342 24 26018 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/da7233ce87f60a2fcf7caff818ca96a6.jpg f6785fece4626a3b3f040af3cbd2f8ae Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_J254-0031 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1969-07-26 Title A name given to the resource General Learning Press interiors, New York City Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of an interior view of General Learning Press as designed by the firm, Related Designs, in New York, New York. In the photograph, an octagon-shaped conference table and chairs are featured in a conference room. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Interior decoration--New York (State)--New York Interior decoration firms--New York (State)--New York Publishers and publishing--New York (State)--New York New York (N.Y.) Midcentury modern (Architecture) Office furniture Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0f090ac374f79a6cb4e942c14e1204ec.jpg fef4c9701c4a9c5b723f9f90011eac56 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_J255-0034 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1969-07-26 Title A name given to the resource General Learning Press interiors, New York City Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of an interior view of General Learning Press as designed by the firm, Related Designs, in New York, New York. In the photograph, two directional plaques are posted on an office wall with the General Learning logo on one and an arrow pointing toward the "Educational Services Division" on the other. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Interior decoration--New York (State)--New York Interior decoration firms--New York (State)--New York Publishers and publishing--New York (State)--New York New York (N.Y.) Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b235a480eab7465c558d26fbcc04af80.jpg a1bd61345421db286dc3f7c5f5cdf5e4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_J255-0044 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1969-07-26 Title A name given to the resource General Learning Press interiors, New York City Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of an interior view of General Learning Press as designed by the firm, Related Designs, in New York, New York. In the photograph, a group of semi-private office cubicles are featured in the office space. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Interior decoration--New York (State)--New York Interior decoration firms--New York (State)--New York Publishers and publishing--New York (State)--New York New York (N.Y.) Midcentury modern (Architecture) Office furniture Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0771f8e665d2e474fc2a59749dbe0507.pdf c78ae394cbefeaf231c1c0a2c3a6ddf8 PDF Text Text ..., PARTl INTRODUCTION A primary responsibility of the Webster Township Planning Commission is to prepare and adopt a basic plan as a guide for the future development of the Township. (Township Planning Commission Act, Act 168, P.A. 1959, as amended.) This General Plan is a fulfillment of that responsibility and, it is hoped, will serve as well to promote a pleasant environment by providing guidelines for rational land in the future. The general plan is a strategy/policy type plan; that is, it describes the Planning Commission's strategies regarding the future of the Township and the policies that are intended to implement them. The strategies are aimed at the fundamental (or strategic) conditions that the Planning Commission expects the Township to face in the foreseeable future. Since the plan concentrates on strategies and policies, it follows that the plan is general in nature. That is, the plan shows how the Township expects to respond to various issues. On the other hand, the plan does not prescribe uses of specific parcels of land; it describes the intended uses of general areas. The plan is not a picture or "blue print" of the Township at the year 2015 and should not be interpreted in this fashion. Similarly, the plan does not state that a certain action will be taken at a future time. To give the plan either of these two characteristics would require that the Township make decisions today concerning future events, something that is impossible to do successfully and, if attempted, gives a plan an unworkable rigidity. The plan provides guidelines for making decisions or recommendations for individual parcels of land, specific public improvements, and similar questions that might arise at various times in the future. For example, the plan will provide the framework for Planning Commission recommendations on rezoning petitions and subdivision plats, and for Planning Commission decisions on site plans. Decisions will be made on a case-by-case basis at the time the questions arise, and within the context of the plan. The plan will be amended if the analyses involved in the decisions suggest that a change is appropriate. The plan is based on the premise that the future is uncertain and cannot be predicted; that current perception of future conditions will change. The major conditions affecting Webster Township will change over time, and strategies and policies appropriate to respond to them will have to be modified or replaced with new ones. The Planning Commission intends to periodically refine, add to, or otherwise modify the plan as events unfold. Changes in the plan might be in the form of restating, deleting, or adding to statements in the plan or they might be in the form of detailed policies for specific conditions or areas of the Township. These changes might result from analysis of a development proposal, a periodic review of the plan, or from a detailed study of a condition or area. This approach to the general plan can be viewed as a series of successive attempts to adapt the plan and the planning process to changing conditions. - 1- �In summary, the plan is an overall guide for decisions in the future. However, it must be emphasized that continual use of the planning process and not the general plan by itself will assure that the resulting decisions will be better than they would have been in the absence of the planning process. , -2- �PART2 CONDITIONS FOR PLANNING 2.01 Introduction- Conditions in and around Webster Township affect the future of the community. These conditions must be the focus of the general plan if the plan and the planning process are to be effective in helping the Township achieve its objectives. The following are the conditions that the Planning Commission finds, at this time, will be most important to the Township in the foreseeable future. These conditions will likely change over time and new conditions will arise. Amendment of the general plan will be in order when these events occur. 2.02 Regional Setting of the Township - There are six basic conditions that currently characterize the regional setting of Webster Township. A. Webster Township is adjacent to three growth and development corridors: 1) to the west, based on the Huron River and the lakes system; 2) to the south, in Scio Township, based on the 1-94/Jackson Road corridor and the Huron River Valley; and 3) to the north, in Livingston County, along the M-36 corridor. To date, the development pressures in these corridors have continued to spill over into Webster Township. B. The area to the east, in Northfield Township is experiencing continuous growth along US- 23. C. Neighboring communities, such as the Village of Dexter, City of Brighton and unincorporated Whitmore Lake provide for the commercial needs of Webster Township, with the City of Ann Arbor being the principle urban center for this area. As a result, the Township has no settled community within its boundaries to serve as a nucleus . D. There are no major highways in or abutting the Township. North Territorial Road is the only continuous major road in the Township but is not a true regional artery; however, it has attracted significant development pressure in the Township. E. Webster Township has become a growth area in Washtenaw County with a 50% increase in population during the past fifteen years. F. Webster Township is 10-12 minutes from downtown Ann Arbor, yet has a rural character: this has attracted many of the new residents. 2.03 Population Growth - Webster Township is experiencing an accelerating population growth over the past few years. Webster Township had a population of 787 people in 1940, and 2760 in 1980, and 4,141 in 1995. The change in population from 1980 to 1995 represents a 50% increase. Building permits for new home construction are approaching 100 per year. Current SEMCOG projections show population increases to 5,792 in 2010. If these projections are correct, the increase would be l 10%over the 30-year period. -3- �The future population increase will not require a large amount of new residential land, if the new housing units are located on smaller lots, such as one or two acre parcels. For example, if 40 percent of the new units are located on one-acre lots, 40 percent on twoacre lots, and 20 percent on ten-acre lots, the total new residential land area required would be approximately 4 square miles (4 sections). This estimate indicates two points: 1) that more than enough land is available (in the planning/zoning sense) in Webster Township for additional residential growth; and 2) that the major issue is one of locating that growth in the parts of the Township where residential use is the desired long-term use. 2.04 Webster Township has long been a major agricultural production area in Southeast Michigan since its organization as a township in the 1800's. Agriculture remained the major economic activity in the township well into the post World War II period. In recent years major changes have occurred in the local economy. Land values have increased rapidly, especially in areas of large tracts of farmland. Large-scale farming has been a declining industry in Washtenaw County and neighboring areas and, as a result, local agricultural services have been going out of business. The old farms are being divided into residential lots or are being sold for this eventual purpose. Residents are moving into previously farmed areas, creating conflicts with existing farming operations. Few successors are available to take over existing farms when the older farmers retire. Overall market conditions locally, nationally, and internationally have not been good, especially for family farmers. The neighboring urban centers, at one time major markets for local farmers, are now attractive as employment centers for people who want to live in the convenient "rural" area in Webster Township. As a result, large-scale family agriculture as we know it today has, at best, a limited and problematic future in Webster Township. Township policy is powerless to stop or significantly change these economic trends. Some farming operations are likely to continue, especially as interim uses. It is the intent of the Township to encourage this continuation of farming operations as areas evolve to higher residential use. Some limited farming, special niche product agriculture might even be more or less permanent. This type of agriculture can be encouraged. However, the long-term trend is conversion of old farms into residential developments over a long period of time. The policy issues before the Township are how to manage this conversion so that waste of land in the process is minimized, how to minimize conflicts between existing uses and new development, and how to retain some vestiges of rural character that has been created by the existence of the older farms. Privately owned central water and sanitary sewerage systems are not desirable because they would permit urban development (residential densities greater than one dwelling unit per acre) in an area that is rural in character, and where such densities would be incompatible with existing natural features and existing agricultural operations. Even more serious is the fact that the Township would have the ultimate responsibility for operating and maintaining a private, central system, in the event the owner would fail to do so. 2.05 Webster Township has had a distinctly rural character. This character was created -4- • �primarily by many family farms. As discussed in 2.04, the family farm is slowly disappearing from the scene. Yet township residents want to retain a rural character in the old farming areas. 1 2.06 Natural F eatures - Webster Township has extensive areas of natural features, consisting primarily of woods, stream corridors, and wet soil areas. These areas are important for their environmental value and for their contribution to the rural character of the Township. Therefore, these features should be a principal determinant of land use policy. These areas should be protected from unduly intensive human pressure by regulating the types and densities of uses that are permitted in fragile areas. Preservation of the continuity of stream corridors and related wooded and wet soil areas will be especially important. 2.07 Public Facilities - As noted, public facilities and services in Webster Township are scaled for a rural population and will continue to be rural in character in the foreseeable future. HCMA, Washtenaw County and Webster Township provide local public recreation facilities. Public schools located in neighboring communities provide ample capacity school facilities to serve the future projected population of the Township. There will be a need for increased fire fighting and police services. The Township Hall was replaced in 1996, on a much larger site; with provisions for housing two fire trucks. Additional space may be necessary for expansion in the future, 2.08 Urban Development - Urban Development is not considered to be desirable in Webster Township because of the current and future absence of public facilities and services scaled to urban needs, the desire to preserve the existing and historical rural character of the community, and other reasons already cited. Pressures for urban development, such as residential densities higher than one dwelling per acre, should be concentrated near the Village of Dexter, where the necessary public, commercial, and office facilities and services are readily available. Loch Alpine is considered, for the purposes of this plan, as an urban development because the net residential density is more than one dwelling per acre (15,000 square feet minimum lot size). Urban development pressure might occur around Loch Alpine in Webster Township because of the availability, albeit limited, of central water and sanitary sewer facilities. 2.09 Roads- The road system in Webster Township is a rural system. No road in the Township is a Class A road; therefore, all roads are subject to spring weight restrictions and are unsuited for heavy truck traffic (unless bonded). The Township has only one road of regional significance-North Territorial Road. Most roads in the Township are discontinuous; only North Territorial Road and Mast Road, in conjunction with Strawberry Lake Road, are continuous across the Township. Most roads are unpaved only two roads (North Territorial and Mast/Strawberry Lake Roads) and segments of two other roads (Huron River Drive, south of North Territorial Road, and Webster Church/Joy Road (west of Webster Church Road) are paved. Less than onehalf of the Township's total boundary has a Township line road, and the north boundary, common with Hamburg Township in Livingston County, has no - 5- �boundary line road at all, except for the east 1/4 mile (8 Mile Road). By engineering standards, traffic counts indicate that no serious traffic problems exist an exception is periodic high peak volumes on North Territorial Road. There are no major road improvements planned for Webster Township in the near future. These factors, together with the Township's location, suggest that vehicular traffic is becoming a planning concern for the Township. With the exception of North Territorial Road, outside traffic through the Township will not be a significant problem. Mast Road will continue to be important as an access route to Dexter. Similarly, Webster Church and Joy Roads, west of Webster Church Road, will continue to be important as an access route to Dexter, and to Ann Arbor, via Zeeb Road and Jackson Road/1-94. Barker Road, together with Webster Church, Valentine, and Merrill Roads as connecting roads, has potential to provide the northeast part of the Township with access to the Whitmore Lake community and the US-23 freeway. 