441 24 26018 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/7b93c8610dade654b749b847dbf1a72a.m4v 92ace895f96e03b02c561cda6b37349f https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/75156d96c45b61e7434f05690f2a6764.pdf eb43b65c1b46636d79e230e0201c2228 PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans’ History Project Duane Harvey World War II 1 hour 36 minutes 44 seconds (00:00:11) Early Life -Born in Smelter City, Oklahoma in 1924 -Father worked at the Eagle Pitcher Zinc Smelter -Worked part time during the Great Depression -Also worked odd jobs to supplement his income -Area did not get greatly affected by the Dust Bowl -Had “dusty days” but not the massive dust storms like western Oklahoma -Stayed in the same town growing up -Had two brothers and one sister, he was the youngest -Finished high school in 1943 (00:03:53) Start of the War and Getting Drafted -Heard about Pearl Harbor via the radio and by word of mouth -Aware of the war in Europe prior to the bombing of Pearl Harbor -Local newspaper would cover the conflict -Didn’t expect the United States to get involved -A lot of the men in town enlisted after Pearl Harbor was bombed -National Guard members were mobilized -Didn’t consider enlisting -Felt he was too young and wanted to complete high school first -Draft was instated in 1942 [1941, but he was only old enough to be eligible in 1942] -Draft boards had quotas to fill which meant all men became eligible for drafting -Meant that when you turned eighteen you had to report to your local draft board -Granted deferments for thirty or sixty days before you were classified -Classified as 1A (fit for service) or 4F (unfit) for example -Still had to complete high school before you began basic training though (00:08:50) Basic Training -Started basic training in July 1943 -Got inducted at Fort Sill, Oklahoma -Took tests to determine which part of the Army you would serve in -Got sent to Aberdeen Proving Grounds, Maryland for ordnance -Had a specialized replacement training center there for new draftees -Got issued his fatigues at Fort Sill before going to Aberdeen Proving Grounds -At Aberdeen got assigned to a barracks and his training unit -Basic training lasted eight weeks -Typical morning consisted of physical training, drills, and introduction to Army protocol -In the afternoon they were given firearms training which led to rifle qualification -Discipline was very strict in basic training -For infractions you had to do pushups or were given extra kitchen patrol duty -For him it was easy to adjust to living in the Army �-Had grown up with simple meals and few, to no luxuries -Had more clothes as a soldier than as a civilian -Didn’t have trouble with following orders -Grew up obeying teachers and parents and felt that the Army was no different -Recruits and draftees came from all over the United States -Trained with men from New York City, Chicago, and California -Got introduced to Poles, Italians, and Jewish men -Lived with these men so you bonded with them and ignored the differences (00:18:40) Ordnance and Other Training at Aberdeen Proving Grounds -After basic training began training to specialize in small arms, field artillery, and vehicles -Got assigned to a new group of trainees at Aberdeen Proving Ground -Ordinance training lasted about eight to twelve weeks -During this time got sent to Fort Meade, Maryland as part of a special training group -Showed promise of being a leader so he was put through Noncommissioned Officer School -Learned how to lead and how to teach other soldiers -Specifically requested not to be assigned to be a drill sergeant though -Final part of training was an urban combat course (00:22:05) Deployment to England -After training got sent to a staging area in Pennsylvania -From Pennsylvania got sent to New York City to board a troop ship in May 1944 -Wound up arriving in England just before D-Day -Had been granted a two week leave home prior to being deployed -Sailed over to England aboard the S.S. Argentina -Traveled with a convoy of other ships -Weather wasn’t bad and doesn’t recall getting seasick -At night no one was allowed on deck, and during the day the deck was extremely crowded -Led to not having much to do in the way of occupying time (00:26:21) Arrival in England -Ship stopped at Glasgow, Scotland -Did not disembark there and instead boarded a ferry bound for Liverpool, England -From Liverpool got sent to Birmingham -By now D-Day was well underway -In England he was assigned to Litchfield Barracks as part of an antiaircraft unit -Part of the 10th Replacement Depot -Started to receive word about how many troops had been lost in Normandy -Noncombatant soldiers were being reassigned to be riflemen -Others were offered the chance to join the 501st Regiment of the 101st Airborne Division -He volunteered because it would let him stay in England longer (00:31:06) Paratrooper Training -After volunteering to join the 501st he was sent to a “jump” (parachuting) school in England -Led by the well-known (from Band of Brothers) Captain Sobel -He never had any problems with him though -Carried out mock jumps on the ground -Repetitive drills that involved pretending to jump out of a C47 plane -Physical training was intense -Command wanted to wash out the volunteers that weren’t suited to be paratroopers �-Learned how to pack their parachutes a few days before a live jump -During the second week of training he did his first live jump -Did five jumps at varying altitudes and qualified to be a paratrooper in one day (00:38:12) Deployment to France -By now the 101st Airborne and 82nd Airborne were in Holland as part of Operation: Market Garden -Because it was a British operation American replacements weren’t being sent to Holland -He got sent to Mourmelon, France to join B Company of the 501st Regiment for a couple weeks -Wound up getting assigned to an S2 Squad in Headquarters Company -Job was to man the observation posts and to deal with prisoners of war -Upon arriving in France got advised to wear warm clothes for where he was being transferred (00:44:02) The Battle of Bastogne -Joined an S2 Squad with 327th Glider Infantry Regiment in Bastogne, Belgium in December -When he arrived there snow was already on the ground -Within a couple days he was selected to be part of a team to establish a roadblock -Set it up on the east side of Bastogne -First day there didn’t have any contact with the Germans -The next day they were shelled and lost a few soldiers -He spent most of his time on the back side of Bastogne -Didn’t get attacked by the Germans as bad as the front position did -Knew that Bastogne was surrounded by Germans -Word that they were surrounded traveled quickly -Knew that the possibility of being surrounded came with being a paratrooper -Had to dig into frozen ground to create their foxholes -The best way to survive was to dig a foxhole and hunker down in it -Unit was poorly supplied during the German siege of Bastogne -Stayed with the 327th Regiment for about a week before being rotated out (00:50:35) Alsace-Lorraine Pt. 1 -After Bastogne he rejoined his original S2 Squad -For three days he would man an observation post then get rotated back to headquarters -In their observation post had a field telephone, but no radio -Had to rely on calling a radio operator to make a longer range call -Remembers operating in an observation post in Alsace-Lorraine when he encountered Germans -Observed a German mortar crew that was nearby, but of no real threat -Sergeant ordered him to shoot them -Refused on strategic and ethical grounds: saw no reason to shoot them -Sergeant ordered another soldier to fire and that soldier did -Alerted the Germans to their position -Germans began to mortar their post and they were forced to move as a result (00:55:40) Detail about Bastogne -While in Bastogne he got the chance to stay in a nearby castle a few times -Helped provide security for the officers that were being kept there -Secure position and optimum for protection of high ranking soldiers -While there he found an officer’s down sleeping bag unattended in a hallway -Managed to grab it while no one was looking -Kept him warm throughout the winter in Europe �-Still has the sleeping bag to this day (00:58:05) Returning to France Pt. 1 -In March 1945 he was able to return to Mourmelon, France -Given a chance to shave and shower -Also given a haircut -Essentially given a small psychological reprieve from living in the field for months -Despite what his unit went through morale was always good (01:00:42) Alsace-Lorraine Pt. 2 -In Alsace-Lorraine during the Battle of the Bulge the objective was to maintain the frontline -Didn’t want to make any grandiose advances against the Germans -Just wanted to make sure that the Germans didn’t break through their line (01:03:50) German Prisoners of War -While his division would press an attack the S2 Squads would follow behind to collect POWs -His job was to guard them and transport them for later holding and interrogation -Saw most of the prisoners as just Germans, not as young or old, just as Germans -Most of the Germans were complacent with becoming prisoners of war -Knew they’d be treated well and were ready to stop fighting -Occasionally German prisoners would be shot if they weren’t worth transporting -Made no distinction between rank or affiliation with infamous units like the Waffen-SS (01:08:10) Returning to France Pt. 2 -After being sent to Mourmelon, France in March 1945 the 501st was kept there -Idea was to help keep the Soviet advance in check -Also began to pull German POWs away from the frontline to the rear -Concerned about the prospect of the Russians massacring German POWs (01:11:44) Interactions with Civilian Populaces -Had more interactions with the English civilians than with most European civilians -Language barrier in mainland Europe made communication more difficult -Initially found the French to be welcoming, but soon noticed they were opportunistic -The price of goods being sold by French merchants was being driven up -Had disdain for that behavior -Passes were handed out for visiting Paris and visiting the French countryside -Most men opted to stay on their bases though -Had no reason to go into cities or villages because food was too scarce (01:14:00) Occupation Duty in Germany Pt. 1 -At the end of the war he was sent to join the 101st Airborne in Berchtesgaden, Germany -Objective was to help carry out occupation duties and maintain an American presence -Helped to keep the Soviets from advancing out of their prescribed zones -Personnel in the 501st were being rotated to the 101st’s frontline positions -Men like Duane were being used to relieve the men who had been in longer -He was assigned to the 81st Airborne Antiaircraft Glider Battalion -After the end of the war in Europe the 101st Airborne was slated for the invasion of Japan -After the atomic bombs were dropped and Japan surrendered the 101st was deactivated (01:17:20) Coming Home -After the 101st was deactivated he was reassigned to the 82nd Airborne Division -Completed his service with them and returned home with them -Sailed from Southampton, England to New York City �-Marched in a 5th Avenue Victory Parade in New York City with the 82nd Airborne -Still considered himself to be a “Screaming Eagle” of the 101st Airborne though -When he got home it was January 1946 (01:18:00) Occupation Duty in Germany Pt. 2 -While still in Europe he remembers at the end of the war staying in “cigarette camps” -Military camps that had been named after cigarette brands -After the war ended he was assigned to be part of the force carrying out occupation duties -Still viewed the Germans with suspicion and disdain -Fraternization with the Germans was not allowed at least at first (01:19:30) The Death of Don Fair -Remembers one soldier by the name of Don Fair that he knew from high school -Got killed during a German artillery attack near Bastogne -Often wonders about what Don Fair could have been and done in life? -What could he have contributed to the Army and to the larger war effort? (01:21:26) The Death of Gulick -Near the end of the war he was attached to A Company for a raid across an ice covered river AT 01:22:00 to 01:22:20 SOUND CUTS OUT -Got placed in charge of six replacements -Basically told to keep them out of the way -Once the raiding party crossed the river he instructed the replacements on what to do -Follow his lead, don’t get in the way and follow the guy in front of you -Five of the replacements wound up missing -During the raid captured three German soldiers -Missing replacements returned with one soldier severely wounded -On the way back to base that soldier died -Last soldier killed in the last action of the war his unit saw -Later in life met a sergeant who happened to know who the wounded soldier’s name was Gulick -Learned that Gulick had survived D-Day and Operation Market Garden -Struck by how this soldier had survived so much only to be killed in the last action -Wondered what this man’s life could have been like had he survived (01:27:10) Reflections on Russian Contribution -Astounded by how much the Russians lost in fighting the Germans -Believes that had it not been for their sacrifice D-Day would have failed -Feels that mainstream culture needs to recognize what the Russians did for the war effort (01:30:04) End of Service and Life after the War -Went to Camp Chaffee, Arkansas and was discharged from there -Even in January 1946 when he was discharged men were still being drafted -Struck by how young the draftees that he saw looked -Felt that the war had forced him to grow up -Went to college after the war -During that time got married and had children -Knows that without the GI Bill he would not have gotten to go to college -Got married to a woman who became a doctor -He studied geology and went on to do various work -His wife was the “bread winner” of their household -Uncommon at the time, but he didn’t mind it �(01:34:50) Reflections on Service -Life as a civilian during the Great Depression wasn’t much different than being in the Army -In some ways being in the Army was an improvement -Serving with people from different backgrounds made him able to be more tolerant -Showed him that it was better just to get along and work together on a goal � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HarveyD1597V Title A name given to the resource Harvey, Duane (Interview outline and video), 2014 Description An account of the resource Duane Harvey was born in Smelter City, Oklahoma in 1924. He grew up there and finished high school there in 1943. He was drafted in 1942, but allowed to complete high school and was inducted into the U.S. Army at Fort Sill, Oklahoma in July 1943. He was sent to Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland for basic training and for ordnance training. In the spring of 1944 he was sent over to England and arrived just prior to the D-Day Invasion. He was stationed at the Litchfield Barracks part of the 10th Replacement Depot until he volunteered to join the 501st Regiment of the 101st Airborne Division and become a paratrooper. After completing paratrooper and “jump” (parachuting) training in England he was sent over to Mourmelon, France where he was first assigned to B Company and later joined an S2 Squad in Headquarters Company dealing primarily with observation posts and processing German prisoners of war. He saw action at Bastogne and in Alsace-Lorraine during the Battle of the Bulge and after the war ended was part of the American occupying force in Germany, and returned home in January 1946. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Harvey, Duane Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Veterans Video recordings Michigan--History, Military World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American United States. Army Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="http://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2014-06-05 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0c6c68bf966f66bd6564852e9cd27771.m4v 048dc23ae45bdd326442c09c08134847 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/f7f8b4aa0155cb538be790e4471d7f7f.pdf e5b9e3c8b3a6c45703a037ecc976b4a6 PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans’ History Project Edgar Harrell World War II 2 hours 16 minutes 1 second (00:00:32) Early Life -Born in western Kentucky in 1924 -Parents were farmers -Had an older sister, six younger brothers, and one younger sister -During the Great Depression everyone they knew was poor -$1 for a day’s work was considered good pay -Taught him valuable life lessons -Being on a farm allowed them to be self-sufficient -Had vegetables, an orchard, and some livestock -Mother canned a lot of fruits and vegetables -Had a battery-powered radio since the farm didn’t have electricity -Allowed them to keep up with news after the war began (00:05:30) Start of the War -Aware of Japan’s invasion of China in 1937 and the start of the war in Europe in 1939 -On December 7, 1941, he was at church when he heard the news about Pearl Harbor -Remembers President Roosevelt’s “Day of Infamy” speech on December 8 -Followed the news about the fighting in Europe, the Atlantic Ocean, and the South Pacific (00:07:05) Enlisting in the Marines -Didn’t want to wait to get drafted -Enlisted in the Marine Corps in 1943 -Two of his younger brothers served in the Army during the war -One fought at Okinawa then was part of the occupying force in Japan -Another brother served in Germany as part of the occupation force (00:08:30) Training -Sent to San Diego for basic training -Sent to Sea School -Learning how to serve as a Marine aboard a ship (00:08:55) Joining the USS Indianapolis -Sent to join the USS Indianapolis in San Francisco -Note: Most likely after the Aleutian Islands Campaign or after the Battle of Tarawa -Joined the USS Indianapolis as part of the Marine garrison -Couldn’t believe the size of the Indianapolis -Thought it was big enough to win the war on its own (00:09:53) Battles in the Pacific Theater Pt. 1 -Saw mop up operations at the islands of Kwajalein and Eniwetok (c. January and February 1944) -Saw the invasion of Saipan, Tinian and Guam (c. June and July 1944) -Participated in the Battle of the Philippine Sea (c. June 1944) -Saw the invasion of Peleliu (c. fall of 1944) -Saw the invasion of Iwo Jima (c. February 1945) -Saw the bombardment of Okinawa (c. March 1945) (00:10:22) Secret Mission Pt. 1 -He helped guard the atomic bomb components on board the USS Indianapolis �-Picked up the atomic bomb components on July 16, 1945, at Hunters Point, California -Delivered their secret cargo to Tinian on July 26 -Didn’t know what the components were or about the Manhattan Project -On July 16, scientists at Los Alamos conducted the successful Trinity atom bomb test (00:11:28) Battles in the Pacific Theater Pt. 2 -He didn’t land with the other Marines at Iwo Jima -Stayed on board the ship during the bombardment -Indianapolis was closer to the island than the landing craft -At Saipan and Iwo Jima the Japanese had mountain bunkers with blast doors -Hid artillery batteries behind the blast doors (00:13:12) End of War in Europe -Remembers hearing the news about Germany’s surrender on May 8, 1945 -Happy to hear about it -Remembers “Tokyo Rose” trying to feed them misinformation -Note: “Tokyo Rose” was an English-speaking propagandist for Japan (00:14:38) Battles in the Pacific Theater Pt. 3 -At the Battle of the Philippine Sea they fought the last of the Japanese fleet -USS Indianapolis was part of Task Force 58 -The Japanese lost 550 – 650 aircraft in that one battle as opposed to 123 American aircraft shot down (00:16:00) “Tokyo Rose” - “Tokyo Rose” was an English-speaking propaganda organ of the Empire of Japan -Demoralize and misinform American soldiers -She and her “facts” became a running joke as the war dragged on -Her information became obviously wrong once it became apparent the US was winning (00:17:03) Admiral Raymond A. Spruance -Admiral Spruance used the USS Indianapolis as his flagship -Used it until a kamikaze damaged the ship near Okinawa on March 31, 1945 -Only encounter with Admiral Spruance was saluting him -Remembers seeing Admiral Spruance walking on the deck and talking with his aides -Knew that he was an instrumental leader at the Battle of Midway (00:18:20) USS Indianapolis at Start of War -USS Indianapolis had been stationed at Pearl Harbor just before the attack -On December 5, 1941, the ship received orders to go to the Johnston Atoll -Got resupplied -On December 7, the ship received word that Japan had bombed Pearl Harbor -Before the war, the Indianapolis had served as the “Ship of State” for President Roosevelt -Returned to Pearl Harbor to survey damage and regroup (00:21:00) Death of President Roosevelt & Presidency of Harry Truman -On April 12, 1945, President Roosevelt died -Sad time -Felt they were in good hands with President Truman -Right man at the right time -President Roosevelt’s death felt like a personal loss (00:22:00) Battle of Okinawa -USS Indianapolis served at the Battle of Okinawa for the bombardment of the island -Arrived on station in mid-March 1945 -Remembers seeing the carriers behind the bombardment ships -The Indianapolis was close to shore to bombard Okinawa -Told they were too close to shore and move back �-He was on watch on March 31, 1945 when radar detected an incoming Japanese aircraft -Ordered onto an antiaircraft battery -He got onto a 40mm antiaircraft battery and never got a round off -Another Marine on a 20mm battery opened fire on the Japanese plane -The kamikaze hit the ship on the port side -One of its bombs passed through the hull, through ship, and exploded in the bottom -Killed nine men -He helped push the kamikaze debris overboard -Engineers made a temporary patch to allow the Indianapolis to get back to California for repairs (00:26:36) Secret Mission Pt. 2 -Made it back to California and went to the Mare