336 24 26018 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c4d3fedf2b90edeb946b9948441bfeac.jpg f667222017ce127ccb09f228a877d8a9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Decorated Publishers' Bindings Subject The topic of the resource Book covers Covers (Illustration) Graphic arts Publishers and publishing Pictorial bindings Description An account of the resource From the early 1870s to roughly 1930, many publishers issued their commercial book covers with a remarkable variety of graphic designs and illustrations. This sixty-year period saw many artists and designers contributing to this art form. While some can be identified from their style or initials, others remain unknown. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Michigan Novels Collection Regional Historical Collection Lincoln and the Civil War Collection Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-08-30 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>, <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-01 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source Seidman Rare Books. PS1536.D55 F7 1900 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-01_Bindings0395 Title A name given to the resource From Kingdom to Colony Description An account of the resource Binding of From Kingdom to Colony, by Mary Devereux, published by Little, Brown, & Company, 1900. Subject The topic of the resource Book covers Covers (Illustration) Graphic arts Publishers and publishing Pictorial bindings Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1900 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/ede19051eb07ef78af56be7d423071b7.jpg b88f0222a05510bdf4a804ca42abac1d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Decorated Publishers' Bindings Subject The topic of the resource Book covers Covers (Illustration) Graphic arts Publishers and publishing Pictorial bindings Description An account of the resource From the early 1870s to roughly 1930, many publishers issued their commercial book covers with a remarkable variety of graphic designs and illustrations. This sixty-year period saw many artists and designers contributing to this art form. While some can be identified from their style or initials, others remain unknown. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Michigan Novels Collection Regional Historical Collection Lincoln and the Civil War Collection Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-08-30 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>, <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-01 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source Michigan Novels Collection. PS3513.R38 F76 1899 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-01_Bindings0084 Title A name given to the resource From Lake to Wilderness, or, The Cruise of the Yolande Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Decorative Designers (Designer) Description An account of the resource Binding of Lake to Wilderness, or, The Cruise of the Yolande, by William Murray Graydon, published by David McKay, c.1905. Subject The topic of the resource Book covers Covers (Illustration) Graphic arts Publishers and publishing Pictorial bindings Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1905 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b1cee27816d030d545979716cd359eba.pdf 44920d2b4ecf6764736091c8e6e231b5 PDF Text Text From Orthodoxy to Freedom Free Spirit, A publication of Fountain Street Church, Fall, 2001, p.17 Richard A. Rhem When we could no longer with integrity affirm the faith understanding of our religious community, we were faced with a critical decision: either we must leave or we must engage in a process of thought, study, and revision in order to bring our religious understanding to new expression. When I could no longer honestly preach the orthodox and evangelical faith in which I had been nurtured and educated and which, in my first four years in the ministry, I had proclaimed as the pastor of my Spring Lake congregation, I chose the latter course. After graduating from seminary in 1960, I came to the ministry armed with “the authoritative Word of God.” The Bible, inspired by the Holy Spirit, was inerrant and infallible. The preacher's authority lay in the faithful exposition of the biblical text. Even though serious biblical criticism had been around since the late eighteenth century, my denomination did not deal seriously with it. But, after seven years of pastoral experience and preaching, the last three in New Jersey, I found my authoritarian foundation crumbling. As I became aware of a critical approach to scripture, it was no longer possible for me simply to assert, “The Bible says...” I had to begin again. I needed a new foundation if I were to continue in a preaching ministry. A European pilgrimage that lasted for four years was not simply a quest for an academic degree, but an existential quest for a religious faith I could believe in with intellectual integrity and preach with authenticity. My search and research were intensive - and the quest continues, but of this I became convinced - there is no authoritarian claim that can ground authentic religious experience, whether the claim be grounded in tradition, church or scripture. The witness to religious experience - in my case, the witness of the preacher – is precisely that: it is witness. Traditional religious communities have a “founding story” or event that is the source of their traditions; for example, the life, death and resurrection of Jesus is the founding story of Christianity. One may believe the founding story is a revelation of the Sacred, but its expression is human; it cannot be otherwise. The founding story can only be told by means of human language and thought forms. The stories, creeds and confessional statements are human imaginative constructs and they are most often separated from the revelatory moment by a long time. Orthodoxy or “right thinking” is not achieved immediately. In the case © Grand Valley State University �From Orthodoxy to Freedom Richard A. Rhem Page 2 of Christian orthodoxy, it took centuries before the Church settled questions of who Jesus was, how he was related to God, and how God was to be understood. But this long process is soon forgotten. A human imaginative construct in the form of a statement in a creed becomes absolutized - the final word, the only true expression of a given religion. Orthodox “truth” is thus established, defended, and used as a weapon to outlaw those who fail to adhere to the established line. The creeds and symbols of the religion become “fundamentals” to be externally accepted and endlessly repeated. When a religious faith reaches the orthodox and fundamentalist stage, it lives on by authoritarian claim. Free inquiry is no longer welcome; one may think only within prescribed limits. Ongoing human experience, historical development and scientific discovery are resisted because new knowledge threatens a creed frozen in time and established institutional order. The effect is deadening. When all of this became clear to me, I still remained within my faith community, but I challenged the accepted orthodox formulations at several points. When called upon to recant and thereby to deny my best insight and understanding, I refused and was declared to be beyond the limits of my faith community's orthodoxy. I was fortunate; the congregation I had served for over a quarter century voted by strong majority to move with me into institutional independence where the spirit of freedom prevails and free inquiry is encouraged. We are continuing to seek to create a community of love and grace and compassion, a community of open mind and warm heart. In the early 90s, we expressed our vision thus: Christ Community is an alternative to church as usual. We live together in the awe of worship, in the Presence of the Mystery of God Whose inclusive grace moves us to embrace all with unconditional love and gracious acceptance, irrespective of race, gender, economic status, age or sexual orientation, loving the world as God loves it, following the way of Jesus, sensitive to the winds of the Spirit, seeking to discern the Word of God in the biblical tradition, the movement of God in the context of our culture. And the story goes on... © Grand Valley State University � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard A. Rhem Collection Description An account of the resource Text and sound recordings of the sermons, prayers, services, and articles of Richard Rhem, pastor emeritus of Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, Michigan, where he served for 37 years. Starting in the mid 1980's, Rhem began to question some of the traditional Christian dogma that he had been espousing from the pulpit. That questioning was a first step in a long and interesting spiritual journey, one that he openly shared with his congregation. His journey is important, in part because it is reflective of the questioning, the yearnings, and the gradual revision of beliefs that many persons in this part of the century have experienced and continue to experience. It is important also because of the affirming and inclusive way his questioning was done and his thinking evolved. His sermons and other written and spoken materials together document the steps in his journey as it took a turn in 1985, yet continued to revolve around the framework and liturgies of the Christian calendar. Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Religion Interfaith worship Sermons Sound Recordings Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rhem, Richard A. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/514">Richard A. Rhem papers (KII-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kaufman Interfaith Institute Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-2014 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 text/pdf Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource From Orthodoxy to Freedom Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Free Spirit Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2001-10-01 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Kll-01_RA-4-20011001 Description An account of the resource Article created, delivered, or published by Richard A. Rhem (Dick) on October 1, 2001 entitled "From Orthodoxy to Freedom", it appeared in Free Spirit, Fountain Street Church, Fall, 2001, p.17. Tags: Fundamentalism, Critical Thinking, Inclusive, Nature of Religion, Community of Faith. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richard A. Rhem Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Community of Faith Critical Thinking Fundamentalism Inclusive Nature of Religion https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/cc10213648e99356c74b76e3a4d8ad9c.jpg 8ccdf50c70fe524c2462d2e890caceeb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert H. Merrill photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909/1950 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-222 Description An account of the resource Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Merrill_NE_51_1917_002 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1917-07-19 Title A name given to the resource From Otsego Mt. 2160 looking north 45 degrees east Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of a hilly countryside in Otsego County, New York with mountains visible in the distance. Subject The topic of the resource Otsego County (N.Y.) New York Landscapes Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/dad8b51ab77507dfcf21499694ee2fd0.jpg aeee9d4b16ab44bba43d046350d0efea Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert H. Merrill photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909/1950 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-222 Description An account of the resource Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Merrill_NE_51_1917_003 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1917-07-19 Title A name given to the resource From Otsego Mt. 2160 looking south 45 degrees west Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of a hilly countryside in Otsego County, New York, with mountains visible in the distance. The image is somewhat clouded by mist. Subject The topic of the resource Otsego County (N.Y.) New York Landscapes Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/56debfff5e7f24bbfb343bcc20886eb3.jpg 60205215046037cdc2de773940a79f85 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert H. Merrill photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909/1950 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-222 Description An account of the resource Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Merrill_FilmPacks_4_003 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1937-03-15 Title A name given to the resource From Palatine to Forum Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of the Roman Forum, taken from Palatine Hill. Buildings are visible in the distance, with ruins in the foreground Subject The topic of the resource Archaeology Archaeological sites Rome (Italy) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/010c7999cefc2a9846066a9acd787ee8.mp3 fcb52e54d31692470f93ffc63e922c8b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard A. Rhem Collection Description An account of the resource Text and sound recordings of the sermons, prayers, services, and articles of Richard Rhem, pastor emeritus of Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, Michigan, where he served for 37 years. Starting in the mid 1980's, Rhem began to question some of the traditional Christian dogma that he had been espousing from the pulpit. That questioning was a first step in a long and interesting spiritual journey, one that he openly shared with his congregation. His journey is important, in part because it is reflective of the questioning, the yearnings, and the gradual revision of beliefs that many persons in this part of the century have experienced and continue to experience. It is important also because of the affirming and inclusive way his questioning was done and his thinking evolved. His sermons and other written and spoken materials together document the steps in his journey as it took a turn in 1985, yet continued to revolve around the framework and liturgies of the Christian calendar. Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Religion Interfaith worship Sermons Sound Recordings Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rhem, Richard A. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/514">Richard A. Rhem papers (KII-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kaufman Interfaith Institute Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-2014 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 text/pdf Sound A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Event Eastertide V Series Easter People Scripture Text Philippians 3:13 Location The location of the interview Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01_RA-0-19910428 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1991-04-28 Title A name given to the resource From Religion To Grace - An Easter Transformation Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richard A. Rhem Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Sermons Relation A related resource Richard A. Rhem - An Archive of Sermons, Prayers, Talks and Stories: http://richardrhem.org/ Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 Description An account of the resource A sermon given by Richard A. Rhem (Dick) on April 28, 1991 entitled "From Religion To Grace - An Easter Transformation", as part of the series "Easter People", on the occasion of Eastertide V, at Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI. Scripture references: Philippians 3:13. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/dde13845ead917a6d6dc6d555c8f914b.jpg 49b23d631fa22c506267d3d30933e43f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert H. Merrill photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909/1950 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-222 Description An account of the resource Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Merrill_FilmPacks_XX_36_012 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941-08-31 Title A name given to the resource From scarp gap towards San Jon, N.M. Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of a valley filled with trees. Subject The topic of the resource Archaeological sites Archaeology Excavation San Jon (N.M.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c41c38c334cc3327a9238a51f6f66904.jpg 0a52cc999419e88d264697eca18a4362 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert H. Merrill photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909/1950 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-222 Description An account of the resource Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Merrill_FilmPacks_5_011 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1937-03-31 Title A name given to the resource From Seiano Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of a town hillside taken in Seiano, Italy. Subject The topic of the resource Seiano (Italy) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/41d087b9127acdcb485509201188988e.mp4 fed9d551737081ab7fe135202a35fe0a https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/04969cfe6d881664277b8640c995c541.pdf ebbab5520f98cfdacb2f9e24102d7444 PDF Text Text 1 Grand Valley State University All American Girls Professional Baseball League Veteran’s History Project Interviewee’s Name: Mary Froning Length of Interview: (43:24) Interviewed by: James Smither Transcribed by: Lindsey Thatcher, April 14, 2011 Interviewer: “Okay, let’s begin with your full name and where and when were you born?” My full name is Mary Froning O’Meara. I was born in Minster, Ohio 8/26/1934. Interviewer: “What was your early childhood like? What was the family situation?” I lived with my mother and father in this small town in Minster, Ohio. It was an all German community and I went to an elementary school and high school there. I lived across the street. Actually the whole town is Catholic and a big church down the block from myself. In my early childhood, I have also a twin sister, so my twin sister and I went to (01:00)Minster grade school and Minster High School. The eighth grade through grade school and four years at the high school. Interviewer: “Now, were there any organized sports for girls at the Catholic school?” Actually it isn’t a Catholic school. Interviewer: “Okay.” It was run by the state. We had the only school in the state of Ohio that was run by the state of Ohio. We had nuns, we had priests and instead of saying religion they called it ethics in school. But, anyhow, back to your other question is, we had the CYO organization, which was the Catholic Youth Organization. In which I participated in when I was in the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th and through high school and that was the only sport I could play. (2:02) Interviewer: “What was the sport?” It was softball. So I played that, the first coach I had was a priest, and from then on it was different coaches. Interviewer: “Now did you play with your sister also, play ball?” Yes, she also played. Martha played second base and I was short stop. �2 Interviewer: “Is this water for…” No, I’m okay. I’m fine. Interviewer: “The, okay, I went to Catholic school with the real uniforms and the white socks and the little patch and the whole bit, you didn’t have to go through that, huh?” No. Interviewer: “The softball you played was part of the school curriculum?” No, this was different, it was a club sport. You didn’t have to pay to get in. You just tried out and make the team (03:00). It was just something for the girls to do. I loved softball, so I tried out for it and made it when I was in the fifth grade. Interviewer: “Wow! So each year, each school year, where would the baseball played during that period of time? During the summers only?” What do you mean, the baseball? Can I have some water? Interviewer: “Sure, Tom, can we have….here is the water.” Okay… Interviewer: “Alright, Tom? Playing during the summer for 5th grade, 6th grade, all the way through every single summer through…” Except when I was scouted to play in my junior year. Interviewer: “Wait a minute, I don’t want to get there quite yet. What I am trying to get across, what I want to get across, is that when you are playing that regularly, especially as a young person, you are going to get better. The more you play, you’re going to get better (04:00). So, was there a lot of competition between you and your sister about?” No, Martha and I, I mean it was good practice, because we could go home and throw the ball. Actually, when I was playing probably in the 8th or 9th grade, I knew I was better than practically anybody else. So I could run fast, I could throw, I had a good arm, I could hit. And so when we played other teams, when I came up to bat and I could make home runs and outrun them. And my sister Martha and I would make double plays, so that helped us. I had my friend Kay Horsema in left field and she played at that point. Interviewer: “Were your parents supportive of this?” Yes. Interviewer: “I was going to say the equipment…” �3 They would come watch us play. I had two older brothers, I should say one older and one younger than me. (04:58) As for as playing sports, I loved it; I mean it, I could probably have been on the boy’s baseball team in high school. Being a girl, there was no way to do it. So instead of that I became a cheerleader. And that’s what we could do; we could be a cheerleader for basketball and football. Interviewer: “Now, had you heard about the women’s professional, Professional All American Girls Baseball Team, when you were in school?” No. Interviewer: “Okay.” If we are going to get when I was recruited, I was a junior in high school. I was playing on a Sunday afternoon, softball. And, apparently in South Bend, they do have a Board of Directors. So one of the board of director’s mother lives in Minster, Ohio, he was coming by apparently (06:00), and a week later, he sent me a contract. My dad and I looked at it, my mother looked at it and he said it’s not softball, this is baseball. And I thought it is in South Bend, Indiana. I had never been there and I should say the other team that was there was in Fort Wayne which is only seventy miles away. I never heard of them, I never did. Nobody wrote it in the paper, what small town that we had. The Dayton Daily News did not pick it up. So in so far as knowing what to do, they sent me the contract. I looked at it and said I will certainly try out. That is in 1951, this was in March. I went in to Spring Training in May in South Bend. There must have been probably, I would say, about a hundred trying out (06:59), there were four positions. Being rookies and with the manager which was Karl Winsch to play ball. Interviewer: “Now, how did you get there?” By bus, my first Greyhound bus ride, that was wonderful. I went from Salina to South Bend, Indiana. Interviewer: “You were sixteen?” I was sixteen years old. Interviewer: “How was that trip, what were you thinking about?” Nothing, you know, here I am on the bus going to play baseball. That’s all I could think about, meeting different people, and the person actually the board of directors, the gentleman that did it. I stayed with him for the first couple of days. And the other hard part was getting on a trolley to go to the Palin Park, is where we played. That was hard. Where I was coming from you were in a car or you were walking, or riding a bike, right? That was enjoyable too. Because South Bend was quite large at the time it had a hundred and fifty thousand people and you’re looking at my home town which had 1,500. �4 (08:18) Interviewer: “Now, where was your twin sister in all this?” My twin sister was at home, she also tried out, but when the tryouts came, she did not want to play ball. She wanted to become a nurse, so she went home and did that. She did become a nurse. Interviewer: “Okay, so she did.” Yes. Interviewer: “But you had the opportunity- you wanted to play?” I wanted to play. Interviewer: “But, the thing I am a little confused about is the, you had been playing softball since fifth grade…” Yes. Interviewer: “And now you are being asked to, by this time the league had hardball. Right?” Oh, yes. Interviewer: “Oh, Yeah.” By the time, it came in 1951, it was overhand pitching and the size of the ball was ten inches and the pitching mound was fifty-five feet and the bases were, I think at that point seventy or longer (9:17). And so this was the first time in my entire life, so what I did first was I had a baseball from my brother and I started throwing the baseball and that helped. So when I got there before the try outs I knew how to hit, I knew how to throw and we would hit, Karl the manger, would hit the flies to us in the outfield. They called me, well they really called me flash, fearless running over fences and stuff. So I tried out in South Bend and there were quite a few people there. They took four, and I was one of the four, (10:01) so. One of the high points of my life; here I am I am going to be really playing I get a uniform that is a skirt, I can slide, a uniform that’s a skirt which I normally had pants on before. I looked at it and I said “Gosh, look at that uniform, it looks wonderful!” It did. We had socks and stirrups and baseball caps. Interviewer: “All of the girls that I have talked to about the uniform said that they had to adjust it in some way; did you have to do that with yours?” Yes, well actually when I came there you would try one on and they also had a seamstress, so if it was too long you know, which I wanted a mini skirt like anyhow…she would adjust it to your size. So we had two uniforms, we had one on (11:00) the road and one at home. So they would �5 have them dry cleaned after you left to go on a road trip and when you came home it was waiting for you. Interviewer: “Now you move, during the season you moved to South Bend?” Oh, yes. Interviewer: “Where did you stay?” I stayed, all of us stayed with people in homes. I was in a house with other rookies. In fact Lois Youngen, Dolly Vanderlip, and another girl I can’t remember her name. We stayed with a lady by the name of Mrs. Kelly. So there is where we stayed and after we played ball we came back and we stayed with her and then we went on the road and when we came back we would stay with her. She was paid, I don’t think we paid her, I think the League (12:00) or I think we did pay her. Interviewer: “So it was rent. You were basically renting a room in the, yeah. So how was the first season rookie?” The first season I sat on the bench. My manager Karl said: “Mary, I want you to learn this game”. In 1951 the South Bend Blue Sox won the world series so there was no way, every position was taken care of and there was no way that I could get out there unless somebody broke a leg. But what they did do was to, I would pitch one inning. So I would hit and I would go to first base on my way out, so that’s okay because I was fast. I also sat on the bench and he said “I want you to watch what you do and what signs I give you so that when you are up to bat you know what it is”. The other thing I would do, which I don’t know (13:00), is I would sit on the bench and they did smoke, I would hold their cigarettes when they were on the field and they would come back and they would have it. It was very interesting the first year, it was hard. It was so different from softball because you had longer bases and actually you could steal without having to worry about the pitch going over home plate and stuff so that was my first year experience. Interviewer: “Now once you had your first season, did you return back home?” I returned back to Minster. I finished my senior year at Minster, Ohio and I graduated and at that point they let us know when to come for spring training. So that was, we played 112 games a year so spring training was at, sort of like at the end of April. I graduated May 22 (14:00), I went back for graduation and then I continued on with the team in 1952. Interviewer: “Now, when you got back from your first season and you were back in school now, was anybody talking to you about the fact that you played professional baseball?” No because they had no idea what I was doing, no idea. Even my, my mother and father used