2.10 Webster Township has a variety of historical features that are worthy of preservation. The historical base of the Township consists of buildings and farms. Gordon Hall in the southwest comer of the Township is of both architectural and historical significance. In addition, the south central area of the Township is developing as an area to showcase the history of the local area. Near the Webster Church Road and Farrell Road intersection were existing historically significant structures; the Webster Historical Society has moved three additional structures to this site: a blacksmith's shop, Podunk School, and the former Township Hall. This historical area blends well with the character of the adjacent rural and agricultural uses of this area. 2.11 Neighboring Land Use Policies - The land use policies and associated zoning regulations of adjacent municipalities have a major impact on land use planning and regulation in Webster Township. Scio Township, to the south, is perhaps most important in this regard, since Scio Township's land use policies and existing zoning regulations permit rural non-farm residences at lot sizes of 2 1/2 acres, Dexter Township permits rural residential lots of 1 acre and Northfield Township permits rural residential lots on 5 acres. 2.12 Industrial development, which is considered to be urban development, has some potential in the southwest comer of the Township and the Township is interested in expanding the industrial area northeast to the existing Detroit Edison right of way. -6- �PART3 PLANNING OBJECTIVES The following are the objectives of Webster Township that affect land use planning. The order of listing does not indicate or imply relative importance. 3.01 The rural character of the primary agricultural part of the township should be preserved. 3.02 The transition from a predominantly agricultural landscape to a primarily residential one should be carefully managed to minimize loss of open, undivided land. Areas of contiguous farmland, woodlots and open space should be encouraged. Farming should be encouraged as an interim use at least, and where feasible, as a longer-term use of the undivided open land that is retained. 3.03 The natural features of Webster Township - the wooded areas, steep slopes, wetlands and marshes, stream and river corridors, and groundwater recharge areas should be preserved, and should be protected from intrusion of incompatible uses, incompatible densities of development, and pollutants. Preservation and protection of these features are important to the ecological balance of the region and to the rural atmosphere of the Township. 3.04 Rural residential land should be conserved. Sprawl type development should be discouraged and excessively large minimum lot sizes should not be required. Open land should be conserved in the rural area. 3.05 The historical heritage of Webster Township should be recognized, enhanced, and preserved. This heritage is valuable to both the Township and the larger region. 3.06 Municipal services to be provided by Webster Township should be limited in type and scale to those that are necessary and appropriate for an agricultural and rural residential community. 3.07 The identity of Webster Township as a rural community should be strengthened. 3.08 Coordination of planning objectives and policies with adjacent municipalities and area agencies should be continued and improved. -7- �·- PART4 PLANNING STRATEGY The overall planning strategy of Webster Township consists of the following elements. 4.01 Family type farming and specialized farming will be permitted in the area, on farming tracts and on the common open land in residential areas, both as interim and permanent uses. Policies and regulations will be established to preserve the rural character in this area. 4.02 Urban density residential development (a density that exceeds one dwelling unit per acre) will be limited to areas adjacent to Loch Alpine, the Village of Dexter and the area near the Northfield Township line north of North Territorial Road, provided facilities are available. Additional development is not expected or provided for in Portage Base Lake Water and Sewer Authority area since that is not its intended purpose. 4.03 SEMCOG's projected population growth is approximately 6,000 residents in Webster Township by the year 2010, but with an increase of approximately 100 new dwelling units per year but Township calculations based on actual registered voters far exceeds this number. 4.04 Public water and sanitary sewer services will be provided only in the established sanitary sewer service areas of Loch Alpine, Dexter, Portage-Base Lake and adjacent to northwestern Northfield Township. Proposed developments that require central water or sanitary sewer services will be required to locate in one of these three areas. Privately owned, community water and sanitary sewer Systems (that serve two or more lots or dwelling units) will not be permitted anywhere in Webster Township, in order to maintain the rural character of the Township, and to protect the Township from potential operating and maintenance responsibility of such systems. Police and fire protection services will continue to be scaled to the needs of the community and must be reappraised as development takes place. The cooperative, contractual arrangements for such services will be continued as may be appropriate. 4.05 Natural features will be protected by permitting only uses and densities that will be compatible with the continuation of these features in their natural state. Natural features such as streams, wetlands and wildlife corridors should be buffered from new development. Acquisition oflands with these features is not contemplated as a principle means of protection. In some situations, development density may be transferred from sensitive areas to developable, less sensitive areas. Continuity of the ecological systems will be kept intact, where possible. The intent of the Agricultural area is to retain the rural character of area while protecting its existing natural features and agriculture. -8- �4.06 The principal commercial services for Webster Township residents will continue to be provided by commercial centers located outside the Township. Small convenience, highway service and office centers will be permitted with the approval of the Planning Commission, at the intersections of North Territorial Road and Huron River Drive, and at North Territorial Road and Webster Church Road; and adjacent to the Village of Dexter, at Joy Road, Huron River Drive and Mast Road. 4.07 The only existing industrial area in Webster Township is at the Joy Road and Mast Road intersection. This industrial area should be expanded to the North to the existing Detroit Edison power line. 4.08 A historical center has developed around the Webster Church Road and Farrell Road intersection. Historic buildings that have been relocated to this site are a blacksmith shop, Podunk School and the former Webster Township Hall. Preservation of individual buildings in other parts of the Township, including but not limited to Gordon Hall, should be encouraged. 4.09 The principal road system of the Township will continue to be Mast Road, from Dexter to Strawberry Lake Road, then Strawberry Lake Road into Hamburg Township; Webster Church Road, from North Territorial Road to Joy Road, and Joy Road to Zeeb Road and the Scio Township line; and North Territorial Road across Webster Township. The Washtenaw County Road Commission and the Webster Township Board have alluded to the need for Joy Rd. as an alternative east-west route across the Township to help reduce the traffic on North Territorial Rd. All other roads will be either secondary or local in function. Public transportation will not be needed or provided for, because of the rural character and low development density of the Township. -9- �PARTS POLICIES FOR THE AGRICULTURAL AREA 5.01 The agriculture area is delineated on Map 2. 5.02 The rural character of this area will be preserved by: Concentrating houses in certain parts of development parcels, with undivided open space on the remaining land; Preserving woods, wetlands, stream corridors, and other natural features; Preserving and augmenting, where necessary, trees, shrubbery, pasture or cropland along roads in the area; and Requiring additional setbacks along existing roads in which the preceding vegetation or farm fields can be located. 5.03 Residences will be permitted on two acre and larger lots. Alternatively, in order to preserve undivided open land, residences will be permitted at the rate of one dwelling unit per two acres if the dwelling units are located in clusters on the smallest possible lots, and the remaining land is retained as undivided open or agricultural land. 5.04 In clusters, the minimum residential lot area will be one and one half acre, unless a larger area is required by Washtenaw County for a drain field permit, in which case the minimum area required by the County would be the maximum area permitted for that lot. This policy is designed to assure that each development parcel will have open, undivided land. 5. 05 The part of a tract of land that is not used for residential lots and roads will be combined into undivided open space. The open space should be located so that it will be contiguous with existing or potential open space on neighboring parcels. The Township intends, by this policy, to create a connected pattern of open land that will help give the area its rural character. Where possible the open land should be adjacent to woods, wetlands, and other natural features in order to expand the appearance of naturalness that helps create rural character. 5.06 A property owners' association will be required in each residential development to own and maintain the common open land. Conservation easements over the common open land will be encouraged. 5.07 Cluster developments and subdivision plats will be subject to review by the Planning Commission and by the Township Board. Review is essential to assuring that common open land is located as called for in these policies, which in turn is essential to preserving the rural character of the area. 5.08 Family type farming and specialized, non-livestock or poultry farming operations will be encouraged to continue in the agriculture area. Such uses will be permitted on the common open land that is reserved on each development tract and will be accorded all - IO - �rights under the Right to Farm law. These rights should be recognized in any residential development in the area. Intensive livestock, poultry, or animal feeding operations, such as hog hotels, will not be permitted without a special use permit because such uses would be incompatible with neighboring residences and with the desired rural character of the • area. - 11 - �PART6 RESIDENTIAL POLICIES IN AGRICULTURAL AND RESIDENTIAL AREAS 6.01 The plan designates three categories of agricultural and residential areas - agriculture, rural residential, and urban residential. 6.02 Agricultural land is land that is in the designated agriculture area and in which singlefamily detached dwelling units are permitted on lots 2 acres and larger. Each lot in this area should have its own well and septic tank/drain field systems. 6.03 Rural residential land is land that is intended for single-family detached dwelling units on one acre or larger lots and is located outside the agricultural area in the parts of the township in which one acre and larger lots is the established lot pattern. 6.04 Urban residential land is land that is intended for residential use and is located in or adjacent to the sanitary sewer service areas of Loch Alpine Sanitary Authority, Village of Dexter Water and Sewer Area or Northfield Township Sewer Service Area and not in the Portage Base Lake Water and Sewer Authority area unless upgraded by the developer. Dwellings in this category of use should be required to connect with water and sanitary sewer lines; on-site facilities should not be permitted, except on a temporary basis pending future connection. The minimum lot area should be similar to that required by existing zoning in the adjacent lands in the service area. Mobile Home Park would be expected to be in a sewer service area. 6.05 Single-family detached dwellings should be the only type dwelling unit permitted in rural residential areas (excluding accessory dwellings), in order to preserve and promote the rural character of Webster Township. Two family dwellings may also be permitted in an area served by sanitary sewer and water service. In areas with sewer and water, each dwelling should have a direct connection to the sanitary sewer and water systems. 6.06 Single-family detached dwellings should be permitted in the Loch Alpine service area, both within and outside the platted subdivision, provided the average density of the Webster Township part of the platted area (lot area per dwelling unit) is not exceeded. 6.07 Each lot outside the urban residential area should have its own well, septic tank, and drain field, approved by the County Health Department. Wells and/or sanitary sewerage systems that serve two or more dwelling units (not including accessory dwellings) will - 12 - �not be permitted. The Loch Alpine service area is excluded from this policy if the dwelling units in that service area are connected to the central water and sanitary sewer systems. • 6.08 Clustering is intended to preserve natural features, increase open space, and reduce developmental costs. Clustering of dwelling units will be permitted in the designated agriculture and rural residential areas if approved by Webster Township. Clustering is the concentration and grouping of the dwelling units that are permitted on a parcel of land, on one or more portions of that parcel, on lots that are smaller than the minimums usually required, based on a site plan approved by the Township. The land saved from development by the concentration of dwelling units and the reduction in lot sizes is to remain in agricultural production, used for passive recreational uses, or as permanent open space that is properly maintained as to not allow the dissemination of weed seed or grow undesirable trees and plants. Clustering is not intended to permit an increase in the number of dwelling units or intensity of development that would have been permitted by zoning regulations in the absence of clustering. 6.09 In clustering arrangements in the designated rural and agriculture areas, a minimum lot area should be required for each dwelling unit, to assure that sufficient land area will be available to provide adequate separation between water wells and drain fields, and a setting for each dwelling that is consistent with the rural character of the Township. A well and septic tank/drain field, or other system approved by the County Health Department should be provided for each dwelling unit in a cluster 6.10 The Township should permit clustering only in accordance with a site plan, in addition to any plat that might be required, and only after approval. 6.11 The residential area in the Loch Alpine sanitary sewer service area, but outside the platted area, should be developed at a density that is no greater than the average net residential density (total area of residential lots divided by the number of residential lots) in the portion of the platted subdivision that is located in Webster Township. Residential development in this area should be planned in full recognition of the capacity limits of the Loch Alpine wastewater treatment system. 6.12 In order that urban residential land can be developed, the Westridge Annexation Agreement provides for the extension of the Dexter sanitary sewer and water service area into the Township. This should occur before development commences, in order to assure that all needed urban services would be available. These services will only be available from the Village. The Village and Webster Township should coordinate their development policies for this area, and the two municipalities should jointly review development plans that are proposed for this area. Webster Township should be certain that its interests in the neighboring areas would be protected. 6.13 In order to estimate the number of dwelling units that the plan intends for residential development, the following areas should be subtracted from the gross area of the land involved: - 13 - �- existing and future rights of way or easement area for streets. - one half of the area of a wetland. 6.14 Accessory dwelling units for blood relatives of the occupants of single-family dwellings, such as elderly parents, etc., should be permitted in residential and agricultural areas. An accessory dwelling could either be located within the principal residence or in a small, separate structure. - 14 - �PART7 COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL POLICIES 7.01 Commercial and Office Land Use Policies A. Commercial and office uses in Webster Township are expected to be oriented to the traveling public, primarily people driving to and from the recreation areas in and west of Webster Township, and to the day-to-day needs oflocal residents. B. Commercial and office uses should be located at intersections of principal streets. Strip commercial development along streets should not be permitted. C. Commercial and office uses should be considered for the area immediately to southwest of the intersection of North Territorial and Webster Church Roads, to expand the existing commercial development. Commercial and/or office uses might also be considered for one or more of the other quadrants, if the need for the additional area can be established. Commercial and office uses should also be considered north of the intersection of Huron River Drive and Mast Road, at the north edge of the Village of Dexter, to expand the existing commercial area. A commercial/office use area should be considered for the north comer of the intersection of North Territorial Road and Huron River Drive, to serve traffic to and from the recreation areas. The southeast quadrant of the intersection is not suitable for commercial use because of the existing residences. D. The principal commercial and office services that will be required by the residents of Webster Township will continue to be provided by the commercial and office facilities in neighboring communities, such as the Village of Dexter, Pinckney and Hamburg in Livingston County, Whitmore Lake, and the Ann Arbor urban area. Because of the proximity, established nature, and size of these facilities, and the relatively small expected population of Webster Township, similar facilities are not expected to be needed in Webster Township. E. New commercial and office uses should be developed as small centers, with common driveways and parking areas, in order to minimize the number of driveway openings on the adjacent streets, and reduce the area required for parking and vehicular circulation. Each center would likely have an area of at least one to three acres. F. Drives and parking areas for commercial and office uses should be paved. - 15 - �7.02 G. Commercial and office sites should be landscaped and should be screened by landscaping from adjacent residential and agricultural lands to physically separate such uses, to reduce heat and glare from parking areas, to screen parking and loading areas from view, to control noise, and to increase the attractiveness of such sites. It is the intent of Webster Township that commercial and office sites will not be wastelands of buildings and pavements. Their designs should be in keeping with the existing and planned character of the surrounding area, and the rural character of the Township. H. Existing commercial and office uses that are not located in designated commercial areas should be permitted to continue, but their presence should not be the basis of future commercial land use designations or zoning changes. I. Offices should be permitted in commercial areas. However, a separate zoning district should be provided for offices, to permit offices at locations where commercial uses would not be desirable. Industrial Land Use Policies A. The existing industrial area should be expanded northward to the existing Detroit Edison power lines. B. Small industrial uses that serve the local population and agricultural operations, such as machine shops and vehicle and equipment repair services, should be permitted. Such uses should be located in or adjacent to commercial or industrial districts, and should be located on principal roads. It is assumed that such industrial sites will be small (at least one to four acres) and few in number, because needed industrial services are provided, for the most part, in the communities around Webster Township. C. Industrial sites should be separated from existing and designated future residential areas by landscaped buffer strips. Parking areas should be landscaped and loading areas should be screened from view. D. In order to make industrial sites as compatible with neighboring properties and the rural character of the Township as possible, outdoor storage of equipment, materials, vehicles, waste products, and similar items, should not be permitted. - 16 - �•. PARTS ROAD POLICIES 8.01 General Policies A. Roads should be designed, constructed, and maintained in accordance with the following functional classification system. 1) Major roads - These roads are intended to primarily serve regional traffic traffic that passes through Webster Township, and to connect various parts of the Township with the freeway system. The right-of-way should be at least 120 feet, and the surface should be paved. 2) Intermediate roads - The primary function of these roads is to carry traffic that is more local in nature than those using major roads. These roads connect land use areas in the Township with the major road system and with major land use areas that are outside the Township, such as the Village of Dexter. Right-of-way should be 120 feet and the surface should be paved. 3) Minor roads - The primary function of these roads is to collect and distribute traffic within the Township. The right-of-way should be 86 to 120 feet, and the surface should be paved. 4) Local roads - The primary function of local roads is to provide access to abutting properties. The right-of-way should be at least 66 feet, but a wider right-of-way might be required to accommodate drainage, utilities, and grading requirements. The surface may be gravel or pavement; however, the surface should be paved in developed or developing residential areas. B. Plans for new development should provide for extension ofroads into future development areas, where such extension is determined by the Township to be necessary for the continuity of the public road system, or to provide adequate vehicular access to interior lands. Vehicular access should be a major consideration in the design of roads and the division of land. C. Private roads are permitted in Webster Township; they must meet Washtenaw County specifications as provided for in the Webster Township Road Ordinance. This will assure adequate access by public and emergency vehicles. Land parcels that do not abut public roads should be required to abut an approved private road at the time such parcel is occupied. D. Residential areas should be interconnected by public roads. Residential - 17 - �developments that are separate from neighboring residential properties should be encouraged to interconnect roads. 8.02 E. Public roads should meet the standards and specifications of the Washtenaw County Road Commission. F. The number of driveway openings on major roads should be minimized in order to reduce the need for additional lanes and to improve the safety of traffic flow. Specific Policies A. North Territorial Road - This road functions as a major road, in that it carries regional traffic through Webster Township, and connects the Township with the US23 freeway via the interchange 11/2 miles to the east. The right-of-way should be expanded to 120 feet. Two driving lanes will be sufficient; however, turning lanes might be needed at the intersections with Jennings, Webster Church, and Mast Roads, and Huron River Drive. B. Mast Road - This road, together with Strawberry Lake Road to the northeast, functions as an intermediate road in Webster Township. It provides access to the Village of Dexter to the south, and is the principal vehicular connection between Webster Township and Hamburg Township and Livingston County to the north. The right-of-way should be expanded to 120 feet. Two driving lanes will be sufficient; however, turning lanes might be needed at the inter-sections with North Territorial Road and Huron River Drive/Joy Road. The latter intersection should be reconstructed to properly channel traffic flow. C. Webster Church Road - This road, together with Joy Road southwest to Zeeb Road, and Valentine, Merrill, and Barker Roads to the north and east, should be developed as a minor road. This road provides access to the Ann Arbor area via Zeeb Road for the southeast part of Webster Township, and to the Whitmore Lake urban area and the US-23 interchanges to the east. The road will also provide access to the future residential area in the northeast part of the Township. The right-of-way should be expanded to 120 feet and the segment north of North Territorial Road should be paved (two lanes). The segment of Valentine Road, between Webster Church and Jennings Roads, should be developed as a minor road, with a 120-foot right-of-way and a paved surface, to provide a connection between the two roads. D. Jennings Road - This road should be developed as a minor road, to provide access to the County park at Independence Lake from North Territorial Road. The rightof-way should be expanded to 120 feet and the surface should be paved (two lanes). - 18 - �PART9 PUBLIC FACILITIES POLICIES 9.01 Public Utilities A. Public sanitary sewer and water services should be provided only in designated service areas of Loch Alpine, the Village of Dexter, the Portage Base Lake Water and Sewer Authority area and the northeast comer of Webster Township adjacent to Northfield Township. B. Outside these four service areas, water and sewerage services should be provided by on-site facilities. Each dwelling unit and non-residential development should have its own on-site water supply and sewage treatment system that is approved by the Washtenaw County Health Department. Private community systems (water and sewage treatment systems that serve more than one dwelling unit or non-residential use) shall not be permitted in Webster Township. C. New development located in the Loch Alpine and Dexter service areas should connect to the central water and sanitary sewer systems. On-site facilities should not be permitted in these areas. D. Densities of development within the Loch Alpine and Dexter service areas should be consistent with the capacities of the water and sanitary sewer systems in those areas. No major new development is envisioned in the Portage Base Lake Water and Sewer Authority area. E. Storm Drainage 1) On-site drainage facilities should be of adequate design and construction to deliver surface water runoff to established drainage courses or other acceptable outlets. 2) Drainage courses should be designed to prevent sediments and pollutants from surface runoff from entering watercourses, water bodies, marshes, and groundwater aquifers. 3) Drainage districts should be established as part of each development to provide proper maintenance of drainage facilities. 4) Open and natural drainage courses should be utilized where possible as part of drainage systems. Developed open drainage courses should be - 19 - �constructed and landscaped so as to appear to be part of the natural landscape. F. 5) • Storm water retention should be provided as part of each development, or as part of area-wide drainage systems. Retention basins should be used to control the volume, quality, and rate of storm water runoff, and to recharge the ground-water supply. Retention basins should be designed to hold at least a 100-year storm of a 12-hour duration. 6) Storm water runoff from any development area should not exceed that which existed under natural, undeveloped conditions, in terms of volume and velocity. 7) Natural water storage areas should be preserved in their natural form and condition. Each storage area and its fringe area should be protected from encroachment by development and the quality of runoff water that drains into such areas should be properly maintained. Cable Utilities - Electricity, telephone, and other lines should be placed underground, except that transmission and major distribution lines may be placed on towers or poles. Overhead lines should be permitted only after Township approval of their alignment, effect on the appearance and character of the area, and the effect on trees and other vegetation. Overhead lines and all easements or rights-of-way should be located so as to avoid disruption or destruction of tree stands, specimen trees, significant fencerows, and to avoid unwise division of land parcels or land use areas. Surface equipment for underground lines, such as transformers, should be placed as part of the landscape, and should be attractively and effectively screened from view. Substations should be designed and landscaped so as to fit the character of area in which located. 9.02 Fire and Police Protection - Fire and police protection within Webster Township will have to increase to meet the needs of an expanding population base. Arrangements for these services at this time are foreseen to be contractual with neighboring units of government and the County. 9.03 A new Township Hall was constructed in 1996 on Webster Church Road near Farrell Road; it should meet Webster Township's needs for the foreseeable future. 9.04 Public Schools - All public school children in Webster Township will continue to be bussed to school facilities in the four districts that serve the Township. The majority of the residential growth in the Township by the year 2010 is expected to be in the Dexter school district. The school district will be building a new high school on Parker Road near Shields Road next year and moving students around in other buildings to meet anticipated space needs. Therefore, no public school sites are needed in Webster Township during the next 20 years. - 20 - �9.05 Public Recreation- Webster Township has begun development ofrecreation areas such as soccer fields and softball diamonds. The Township has adequate land on the existing Township Hall site to accommodate the Township's recreational needs for the foreseeable future. The County Park at Independence Lake will continue to function as a regional, 'day-use park, but there are no plans at present to expand the land area of the park, or to expand, in a major fashion, the facilities available in the park. Hudson Mills Metropark is located partially in Webster Township. It will continue as a regional, day-use park, with the Huron Clinton Metropolitan Authority (HCMA) having no plans for acquiring more land but has plans to add a bike and walking trail along the west side of the Huron River. - 21 - �4 PART 10 NATURAL FEATURES POLICIES 10.01 General Policies A Natural features consist of river and stream corridors, wetlands (including wet and organic soils), ground water recharge areas, flood plains, watersheds, woodlands, and slopes (steep slope areas, in the range of 12-15% and over). B. The natural features described in the plan are intended only to illustrate the concept of the open space or natural features systems and to indicate the general location of such features in the Township. These areas are not intended to be specific for any one site. The actual extent, location, and relationship to existing and proposed development will be determined at the time of zoning or development review, when detailed information will be available. C. The subject of natural features requires detailed study at future times. Policies in this plan are highly generalized and are based on existing information that is readily available, namely the Washtenaw County Soil Survey, USGS maps, aerial photographs, and information available from the Washtenaw County Metropolitan Planning Commission GIS. D. It is the intent of this plan to preserve the continuity of natural features in order to protect the integrity of ecological systems. F. Streams, water bodies, and wetlands should be used as part of the storm drainage systems. These features should be protected from disturbance by construction and buffered from intrusion, pollutants and sediments that might be carried by runoff from developing or developed areas. F. Natural features should be used to create buffers between different use areas or to separate development areas from agricultural areas, where feasible. G. The following lands are not suitable for development: 1) lands which are not developable in their natural state, such as flood plains and wetlands; 2) lands that are essential to the continuity and preservation of natural features systems; and 3) lands where development would result in environmental destruction of a larger natural system or create hazards to the environment and to the public. Density transfer, as in residential cluster development, might be used as a means of preserving such lands. In some cases such lands may be used for development if the natural systems involved can be maintained by alternate means or by substitution or if the environmental problems created by development can be - 22 - �reduced to manageable and acceptable limits. Very low-density residential use may be permitted as a reasonable use of the land if the general area involved is designated on the plan for rural residential use. 10.02 Stream Corridors A. The width of a stream corridor will vary depending upon the configuration of the stream course, the soil type of the adjacent lands, the nature of the filtration of surface water into the ground, the types and amount of vegetative cover, and the slope of land adjacent to the watercourse. Detailed information should be required at the time of development review in order to determine the nature and extent of the stream corridor and the specific area that should be protected or preserved. B. There should be no disturbance to the stream hydrology or alignment by topographic alteration within the corridor unless such alteration will improve existing conditions or remove a hazard or threat to the community. The filling or removal of material, construction of buildings, culverts, bridges, or other structures, removal of vegetative cover, and the location of wells, septic tanks and drain fields within stream corridors, should be regulated and reviewed by appropriate agencies. C. The stream corridor and the adjacent watershed constitute an ecological unit. Protection of slopes, woodlands, and wetlands within the watershed and proper management of land use and development are essential to maintaining the quantity and quality of stream flow within the corridor. Consequently, development projects should be reviewed in the context of not only the stream corridor itself, but in relation to the corridor's watershed. D. Stream corridors should be preserved in their natural condition. Alteration of the watercourse should require prior approval by applicable County and State agencies. Uses should be restricted to those which offer no danger of topographical disturbances to the corridor, bio-chemical pollution, increased runoff, sedimentation, thermal pollution, or stream channel alteration. E. The Huron River and Arms Creek, between its confluence with the Huron River and the confluence of its southern and eastern tributaries, have been designated as "County Scenic Rivers" under the Natural Rivers Act. Therefore, both streams and their adjacent lands require special consideration. Specifically, uses within a certain distance of the corridor should be limited to those that are compatible with, and will not intrude upon, the scenic river character. The location of structures should be regulated in reference to the watercourses, and natural vegetation along the stream banks should be preserved. State regulations will be used to protect the two corridors. - 23 - �' . 10.03Watersheds A. Erosion and sedimentation controls, and surface water runoff controls, are essential to protect a stream corridor and its watershed. Adequate erosion control measures should be applied to cover the period from the start of construction of a project to stabilization of the site after completion of construction. B. Surface water runoff should not exceed that which occurs existing, undeveloped conditions. This policy will prevent loading of streams receiving the runoff and will help prevent term erosion from uncontrolled, high velocity discharges. C. 10.04 Erosion control methods and drainage plans should recognize the soil types and land slopes of the specific site. Wetlands A. Wetlands consist of low areas with poor drainage and either permanent or temporary standing water. They also include areas with a high water table and organic soils. Wetlands should be protected in order to preserve water quality, stabilize surface water runoff, and provide wildlife habitats. Where used as water storage areas for developed areas, they should be protected from pollutants and nutrients. B. Wetlands should be used as groundwater recharge areas and as areas to stabilize runoff during periods of heavy precipitation. C. Current wetland information for the Township is highly generalized. Actual boundaries and the significance of specific wetland areas should be determined at the time of zoning or development review. D. Uses permitted in or adjacent to wetland areas should be compatible with the purposes and functions of the wetland areas. E. Density transfer to developable land should be permitted provided the receiving area can absorb the additional development without interfering with the purposes and functions of the wetland areas. F. Three aspects of wetland protection should be recognized in reviewing proposed developments within and in the vicinity of wetland areas, and in conducting future studies to develop more detailed policies for wetland areas: 1) The wetland area itself that is the area actually containing the surface water. 2) The adjacent fringe and twenty-five foot buffer area. - 24 - �•. . 3) The remainder of the watershed, which drains into the wetland area beyond the fringe and buffer area. 10.05 Ground Water Recharge Areas • A are areas that collect and hold surface runoff and precipitation or percolation into the underground water storage aquifers. They are vital elements in the hydrologic cycle because they restore water levels in underground storage areas as well as supply water to lakes, rivers and streams. Therefore, their rete tion is deemed important to Webster Township and surrounding areas. B. The location, nature, and extent of recharge areas with respect to specific land parcels will be identified during zoning development review. C. In order to maximize the potential of recharge areas to restore underground water supplies, such areas should be preserved as open space where feasible, or uses should be limited to a very low density use, so as to retain as much of the permeable surface as possible. Land grading should be controlled to retain the water holding characteristics of the land. Vegetation essential to the water holding characteristics should be preserved, or where necessary, enhanced as part of a development program. The balance and integrity of the hydrological system should be maintained in any part of a proposed development. D. Recharge areas should be protected from pollution by prohibiting all uses, which discharge problem wastes into the hydrologic cycle. Where rural residential uses are permitted, the density should be kept low enough so that drain field discharges will not adversely affect the quality of ground water. Storm water runoff from developed areas should be controlled so as to minimize the percolation of pollutants from surface runoff into the underground system. Uses which handle polluting materials or produce polluting products that might enter the hydrologic cycle through leaks or spills should not be permitted in or adjacent to recharge areas. E. Areas which are rated by the Soil Conservation Service as having soils with a water table at or near the surface should be protected as in Section B, because of the ease with which pollutants can enter the underground water system in these areas. F. Land use planning should recognize the sparse information available for ground water recharge areas. This aspect of the development plan is only a beginning in the process of developing policy for such areas, especially in terms of the location of recharge areas and the types and density of uses permitted within or adjacent to these areas. In general, protection of natural watercourses and wetlands, and regulation of uses in areas with high water tables, will protect most of the recharge areas. - 25 - �More information is needed, such as the types of aquifers, hazards to aquifers; boundaries of recharge areas, and amounts and rates of infiltration necessary to retain desired water yields. Since a large area is involved, and it extends well • beyond Webster Township boundaries, County and regional studies and cooperation will be need to effectively manage this problem. Therefore, Township policy should permit reasonable uses ofland in such area, but generally protect them until County or regional policies are established. In the meantime, it is hoped that protection of open space areas and high water table soils will protect most of the recharge areas of the Township. 10.06 Woodlands A. Woodlands should be preserved in order to protect water and soil quality, to buffer air and noise pollution, to moderate local climate and storm hazards, to preserve wildlife habitats, and to preserve aesthetic values and community beauty that are characteristic of Webster Township. Development that is permitted in and around wooded areas, or where significant specimens of individual trees are involved, should be planned, constructed, and maintained so that existing healthy trees and native vegetation are preserved to the maximum feasible extent. The objective should be to preserve native trees rather than to rely on removal and subsequent re-planting. The diversity of woodland areas should be protected to ensure long-term stability. B. The location, species, and quality of individual trees or wooded areas should be considered during zoning and development review to determine preservation requirements. C. The type and density of uses permitted in and adjacent to wooded areas should be compatible with the objective of preserving woodlands. D. Density transfer may be used to preserve wooded areas. 10.07 Slopes A. Slopes of 12 percent or greater should be protected in order to reduce erosion, to maintain slope and soil stability, to control amounts and velocities of surface water runoff, and to maintain the Township's aesthetic resources. Maintaining the stability of the drainage system should be the primary objective in consideration of topographic alteration. B. Slopes should be considered in terms of soil types as well as steepness. Steep slope areas, and sloping areas with lesser degrees of slope where soil conditions create serious erosion and stability problems, should be limited to lower density development. - 26 - �C. Development that is permitted on steep slopes should maintain or enhance the natural contours, vegetation, and drainage patterns. Grading and site preparation should be reduced to the minimum necessary. The existing landform should be made a part of land use planning and design. The primary objective should be preservation of the natural contours rather than alteration through mass grading. D. Slopes of more than 18 percent generally should not be developed. The natural vegetation should remain intact to prevent erosion and slippage. Where development is proposed for areas with such slopes, density should be transferred to portions of the area where slopes and soil conditions are more suitable for development. E. Slopes in the range of 12 to 18 percent, iflocated in an area designated for rural development, could be developed with very low density residences provided the minimum lot requirements are large enough to ensure minimal disturbance to existing contours, soil stability, vegetation, and drainage patterns. - 27 - � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Wyckoff Planning and Zoning Collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Planning & Zoning Center (Lansing, Mich.) (Organization) Wyckoff, Mark A. Description An account of the resource Municipal master plans and zoning ordinances from across the state of Michigan, spanning from the 1960s to the early 2020s. The bulk of the collection was compiled by urban planner Mark Wyckoff over the course of his career as the founder and principal planner of the Planning and Zoning Center in Lansing, Michigan. Some additions have been made to the collection by municipalities since it was transferred to Grand Valley State University. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Michigan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960/2023 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/870">Planning and Zoning Center Collection (RHC-240)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">No Copyright - United States</a> Subject The topic of the resource Michigan Comprehensive plan publications Master plan reports Zoning--Michigan Zoning--Maps Maps Land use--planning Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-240 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Webster-Twp_General-Plan_1990s Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Webster Township Planning Commission, Webster Township, Washtenaw County, Michigan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource circa 1996 Title A name given to the resource General Plan Description An account of the resource The General Plan for Webster Township was prepared by the Webster Township Planning Commission circa 1996. Subject The topic of the resource Master plan reports Webster Township (Mich.) Washtenaw County (Mich.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/870">Planning and Zoning Center Collection (RHC-240)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/84bd4d05f87e6183b8e83401485d025f.pdf 2f126f560ad5f63167bc285fe6be1593 PDF Text Text City of New Buffalo Michigan GENERAL PLAN - UPDATE 1994 �f r r J J City of New Buffalo Michigan :~:===~~~~·-;,,·,,·,•,,,',' , ',' - . ;f~ r GENERAL PLAN - UPDATE 1994 �CITY OF NEW BUFFALO, MICHIGAN CITY COUNCIL MEMBERS Howard Covert, Mayor William Geisler Ray Wojdula Hewlett Bean Gordon Christopher PLANNING COMMISSION MEMBERS Alice Drenten Florence Ruszkowski Otto Zack Tony Mrozek Jim Dombrowski Mark Krauskopf Judy Smith George Schlecta John Otto Douglas Hedges, City Manager Public Consulting Team Charles R. Eckenstahler - Planning Consultant P.O. Box 1047 115 West Main Street Benton Harbor, Michigan 49023 219-879-1012 �TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION ONE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 5 SECTION TWO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GOALS AND POLICES OF THE GENERAL PLAN . . . . . . . . Background and Community Development Goals . . . . . . . 7 7 7 SECTION THREE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES OF THE PLANNING AREA . . ... . Planning Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Surface and Subsurface Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Regulated Lands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 13 13 13 15 SECTION FOUR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POPULATION ANALYSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Historic and Projected Population Growth . . . . . . . . . . . Seasonal Population Estimates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Findings and Conclusions Regrading Population Trends . . . 17 17 17 18 23 SECTION FIVE ... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. EXISTING LAND USE .. . .. . .. . . Land Use Survey . . . . . . . . . Existing Land Use Tabulations . 25 25 25 25 SECTION SIX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LAND USE PLAN . . . . . . . . . Summary of Current Plan Land Use Plan - 1994 .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . .. . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . ... . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . ... . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 29 29 29 31 �LIST OF FIGURES Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure 123456- Planning Area . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Regulated Land Development Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Population Trends and Projections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Generalized Existing Land Use .... . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . 1968 Land Use Plan .. . . . . . . . . . . .. ... . .. .. .... . 1993 Land Use Plan . . . . . . . .. . . . .... .. ... . .. . . . 14 16 18 28 30 36 LIST OF TABLES Table Table Table Table Table Table 123456- Historic Population Trends . . . . . . . Household Data .. . . . . . . . . . . . . Tenure By Age of Householders . . . . Other Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Age by Sex and Total Population . . . Existing Land Use Tabulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 21 21 22 22 26 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update 1994 SECTION ONE INTRODUCTION The purpose of the General Plan - Update 1994, is to set forth an updated strategy for the City of New Buffalo to guide its future development. The Plan will assist community leaders to provide for community needs, both present and future. It will also be used to guide land use decisions made by the City Planning Commission, Zoning Board of Appeals and the City Council as they perform there respective duties and responsibilities. The General Plan - Update 1994, builds on plans and policies previously prepared and adopted by the City of New Buffalo. Prior to this Plan, a seven section plan document was prepared between March 1966 and January 1968. The General Plan, as formally adopted by the Planning Commission and City Council, consists of a comprehensive series of analyses which includes: - History of the City - Physiography (soils, geology, etc) - Existing land use - Economy - Population; existing and future - Housing and elimination of blight - Future land use - Transportation needs - Community facilities needs - Central business district needs - Capital improvements - Zoning ordinance - Subdivision regulations Public Consulting Team Page 5 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update 1994 Pursuant to State of Michigan enabling legislation, it is the duty of the City Planning Commission to adopt the plan and present the plan to the City Council and general public. The General Plan - Update 1994 has been prepared in accordance with the Municipal Planning Commission Act and was presented to the public at a public hearing held on February 1, 1994. It has been formally adopted by the City of New Buffalo Planning Commission on September 6, 1994. Pursuant to the recommendation of the City Planning Commission, the City Council, by resolution endorsed the General Plan - Update 1994 on September 20, 1994. Public Consulting Team Page 6 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update 1994 SECTION TWO GOALS AND POLICES OF THE GENERAL PLAN Background and Community Development Goals In the General Plan of 1968, a series of ten community development goals were established to act as guides for the rational decision making procedures for the location and density of land uses designated in the land use plan. In recent time, the importance of the specific goal and policy statements have been demanded of municipalities by the court system as explanatory information pertaining to decisions rendered by municipal Planing Commissions and other City agencies which issue land uses decisions. This section summarizes goals and policies for land use and other development issues of the City of New Buffalo. They have been prepared based on research documented in this General Plan - Update 1994 and the previous research documented in the General Plan as adopted by the Planning Commission and endorsed by the City Council. In the following paragraphs, the goals for development of the City of New Buffalo are presented. The goal is a statement of desired outcome. Policies are tools, statements of what will be acceptable and what will be discouraged as the Planning Commission evaluates specific proposed development projects . Public Consulting Team Page 7 �City of New Bil//a/o, Michigan General Plan - Update 1994 Land Use: CONTROL RESIDENTIAL DENSITY, AS WELL AS INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL LAND ALLOCATIONS IN LINE WITH INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICE FACILITY DEVELOPMENT. POLICY: Maintain balance among residential, commercial, office, cultural , industrial and open space land allocations . POLICY: Encourage a variety of uses within these land allocations. POLICY: Provide land for industrial uses that are not intrusive on residential, commercial, and other areas. POLICY: Encourage strict adherence to state and local environmental performance standards. POLICY: Encourage steady improvement of the City parks and recreation system. Capital Improvements: REQUIRE NEW DEVELOPMENTS TO PAY FOR CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS NECESSARY TO SERVE THE NEW DEVELOPMENT. POLICY: Require that park and recreation facilities be developed in new subdivisions with the cost paid for by the developer. POLICY: Require that all new developments be serviced by City utilities and that cost for utilities be paid by the development. Public Consulting Team Page 8 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update 1994 Public Lands, Places and Structures: PROVIDE THE CITY WITH FACILITIES THAT ARE SAFE, EFFICIENT, ACCESSIBLE, AND WELL LOCATED. POLICY: Plan and purchase locations for future municipal facilities, as early as possible, to provide capacities for long-term needs. POLICY: All construction and development should proceed in accordance with all appropriate requirements of ADA and any other federal or state laws dealing with the disabled. POLICY: Plan for the eventual expanded need for housing additional City services including general office space, police service, fire services, and public works operations. Public Places and Utilities: DEVELOP MUNICIPAL FACILITIES AND SERVICES THAT WILL ECONOMICALLY AND ADEQUATELY SERVICE EXISTING AND ANTICIPATED GROWTH. POLICY: Eliminate or reduce flooding and install retention/detention pond areas where needed. POLICY: Plan City water, sewer and storm water drainage facilities to provide sufficient capacities needed to accommodate long-term needs. Public Consulting Team Page 9 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update 1994 Transportation: PROVIDE A SAFE, EFFICIENT AND BALANCED TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM. POLICY : Improve the system of thoroughfares to move people quickly, economically and conveniently. POLICY: Plan for orderly development of Buffalo Street, encouraging the use of existing buildings, whenever possible and compatible with adjacent land uses, for commercial purposes. POLICY: Create separate bike/walking paths, where needed and feasible, and create safe, wide shoulders on street pavement for bicycles when a separate bike path cannot be built. POLICY: Support the improvement of the public transportation system for the region, linking The City of New Buffalo to northwest Indiana. POLICY: Improve the system of City Streets to encourage development of vacant land within the City. Housing: ENCOURAGE A VARIETY OF RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENTS TO PROVIDE A DIVERSE SELECTION OF RESIDENTIAL TYPES AND PRICE RANGES. POLICY: Maintain predominantly low density single family neighborhoods . POLICY: Attract quality senior citizen housing. Public Consulting Team Page 10 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update 1994 POLICY : Encourage increased investment in home expansion. Appearance: ENHANCE THE APPEARANCE OF THE ACCESS POINTS TO THE CITY, THE MAJOR THOROUGHFARES, AND THE CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT. POLICY: Improve the architectural facades of buildings on the thoroughfares leading to, and in the central business district. POLICY: Landscape the thoroughfares and the central business district. POLICY: Develop and implement a uniform street furniture design for the thoroughfares and central business district. Economic Development: PROMOTE DIVERSIFIED ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN ORDER TO ENCOURAGE BUSINESS INVESTMENT AND INCREASE EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES. POLICY: Encourage growth of small and light industries and offices to diversify and strengthen the tax base and provide employment. POLICY: Encourage steady growth of business and commercial activities in balance with anticipated needs of population growth. POLICY: Maintain and develop the Central Business District. Public Consulting Team Page 11 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update 1994 POLICY: Encourage controlled growth of small and light industries and offices in order to diversify and strengthen the tax base and provide employment. Public Consulting Team Page 12 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update 1994 SECTION THREE PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES OF THE PLANNING AREA Planning Area The City of New Buffalo has elected to study and discuss the development of a planning area consisting of all lands within the City and all lands abutting the City boundary. This analysis allows the logical planning for the provision of municipal services to areas outside of the City, should service extensions take place in the future. The City planning area is graphically defined on the following page. Surface and Subsurface Conditions The General Plan for the City has extensive descriptive information pertaining to the soil conditions, natural features, climatic, and other natural features which, in combination, contribute to the unique environment of the City planing area. Rather than include this information in the General Plan - Update 1994 report the reader is referred to these documents for additional information. The two principal surface features which influence the City of New Buffalo are the Galien River and Lake Michigan. Both natural resources have contributed to the growth and development of the City since its founding . Both resources will continue to influence the future of the City. Public Consulting Team Page 13 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - UpdaJe 1994 Figure 1 - Planning Area 110 _, ______' --4, JL ' t• ••·-•o· Public Consulling Team Page 14 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update 1994 Regulated Lands In 1968, the emphasis on environmental protection was not as pronounced as it is today . Therefore, environmental planning was not included in the General Plan. Preservation of unique natural features including wetlands, sand dunes and wildlife habit was not an issue and therefore was not regulated to the extend as today . Throughout Michigan, Indiana and other states, establishment of floodplains, floodways, sand dune preserves, shoreline and river development set back areas are commonly included as development restrictions which must be observed in the planning and development process The City is affected by these restrictions and the land use plan for the planning area considers these additional regulations in the allocation of land for future development purposes. On the following map is shown the land areas regulated as wetlands, floodplain and costal zones as administered by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources or the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Public Consulting Team Page 15 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Updale 1994 Figure 2 - Regulated Land Development Areas -- --: _ __r -, I Public Consulting Team Page 16 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan • Update 1994 SECTION FOUR POPULATION ANALYSIS Historic and Projected Population Growth The General Plan prepared in the 1960's analyzed population data for the years 1930 to 1960. The Plan also provided a forecast of future population for the years 1970, 1980 and 1985. Historic population information is provided in the following table: Table 1 - Historic Population Trends Year .,::c:.,/\ •.• Population Count From Census Population Projections (1) 1930 1,015 1940 1,190 1950 1,565 1960 2,128 1970 2,784 2,844 1980 2,821 3,977 4,851 1985 1990 Notes: Population Projections (2) 2,317 2000 2,829 2010 2,838 Actual counts taken from the U.S. Census (1) Projection from the City of New Buffalo General Plan prepared by City Planning Assoc . (2) Projections by Southwestern Michigan Commission; the State designated Regional Planning Agency Public Consulting Team Page 17 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update 1994 Figure 3 - Population Trends and Projections POPULATION TRENDS 1930 - 2010 3 :Z.9 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3 :z .:z 2.1 2 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 1 . !I 1.4 1,3 1,2 1.1 1 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 YEAR Seasonal Population Estimates The City of New Buffalo is unique in that its population, the number of people residing in the City substantially increases in the summer months. This seasonal population increase is a major planning concern since the City must provide City services for the people residing in the City during the summer season. Because of the recreational opportunities in the City, the City must also provide services Public Consulting Team Page 18 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update 1994 to visitors which may only temporally demand services for the short duration of their stay in the City. The amount of wastewater treated by the wastewater treatment plant will increase and even doubles between July and August each year. From a planning perspective, the City must consider this population increase when allocating land for recreational and seasonal housing units, providing downtown parking spaces, providing correctly sized streets to accommodate seasonal increased traffic, adequate water pressure, waste water transmission/treatment capacity, storm water drainage, and fire/police services. Therefore, the estimate of this influx of seasonal population is of great importance in the future development of the City. There are no known methods to statistically project the number of summer residents in the City of New Buffalo. The most accurate method to determine the number of inhabits would be to conduct a 100% count of all residential living units in similar fashion as done during a census. Costs of conducting a census of this type is most often prohibitive for a small community. A projection methodology using 1990 housing information and information about the number of and types of boats moored in the City harbor was used to estimate the seasonal population. The methodology for the projection uses the number of vacant housing units classified in the 1990 census as seasonal housing units and the number of housing units currently vacant to estimate the total housing units estimated to be occupied on an seasonal basis. The formula and projection is as follows: Public Consulting Team Page 19 �" ' ' ' ' ' ' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ -~ City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update 1994 Seasonal Housing Units I. Number of seasonal housing units . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . .. . . . . ... 294 2. Person per household, 1990 Census .. . .. . . . .... .. .... . ... 2.44 3 . Estimated seasonal residents (line l X line 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 717 Vacant Housing Units 4 . Percentage vacant housing units , 1990 Census . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7% 5. Excess vacant units above 5% normal vacancy rate . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 .7% 6. Estimate of seasonally occupied units (line 5 of 1,363 housing units) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Boat Living Unit Occupancy 7. Number of Marina Slips in Harbor for .boat with living accommodations . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 650 8. Number of boats in use per International Marina Institute occupancy studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 % 9. Number of boats occupied during season (line 7 X line 8} . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .· , . . . . . . .. . . . .... ... 371 10. Estimate seasonal boaters in occupancy · (line 9 X 2.44 persons per household) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 904 Estimated Total Seasonal Residents 11. Total residents (sum of lines 3, 6 and 10) 1,672 This methodology projects that 1,672 people could be classified as seasonal occupants. This results in a total seasonal population in the City of New Buffalo of 3,989 or an increase of 72.2% in population of the City during the summer months. This analysis indicates the projected summer resident population to be approximately 4,000 people during certain times in the summer season. I I I I Public Consulting Team Page 20 �II ' ' '~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan • Update 1994 Selected Demographic Trend Indicators Table 2 - Household Data 1970 Indicator Household Count Persons Per Household 1980 1990 905 1010 950 3.08 2.79 2.44 Table 3 - Tenure By Age of Householders ,:' •:i:: ?::::},:,::::::: :,:'t>.:c::=/':C::):<':. :':':::,.;:::;::::. •:;:;:•:::-=:: Age of'H6tiseh6lder' . '::. ',', ,', ·,·,•, ,·,·,·,· •,•,· •..•,•:•:-:- .. . •,•.•, .::::•:•:• :-·:::,::;:;:;:,:::::::;,: • Owned : ; :(Rfntal .: . ';:{%,H{f94il: A.Ii } 15 to 24 years 0 10 1.0% 25 to 34 years 59 105 16.1 % 35 to 44 years 143 22 16.2% 45 to 54 years 149 46 19.2% 55 to 64 years 129 26 15.3% 65 to 74 years 129 29 15.6% 75 years and over 113 56 16.6% ~ -I 'I Public Consulting Team Page 21 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update 1994 Table 4 - Other Indicators I I Indicator I New Buffalo I Berrien County $30,065 $27 ,274 Housing Unit Count 1,363 69,532 Vacant Housing Units 119 8.7% 8,507 12.2% 294 21 .6% 4,448 19.5 Minutes 17.4 Minutes 5.6% Census 6.4% MESC 7 .3% Census 7.4% Average Household Income (1989) Seasonal Housing Units Journey to Work Travel Time 1990 Unemployment 6.4% MESC Table 5 - Age by Sex and Total Population Age Grouping I I I I .·:•:•·•: ' Females X . . · Total ·. .. Males :::::::::.: ;:• \) •· .. Peicent Totat '/ 0 to 5 years 72 79 151 6.5% 6 to 9 years 73 65 138 6.0% 10 to 14 years 70 107 177 7.6% 15 to 19 years 81 78 159 6.9% 20 to 24 years 63 62 125 5.4% 25 to 34 years 161 195 356 15.4% 35 to 44 years 168 150 318 13.7% 45 to 54 years 137 117 254 11.0% 55 to 62 years 100 100 200 8.6% 62 to 74 years 172 116 288 12.4% 75 and above 92 59 151 6.5% 1189 1128 2317 100.0% Total Public Consulting Team Page 22 �City of New Buffalo, 1Wichigan General Plan - Update 1994 Findings and Conclusions Based On Population Trends Analysis of the above information indicates several significant trends influencing the future of the City of New Buffalo. These are summarized as follows: 1. While the projections for the population growth of the City have historically indicated a population growth, the actual resulting counts for each of the census periods indicate the City has not met the projected population count. 2. Between 1980 and 1990 the City lost approximately 500 residents. 3. The current population projections indicate the City will grow by 500 residents between 1990 and the year 2010 returning the population to the 1980 count. 4. Of the total households in the City, 32.2 % are headed by persons at or above the 62 year old retirement age and 17. 8 % by someone of 35 years or less. 5. Households headed by person 35 years old and younger equal 17 .15 % of the total households in the City. 6. On April 1, 1990, 8.7% of all housing units were vacant. Normally, a 5 % vacancy rate is considered acceptable for a community. 7. Of all housing units, 21. 6 % were reported to be seasonally occupied. 8. Residents of the City work close to home with the average trip to work of 19.5 minutes compared to 17.4 minutes for the county. This indicates that more people from New Buffalo are going somewhere else to work. A majority of the residents work within an area described as beginning from south St. Joseph, and Galien in Michigan; and ending in LaPorte and Michigan City in Indiana. I I I Public Consulting Team Page 23 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update 1994 9. Of the total population, 18. 9 % are over the age of 62 years and 20.1 % under the age of 15 years. This indicates a balance of older and younger residents in the City. 10. During the summer season, the resident population increases as much as 73 % resulting in a resident population estimated to reach almost 4,000 people. This estimate does not include consideration visitors to the City. 11. Unemployment in 1990, as documented by the Census and Michigan Employment Security Commission indicates that unemployment in New Buffalo is rather low, slightly below the between the 6 to 7 percent rate recorded for the County. Summary The population analysis indicates that the City of New Buffalo is similar to many smaller cities in Michigan with a mix of older and younger residents who commute to jobs within a short distance of their homes. The estimate of the summer and weekender population estimates indicate the small town atmosphere is effected by the influx, estimated to be nearly a 100% increase in population of recreational and seasonal residents. I I Public Consulting Team Page 24 �-J City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update 1994 SECTION FIVE J ' ~ ~ ~ ~ EXISTING LAND USE Land Use Survey During the first two weeks in June 1993, a windshield survey of all properties in the City was conducted to identify the characteristics and location of all land uses in the City. The purpose of this survey is to record the observed present land and building usage . The information was color coded onto a City base map; a copy which is on display in the City Council Chambers. Existing Land Use Tabulations ~ Information gathered in the survey indicates that a majority of the City is and has ~ General Plan. The only significant change which is noticeable, is the transition ~ retail and office uses. The other major finding is the amount of vacant land area -I I I I remained residential in nature from the information recorded in the original of residential housing units located along the edges of the commercial areas into within the City which has remained despite planned rights-of-way. Based on the generalized inventory of existing land uses, it is estimated that almost 38 % of the City remains undeveloped. Residential land usage occupies 58.7 % of the land area and commercial 1. 2 %. Industrial usage is almost non existent. Public Consulting Team Page 25 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update 1994 Table 6 - Existing Land Use Tabulations EXISfING LAND USES CITY OF NEW BUFFALO, MICHIGAN June 1993 Percent Total Area Percent Total Area Chesterton, Ind . Comparison Community Single Family Residential 58.70 56.0 Multi-Family Residential 1.00 24.0 Commercial Retail and Office 1.20 4.0 Industrial 0.04 1.0 Schools, Churches and Public Buildings 0.07 15.0 Marina and Waterfront 1.00 0.0 38 .00 0.0 100.01 100.01 % Land Use Vacant Total As shown by these percentages, the City of New Buffalo is a residential community with little industrial development. The distribution of land uses is consistent with the forecast of development projected by the 1968 General Plan for the City. It is apparent that the City has adhered well to the planning concepts set forth in the General Plan and is successful in achieving the type of development envisioned 25 years ago. Industrial is the only land use category where no development has occurred. There may be several factors for the lack of industrial development including the close proximity to the State of Indiana, the lack of intense desire for certain types I I I I of industrial development by City residents and the lack of municipal utilities Public Consulting Team Page 26 �' ' ' ' ' ' City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update 1994 (water and sewer) to prospective sites. The reconsideration of a new land use plan provides the opportunity for recommending changes to the future land use plans and policies of the City of New Buffalo . ~ ~ ~ -I I I I Public Consulting Team Page 27 �NORTH LEGEND ~GEOMARK :. GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION AN AFFILIATE SYSTEMS OF ~LANDMARK 0 ::.,es1!:..s.:ig~ ~1:r, 616-1127-3383 FAX 611Hl27--4 CITY OF NEW BUFFALO EXISTING LANDUSE BERRIEN COUNTY, MICHIGAN �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Pla11 - Update 1994 SECTION SIX LAND USE PLAN Summary of Current Plan The General Plan of 1968, established eleven categories of land uses in the land use plan for the City and the overall planning area. Of the 7,840 acres within the planing area shown in the following plan map, 1,287 acres or 16.5 % was scheduled for residential development, 166 acres or 2.1 % acres scheduled for commercial development, 182 acres or 2.3 % scheduled for industrial development, 3,747 acres left in planned open space or in agricultural use amounting to 47. 8 % of the total land area and the remainder 31. 3 % allocated for rights-of-way, and other public purposes including 24.5 acres for a marina service use classification. Public Consulting Team Page 29 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - UpdaJe 1994 Figure S - 1968 Land Use Plan GfNUAllllD lANO UH ru,N NEW BUFFALO, MICHIGAN ~ . (, ,I .. tO"l.l•Ol"'ll Ulll tl)l .. 11&1 ~ c.1 .. 1••1co .... 1,c••1 G1] .. , 1G-.10u,oooco--1•c1•1 UiiJ ' <l"'IUIIUllNIUCWSll l(. 1 - ., .......... "''"9<1- ~ ~ , i I r - - _; ' ·., , /,' I. I r ~ ~,,,.u,_., ~ ("'"""" • U ,IO(Nt&I l(NOOI ti l . - ~~ . ~·/1 , :\ . .,•u ...-00•1 .. I I I ,. r ...,,,-·u'Tu , ' . - , ,..,. I ~ · •• ~ I \ / ! j : \...:1 ~/' / :o.u:::~-; 1 ··•~I. . CtUelNG • ..., '"";..'.. " ; / :__ I I ·n ! .. ~ . [ I .. -_ _ Public Consulling Team Page 30 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update 1994 Land Use Plan - 1994 The land use plan shown on the previous page is based on the land use plan shown in the General Plan, developed in 1968 and updated to reflect current conditions within the City of New Buffalo and the planning area. The most significant changes to the plan are identification of transition zones where existing land uses are trending to higher land uses such as commercial and office uses. Additionally, regulated lands are illustrated in the plan as they require special consideration if chosen for development. The future land use map of the City shows the logical extension of residential development surrounding the more densely populated portions of the City, as well as portions of land areas surrounding the City. The conversion of lands once considered for industrial development to residential uses is also indicated since the demand for industrial land has diminished within the City boundary. The plan is based on certain land development planning assumptions and guidelines including: 1. PROVISION OF MUNICIPAL SERVICES Municipal services will be extended in increments necessary to accommodate the logical extension of development from existing utility service locations. 2. MUNICIPAL ASSISTANCE TO DEVELOPMENT INFRASTRUCTURE FUND NEW The City will aid the development of vacant land areas within the by assisting private developers with financing of street improvement with in designated rights-of-way or in alternative rights-of-way approved by the Planning Commission and the City Council. Public Consulting Team Page 31 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update J994 3. ANNEXATION OF CITY SERVICED LAND AREA Land in the Planning Area to be serviced by municipal utilities shall be incorporated into the City and recognized in the General Plan. 4. COMPLIANCE WITH LAND REGULATIONS Regulated lands shall be designated and all regulations respected in the context of all future development patterns proposed for land uses. 5. CITY COST IMPACT OF NEW DEVELOPMENT All development proposals for land use shall seek to minimize the development and maintenance expenses of the City . 6. PRESERVATION OF APPEARANCE The beauty, visual appearance and historic characteristics of the City shall be, to the extent possible, preserved. The proposed revised land use plan indicates a number of changes from the land use plan presented in the General Plan. These are summarized in the following paragraphs. Additional retail and commercial development areas are proposed for lands surrounding the Downtown Central Business District and along Buffalo and Whittaker Streets to the edge of the City limits. Provision is made for the logical extension of the downtown area into adjacent residential areas, especially along the highway and street frontage . Additional commercial transition into residential uses is indicated for the area south of Whittaker Street between the marina district and Buffalo Street. Public Consulting Team Page 32 �J J , J , City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update /994 A larger, more dominate highway retail & office area is designated for the area surrounding the Round House . The intent is to provide a sufficiently large land area within the City , to allow development of Interstate related commercial and locally based commercial activities. Whittaker Street is the Main Interstate entrance to New Buffalo and provides a visitor their first impression of the City. Providing sufficient land for the development of a commercial area serving travelers as well as residents will give the City an opportunity to seek improvements in the visual appearance of the entry to the City. An area for industrial development is proposed, although considerably smaller in size that proposed in the original General Plan. The area located between the railroad tracks and Madison Street is proposed for this use designation. It is envisioned that "light" industries and other non-retail commercial developments could be attracted to this area in a development pattern having high visual qualities and appearance. Residential development areas are proposed for lands to the east of the railroad tracks. This area is only partially served by municipal utilities . It has unique natural features including wetland areas and natural tree cover which would enhance the attractiveness of the area for residential development. The land use map indicates the land uses suggested for the future. It does not affect the use of land in these areas immediately since this can only be done through a zoning change. The suggested changes to the land use plan will, in part, be incorporated into the update process for the zoning ordinance expected J. Public Consulting Team Page 33 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update 1994 to be completed in concert with the preparation of the General Plan - Update 1994. The remaining portions of the City is recommended for low density residential development. Low density development includes single family homes on individual lots in the City. Additionally , multi-family duplex living units on somewhat larger lots is suggested as an alternative to the traditional single family living unit. Additional multi-family housing units are not suggested for inclusion at this time since vacant land for this type of housing is currently unavailable. The most logical location of additional multi-family housing will be expansions to existing zoned areas. It is recognized that additional multi-family housing will likely be proposed into the City. The plan, while currently not designating additional land for multifamily housing, can be amended by the Planning Commission to include a location proposed by a developer if found to be consistent with the General Plan and the City Zoning Ordinance and deemed to be in the best interest of the City. The proposed land uses contained on the land use plan is a guide and not intended to indicate precise boundaries between uses. These uses could vary, depending on how a specific proposal relates to existing uses and to the plan. However, the plan allows the City to grow and expand in a controlled manner that reflects the wishes and desires of the entire community . The City will give fair consideration Public Consulting Team Page 34 �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update 1994 to proposals for land development that vary from the plan. If the proposal will enhance the City, the City may amend the plan map to approve the proposed use. Public Consulting Team Page 35 �NORTH • LEGEND -------- = 5 Sllt6I.E FNIIIY RESIDElfflN. IJUUI-FIMIIY R£SIDElff/N. CEJffRJL BJSMESS D/STRl:f H161Nfll RUNL OFFK:£ ; - : ; COIIIJE/fCIN.WNf£HWSIJIG t /lilllSTRIN.. PIRICS Ir BEJCHES IIMJ/tA ....____. RJSHr-<JFJ/111 - ~ GEOMARK :. QEOQRAPHIC INFORMATION AN Al""P' ILI ATE SYSTEMS 015" ~LANDMARK =.=~ 061 ~ 0 ~~1 61&-lr.!Hl383 FAX 61&-e27-361W - CITY OF NEW BUFFALO FUTURE LANDLJSE PLAN BERRIEN COUNTY, MICHIGAN �City of New Buffalo, Michigan General Plan - Update /994 INDEX appearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11, 32, 33 central business district . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5, 11, 32 commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8, 10, 11, 25, 26, 29, 31-33 commission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 council . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2, 5-7, 25, 31 development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5, 7-11, 13, 15, 16, 19, 26, 29, 31-34 drainage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 19 economic development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 floodplain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 general plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 5-7, 13, 15, 17, 25, 26, 29, 31-34 goal ............................................ 7 industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8, 25, 26, 29, 31, 33 land use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5, 7, 8, 15, 25-34, 36 office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8, 9, 25, 26, 31, 33 policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-12 population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5, 11, 17-20, 22-24 sewer ...... ..................................... 9 storm water . . . 9, 19 transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5, 10 utilities .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8, 9, 32, 33 wetland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15, 33 zoning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5, 33, 34 Public Consulting Team Page 37 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Wyckoff Planning and Zoning Collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Planning & Zoning Center (Lansing, Mich.) (Organization) Wyckoff, Mark A. Description An account of the resource Municipal master plans and zoning ordinances from across the state of Michigan, spanning from the 1960s to the early 2020s. The bulk of the collection was compiled by urban planner Mark Wyckoff over the course of his career as the founder and principal planner of the Planning and Zoning Center in Lansing, Michigan. Some additions have been made to the collection by municipalities since it was transferred to Grand Valley State University. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Michigan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960/2023 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/870">Planning and Zoning Center Collection (RHC-240)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">No Copyright - United States</a> Subject The topic of the resource Michigan Comprehensive plan publications Master plan reports Zoning--Michigan Zoning--Maps Maps Land use--planning Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-240 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context New-Buffalo_General-Plan-Update_1994 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource City of New Buffalo Planning Commission, City of New Buffalo, Berrien County, Michigan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1994-09-20 Title A name given to the resource General Plan-Update 1994 Description An account of the resource The General Plan-Update 1994 for the City of New Buffalo was prepared by the City of New Buffalo Planning Commission with the assistance of Charles R. Eckenstahler-Planning Consultant and was endorsed by the City Council on September 20, 1994. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Charles R. Eckenstahler-Planning Consultant (consultant) Subject The topic of the resource Master plan reports New Buffalo (Mich.) Berrien County (Mich.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/870">Planning and Zoning Center Collection (RHC-240)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/6105cc7396b554e64f75f170b6d407b5.jpg 94f2dbb524506a473d18b77d7a6b331b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Naval Recognition Training Slides Subject The topic of the resource Slides Military education Airplanes, Military--Recognition Warships--Recognition World War, 1939-1945 Description An account of the resource Slides developed during World War II as a training tool, for top-side battle-station personnel on board ship and for all aircraft personnel, by the US Navy. In 1942 a Recognition School was established by the Navy at Ohio State University where the method of identification was developed. In 1943 the school was taken over by the US Navy. The importance of training in visual recognition of ships and aircraft became even more evident during World War II. Mistakes resulting in costly errors and loss of life led to an increased emphasis on recognition as a vital skill. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource United States. Navy Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides (RHC-50)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-04-04 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-50 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1943-1953 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="http://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides, RHC-50</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-50_M537 Title A name given to the resource Generale class destroyer Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource United States. Navy Description An account of the resource Italian DD (destroyer), Generale class, November 1, 1943. Subject The topic of the resource United States. Navy World War, 1939-1945 Military education Warships--Recognition Slides Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Naval recognition slides (RHC-50) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1943-11-01 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/6884cc0ba206f39abf490cf36d061b21.jpg 9466cecfccd42de71ace0b69c3f58413 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GenerouLaura Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Generou, Laura Description An account of the resource Laura Generou, Social Work Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College teachers Universities and colleges – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/97d53e48dc5bad9b912a325e24e0dcea.jpg 218172d2012493e1578525c8696a304f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_K160-0018a Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970-07-04 Title A name given to the resource Geneva Bottling Works, Geneva, Illinois Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of a painted advertisement for "Geneva Bottling Works Incorporated," located on the side of a brick building in Geneva, Illinois. The advertisement reads, "Now at Popular Prices, draft-brewed Blatz, Milwaukee's Favorite Premium Beer." Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Geneva (Ill.) Advertising--Beer Blatz Brewing Co. Bottling--Illinois Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4a24d080e09693dbc0e94208141fe7e8.mp4 cc1920548bca90a08247dbdfe3a400c5 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4402c7864c1ab0892a4e8bc911f9b214.pdf a53ee69fde0fe774ee4289bcd167998e PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans’ History Project Jerome Gennrich World War II 1 hour 1 minute 31 seconds (00:00:34) Early Life -Born on August 11, 1923 in Detroit, Michigan -Attended a Catholic school through eighth grade -Did not attend high school -His father believed that he needed to get a job instead -Father, Anthony, worked as a carpenter and as a cabinet maker -Mother, Martha, was a housewife -He had five siblings -Three brothers and two sisters -Grew up in Detroit -Did odd jobs in woodworking for a while before he got a job through Chrysler -Worked at the Jefferson Plant in Detroit (00:06:06) Getting Drafted -He was sitting in the family living room when he heard FDR’s speech concerning Pearl Harbor -His father told him that he was going to go to war and fight -Jerome’s one brother was 4F (unfit for service) -Jerome’s other brother had already served in the military -Received a draft notice in the mail ordering him to report to the induction center in Detroit (00:08:23) Induction and Basic Training -While at the induction center he pulled KP (kitchen patrol) duty for a day -The next day he and the other recruits were shipped to Camp Kearns, Salt Lake City, Utah -Army base on the Great Salt Lake and outside of the Salt Lake City -Remembers that basic training was fairly uneventful -Mostly consisted of basic combat techniques -Hand to hand combat especially -Taught how to march -Taught how to properly clean and use a rifle -Made friends while in basic training -Arrived at Camp Kearns and began basic training in late spring of 1942 -First few days there were mostly forgettable and focused on learning to obey orders -Trained with an enjoyable group of people -Went on forced marches that lasted eight hours -Completed basic training in mid-summer of 1942 (00:13:00) Deployment to Europe -Shipped to New York City to board a troop ship there -The ship he went over on was the “Empress of Russia” -Dirty and cramped vessel -Eventually made landfall in a town near Glasgow, Scotland -Voyage took one hundred days [?] due to having to avoid U-Boats and German air raids �(00:14:35) Deployment to Northern Ireland -Went to a place near Belfast, Ireland after Scotland and made camp there -Met his first girlfriend while stationed in Belfast -Her name was Anne Mulvaney -Northern Irish high school girl -Met each other through a mutual friend -He was not in any specific unit at this point -Carried out ordinary camp duties during the day -Given nights and weekends off -Took liberty in Belfast so that he could visit Anne -Didn’t leave Northern Ireland until after the landing at D-Day and Normandy was secured (00:18:14) Deployment to France & Military Police Duty -Crossed to France by way of ship -Spent a night in a French chateau -After France he and his unit moved into Luxembourg and then Belgium -He was attached to a military police unit -Supported the 8th Air Force Army Air Corps while in England -Guarded bombers and a fuel depot -Supported the 9th Air Force Army Air Corps while in France -Guarded fighter planes -Did not spend much time in France -Primary duty there was to protect the aircraft (00:21:09) Belgium -Moved into Belgium, so that they could cross the Rhine River into Germany -Working with the 12th of 62nd Military Police Company -Just ordinary soldiers that were being used for police purposes -Had crossed through Luxembourg to reach Belgium -Made camp for a few days in Liege, Belgium (00:23:00) Germany -From Belgium he and his unit crossed the Rhine River into Germany -Crossed south of the Remagen/Ludendorff Bridge into Germany -Area had been laid to waste over the course of the war -German soldiers were surrendering and retreating en masse -Became responsible for guarding German POWs -Got decorated for crossing the Rhine River -His unit was responsible for guarding thousands of German prisoners -Kept them in a makeshift prison camp near Ansbach, Germany (00:26:26) Contact with the Enemy -Never saw direct combat with German forces -Remembers V1 and V2 rockets hitting London -British Spitfire fighters would take off and try to shoot them down -His unit never took casualties over the course of the war -He was never wounded -Only went to the field hospital in Londonderry due to pneumonia (00:28:22) Leaving Europe and Coming Home Pt. 1 -Shipped out of Germany in outdated boxcars �-Returned to the Belgian coast and boarded a liberty ship there (00:29:58) Details about the POWs Pt. 1 -German POWs were fed and allowed to maintain a sense of organization -Not treated any better or worse than Allied soldiers -Always kept them in the Ansbach prison camp -Didn’t have to transfer them to England, France, or to the U.S. (00:31:17) Living Conditions Pt. 1 -Never moved further east than Ansbach, Germany -Never entered into Austria -Area was occupied by the Russians -Some supplies were hard to get -Fresh fruit was particularly rare -Had to eat canned fruit instead -Never went hungry during his time in Europe (00:33:39) Details about the POWs Pt. 2 -He was able to be friendly with some of the POWs -A fair amount of them were just regular foot soldiers -SS and Gestapo troops were moved to separate camps -Some of the POWs could speak some English -They taught him a little bit of German as well -Didn’t keep in touch with any of the POWs that he made friends with (00:35:23) Living Conditions Pt. 2 -Lived in barracks while in Europe -Spent two winters in the English Isles and the winter of 1944-45 in mainland Europe -In both places they had access to stoves for heating -Lived in tents in Northern Ireland -Learned how to quickly accept, adapt, and adjust to different living conditions (00:36:29) Commendations and Rank -He was awarded various campaign ribbons -One of which was due to crossing into Germany -Awarded Army Good Conduct Medal for excellent behavior and efficiency -He was awarded the European Theatre of Operations Medal -Attained the rank of private first class (00:37:30) Personal Relationships in the Army Pt. 1 -Formed a lasting friendship with one soldier that he served with -Man was from Indiana -Wound up marrying an Irish girl and they both moved to the U.S. (00:38:11) Leaving Europe and Coming Home Pt. 2 -He was in Ansbach, Germany for Victory in Europe (VE) Day May 1945 -In December 1945 they were loaded onto boxcars and were shipped back to the coast -Boarded a liberty ship on the coast of Belgium -Only took a week to make it back to the United States -No longer had to worry about avoiding German submarines or aircraft -Landed in New York City -Went to Camp Atterbury, Indiana to get discharged from the Army -Formally left the Army in early January 1946 �-Felt a sense of homesickness upon leaving the Army -Knew that he would miss the rigidity of military living -Returned home to his parents in Detroit -Went to his father’s place of work and rode back to the house with him (00:42:07) Downtime in the Army and Emotional Adjustments -Stayed in touch with family and friends by way of letters -Used V-Mail (mail service that used microfilm to speed up postal system) -Made no telephone calls home while he was overseas -At first he found it stressful readjusting to civilian life -Got refused being served at bars because he was underage despite his veteran status -Didn’t feel stressed while serving in Europe -Took it one day at a time -Treated it like a regular job -Got treated to USO shows in Europe -Saw famous people, like Bob Hope, perform for them -Famous bands would come over and perform for them as well -Played pool during downtime -Allowed to go into Ansbach, Germany for liberty -German citizens were not happy with the American presence -Also was able to visit other German cities that had been deemed safe and secure (00:46:23) Details about the POWs Pt. 3 -Remembers having to stop a German prisoner that ran past his guard post -Thought that the prisoner was trying to do something illegal -Fired a few warning shots in the air and the prisoner stopped -Turns out that it was just a simple misunderstanding on the prisoner’s part -German prisoners were fairly complacent being prisoners of war -They were happy as long as they continued to have food and a bed (00:48:07) Concentration Camps -Remembers seeing the concentration camps -Didn’t take part in any of the liberations -Saw one first hand after it had been liberated by the Allies (00:49:31) Personal Relationships in the Army Pt. 2 -While in the Army he had been led by a mix of officers -Some were competent and others were totally inept -Generally got along with his fellow soldiers -Wishes that he had taken the time to record day to day life in a journal (00:50:18) Life after the War Pt. 1 -After being discharged from the Army he took a few weeks to rest -He eventually returned to work for Chrysler at the Jefferson Plant -Made that his lifelong civilian career -Worked for Chrysler for forty two years -Retired from Chrysler in the late 1980s -Worked as a parts dispatcher -Chose not to return to school upon returning home (00:52:32) Involvement with Veterans’ Groups -Joined the Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW) �-Joined the American Legion -Eventually let that membership lapse and chose not to renew it -Was more active, and is still active, in the VFW -Didn’t form any long term friendships while in either group (00:53:39) Reflections on Service -Service made him realize that regular people are just used as pawns by governments -Learned that governments have no respect for their citizens -Remembers that the U.S. Army had issues with segregation -Never made an effort to go to, or host, a reunion with his former unit -Service made him a different person -Taught him to respect other people’s rights -Taught him that everyone is entitled to their opinions and beliefs (00:56:30) Life after the War Pt. 2 -Got married after the war to a woman named Helen -They have been married for sixty three years -She still lives in their home in Detroit while he’s in the Veteran’s Hospital -They had three children -Two sons: Jerome Jr. and Hans -One daughter: Faith � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gennrich, Jerome (Interview outline and video), 2014 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gennrich, Jerome Description An account of the resource Jerome Gennrich was born in 1923 in Detroit, Michigan. Prior to serving in the Army he worked for Chrysler at the Jefferson Plant. He was drafted in early 1942 and trained at Camp Kearns outside of Salt Lake City, Utah. Later that year he was sent across the Atlantic and served first in Northern Ireland and then in England, providing security for airbases used by the 8th and 9th Air Forces. After D-Day he was deployed to France and was attached to the 12th of the 62nd Military Police Company. He and his unit moved through France, Luxembourg, Belgium, crossed the Rhine River into Germany. His unit guarded German prisoners of war at a camp near Ansbach until he was sent home in December, 1945. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Erichsen, Wallace (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Veterans Video recordings World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American United States. Army Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2014-01-24 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GennrichJ1570V Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/e218a2c4f3e82c9f8a37efe9c323c946.jpg fbbc08fea864b34d4b3daf1495c947d1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert H. Merrill photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909/1950 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-222 Description An account of the resource Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Merrill_FilmPacks_3_009 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1937-03-03 Title A name given to the resource Genoa Vico delle Marinelle Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of an Italian city street, the Genoa Vico delle Marinelle. The street is narrow with streetlamps attached to the sides of buildings. A person is seen walking in the distance. Subject The topic of the resource Italy Genoa (Italy) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/60d9fd987ce01948e71cc56168b69b0c.jpg a9e8c5e3a00d3af32a738d394c2c1f62 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GentileRita Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Gentile, Rita Description An account of the resource Rita Gentile, Instructional TV Director Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/738db3f5b3121b7ab43ced4fe5e3eb0d.jpg a9b0be3c62fe0831d606aefb417bd4a1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_A004-0941 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-02 Title A name given to the resource Gentleman of the Holland High School Senior Play Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of a group of gentleman performers from the Holland High School's senior play in February 1960. In the photograph, there is a group of six gentleman standing together while wearing formal dressing attire in an interior location. Photograph by Douglas R. Gilbert. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource School plays Holland (Mich.) Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c2989ca2557b9b4a7a6c666ccc155472.jpg ac2615c380eba1bdb0c982b169c8482a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Summers in Saugatuck-Douglas Collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Kutsche Office of Local History Description An account of the resource Collection contains images and documents digitized and collected through the project "Stories of Summer," supported by a National Endowment for the Humanities Common Heritage Grant. The collection aims to document the twin lakeshore communities of Saugatuck and Douglas, Michigan, as they transformed through the state's bustling tourism industry and acceptance of minorities. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1910s-2010s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Various Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">Copyright Undetermined</a> Subject The topic of the resource Michigan Saugatuck (Mich.) Douglas (Mich.) Michigan, Lake Allegan County (Mich.) Beaches Sand dunes Outdoor recreation Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries. Allendale, Michigan Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Saugatuck-Douglas History Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Stories of Summer (Common Heritage project) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Text Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-07_SD-70s-coll_0042 Title A name given to the resource Gentleman on a Whaleback Ship Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of a man crouching on top of a whaleback ship, a type of cargo ship with a hull which was continuously curved above the waterline. He is staring at a small sailboat with many passengers in the distance. Subject The topic of the resource Michigan Saugatuck (Mich) Allegan County (Mich) Michigan, Lake Boats Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digital file contributed by the Saugatuck Douglas History Center as part of the Stories of Summer project. Relation A related resource Stories of Summer (project) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">Copyright Undetermined</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/6fac85516963b35cbca8f2ade0b12e3d.jpg 218417c0d5d1eac8f0a1ebdd914c4281 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert H. Merrill photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909/1950 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-222 Description An account of the resource Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Merrill_LS00008 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource undated Title A name given to the resource Geologic map from Niagara folio, figure 10 Lake Tonawanda Description An account of the resource Black and white lantern slide copy of a sketch map showing Lake Tonawanda and spillways from it to glacial Lake Iroquois, with surrounding text from an unidentified publication. Subject The topic of the resource Lantern slides Maps Geology Glacial lakes Lake Ontario (N.Y. and Ont.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/029b3fc9fe50a03fe6537d2380a382b4.jpg 25d144365c96dee965301e63b1637b9b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert H. Merrill photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909/1950 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-222 Description An account of the resource Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Merrill_LS00009 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource undated Title A name given to the resource Geologic map from Niagara folio, figure 2 Escarpments Description An account of the resource Black and white lantern slide copy of a sketch map of the vicinity of Lake Ontario showing physiographic divisions, with surrounding text from an unidentified publication. Subject The topic of the resource Lantern slides Maps Geology Glacial lakes Lake Ontario (N.Y. and Ont.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/93c81ebe19a7f020443a2c17c6508336.jpg d6cb6a99cf20fdcb6b304c5838c8b46b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert H. Merrill photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909/1950 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-222 Description An account of the resource Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Merrill_LS00010 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource undated Title A name given to the resource Geologic map from Niagara folio, figure 8 moraines Description An account of the resource Black and white lantern slide copy of a sketch map showing moraines around the west end of Lake Ontario, with surrounding text from an unidentified publication. Subject The topic of the resource Lantern slides Maps Geology Glacial lakes Lake Ontario (N.Y. and Ont.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/f3973bdcea0c62014f1f92ed9ee1a6e9.jpg f99512f228b5a6a8c6af0b0106465839 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert H. Merrill photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909/1950 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-222 Description An account of the resource Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Merrill_LS00482 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1937-10-14 Title A name given to the resource Geological Map of Yellowstone Park Description An account of the resource Black and white lantern slide copy of a geological map of Yellowstone National Park and Yellowstone Forest Reserve from an unknow source. Subject The topic of the resource Lantern slides Maps Yellowstone National Park Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/e6ffa21f03f97b20a2f3c3797b1804df.jpg 5741111093bef9e8f38a47bc206cb1fc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert H. Merrill photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909/1950 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-222 Description An account of the resource Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Merrill_1931-1_006 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1931-05-16 Title A name given to the resource Geologists Leverett, Johnson and Wright on beach near Tampa Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of three geologists, Dr. Frank Leverett, Dr. Douglas W. Johnson, and Wright, on the beach near Tampa, Florida. Subject The topic of the resource Florida Tampa (Fla.) Geologists Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/2ece5b61efe3b7cf1c3682e3c014c0ca.jpg 9f5756bfa59b5014942189b54eafde6d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1980s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000953 Title A name given to the resource Geology student in classroom Description An account of the resource Geology student in classroom, 1989. Subject The topic of the resource Students Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/475b9f716a058fac4d4359d9bf309d21.jpg 90f765c1b8317126713b3f33975944a6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1970s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000954 Title A name given to the resource Geology students in classroom Description An account of the resource Geology students in classroom. Subject The topic of the resource Students Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/322894a3b719cb84ffc7a2fedfb6fa0f.jpg 72cb7f469e74e1e5dbd3aa70d9afcaf8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1970s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000955 Title A name given to the resource Geology students in classroom Description An account of the resource Geology students in classroom. Subject The topic of the resource Students Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/25b01bb8e88141e90e553658e7eb93a3.jpg 12b646deccd480ec33c56701352eb451 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource GVSU Concert & Event Posters Subject The topic of the resource Posters Events Michigan Universities & colleges--Michigan Description An account of the resource Division of Student Services provides programs, services, and environments that enhance the personal, social, and intellectual growth of undergraduate and graduate students at the University. Events including concerts were managed by the office of Student Life. Posters for music, speakers, poetry readings and other campuswide events are included. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Division of Student Services Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/106">Student Services concerts, events, and posters files, (GV028-06)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-07-17 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV028-06 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1963 – 1981 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV028-06_Carlin Title A name given to the resource George Carlin and Kenny Rankin, October 7, 1973 Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Grand Valley State College Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities & colleges--Michigan Events Posters Description An account of the resource George Carlin and Kenny Rankin, in the GVSC Fieldhouse, presented by Project REHAB, October 7, 1973 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1973 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/106">Student Services concerts, events, and posters files, (GV028-06)</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/d649eba8370675d807fa14a415a00687.jpg c74271a6df5c7c950710534b28e8a9a8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1960s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000720 Title A name given to the resource George Potter Description An account of the resource George Potter, Assistant to the President for Academic Affairs and Dean of Faculty, 1962-1968. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges College administrators Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/975d18f02949c3a2a7bf5a5cd577fd1e.jpg 62b15da578d607f6b633d6a6f4ef772d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1960s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000309 Title A name given to the resource George Potter with new AV equipment Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Colorama Description An account of the resource George Potter, Assistant to the President for Academic Affairs and Dean of Faculty, with new AV equipment. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges College administrators Technology Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo