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Text
A FRIENDLY COLLABORATOR LOOKS AT THE POMONA CAMPUS OVER THE YEARS
r
Remarks by Dr . Russell G. Mawby,
Vice President - Programs, W. K. Kel logg Founda ti on,
at t he I na ugural Program for Dr . Robert C. Krmner
California State Polytec hni c College
Pomona, California - October 24, 1967
J
Dr . Emor y W. Mor r i s , President of
~y
to you hi s
g r e e t in ~ s
~arm
has asked me to
and to express hi s s i nc ere regret at not be ing
he re today f or t his inaugural program .
has had a
the~ Foundat ion ,
Si nce t he early 1930 1 s , Dr . Mor r i s
spot i n hi s heart for this campus which he first knew a s
t he home and Arabian hor s e ranc h of his friend and emp l oyer - - phi l a nthropi st
W. K. Kellogg.
He has known your former Pr e s i de nt , Dr. Julian A. McPhee ,
f'cr t.wo decades a nd has observed f or s evera l years t he i mpressive ca r ee r
of your new President, Dr , Robert C. Kramer .
And he has f ollowed with
admiration tr e arnazi.ng growth of this campus of Ca l i f or ni a Sta t e Polytec hni c
Colle ge , with its signifi ca nt increases not only in s i ze of st uden t body
and college plant, but also in quality of academi c program an d graduate s .
For all these reasons, he very much regrets h is inab i l ity to be here wit h
..
you .-«..
In hi s absence, it i s my pr ivilege to repre sent
t his occasion,
OUI
Foundat ion on
Sinc e Dr . Kramer and I were fa culty col league s at Michigan
St a t e University , it is a particular plea sure for me t o be her e .
Howeve r ,
because important part s of Dr. Mor ri s l own l ife and r ecollec t i ons are so
"\ •• I~ e
intertwined wit h the development of thi s camp us , I hope you wi ll regard my
remarks as actually comi ng f r om hi m.
W, K. Kellogg began coming to Califor nia from Mi ch igan i n 1920 ,
vi s i t i ng i n your st ate wi t h fr iends and re l at i ves and also residing f or a
t i me at
t ~e
Desert Inn in Palm Springs .
But t hen he fell in love with
Aza bi.an horses and in 19 25 he asked his physician so n, Ka r l , to help select
t
�- 2 a
sit~
f or an Arabian hor s e ranc h.
Thi s valley, nea r Pomona, proved
ideal , wi t h its plente ous sunshine, its f e r t i l e soils, and a climate
\\fhen Mr. Ke l l ogg noted t he s e plus f'act. cr s ,
re s embling that of Arabi a.
compounded by t he bea uty of the Valley a nd t he surrounding hills, he
"'Ja s mos t enthusias t ic, and t his love for t he area persi ste d t.nr ough t he
balance of his 91 -year life .
Unde r t he direc tion of t he famou s architect, Charles Gibbs Adams,
the 8l 6 - a cr e ranch quickly b e came one of t he b ea ut y sp ot s of Sout he rn
California.
As y ou who know t h is campus a r e aware, t he many building s on
the r an ch were all Spani sh i n style.
Decorative touches i n c l ude d winding
dri ves and walks , ornamental pools and de s cending ri vulets, and great
collections of flower s , trees, and s hr ub s .
The largest building t hen i n t his valley was t he ranch stable of
Moor ish design, soon housing a herd of t he kingliest of multi -purpose
horses, the Arabians .
As a start, t he Chauncey D. Clarke Arabian st ud
ne a r Indio was purchased .
Then t ile s trai n was fur t her i mproved by hor s e s
from Poland, Egypt, and even Arabia, many of them comin g via t he Lady
Wentworth stables in England .
p e r-p e t
The ranch began to playa real part in ~ ~
uat i.ng the Ar a bian horse in Arne r ica and eventually Mr . Kellogg ha d
about 100 Arabian horse s , repre sent i ng an i nvestment exceeding a quarter of
a mi l l ion dollars .
As a par t of t he operat ion, he developed t he Sunday Hor se Shows - -which,
as y ou know, are sti l l a feature here- -where people from t he California
area woul.d come and see t he virtues and ver s a t i l i t y of Ar abian horse s as
caval ry mo unt s, jumpers, a nd 'ilO r k , tric k, polo, and p l e as ur-e no.rse s .
Ea ch
Sunday in those ea:cly days, seve r a l hundreds of peopLe woul.d ga t he r at
the show- z Lng to see wha t might be re garded as t he f irst educational program
on 'ell i s s ite .
~
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.
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e th
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ly
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s
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er
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c
h as a R
e
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ta
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a
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ingc
e
n
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rf
o
rK9dog
s
.
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rm
y sawnof
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r
t
h
e
ru
s
e fo
r th
e hor s ,~ s
e a use
o
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em
e
ch
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tion
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e
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edto t ~e U
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o
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r
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llogg sp
r
an
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ar
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t ana
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o
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l
o
o
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oth
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e
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r
a
l
gov
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tf
romA
rab
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eb
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er
s
. C
on
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r
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ld w
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th S
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tor
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eV
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sC
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e
r
son o
f NeV
IM
ex
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co
, th
en S
ec
re
ta
ry o
fA
g
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c
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l
t
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r
e
,
w
e
r
em
o
s
t h
e
l
p
fu
li
nt
h
el
o
ng and complic
a
ted m
an
euv
e
ri
n
gt
os
av
eth
e
r
a
n
ch
. D
r. Mu
r
r
is p
er
s
o
n
a
llyt
.
esti
.
f
'Le
db
e
t
'c
r
et.
.
eS
ena
te and H
ou
se
e
e
s
) andbo
th t
ot
'
1
e
se C
omm
i
t
tee
sand t
oMe
s
s
r
s
. Know
l
and
A
g
ricu
ltu
ra
l Committ
andNi
x
on h
ep
l
e
d
g
ed t
h
a
ti
fth
er
a
nch shou
ldb
er
e
t
u
r
n
ed t
oth
e Found
a
tion
rou
gh a sp
e
c
i
a
lAc
to
f Con
g
r
ess
,th
ep
rop
er
t
yw
ou
l
dbe pu
tt
ogood u
se
th
f
o
rth
eb
en
e
f
i
to
fth
ep
eop
l
eo
fC
a
l
if
o
r
n
i
a
. Ev
en
t
u
a
l
l
yth
e sa
le w
as c
a
l
l
e
d
o
f
f by a n
ewS
e
cre
ta
r
yo
fA
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
e, C
h
a
r
l
e
sF
. Br
a
nnan
. Asub
sequ
en
t
A
c
to
fC
ong
r
e
s
st
r
a
n
s
f
e
r
r
e
dth
eown
e
r
sh
ip o
fth
er
an
c
hb
a
ck t
ot
h
eK
e
l
logg
F
o
u
nda
t
ion
.
F
o
llow
i
n
gt
h
i
s
,an
umbe
ro
fo
r
g
an
iz
a
tion
s and i
n
s
titu
t
i
on
si
nC
a
l
i
fo
rn
i
a
ex
p
re
ssedth
ei
r
d
e
s
i
r
et
ou
s
e th
er
a
n
ch f
o
ra v
a
r
i
e
t
yo
fpu
rpos
e
s.
M
r. R
oy
S
imp
son, t
h
en Super
i
n
tenden
to
fyou
rS
ta
te D
ep
a
rtm
e
n
to
fEdu
c
a
t
ion and a
i
end o
fD
r
. Morr
i
s
,adv
i
s
ed
: "B
e
f
o
r
eyou d
i
s
p
o
s
eo
f th
ep
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
, I hop
e
fr
you w
ill fam
ilia
r
i
z
e you
rse
lf w
i
ththep
rog
r
am o
fC
a
lP
o
ly
. I
nvi
e
wo
f th
e
�.
.
.
.
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;_
F
o
u
n
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a
t
i
o
n
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ss
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r
e
s
supon t
h
ea
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
no
fknow
l
edg
e(
r
a
t
h
e
rth
an r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
p
e
rs
e
) and upon Co
n
t
i
n
u
i
n
gEdu
c
a
t
ion
,a
i
dt
ofa
rm
e
r
s and f
a
rm
i
n
g
, and
p
r
a
c
ti
c
a
le
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
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, youm
ay w
e
l
l fi
n
dC
a
l Po
ly you
rb
e
s
tbe
t." I
t\-TaS i
n
th
i
sw
ay t
h
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tD
r. Mo
r
r
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s t
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e
nbec
am
ea
c
q
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a
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t
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dw
i
thth
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sOb
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spo
cam
pu
s and i
t
sg
rea
t
eader , ~r
J
u
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cPh
e
e
.
E
n
t
h
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s
i
a
s
tt
h
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th
e is
,
ee p
o
i
n
t
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dou
tt
h
a
tC
a
l Po
ly n
e
ed
ed a Sou
th
e
rn C
a
l
if
o
r
n
i
ac
ampu
s
D
r. McPh
an
dp
ro
g
r
am to c
a
r
r
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o
nt
h
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am
e ou
ts
tand
inga
c
t
i
v:J.
t
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nag
r
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c
u
l
t
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r
eand
ut
h
e
r fie
lds
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sa
tS
an Lu
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bi
s
p
o
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at t
h
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g
c
a
t
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lp
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t
i
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o
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h
eFound
a
t
ion w
e
r
ev
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1967-10-24_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, A Friendly Collaborator Looks at the Pomona Campus Over the Years
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 24, 1967 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Inaugural Program for Dr. Robert C. Kramer at California State Polytechnic College.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
Charities
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Education
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1967-10-24
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4658f7173eae1edc05730cd3859fb26e.pdf
5edc4845439ccc89d08a07d4349fcc67
PDF Text
Text
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National Priorities and Challenges
the Role of the University
and
Russell Mawby, Chairman Emeritus, W. K. Kellogg Foundation
October 22, 1995, 7:00 p.m.
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To preserve knowledge-to provide continuity through archives of
history
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To conduct research-at the frontiers of knowledge
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To transmit knowledge--to teach and share knowledge
Two Trends Characterizing the Academy with Implications for Outreach
1.
The teaching missiori has been, over time. narrowly defined to mean
courses on campus for credentials. as something that happens to
students; has lost "excitement" And this is where
lifelon
,
leaming/outreach/continuing education comes in. Instilling lifelong
learning in every person needs to be more characteristic of teaching.
2.
Research has become omnipotent Need to responsibly relate research
to broader service of community and society.
II.
The National Scene, with Implications for Higher Education
A.
Return to greater commitment to local responsibility and control for addressing
society's problems, cycled back from the move toward federal responsibility
back now to
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Sign,ificance fi r higher education:
JAN 18 '96 13:52
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Skill-building/training for increasing numbers of local civic leaders in
leadership, collaboration, consensus-building, etc., especially elected,
appointed, and volunteer citizens. For example: public health board,
local school boards, jobs training programs, rural and urban day care
programs.
2.
Technical assistance needed to communities from infant care to the
elderly, from job generation to welfare reform, from toxic disposal to
greenscapes in inner cities.
B.
Distinction between the nature of the problems and the solutions we devise.
1.
Problems are complex and penetrating; e.g., inflation, K·12 education,
violence, health care.
2.
Yet solutions tend to be disciplinary, departmental, association-oriented.
Significance for higher education:
1.
Need to blend specialties and disciplines to address political. cultural,
and economic sides of problems.
2.
Need to provide creative leadership to decisionmakers in government to
mobilize that which we know to address problems (other than building
more prisons, e.g.).
3.
C.
Must be more committed to synthesizing knowledge.
Limitless new opportunities provided by technology to education and to
society-at-large in distance learning, computers, etc.
Significance for higher education:
1.
In general, the undergraduate experience has changed relatively little:
No systemic implementation of technological potential
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
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JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
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JCPA-01_1995-10-22_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Fulfilling Higher Education's Covenant With Society: The Emerging Outreach Agenda
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 22, 1995 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Capstone Symposium of the Michigan State University Lifelong Education Grant.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Education
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1995-10-22
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0ec3c1bde8b358728f6db953dc42e198.pdf
807da749d7cbae0ed69e2c44b004d1dc
PDF Text
Text
LOOKING AHEAD AT FOUNDATION LEGISLATIVE ISSUES
DR. RUSSELL G. ~~WBY, PRESIDENT
W. K. KELLOGG FOUNDATION
October 22, 1981
Grand Rapids, Michigan
1.
I am delighted to be with you today.
It is always a
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pleasure to return to my hometown and to visit with friends
.
associated with Grand Rapids foundations.
I want to than: -
II.
Pete and Dottie suggested that I talk briefly about
foundation legislative initiatives, and how the grant-making
community might respond to the understandable cries of
concern from institutions and programs facing state and
federal funding cuts.
,~
~
Pete Wege and Dottie Johnson for the opportunity.
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s
,
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o
s
to
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t
h
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e
rm
sand r
e
s
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r
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s
. I
'
l
l
r
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t
u
r
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e
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l
a
t
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e
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.
�3
How
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e
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st
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s
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n
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i
c
a
t
e
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rd
s and t
h
e
i
r
im
p
l
i
e
dm
e
an
ing a
r
e im
p
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r
t
a
n
t
. A
t t
im
e
s
,t
h
e
ya
r
ea
l
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o
q
u
i
t
e amu
s
ing
. My wo
rk g
i
v
e
sm
e an o
p
p
o
r
t
u
n
i
t
yt
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r
a
v
e
l
som
e
. Af
ew y
e
a
r
s ago I w
a
si
nB
r
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z
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s s
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t
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c
t
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.
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sP
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s d
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t
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l
a
n
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o
rt
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t
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.
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r
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r
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a
l
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p
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r
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and donk
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a
sa s
o
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w
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r
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n
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e
r
s
t
a
n
d
a
b
l
e
.
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ev
e
r
, t
h
et
r
a
n
s
l
a
t
o
rw
an
t
ed t
ob
eal
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e s
o
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and o
f
f
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c
i
a
lsound
ingsoh
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romc
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s
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q
u
i
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s
, and "
a
s
i
n
i
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e
s
.
"
�4
We've had the same problem with the bureaucrats in
Washington over the past decade.
They have too often,
perhaps out of a sense of pompous self worth and self righteousness,
distorted the English language to confuse issues and cultivate
their concepts of social engineering.
And as I said, that
has been particularly so in the wording of I.R.S. regulations
and restrictions on private philanthropy.
III.
We can be thankful, however, that the atmosphere of
distrust, conflict and skepticism between the governmental,
private, and business sectors seems to be changing, due to
several Reagan administration initiatives.
Orator-statesmen
Henry Clay said over a century ago that "government is a
trust, and the officers of the government are trustees; and
both the trust and the trustees are caretakers for the
benefit of the people."
There is a noticeable similarity
- ,
�5
b
e
tw
e
e
nt
h
a
tc
r
e
d
oa
n
dt
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lp
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, i
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h
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r
i
t
a
b
l
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o
u
n
d
a
t
i
o
n
s
.
My p
o
i
n
ti
st
h
a
tt
h
ef
e
d
e
r
a
lg
o
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e
r
nm
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. By w
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1969 a
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t
.
-
I
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9
7
6
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t
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e know now t
h
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xp
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r
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so
fm
any
~
1978
,p
r
i
v
a
t
ep
h
i
l
a
n
t
h
r
o
p
y
�also was successful in getting the excise tax levied against
private foundations reduced from four to two percent.
This year's major tax legislation -- the Economic
Recovery Act of 1981 -- brought another important improvement
in the law for private foundations.
The tax act eliminates
the requirement that grant-making foundations distribute
their entire current income annually.
Effective January 1,
1982, it establishes a flat five percent payout rate.
The
new law will free foundations to take advantage of investments
which are most productive.
Further, it will increase the
total amount of foundation grants ; after a short transition
period, by expanding the asset base on which the five percent
annual payout requirement is applied.
It is, ln sum, good
for both foundations and their grantees.
It is not too immodest to note that Michigan foundations
provided crucial leadership and support for this legislation.
Our foundations, working through the state Council, and with
�7
the leadership of Dottie Johnson, Bill White, Bill Allen,
and others, secured the Democratic prime co-sponsor for the
bill, Congressman Bill Brodhead.
Michigan foundations also
worked through grantees and through personal visits on liThe
Hill"
in Washington to secure support from other Michigan
Congressmen, including Guy Vander Jagt, Howard Wolpe, and
Senator Don Reigle.
The reality is that the measure wouldn't
have been approved without the coordinated efforts of Michigan
foundations.
And as I noted earlier, the payout change will
give foundations thA option to reinvest a portion of their
income to offset inflation over the years ahead.
IV.
This changing and more positive relationship between
private philanthrophy and government, reflected in recent
legislative action, also encompasses continuing and new
challenges for foundations.
Much has been said and written
�8
a
b
o
u
tr
e
d
u
c
t
i
o
ni
nf
e
d
e
r
a
ls
p
e
n
d
i
n
gf
o
rs
o
c
i
a
lp
r
o
g
r
am
s
.
And w
h
e
t
h
e
rg
r
a
n
tm
a
k
e
r
s v
i
ew t
h
eR
e
a
g
a
nA
dm
i
n
i
s
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
'
s
f
i
s
c
a
lp
o
l
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i
e
sp
o
s
i
t
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v
e
l
yo
rn
e
g
a
t
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y
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r
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et
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el
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do
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s
. How g
r
a
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r
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.
Ab
r
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fo
v
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x
t
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to
fp
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s
. S
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. 1981 A
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�9
probable that foundations an
a t i o n s together will
(
make grants next year of slightly more than $5 billion.
By
contrast, Congress approved federal spending cuts of seven
times that amount in July for just fiscal year 1982, and the
President requested $13 billion in additional reductions
last month.
It is clear that private philanthropy cannot
fill the gap created by cutbacks in public funding.
It should also be recognized that some of the cutbacks
are of expenditures which have been described as "wasteful,
unnecessary, or not cost effective."
To the extent that may
be true, they should not be rescued by support from other
sources.
I am of the opinion, personally, that there cannot be,
-
and should not be, any single "unified" response by foundations
nationwide to the difficulties associated with the federal
cutbacks.
Historically, many foundations have seen their role
more as a catalyst for identifying and addressing emerging
�10
i
s
s
u
e
sa
n
dp
r
o
b
l
em
s
;r
a
t
h
e
rt
h
a
np
r
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v
i
d
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n
gf
u
n
d
sf
o
rs
h
o
r
t
t
e
rm
s
o
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i
a
ln
e
e
d
sa
n
dc
r
i
s
e
s
. T
h
a
ti
sn
o
tt
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a
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~
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��13
to make available, in one document, almost all information
which potential grant-seekers require.
We should encourage
our peers in the foundation field to fully comply with
filling out and submitting the 990AR Form and to adopt
policies which stress public accountability and open access
to grant-making information.
The latter can also be achieved
through publication of a brief foundation annual report, and
the listing of a foundation's address and phone number in
the local telephone directory.
Today, foundations, and private philanthropy in general,
have no real option but to work more effectively togeth er,
and individually, to increase their public accountability.
Foundations will continue to receive close public and Congressional
scrutiny.
That scrutiny may be accentuated by the federal
cutbacks.
In light of such cutbacks, Congressman Rosenthal
of New York recently asked for a federal General Accounting
Office review of I.R.S. auditing of foundations.
There is
~
the possibility that hearings on foundation reporting may be
held in the U.S. Senate.
In my view, Foundations which do
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�16
have considerable annual income from previous large bequests.
The more overall income community foundations have, the more
they must raise from the local community.
It is almost --
indeed it is -- a "catch 22" situation in which the more
successful you are at raising funds the heavier you are
penalized.
And we must look at more than just tax laws, regulations,
and definitions.
As a nation, we must decide if we really
want to encourage volunteerism, a movement which has given a
special quality to American life.
I am encouraged by the
Reagan Administration's willingness to address issues of
voluntary giving and service in our society.
VII.
Certainly it would seem that both government and philanthropy
are being challenged in these days of cutback, recession,
and program termination to fashion more efficient , more
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Identifier
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JCPA-01
Coverage
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1938-2012
Text
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Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
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JCPA-01_1981-10-22_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Looking Ahead at Foundation Legislative Issues
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 22, 1981 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation to discuss the legislative activities of the foundation with Grand Rapids foundations.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Legislation
Language
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eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
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1981-10-22
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/1717f6a59cccf98dbd80672b6d91dc87.pdf
3da63e95f57d54178b888dde44fc21f1
PDF Text
Text
HEALTH SYSTEM OUT OF SYNC:
A LAYMAN'S PERSPECTIVE
REMARKS BY
DR. RUSSELL G. MAWBY
INFORMATIONAL MEETING FOR THE
W. K. KELLOGG FOUNDATION'S
HEALTH PROFESSION'S EDUCATION INITIATIVE
CHICAGO MARRIOTT DOWNTOWN
OCTOBER 17, 1989
I
I WELCOME THE OPPORTUNITY TO BE WITH YOU TODAY TO SHARE A
FEW OBSERVATIONS ABOUT REFORM IN HEALTH PROFESSIONS
EDUCATION FROM A LAYMAN'S PERSPECTIVE.
I HAVE CERTAINLY
ENJOYED THE EXCHANGE OF THE MORNING SESSION AND FOUND YOUR
QUESTIONS MOST PROVOCATIVE.
I WANT TO THANK EACH OF YOU AND
YOUR INSTITUTIONS FOR EXPRESSING BY YOUR PRESENCE YOUR
INTEREST IN THE FOUNDATION'S NEW INITIATIVE IN HEALTH
PROFESSIONS EDUCATION.
IT IS APPARENT FROM YOUR COMMENTS
THAT THE AGENDA THAT THE FOUNDATION HAS PUT BEFORE YOU IS A
CHALLENGING ONE INDEED -- CALLING FOR HEALTH PROFESSIONS
�2.
EDUCATION TO EXAMINE DEEPLY ITS LONG-STANDING PATTERNS AND
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES.
THUS FAR, THE RESPONSE TO THIS
INITIATIVE HAS BEEN VARIED, AS WE WOULD EXPECT.
IS A PATTERN.
YET, THERE
YOu RECOGNIZE THE DIFFICULTY IN WHAT WE ARE
ASKING AND THE NEED THAT IT BE DONE.
THE TIME IS RIGHT FOR
SOME INSTITUTIONS TO REACH OUT -- TO LINK WITH PEOPLE AND
COMMUNITIES, TO CREATE ACADEMIC PARTNERSHIPS THAT WILL
INFLUENCE HEALTH PROFESSIONS EDUCATION AND HEALTH CARE IN
THE DECADES TO COME.
ALL OF YOU IN THIS ROOM KNOW ONLY TOO WELL THAT THE
PROCESSES OF INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE, CAREFULLY DESIGNED TO
PROTECT US ALL FROM HASTY DECISION OR IMPULSIVE ACTION, CAN
AS EASILY SERVE TO SMOTHER A FLAME OF INNOVATION.
MAY YOU
HAVE THE COURAGE, THE ENERGY, AND THE GENIUS TO AVOID THAT
BEING THE CASE -- AGAIN.
�3.
I AM IMPRESSED WITH THIS GATHERING.
EVERYONE IS HERE.
USUALLY, PHYSICIANS TALK WITH PHYSICIANS, NURSES WITH
NURSES, PUBLIC HEALTH SPECIALISTS WITH SOCIOLOGISTS AND
POLITICAL SCIENTISTS, AND DENTISTS WITH THEMSELVES.
BUT ALL
DIMENSIONS OF THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS ARE REPRESENTED IN THIS
MEETING -- THE BASIC SCIENCES, MEDICINE, DENTISTRY, NURSING,
ADMINISTRATION, PHARMACY, PUBLIC HEALTH, THE ALLIED HEALTH
FIELDS.
REMARKABLE!
WONDERFUL!
SOME OF YOU WILL BE THE
VANGUARD IN MOVING FORWARD, IN TANGIBLE AND GRATIFYING WAYS,
THE CONCEPT AND GENIUS OF THE ACADEMIC HEALTH CENTER -- AT
THE MOMENT ACCOMPLISHED IN DISCIPLINARY SCIENTIFIC
CONTRIBUTIONS, BUT WITH THEIR POTENTIAL UNFULFILLED IN
PREPARING HEALTH PROFESSIONALS SPECIALLY SUITED FOR
ADVOCATING AND DELIVERING COMPREHENSIVE HEALTH CARE TO
COMMUNITIES, BENEFITS WHICH THEREFORE ARE NOT YET REALIZED.
�4.
AS ALREADY INDICATED, MY BACKGROUND AND MY GRADUATE
EDUCATION ARE IN AGRICULTURE.
I COME TO YOU AS A LAYMAN,
HOPEFULLY AN uINFORMED LAYMAN u WHOSE ROLE AS CHIEF EXECUTIVE
OFFICER OF A FOUNDATION -- WHICH EACH YEAR PROVIDES ABOUT
$40 MILLION FOR DEMONSTRATION PROGRAMS IN HEALTH EDUCATION,
SERVICES, AND DELIVERY -- OBLIGATES ME TO BE AWARE OF ISSUES
IN THE FIELD.
I STILL RECALL VIVIDLY A SERIES OF uRUDE
AWAKENINGS u AS I FIRST BECAME INVOLVED IN THE FOUNDATION'S
PROGRAMMING IN HEALTH.
I WAS DISMAYED, SHOCKED, DISAP-
POINTED BY MUCH OF WHAT I LEARNED OF THE INNER WORKINGS,
BOTH IN EDUCATION AND PRACTICE.
WHILE THERE IS MUCH TO BE
ADMIRED AND PRAISED, THE STARK REALITIES WHICH BECAME CLEAR,
TARNISHED AND ERODED THE PINNACLE UPON WHICH THE HEALTH
PROFESSIONS HAD RESIDED IN MY MIND.
I HAVE TRIED TO LEARN
WISELY AND TO CAREFULLY PLACE THE VARIOUS COMPONENTS IN
PROPER PERSPECTIVE AND BALANCE.
IN SO DOING, I HAVE HAD TO
�5.
LEARN THE LEXICON OF THE HOSPITAL HALLWAYS AND THE
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RADIOLOGY AND RHEUMATOLOGY; TO RECOGNIZE
A "THIRD PARTY PAYOR" WHEN I SEE ONE; TO UNDERSTAND THAT
"FOUR-HANDED DENTISTRY" DOESN'T REFER TO A CLUMSY
PRACTITIONER OR A CARNIVAL FREAK; AND TO APPRECIATE A CAREER
LADDER IN NURSING (BUT I MUST CONFESS I STILL CANNOT
DISTINGUISH EASILY A NURSE PRACTITIONER FROM ONE WHO IS NOT).
ACTUALLY I BRING MORE BAGGAGE THAN THAT TO THIS MEETING.
I
GREW UP ON A FARM IN WEST CENTRAL MICHIGAN, NOT REALLY
"RURAL RURAL" BECAUSE THE HOMEPLACE IS NOW PART OF A SUBURB
OF GRAND RAPIDS, BUT A FARM NONETHELESS AND IN A FAMILY
WHICH ENJOYED FOR YEARS THE SPLENDID SERVICES OF A COUNTRY
DOCTOR, DR. JAY D. VYN.
HIS WIFE WAS HIS OFFICE
NURSE/RECEPTIONIST; LATER HIS DAUGHTER SERVED IN THAT ROLE
ALSO.
THEY WORKED TOGETHER IN HARMONY -- WE NOW CALL THAT
�6.
JOINT PRACTICE -- SUPPORTIVE OF EACH OTHER, THE PATIENT, THE
FAMILY.
I AM NOT A NOSTALGIA BUFF, YEARNING FOR THE GOOD
OLD DAYS -- A RETURN TO THE OUTHOUSE, TUBERCULOSIS, AND
BLOOD LETTING -- BUT THERE WERE SOME THINGS IN THAT PATTERN
WHICH SHOULD STILL SERVE US WELL.
BUT PERHAPS MY BEST QUALIFICATION FOR BEING HERE TODAY IS
NOT THAT OF A FOUNDATION EXECUTIVE, BUT SIMPLY A LAYMAN
A SON, HUSBAND, PARENT, CONCERNED CITIZEN.
I HAVE BEEN
BLESSED WITH GOOD HEALTH AND SO· MY PERSONAL INVOLVEMENT WITH
THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM HAS BEEN MINIMAL.
BUT I HAVE HAD
MORE THAN ENOUGH OPPORTUNITY TO BE DEEPLY INVOLVED -EMOTIONALLY AND IN EVERY OTHER WAY -- IN MY RESPONSIBILITIES
AND RELATIONSHIPS WITH BROTHERS AND SISTERS, PARENTS,
FRIENDS.
I HAVE SPENT MORE HOURS THAN I CARE TO REMEMBER
AT A HOSPITAL BEDSIDE, LEANING ON THE WALL OF A HOSPITAL
�7.
CORRIDOR, SITTING ENDLESSLY IN A WAITING ROOM.
I HAVE
SOUGHT INFORMATION AND ASSISTANCE IN EVERY CONCEIVABLE WAY
ASKING, BEGGING, CAJOLING, THREATENING -- TO GET A TIDBIT
OF INFORMATION, A GLIMPSE OF THE TRUTH, A GLIMMER OF
UNDERSTANDING.
I HAVE EXPERIENCED IT ALL -- TRIUMPHS AND
TRAGEDIES, COMPASSION, ARROGANCE, SELFLESSNESS, INSENSITIVE
CALLOUSNESS, BOTH THE BRILLIANCE AND THE PETTINESS OF THE
CARING PROFESSIONS YOU REPRESENT.
SO THE PERSPECTIVE I
BRING IS THAT OF A LAYMAN -- A CONCERNED INDIVIDUAL, A
GRATEFUL BENEFICIARY, A CONSTRUC J.IVE CRITIC, AN EAGER
PARTICIPANT IN THE UNENDING PROCESS OF MAKING THE SUPERB
HEALTH SYSTEM AND SITUATION WE HAVE TODAY EVEN MORE
RESPONSIVE, EFFECTIVE, AND SATISFYING.
�8.
II
You ARE EDUCATORS, THOSE CHARGED WITH KEY RESPONSIBILITIES
IN THE PREPARATION OF THE PROFESSIONALS WHO DESIGN, MANAGE,
AND CONDUCT THE AFFAIRS OF OUR HEALTH CARE SYSTEM -- ITS
VARIOUS COMPONENTS, INSTITUTIONS, AND PROGRAMS.
TOMORROW.
YOU SHAPE
W. K. KELLOGG SAID IT WELL, "EDUCATION OFFERS THE
GREATEST OPPORTUNITY FOR REALLY IMPROVING ONE GENERATION
OVER ANOTHER."
YOU ARE VITAL PARTICIPANTS IN THE SELECTION
AND MOLDING OF PHYSICIANS, NURSE S, PHARMACISTS, DENTISTS,
AND OTHER HEALTH PROFESSIONALS OF THE FUTURE.
YOu HELP TO
DETERMINE THE CRITERIA BY WHICH THE TOUGH DECISIONS ARE MADE
AS TO WHO IS IN AND WHO IS OUT; YOU SHAPE THE PATTERN OF
EXPERIENCES TO WHICH THEY ARE EXPOSED AND THE RIGORS TO
WHICH THEY ARE SUBJECTED, AND YOU ESTABLISH THE CRITERIA BY
WHICH THEIR SUCCESS OR FAILURE IS DETERMINED.
THUS,
�9.
ULTIMATELY, YOU INFLUENCE THE SHAPE, THE CHARACTER, THE
PERSONALITY, THE MORALITY OF THAT WHICH WE CALL OUR HEALTH
CARE SYSTEM.
WE ARE GRATEFUL FOR THE DEGREE TO WHICH YOU
SUCCEED; WE WORRY ABOUT THE WHYS, THE HOWS, AND THE SO WHATS
OF THE JOB YOU DO AND WE ARE THE BENEFICIARIES -- OR THE
VICTIMS -- OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF YOUR EFFORTS.
QUITE FRANKLY, I HAVE STRUGGLED WITH HOW I MIGHT MOST
PRODUCTIVELY APPROACH MY ASSIGNMENT TODAY.
My FIRST
INCLINATION WAS TO APPROACH THE ·TASK AS I ALWAYS APPROACH
DOCTORS AND NURSES -- HAT IN HAND, IN AWE AND IN ADMIRATION
OF THOSE WHO ARE PRIVILEGED TO SERVE AND INFLUENCE SO
INTIMATELY THE HUMAN CONDITION.
DESPITE MANY EXPERIENCES
WHICH ABUSE THAT IDYLLIC IMAGE, TO ME THERE IS NO HIGHER
CALLING THAN THE CARING PROFESSIONS YOU REPRESENT.
�10.
BUT I HAVE CHOSEN A DIFFERENT COURSE IN PURSUING MY TASK
TODAY.
QUITE SIMPLY, I LEANED BACK IN MY CHAIR AND SAID,
"SUPPOSE I WERE A HEALTH PROFESSIONS EDUCATOR.
DO?"
WHAT WOULD I
AS A LOGICAL FIRST STEP, I THEN PURSUED THE QUESTION,
"IF I COULD DESIGN IT, WHAT KIND OF HEALTH CARE ARRANGEMENT
WOULD I LIKE FOR THE MAWBY FAMILY?"
THIS IS NOT AN IDLE OR
AN IMPULSIVE QUESTION; IT IS ONE I HAVE BEEN ASKING MYSELF,
MEMBERS OF OUR FOUNDATION PROGRAM STAFF, LEADERS IN THE
HEALTH PROFESSIONS FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS.
I HAVE FINALLY
CONCLUDED THAT IDEALLY I WOULD HAVE THE MAWBY FAMILY
AFFILIATED WITH A SMALL TEAM OF PROFESSIONALS -- PERHAPS
SOME COMBINATION OF PRIMARY CARE PHYSICIANS, ONE OR MORE
DENTISTS, NURSE PRACTITIONERS, WITH A RECEPTIONIST/
BOOKKEEPER, OTHER SUPPORT PERSONNEL IN NURSING AND THE
ALLIED HEALTH FIELDS.
THIS GROUP WOULD HAVE APPROPRIATE
PRIVILEGES WITH COMMUNITY HOSPITALS AND REFERRAL
ARRANGEMENTS WITH SPECIALISTS.
�11.
PHILOSOPHICALLY THE GROUP WOULD BE COMMITTED TO A PROGRAM OF
HEALTH PROMOTION/DISEASE PREVENTION OR HEALTH MAINTENANCE,
AS WELL AS TREATMENT OF ILLNESS.
Now
LET'S TAKE A MOMENT TO
CONSIDER THIS MODEL.
FIRST, THE CORE OF THE GROUP WOULD BE PRIMARY CARE
PHYSICIANS, CONCERNED WITH THE INDIVIDUAL AND WITH THE
FAMILY.
WHEN OUR PERSONAL PRIMARY CARE PHYSICIAN WAS AWAY,
WE WOULD BE COVERED BY ONE OF HIS GROUP PARTNERS WHO WOULD
HAVE COMPLETE ACCESS TO OUR HEALJH RECORDS.
WHEN WARRANTED,
THESE PRACTITIONERS WOULD INVOLVE APPROPRIATE SPECIALISTS
FOR CONSULTATION AND/OR TREATMENT.
THEY WOULD BE WORKING IN HARMONY WITH NURSE PRACTITIONERS.
VERY OFTEN MY MINOR COMPLAINTS DO NOT REQUIRE THE ATTENTION
OR TIME OF A BOARD-CERTIFIED SPECIALIST.
I AM QUITE CONTENT
�12.
TO BE TREATED BY A COMPETENT NURSE PRACTITIONER, WITH CONFIDENCE THAT IF SHE IDENTIFIES A PROBLEM THAT SHE THINKS
REQUIRES FURTHER EXPERTISE, SHE WILL INVOLVE HER PHYSICIAN
COLLEAGUES.
IT SEEMS TO ME DEPLORABLE, IN FACT INEXCUSABLE,
THAT THE COMPETENCE OF THE NURSING PROFESSION IS PROVIDED SO
FEW OPPORTUNITIES TO CONTRIBUTE MAXIMALLY TO HUMAN HEALTH
CARE.
THE PUBLIC, I AM CONVINCED, WOULD WELCOME SUCH
MODIFICATION.
THE PROBLEM LIES NOT WITH THE CONSUMERS, BUT
IN THE PROFESSIONS AND THEIR WORKING RELATIONSHIPS, OR LACK
THEREOF.
WITHIN THE TEAM, PRIMARY CARE PRACTITIONERS WOULD OF COURSE
CONTRIBUTE THEIR APPROPRIATE SPECIALITIES TO THE GROUP
ENTERPRISE, AS WOULD THE OTHER HEALTH PROFESSIONALS.
THE DENTIST?
AND
AS A LAYMAN, I DON'T UNDERSTAND WHY THE
PROFESSION OF DENTISTRY IS PRACTICED IN ISOLATION -- PERHAPS
�13.
SPLENDID ISOLATION -- BUT NONETHELESS ISOLATION FROM THE
MAINSTREAM OF THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM.
THE PROBLEMS OF MY
TEETH AND MY MOUTH ARE NOT ISOLATED FROM THE REST OF ME, AND
I BELIEVE, CAN HAVE IMPACT THROUGHOUT THE BODY.
THUS, THE
FAILURE OF THE PROFESSION TO ADDRESS THIS IDIOSYNCRASY IN
THE PRESENT PATTERN OF PRACTICE IS DIFFICULT TO FATHOM.
AND THE EMPHASIS ON HEALTH PROMOTION/DISEASE PREVENTION?
YOu IN THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS HAVE DESIGNED A SYSTEM WHICH
COMPENSATES YOU ONLY FOR THE TREATMENT OF MY ILLNESS OR
INJURY.
I CAN ENGAGE SPECIALISTS TO DESIGN AND IMPLEMENT A
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE PROGRAM FOR MY AIR CONDITIONER AT
HOME, OR THE ELEVATOR OR DUPLICATING MACHINE AT MY OFFICE.
OR -- CLOSER TO OUR TOPIC TODAY -- I CAN CONTRACT WITH MY
VETERINARIAN FOR A HERD HEALTH PROGRAM FOR MY HORSES.
SUCH A CONTRACTURAL ARRANGEMENT, I ALWAYS HAVE
IN
�14.
RESPONSIBILITIES WHICH I MUST FULFILL IF THAT CONTRACT IS TO
BE VALID.
IN SIMILAR FASHION, I WOULD LIKE TO COMPENSATE A
HEALTH CARE GROUP FOR THE DESIGN AND THE CONTINUING
MONITORING, WITH MY FULL PARTICIPATION AND FULFILLMENT OF MY
OBLIGATIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES, OF A MAINTENANCE CONTRACT
FOR MY MOST PRECIOUS POSSESSION -- MY HEALTH AND THAT OF MY
FAMILY.
WHY HAVE THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS BEEN SO
UNIMAGINATIVE, SO UNCREATIVE, SO UNRESPONSIVE IN THIS AREA?
SO, THAT'S A BRIEF INSIGHT FROM ·A LAYMAN'S PERSPECTIVE OF
ONE MODEL OF AN "IDEAL PRIMARY CARE ARRANGEMENT."
THERE CAN
-- AND SHOULD -- BE MANY OTHERS, TO PROVIDE PRIMARY CARE TO
DIVERSE CLIENT GROUPS IN VARIED SETTINGS.
AT THE
FOUNDATION, WE ARE NOT IN THE BUSINESS OF PRESCRIBING MODELS
AND WE HOPE MANY CREATIVE IDEAS WILL ARISE OUT OF THE NEW
INITIATIVE.
SO, THAT'S AS FAR AS I WILL GO TODAY AS A
�15.
LAYMAN.
AS EXPERTS, YOU WILL GIVE FURTHER CONSIDERATION
RELATING TO SECONDARY AND TERTIARY LEVELS OF CARE, OFFERING
THE BENEFITS OF SUPERB SPECIALIZATION AND SOPHISTICATED
TECHNOLOGY AND LINKING PRIMARY CARE PROVIDERS ULTIMATELY TO
THE RICH RESOURCES OF RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS AND ACADEMIC
HEALTH CENTERS.
WITH MODERN COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY,
PRACTITIONERS IN EVEN THE MOST REMOTE LOCATIONS CAN BE IN
TOUCH WITH COLLEAGUES FOR CONSULTATION AND COUNSEL ON A
CONTINUING BASIS.
YOu WILL THINK OF PEOPLE FOR THEIR NEEDS,
AND LOOSEN YOUR GRIP ON THE TECHNOLOGY THAT STRENGTHENS THE
CONFIDENCE OF PHYSICIANS, BUT LITTLE COMPASSION TO PATIENTS.
AS A LAYMAN SURVEYING THE HEALTH CARE SCENE TODAY -- BOTH IN
EDUCATION AND IN PRACTICE -- I SEE THE "BITS AND PIECES" AS
SUPERB.
By "BITS AND PIECES" I REFER TO OUR PROFESSIONAL
SCHOOLS, IN MEDICINE, NURSING, DENTISTRY, PHARMACY,
�16.
ADMINISTRATION, ALLIED HEALTH, ALL THE REST; THE
PROFESSIONS, WITH DEDICATED AND COMPETENT INDIVIDUALS AND
EFFECTIVE ASSOCIATIONS; THE VARIOUS PRACTICE SETTINGS,
INCLUDING SOLO AND GROUP OFFICES, CLINICS, HOSPITALS,
RESEARCH AND TEACHING CENTERS.
ALL SUPERB; WITHOUT
QUESTION, THE FINEST IN THE WORLD.
BUT I HAVE THE UNEASY FEELING THAT TOO LITTLE THOUGHT AND
EFFORT HAS BEEN GIVEN TO RATIONALIZING THE WHOLE, WITH AN
OBJECTIVE OF SERVING MAXIMALLY THE INTERESTS OF THE ULTIMATE
BENEFICIARIES.
THE "TOTAL SYSTEM" (THIS PHRASE SOUNDS
TIDIER, MORE PRESCRIBED AND RESTRICTIVE THAN INTENDED OR
POSSIBLE) -- WITH MULTIPLE ALTERNATIVES AND PLURALISM IN
EVERY SENSE -- SHOULD BE PARTICULARLY SENSITIVE TO THE
PUBLIC IT SERVES AND BY WHICH IT IS SUSTAINED, SUBJUGATING
THE MORE SELFISH INTERESTS OF PROFESSIONS AND INSTITUTIONS
�17.
TO THE HIGHER PURPOSE.
WE LACK A "GRAND DESIGN" OR A SERIES
OF GRAND DESIGNS WHICH BRING TOGETHER IN MOST EFFECTIVE WAYS
THE EXPERTISE OF THE VARIOUS HEALTH PROFESSIONS, AND
NETWORKING MORE EFFICIENTLY THE RESOURCES OF THE HEALTH CARE
INSTITUTIONS OF OUR SOCIETY.
WISELY DONE, BUILDING ON THE
TERRIFIC STRENGTHS OF THE DAY BUT RESPONDING OBJECTIVELY AND
SENSITIVELY TO THE DEMAND AND UNMET NEEDS OF THE PUBLIC, THE
RESULT SURELY WILL BE FAR GREATER THAN THE SIMPLE SUM OF THE
PARTS OF WHICH IT IS COMPRISED.
AS EDUCATORS IT IS YOUR CHALLENGE TO FULFILL SUCH A VISION
AND GOAL.
IT IS NOT ENOUGH TO BE SIMPLY A NURSE EDUCATOR OR
A MEDICAL EDUCATOR.
YOu MUST SEE THE LARGER PICTURE, WITH
ITS STRENGTHS AND SHORTCOMINGS, AND MOVE RELENTLESSLY TOWARD
THE REALIZATION OF THE BETTER SITUATION.
UNIVERSITIES, OF
WHICH THE SCHOOLS OF THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS ARE A PART, ARE
�18.
THE KNOWLEDGE RESERVOIRS OF OUR SOCIETY, ESTABLISHED AND
SUSTAINED TO PRESERVE, CREATE, AND TRANSMIT KNOWLEDGE.
AN
UNENDING CHALLENGE IS THAT OF MOBILIZING THESE KNOWLEDGE
RESOURCES IN EVER MORE EFFECTIVE WAYS TO DEAL WITH THE
CONCERNS OF SOCIETY.
WHILE THERE IS MUCH IN THE HEALTH CARE SCENE IN THIS COUNTRY
OF WHICH YOU CAN BE JUSTIFIABLY PROUD, THERE IS STILL MUCH
"UNFINISHED BUSINESS."
HOPEFULLY THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS
WITH YOU AS EDUCATORS IN THE VANGUARD -- WILL PROVIDE
AGGRESSIVE AND IMAGINATIVE LEADERSHIP IN ADDRESSING ISSUES
OF CONCERN, LEST THE RESPONSIBILITY FALL BE DEFAULT TO THOSE
LESS ABLE.
�19.
III
RECENT HEALTH PROGRAMMING OF THE W. K. KELLOGG FOUNDATION
FOCUSES ON COMMUNITY-BASED HEALTH SERVICES, AS YOU HAVE
HEARD FROM OUR HEALTH PROGRAM TEAM THIS MORNING.
SINCE 1987
MORE THAT 30 PROJECTS HAVE BEEN FUNDED BY THE FOUNDATION FOR
COMMUNITY-BASED, PROBLEM-FOCUSED HEALTH SERVICES.
LET ME
TELL YOU ABOUT THREE OF THEM.
FIRST, THERE IS THE PROJECT CONDUCTED FOR AND BY THE
RESIDENTS OF AN ATLANTA PUBLIC HOUSING PROJECT.
THERE,
BILLIE AVERY AND HER TEAM ARE TRYING TO PIECE TOGETHER THE
FRAGMENTED LIVES OF ADOLESCENTS, PUTTING THE FOCUS ON THEIR
SELF-ESTEEM BY TYING THE THREADS OF DESPERATE INTERVENTIONS
TOGETHER -- DRUG EDUCATION, SEX EDUCATION, AIDS EDUCATION,
PREGNANCY COUNSELING, JOB TRAINING, LITERACY TUTORING, AND
�20.
MORE.
SHOULDN'T HEALTH PROFESSIONS EDUCATION BE ROLLING UP
ITS SLEEVES AND GOING TO WORK ON EDUCATION THAT PREPARES
HEALTH PROFESSIONALS TO SHOULDER THEIR PART OF THE BURDEN?
IN ANOTHER INSTANCE, ONE GROUP FROM A HEALTH PROFESSIONS
SCHOOL IS BEING FUNDED TO ADDRESS THE BASIC HEALTH AND HUMAN
SERVICE NEEDS OF MASSES OF ISOLATED URBAN IMMIGRANTS.
THERE
THEY DEAL WITH LANGUAGE BARRIERS, ILLITERACY, AND TROPICAL
DISEASES, TO NAME A FEW.
THE GROUP'S TETHER TO THEIR SCHOOL
AND TO THE OTHER HEALTH PROFESSIGNS' SCHOOLS OF ITS
INSTITUTION IS THIN INDEED.
HOPEFULLY, HEALTH PROFESSIONS
STUDENTS WILL ATTAIN VALUED EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCES IN THIS
PROGRAM.
YET, THE SUPPORT SO FAR FROM THE PARENT
INSTITUTION IS "LONG DISTANCE ENCOURAGEMENT."
LIKE BIG
SHIPS, ACADEMIC HEALTH CENTERS CHANGE THEIR COURSE EVER SO
SLOWLY.
�21.
AND A THIRD EXAMPLE, ALTHOUGH I COULD GO ON AND ON, IS THAT
OF A COMPREHENSIVE PROGRAM FOR YOUNG BLACK MALES TO TEACH
HIGH SCHOOL
GRADUATE~
TO READ, TO IMPROVE THE NUTRITIONAL
STATUS OF YOUNG BLACKS, TO PROVIDE BASIC HEALTH SERVICES, TO
HELP THEM FIND JOBS, AND IN THE WORDS OF THE PROJECT'S
DIRECTOR, "TO TURN THEM AWAY FROM THEIR SYNDROME OF
SELF-HATE."
THESE ARE BUT A FEW EXAMPLES, AND AS I MENTIONED EARLIER,
THERE ARE MANY MORE FROM OUR PROJECTS COMPRISING OUR PRIMARY
HEALTH STRATEGY.
THERE ARE FOUR SUPPORTING STRATEGIES IN
OUR HEALTH PROGRAM AS WELL.
THEY ARE:
INFORMING
POLICYMAKERS, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, LEADERSHIP
DEVELOPMENT, AND THE ONE THAT IS THE FOCUS OF TODAY'S
SESSION, HEALTH PROFESSIONS EDUCATION.
EDUCATION IS CRITICAL OF COURSE.
HEALTH PROFESSIONS
IF OUR SUPPORT OF THESE
�22.
SPECIFIC COMMUNITY-BASED, PROBLEM-FOCUSED PROJECTS IS TO
LEAD TO WIDER AND SYSTEM-WIDE IMPACT, WE MUST INVOLVE
PROFESSIONS EDUCATION, AND THAT'S WHERE OUR NEW INITIATIVE
COMES IN.
WE EMPHASIZE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE.
AS HEALTH PROFESSIONALS,
YOU UNDERSTAND THE ISSUES OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE AND THEIR
RAMIFICATIONS, SO THERE IS NO NEED TO COMPREHENSIVELY
ADDRESS THIS TOPIC.
WE ARE ASKED SO OFTEN WHAT WE MEAN BY
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE, PROBABLY BECAUSE IT MEANS SO MANY
THINGS THAT IT MEANS SO LITTLE.
I AM NOT GOING TO HELP WITH
THE DEFINITIONAL PROBLEM, BUT I WOULD LIKE TO REFLECT ON A
FEW THINGS THAT ARE IMPORTANT FROM MY LAYMAN'S PERSPECTIVE
-- AND I SUSPECT TO MOST PEOPLE AS WELL.
�23.
IT MAY BE APPROPRIATE TO BEGIN WITH A PROBLEM IDENTIFIED IN
THE WRITING OF HERODOTUS SOME 2400 YEARS AGO.
THE GREEK
HISTORIAN PERCEIVED A DISCONTINUITY OF CARE IN HIS NATIVE
LAND, AND HE LAMENTED, "EACH PHYSICIAN TREATETH ONE PART AND
NOT MORE.
AND EVERYWHERE IS FULL OF PHYSICIANS; FOR SOME
PROFESS THEMSELVES PHYSICIANS OF THE EYES, AND OTHERS THE
HEAD, OTHERS THE TEETH, AND OTHERS OF THE PARTS OF THE
BELLY, AND OTHERS OF OBSCURE SICKNESSES."
HERODOTUS WAS CORRECT IN HIS VIEW THAT A DISCONTINUITY OF
CARE CAN RESULT FROM THE TREND TOWARD OVERSPECIALIZATION.
HEALTH CARE, OFFERED OR PROVIDED IN A FRAGMENTED FASHION, IS
DIFFICULT TO DEAL WITH IN ITSELF BUT THE PROBLEM GOES
DEEPER.
OFTEN ACCOMPANYING SUCH SPECIALIZED CARE IS THE
PROBLEM OF TRANSFER OF INFORMATION BETWEEN PROVIDERS OF CARE
WHO UNWITTINGLY OR WORSE, KNOWINGLY, INHIBIT THE PATIENT'S
ACCESS TO COMPREHENSIVE CARE.
�24.
My
LET ME USE A PERSONAL EXAMPLE TO ILLUSTRATE WHAT I MEAN.
MOTHER, BY THE TIME SHE REACHED HER MID-70S HAD SEVERAL
DIFFERENT HEALTH PROBLEMS, INCLUDING CANCER AND
COMPLICATIONS FROM A SERIES OF STROKES.
IN THE COURSE OF
HER CANCER TREATMENT, SHE WAS SHUNTED FROM ONE SPECIALIST TO
ANOTHER, FROM INTERNIST TO SURGEON TO RADIOLOGIST TO
ONCOLOGIST, NONE OF WHOM REALLY TOOK A COMPREHENSIVE LOOK AT
HER PROBLEMS IN ORDER TO ASSESS HER OVERALL CONDITION.
THE
INTERNIST WHO DIAGNOSED THE PROBLEMS INITIALLY REFUSED TO
CONTINUE AS HER PRIMARY CARE PHYSICIAN, SO THE
RESPONSIBILITY FOR CONTINUITY RESTED WITH THE PATIENT AND
HER FAMILY, CERTAINLY AN UNSATISFACTORY ASSIGNMENT BY
DEFAULT.
WE ENCOUNTERED ANOTHER STUMBLING BLOCK -- A GREAT
RELUCTANCE, AND AT TIMES, REFUSAL ON THE PART OF SEVERAL
PHYSICIANS TO TRANSFER MEDICAL RECORDS OF THE CARE THEY GAVE
MY MOTHER TO OTHER PHYSICIANS WHO ALSO WERE TREATING HER.
�25.
CONSEQUENTLY, EXAMINATIONS, TESTS, AND PROCEDURES WERE
DUPLICATED UNNECESSARILY, AT INCONVENIENCE, DISCOMFORT, AND
COST.
I UNDERSTAND THE REASONS GIVEN, BUT I DO NOT ACCEPT
THE FINAL RESULT AS ADEQUATE OR DEFENSIBLE.
BETTER WAYS.
THERE MUST BE
THIS EXAMPLE IS NOT AN ISOLATED ONE.
FRIENDS
AND ASSOCIATES HAVE TOLD ME SIMILAR STORIES, AND YOU CAN
SURELY ADD ANECDOTES OF YOUR OWN.
OVERSPECIALIZATION AND A LACK OF CONTINUITY IN CARE ARE NOT
PROBLEMS CONFINED TO THE PRACTICE OF MEDICINE.
