329 24 26018 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4201b3f1c3409a19e4bf55441cf2f577.jpg a0188ead3feacab4111b03842984914a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_D235-0015 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1963-08-25 Title A name given to the resource Folk Singer Bob Rosenthal Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of folk singer, Robert "Bob" Rosenthal, performing on a rooftop in New York City, New York. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Folk music Folk musicians Folk singers New York (N.Y.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/11f54c9448aad48b3a2f06184749e25b.jpg f9f799d1b8fd7b00891c98bd15d56c61 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_D235-0027 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1963-08-25 Title A name given to the resource Folk Singer Bob Rosenthal Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of folk singer, Robert "Bob" Rosenthal, singing and playing an acoustic guitar on a rooftop in New York City, New York. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Folk music Folk musicians Folk singers New York (N.Y.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/352925b6208ee6d9e44ca1dd18b8ecf8.jpg cb148cde77a4aa5d9d3ec3920f989d7b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1960s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000897 Title A name given to the resource Folk singers Description An account of the resource Folk singers, 1969. Subject The topic of the resource Events Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/a64537fa3d3c8085cf5f8d006670ae42.jpg c95c429d9a2535552679d15ce57bb1f1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1960s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000913 Title A name given to the resource Folk singers performing Description An account of the resource Folk singers performing, 1968. Subject The topic of the resource Events Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/9ba8c8cd448ab52e7ecf83645719bcca.m4v fc55c81336a5a17d11fdac9a58b190cd https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/a47350cf0874b2c4ce6c9e727c12f8e1.pdf 141a38ee2113983ddc9f3bb2ec2a4344 PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans History Project Interview Dorothy Folkema Interviewer: James Smither Transcribed by Emilee G. Johnson, Western Michigan University Length: 35:42 James Smither: We’re talking today with Dorothy Folkema of Kentwood, Michigan, the interviewer is James Smither of the Grand Valley State University Veterans’ History Project. And Mrs. Folkema, can you begin by giving us some background on yourself, to start with, tell us where and when you were born. Dorothy Folkema: I was born in Grand Rapids, right on Knap????? Avenue, in fact, not far from, not far out of town, but we didn’t stay on that farm long, we moved into a small farm north of Lowell, in Keen?????? Township. James Smither: And what year were you born? Dorothy Folkema: I was born in 1922. James Smither: And then when did you move out of Grand Rapids? Dorothy Folkema: Well, I can’t even remember, I was just that young. James Smither: And then did you grow up out there in the country? Dorothy Folkema: Then, yes, then I grew up out there. Then we moved on a farm, and I remember that, a farm in ???? Township, and I remember taking the cattle, walking the cattle, 1:00 with my dad, and it was a small farm. And lovely neighbors and there’s where I grew up and went to grade school and, until I graduated, of course, in 8th grade. And then I came into Grand Rapids to live with my older sister and go to school. James Smither: Now, did your family keep that farm in the ‘30s, or? Dorothy Folkema: My dad, my [unintelligible], they kept that farm for a long, long time. We had a chestnut grove on the farm, and that was our way of making a good living. Paying our farm off, I’m sure, and then my folks, my father passed away. That was long after I was married. And then my mother finally had to sell the farm. James Smither: Did your father do any other work during this period, or? Dorothy Folkema: No, no. He was just a farmer. James Smither: And was it the chestnuts themselves or the wood from the trees? �Dorothy Folkema: No, the chestnuts themselves, and course, 2:00 they got a disease in them and were wiped out completely. And that was kind of sad because they were beautiful, they were a beautiful grove of trees. James Smither: And then you said, once you finished 8th grade, so did you go to high school, or? Dorothy Folkema: Then I went to, into Grand Rapids, in fact, right by the old Kent County Airport. And I stayed with, and I lived with my sister and her family and went to high school. James Smither: And which high school did you attend? Dorothy Folkema: Godwin. James Smither: And how far was that from your home? Dorothy Folkema: Oh, a mile. But my, I have a niece that’s two years younger than me, and she drove a Model T Ford back and forth to school. James Smither: Now, what year did you finish high school? Dorothy Folkema: I didn’t. I quit high school to go to work. Because I started to go with my husband, and of course, money was very short. 3:00 And jobs were very scarce and I found a job, and so I quit school to go to work. James Smither: All right. Now, when did you meet your husband? Dorothy Folkema: I met my husband in 1939. Yeah, so ’39. On a blind date. James Smither: Now, was he in school himself, or was he out working? Dorothy Folkema: He was out working. James Smither: And what kind of work was he doing? Dorothy Folkema: Anything he could get. Jobs were very hard to find. James Smither: And what kind of job did you find? Dorothy Folkema: I went to work at Veltman Cookie Company. Cause I could get a job there. James Smither: And what kind of work was that? What were you doing for them? Dorothy Folkema: We packed cookies. James Smither: Ok. What did that pay, do you remember? �Dorothy Folkema: .25 cents an hour. If I worked 54 hours, I made $17. James Smither: 54 hours? And did you do that regularly? Dorothy Folkema: Well, we didn’t get that many hours in. James Smither: And then when did you get married? Dorothy Folkema: We got married in ’41. In April of ’41. James Smither: And were you still working at the cookie company at that time? Dorothy Folkema: Mmhmm, but then I quit, because, oh, I couldn’t be working because, possibly, he could get called up for service, and it wouldn’t be a good idea I’d be working. James Smither: Well, why would that be a problem? Dorothy Folkema: It was if, well he, he claimed that he had to take care of his family. His father had passed away. Or, his father at that time was ill. And he claimed he had to keep, take care of the family to keep out of service. He did everything to keep out of service, I’ll be very frank. And it finally didn’t work. James Smither: No, it didn’t work. And we have an interview with him in our collection how he ended up on Omaha Beach on D-Day, so… Dorothy Folkema: Yep, he ended up on Omaha Beach on D-Day. 5:00 James Smither: So, basically, what you were trying to do, was sort of help with his deferment status. Dorothy Folkema: Yes, uh huh. And we stayed with his folks. James Smither: And then when did he get drafted? Dorothy Folkema: He went in in, see, ’43, September of ’43. Our daughter was born in February of ’43. James Smither: And so you were living at his parents’ house, you had a baby at home, and he gets drafted. All right. What did you do once he went off to train? Dorothy Folkema: Well I stayed with, continued with his father that had passed away in January, before our daughter was born. And then I stayed living with the family, there was three children living at home, now. And I had a family. I had it good, I had a wonderful family. �James Smither: Now, tell me about, just what, sort of, daily life was like, in that period before he’s gone. What kinds of problems or things 6:00 did you have to deal with then that people today wouldn’t be familiar with? Dorothy Folkema: Oh, I really can’t think I involved in, there was nothing. James Smither: Well, what about things, you had rationing at that time? Dorothy Folkema: I can’t remember what, possibly we did, but having three more children at home, rationing wasn’t… You couldn’t afford to buy much anyway, so. [laughs] James Smither: But did you have to use coupons to buy things like sugar? Dorothy Folkema: Yes, we had to use coupons to buy sugar. I don’t think flour, and I can’t remember, and shoes, and gasoline. Gasoline. James Smither: Now, were the kinds of things you needed for, you know, your baby or your children and so forth, were those relatively easy to get? Dorothy Folkema: Yes, I mean, I had no problem with that. I, yeah, you could get that, 7:00 not the best in the West, but, I mean, it wasn’t like you could get today. If you had a baby bottle, you didn’t throw it away. Cause there wasn’t, well, you couldn’t afford to buy a lot of things anyway. No, my baby was well-supplied with essentials that she needed. James Smither: Ok, and what did you do for fun on the occasions that you got to have any? What would you do for entertainment then? Dorothy Folkema: At that time? Go to relatives. Went to a sister’s house. We could go to a sister’s house and play cards. But we weren’t allowed to play cards at his house because they were “devil cards.” James Smither: Ok, and let’s see, did you go to church every week? Dorothy Folkema: Oh, yes, went to church every Sunday. And grandma usually took care of the baby. Let’s see, she’d go in the morning, and 8:00 I’d go at night and she’d take care of my baby. James Smither: Now, did you have a lot of friends your own age that you saw much of, or did you not see much of them when you left school, or? Dorothy Folkema: No, I didn’t see much of them after I left school. Relatives, family, and course, my folks on the farm, we went out there. And my husband loved to go out �there because he liked to hunt. And we’d go out to the farm quite often, because he loved small game hunting. James Smither: Now, did you have a radio that you listened to, or? Dorothy Folkema: Yes, we listened to the radio, course, no television, at that time. James Smither: And were there particular programs or things that you liked to listen to or you remember, or? Dorothy Folkema: Oh, I can’t remember any particular thing. James Smither: Now, do you remember how you heard about Pearl Harbor? Dorothy Folkema: Yes. 9:00 We were out, it was on a Sunday, we were out to the farm, out to my folks, and we had the radio on in the car, on the way home. That’s when we heard it. And we knew. James Smither: Now at that point did you or your husband have siblings or relatives who were already in the military at that time, or? Dorothy Folkema: No, no. James Smither: There was a draft already. Dorothy Folkema: There was a draft already, oh, there, my husband’s birthday is October 13, or October 16, and he, they had to register, and he had to register on his birthday, he, yep. That was a sad day. James Smither: Now, before he was actually called up, did he go and report different places or do physicals and things like that? Dorothy Folkema: Bigelow Field on Division Avenue, that’s where, and I got to where I didn’t even want to ride down Division Avenue. 10:00 Because there was a fear of all those, the numbers were listed. James Smither: So the numbers were listed, you say, was there the equivalent of a lottery, or? Dorothy Folkema: Yeah, to get called up! James Smither: And they were calling up pretty large chunks of each group too, a lot of people. Dorothy Folkema: Yes, but they weren’t, they called singled first and then married men with, that had a dependent. I can’t just remember how it went, but, eventually, then, he did get called up. �James Smither: So he didn’t have a particular kind of job, then, that would give him necessarily a deferment? Dorothy Folkema: He worked at Kalvinator. He was doing war work at that time. But it wasn’t, they didn’t defer him. James Smither: At a certain point they just needed enough people to come in as replacements, so he did that. All right, and then what was your response 11:00 sort of, as a family, when you found out— Dorothy Folkema: We were all devastated. That he would be getting called up and he had to go in September. James Smither: And were you following the news of the war pretty carefully, or paying attention? Dorothy Folkema: No. I ignored it. That’s how I handled it. His mother did, she followed it, and it made a wreck out of her. And I, I’m in my married little life and my little girl and, she was spoiled rotten, and made the best of it. That’s the way you did it. No help, at that time, there was no help. People get all kinds of help today, there was nothing. Nothing. James Smither: And what kind of help are you referring to here? Dorothy Folkema: Like babysitting. There was no daycare centers. There was no place to take your child. You had to go to 12:00 work. He left. And I suppose I could’ve gone back home on the farm with the folks, but there was nothing there. I vaguely drove. I hardly drove before he left, I didn’t have a drivers’ license, and I said to, I got a job at Lear’s and I hitch-hiked back and forth to work, and I didn’t drive, because I didn’t drive much, I didn’t have a drivers’ license, and I said to one of the girls at work, “I need a drivers’ license,” and she said, “Well, I’ll go with you.” Bless her heart, her name was Irma, and she went with me, down on Hall Street, to a little brick building, Snyder, I think his name was, took me for a ride around the block, didn’t ask me to park [laughs], and gave me my drivers’ 13:00 license. That’s how I got my drivers’ license. James Smither: All right, I think a lot of people who go through driver education now would think that’s a pretty good deal! Dorothy Folkema: Oh, my goodness. There was no drivers education, course, there was no cars on the road, either. James Smither: Right. And he understood that you basically had to get to work, and… �Dorothy Folkema: Mmhmm James Smither: All right, now, tell me a little about the job. How did you get the job? Dorothy Folkema: You went and put in an application. I had a friend, her name was Nellie and she needed to go to work too, and I had to, so we both went and put our application in and was hired. And oh, then, by that time, they hired everybody. Anybody and everybody. James Smither: So what kind of work were you doing there? Dorothy Folkema: I did, I wound armatures. James Smither: Can you describe that, physically, a little bit for people who don’t know what that is? Dorothy Folkema: Well, it’s a little gadget that goes in a motor, that’s all I can tell you. And you wind wires in it and it’s precision work. And it was very, 14:00 very pleasant work. Everyone was very pleasant to work with and you had a quota to get out and I really enjoyed. James Smither: So did you work in a big room with a bunch of other people? Dorothy Folkema: Oh, yeah, you had your table and chair. Table and chair and the girl brought your equipment to you and… James Smither: So did you talk to other people while you…? Dorothy Folkema: Oh yeah, you could, sure. Sure. James Smither: And about how many people working together in the same place, do you think? Dorothy Folkema: We probably had about ten or twelve. James Smither: Ok, so it’s not a gigantic… Dorothy Folkema: Well, there was people all around us in different sections working. James Smither: Right. And you had your own particular section. And what sort of people are working alongside you? Dorothy Folkema: Oh, just people like myself, some of them were single girls, some were married, husbands overseas, like myself. James Smither: But all women? �Dorothy Folkema: All women. Mmhmm. 