to come to Ft. Wayne to watch me play, in 1952. Because that was where we did play and it was �6 only 7 miles away so they saw me play. My brother came with his wife and they saw me and Martha did too, my sister. But as far as people in Minster knowing that I was a professional baseball player and that I was getting paid, not very much but it was enjoyable. They had no idea. What is (15:00)_ summer and do? I played and was a professional baseball player. And that’s what I am. Everyone in South Bend knew about the girls, everybody in Ft. Wayne knew who the girls were. Everybody in Michigan knew about the girls: Grand Rapids, Muskegon, Battle Creek they all knew who we were, Racine, the other teams. Everybody in the city knew. Because what they did they had post scores, they would be on radio in South Bend, they would be on the radio and they would interview you. And I had my photograph taken and they would put the photograph in the store downtown in South Bend and they would have the schedule on us, and people would come out and watch the South Bend Blue Sox play. And that was how there was advertising. Interviewer: “How was your second season?” Second season, okay. That would 1953. I got better. I hit home runs inside the park homeruns. Interviewer: “But the team is giving you a chance to play now?” Oh, yes. Because a lot of them at that point, a lot of ones that had played all along… Interviewer: “The veterans?” Yes the veterans. They went off to (16:30) school to further their educations, you know teachers. Or they went back to work, or…and I was only 17, I mean I didn’t have a job I wanted to play ball. Interviewer: “So now you have gone from being rookie, into playing in the regular lineup?” Yes, and I did this for 3 years. Interviewer: “Now was there any sense, I realize you were 17 or 18 years old, but was there any sense that this was going to be your career, baseball?” I never really thought about it. The thing that I thought about was “Here I am, playing baseball. I do get money to play”. As far as the going back to school, it never entered my mind. Because every, after the season was over I would work I stayed in Kalamazoo one season and worked, and another season I stayed in Rockford. So every season after our season I did work. Interviewer: “Now your sister already knew what she wanted to do?” Yes. Interviewer: “She wanted to be a nurse?” �7 Yes, a nurse. Interviewer: “Now was there any discussion either with your sister or your parents about what you were going to do? Besides play baseball.” No, I mean there wasn’t (18:00) very many opportunities in 1952 when you graduated to do as far as, you could get married, you could go to school to become a nurse, you could work in the factory, or you could further your education and become a teacher. Now those were your choices. So at that point I said “I don’t want any of those choices, that’s not me”. So I just kept playing ball and then when I was in, actually in Rockford working there. My friend who flew for TWA, called me and she said “Mary, I want you to come and I want you to interview with 3 different airlines, I would like for you, if you would like to do this, come up to Chicago and interview”. So at that point afterwards I think it was 56? No 55 and 56 that’s when I went. I was interviewed with the airlines was something else. I go up there I was to be at a certain time in Chicago. At midnight all the interviews took place with the airlines (19:30). My first one was with TWA, my second one was with United and the third was with Parody airlines. So I had a certain time I was interviewing with this young man, and he was asking me what I did before I came and what my education was and why I am here and all of that. So I started to tell him about my career before I came and I told him I played professional baseball and he stopped right in his tracks. He had no idea that even in Chicago; we weren’t written up in the paper in Chicago that I had played professional baseball. And at that point we had no baseball cards so I couldn’t prove him that I had played. So he said that’s really nice. So he said “I’m going to set you up with another interview and I want you to come back, but first of all I want you to go to charm school”. So I had to go to charm school for a week, for the make-up and for the walking and everything to be in the airlines. So I did that for a week, I came back and also what helps too, is that you are interviewed by different people, not the same person (21:00). So I was interviewed by a different person and I made it. Interviewer: “I know that when you started out your first year, the charm school for the League had already stopped right? So you had didn’t have any of that kind of…?” No we had none of that. Charm school I think was ’43 when we first started. We had one of the ladies to look like ladies, no short haircuts you always had to wear lipstick, you always had to be, you couldn’t smoke you always had to wear dresses, no slacks no jeans. You had to set yourself as elegant. Interviewer: “In your first couple of seasons, how were the fans?” The fans were great. Actually in South Bend I would say there may be about 2 or 3,000 people who would come. The majority were night games. And the fans all the ladies wore dresses all the men had suits on all the men had hats on, nobody ever had shorts on they were always dressed like men and women. �8 Interviewer: “The, you said that you had sometimes 2 or 3,000 people show up?” Yes we did, and these were night games. You always started at 7 or 7:30. We always had programs you could buy. The programs were 25 cents, no programs were 10 cents. To get in was 25 cents. So it was very, people loved us they were very (23:00) came out, everybody was happy to see us play and would ask for our autograph. And after we played we all went out for dinner. Or if we had a road trip after we would eat and then get on the bus for the longest trip on the bus was from South Bend to Rockford that was a long one. We would arrive in Rockford in the early morning. People were walking going to work. And Karl would, we were all on the bus and Karl would open the door up and say “Come on out and watch us beat the Peaches”. And they would laugh and people would say “Oh no you’re not”. So that’s how we got fans too. But everybody loved the Peaches so they had a big following that really nice for them, same as in Kalamazoo. They also had a big draw they had a brand new stadium and ball park to play in. Interviewer: “What were the road trips like?” Road trips were fun I mean you would be tired from playing the game, 9 innings of ball and then you would get on and you had to put your dress on and your skirt on and sit there and you got some sleep but not a lot, so actually if you did arrive (24:30) say in Rockford, you would go to the hotel and you would nap for awhile and then you would get up. A lot of it was like “Where am I today?” and then we would be like, “Oh, we’re in Rockford”. We’d get up and we had practice, and if we did lose games we had practice every day after that. We would have, Karl, we would have meetings in the morning Karl would give us our signs for the game for that night I should say. Interviewer: “By signs you mean the special stuff they would do with you?” Yes, the special stuff that would they said, right. Actually if you stepped out the box you would look at him, I was very good at bunting. I could easily be the first or second to enter and I had lots of people enter behind me, and I loved to steal bases. Interviewer: “I only played Little League but my claim to fame is that I hit a homerun on a bunt.” On a bunt? When you were 5 years… Interviewer: “The other team was over throwing and everything. I didn’t know what I was doing I was just, I was a fairly decent pitcher but I couldn’t hit for anything.” That was a lot of people’s problems. You could catch, you could run: hitting takes an eye. We had several, several women (26:00) who were just very good hitters, excellent. Interviewer: “So as of the third year, the fourth year were the fans, were you still getting more people? Because I’ve heard from some that there were less people. �9 Yeah, actually it dwindled. Remember the war was over in ’45. All the baseball players, the Major League baseball players came back. So they drew more in Chicago and they drew more in where they had the major leagues more. These teams had started probably about 1952. I remember we had one set in Minster Ohio and everybody went over to witness it, Howdy Doody was on. so the TV came in ’52. In ’53 there was still a lot of people enjoying our League because it was still a League. In ’54 it started to dwindle, but not too many people, by not too many people I mean we still had 5 or 600 people and that was when we the League started to disband. It had gone 12 years, there was no more new interest. Interviewer: “Now what was there discussion amongst you about what is going to happen next year (27:30)? Are we going to be working anymore?” No, actually when I left, I received a letter in 1954…’55 I should say, that the League was disbanding and there would be no more professional baseball. Interviewer: “What was your reaction to that?” I was sad. It was something I had done over the summers. Why quit now? That was, there was no more baseball. So I decided to pursue my other life. Interviewer: “Now you then got into the airlines, you have continued on. Now, did you ever talk about the fact that you were a baseball player when you were employed by the airlines?” No, I did not. Because at that point nobody knew it, I could say “Yes, I played professional baseball”; well I proved it one time we were on a flight going from Chicago to Syracuse and we actually got off the flight, I remember we had 108 inches of snow, and the snow banks were umpteen feet up in the air as we came in (29:00). Now I’m flying on a Conveyer that seats 40 people, we have 1 pilot, and we have no flight engineers, so when we go down everybody has their own individual room. So the guy the pilot thought that he would be pretty smart and he was going to throw us a snowball. Well he did, that was completely wrong. Because I picked up one, and he never knew what hit him. That was the, at that point I couldn’t say “Well, I played professional baseball”, you know that’s why I just about gave it to him. But, no I never talked about it. I was never recognized in my hometown of Minster Ohio as being a professional baseball player. The only time that I was recognized in Minster, we were they have parades during Oktoberfest so my friend Katie and I were in the parade for being recognized as baseball players. Interviewer: “Now when was this? Was this in the late ‘50s or ‘60s, much later?” It was later, yes much later after maybe 20 years. Interviewer: “Okay, almost every one of you that I have talked to that they just didn’t talk about it (30:30), they didn’t tell their kids about it or anything like that. But at some point �10 you went back to that period of time because did you go to that first reunion? I mean, how did you get back acquainted?” The first reunion was in Chicago in 1980 and that was really wonderful. Interviewer: “So you went?” Oh yes, absolutely. Interviewer: “I guess what I am trying to get at is that you have gone all of these years …” Without speaking about baseball, that’s right. Because nobody knew us, nobody knew what I did. I mean I graduated from high school and they said “what are you doing this summer?” I’m going to play ball. “Oh okay”. Nobody came out to watch me nobody from Minster came out to watch me. It was like you must have done something bad. No, I didn’t do something bad, I played baseball; and so when they made the movie that’s what really, really helped us. Then people recognized what we did. And the people in my hometown did and they had parades for it like I told you about. So that was wonderful and I told my family I played ball and they knew I played ball because I coached them into how to play ball-softball, that’s what I played. And my son was a baseball player and they knew that I played. And I was on the city league (32:00) and the girl and I was playing fast pitch softball and I started to bunt and she said “Where did you learn that?” I played professional baseball. “You played professional baseball?” So that’s how it came about so as you know and everybody A League of Their Own movie helped us. Interviewer: “What did you think of the movie?” I thought it was great. Actually I met, I was there in Scopie? _, I was one of the 50 or 55 that went there for a part in the movie. We met other people that were in the movie. We met Penny Marshall, I threw softball with her, they had baseballs and softballs, and well they had baseballs. But I threw ball with her and Madonna was there and she was sort of off limits so I got her autograph but she came in her big Cadillac with body guards. Well she was famous; she made a lot of money. So Penny was very grateful that she was in the movie and then before that she had made big, so Tom Hanks is a tremendous baseball player and he loved being the coach. “You mean I don’t have to get skinny?”, and anyway so it was the idea that he was [Jimmy Fox?]