SPECIALIZATION, SOME OBSERVERS CONTEND, HAS RESULTED FROM
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TECHNOLOGY IN ALMOST EVERY FIELD,
FORCING THE INDIVIDUAL TO DEAL WITH AN EVER-INCREASING
NUMBER OF PROVIDERS OF SERVICE.
THE SPECIALIZATION OF
HEALTH EDUCATION AND HEALTH SERVICES IS, IN MANY WAYS, AN
ACHIEVEMENT IN AMERICAN THAT WE CAN BE PROUD OF.
BUT AT THE
�26.
SAME TIME, WE MUST MANAGE IT SO THAT IT DOES NOT BECOME AN
END IN AND OF ITSELF.
IF SUCH SPECIALIZATION RESULTS IN
FRUSTRATION AND FRAGMENTED, INCOMPLETE PATIENT CARE, IT
NEEDS RETHINKING AND REARRANGING.
THIS PROBLEM SHOULD BE ADDRESSED BY ALL HEALTH PROFESSIONAL
SCHOOLS, AND PARTICULARLY BY THE MEDICAL SCHOOL.
THE
MEDICAL SCHOOL HAS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF EDUCATING THE KEY
MEMBER OF THE HEALTH CARE DELIVER TEAM.
THE PHYSICIAN HAS
BEEN THE QUARTERBACK, THE CEO, THE GUARDIAN, THE GATEKEEPER
-- LARGELY DETERMINING IN WHAT MANNER AND WITH WHAT EMPHASES
PATIENT CARE IS PROVIDED.
COME.
HE PROBABLY WILL BE FOR YEARS TO
BUT NEW MODELS SHOULD BE TRIED.
QUARTERBACK, A DENTIST QUARTERBACK?
WHAT ABOUT A NURSE
�27.
IV
LET ME USE A TRUE STORY TO ILLUSTRATE THE ISSUE OF
AVAILABILITY OF AND ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE.
NOT LONG AGO ON A VISIT TO A COUNTY SEAT TOWN IN
SOUTHERN MICHIGAN, I MET WITH A GROUP OF YOUNG
PHYSICIANS.
I ASKED THEM, "IF THE MAWBY FAMILY MOVED TO
THIS AREA, COULD ANY OF YOU TAKE US ON AS NEW PATIENTS?"
THERE WAS A QUICK CONSENSUS, "OH YES, RuSS MAWBY,
CHAIRMAN OF THE KELLOGG FOUNDATION, OF COURSE WE WILL
GET YOU IN."
"NO, NO," I SAID.
"RUSS MAWBY, WITH A WIFE AND THREE
KIDS, LIVING ON 40 ACRES SOUTH OF TOWN."
�28.
AGAIN THERE WAS A QUICK AGREEMENT, "NONE OF US IS TAKING
ANY NEW PATIENTS.
YOU'LL JUST HAVE TO GO TO THE
EMERGENCY ROOM AT THE HOSPITAL."
I DON'T BELIEVE THAT IS A SATISFACTORY ANSWER TO PRIMARY
CARE FOR FAMILIES; EMERGENCY ROOM CARE SHOULD BE FOR
EMERGENCIES, NOT SERVE AS A USUAL POINT OF ENTRY FOR PRIMARY
CARE.
EXPERTS KEEP TELLING ME THAT ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE IS A
SERIOUS PROBLEM ONLY FOR THE URBAN POOR AND FOR PEOPLE IN
REMOTE RURAL COMMUNITIES.
THAT SIMPLY IS NOT TRUE, IF THE
MEASURE WE APPLY FOR ADEQUACY GOES BEYOND THE MOST PRIMITIVE
OR BASIC STANDARD.
IN COMMUNITIES OF ALL TYPES, URBAN AND
RURAL, WITHOUT REGARD TO ECONOMIC CIRCUMSTANCES, MANY
FAMILIES HAVE REAL DIFFICULTY IN GAINING ACCESS TO
SATISFACTORY PRIMARY CARE ON A CONTINUING BASIS.
�29.
AS A LAYMAN, I HAVE OBSERVED THAT HEALTH PROFESSIONALS -- IN
PARTICULARLY PHYSICIANS, BUT TO A DEGREE ALL HEALTH
PROFESSIONALS -- HAVE NO PROBLEMS GAINING ACCESS TO THE
HEALTH CARE SYSTEM.
IF THEIR CHILD OR MOTHER OR GOOD FRIEND
NEEDS TO SEE A DOCTOR, EVEN A SPECIALIST WHO IS BOOKED SIX
MONTHS IN ADVANCE, THERE IS NO PROBLEM OF ACCESS.
I SUSPECT
THIS MAY BE A FRINGE BENEFIT WHICH ALSO EXTENDS TO YOU AS
HEALTH PROFESSIONS EDUCATORS.
BUT DON'T LET THIS LULL YOU
INTO A BELIEF THAT THIS IS THEREFORE NO PROBLEM FOR THE REST
OF US, REGARDLESS OF GEOGRAPHIC, CULTURAL, OR ECONOMIC
CIRCUMSTANCE.
I CAN'T HELP BUT THINK THAT THE VERY PRESSING PROBLEMS OF
MALDISTRIBUTION, AND SOME WOULD SAY ACTUAL SHORTAGE, OF
NURSES ALSO RELATE DIRECTLY TO HEALTH PROFESSIONS EDUCATION
ISSUES -- AND SPECIFICALLY MEDICAL EDUCATION.
AS A LAYMAN,
�30.
I CANNOT UNDERSTAND, NOR DO I SYMPATHIZE OR HAVE PATIENCE
WITH, THE KINDS OF "PROFESSIONAL SNOBBERY" WHICH SEPARATE
THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS IN BOTH EDUCATIONAL AND CLINICAL
SETTINGS.
FOR EXAMPLE, I DO NOT UNDERSTAND THE RELUCTANCE
OF THE MEDICAL PROFESSION
AND THE MEDICAL SCHOOLS -- TO
TAKE A MORE ENLIGHTENED VIEW TOWARD RECOGNIZING THE
UNREALIZED POTENTIAL OF NURSES AND OTHER NON-PHYSICIAN
HEALTH PROFESSIONALS IN MEETING THE HEALTH CARE NEEDS IN
THIS COUNTRY.
I SUSPECT THE ELITISM AND SEPARATION WHICH
STILL CHARACTERIZES TOO MUCH OF PHYSICIAN EDUCATION AND CARE
WILL NOT MUCH LONGER BE TOLERATED.
THIS WOULD SEEM
PARTICULARLY TRUE AS THE PUBLIC BECOMES MORE AND MORE AWARE
OF HOW SUCH PAROCHIALISM IS AFFECTING THE QUALITY,
CHARACTER, AVAILABILITY, AND COST OF CARE IN THEIR
COMMUNITIES.
�31.
INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO ENCOURAGING PHYSICIANS, NURSES,
DENTISTS, AND OTHER HEALTH PROFESSIONALS TO PRACTICE
TOGETHER MORE EFFICIENTLY AND EFFECTIVELY, INCLUDING THE
PROVISION OF CARE IN UNDERSERVED AREAS AND TO UNREACHED
CLIENTELE, MUST CONTINUE TO BE SUPPORTED SO THAT ALL PEOPLE,
WHETHER THEY BE AFFLUENT OR POOR, AND WHETHER THEY LIVE IN
THE CITY OR THE COUNTRY, HAVE ACCESS TO QUALITY HEALTH CARE.
v
NOTICE -- I SAID QUALITY HEALTH CARE -- CERTAINLY A
PERSISTENT AND BASIC CONCERN OF ALL.
IN RECENT YEARS, NOT
JUST IN THE PRACTICE OF MEDICINE, QUALITY INCREASINGLY HAS
COME TO BE DEFINED IN TERMS OF THE APPLICATION OF HIGH
TECHNOLOGY.
WE PRIDE OURSELVES ON MAKING USE OF THE LATEST
EQUIPMENT,PROCEDURES, AND SYSTEMS WHETHER IN MEDICINE, THE
�32.
AUTO INDUSTRY, OR COMMUNICATIONS.
IN THE HEALTH FIELD THIS
EMPHASIS ON TECHNOLOGY CAN CONTRIBUTE TO A FAILURE BY THE
PROFESSIONS TO RECOGNIZE THAT ACTUAL PRACTICE AS AN
INDICATOR OF QUALITY FOR COMMON HEALTH PROBLEMS MAY BE JUST
AS GOOD OR BETTER IN THE SMALL, MODESTLY EQUIPPED CLINIC AS
IN THE MAJOR MEDICAL CENTER.
MEDICAL SCHOOLS HAVE TAKEN THE LEAD IN APPLYING HIGH
TECHNOLOGY TO PRACTICE (AS WELL THEY SHOULD) BUT THEY MUST
NOT RUSH SO FAR AHEAD THAT THEY FORGET THE HUMAN DIMENSION
-- THE PATIENT'S PERCEPTION OF QUALITY WHICH OFTEN HINGES ON
HOW THE PHYSICIAN TREATS THE PERSON, NOT JUST THE MEDICAL
PROBLEM.
DESPITE STATEMENTS BY INDIVIDUAL FACULTY MEMBERS
THAT THEY RECOGNIZE THIS PATIENT PERCEPTION OF THE QUALITY
OF CARE AS CONTRASTED WITH THE PHYSICIAN'S PERCEPTION OF
CARE, MOST OBSERVERS ARE UNABLE TO NOTE MUCH EVIDENCE OF
THAT RECOGNITION.
�33.
IF YOU OR I WERE TO HAVE A CORONARY TODAY, OUR SPOUSE WOULD
NOT WALK INTO THE HOSPITAL AND ASK, "WHAT'S THE AVERAGE
LENGTH OF STAY?"
BUT THAT YARDSTICK HAS BEEN TOO MUCH A
PRIMARY MEASURE OF "QUALITY" IN HOSPITAL REVIEWS.
INSTEAD,
A LOVED ONE IS LIKELY TO ASK, "IS HE OR SHE IN PAIN?
BEING KEPT COMFORTABLE?
HIM?"
IS SOMEONE WITH HIM?
IS HE
MAY I SEE
PHYSICIANS AND HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATORS TEND NOT TO
WORRY ENOUGH ABOUT THOSE HUMANLY CRITICAL GAUGES WHICH ARE
SO SIGNIFICANT BOTH TO THE PATIENT AND THE FAMILY, AND TO
THE PATIENT'S ULTIMATE RECOVERY.
THERE IS A DEFINITE NEED FOR EDUCATORS TO GIVE AS MUCH
CONSIDERATION TO THE PATIENT'S PERSPECTIVE ON QUALITY IN
PRACTICE AS IT GIVES TO HEALTH SCIENCE AND RESEARCH.
MANY
RESPECTED AUTHORITIES HAVE LONG CALLED FOR INCREASED
ATTENTION TO THE HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES AS A MEANS
�34.
FOR INSTILLING A CONCERN FOR HUMANE CARE IN THE BUDDING
PHYSICIAN, DENTIST, NURSE, OR PHARMACIST.
IN THE NEW
INITIATIVE, I HOPE STEPS ARE INCLUDED TO MAKE THIS DIMENSION
CENTRAL TO ALL HEALTH PROFESSIONS EDUCATION.
VI
My CLOSING THOUGHT WOULD BE A RETURN TO MY FIRST
OBSERVATIONS:
1) WHILE THERE IS MUCH IN OUR HEALTH CARE
SYSTEM IN THIS COUNTRY ABOUT WHICH WE CAN BE PROUD AND WHILE
IN FACT, IT IS UNEQUALED IN THE WORLD, IMPROVEMENT IS
POSSIBLE; THERE ARE SHORTCOMINGS WHICH NEED TO BE
IMAGINATIVELY ADDRESSED; AND 2) AS EDUCATORS, YOU WILL
VISIBLY SHAPE TOMORROW.
�35.
WHAT WILL THE NEW MODELS BE LIKE?
I DON'T KNOW THE DETAILS
AND IT'S NOT THE KELLOGG FOUNDATION'S STYLE TO SHAPE THOSE
DETAILS.
SOMEONE SAID THAT THE TROUBLE WITH PREDICTIONS IS
THAT THEY DEAL WITH THE FUTURE, BUT UNDAUNTED I WILL TURN ON
MY FUTURE SCOPE TO 20 YEARS HENCE.
I CAN SEE THE OUTLINES
OF A VISION -- COMMUNITY-BASED ACADEMIC HEALTH CENTERS WITH
THE STATUS AND PRESTIGE OF UNIVERSITY-TEACHING HOSPITALS
TODAY.
ACADEMIC HEALTH CENTERS WHERE RESEARCH, TEACHING,
AND PATIENT CARE ARE OCCURRING; WHERE NEW INSIGHTS OF
SCIENTIFIC EXPLORATION ABOUT COMMUNITIES AND THEIR HEALTH
NEEDS ARE INFORMING EDUCATION AND PATIENT CARE.
STUDENTS,
RESIDENTS, POSTDOCTORAL FELLOWS OF THE HIGHEST CALIBER ARE
LINED UP TO GO TO THE ACADEMIC HEALTH CENTERS FOR STUDY
BECAUSE OF THE RECOGNIZED ACADEMIC AND INTELLECTUAL STATURE
OF THE PROFESSORS WHO WORK THERE.
PROMOTION AND TENURE
DECISIONS BY THE PARENT INSTITUTION ARE MADE SUCH THAT THE
�36.
WORK OF FACULTY AT THE COMMUNITY-BASED, ACADEMIC HEALTH
CENTER IS WEIGHED EQUALLY WITH OTHER FORMS OF SCIENTIFIC AND
ACADEMIC ENDEAVOR.
I SEE THE OUTLINES OF A CARE SYSTEM
WHERE COMPASSION, CARING, AND CONTINUITY OF RESPONSIBILITY
PREVAILS; WHERE STUDENTS AND PATIENTS ALIKE ARE TREATED WITH
HUMAN DIGNITY AND RESPECT AND IN TURN, THE GRADUATES TREAT
THEIR PATIENTS IN THE SAME MANNER.
I KNOW -- AND YOU KNOW -- THAT OUR SOCIETY WILL NOT PERMIT
THE PRESENT STATE OF AFFAIRS IN . HEALTH CARE TO LAST FOREVER,
AND THE PRESSURES ARE GROWING UPON POLICYMAKERS TO FIND
SOLUTIONS; MORE PEOPLE HAVE NEEDS TO BE SERVED, AND THE
COSTS ARE INCREASING AT A RATE WELL ABOVE INFLATION.
WHAT
ELECTED OFFICIALS SEEK ARE SOLUTIONS THAT THEY CAN SUPPORT
AND IMPLEMENT.
THEY NEED ACADEMIC HEALTH CENTERS TO SHIFT
FROM BEING PART OF THE PROBLEM TO BEING PART OF THE
�37.
SOLUTION.
WE HOPE THAT THE KELLOGG INITIATIVE WILL GIVE
SOME OF YOU THE OPPORTUNITY TO CREATE AND IMPLEMENT SUCH
SOLUTIONS.
WE -- ELECTED OFFICIALS AND POLICYMAKERS, CITY
FOLK, RURAL FOLK, THE UNDERSERVED POOR, THE UPPER MIDDLE
CLASS, THE YOUNG AND THE ELDERLY, ME AND MY FAMILY -- ARE
ALL COUNTING ON YOU.
IN MOST AREAS OF HUMAN CONCERN uWE KNOW BETTER THAN WE DO. u
CERTAINLY THIS IS TRUE IN YOUR CHOSEN FIELD OF
CONCENTRATION, THE EDUCATION OF PROFESSIONALS FOR HEALTH
CARE.
FOR IN FACT, A GREAT DEAL MORE IS KNOWN ABOUT WHAT
GOOD HEALTH CARE COULD BE AND SHOULD BE THAN IS GENERALLY
PUT TO USE BY THE PRACTITIONERS WHOM YOU GRADUATE.
THE
UNENDING CHALLENGE TO YOU AS EDUCATORS IS TO MOVE REALITY
CLOSER TO THE VISION OF THAT WHICH OUGHT TO BE.
I WISH YOU
GODSPEED AND LOOK FORWARD TO THAT DAY IN THE FUTURE WHEN WE
CELEBRATE TOGETHER YOUR ACHIEVEMENTS.
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1989-10-17_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Health Systems Out of Sync- A Layman's Perspective
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 17, 1989 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the informational meeting for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation's Health Profession's Education Initiative.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Education
Health
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1989-10-17
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/e6b35e3cfa324834b48b5e46f625b353.pdf
f319493ca3b88804f24e43a4254bb5c8
PDF Text
Text
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. Inf
a
c
t
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nth
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g
g
r
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t
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, mo
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o
n
e
y come
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a
l
ldonor
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anl
a
r
g
eo
n
e
s
.
-
3.
W
i
l
l
i
am Gon
z
a
l
e
sw
i
l
lb
et
h
ef
i
r
s
tt
ot
e
l
lyou
, I am
s
u
r
e
,t
h
a
tev
en t
o
d
a
y
,i
nt
h
eag
eo
f sup
e
rb
p
r
o
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e
s
s
i
o
n
a
l
i
sm
,B
u
t
t
e
rw
o
r
t
hH
o
s
p
i
t
a
lc
o
u
l
dn
o
t long
k
e
ep i
t
sdoo
r
s op
en w
i
t
h
o
u
t t
h
es
u
p
p
o
r
to
f thou
s
and
s
o
fG
r
and R
a
p
i
d
s
' c
i
t
i
z
e
n
sw
h
ow
r
i
t
e t
h
e
i
rch
e
ck
s and
thou
s
and
smo
r
e w
h
og
i
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et
h
e
i
rt
im
et
ot
h
i
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4
.
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l
s
or
em
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rt
h
a
tg
i
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i
n
g andv
o
l
u
n
t
e
e
r
i
n
g
c
anno
ta
lw
ay
sb
em
e
a
su
r
ed i
nhou
r
so
fs
e
r
v
i
c
eo
r
p
i
l
e
so
fb
r
i
c
kandm
o
r
t
a
r
. P
h
i
l
a
n
t
h
r
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p
yh
a
sg
i
v
e
n
B
u
t
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rsup
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r
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ly i
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�TO:
Russ Mawby
FROM:
Dave Egner
W.K. KELLOGG FOUNDATION
Memorandum
October 8, 1991
RE:
Speech on Philanthropy and Volunteerism at Butterworth Hospital
Joel and I have discussed your remarks for the Butterworth Hospital
speech on October 15, 1991. This is a speech that will fit well with
your flexible, informal style. There is a 7:45 ron breakfast scheduled
that morning for you and the "leaders" at Butterworth (I am assuming
this is the upper management group). The breakfast is set to be
informal, and you will be given 8 brief orientation about major issues
facing the hospital by William Gonzales, the president and chief
executive officer. The audience itself will number about 75 people.
They have allotted an hour and 15 minutes for your remarks and
questions.
With the direction given by the letter of confirmation -- "this group
will be very inte rested in learning more about the Kellogg Foundation
and the directions you see volunteerism and philanthropy taking in the
future" -- and the questions that they have enclosed, Joel and I would
reconunend the following outline.
I.
Butterworth's Rich History in Volunteerism and Philanthropy.
Joel has provided a more detailed outline of Butterworth's
history in volunteerism and philanthropy which follows.
A.
Philanthropy and Volunteerism in Butterworth's History.
1.
The hospital's very name comes from a
philanthropist.
2.
Ri chard E. E. Butterworth, having been made wealthy
by the great gypsum deposits that lay under his land
along the Grand River, donated the land at the corner
of Bostwick and Michigan for the site of the
hospital. He made a bequest of $30,000 in cash and
land to insure that the hospital could be
construct ed.
3 .
But Butt erwort h 1-.' 8 5 mo r e than a g iver, he was a l so a n
active vo lun te er . lIe traveled in Ame ri ca a nd abroad
t o co l lect i dea s for building t he hosp it al, and was
personally involved ill the de s i gn i n g of the
building. All of this he did without compensation.
�2
B
.
Th
eG
row
th o
fB
u
t
t
e
rw
o
r
t
h
1
.
B
u
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rw
o
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hw
a
sn
o
tt
r
a
n
s
f
o
rm
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df
roma s
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n
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l
e
b
u
i
l
d
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n
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tt
h
ec
o
r
n
e
ro
f Bo
s
tw
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ck and M
i
ch
ig
an i
n
t
o
t
h
eh
e
a
l
t
hc
e
n
t
e
rcomp
l
ex t
h
a
ti
ti
stod
ayw
i
t
h
o
u
t
t
h
eg
e
n
e
r
o
s
i
t
yo
fl
i
t
e
r
a
l
l
ythou
s
and
so
f dono
r
s and
v
o
l
u
n
t
e
e
r
s
.
2
.
Wh
i
l
e w
er
i
g
h
t
l
yr
em
emb
e
rt
h
eg
e
n
e
r
o
s
i
t
yo
ft
h
eg
r
e
a
t
g
i
v
e
r
sl
i
k
eR
i
ch
a
rd B
u
t
t
e
rw
o
r
t
h
, andmo
r
e r
e
c
e
n
t
l
y
,
t
h
eD
eVo
sF
am
i
ly F
o
u
n
d
a
t
i
o
n
,i
ti
sa
l
s
o im
p
o
r
t
a
n
t
t
h
a
tw
er
em
emb
e
rt
h
a
tl
i
t
e
r
a
l
l
ythou
s
and
so
f un
sung
l
o
c
a
lc
i
t
i
z
e
n
sh
av
ea
l
s
oc
o
n
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
dt
h
e
i
rt
im
eand
mon
ey
. Inf
a
c
t
,i
nth
ea
g
g
r
e
g
a
t
e
, mo
r
e m
o
n
e
yc
om
e
s
f
romsm
a
l
ldono
r
s th
anl
a
r
g
eo
n
e
s
.
3
.
W
i
l
l
i
am Gon
z
a
l
e
sw
i
l
lb
et
h
ef
i
r
s
tt
ot
e
l
lyou
, I am
s
u
r
e
,t
h
a
tev
en t
o
d
a
y
,i
nt
h
eag
eo
fs
u
p
e
r
b
p
r
o
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
l
i
sm
,B
u
t
t
e
rw
o
r
t
hH
o
s
p
i
t
a
lc
o
u
l
dn
o
t long
k
e
ep i
t
sdoo
r
s op
en w
i
t
h
o
u
t t
h
es
u
p
p
o
r
to
f thou
s
and
s
o
fG
r
and R
a
p
i
d
s
' c
i
t
i
z
e
n
sw
h
ow
r
i
t
et
h
e
i
rch
e
ck
s and
thou
s
and
smo
r
ew
h
og
i
v
et
h
e
i
rt
im
et
ot
h
i
ss
p
l
e
n
d
i
d
i
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
.
4
.
We mu
s
t a
l
s
or
em
emb
e
rt
h
a
tg
:
tv
:
tng and v
o
l
u
n
t
e
e
r
i
n
g
c
a
n
n
o
ta
lw
ay
sb
em
e
a
su
r
ed i
nhou
r
so
fs
e
r
v
i
c
eo
r
p
i
l
e
so
fb
r
i
c
kandm
o
r
t
a
r
. P
h
i
l
a
n
t
h
r
o
p
yh
a
sg
i
v
e
n
B
u
t
t
e
rw
o
r
t
ha
n
o
t
h
e
rs p
e
rb r
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
,n
am
e
ly i
t
s
don
a
t
ed a
r
tc
o
l
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
. Int
h
i
sc
o
n
n
e
c
t
i
o
n
,w
e
s
h
o
u
l
dm
en
t
ion t
h
ewond
e
r
fu
le
f
f
o
r
t
so
fD
r
. W
i
l
l
i
am
J
o
h
n
s
t
o
n
,wh
oh
a
sv
o
l
u
n
t
e
e
r
e
df
o
rmo
r
e t
h
a
n2
0y
e
a
r
s
and c
o
u
n
t
l
e
s
s hou
r
si
np
r
e
s
e
r
v
i
n
g
, augm
en
t
ing
, and
u
t
i
l
i
z
i
n
gB
u
t
t
e
rw
o
r
t
h
'
sa
r
tc
o
l
l
e
c
t
i
o
nf
o
r
t
h
e
r
a
p
e
u
t
i
cp
u
r
p
o
s
e
s
.
I
I
.
Th
eK
e
l
logg F
o
u
n
d
a
t
i
o
n
'
sP
rog
r
amm
ing P
r
i
o
r
i
t
yi
nV
o
l
u
n
t
e
e
r
i
sm
and P
h
i
l
a
n
t
h
r
o
p
y
.
A
.
Af
ew p
a
r
t
so
fs
o
c
i
e
t
ya
r
eun
tou
ch
ed by v
o
l
u
n
t
e
e
r
i
smand
p
h
i
l
a
n
t
h
r
o
p
y
. Th
er
em
a
rk
sI h
av
eh
e
a
r
d you u
s
em
a
n
y t
im
e
s
t
h
a
tc
i
t
eth
eimpo
r
t
an
c
eo
fv
o
l
u
n
t
e
e
r
i
smand p
h
i
l
a
n
t
h
r
o
p
y
t
oa
l
la
s
p
e
c
t
so
f Am
e
r
i
c
an s
o
c
i
e
t
yand o
u
r commun
i
t
i
e
s
wou
ld b
e mo
s
t a
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
eh ~ .
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.
Th
eK
e
l
logg F
o
u
n
d
a
t
ion
's h
i
s
to
ric invo
lv
em
en
tw
i
t
h
p
h
i
l
a
n
t
h
r
o
p
y and vo
l
u
t
e
e
r
i
sm
. T
h
e fac
tt
h
a
tw
eh
av
eb
e
en
i
n
v
o
l
v
e
dw
i
t
hp
rogr
amm
ingi
nt
h
a
ta
r
e
as
i
n
c
et
h
efound
ing
o
ft
h
eF
o
u
n
d
a
t
i
o
n
. O
u
rp
r
i
o
r
i
t
yo
f enh
an
c
ing p
h
i
l
a
n
t
h
r
o
p
y
andv
o
l
u
n
t
e
e
r
i
sm i
sm
e
r
e
ly a f
o
rm
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
nand
c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
no
f an e
f
f
o
r
tt
h
a
th
a
sb
e
en ongo
ing f
o
rth
e
l
a
s
t60 p
l
u
sy
e
a
r
s
.
�3
C
.
S
u
b
s
t
a
n
t
i
a
l ch
ang
ei
nanya
s
p
e
c
to
fs
o
c
i
e
t
yw
i
l
lb
el
e
dby
v
o
l
u
n
t
e
e
rc
i
t
i
z
e
nb
oa
r
d
s
. T
h
es
t
a
t
em
e
n
t
sIh
av
eh
e
a
r
d you
u
s
ei
nt
h
i
sa
r
e
ah
ave a
lw
ay
sb
e
en pow
e
r
fu
l and u
p
l
i
f
t
i
n
g
.
