESIRED, CMF WILL BE CALLED IN. THIS STRATEGY RECOGNIZES THAT AN ASSOCIATION, LIKE CMF, CAN HELP ~ -E J THE CLIMATE AND N6 MAINTAIN TECHNICAL INFORMATION ON THE "HOW-TO'S", BUT THE REAL POINT OF INFLUENCE IS WHEN ONE COLLEAGUE OR FRIEND ASKS ANOTHER ABOUT HIS GIVING PROGRAM OR FOUNDATION. ACCOMPLISHMENTS TO DATE - CMF HAS PUBLISHED A BOOK, ESTABLISHING A CHARITABLE FOUNDATION IN MICHIGAN, WRITTEN BY DUANE TARNACKI, AN ATTORNEY WITH CLARK, KLEIN AND BEAUMONT. COPIES HAVE BEEN SOLD TO DATE. ISSUED JUNE 15TH. THREE HUNDRED THE FIRST UPDATE IS TO BE �-PUBL ICAT ION OF THE BROCHURE , "F IVE BLUE -R IBBON WAYS TO G IVE ../ AWAY YOUR MONEY , " HAS BEEN W IDELY C IRCULATED THROUGH THE STATE AND ISAVA ILABLE IN BULK . FOR USE IN WA IT ING ROOMS -ATTOR ~);r~~ ~~i s T s . I UNDERSTAND MULT IPLE COP IES ARE AVA ILABLE TODAY ON THE D ISPLAY TABLE IFYOU WOULD L IKE A SUPPLY . -Two CHAR ITABLE G IV ING SEM INARS HAVE BEEN HELD FOR ATTORNEYS , ACCOUNTANTS , F INANC IAL PLANNERS AND THE IR CL IENTS . THE F IRST , HELD IN BATTLE CREEK AT THE END OF APR IL , AND THE SECOND , HELD IN DETRO IT LAST WEEK , ATTRACTED MORE THAN 1 5 0 IND IV IDUALS . SPEC IAL THANKS GO TO DUANE TARNACK I , MAR IAM NOLAND , R JCHARD ~tf W C9NNELL , AND LEONARD SM ITH FOR THE IR PART IC IPAT ION ON THE FACULTY . LANS ARE IN THE WORKS FOR THREE ADD IT IONAL SEM INARS TH IS FALL IN DETRO IT -OCTOBER 1 AND IN GRAND RAP IDS AND THE M IDLAND /SAG INAW /BAY C ITY AREA . -I SUSPECT THAT NEXT YEAR 'S EFFORTS W ILL INCLUDE FURTHER WORK W ITH POTENT IAL DONORS 0 INTERESTTHEM IN TH INK ING ABOUT / ORGAN IZ ING THE IR G IV IN ,WHETHER ITBE A D IRECT G IFT , CREAT ION OF A PR IVATE 1 0UNDA T IONOR COMMUN ITY FOUNDAT ION FUND , OR PERHAPS , BEG IN ING A CORPORATE G IV ING PROGRAM . ~ ~~ .~ ~ .~ ~r~cf) ~ ~~~ 1~ �ITISOUR PLAN TO WORK W ITH ALL OF YOU TO BR ING THE MESSAGE OF WHAT CAN BE ACCOMPL ISHED W ITH CHAR ITABLE RESOURCES TO THE ATTENT ION OF THE MED IA IN OUR STATE AND TO WORK W ITH OTHER STATE ASSOC IAT IONS , L IKE THE M ICH IGAN STATE BAR ASSOC IAT ION , BANKERS ASSOC IAT ION AND ACCOUNT ING ASSOC IAT ION , TO SPREAD THE MESSAGE . 1 / ~ ( ~ ~ "-~, ~) ---P~ "" ~ .}-? "~ MESSAGE -G IV ING ISGOOD ". . . -R ' c - ~~ ....n • " l ) ' . ' . . ~ -G IV ING EHANC S SOC IETY AND HELPS OU TOO C \ o ~ . . : - -THERE ARE METHODS TO G IVE WH ICH ARE TO YOUR TAX ADVANTAGE v . .--JL ~ WELCOME YOUR SU -.~ ~~ f-t~ ~~ ~ ESTIONS AO ~~~;FURTHER ~H E S E E FFORTS . NOTE : R u s s , YOU MIGHT WANT TO ADD TO THESE COMMENTS WITH THOUGHTS ON ANY OF THE FOLLOW ING : -YOUR PERSONAL COMM ITMENT TO THE GOOD THAT G IVING CAN ACCOMPL ISH -ILLUSTRAT IONS OF G IV ING IN BATTLE CREEK THAT HAVE ACT IVATED COMMUN ITY DEVELOPMENT AND ENHANCED QUAL ITY OF L IFE (BOB M ILLER ) . -MENT ION OF THE STUDY AT BOSTON COLLEGE ON "WEALTH AND PH ILANTHROPY " SPONSORED BY THE T .B . MURPHY FOUNDAT ION CHAR ITABLE TRUST OF BLOOMF IELD H ILLS ( INFORMAT ION BROCHURE ENCLOSED ) �~t ~ I ~-LL \J~----' _ "'- 'v- ~ c; .... Vo--- f - �I :> c _ _- ~ ~ u - , Ca J ~- ('I-- - - .. - ...... J ') ~ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1987-06-04_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech for the Council of Michigan Foundations Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given June 4, 1987 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Annual Conference of the Council of Michigan Foundations. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan W. K. Kellogg Foundation Charities Speeches, addresses, etc. Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1987-06-04 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0b33b194181b3c55c06758dc622eaa05.pdf 22045f0cc3980c4ea5f2c8debbbe225b PDF Text Text COMMENCEMENT ADDRESS BY DR. RUSSELL G. MAWBY CHAIRMAN~ W. K. KELLOGG FOUNDATION AT SOUTHERN UTAH STATE COLLEGE CEDAR CITY JUNE 4~ 1983 I IT IS A PLEASURE INDEED FOR ME TO BE WITH YOU AT SOUTHERN UTAH STATE COLLEGE FOR THIS COMMENCEMENT CEREMONY. WHILE I HAVE KNOWN SOUTHERN UTAH STATE AS THE ONLY PUBLIC FOUR-YEAR COLLEGE SOUTH OF SALT LAKE CITY AND BECAUSE OF ITS SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL QUALITY AND DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS~ THIS IS MY FIRST VISIT TO YOUR ijEAUTIFUL CAMPUS. I ENJOYED VERY MUCH VISITING WITH STUDENTS~ RUTH AND FAMILIES~ AND FACULTY MEMBERS LAST EVENING AT YOUR INSPIRING BACCALAUREATE SERVICE. I HAVE ALSO KNOWN YOUR PRESIDENT~ DR. SHERRATT~ FOR SEVERAL YEARS AND AM DELIGHTED THAT HE IS NOW PROVIDING LEADERSHIP HERE AT THIS SPECIAL COLLEGE. A PROUD TRADITION~ BEGINNING WITH THE You AT SUSC HAVE VISION~ COURAGE~ AND DEDICATION OF THE PIONEERS WHO LAUNCHED THIS INSTITUTION IN 1897. THANK YOU FOR LETTING ME BE WITH YOU TODAY. �To YOU WHO ARE GRADUATING THOSE ALREADY EXPRESSED. J I ADD MY CONGRATULATIONS TO FOR EACH OF YOU J THIS IS AN OCCASION LONG AWAITED J ONE OF THOSE INSTANCES IN A PERSON'S LIFE WHEN YOU CAN HAVE BOTH A SENSE OF SATISFACTION IN PAST ACHIEVEMENTS AND A SPECIAL EXCITEMENT FOR THE FUTURE, I FEEL PRIVILEGED TO BE SHARING THIS DAY WITH YOU, I WOULD ADD A WORD OF CONGRATULATIONS J ALSO J TO ALL OF THOSE WHO HAVE CONTRIBUTED IN A SIGNIFICANT WAY TO MAKING THIS DAY A REALITY, I THINK FIRST OF PARENTS AND FAMILIES J AND IN SOME INSTANCES HUSBANDS OR WIVES AND C;1ILDREN WHO SO OFTEN HAVE SACRIFICED AND SUBORDINATED THEIR PERSONAL INTERESTS TO YOURS IN MAKING IT POSSIBLE FOR YOU TO STUDY AT SOUTHERN UTAH STATE COLLEGE AND WHO ARE ENTITLED TO A SIMILAR SENSE OF PRIDEFUL SATISFACTION ON THIS OCCASION, AND I THINK J ALSO J OF ALL THE PEOPLE WHO ARE SUSC -- THOSE WHO HAVE GONE BEFORE J BEGINNING IN PIONEER UTAH J ESTABLISHING J BUILDING J AND SUSTAINING THIS INSTITUTION J AND THOSE WHO CURRENTLY CARRY FORWARD THIS WORK, "TRUSTEES J FACULTY J OFFICERS AND STAFF J 2 �ALUMN I AND FRIENDS~ To ALL OF YOU IEXPRESS CONGRATULATIONS STATE GOVERNMENT , AND COMPLIMENTS~ AND THE PEOPLE OF UTAH THROUGH THE IR FOR OU~ CAN TAKE PR IDE IN TH IS TOO~ HAPPY OCCAS ION , II IAPPROACH MY ASS IGNMENT TH IS MORN ING W ITH THE SOBER KNOWLEDGE THAT NOT ONE PERSON CAME HERE FOR THE PR IMARY PURPOSE OF HEAR ING THE COMMENCEMENT ADDRESS , QU ITE HONEST W ITH EACH IFWE ARE EACH OF YOU HAS A MUCH MORE OTHER~ PERSONAL -AND MORE IMPORTANT -REASON FOR BE ING HERE , IN APPREC IAT ION OF THAT FACT~ BR IEFLY UPON YOUR DAY . To THOSE OF YOU HA IT~ ARE TAK ING NOTES~ I PROPOSE TO INTRUDE ONLY HO~ FROM FORCE OF MY ENT IRE MESSAGE CAN BE SUMMAR IZED IN TWO LETTERS : RAND U , "R "FOR RESPONS IB IL ITY ; "unFOR UNDERSTAND ING , EACH OF US HAS STASHED AWAY IN MEMORY CERTA IN L INES OF POETR ~ FROM LITERATURE~ HAVE SPEC IAL MEAN ING TO US . PASSAGES FROM THE B IBLE -WH ICH ONE SUCH WH ICH FREQUENTLY RECURS 3 �To ME ARE THESE LINES FROM EDNA ST. VINCENT MILLAY THE WORLD STANDS OUT ON EITHER SIDE No WIDER THAN THE HEART IS WIDE; ABOVE THE WORLD IS STRETCHED THE SKY)-No HIGHER THAN THE SOUL IS HiGH. THE HEART CAN PUSH THE SEA AND LAND FARTHER AWAY ON EITHER HAND; THE SOUL CAN SPLIT THE SKY IN TWO) AND LET THE FACE OF GOD SHINE THRU. BUT EAST AND WEST WILL PINCH THE HEART THAT CANNOT KEEP THEM PUSHED APART; AND HE WHOSE SOUL IS FLAT--THE SKY WILL CAVE IN ON HIM BY AND BY. THE WORLD STANDS OUT NO WIDER THAN THE HEART IS WIDE. As YOU GRADUATE AND MOVE ON EITHER IN YOUR CHOSEN CAREER OR TO FURTHER STUDY) OUR WORLD IS CONFRONTED WITH SEVERAL LARGE) OVER-RIDING) PERVASIVE) VALUE-LADEN PROBLEMS. As JUST ONE EXAMPLE) HERE AT HOME WE'RE CONFRONTED WITH TOUGH CHOICES: ON ONE HAND) HOW TO REVITALIZE AMERICA'S FALTERING SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC SYSTEM; ON