Island Navy Yard for repairs -On July 16, they went to Hunters Point Naval Shipyard -A huge crate was loaded onto the Indianapolis with high ranking officers observing -He was corporal of the guard and told to set a watch for the crate -No one was allowed to loiter around the crate -Two Air Force officers came aboard with a metal container in a locked cage -He followed them and set a watch by the room where they placed the container -Learned that these “officers” were actually nuclear scientists -Passed under the Golden Gate Bridge after they received word of the successful Trinity test -Note: Trinity test: First successful atomic bomb detonation at Los Alamos, New Mexico -Delivered the atomic bomb components at Tinian on July 26, 1945 -Had orders to proceed to the Philippines to assemble for the invasion of Japan -Stopped at Guam to refuel and resupply -Denied escort despite the sinking of the USS Underhill in the area on July 24 -Navy knew that Japanese submarines were operating in the area -Denied underwater detection equipment (00:31:30) Sinking of the USS Indianapolis Pt. 1 -On July 30, 1945, at 12:14 a.m. the Japanese submarine I-58 launched torpedoes at the Indianapolis -Two of the torpedoes struck the Indianapolis -He was asleep on the deck at the time -Ship had slowed down to give the engines a break -Captain McVay decided it was dark enough, thus safe enough, to stop zig-zagging -The first torpedo destroyed the bow of the ship -The previous night he had slept on a place that was vaporized by the explosion -The second torpedo hit near the Marines compartment -Set off the #2 Turret ammunition magazine -Felt the ship moving forward and water rushing into the ship -Realized the ship was sinking -Felt secondary explosions below deck -Made his way to the quarter deck to report to his emergency station -En route he saw officers come up from below decks covered in flash burns -Before he got to his emergency station he realized he didn’t have a life jacket -His lieutenant was at the emergency station -Edgar told him the ship was sinking and they needed life jackets -Lieutenant refused to cut down life jackets until given order to abandon ship -Ship lost power which meant they lost in-ship communications -Water started coming onto the quarter deck, so he cut down life jackets -Men started shouting to abandon ship -He ran over to the port side because the ship was listing �-Saw the blackness of the night and sea -Did a lot praying and pleading with God to get home -Climbed over the railing, jumped overboard, and swam away from the ship -Saw the fantail rise, the propellers still turning, and men jumping overboard -Some jumped and hit the propellers on the way down -Saw more secondary explosions and heard a rush of air escaping the ship (00:44:43) Survival – First Couple Days -He found another sailor -A lot of men were injured and some lacked life jackets -Found two other Marines -One was a new Marine that had suffered multiple bone fractures during the sinking -He lingered for an hour and died -The other Marine was a friend from his squad -He was covered in engine oil -By the second day he could hardly see due to the oil and the saltwater -He wanted to commit suicide, but Edgar stopped him -On the second day he started seeing men drinking saltwater -As a result these men hallucinated and went crazy -They thought friends were Japanese soldiers and attacked them, or thought friends had water -His lips were swollen and cracked irritated by the oil and saltwater -Men swam away and got attacked by sharks -Couldn’t go to help them -Found men missing the lower half of their body, or a leg, or had been disemboweled -Gathered dog tags from the dead -Remembers a rain cloud passing over them -He cupped his hands to collect rainwater, but it mixed with engine oil -After drinking the oil and rainwater he vomited losing the water -Daytime temperatures reached 100o -By the third day, countless men had died from drowning or shark attacks -Life jackets lost their buoyancy -This meant you had to exert energy just to stay afloat (00:53:20) Survival – Joining a Group -He and his Marine friend joined a group of 17 men on the third day -Another group of survivors joined them with a raft and fresh life jackets -Learned to wring out the jackets and let them dry in the raft to regain buoyancy -Saw planes fly overheard at 30,000 feet -Too high to see the survivors -Thought they were closer to the Philippines than they really were -Wanted to try to paddle to the Philippines, 500 miles away -Found a crate floating in the water -Swam to it and discovered it was rotten potatoes -Washed away the rotten skin and found the core was still good -He filled his pockets with potatoes and brought them back to his group -Heard more voices and found another group of survivors with a lieutenant he recognized -The swells died down -Got separated from his raft and his Marine friend -He was with the lieutenant and another sailor -Sailor eventually died -Started believing the lieutenant was his Uncle Edwin �(01:03:10) Rescue -On August 2, he saw the plane piloted by Lieutenant Gwinn and Lieutenant Colwell -Edgar started shouting and splashing the water -Lt. Gwinn had gone into the bomb bay to retrieve a faulty radio antenna -Saw men and debris in the water, and someone using a signal mirror -Lt. Gwinn brought his PV-1 Ventura down to about 1,000 feet -Surveyed the debris field and the survivors in the water -Tilted his wings to let them know he saw them -Lt. Gwinn radioed Lt. Marks, a PBY Catalina seaplane pilot, of the situation -Lt. Marks radioed the USS Cecil J. Doyle about the situation -Despite contrary orders, Lt. Marks landed his seaplane and started picking up survivors -Ultimately, the seaplane never flew again -Lt. Marks picked up Edgar and the lieutenant -A couple dozen men had already been packed inside the aircraft -Edgar’s Marine friend had already been picked up -All toll, Lt. Marks recovered 56 survivors -USS Cecil J. Doyle arrived on the scene and took the PBY crew and the survivors aboard -Other destroyers and destroyer escorts came to the scene and recovered the remaining survivors -Out of a crew of 1,196 only 317 men survived -USS Cecil J. Doyle sailed to Peleliu so the men could be treated at the field hospital there (01:10:24) Commander Hashimoto -Commander Hashimoto confirmed that the Indianapolis sank in only 12 minutes and other details -Commander Hashimoto refused to shoot survivors in the water -Left the area because he mistook the Indianapolis’s engine noise as another ship -Met Commander Hashimoto (commander of the I-58) after the war and saw he was a good man -Commander Hashimoto came to the court-martial of Captain McVay to defend the captain -He has since come to reunions as a way of making peace -He lost his entire family due to the atomic bombing of Hiroshima -His granddaughter and great-grandchildren come to reunions -He has met them, they have forgiven each other, and he sees them as family (01:16:45) Recovery & End of War -After being rescued by the Cecil J. Doyle he was taken to Peleliu for initial recovery -Taken to Guam by the hospital ship, USS Tranquility -At the hospital at Guam he remembers men wrapped in Vaseline gauze to recover from burns -On August 6 he remembers being in a cot and being told about the destruction of Hiroshima -Admiral Spruance presented him with a Purple Heart -Stayed in Guam for a while -Got to the United States on October 2, 1945 -On October 4 he was admitted to Balboa Hospital with a ruptured appendix -Received 29 days of antibacterial treatment with a new drug, penicillin -Felt honored that the Indianapolis had helped end the war (01:23:35) General Douglas MacArthur -Heard more criticism of General MacArthur after the war than during it -He didn’t feel that he had a right to criticize a general being an enlisted man -Plus, General MacArthur was an Army general, not a Marine general (01:25:03) Navy’s Response to Sinking -Navy didn’t send his family a telegram until August 12 letting them know he was alive -Navy didn’t want the public to know about the Indianapolis until the war was near its end �(01:27:06) Life after the War Pt. 1 -Came home in poor physical and psychological shape -Felt he should wait to get married until he was in better health -His girlfriend waited for him -On July 25, 1947, he and his girlfriend got married -As of July 2016 they celebrated 69 years of marriage -Thankful that he got to live his life after the war and the sinking (01:30:12) Captain Charles B. McVay III -He knew that Captain McVay had two sons and a grandson -Knew that Captain McVay wasn’t an emotional man, but he respected his subordinates -Remembers Captain McVay fishing with enlisted men -Respected him for doing that -Saddened to hear that Captain McVay was being tried for losing the USS Indianapolis -Wrote a letter to Captain McVay to say he would go to Washington DC to defend him during trial -In 1960 the survivors held their first organized reunion -Edgar invited Captain McVay and he came -All of the attending survivors greeted Captain McVay at the Indianapolis airport -Captain McVay remembered Edgar and shook hands with him -Captain McVay was the only captain to be put on trial for losing a ship in wartime -The Navy needed a scapegoat for losing the USS Indianapolis -Naval personnel had ignored distress signals from the Indianapolis -Admiral King had made extremely bad decisions concerning the Indianapolis -Commander Hashimoto came to the trial to testify in favor of Captain McVay -Said that Captain McVay couldn’t have done anything to avoid the sinking -In 1968, Captain McVay committed suicide -Years of guilt and hate mail from grieving families took its toll on him -Hunter Scott, a 12 year old student, began working to exonerate Captain McVay -In October 2000 Congress exonerated Captain McVay for loss of the USS Indianapolis -In July 2001 the Navy purged Captain McVay’s record of all wrongdoing -Captain McVay had earned a Bronze Star for his actions at Okinawa -Navy denied him the commendation due to the court-martial (01:43:18) Sharks -Saw sharks 6 – 10 feet away from him taking down bodies -Saw shark fins only a matter of feet away from him -When the sharks dove down he felt them brush against his legs and feet -Heard men scream as the sharks attacked them (01:44:45) September 11th Attacks -The September 11th attacks felt like a repeat of the attack on Pearl Harbor and the beginning of WWII -Felt that the government lacked appropriate foresight and allowed dangerous persons into the country (01:46:03) Reflections on the USS Indianapolis -He can still relive the events of the sinking and surviving after the sinking -He can still see these things in his mind’s eye -Feels that not enough people know about the sinking of the USS Indianapolis -Considers it an honor that he can still tell his story and the story of the ship (01:48:20) Public Awareness of the USS Indianapolis -Feels that the Navy tried to cover up or ignore the sinking of the USS Indianapolis -The Navy’s reaction to the sinking made the Navy look bad -Too many high-ranking personnel made too many serious mistakes -Trying to avoid a PR nightmare due to the miscarriage of justice with Captain McVay �(01:50:16) Life after the War Pt. 2 -Had two children, one daughter and one son -Had eight grandchildren and eight great-grandchildren -Son worked as a pastor -He was involved with his church as a teacher and as a lay-minister -Served as a trustee at the Moody Bible Institute for 15 years (01:52:29) African-American Sailors -Had some African-American sailors aboard the USS Indianapolis -None of them survived the sinking -They served as assistants to the officers, cleaners, and cooks -Their compartment flooded first when the ship began to sink -He was friends with one black sailor, Clarence Sims -Believes these men died as a result of segregation -Had separate, and most likely poorer quarters (01:55:35) Captain Edward L. Parke -Captain Edward L. Parke was the commanding officer of the Marines on the USS Indianapolis -Remembers that he was relatively new on the ship, and tough -He respected Captain Parke -Captain Parke directly ordered Edgar to set a watch for the atomic bomb components -Knew that Captain Parke had fought at islands early in the war -After the sinking, Captain Parke tended to wounded men and surrendered his life jacket to men -Continued to lead and care for men until he died -There is a swimming facility at Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego named in his honor (01:59:15) Captain McVay’s Exoneration -Never heard one survivor say that Captain McVay deserved to be tried for losing the ship -None of them felt he was responsible for losing the ship or the sailors dying (02:00:49) Remembering the USS Indianapolis -Has been to the national memorial for the USS Indianapolis in Indianapolis -Emotional event when it was first unveiled in 1995 -Has been to the memorial on other occasions -On Veterans’ Day people have come up to him and asked him about the sinking -People from the Smithsonian Institute and from Ireland have wanted to interview him -He invited them to come to reunions so they can get more stories than his -National Geographic and Dr. Robert Ballard are still looking for the wreck of the Indianapolis -Plans to send unmanned submarines to look for the wreck -There are also plans to place a memorial on the wreck site if the wreck is found -Expedition planned for spring or summer 2017 -If they find the wreck it will provide closure for him, and probably for other survivors -Aware of Sara Vladic’s documentary, USS Indianapolis: The Legacy -He is also aware of USS Indianapolis: Men of Courage starring Nicholas Cage coming in fall 2016 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HarrellE1946V Title A name given to the resource Harrell, Edgar (Interview outline and video), 2016 Description An account of the resource Edgar Harrell was born in western Kentucky in 1924. In 1943 he enlisted in the Marine Corps, received basic training in San Diego and was selected for Sea School to serve as a marine aboard a ship. Upon completion of training he was assigned to the USS Indianapolis. Edgar saw combat aboard the Indianapolis at major battles in the Pacific Theater including the Philippine Sea, Iwo Jima, and the bombardment of Okinawa. After delivering the atomic bomb components to Tinian on July 26, 1945, the Indianapolis was torpedoed by the Japanese submarine I-58 on July 30, 1945. Edgar was one of the 317 men to survive the sinking of the Indianapolis and being stranded at sea. He was picked up on August 2, 1945, by the seaplane piloted by Lieutenant Marks and was transferred to the USS Cecil J. Doyle. He recovered at Peleliu, and was brought to Guam on the USS Tranquility. Edgar arrived in the US on October 2, 1945, but due to appendicitis was kept at Balboa Hospital until early November 1945, and was discharged from the Marines after that. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Harrell, Edgar Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Hammond, Steve (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Veterans Video recordings World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American United States. Marine Corps Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="http://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-08-22 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/3ae10ce17d2007be15aea98c5674fb69.m4v 1de39d5ceaca8b265b5b97662c231624 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/d2b62e26141fc638890b2aa251984f8e.pdf a9e440c6002e5118335062a6e2a0c0b9 PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans’ History Project Rick Hahn Vietnam War, Cold War, & Gulf War 1 hour 43 minutes 4 seconds (00:00:20) Early Life -Born on November 9, 1949, in Howell, Michigan -Grew up there -Lived there until he was 23 years old (save for two years in the Army) -Father worked for a local telephone company -Mother worked for city hall -Graduated from high school in 1967 -Worked during the summers and attended Grand Rapids Community College -Found that college wasn’t for him and got a job instead (00:01:53) Enlisting in the Army -Talked to the draft board to ask when he would get drafted -Told he would be drafted in June 1969 -Decided to enlist in the Army in February 1969 (00:03:19) Basic Training -Sent to Fort Knox, Kentucky, for basic training -At the time, drill sergeants could strike recruits -He was in good physical shape -The emphasis on discipline was the hardest part of adjusting, for him -Required orders and permission for every part of life -Every night they had to wax and buff the floors of the barracks -Treated better by drill sergeants near the end of basic training (00:05:35) Awareness of Vietnam War -He was aware of the situation in Vietnam -Later found out that 1969 and 1970 were some of the worst years of the war -Didn’t know that at the time (00:06:34) Advanced Infantry Training -After eight weeks of basic training he went to advanced infantry training (AIT) -Went to Fort Gordon, Georgia, for AIT -Learned infantry tactics -Taught how to use mortars and work in the fire direction center (getting coordinates for mortars) -Only one man from his AIT group didn’t go to Vietnam -Trained with a mix of draftees and enlistees -Treated a little better during AIT -Maintained discipline -Lasted eight weeks -Completed in June 1969 �(00:08:32) Deployment to Vietnam -Given one month of leave before deployment to Vietnam -Went to the Oakland Replacement Depot in Oakland, California -Processing center for outgoing soldiers -Flew over in a chartered commercial flight (same airline he flew over during the Gulf War) -Stopped in Alaska and Japan (00:10:38) Arrival in Vietnam -Landed at Tan Son Nhut Airbase in the afternoon -Vietnam was hot, hotter than Georgia -Sent to an in-processing center -He got picked for guard duty -Heard incoming rounds around the perimeter -Didn’t know it was incoming fire -Next day the incoming men were placed in formation to be sorted into units -Stayed at the processing center for about a week -Waiting for assignment and learned about customs in Vietnam (00:13:58) Joining the 101st Airborne Division -Assigned to the 101st Airborne Division -Unit operated in I Corps (northernmost part of South Vietnam) -Sent to Camp Evans -Flew up to the base in a C-130 -Did more in-processing and paperwork -Assigned to Headquarters Company, 2nd Battalion, of the 506th Infantry Regiment -Joined his unit in early August 1969 -Part of a mortar platoon -Had three sections (or nine mortars) with five men per gun (00:17:16) Patrols & Operations -Went into the jungle and stayed there for about two weeks -Sometimes went to landing zones, and sometimes went in with line companies (regular infantry) -If they went with a line company, they went with C Company -The five men had different roles in the field -Squad leader carried the gunsight -Gunner carried the tube -Assistant gunner carried tripod -Ammo bearers carried base plate and rounds -Infantrymen gladly carried an extra mortar round or two -Mortarmen stayed in the middle of the perimeter at night -Operated in the hills of I Corps -Supported the withdrawal of the 3rd Marines from the Demilitarized Zone -Operated out of various firebases -Periodically rotated to Camp Evans (00:22:50) Enemy Contact -When he first joined the 101st, he learned the North Vietnamese and Viet Cong feared the 101st �-That fear lasted until the Battle of Firebase Ripcord in July 1970 -Experienced short-lived ambushes or the occasional sniper -Patrolled in the A Shau Valley -Note: Part of the Ho Chi Minh Trail that got supplies to communist forces -Saw “Hamburger Hill” where that battle happened -Basically, in the same amount of danger as a regular infantryman (00:25:15) Morale in the Mortar Platoon -Morale seemed pretty good in the mortar platoon -Had a couple draftees that didn’t want to be there -Didn’t notice any larger morale problems like drug use, insubordination, or racial tension -Men did their jobs and took care of each other, even if they opposed the war -Spent his entire tour with that mortar platoon -Didn’t remember a high turnover of personnel -Just the standard rotation of men joining and leaving the unit (00:27:18) Establishing Firebase Ripcord -In March 1970, 2nd Battalion launched Operation Texas Star to establish Firebase Ripcord -He was on either Firebase Bastogne or Firebase Rakkasan to support the operation -In mid-April, C Company took the hill and began to establish a firebase -His mortar platoon got to Ripcord in June -Helped build mortar positions -No enemy activity at the time (00:29:33) R&R -Went to Thailand for his second R&R -Went to Sydney, Australia, for his first R&R -Got a second R&R by total happenstance -Bumped into the man in charge of R&Rs, and let him take a second one (00:30:33) Battle of Firebase Ripcord Pt. 1 -He got back to Ripcord on July 2nd or 3rd -The battle had already begun on July 1st -They had started getting fire missions in June and the frequency picked up through July -Fired every day from July 1st until the 23rd -Infantry fed coordinates to the mortars if they spotted enemy artillery positions -The actual mortar was set in the middle of a pit with sandbags and ammo boxes around it -Next to the pit the men had built a bunker into the side of the hill -The mortar pit didn’t have any protection save for the sandbags -His mortar pit took an incoming round and set a box of fuses on fire -Rick left the bunker and put out the fire before it ignited the actual mortar rounds -Started taking more and heavier North Vietnamese mortar fire -On July 18th, the North Vietnamese shot down a Chinook helicopter -It crashed on the artillery batteries and the artillery ammo dump -Rick stayed in his bunker for four hours until all the ammo cooked off -Remembers stray rounds hitting the side of his bunker -Only one man was killed, but the artillery batteries and ammunition were