WKKF
'
s e
f
f
o
r
t
si
nenh
an
c
ing p
h
i
l
a
n
t
h
r
o
p
yand v
o
l
u
n
t
e
e
r
i
sm
a
r
ea
l
s
oa
im
ed a
tempow
e
r
ing t
h
ev
o
l
u
n
t
e
e
rt
h
a
tc
anm
a
k
e
g
r
e
a
ts
t
r
i
d
e
sf
o
rs
o
c
i
a
lch
ang
eh
app
en
.
I
I
I
.
Mo
r
e andmo
r
e r
e
s
p
o
n
s
i
b
i
l
i
t
yf
o
rs
o
c
i
a
ls
e
r
v
i
c
e
s
,h
e
a
l
t
h care,
i
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
,c
u
l
t
u
r
e
,e
t
c
.i
ss
h
i
f
t
i
n
gb
a
ck t
ot
h
el
o
c
a
l
l
e
v
e
l
,t
ot
h
ecommun
i
ty
.
IV
.
A
.
Gov
e
rnm
en
t
s
' r
o
l
ei
ss
h
i
f
t
i
n
g
. T
h
eh
i
g
h
e
ru
p you g
oo
n
t
h
egov
e
rnm
en
tl
a
d
d
e
r
,f
rom l
o
c
a
l
,s
t
a
t
e
,t
of
e
d
e
r
a
l
,t
h
e
mo
r
e r
emov
ed t
h
ei
n
d
i
v
i
d
u
a
l
sm
ak
ing d
e
c
i
s
i
o
n
sb
e
com
ef
rom
t
h
ep
rob
l
em
s
. H
igh
e
rl
e
v
e
lgov
e
rnm
en
t
s
'i
n
a
b
i
l
i
t
yt
od
e
a
l
w
i
t
hc
r
i
t
i
c
a
ls
o
c
i
a
li
s
s
u
e
sand t
h
e
i
rdw
i
n
d
l
i
n
gr
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
s
h
a
s pu
sh
ed t
h
er
e
s
p
o
n
s
i
b
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l
i
t
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a
ck t
ot
h
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i
ty
, wh
e
r
e
i
t
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e
l
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1991-10-15_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech at the Inaugural Lecture on Philanthropy and Volunteerism in Healthcare
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 15, 1991 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Inaugural Lecture on Philanthropy and Volunteerism in Healthcare.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Health
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1991-10-15
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/dc79166f43b838688fb56b10365b5477.pdf
68938fea98c31612d617e93bd1752290
PDF Text
Text
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�Page 1
Contact: David Scott, Provost
(517) 355-1524
or Judith Lanier, Education
(517) 355-1734
or Cherryl Jensen, News Bureau
(517) 355-2282
KELLOGG FOUNDATION MAKES MAJOR GRANT TO MSU FOR LIFE LONG EDUCATION
EAST LANSING -- Michigan State University (MSU) has begun a
"renaissance in lifelong education" through a comprehensive program
of outreach services that involves all colleges within the
University.
The program is funded by a $10.2 million grant from the W. K.
Kellogg Foundation of Battle Creek -- one of the largest single
grants MSU has received from a private foundation.
The grant was formally accepted today (10/14/88) by the
University's Board of Trustees.
In related action, the Board
approved the appointment of James C. Votruba as assistant provost
for lifelong education.
Votruba is currently acting vice president
for academic affairs and provost at the State University of New York
at Binghampton.
"The Kellogg Foundation grant enables MSU to become a
national model in pioneering new lifelong learning possibilities
just as it earlier provided a model for the land-grant university,"
said MSU President John DiBiaggio.
"Lifelong education will become
prominent alongside research and traditional instruction at the
�Page 2
center of this great university.
It moves lifelong education to the
heart of the institutional mission."
"Currently, the nation's higher education system prepares
young people to enter the workforce with only moderate attention
given to the continuing demands they face as employees, employers,
and citizens," said Russell G. Mawby, the Foundation's chairman and
chief executive officer.
"Increasingly, people of all ages are
seeking opportunities to continue their educations.
We are
confident that MSU can significantly influence the future direction
and development of lifelong learning programs, and create models
that can and will be replicated elsewhere."
DiBiaggio described the renaissance as "a continuing
partnership between MSU and the Kellogg Foundation" in serving the
people of Michigan and said that it complements the Foundation's
stated goal:
to "help people help themselves."
DiBiaggio also noted that lifelong education is a high
priority for Michigan Governor James Blanchard who, in his 1988
"State of the State" message, said:
"Lifelong learning must become
highly valued and an urgent priority for everyone in Michigan.
In
1988, we are going to take steps without precedent in the nation to
meet that challenge."
DiBiaggio said that the lifelong education thrust fits well
into the priorities of MSU's first university-wide Capital Campaign,
"MSU 2000:
Access to Opportunity."
The five-year campaign seeks to
raise $160 million in private funding for the University.
�Page 3
National Campaign Chair Robert D. Rowan, chairman of Freuhauf
Corp. in Detroit, said:
"Through this generous grant, doors will be
opened to those who wish to earn an education, to seek new jobs, and
to enrich their lives and their society.
This is a people-oriented
venture, a people-oriented university, and a people-oriented
campaign."
Judith E. Lanier, acting assistant provost for lifelong
education and dean of the College of Education, led the effort to
reorganize and expand lifelong education at MSU over the last four
years and was the primary author of the grant proposal.
She
described lifelong education as a holistic "cradle to grave"
approach to education which takes early learning and its effects on
late learning into account.
This includes the needs of youth,
especially youth at risk, as well as the continuing education needs
of adults.
She noted that technological and social changes
throughout the world have escalated the nation's awareness of the
need to renew education.
"To face the continuing economic challenge, we must become a
learning society where lifelong learning is a highly valued
priority," she said.
"MSU intends to make itself a powerful example
of the new educational ideal that promotes 'learning to learn' -education that does not end with a diploma or a degree, but which
instead encourages continued learning of what one needs or desires
throughout a lifetime."
Industrial and governmental leaders, especially in Michigan,
�Page 4
recognize that renewing and extending education into the adult years
is crucial to the continuing economic and social health of society,
according to Lanier.
Michigan is an ideal laboratory, she said, for
it ranks among the states most disrupted by the nation's rapid shift
from a low-tech manufacturing economy to a service and high-tech
economy.
"Such shifts require workers to update skills already learned
and often to learn entirely new ones," Lanier said.
Continuing
economic changes will require all citizens to gain heightened
capacity for learning to learn.
The Kellogg grant will fund several major thrusts in lifelong
education at MSU:
*Increased college and faculty participation in lifelong
education by placing responsibility for it in the Office of the
Provost, through the new assistant provost for lifelong education,
and in the offices of all major administrators across the University.
"This affirms that lifelong education at MSU is one of the
fundamental academic functions of the University and that the
colleges, departments, and schools are ultimately responsible for
carrying it out," said Lanier.
"It becomes an integral part of our
academic mission ."
Most lifelong education programs (LEP) have already been
reorganized so that they are jointly administered by various
academic and nonacademic units with common interests and areas of
expertise.
For example, WKAR radio and television is jointly
administered with the College of Communication Arts and Sciences;
LEP library services with the MSU library; and executive and
�Page 5
insurance programs within the College of Business.
Central LEP
administrative offices will be moved to the Hannah Administration
Building while several important LEP support offices will continue
to be housed in the Kellogg Center.
*The establishment of six regional Lifelong Education
Exchanges located throughout the state.
The exchanges will be
closely linked to and, in some cases, share facilities with the
Cooperative Extension Service.
Lanier said the exchanges will serve a "brokering function"
by "making educational needs within each region known to the
University and making educational services of all kinds available to
potential users in each region."
*The establishment of a Center on Teaching for Lifelong
Learning.
The Center will conduct research on educational policy
and practice related to lifelong learning.
It will be jointly
administered by the College of Education and will work closely with
the already-existing MSU Institute for Research on Teaching.
''(The expansion of information technology facilities in order
to provide educational opportunities and services in the most
effective and efficient ways.
This includes expanding
teleconferencing and instructional TV facilities on campus and in
the regional exchanges, improving access to data base networks and
modernization of the MSU library's catalogue, and providing
statewide access to it.
*The initiation of a series of demonstration projects, in
�Page 6
cooperation with local and regional educational institutions.
Such
projects would be targeted toward fulfilling pressing social needs
such as those of at-risk youth.
*The initiation of a pilot program to provide lifelong
education programs to selected professional groups in Michigan.
Targeted professions include business, health and medicine, public
policy officials, education and engineering.
This will be a
cooperative venture among several MSU colleges and units.
The partnership in lifelong education between the Kellogg
Foundation and MSU dates back to 1949 with a grant to MSU for
construction of the University's Kellogg Center, which became the
flagship of similar continuing education centers around the country.
One of the most heavily-used buildings on campus, the Center
houses numerous continuing education activities and hosts more than
200 conferences and 300,000 visitors annually.
Earlier this year,
the Kellogg Foundation made a $5.1 million grant to MSU toward
expansion and renovation of the building.
The Foundation is a major contributor to MSU; over the years,
it has granted a total of $59.7 million to the University (including
today's $10.2 million).
The W. K. Kellogg Foundation, established in 1930 to "help
people help themselves," has distributed more than $1 billion in
support of programs in agriculture, education, and health.
Areas of
emphasis within those broad fields include adult continuing
education; community-based, problem-focused health services; a
�Page 7
wholesome food supply; and broadening leadership capacity of
individuals.
Projects in opportunities for youth are concentrated
mainly in Michigan; support for economic development projects is
provided only in Michigan.
The Foundation is today among the
largest private philanthropic organizations in the world.
It
supports programs in the United States, Latin America, the
Caribbean, and southern African countries.
Limited worldwide
involvement is achieved through international networks of activities
related to the Foundation's programming interests.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1988-10-14_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech at the Re-Dedication of the Kellogg Center
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 14, 1988 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Re-Dedication of the Kellogg Center.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Education
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1988-10-14
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/cbba15674012519917b4b3d37541a03a.pdf
9e3762461fc3ad9586db55ea016c67d8
PDF Text
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ro
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�3
He are p.Le ae ed and proud to have this special emphasis r et'erred to
as the "Kellogg Pr-o.j ec t ; "
En truth " c.,f course , it t s your project" not ours.
It has been developed by you, in yow. ' respe ctive countries and collectively
through PIJR, to meet specific programmi ng needs and opportLrlities i n your
own way .
It simply has been our good f ortune to provide a bit of help in
the f'ur-t.her-ano e of your effor ts.
It is gratifying indeed to see t he ;..ray s i n "Whi ch pr i vate an d pu.b l i c
:resources hav e j oined together i.n t his eff ort.
I t is significant t hat
ot h er pr i vate sponsor s have provided assistance i n each of the count ries.
OnJ.y through sllch expanded suppo:rt, from both the private and public sectors,
will
jt
be pos s ibl e t o mult i pl y this initi al ef f or t an d. to e ns ure i t s
c orrt i nu at.L on .
Dr . Chaves an d I had the pleaSUl"c last Sa t urday of visiting a
near ChLme.Lt.enango i n Guatemala.
realizing the significanc r:' of
4-s
4-8
Cl ub
One cannot have such an experi ence without
Cl ub involvement to the lives of the p eo ple
involved, youngsters and adults alike, and to the community of whi ch they
are a part.
I very much r egret that, clu e to the illness of my father, I
must leave tomorrow and th er ef ore will mi s s t.he t r i p to the 1:-_.-8 Club demonst r-et.Lon here in Costa Ric a.
Dr . Ch av es had the p.Leas ur-e of such a visit
here h ro year-s ago.
Hopefully, our Foundat ion suppor t to this activity of PI JR and t hese
demonst r at i ons in four count r ies wi l l be helpful to all of yo u.
I would echo
the comments of our Chairman, Mr. Steiner, expressing the hope that rural
yont h of all countries might have s imilar experi enc es through the joint e f f or ts
of the publ ic and p:ri v at e sectors .
�4
IV
Th"" theme of this Conference, "Rural Youth and Their Decisions for
the 1980's." is significant and timely indeed.
We can categorize the chal-
lenges which c.onf'rorrt us in var'Lous ways, ':1ut it seems obvious as we view
t.h e wE,ll--being of man in the years ahead, that the f'ol.LovLng t.hie e are among
the over -riding Lss ne s :
1. A concern fur the health of' individuals.
Basic to good health i s
good nutrition,which in turn is dependent upon food, of the proper
kinds, of good ql1ality, dnd in a dequate supply.
In our world
neighborhood, th e is sue of food supply is becoming ever more critical.
Disturbing evidence is now appearing which suggests that severe malnutrition and famine will be experienced in greater degre <;; in vari ous
parts of the world .
Response to the health-nutrition-food equat i on
must receive priority attention.
2. A concern for living in harmony with our environment--balancing the
needs of people with concerns for nature, minimizing the intrusions
on our ecology, taking compensating actions when the environment is
violated, accommodating our life style today to the best long-term
interests of mankind.
3. A concern for progress in human relationships.
Underlying all of the
other issues which conc er n us is the need to improve man's relationships with fellow man.
Somehow, in an increasingly complex and
inter-related world, we must improve our commitment and capacity
to live one with another .
v
We are met here in a great hemispher i c conference, wh i ch hopefully will
be stimulating and useful to each of us.
Each of us has an individual role
�5
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
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Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Identifier
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JCPA-01
Coverage
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1938-2012
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Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
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JCPA-01_1974-10-14_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech at the 1974 Inter-American Conference on Rural Youth
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 14, 1974 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the 1974 Inter-American Conference on Rural Youth in Costa Rica.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
Charities
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Youth
Language
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eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
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1974-10-14
Format
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application/pdf
Type
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Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/9290559823ae710c48c2d7cbcf6894ec.pdf
a37e46e6fd92692787d3d1edc36f875a
PDF Text
Text
UNFINISHED BUSINESS
PRESENTED BY
RUSSELL G. MAWBY
CHAIRMAN AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
W. K. KELLOGG FOUNDATION
AS THE
JOHN W. OSWALD LECTURE IN HIGHER EDUCATION
AT
PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY
OCTOBER 12, 1988
I
IT IS AN HONOR INDEED TO BE INVITED TO PRESENT THE JOHN W. OSWALD
LECTURE IN HIGHER EDUCATION.
THANK YOU FOR THE PRIVILEGE OF JOINING
IN THIS ANNUAL TRIBUTE TO A MAN WHOM I REGARD AS A PERSONAL FRIEND
AND AS A DISTINGUISHED LEADER IN HIGHER EDUCATION.
I FIRST CAME TO KNOW JACK OSWALD WHEN HE WAS SERVING AS PRESIDENT OF
THE UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY IN THE MID-1960S.
THE UNIVERSITY WAS
DEEPLY INVOLVED IN WORKING WITH THE PEOPLE AND COMMUNITIES IN THE
MOUNTAINS OF EASTERN KENTUCKY, PROVIDING EXPERIMENTAL LEADERSHIP FOR
EFFORTS WHICH BECAME THE PROTOTYPE FOR THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT'S WAR
ON POVERTY IN RURAL AREAS.
THROUGH SUBSEQUENT YEARS, INCLUDING HIS
�2
THIRTEEN YEARS AS THE THIRTEENTH PRESIDENT OF THIS UNIVERSITY, I
CAME TO REGARD HIM EVER MORE HIGHLY AS A LEADER, PRE-EMINENT AMONG
HIS PEERS IN MODERNIZING THE HISTORIC LAND-GRANT PHILOSOPHY OF
PUBLIC SERVICE TO ADDRESS CONTEMPORARY SOCIETAL NEEDS.
BECAUSE THIS ISSUE -- PUBLIC SERVICE -- IS A CRITICAL ITEM OF
UNFINISHED BUSINESS ON THE AGENDA OF PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN OUR
COUNTRY TODAY, I HAVE SELECTED IT AS MY THEME THIS EVENING.
IN
THESE REMARKS I WILL DRAW HEAVILY UPON MY ADDRESS LAST NOVEMBER AT A
PLENARY SESSION OF THE lOaTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE NATIONAL
ASSOCIATION OF STATE UNIVERSITIES ANb LAND-GRANT COLLEGES.
II
THE OLDEST TRADITION OF PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IS THE SPIRIT OF PUBLIC
SERVICE.
WHEN THE UNIVERSITIES OF GEORGIA AND NORTH CAROLINA WERE
CREATED TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO AS OUR COUNTRY WAS BEING FORMED, WHEN
�3
GEORGE WASHINGTON ADVANCED HIS PLAN FOR A NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, WHEN
THOMAS JEFFERSON SAT AT MONTICELLO WATCHING THROUGH HIS SPYGLASS THE
GROWTH OF THE UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA, THE CENTRAL INTENT OF ALL THE
FOUNDERS WAS TO SET HIGHER LEARNING WITHIN A PUBLIC CONTEXT.
IN
THEIR VIEW, COLLEGIATE STUDY SHOULD BE GUIDED BY THE PRINCIPLES OF
THE CONSTITUTION, BY DEMOCRACY AND INDEPENDENCE, BY ABILITY AND
AMBITION,
NOT BY RELIGION OR HEREDITY.
THE NEW NATION NEEDED AN
ABUNDANT SUPPLY OF LEADERS TO SERVE ITS VARIOUS NEEDS.
ACCESS TO
EDUCATION SHOULD BE OPEN TO ALL WHO COULD BENEFIT FROM IT.
THE
CURRICULUM SHOULD INCLUDE PRACTICAL AND CONTEMPORARY SUBJECTS AS
WELL AS THEORETICAL AND CLASSICAL ONES.
RESEARCH, OR THE CREATION
OF NEW KNOWLEDGE, WAS NOT A CLEARLY ARTICULATED ROLE FOR THESE
INSTITUTIONS, THOUGH THE RECORDS SHOW FREQUENT REFERENCES TO
EXPERIMENTATION AND DEMONSTRATION.
PIONEERS.
SUCH WERE THE ASPIRATIONS OF OUR
�4
THESE AMBITIOUS GOALS WERE TOO BROAD FOR THE NEW LITTLE STATE
COLLEGES TO ACHIEVE.
SIXTY YEARS AFTER THE FIRST CLUSTER OF THEM
WAS FOUNDED (IN 1862), AND AGAIN THIRTY YEARS AFTER THAT (IN 1890),
CONGRESS CREATED TWO WAVES OF LAND-GRANT INSTITUTIONS, EACH ONE
INTENDED TO BRING THE BENEFITS OF HIGHER EDUCATION TO A SECTOR OF
THE POPULATION HITHERTO DENIED IT, A NEW PART OF THE PUBLIC.
FOR THESE EIGHTEENTH AND NINETEENTH CENTURY PIONEERS, PUBLIC SERVICE
MEANT ESSENTIALLY THE INSTRUCTION ON CAMPUS OF YOUNG, WHITE, FREE
MEN 16 TO 22 YEARS OF AGE.
THE ENLARGEMENT OF THE CLIENTELE EVEN
WITHIN THAT AGE GROUP WAS NOT TO COME UNTIL MUCH LATER AND AFTER
MUCH STRIFE.
IT TOOK A HUNDRED YEARS FOR RESEARCH TO BECOME A FORMAL PART OF
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION.
THE RESEARCH EMPHASIS WAS FIRST FORMALIZED
IN 1887, WITH CONGRESSIONAL PASSAGE OF THE HATCH ACT, WHICH PROVIDED
�5
FOR RESEARCH AND EXPERIMENTATION IN THE AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES.
BUT
RESEARCH DID NOT TAKE ITS PLACE AS AN ESTABLISHED PUBLIC UNIVERSITY
FUNCTION THROUGHOUT THE INSTITUTION UNTIL WELL INTO THE TWENTIETH
CENTURY.
PUBLIC SERVICE, AS A CLEAR-CUT SEPARATE PRINCIPLE, DISTINGUISHING IT
FROM THE SERVICE OF THE PUBLIC INTEREST THROUGH COLLEGIATE PROGRAMS
OF TEACHING AND RESEARCH, ENTERED THE AMERICAN UNIVERSITY ABOUT A
QUARTER CENTURY AFTER RESEARCH DID.
IN 1914, SEAMAN A. KNAPP'S
PIONEERING WORK IN AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION WAS ESTABLISHED NATIONALLY
BY THE SMITH-LEVER ACT.
MEANWHILE THE MOVEMENT FOR GENERAL
UNIVERSITY EXTENSION, WHICH BEGAN AT CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY IN ENGLAND
IN 1873, SWEPT THROUGH THE AMERICAN PUBLIC COLLEGES IN THE EARLY
PART OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY; THE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY EXTENSION
ASSOCIATION WAS FOUNDED IN 1915, ONE YEAR AFTER THE SMITH-LEVER ACT
ESTABLISHED AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION.
�6
III
THE TERM HPUBLIC SERVICE H HAS COME TO EVOKE MANY IMAGES; ITS BREADTH
IS BETTER UNDERSTOOD BY CITING FAMILIAR EXAMPLES THAN BY DEFINING A
CORE IDEA.
WHEN WE MENTION PUBLIC SERVICE, WE THINK OF THE
COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE, GENERAL EXTENSION, LIFELONG LEARNING,
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT, CONTINUING EDUCATION, DISTANCE TEACHING, AND
OTHER ASPECTS OF OUR VISION OF A LEARNING SOCIETY.
PRESIDENT VAN
HISE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN ESTABLISHED THE SPIRIT OF
UNIVERSITY PUBLIC SERVICE EARLY IN THIS CENTURY IN HIS OFTEN-QUOTED
COMMENT THAT THE BOUNDARIES OF WISCONSIN'S CAMPUS WERE THE BORDERS
OF THE STATE.
PUBLIC SERVICE SPROUTED IN TEST PLOTS AND ON MODEL FARMS THAT RINGED
THE SMALL TOWNS OF RURAL AMERICA.
IN TOWN HALLS, PUBLIC SERVICE
TAKES THE FORM OF MUSIC PLAYED BY VISITING SOLOISTS OR MUSICAL
�7
GROUPS FROM THE UNIVERSITY OR PROGRAMS ON MYRIAD TOPICS DRAWN FROM
THE FULL RANGE OF THE UNIVERSITY'S DISCIPLINES.
PUBLIC SERVICE IS ALTRUISTIC, AS STUDENTS AND FACULTY WHO VOLUNTEER
FOR EVERYTHING FROM LITERACY COACHING TO THE UNITED WAY FUND DRIVE
WILL TELL YOU.
ITS INSTRUCTION IS ALSO FOUND IN THE MARKETPLACE, AS
LEGIONS OF MANAGERS, ENTREPRENEURS, AND LABOR LEADERS CAN ATTEST.
IT LIVES ON CAMPUS IN SEMINARS, SYMPOSIA, WORKSHOPS, AND RESIDENTIAL
CONFERENCES, BUT IT TRAVELS FAR OFF CAMPUS AND UNTIL LATE AT NIGHT
WITH EXTENSION LECTURERS.
(THE TERM "EXTENSION" IS USED IN THE
GENERIC SENSE, ENCOMPASSING ALL OF THE OUTREACH OR EXTENSION
ACTIVITIES OF THE UNIVERSITY, INCLUDING THE WORK OF THE COOPERATIVE
EXTENSION SERVICE.)
PUBLIC SERVICE IS OLD ENOUGH TO BE A TRADITION,
AND CONTEMPORARY ENOUGH TO BOUNCE OFF SATELLITES.
IT LOOKS TO THE
PAST AS IT FOSTERS LOCAL HISTORY CLUBS AND MOVES OUT TO THE FRONTIER
OF THE FUTURE AS THE UNIVERSITY COOPERATES WITH INDUSTRY AND
�8
GOVERNMENT TO TRANSLATE THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE INTO PRACTICAL
BENEFITS.
PUBLIC SERVICE CREDITS THE EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING OF ADULTS SO THAT
THEY CAN ESTABLISH THE FORMAL BASE OF THEIR EDUCATION.
IT OFFERS
STUDY OPPORTUNITIES TO PROFESSIONALS SO THAT THEY CAN STAY AT THE
FOREFRONT OF THEIR PRACTICE AND CAN KNOW HOW TO ACCOMMODATE TO
CHANGES IN THEIR CAREER PATTERNS.
IT DISPENSES INFORMATION IN A
STREAM OF PUBLICATIONS, RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTS,
CORRESPONDENCE COURSE LESSONS, FACSIMILE REPRODUCTIONS, AUDIO AND
VIDEO CASSETTES, AND REPORTS FROM COMPUTERIZED DATA-BANKS.
PUBLIC SERVICE OFFERS DIRECT HELP TO INDIVIDUALS, COMMUNITIES, AND
THE WHOLE SOCIETY.
IT GIVES A SEAL OF APPROVAL TO THE PRODUCTS OF
FARMS AND FACTORIES, IT ACCREDITS OTHER INSTITUTIONS, IT HELPS
PUBLIC OFFICIALS MASTER THEIR MANAGERIAL PROBLEMS, IT OFFERS
�9
CONSULTATION TO NON-PROFIT INSTITUTIONS AND ASSOCIATIONS, IT HELPS
GOVERNMENT BUREAUS KNOW HOW TO CONDUCT THEIR BUSINESS, IT SPONSORS
CLUBS AND HOLDS COMPETITIONS FOR YOUNG PEOPLE, IT PROVIDES EXHIBITS
AT COUNTY FAIRS, AND, DURING FARMERS' WEEK, IT SOMETIMES TURNS THE
WHOLE CAMPUS INTO A MASSIVE EXHIBITION AND CLASSROOM.
ALL OF THESE
PUBLIC SERVICE ACTIVITIES DRAW UPON AND ARE TRUE TO THE TEACHING AND
RESEARCH MISSION OF THEIR SPONSORS.
IV
IT WOULD BE POSSIBLE TO GO ON AT SOME LENGTH EVOCATIVELY NAMING
UNIVERSITY ACTIVITIES WE WOULD ALL AGREE TO BE PUBLIC SERVICE
BECAUSE THEY EXPRESS CREATIVE WAYS OF BRINGING THE REWARDS OF HIGHER
EDUCATION INTO THE LIFE PATTERNS OF ALL SEGMENTS OF OUR
EXTRAORDINARILY DIVERSE POPULATION.
�10
AS THE PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES HAVE GROWN AND MATURED, THE TRIUMVIRATE
OF THEIR MISSION -- TEACHING, RESEARCH, AND PUBLIC SERVICE -- HAS
BECOME GENERALLY ACCEPTED, AT LEAST IN RHETORIC.
TWO CLEARLY IDENTIFIABLE TENDENCIES HAVE OCCURRED.
IN THIS PROCESS,
FIRST, TEACHING
HAS BECOME NARROWLY DEFINED, REFERRING ONLY TO THAT WHICH OCCURS IN
A CLASSROOM OR LABORATORY SETTING, USUALLY ON CAMPUS, WITH STUDENTS
ENROLLED IN COURSES FOR CREDIT LEADING TO CREDENTIALS.
THE VAST
ARRAY OF OTHER TEACHING CARRIED OUT BY UNIVERSITY FACULTY IN LESS
FORMAL SETTINGS AND STRUCTURES IS LUMPED IGNOMINIOUSLY INTO PUBLIC
SERVICE.
NON-TRADITIONAL PATTERNS OF TEACHING, OFTEN WITH
NON-TRADITIONAL STUDENTS IN NON-TRADITIONAL SETTINGS, ARE THUS
RELEGATED TO A POSITION OF LESSER STATUS.
SECOND, THE RESEARCH MISSION OF THE UNIVERSITY, THOUGH THE LATEST
ENTRANT ON THE SCENE IN SOME RESPECTS, HAS BECOME OMNIPOTENT.
PROFESSORS WHO NEITHER TEACH NOR DIRECTLY ADDRESS ATTENTION TO
�11
PUBLIC CONCERNS ARE EXALTED.
SUCCESS.
PUBLICATION IS ESSENTIAL TO FACULTY
BASIC RESEARCH IS PREEMINENT, WHILE THOSE RESEARCH EFFORTS
DESCRIBED AS "APPLIED" ARE VIEWED WITH LESS ACCLAIM.
THUS, IN THE ACADEMIC LIFE OF PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS TODAY, RESEARCH
REPRESENTS THE ULTIMATE EXERCISE, WITH TEACHING -- ESPECIALLY AT THE
UNDERGRADUATE LEVEL -- SEEN AS A MANDATED DUTY, AND PUBLIC SERVICE
AN OBLIGATION TOO OFTEN ACCEPTED WITH RELUCTANCE.
IN ANALYZING FURTHER THE PUBLIC SERVICE DIMENSION OF PUBLIC HIGHER
EDUCATION, AN EVEN BROADER THEME MUST CONCERN US TODAY.
PUBLIC
UNIVERSITIES PERFORM SEVERAL LARGE CATEGORIES OF ACTIVITIES WHICH DO
NOT SEEM TO BE CENTRALLY CONCERNED WITH EITHER TEACHING OR
RESEARCH.
IF THE PUBLIC UNIVERSITY HAS ONLY THREE FUNCTIONS
TEACHING, RESEARCH, AND PUBLIC SERVICE -- THEN THESE OTHER
ACTIVITIES MUST BE PUBLIC SERVICE EVEN THOUGH, UP TO NOW, FEW OF US
MAY HAVE THOUGHT OF THEM UNDER THAT RUBRIC.
�12
HERE ARE FIVE EXAMPLES OF WHAT I MEAN:
THE FIRST IS THE PRESERVATION OF KNOWLEDGE, A GOAL WHICH
UNIVERSITIES SEEK IN MYRIAD WAYS BUT MOST NOTABLY IN LIBRARIES,
MUSEUMS, GALLERIES, AND SPECIAL COLLECTIONS.
A SECOND KIND OF ACTIVITY IS THE PROVISION OF AESTHETIC EXPERIENCE.
THE RICH PROFUSION OF MUSIC, PAINTING, SCULPTURE, BALLET, DRAMA, AND
ALL THE OTHER ARTS WHICH POURS FORTH ON A UNIVERSITY CAMPUS CAN MAKE
ITS NEIGHBORHOOD A DELIGHTFUL PLACE TO LIVE.
MORE THAN THAT,
CONCERT BUREAUS, RADIO, AND TELEVISION CARRY CAMPUS-BASED ARTS OUT
SO WIDELY THAT VAN HISE'S DESIRE IS REALIZED MORE FULLY IN THIS
RESPECT THAN IN ALMOST ANY OTHER.
A THIRD CLUSTER OF UNIVERSITY ACTIVITIES ARE THOSE RELATED TO THE
DIRECT CONSUMER SERVICES WHICH UNIVERSITIES PROVIDE.
THEY MAINTAIN
�13
HOSPITALS, CLINICS, TESTING LABORATORIES, PUBLISHING COMPANIES,
HOTELS, RESTAURANTS, BOOK STORES, AND MANY ANOTHER KIND OF
INSTITUTION OR SERVICE.
IN SOME MEASURE, THESE FACILITIES AND
SERVICES ARE THOUGHT NECESSARY TO SUPPORT A UNIVERSITY'S INSTRUCTION
AND RESEARCH BUT SOME ACTIVITIES WOULD SEEM TO GO FAR BEYOND THAT
NECESSITY.
A FOURTH CONTRIBUTION OF UNIVERSITIES IS THE CUSTODIANSHIP OF YOUNG
PEOPLE OF COLLEGIATE AGE.
IN OTHER PARTS OF THE WORLD LESS WEALTHY
THAN OURS, THERE IS AN ECONOMY OF SCARCITY.
ONLY A LIMITED NUMBER
OF PLACES FOR STUDENTS EXIST AND THERE IS VIGOROUS COMPETITION FOR
THEM.
THE CHOSEN FEW MUST WORK VERY HARD TO GRADUATE BUT ALMOST ALL
OF THEM DO SO -- AND THEN THEY ARE SET FOR LIFE.
SYSTEM.
WE REJECT SUCH A
WE WANT EVERY DOOR TO BE OPEN TO EVERY YOUNG PERSON WHO CAN
POSSIBLY PROFIT BY ENTERING IT.
WHILE WE NO LONGER BELIEVE IN
COMPLETELY OPEN ADMISSION TO COLLEGE, WE ARE PREPARED TO ADMIT MOST
�14
YOUNG PEOPLE WHO WANT TO ENROLL, SO THAT THEY WILL HAVE A CHANCE TO
"FIND THEMSELVES" AND SO THAT THEIR FURTHER MATURATION WILL OCCUR
UNDER RELATIVELY SAFE CIRCUMSTANCES.
SOME PEOPLE EVEN CYNICALLY
ARGUE THAT FAMILIES WILL SUPPORT (FINANCIALLY AND POLITICALLY) A
UNIVERSITY WHICH CARES FOR THEIR CHILDREN AT RELATIVELY LOW COST.
IN THE LATE 1940S, STUDENT BODIES INCLUDED MANY YOUNG MEN AND WOMEN
WHO HAD BEEN TO WAR AND HAD GROWN UP BEFORE THEY CAME TO COLLEGE.
OLD-TIMERS STILL TALK ABOUT THOSE WONDROUS DAYS WHEN STUDENTS REALLY
WANTED AN EDUCATION AND INSISTED ON GETTING IT.
WE HAVE MANY SUCH
STUDENTS TODAY, BUT WE ALSO HAVE MANY WHO ARE ENROLLED WITH LITTLE
SENSE OF PURPOSE.
I COULD NOT ESTIMATE WHAT PROPORTION OF OUR
CURRENT STUDENTS ARE BASICALLY CUSTODIAL CASES BUT, IN AIRPLANES AND
STUDENT UNIONS AND OTHER PLACES, I HAVE SAT BESIDE TOO MANY OF THEM
-- BRIGHT, FRESH, ATTRACTIVE YOUNGSTERS ENROLLED IN A HODGE-PODGE OF
TRIVIAL UNDEMANDING COURSES AND NEVER QUICKENING INTO A LIVELY
�15
INTEREST WHEN ASKED ABOUT ANY OF THE SUBJECTS THEY ARE "TAKING."
HOW MANY OF THESE ARE ENROLLED BECAUSE THEY HAVE NO BETTER PLACE TO
BE?
WHAT PERCENTAGE OF OUR GRADUATE AND PROFESSIONAL ENROLLEES HAVE
STAYED ON BECAUSE THEY DID NOT KNOW WHAT ELSE TO DO WITH THEMSELVES
AFTER THEY HAD A BACCALAUREATE DEGREE?
IS THE CARE OF SUCH PEOPLE
TEACHING -- OR IS IT PUBLIC SERVICE?
THE EIFTH KIND OF ACTIVITY IS THE UNIVERSITY'S ROLE AS ENTERTA INER
FOR THE MASSES, PARTICULARLY THE MASSES WHO WATCH INTERCOLLEGIATE
ATHLETIC EVENTS.
IT SEEMS UNLIKELY THAT ANYBODY WOULD ARGUE THAT
OUR VAST EXPENDITURES OF TIME AND MONEY IN SUCH SPORTS CAN PROPERLY
BE ALLOCATED TO EITHER TEACHING OR RESEARCH.
THEY MUST THEREFORE BE
COUNTED AS PART OF OUR PUBLIC SERVICE.
IN ADDITION TO TEACHING AND RESEARCH, OTHER MAJOR FORMS OF
UNIVERSITY SERVICE THAN THESE FIVE MAY EXIST; BUT THESE SERVE TO
�16
ILLUSTRATE THE BREADTH OF PUBLIC UNIVERSITY ACTIVITY TODAY, GOING
FAR BEYOND THE HOME CAMPUS AND A NARROW DEFINITION OF EITHER
TEACHING OR RESEARCH.
v
BASED ON A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE EVOLUTION OF OUR LAND-GRANT
UNIVERSITIES, AND MY PERSONAL EXPERIENCES BOTH IN AND OUT OF THE
ACADEMIC LIFE, I HAVE BECOME PERSUADED THAT THE CONCEPT OF THE TRIO
OF FUNCTIONS WE USUALLY ASCRIBE TO THESE INSTITUTIONS -- TEACHING,
RESEARCH, AND PUBLIC SERVICE -- IS INACCURATE AND PROBABLY
COUNTERPRODUCTIVE IN FULFILLMENT OF THE VISION OF FULL SERVICE TO
SOCIETY.
ALL OF MY ANALYSIS SUGGESTS THAT THE BASIC FUNCTIONS OF THE
UNIVERSITY, THE WORK IT MOST ESSENTIALLY DOES, ARE TEACHING (THE
DISSEMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE),
B~SEARCH
(THE CREATION OF KNOWLEDGE),
�17
AND (SOME WOULD SAY) ARCHIVAL (THE PRESERVATION OF KNOWLEDGE).
OTHER MAJOR ACTIVITIES OF THE UNIVERSITY -- EXTENSION, MASS
ENTERTAINMENT, CUSTODIANSHIP, OR THE PROVISION OF AESTHETIC
ENJOYMENT OR OF CONSUMER SERVICES -- GAIN LEGITIMACY ONLY TO THE
DEGREE THAT THEY ARE LINKED WITH TEACHING AND RESEARCH.
SOME PEOPLE
BELIEVE THAT THE PRESERVATION OF KNOWLEDGE SHOULD ALSO BE RESTRICTED
TO MATERIALS WHICH CAN BE RELATED, NOW OR IN THE FUTURE, TO THE TWO
BASIC FUNCTIONS.
THUS, I WOULD ARGUE PUBLIC SERVICE IS NOT A FUNCTION BUT A PRINCIPLE
WHICH ANIMATES AND GUIDES THE BASIC WORK OF THE PUBLIC UNIVERSITY.
PROGRAMMATICALLY, IT MEANT ONE THING AT THE FOUNDING OF OUR FIRST
INSTITUTIONS; IT MEANS SOMETHING QUITE DIFFERENT NOW.
IT IS THE
DESIRE DIRECTLY TO SERVE THE SOCIAL ORDER WHICH CREATED, NEEDS, AND
NOURISHES THE PUBLIC UNIVERSITY.
PRINCIPLE.
IT IS NOT THE ONLY SUCH
ONE CAN READILY THINK OF AT LEAST THREE OTHER GUIDING
�18
INFLUENCES:
THE TRADITION OF THE UNIVERSITY AS AN INSTITUTION; THE
DEVELOPMENT OF THE DISCIPLINES AS BODIES OF KNOWLEDGE; AND THE
DESIRE TO SERVE THE SPECIFIC STUDENTS ENROLLED BOTH ON AND OFF
CAMPUS.
ALL FOUR PRINCIPLES ARE EVIDENT IN A UNIVERSITY'S STRUCTURE AND ARE
POWERFULLY FELT IN ITS OPERATION.
CONSTANT TENSION EXISTS AMONG
THEM, SINCE EACH, IF CARRIED TO ITS EXTREME, CONTRADICTS OR DENIES
THE OTHERS.
THE COMPLETE TRADITIONALIST REMAINS LOYAL TO
LONG-ESTABLISHED STANDARDS, DISDAINING BOTH NEW KNOWLEDGE AND THE
DESIRE TO ACCOMMODATE IMMEDIATE STUDENT NEEDS; HE LOOKS WITH
DISTASTE AT PUBLIC SERVICE UNLESS IT CAN BE SHOWN TO HAVE BEEN
FAVORED BY ABELARD.
AN EQUAL PROVINCIALISM CAN BE FOUND AMONG THOSE
WHO FOCUS ENTIRELY UPON THE DISCIPLINES, UPON THE IMMEDIATE NEEDS OF
STUDENTS OR, FOR THAT MATTER, UPON PUBLIC SERVICE.
A CHALLENGE FOR
�1
9
UN
IVERS
ITY LEADERS ISTO BALANCE THE OPERAT
ION OF THE PR
INC
IPLES
REASONABLY WELL
.
VI
POL
IC
IES CONCERN
ING PUBL
IC SERV
ICE ARE OFTEN AS HARD TO STATE AND
MA
INTA
IN AS ARE POL
IC
IES CONCERN
ING TEACH
ING AND RESEARCH
.
UN
IVERS
IT
IES DO NOT MERELY RESPOND TO SOC
IAL DEMAND OR REQUEST
; THEY
USE THE
IR ADVANCED KNOWLEDGE TO TRY TO PERFECT SOC
IETY OR
, AT ANY
RATE
, TO CHALLENGE ITD
IRECTLY
. WE LOOK TO OUR UN
IVERS
IT
IES TO BE
OUT FRONT
, SETT
ING A V
IS
IONARY AGENDA FOR SOC
IETY -PROV
ID
ING
LEADERSH
IP IN ADDRESS
ING S
IGN
IF
ICANT SOC
IETAL CONCERNS
. THOMAS
JEFFERSON SA
ID THAT IN FOUND
ING H
IS UN
IVERS
ITY "1 WAS D
ISCHARG
ING
THE OD
IOUS FUNCT
ION OF POUR
ING MED
IC
INE DOWN THE THROAT OF A PAT
IENT
INSENS
IBLEOF NEED
ING IT
.
" WHEN SEAMAN KNAPP SENT AGENTS OUT INTO
THE F
IELD
, THEY SOMET
IMES FOUND AR
~E
POSSES OF FARMERS WA
IT
ING AT
�20
THE COUNTY LINE TO TURN THEM BACK.
BEING THE THOUGHT LEADERS FOR
SOCIETY IS NOT NECESSARILY AN EASY OR POPULAR TASK.
DECISIONS ABOUT PUBLIC SERVICE -- WHAT TO DO OR NOT DO, WHEN TO
BEGIN AND WHEN TO END, WHETHER TO PERSEVERE OR CONCEDE -- MUST, LIKE
ALL OTHER UNIVERSITY DECISIONS, BE MADE IN EACH SPECIFIC CASE IN
TERMS OF ALL THE RELEVANT FACTS AND VALUES.
BUT AFTER 75 YEARS OF
FULL-SCALE EXPERIENCE, THE MAJOR LESSON WE HAVE LEARNED ABOUT
UNIVERSITY-BASED PUBLIC SERVICE IS THAT IT IS BEST CONCEIVED AS
DYNAMIC AND CREATIVE TEACHING AND RESEARCH CARRIED OUT IN THE FULL
DIMENSIONS OF THE HUMAN LIFE.-SPAN AND THE BROAD RANGE OF HUMAN
ASSOCIATION BOTH ON AND OFF CAMPUS.
THIS FACT IS NOT SURPRISING BECAUSE IN THIS COUNTRY PUBLIC SERVICE
ORIGINATED ESSENTIALLY WITH AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION.
OUR PIONEERING
FOUNDERS WANTED TO EXTEND IN MYRIAD WAYS, THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE
�21
UNIVERSITY TO NEW AUDIENCES.
THEY QUICKLY DISCOVERED, HOWEVER, THAT
ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN FOR THE PURPOSE OF PUBLIC SERVICE GREATLY
INFLUENCE A UNIVERSITY'S WHOLE PATTERN OF TEACHING AND RESEARCH.
EARLY IN THIS CENTURY, WHEN COUNTY AGENTS WENT OUT TO FARMS TO CARRY
THE MESSAGE OF SCIENTIFIC AGRICULTURE, THEY FOUND PROBLEMS FOR WHICH
THERE WERE NO EXISTING SOLUTIONS; IN RESPONDING TO SUCH NEEDS, BOTH
EXPERIMENT STATIONS AND RESIDENT PROGRAMS OF TEACHING IN AGRICULTURE
WERE TRANSFORMED.
SUCH OTHER FIELDS OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION AS
SOCIAL WORK, NURSING, LIBRARIANSHIP, ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY
TEACHING, SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION, AND BUSINESS MANAGEMENT WERE FIRST
DEVELOPED OR GREATLY ENHANCED BY TEACHING IN THE FIELD.
MANY BODIES
OF CONTENT OR FORMS OF TEACHING ARE FIRST TESTED BEYOND THE
PERIPHERY OF THE CAMPUS.
SOME PROVE TO BE GOOD ENOUGH TO BE SPREAD
WIDELY THROUGH THE UNIVERSITY'S PRACTICE; OTHERS CAN BE CONVENIENTLY
FORGOTTEN.
�22
IF WE WERE TO JUDGE THE LEVELS OF QUALITY OF VARIOUS FORMS OF
UNIVERSITY PUBLIC SERVICE, I THINK WE WOULD DO SO IN TERMS OF THE
EXTENT TO WHICH THEY INCORPORATE TEACHING OR RESEARCH.
IN THE EARLY
DAYS OF COOPERATIVE EXTENSION, THIS PRINCIPLE WAS EMBODIED IN THE
PRACTICAL RULE THAT A COUNTY AGENT MIGHT TEACH FARMERS HOW TO CULL
THEIR FLOCKS OF CHICKENS, BUT HE SHOULD NOT DO THE CULLING HIMSELF;
SIMILARLY THE HOME ADVISERS SHOULD TEACH THE PRINCIPLES OF DIET, NOT
MERELY PASS OUT RECIPES.
THE PROFESSOR OF MANAGEMENT TEACHES
BUSINESSMEN THE PRINCIPLES OF HIS ART BUT DOES NOT RUN THEIR
BUSINESSES FOR THEM -- AT LEAST NOT ON UNIVERSITY TIME.
PUBLIC
POLICY FORUMS ARE BASED SO FAR AS POSSIBLE ON FACTS, NOT OPINIONS.
THE FORTY-YEAR-OLD MUST BE TAUGHT IN A DIFFERENT WAY THAN THE
TWENTY-YEAR-OLD AND THE SEVENTY-YEAR-OLD LEARNS IN STILL ANOTHER
FASHION; TO THE EXTENT THAT WE GRASP AND RESPOND TO THESE
DIFFERENCES THROUGH THE RESULTS OF RESEARCH, WE SHALL FULFILL OUR
PURPOSE TO HAVE TRUE EXTENSION, NOT MERELY OFF-CAMPUS IMITATIONS.
�23
THE TESTS OF RELEVANCE OF TEACHING AND RESEARCH SHOULD BE APPLIED TO
THE FIVE OTHER FORMS OF PUBLIC SERVICE I SUGGESTED EARLIER -- THE
PRESERVATION OF KNOWLEDGE, PROVISION OF AESTHETIC EXPERIENCES,
DIRECT CONSUMER SERVICES, CUSTODIANSHIP OF THE YOUNG, MASS
ENTERTAINMENT.
WHILE I WILL NOT DO SO THIS EVENING, TO PURSUE THIS
ANALYSIS DOES SHARPEN THE FOCUS OF THE UNIVERSITIES' MISSION AND
SUGGEST GUIDELINES FOR CARRYING OUT ITS MYRIAD ACTIVITIES.
BUT NOW, BACK TO THE BASIC FORMS OF PUBLIC SERVICE: TEACHING AND
RESEARCH.
IN FULFILLMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY'S PUBLIC SERVICE
MISSION, THE TEACHING FUNCTION OF THE UNIVERSITY MUST BE BROADENED
AND DEEPENED, TO FULLY INCORPORATE THE VARIED WAYS IN WHICH TEACHING
MUST BE PERFORMED IN RESPONSE TO CHANGING DEMOGRAPHICS AND
CONTEMPORARY NEEDS.
IN THE FUTURE, REGULAR CLASS ENROLLMENT WILL
CONTINUE TO BE IMPORTANT, BUT ONLY AS A PART OF A VASTLY LARGER
WHOLE WHICH INCLUDES SUCH LIFELONG EDUCATIONAL SERVICES AS
�24
CONFERENCES, SEMINARS, LECTURE AND CONCERT SERIES, TELECOMMUNICATION
THROUGH MANY MEDIA, FIELD-STAFFS REACHING OUT TO PLACES SOMETIMES
FAR DISTANT FROM THE HOME CAMPUS, AND THE PROVISION OF LEARNING
OPPORTUNITIES FOR MANY CONSTITUENCIES, INCLUDING AGRICULTURE,
INDUSTRY, COMMERCE, LABOR, FAMILIES, VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATIONS, AND
SOLITARY INDIVIDUALS.
THIS CHANGE FROM YOUTH-DOMINATED EDUCATION TO
A LIFESPAN EDUCATION CONCEPTION WILL REQUIRE COUNTLESS CHANGES IN
POLICY AND PRACTICE WITHIN UNIVERSITIES, THE MOST IMPORTANT OF WHICH
WILL BE TO GIVE IT LEGITIMACY WITHIN THE PRACTICES OF FACULTY
RECRUITMENT, PROMOTION, AND, IN PARTICULAR, REWARD.
UNIVERSITIES
QUITE PROPERLY ARE CLASSICALLY CRITICAL OF OTHER SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
WHICH FAIL TO REMAIN CONTEMPORARY IN STRUCTURE AND IN ADOPTION OF
MODERN TECHNOLOGY IN PERFORMING THEIR SERVICES, EVEN WHEN
CHANGES MAY BE A CONSEQUENCE.
SWEEPING
IN REVIEWING THEIR TEACHING
ACTIVITIES, UNIVERSITIES SHOULD BE INTROSPECTIVE WITH EQUAL RIGOR.
THE CURRENT FAILURE TO RECOGNIZE EXCELLENCE IN TEACHING , WHEREVER
AND IN WHATEVER FORM IT OCCUR S, IS INE XCUSABLE.
�25
SIMILARLY, THE RESEARCH EFFORTS OF THE PUBLIC UNIVERSITY MUST BE
CARRIED OUT WITH AN ULTIMATE CONCERN FOR THEIR RELEVANCE TO SOCIETAL
CONCERNS.
THIS IN NO WAY THREATENS THE ESSENTIALITY OF SO-CALLED
BASIC RESEARCH, FOR WHICH THE ULTIMATE BENEFITS AND CONSEQUENCES MAY
NOT BE ENVISIONED.
BUT IT DOES SUGGEST THAT BASIC RESEARCH ALONE
DOES NOT ADEQUATELY FULFILL THE PUBLIC'S LEGITIMATE EXPECTATIONS IN
CONSEQUENCE OF THEIR MASSIVE SUPPORT.
BEYOND PEER REVIEW.
THERE MUST BE ACCOUNTABILITY
THE RESULTS OF RESEARCH MUST BE INTEGRATED INTO
THE UNIVERSITY'S TEACHING MISSION, AVAILABLE TO ALL -- BOTH ON AND
OFF CAMPUS -- WHO CAN USE IT.
TO FAIL TO DO SO IS TO FAIL TO
FULFILL THE COMPLETE UNIVERSITY ROLE.
THE GENIUS OF THE PUBLIC
UNIVERSITY LIES NOT IN ITS TEACHING OR ITS RESEARCH, BUT IN THE
CREATIVE INTEGRATION OF THE TWO TO SERVE VARIOUS PUBLICS.
THIS HAS BEEN THE HALLMARK OF OUR LAND-GRANT UNIVERSITIES, WHICH HAS
EARNED FOR THEM THE DESCRIPTION OF BEING AMERICA'S FIRST DISTINCTIVE
�26
CONTRIBUTION TO HIGHER EDUCATION.
INTERNAL PRESSURES TO FURTHER
EMPHASIZE RESEARCH AND DOWN PLAY PUBLIC SERVICE ARE TREMENDOUS.
THUS, THE LAND-GRANT TRADITION APPEARS TO BE IN JEOPARDY, WITH MOST
LAND-GRANT UNIVERSITIES LOSING THE DISTINCTIVENESS OF THE BALANCE OR
BLEND OF TEACHING AND RESEARCH WITHIN THE SPIRIT OF PUBLIC SERVICE
WHICH CHARACTERIZES THEIR TRADITION.
VII
LOOKING TO THE FUTURE, IT SEEMS WISE TO REMIND OURSELVES THAT,
ULTIMATELY, SOCIETY'S NEEDS WILL BE SERVED BY THE PUBLIC
INSTITUTIONS IT CREATES AND SUSTAINS -- OR, AS IN THE PAST, NEW
SYSTEMS WILL BE ESTABLISHED TO REPLACE THOSE WHICH DISAPPOINT.
THE
AMAZING PROLIFERATION OF INDEPENDENT, NON-UNIVERSITY-BASED, PUBLICLY
SUPPORTED RESEARCH INSTITUTES AND THE EXPLOSION OF
NON-UNIVERSITY-BASED PROGRAMS OF CONTINUING EDUCATION FOR THE
PROFESSIONS AND OTHER SPECIAL INTERESTS ILLUSTRATE THIS RESPONSE TO
�27
PUBLIC NEED.
TO THE EXTENT THAT SUCH INITIATIVES CAN PERFORM THESE
FUNCTIONS EQUALLY WELL, INDEPENDENT OF THE INTELLECTUAL BASE WHICH
THE UNIVERSITY PROVIDES, THESE TRENDS MAY BE SOCIALLY DESIRABLE.
TO
THE EXTENT THEY ERODE THE ROLE OF AND SUPPORT FOR PUBLIC
UNIVERSITIES AND ARE SIMPLY A CONSEQUENCE OF INSTITUTIONAL FAILURE,
THEY SHOULD PROVIDE CAUSE FOR CONCERN.
ROBERT ANDERSON, CHAIRMAN OF ROCKWELL INTERNATIONAL, IN ADDRESSING
THE CORPORATE-HIGHER EDUCATION FORUM OF CANADA EARLIER THIS YEAR,
SUGGESTED THAT "EDUCATORS MAY WELL HAVE TO EXAMINE THEIR BASIC
ASSUMPTIONS AND RETHINK THEIR OPERATIONS FROM TOP TO BOTTOM IN ORDER
TO BE COMPETITIVE IN TODAY'S WORLD, JUST AS BUSINESS PEOPLE ARE
DOING."
WHILE ALL AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES, PUBLIC AND PRIVATE, NOW ENGAGE IN
PUBLIC SERVICE, IT HAS BEEN MOST TRULY FULFILLED IN THE STATE
�UNIVERSITIES WHICH IS WHY THEY PROCLAIM IT TO BE PART OF THEIR
CENTRAL TRIAD OF PURPOSES.