THE OTHER) HOW TO RESPOND RATIONALLY AND RESPONSIBLY TO UNPARALLELED 4 �TECHNOLOG ICAL CHANGE AND THE EVER -GROW ING DEMANDS OF A HUNGRY AND TROUBLED WORLD . YOUR TASK IN FAC ING SUCH CHALLENGES ISCOMPL ICATED BY ERRORS OF OM ISS ION OR FUZZY TH INK ING BY THOSE WHO CHART OUR NAT ION 'S COURSE . A s NORMAN MAGA INE~ HAS O SERVED~ ED ITOR OF COMMENTARY PODHORET ~ ONLY NO ~ AS A NATION~ ARE WE REAWAKEN ING TO THE FACT THAT SOC IAL AND ECONOM IC PROGRESS IN TH IS COUNTRY ARE IMMUTABLY T IED TOGETHER -AS MUCH AS GENERAT ION ISL INKED TO SUCCEED ING GENERAT ION . A s A NATION~ WE AMER ICANS IN THE PAST 2 0 YEARS HAVE S IMULTANEOUSLY FORGOTTEN HOW FAR WE 'VE WH ILE BE ING UNREAL IST IC COME~ ABOU T HOW FAST WE CAN GO IN TH E FUTURE . FORGET THAT IN 4 ~ MORE THAN 15 PERCENT OF AMER ICAN HOUSEHOLDS HAD INCOMES OF LESS THAN DOLLARS . W EHAVE CHOSENTO By THE LATE ~ ~ INTODAY 'S THE F IGURE WAS ONLY THREE PERCENT . WH ILE FEWER AMER ICANS ARE TRULY POOR TODA ~ AND MORE PEOPLE ARE BECOM ING MORE AND MORE AFFLUENT . AFTER THE SECOND WORLD AR~ MORE R IGHT FEWER THAN 15 PERCENT OF AMER ICAN 5 �HOUSEHOLDS HAD INCOMES OF $15 JOOO J IN TODAY'S DOLLARS. By THE LATE 70sJ MORE THAN ONE-HALF ENJOYED SUCH AN INCOME. THE REALITY FOR ALL OF US -- AND ESPECIALLY MEMBERS OF THIS GRADUATING CLASS IS THAT SUCH A RATE OF PROGRESS IN THE YEARS AHEAD WILL BE DIFFICULT -- SOME WOULD SAY You IMPOSSIBLE. You FACE A DIFFERENT WORLD. GREW UP IN AN AGE WHEN ECONOMIC PROGRESS SEEMED AUTOMATIC. You ARE MATURING IN AN ERA CHARACTERIZED BY ERRATIC INFLATION AND FALTERING ECONOMIC GROWTH. You WERE BORN AT A TIME WHEN AMERICA'S EMINENCE WAS UNQUESTIONED. You ARE MATURING IN AN ERA WHEN ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL LEADERS INCREASINGLY ARE DISTRIBUTED AMONG A GROWING NUMBER OF NATIONS J AND AT A TIME WHEN AMERICA'S LEADERSHIP IS INCREASINGLY QUESTIONED. You GREW UP IN AN AGE OF FREER LIFESTYLES. You ARE MATURING IN AN ERA MARKED BY CONFUSION AND UNCERTAINTY REGARDING TRADITIONAL VALUES AND THE DEGREE OF GOVERNMENT INVOLVEMENT IN OUR DAILY LIVES. 6 �IN THE WORDS OF FRENCH PH ILOSOPHER PAUL VALER ~ HTHE TROUBLE W ITH OUR T IMES ISTHAT THE FUTURE ISNOT WHAT IT USED TO BE .H How AND INDEED WHETHER YOU -TODAY 'S YOUNG ADULTS CAN RESPOND TO TOMORROW 'S UNCERTA INT IES AND CHALLENGES IS NOT CLEAR , FOR TO BE LUNT~ ISEE YOU AS PART OF A GENERAT ION OF WH ICH TOO L ITTLE HAS BEEN EXPECTED , WE HAVE BEEN WRONG TO TELL YOU SHOULD BE GRATEFUL FOR WHAT YOU AS ED~ OU~ GET~ AND TOO L ITTLE CONSTANTL ~ THAT AND YET HAVE NOT OFFERED YOU THE OPPORTUN ITY TO G IVE IN RETURN . AND WE HAVE FA ILED TO SUFF IC IENTLY EMPHAS IZE TO YOU THE ROCK BOTTOM REAL IT IES OF THE AMER ICAN SOC IAL AND ECONOM IC S STEM~ A SYSTEM IN WH ICH WE ALL MUST LIVE~ AND HOPEFULLY PROSPER . TH IS MAY BE LESS TRUE FOR MANY OF YOU INDIVIDUALL ~ BECAUSE OF THE MARVELOUS TEACH INGS AND TRAD IT IONS OF YOUR CHURCH , BUT ITISTOO TRUE OF THE LARGER SOC IETY OF WH ICH YOU ARE A PART , PERHAPS r1 ICHAEL NOVA ~ IN H IS ESSA ~ SUMMAR IZES THOSE REAL IT IES THE BEST : 7 HTHE AMER ICAN VISION~H �"THE (AMERICAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL) SYSTEM DOES NOT GUARANTEE SUCCESS, IT DOES GUARANTEE OPPORTUNITY. IT MULTIPLIES OCCASIONS FOR LUCK AND GOOD FORTUNE. IT IS AN OPEN) POROUS) HIGHLY MOBILE SYSTEM, DOWNWARD MOBILITY IS AS CHARACTERISTIC OF IT AS UPWARD MOBILITY, " "IN ONE SENSE OUR CULTURE IS COMMITTED TO EQUALITY; IN ANOTHER IT IS COMMITTED TO INEQUALITY, IT HOLDS THAT EQUAL WORK SHOULD RECEIVE EQUAL PAY, IT ALSO HOLDS THAT SUPERIOR WORK SHOULD BE REWARDED WITH SUPERIOR PAY, TO A JUST WAGE. IT HOLDS THAT EVERY WORKER IS ENTITLED IT ALSO HOLDS THAT SOME PERSONS OF RARE TALENT (OR RARE VALUE) IN WHATEVER MARKETABLE WAY) MAY RECEIVE REWARDS NOT SO MUCH COMMENSURATE WITH THEIR WORK AS WITH TH EIR GIFT AND ITS DESI RABILITY. " WHAT NOVAK IS SAYING IS THAT AMERICA WAS FOUNDED ON THE PRINCIPLE THAT PERFORMANCE SHOULD BE LINKED WITH REWARDS; AND THAT THE MARKETPLACE SHOULD PREVAIL, 8 �N ~ THROUGHOUT OUR COUNTR ~ WE ARE EXPER IENC ING THE NEGAT IVE RESULTS OF OUR SOC IETY 'S MOVE AWAY FROM A CLEAR UNDERSTAND ING AND COMMUN ICAT ION OF TH IS RELAT IONSH IP BETWEEN SOC IAL AND ECONOM IC PROGRESS IN AMER ICAN SOC IETY AND OF THE RELAT IONSH IP BETWEEN HARD WORK AND REWARDS BASED UPON PERFORMANCE~ TO HUMAN ADVANCEMENT AND PROGRESS . YOUR GENERAT ION 'S AB IL ITY TO CREATE A BETTER FUTURE FOR MY UTAH~ VIE ~ FOR ALL OF AND FOR THE WORLD AMERICA~ ILL~ BE DETERM INED NOT BY THE ELEGANCE OF YOUR IN RHETORIC~ BUT BY THE TANG IBLE CONSEQUENCES OF YOUR HARD WORK ; YOUR UNDERSTAND ING OF THE ECONOMIC~ SOCIAL~ AND POL IT ICAL FRAMEWORK OF TH IS NAT ION ; AND ON YOUR RECONCIL INGOLD VALUES W ITH NEW EXPECTAT IONS AND NEEDS , III W E ARE ONTHE EV EOF ATECHNOLOG ICAL R EVOLU T IONTHAT W ILL F IND EACH OF YOU THROWN INTO A TOTALLY NEW WORLD ; AWORLD DEMAND ING BOTH TECHN ICAL SPEC IAL IZAT ION AND BROAD GAUGED SOC IAL A ARENESS~ AND SOC IAL VALUES , JUST A FEW YEARS , . , 9 IN A SPAN OF �* MOST OF YOU WILL HAVE COMPUTER TERMINALS IN YOUR HOMES. * MANY OF YOU WILL BE EMPLOYED I N REGIONAL WORK CENTERS. SOME OF YOU WILL HAVE PORTABLE OFFICES. * OUR NATION WILL BE CHALLENGED BY GROWING DEMANDS FOR ECONOMIC SUPPORT FROM THIRD-WORLD J UNDERDEVELOPED NATIONS. * You WILL FACE COMPLEX J DIFFICULT DECISIONS REGARDING ALLOCATION AND USE OF CRITICAL NATURAL RESOURCES. * You WILL FIND ROUTINE J DANGEROUSJ AND UNDESIRABLE WORK TAKEN OVER BY AUTOMATION. * AND J MOST OF YOU WILL LIKELY HAVE TO ATTEND SCHOOL SEVERAL TIMES -- OR CONTINUOUSLY -- DURING YOUR CAREERS TO BECOME TOTALLY RETRAINED AS TECHNOLOGIES EMERGE. "INTELLECTUAL OBSOLESCENCE" WILL BE A HARD REALITY IN ALL PHASES OF LIFE. IN ONE RESPECT J IT WILL ALMOST BE AS IF THE UNIVERSITY DIPLOMAS YOU RECEIVE TODAY ARE WRITTEN IN "DISAPPEARING INK ." FOR THEIR VALUE MAY LESSEN J OR DISAPPEAR J IF YOU DO NOT KEEP 10 �THE KNOWLEDGE AND SK ILLS THEY REPRESENT CURRENT AND UP TO DATE THROUGH AN INDEL IBLEAND L IFELONG COMM ITMENT TO CONT INU ING EDUCAT ION , EACH OF YOU SHOULD BE PART ICULARLY CONSC IOUS THAT WH ILE WE AS A NAT ION ARE COMM ITTED TO EQUAL COURSE OF L IFE SPEC IAL ENEFIT~ OPPORTUNIT ~ ADVANTAGE~ IN THE OR PR IV ILEGE DOES ACCRUE TO SOME OF US , ~ AS 1 9 8 3 GRADUATES OF SOUTHERN UTAH STATE COLLEGE~ ARE A PR IV ILEGED GROUP -PR IV ILEGED IN SEVERAL WAYS , FIRST~ YOU ARE GRADUATES OF A D IST INGU ISHED INST ITUT IONWH ICH HAS AD IST INCT IVE RECORD AND TRAD IT ION OF SERV ICE , THOSE WHO ARE PR IV ILEGED TO BE COLLEGE GRADUATES MUST ASSUME A SPEC IAL RESPONS IB IL ITY FOR THE FUTURE OF THE IR ALMA MATER . FOR EACH OF OU~ THAT MEANS SOUTHERN UTAH STATE SHOULD ALWAYS BE OF SPEC IAL IMPORTANCE IN YOUR L IFE . IT HAS SHAPED YOU IN WAYS YOU DO NOT NOW AND MAY NEVER FULLY UNDERSTAND , ITHAS TESTED YOUR INTELLECTAND YOUR YOU TO THE R ICHNESS OF CAMPUS LIFE~ 11 PERSEVERANCE~ INTRODUCED AND DEVELOPED POTENT IALS �YOU DID NOT KNOW YOU HAD, IT HAs HELPED YOU DEVELOP YOUR JOB SKILLS J FOCUSED YOUR AMBITIONS J AND OPENED YOUR EYES TO THE WORLD BEYOND UTAH. IT HAS TAUGHT YOU TO COPE J AND IT HAS HELPED YOU TO SUCCEED, NEVER FORGET -- THIS COLLEGE HAS CONTRIBUTED IMMEASURABLY TO YOU AND TO THE HEALTH AND WELFARE AND PROSPERITY OF THIS REGION J YOUR STATE J AND THE NATION, NEVER FORGET -- IT IS THE GLORY OF THIS COLLEGE THAT IT BELONGS TO EVERYONE AND TO NO ONE. FORGET J YOU MUST CARE ABOUT ITS FUTURE. AND J NEVER ALL WHO TREASURE THIS COLLEGE NEED YOU AS STRONG FRESH ALLIES IN THE CAUSE OF QUALITY EDUCATION. SECOND J YOUR EDUCATION HAS BEEN HEAVILY SUBSIDIZED BY THE PEOPLE