destroyed �(00:38:50) The Fall of Firebase Ripcord -The decision was made to abandon, and destroy, Firebase Ripcord on July 23rd -Remembers running up to the top of the hill with the mortar pieces to get to the helicopter -He caught a man before he fell out of the helicopter -Held onto him all the way back to Camp Evans -He was on one of the last helicopters off Ripcord -Saw the North Vietnamese troops coming out of the jungle and advancing up the hill (00:40:58) Battle of Firebase Ripcord Pt. 2 -Days on Ripcord were fairly routine except for the bombardment and fire missions -Ate and bathed around the incoming fire and the fire missions -Enemy bombardment made it difficult to move around the base, and draw food and supplies (00:41:45) End of Tour -Only had a week left in his tour after the fall of Firebase Ripcord -Started his out-processing after he left Ripcord -Went to Eagle Beach with the rest of the battalion for two or three days -Eagle Beach was a secure beach in Vietnam for soldiers of the 101st Airborne Division -Asked if he wanted to go into the field his last three or four days -He declined and would have refused if they had tried to make him go -At Camp Evans, he watched the destruction of Firebase Ripcord -B-52 bombers carpet-bombed the firebase -Fighter jets followed that up with napalm -A soldier that went to Ripcord after the bombardment said the hill had been flattened (00:44:40) Coming Home -He left Vietnam by way of Cam Ranh Bay -Landed at Seattle -Processed, given a new uniform and a steak dinner -Given a leave home to Michigan -Saw protesters at the Detroit airport -Didn’t mind the anti-war protesters until one of them spit on him -Police officer intervened to stop a fight -Sympathized with Rick, but told him a fight wasn’t worth it -He expected protesters (00:48:15) Stationed at Fort Hood & End of Enlistment -Sent to Fort Hood, Texas, to be in a mortar unit with other Vietnam War veterans -Had daily work and not much else to do -Saw more racial tension at Fort Hood -There were problems between soldiers -All the mortarmen lived on one floor of the barracks, and other units on separate floors -A few men on the next floor didn’t like the mortarmen -They dealt with the issue internally without getting command involved -The Black Power movement and KKK were present, but not in abundant numbers -Men in Vietnam had smoked weed, but he didn’t partake -Stayed at Fort Hood for the rest of his enlistment �-Spent 30 days at home because of a broken hand -Returned to Fort Hood in October 1970 -Left Fort Hood in February 1971 -Encouraged to reenlist, but he didn’t feel pressured to reenlist (00:52:50) Life after First Enlistment -Went back to Michigan and took off a few weeks before getting a job -Got a job then worked various jobs -Married in 1973 -First child in 1974 -Had a job with PepsiCo, but the economy wasn’t stable -Wanted a job with better stability (00:53:50) Reenlisting in the Army -He decided to reenlist in the Army to have a more stable job and a consistent paycheck -Reenlisted in 1975 -Didn’t know what to expect when he reenlisted -He wanted to get a position in the engineers, but wound up back in the mortars -Sent to Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, for refresher training -Lasted three weeks -A condensed version of basic training -Reminded of Army regulations and the Uniform Code of Military Justice -Sent to Fort Polk, Louisiana -Part of the training command for refresher training on mortars -That training only lasted five days (00:58:23) Stationed at Fort Ord -Sent to Fort Ord, California, where he joined the 7th Infantry Division -Stayed at Fort Ord for a little over a year -Easy adjustment because the Army had gotten easier -Better pay and less discipline -Wife stayed in Michigan to have their (second?) baby -She waited a few months after having the baby, then came to Fort Ord -Lived with his wife off-base in the town of Salinas -Enjoyed being in California -There wasn’t much to do except train and do guard duty (01:01:28) Tours in South Korea -He went to South Korea for a tour -Joined Headquarters Company, 1st Battalion, 38th Infantry Regiment of the 2nd Infantry Division -Headquarters Company had mortars, snipers, and the recon platoon -Based near the Demilitarized Zone -Arrived in South Korea in 1978 (or 1979) -North Korea tried to make trouble every day during that tour -Rotated on and off the Demilitarized Zone -Set up mortars near Panmunjom -Remembers a patrol got lost in the Demilitarized Zone and wound up in a minefield �-Had to send in a helicopter to recover the patrol -Took the lost patrol to Camp Howze -Helicopter pilot had served in Vietnam -Very close to North Korea -North Korea tried to probe the line -Never had fire missions, but almost had one -South Korea was a confused state -Tension between the people and the government -North Korean defectors -There was an observation post the North Koreans shot at on a regular basis -Never shot directly at the post, but around it -He did three tours in South Korea in four years -His family had come with him -South Korea was transitioning into democracy during his time in the country -Got divorced, and married a South Korean woman -Got to see more of South Korea and learn about the culture -In the rural areas, the Koreans stared at him because Americans were such a rarity -He enjoyed Korea -Between his tours, he was at Fort Hood and Fort Ord (01:12:30) Hardship Duty in Sacramento -Got hardship duty in Sacramento, California, because he and his wife lost their baby -Baby was born two months early, and died after about 24 hours -Wife returned to South Korea to be with her family for about a month -Thought it would be a chance for her to recover, but it didn’t work out (01:14:45) Tour in West Germany -Sent to Aschaffenburg, West Germany, in the mid-1980s -Served with the 3rd Infantry Division -Supporting Allied and other American forces in the event of a Soviet invasion -Enjoyed his time in Germany -Good economy for American soldiers -Germans treated Americans well, at least they treated him well -Discipline in the Army had changed even more -Treated the troops under his command fairly -Quality of troops increased by making the Army an all-volunteer force (01:18:38) Stationed at Fort Riley -After his tour in Germany he was sent to Fort Riley, Kansas -Part of mortars, but also the S3 non-commissioned officer (part of operations) -Planned training schedules -Part of the nucleus of the battalion -Worked with staff officers -Got along better with higher-ranking officers (majors and up) -Possibly because he was closer in age to them than younger officers �(01:21:24) Operation Desert Shield & Deployment -Placed on alert when Iraq invaded Kuwait on August 2, 1990 -Transferred back into mortars and started doing more training -He had combat experience, and was made platoon sergeant -Went to Fort Ord for more pre-deployment training -Put their equipment on a train to Houston, so that it could go by sea to Saudi Arabia -Flew over to Saudi Arabia -Stopped in Greece -Landed in Saudi Arabia and moved to a staging area -Gathered personnel and equipment to get organized before the war -Took about a month for everyone and everything to arrive -He and a few other personnel went ahead of the main body to establish the staging area -He deployed with the 1st Infantry Division (01:26:10) Operation Desert Storm -Remembers hearing the B-52s flying into Iraq and he knew the war had begun -Stationed on the Saudi Arabia/Iraq border -Stared moving into Iraq during the aerial bombardment -Told nothing about what to expect going into Iraq -Had some nuclear/biological/chemical (NBC) weapons training -How to put on an NBC suit and survive an attack -Knew that Iraq had chemical weapons and used them in the past -Advanced into Iraq -Stopped at Safwan, Iraq, where the Iraqi military signed the ceasefire agreement -Did some fire missions to counter Iraqi artillery and mortars -His section destroyed an Iraqi artillery position -His section used self-propelled mortars (most likely the M1064 mortar carrier) -Took Iraqi artillery fire -It was good to have Rick in the unit, because he had combat experience -Captured an abandoned Iraqi position -Grabbed an Iraqi mortar in case they needed extra firepower -The war didn’t last long due to the aerial bombardment and superiority of Coalition forces -The Iraqis were outclassed and outgunned -Iraqi survivors said tanks had been destroyed without seeing the enemy tank -Heard about an American unit that lost men because they played with unexploded ordinance -Significant number of casualties due to friendly fire or accidents -Main concern during the war was the deployment of chemical weapons -Stayed in the Middle East for five months (01:38:27) Retirement from Army -He retired from the Army in 1993 -Served at Fort Riley after the Gulf War until his retirement (01:38:45) Reflections on Service Pt. 1 -Diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder in 2000 -A friend helped push him to get help �-Had struggled with alcohol to cope with some of the memories -It was a different life experience getting to see places he never thought he’d see -Enjoyed the travel he did in the Army -Has now been out of the Army longer than he was in the Army (01:40:58) Life after Retirement -He got a job driving semi-trucks -Worked with his wife -Did that for about a decade -Permanently retired after ten years of driving truck (01:42:00) Reflections on Service Pt. 2 -Discipline was the most drastic change in the Army -Believes the lack of discipline is the cause of problems in the modern Army � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HahnR1961V Title A name given to the resource Hahn, Rick (Interview outline and video), 2016 Description An account of the resource Rick Hahn was born in Howell, Michigan, on November 9, 1949. He enlisted in the Army in February 1969, and received his basic training at Fort Knox, Kentucky. He went on to receive mortar training at Fort Polk, Louisiana. Upon completion of training he was deployed to Vietnam in August 1969. He joined the mortar platoon in Headquarters Company of the 2nd Battalion of the 506th Infantry Regiment of the 101st Infantry Division. For the rest of 1969 and the early part of 1970 he went on patrols around Camp Evans. In June 1970, he and his unit were stationed on Firebase Ripcord, and he participated in the Battle of Firebase Ripcord from July 1, 1970 – July 23, 1970 when the firebase was evacuated. Shortly thereafter, he returned to the United States and was stationed at Fort Hood, Texas, until his enlistment ended in February 1971. He reenlisted in the Army in 1975 and served for another 18 years at a variety of bases with a variety of units (Fort Ord, California, with the 7th Infantry Division; three tours in South Korea; a tour in West Germany with the 3rd Infantry Division; and at Fort Riley, Kansas). He also served in the Gulf War with the 1st Infantry Division. Rick retired from the Army in 1993. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hahn, Rick Edward Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American United States. Army Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="http://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-10-07 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0b2b029301dd3f19231277740dc5bae5.m4v 114a07759778ae9b2462971878bcf5af https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/79b13d99ec1acfe564f87bf5316a1f75.pdf 2cacb83ccbc6e58ab44171b20908235a PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans’ History Project Steven Gunn Vietnam War 1 hour 14 minutes 45 seconds (00:00:17) Early Life -Born in Austin, Texas, in 1946 -Spent some time in El Paso, Texas -Family moved to Clinton, Mississippi, when he was in second grade -Grew up there -Graduated from high school in 1964 -Attended Mississippi College for one year, then Houston Baptist University, then Baylor University -Completed his bachelor degree in 1968 -Went to the University of Chicago to get his master’s degree in social work (00:02:04) Getting Drafted & Awareness of Vietnam War -Draft board contacted him in the middle of his year at University of Chicago -Allowed to complete the year -Reported for duty in Chicago in August 1969 -He disagreed with the war and didn’t want to contribute to the killing -Applied for conscientious objector status, so he wouldn’t be a combatant -Could have applied for non-military service, but didn’t think he would get it -Didn’t want to move to Canada -Being a conscientious objector meant he would serve as a medic (00:05:05) Basic Training -Sent to Fort Sam Houston, Texas, for basic training -Trained with other conscientious objectors -They weren’t harassed by the drill sergeants for being conscientious objectors -Did physical training -Learned some basic land navigation skills -Went on marches and learned about military protocol (rank, who to salute, etc.) -Didn’t receive any weapons or hand-to-hand training -Lasted eight weeks (00:06:56) Medic Training -Stayed at Fort Sam Houston for medic training -Trained how to be an orderly in a hospital, how to treat sucking chest wounds, and basic First Aid -Lasted ten weeks (00:08:21) Deployment to Vietnam -Given a leave home before deploying to Vietnam -Sent to Vietnam in January 1970 -Flew from the United States to Japan to Vietnam on a chartered civilian airliner -Landed at Cam Ranh Bay -Didn’t make much of an impression on him -Hot, but not oppressive -Went through processing and issued jungle fatigues and boots -Received his unit assignment at Cam Ranh Bay (00:11:17) Assignment to 101st Airborne Division -Assigned to the 101st Airborne Division at Camp Evans �-Initially assigned to Headquarters (HQ) Company of the 2nd Battalion, 506th Infantry Regiment -Battalion headquarters was at Camp Evans, and Camp Evans was located near Phu Bai -Unit was in the field operating near firebases in the area -Didn’t have any problems joining his unit (00:14:58) Operating around Camp Evans Pt. 1 -Went into the field with Delta Company -Served in the field with them for six months -Doesn’t remember much about his first few days in the field -Patrolled, slept in the field, and ate C-rations -Handed out anti-malaria pills -Remembers finding a pit that led to an underground bunker complex -Doused it with gasoline then set it on fire -Treated a man who had gotten singed -Nobody commented about him not carrying a weapon (00:17:00) Operation Texas Star – Establishing Firebase Ripcord -In March 1970, the 101st Airborne Division launched Operation Texas Star -Reestablishing Firebase Ripcord on the A Shau Valley -Went into that area via helicopter -Feet dangling out of a Huey helicopter -Dropped off at the landing zone -When they landed they got shot at a couple times -Moved to wherever they were told to go -Company operated as a full unit, but the platoons split up while in the field (00:20:05) Operating around Camp Evans Pt. 2 -Participated in one ambush in the Flatlands -Only five or six men -Considered a low risk situation, otherwise he wouldn’t have gone with them -Had a Chieu Hoi scout with them -Note: Chieu Hoi scouts were North Vietnamese defectors working with US forces -Nothing happened (00:21:25) Patrols in the Mountains -In the mountains they walked single file with some space between each soldier -Follow the man in front of you -Used trails and also forged their own paths -Jungle was thick, but it looked more like a forest than a stereotypical jungle -Saw a beautiful, green bamboo viper -It was a rocky, steep, and forested areas (00:23:35) Leadership in Delta Company -The first platoon leader was incompetent -More concerned about how much peanut butter he had than anything else -Didn’t know how to use night vision goggles -Basically focused on himself -Captain Rollison took command of D Company and dismissed the incompetent platoon leader -Steven joined a platoon under the command of Jim McCall -At first he found Captain Rollison to be intimidating and thought he was a redneck -In retrospect, he realizes how competent and strong he was as a leader -Positive and respectful man -Steven came from a college town, with college-educated parents -Had a negative perception of anyone that behaved like a redneck �(00:27:27) Patrols around Firebase Ripcord Pt. 1 -From March through June 1970 D Company patrolled the area around Firebase Ripcord -Not too many injuries -He was sent with a squad to collect the bodies of men killed in a helicopter crash -Carried the body bags back to a company command post -Treated a soldier that contracted a venereal disease while on R&R -Administered penicillin -Issued daily anti-malaria pills -Had anti-fungal medication available to him -Most of the medical work he did involved carrying dead soldiers back to base (00:30:40) Awareness of Firebase Ripcord Area -Squad leaders had regional maps -He knew where Hill 1000 was in relation to Firebase Ripcord -He didn’t know too much else about their area of operations -He followed orders and didn’t pay attention to their locations -Doesn’t remember having any constant feeling of paranoia (00:32:05) Extracting Alpha Company & Battle of Hill 1000 -Remembers when D Company went into the field to rescue Alpha Company -Camped near the helipads the night before they went into the field -Scared about going up Hill 1000 (00:32:50) Staying on Firebase Ripcord -Slept in a bunker made of sandbags and wood on the perimeter of Firebase Ripcord -Remembers eating rice and fish with South Vietnamese artillerymen -Took mortar fire and treated a sucking chest wound until the man could be evacuated -Stayed on Firebase Ripcord between patrols -D Company stayed at Ripcord for a few weeks pulling base security (00:35:14) Patrols around Firebase Ripcord Pt. 2 -Saw some action in May 1970 -Moving up a hill and stopped to rest -He looked up and saw a North Vietnamese soldier walking toward him -Lieutenant McCall shot the enemy soldier -Close enough that some blood and gore splattered on Steven (00:37:20) Battle of Firebase Ripcord – Hill 1000 -On July 1, 1970, the North Vietnamese attacked Firebase Ripcord -Remembers being told they were going out to take Hill 1000 -Walked single file up to Hill 1000 -Treated a man with a shrapnel wound in the butt -On July 7 D Company attacked Hill 1000, and got stopped -On July 8 D Company and C Company attacked Hill 1000 again -C Company got up their side of the hill, but D Company was unable to get up their side -Remembers a conscientious objector medic with C Company getting killed at Hill 1000 -First day in the field -Colonel Lucas ordered Jeff Wilcox (commander of C Company) to attack Hill 1000 again -Wilcox blew up at Lucas and refused to send his men in for a suicide attack -One of the men killed at Hill 1000 was Lewis Howard -Knew him best out of the men killed in action -Had to leave his body behind at Hill 1000 (00:44:00) Battle of Firebase Ripcord – Extracting Delta Company & Alpha Company -On July 22, D Company went out to extract D Company of 1st Battalion of 506th Infantry Regiment �-On July 23, D Company went out to extract A Company of 2nd Battalion of 506th Infantry Regiment -Flew out to a landing zone near Alpha Company’s position and started walking toward them -Heard explosions and small-arms fire, but the bulk of North Vietnamese had retreated -At Alpha’s position he saw a lot of dead soldiers -Started making poncho litters (litter made of sturdy branches and ponchos) -Loaded the dead soldiers and their weapons onto helicopters -Delta created a landing zone at Alpha’s position to extract everyone -Heard some random small-arms fire at them, but nothing direct -Pulled out of the area and went to Camp Evans -On July 23, Ripcord was evacuated then destroyed by B-52 bombers (00:49:19) Downtime Pt. 1 -Went to Eagle Beach in late June 1970 -Note: Eagle Beach – secured area on South China Sea for 101st Airborne men to relax -Had a few stand downs at Camp Evans -Chance to get haircuts, get new fatigues, and drink beer (00:50:52) Medical Service at Villages -He was pulled out of the field to work in medical staff at Camp Evans -Went on med caps – sending out medical personnel to service villages -He also recorded statistics from med caps -Got to villages via trucks -Had a South Vietnamese soldier as an interpreter and some troops for protection -No hostilities -Treated civilians -Remembers a lot of children being around -Reminded him of his experience doing a medical mission in Honduras during college (00:53:00) Contact with Vietnamese -The South Vietnamese interpreters were educated, friendly, and fun people to be around -Chu Hoys were rough and focused on surviving the war -Children were friendly and asked American soldiers for candy -Villagers were old, led rough lives, and smoke terrible smelling cigarettes (00:54:50) Life at Camp Evans – Drugs & Race Relations -Operated out of Camp Evans for six months doing med caps -Chance to relax -Avoided contact with officers -Remembers a sergeant tried to get the men to do morning formations -The men refused -He insisted until someone threatened to kill him -Smoked a lot of marijuana during his time at Camp Evans -White and black soldiers had a place they called, “the Hole” -Friendly environment to smoke pot together -Quite a few men addicted to heroin -They nodded off during guard duty -Leadership didn’t do anything about it -One black soldier got sent to Long Binh Jail for attempting to kill a sergeant or an officer -Seemed like black and white soldiers got along well (00:59:20) Contact with Home -Got one phone call home -Didn’t write home too much �(00:59:40) Downtime Pt. 2 -Spent a lot of time doing photography while at Camp Evans -Passed the time by reading, smoking pot, meditating, and playing guitar (01:00:44) Bronze Star -Remembers an award ceremony at Camp Evans -He got a Bronze Star for his work during the extraction of Alpha Company -Doesn’t understand why he got one, he felt like he was just doing his job -Felt honored that Captain Rawlinson put in for Steven to get a Bronze Star (01:02:25) End of Service -He counted the days he had left on his “FTA” calendar (Fuck the Army) -Wanted to get out of the Army as soon as possible, so he added three months to his tour in Vietnam -This would allow him to get discharged as soon as he returned to the United States -Didn’t want to do six months of stateside duty -Got an early discharge in March 1971 -Flew out of Cam Ranh Bay -Missed his original flight, so he waited two days for another flight -Met a soldier with a severe heroin addiction hiding in a bunker -Arrived at Fort Lewis, Washington, and given a steak dinner -Rather than see it as a reward, it came off as insulting -Out-processed at Fort Lewis -Dental exam, physical, told he had hearing loss due to his exposure to gunfire (01:07:50) Life after the War -Went to Los Angeles to visit a friend the hitchhiked up to San Francisco -Hitchhiked back to Mississippi to visit his family -Returned to San Francisco and lived there for the summer of 1971 -Got an apartment and attended meditation sessions at a zen center -Went back to Chicago to finish his master’s degree -Got a job at KidsPeace, a children’s behavioral health association, in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania -Worked there as a social worker helping emotionally disturbed children -Lived at a local zen center for a while -Worked at KidsPeace for 36 years -Still lives in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, as of 2016 (01:11:45) Reflections on Service -His time in Vietnam led to a spiritual awakening -Led to him meditating daily and having a holistic view of spirituality -Didn’t have typical PTSD, but had a form of it -Various addictions, worked a lot, occasional depression, and jumpy from loud noises -Attended a Ripcord Association Reunion in 2013 and again in 2016 -Chance to reconnect with the men he served with, and talk about their similar experiences � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GunnS1960V Title A name given to the resource Gunn, Steven W (Interview outline and video), 2016 Description An account of the resource Steven Gunn was born in Austin, Texas, in 1946, but spent the majority of his childhood/adolescence in Clinton, Mississippi. In the winter of 1968 the draft board contacted him, but he didn’t have to report for service until August 1969. He opposed the war and registered as a conscientious objector. He received basic training at Fort Sam Houston, Texas, and stayed at that base for his medic training. He was deployed to Vietnam in January 1970, and he joined the 101st Airborne Division at Camp Evans. He started with Headquarters Company of the 2nd Battalion of the 506th Infantry Regiment, then transferred to Delta Company. For his first six months in Vietnam he went into the field with D Company, and from March through July they operated around Firebase Ripcord. During the Battle of Firebase Ripcord (July 1 – July 23) Steven took part in the Battle of Hill 1000 and Delta’s rescuing of Alpha Company. Steven was reassigned to work out of Camp Evans to go into nearby villages to service the civilians. His tour ended in March 1971 and upon arrival at Fort Lewis, Washington, he was discharged from the Army. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gunn, Steven Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American United States. Army Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="http://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-10-07 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/085171896ca9d6935569ebef59190a66.m4v 105e11dfcd0cb65959ed00d2ef2510c4 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/5ada95cb70c30c43502c99c9a0a11d7a.pdf 8c88d5c3699fe32d46fae497095e7f69 PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans' History Project Bill Groom 58 minutes 28 seconds (00:00:40) Early Life -Born on March 10, 1951, in Greenville, Michigan -Father served in World War II and fought the Japanese in the Pacific Theater -Before the war he worked as a taxi driver in Belding, Michigan -After the war he worked in factories in Belding and Ionia, Michigan -Mother worked as a waitress -Grandfather served in World War I -Didn't talk about his experiences in Europe -Had an older brother that died on May 8, 2014 -Younger brother lives in Ionia -Grew up in Fenwick, Michigan, for 10 or 11 years -Family lost the house in a fire -Moved to Carson City, Michigan, for two years -Moved to Sheridan, Michigan, for four years -Mother worked part-time for an electrician -Remembers when most of the roads were made of gravel -Spent entire days outside with his friends -Parents placed his older brother in a state home in Coldwater, Michigan -He lived there until 1972 when a foster family took him in -Bill took him out to eat, or took him to the fair at least once a month -Attended Central Montcalm High School -Graduated in 1969 (00:05:42) Vietnam War & Enlisting in the Air Force -Didn't pay too much attention to the Vietnam War and other national events -Knew that he wanted to fight and help win the war -His draft number was 400 -The higher the number, the less of a chance he would get drafted -Friend and him decided to enlist in the Air Force in their senior year of high school -Six month delayed enlistment -Meant he would start training after he graduated from high school (00:08:42) Training & First Duty Station -Sent to Lackland Air Force Base, Texas, for basic training -Lasted six weeks -Sent to Lewistown Air Force Station, Montana, as his first duty station -Assigned to a radar site and the 694th Radar Squadron -Had received maintenance training and advanced training with diesel mechanics -Learned about vehicle maintenance and operation (00�:10:26) Service during Vietnam War -In October 1972 he volunteered to go overseas to Vietnam -Spent a year overseas -Stationed at U-Tapao Royal Thai Navy Airfield, Thailand -Saw it as a new, exciting adventure -Dating his future wife at the time -Stopped in Saigon, South Vietnam, for a few days �-Originally supposed to be stationed there -Volunteered to work in the bomb dump at U-Tapao -Storage of heavy bombs as well as loading and unloading bombs from aircraft -Remembers Saigon was loud, about as big as Detroit, and dirty -Enjoyed his time in Thailand -Saw a B-52 bomber crash in front of him -Heard the men screaming as they burned alive -Tail gunner had survived by bailing out over the ocean -Six out of the seven crewmen died in the crash -Bomber had taken severe damage on a bombing run -Lost half of its engines -Pilot attempted to land, but crashed on the runway -Saw Bob Hope as part of USO performance and got to shake his hand -Tremendous morale boost for the men -Had contact with “Agent Orange” (highly toxic defoliant) -Has since suffered no ill-effects from the chemical -Didn't know he had been exposed at the time -Visited Bangkok three or four times -Went to the bars -Got there by bus -Tight security in the city -Three militants tried to throw a satchel charge into the B-52 hangar -Neutralized the intruders to send a message to any future attacks -Served in Thailand for one year and one day -Left on October 3, 1973 -In April 1975 South Vietnam fell -Involved with Operation Linebacker II in December 1972 -Sent out 100 B-52 bombers every 24 hours -Worked 12 to 14 hours a day handling bombs -Bombardment of Hanoi, North Vietnam (00:21:35) Enlisting in the Air National Guard & Overview of Service -Discharged from active duty in the Air Force in San Francisco -Came home and worked as a civilian for a year -Enlisted in the Air National Guard at Battle Creek, Michigan, in 1975 -Became a full-time technician for the Air National Guard in 1980 to March, 2008 (00:22:54) Civilian Life -Married four years before having any children -Had two sons and a daughter -Worked at Attwood in Lowell, Michigan -Worked as a material handler in the warehouse -Flexible with his Air National Guard schedule -Younger brother worked with him (00:24:24) Stationed at Battle Creek Air National Guard Base -Worked on vehicles at the base -Went to Diesel School -Learned how to work on firetrucks and refueling trucks -As a full-time guardsmen he wore his uniform every day and worked 6 a.m. to 5 p.m. -Enjoyed full-time work -Worked as a “federal technician” �(00:25:47) Children -One son enlisted in the Air Force and the other enlisted in the Air National Guard -They both accepted Bill's career and were motivated by it to enlist -Daughter accepted his career, and it didn't bother her (00:26:30) Gulf War -On-call during the Gulf War -He would be deployed if necessary -Thought he would be in the war and be gone for a while -Sons were in high school at the time, and his daughter was in elementary school -Attended a parade in Greenville for Air National Guard and the National Guard -Trained personnel how to do maintenance in a combat zone -Remove parts from aircraft to repair another aircraft faster than wait for parts -Knew there would be conflict in the future as long as Saddam Hussein lived (00:30:35) Oldest Son's Service -Oldest son enlisted in the Air National Guard after high school -Inspired by Bill's military service -Served as a crew chief on the A-10 Warthog (anti-tank aircraft) -Went to Italy together on a deployment -Most likely Aviano Air Base (00:32:12) Yugoslavian Conflicts -Deployed to Italy due to fighting in Yugoslavia, specifically Kosovo -Note: Either Operation Deliberate Force (August-September 1995) or Operation Allied Force (March-June 1998) -Kept vehicles maintained on the base and drove around the base -Italy was the best foreign country he ever served in -Great food, hospitable people, and beautiful countryside -Visited Venice -Dirty water, sprawling city, and cleaner than Thailand -Cost $50 (USD) for a gondola ride (00:35:02) Younger Son's Service -Second son enlisted in the Air Force because of his brother and Bill's service -Served as a crew chief for the F-16 Fighting Falcon (fighter jet) -Stationed at Shaw Air Force Base, South Carolina -Enjoyed hearing his sons argue about which aircraft was better (00:37:05) Nephew's Service -His nephew enlisted in the Air National Guard -Started as an engineer, but transferred to food service -Hurt his ankle after falling from a telephone pole (00:38:38) September 11th Attack -He was on base on September 11, 2001 -A worker told him that a jet struck the North Tower of the World Trade Center -Watched the second jet hit the South Tower in real time -Base placed on lock down for three days -Not allowed to leave the base for three days -Slept on a cot in his office -Sickened knowing how many people died so fast -After the jet hit the Pentagon he thought it was the beginning of a world war -Thought the attackers were either really smart or really stupid -Knew it would be a long war �(00:42:05) Deployment to Middle East -Deployed to Saudi Arabia and Kuwait in 2002 -In Saudi Arabia he worked on maintenance -In Kuwait he worked as a supervisor -Kept vehicles running and get necessary parts for vehicles (00:44:45) Iraq War -Felt the United States would be in Iraq longer than we were -Knew the war would go on until Saddam was captured or killed -Hard to send men to Iraq, especially if they were married or had children -Tried to ask for volunteers from the single men before he asked the married men -Once all the single men went he had to send the married men -Last group of men he sent over came back before he retired from the Air National Guard (00:46:36) Highest Rank -Highest rank he attained was Chief Master Sergeant (E9) -Got promoted to Chief Master Sergeant in 2003 -Served as a Chief Master Sergeant for the last five years of his career -Had no idea he would ever reach that rank -Excited and proud of his achievement -Family was proud of him -Family came to his promotion ceremony -One son and his wife each pinned a stripe on his uniform (00:48:17) Parents -Mother and father are buried at the VA cemetery in Battle Creek -Father influenced his decision to enlist in the Air Force -Gave him advice while he was in the Air Force -When Bill told him about the crash in Thailand, he told Bill to expect casualties (00:49:52) Telling His Story -Has nine grandchildren, and none of them have asked about his service yet -There are some things he'll tell them, but other things he won't tell them -Things he probably won't ever tell anyone (00:50:22) Presidents -First commander-in-chief he served under was President Nixon -Found his untrustworthy -Found President Carter to be a strange man, but supportive of the military -Thought President Reagan was the best commander-in-chief -Gave the military a lot of funding and support -President Bush (the first), was supportive and a close second to President Reagan -Had no use for President Clinton -Thought President Bush (the second) was a good leader and supportive of the military -Got out before President Obama became the president (00:53:51) Inspirations & Influences -One of the best supervisors he had was at Lewistown Air Force Station, Montana -Told Bill that Bill would make a career out of the military -Admired two colonels at Battle Creek -Both had started as enlisted men and worked their way up through the ranks -Believes he had at least one positive influence on one of his subordinates in the Air National Guard (00:55:35) Retirement -Happy to have gotten out because he got sick of the politics -Sad to leave because he left a lot of friends �-Keeps in touch with some of them, and others he has lost touch with -Reconnected with a man that served with him in Thailand (00:56:33) Awards -Has a lot of service coins and rewards from his time in the Air Force and Air National Guard -Still carries his Chief Master Sergeant coin in his pocket since he received it -Given a lever-action rifle with his name, rank, and years of service inscribed on it when he retired � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GroomB1940V Title A name given to the resource Groom, Bill (Interview outline and video), 2016 Description An account of the resource Bill Groom was born on March 10, 1951, in Greenville, Michigan. In 1969 he enlisted in the Air Force and received basic training at Lackland Air Force Base, Texas. His first duty station was at Lewistown Air Force Station, Montana, with the 694th Radar Squadron where he maintained and operated vehicles. In 1972 he volunteered for overseas service, and was deployed to Thailand in October 1972. He was stationed at U-Tapao Royal Thai Navy Airfield where he helped load and unload bombs onto B-52 bombers. He stayed overseas for one year then returned home. He was discharged from active duty in San Francisco in October 1973. In 1975 he joined the Air National Guard at Battle Creek Air National Guard Base, Michigan. In 1980 he went full-time and served as a technician, working on a variety of vehicles. In the mid-1990s he deployed to Italy during the Kosovo conflict, and later in 2002 he deployed to Saudi Arabia and Kuwait to assist with maintenance and supervision of maintenance. He continued to serve in the Air National Guard until he retired in March 2008 with the rank of Chief Master Sergeant. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Groom, Bill Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Hammond, Steve (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American United States. Air Force Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="http://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-06-18 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/2b574a3aa333207dca67482b8b3cabaf.m4v 9d7c3192ee1c292aacd70530e1e77c53 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4ab8b7d56d970454d4158de085e229e8.pdf b737c7055729bdf528453f9f5a53ba77 PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans' History Project Glenn Gronevelt Vietnam War 1 hour 27 minutes 57 seconds (00:00:42) Early Life -Born in Grand Haven, Michigan in 1947 -Father worked in construction with his brother -Glenn started working with his father in construction when he was 12 years old -Grew up in Grand Haven -Graduated from high school in 1965 -Went to junior college -Graduated with an associate degree in drafting in 1968 -Started dating his future wife and they were planning on getting married (00:01:58) Enlisting in the Navy -He believed he would eventually get drafted -Wife had a nursing degree -Recruiters approached him and his girlfriend about enlisting in the military -With a construction background he was told he could join the Navy with rank and rating -He would be an E-7 (chief petty officer; similar to an Army sergeant first class) -Navy said they would take him as an E-5 (petty officer, second class; similar to sergeant) -He would have the ranking of carpenter in a construction battalion (CB or “Seabee”) -Went to Detroit for a physical three times -Enlisted in the Navy in January or February 1969 -Nearly got drafted before getting approved for the Navy -One day after his third physical and getting approved for the Navy he received his draft notice -Men tried to get out of military service -Failing the colorblindness test -Some men drank a lot of coffee so they had high blood pressure during the physical -Physical examiners made them sit until their blood pressure normalized (00:06:05) Awareness of the Vietnam War -Listened to the ABC radio broadcaster Paul Harvey at noon -He was a conservative radio broadcaster that talked about the Vietnam War -Saw news reports about Vietnam on the evening news -Viewed the Vietnam War with a sense of fatalism -Knew he would probably have to go to war and accepted that fact -Neutral about the politics and morality of the war -Paul Harvey started off as a supporter of the war, then as it dragged on he became negative (00:07:38) Navy Introductory Course -Sent to the Naval Construction Battalion Center in Gulfport, Mississippi -Five week introductory course in the Navy -Learned about the history of the Seabees, about rank in the Navy, and about ratings in the Navy -Taught to think of yourself as part of a unit -Not as extreme as in the Marines -Treated with a little more respect because you had work experience -Still knew what your place was in the unit -Went through a screening process to see if what your rank and rating ought to be �-He was dropped to E-4 (petty officer third class) and changed to being a steel worker -Coerced to stay in the Navy with a lower rank -You could leave the Navy, and as soon as you left you would get drafted -Expected to be disciplined, to maintain a clean uniform and bed, and to have proper hygiene -If you made a mistake you were punished -Trained with a mix of men -They all went to different battalions -Only one man he trained with went with him to Vietnam (00:13:24) Enlistment Schedule Pt. 1 -Tour in Vietnam would be 12 months -A Seabee enlistment was for 30 months -Normal enlistment was for 24 months -Needed to serve three months in the United States -Serve nine months in Vietnam -Serve six months in the United States -Serve another nine months in Vietnam (00:15:22) Combat Training -Received 18 days of leave after the training in Gulfport -Got married during the leave -Sent to Naval Construction Battalion Center Port Hueneme, California for combat training -Learned how to storm machine gun nests -Lasted four weeks (00:16:10) Deployment to Vietnam -Sent north to Tacoma, Washington -Boarded a plane to fly to Vietnam the next day -Stopped in Guam then flew on to Vietnam -Flew on a chartered TWA airliner (00:16:59) Arrival in Vietnam -Arrived in Vietnam on June 1, 1969 -Arrived on a weekend, so the battalion wasn't working -Got off the plane in Cam Ranh Bay -It was very hot and he could smell the jungle -Will never forget a smell like that -Processed at the airport -At 10 PM he got on a truck and drove to the far end of the peninsula where his battalion was stationed -Saw flares going off -Passed an ammunition dump -Didn't know that the further down the peninsula you went the safer you were -Assigned to a bunk at the Seabee base -On Monday morning he was directed to battalion headquarters for more processing -He was basically on his own for two days -Found the mess hall on his own -Went to a beautiful nearby beach (00:20:21) Seabee Base at Cam Ranh Bay -The barracks were pretty good at the Seabee base -Had huge fans circulating air -Had an air conditioned recreation room in the barracks -Two stories -Bathrooms were in a separate building next to the barracks �-Had hot and cold running water and flushing toilets -Able to build what they wanted because they were a construction battalion -Army had the worst living conditions on Cam Ranh Bay -Air Force had the best living conditions on Cam Ranh Bay -Sidewalks, flower boxes, and other hallmarks of a “normal” American community -Had bunkers built between the barracks -The further up the peninsula you went the more bunkers you saw -Buildings further up the peninsula had 55 gallon drums filled with sand around the base of buildings (00:22:55) Enemy Contact -Viet Cong militants harassed Cam Ranh Bay -Usually attacked at 4:30 or 5 AM -Sporadically fired mortars or rockets at the base in the hopes of hitting something -Saw more attacks at the naval air base than at the Seabee base -Took random sniper fire at the Seabee base -Viet Cong sneaked onto the ridge around the base and took shots at the Seabee base -Caught a few Viet Cong trying to sneak in by way of the sea -They were caught and detained (00:25:30) Construction Duty in Cam Ranh Bay -Processed on Monday after he arrived in Vietnam -Had his picture taken and it was sent home to show his family he was in Vietnam -Assigned to a company -Spent the next six months working in Cam Ranh Bay -Assigned to Construction Battalion Maintenance Unit (CBMU) 302 -302 handled the southern half of Vietnam (I Corps and II Corps) -Duty was to maintain various naval facilities -Worked at the naval air facility quite a bit -Did dock maintenance for Patrol Boat, River (PBRs) and Patrol Craft Fast (“Swift boats”) -Worked with teams of three to ten men -Went out for projects that lasted a few days to a few weeks -Build mud boxes for the masons to make their bricks -Did a lot of welding repair -Installed new exhaust fans in the kitchen -Went in at 7 or 8 PM to start working -Cooks were grateful so they let the Seabees have free access to the cooler -They had one of the Seabees working the griddle and cooking them food while they worked -That project took about one week (00:29:30) Daily Routine -Got up in the morning and reported for roll call with his company -Went about doing maintenance work -Work day ended at about 5 PM -Went to get dinner then had the rest of the night to yourself -Go to the movie theater -Go to the Enlisted Men Club -Pass the time with other forms of recreation -Sometimes had to do drills at night -Go to the bunkers or go to a fighting position (00:30:55) Shore Patrol Duty -Seabees had to do Shore Patrol duty -He did Shore Patrol duty a few times �-As a Shore Patrolman he carried a pistol, a badge, and a nightstick -Patrolled the beach, the Enlisted Men Club, and the movie theater -Keeping things in order and dealing with troublemakers -At the Enlisted Men Club he was stationed outside of the women's dressing room -Keeping out men trying to get into the room -Never ran into any problems as a Shore Patrolmen -Men respected the Shore Patrolmen because they had total backing from command -Primarily policed sailors, but also soldiers and airmen (00:33:20) Vietnamese Civilians Pt. 1 -Had a lot of Vietnamese civilians working at Cam Ranh Bay -They were bused onto the base in the morning -Had an older Vietnamese man working in the metal shop with them -Learning how to do metalwork -Remembers he was a very nice man -A lot of civilians did cleaning and other manual labor -At night they were searched for stolen goods then bused back off the base -Didn't detect any Viet Cong sympathizers -Heard a story about a Vietnamese barber that worked on an American base -One night the base was attacked and the next day the soldiers found the barber's body -He had been a Viet Cong militant -Didn't really know for sure who was, and who wasn't, part of the Viet Cong (00:35:55) Downtime in Cam Ranh Bay -Didn't get off of Cam Ranh Bay for the first five or six months in Vietnam -Went up the peninsula to the larger post exchanges (PX: military general store) -Could buy cameras, fans, refrigerators, etc. -Able to move around the peninsula with a lot of freedom (00:36:45) Construction Duty in Cat Lo -Assigned to a small construction detachment in the fishing village of Cat Lo -Mission was to use pontoons to create barges that could move supplies up and down the Saigon River -Took a few weeks -Stationed at a small Army base near Cat Lo -Had a tank farm, 155mm howitzers, a chain-link fence around the base, and bunkers -Remembers lying in bed and hearing explosions -He jumped out of his bunk into his boots and threw on his flak jacket -Ran into a nearby bunker, but no one joined him -Howitzers were doing a fire mission, so the explosions were outgoing fire not incoming (00:39:51) Construction Duty in New Port -Returned to Cam Ranh Bay from Cat Lo then got sent to a construction detachment in New Port -New Port was a supply area in Saigon on the Saigon River -Held supplies until they got distributed throughout the country -The Seabees built an extension to increase the supply area of the warehouse -Spent four or five weeks there (00:41:05) Vietnamization -Returned to Cam Ranh Bay to build a two-building schoolhouse for South Vietnamese sailors -Beginning of the Vietnamization processing -Turning the war over to the South Vietnamese and pulling U.S. troops out of Vietnam -Seabee battalions stayed behind -Mission changed from maintenance to building villages -Idea was to build villages for the South Vietnamese soldiers' families �-If the soldiers had their families nearby they wouldn't desert -Gave the Vietnamese buildings with rooms and indoor plumbing -Designed a building that would serve as a concrete block factory for building projects -First concrete block factory built in Vietnam -Chief of Naval Operations came to Vietnam to visit the factory -Helped his lieutenant commander's career -Built a second concrete block factory between Saigon and Long Binh (00:46:25) Pay Problem with the Navy -The Navy offered him a reward program where he would get a $300 bonus -Bonus got reduced to only $25 -Refused to accept that -Wrote his congressman for support -Battalion commander refused to budge on the deal -He wound up accepting the $25 bonus -Only got $20 because there was a $5 tax (00:48:40) Saigon -Able to travel throughout Saigon -Saw the Saigon Zoo, the Presidential Palace, pagodas, and embassies -Visited restaurants and tried local food -Went to the markets in Saigon -You could buy anything in Saigon (drugs, sex, produce, meats) -A lot less restricted in Saigon -Basically given free reign in Saigon -There were huge P.X.s in Saigon -A lot of black market activity in Saigon -You could buy a carton of cigarettes for $1.50 -You could then trade that carton on the black market for 10x its worth -Same with a box of Tide laundry detergent -Could get free alcohol for a month by working with bartenders to get them supplies -Didn't carry weapons in Saigon -Curfew was set at 10 PM -Military Police were pretty strict at enforcing that curfew -Some men rented apartments in Saigon so they could live with their Vietnamese girlfriends -Only had to show up for roll call in the morning (00:53:44) Enlistment Schedule Pt. 2 -In Vietnam for 13 months -Normal tour was 12 months -Had gotten shipped out a month early -Possible to have gotten stationed somewhere for 12 months and a second tour in Vietnam -If you volunteered to stay in Vietnam for an extra month you wouldn't have to do a second tour (00:55:35) R&R -Got at least one guaranteed R&R -In February 1970 he took his R&R in Hawaii -Five days -Government paid for his plane ticket and his wife's ticket (00:56:35) Loss of a Friend -Wife met a couple in Hawaii whose son was a Marine in Vietnam -Husband was a friend with his father, so Glenn grew up with the Marine son -Son was killed in action �-Family initially wanted him to escort their son's body home -Decided against it because they didn't want to associate Glenn with that (00:57:32) Opinion of the Vietnam War -Brother-in-law had served in Vietnam before Glenn -He believed the Vietnamese were second class humans -After his tour in Vietnam Glenn could at least understand where he was coming from -He was neutral going over to Vietnam -After his tour he saw it as a civil war between the Vietnamese, not an international conflict -America had no business being there -Believes American politicians killed 58,000 American servicemen and countless civilians -Disappointed in America's leadership -Domino Theory was never going to happen and the leaders should have admitted that (01:00:32) Invasion of Cambodia -He was in Saigon during the invasion of Cambodia in spring of 1970 -Saw President Nixon tell the American people that the United States had not invaded Cambodia -He saw huge convoys headed toward Cambodia -Wondered how much the government lied to the American people about Vietnam -How gullible were the American people? -He became cynical over the government control of the press -Knew that stories and facts weren't being given to the American people -Meant that the people weren't able to make an informed decision about the war -Believes the deception went back to the Eisenhower Administration in the 1950s -How many North Vietnamese, Viet Cong, and civilians were actually killed? -No way of ever really knowing how many people died in the war (01:04:28) Drug Use & Racial Tension -Drug use was always there in Vietnam -Smelled burning weed in the guard bunkers -Civilians brought drugs onto bases -Could buy any drug you wanted -Remembers an old man that always offered opium to him -Did not see any drug problems in his unit -Alcohol abuse was more of a problem than illegal drugs -Enlisted Men Club served alcohol to everyone -Saw racial tensions on the periphery -Had black men in his battalion -Always saw cooperation between the races when they worked -Did not see any black officers -Black sailors and soldiers were used for common labor -There was some self-imposed segregation among the men -In Saigon there was a neighborhood where black soldiers rented apartments -White servicemen were not welcome -Remembers black soldiers being frustrated with fighting a “white man's war” -Visited Long Binh Jail -Predominantly black prisoners (01:10:36) Vietnamese Civilians Pt. 2 -Left Vietnam with a positive view of the Vietnamese people -Wanted to help modernize the Vietnamese and give them better living conditions -Wondered if the United States set their progress back because of the war -Befriended a Vietnamese maid �-Exchanged language dictionaries -Got to know a Vietnamese girl that worked at a cafeteria in New Port in Saigon -Learned about the cultural and familial expectations of young women in Vietnam -Wanted to learn more about the Vietnamese culture -They were innovative and intelligent people -Especially when it came to mechanical things (01:14:12) Coming Home & End of Service -Left Vietnam on July 1, 1970 -Flew back to the United States via Okinawa -Flew back into Tacom, Washington -Told they would initially be processed quickly so they could get home for the 4th of July -He then reported to Great Lakes Naval Station, Illinois for final discharge -Advised to fly home in civilian clothing to avoid harassment -Civilians should have been angry with the politicians, not the servicemen -Given three options: -Reassignment to another construction battalion -Join a Navy Reserve unit closer to home -Full discharge -Picked full discharge -Did 16 months of active duty (01:17:34) Life after the War -Took a little time off to be with his family -Had a job waiting for him with his old company when he got home -Started building his own house -Daughter was born shortly after he got home -Rejoined civilian society with no problems -Stayed with the company for a year then explored other options in the maintenance industry (01:19:09) Reflections on Service -Proud of his time he spent in the Navy -Still greatly admires the Navy -Not proud of the Vietnam War -Every Memorial Day he still visits the grave of the Marine he knew killed in Vietnam -Glad he served his country despite the conflict (01:20:30) Contact with South Korean Soldiers -There were South Korean (Republic of Korea; ROK) soldiers stationed at Cam Ranh Bay -Didn't have a lot of contact with them -They were extremely serious about fighting communism because of the Korean War -They saw things in black and white with little to no gray area -They believed the South Vietnamese should stand up and fight for their country -Shot South Vietnamese soldiers if they tried to retreat -Very tough men -Encountered some South Korean troops in Saigon -Vietnamese didn't like the South Koreans -ROK soldiers and Navy SEALs worked together to train South Vietnamese special forces (01:23:55) Interrogation of Viet Cong -Heard that the interrogation process was brutal at times -Viet Cong prisoners would be taken up into a helicopter for questioning -If they refused to cooperate they were thrown out of the helicopter -Remembers seeing a helicopter hovering in the air �-Friend started taking pictures with his camera -When the pictures developed they saw a body falling from the helicopter -Interrogation was done by the United States, South Koreans, and the South Vietnamese -Understood that war is a lot of ugliness, unfortunately (01:26:35) Reflections on Service Pt. 2 -Would like to see more stories about the support personnel of the Vietnam War -Understands the combat personnel had it bad though -There was no rear in Vietnam unlike in World War II -Meant that even being in the rear meant getting shot at and shelled -A lot of support personnel made the combat possible � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GroneveltG1862V Title A name given to the resource Gronevelt, Glenn (Interview outline and video), 2015 Description An account of the resource Glenn Gronevelt was born in Grand Haven, Michigan in 1947. In early 1969 he enlisted in the Navy to be serve with the “Seabees” (Construction Battalions). He received introductory training at Naval Construction Battalion Center in Gulfport, Mississippi then went to Naval Construction Battalion Center Port Hueneme, California for combat training. He was deployed to Vietnam in late May 1969 and arrived on June 1, 1969. He was assigned to Construction Battalion Maintenance Unit 302 and did construction work in Cam Ranh Bay, at New Port warehouse in Saigon, in Cat Lo, and he helped with building projects part of the “Vietnamization” process. During his time in Vietnam he also remembers witnessing first hand the movement of troops and supplies into Cambodia. He left Vietnam on July 1, 1970 and after visiting his family for the 4th of July he reported to Great Lakes Naval Station, Illinois and was discharged from the Navy. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gronevelt, Glenn Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James (Interviewer) WKTV (Wyoming, Mich.) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American United States. Navy Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="http://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015-07-30 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/2878bf468a4f82d1388e86c4aeddd926.m4v 50212b83daa406758530f9787946e177 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/ea8c3c03e78bf7769ee2efb86b4c084f.pdf dadd8e7156fec898f6f5e4eb367c96ca PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans’ History Project Gerald Frazine World War II 35 minutes 16 seconds (00:00:15) Early Life -Born in Muskegon, Michigan, in 1925 -Grew up in Muskegon and attended St. Joseph Catholic School -Played basketball in high school -Stayed in school through the 11th grade -Received his draft notice after the 11th grade -Grew up during the Great Depression -Father was laid-off a few times during the Depression -Helped his father deliver coal as a job -Went to the surplus store to get necessities -Father eventually got steady employment -During the summers, he helped install wells with the Civilian Conservation Corps -Travelled to camps all over Michigan (00:03:21) Start of the War & Getting Drafted -Heard about the attack on Pearl Harbor on the radio -If he hadn’t heard it on the radio he would’ve heard it from another person -News travelled quickly by word-of-mouth -Planned on enlisting after graduating from high school -Wound up getting drafted and decided to enlist in the Navy a year early (00:03:59) Boot Camp -Shortly after getting drafted he reported to Great Lakes Naval Station, Illinois, for boot camp -Boot camp lasted six weeks -Consisted of physical training and some classroom work (00:04:53) Radio School -He wanted to be a submariner, but he was placed in amphibious communications -Sent to the Radio School at Great Lakes Naval Station for two months -Branch of the University of Michigan -Did well in Radio School, so he wound up in Flotilla Flagship Command for amphibious ships -Able to go home every weekend during Radio School -Took a “milk train” back to Michigan -Occasionally got leaves to downtown Chicago (00:07:43) Deployment to Pacific Theater -After Radio School, he and his class went to Seneca, Illinois, to board a Landing Ship Transport -Formed an LST convoy and gathered crews for each ship -Sailed down the Mississippi River -The helmsman of his ship was not good at his job �-Managed to hit a river barge, and a bridge -Entered the Gulf of Mexico at the same time a hurricane hit the gulf -He never got so sick in his life -LST didn’t handle heavy seas well -Had waves that were 30 feet higher than the ship -After the hurricane, they sailed through the Panama Canal, up the West Coast, to San Diego -Stayed in San Diego for three days taking on ammunition and other supplies -Sailed to Pearl Harbor from San Diego -Didn’t see the United States for 2 ½ years -There was still some damage at Pearl Harbor from the attack in 1941 -Stayed at Pearl Harbor for four, or five, days (00:10:48) Sailing around the South Pacific Pt. 1 -Crossed the Equator en route to their first island -Had a King Neptune Ceremony for sailors that had never crossed the Equator -Traditional hazing ceremony -Ultimately crossed the Equator 13 times during the war -He kept a log of the islands they sailed to and the days they got to each island -Went to Guadalcanal after the battle to load and unload supplies (00:13:40) Invasion of Leyte & Battle of Leyte Gulf -Participated in the invasion of Leyte on October 20, 1944 -That was the third or fourth amphibious assault he witnessed -His LST was in the first or second wave of the invasion -Encountered suicide boats -One managed to break through and damage the ship’s fantail -Had to drop anchor for three days while divers repaired the fantail -Aware of the Battle of Leyte Gulf (October 23, 1944 – October 26, 1944) -He was on the flotilla flagship and heard the radio traffic during the naval battle -Concerning battle, because the Americans were outgunned -Japanese had battleships, and Americans had smaller ships -Americans won the battle, and crippled Japanese naval capabilities (00:15:45) Pacific Theater Invasions Pt. 1 & Noncombat Missions -Participated in the Mariana Islands Campaign -Liberation of Guam, Saipan, and Tinian -Went to liberated islands to load and unload supplies and troops (00:16:19) Enemy Aircraft & Submarines -Got strafed a few times, but never got attacked by dive bombers -Had 20mm and 40mm antiaircraft guns on the LST -Saw three kamikazes during the war -His LST shot down one or two of them -Kamikazes never hit his ship -Had two separate incidents when Japanese submarines shadowed his convoy -Waiting for a moment to attack the convoy, but they never did -Most of the men in the convoy didn’t know about the presence of Japanese submarines �-He only knew because of his radio position -Didn’t lose any ships to the submarines (00:18:27) Sailing around the South Pacific Pt. 2 -Went ashore a couple times at some of the secured islands -Doesn’t remember which islands he went ashore at -Never stayed long at the islands (00:19:10) Duties on the Landing Ship Transport -Did a little quartermaster work (supply handling) on top of his regular radio work -His typical days consisted of four-hour radio watches -If they went to general quarters, he stayed at his duty-station until the end of general quarters -Placed on full-alert at duty-station during general quarters -Trained on the 20mm antiaircraft gun -He was competent with the 20mm -Sometimes had tow-target planes while they travelled between islands -Planes carrying targets for target practice with antiaircraft guns (00:21:37) Officers & Crew -He got to know most of the men in his ship’s crew -During his time on the LST they switched captains once or twice -Traded junior officers (lower-ranking commissioned officers) a couple times -Had one sailor that was 39-years old, and he was considered an “old man” -Most of the crewmen were 19 – 22 years old -Didn’t have any black sailors on his ship (00:23:54) Sailing around the South Pacific Pt. 3 -LSTs could go ashore to load and unload supplies, because they were amphibious -He helped with loading/unloading supplies a few times -Never spent more than a few days at any one island -During one trip they were at sea for about three weeks -Mostly sailed north and south in the South Pacific -Didn’t go back to Pearl Harbor during the war (00:25:38) Pacific Theater Invasions Pt. 2 -He was on radio watch during invasions -For most invasions, they either carried combat vehicles, or supplies pertaining to the invasion -Remembers taking enemy fire a couple times -Japanese used artillery, then transitioned to small-arms fire, when the ships got close -Took only one casualty during an invasion (00:27:25) Progress of the War -He didn’t pay much attention to the progress of the war -Focused more on the ship’s next destination (00:27:40) Battle of Okinawa, End of War & End of Service -Present for the invasion and liberation of Okinawa from April through June 1945 -After Okinawa, they waited for their next mission, probably the invasion of Japan -The use of the atomic bombs negated the invasion of Japan -Understood what the atomic bombs were, because of the high number of casualties �-With the war over, his LST was decommissioned and given to the Chinese -Boarded a ship bound for Pearl Harbor, and from Pearl Harbor went back to San Diego -Took a train to Great Lakes Naval Station, and was discharged there -Spent a lot of time after the war just waiting to be discharged -Out-processed and discharged at Great Lakes Naval Station -Didn’t take too long -Most likely discharged from the Navy in late 1945 (or possibly early 1946) (00:32:18) Life after the War -Returned to Muskegon, and got engaged to the girl he’d been dating in high school -Got a job with a company that installed wells and wires, and started building a home -Got married on June 7, 1947 -Adopted two sons -Worked at the company for 46 years, travelling around Michigan and the Great Lakes states (00:34:07) Reflections on Service -Prepared him for adulthood -Taught him discipline, orderliness, and an appreciation for being in good shape -Believes that you’ll take something positive with you if you serve � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FrazineG1967V Title A name given to the resource Frazine, Gerald (Interview outline and video), 2016 Description An account of the resource Gerald Frazine was born in Muskegon, Michigan, in 1925. He enlisted in the Navy in 1943, and went to Great Lakes Naval Station, Illinois, for his boot camp and Radio School. Upon completing training, he boarded a Landing Ship Transport (LST) and sailed to San Diego (via the Mississippi River and the Panama Canal) before going to the Pacific Theater. He served as the radio operator on the flotilla flagship, but also handled supplies and knew how to operate a 20mm antiaircraft gun. Gerald participated in the invasion of Guam, Tinian, and Saipan during the Mariana Islands Campaign; the invasion of Leyte during the Philippines Campaign; and the final battle of the Pacific Theater, Okinawa. After the war, he sailed back to San Diego then returned to Great Lakes Naval Station to be discharged from the Navy in late 1945. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Frazine, Gerald Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Veterans Video recordings World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American United States. Navy Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="http://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-10-18 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/dffc29bb5c6001948863470a52c83108.m4v 790658918a58d424f83b312b3fca5229 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/ad68db824e7fb0fd51f3d46389a4419f.pdf 5a557bc1ad4549bb2f1be8b050579641 PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans’ History Project Louis Kayo Erwin Sr. World War II 1 hour 9 minutes 23 seconds (00:00:38) Early Life -Born in Dayton, Tennessee, on March 1, 1925 -Moved to Chattanooga, Tennessee when he was 16 years old -Parents got a divorce when he was young -Lived with his mother and grandparents in Big Spring, Tennessee -Grew up on a farm -Picked cotton and corn -It was hard work and busy, but a great experience -Grandfather had a grist mill -Ground corn for other farmers, took a small cut as payment -Put “shoes” on mules -It was hard living because of the Great Depression, but they survived -Raised hogs for meat -Farm allowed them to be self-sufficient -Sold their cotton and tobacco -Had an orchard -Provided them with fruit for canning and jellies -Had no electricity or gas lines -Used oil lamps for light and wood for heat and cooking -Used their cellar to keep perishables cool, and a smokehouse to preserve meat -Got up at 5 a.m. every day -No radio (00:07:00) Enlisting in the Navy Pt. 1 -Moved to Chattanooga, Tennessee, when he was 16 years old -Older brother joined the Marines -Served with the 1st Marines Division in the South Pacific -Louis joined the Navy to be closer with his brother -Older brother contracted malaria and was evacuated to Australia -Survived the war and is still alive as of 2016 (00:09:57) Start of the War -Had a paper route in Chattanooga -Learned about the attack on Pearl Harbor when he was throwing papers -Remembers recruitment posters being put up at the Post Office (00:10:54) Enlisting in the Navy Pt. 2 -Enlisted in the Navy when he was 17 years old, on December 20, 1942 -Sent to Nashville for an entrance exam (00:11:22) Basic Training -Sent to San Diego for basic training on December 26, 1942 -It was difficult -Taught discipline and responsibility -Took swimming tests -Had to swim two laps, then remove pants and use them as a flotation device �-Did drills and went on five-mile marches -Anxious about when he received orders, and where he received orders -Navy needed crewmen for its ships (00:13:10) Assignment to the USS Bunker Hill & the USS Indianapolis -Initially received orders for the USS Bunker Hill, then received orders for the USS Indianapolis -The Bunker Hill was an aircraft carrier and the Indianapolis was a heavy cruiser -Taken by ship to the USS Bunker Hill at Pearl Harbor -Stayed in a barracks in a pineapple field until the Bunker Hill arrived at Pearl Harbor -Assigned to the deck division (5 inch guns) on the Bunker Hill -Received orders for the USS Indianapolis while he was on the USS Bunker Hill -Didn’t matter to him which ship he served on -Liked the idea of serving on a heavy cruiser -USS Indianapolis had 8 inch guns, 5 inch guns, 40mm guns, 20mm guns, and .50 caliber guns -Joined the Indianapolis in late April/early May 1943 -After the Indianapolis aided with the liberation of the Aleutian Islands -Note: The Indianapolis didn’t get to Hawaii until August 1943, but he may have received orders for the USS Indianapolis in early summer 1943. (00:17:28) Invasion of Tarawa -First major operation he participated in was the invasion of Tarawa in November 1943 -Remembers planes and ships bombarding the island for five or six days -Stripped the island of its vegetation -The Indianapolis had two catapult planes to spot targets and coordinate the ship’s guns -Note: Catapult planes: Smaller aircraft launched from the ship via catapults -On the day of the invasion, November 20, he saw multitudes of landing craft approaching the island -Craft got stuck on the coral reef, forcing marines to wade ashore under machine gun fire (00:19:50) Major Pacific Campaigns & The Invasion of Okinawa -Participated in the following campaigns: -Gilbert & Marshall Islands Campaign (included Tarawa): November 1943 – February 1944 -The Mariana Islands Campaign: June 1944 – November 1944 -Battle of Saipan -Battle of Tinian -Liberation of Guam -In February 1945, the Indianapolis participated in the bombardment of Iwo Jima -On March 24, 1945, the Indianapolis began its participated in the bombardment of Okinawa -On March 31, a kamikaze hit the Indianapolis -The attack killed 9 and wounded 38 (00:20:26) Repairs & Secret Mission -Following the kamikaze attack, the USS Indianapolis sailed to California for repairs -After repairs, the Indianapolis received orders for a secret mission to Tinian -Went to Hunters Point Naval Shipyard, California, to get the atomic bomb components -Departed from Hunters Point on July 16, 1945 -They arrived at Tinian and successfully unloaded the components on July 26, 1945 -From Tinian they sailed to Guam, and left Guam on July 28 (00:21:15) Sinking of the USS Indianapolis Pt. 1 -After leaving Guam they had orders to sail to Leyte in the Philippines -At 12:14 a.m. on July 30, the Japanese submarine I-58 torpedoed and sank the USS Indianapolis -For the next four days and five nights, the survivors were stranded in shark-infested waters -300 men went down with the ship, and another 583 men died in the water -Only 317 crewmen survived �(00:21:50) Survival -The life jackets they had were only good for 72 hours -Louis swam away from the ship once he jumped overboard -Last he saw of the ship was its fantail in the air and its propellers still turning -Joined a group of 250 men (Dr. Haynes’s group) -Only 56 of those men survived long enough to be rescued -Men started to hallucinate from drinking the saltwater -Imagined the ship rising to the surface, an ice cream stand, a beer vendor, hotels -Men died as a result of shark attacks, exposure, salt poisoning and thirst -Heard men screaming at night due to sharks attacking them -The goal of getting home and seeing his family again kept him alive -Had nothing to eat or drink -Saw high-altitude aircraft fly over, but they were too high to see them -Most of the men were covered in oil which also made them hard to spot in the water -The saltwater and life jacket rubbed his skin raw -Sharks came by every day -When they did, he held up his legs to keep them away from the sharks -Felt them brush his legs, and most of the time the sharks were only five or six feet away -At first, men splashed to try and scare off the sharks -Unfortunately, the sharks mistook the splashing as fish and came closer -During the day he prayed for night to cool off, and at night he prayed for the day to warm up -Covered in engine oil -Took off his pants because they added extra weight and pulled him down -Saved his socks so he could wet them and put them on his face to stay cool -When they dried they left behind salt residue which burned his skin -He would dip them in the water and put them back on his face to get relief (00:28:28) Rescue -On August 2 he saw Lt. Gwinn and Lt. Colwell’s PV-1 Ventura -They were the first to discover the survivors -They flew low, and signaled that they had seen the survivors and would go for help -Lt. Marks flew to the scene in his PBY and, despite contrary orders, landed to aid the survivors -Brought men aboard, and once the plane was full he tied men to the wings -Louis was one of the 56 men to go aboard Lt. Marks’s PBY -One of the ship’s doctors distributed freshwater to the survivors on the PBY -Each man was allowed two sips of water, then passed it onto the next man -When the cup was emptied it would be refilled -The USS Cecil J. Doyle arrived on the scene to pick up the survivors -Most of the men were too weak to climb the rope ladder on the side of the ship -Used rubber rafts to transport them from water or the PBY to the ship -Brought the survivors and the crew of Lt. Marks aboard the Cecil J. Doyle -Once everyone was aboard they sank the PBY -Weight of the survivors damaged the plane making it impossible to fly -Once aboard, they washed off the engine oil -The crewmen of the Cecil J. Doyle gave their bunks to the Indianapolis survivors (00:34:19) Recovery & End of the War -Louis and other survivors were brought to the island of Peleliu -Stayed in the hospital there for four or five days -Survivors placed on board the USS Tranquility (a hospital ship) -Brought to Hospital 18 on Guam �-On August 16 he and the other survivors heard about the atomic bombs and Japan’s surrender -Told that they had transported the components for the bombs that helped end the war -The survivors cheered when they learned that the war was over -Given buckets of ice cream to help regain weight -One of his friends, Ed Brown, also survived the sinking -They stayed friends after the war (00:39:17) Sinking of the USS Indianapolis Pt. 2 -He had just got off watch at midnight and laid down in his hammock when the first torpedo hit -Second torpedo knocked him out of bed -He ran to the port (left) side of the ship and began cutting down life jackets and passing them out -When it became apparent that the ship was going down, he jumped overboard and swam away -Last he saw of the ship was its fantail in the air and its propellers still turning -It sank after only 12 minutes (00:41:08) Coming Home -Came back to the United States on the USS Hollandia with other survivors once he recovered -Landed at San Diego -Greeted by Red Cross personnel -Survivors were thrown a parade -Men ran up to them and handed them glasses of beer -Issued new clothing -Given 30 days of leave -Went home to Chattanooga (00:42:53) End of Service -Needed 44 points to be discharged -Points awarded based on rank, dependents, length of service, and combat seen -Sent to Nashville to receive further orders -Assigned to Naval Amphibious Base Coronado, California for amphibious training -Sent to Naval Amphibious Base Coronado and a few weeks later he was offered a discharge -He said yes to being discharged -Had originally planned on making a 20 year career out of the Navy -After the sinking of the USS Indianapolis he changed his mind -He went to Memphis and was discharged there -Most likely in fall or winter 1945 (00:44:28) Captain McVay -Never interacted with Captain McVay, but Louis saw him a lot -Knew that Captain McVay, some sailors, and some Marines got on a life raft -Never saw them after the sinking because they drifted in a different direction (00:46:08) Father Thomas Conway -Saw Father Thomas Conway in the water among the survivors -Father Conway checked to see which men had died -He collected their dog tags, performed Last Rites, and removed their life jacket -Father Conway died on August 2, just a few hours before Lt. Gwinn/Lt. Colwell spotted them (00:48:00) Court-martial of Captain McVay -In the hospital, he and the other survivors were ordered to write a letter about the sinking -Their position at the time of the sinking, their actions, and general experience -In the years after the war, Captain McVay put together two survivors’ reunions -In 1968, Louis learned about Captain McVay’s court-martial and suicide -Court-martial happened in November 1945 -Found guilty of losing the USS Indianapolis �-Only time an American captain was tried for losing his ship in wartime -Used as a scapegoat for the Navy -After years of guilt, Captain McVay committed suicide in 1968 -In 2001, Captain McVay was exonerated and the court-martial removed from his record -Felt hurt that Captain McVay was tried and found guilty -He was a fine captain and did everything he possibly could -Note: Commander Hashimoto of the I-58 said Cpt. McVay couldn’t have avoided the torpedoes -He was a good man and he gladly served under him (00:50:10) Life after the War -Got married on May 4, 1946 -Married for 62 years -Had a son and a daughter -Worked for a brewer for three years -Got a job with a beer distribution company -Drove truck for them for seven years -Worked as a manager for 28 years -Has five great-grandchildren (00:54:45) Public Awareness of the USS Indianapolis Pt. 1 -The movie, Jaws, was the first major public exposure of the sinking of the USS Indianapolis -People started to ask him about the sinking after seeing the movie -He saw the movie -Captain Quint’s story about the sinking was pretty accurate (00:56:12) Reunions -Went to the first survivors’ reunion in 1960 -Remembers the men saluting Captain McVay when he arrived -May have given Captain McVay a ride to the reunion from the airport, but doesn’t remember (00:56:53) Exoneration of Captain McVay -Wonderful news when he heard about Captain McVay’s exoneration in 2001 -Survivors tried so hard, for so long to get his record cleared -Sorry that Captain McVay wasn’t alive to see it happen -Feels that the hate mail he received contributed to his suicide in 1968 (00:57:55) Public Awareness of the USS Indianapolis Pt. 2 -Believes that people didn’t pay attention to the Indianapolis because it happened at the end of the war -Media focused on the end of the war -Feels that Hunter Scott (an 11 year old student), brought attention to the sinking -Also helped with Captain McVay’s exoneration -Reunions help with public awareness -Survivors didn’t talk about the sinking until other people started asking about it -Finds that people still tend to confuse the Indianapolis with the USS Arizona (sunk at Pearl Harbor) -Believes that the sinking of the Indianapolis should be part of the US history curriculum -He goes to schools to talk about the sinking -Thinks that Sara Vladic’s documentary will bring awareness to the sinking -Glad the someone took such an interest in the USS Indianapolis -He was interviewed by National Geographic about the sinking (01:05:58) Search for the Wreck -At the 70th anniversary reunion, Robert Ballard expressed interest in searching for the wreck -Famous for discovering the wreck of the Titanic -Louis hopes that Dr. Ballard can find it and see what, if anything, is left of the ship -Also get some closure about the remains of the men that went down with the ship �(01:07:42) USS Indianapolis Memorial -Interviewer plans on erecting an Indianapolis memorial in Lansing, Michigan -Commemorating the 50 Michigan sailors that served on the USS Indianapolis -Hopes it will bring more public awareness about the sinking � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context ErwinL1950V Title A name given to the resource Erwin, Louis (Interview outline and video), 2016 Description An account of the resource Louis Kayo Erwin Sr. was born in Dayton, Tennessee, on March 1, 1925. He grew up in Dayton then on a farm in Big Spring, Tennessee. When he was 16 he moved to Chattanooga, Tennessee, and enlisted in the Navy when he was 17 years old. He enlisted on December 20, 1942, and on December 26 he shipped out for basic training in San Diego. Louis initially received orders for the aircraft carrier USS Bunker Hill. He stayed on the Bunker Hill until summer 1943 when he joined the USS Indianapolis. He saw action at Tarawa, Saipan, Tinian, Guam, and Iwo Jima. In March 1945 the Indianapolis was struck by a kamikaze forcing them to return to the US for repairs. In July 1945 they received orders for a secret mission. On July 16, 1945, the atomic bomb components were loaded onto the USS Indianapolis at Hunters Point Naval Shipyard and they delivered the components on July 26, 1945 at Tinian. On July 30, the I-58 torpedoed and sank the USS Indianapolis. Louis and the other survivors had to endure exposure, shark attacks, and saltwater poisoning. On August 2 a seaplane spotted the survivors and they were rescued. Louis and only 316 other crewmen survived. After recovering on Peleliu and Guam he returned to the United States. He briefly served at Naval Amphibious Base Coronado before being discharged in late 1945. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Erwin, Louis Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Hammond, Steve (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Veterans Video recordings World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American United States. Navy Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="http://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-09-10 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/2eecfedc8cfa37591656e659e6b8f103.pdf d12f3dff5c57787a9ea83ddead024ef1 PDF Text Text Grand Valley's Johnson Center announces nation's first community philanthropy chair Posted on August 13, 2013 Grand Valley State University President Thomas J. Haas has announced the establishment of a new faculty chair position focused on community philanthropy within Grand Valley’s Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy. “We are tremendously grateful for the opportunity to establish the first chair in community philanthropy in the country,” Haas said. “The Johnson Center is one of the nation’s largest university-based philanthropic centers, and this gift enables it to continue its history of excellence and expand its outreach to communities.” The W.K. Kellogg Community Philanthropy Chair will honor the legacy of philanthropy and civic investment of W.K. Kellogg, founder of the Kellogg Company and W.K. Kellogg Foundation in Battle Creek, Michigan. The chair was established with a $1.5 million gift from the W.K. Kellogg Foundation and the Kellogg Company 25-Year Employees’ Fund. The individual who will assume the new chair position at Grand Valley will help communities understand their philanthropic landscape and emerging best practices. It is anticipated that partners will include private and corporate donors and the non-profit sector. “This is a distinctive chair for the field of philanthropy,” said James Edwards II, director of the Johnson Center. “With the addition of this chair, along with the existing Frey Chair for Family Philanthropy, the Johnson Center and Grand Valley are contributing transformational resources, research, and expertise to the sector.” The Johnson Center is an Academic Center at Grand Valley State University that works locally, nationally, and internationally with foundations, other grantmakers and nonprofits to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the charitable sector. http://www.gvsu.edu/gvnow/index.htm?articleId=B156264D-F337-E05A-D2F629589AFB146A&print=true � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Our State of Generosity Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Description An account of the resource Collection contains the records of four Michigan nonprofit organizations: Council of Michigan Foundations, Michigan Nonprofit Association, Michigan Community Service Commission, and the Johnson Center for Philanthropy at GVSU. The documents are compiled by the Johnson Center for Philanthropy, and records document the history of the organizations from the 1960s to the 2010s. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1968-2014 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Council of Michigan Foundations Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Community Service Commission Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Council of Michigan Foundations; Michigan Nonprofit Association; Michigan Community Service Commission Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04 Language A language of the resource eng Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04_OSOG_JCP_2013-08-13_Kellogg-Community-Philanthropy-Chair Title A name given to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy 2013-08-13 Kellogg Community Philanthropy Chair Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49407 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-08-13 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/e554839c112fc1e6448824bd129af405.pdf ac5d4602335e9b75f9d621804f9173c6 PDF Text Text Grand Valley announces publication of new philanthropy journal Posted on February 06, 2008 GRAND RAPIDS, Mich.