THE DESIRE TO RESPOND DIRECTLY TO
SOCIETY AND, IN TURN, TO INCORPORATE THE IDEAS THUS GAINED INTO THE
CENTRAL FABRIC AND PROCESSES OF THE INSTITUTION HAS BEEN A
POWERFULLY GENERATIVE FORCE.
IT HAS HELPED BRING THE STATE
UNIVERSITIES TO THEIR WORLD-WIDE EMINENCE.
IT HAS LED TO THE
CREATION OF NEW CATEGORIES OF INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER LEARNING, SUCH
AS THE REGIONAL STATE COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES AND THE COMMUNITY
COLLEGES.
IT HAS CHALLENGED THE PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES.
IT
POWERFULLY INFLUENCES ALL NEW UNIVERSITIES OVERSEAS AND IT IS
TRANSFORMING THE ANCIENT EUROPEAN INSTITUTIONS WHERE THE IDEA OF
HIGHER LEARNING BEGAN SINCE PUBLIC SERVICE IS THE SPIRIT WHICH
ANIMATES SOME OF THE BEST THINGS WE DO.
WE ALSO HAVE BOTH A CHALLENGE AND A GUIDE FOR THE FUTURE.
WHEN OUR
MAJOR EMPHASIS IN PUBLIC SERVICE WAS MADE UP OF THOSE ACTIVITIES
�29
EVOKED BY THE WORD "EXTENSION," WE FOUND THAT OUR DEEPEST SENSE OF
REWARD CAME WHEN UNIVERSITY SCHOLARS ANALYZED SOME PART OF SOCIETY
TO SEE HOW IT COULD BEST BE HELPED TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF ITS
LIFE THROUGH THE USE OF THE UNIVERSITY'S RESOURCES OF KNOWLEDGE AND
INSTRUCTION.
WE DID NOT DO EVERYTHING PEOPLE ASKED OF US BUT, BY
COLLABORATIVE PLANNING, GUIDED THEM TO THE REALIZATION THAT THE
PROBLEMS OF INDIVIDUALS AND OF SOCIETY COULD NOT BE SOLVED BY
IMMEDIATELY AVAILABLE REMEDIES BUT REQUIRED DEEPER ANALYSIS AND THE
USE OF MORE PROFOUND PROCEDURES.
AS WE ENLARGE OUR CONCEPTION OF
PUBLIC SERVICE, I HOPE THAT WE SHALL FOLLOW THE SAME IDEA.
WE
SHOULD NOT SIMPLY OBLIGE PEOPLE BY DOING WHAT THEY ASK US TO DO.
OUR TRIUMPHS OF THE FUTURE, LIKE OUR TRIUMPHS OF THE
PRESENT AND
THE PAST, CAN BE ACH IEVED ONLY IF WE HOLD FAST TO THE IDEA THAT THE
PUBLIC SERVICES OF A UNIVERSITY SHOULD BE CREATIVELY RELATED TO ITS
BASIC FUNCTIONS OF TEACHING AND RESEARCH.
�30
IN LOOKING BROADLY AT SOCIETAL CONCERNS TODAY, THERE IS AN ALMOST
DESPERATE NEED FOR OUR STATE UNIVERSITIES TO EMPLOY THEIR MARVELOUS
RESOURCES MORE CREATIVELY IN SERVING PUBLIC INTERESTS.
THE AGENDA
IS VIRTUALLY ENDLESS -- ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND JOB GENERATION,
BIOTECHNOLOGY, ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, HEALTH CARE, COMPETITIVENESS,
THE ELDERLY, YOUTH, ENERGY, PEACE, WELFARE REFORM, RURAL AND URBAN
DECAY, WASTE DISPOSAL, THE CULTURAL ARTS -- THE LIST GOES ON.
THE
SUCCESS OF OUR SOCIETY IN ADDRESSING SUCH ISSUES WILL INFLUENCE THE
QUALITY AND CHARACTER OF LIFE FOR BOTH CURRENT AND FUTURE
GENERATIONS.
TO ILLUSTRATE BOTH THE PROBLEM AND THE POTENTIAL, I WILL TAKE JUST
ONE EXAMPLE FROM THE AGENDA:
YOUTH DEVELOPMENT.
WHILE DEMOGRAPHICS
DEMAND ATTENTION TO THE REALITIES OF AN AGING POPULATION AND THE
NEEDS OF THE ELDERLY, FURTHER REFLECTION AFFIRMS THAT THE FABRIC OF
OUR SOCIETY IS UNRAVELING AT THE EARLY END OF THE LIFE-SPAN.
�31
THROUGH THE 1980S, SCHOLARS HAVE EXAMINED IN MICROSCOPIC DETAIL THE
PROBLEMS THAT CONFRONT AND CONFOUND AMERICA'S YOUTH.
A SERIES OF
DISTINGUISHED COMMISSIONS HAS DOCUMENTED THE LOOMING "CRISIS OF
YOUTH," AND WARNED OF THE DANGER OF A "PERMANENT UNDERCLASS" OF THE
YOUNG.
THEIR REPORTS SERVE NOTICE THAT OUR WAY OF LIFE IS
ENDANGERED BY SHORTCOMINGS OF THE RISING GENERATIONS.
THIS CALL FOR A SHIFT IN FOCUS UNDERSCORES THE NEED TO RECOGNIZE THE
VITAL ROLE OF VARIOUS lliELUENCES IN THE PROCESS OF GROWING UP.
ELEMENTS COME TO BEAR.
MANY
THE FOLLOWING FOUR, AMONG MANY, HAVE SPECIAL
IMPORTANCE:
THE FAMILY.
EXTINCT.
THE TRADITIONAL AMERICAN FAMILY IS NEARLY
IN 1955, 60 PERCENT OF AMERICAN YOUNGSTERS LIVED
IN A HOME WITH A WORKING FATHER, A HOUSEWIFE MOTHER, AND
ONE OR MORE SCHOOL-AGE SIBLINGS.
BY 1985, LESS THAN TWO
GENERATIONS LATER, THAT NUMBER HAD DROPPED TO 7 PERCENT.
MORE MOTHERS, BY ECONOMIC NECESSITY OR CAREER CHOICE, ARE
WORKING AWAY FROM HOME.
�32
THE TRADE-OFF IS CONSEQUENTIAL.
RECENT STUDIES SUGGEST
THAT FULL-TIME, NON-PARENTAL, OUT-OF-HOME CHILD CARE
COMMENCING AT AN EARLY AGE LEADS TO SOCIAL AND PERSONAL
PROBLEMS LATER IN LIFE.
SUCH CHILDREN ARE MORE LIKELY TO
BE UNCOOPERATIVE, UNPOPULAR, HAVE POORER STUDY SKILLS,
LOWER GRADES, AND DIMINISHED SELF-ESTEEM.
IT IS REGRETTABLE THAT, IN GENERAL, SOCIETY HAS BEEN
UNRESPONSIVE IN DEALING WITH THE SIGNIFICANT CONSEQUENCES
OF CHANGING FAMILY CIRCUMSTANCES.
THE ECONOMIC ROLE OF YOUTH.
WHEN AMERICA WAS A
PREDOMINANTLY AGRARIAN NATION, CHILDREN PERFORMED TASKS
FROM A VERY EARLY AGE WHICH MADE A REAL CONTRIBUTION TO THE
FAMILY'S LIVELIHOOD.
CHILDREN WERE AN ECONOMIC ASSET.
IN
THE MAINLY URBAN AND SUBURBAN AMERICA OF TODAY, YOUTH ARE
ECONOMIC LIABILITIES.
TODAY'S SUBURBAN CHILD MAY HAVE SOME
CHORES, BUT MOST ARE NOT CRUCIAL TO THE FAMILY'S
WELL-BEING.
WAYS NEED TO BE FOUND TO OFFER YOUTH
OPPORTUNITIES FOR PERSONAL SKILLS DEVELOPMENT AND
CHARACTER-BUILDING ... WAYS TO BOOST SELF-ESTEEM, TO BE
CONTRIBUTORS TO AS WELL AS BENEFICIARIES OF THEIR FAMILIES
AND THE LARGER SOCIETY.
�33
THE MATURATION PROCESS.
THE PERIOD OF DEPENDENCY FOR YOUTH
HAS BEEN EXTENDED, OFTEN INTO THEIR MID- OR LATE-TWENTIES.
EVEN AS THE AGE OF PUBERTY IS SHORTENED AND YOUNGSTERS ARE
PHYSICALLY AND MENTALLY MORE READY AND ABLE TO PERFORM
ADULT-LIKE ROLES, THE TIMEFRAME OF TRAINING TO TAKE ONE'S
PLACE IN ADULT SOCIETY IS LENGTHENED.
CAUGHT IN THE
CONFLICT OF EARLIER MATURATION AND PROLONGED DEPENDENCY,
MANY YOUTH ARE ENDANGERED BY A SENSE OF AIMLESSNESS AND
ANOMIE.
YOUTH NEED CHANCES TO CONTRIBUTE TO THEIR SOCIETY ...
OPPORTUNITIES TO WORK AND SERVE AS EMPLOYEES OR AS
VOLUNTEERS.
BOTH CAN BE MOTIVATING AND REWARDING.
IN THIS
WAY ... BECOMING GIVERS AS WELL AS TAKERS ... YOUTH CAN MOVE
BEYOND THE FENCES OF DEPENDENCY.
THE SCHOOL.
FROM KINDERGARTEN THROUGH HIGH SCHOOL, THE
NATION'S SINGLE MOST PROTRACTED EDUCATION SYSTEM IS ONE
DESIGNED IN AND FOR THE 19TH CENTURY.
FEW OF ITS PARTS
HAVE CHANGED IN FUNDAMENTAL WAYS TO MATCH THE EVOLVING
NEEDS OF STUDENTS.
POINT.
A FEW EXAMPLES SHOULD ILLUSTRATE THE
THE VALUE OF EARLY CHILDHOOD AND PRESCHOOL
EXPERIENCES IS EVIDENT, BUT FEW SCHOOLS ADDRESS THESE NEEDS
IN A SYSTEMATIC OR COMPREHENSIVE WAY.
DESPITE A GROWING
�34
NEED FOR A SAFE PLACE FOR uLATCHKEY u CHILDREN TO STAY
BEFORE AND AFTER CLASSROOM HOURS, FEW SCHOOLS HAVE OPENED
THEIR DOORS TO CREATIVE SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEM.
EVEN IN
LIGHT OF STUDIES THAT SHOW THAT STUDENTS' SKILLS
DETERIORATE DURING A SUMMER uLAYOFF u DESIGNED FOR AN
AGRARIAN SOCIETY, THREE-MONTH SUMMER INTERLUDES REMAIN AN
ENTRENCHED PRACTICE.
WHILE SCHOOLS CANNOT BE EXPECTED TO DO EVERYTHING, THEY
SHOULD ASSUME A LEADERSHIP AND CATALYTIC ROLE IN ADDRESSING
THE DEVELOPMENTAL NEEDS OF YOUTH.
CONVENTIONAL WISDOM MIGHT SUGGEST THAT THE PROBLEMS OF YOUTH ARE TOO
OVERWHELMING, TOO COMPLEX, TOO PERSISTENT, AND TOO EXPENSIVE TO
SOLVE.
SUCH AN AURA OF INTRACTABILITY COULD DESTROY PUBLIC SUPPORT
FOR YOUTH PROGRAMS.
THAT IS WHY THE MESSAGE OF A NEW BOOK BY
LISBETH B. SCHORR, WITHIN OUR REACH:
BREAKING THE CYCLE OF
DISADVANTAGE, IS SO IMPORTANT:
UIT IS A STRANGE AND TRAGIC PARADOX THAT CONFIDENCE IN OUR
COLLECTIVE ABILITY TO ALTER THE DESTINIES OF VULNERABLE CHILDREN
HAS HIT BOTTOM JUST AS SCIENTIFIC UNDERSTANDING OF THE PROCESSES
OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND THE RICH EVIDENCE OF SUCCESS IN HELPING
SUCH CHILDREN HAS REACHED A NEW HIGH."
�35
SCHORR HAS DESCRIBED THE ENIGMA.
THEORETICALLY, SOCIETY KNOWS HOW
TO DESIGN THE EFFECTIVE SCHOOL, HOW TO DELIVER HIGH QUALITY PRENATAL
CARE, AND HOW TO EFFECTIVELY INTERVENE TO REPAIR DYSFUNCTIONAL
FAMILIES.
WE KNOW MUCH BETTER THAN WE DO.
As SCHORR POINTS OUT:
" ... IN THE LAST TWO DECADES WE HAVE ACCUMULATED A CRITICAL MASS
OF INFORMATION THAT TOTALLY TRANSFORMS THE NATION'S CAPACITY TO
IMPROVE OUTCOMES FOR VULNERABLE CHILDREN ... BUT MANY
ADMINISTRATORS, ACADEMICS, PRACTITIONERS, AND PUBLIC POLICY
ANALYSTS ARE NOT AWARE OF THE NEWLY EMERGING INSIGHTS,
ESPECIALLY FROM OUTSIDE THEIR OWN FIELDS."
SPREAD THROUGHOUT A GREAT UNIVERSITY SUCH AS YOURS -- IN MULTIPLE
DISCIPLINES AND ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS -- IS A MARVELOUS AGGREGATION
OF EXPERTISE ABOUT THE DEVELOPMENTAL PROCESSES OF YOUTH, FROM
PRE-BIRTH THROUGH ADOLESCENCE.
IS It POSSIBLE THAT THESE SUPERB
KNOWLEDGE RESOURCES COULD BE BROUGHT TOGETHER IN A COHESIVE,
COMPREHENSIVE AND COLLABORATIVE MANNER TO AID SOCIETY IN ADDRESSING
MORE EFFECTIVELY THE EDUCATIONAL/DEVELOPMENTAL NEEDS OF ITS FUTURE
GENERATIONS?
THE CURRENT SPORADIC AND FRAGMENTED EFFORTS TO ADDRESS THE CONCERNS
OF YOUTH ARE OBVIOUSLY NOT WORKING.
HOPEFULLY, SOME UNIVERSITIES
WILL COMMIT THEMSELVES FULLY TO SUCH A MISSION.
CONTRIBUTION TO THE FUTURE COULD BE ENVISIONED.
NO GREATER
�36
VIII
IN WORLD OVERVIEW TODAY, THE FINANCIAL STRENGTH AND CAPACITY OF THE
UNITED STATES IS WEAKENING.
AS NEVER BEFORE, THERE ARE LIMITATIONS
ON BOTH PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SOURCES OF SUPPORT.
THOSE INSTITUTIONS
OF OUR SOCIETY WHICH ARE PERCEIVED AS ESSENTIALLY INWARD-LOOKING,
AND THEREFORE PRIMARILY SELF-SERVING, WILL BE INCREASINGLY
THREATENED.
RECENT PATTERNS IN PUBLIC FUNDING FOR PUBLIC
UNIVERSITIES NATIONALLY AND IN MANY STATES, MAY BE EARLY EVIDENCE OF
THE EROSION OF PUBLIC CONFIDENCE AND EXPECTATION.
TO DESERVE THE CONTINUING PUBLIC CONFIDENCE AND SUPPORT WHICH HAVE
BEEN ENJOYED IN THE PAST, OUR PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES MUST CONTINUALLY
DEMONSTRATE THEIR CAPACITY TO BE EVER MORE SOCIALLY USEFUL TO A
SOCIETY UNDER STRESS.
IN SO DOING THEY WILL SERVE THE PEOPLE WHO
SUSTAIN THEM AND WILL BE TRUE TO THE VISIONS OF THEIR FOUNDERS IN
SETTING HIGHER LEARNING WITHIN A PUBLI C CONTEX T.
1396KJ
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
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Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Identifier
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JCPA-01
Coverage
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1938-2012
Text
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Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1988-10-12_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Unfinished Business
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 12, 1988 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at Pennsylvania State University for the John W. Oswald Lecture in Higher Education.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Education
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1988-10-12
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/7fe313a7db7b0b6c28ca76e3cae73cd7.pdf
68fb604f9c7ee3c3da002cadbcfca5f2
PDF Text
Text
" FOmIDATI ON CULTI VATI ON, PRESENTATI ON, AND FOLLOW-UP"
Rema r ks by Dr . Rus s e ll G. Mawby
Pr e s i dent, W. K. Kel l ogg Found at i on
a t the
Boy Scout s of Ame r i ca 1979 Nat i onal Fi na nce Semi na r
St. Louis, Mis s ouri
Octob e r 12 , 1979
Th ank you v e ry mu c h , AI .
of y o u t h is mo r n i n g.
~ene e
OR
I am d e l igh t e d t o b e wi t h a l l
As Al no t e d , Sco u t i ng
my li f e a n d I am p le ased
~~~~
h 35
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pro g r a ms f o r y ou t h , i n c l u d i n g the Bo y Sc ou t s of Amer i c a,
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or d e r to h e ar Mr . Es t es ' c omme n t s o n th e fi. n a ncia l
the Boy Sc o u t s of
f~ e r i c a
f u t u re of
a nd b e cau s e I d id n o t wan t trave l
lo gistic s to int e r f er e wi t h my h e a r i n g Re p r e s e n t a t i v e Ca ll ab l e' s
c ommen ts thi s morn i n g o n ph i l an t h ro pi c l e gi sl at i on in t h e
'80 s .
Rep res en t at i v e Ca n a ble h as b e e n a c o n si st ent s upp o r te r
of privat e ini t i ativ e and p h i l an t h r o p y
j n
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B
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e
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i
t
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or
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r
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s
o
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r
,
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r
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cout
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i
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at you
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.
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ep
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a gene
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a
t
e foundat
i
on
s
~
you
r ow
n co
mm
un
ity
.
W
h
e
n the w
o
rd "foundation
" is m
e
ntio
n
e
d, t
h
e instan
t
r
e
a
c
t
i
on is t
ot
h
i
n
kb
i
g: F
or
d
, R
ock
e
f
e
l
l
e
r
,Jo
h
n
son,
M
el
l
o
n
,K
res
g
e, L
i
lly, p
e
r
haps even K
e
llogg.
T
hese a
r
e
h
i
g
h
l
y vi
s
i
b
le f
o
unda
ti
o
ns w
ith l
a
r
g
ea
s
s
e
t
s
,s
u
bs
t
ant
i
a
l
a
n
n
ua
l expen
d
i
t
u
res, pr
o
f
essi
o
na
l s
t
aff
s, and na
t
i
o
n
a
lor
in
terna
tiona
ls
p
her
e
so
fa
ct
i
v
i
ty
. Ye
ton
l
y 38 f
o
u
ndat
i
o
ns
ha
v
e as
s
et
sof $100 m
il l
i
o
no
rm
ore.
W
e ne
e
d to rem
ind
o
ur
s
e
l
ve
st
h
a
t 9
0p
ercen
to
ff
o
u
nda
t
i
o
ns -- o
rs
o
m
e 2
2
,
5
0
0 -~.~t..-.-~
h
a
v
ea
s
se
t
sof l
e
s
sthan $
1 m
illion.
•
~ .
~~l
-r ~ ~
e agg
rega
te cap
ita
l res
o
ur
c
e
so
f al
lfounda
t
i
o
n
si
s
a
b
o
u
t $27 b
i
l
l
i
o
n
. T
he
i
r inv
e
stmen
t por
t
f
o
l
i
o
sp
r
o
d
u
c
e
s
ome
t
h
i
ng sligh
tly over $2 b
i
l
l
i
o
ni
ni
n
c
o
m
e -t
h
eba
si
s
f
o
rg
r
ants m
ade by f
o
u
n
d
a
tio
n
s. The
s
efi
g
u
r
e
s still s
e
Em
la
r
g
e and im
p
r
e
s
s
i
v
eu
n
t
i
lt
h
e
ya
r
epu
ti
n
t
ope
r
s
p
e
c
t
i
v
e
,
�f
o
r examp
le in r
e
l
a
ti
o
nt
ofed
e
r
a
le
x
p
e
nd
iture
s.
To il
l
ustrate
t
h
i
spoint, t
h
et
o
t
a
lca
pita
la
s
sets o
ff
o
un
dati
o
ns
,o
r the
$27 b
i
l
l
i
o
n
,i
ss
l
ight
l
yle
s
st
h
an the amount spen
t by t
h
e
U
.S. D
epart m
en
to
fH
eal
t
h, Ed
ucation, and W
elfare in j
u
st a
0
Jc
.\C..F-"7 ~ : (J-c?W
"? ~ ~
s
i
x-m
o
n
t
h per
i
od
. B
u
t wh
il
epriv
at
ef
o
undat
i
on resource
s
a
r
er
e
l
a
t
i
v
e
l
ysm
al
l
,p
r
i
va
te g
r
an
t do
llars very o
f
te
n ar
e
c
r
i
t
i
c
a
la
n
dc
ata
l
y
t
ic in pro
vid
i
n
gf
o
rex
peri m
en
tation,
r
e
d
i
r
e
ct
i
on
,a
n
dc
h
ange bo
t
hi
ns
o
ciet
yand i
ni
t
s nonprofi
t
o
r
g
a
n
i
zatio
n
s
.
I
tm
ay be u
sefu
lt
o
i /a ~f n d at i n s ~
r
e
t brie
f
l
y on the n7
0f
a basi
sfo
ro
u
r exp
lo
r
a
t
ion of t
h
eir
r
o
l
ei
nre
l
a
t
i
o
ns
h
i
pt
oy
o
ur s
p
e
c
i
fic ~lnc il ~e e d s .
B
roa
dl
y
,
~------- -- --- - -
t
h
e
r
ear
efi
v
ec
l
assi
f
ic
a
t
io
n
s of p
r
i
v
a
t
ef
o
unda
t
i
o
n
s
. I am
s
u
r
ey
o
u ca
n id
e
n
t
i
f
y exam
p
l
e
so
fe
a
c
hI
ny
o
u
r own ex
per
i
enc
e
o
rg
e
og
r
a
p
h
i
c loca
l
i
t
y
.
1
. The fami
l
yfo
u
ndati
o
n
,t
h
ep
h
ila
n
t
h
ropi
cm
echan
ism
f
o
rc
h
ar
i
t
a
b
l
eg
i
v
i
n
gb
ya s
i
n
g
l
e fam
i
l
yo
rf
a
m
i
l
y gr
o
up
.
�Mo
s
t fam
il
yf
o
u
n
d
a
tion
s are re
lat
i
v
ely sm
al
l
,ha
v
e no p
r
ofe
ss
i
o
n
a
ls
t
a
f
f
,m
ay li m
i
t t
h
e
i
rg
r
an
ts t
oce
r
t
a
in area
so
f
i
n
te
r
es
to
r pu
r
p
ose
, and g
ene
r
a
ll
yar
el
i
m
ite
di
nthe
ir
a
phi
cscope of act
i
v
ity.
geogr
2
. The c
o
mm
un
ity foun
d
ation, am
e
chan
ismb
y wh
ich
v
a
r
i
c
u
sd
o
n
o
r
sc
a
ng
ive t
occ
r
nm
unity p
u
r
p
o
s
e
s
. Th
e CO
lT
lT
I
lUn
it
y
f
o
u
n
d
a
t
i
o
nh
a
si
t
s own b
o
a
r
do
f tr
st e e ~,
~
h
a
v
e re
s
p
o
n
s
i
-
b
i
l
ity f
o
radm
in
istrati
o
n of t
h
e funds p
ro
v
i
de
d to it b
y
g
i
f
to
r be
q
uest
. In i
t
sc
h
arter the ge
o
g
r
a
p
h
i
cscope o
ft
h
e
commun
i
ty f
o
u
n
d
at
i
on
'
si
n
te
r
e
s
t is p
r
es
c
r
i
b
e
d
.
3
. The com
pa
n
y-sponso
red f
o
u
n
d
at
i
on, t
h
e char
i
ta
b
l
e
anno
fa b
u
si
n
e
s
s co
r
po
rat
i
on.
The p
r
o
g
r
am a
r
ea
so
f in
t
e
r
e
s
t
m
ay b
ep
r
es
c
r
i
b
e
da
n
d ver
yo
f
t
e
ng
ran
ts a
r
em
ad
e t
oconuuuni
t
i
e
s
~~
i
nw
h
i
c
h t
h
ec
o
r
p
o
ra
t
i
o
nca
r
r
i
e
son i
t
sbus
i
ness a
c
t
i
v
i
t
i
e
s
.
4
. The spec
ial
pu
r
pose founda
t
i
o
n
,e
s
t
a
b
l
i
s
h
eG by
i
n
d
i
v
i
d
u
a
l
so
rg
r
oups, w
ith v
er
ys
p
e
c
i
f
i
cp
u
r
p
ose
si
nm
i
n
d
.
The
s
em
ay re
l
a
t
et
oresearc
hi
n
t
e
r
e
s
t
,p
r
o
g
r
am activ
ities,
o
rr
e
l
i
g
i
o
u
s purpos
e
s
.
)
�5
. The genera
l-purpose found
at
i
o
n
, w
h
ich h
a
s broad
purpo
ses, a
n
dw
ithp
r
i
o
r
i
t
i
es es
t
a
b
lis
h
ed by boards of
t
r
ustees on a co
n
tinuing basis i
nresp
o
n
s
e to s
o
c
ia
lc
h
ange
d
. The
s
ea
r
et
h
el
a
rge p
r
iv
a
t
ef
o
u
ndat
i
on
sm
any of
and nee
w
h
ich you w
il
lre
cogn
ize -- Fo
rd, R
ockef
e
ll
e
r, and K
e
llogg.
Th
ey t
e
nd t
ob
e at least nat
i
o
n
al in te
rm
s of g
e
og
raphic
s
c
o
p
e of i
n
te
r
est
.
:
g
r
a
nt
s
,wh
il
.
/
o
I
d
e
t
erm
ined by th
e
i
rgov
e
r
ning
(
.
.
-
I
--
priva
te fou
n
d
a
t
i
o
n
sm
ake
t
h
e
ir own
-.....-.... ~rn ~
r
~a
s
as
~
~~~~
~- -..-~~
h
ou
l
da
lso be not
e
dt
h
a
t funding fo
r indi
v
id
u
al
s
,
It s
f
o
rg
e
n
e
r
a
l operat
i
n
g budgets, and f
o
r sc
h
o
l
ars
h
i
p
s, f
e
l
low
s
h
i
p
s
,and loan
s is a
v
a
i
l
ab
le on
l
yf
r
o
mr e
l
a
t
i
v
e
l
y~e\l
f
o
u
n
d
a
t
i
o
n
s
,often w
ith
in spec
i
a
ll
i
m
i
t
a
t
i
o
ns
.
L
-
, 11
r~
Re
g
ar
d
l
ess o
ft
y
p
eo
r si
z
e
,f
o
un
d
a
t
i
o
n
st
o
d
ay r
e
c
e
i
v
e
t
\
.A
-~~
m
any t
h
o
u
s
a
nd
s of w
o
rthy reque
st
s
,w
h
ich t
h
e
ym
u
s
t d
e
c
l
i
n
e
e
i
t
h
e
rfo
rt
h
ere
a
s
on t
h
at t
h
e
r
ea
r
en
eV2
r enough f
u
n
d
st
o
go ar
o
u
n
d
,o
rb
e
c
a
use th
e re
q
u
e
s
t
sfa
ll c
l
e
a
r
l
yo
u
t
si
d
et
h
e
f
o
u
n
d
a
t
i
o
n
's fie
l
dof i
n
t
e
r
e
s
t
. O
t
he
rapp
licat
i
o
n
sa
r
e
�poo
r
l
yp
r
e
pa
r
ed o
rg
ive l
i
ttle e
v
i
d
ence of care
f
u
la
nal
y
sis
o
ft
h
eo
r
gan
i
za
t
i
o
n's needs, its cred
ib
i
l
i
ty
,o
r its capacity
t
operfo
rmthe t
a
s
ks f
o
r w
h
ich f
u
nds are be
i
ng requested.
Som
eti m
es the qua
lifica
t
i
ons o
rp
ro
jec
tstaff are no
t w
e
ll
t
a
b
l
ished o
rt
h
e budge
ta
n
d th
em
eans f
o
re
v
a
lua
ti
n
g
es
p
r
og
r
ess m
ay no
tb
ep
r
ese
n
t
ed con
vin
c
i
ng
l
y
.
JJ" tL
.
.
. ~\- '-\~ ~ t~
.
.
'
L
W
ith f
o
unda
t
ion s
t
a
f
f ti m
e lim
ited, a
nd t
h
ec
o
m
pe
tition
-
fo
rs
c
arce founda
t
i
o
n dollars g
r
ow
ing, a C
oun
ci
ls
h
o
u
ld
s
t
u
d
yt
h
o
ughtf
u
l
l
y its ow
n or
g
a
n
iza
t
ion an
d th
e charac
t
e
r
isti
c
s
o
f the fund
ing s
ourc
e bef
o
re app
l
.y
ing.
Th
eC
oun
cil s
h
ou
l
d
:
1
. Know t
h
ef
o
undat
i
on'
sa
r
ea of in
tere
s
ta
n
d ob
jec
ti
v
es
a
n
di
t
s capa
city t
og
iv
ea g
r
a
nt i
nthe amo
u
n
t ne
e
d
e
d,
2
. Suhmi
t
on
ly t
h
ose pro
po
sal
sw
h
ich fa
ll w
i
th
i
n the
f
o
u
n
d
c
t
i
o
n
'
sareas of i
n
t
erest and w
ith
in i
t
s m
eans,
«:
'
:
~~
.
'
~~~
e~
~.
3
.
Q
u
e
r
y th
ef
o
u
n
d
a
ti
o
n be
f
o
re p
r
e
par
i
n
ga
n
ds
u
bm
i
t
t
i
ng
pr
oposaL
s, and
:
:
:
'
f-
4
. I
fa gr
a
n
tis m
ad
e
, ma
k
e re
g
ular e
v
a
l
u
a
t
i
o
n and
o
gr
e
s
sr
e
po
rts w
pr
ith a s
u
f
f
ic
ie
ntl
yde
t
a
ile
de
.
o
u
n
t
i
n
g of foundati
o
nf
u
n
d
s.
acc
r=
n
I
L
-
.
.-v
.
,
.
.~ '
t-~-
7
endi t ~
e
c
d
J
l
. ~
.
J
.
.
-!
�~!
_
.-
~ ~.
~
:
es
..
.
.
~~
~ ~
r
.
:
~ ~\ l ~
~--- )~- :-.: ~.
~~.~ ~.~ ~ ~ .
-
ff
il
g
h
tb
e fo
llow
ed ~-nt
sever
a
le
o
r
r
e
s=.
~
p
o
n
A
s
ns
L
advi
e
e re
g
a
rd
ing the a
ctual fa
n
d
ing propo
s
a
ls.
n~, mo
s
t foundatio
n
s ar
eprob
lem
- an
d pe
o
p
le
-
orie
n
te
di
nt
h
e
ir
r
a
n
d are i
n
t
eres
t
e
di
nprop
o
sa
l
s
r an~ i n
~~
-"-~."\. ~ ~
j1
Tha
tis
w
h
i
c
h a
r
e si m
i
l
ar
l
yc
o
nce
r
ned
w
hat p
r
ofes
s
i
ona
l
p
h
i
l
ant
h
ro
p
hy i
sa
l
l abou
t. A
t t
h
es
a
m
e ti m
e, e
a
ch foundatio
f
l
i
sd
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
ti
ni
t
s approach t
ot
h
eg
r
a
n
t
m
ak
i
n
g pr
o
c
e
ss
.
Som
e pr e
f
e
ra p
o
t
e
n
tia
lg
r
a
n
t
ee t
oc
o
m
p
lete th
ef
o
undat
i
o
n
'
s
p
r
e
p
a
r
e
df
o
rm
; ot
h
ers reque
st a b
r
i
e
fle
t
t
er o
ut
l
i
n
i
n
g t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
sa
lh
igh
l
i
ghts fo
l
low
ed b
ym
ore el
a
bo
r
ate p
la
n
si
ft
h
e
f
o
u
n
da
t
i
o
n ex
p
r
es
s
e
s an in
ter
e
st i
npu
r
s
u
i
n
gar
e
q
ue
st.
O
t
h
e
r f
o
u
n
da
t
io
ns re
q
u
i
r
ethe to
t
al p
r
o
p
osa
l to be p
r
es
e
n
t
e
d
a
tt
h
et
im
eo
f th
ei
n
i
t
i
a
lrequest.
I
t
'
sa
s~fe
be
t
, as w
e
ll
.
,t
of
o
l
l
o
wfive g
e
n
e
r
a
lp
o
j
n
t
s
i
nw
r
i
t
i
ng a
l
lp
r
0
p
osa
l
s fo
rf
o
u
n
d
at
i
o
nf
u
n
di
n
g
: (
1
)k
.
c
ep
t
h
e
ritt~n
p
r
o
p
osa
l sho
rt and c
l
e
a
r
;(
2
)s
t
a
t
e at t
h
e
o
u
t
s
e
tw
ha
ti
sto be accom
p
lished, w
ho e
x
p
e
c
t
st
oa
c
c
o
m
p
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h
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t
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ch i
t
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ilI c
o
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n
d how l
o
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4
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r
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5
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(
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l
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l
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ar summ
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lved; a r
e
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e
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iate o
r
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c
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l le
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ip w
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r examp
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oun
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epared in ~ app
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f
n ~ a ti n
~~~~
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i
r
.
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tsuggestion wou
ld b
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y
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e Found
a
t
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,
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a
r
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o
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i
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n
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a
tes
; founda
t
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s w
h
ich h
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ve re
p
o
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f $1
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at
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i
n
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i
e
l
ds of in
teres
tof the
s
e fo
u
nda
t
i
o
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ir
l
o
cati
o
n by sta
te and ci
t
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,a
n
d abou
t t
h
ei
rtru
stees and
a
d
mi
n
ist
r
a
to
rs.
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na
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dition t
opub
li
s
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i
ng th
eD
ire
ctory, the Founda
tion
Ce
n
ter operates lib
r
a
ries in N
ew Yo
rk a
n
dW
ashi
n
g
ton wh
ich
are open w
i
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h
ou
t c
h
arge t
othe p
u
bl
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ca
n
d co
n
t
a
in vi
r
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lly
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ted p
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e
l
a
t
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s
.
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ixty c
ooperat
i
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l
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e
ct
i
o
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sin 44
sta
te
s are a
lso open t
othe p
u
b
lic:
' Aca
ll to t
h
e Founda
t
ion
C
en
t
e
rin N
ew Y
o
r
kw
ill gi
v
e you the loca
t
i
o
no
f th
e neare
st
reference c
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t
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o
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.
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i
t
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in
t
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t
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n
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t
h
a
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o
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lc
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y using t
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re
s
o
u
r
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f th
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ibra
r
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enter o
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l
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llogg Founda
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s ha
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i
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t
orica
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t
erest in s
u
c
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p
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jects that add
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th-se
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re ci
t
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e
a
so
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r m
et
r
o
p
o
l
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ta
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c
i
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i
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s i ~ Il
l
i
n
o
i
s, Ind
iana
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o
wa
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nd W
isconsin.
Y
o
u wO
l
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ld a
l
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o learn t
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at th
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llogg Founda
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c
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ad
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a
r
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a
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p
p
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l
p
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p
p
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n
g
p
r
o
g
r
am
so
ft
h
ea~ea noy S
e
o
u
e Counc
i
l
.
/
.3
�There w
ou
l
d be s
o
m
e "pe
r
son
al" b
a
dn
ew
s fo
ryou i
nt
h
i
s
ana
l
y
s
i
so
fK
el
l
o
gg Foundat
i
o
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u
ppo
rt, a
n
d mo
st l
i
k
e
l
y
s
i
m
ilar n
ew
s r
e
g
a
r
d
i
ng the o
ther m
a
jor na
t
ion
a
lo
ri
n
ternat
i
o
na
l
nda
t
ions. The bad new
s is that t
h
e large found
at
i
o
n
s
fou
usua
l
l
ydo no
t suppo
rt the ongoingo
p
e
r
a
tiona
l pha
ses of
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r
am
s
.
w
ith
in
~
e~f~
o
v
t ~ ow
n commun
it
i
es.
~
m
ake exc
e
p
tions fo
ro
r
g
a
n
i
zat
i
ons
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ever, t
h
e
ya
r
e m
uch m
ore
e
l
yt
os
u
p
por
tth
e Boy Scou
ts o
fAm
e
rica at t
h
ena
tiona
l
lik
e
l than t
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e m
o
r
e loca
lized in
itiatives of t
h
e ind
i
v
i
dua
l
lev
C
ounc
i
ls.
. They a
r
e in
teres
t
ed in inno\
a
tiona
n
d ch
a
nge, and
the dev
e
l
opm
en
to
f ideas a
nd p
r
ogr
a
m
s tha
t
n ~ t i nal
o
r i
n
t
erna
ti
o
n
a
l im
pa
c
tand use.
S
o
, my ce
n
t
ra
l m
ess
a
ge t
oyou t
h
i
smo
rning is th
at,
u
n
l
e
s
s you h
a
v
e a large gran
tm
ak
ing founda
t
ion hom
eb
ased i
n
you
rc
cw
n
un
ity, you focus you
r hom
ewo
r
k, your pow
e
r
so
f
de
d
uc
ti
o
na
n
d observation, o
nt
h
eo
t
h
e
rtypes o
f founda
t
i
ons
.
For uh
ile t
h
e fewb
i
gf
o
undations m
ay b
et
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e m
ost fam
ili
a
r
by nam
e
, and t
h
e m
o
s
t new
sw
o
rthy in vie
vo
f th
em
edi
a
,t
h
e
�"qu
i
e
t m
a
jo
rity" of th
e sm
all p
r
i
va
t
e'
foundat
i
on w
or
l
d ar
e
c
o
ns
c
ie
n
t
i
ously pu
rsui
n
g di
v
erse ac
t
iv
i
t
i
es w
ith
in your
i
n
d
i
v
idua
l co
mmun
ities
. A
nd thr
o
u
g
h the peo
p
l
eo
f you
r
co
r
ru
,mn
it
i
e
s-large a
n
d sma
ll
,i
ne
v
e
r
y stat
e-- and t
oth
e
p
r
'
i
v
a
t
ev
ol
u
n
t
a
ry o
rgani
z
at
i
ons and institu
tion
sw
hi
c
h serve
l
o
c
a
lne
e
ds
, th
e mod
est co
n
t
r
ib
u
t
i
o
ns of the
s
equ
i
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tfound
a
t
io
n
s
a
r
ev
it
a
l indeed.
e re
s
o
u
r
c
e
s of the Foundat
i
o
nC
en
ter, the
U
sing th
f
o
u
n
da
t
i
o
n D
irec
to
ry
,l
o
ca
lpub
lic l
i
b
ra
r
y
, the refe
rence
r
eomof the loca
l new
spap
er, and eve
nt
h
e Y
el
l
ow Pag
es of
--- r
t
h
ete
l
e
p
h
o
ne d ire c t
r ~
a::.~
can id~n t i f
such found
atio
n
s
i
ny
o
u
r comm
u
n
it
y-- the s
m
a
ll fam
i
l
yf
o
undat
i
o
n
, commun
it
y
f
o
u
n
d
a
t
i
o
n
,o
r com
pany-spons
o
r
e
df
o
u
n
d
a
t
i
o
nt
h
a
tw
ou
ld have
as
p
e
c
i
a
li
n
l
e
r
e
s
t
,inde
e
da s
p
e
c
ia
l st
a
ke, in t
h
ep
r
ogr
a
m
s
o
fy
o
u
r Coun
c
i
l
. F
ind ou
t w
ha
ta
r
et
h
e geog
r
a
ph
ic and
p
r
o
g
r
Gmmi
n
gi
n
t
erests o
ft
h
e
s
ef
o
u
n
d
a
tio
n
s
;w
ho are on the
i
r
b
0
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r
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r
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irecto
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t
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e spe
c
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a
l
r
e
q
u
i
r
e
m
e
n
t
s i
nt
e
rm
s of w
ritt
e
nre
q
ues
t
sf
o
rg
ra
nts.
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h
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i
s
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no
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a
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r
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o
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t ~
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There are
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N
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ommun
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you a
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omthe I
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P
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ox 187, Cor
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1979-10-12_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Foundation Cultivation, Presentation and Follow-Up
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 12, 1979 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Boy Scouts of America 1979 National Finance Seminar.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Youth
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1979-10-12
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/a3d797d91c51e425be2ce55dcb92b039.pdf
203d6aace4bdcd276a2f8f3dbca630e7
PDF Text
Text
"EVOLUTION OF THE LAND-GRANT SYSTEM"
Remarks by Russell G. Mawby
Cha irman and CEO
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Battle Creek , Michigan
Meet i ng of ~n e Deans a~d Direct0rs of
Land-Grant Colleges 0 f Agciculture, North Central Region
Ch i ca go , Illiaois
Oc t ob e r 11, 1985
I
I appreci a t e your thou ghtfu l ness in i nv iting me to participate
program.
It
~n
thi s
a privilege and rare opportunity to meet with the leadership of
~s
the colleges of agriculture and natural resources of the land-grant universities of our twelve Northcentral states -- the deans and the persons responsible
for activi ties
~n
Cer t ainl y this
t
research, t e a ch i n g , Extension, and international progr ams.
s the h e ar t l an d o f Ameri c'ari agriculture.
h ave provided leadership, not on l y
~n
These i nst i t u t i ons
thei r respective sta tes and region, but
na tionally and i nternationally i n the past.
It
~s
to them we look with antici-
pa tion and high e xpectation for th e futur e.
I compliment you on this program and t he un usual collection of speak er s
you have inc l uded.
I commend you also for meeting jointly, bringing to gether
your respective responsibilities in agriculture.
I sense this
~s
a new ex-
perience for many of you and I would encourage you to con tinue this pattern of
join t meetings, for one of the reali ties confronting and confound ing Ameri ca n
agriculture is the fragment a tion o f i nterests and activi ties.
Cer t a i n l y these are challenging time s in American agriculture.
Fa r mi n g
and agr i business have chan ged and wi l l change even more dramaticall y i n the
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om
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b
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;
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q
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and fam
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ef
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' and gi
.
r
L
sI c
l
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b
wo
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-H
)t
or
e
l
a
t
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o
rm
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d
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c
at
i
o
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of
a
rm1i
'
"
i
n
ga
n
da
s a tec
h
ni
.q
u
e to
inject i
n
n
ovat
i
o
n
s
.
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, t
h
eem
p
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a
s
i
s in c
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g
e
so
fa
g
r
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u
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t
u
r
ei
supon a
g
r
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u
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t
u
r
ep
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e
,
w
ith a h
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a
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r
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ntat
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tw
i
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h som
e emp
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p
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. C
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r
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f
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:
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r
ew
it
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in t
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rs
i
ty, a
n
dc
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a
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r m
ay no
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ti
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.
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lted i
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lati
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em t
o
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a
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g
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r1
s
s
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thom
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b
r
o
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d
.
�-5-
IV
Two years ago, I had the pleasure of giving the Seaman A. Knapp Memorial
Le cture at the Land-Grant Meetings in Washington.
wa s a man of unusual vision.
Undeniably, Seaman A. Knapp
A pragmatic dreamer, he was adept at developing a
c on ce pt of what the futur e might be, then analyzing the constr aints of problems, determining the research knowledge appropriate to thei r solution, and
mobilizing the resourc es necessary t o the task.
farsighted, clear.
His field of view was broad,
At the turn of th i s century and before, he provided a
v ision of which all o f us are the beneficiaries.
The conditions of l ife have changed in dramatic and remarkable ways
since t h e days of Seaman Knapp.
The challenge to those now in positions of
leadership responsibility is to provide visionary leadership comparable to his
in cl arity, breadth, and scope.
My concern is that too many of you may suffer
an impairment which might b e label ed "agricultural scotoma."
In medieval La t i n , the language of medicine, scotoma 1S defined as a
dimness of V1S1on.
In pondering the future, I wonder -- do we in agriculture
h ave e io.rgh breadth of v ision; do He s ee quite far enough; do we compreh end
broadly en ou gh what agriculture can and should be at the turn of t h e century
and beyond?
Agricultural scotoma, to the extent such a condition may exis t 1n
our intellectual processes, will prescribe a limiting V1S10n of t h e future.
sharing with you my conc erns in this regard, I have organized my thoughts
around seven poin ts.
First, agriculture should take the lead in revitalizing the land-grant
philosophy at you r inst i t ution, not just in rhetoric bu t in practice.
In
�-7I sense the un1que role envisioned for the univers i ty in the land-grant
concep t is in jeopardy.
The leadership of many of our land-grant institutions
- - boards of t r u s t e e s , presidents, provosts, vice presidents for research, V1ce
presiden t s for business -- simply do not understand the tradition and the
d ream.
To t h e e xtent it still exists, it is in your college.
You have the
responsibilit y for its re-invigoration there and beyond.
A.
There should be a systematic program of orientation for new
faculty in your college o f agriculture and for the total university.
Every new f aculty member should l e a r n about the land-grant trad ition and
become aware of the breadth of the university's programs in teaching,
resea r ch, and Extension -_. visit a county e xt e n s Lon office, visit the
main e x p e r i me n t station and a a regional substation, see
,mat
the uni-
versity is doing to address human concerns 1n rural communities, county
seats, and center ci ties.
B.
Undertake for your college a systematic program of development
for department chairmen, who play su ch a critical role an the life of
t h e institution.
My contacts with department chairmeJ 1n a gricLilture
wo u ld lead me to believe that many do not fully •m d e'r s t and or have a
deep commitment to the land-grant notion.
c.
Build an expectation an your college that every faculty mernbe r
wi l l have a responsibility to teach, create new knowledge, and relate
their disc ipline to the needs of people iJ your state.
They 3hould be
encouraged in every possible way to undertake interdisciplinary, interdepartmental, inter-college activities.
D.
Reinforce this expe ctation in the reward syste m.
Second, the stature of agriculture within the university must be elevated through conscience efforts by those in agriculture.
�8
-
T
h
em
o
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s
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nag
ricu
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re,
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:
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tern
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.
M
any ag
ric
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Ltu
r
aI
�-10s t u dent s drop out of college during the course of their undergraduate career,
or never begin a degree program of study before launching into the family farm
enter prise or otherwise moving into agribusiness.
Your college of agriculture
is probably the only college in your university which has faculty members
res ident in every county of the s t a t e .
Yet, typically, and in fact with only
one or two exceptions to my knowledge, colleges of agriculture have done nothing 1n the creation of external degree programs to enable practitioners to
compl ete the req u i r ements for bac ca l a ur ea t e or advanced degrees.
Si milar ly, colleges of agriculture seem reluctant to move forward wi th
the concept of experiential learning, in which academic credit is awarded for
demonstrated competence and performance.
With the t radition of "learning by
doing" and applica t i on of resear ch knowledge in practical situations, it seems
natural for agriculture to be a ca talyst, rather t han a spectator, 1n this
excit i ng new development in continuing edu cation.
Further , in agriculture there is lacking a systematic and comprehensive
approach to the continu ing professional education of agricultural pr o f e s s i on a l s .
\\There this has become institu tionalized in other professions, i t is spasmodic
and random in the field of agriculture.
Thus, while agriculture 1S in one sense the pioneer 1n lifelong lea rning and has been a pacesetter, it now seems to be lagging behind th e times as
e xciting new developments occur in continuing education.
Fifth, colleges of agric ulture should contribute more actively to the
pr oce s s es of agricul tur al policy development.
'I'he decis ion-making pr-oc e s s by wh i ch agricu1 tur a l policy is established
se0.flIS in disarray or v ir tua l.Ly uon ex is tan t in any rational s en s a ,
The Farn
Bloc, which was a power fu I reality for two decade" following World War I, has
been f'r agmen t e d by the dev e l.o pmen t »f commo d i t y and r eg i.on a l groups.
While
�1
1
f
J
r3
~ nd ed
yea
rs, fa
rm
e
r
shad t
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t
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nd
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t
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rm
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g
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licy, t
o
d
a
yt
h
o
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w
a
n
t to i
n
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l
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ed
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s
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t
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o
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f
a
rm s
e
c
t
o
r
so
ft
h
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c
o
nomy
.
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sa
p
p
a
r
e
n
tt
h
a
tt
h
es
c
o
p
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f trad
itiona
lf
a
r
mp
o
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c
yh
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se
x
p
a
n
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e
d.
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rns f
o
rn
a
ti
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a
ls
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c
u
r
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t
y
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ee
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r
o
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e
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o
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t
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n
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o
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ic a
n
dr
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i
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ld
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v
e
l
o
pm
en
tnow i
n
f
l
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e
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c
et
h
ed
ir
e
c
t
i
o
no
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e
r
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c
an
a
~ e
I
no
r
d
e
rt
h
a
ti
n
f
o
rm
e
dand p
r
u
d
e
n
t de ~
s
ns
can b
em
ad
e r
e
-
g
a
rd
i
n
gf
o
o
dp
r
o
d
u
ct
i
o
nand u
s
e
,a
l
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
v
ecourse
so
fa
c
t
i
o
nr
r
ru
st be
f
o
rm
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l
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,a
s
s
e
s
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e
d
, and commun
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ca
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df
o
rt
h
econ
si
derat
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is f
a
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e
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o
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c
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am
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a
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ith v
e
s
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n
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t
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n
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r
e
s
e
r
v
et
h
e
i
r
p
o
s
i
t
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s
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r mo
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a
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fcentu
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t t
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f Am
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e you
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. J
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en o
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, "P
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g
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t
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st
itu
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c
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by step t
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rodu
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e
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. fa
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s
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re w
as r
i
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h
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i
p
e
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t
ob
ea d
e
an o
r di
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t
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h
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, you
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lien
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le a
r
emor
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a
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eac
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r
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sn
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nf
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ta c
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ld s
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li
swh
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e
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l
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t
!
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ti
sa r
e
a
l
i
t
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h
a
tno
-one i
na
c
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en
t
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la
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r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
e 1S
rea
llyh
u
r
t
i
n
g int
h
es
e
n
s
et
h
a
tf
a
rm
e
r
s and a
g
r
i
b
u
s
i
n
e
s
sa
r
e
. D
i
ck And
er
s
o
n
,
i
nh
i
sv
e
r
y tho
rough and t
h
o
u
g
h
t
f
u
lp
r
e
s
e
n
t
at
i
o
nl
a
s
te
v
e
n
i
n
gobse
rved, "A
t
t
h
eAnde
rson
si
nM
aum
e
e
, w
e h
av
eb
e
en th
rought
h
em
i
l
l t
h
e
s
el
a
s
t
n
o
n
t
h
s
.
W
e've r
e
d
u
c
e
d
, re
struc
tu
r
e
d
, rea
llo
cated
, red
irec
ted
,r
e
c
y
c
l
e
d
. And b
o
y
,a
r
e
w
e f
o
c
u
s
e
d
:
"
I~
380
c
RGM
: 19
e
t
h
a
tyou
,i
nr
e
g
a
r
d
s toyou
rc
o
l
l
e
g
e
,c
an s
ayt
h
a
t1n 1990
.
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
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JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1985-10-11_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Evolution of the Land Grant System
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 11, 1985 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Meeting of the Deans and Directors of Land-Grant Colleges of Agriculture.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Agriculture
Education
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1985-10-11
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4ffc17c05c368136d544b1e2ea4b0862.pdf
e39de0d0eab7b7df70430a9a53d1689f
PDF Text
Text
RGM' s Present a tion at"Joini ng F o rc~
Strengthening the Ci r c l e of caring~
Communiti es fo r Children" (al so called
Ch ild Care Conference) Octobe r 10, 1994
RUSSELL G MA WB¥ SlJ~tre'lf
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G r a ~d Pl a z a Ho t el, Gra nd
Ra p i. d a , MI
MAKERS' CONFERENCE ON-eIHLD~ARE
NING FORCES: STRENGTHENING THE CIRCLE OF
CARING COMMUNITIES FOR CIDLDREN"
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WELCOME
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ON BEHALF OFJHE GRANTMAKERS WHO--ARE COSPONSORI G
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HEALTH CARE, PROTECTION FROM ABUSE,
NUTRITIONAL ASSISTANCE, EARLY CIDLDHOOD
EDUCATION, AND CIDLD CARE. UNFORTUNATELY,
THESE PROGRAMS HAVE ALMOST UNIVERSALLY BEEN
BASED ON THE "DEFICIT" APPROACH, THAT IS, AN
APPROACH WHERE POVERTY AND PATHOLOGY
LARGELY DETERMINE WIDCH FAMILIES RECEIVE
ASSISTANCE. THESE OLD WAYS OF PROVIDING
SERVICES AND SUPPORTS .MUST BE REASSESSED, AND
BROAD, INTEGRATED APPROACHES MUST BE FOUND TO
ENSURE THAT EVERY FAMILY WITH YOUNG CIDLDREN
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CARE, AND OTHER FAMILY SUPPORTS. A MAJOR
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THEY NEED TO GROW AND FLOURISH.
IDGH QUALITY CIDLD CARE REQUIRES MORE THAN
LOVE. WE KNOW THAT A 10 YEAR OLD TAKING CARE
OF IDS 2 YEAR OLD SISTER - LOVES IDS SISTER - BUT HE
IS NOT TRAINED TO, HELP HER LEARN TO INTERPRET
HER SURROUNDING WORLD, PROVIDE HER THE SAFETY
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PREDICTABILITY, THEREFORE, THE TRAINING OF
PROVIDERS IS A CRUCIAL COMPONENT FOR PROVIDING
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HOWEVER, EVEN WHEN THERE IS AN ADEQUATE
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RECOGNIZE THAT PEOPLE GIVING OF THEIR TIME
AND GUIDANCE AS WELL AS FINANCIAL RESOURCES
TO SUPPORT INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO ADDRESS
CHILD CARE ISSUES IS THE DEFINITION OF LOCAL
PHILANTHROPY.
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CREDIBILITY AND VISIBILITY TO CHALLENGE
CURRENT PUBLIC POLICY AND FORM NEW ONES THAT
WILL SEEK UNTRIED WAYS TO
10/06/94
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(L.DV''t:)
E LOCAL CHILD
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DEVELOPMENT AS WELL AS BASIC SKILLS.
• EARLY CIDLDHOOD ADVOCATES WHO RECOGNIZE
THAT TO MEET THE CIDLD CARE NEEDS OF ALL THE
CIDLDREN IN THEIR COMMUNITY, THEY MUST
SUPPORT IT FROM A VARIETY OF PERSPECTIVES,
SUCH AS TRAIING, QUAltITY, SAFETY, AND PARENTS
NEEDS.
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cnn,n CARE WORKERS --
BUT THOSE CIVIC AND BUSINESS LEADERS WHO LEND
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TAKE A CLOSE LOOK AT YOUR COMMUNITY -- WE
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�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
JCPA-01_1994-10-10_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, Joining Forces: Strengthening the Circle of Caring Communities for Children
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 10, 1994 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the Child Care Conference.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Youth
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1994-10-10
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
-
https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/2798d887364e2ab9db36f7bdd9af3132.pdf
0e1cf31537bbaae1b6b16fb68e00d35f
PDF Text
Text
)
~
- L
Notes from RGM's Presentation on "The Role of
Philanthropy in Serving Communities," the First
~
Rt a t J on.. i~ t pe Distinguished Lecture
S ies in N profit Or n i za t i
de r s h i p
Wayne State University (McGregor Conference
Center), Detroit, MI - October 1, 1992
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�We can gain a better understanding of the third sector by looking more
closely at the kinds of organizations that comprise it.
The sector is
made up of six basic types of organizations:
1.
Educational organizations -- private elementary and secondary
schools, colleges, and universities.
Also vocational schools,
libraries and research institutes ___
2.
Health services -- non-profit hospitals, nursing homes,
out-patient care facilities, and visiting nurse organizations.
3.
Human services -- the YMCA, YWCA, Big Brothers/Big Sisters,
Meals on Wheels, among thousands of others.
4.
The arts and cultural organizations -- museums, symphonies,
repertory
companies, public TV and radio stations, among many
others.
5.
Religion -- organized churches of every denomination.
6.
Civic, social and fraternal organizations -- neighborhood
organizations, fraternities and sororities, unions and service
clubs.
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z
a
t
i
o
n
sa
r
es
u
b
s
i
d
i
z
e
dt
h
r
o
u
g
hs
p
e
c
i
a
lp
o
s
t
a
lr
a
t
e
sand
ex
emp
t
ion f
rom t
a
x
a
t
i
o
n
. I
ts
h
o
u
l
db
em
en
t
ion
ed t
h
a
tn
o
ta
l
lt
h
i
r
d
s
e
c
t
o
ro
r
g
a
n
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
sr
e
c
e
i
v
ed
i
r
e
c
to
u
t
l
a
y
s and r
e
imbu
r
s
em
en
t
sf
rom
gov
e
rnm
en
t
a
lo
r
g
a
n
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
s
;b
u
ti
nt
h
ea
g
g
r
e
g
a
t
e
,o
n
e
f
i
f
t
ho
ft
h
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
to
f su
cho
r
g
a
n
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
s com
ef
romgov
e
rnm
en
t
a
ls
o
u
r
c
e
s
.
�"
5
The great majority of support for third sector organizations, however,
comes from p i1anthropy and volunteerism.
According to the
publication Giving. USA, more than $93 billion was donated to such
organizations in 1987.
Many people imagine that corporations and
large foundations give the lion's share of this support, but just the
opposite is true.
In 1987, 88 percent of the giving in this nation
was by individuals.
But there is an even larger source of support for third sector
organizations than philanthropy.
of support for the sector.
Vo1unteerism is the largest source
According to the INDEPENDENT SECTOR, a
recent Gallup Poll revealed that 80 million adults volunteered in
1987, giving a total of 19.5 billion hours, representing an estimated
value of $150 billion.
Together then, philanthropy and volunteerism
contributed nearly $250 billion to third sector organizations in 1987.
The statistics I have just cited are impressive, but they can
sometimes obscure the true meaning of such a complex idea as the third
sector.
lives.
Speaking in human terms, the sector touches all of our
It is possible to be born in a non-profit hospital, attend
private schools, graduate from a private university, spend a career
working for social service organizations, relax by visiting museums,
die in a non-profit nursing home, and have a memori al s e rvice in a
church.
�6
In fact, it is impossible for us not to be involved with the sector.
We are involved as users and donors, as professionals and as
volunteers.
It is an essential part of everyone's life.
The sector
can, in a sense, be all things to all people because of its incredible
diversity.
Its organizations form a mind-boggling variety.
its constituent entities are polar opposites:
Some of
the National Rifle
Association and Hand Gun Control, Inc.; Right to Life and Planned
Parenthood .
Their diversity helps to protect our country's pluralism,
and our liberty.
I
The sector is the home for many of the causes in which we believe.
Its organizations feed the hungry, provide shelter for the homeless,
care for the ill, and fight for basic human rights.
some of our most cherished freedoms:
They safeguard
religion, speech, and assembly.
Moreover, America's third sector is the envy of the world.
In no
other nation is private, voluntary action for the public good
practiced to such an extent.
In fact, some nations, such as Japan and
Italy, are deliberately attempting to stimulate the formation of a
third sector in their countries.
Individuals are the life blood of America's third sector.
~
Seventy-two
of its support comes directly from individuals through
philanthropy and volunteerism.
Without these gifts of money, talent,
and time, the sector would not be able to function.
�- 4Fo
rum f
o
ry
o
u
r
t
h
i
n
g
sh
a
p
p
e
n
,
y
o
u
r
e
x
c
i
t
e
df
o
rt
h
e
f
u
t
u
r
e
.
I
I
S
h
a
r
i
n
g t
h
o
s
et
h
o
u
g
h
t
sl
e
a
d
su
s n
a
t
u
r
a
l
l
y t
ot
h
e
t
o
d
a
y
:
~~
~~ t ~ ~~
"P
h
i
i
a
n
t
h
r
o
p
y
,s Rol
ef
t
o
p
i
cf
o
r
e
.
..:::L-.
.
.
~~ e~~~~~~
Common G
o
o
d
.
"
i~
d
I
n
t
h
i
n
k
i
n
ga
b
o
u
tw
h
a
t i
sh
a
p
p
e
n
i
n
gi
nc
o
n
t
em
p
o
r
a
r
ys
o
c
i
e
t
ya
si
t
r
e
l
a
t
e
st
o
t
h
ef
u
t
u
r
eo
f t
h
e common g
o
o
d
, Iw
a
s t
em
p
t
e
dt
ob
e
g
i
nw
i
t
h a l
i
s
to
f
-
c
o
n
c
e
r
n
s n
o
t u
n
l
i
k
e t
h
e a
g
e
n
d
a o
f t
o
p
i
c
sb
e
i
n
g a
d
d
r
e
s
s
e
d a
t t
h
i
s
r=
c
o
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
. I
db
ep
re
s
um
p
tuou
s a
n
di
n
a
p
p
r
opr
i
a
t
ef
o
rm
e t
o
p
r
o
p
o
s
e a rong
g
o
o
d
.
You are k
n
ow
l
e
d
gea
b
l
ea
b
o
u
tt
h
eco
nc
e
r
n
s
p
a
r
t
i
c
u
l
a
r
l
yi
ny
o
u
r hom
ec
o
n
n
n
u
n
i
t
i
e
s
.
R
a
t
h
e
r
, I h
a
v
e c
h
o
s
e
n
, i
nb
r
o
a
d o
v
e
r
v
i
ew
, t
os
h
a
r
ev
e
r
y b
r
i
e
f
l
ys
i
x
o
b
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n
s a
b
o
u
t t
h
i
n
g
s g
o
i
n
g on i
no
u
r s
o
c
i
e
t
y
, f
o
r w
h
i
c
h
im
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
sf
o
rp
h
i
l
a
n
t
h
r
o
p
y a
r
e r
a
t
h
e
ra
p
p
a
r
e
n
t
.
t
h
e
I hop
e you w
i
l
l
f
o
r
g
i
v
emy f
r
e
q
u
e
n
tr
e
f
e
r
e
n
c
et
oM
i
c
h
i
g
a
n and B
a
t
t
l
eC
r
e
e
ka
n
da
c
t
i
v
i
t
i
e
s
o
f t
h
eW
. K
. K
e
l
l
o
g
g F
o
u
n
d
a
t
i
o
n-t
h
e
s
ea
r
et
h
ee
x
am
p
l
e
s I know b
e
s
t
.
You w
i
l
ls
e
ey
o
u
r commun
i
ty a
n
dy
o
u
r
s
e
l
fi
nt
h
ei
l
l
u
s
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
sI s
u
g
g
e
s
t
.
O
b
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n 1c
o
n
c
e
r
n
st
h
es
e
em
i
n
gi
n
a
b
i
l
i
t
yo
fo
u
rp
o
l
i
t
i
c
a
lp
r
o
c
e
s
s
e
s
i
l
lLdi
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
st
od
e
a
lw
i
t
hs
i
g
n
i
f
i
c
a
n
ti
s
s
u
e
si
ns
u
b
s
t
a
n
t
i
a
lw
a
y
s
.
�- 5 This
is most vivid at
the national
level where Congress
is
struggling
ineffectively with such concerns as fiscal and financial responsibility,
trade imbalance,
farm programs,
the arts, energy policy,
and
foreign affairs,
child care,
support of
environmental quality
In Lansing, our state politicians are equally ineffective on matters of
school finance,
other
our state budget, Workmen's Compensation, and a host of
concerns.
I
suspect
you
may
feel
the
same
about
doings
in
Columbus.
At
the local level,
you can make your own analysis of effectiveness
in
dealing with human services, environmental concerns, and all the rest.
Technology
has
changed
the
nature
of
politics
and
politicians
dramatically.
New techniques of sophisticated, instantaneous polling and
the
of
influence
seems
mass
media
treatment
to have forced elected officials
of
every
to become less
society and more the followers of herd instinct.
lead only when consensus has been reached,
parade
is
going and
then
rush
to
its
issue
and
personality
the "leaders" of
There is a tendency to
to wait to see which way the
head.
Other
changes which
have
influenced the political process to society's disadvantage have been the
proliferation of the number and the dramatic increase in skill of special
interest groups of every variety and the concept of entitlement whi ch ha s
~~~~~~~~~
handcuffed political response to changing needs.
Today,
there
are
few
in
elected
office
who
could
be
described
statesmen with vision, commitment, and a concern for the whole.
as
Patterns
of political power also have changed dramatically, with greater diffusion
and less loyalty to party and purpose.
�- 6Th
e n
e
te
f
f
e
c
to
fa
l
lo
ft
h
e
s
ec
h
a
n
g
e
sh
a
sb
e
e
nt
h
el
e
s
s
e
n
e
da
b
i
l
i
t
yo
f
g
o
v
e
r
nm
e
n
ta
ta
l
ll
e
v
e
l
st
ob
ea s
o
u
r
c
ea
n
dc
a
t
a
l
y
s
tf
o
rs
o
c
i
a
lc
h
a
n
g
e
.
T
h
i
s
,
n e
n
h
a
n
c
e
d p
o
t
e
n
t
i
a
l r
o
l
e o
f
t
h
e
n
, s
u
g
g
e
s
t
s a
i
n
i
t
i
a
t
i
v
e
st
od
em
o
n
s
t
r
a
t
en
ew a
n
sw
e
r
st
os
o
c
i
e
t
a
ln
e
e
d
s
, t
oi
n
i
t
i
a
t
i
v
e
v
e
n
t
u
r
e
s
,t
op
r
o
v
i
d
et
h
ev
i
s
i
o
na
n
dc
om
p
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
ea
p
p
r
o
a
c
hw
h
i
c
h p
o
l
i
t
i
c
s
f
a
i
l
st
op
r
o
v
i
d
e
.
O
b
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n
2 c
o
n
c
e
r
n
s t
h
e s
e
em
i
n
g r
e
t
u
r
n (
s
h
i
f
t b
a
c
k
) t
o l
o
c
a
l
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
i
b
i
l
i
t
ya
n
dc
o
n
t
r
o
li
na
d
d
r
e
s
s
i
n
gs
o
c
i
e
t
a
l
~
F
o
ra s
p
a
no
fa
b
o
u
ts
i
xd
e
c
a
d
e
s -- f
rom t
h
e"
p
r
o
g
r
e
s
s
i
v
ee
r
a
"a
tt
h
et
u
r
n
o
f t
h
ec
e
n
t
u
r
yt
ot
h
el
a
t
e1
9
6
0
s
,a
n
dp
a
r
t
i
c
u
l
a
r
l
yb
e
g
i
n
n
i
n
gw
i
t
h "N
ew
D
e
a
l
" i
nt
h
ed
e
c
a
d
eo
ft
h
e'
3
0
s-t
h
ef
e
d
e
r
a
lg
o
v
e
r
nm
e
n
t t
o
o
ka
ne
v
e
r
i
n
c
r
e
a
s
i
n
gp
a
r
ti
nm
e
e
t
i
n
g t
h
en
e
e
d
s-o
ft
h
eAm
e
r
i
c
a
n p
e
o
p
l
e
. S
i
n
c
e t
h
e
e
a
r
l
y 1
9
7
0
s
, t
h
a
tt
r
e
n
dh
a
s f
i
r
s
ts
l
ow
e
d
, t
h
e
n s
e
em
ed t
o r
e
v
e
r
s
e
.
I
n
c
r
e
a
s
i
n
g
l
y
,s
t
a
t
e
sa
n
d l
o
c
a
l
i
t
i
e
sa
r
eb
e
i
n
g c
a
l
l
e
d upon t
od
e
l
i
v
e
r
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
sa
n
dp
r
o
v
i
d
eb
e
n
e
f
i
t
st
op
e
o
p
l
ea
tt
h
ecommun
i
ty l
e
v
e
l
.
T
h
i
s f
a
c
tp
o
s
e
s p
r
o
b
l
em
s f
o
ra
l
ls
t
a
t
e
sa
n
d l
o
c
a
l
i
t
i
e
s
. T
h
i
s p
u
t
s
p
r
e
s
s
u
r
e on t
h
et
a
xs
y
s
t
em
, e
s
p
e
c
i
a
l
l
y
, t
or
a
i
s
er
e
v
e
n
u
e
s t
oc
o
v
e
r
i
n
c
r
e
a
s
e
ds
t
a
t
ea
n
dl
o
c
a
le
x
p
e
n
d
i
t
u
r
e
s
.
A d
e
s
i
r
a
.b.
.
l
.
.e
.c
o
n
s
e
q
u
e
n
c
ei
st
h
a
tmo
r
e p
r
o
b
l
em
s a
r
eb
e
i
n
gi
d
e
n
t
i
f
i
ed a
n
d
d
e
a
l
tw
i
t
h c
l
o
s
e
rt
o hom
e
, a
n
d
, a
sw
e a
ll k
now s
ow
e
l
l
, t
h
e answ
ers
u
s
u
a
l
l
y l
i
en
o
t i
nd
o
l
l
a
r
sa
l
o
n
eb
u
t i
nt
h
ei
n
c
r
e
a
s
e
d comm
i
tm
en
t a
n
d
i
n
v
o
l
v
em
e
n
to
fp
e
o
p
l
ew
h
o c
a
r
e
. A
g
a
i
n
, o
p
p
o
r
t
u
n
i
t
i
e
sf
o
rp
r
i
v
a
t
es
e
c
t
o
r
i
n
i
t
i
a
t
i
v
e
sa
r
e o
b
v
i
o
u
s
:
t
h
e
r
ei
sa d
e
s
p
e
r
a
t
e n
e
e
d t
ob
e
com
e mo
r
e
�- 7 efficient and more effective in using limited resources and in mobilizing
local leadership.
Observation
3
collaborations.
concerns
"t he
increasing
rhetoric
about
public/private
We hear it from the President, members of congress, our
governors, and many of us.
Such collaboration of
private philanthropy with public
institutions and
programs is going on in all of our communities, to the advantage of all.
The best observations tend to be at the community level -- in education,
child
care
and
living for
child
abuse
the elderly,
prevention,
substance
abuse,
intergenerational initiatives,
independent
the cul tural and
performing arts, and a host of other examples.
A concern that I would share with you is that, unless we are careful in
such collaborative efforts,
they will, in a sense, be "one-way."
Public
officials are anxious to mobilize and direct private resources to "their
chosen objectives."
philanthropy
available
relates
in
for
to
the
They are not always anxious to be helpful to private
addressing
such
philanthropic
treatment
of
deliberations still underway.
chari table
contributions,
taken are usually eros ive,
concerns
purposes.
charitable
as
The
increasing
current
the
evidence
contributions
in
While rhetoric on behalf o f
and volunteerism is
invasive,
resources
the
this
budget
ph ilant hro py,
usually effus i ve,
res tric tive,
of
ac t i ons
and disc ouraging.
In
our various legislative skirmishes at the national level since 196 9, we
usually count success in terms of limited losses rather than real gains.
�- 8 I
think our continuing approach should be to be cooperative with public
institutions and organizations, but to be cautious and not be coerced.
Observation 4 concerns
the dichotomy between the nature of
the problems
whi ch concern us and the solutions we devise.
The problems of concern to society tend to be complex, multidisciplinary,
overarching,
penetrating,
and permeating.
Each of us
can make our own
list -- inflation, K-12 and higher education, home care for the elderly,
groundwater, environmental quality, job generation, peace.
To the contrary, the solutions
tend
to
be
narrow,
most often devised to address such issues
discipline-
or
profession-oriented
and
biased,
simplistic, and inadequate to the task.
A major contribution of philanthropy in addressing societal needs can be
to
encourage
and
demonstrate
programs
which
are
comprehensive,
collaborative, and provide continuity .
Observation
5
concerns
the
persistent
reluctance
to
face
facts
and
to
deal with reality.
This is a somewhat human charac teris tic -- a res is tan ce t o c han ge , when
we are comfortable with that which we know .
Sometimes,
their
even when the evidence is overwhelming, both individuals and
institutions
are
reluctant
to
respond.
It
is a
mos t areas of human concern, we know be t ter than we do."
truism
that
"in
Think only of
�- 9 the areas which may be of special interest to you:
substance abuse, K-12
education, and health care.
For example, if we think of child development in the early years, we know
that age five is too late for societal concern and intervention, yet most
youngs ters
and mos t
communi ties
pre-school
programs
of
elementary
years
are
high
most
lack
comprehensive
quality.
important
The
and
early childhood and
evidence
that
is
drop-out
clear
that
the
can
really
be
predicted by grades six or seven.
Yet,
we
persist
starving
the
teacher will
in
accrediting
elementary
our
years
tell you that it
schools
whenever
takes
at
the
resources
the first
high school
are
level,
limited.
three months
Every
of
the new
school year to catch up to where students were when school ended in the
spring,
the
yet we persist in having a
summer
months
a
three-month break in learning during
school-year
model
es tablished
by
an
agrarian
Pennsylvania
recently
society nearly two centuries ago.
In
the
matter
commented,
of
penal
reform,
the
Governor
of
"It costs $24,000 a year to keep a person in the state pen,
but only $8,000 a year at Penn State."
We as a society, through our instituti ons and organizati ons, must p u t
bett er
use
ca talys t.
that
which
is
already
known.
Philanthro py
can
be
a
to
key-
�- 10O
b
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n
6 conc
e
r
n
s t
h
e p
e
r
s
i
s
t
e
n
c
e o
f "
t
u
r
f
i
sm
" i
n a
d
d
r
e
s
s
i
n
g
s
o
c
i
e
t
a
ln
e
e
d
s
.
U
s
u
a
l
l
y
p
r
o
g
r
am
s o
f hum
an s
e
r
v
i
c
e a
r
e b
a
d
l
y f
r
a
gm
e
n
t
e
d and l
a
c
k
c
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
t
y
.
I
n B
a
t
t
l
e C
r
e
e
k
,
f
o
r e
x
am
p
l
e
, w
e
h
a
v
e 67
i
d
e
n
t
i
f
i
e
d
v
o
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u
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t
a
r
y
,n
o
n
p
r
o
f
i
tg
r
o
u
p
sd
i
r
e
c
t
e
dt
ot
h
en
e
e
d
so
fy
o
u
t
h
. P
l
u
r
a
l
i
sm i
s
g
o
o
d
; c
om
p
e
t
i
t
i
o
n c
a
n a
l
s
o b
e h
e
a
l
t
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y
, b
u
t i
n
f
i
g
h
t
i
n
g
, a
d
v
e
r
s
a
r
i
a
l
s
t
a
n
c
e
s
,a
n
dc
om
b
a
t
i
v
eb
e
h
a
v
i
o
ra
r
en
o
t
!
Th
e c
l
e
a
r
e
s
te
x
am
p
l
ei
no
u
r hom
e town w
a
s i
nh
e
a
lt
hc
a
r
e
, wh
e
r
e w
e h
ad
two h
o
s
p
i
t
a
l
s
, v
i
r
t
u
a
l
l
y a
c
r
o
s
s t
h
e s
t
r
e
e
t f
rom e
a
c
h o
t
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e
r
, e
a
c
h
s
u
f
f
e
r
i
n
gf
rom l
e
s
st
h
a
n50 p
e
r
c
e
n
to
c
c
u
p
a
n
c
y
.
I
na
d
d
i
t
i
o
n
,w
e h
av
et
h
e
u
s
u
a
lh
o
s
to
fo
t
h
e
rh
e
a
l
t
hc
a
r
eo
r
g
a
n
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
s-V
i
s
i
t
i
n
gN
u
r
s
e S
e
r
v
i
c
e
,
D
e
p
a
r
tm
e
n
t o
f P
u
b
l
i
c H
e
a
l
t
h
, Am
e
r
i
c
an R
ed C
r
o
s
s
, H
o
s
p
i
c
e
, M
e
a
l
s
on
W
h
e
e
l
s
, v
o
l
u
n
t
a
r
yam
b
u
l
a
n
c
es
e
r
v
i
c
e
s
,a
n
dm
any m
o
r
e
.
U
n
h
a
p
p
i
l
y
, w
h
i
l
e e
a
c
hi
scompo
s
ed o
f i
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
t
,a
b
l
e
,d
e
d
i
c
a
t
e
d
, a
n
d
w
e
l
l
i
n
t
e
n
t
i
o
n
e
d i
n
d
i
v
i
d
u
a
l
s
,e
a
c
ha
l
s
ot
e
n
d
st
oa
d
d
r
e
s
si
s
s
u
e
sf
rom t
h
e
p
e
r
s
p
e
c
t
i
v
eo
ft
h
e
i
ro
r
g
a
n
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
a
lo
ri
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
a
l~
ti
E
a
ch i
s
c
o
n
c
e
r
n
e
dw
i
t
h t
h
e
i
rown n
i
c
h
e
,t
o
oo
f
t
e
nn
o
ts
e
n
s
i
t
i
v
et
ot
h
ea
c
t
i
v
i
t
i
e
s
o
f o
t
h
e
r
s a
n
dw
i
t
h i
n
s
u
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
ta
t
t
e
n
t
i
o
nt
ot
h
ec
om
p
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
eh
e
a
l
t
h
n
e
e
d
s o
f t
h
ep
e
o
p
l
e o
f t
h
e commun
i
ty
.
I
n B
a
t
t
l
e C
r
e
e
k w
e f
i
n
a
l
l
y
s
u
c
c
e
e
d
e
di
ng
e
t
t
i
n
g t
h
e two h
o
s
p
i
t
a
l
s t
om
e
r
g
e
.
Now w
e a
r
e i
nt
h
e
p
r
o
c
e
s
so
fg
e
t
t
i
n
gt
h
e
A
g
a
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n
, a
a
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l
u
e
n
c
ei
nb
r
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g
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n
ga
b
o
u
t
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
sw
h
i
c
ha
r
ec
om
p
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
e
,c
o
l
l
a
b
o
r
a
t
i
v
e
, and c
o
n
t
i
n
u
o
u
s
.
�- 11 -
III
In conclusion,
common good?
us here,
what will be
philanthropy s
I
role
for
the
future
of
the
The hard reality -- or the exciting fact -- is that all of
individually and collectively, will make that determination by
our decisions and actions.
We may be passive and reactive -- or we may
be creative and participatory.
While
we
are
continually
addressing shortcomings,
perspective.
concerned
we need
to
with
keep
dealing
these
with
problems
troublesome
concerns
and
in
For example, we read a lot about the problems of teenagers
today, but most teenagers do well
they are no t on drugs,
they do no t
get pregnant, and they do not drop out.
At
the same time,
It
is
to
such
there are
issues
that
pressing concerns which must be addressed.
much of
our
thought
and
resources
mus t
be
directed.
We
tlr ;.
in
f>hHarrt:hropy
foundations,
or
private
whether
in
foundations
circumstances and opportunities.
corporate
-- mus t
be
grantmaking,
responsive
community
to
changing
Most of the significant new directions
imperative to our societal future will not be charted by government.
fac t
I
many
elected off i cials
are
almos t
desperate
for
bet t e r
In
an s wers .
proposed solutions to perplexing issues.
We
in philanthropy can continue
creative
level.
collaborative
our
approaches
to
tradition of
human
innovation,
concerns
at
the
nurturing
community
�- 12 -
We can provide
leadership
to enhanc e
the
resources of philanthropy and
ensure their most effective use.
Ohio has a great tradition of social concern.
those
who
have
preceded
us
have
been
We in philanthropy -- and
important
partners
in
this
us
all!
progress.
There
is
Godspeed!
595c:lpt
unfinished
business
demanding
the
best
efforts
of
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Charities
Family foundations--Michigan
Philanthropy and society
Description
An account of the resource
The Russell Mawby papers document the life and work of Michigan-born Russell Mawby from 1928 to the present. Mawby was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for twenty-five years and is recognized for his work in the area of philanthropy in the United States, Latin America, and Europe.
The digital collection includes a selection of field notes, speeches, itineraries, and other materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell G.
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby Papers (JCPA-01). Johnson Center for Philanthropy Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Rights
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<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Identifier
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JCPA-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1938-2012
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Source
<a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/432">Russell Mawby papers, JCPA-01</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
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JCPA-01_1992-10-01_RMawby_SPE
Title
A name given to the resource
Russell Mawby speech, The Role of Philanthropy in Serving Communities
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mawby, Russell
Description
An account of the resource
Speech given October 1, 1992 for the W. K. Kellogg Foundation at the first presentation in the Distinguished Lecture Series in Nonprofit Organization Leadership.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Grand Valley State University Special Collections & University Archives
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401
Subject
The topic of the resource
Philanthropy and society
Family foundations--Michigan
W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Charities
Speeches, addresses, etc.
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>
Date
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1992-10-01
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
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Text