15:00 The men, any man was young, under 18, or crippled that couldn’t go to the service. James Smither: Now were there men in other parts of the factory? Dorothy Folkema: Oh, yeah, older men. James Smither: Older men. Dorothy Folkema: Older men, beyond going. James Smither: Ok, and what did this job pay? Do you remember that? Dorothy Folkema: .75 cents an hour. James Smither: Ok, so it was a lot better than packing cookies then. All right. Now was your husband sending money home or did part of his paycheck come to you? Dorothy Folkema: Well, the government gave you $50 a month. And you got $20 if you had a child, so I got $80 a month. James Smither: So were you able to save anything at that time? Dorothy Folkema: Oh, yes! I lived on my money that I made and I, yes. Can I tell you this story? James Smither: Yes. Dorothy Folkema: We had bought 16:00 a house in May. Jane was born in February and we bought a little house in May. And it had renters in it, and we stayed, living with his mother, and kept the renters in the house. They were an old couple. And they paid $20 a month rent. So I got my $80 a month, and my $20 a month, and I put it together, and paid for the house. Yep, and then saved money after that. James Smither: Now, once your husband had headed off to go into training, did you write to each other? Dorothy Folkema: Oh yes, every day. We didn’t know what to write. I remember being so bored. What do you write every day? You go to work, you get up in the morning, you have breakfast, you go to work, you hitchhike, you get a ride with a truck driver, you get to work. It was the same old thing every day, it was so bored. 17:00 And he couldn’t write anything. He wrote practically all the time, if he could, but he couldn’t… James Smither: He couldn’t say much. �Dorothy Folkema: He couldn’t say much. James Smither: Now, when he did write to you, did his letters sometimes come back with things cut out of them? Dorothy Folkema: Oh, yeah. James Smither: Blacked out? Dorothy Folkema: About all were blacked out. James Smither: And did he also use the V Mails? Dorothy Folkema: The V Mail. That was later, a little later on and then he used V Mail. James Smither: Can you describe what the V Mail was or what it looked like? Dorothy Folkema: It was a sheet of paper and it was, I think it was photographed. And you got the photograph copy. James Smither: So it almost looks like a negative copy, sort of white on black or whatever. Dorothy Folkema: Yes. James Smither: [unintelligible] Now those hold up pretty well. Dorothy Folkema: Oh yeah, yeah. I wish I’d kept more of them. James Smither: All right, now, did it help him to get letters from you, did he appreciate that? Dorothy Folkema: Oh, yes, uh huh. I remember once incident, I wrote him a letter, if you ever come home, I’ll rub your back every night. 18:00 And so he cut that out and saved it. [laughs] James Smither: Now, did he get to come home at all? Dorothy Folkema: Oh no, no, no. Well, when he was in basic, yes. Not when he was in basic. He was in basic training for six weeks, in Stark, Florida. And then after basic training he came home, and then was going to be shipped right out. And he would’ve been shipped to Italy, but then he got pneumonia, and was in the hospital, and then came home on a convalescent furlough. And then was shipped right out from there. And then he went to England, of course, I didn’t know that, but he went to England. James Smither: Well what was it like having him home again, just a little while after he got started? �Dorothy Folkema: Well, it was a pleasure, we had fun and went visiting, and course, we had the baby and… James Smither: And then once he heads out again, how long 19:00 did it take for you to hear from him? Dorothy Folkema: It was quite a while before I heard from him, and we were going to get this little thing going where he put my middle initial, but we never could solve it. It would be Dorothy I or E, or whatever, but we never could solve it. James Smither: And that was supposed to tip off where he was. Dorothy Folkema: Yeah, where he was, but he never could tell where he was. I had no idea whether he went to Japan or whether he went to Europe. James Smither: And then, you had mentioned before, you didn’t follow the news of the war, did that change once he was in, or? Dorothy Folkema: I followed to a certain extent, but no, when you have a family at home, how can you listen to a radio that much? His mother, of course, I remember invasion morning, 20:00 they were shouting “Invasion!” on the corner and selling papers and all the invasion, we knew then he was in Europe. We knew that. We knew he was in the invasion. And that was a dread. That was a hard time. James Smither: And then how long after D-Day was it before you heard from him? Dorothy Folkema: It was probably months. But a long time. James Smither: So you really had no idea where he was. Dorothy Folkema: I had no idea. James Smither: Now was this a period when they were sending out telegrams to people which…? Dorothy Folkema: Yes, they were sending out telegrams, I think that somebody delivered a telegram. James Smither: If they were told that somebody was wounded or somebody was missing or something like that. Dorothy Folkema: Uh huh. And we had girls I worked with lost their husband. Or their husband, as mine was, 21:00 wounded. James Smither: And do you remember getting that notification. �Dorothy Folkema: Oh, yes, I was a work and luckily that day, I had drove my car. Which was a rarity because you didn’t have the gas, my tires weren’t good, and you were always afraid of a breakdown. In fact, I worked on my own car, put in a head gasket. And washed it, and to this day, I wash my own car. A girl came up to me, the lead lady and says, you’re wanted at home. Well, I knew. It was in February. And it was icy and I fell and I cut my knee, trying to get out in a hurry, and I got home and the telegram was there, that he had been wounded in both legs and right elbow. That’s all it said. 22:00 That’s what you’re left hanging with for weeks. Then I got a little card that says, “progressing well.” Finally I got a letter from him, and it says, “[unintelligible], but I’m sleeping between sheets for the first time in months.” He was in the hospital. Then he was, the hospital was bombed, while he was in the hospital, and one of the nurses right next to him was killed. James Smither: Was that in England? Dorothy Folkema: Mmhmm, that was in England, on the buzz bombs. He’ll tell you about the buzz bombs. When you heard them it was safe, when they stopped, they were landing. And he was in the hospital for three months. James Smither: So pretty much until the end of the war, then, at that point. Dorothy Folkema: Then he came out, no— James Smither: Well, at least the end of the war in Europe. 23:00 Dorothy Folkema: No, no. He was in the hospital. Then he went into inactive service, and he went into Belgium. Went into Brussels, Belgium. And he maintain?????, a sergeant to a building there, and he told about taking Eisenhower up in the elevator. And he sent, then he sent things home, sent boxes home, he even had our little girl a white fur coat. And he got acquainted with the natives there, the Belgium people and was invited for dinner, and then, of course, he had it real good. Then, the war was over and he was mustered out, to his points, by his points. And we counted points. Got so many points for being married, so many points for having a child, so many points for every battle he was in. 24:00 Which he was in the Battle of the Bulge and the Hurtgen Forest, and… James Smither: Yes, I believe he was in the First Division, which did a lot of fighting. Dorothy Folkema: He was in the First Division, Sixteenth Infantry. James Smither: And D-Day, all the way into the Battle of the Bulge, and that would add up a fair number of points. �Dorothy Folkema: But he talks, he doesn’t, he talked more of the Hurtgen Forest, he said that was the worst. Worst of the Battle of the Bulge, to him, anyway. James Smither: Right, that was particularly unpleasant fighting and it went on and on and on. Dorothy Folkema: On and on. Mmhmm. James Smither: Yeah, at least D-Day was short. Dorothy Folkema: We used to go down in Florida to a memorial for Battle of the Bulge, and all the Battle of the Bulge guys, men, were there and it was fun to hear all of them, their comments, they all had stories to tell. James Smither: Now, your husband himself wasn’t much of a talker. Dorothy Folkema: No, no, no, no. You couldn’t get much words out of him. In fact, when he came home from service, I knew nothing of what 25:00 he went through. Not a clue. He went on with his life and never said a word. He never had any hang-ups, he never had any problems, a lot of women were saying, “Oh my goodness, my husband wakes up screaming,” never had that, never. I don’t know how I could’ve handled it, if I did, I probably would’ve but I didn’t. James Smither: That was one of the things at that time, the expectation was for a lot of these men that they would stay quiet and you didn’t normally talk about that kind of thing. Dorothy Folkema: He wasn’t talkative. James Smither: He wasn’t talkative to you. Dorothy Folkema: No. James Smither: That did eventually change, though, he did start to tell his story. Dorothy Folkema: Well, he did start that, when he started, then everybody, “Well! What’s happened here?” You know, he did. James Smither: Now, what sort of effect, do you think it had on you, 26:00 to kind of go through that experience of having your husband drafted and taken off and you’re having to just change your life and go in a different work and start to raise children on your own? What kind of effect did that have on you? Dorothy Folkema: I think it grew me up. [laughs] You grow up at kind of a faster rate, but still, back in those days, women depended on their husbands for decisions, and the first thing I wrote, I, in the house, which I was renting out, the furnace went, something had to be done to the furnace, so I write to him, in service, and ask him �what had to be done, was I to get a new furnace or get the furnace repaired? Well, I get a letter back, “do what you think is best.” Well, I guess I’ve got to make some decisions here. James Smither: So did you get used to that pretty quickly? Dorothy Folkema: Quite quick. [laughs] Quite quick. 27:00 James Smither: Did you, as you were trying to do that kind of thing, I mean, you’re managing property, you’re working at a job, and so forth, was it sometimes difficult to get people to listen to you or take you seriously because you were a woman or, was that…? Dorothy Folkema: I think people, I think the whole world started to change. The whole world started to change. Women were home, doing housework and taking care of the kids and I think women started to go out to work, they knew there was a world out there for them and they were shocked. The whole world changed then. There was no more of this little mouse in the corner. James Smither: All right, you kind of had to take care of yourself and you did. Dorothy Folkema: Yeah. James Smither: Ok, now, after he came back, did you quit your job, or did you stay working? Dorothy Folkema: No. You were immediately done working the war work was done. And I think I drew unemployment for a little while, no then I didn’t go back to work and wishing for another child, 28:00 which took me six years, for this one out here [points]. [laughs] So, finally then, I had another little baby, kind of spoiled her. James Smither: Now, what did you do for child care at that point, did your…? Dorothy Folkema: You mean during the war? Why, my mother-in-law. I had it made. I got up in the morning and went to work, she took care of my little girl. James Smither: Now, were there women you were working with who had more trouble finding…? Dorothy Folkema: Didn’t, they had a terrible time. And I heard horror stories. They didn’t know what to do, they couldn’t find, they had to go to work, they couldn’t find somebody to take care of their children, and some of them were mistreated, that one woman said her father was mean to her. She had to stay home. And I mean, she didn’t get the check through to help her. And I’ve heard 29:00 a lot of horror stories. I didn’t have that. I had a wonderful family, and we had fun and on �a very occasion we went out to eat, on occasion, and my mother-in-law and I’d take a little ride—a little ride, no gas, you know—and we’d go to the drug store, which drug stores had ice cream places then, and we’d have a sundae, that was our treat. James Smither: Did you go to movies, or? Dorothy Folkema: No. Not too much, no. I can’t remember ever going to a movie. James Smither: Was that something your in-laws didn’t approve of? Dorothy Folkema: I suppose, I suppose not. And how do you get there? There wasn’t that many around. James Smither: Right, cause you’re not right in town. Dorothy Folkema: No. James Smither: Right where the theaters were. Dorothy Folkema: Occasionally, now once a month, there was a church in Godwin Heights that 30:00 had a dinner, and the girls I worked with would give me a dime for gas, they’d pitch in a dime, and course, I don’t know how much gas was, couldn’t have been very much, and we’d go out to Godwin Heights for dinner, to a church. That was a treat. A big deal! [laughs] James Smither: All right. Now, if you wanted to compare, sort of, what life was like for young families then as opposed to now, what sort of basic differences would you point to? Dorothy Folkema: There was no help then. Young families now can get food stamps, they can get welfare help, they can get all kinds of things out there for them. There was nothing. There was no help. James Smither: Yeah, this was a [unintelligible] there had been 31:00 New Deal programs and things that had gone in, I mean, there were some beginnings of a welfare system or something like that. Dorothy Folkema: Well, it started a little bit helping, but it wasn’t advertised, or you didn’t know it. Things weren’t expensive then either. I remember a doctor appointment was $6. And I always paid for the doctor, I mean, I never ever walked out of a doctor’s office without paying the bill. Never. James Smither: Well, things were more affordable then, than they are now, I expect, for that. �Dorothy Folkema: You managed. That came first. In fact, when my husband came home, my daughter had eye trouble, and I had, we didn’t have insurance, there wasn’t even a doctor then. I did some research on that one, 32:00 finally found a doctor in Grand Rapids, that would take care of it, did for years, she still has eye trouble. James Smither: Now, to think back during that period when Harold was away and you were raising your daughter and so forth, are there particular events and things that happened, particular memories that come back to you? Dorothy Folkema: Yeah, my car broke down. [laughs] Yes. It wasn’t running good and there was a gas station on the corner and that man was very helpful to me. And I was scared to drive to the gas pump. I didn’t drive very good, you know. And my brother, young brother-in-law, would take the car over and get gas, well when the car wasn’t good, he’d give us some pointers. And he said, you’re going to have to put in a new head gasket. So my little sister-in-law and I, and I think she’s probably 16, 33:00 we tore that car apart. We fixed it, we put a new head gasket in it. And that man, that gas station man, his name was Cooper, he came over and tightened the head, the bolts down for us, cause we didn’t have strength enough to tighten the bolts down. [laughs] James Smither: Well how did you know what to do, to take the engine apart? Dorothy Folkema: I don’t know, we just knew what to do. [laughs] Just, he said, you got to take the head gasket off and you have to get a new head gasket, put it on. James Smither: Well had you ever worked on any machines out at the farm or anything like that, had some idea of what an engine looked like? Dorothy Folkema: No. But she was pretty smart on that stuff. James Smither: Ok. Dorothy Folkema: My little sister-in-law was pretty smart on that stuff. James Smither: Well that is another thing that’s a little bit different, you had a lot of people in your spare time to do things like take cars apart in those days. Dorothy Folkema: Oh, well. And cars aren’t complicated like they are now. And then I’d ask different ones, people to help me, and course, I always washed the car. Did it. 34:00 You just did it. You didn’t have any choice, you just did it. James Smither: Now were there shortages on certain kinds of things, were there things you wanted that you couldn’t get? �Dorothy Folkema: Oh, yes, you couldn’t get clothes, you couldn’t get shoes. Nylons! [shakes head] Oh, that was a disaster. I stood in many a lines to get nylons. My sister-inlaw and I’d go downtown shopping, we’d had a [unintelligible] right where we’d park by the railroad tracks, and we’d go downtown shopping and stand in line to get nylons. [laughs] [unintelligible] James Smither: Did it ever work? Dorothy Folkema: Yeah, oh sure. James Smither: You had the right line at the right time. Dorothy Folkema: Yeah. James Smither: Were there other particular things that you really missed, or didn’t get a lot of then? Dorothy Folkema: No, because you didn’t have it anyways, so you didn’t miss it. James Smither: Ok. All right. Are there other things you would like to add to the story here before we close out? 35:00 Dorothy Folkema: Well, I know I stopped using sugar in my coffee. Because they gave us a little pack of sugar and I kept… I’d go down to the dime store and get a cup of, get a coffee and whenever I got coffee, I saved the packet, and my sister-in-law did too, and then we’d make fudge. [laughs] James Smither: [laughs] That’d take a lot of sugar packets. All right then. Thank you for coming in and telling me your story today. Dorothy Folkema: Well, I don’t think it’s a interesting story, but it’s a story. James Smither: Well, all the information that we’ve got here is stuff that… You never know what someone will do with this fifty years from now. 35:42 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FolkemaD Title A name given to the resource Folkema, Dorothy (Interview transcript and video), 2009 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Folkema, Dorothy Description An account of the resource Dorothy Folkema was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan, in 1922. She left high school after three years and went to work in a factory. She met her future husband, Harold Folkema, in 1939, and they were married in 1941. When the war started, she quit her job to protect her husband's deferment status, but he was drafted in 1943 and wound up on Omaha Beach on D-Day (see his interview in this archive). She had a child to take care of by then, and discusses different aspects of home front life while her husband was away. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Veterans Video recordings World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Other veterans & civilians--Personal narratives, American United States. Army Women Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009-10-27 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/411b95fdbde45cd20a8cd40bdfc583cc.m4v 6163bbe55a88053bec2fad46c346e1ce https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/115438089b1ddffbbee292b1356d4635.pdf 5b2e7a4299e31fb54617b5bb4301292f PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans History Project Name of War: World War II Name of Interviewee: Harold Folkema Length of Interview: 1hr 20mins. Pre-Enlistment (00:14)  Childhood and education (00:06) o Attended Burton School through the 10th Grade in Grand Rapids, Michigan and then joined the workforce. (00:19)  His Jobs (00:25) o Describes briefly what work was like during the Depression, how he met his wife, and married life. (00:45) Enlistment and Basic Training (01:53)  Background (01:55) o Was 21 when the draft was initiated. He got deferred for a little while because he was married until he received a letter to report and go into the service. (02:11) o Briefly describes how the draft worked and what happened once a recruit was selected. Mentions how men were put into either 4F or 4A. For Folkema, he was called into the service in 1943 and told to report to Detroit, Michigan, for preliminary physicals and testing. (03:10)   After his time here, he stayed in Grand Rapids where he waited for a notice to report. Once he received it, he went by train to Battle Creek where he was at an army camp for a week and then went by train to Florida to report for basic training. (05:09) Florida (06:20) o Went by bus to a training camp to be trained as an Army infantryman. During the course of his 13 weeks here he describes what sorts of weapons he trained with and his regular routine here. (06:31) o Mentions what his drill sergeants were like and that he received training in the usage of machine guns, carbines, .45 pistols, mortars, and hand grenades. Also �underwent under-fire exercises to prepare him for what he would face once he was overseas. (08:11) o During his training there, the men never knew where they were going to end up: the Pacific or Europe. They did however find out later that they were going to be sent to [fight against] Germany. (10:19) o During his 13 weeks of intensive training, he maintained a regular correspondence with his wife by letter mentioning how his experience was and what he was facing. Once out of basic training he went home, came back, fell sick and was in the hospital for 10 days and was on furlough again until he was shipped to his next station of duty. (11:34)  Fort Meade, Maryland (13:01) o He was soon redeployed to Maryland. Briefly describes what the camp was like here and what his regular routine consisted of. (13:11)  Journey to England (14:00) o Mentions what his feelings were on the way to England and what the journey consisted of. (14:25) Active Duty (15:22)  In England (15:26) o Arrived in Portsmouth, England where he was placed with the 1st Division as a replacement. From his comrades he found out that he was in the best division in the army. Later on he was part of the first wave to land on the Normandy beaches on DDay. Mentions that nobody knew when they were going to be pushing off for France. (15:47) o Describes briefly what training he received in England and what they did to prepare for the invasion. Mentions how they learned to transfer from a troop ship to a landing craft via a rope ladder carrying a carbine, bazooka, and a 40-pound pack. He further mentions that they would be compacted 40 men to each landing craft. (17:07)  Normandy Invasion (18:59) o D-Day (19:05)  Briefly describes what he saw and heard as the troop ships came closer to the Normandy shore as the warships fired on the beaches. As this was �going on, describes how difficult it was for many men to get on to the landing crafts via the rope ladder because the ship would be rolling up and down in the water. Also briefly describes what the mood was like as the landing crafts pushed towards the beaches (19:25)  Describes in some detail what occurred once the landing craft doors were dropped and how he and his comrades were up to water to what seemed to be up to their necks as they were being fired at with men falling everywhere around him with the screams and shouts of men dying. (25:18)  After spending [what seemed like?] hours in the water being fired at from the shoreline a nearby colonel ordered them to move forward and told them it would be better to die on the beach then in the water. As they moved towards the beaches, soaking wet, they got rid of their equipment and packs so that they would not be slowed down by the weight on their backs to reach the beaches. Slogging their way forward many of the men were killed by exploding land mines or machine gun fire. (26:31)  Once they came close enough to a pillbox they were out of range of the big guns and were able to use flamethrowers and grenades to explode them. Movement and attacking German beach defensives was done in a straight line. (29:08)  Briefly describes one encounter in some detail where he and three others volunteered to go get more ammunition from the dead on the beach. Mentions that while all this was going on that they were under heavy artillery and machine gun fire. (30:54)  They eventually made it back, distributed the ammo to the group of 10 or 12 there and dug in for the night. Describes what the events of the night were like. (33:25) o Events following D-Day +1 (34:53)  On the 2nd day of battle, he mentions that they ate K-rations salvaged from the dead. Mentions that they spent the entire first day without eating. (35:28)  As they slogged forward, Folkema mentions what the Normandy terrain was like that they fought in. All the while those men were moving forward, others were becoming casualties from exploding landmines and daily skirmishes with the Germans. Briefly describes what his mission �entailed as they were moving through the first town they made it through. (36:41)  Briefly goes into some detail of what the reactions of civilians to the Allies’ landing were like as they moved through the Normandy countryside. (40:53)  Briefly describes the different types of skirmishes they encountered facing the Germans. When faced with a German sniper in the area for instance they would call the tanks for assistance to clear out snipers and then move forward. (42:55) o The Hedgerow Country fighting (44:09)  Briefly goes into some detail about what the battle situation was like while fighting through the hedgerow country. Mentions facing off with French women sympathetic to the German cause and the Germany Army itself. (44:58)  It took them weeks to finally move out of the Hedgerow Country. The food situation during this time was eating K-rations and drinking water from streams. (46:51)  Once the kitchen staff caught up to the men he describes how the mood of the men changed after that. Further describes what the mentality of the men was like as they moved through the Hedgerows. (47:59) o Farming terrain they encountered once out of the Hedgerow Country (49:29)  Describes how French civilians reacted to the Allied presence in France and then mentions what the house-to-house fighting was like. Also, mention that time was measured in days and hours. (49:42) o Background to Battle of the Bulge/house-to-house fighting (51:28)  As they moved further towards Germany, he mentions how the fighting became fiercer. When moving forward they were equipped with light machine guns and then when taking defensive positions they would have heavy machine guns at their disposal. (52:01)  Spends a great amount of time describing the carnage on the beaches and water around Normandy. (54:03) � Briefly relates in some detail what resistance they faced while in and around St. Lo although he was stationed 20 miles from where the actual bombing was taking place in the town itself. (55:41)  On one encounter, when positioned in their foxhole in the Ardennes’ Forest he had to stop a buddy from running away from attacking German tanks. (57:02)  Describes several close encounters with German snipers in some detail. (58:00)  Describes another encounter where as they were clearing out a building they discovered a group of German soldiers who they promptly captured. Mentions that they middle-aged and older Germans would give up sooner than younger German soldiers would fight to the death. (59:32) o Siegfried Line (1:00:36)  Describes what his experience was like crossing the Siegfried Line before reaching Aachen, Germany. (1:00:45) o Battle of Aachen (1:01:35)  Describes how the fighting was house-to-house. The combat in some places consisted of hand-to-hand and other places from far away. Moving through this area they were given orders to use bayonets even though they didn’t actually use them in actual combat here except at the Battle of the Bulge. (1:02:05)  Briefly describes what the weather was like at the Battle of the Bulge and how they camouflaged themselves in different types of terrains. (1:03:20)  Describes one encounter where he and three buddies spent three days under a railroad bridge in Germany while on a reconnaissance mission separated from their unit. After three days, Allied forces moved through the region and picked them up. (1:04:55) o Moving towards Germany (1:07:25)  Once under Patton’s charge, he describes how the speed of the Army was faster. Describes some of the places they moved through during this time. (1:07:28) o Germany (1:08:09) � Goes into some detail about how he was wounded and events leading up to it. (1:09:02)  Before crossing a bridge on the Ruhr River, he stepped on a mine, upon which it blew his ankles apart and was then hauled by a buddy to a nearby half track. From here he walked back to a first aid station. (1:09:50) o Southampton, England (1:11:13)  Describes what they did for him at the way station and then his journey from Cherbourg, Germany where he had surgery in a field hospital, and then from there went by plane to Southampton, England where he had three months of recuperation. (1:11:25)  Spent much of his recuperation in a tent while area was bombed by V-2 rockets. One of the nurses he knew was deeply affected by this experience. Took two months to get back on his feet. (1:12:39) o Brussels, Belgium (1:14:15)  Was then sent to Belgium where he was attached to the Leavenworth Service. Was stationed in a shell building in Brussels where he was a maintenance sergeant over German POWs. Briefly describes what their duties were like. Also mentions that he had 85 points when the war ended. (1:14:20) After the Service (1:15:35) o Going Home (1:15:52)  Mentions that he was put aboard a victory ship for the states. Took 13 days to reach Boston, Massachusetts where upon landing he took a train to Indiana where he boarded another train for another train station. Briefly describes what the homecoming reception was like with his wife and daughter who had never seen him before that time. (1:16:46)  Celebrated the end of the war with a bowl of ice cream with a few buddies just as others were boarding ship to go overseas. (1:18:49) o Interview Ends (1:19:58) � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FolkemaH Title A name given to the resource Folkema, Harold (Interview outline and video), 2002 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Folkema, Harold Description An account of the resource Harold Folkema is a World War II veteran who served in the U.S. Army from 1943 to 1945. In this account, Folkema discusses his pre-enlistment, enlistment and training in the U.S. and England. Assigned to the 1st Infantry Division as a replacement in May 1944, he participated in the D-Day landing at Omaha Beach, and fought through Normandy, northern France, Belgium and into Germany, where he was wounded by a mine. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Boring, Frank (Interviewer) Michigan Military Preservation Society (Grand Rapids, Mich.) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Veterans Video recordings World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American United States. Army Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002-08-23 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/827c8f2389fcbcea219f94520a504cba.jpg 6fbeee4d2a2d464d3cf0b46a0e459ea4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_D142-0003 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1963-05-03 Title A name given to the resource Folksinging Gathering at MSU Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of a gathering of young students and folk musicians casually singing and playing guitars outdoors on the campus of Michigan State University in East Lansing, Michigan. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Michigan State University East Lansing (Mich.) Folk music Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/cc85f54d5dc3692bf37f85067297d708.jpg 527bbef29bd7cbb0d3621601a4bf561a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_D142-0029 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1963-05-03 Title A name given to the resource Folksinging Gathering at MSU Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of a large gathering of students and young folk musicians casually singing and playing guitars outdoors on the campus of Michigan State University in East Lansing, Michigan. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Michigan State University East Lansing (Mich.) Folk music Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/34486566ea633a3fc26084cb61846056.jpg 4bd319a97434d3d7896274686a28b9c0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_D142-0037 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1963-05-03 Title A name given to the resource Folksinging Gathering at MSU Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of two student musicians playing acoustic guitars outdoors on the campus of Michigan State University in East Lansing, Michigan. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Michigan State University East Lansing (Mich.) Folk music Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/e67ca6cec8e51de6c233ecb0466ff87a.jpg b178ae8a0ddd5bb7845ec2a1d61171e2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_D143-0029 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1963-05-03 Title A name given to the resource Folksinging Gathering at MSU Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of a gathering of young students and folk musicians casually singing and playing guitars outdoors on the campus of Michigan State University in East Lansing, Michigan. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Michigan State University East Lansing (Mich.) Folk music Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/90a1fc096d3394711614c053eedb114d.jpg e5887b723765c621c6d42d3e770635dc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_D143-0035 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1963-05-03 Title A name given to the resource Folksinging Gathering at MSU Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of two student musicians playing acoustic guitars among a gathering of students outdoors on the campus of Michigan State University in East Lansing, Michigan. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Michigan State University East Lansing (Mich.) Folk music Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/965b6c365e97adcb5d1c87984162b10b.jpg 54114aa13523801702a387f37c567471 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_D144-0025 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1963-05-03 Title A name given to the resource Folksinging Gathering at MSU Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of a gathering of young students and folk musicians casually singing and playing guitars outdoors on the campus of Michigan State University in East Lansing, Michigan. In the photograph, the students are gathered in a natural wooded area of campus on a beautiful spring day, with magnolia blossoms framing the shot. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Michigan State University East Lansing (Mich.) Folk music College campuses Spring Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/a6fc1cdc25b40cdefa11d1938c144f4e.jpg 28eac72858f2b840d70fdb9418814731 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_D145-0010 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1963-05-03 Title A name given to the resource Folksinging Gathering at MSU Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of a gathering of young students and folk musicians casually singing and playing guitars outdoors on the campus of Michigan State University in East Lansing, Michigan. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Michigan State University East Lansing (Mich.) Folk music College campuses Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/fb242b73c3521404cd66f7956818044e.mp4 9d8bcb84921613c7d4fdaa88a65ba41d https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/d08ddd3886229de5412debf695d1fbbb.pdf 3a7f2ee432616d3e4717bfb7f31d7684 PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans History Project Interview Name of War: Korean War Interviewee’s Name: James Follis Length of Interview: 32 mins. Pre-Enlistment (00:30)  Childhood (00:33) o Follis was born on April 2, 1933. He does not discuss anything from his childhood but focuses wholeheartedly on his military background and experience. (00:37)  Military Background (00:39) o Served as a corporal in the Korean War. (00:40) Enlistment/Basic Training (00:44)  Why he joined (00:46) o He enlisted because he wanted to have his choice of armed service branch rather than get drafted. (00:48) o Joined up with the U.S. Army’s Security Agency at the age of 19 because he thought it would be fun. (01:13)  Where he went (01:43) o Was shipped off to Fort Riley, KS where he had his first taste of military basic training. He discusses how his instructors always yelled at him and how it was in his best interest to just listen and obey them. (02:03) Active Duty (02:40)  Korea (02:46) o Once he had completed basic training he set off for Seoul, Korea where he landed. Was moved by BMZ from Tokyo, Japan to Seoul. Spent 11 months in Korea. (03:07) o Briefly describes his job as a radar operator with twelve others and its responsibilities in some detail. (03:42)  As he mentions all their work was classified top-secret. (05:16) �o Often, he could hear the sound of battle over the next hill while he worked. (05:38) o Memorable Moments (05:50)  Landing in Seoul. (05:55)  Kept in contact with his family by letter and (06:28)  Describes the holidays they celebrated and the food they ate while in Korea. (07:01) o While radio operators like him did not face much wartime stress they were very much shunned by others for being part of the Army’s Security Agency. (08:03) o On occasion, they could hear snipers shooting and would rush to grab their rifles and go out on patrol. He only did this on one occasion. (08:47) o Describes in detail, some of the pranks he and his unit pulled while in Korea. (09:41) After the Service (11:10) o Background (11:22) o When the war was complete, Follis mentions the various hunting expeditions he went on. (11:48) o Briefly mentions a few relatives and friends who served in Korea. (12:50) o While on leave, Follis went to Tokyo for some R&R of which he spent shopping and going to the bar. (14:01) o Backs up and mentions the various places he was stationed in the U.S. such as Fort Knox, KY and Camp Gordon, GA. (14:47) o Going Home (16:47) o During his first eighteen days in Korea, Follis describes how close his unit was to the frontlines. (17:18) o When he left Korea it took him 22 days to reach San Francisco, upon which time went to the payroll office, got his check, and then flew home. Describes what other soldiers usually had to do different than him because he was an intelligence officer. (17:49) o Other Stories (19:20) �o Briefly shares what troubles, security guards like himself had with Army MPs and tells a few stories to illustrate this point. (19:33) o It came to the point, when he was attached to an infantry platoon and was kicked out because of the pranks he pulled. (21:35) o High school interviewer mentions that the grandfather was part of a rebel unit. Briefly shares what living arrangements were like in Korea. (22:15) o Adjusting to Home (24:47) o He returned to the U.S. in March and did not get married until a year later. (25:07) o Afterwards, he went back to working for 7UP Distributing Co. and worked there for the next 17 years. (26:16) o Reflection (26:37) o Describes how his military service affected his life and how it enriched the rest of his life. Also mentions how his military experience affected his parents who had a son with an FBI level clearance working as an intelligence officer in Korea. (27:30) o Interview completed (30:31) � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FollisJ Title A name given to the resource Follis, James (Interview outline and video), 2004 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Follis, James Description An account of the resource James Follis is a Korean War veteran who served with the U.S. Army's Security Agency for a period of 11 months. In this account, Day discusses his pre-enlistment years, his enlistment and training in the U.S. During his service in Korea, although close to the fighting he did not take part in the fighting, instead