OF UTAH AND THE UNITED STATES. WHILE YOU HAVE PAID A HIGH PRICE IN TERMS OF TIME J ENERGY J AND DOLLARSJ NONETHELESS J THE EDUCATION WHICH YOU HAVE RECEIVED HAS REQUIRED SUPPORT FAR BEYOND THE FEES YOU PAID, THESE FUNDS HAVE COME FROM PUBLIC SOURCES J THROUGH TAX MONIES AND PRIVATE BENEFACTORSJ INCLUDING ALUMNI J INDIVIDUALS J FOUNDATIONSJ AND CORPORATIONS. IN A SENSE J THEN J ALL OF US WHO ARE THE 12 �BENEF IC IAR IES OF H IGHER EDUCAT ION SHOULD IMPOSE UPON OURSELVES A L IFELONG INDENTURE TO REPAY THE PR IV ILEGE BESTOWED AND TO ENSURE S IM ILAR OPPORTUN ITY FOR THOSE WHO W ILL FOLLOW , IV WH ILE THE PROSPECTS OF AN UNKNOWN FUTURE MAY BE THE CHALLENGE SOM ER~ AND THE POTENT IAL -OF TOMORROW ARE AS DEMAND ING AND AS EXH ILARAT ING AS EVER . IN AN AGE WHEN B IGNESS AND COMPLEX ITY SEEM CHARACTERISTIC~ IT 'S IMPORTANT TO MA INTA IN A PROPER PERSPECT IVE . WHEN THE REAL IT IES OF THE EVERYDAY WORLD SEEM ALMOST' OVER HELMING~ IF IND THE FOLLOW ING A USEFUL REM INDER : IAM ONLY ONE~ ICAN 'T DO BUT IAM ONE ; AND WHAT ICAN DO~ IOUGHT TO DO ; AND WHAT IOUGHT TO DO~ BY THE GRACE OF IFYOU 'VE TAKEN COMPLETE LETTERS ICAN DO SOMETH ING ; EVER THING~ UT NOTES~ GOD~ IW ILL DO , YOU HAVE RECORDED TWO Rl i t THEY SEEM TO POSE A QUESTION SO LET 'S NOW 13 �UR . You ARE REVERSE THEM INTO A DECLARAT IVE STATEMENT COMM ITTED TO UNDERSTAND AND TO RESPOND . IN TOO MANY FACETS OF OUR LIFE~ BOTH IND IV IDUALLY AND AS A NATION~ WE SEEM TO HAVE LOST SOMETH ING OF OUR SENSE OF PURPOSE~ OUR SELF CONFIDENCE~ To THE EXTENT TH IS BE TRUE~ OUR D IRECT ION AND COMM ITMENT . ITCAN BE REMED IED ONLY BY THE DEEDS OF IND IV IDUALSWHO -IN WHATEVER THE IR ROLE AND IN EVERY D IMENS ION OF L IFE -UNDERSTAND AND RESPOND . IT 'S NOT ENOUGH TO UNDERSTAND OR KNOW ; WE MUST ALSO DO . IFEACH OF US W ILL DO WHAT WE CAN DO AND OUGHT TO DO~ WE W ILL INDEED BE SERV ING MAN 'S H IGHER PURPOSE . To EACH OF YOU IN TH IS CLASS OF ~ GODSPEED IN YOUR PROFESS IONAL CAREER AND -MORE IMPORTANTLY -IN YOUR PERSONAL L IFE . 14 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1983-06-04_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech at the Southern Utah State College commencement Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given June 4, 1983 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Southern Utah State College commencement. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan W. K. Kellogg Foundation Charities Speeches, addresses, etc. Education Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1983-06-04 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4b0595209a95a2aaf4134d6e0a2ac841.pdf 3fff08de56dcb111cfae66bdde2167a0 PDF Text Text Remarks by RGM at Press Conference, June 27, to announce project of Neighborhoods, Inc. REMARKS BY DR. RUSSEL L G. MAWBY CHA IRMAN AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OF~ICER W.K. KELLOGG FOUNDATION AT THE NEIGHBORHOODS. INC. NEWS CONFERENCE 41 ~. KINGMAN AVENUE JUNE '27. 1985 THANK YOU. MIKE. I AM DELIGHTED TO BE HERE THIS MORNI NG. ALTHOUGH SOME MEMBERS OF THE NEWS MEDIA MIGH"r WO NDER WHY WE HAVE CHOSEN THIS SPOT" FOR A PRESS WE AR~ CONFERENCE~ HERE BECAUSE THIS LOCATION IS BOTH A SYMBOLIC AND A VERY REAL REFLECTION OF MAJOR HOUSING PROBLEMS WHICH FACE OUR COMMUNITY. AND. IT ALSO GIVES WITNESS TO A N~W. EXCITING AND AMBITIOUS EFFORT OF PUBL.lC AND PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP V,IHICH WE HOPE ~JILL QUITE l.ITERALLY CHANGE THE COM~1UN FAC~ OF KEY NEIGHBORHOODS IN OUR I TY . OF COURSE. SOME WOULD SAY THE FACE OF BATTLE CRtEK IS ALREADY CHANGING. INDEED. IT IS. RENOVATION DO WNTOWN. WE SEE NEW CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING WE SEE THE NEW LINEAR PARK SYSTEM AS IT BEGINS TO LI NK OUR CITY'S NEIGHBORHOODS. SCHOOLS. AND PARKS. INDUS TR Y MOVING TO FT. CUS TER INDUSTRIAL PARK . WE SEE NEW WE HAVE SEEN NEW I NTE RES T AND COMMITME NT TO OUR SCHOOL S AN D TO EDUCATIONA L EXCE LL ENCE FOR OUR YOUNG PEOP LE. YET. EVEN AS WE LOOK AHEAD TO WHAT THESE CHANG ES WI LL MEA N FOR THE SPIRIT. THE ECON OMIC LIFE. AND THE FUTURE OF THE CI1 Y. WE ARE AWARE THAT OUR COMMUNITY STI LL HA S MAJOR PROBLE MS. �FOR MORE THAN A DECADE . BATTLE CREEK HAS BEEN CONFRONTED W ITH SER IOUS D tTER IORAT ION OF HOUS ING IN MANY OF ITS LONG -STAND ING N E IGH B 0RHO0D S . I1 \ l .C .k l JI1+N -G T I I I5A-R t"A I ( I ' f f i W~ A S~ .1 PQS . . l -A -B iT t ' f t f}N. SU CH DETER IORAT ION . AS THAT WH ICH W t SEE IN TH IS HOME . CAN BE TRACED TO MANY CAUSES . INCLUD ING H IGH UNEMPLOYMENT . AS A R tSULT . SOM E BASI CALLY VERYSOUND H 0~1 E S . STRU C TUR ALLY . HAV E FALLENINT0 D ISREPA IR . AND OTHERS HAVE BEEN ABANDONED ENT IRELY . MORE THAN 1 .000 HOUSES HAVE BEEN TORN DOWN IN BATTLE CREEK OVER THE PAST DECADE . SUCH DETER IORAT ION TODAY THREATENS THE STRENGTH OF MANY OF OUR OLDEST AND DONE? # rFINEST . THAT QUEST ION WA~ How AND WHAT CAN BE NE IGHBORHOODS . ANSWERED WHEN M IKE DOUGHERTY AND NE IGHBORHOODS . INC . CA f '1E TO THE KELLOGG FOUNDAT ION SOME MONTHS AGO . NE IGHBORHOODS . INC. •PROPOSED AN AMB IT IOUS PLAN FOR REV ITAL IZ ING THE COMMUN ITY 'S LONGT IME NE IGHBORHOODS IN A WAY THAT WOULD HELP RESTORE QUAL ITY HOUS ING TO PEOPLE IN NEED WH IL .E AT THE SAME T IME PROV ID ING SOL ID . OR~~ SK ILLS TO YOUTHS . SPEC IF ICALLY . TH tW .K . KELLOGG FOUNDAT ION W ILL MAKE A ~AN OF $550 .000 OVER F IVE YEARS TO NE IGHBORHOODS. INC .FOR A PROGRAM OF TARGETED HOUS ING REHAB I l ITAT ION Wh ICH INVOLVES YOUNG PEOPLE FkOM THE CALHOUN AREA VOCAT IONAL CENTER I h AC UA ~ HANDS -C lN . SK ILLS -BU I: .D ING WORK . IW ILL LEAVE ITTO M IKE AND O ~ER DETA ILS ABOUT TH E PROJECT . ITW ILL BR ING TO G I vE YOU THE EXC IT ING O E1~ER THE F INANC IAL �RESOURCES OF PR IVATE PH ILANTHROPY , OUR LOCAL VOCAT IONAL EDUCAT IONAL SYSTEM , OUR NE IGHBORHOOD COUNC ILS , AS WELL AS C ITY AND STATE GOVERNMENTS . iTW ILL POOL THE HUMAN RESOURCES OF THE VOCAT IONAL STUDENT , THE EDUCATOR , THE SK ILLED CRAFTSMAN , AND THE PROSPECT IVE HOMEOWNER . [HE PRO JECT REPRESENTS PUBL IC AND PR IVATE COLLABORAT ION AT ITS F INEST . fHE KE l_LOGG FOUNDAT ION IS OF TH IS I MPORTANT EFFORT . LEA ~ IN E~ TO BE PART � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1985-06-27_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech at the Neighborhoods, Inc. News Conference Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given June 27, 1985 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the news conference to announce the project of Neighborhoods, Inc. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan W. K. Kellogg Foundation Charities Speeches, addresses, etc. Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1985-06-27 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/a3fabdbd76f94162568932edb5ce5211.pdf e41850c5d4387485681124c296d92a14 PDF Text Text . RGM ) s no t e sf romp r e s en t a t i on a tBo rg e sB So c i e ty Inaugu ra lD inn e r , Bo rg e s s Founda t ion Jun e2 2 , 1994- Ka lama zoo In s t i tu t eo fA r t s . .. . ~ \ .e ~ ~-p- .~~ 17-~~_ .•~n'2BC~~;1 ~~ ~~ ; C ~ ~ir' ~r _ .~ ~v . . ,~ / y / ,7~..., ~_ /~/,. . . ' I~ ~~~ _ _ _ .' : : . .> ~-rl C f..~c. .::iy;;:::J=--~~ ~6~.·- \h~ --'<.~{ Q i :J ; - ' , 4C " . . \~// o.JJ.-.-f~'~ J;1,d--4 !5W K , 'J. . . . -~ ~ ~Q. i r~~~ ~. ~.-,t:~_ C~- ~ ~.C-/j ~~}~~<-.Il.. .~ ~ ~~ h.. ~~.~ . . . : -" .. ~ . . .~ ~ ~"'-~ �BORGESS FOUNDAT ION BORGESS SOC IETY INAUGURALD IN ) lER J a n u a r y17 , 1994 THE IMPORTANCEOF PH ILANTHROPY INOUR SOC IETY I . Bo rg e s sH o s p i t a l ' sR i ch H i s t o r yi nP h i l a n t h r o p y A . P h i l a n t h r o p yi nB o r g e s s 'H i s t o r y 1 . Th eH o s p i t a l ' sv e r yn am ec am ef roma p h i l a n t h r o p i s t . 2 . I n1888 ,B i shop C a sp a rH . Bo rg e s so fD e t r o i td o n a t e d$ 5 , 0 0 0 , wh i ch h er e c e i v e df romh i sm o t h e r ' s ~t t , t oMon s igno r F r a n c i sO 'B r i e nw i t hi n s t r u c t i o n st ou s et h em o n e y t ob u i l d I ah o s p i t a l . An a d d i t i o n a l$5 ,500 w a sc o n t r i b u t e dbym emb e r s ! o fa c i t i z e n scomm i t t e eand $3 ,000 w a s r a i s e dt h r o u g ha I commun i ty b a z a a rt oh e l pp u r c h a s eand f u r n i s hK a l am a zoo ' s e t-,r '-- f i r s th o s p i t a l . Is u s p e c tyou c a n ' th av e anapp end e c tomy l~ 1'5~ f o rt h a tk i n do fmoney today I B . Th eG row th o fBo rg e s s 1 . Bo rg e a sw a s n o tt r a n s f o rm e df romt h eJ am e sA . W a l t e r h om e on p o r t a g es t r e e ti nK a l am a zoo i n t ot h eh e a l t hc e n t e rcomp l ex s i t t i n gon 40 a c r e sa l o n gG u l l'R oadw i t h o u tt h eg e n e r o s i t y o fl i t e r a l l y t h o u s a n d so fdono r s andv o l u n t e e r s . I 2 . W h i l e w er i g h t l yr em emb e rt h eg e n e r o s i t yo fB i shop B o r g e s s , i t i sa l s oim p o r t a n tt h a tw er em emb e rt h a tl i t e r a l l y t h o u s a n d so fun sung l o c a lc i t i z e n sh av ea l s oc o n t r i b u t e d t h e i rt im eandmon ey . I nf a c t ,i nt h ea g g r e g a t e , mo r em o n e y com e sf romsm a l ldono r st h a nl a r g eo n e s . (Y o um igh tw an tt o m en t ion h e r et h a tp e o p l ea r eam a z edbyt h ea s s e t so ft h e W .K . K e l logg F o u n d a t i o n ,b u ti na c t u a l i t y ,f o u n d a t i o n so n l y r e p r e s e n ta p p r o x im a t e l ys i xp e r c e n to fa l lc h a r i t a b l eg i v i n g i 2 \ : l ' �in the United statesl four percent from corporations and 90 percent from individuals.) 3. Tim stack will be the first to tell, I am sure, that even today, in the age of superb professionaliem, Borgess . Hospital could not long keep its doors open without the support of the people in this room and thouaands of other Kalamazoo oitizens who write their checks and thousands more who give of their time to this splendid institution. II. Where would we be if it were not for philanthropy and the nonprofit sector? A. Looking at my own life. I was born in a nonprofit hospital. I was educated at two universities that were very dependent on charitable oontributions and still are today. I was married in a ohurch. I have worked for a university, 4-B, and for a charitable foundation. I I will probably die in a nonprofit nursing home. think you probably see a pattern developing here. B. It has been to nonprofit organizations -- and not to government or to business -- that I have turned for the important things in my lifez my health, my education, my religious encounters, my cultural experiences, and human services, not to mention my employment. c. And, I am not alone. Balf of our nation's health oare, about a quarter of our education, a substantial portion of our human services, most of our arts and culture, and all of our religious life come from organizations that are neither government (the publio sector), nor business (the private sector). 2 Since they �..._~ _ ~~ ~ ~ .,''- ~ ~c . . . .\ ; : .a. ::- ~ : 3c 1~ : ~ p . ' r . J .~ CJ~'~ 7-.~, / l L .,." , . L~ ~~ ) . 3 . ~ ' ·,.~-' -;f-l ) <: ~ ~{o-- J2.-~~~ . ~~f ~ . .~t -~~_Q . <'\ ~-. ~ ~ • ~ ~ - '-- ~ ~ ~<r-~ ~ ~ ""JC · ;b J ~. - ' '17 t.: :. �. ... ~ .~ " I ! ! ;',. l l" ~~.. . II ... , .... .'\ .. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1994-06-22_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech, Borgess Society Inaugural Dinner Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given June 22, 1994 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Borgess Society Inaguaral dinner. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan W. K. Kellogg Foundation Charities Speeches, addresses, etc. Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1994-06-22 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/1c0841f2e14937b35f4a56f09443300a.pdf 67e0012c9a5bb0ef22e1d14b020e199e PDF Text Text WHY YOUTH? WHY COMMUNITY FOUNDATIONS? DELIVERED AT THE LAUNCHING OF THE MICHIGAN COMMUNITY FOUNDATION YOUTH PROJECT, STOUFFER HOTEL, BATTLE CREEK, MICHIGAN BY RUSSELL G. MAWBY JUNE 21, 1991 It is a pleasure, indeed, to be with you today for the launching of this initiative in philanthropy, which we believe is one of the most exciting ever undertaken in the state of Michigan. successful in our efforts, the next five years If all of us are will witness, in communities across the state, a series of activities that will help young people develop life-long values of generosity and leadership, and which will at the same time build stronger and more caring communities. If we do well, these next five years will truly leave their mark on Michigan. It will make our state a better place in which to live, in fact a better state in which to be born, and to grow up. Since the first announcement of this initiative was made, many people have asked me why the Kellogg Foundation ; hich could have directed these resources in any number of ways, chose to commit them to youth and to Michigan's forty-five community foundations. answer these two questions: Why Youth? So today, I want to Why Community Foundations? First, I would like to address the question "Why Youth?" exciting, and as daring as it is, Youth Project example, from has 1931 precedents to 1948, . Michigan Communi ty Heal th counties . This was a in the Project As new, as the Michigan Community Foundation our Foundation's Kellogg in comprehensive Foundation history. For supported the seven south central Michigan community development project that consolidated rural schools, buil t modern hospitals and health departments, services. and encouraged volunteers to help deliver essential �- 2 The children only now served by beginning to the Michigan retire. Community Most are Health still Project active in are their commun i ties as vo1un teers, and many are s till going strong in their chosen careers. It has been support MCHP, sixty and years since forty-three the years Kellogg began since our support enaed. society is still reaping the benefits from it. MCHP as an 18 -year project. Foundation to And So, I don't think of I prefer to think of it as a 60-year, 70-year, or 80-year project. If we look at the Michigan Community Foundation Youth Project in the same light, we realize that this is an initiative that will still be paying social dividends In fa ct, the direct in the year 2051 and perhaps well beyond. beneficiaries of this program will still be making contributions to society for most of the next century. Of course, it is not given to us to know the long-range consequences of many of our ph ilanthropic actions. But we can guess that working with youth will be like a stone thrown "i n t o a pond; the ripples keep expanding far beyond our time and place, far beyond our ability to measure or perhaps even envision. The Kellogg Foundation chooses to work with youth because we c on t i n ue to believe that our generation has an obligation to express our gratitude generations to the generations that that will come after. We came before by helping the recognize no limits on what c a n be achieved, what deficiencies can be eliminated, and what good and decent things can be people the tools to do potential. accomplished, if we but the job--the opportunities give our young to fulfill their �- 3 The Michigan Community Foundation Youth Project gives young people the opportunity to learn generosity in the only practical way: being generous. raising funds I t will for by teach them to meet community challenges by good works. It will teach them to be good stewards by giving them opportunities to make the hard decisions on wise giving. and It will give through serving, them to lead. the opportunity to ask, to serve, Tomorrow's governors, mayors, chief executive officers, and executive directors will be trained through the Michigan Community Foundation Youth Project. Even more importantly, so will tomorrow's Little League coaches, Big Sisters, Cub Scout leaders, Sunday school teachers. and community foundation trustees. Perhaps here is the ~eal significance of working with youth. up to become people who work with youth. g~ow Youth When we invest in the development of today's young people, we are really investing in the development of the next generation, and the next, and the next. The ripples spread out from our investment--and where they will end, we can never know. Now I would like Foundations?" The to turn shortest to the ques tion, "Why and most profound answer Communi ty to this question is that the most exciting solutions to today's problems are not those coming from Washington or from Lansing. coming from our local communities. They are those Local leaders are the ones who are closest to problems, and the ones best equipped to solve them. Local leaders, themselves. the of institutions. cannot solve community problems all by They need to have arrows for their quivers, and perhaps sharpest foundations course, arrow are the is most the community community-based foundation. of They are also the most flexible; all Community philanthropic they can support a �- 4w i d e r a n g eo fi n i t i a t i v e s t o im p r o v et h e commun it y ,f rom e c o n om i c d e v e l o pm e n tt os o c i a ls e r v i c e s ,f rom r e c r e a t i o nt oh e a l t hc a r e ,f rom e c um e n i c a lc h u r c hp r o j e c t st on e i g h b o r h o o dd e v e l o pm e n t . Bu t commun i ty f o u n d a t i o n sa r e mo r e t h a n mon ey g i v e r s . s e r v ea s c o n v e n e r s f o r im p o r t a n t commun i ty m e e t i n g s , Th ey a l s o a s " h o n e s t b r o k e r s "t oh e l pb u i l dt e am so fo r g a n i z a t i o n st os o l v ep r o b l em s ;i n s h o r t , commun i ty f o u n d a t i o n ss e r v ea sc a t a l y s t sf o rc h a n g e . S i n c e t h e ys e r v ea l lo f t h en o n p r o fit si nt h ec omm u n i t y , t h e yc a nb r i n g al~ o f th em t o g e t h e rt om ak e t h i n g sh a p p e n . S i n c et h et r u s t e e sand s t a f fo f commun i ty f o u n d a t i o n sl i v ei nt h e i rc omm u n i t i e s , t h e yc a n h e l pn ew i n i t i a t i v e sw i t h t h e i rp e r s o n a l i n v o l v em e n t ,a sw e l l a s w ith f u n d s . W h e n w e l o o ka tt h eM i c h i g a n Commun i ty F o u n d a t i o n You th P r o j e c t ,w e s e e a l lo ft h e s er o l e so ft h e o~ f o u n d a t i o nb e i n gc a l l e di n t o p l a y . I na d d i t i o n ,w e s e e commun i ty f o u n d a t i o n sa sm a n u f a c t u r e r s o f n ew p h i l a n t h r o p h ya n dn ew p h i l a n t h r o p i s t s . Th ey a r et h eg e n e r a t o r , i fyou w i l l , t u r n i n go u tn ew g i v e r sb y h e l p i n g t h e commun i ty t o r a i s e ,m a n a g e , a n dd i s b u r s ec h a r i t a b l ef u n d s . Th e M i c h i g a n Commun i ty F o u n d a t i o n You th P r o j e c t c om b i n e s a l lo f t h e s ef u n c t i o n so ft h eCommun i ty F o u n d a t i o n : 1 . E a ch commun i ty f o u n d a t i o nw i l l r a i s emon ey t om e e t t h em a t c h w i t h t h eh e l po fa l o c a lc omm i t t e e. 2 . E a ch commun i ty f o u n d a t i o n f i e l d o f i n t e r e s tf u n d s . w i l l endow p e rm a n e n t a ch commun i ty f o u n d a t i o nw i l l fo 3 . E rm a n a d v i s o r yc omm i t t e e t h a tw i l l i n v o l v ey o u t h , t h u s t e a c h i n gf u n d r a i s i n ga n d s t ew a r d s h i p . 4 . E a ch commun i ty f o u n d a t i o nw i l l s e r v ea s t h em e e t i n g p l a c e a n dt h et h i n kt a n kf o rn ew i n i t i a t i v e si nt h ecommun i ty . �- 5 - Thus, this initiative will help community foundations to become all that they can be, and when that the communities this happens, it is a fair bet to say in which they live will become all that they can be as well. '1'0 sum it all combination! tomorrow. up, youth and community foundations are a dynamite This initiative will help us identify young leaders of It will help us recruit them. experience in raising money and it will give wise stewardship of charitable funds. It will give them them training in the It will raise fresh money for new needs in communities and permanently endow these funds, so that resources will be there for future generations. It will help communities to grow and to ease the pain and the suffering of those who are hurting. It will enrich the lives of uncounted numbers in incalculable ways. It will enable communi ties to face an uncertain future with an unshakable confidence in their own ability to deal with their own problems. Why Youth? Why Community Foundations? answer to these two questions comes Lincoln. We must remember, Perhaps the most succinct rom the eloquent pen of Abraham however, that he wrote these words nearly a century and a half ago, so I have had the audacity to edit Mr. Lincoln, changing from the masculine singular to the plural, changing "child" to "children", and changing "he" to "they". So, to paraphrase Mr. Lincoln: "Children are the persons who are going to carryon what we have started. we are They are going to sit where we are sitting, and when gone, important. attend We may to adopt those all the things we are but how They will assume control They are going to take over our churches, schools, universities, and corporations. of humanity is in their hands". think policies we please, they are carried out, depends on them. of our cities, states, and nations. which The fate �- 6 It has been my great pleasure to welcome you to Battle Creek today for this launching. the Council of conference in building new a A mere 16 months from now, Michigan Battle Foundations Creek. headquarters, In jus t will fact, be the across in November, holding Kellogg the way, its 1992, annual Foundation is to an provide adequate place for the host committee reception. We look forward to seeing all of you here again at that time to share good news of your accomplishments in the Michigan Community Foundation Youth Project. Thank you very much, and all the best to you as you set out to shape a brighter future for the young people of your communities and our state. JJO/jn 0380N � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1991-06-21_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech, Why Youth? Why Community Foundations? Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given June 21, 1991 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the launching of the Michigan Community Foundation Youth Project. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan W. K. Kellogg Foundation Charities Speeches, addresses, etc. Youth Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1991-06-21 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/aa21c9bf75d8fe008cc6e3352f12a2d3.pdf 080ac7e9e09d65826ee8f3608798fad0 PDF Text Text FOUNDATION CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES ON THE LEGISLATIVE SCENE Russell G. Mawby Chairman, Council on Foundations' Committee on Legislation and Regulation and President, W. K. Kellogg Foundation Clearinghouse for Mid-Continent Foundations Kansas City, Missouri June 15, 1981 I. Introduction I am delighted to be with all of you this afternoon and appreciate the invitation from Marjorie Allen and Linda Hood Talbott to talk about the legislative activities of the Council on Foundations. I will center my comments around the changes which have occurred between foundations and government during the past decade. Specifically, I view today as a time of particular challenge, and opportunity, for further improvement in, and definition of, the relationship and roles of private philanthropy and the public, governmental sector. �2 The area associations, like your own Clearinghouse for Mid-Continent Foundations, will have a crucial impact on how successful we will be in that effort. II. Philanthropy in Kansas City I am particularly pleased to be in Kansas City. Yours is a very special example of how a city can go about a major revitalization that is far sighted, comprehensive and long term in focus. I am familiar with the "Prime Time" campaign which Kansas City leaders launched in the early 70's as a way to promote national awareness about a new and progressive Kansas City. Your new international airport, the Crown Center development, Truman Sports Complex, the new Kemper Arena, and the new performing arts center at the University of Missouri-Kansas City are all indications of that civic pride and achievement. �3 On several occasions, I have read through the History of Philanthropy in Kansas City published last fall by the Clearinghouse for Mid-Continent Foundations. The Clearing- house, the Greater Kansas City Community Foundation, and Linda Hood Talbott, as editor and publisher, have put together what I consider the most comprehensive, interesting, and enlightening profile on philanthropy in one city ever published. What impressed me about the History of Philanthropy in Kansas City was that private giving has flourished in Kansas City with relatively few large family fortunes, but extremely broad community philanthropic support. I wish I could say, as its president, that the W. K. Kellogg Foundation also has been a major contributor to civic efforts in Kansas City. However, our grants in Kansas City over the years have totalled a relatively �4 modest $700,000. Kellogg has made grants to a number of your hospitals and colleges for various projects. The Foundation's single, major impact locally [if one equates impact with dollars] has been its support of your Kansas City Regional Council for Higher Education (KCRCHE). We have provided well over $500,000 to KCRCHE during the past decade to help it improve and coordinate educational services, and faculty development, among member institutions of higher education in the Kansas City region. More important and instrumental than the programming initiatives in Kansas City of any national foundation, I suspect, has been the work of the Kansas City Association of Trusts and Foundations over the past 30 years and at a sum of some $19 million in grants for local initiatives. It is particularly fitting that this afternoon's session is being held in a conference area named after Arthur Mag, �5 who established the Association. His work and that of Homer Wadsworth as its executive director for many years are recognized nationally. The Association has been a model for how relatively small private trusts and foundations can pool their resources in order to employ professional staff and at the same time maintain control over their own funds. Today you are once again taking the lead through the Clearinghouse in providing a model for better services to grantmaking organizations and to grant seekers. I know that the Clearinghouse is the only organization of its kind which provides joint membership on the national Council on Foundations for its local member foundations, companies and banks. I am also aware of the role which the Clearinghouse has played in the incorporation of the new Greater Kansas City Community Foundation . There is little doubt that area associations like the Clearinghouse will have an increasingly larger role in �6 fulfilling a variety of functions to both grantees and grantors. There are now some 1500 foundations, businesses, corporations, banks, and other institutions that make charitable grants which have joined together in associations that relate to a city, a state, or a multi-state region. These cooperating area associations are linked at the national level with the Council on Foundations to engage in a range of joint actions and programs . III. The Changing Philanthropic Climate Since TRA69 Let me turn now to the legislative scene. We have come a long way in changing and improving the philanthropic climate since those troubled times before and immediately after passage of the Tax Reform Act of 1969. The growth in the number and activities of area associations of grantmakers, as well as the strengthened role of the Council on Foundations at the national level, are part of �7 a general awakening during the past decade to the need for improved services to grantees, and a more unified approach to enhancing general public understanding and support for the role of private philanthropy in our society. The Council on Foundations t its members t and the area associations have worked together to achieve significant legislative success in correcting several of the most damaging aspects of the Tax Reform Act of 1969. In 1976, they secured reduction in the private foundation payout requirement from an escalating 6 percent to a flat 5 percent, or all of income. We know now that if the escalating 6 percent payout requirement had remained in effect--and as you may recall it was tied to fluctuating interest rates of U.S. Treasury Bills--it would have created havoc with foundations in terms of their ability to carry out rational investment policy. That escalating type of payout requirement would also have forced many �8 foundations to further deplete their assets in the recent years of high inflation. In 1978, private philanthropy was also successful in securing passage of legislation which reduced the excise tax levied against private foundations from 4 percent to 2 percent. There have been other examples of success in forestalling potentially damaging Internal Revenue Service interpretations of the 1969 Tax Reform Act; for example, relating to pre-1969 business holdings of foundations and lobbying restrictions on non-profit organizations. IV. Recent Legislative Developments In spite of these accomplishments there was recognition in 1979 that the Council on Foundations' growth required a more systematic approach to legislative issues. Consequently, the Council's Board of Directors in late 1979 established �9 an ad hoc committee on legislation and regulation, under the chairmanship of Jean Hennessey, executive director of the Charles Butcher Foundation. In that year, HR4753 was introduced by Congressman Bill Frenzel of Minnesota to eliminate the requirement that foundations payout adjusted net income above the 5 percent minimum investment return. However, no action was taken on the bill. The new ad hoc legislative committee early in 1980 agreed that: * Its membership should be expanded to include more representatives from community and corporate foundations; and * That the Council on Foundations should adopt an affirmative, and active, posture regarding public policy supportive of private initiative for the public good. �10 Shortly thereafter the Council also adopted the recomrnendation that the Committee on Legislation and Regulation be a standing committee. In May 1980, the Committee held legislative hearings at the annual Council on Foundations conference in Dallas and invited all members of the Council to complete and return a short opinion sample which identified members' legislative concerns, issues, priorities, and opinions. At the same time the Committee asked private foundations to complete a more lengthy quest ionnaire. Basic statistical information was needed if we were to convince Congress to change other features of the Internal Revenue Code. Results of the opinion poll of all Council members spotlighted four legislative priorities: �11 * Permit taxpayers who do not itemize their other deductions to deduct gifts to charity (GephardtjConable, PackwoodjMoynihan Bill); * Eliminate the requirement that private foundations must payout income above the minimum investment return of 5 percent; * Allow deduction of gifts of appreciated property to private foundations; and * Establish a procedure to relieve foundations and managers of first-level penalty taxes for inadvertent violations of 1969 rules. The more lengthy questionnaire completed by some 243 private foundations showed that from 1977 to 1979 there had been a decline of 14 percent in the real value of �12 private foundation assets. This taken with other figures revealed that private foundation assets had declined by nearly 40 percent during the decade of the 1970's. The problem and the solution were clear. Private foundations must be permitted to reinvest income over 5 percent, in order to help insure their long-term grantmaking capabilities. The Committee on Legislation and Regulation recommended to the Council's Board, and the Board approved, a set of two immediate legislative priorities: One. To seek action by Congress to eliminate the requirement that private non-operating foundations distribute income earned in excess of 5 percent; and Two. To secure Congressional approval on a number of technical amendments to the Internal Revenue �13 Code, based on more than a decade of experience since TRA69. The Council's Committee on Community Foundations, and Committee on Corporate Philanthropy were asked to advise the legislative committee on any legislative and regulatory matters affecting their specific foundations. The legislative committee noted that community foundations would generally prefer that there be no support test and that their public charity status 'rest on their public characteristics--essentially the facts and circumstances tests that existed under pre-1970 regulations. It was agreed, however, that revisions in the support test for community foundations, and other federal regulations for them, should probably not be sought now in Congress. Changes in the community foundation support test may be a legislative priority in the future, if they cannot be resolved administratively through the Treasury Department. �14 v. Current Legislation As most of you know, legislation has been introduced in both the House and the Senate in this session which would eliminate the "all of Lnc ome " above 5 percent distribution requirement for private, non-operating foundations. HR1364 has been introduced in the House by Congressmen Conable, Brodhead, and Frenzel. Currently, this bill has 22 co-sponsors (of 35 possible) in the House Ways and Means Committee. On the Senate side, the bill is S464 and was introduced by Senators Durenberger and Moynihan. of the bills also include three technical amendments. Both One of the technical amendments would create an exception to current foundation recordkeeping requirements when total grants to a particular grantee do not exceed $10,000. Another would limit the definition of "family member"--for purposes of determining disqualified persons--to children and grandchildren of substantial foundation contributors; �15 , the other would allow foundations to rely on official IRS rulings recognizing the tax status of potential grantees. For example, a large grant from a foundation could cause the grantee to lose or be "tipped" out of its public charity status. The IRS has taken the position that a foundation is not allowed to rely on official IRS rulings as to the grantee's status, but must instead make its own independent and costly investigation of the grantee's financial resources to determine if the proposed grant would have that effect. HRl364 and S464 would correct this, a problem we have been pressing the IRS on, with no results, for eight years . Over past months, a number of Council on Foundations members, and area associations, "have been enlisted to contact their Congressmen in support of the legislation ,a n d to secure additional co-sponsorship of the bills in the House and Senate. �16 A hearing on the Senate bill was held by the Senate Finance Committee's Subcommittee on Taxation and Debt Management on March 30. I testified at that hearing on behalf of the Council as Chairman of its Committee on Legislation and Regulation. In addition, representatives from four national non-profit organizations testified in support of the flat 5 percent annual foundation payout requirement. Those testifying included representatives from the United Way, Girl Scouts of the USA, the National Conference of Catholic Charities, and the United Negro College Fund. Also testifying was John Chapoton, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Tax Policy. Chapoton said the Treasury Department had not yet taken a position on adjustment of the minimum payout requirement, but that Treasury opposed the technical amendments to the bill. We have since met with Chapoton's boss, Undersecretary of the Treasury Norman Ture, to ask his support of the payout change, and �17 to modify the position expressed by Chapoton in testimony before the Senate Finance Subcommittee. Ture is very knowledgeable about the foundation payout problem and we are confident that Treasury will support the payout change if it appears the legislation has a chance for passage. VI. Chances for Passage Currently, the Reagan Administration's tax reduction bills, known as the Economic Recovery Act of 1981, seem to be the primary vehicle for having the foundation payout bill considered in this legislative session. The payout reduction item might be "tacked on" to the tax reduction bill in either the Senate or the House. If so, such action would require consideration in conference committee. The Reagan Administration is adamantly opposed to any items being tacked on to the tax reduction bill, however. The payout reduction item would not be, unless the "flood �18 gates" are opened by other items being added--items which have larger constituencies and, frankly, are perceived as being more important. In the jargon of Capitol Hill, this is known as a "Christmas tree bill"--for the number of legislative "ornaments" being added. Those who should know say the tax reduction bill will not be considered until mid-summer and will probably remain clean . If the situation changes, we will be ready. As I mentioned, a hearing on the payout bill has been held by the Senate Finance Committee. We are working to also have the required hearing on the payout bill in the Select Revenue Measures Subcommittee of the House Ways and Means Committee within the next several weeks. If there is opportunity for the measure being added to the tax reduction bill, we will have completed the hearings and laid the necessary groundwork on both the Senate and House sides . �19 There is also the possibility that the payout measure might be considered on a second tax bill later in the session. A recent issue of the Congressional Index quoted Treasury Secretary Regan, in testimony before the Senate Finance Committee, as saying that if the Administration's Economic Recovery Bill is "kept clean" and passed by the August Congressional recess then the Administration would have a second tax bill ready to present by the time Congressmen get back from the recess. If that indeed turns out to be the case, the payout measure might be included in that next tax package. We don't know what other tax legislation will be considered later in" the year. The payout reduction might also become part of another, completely different piece of legislation in the fall. �20 VII. Support of Area Associations and Foundations The legislative process is complex and confusing, isn't it? Yet, much of what has been accomplished to date in getting the payout legislation introduced, and in securing Senate Finance Committee and House Ways and Means Committee support, has been the result of key Congressional contacts made by individual foundations, area associations and by foundation representatives serving on the Council's Committee on Legislation and Regulation. A two-day Council on Foundations workshop on legislation and regulation was held in Washington, D.C. in mid-February . It was attended by area associations--including those from California, Michigan, and the southeast--and large and small foundations from Florida, Colorado, Texas, and other �21 states across the country. It was the grassroots, personal contacts by representatives from these area associations and private foundations, both while they were in Washington and back at home, which helped insure that the payout reduction bill garnered co-sponsorship by a majority of Ways and Means Committee members in the House. It is here that there are very distinct roles for the Council on Foundations' staff, individual foundations, and area associations. The Council on Foundations office in Washington certainly can and should provide the staff resources to respond quickly to legislative and regulatory matters. The Council can help organize its membership for action, and, for example, for effective testimony before Congress and executive branch agencies. The Council can provide effective, current information to members on legislative developments. But in the final analysis, the Council must also rely �22 heavily upon the area associations and its individual foundation members if there is to be an effective legislative relations program for all of private philanthropy. It is the individual foundations and the area associations, working with their U.S. Senators and Congressmen, that determine whether a legislative program will be successful. Reliance on this type of "grassroots" legislative initiative has been the essence of our efforts to date. In Michigan, for example, we have what our statewide association calls the "Developing Goodwill Program." An individual at a foundation within each Michigan Congressional District is assigned to encourage and coordinate annual contact by trustees and staff from ALL of the foundations in that District with their local Congressman. That includes sending a copy of the foundation's annual report with a personal letter, sponsoring an annual informal luncheon �23 with the Congressman and foundation representatives, and other forms of ongoing communications and contact. I would urge you and the Clearinghouse to consider--if you have not done so already--the creation of a legislative committee to "thrash through" the issues I've described today, other needs which have been identified by your individual foundation members, and also those which are being discussed at the national level within the Council on Foundations and the Independent Sector. In the short term, the Clearinghouse also can, and hopefully will, assist on the payout legislation being considered in Congress. Both Senators John Danforth of Missouri and Bob Dole of Kansas are members of the Senate Finance Committee. Senator Dole chairs that Committee. In the weeks ahead, we may ask the Clearinghouse and its members to consider taking the lead in personal contacts with Senators Dole �24 and Danforth to explain, and seek the Senators' support on, the payout legislation. The current strategy is to continue to firm up support for the foundation payout bill on the House Ways and Means Committee and Senate Finance Committee. The Council on Foundations also will identify 30 or 40 Congressmen who are highly regarded by their peers within the Senate and the House. Individual foundations and the area associations will be asked to brief these Congressmen on the payout legislation. We would hope that ' t h e s e 30 or 40 key Congressmen will then be informed and ready to speak in favor of the payout measure if and when it is considered in the Senate and House as either part of the Administration's tax reduction program or as a separate piece of legislation. �25 VIII. Conclusion I would like to now throw the discussion open for your questions, about either the payout bill or the general legislative program of the Council on Foundations. In closing, however, let me say again how much I appreciate the invitation to be here with you today. My assistant at the Kellogg Foundation, Jim Richmond, is a native of Kansas City, Missouri, and a graduate of the University of Missouri at Kansas City. To hear Jim talk about Kansas City--as I frequently have to do~ ~one would think there is no place quite like, or as good as, the "City of Fountains and Boulevards", the American Royal, and, of course, the Kansas City Royals. You have a remarkable spirit and a remarkable tradition of civic pride, concern and betterment. I hope, and am confident, that the Clearinghouse for Mid-Continent Foundations, and its individual members, �26 also will work with others within the field of private philanthropy to insure that the tradition of private initiative, responsibility, and achievement so evident in Kansas City, remains equally a vital part of our national fabric, our national pride, and our national future. RGM-IH 6/8/81 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby Papers Subject The topic of the resource Charities Family foundations--Michigan Philanthropy and society Description An account of the resource The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell G. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1938-2012 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-01_1981-06-15_RMawby_SPE Title A name given to the resource Russell Mawby speech, Foundation Challenges and Opportunities on the Legislative Scene Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mawby, Russell Description An account of the resource Speech given June 15, 1981 at the Clearinghouse for Mid-Continent Foundations to discuss the legislative activities of the Committee on Legislation and Regulation of the Council on Foundations. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Subject The topic of the resource Philanthropy and society Family foundations--Michigan W. K. Kellogg Foundation Charities Speeches, addresses, etc. Legislation Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1981-06-15 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text