. Anyway, her daughter was in the (33:30) movie I met all of the players I mean Penny, Rosie, and these people really are why we became famous. And that’s why the movie was, everybody was crazy for it. Interviewer: “How did your life change after that movie came out?” Actually I was playing softball and the ladies I taught how to play softball knew that I had played professional baseball and they had an idea, but they didn’t know really what I did, they knew I played for the South Bend Blue Sox so when the movie came to Madison I was there and I was �11 interviewed by the people from the TV station about they interviewed me. I knew that at that point they thought “Wow, she lives in Madison and she played professional baseball”. Interviewer: “This is going to sound like a stupid question but why do you come to the reunions?” I actually come to the reunions to see my friends. The majority of my friends played 51-54. I do know some of the ladies that played at the beginning of the League and it was (35:00), so I come because I enjoy being with the people and being interviewed by people. It is very nice the reunions are very well organized, the people are very nice. And you see different kinds, I had never been to Detroit so we come and I enjoy it. Interviewer: “Now you mentioned a son, so you did eventually get married?” Yes, I got married in 1958. Interviewer: “Okay.” So in 1958 after I flew for the airlines for a time before and during when I was flying. We got married in 1958 and I could not go back and become a stewardess, it was not allowed. So after marriage you could not fly, if you wore glasses you could not fly, you had to be a certain height a certain weight, oh yes there were lots and lots of restrictions. So I got married in 1958 and we moved to Madison and I raised 4 children, 3 daughters and a son. Interviewer: “And you said earlier that they knew about your baseball career, but did you let them know early on or is it something that they found out on their own later when the movie came out (36:30), your kids?” Oh they knew before when they grew up and realized that I also organized my son’s baseball and they knew that I had played baseball and other coaches asked me to do this for them. But nobody knew that how many teams there were how many players had done this and when we did this in ’43, nobody knew that. So it was, I mean it as we could say again, when the movie came out everybody knew. Interviewer: “What do you make of all of this superstardom? I mean think about it for a moment, there are baseball teams all over place, and there are fans. But I have never experienced the kind of adoration that the public seems to have for your group. You see it little girls coming up to you, you see the public ‘Oh!’ of course they always say A League of Their Own and you are right it is the movie that really made that known, but what do you think about this whole hoopla, my gosh?” I think that, even when I was on a plane coming here, sitting next to the guy “What are you going to do in Detroit?” “Well I’m going to a baseball reunion”. “You mean A League of Their Own?” “Yes, that what I mean”, and everybody around me turned around (38:00) to see what I looked �12 like and what I did. So I explained to everybody what I did, I played ball. I think the majority is when people come to our reunion and the look at us and say “Now you actually played baseball, not softball?” “Baseball.” and they admire that, little kid’s do. All the little kids do, actually I coach little kids, they didn’t know I played baseball but they knew I knew baseball and that was the idea behind it. I knew what to do. I knew what to do when I coached my son’s team, that’s what they asked me to do. I had two kids that I coached and played softball, these ladies, their daughters played and they came up and asked me if I would coach them and teach them how to play softball, so I did it for 15 years. I told them we’ll have practice on Tuesday and play on Thursday, they did and they enjoyed it. Interviewer: “I know that the questions I have asked of all of you that during the period of the time that you played it was for the love of the game it was the fun the camaraderie, and never really thought (39:30) that it was going to go anywhere beyond that. But now people are saying to you, I am saying to you that this was an important part of American history. Now I’m, pretty sure none of you thought ‘hmm, I’m going to play baseball and be a part of American history.’ But how do you, I mean you have to accept the fact that people are looking at this, you are put in the baseball hall of fame, Ken burns did a documentary out baseball and said here was this amazing period of time, how do you react to this, this realization that you are part of American history ?” Yes, which at the time we were playing we had no idea that we would be recognized in the baseball hall of fame and that we were a part of history. And the part of history never entered our minds until they said okay we will make a movie about you. You are the pioneers of baseball; and then it hit us. That we did do something that was great. Interviewer: “How do you look back on that period now. I mean you get a chance to reflect about this. You’ve had a full life, you have had kids you have a husband, this is just a small segment?” A small segment. Yes that was like, I was growing up. I was 16, I had I didn’t have to go to school anymore I just played ball and I actually made (41:00) money. I knew eventually up ahead that I would have to go on with my life with school or get a job or something but at that point, when I was playing I never thought about it. I never could, because I didn’t think that we were the pioneers of baseball, It was when I was playing softball in Minster, I’m not a pioneer of softball however I am a pioneer of professional baseball and that’s what is great. Interviewer: “Does that, looking back on it did those 4 years have a major impact on the person you became?” Well, no I don’t think so it was a lot of discipline which I had to have because I was quite proud in high school. The idea was that it was a lot of discipline and Karl was a very good manager and, no I think in the 4 years that I played the enjoyment of playing a sport 4 years was �13 wonderful. An organized team and I didn’t think I was a pioneer of baseball I was just an All American that played ball. Interviewer: “Thank you so much, wonderful wonderful.” Thank you. (42:33) �14 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource All-American Girls Professional Baseball League Interviews Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The All-American Girls Professional Baseball League was started by Philip Wrigley, owner of the Chicago Cubs, during World War II to fill the void left by the departure of most of the best male baseball players for military service. Players were recruited from across the country, and the league was successful enough to be able to continue on after the war. The league had teams based in Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana and Michigan, and operated between 1943 and 1954. The 1954 season ended with only the Fort Wayne, South Bend, Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo, and Rockford teams remaining. The League gave over 600 women athletes the opportunity to play professional baseball. Many of the players went on to successful careers, and the league itself provided an important precedent for later efforts to promote women's sports. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/484">All-American Girls Professional Baseball League Collection, (RHC-58)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Sports for women World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American All-American Girls Professional Baseball League--Personal narratives Oral history Baseball players--Minnesota Baseball players--Indiana Baseball players--Wisconsin Baseball players--Michigan Baseball players--Illinois Baseball for women--United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-58 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-10-02 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-58_MFroning1123BB Title A name given to the resource Froning, Mary (Interview transcript and video), 2010 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Froning, Mary Description An account of the resource Mary Froning O'Meara was born in Minster, Ohio, in 1934. She played on softball teams run by the local Catholic Youth Organization while in school, and was recruited into the AAGPBL in 1951. She played outfield for the South Bend Blue Sox from 1951 until the league folded in 1954. After baseball, she worked as an airline stewardess for several years, and then married and raised a family, and continued to play and coach baseball and softball. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Boring, Frank(Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) Video recordings All-American Girls Professional Baseball League--Personal narratives Baseball for women--United States Baseball Sports for women World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Baseball players--Indiana Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2010-08-08 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/484">All-American Girls Professional Baseball League Collection, (RHC-55)</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/42d5ba838aee5dccd7b1a4a2d5892264.jpg 7752cf902376a08011ea1c65f70c0dc8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_A007-0101 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-04 Title A name given to the resource Front view of neighborhood truck fire Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph featuring a close up view of a neighborhood street scene centered around a truck fire in April 1960. Photograph by Douglas R. Gilbert. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Dodge trucks Traffic accidents Holland (Mich.) Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/d4ed7fb021965136223384b4eab9a66f.jpg 595661d41e585257f038e4e07f4953b9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert H. Merrill photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909/1950 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-222 Description An account of the resource Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Merrill_NE_53_1917_012 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1917-10-31 Title A name given to the resource Front walk Macatawa looking north Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of Macatawa beach covered in debris with beach cottages in the background. Subject The topic of the resource Macatawa, Lake (Mich.) Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/54be0de7fea00a85152fdae682df5269.pdf 51766e8a92fb3d01e7edb9674b152876 PDF Text Text - - - - - - - - - - - - ~- -----. lndial1 Pow Wow frontier City, Michigan Saturday and Sunday, Aug. 17, 18 All Indian Dancers Welcome Camping facilities perfect Campers can set up on Friday No open fires, except grills and gas stoves "' Real Indian Dancing Championships Men and Women ~ White Indian Dancing Championship Men and Women "' Indian Boys and Girls Dancing Championship "' White Indian Boys and Girls Dancing Championship 1st, 2nd and 3rd Prizes for all Championships Real Indian Drummers . Bring Teepees if possible ~ J~.t/~A'.l"f _ ( 4-7eo ,4eeace1) fA C#/~di'cv/~ 6'Loo"O. �IIINTIER [IT Visit Frontier City in true and outhenti c western setting. There's the joi I for polecats and hoss thieves. There's the old saloon and western store. Rel ox on the veranda where the marshal keeps a sharp eye on all the ornery varmints. Step up to the bar, you long horns, and get your shot of redeye. Special bar for serving cow-juice for short horns. ·- · -- -= ---=- ~-::a.... ________ ..,._ --.,__--- •• • •• 9(~./ Steamboat A' Comin' Round The Bend Everyone wants to ride the colorful, honest-togosh, steam paddle-wheeler, THE RIVER QUEEN. But the management warns all passengers to be on guard against cord sharps and gamblers rumored to be operating in this neck of the woods. lndion Village Picnic Area Old McDonald's Farm (Baby Animals for Small Fry) Steamboat & Stagecoach · Rides •• • •• Antique Form Equipment Gold Mine Pony Rides Ride The Stage There's nothing Ii ke a ride on the stage through the woods and around the lake. The management is looking for a competent man between the ages of 3 and 103 to ride shotgun, for the stage is held up on nearly every run. ~ �. Frontier City is a must stop on yo.ur visit to Michigan. If you live within driving distance, pack a picnic lunch, put thekidsinthe car and come spend the day with us. You'll find a friendly, western atmosphere where the kids and you, too, will have the time of your life. Special rates for groups. WriteSheriffBuckOliver, Frontier City, Onsted, Michigan. Buffalo - . Deer & Texas Longhorns WerecommendyouvisitMystery Hill, Walker Tavern, and the Irish Hills S orts Park while in our area. '""~: Feed The Deer buffalo LAKE MICHIGI\N See the bul I whacker in action driving a rare pair of twin oxen. ..._ 11tWl *AIJ1HEflT/t / :.f)lfffRENT In The Heart Of The Irish Hills Of Southern Michigan Open Daily - 10:00 A.M. til 6:00 P.M. Memorial Day thru Labor Day � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_frontier-city-pow-wow_ Title A name given to the resource Frontier City Indian Pow Wow, August ???? Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource ????-08 Description An account of the resource Frontier City Indian Pow Wow flyer, Frontier City MI, August 17-18, ????, collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/da59369068ddb0024d143a9a6a85ecd2.jpg a5dc912b5d073c4e02e6a11e98bf8321 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_A001-0014 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-01 Title A name given to the resource Frozen breakwaters near Holland Lighthouse Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of what appears to be the frozen breakwaters near the Holland Harbor Lighthouse pier, where the Macatawa Channel meets the waters of Lake Michigan. A snow-covered D9 cylindrical tower can be seen as it extends out into Lake Michigan beyond the lighthouse. Photograph by Douglas R. Gilbert. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Lighthouses--Michigan Holland (Mich.) Michigan, Lake Winter Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/999a6770817eac1849c3567414481206.jpg 1152d882fa74796fe56410077801784c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Summers in Saugatuck-Douglas Collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Kutsche Office of Local History Description An account of the resource Collection contains images and documents digitized and collected through the project "Stories of Summer," supported by a National Endowment for the Humanities Common Heritage Grant. The collection aims to document the twin lakeshore communities of Saugatuck and Douglas, Michigan, as they transformed through the state's bustling tourism industry and acceptance of minorities. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1910s-2010s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Various Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">Copyright Undetermined</a> Subject The topic of the resource Michigan Saugatuck (Mich.) Douglas (Mich.) Michigan, Lake Allegan County (Mich.) Beaches Sand dunes Outdoor recreation Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries. Allendale, Michigan Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Saugatuck-Douglas History Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Stories of Summer (Common Heritage project) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Text Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-07_SD-PhilipsL_0001 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Philips, L. Title A name given to the resource Frozen Pie Boxes Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph featuring numerous stacked boxes from the Lloyd J. Harriss Pie Company. The sides of the boxes are labeled as having "6 - 8" Frozen Pies" and the photograph appears to be taken inside a refrigerator storage facility. Subject The topic of the resource Michigan Saugatuck (Mich) Allegan County (Mich) Frozen baked products Food--Storage Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digital file contributed by L. Philips as part of the Stories of Summer project. Relation A related resource Stories of Summer (project) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">Copyright Undetermined</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/8361e1ee05c060f1f86f1709adbf954e.jpg bac05255cbc8c857f71f41868dcb2f64 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/66331bb8d54cc79363f91a832e10e5ef.jpg 416f6a1da3b481dad52c24cd8a0a4385 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Summers in Saugatuck-Douglas Collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Kutsche Office of Local History Description An account of the resource Collection contains images and documents digitized and collected through the project "Stories of Summer," supported by a National Endowment for the Humanities Common Heritage Grant. The collection aims to document the twin lakeshore communities of Saugatuck and Douglas, Michigan, as they transformed through the state's bustling tourism industry and acceptance of minorities. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1910s-2010s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Various Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">Copyright Undetermined</a> Subject The topic of the resource Michigan Saugatuck (Mich.) Douglas (Mich.) Michigan, Lake Allegan County (Mich.) Beaches Sand dunes Outdoor recreation Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries. Allendale, Michigan Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Saugatuck-Douglas History Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Stories of Summer (Common Heritage project) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Text Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-07_SD-Pie-Factory-17 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lloyd J. Harris Pie Co. Title A name given to the resource Frozen Treat Area Description An account of the resource A black and white photo that depicts many stacked cans, presumably in a freezer of some sort. Subject The topic of the resource Michigan Saugatuck (Mich.) Allegan County (Mich.) Factories Bakeries Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digital file collected by the Kutsche Office of Local History from the Saugatuck Douglas History Center for the Stories of Summer project. Relation A related resource Stories of Summer (project) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">Copyright Undetermined</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/5a49625498cd0fc55f6f8f4490f2bab1.jpg cbe941ef1accec118ce3e6c023021599 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b3b9e4289b2021626d84a0cde7a2023a.jpg 9dabe17132e93e9368e73df559064d9b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Insel-Bücherei Series Description An account of the resource The German publishing company Insel Verlag was founded in 1899 by Anton Kippenberg in Leipzig. In its early years the firm only printed expensive, beautifully-produced volumes, until demand led to the publication of the more modest Insel-Bücherei series in 1912. Relatively inexpensive but with the same careful sense of design and typography, these smaller-format books reprinted shorter works from a variety of German, European, and world authors. The series numbers considerably more than a thousand titles and is still being issued. The Digital Collection contains the scanned covers of 140 titles held by Grand Valley State University Libraries. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1904-1987 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Book covers Covers (Illustration) Graphic arts Publishers and publishing Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-05 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource ger Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-09-29 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-05_IB0630b Title A name given to the resource Frühe italienische Tafelbilder: 20 Meisterwoerke des Lindenau-Museum Altenburg Subject The topic of the resource Book covers Covers (Illustration) Graphic arts Publishers and publishing Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-09-29 Description An account of the resource Cover of Frühe italienische Tafelbilder: 20 Meisterwoerke des Lindenau-Museum Altenburg, published by Insel-Verlag. Insel-Bücherei Nr. 630 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books. Insel-Bücherei. Z315.I5 B83 no.630 Language A language of the resource de Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/9724aea1df857124a6461bc881cad533.jpg f825db41436d4542e1c41472eee11e7c https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/a634645a9bf238ef34027cf48b777371.jpg 908c34a79181c1ddf68ed9ab9b0be1a7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Insel-Bücherei Series Description An account of the resource The German publishing company Insel Verlag was founded in 1899 by Anton Kippenberg in Leipzig. In its early years the firm only printed expensive, beautifully-produced volumes, until demand led to the publication of the more modest Insel-Bücherei series in 1912. Relatively inexpensive but with the same careful sense of design and typography, these smaller-format books reprinted shorter works from a variety of German, European, and world authors. The series numbers considerably more than a thousand titles and is still being issued. The Digital Collection contains the scanned covers of 140 titles held by Grand Valley State University Libraries. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1904-1987 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Book covers Covers (Illustration) Graphic arts Publishers and publishing Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-05 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource ger Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-09-29 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-05_IB0630a Title A name given to the resource Frühe italienische Tafelbilder: 20 Meisterwoerke des Lindenau-Museums in Altenburg Subject The topic of the resource Book covers Covers (Illustration) Graphic arts Publishers and publishing Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1957 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-09-29 Description An account of the resource Cover of Frühe italienische Tafelbilder: 20 Meisterwoerke des Lindenau-Museums in Altenburg, published by Insel-Verlag, 1957. Insel-Bücherei Nr. 630 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books. Insel-Bücherei. Z315.I5 B83 no.630 Language A language of the resource de Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/89a9321e205fb27b5c542e9ef59f31d1.jpg 7b17336bbe9517cc0e9c65e336da08c1 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/72c2b48ccc0c205a653f2c0f7f0fdda0.jpg 35f0b20cada7316eca9a4d5d8de41a98 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Insel-Bücherei Series Description An account of the resource The German publishing company Insel Verlag was founded in 1899 by Anton Kippenberg in Leipzig. In its early years the firm only printed expensive, beautifully-produced volumes, until demand led to the publication of the more modest Insel-Bücherei series in 1912. Relatively inexpensive but with the same careful sense of design and typography, these smaller-format books reprinted shorter works from a variety of German, European, and world authors. The series numbers considerably more than a thousand titles and is still being issued. The Digital Collection contains the scanned covers of 140 titles held by Grand Valley State University Libraries. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1904-1987 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Book covers Covers (Illustration) Graphic arts Publishers and publishing Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-05 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource ger Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-09-29 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-05_IB0049 Title A name given to the resource Frühling Subject The topic of the resource Book covers Covers (Illustration) Graphic arts Publishers and publishing Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1925 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-09-29 Description An account of the resource Cover of Frühling, by Johannes Schlaf, published by Insel-Verlag, 1925. Insel-Bücherei Nr. 49 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books. Insel-Bücherei. Z315.I5 B83 no.49 Language A language of the resource de Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/20ba62d98a10653477534fb6fdbbc982.mp4 53805c570323b7b527970796be6247bf https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0902c546327543f530d1902bdf6fe333.pdf 480cf8bd2a8bf537269f3e981befbc60 PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans History Project Robert Fry (00:55:58) (00:40) Background Information • Robert was born in 1970 • He was a specialist in the Army during Desert Storm • Robert spent 2 years in Germany from 1988-1990 in the 8th Infantry Division • He also spent 2 years in Kentucky from 1990-1992 with the 101st Airborne (1:50) Boot Camp • Robert enlisted when he was 18 years old after graduating high school • He started boot camp in 1988 and thought it was fun, but very uniform • There was a lot of training and physical work like doing push-ups and running (2:40) Germany • The original flight to Germany was delayed and the men were stranded in the airport for 24 hours (4:50) Medals • Sharp Shooter • Army Good Conduct Medal • Overseas Service Ribbon for Germany • Army Service Ribbon • National Defense Service Ribbon • Combat Infantry Badge • South West Asia Service Medal • Army Accommodation Medal • Saudi Arabia/Kuwait Liberation Medal (7:25) Entertainment • Robert often made phone calls to friends and family back home • The men watched movies, played pool, and played cards in the recreational center (8:00) End of Time in the Service • Robert’s service ended two weeks early in June of 1992 • He was very happy to be done, but knew he would miss all the friends he had made (8:30) Current Employment • Robert is now working in armed security and spends time at the VFW (9:10) College �• Robert took advantage of the GI Bill to attend college at Kendall Valley and earned his associates in Security (11:30) Specialist • A Specialist is one rank above Private First Class • It is a junior non-commissioned officer and right below corporal and sergeant • There is a high level of responsibility; Robert was running his own fire team • There are 7 people per fire team and 2 fire teams per squad • A platoon is made of 4 squads • They were border patrolling in Iraq • It was 140 degrees during the day and 90 degrees at night • They did most of their work at night • Also they went on search and destroy missions looking for bunkers and bunker complexes (15:44) Mechanized Infantry in Germany • They worked on very old vehicles from the 50s • They had to fix them and keep them up and running so they could be used to train with (19:00) Thoughts on the Armed Service • Robert backs the military 100% and supports the Iraq War • He believes that the war needs to move at a quicker pace and things are currently moving to slow � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FryR Title A name given to the resource Fry, Robert (Interview outline and video), 2004 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Fry, Robert Description An account of the resource Robert Fry was born in 1970 and enlisted in the Army shortly after graduating high school in 1988. He spent his time training in Kentucky and enjoyed boot camp. Robert earned many medals and ribbons during his time serving in Germany and in the Middle East. Robert led a fire team during Desert Storm, working on border patrol and search and destroy missions. After serving in the Army, Robert earned his associates in Security and is currently employed in armed security. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Roberts, Lauren (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Veterans United States. Air Force Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American Video recordings Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2004-02-02 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/06b11454f9f7f81f322846f833300f18.jpg 350145fbe8553a324fe9bbcd0dcc4441 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert H. Merrill photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909/1950 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-222 Description An account of the resource Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Merrill_EastmanAlbum_1_1909_058 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909-07-12 Title A name given to the resource Ft. Mackinac from "Missouri" Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of Fort Mackinac on Mackinac Island, Michigan, as seen from the boat Missouri. Subject The topic of the resource Mackinac Island (Mich.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4d45004f5d39d1d2ac503ca35680bb03.pdf c3eae841389cc2cb653aef9182731e47 PDF Text Text Growing Community: Oceana’s Agricultural History Project A project supported by a National Endowment for the Humanities Common Heritage Grant Project Director: Melanie Shell-Weiss, GVSU Liberal Studies Department Carl Fuehring Interview Interviewed by Alan Moul June 18, 2016 Transcript AM: This is Alan Moul and I'm here with Carl Fuehring. Carl, I’m going to ask you to spell your name. CF: Alright. Last name is spelled F-u-e-h-r-i-n-g. AM: And today is? CF: The eighteenth. AM: The eighteenth of June 2016. This is an oral history project being collected with a grant from Grand Valley. It's called the Growing Community Project. It's about Oceana's agricultural history, growing and migrants and the whole works. And I'm glad Carl is here today. He's going to tell us about what he remembers and knows about his operation, his family and Mears, Michigan, and we'll go from there. So, Carl, start us out with how you guys got here and what you remember. CF: Alright. Well, Al, thank you very much for inviting me to this program. I think it's important for the future generations to have an idea of where the ancestry of our county came from. My parents met and were married in Chicago after the war, the Second World War. My mother escaped Nazi Germany and was brought over by the underground. And my father and his parents were born here in Chicago. Anyway, the story goes that my grandparents always wanted to be farmers, and so he weaseled and wiggled and connived with some of the other people in downtown Chicago because he was a maître d’ at a hotel to get a piece of property in. And the first property he got was in northwestern Wisconsin and they went up there and darn near froze to death as well as starved because it was pretty barren. So, he came back to Chicago and complained to the realtor. The realtor says, I'll trade you sight unseen for a piece of property on Crystal Lake in Hart Township here in Oceana County. So, by train, they moved their belongings up, hired a team of mules as the story goes, and they dragged their meager belongings out to a ramshackle house that was on Crystal Lake. They didn't have any farm to speak of at that time. It was a sandy, weed-infested corner of the earth. Well, Dad - my father, Rudolf - started the farm with picking strawberries and he had down in a wet area because he didn't have irrigation. You’ve got to realize this is back in the ‘30s. He had strawberries and he picked strawberries and peddled them to Hart. And as they say, that’s the rest of the story. From then on, my father and his brother, who was in the Merchant Marines, eked out a living doing strawberries, some cherries, some apples and some pears. My Uncle Carl was a good builder, house builder, and so he decided that that would be a way for him and he left the farm and moved to the Shelby / Stony Lake area. My father and mother, whose name was Margaret, proceeded then to develop some cherry orchards. In the meantime, things were tough. And my dad, as well as a neighbor who lived at Crystal Lake by the name of Eugene Cooney, got into cutting Christmas trees and they would go up to the Manistee National Forest and cut the ends off the big tall trees and bring them back, hang them out in our garage, my father's garage, and my mother would decorate them with tin foil and so forth. And I remember as a little kid in the Willy’s Jeep taking twenty-five of these trees to Grand Rapids or Muskegon for fifty cents apiece, selling decorated Christmas trees. So that is how Rudy and Eugene got started in the Christmas tree business. They realized there was a market for domesticated trees, so the 1 �Growing Community: Oceana’s Agricultural History Project A project supported by a National Endowment for the Humanities Common Heritage Grant Project Director: Melanie Shell-Weiss, GVSU Liberal Studies Department two of them started planting Christmas trees. So now we've got cherries. They had a few apples and Christmas trees. And that was the mainstay of the operation that started. AM: Can I stop you really quick? CF: Yep, please. AM: Were they the first in the state to do the Christmas trees? CF: Yes. AM: OK. CF: Those two guys were the first to start that. And Dad was the first president in the Christmas Tree Growers Association. And it was pretty simplistic back then. Nothing as sophisticated as we have today. Obviously, today's problem is that the artificial tree is decimating the live tree business. Well, Rudy amassed a lot of acres, almost fifteen hundred acres at one time because it took a lot of acres for Christmas trees. In the meantime, he also developed, as well as his neighbors, who your grandparents and your parents did in around the Crystal Lake area. This is in Hart Township, cherries. And we started the cherry business, I can remember as a kid harvesting them with a group called the “Braceros.” And the government allowed these Mexicans and many of them were Indians to come in and help pick, hardworking. And the only thing that I distinctly remember that was the fun part since I was a little kid is we didn't have what today's worldview and I have housing for our people. They had tents, army surplus tents, and we had a city. AM: This would have been in the late ‘50s maybe or early ‘60s? CF: Yeah, it would be in the ‘50s. AM: OK. CF: Yeah, I was pre-teen then. Yes. And I didn't know that these kids were Mexicans or Braceros or whatever they were. We just had a good time. And from early morning to late at night, we hung out. No shoes, a pair of shorts, short shorts, and no shirt. And we ate together and we had a good time. Things started to change in the labor business at that time. And we got labor then from Louisiana. And I don't know, Al, if your folks did or not, these were all Blacks coming up here. And that was the first time in my life that I realized there were different races and we had these different races, different ethnic backgrounds, different work abilities put in our field at the same time. An education, as you and I both handled buckets and pails and ladders and all the things that were required back then. Plus, one picked good branches off a tree and the other one… oh yeah, it was an education. We’ll leave it at that about. The next part that I remember on tart cherries happened behind my father's shop and a guy by the name of Friday, what was his first name? Dave? Powell? AM: Down southern Michigan? CF: Down southern Michigan, had developed a limb shaker. Well, Dr. Monger had... AM: Was it Paul Friday? CF: Could have been Paul Friday… sounds like it. Anyway, he had developed a mechanical means of shaking the cherries off the trees. And the first shakers were nothing more than this mechanical arm 2 �Growing Community: Oceana’s Agricultural History Project A project supported by a National Endowment for the Humanities Common Heritage Grant Project Director: Melanie Shell-Weiss, GVSU Liberal Studies Department attached to a tractor and it would grab a limb and shake it violently. And they had tarps and totes or something under a tree… AM: Wooden boxes? CF: Wooden boxes that they collected them in. I know Russ Robbins ran it the first year and it completely demolished the tractor and he lost - I don't know how many - pounds of weight because this thing just vibrated. Well, the outfit that Friday had brought up to our farm was self-propelled, which meant that he had cobbled up a couple axles off of a Chrysler or something. And the canvas was... it was all mounted on these - how do I put it politely - contraptions? AM and CF: [Laughter] AM: Were these the incline catch frames? CF: The Friday incline… yes. AM: OK. CF: With the Friday Limb Shaker, the Friday Girdler. And it was a matter of about three years or four years and everybody that had one was losing their orchards because it girdled the branches. And we didn't know that at the time. But the thing that bothered - or not bothered, but I remember about the whole thing - was we were harvesting cherries with this new machine right alongside the people that were picking by hand. And I can distinctly remember seeing them in the trees, watching this go by them, and that was the end of their way of life. AM: Yeah. CF: Yeah, it was kind of surprising. Today, it means more to me than it did back then. AM: Did you ever hear of any vandalism of machines? I know I heard of a few, maybe the one year, and then after that it was kind of all over. CF: Yeah, and it was a sporadic thing that happened. Some of the crews were… well, that was the end of their income, you know? AM: Sure, sure. CF: And that's how they picked. Today, we still have handpicked fruit and handpicked asparagus. I don't know how much longer it's going to be with the advent now of the new minimum wage. If anybody's done any simple math, it's humanly impossible to do a piece rate and make minimum wage. So, the next advent after that was all of us, including your folks, we got the new trunk shaker and that was another mechanical device. And now, matter of fact, we're back to the incline plane again. The... I don't know if it's a better idea, but the salesman thought so. [Laughter] So we harvest the cherries. Asparagus… I started planting asparagus when I was a teenager, single bottom plow. Martha Washington crowns produced a good, sweet, big asparagus, but today's marketers want a standardized spear. We have most of our acreage in asparagus, but the biggest issue we have, as well as your farm and all the other neighbors in our neighborhood - what's going to happen harvest-wise with the labor situation? Twenty years from now, it's going to be interesting if they even still have asparagus here in this country. So those two and Christmas trees. The Christmas tree that we started with was the Scotch Pine, and it was a very reasonably priced, fast-growing tree, not a lot of shipping required, but as America grew and got a 3 �Growing Community: Oceana’s Agricultural History Project A project supported by a National Endowment for the Humanities Common Heritage Grant Project Director: Melanie Shell-Weiss, GVSU Liberal Studies Department little more tasteful and demands, they wanted the trees sheared and that's a way of shaping a tree. And as a youngster, I remember having a pair of huge scissors that we'd cut the tree, which took a lot of effort. So, they had to come up with a different way. And a neighbor of ours thought that maybe a good sharp knife would work. Well, he went and bought some butcher knives. Now, these are these five- and ten-pound meat cleavers, will scare the bejeebers out of you! AM: Take your leg off! [Laughter] CF: Well, as you swung that baby, you couldn't stop it and down she'd come. We knew almost instantly that it did a beautiful job, but it would kill somebody or cut their leg off. So, the next thing we came to was a beef carving knife. And most of them came from Germany, had good steel, was flexible. You could still buy the same brand a knife today. They're about fifty bucks a piece now, but that's what we shear with. In today's world, everybody has automatic equipment and we are using, just like you do around your house. It's like a weed whacker, except instead of a string on the end of it, we have a square metal blade and they can very successfully shear a Pine tree. And a quarter of the time they can with a knife, they have a better perspective because they're standing away from it. And guess what? They don't cut their knees all to heck. [Laughter] So, anyway. AM: Which makes OSHA happy. [Laughter] CF: Well, God help us. AM: We don’t want to get into that. [Laughter] CF: We try to avoid MIOSHA or OSHA or we try to keep the guys as safe as possible and we do use leg irons, which is a piece of tin wrapped in canvas that they carry on their leg in case they slip and whack themselves. But I could show you twelve stitches over here that I got. So anyway, that gives a brief overview of what our family's farm did as well as the whole neighborhood. Why don't we just stop for a brief second here and… Alright, we took a little break there. The next section that we talk about is how our farm evolved and got all this work done labor-wise. When I was a youngster around the house, we had chores to do, no livestock, but we had chores to do around the home. But the two of us, I had one brother, and it was the deal that we could get our homework done and then we could go out and play. And God forbid, if my grandkids do it at the age of seven and eight, we were driving a tractor, not exactly safety-approved tractors. And all your folks and we had hand clutches, mechanical springs, a seat that was a stamped-out piece of metal, hot, terribly hot, dirty, dusty. But guess what? It got the job done. So as a youngster, I grew up watching other teenagers and young adults work on the farm. And when I came back from Michigan State, I went and got my degree and I thought… AM: In horticulture? CF: No, I never took an Ag. [agriculture] class the whole time I was down there. AM: OK. CF: I really wanted to get away from it and get into something else. And I decided to go into Administration Teaching and School Administration. So, I'll just give you a little quick synopsis on how I got from that to farming and then I'll get back to the labor. My father died when he was ninety-three, 4 �Growing Community: Oceana’s Agricultural History Project A project supported by a National Endowment for the Humanities Common Heritage Grant Project Director: Melanie Shell-Weiss, GVSU Liberal Studies Department when he was in his late fifties and I was just back from Michigan State and I had a comfortable job. I was a school administrator. We had a young family. It was Christmas. And my dad said, “What do you plan on doing in the future?” And I said, “Well, we're teaching and I've got a good career there.” And he says, “I'd like to retire.” He says, “Why don't you come back and work for me a couple of years?” Well, I was mid-twenties and he lived another forty years and I still work him. [Laughter] AM: [Laughter] CF: I don't know if he ever thought that he was supposed to retire in there. That generation of my dad and Burmeisters and Brandles and the Trommaters and the O'Reilley; once they were in it, they farmed until they died. Well, the other story on labor might be a little more interesting: is since I was young, energetic, I knew a lot of other young people in the area and most of them were about ten, twelve years younger than I was. But they needed jobs. Back in those days, there wasn't that many McDonald's or city jobs that we had around here, and most of the kids wanted to earn something that would give them some money, as well as that they would be able to see the practical purpose, because that was about the only industry we had in the area was Ag. related. So, we had over a period of time and I looked back on this between two and three hundred teenagers, and I've got their names and all the hours they were… AM: The old check stubs? CF: The old check stubs... that worked for us and these guys would come out after school, just like you did with your family. There was about eight of them that I can remember very distinctly, and we would pick - from three thirty until dark, if had to - asparagus fields. Twenty-five… never give it a blink. If I asked my grandson today to go pick asparagus, he's not a laborer. He just drives equipment, so. But we did everything: we planted the asparagus, we planted Christmas trees. This mechanical device, the shaker that we had, we shook the trees with that. We thought we were pretty hot stuff. It was a team effort. I don't know, Al, how many you had, but in our group with one roll out, we were, I think, about eight or ten guys and we ended up putting mattresses in the barn because we would start at five, fivethirty. And for them, most of them didn't have a driver's license. So, they, at night, the folks would take them home or somebody would take them home. They would shower and eat. And pretty soon they would all wander back and dead tired. So, we'd sleep there and I'd go down and wake them up. About seven, seven thirty, my wife would have amassed a huge breakfast and everybody ate; it didn't matter what you had, you ate. And then we worked the full day, maybe nine o'clock at night and started it all over. Did this for three weeks straight. But everything, Christmas trees, were all harvested with these young guys. Your neighbor, Mark, he worked; Rich De Ridder. [?] AM: If I remember right, you developed a real sense of camaraderie doing it, too. I mean, the guys were kind of like a team. CF: It was; it was a team. And I know that my son and his friend, Tim Tubbs, nobody could beat the Tubbs. That was just the way it was. Well, there was several days there that one summer that we were getting a hundred tanks in eight hours. And Dwight would go right over and tell him Tim, you know, yeah talk about… [laughter]. AM: Now, we’ve got to get a hundred and one, right? 5 �Growing Community: Oceana’s Agricultural History Project A project supported by a National Endowment for the Humanities Common Heritage Grant Project Director: Melanie Shell-Weiss, GVSU Liberal Studies Department CF: You guys are slackers. [Laughter] But everything was done until about, I would say, two thousand five or six. And pretty soon there just wasn't any high school kids. Not that they weren't available. It's just there was other jobs opened up. We have this huge resort area here. Why do you want to go out and drag a tarp when you can stand out at a concession stand with cute little girls and air conditioning and pop; it doesn't take a rocket scientist to figure that one out. [Laughter] AM: [Laughter] That's genetics, man. AM and CF: [Laughter] CF: Yeah, well, that's why we only have Hispanics working on our farm. And I would dare say that the younger generation is really missing out on the training. I have had… two years ago, I had the example, we went to a family wedding and this young man came up to me, now he's pushing fifty? And he said, “Mr. Fuehring” and I looked at him, I says, “What do you mean, Mr. Fuehring? That's my dad.” Well, he said, “You don't remember me, I'm Kurt.” I says, “Okay, it's been a while.” Well, he’d moved to California and he said he just couldn't handle it, staying home here anymore. There was really no jobs for him. So, he went to California and his first day out there, he got a job as a laborer digging a trench for underground gas lines. And he said, “I started that early morning and by noon I was in charge of the crew.” And he said, “Two weeks later, I was a foreman on that crew.” And today he's got several of these units that he directs. And he brought his son here from California who was a teenager, just like he was when he worked for me. And he says, “I want you to meet the guy that showed me how to work.” And Al, you know, this is a fact. You've got many relations and many friends and you worked all different kinds of businesses. These young men and women, anywhere they went they were successful because they worked on these farms. They knew how if something had fallen down or broken or tripped or... grab it, fix it, do it. Don't stand there. I feel, like I said, kind of sorry for the next generation. They have no incentive, so grab a kid and put them to work. [Laughter] AM: Yeah, exactly. CF: …if they could. I’ve got to tell you a little short story here. I'm starting to bore everybody. I had a neighbor, Mike Fenton, great kid, strong as an ox, and the guy could do anything. Well, he had two friends. One of them now works for the United States government in some military capacity, and the other one works here in the state. And they were both very, very sharp young men in computers. Well, I hollered at the two of them in the shop one day to change the tire on a baler. This is an outfit that wraps Christmas trees. And a few minutes later, I came out of the office and here they are on their hands and knees, laying alongside this thing, looking at this machine. Well, Mike came walking in. And I said, Mikey, show those two Einsteins how to change a tire. You know, they could write a computer program. So, Mike showed the boys how it's a simple thing, changing a tire, you know. AM: They wanted to redesign the tire... CF: Redesign, reinvent the wheel - you bet. CF: Well, what we've got a tangent on here is old versus... ways and new ways of horticultural practices. And what we had talking about briefly with the microphone off was what varieties are coming up in like Christmas trees or fruit and so forth, and the costs, different costs of putting them in. We'll start with the last one that Al and I were talking about, Christmas trees. In today's world, it's very difficult to sell fresh Christmas trees. The costs have increased because our input costs have increased. But the 6 �Growing Community: Oceana’s Agricultural History Project A project supported by a National Endowment for the Humanities Common Heritage Grant Project Director: Melanie Shell-Weiss, GVSU Liberal Studies Department American public is extremely fussy and they're not tolerant of new ways in trees. One of them is that they want the newest, the best, the fanciest, the cutest. And that would be the Fraser fir, which was developed in North Carolina to try and compete with our Douglas fir. We have two varieties of the Douglas fir: the regular [?] and then the white Concolor fir and we can grow them around here, but they require a huge amount of hand labor. Now, the Concolor fir, Noble fir in Europe, they - the public in Europe, Germany, France and so forth - do not have a tree, a sheared tree, it's a wild tree. And I've seen this several times. I was taking lots of pictures when I was over there trying to show my customers they don't need to shear them. They have a very natural tree. Here in the United States, there's a few markets that people will sell us out of a thousand trees, maybe ten or twelve naturals, but they've got to have this cone shape. To get a tree started today in the ground, anywhere from 15 cents to 50 cents to plant it. And then on a Douglas fir, you've probably got ten or twelve years before you could even harvest. In that time, you've got shearing, you've got to keep the bugs away, you've got fertilizer. It's very expensive. And the return is diminished because the popularity of live tree. We're going through a change here; we've got to have the artificial tree and they are gorgeous. And you've got to realize both spouses are working. They leave the house in the morning. If they have children, those are gone. Nobody's there to water the tree. When they come home at night, they have to prepare a meal. And if they then had to go pick up pine needles or water a tree, pretty soon this is just way too much work and there's a lot of allergies with them. So, I'm not trying to not sell Christmas trees, but it's a fact of life. Now, back to what you and I do the best is planting fruit trees. And we were looking at a picture here that's going to be in this that his grandfather had when I first started and I'm not as old as his grandfather was when this picture was drawn. We would measure... physically measure out an orchard and plot it and steak. If we had a thousand trees, we had a thousand stakes in that orchard where every tree went. And then they would, originally, with these high school kids, I went out and the first job we would do and it would take a week to do it on that one block by my house, is we physically dug the holes. We didn't have a mechanical auger. That was a big invention or improvement, I should say, as we'd go out and dig those. Today... AM: Until you hit a rock. CF: Until you hit rock and then you had to dig everything out. Yeah, and then what are you going to do because this rock is huge and that's where a tree's supposed to be. In today's world, you pick out where you want your first row at the distance apart from each other. And I don't know how to do it, my grandson does. You program this into this computer and the tractor drives a straight row. We can plant four thousand trees in eight hours easy. And I think they're in better than the other way. Varieties, now you get into the fun, you want them blue, green, yellow, white, every apple. How many would you guess varieties you could have? A couple of hundred? AM: Easy. CF: Yeah. With all the different rootstocks. It's the same with cherries; not so many, but we've got choices of rootstocks. You got an investment, I'm going to throw some numbers out, you tell me how far off I am. On a regular tart cherry, in today's world, by the time I get it in the ground and this is a five eighths inch diameter tree with a wrap on it. I've got ten bucks into that tree. Is that about right? AM: I would say. 7 �Growing Community: Oceana’s Agricultural History Project A project supported by a National Endowment for the Humanities Common Heritage Grant Project Director: Melanie Shell-Weiss, GVSU Liberal Studies Department CF: Alright, now the good stuff starts. [Laughter] You’ve got to - and I haven't until I saw the results that my neighbor was doing - you’ve got to put irrigation in. The mechanical part of irrigation is a dollar a tree. If you couldn't get away with it. What really kicked me down was it had to be done, but I guess the way I did it was kind of dumb, is I told the guy to drill a well and I got the bill after it was in. [Laughter] Oh, mercy. This is not my grandfather's two inch well. [Laughter] Yeah, very high tech. So, you've got another thirty, forty thousand dollars. Now on these high-density apples that your neighbor and my neighbor has put in, you can have twenty-five, thirty thousand dollars I think in an acre of just the trees. Then you've got the irrigation, the trellis, deer fence. I think [?] block out here, I think that fifteen acres was almost four hundred and fifty thousand dollars. AM: Those are the... CF: SweeTangos. AM: SweeTangos. CF: Yeah. AM: You know… CF: That’s a lot of [?]. AM: Well, and that's a big, big risk. And we've seen it go south and there goes your... well, it takes the money away from other stuff that's making money and pretty soon you’re… CF: Yeah, and we haven't talked about the tractor, the special little tractor, because you can't have a regular size orchard tractor, you've got to get one of those. And that with a cab is about what, sixty-four thousand, if I remember right. The sprayer... Mark just got a PTO sprayer to fit down that and that's thirty-five thousand. The engine drive, the same thing is seventy-two grand. And we haven't got an apple one yet. Yeah. AM: I used to get a kick out of the neighbors who weren't in farming, many of them were then, but now they see your truck go around the corner with fourteen tanks of cherries and they've seen the paper and it says they’re thirty-five cents a pound this year and they know there’s a thousand pounds in the tank and they think, man alive, there goes fifteen grand of cherries. CF: You rich farmers. Yeah. That's all. And they've got this all figured out before you even talk with them how much you've made on this thing. But they have no concept of the eight years that that cherry tree is in the ground before you can shake one cherry. Every year it's got to get fed fertilizer. It's got to get pruned. It's got to be sprayed. That's what we're just finishing now. AM: What would you tell somebody that wants to get into farming? A young person that maybe is a sharp business person, hardworking, but thinks they want to farm. What would you tell them? Could you even do it or what would you tell them? CF: Marry the boss's daughter. [Laughter] Well, you know, that's a very legitimate good question. And it would be very pertinent to this thing that's going on today. First off, I don't believe if this person were... let's start over. If this person was not connected, family-wise or marriage-wise, to somebody in an existing farm, the chances of that person getting into or succeeding would be zero or less. The purchasing of the property, first of all, is one or renting or leasing it; if it was profitable, that farm, the 8 �Growing Community: Oceana’s Agricultural History Project A project supported by a National Endowment for the Humanities Common Heritage Grant Project Director: Melanie Shell-Weiss, GVSU Liberal Studies Department payments, depending upon the year, you probably couldn't make payments just off of that farm, you have to have some other collateral. Equipment, I'm going to say something, Alan, you throw your sense in there. Without being a spendthrift and having to buy all brand-new stuff, just to go in and get stuff that's operating and not junk. I don't know if you could do it for under a million dollars. Tractor, sprayer...a cab tractor