— The Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership at Grand Valley State University announces a new peer-reviewed journal for philanthropy, The Foundation Review. “The field of philanthropy has grown increasingly professionalized over the past 20 years,” said Kathy Agard, executive director of the Johnson Center. “The time is now ripe to take another step in the development of the field by launching a journal devoted specifically to improving foundation philanthropy. We believe a peer-reviewed journal can help build the field’s knowledge base on both the science and the art of philanthropy.” Joel J. Orosz, founding director of The Grantmaking School and distinguished professor of Philanthropic Studies at the Johnson Center, sees The Foundation Review as “a practical tool for the thoughtful philanthropist and philanthropic professional. We want this to be the ‘journal of record’ for the field, rigorous and impartial, but accessible in style and written for practitioners.” The editor-in-chief is Teresa Behrens, the former director of evaluation for the W.K. Kellogg Foundation. Behrens is a loaned executive to Grand Valley, helping launch The Foundation Review. The W.K. Kellogg Foundation in Battle Creek, Michigan, has also provided a planning grant to help develop the business plan. Behrens said The Foundation Review will be a quarterly journal, with each year emphasizing an overall theme and each issue focused on a particular topic within that theme. The theme for the first year is “community change.” The first issue will concentrate on comprehensive community initiatives; publication is slated for late 2008. “Learning more about what is happening in the arena of social change — what works and what doesn’t — is one of the best ways to improve our effectiveness,” said Jim McHale, Kellogg Foundation senior vice president for programs. “There is a real hunger for learning from the experiences of others, yet there have been few mechanisms to promote that exchange of information. In keeping with our mission of encouraging the practical application of knowledge, we welcome the opportunity to support the launch of this important publication.” BACKGROUND: The Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership began in 1992 as a multidisciplinary, university-wide center developed with the support of the W.K. Kellogg Foundation and Grand Valley State University. In 1999, the center was renamed in honor of Dorothy A. Johnson’s superb contributions to the growth and development of Michigan’s philanthropic and nonprofit sectors since the early 1970s. The Johnson Center’s divisions are the Nonprofit Leadership Institute, the Community Research Institute and The Grantmaking School. The center continues to be an asset to the Grand Valley State University community through its Faculty Service Learning Grants, the Dorothy A. Johnson Library and Archives Collection, and http://www.gvsu.edu/gvnow/index.htm?articleId=F9FC6056-DD9C-7F2F-53B64CBCE43BA85E&print=true �partnerships with the School of Public and Nonprofit Administration and the Community Service Learning Center. Grand Valley State University, established in 1960, is a four-year public university. It attracts more than 23,000 students with its high quality programs and state-of-the-art facilities. Grand Valley provides a fully accredited undergraduate and graduate liberal education and has campuses in Allendale, Grand Rapids and Holland, and centers in Muskegon and Traverse City. Grand Valley is the comprehensive regional university for the state’s second largest metropolitan area and offers 69 undergraduate and 26 graduate degree programs. The university is dedicated to individual student achievement, going beyond the traditional classroom experience, with research opportunities and business partnerships. Grand Valley employs more than 1,750 people and is committed to providing a fair and equitable environment for the continued success of all. For more information, contact Teri Behrens at behrenst@gvsu.edu or (734) 646-2874. http://www.gvsu.edu/gvnow/index.htm?articleId=F9FC6056-DD9C-7F2F-53B64CBCE43BA85E&print=true � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Our State of Generosity Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Description An account of the resource Collection contains the records of four Michigan nonprofit organizations: Council of Michigan Foundations, Michigan Nonprofit Association, Michigan Community Service Commission, and the Johnson Center for Philanthropy at GVSU. The documents are compiled by the Johnson Center for Philanthropy, and records document the history of the organizations from the 1960s to the 2010s. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1968-2014 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Council of Michigan Foundations Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Community Service Commission Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Council of Michigan Foundations; Michigan Nonprofit Association; Michigan Community Service Commission Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04 Language A language of the resource eng Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04_OSOG_JCP_2008-02-06_The-Foundation-Review Title A name given to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy 2008-02-06 The Foundation Review Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49406 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2008-02-06 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/d866b57ad80f67469cc9f71aa2127126.pdf 3d4788aa236e36604dfa2b5c0f814401 PDF Text Text Grand Valley State establishes nation's first endowed family foundation chair Posted on April 26, 2006 ALLENDALE, Mich. -- The tremendous power of some 32,000 charitable family foundations and their billions of grant dollars will begin to be harnessed more effectively thanks to the establishment of the nation's first endowed chair focusing on family philanthropy. The Frey Foundation is pledging $1.5 million to Grand Valley State University's Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership to establish this chair which will lead to a pioneering program of study on family foundations and how they are led and managed to help society. "Few institutions in American life are so vitally important, and so poorly understood, as family foundations," said Joel J. Orosz, interim executive director of the Johnson Center. "The Frey Foundation's bold gift will allow the Johnson Center to identify their keys to success, and most importantly, to find ways to enhance their beneficial impact upon society." The Frey Foundation has made its pledge as a challenge to help the university raise $5 million in endowment for the Johnson Center. The university's campaign for the center has raised $3.5 million toward this goal. To meet this challenge, the university will need to raise the remaining $1.5 million. In many American communities, family foundations define and enhance the quality of human life. More than 32,000 family foundations provide critical assistance to America's 1.2 million nonprofit organizations, supporting their programs in health care, education, human services, religion, arts and culture, and the environment. In 2003, the top 50 family foundations in Michigan awarded more than $885 million in grants. This represents 74 percent of the $1.2 billion given by all types of Michigan foundations in 2003. A distinguished scholar-practitioner will be selected as the new Frey Foundation chair. That person will take the lead on this innovative program, which will research family foundation formation and grantmaking practices, and teach effective operating techniques to family foundation trustees. "We believe the Johnson Center holds the promise to be the premiere university center of its kind in the nation," said David Frey, chairman of the board of trustees of the Frey Foundation. "Exploring and understanding the role of private family foundations is critical to the Johnson Center's mission. This challenge grant from the Frey Foundation should do much to acknowledge and promote the increasing importance of family foundations in the realm of philanthropy. It is our hope that thoughtful and effective philanthropy will benefit from the skills and focus the new Frey chair can provide." Relatively few universities have programs for the study of philanthropy and nonprofit leadership recognized by the Nonprofit Academic Centers Council. The Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership is one of the oldest of these centers, having been founded in 1992, with major support from the W.K. Kellogg Foundation. It is considered one of the top institutions in the nation for helping nonprofit organizations and foundations work more effectively through the use of best management practices and better access to research data. This is the second fully endowed chair for Grand Valley State University announced this year. "These chairs signal Grand Valley's growing academic maturity and commitment to academic rigor and innovation," said http://www.gvsu.edu/gvnow/index.htm?articleId=D7BA7E76-06DB-AE45-24C94F6C0262E787&print=true �Mark A. Murray, president of Grand Valley. *We applaud the Frey Foundation and the Frey family for their vision, leadership and generosity." A nationwide search for the person to fill the Frey Foundation chair will commence as soon as possible. Orosz noted the position will require an unusual combination of skills and background (scholarship, family foundation experience, teaching ability and record of community service). Due to the unprecedented nature of the position, the center will look in a wide range of settings for the right candidate to launch this new field of study. Grand Valley State University, established in 1960, is a four-year public university. It attracts more than 22,000 students with its high quality programs and state-of-the-art facilities. Grand Valley provides a fully accredited liberal arts undergraduate and graduate education and has campuses in Allendale, Grand Rapids, and Holland and centers in Muskegon and Traverse City. Grand Valley is the comprehensive regional university for the state's second largest metropolitan area and offers 69 undergraduate and 25 graduate degree programs. The Frey Foundation, based in Grand Rapids, is one of Michigan's largest family foundations. Grants are provided primarily to nonprofit organizations in western Michigan for projects to enhance children's development, protect natural resources, promote the arts and expand philanthropic and civic action. The Frey Foundation was established in 1972 and was permanently endowed in 1988 from the estate of the late Edward J. and Frances T. Frey. For more information visit the following Web sites: www.gvsu.edu, www.johnsoncenter.org, www.freyfdn.org. For interviews, contact GVSU's News and Information Services office at (616) 331-2221, and Milton Rohwer, Frey Foundation (616) 451-4561. http://www.gvsu.edu/gvnow/index.htm?articleId=D7BA7E76-06DB-AE45-24C94F6C0262E787&print=true � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Our State of Generosity Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Description An account of the resource Collection contains the records of four Michigan nonprofit organizations: Council of Michigan Foundations, Michigan Nonprofit Association, Michigan Community Service Commission, and the Johnson Center for Philanthropy at GVSU. The documents are compiled by the Johnson Center for Philanthropy, and records document the history of the organizations from the 1960s to the 2010s. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1968-2014 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Council of Michigan Foundations Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Community Service Commission Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Council of Michigan Foundations; Michigan Nonprofit Association; Michigan Community Service Commission Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04 Language A language of the resource eng Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04_OSOG_JCP_2006-04-26_Frey-Family-Foundation-Chair Title A name given to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy 2006-04-26 Frey Family Foundation Chair Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49405 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006-04-26 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/2b97927231e810b74de027a2e34c0fa9.pdf cf5ce013057d4e6bc2c99a061b4936af PDF Text Text Johnson Center for Philanthropy receives $1 million grant Posted on May 31, 2005 GRAND RAPIDS, Mich. -- The Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership at Grand Valley State University has received a $1 million grant from The Herbert H. and Grace A. Dow Foundation. It is a leadership gift for the $3 million Growing the Greater Good Endowment Campaign for the Johnson Center. "This generous grant is focused to identify and disseminate the best practices of the nonprofit community," said Mark A. Murray, president of Grand Valley. "It is a vital sector for overall community health. This grant ensures we can share the lessons of those who are doing outstanding work, so that other groups can have an even bigger impact." Grand Valley State University was the first university in Michigan, and among the first in the nation to establish a formal academic center for research, teaching and public service in philanthropy, volunteerism and nonprofit management. The Johnson Center is the only academic center for the study of philanthropy of its size and scope in the state of Michigan. It is in the top tier of academic centers for the study of philanthropy, volunteerism and nonprofit management in the nation. "The Johnson Center has already become known as an organization that utilizes known information and practices to make the nonprofit community more effective," said Margaret Ann (Ranny) Riecker, president of The Herbert H. and Grace A. Dow Foundation. "This grant will enable the Johnson Center to continue its good work and help them promote their concepts of 'smarter giving' and 'better performance.'" The grant money will provide initial funding for an endowment to support the operations and programs of the Johnson Center in the university and the community. One way the Johnson Center impacts students is through American Humanics, an award-winning certificate program at Grand Valley for undergraduates from all academic majors who are interested in working with nonprofits after graduation. Stephanie Miller already knew she had a passion for service when she joined American Humanics. For two years she had been commuting between Grand Valley and her hometown of Lansing to work with Listening Ear, a volunteer crisis center. Stephanie's passion for service was soon demonstrated within the American Humanics program. Acting as the American Humanics Management Institute liaison, she provided information and logistical support to Grand Valley students attending the national AH conference. She also participated in many fundraising activities associated with the conference and was an active volunteer with the AH group. Stephanie did all this while completing her bachelor's degree in political science, continuing her work with Listening Ear and working at the City of Grand Rapid's information desk. Stephanie plans to launch her career with international nonprofit work this fall when she will travel to Southeast Asia with the Peace Corps for a two year placement. The Johnson Center also provides financial support to various university programs including Student Life for its student volunteer program, the College of Education for the Learning to Give program, and to faculty members to add service learning components to their classes. http://www.gvsu.edu/gvnow/index.htm?articleId=337EF438-C6C5-97C8-E3E7AC9F62C45263&print=true �Three components of the Johnson Center are already national leaders and models: Community Research Institute, The Grantmaking School and the Nonprofit Good Practice Guide. The Community Research Institute (CRI) provides nonprofit leaders and philanthropic organizations with information that allows them to make decisions based on community-specific data that measures actual needs. The institute has worked with several organizations including Head Start, Women's Resource Center, Kentwood Public Schools, Grand Rapids Community Foundation, W.K. Kellogg Foundation and the Frey Foundation. The Grantmaking School is the first university-based program in the nation to teach skills of advanced grantmaking to foundation program officers, who recommend where scarce grant dollars should be allocated. The Nonprofit Good Practice Guide is on the World Wide Web to provide answers to questions about any aspect of philanthropy, volunteerism and nonprofit management (www.npgoodpractice.org). Launched in May, the $3 million Growing the Greater Good Endowment Campaign for the Johnson Center is co-chaired by Margaret Ann Riecker and David G. Frey, senior vice president of Bank One. The campaign is advised by an honorary committee of 25 nonprofit, philanthropic and community leaders. "We are deeply appreciative for this generous gift from the Dow Foundation," said Donna VanIwaarden, director of the Johnson Center. "It will help support our research that has practical application in our local community and programs that provide a strong connection with the students of Grand Valley." http://www.gvsu.edu/gvnow/index.htm?articleId=337EF438-C6C5-97C8-E3E7AC9F62C45263&print=true � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Our State of Generosity Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Description An account of the resource Collection contains the records of four Michigan nonprofit organizations: Council of Michigan Foundations, Michigan Nonprofit Association, Michigan Community Service Commission, and the Johnson Center for Philanthropy at GVSU. The documents are compiled by the Johnson Center for Philanthropy, and records document the history of the organizations from the 1960s to the 2010s. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1968-2014 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Council of Michigan Foundations Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Community Service Commission Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Council of Michigan Foundations; Michigan Nonprofit Association; Michigan Community Service Commission Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04 Language A language of the resource eng Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04_OSOG_JCP_2005-05-31_Nonprofit-Services-Dow-Grant Title A name given to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy 2005-05-31 Nonprofit Services Dow grant Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49404 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2005-05-31 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/7e65e1e51bdd6bba507c058448473590.pdf ad184509897e8249be8fc0226e231dcc PDF Text Text Philanthropy center celebrates Posted on November 06, 2002 Grand Valley's Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership celebrated its first decade with a significant new contribution from the foundation that helped it get started 10 years ago. The Johnson Center's 10th anniversary celebration held this week coincided with the presentation by the W.K. Kellogg Foundation of a $2.9 million grant for a new knowledge management initiative at the center. William C. Richardson, CEO of the Kellogg Foundation, formalized the new grant with an oversized check presented to Grand Valley President Mark A. Murray. Special guests also included Dorothy A. Johnson. The funding enables the Johnson Center to develop a new initiative to organize and disseminate information for the nonprofit sector. This new knowledge management initiative, directed by Distinguished Professor Joel J. Orosz, has already established the online Nonprofit Good Practice Guide (www.nonprofitbasics.org) and will be establishing a new grantmaking school to train foundation program directors across the country. The Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership was established in 1992 with support from the Kellogg Foundation. Since then the center has worked with faculty members to develop curriculum in nonprofit studies, promote service-learning and volunteerism, and conduct research to benefit the nonprofit sector. 'We've accomplished a great deal in our first 10 years, thanks in large part to our partnerships with the Kellogg Foundation and the Grand Rapids Community Foundation,' said Donna VanIwaarden, director of the Johnson Center. 'This support has allowed us to move to the forefront of this new and tremendously important field of study.' In 1999 the center was named in honor of Dorothy A. Johnson, president emeritus of the Council of Michigan Foundations and current chair of the GVSU Board of Trustees. At that time, the center also received an outstanding philanthropic studies library along with an endowment for its upkeep from the Council of Michigan Foundations. http://www.gvsu.edu/gvnow/index.htm?articleId=B74F957B-CF04-F2B3-6C190FE3BB18D135&print=true � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Our State of Generosity Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Description An account of the resource Collection contains the records of four Michigan nonprofit organizations: Council of Michigan Foundations, Michigan Nonprofit Association, Michigan Community Service Commission, and the Johnson Center for Philanthropy at GVSU. The documents are compiled by the Johnson Center for Philanthropy, and records document the history of the organizations from the 1960s to the 2010s. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1968-2014 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Council of Michigan Foundations Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Community Service Commission Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Council of Michigan Foundations; Michigan Nonprofit Association; Michigan Community Service Commission Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04 Language A language of the resource eng Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04_OSOG_JCP_2002-11-06_Establishment-of-The-Grantmaking-School Title A name given to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy 2002-11-06 establishment of The Grantmaking School Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49403 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002-11-06 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/88838e6dec934228509cb1a06b0e8f93.pdf 537d5a08066028e39b29951331efb18c PDF Text Text Community bond Posted on December 05, 2000 Addressing local and regional issues like poverty, racism, health care access, family stability and education will be easier when a planned clearinghouse of social data about the greater Grand Rapids community is established. The Grand Rapids Community Foundation and GVSU have joined forces to create the Community Research Institute, which will be housed in the DeVos Center's Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy. The foundation has committed $250,000 for start-up costs for the Community Research Institute. Additional amounts could be available in each of the next two years, for a total investment of $750,000. The institute will employ two full-time researchers with expertise in social sciences or community development, associate researchers, faculty consultants, graduate assistants, student interns and clerical support. The staff is expected to be in place by spring. We need to base our efforts on credible data, said Diana Sieger, foundation president. Businesses take great pains to base their activities on market research. Social data is vital to the entire community. We need to know where there are needs and also to have a way to measure and evaluate the success of what we do. In addition to driving foundation activities, the institute will be a resource for other organizations and offer recommendations on public policy to government agencies and elected officials. Donna VanIwaarden, director of the Johnson Center for Philanthropy and director of the institute, said because Grand Valley is primarily a teaching institution, faculty members have limited time to devote to research. Currently, community organizations have difficulty finding local expertise and solid data on specific issues, she said. This institute will be one-stop shopping for data about our community. http://www.gvsu.edu/gvnow/index.htm?articleId=B74F82A2-9304-980D-FBCFAE3E2E696BA0&print=true � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Our State of Generosity Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Description An account of the resource Collection contains the records of four Michigan nonprofit organizations: Council of Michigan Foundations, Michigan Nonprofit Association, Michigan Community Service Commission, and the Johnson Center for Philanthropy at GVSU. The documents are compiled by the Johnson Center for Philanthropy, and records document the history of the organizations from the 1960s to the 2010s. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1968-2014 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Council of Michigan Foundations Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Community Service Commission Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Council of Michigan Foundations; Michigan Nonprofit Association; Michigan Community Service Commission Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04 Language A language of the resource eng Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04_OSOG_JCP_2000-12-05_Creation-of-Community-Research-Institute Title A name given to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy 2000-12-05 creation of Community Research Institute Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49402 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2000-12-05 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/164a84813d922dc637315515c10852af.pdf 6d39feaed83f7183a09e62c1d7db87e6 PDF Text Text Philanthropy Center Named for Johnson Posted on November 05, 1999 The Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership at Grand Valley State University has been named for Dorothy Johnson, who just after 25 years as president and CEO of the Grand Haven based Council of Michigan Foundations (CMF). GVSU President Arend D. Lubbers announced the official new name of the Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership at CMF's annual meeting in Grand Rapids recently. CMF is the nation's largest association of family foundations, philanthropic organizations and corporate giving programs. Johnson, of Grand Haven, is the founding president of CMF and a longtime GVSU supporter and current vice chair of the GVSU Board of Control. Johnson is also a member of the Board of Directors of the Kellogg Company, National City Bankcorp, and the W.K. Kellogg Foundation. CMF is giving its own substantial library, presently housed at CMF headquarters in Grand Haven, to GVSU. The library, which will provide GVSU students with one of the country's most complete collections dealing with philanthropy and related subjects, will be relocated to GVSU's Grand Rapids campus. A $500,000 endowment gift to GVSU from CMF will be used to maintain, expand and permanently house the collection. http://www.gvsu.edu/gvnow/index.htm?articleId=B74F8FBF-DA57-421F-DFCEB9E9442DB9DA&print=true � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Our State of Generosity Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Description An account of the resource Collection contains the records of four Michigan nonprofit organizations: Council of Michigan Foundations, Michigan Nonprofit Association, Michigan Community Service Commission, and the Johnson Center for Philanthropy at GVSU. The documents are compiled by the Johnson Center for Philanthropy, and records document the history of the organizations from the 1960s to the 2010s. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1968-2014 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Council of Michigan Foundations Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Community Service Commission Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Council of Michigan Foundations; Michigan Nonprofit Association; Michigan Community Service Commission Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04 Language A language of the resource eng Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04_OSOG_JCP_1999-11-05_Philanthropy-Center-Named-for-Johnson Title A name given to the resource Johnson Center for Philanthropy 1999-11-05 Philanthropy Center Named for Johnson Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1999-11-05 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/ef9fdd6546d01f948d5275db26005e03.jpg 0733b9746232ffebbf484deb592f32d1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Our State of Generosity Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Description An account of the resource Collection contains the records of four Michigan nonprofit organizations: Council of Michigan Foundations, Michigan Nonprofit Association, Michigan Community Service Commission, and the Johnson Center for Philanthropy at GVSU. The documents are compiled by the Johnson Center for Philanthropy, and records document the history of the organizations from the 1960s to the 2010s. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1968-2014 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Council of Michigan Foundations Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Community Service Commission Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Council of Michigan Foundations; Michigan Nonprofit Association; Michigan Community Service Commission Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04 Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04_MNA_PS_Victoria-Heerlyn-Upjohn-Company Title A name given to the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Victoria Heerlyn Upjohn Company Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Description An account of the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Victoria Heerlyn Upjohn Company. Records are compiled in the Our State of Generosity collection by the Johnson Center, along with the files of the Michigan Nonprofit Association (MNA), the Michigan Community Service Commission (MCSC) and the Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy. Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49494 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/1638a967b7e82c42e0506763954a36a4.jpg 2fac50f71929e9aba615b099902cdbe4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Our State of Generosity Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Description An account of the resource Collection contains the records of four Michigan nonprofit organizations: Council of Michigan Foundations, Michigan Nonprofit Association, Michigan Community Service Commission, and the Johnson Center for Philanthropy at GVSU. The documents are compiled by the Johnson Center for Philanthropy, and records document the history of the organizations from the 1960s to the 2010s. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1968-2014 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Council of Michigan Foundations Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Community Service Commission Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Council of Michigan Foundations; Michigan Nonprofit Association; Michigan Community Service Commission Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04 Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04_MNA_PS_Sandy-Katt Title A name given to the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Sandy Katt Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Description An account of the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Sandy Katt. Records are compiled in the Our State of Generosity collection by the Johnson Center, along with the files of the Michigan Nonprofit Association (MNA), the Michigan Community Service Commission (MCSC) and the Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy. Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49493 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c10ef673464c22e402a778e5aaa2823f.jpg f2f52db6df40430e89a405d9681d46d1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Our State of Generosity Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Description An account of the resource Collection contains the records of four Michigan nonprofit organizations: Council of Michigan Foundations, Michigan Nonprofit Association, Michigan Community Service Commission, and the Johnson Center for Philanthropy at GVSU. The documents are compiled by the Johnson Center for Philanthropy, and records document the history of the organizations from the 1960s to the 2010s. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1968-2014 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Council of Michigan Foundations Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Community Service Commission Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Council of Michigan Foundations; Michigan Nonprofit Association; Michigan Community Service Commission Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04 Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04_MNA_PS_Sam-Singh-Studio Title A name given to the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Sam Singh studio Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Description An account of the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Sam Singh studio. Records are compiled in the Our State of Generosity collection by the Johnson Center, along with the files of the Michigan Nonprofit Association (MNA), the Michigan Community Service Commission (MCSC) and the Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy. Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49492 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/127fd7ebba59890c2e77b3522797e34e.jpg 10245f91f68f2201fc78b4c1f921c2fe Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Our State of Generosity Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Description An account of the resource Collection contains the records of four Michigan nonprofit organizations: Council of Michigan Foundations, Michigan Nonprofit Association, Michigan Community Service Commission, and the Johnson Center for Philanthropy at GVSU. The documents are compiled by the Johnson Center for Philanthropy, and records document the history of the organizations from the 1960s to the 2010s. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1968-2014 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Council of Michigan Foundations Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Community Service Commission Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Council of Michigan Foundations; Michigan Nonprofit Association; Michigan Community Service Commission Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04 Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04_MNA_PS_Sam-Singh-MNA-Speaking Title A name given to the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Sam Singh MNA speaking Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Description An account of the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Sam Singh MNA speaking. Records are compiled in the Our State of Generosity collection by the Johnson Center, along with the files of the Michigan Nonprofit Association (MNA), the Michigan Community Service Commission (MCSC) and the Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy. Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49491 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4b42e558d0eff00f7ea597c1e61ccb7c.jpg 898392b2e3379ed3d6ab6ef6be02b0e0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Our State of Generosity Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Description An account of the resource Collection contains the records of four Michigan nonprofit organizations: Council of Michigan Foundations, Michigan Nonprofit Association, Michigan Community Service Commission, and the Johnson Center for Philanthropy at GVSU. The documents are compiled by the Johnson Center for Philanthropy, and records document the history of the organizations from the 1960s to the 2010s. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1968-2014 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Council of Michigan Foundations Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Community Service Commission Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Council of Michigan Foundations; Michigan Nonprofit Association; Michigan Community Service Commission Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04 Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04_MNA_PS_Sam-Singh Title A name given to the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Sam Singh Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Description An account of the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Sam Singh. Records are compiled in the Our State of Generosity collection by the Johnson Center, along with the files of the Michigan Nonprofit Association (MNA), the Michigan Community Service Commission (MCSC) and the Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy. Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49490 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/151b7f1a11175198e501477eda640add.jpg 64d238506a529ec0daaac01b1b192643 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Our State of Generosity Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Description An account of the resource Collection contains the records of four Michigan nonprofit organizations: Council of Michigan Foundations, Michigan Nonprofit Association, Michigan Community Service Commission, and the Johnson Center for Philanthropy at GVSU. The documents are compiled by the Johnson Center for Philanthropy, and records document the history of the organizations from the 1960s to the 2010s. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1968-2014 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Council of Michigan Foundations Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Community Service Commission Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Council of Michigan Foundations; Michigan Nonprofit Association; Michigan Community Service Commission Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04 Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04_MNA_PS_Russ-Mawby-Dave-Egner-and-Gov-John-Engler Title A name given to the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Russ Mawby Dave Egner and Governor John Engler Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Description An account of the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Russ Mawby Dave Egner and Governor John Engler. Records are compiled in the Our State of Generosity collection by the Johnson Center, along with the files of the Michigan Nonprofit Association (MNA), the Michigan Community Service Commission (MCSC) and the Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy. Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49489 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/3edf35bcf488998996ad6d223d9e2bd2.jpg 118f47991a35c8ed6c17c1448e45daa4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Our State of Generosity Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Description An account of the resource Collection contains the records of four Michigan nonprofit organizations: Council of Michigan Foundations, Michigan Nonprofit Association, Michigan Community Service Commission, and the Johnson Center for Philanthropy at GVSU. The documents are compiled by the Johnson Center for Philanthropy, and records document the history of the organizations from the 1960s to the 2010s. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1968-2014 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Council of Michigan Foundations Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Community Service Commission Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Council of Michigan Foundations; Michigan Nonprofit Association; Michigan Community Service Commission Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04 Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04_MNA_PS_Russ-Mawby-and-John-Engler-GGS-3 Title A name given to the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Russ Mawby and John Engler GGS 3 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Description An account of the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Russ Mawby and John Engler GGS 3. Records are compiled in the Our State of Generosity collection by the Johnson Center, along with the files of the Michigan Nonprofit Association (MNA), the Michigan Community Service Commission (MCSC) and the Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy. Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49488 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/1afbf5d703bc963175b7509261a8632a.jpg 40b8c88dcadb3a65630bbd68ff0e9c02 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Our State of Generosity Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Description An account of the resource Collection contains the records of four Michigan nonprofit organizations: Council of Michigan Foundations, Michigan Nonprofit Association, Michigan Community Service Commission, and the Johnson Center for Philanthropy at GVSU. The documents are compiled by the Johnson Center for Philanthropy, and records document the history of the organizations from the 1960s to the 2010s. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1968-2014 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Council of Michigan Foundations Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Community Service Commission Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Council of Michigan Foundations; Michigan Nonprofit Association; Michigan Community Service Commission Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04 Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04_MNA_PS_Russ-Mawby-and-John-Engler-GGS-2 Title A name given to the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Russ Mawby and John Engler GGS 2 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Description An account of the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Russ Mawby and John Engler GGS 2. Records are compiled in the Our State of Generosity collection by the Johnson Center, along with the files of the Michigan Nonprofit Association (MNA), the Michigan Community Service Commission (MCSC) and the Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy. Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49487 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/01e78d4e3d9350753ec262da67dc1077.jpg e0c8acfa4bb5fe35cc547b2bb408ecaf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Our State of Generosity Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Description An account of the resource Collection contains the records of four Michigan nonprofit organizations: Council of Michigan Foundations, Michigan Nonprofit Association, Michigan Community Service Commission, and the Johnson Center for Philanthropy at GVSU. The documents are compiled by the Johnson Center for Philanthropy, and records document the history of the organizations from the 1960s to the 2010s. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1968-2014 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Council of Michigan Foundations Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Community Service Commission Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Council of Michigan Foundations; Michigan Nonprofit Association; Michigan Community Service Commission Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04 Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context JCPA-04_MNA_PS_Russ-Mawby-and-John-Engler-GGS Title A name given to the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Russ Mawby and John Engler GGS Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Description An account of the resource Michigan Nonprofit Association Russ Mawby and John Engler GGS. Records are compiled in the Our State of Generosity collection by the Johnson Center, along with the files of the Michigan Nonprofit Association (MNA), the Michigan Community Service Commission (MCSC) and the Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy. Subject The topic of the resource Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy Charities Philanthropy and Society Fundraising Records Michigan Nonprofit Association Michigan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49486 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/515">Our State of Generosity collection, JCPA-04</a>