his work as a radio operator and security required him to work with Top-Secret classified documents Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Strong, Heather (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Veterans Video recordings Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American United States. Army Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2004-04-08 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/78f0f822976704e5796fd4b388650f25.mp3 786bf1c4964087c952d2b9eb0dfc8698 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/f86f0959d5e11c2580c47b15f1ed20e0.pdf 12c2bedea336d56a751e4e3cdd4defe8 PDF Text Text Follow the Star: Trust the Vision Text: Matthew 2: 9 Richard A. Rhem Christ Community Church Spring Lake, Michigan Epiphany, January 6, 1985 Transcription of the spoken sermon ...The star which they had seen at its rising went ahead of them... Matthew 2:9 Today is the Festival of Epiphany. In the calendar of the Ancient Church this is a special Feast Day with which a new Season is inaugurated, the Season of Epiphany. We have celebrated the twelve days of Christmas. Christmastide moves today into Epiphany, the Season that extends to Ash Wednesday, the beginning of the Season of Lent. The theme of this Season is the manifestation of Christ to the Gentiles. Epiphany, the word, comes to us from the Greek; it means "manifestation." In this Season we celebrate the universality of the Gospel. Jesus was born of the House and lineage of David. The Angelic messenger to the shepherds said there was good news, great joy coming to the whole people, but in that context that probably was a reference to the whole House of Israel. We must go to Matthew for the Epiphany theme. He tells the romantic tale of the visit of the Magi who saw the rising of a star in their Eastern land and journeyed West to Jerusalem and then to Bethlehem where they found the child Jesus, bowed down in adoration and offered him precious gifts. In that search for the newborn king, their adoration, worship and offering, the Magi have become the symbol of the coming of the nations to the true God, to light and truth, to salvation. In the coming of Jesus, God brought the light of the knowledge of Himself to all nations, thus fulfilling the promise to Abraham that in him all peoples of the earth would be blessed. Let this narrative recorded by Matthew be the focus of our reflection as we recognize in Jesus the revelation of God Who calls us to live by the vision that revelation provides. To begin with, let us look at the story. We are told by Matthew of astrologers from the East who arrived in Jerusalem asking, "Where is the child who is born to be © Grand Valley State University   �Follow the Star: Trust the Vision Richard A. Rhem Page 2   king of the Jews?" They came according to the Gospel because they had observed "the rising of his star." Who were they, these astrologers? We sing of "three kings." They are referred to as "the Magi" in Christmas lore. Actually there is nothing in the record that speaks of their being kings and neither is there any reference to number. There is much popular mythology and legend that has sprung up around the story of the Nativity and later generations have embroidered it liberally. While we cannot be certain about these Eastern visitors, there is relative agreement that they were members of a priestly caste who engaged in occult arts and the name "Magi" refers to a broad range of persons involved in astrology (astronomy), fortune-telling, priestly augury and magicians. The "Magi" of Matthew were astrologers. We know that the ancient East had gained a great deal of knowledge of astronomy and there was a widespread conviction that human destiny was determined by the star under which one was born as well as the movement of the heavenly bodies. These Magi in Matthew's narrative represent the best of pagan lore and religious perceptivity which has come to seek Jesus through a revelation in nature. (Brown, The Birth of the Messiah, p. 168) They came from East of Palestine. Three locations are proposed as their point of origin: Parthia, or Persia, Babylon, or Arabia, or the Syrian Desert. There are arguments in favor of each location but it is not important for us to pursue the matter. It is enough to know that the ancient East was known for its astronomical investigation and for priestly castes that studied the stars and ancient writings. There was a common belief that great events and the birth and death of great rulers were signaled in the heavens. Thus, whatever historical core lies behind the story of the visit of the Magi, it was not extraordinary that such astrologers should make such a journey and join in such a quest. As to the star itself, what can we say? We have the story in its simple beauty. What the story is meant to convey we shall come to shortly. Perhaps it is best simply to leave the story as it is. Yet questions come to mind. Raymond Brown in his marvelous study of the nativity narratives writes of the "intrinsic unlikelihoods" of the story. A star that rose in the East, appeared over Jerusalem, turned South to Bethlehem, and then came to rest over a house would have constituted a celestial phenomenon unparalleled in astronomical history; yet it received no notice in the records of the times. (The Birth of the Messiah, p. 188) On the other hand, there were some unusual astronomical phenomena which occurred around the time of the birth of Jesus, which best estimates place in 6 B.C. Speculation suggests the heavenly light may have been a supernova or "new © Grand Valley State University �Follow the Star: Trust the Vision Richard A. Rhem Page 3   star." It may have been a comet or it may have been a planetary conjunction. Brown explains the conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn. Jupiter and Saturn are the slowest of the visible planets in their orbit around the sun: for Jupiter there is an orbit every twelve years; for Saturn, every thirty years. In the course of these orbits the two planets pass each other every twenty years; and in so passing, even though they may be considerably north or south of each other, they are said to be in conjunction. A much rarer occurrence is when a third planet, Mars, passes during or shortly after the conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn, so that the three planets are close together. Kepler saw this occur in October 1604. He calculated that it happens every 805 years and that it had happened in 7-6 B.C. ... From calculations we know that the three high points of the conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn were in May/June, September/October, and December of 7 B.C. - a rare triple conjunction. ... - and that Mars passed early the next year. This "great conjunction" of Jupiter and Saturn took place in the zodiacal constellation of Pisces. ... Pisces is a constellation sometimes associated with the last days and with the Hebrews, while Jupiter (an object of particular interest among Parthian astrologers) was associated with the world ruler and Saturn was identified as the star of the Ammonites of the Syria-Palestine region. The claim has been made that this conjunction might lead Parthian astrologers to predict that there would appear in Palestine among the Hebrews a world ruler of the last days. (p. 173) This is all very speculative as Brown asserts; yet it is fascinating and it does immerse the story of the Magi's visit with mystery and wonder. As already indicated, we cannot strip off the legendary aspects of the nativity narrative and get down to the “facts.” Scripture is not a book of “facts” in that sense. The Word was made flesh. That is fact – historical truth. Jesus was born at a particular time and place. He grew and entered upon his ministry, was crucified and raised from the dead, ascending to the Father where he reigns and from whence he will appear a second time. The Apostles and the Early Christian community were certain of the risen Christ who was the same as Jesus of Nazareth. As they witnessed to God's revelation in him they told the story of his birth and his life, death and resurrection. That is what we have in our Gospels of which Matthew is one. As this Gospel was composed, there was a specific purpose in its composition. Matthew included a nativity narrative and that narrative included the story of the Magi. Why? What was Matthew telling us with this story? © Grand Valley State University �Follow the Star: Trust the Vision Richard A. Rhem Page 4   It is the consensus of biblical scholarship today that this Gospel called Matthew was written in Syria by an unknown Greek-speaking Jewish Christian living in the 80's in a mixed community with converts of both Jewish and Gentile descent. The writer was concerned to instruct the community of mixed background. Matthew interprets what he sees happening in the first century Church. As Brown writes, A Christian community, at first Jewish, had seen an increasing number of Gentiles come to believe; and with the rejection of Christians by the Synagogue, it now seemed as if the Kingdom were being taken away and given to a "nation" that would bear fruit (21:43). In this situation of a mixed community with dominance now shifting over to the Gentile side, Matthew is concerned to show that Jesus has always had meaning for both Jew and Gentile. (p. 47) Thus asserts Brown, In the person of the Magi, Matthew was anticipating the Gentile Christians of his own community. Although these had as their birthright only the revelation of God in nature, they had been attracted to Jesus; and when instructed in the Scriptures of the Jews, they had come to believe in and pay homage to the Messiah. (p. 199) This is the meaning of Epiphany and the message of this Season. God's calling of Abraham was the calling of one to reach the many. God's long and patient dealing with Israel in the Old Covenant was in order to bring finally to the world the Saviour of all. Matthew tells us of Magi from the East who followed the star and trusted the vision of the birth of one who would rule the world with righteousness. On this Epiphany Sunday, then, let us recognize that I. God has revealed Himself. This is a foundational truth of our faith. Having just come through the Christmas Season again, we have celebrated that divine visitation of our planet by the Eternal God in the flesh of Jesus. We have heard those great New Testament affirmations again — the Word was made flesh and dwelt among us and we beheld his glory... John 1:14 We have seen the light of revelation - the revelation of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ. II Corinthians 5:6 ...in this the final age he (God) has spoken to us in the Son ... who is the effulgence of God's splendor and the stamp of God's very being…Hebrews 1:2 © Grand Valley State University �Follow the Star: Trust the Vision Richard A. Rhem Page 5   What these writers affirm in theological reflection Matthew tells us in a story, the story of a star and of those hungry for God who traveled mile after weary mile until they found the child born to be a king. Matthew was pointing to a sign in Nature which triggered the longing of the human heart for a knowledge of God. And the point he was making was that the sign was given for all the world to see. The Magi are used by him as signs of that universal revelation of God to all humankind. Paul speaks of God's revelation in the natural order. For all that may be known of God by men lies plain before their eyes; indeed God himself has disclosed it to them. His invisible attributes, that is to say his everlasting power and deity, have been visible, ever since the world began, to the eye of reason, in the things he has made. Romans 1:19, 20 Paul goes on in that passage to show how that knowledge has been suppressed by mankind. Nonetheless the revelation is there had we eyes to see it. Bringing the Magi to Herod's court where they learned of Micah's prophecy of the Messiah's birth in Bethlehem was Matthew's way of saying that the revelation of God in Nature is not sufficient to bring one to a knowledge of the grace of God. Yet the truth remains; God has revealed himself and in Jesus that revelation came to all humankind. God has revealed himself. That is our bedrock conviction. That is the heart of Christmas and the truth of Epiphany. II. Those who seek him will surely find him. In the visit of the Magi Matthew finds the sign of the coming of people of every tribe and nation. That was a giant breakthrough in the thinking of the Jewish Christian community. The struggle of the Early Church on the question of the Gentile converts to Jesus is recorded in the Book of Acts. Matthew is saying that what was happening in that early community was right on schedule and according to plan. God so loved the world that whosoever ... There was an exclusiveness in the Old Testament. Yet had not the prophet Jeremiah written centuries before, When you seek me, you shall find me; if you search for me with all your heart, I will let you find me, says the Lord. Jeremiah 29:13 In the Magi we have representatives of those who hunger for God and whose hunger is satisfied. They were seekers and searchers after God. They had no doubt studied ancient writings. They may very well have known of the ancient © Grand Valley State University �Follow the Star: Trust the Vision Richard A. Rhem Page 6   prophecy of Balaam recorded in Numbers 24:17 about the star that would rise out of Jacob. They were men open to revelation, seeking the truth. We might say that these were early examples of the human hunger for transcendence. They were seeking something more beyond the limits of space and time. They lived in a world filled with mystery. They believed that beyond the world there was One Who wrote in the stars. They believed that behind the appearance of Reality there was One Who made the planets do His bidding. They followed the star and trusted the vision. They acted on their faith and they found the Saviour. Those who seek Him will surely find Him. III. Those who find Him worship Him. This, too, is clearly Matthew's intent in portraying the Magi in Eastern magnificence bowing before the child offering their treasures. The universality of God's revelation and the universality of the yearning in the human heart are matched by the universality of the response of those who see the glory of the Father in the face of the Son. This is something we take for granted perhaps, but it was an amazing discovery to those who had been brought up in the exclusiveness of Judaism, who had been taught that the non-Jew was something less than human. Certainly there had been those strains of universalism - in Abraham's call and in the prophetic vision of the exaltation of Mount Zion and the flowing of the nations to Jerusalem. But it was nonetheless a truth hardly conceivable and thus one of the major stumbling blocks in the world evangelization which happened in Paul's ministry - that God was making of Jew and Greek one new humanity - united in the worship of God through Jesus Christ. In these Eastern visitors Matthew saw the sign of the world coming to the Saviour who would be the Lamb of God who would take away the sin of the world. Do you sense what a compelling vision that was? In the midst of an occupied people in a tiny piece of the earth's surface, in the poverty and humility of a peasant family was born a child - a child, Matthew declares, who is the light of the revelation of the glory of God for all people of all time. That is the stupendous claim of the Christian Gospel. In the worship of the Magi Matthew witnesses to the universal truth of the Gospel that Jesus Christ is the light of the world, the Saviour of all, who draws all people to him. Those who find him worship him, for those who find him find God. © Grand Valley State University �Follow the Star: Trust the Vision Richard A. Rhem Page 7   We have just celebrated another Christmas. We stand on the threshold of a new year. What has the celebration done for us? In what mind and spirit do we enter this new year? The lessons of the Magi visit are simple and clear: God has revealed Himself; those who seek Him find Him; those who find Him worship Him. Will the truth so recently celebrated be connected to the restless longing of our hearts and will we respond to the revelation of God's glory with adoring worship and committed life? It does not follow automatically. It is possible to be so caught up in trivial pursuits and penultimate matters that we never see the star nor follow the Saviour. The Magi came to Jerusalem where Herod was King and their question posed to him, not the possibility of the advent of the Saviour of the world, but rather a threat to his throne, his rule and authority. On December 28 the Church celebrated the Feast of the Holy Innocents, the remembrance of Herod's decree that all male children two years old and under should be slain. Such a ruthless deed can hardly be conceived of. Yet that is precisely the bestiality of which human pride and blind ambition is capable. George Schultz leads the American delegate to Geneva where he will engage the Russian delegates in arms talks. There will be posturing and maneuvering but the bottom line will be to come out in the position of power because our world lives under the delusion that security resides in power and the greater nuclear arsenal when, as a matter of fact, those very arsenals on either side of the great ideological divide have made the world more insecure than at any time in its history. And to what lengths will either side not go if threatened? Is there any stopping point in this international madness? Perhaps only Herod's desperate conspiracy to rid the world of God's Messiah can be compared with our present age marching to its doom. Not truth, mercy and compassion, but power; that is our madness. The Magi came to Jerusalem and the Scribes and chief priests, the servants of God, His representatives among the people were able to answer the question when the Messiah was to be born, but we hear nothing of their own pilgrimage to find him. But before we are too hard on them, let us remind ourselves that we just celebrated the coming of God in our time and space and, yet, has not perhaps our very familiarity with that amazing story left us dull and untouched? If God has come to us, revealed His grace to us, placed His claim upon us, what sort of people then ought we to be? © Grand Valley State University �Follow the Star: Trust the Vision Richard A. Rhem Page 8   Need I expand on that question? Does not the question itself convict us of the apathy and spiritual deadness of our lives? But the Season is Epiphany, the sign is a star, the truth - God revealed in Jesus, and all who hunger and yearn and long for God will find Him and finding Him, worship and in worship find their true selves. And those that find God in the face of Jesus will be a people of hope, knowing that God has entered our past to give us a sign of our future - a future determined not by human possibility but by the grace and power of God Who will create new heaven and a new earth. His People are a people of hope living in the present in light of the future, which God has prepared for those that love Him. We have celebrated Christmas. Now it is ours to live out in all our ordinary days, following the star, trusting the vision. Reference: Raymond E. Brown. The Birth of the Messiah: A Commentary on the Infancy Narratives in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke. Anchor Bible Reference Library, Doubleday, 1993. © Grand Valley State University � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard A. Rhem Collection Description An account of the resource Text and sound recordings of the sermons, prayers, services, and articles of Richard Rhem, pastor emeritus of Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, Michigan, where he served for 37 years. Starting in the mid 1980's, Rhem began to question some of the traditional Christian dogma that he had been espousing from the pulpit. That questioning was a first step in a long and interesting spiritual journey, one that he openly shared with his congregation. His journey is important, in part because it is reflective of the questioning, the yearnings, and the gradual revision of beliefs that many persons in this part of the century have experienced and continue to experience. It is important also because of the affirming and inclusive way his questioning was done and his thinking evolved. His sermons and other written and spoken materials together document the steps in his journey as it took a turn in 1985, yet continued to revolve around the framework and liturgies of the Christian calendar. Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Religion Interfaith worship Sermons Sound Recordings Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rhem, Richard A. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/514">Richard A. Rhem papers (KII-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kaufman Interfaith Institute Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-2014 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 text/pdf Sound A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Event Epiphany Sunday Scripture Text Matthew 2:9 Location The location of the interview Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI References Raymond Brown. The Birth of the Messiah: A Commentary on the Infancy Narratives_,1993 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01_RA-0-19850106 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1985-01-06 Title A name given to the resource Follow the Star: Trust the Vision Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richard A. Rhem Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Sermons Relation A related resource Richard A. Rhem - An Archive of Sermons, Prayers, Talks and Stories: http://richardrhem.org/ Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 application/pdf Description An account of the resource A sermon given by Richard A. Rhem (Dick) on January 6, 1985 entitled "Follow the Star: Trust the Vision", on the occasion of Epiphany Sunday, at Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI. Scripture references: Matthew 2:9. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives Epiphany Hope Inclusive Magi Mystery Nativity Revelation Spiritual Quest https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/49b37406d73bb007eec04486186eda0d.mp3 179fb396a591512ec869c647f7e3542a https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4b28b7c730b27243959ed572a6e4e78e.pdf d8f9334cad8bbd8293e41b4374ae2900 PDF Text Text Following in His Steps From the Lenten sermon series: The Human Face of God Text: I Peter 2:21 Richard A. Rhem Christ Community Church Spring Lake, Michigan Lent III, March 22, 1987 Transcription of the spoken sermon Christ suffered on your behalf, and thereby left you an example; it is for you to follow in His steps. I Peter 2:21 God was in Christ, reconciling the world to himself. That profound and mysterious statement from the Apostle Paul sums up very much the focus of this season, as we look at the human face of God by focusing on the face of Jesus Christ. God was in Christ, reconciling the world to himself. That is the mystery of our salvation. And we noted last week that it was Jesus' intention from the beginning, from the dawning of his own consciousness, of his own calling fully to follow the will of God. His was an intentional obedience. It was an intentional obedience throughout the days of his life, and his death was simply the consequence of the life that he lived. And so, the life becomes a pattern for those who would follow him, for those who would in our day become contemporary disciples. The shape of contemporary discipleship is something that each of us must determine for his own life. The shape of contemporary discipleship will not be the same for us all, for we are not the clones of Jesus, but we are called to follow Jesus. We are called to follow Jesus, living out the vision with which our own lives are stirred and fascinated, and only when we're living out of our own vision will we have the inward strength and the power to live truly according to those best insights and that highest calling that we have sensed as our lives have been exposed to Jesus, who brings us to God. And this morning the text from that first letter of Peter, the second chapter in the 21st verse, where Peter tells us that Jesus had given us an example He suffered for us, giving us an example that we should follow in his steps. Following Jesus is our theme this morning. Following in his steps. That word from Peter inspired a nineteenth-century preacher, Charles Sheldon, to write a little book which has been published and republished and republished. It's called In His Steps. Many of you have read it. If you haven't read it, you ought to read it, even though it has all of the odors of the nineteenth century and is definitely a © Grand Valley State University   �Following in His Steps Richard A. Rhem Page 2   time piece; nonetheless, the impact of its message continues to come through very powerfully. A rather sophisticated pastor in a rather sophisticated congregation on Saturday was busily engaged in his sermon preparation for Sunday, when a poor, malnourished beggar appeared at his door seeking help. And of course, the pastor, having in mind all of his people on Sunday and his heavy responsibility, was unable to respond to the need, and turned him away. And he preached about following Jesus that next Sunday morning, when the man, at the conclusion of the message, appeared in the sanctuary and raised the question, in his rags, in his pitiable condition, "I wonder what it means to follow Jesus?" And, of course, the pastor, not being totally lost, felt the impact and the guilt of his own neglect and called for those who would join with him in a new adventure of discipleship and a band of disciples in that congregation began a year's experiment in which they determined in their work and in their play, in their community life, in their family life, in the totality of their lives they would do nothing, make no decision before they asked the question, "What would Jesus do?" And the story narrated in the book is the story of a community transformed by a band of people asking that question and responding as best they could answer it. A college president getting involved in municipal election, dealing with a blight in the community; a corporate executive, discovering corruption in the corporation, exposing it and resigning rather than being a part of it; the newspaper editor changing the perspective with which news was reported. Great opposition was engendered, obviously, but transformation happened, as well, because there was a band of people who began to ask, in every situation of life, "What would Jesus do?" And the inspiration for that, of course, was our text, “Christ has given you an example that you should follow in his steps.” Following Jesus. Ernie Campbell, a former pastor of Riverside Church in NYC, wrote an article a few years ago based on a sermon that he had preached, "Following Jesus or Believing in Christ," and he made an interesting point, that when he was a young person in communicant's class, the question that was asked by the Elders of the church was whether he believed in Christ. And when he declared himself to be a candidate for ministry, the question was asked him, Do you believe in Christ? And when he was ordained to the ministry, the question was asked, Do you believe in Christ? And every time he was installed in another congregation, the question was asked, Do you believe in Christ? And the answer always was, Absolutely, yes, with all my heart. But he makes the point that in all of those situations throughout the whole of his life, the question was never put to him, Are you following Jesus? It is possible to believe in Christ without following Jesus. So, what is it to follow Jesus? To follow Jesus is not simply to imitate Jesus. Otherwise, we'd all have to don bathrobes and sandals and become itinerate, wandering teachers. The point © Grand Valley State University �Following in His Steps Richard A. Rhem Page 3   is not to imitate Jesus in the 20th century because we don't want to simply duplicate, nor would it be possible to duplicate the actions, the decisions of Jesus out of the 1st century, transported wholesale into the 20th century. But to follow Jesus must be to follow him in terms of his spirit, in terms of his attitude, in terms of his response to God and his response to the human situation, to determine in our context what Jesus would do, given what we know about him from the Gospel portrait of him. To follow Jesus in our day, we will have to learn who the enemies are that we are called to love, and where the hungry are that we're called to feed, and where the broken and the lost are that we're called to communicate and mediate the grace of God. The shape of discipleship in our day will be a shape that must be determined by every one of us, and we must all live out our own vision. We are not the clones of Jesus, but we are the followers of Jesus, and in this Lenten pilgrimage we are attempting this Spring to come face to face with the call of Jesus Christ to follow him and to determine what the shape of contemporary discipleship would be - for you and for me. Jesus gave us an example, says Peter, and we are to follow in his steps. If you read that word in its context, you will find that it's a rather foreign word to us, a rather alien context to us. There' s a word about being subject to all human institutions which is in the paragraph before I began to read, and that word was addressed to a largely slave church, and the point of Peter's counsel there is that the slave was to live out his life in the parameters of that servitude in a way that would give honor to Jesus Christ. That was the specific counsel. Now, you can't translate that literally into the 20th century where we become the disciples of Jesus, free people in a democratic nation, the most powerful nation of the earth. Some translation has to take place there, obviously. We know that there is a time when we cannot simply blindly submit. There is a time when, for conscience' sake, in the cause of justice and righteousness, because of the inspiration of Jesus Christ, we must stand up and say no. But, Peter's counsel, in that context, was appealing to those slaves (and there were 60 million slaves in the 1st century, in the Roman Empire) – his counsel to people in that context was to win honor to God by their honorable conduct and their nobility of spirit. He addresses the subject of slavery and their attitude toward their masters. And the Gospel has been criticized because it took nineteen centuries before the question of slavery was finally settled. Once again, the institution of slavery was undercut by the Gospel because masters and slaves were alike called to respond to every human being as a human being. A slave in the early centuries was a thing, not a person, and masters were given counsel as well as the slaves, but, to be sure, the institution of slavery was not attacked. What the Gospel addressed was that inner servitude of the human heart and soul, not the external condition. That came later as an outworking of the implication of the Gospel. A little further on, after we stopped reading, there is counsel to wives and to husbands, and I didn't read that because I didn't want all the wives to walk out, mad this morning. © Grand Valley State University �Following in His Steps Richard A. Rhem Page 4   You can read it on your way home, but I would suggest that you don't pick it up for Sunday dinner devotions. The model there is Sarah who called Abraham Lord, and went wherever he went. Marvelous! Only it doesn't work anymore. The whole context, the whole passage needs to be translated, because, again, it was a very specific word addressed to a very specific people at a very specific time. But even there we can get the drift, we can listen to the text long enough in order to determine that the call to us out of that word is to follow Jesus in the 20th century in our context, in our history, in our culture, in our society, in our community, in our families. And the spirit of Jesus Christ, that spirit that comes through throughout the New Testament, is a spirit to inform us and to inspire us and to empower us, as we seek to be contemporary disciples of Jesus. Peter says that Jesus is our example. When he was abused, he didn't retaliate. When he suffered unjustly, he didn't respond in anger. When he was crucified, in what must be the apex of human gracefulness, he said to the Father, "Forgive them, for they know not what they do." In Jesus there was this masterful freedom that we noted last week, this magnificent freedom, self-mastery, inward strength which enabled him to be in command in every situation because he was totally submissive to the will of the Father. Because he lived before the face of God, he feared no human institution and could be coerced by no human pressure group. Jesus, we noted last week, did not fit anywhere. There was no ideological group that could co-opt him for their cause; there was no well-meaning group that could, somehow or other, engage him and use him for their own ends. Jesus was sold out to God and, consequently, he walked with a masterful freedom in relationship to all human institutions and groups. Jesus was his own person because he was God's person, and in his willingness to suffer and to die, he has left an example to all who would follow him to adopt his spirit and mode of behaviour, although the particular response in any given situation will have to be determined by that vision that is dawned upon any individual human heart. This week as I was reflecting on this, I thought of Bonhoeffer. I always have to pull my Bonhoeffer down during Lent. Dietrich Bonhoeffer was martyred in 1945 as a consequence of having joined in an assassination plot to do away with Hitler during the Nazi terror. His Letters and Papers From Prison, you know, are probably the favourite spiritual testament of my life, and so I always bring him down and refresh myself again on the marvelous way in which he responded to his call to discipleship in that very critical period in our own century. And I was reading again in his biography that in 1939, when he had visited this country, he wrestled for a month with the question of whether to return to Germany or not. He was at Union Seminary in New York City. Reinhold Neibuhr had invited him to come, and Hitler was right at the apex of his power and his ravishing at that time. And friends of Bonhoeffer pleaded with him to remain in this country. He was a brilliant theologian. He was a passionate Christian. He had this tremendous potential, and they pled with him to stay here in order that he might be spared and saved for a full life, a useful life for decades to come. © Grand Valley State University �Following in His Steps Richard A. Rhem Page 5   In 1939, he took the last boat for Europe, for he said, "I may not participate in the upbuilding and restoration of my people after this terrible conflagration if I stay here in security, while they are suffering. I must join in solidarity with my people at this time, if I would participate in the new day that will dawn." And he said, "I know not what choice others may make, but for me, I must will the downfall of my own nation that Western civilization may prevail, for to will the success of my nation is to will the devastation of civilization." A hard choice! You see, the context of our text says, "Be subject to every human institution." But Bonhoeffer said, "There is presently in Germany a governmental institution that is an instrument of evil, and I must oppose it." His discipleship took a form in contrast to the counsel of Peter in a different context of history, and yet, I believe, in response to that very central appeal of our text to follow in the steps of Jesus. For Jesus was not a kind of a passive, weak, simpering, non-entity. Jesus was strong, and Jesus was free, and Jesus actively opposed what was wrong. Last week I mentioned Andre Trocmé, the French Huguenot pastor, who in La Chambon the French village in South France, created the village as a refuge for Jewish refugees who defied the French Vichy government that was the instrument of the Gestapo, who defied their order to turn over the Jews. However, Trocmé, in 1939, when Bonhoeffer was going back to Europe, wrote in his own diary, "Should I go and infiltrate the Nazi organization, that I might assassinate Hitler?" Trocmé’s mother was German; he spoke German and French with equal ease, he could just as well have slipped across the border. He was a very dynamic, powerful person; he could very well have gotten himself into that organization. In 1939 he actually put in his diary, "Should I go and do it, in order to stop what must be this ravage of darkness that is encompassing the continent?" He said, "No. That course is not open to me. To do so would be to separate myself from Jesus." In 1944, Bonhoeffer made the conscious decision to join a small group of conspirators who determined that the only solution was the violent end of Hitler. Now, it's so fascinating to me – here you have two theologians, two pastors, two passionate men, two men of great loving heart, of great energy, of great intellect, and both of them actively engaged, both of them proactive because of their discipleship of Jesus Christ, who came to a different conclusion as to whether or not to take an action of violence against Hitler. To be sure, five years separated the decisions. I don't know what Trocmé might have done in Bonhoeffer's shoes at that point; nonetheless, it's interesting to me that here were two very genuine, engaged disciples of Jesus wrestling with the same question, one saying, "I cannot do violence," the other saying, "I have no alternative but to do violence." A couple of years ago, in Union Seminary in New York, there was the commemoration of Bonhoeffer, and Edgar Bethke, the great biographer of Bonhoeffer, was asked the question, "How could Bonhoeffer, as a Christian, justify getting involved in a conspiracy in an assassination plot?" And Bethke’s © Grand Valley State University �Following in His Steps Richard A. Rhem Page 6   response was, "He saw no alternative." He said, "If there is someone going down the streets of a village killing people, the question is not how you cannot attempt to put an end to it, the question is how you can sit there and let it happen. You'd have to stop it." Phillip Hallie, who in 1979 wrote the book, Lest Innocent Blood Be Shed, about Trocmé and Le Chambon, the village of the refugees, said he got a letter from someone out East who wrote to him a very scorching letter, who said, "You have set forth Trocmé and Le Chambon as a passivist village that did good and was goodness incarnate, and you haven't even touched the issue. There could have been Le Chambons and there could have been Pastor Trocmés all over the world, but someone had to stop Hitler." And Hallie said, "That's true. I have to acknowledge the truth of that criticism." The point is not that one is right or one is wrong. The point is that here were two followers of Jesus who both were prolife, proactive, fully engaged, strong, caring, putting their life on the line, one saying the only alternative is a violent response, the other saying violence is always wrong for me. Trocmé was imprisoned in a concentration camp for his activities for a period of time, but it was touch and go in those days, and so they called him out in a month or two and they said, "You may be released if you will sign this statement pledging your allegiance and your complete obedience to the French leader of the Vichy government." All he had to do was write his name and walk out free. He said, "I can't sign that. My conscience is bound to the will of God. I cannot sign that." So they said, "You'll rot in prison." He said, "I'll rot in prison," and they led him back to his cell. Now, you see, we're not talking about a simpering kind of saccharine weakness that goes around the world trying to keep out of trouble, trying to be secure and find a measure of success and just keep out of any danger. That's not the issue. And the issue is not that we are all called to be clones of a certain kind. But the issue is this – we are all called to follow Jesus and to live out a vision that dawns upon our own hearts and lives as the consequence of the impact that Jesus has made upon us. We are called to follow in his steps. That's an exciting call. As I reflect on Jesus and the reverberations of Jesus that trickle down the centuries, finding expression in an André Trocmé and a Dietrich Bonhoeffer, I find that such a person is God-obsessed. There is a conscious certainty of the reality of the good and gracious God. And one is willing and able to commit one's cause to God. Isn't part of the problem of our human existence with its meaninglessness the fact that we're not sure that God is, and therefore that there is One to whom we may commit our cause? Jesus committed his cause to God. And Trocmé committed his cause to God. Bonhoeffer committed his cause to God. And then I find also that such a life is a life that is proactive, it is a life that is engaged. Not trying to survive, not trying to just get by, but living – living positively, with attention. Annie Dillard says that prayer is attention, © Grand Valley State University �Following in His Steps Richard A. Rhem Page 7   plugged in, tuned in, aware. Aware of one's world, one's community, one's neighbor, one's family, one's life. Living with attention. And I find that such a life, as I've mentioned before, is a life of wonderful freedom. Jesus didn't fit anywhere. Trocmé was a free man. Even the French Reformed Church couldn’t bring him into line, his conscience captive to the will of God. Bonhoeffer – what freedom he had. The marvelous poem that I've shared with you many times, "Who Am I?" They tell me I'm like one accustomed to live like one who is in charge," yet he's in prison. He says, "I feel like a bird in a cage." But he struggles with that inward feeling, and yet, to all outward appearances, he was one who was alive and in charge, even in prison. He says, in the concluding lines, "What am I, Lord? Am I this or am I that? Whatever I am, Thou knowest, 0 Lord, I am thine." Marvelous freedom! And then, paradoxically, joy. Joy. Trocmé was like a two-ton truck of love, rolling through the world. There was joy! Bonhoeffer brought joy to the prison camp to the cellmates. It was contagious. And Jesus, with the joy that was set before him, endured the cross. Freedom, joy, pro-life, obsessed with God. That's living, Maybe I set Jesus before you and a couple of his followers, maybe you want to slink off to the sides and say, "Wow. Who am I?" And our discipleship looks rather shoddy and shabby, I am sure. But I don't want to conclude with that strong call to discipleship without putting it in the context of grace, to say that those of us who have moved the farthest down the line have only just begun. And those of us who haven't yet begun aren't far behind. And the call is from the good and gracious God who says, "I love you. Not on the basis of your performance, but because I love you. Now, come and follow your elder Brother, Jesus Christ, our Lord." Thanks be to God, in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, Amen. © Grand Valley State University � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard A. Rhem Collection Description An account of the resource Text and sound recordings of the sermons, prayers, services, and articles of Richard Rhem, pastor emeritus of Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, Michigan, where he served for 37 years. Starting in the mid 1980's, Rhem began to question some of the traditional Christian dogma that he had been espousing from the pulpit. That questioning was a first step in a long and interesting spiritual journey, one that he openly shared with his congregation. His journey is important, in part because it is reflective of the questioning, the yearnings, and the gradual revision of beliefs that many persons in this part of the century have experienced and continue to experience. It is important also because of the affirming and inclusive way his questioning was done and his thinking evolved. His sermons and other written and spoken materials together document the steps in his journey as it took a turn in 1985, yet continued to revolve around the framework and liturgies of the Christian calendar. Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Religion Interfaith worship Sermons Sound Recordings Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rhem, Richard A. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/514">Richard A. Rhem papers (KII-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kaufman Interfaith Institute Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-2014 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 text/pdf Sound A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Event Lent III Series The Human Face of God Scripture Text I Peter 2:21 Location The location of the interview Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01_RA-0-19870322 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1987-03-22 Title A name given to the resource Following in His Steps Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richard A. Rhem Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Sermons Relation A related resource Richard A. Rhem - An Archive of Sermons, Prayers, Talks and Stories: http://richardrhem.org/ Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 application/pdf Description An account of the resource A sermon given by Richard A. Rhem (Dick) on March 22, 1987 entitled "Following in His Steps", as part of the series "The Human Face of God", on the occasion of Lent III, at Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI. Scripture references: I Peter 2:21. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives Bonhoeffer Followers of Jesus Grace Lent Way of Jesus https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/968324ce76f3a6149a903a2d3aaf3e6d.jpg c1790c0ed696999f2f33e85300e48014 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Decorated Publishers' Bindings Subject The topic of the resource Book covers Covers (Illustration) Graphic arts Publishers and publishing Pictorial bindings Description An account of the resource From the early 1870s to roughly 1930, many publishers issued their commercial book covers with a remarkable variety of graphic designs and illustrations. This sixty-year period saw many artists and designers contributing to this art form. While some can be identified from their style or initials, others remain unknown. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Michigan Novels Collection Regional Historical Collection Lincoln and the Civil War Collection Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-08-30 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>, <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-01 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source Lincoln and the Civil War. F594 .C95 1890 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-01_Bindings0171 Title A name given to the resource Following the Guidon Description An account of the resource Binding of Following the Guidon, by Elizabeth Bacon Custer, published by Harper & Brothers, 1890. Subject The topic of the resource Book covers Covers (Illustration) Graphic arts Publishers and publishing Pictorial bindings Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1890 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/ea6dd4bfb2d82c245e31c4da70202c21.mp3 3c43fc499233ec205f5f1c251a8ac34d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard A. Rhem Collection Description An account of the resource Text and sound recordings of the sermons, prayers, services, and articles of Richard Rhem, pastor emeritus of Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, Michigan, where he served for 37 years. Starting in the mid 1980's, Rhem began to question some of the traditional Christian dogma that he had been espousing from the pulpit. That questioning was a first step in a long and interesting spiritual journey, one that he openly shared with his congregation. His journey is important, in part because it is reflective of the questioning, the yearnings, and the gradual revision of beliefs that many persons in this part of the century have experienced and continue to experience. It is important also because of the affirming and inclusive way his questioning was done and his thinking evolved. His sermons and other written and spoken materials together document the steps in his journey as it took a turn in 1985, yet continued to revolve around the framework and liturgies of the Christian calendar. Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Religion Interfaith worship Sermons Sound Recordings Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rhem, Richard A. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/514">Richard A. Rhem papers (KII-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kaufman Interfaith Institute Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-2014 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 text/pdf Sound A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Event Epiphany I Scripture Text Isaiah 42:6, Matthew 2:2, John 8:12 Location The location of the interview Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KII-01_RA-0-19870111 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1987-01-11 Title A name given to the resource Following the Star: Living Out the Vision Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richard A. Rhem Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Clergy--Michigan Reformed Church in America Christ Community Church (Spring Lake, Mich.) Sermons Relation A related resource Richard A. Rhem - An Archive of Sermons, Prayers, Talks and Stories: http://richardrhem.org/ Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 Description An account of the resource A sermon given by Richard A. Rhem (Dick) on January 11, 1987 entitled "Following the Star: Living Out the Vision", on the occasion of Epiphany I, at Christ Community Church, Spring Lake, MI. Scripture references: Isaiah 42:6, Matthew 2:2, John 8:12. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/f4916bd9f1dd42749672ac32463dee03.jpg 099d2b5ea523fe7fd7fa8a0b9d62f2d9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FongChristina Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Fong, Christina Description An account of the resource Christina Fong, Associate Concertmaster of Grand Rapids Symphony Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/54a8bc3316374bae5e5367763b45b001.pdf 40a8ea009866d86ed6c4d230c369c00d PDF Text Text The Nokomi., Foundation Lecture Series West Michigan Women's Studies Council Presents: DR.VANDANA SHIVA Food Security in Women's Hands l ,, \ l Tuesday October 13, 2009 7:00 p.m. Talk to be followed by a reception and book signing Fountain Street Church 24 Fountain Street NE, Grand Rapids, Ml 49503 FREE AND OPEN TO THE PUBLIC Special Accommodations upon request For more information go to www.wmwsc.org AQ1J INAS lnl DAVENPORT ~ COLLEGE c._~ A ~ Grand Rapids Community College LV IN ·©}· Graphic design: Lisa M. Yarost UNIVER S ITY ~ - HOPE COIJ£GE � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource GVSU Sexuality and Gender Flyers Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Rainbow Resource Center Women and Gender Studies Department Women's Commission Gayle R. Davis Center for Women and Gender Equity Description An account of the resource Digitized posters, flyers, event notices, and other materials relating to gender expression and sexuality at Grand Valley State University, with materials spanning from 1974 to 2019. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974/2019 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digitized from collections at the Rainbow Resource Center (formerly the Milton E. Ford LGBT Resource Center), Women and Gender Studies Department, Women's Commission, and Gayle R. Davis Center for Women and Gender Equity. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Gender identity Gender expression Sexual orientation Women's studies Queer theory Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-09 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-09_SGF_WGS_2009_InvitedSpeaker_Dr.VandanShiva_Poster.pdf Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Women's Center Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009-10-13 Title A name given to the resource Food Security in Women's Hands Description An account of the resource Poster of the event, as well as the location, time and date of the event. Subject The topic of the resource Community centers Women's studies Lectures and lecturing Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Department Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/92d9fb5b24b380cefbcb5450d38ea674.jpg 9a4671af18ff3098ec9e516a61cb87d9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1980s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_001056 Title A name given to the resource Football coaches Description An account of the resource Football in the mid 80's. Bob Gesse head coach center front, at left assistant Fred Cromey, assistant Bruce Speagle on right. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Sports Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/3052d9f26fb82f9cd9d69034bbd38a94.jpg dd29bb92e58a26c33e6d4d602636fd13 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1970s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_001065 Title A name given to the resource Football coaches Description An account of the resource Football coaches, Jim Harkema head coach, Jim Scott assistant on left. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Sports Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/339a213fad9e7464b1b7fe147327f98f.jpg 4b8dcdcfba144fa4c7e871c935b74fb6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1970s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000394 Title A name given to the resource Football field bathroom facilities Description An account of the resource Men's restroom at the Laker football field. Outhouses were used until Lubbers Stadium was built in 1979. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Students Events Sports Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c9343e2b166036f5c4505dd5498c5392.jpg 3a5737a0bae69b2c8cd6f2d52acc3fc6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Valley State University Photographs Subject The topic of the resource Aerial photographs Universities and colleges Michigan Grand Rapids (Mich.) Allendale (Mich.) Building Facilities Dormitories Students Events 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Description An account of the resource People, places, and events of Grand Valley State University from its founding in 1960 as a 4-year college in western Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource News & Information Services. University Communications Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">News &amp; Information Services. University Photographs. (GV012-01)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-03-03 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s-2000s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local Subject Subject headings specific to a particular image collection 1970s Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/41">University photographs, GV012-01</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-01_UAPhotos_000981 Title A name given to the resource Football player lifts weights Description An account of the resource Football player lift weights. Subject The topic of the resource Students Grand Valley State University Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities and colleges Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives black and white photo