today and a sprayer engine drive is a hundred and fifty thousand dollars. Mower twenty thousand. The trucks, the wells, everything. AM: The harvester that sits there eleven months out of the year. CF: Yeah. [Laughter] That's kind of discouraging to the young person. They had a program and I don't know if Michigan State still has it or not. But they used to have a program for that person that was not a son or grandson or had an uncle or something, that they would team up with elderly or older farmers that would like to retire but don't have any way of transitioning this farm. This is what, Fred, how Fred got started with the farmer north of Hart, because he was from Hart. He didn't have anything to do with farming. AM: Fred Tubbs? CF: Fred Tubbs. AM: Really. CF: And he - and I don't know the farmer's name - he was well known and he befriended Fred. And Fred was a very strong, willing guy and he was a quick learner. But… AM: I think more of this is going to have to happen. I talked to Brad, who's connected with going out and procuring fruit. And one of the questions that was given to him was ask the growers how they are going to pass down their farms and who's even interested in farming coming up. And I think he told me almost 50 percent have no one coming up or to transfer to. What's going to happen? Big concern here. CF: Yeah, there’s two avenues for these farmers: sell out to a neighbor and that guy gets bigger and bigger, bigger, which is what my neighbor is doing. He's got three sons, I guess, and they've tripled in size. A normal man, that was a one-horse operation. Yeah, you have basically two choices: either sell out to somebody or have somebody come in that you could work with. It's a huge undertaking on both parts because the older man, that's his retirement. And if the young farmer can have a successful operation and give him some payments, but if you have a bad year or let's say the guy is - how do I put this nicely? He's not attentive to what he's doing and he blows a crop. Now they're both out and this elderly man would have a huge financial risk at hand. Yeah, it would be very tough. I don't know if the other interviewees would be given that question, but I think that would be interesting to see what other kind of answers you get. AM: Yeah. What do you think about the - this is shifting gears here - the quality of the land itself? Now, I've seen a lot of pictures in the past. The trees were bigger. Are we depleting our soil or do you think we're doing a pretty good job of being a husband and, you know, of keeping it… passing along in good shape? CF: Most of the young commercial farmers, I think, are extremely attentive to what they're doing. There are a few farms in the area within a few miles that lack the husbandry; they just haven't fertilized, they are depleting it. Yeah, you can drive by and the leaves are going, yeah. Yes, there is problems on certain 9 �Growing Community: Oceana’s Agricultural History Project A project supported by a National Endowment for the Humanities Common Heritage Grant Project Director: Melanie Shell-Weiss, GVSU Liberal Studies Department things. Most, in today's world with the pressure of watching out for what's going on. I have this asparagus tour to think about and they come up and that is just about the second or third question every time. What are you doing to the soil? Are you putting on pesticides? What kind of fertilizers are using? What are you doing for safety? Fifteen years ago, nobody would have even thought about it. But in today's world, if you as a farmer aren't paying attention to what you have, boy, you're in deep trouble. I don't see how you can't. AM: It's almost difficult to get loans and get financing if you're not doing good practices, too, isn't it? I mean, they’ve pretty well got you locked in now. CF: Oh, yeah. I just keep telling the guy from the bank any time he wants to come out, I got a cushion for him to sit on the picker. [Laughter] AM: [Laughter] Well, I'll speak just for real briefly. We'll wrap this up. CF: Alright, Sir. AM: What do you think in general about farming life? You know, there's a lot of different ways to be raised, to be brought up. I've got my own feeling on it. But what do you think about the rural life and being brought up on a farm? What's it done for you? And what do you… what are the strengths to it? CF: Well, that's about a six-hour discussion. [Laughter] You know, at my age, and I'm a tad older than you are. AM: Tell me how old you are. CF: I'm seventy-three. AM: OK. CF: And I have had a good life, I've had the opportunity to live in the city, I've had an opportunity to work in a city, I had the free choice to make decisions, what I wanted to do. I am very thankful at the life that I have had and that I have chosen. You're, no matter what, you're always envious of some friends that have done something different. And I wished that I would have had the opportunity to do some other things, not different careers, but just some other opportunities. But just like you, Al, we picked and choosed and we did and stuck with it. For me and my personal lifestyle, I really enjoy the rural area, but it is a lifestyle. You have to realize that when there has to be something done, you do it. And if there's a party in Muskegon or somewhere else and you have to get a spray on, that's just tough. I don't know if the younger generation realizes that because everything we do, we see the direct results. AM: You’ve got skin in the game, CF: You got skin in the game. The mentality of the rural people - and I deal with this all the time because I'm on a township board - a lot more common sense, down to earth, and I think they are closely related to what God gives you, God can take away and we’ve got to watch what we've got. They don't fritter away life's things; they enjoy it. It's just, my wife and I were discussing the other day the lightning storm that came in. We turned all the lights off and we sat for an hour and a half watching the lightning storm. I have some other friends that we talked to and my God, they were just having a canary because of this lightning and they couldn't go out and the TV wasn't working. And I'm thinking, you know, that's one of the pleasures that you have going out on the patio and just no TV, no radio, just listening to it rain. Now, 10 �Growing Community: Oceana’s Agricultural History Project A project supported by a National Endowment for the Humanities Common Heritage Grant Project Director: Melanie Shell-Weiss, GVSU Liberal Studies Department maybe I'm committable. I don't know, probably depending on who you're talking to, but those are pleasures that you get from appreciating the lifestyle... AM: Yep. CF: ...we’re in and where we are. AM: We're blessed. CF: We sure are. Well, Al, I really want to thank you for stopping by the other day and inviting me. This has been a pleasure. AM: Thank you, for sharing. I think future generations are going to enjoy listening to this and shaking their heads and laughing at the old guys anyway. [Laughter] CF: [Laughter] Well, you're not old, but it's always been a pleasure talking with you. AM: Okay, this is Al Moul. I don't know if I even said that in the beginning of doing the interview. And this is my neighbor, Carl Fuehring, and I appreciate him coming in. So, thanks, Carl. CF: Thank you. 11 � https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4b572b97806912d780f8216d02d73985.mp3 395e70734a0c2fbd0834fe0536331aac Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Oceana County Migrant Labor History Collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Shell-Weiss, Melanie Description An account of the resource Collection contains images and documents digitized and collected through the project "Growing Community: A Century of Migration in Oceana County." This project was a collaboration between El Centro Hispano de Oceana, the Oceana County Historical and Genealogical Society, and Grand Valley State University funded by a Common Heritage grant from the United States National Endowment for the Humanities. The materials in this collection document the history of communities in Hart, Shelby, and Walkerville and explore themes of migration, labor, religion, family, belonging, national and cultural identities, regional, national, and international connections, and citizenship. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Oceana County (Mich.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Grand Valley State University. Kutsche Office of Local History Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource El Centro Hispano de Oceana; Oceana County Historical and Genealogical Society Relation A related resource Growing Community (NEH Common Heritage project) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-06 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf image/jpeg audio/mp3 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Image Sound recording Language A language of the resource eng spa Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016 Subject The topic of the resource Oceana County (Mich.) Hart (Mich.) Shelby (Mich.) Farms Farmers Migrant agricultural laborers Hispanic Americans Account books Diaries Oral history Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-06_Fuehring_Carl Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Fuehring, Carl Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-06-18 Title A name given to the resource Fuehring, Carl (audio interview and transcript) Description An account of the resource Oral history interview with Carl Fuehring. Interviewed by Alan Moul on June 18, 2016 in Hart, Michigan. English language. Carl Fuehring was born into a fruit and Christmas tree growing family in the Crystal Lake area of Hart, Michigan. He spent his youth helping around the farm and later went on to study Administration Teaching and School Administration at Michigan State University. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Moul, Alan (interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oceana County (Mich.) Hart (Mich.) Farms Farmers Fruit growers Christmas tree growing Michigan State University Audio recordings Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Growing Community (NEH Common Heritage) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/278c2f7566b9dc3c74c940e3a6b70086.jpg bedcd77143eb6919a5ba5a99eb27c5c1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Naval Recognition Training Slides Subject The topic of the resource Slides Military education Airplanes, Military--Recognition Warships--Recognition World War, 1939-1945 Description An account of the resource Slides developed during World War II as a training tool, for top-side battle-station personnel on board ship and for all aircraft personnel, by the US Navy. In 1942 a Recognition School was established by the Navy at Ohio State University where the method of identification was developed. In 1943 the school was taken over by the US Navy. The importance of training in visual recognition of ships and aircraft became even more evident during World War II. Mistakes resulting in costly errors and loss of life led to an increased emphasis on recognition as a vital skill. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource United States. Navy Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides (RHC-50)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-04-04 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-50 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1943-1953 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="http://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides, RHC-50</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-50_M1496 Title A name given to the resource Fulmar British fleet air arm fighter aircraft Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource United States. Navy Description An account of the resource Fulmar British fleet air arm fighter aircraft, May 27, 1943. Subject The topic of the resource United States. Navy Great Britain Military education World War, 1939-1945 Airplanes, Military--Recognition Slides Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Naval recognition slides (RHC-50) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1943-05-27 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c1a632110e18f59bd6acf3a4f57b7bb8.jpg d6f67f29b19691995b56bf3089e1f2ae Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Naval Recognition Training Slides Subject The topic of the resource Slides Military education Airplanes, Military--Recognition Warships--Recognition World War, 1939-1945 Description An account of the resource Slides developed during World War II as a training tool, for top-side battle-station personnel on board ship and for all aircraft personnel, by the US Navy. In 1942 a Recognition School was established by the Navy at Ohio State University where the method of identification was developed. In 1943 the school was taken over by the US Navy. The importance of training in visual recognition of ships and aircraft became even more evident during World War II. Mistakes resulting in costly errors and loss of life led to an increased emphasis on recognition as a vital skill. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource United States. Navy Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides (RHC-50)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-04-04 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-50 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1943-1953 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="http://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides, RHC-50</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-50_M2603 Title A name given to the resource Fulton class anti-submarine Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource United States. Navy Description An account of the resource US AS, Fulton class, January 15, 1944. Subject The topic of the resource United States. Navy World War, 1939-1945 Military education Warships--Recognition Slides Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Naval recognition slides (RHC-50) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1944-01-15 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives