296 24 26018 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/7ff666cf91a685b2a3be825a9426b480.pdf 8a3899aef036ad2c54fe68573af679a7 PDF Text Text Volume 2 Number 9 A Publication by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council September 1992 TO HONOR CHILDREN: Traditional Parenting This article speaks to the environment in which Indian children were traditionally raised within the extended family system. The parenting method of honoring children has been used by generations of Indian families. The basic belief is that when parents honor their children, they will rear children who will be respectful, wise, and honorable adults. Honoring children is done by giving praise, encouragement, and affirmations about positive behavior. There are many aspects to traditional parenting teachings, practices and beliefs, including the Medicine Wheel, extended family and clan systems, storytelling, vision quests and honoring children. Children need and desire the warmth, concern and encouragement that parents, grandparents, aunts and uncles, brothers and sisters can give them. This type of nurturing and guidance was the "planting of good seeds" within the child to direct their thoughts and actions. When an Indian woman discovered she was carrying a child within her, she would ' A PEEK INSIDE Director's Column ............ 2 Words & Wisdom ............. 8,9 Newsbriefs ....................... 3 Announcements ................ 10, 11 Feature ............................. 4,5 Pow Wows ........................ 12 Human Services ............... 6,7 actively engage in song and conversations with the yet unborn child, to touch with words and intent. This was to ensure the infant knew it was welcome, and a foundation was made for planting the seeds of love and respect. It was assumed the child possessed the qualities to develop into a worthwhile individual. Because a child was considered a gift from the Creator, the caretakers had the responsibility to return to the Creator an individual who respected him- or herself and others. Children knew they were the center of existence for all family members. They were honored by celebrations and feasts given by relatives, leaving no doubt as to their worth and value. Indian parents knew they could encourage good behavior by acknowledging those traits that would be helpful as the child grew into adulthood. Excerpt from an article by D. Subia Bigfoot, PhD. �DIRECTOR'S COLUMN .. Boozhoo: During this summer the Grand Rapids InterTribal Council has been busy planning for the future. Interviews for the new executive director have taken place, programs have been reviewed, downsizing of the GRITC staff has occurred, and a public forum was held to hear from the Native American community. One issue that was discussed at length at the forum was the hiring practices of the City of Grand Rapids relating to American Indians. As a result of this discussion, I met with Frank Smith, Human Resources director for the City of Grand Rapids, who explained the policy to me. Further, he has agreed to write an article for a future issue of Turtle Talk. 1992 has been declared the "Year of the American Indian" by the United States Congress. This is also the quincentennial of Columbus arriving in the western hemisphere. Many Native Americans feel it has been 500 years of survival for our people. More about events surrounding Columbus Day will follow in next month's issue. Recently I attended a national symposium in Washington, DC conducted by the Administration for Native Americans. This symposium wa~ very informative concerning grant writing and legislative concerns for American Indians. The Council was saddened by the news of the passing away of Ike Peters. Ike provided our community with guidance and many years of encouraging of PowWow through his leadership of the Grand Valley American Indian Lodge. He will be missed by the GRITC staff. Finally, let me take this time to thank Mary Stitt, who is no longer on GRITC staff, for her contribution to Turtle Talk; and to introduce our new editor, Marcia Barber. Please contact Marcia at 7748331 with ideas or comments on Turtle Talk. Please feel free to contact me at the Council for any community input. Levi A. Rickert, Interim Director 2•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council GRITC Board of Directors Bill Memberto - President John Hutchinson - Vice-President Andra Robinson - Treasurer Loretta Antoine - Secretary Roger Williams - Member Jeanne Harding - Member Mary Roberts - Member Bill Dunlop - Manha GRITCSTAFF Administratiaa Levi A. Rictm - lnJaim Executive Director l..oRu.a. Yoanl - Assis&ant Director Jeff Jusain - AaxMmraor Cluis Sbcmin - Aa:ouuting Clerk HllfflOIISen Demis Blad: Dmq F.mm HunaGmia Kristie Pagel Bruce Trobridge Lorena Youn1 Normml..eo KimSawmict Michigan Indian Prus Terry Bussey - Production S11pport Denise Skork.a - Adminislration Clerk Susan Ives - Intake Facilitator Diane Leaureaux - Michigan Indian Press TIUt~Talk Marcia Barber - Editor Diane Leaureaux- Circulation Con1ribu1ing Writers Bill Dunlop Hunter Genia Mabel Shomin Susie Shagonaby Turtle Talk' s mission is to provide its readership with reports of local and national interest and happenings that may directly or indirectly affect and impact our Indian community. Turtle Talk welcomes any comments or opinionsfrom its readership. However, we will consider publishing only those letters which have a signed name and address. It should be noted that letters to the editors express the views of the writers and not necessarily the views of this newsleuer or GRllC. Deadlinefor submission is the 10th ofevery monlh. Turtle Talk is published monihly by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council located at 45 Lexington N.W., Grand Rapids, Michigan 49504, 6161 774-8331, FAX 6161774-2810. �, PUBLIC ACCESS TELEVISION JOB SERVICE A new service on Wyoming's public access cable station, TV23, will let area job seekers watch television to find out if they have skills local employers are seeking. "WYOMING JOB MART' is a 15-minute bi-weekly public service project by the Wyoming Chamber of Commerce and TV23. Listings of available jobs from 700 firms in the Wyoming area will be featured. Information will tell viewers who is hiring, what the job responsibilities and requirements are, work hours, wages and who to contact. The program airs at 8:30 p.m. every other Wednesday beginning August 19. CHARLOTTE ANDERSON WINS AW ARD In a letter from the principal of the T.C. Williams High School, Alexandria, Virginia, CHARLOTTE ANDERSON was recognized for her "academic work, effon of leadership qualities, and for having made a positive contribution to her class as well as the overall school learning environment." She is the winner of the T.C. Williams Titan Pride Achievement Award. . NEWSBRIEFS CHEROKEES MEET IN GEORGIA The governing body of the CHEROKEE NATION plans to meet on Georgia soil Thursday for the first time since the tribe was driven out on the infamous Trail of Tears more than 150 years ago .. "This is a very historic occasion. It has been 162 years since the council met here, and several years after the council's last meeting the Trail of Tears began," said Jeff Stancil, a park ranger at the New Echota Historic Site near Calhoun in northwest Georgia. "CRAZY HORSE" TESTIMONY In Washington, DC the Select Committee on Children, Youth and Families held a hearing May 19 to focus attention on "Crazy Horse" Malt Liquor. Testimony was given that the marketing of this product is culturally insensitive to many Native American tribes who hold Crazy Horse as a revered Indian hero, a spiritual leader, and an undefeated warrior. For more information, contact Cassie Statuto at (202) 2267692. From FrankR. Wolf, Member of Congress, 10th District, Virginia. BEADING BONANZA NBC News recently reported the NAVAJO NATION signed a contract with sneaker-maker Reebock which will showcase their tribal beadwork in an exciting new form. According to Navajo Vice President Marshall Plummer, craftspeople create elaborate beaded panels which are shipped to Denver for application to white high-top style sneakers. With a 45% unemployment rate among their population, Plummer is pleased so many more people, men and women, now have work which gives them independence, income and pride in their heritage. The finished product, now in demand by celebrities, costs anywhere from $200 to $2,000. 3•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council �FEATURE RESURRECTION by Bill Dunlop "You were with my brother in the alcoholic trap for many years. Now you're out of it and my brother is still in it. What happened to you that didn't happen to him? When are you going to tell us about that?" These questions were asked of me recently by two long time friends outside a grocery store. First thing I must tell you is I can't answer those questions in a sentence or two, so I'll answer as best I can. The biggest mistake I've made in my life was to think that fun, pleasure and excitement were happiness; and of course you can induce those feelings with alcohol. I'm not the only one to make that mistake. Look around you, there are legions who have made that same mistake. "Feeling good" is what they call it, and at first it's true. You do get a rush of good feeling, euphoria, when you first start using alcohol. The "hell" hasn't commenced. come under a bridge, where I was a homeless derelict bereft of all hope, vomiting blood, four days and nights, waiting to die. I remember saying. "God, if there is a god, let me take just one more breath, and then if you have any mercy left for me, just turn off my lights and let my suffering end." I waited then for death. I want to interrupt myself at this point to apologize, to make atonement as best I can to my people, all the Indian people, for what I did to their good name. DIRTY, DRUNKEN INDIAN! That's the name I helped label them with. Beg, borrow and steal, that was my motto. That was how I got my booze in the latter stages of my life as an alcoholic. As a practicing alcoholic that is. for I will always be an alcoholic. My uncles thought it was cute to let me have the foam off their beer. I guess they didn't realize the bubbles would disappear but the alcohol would remain to do its work. I must have been a boy of five or so. I can still remember how really good it felt. I could run faster, jump off higher places, a~d laugh. I felt like laughing all the time. I felt good! In remission now, of course, but still there lying in wait. For though rm in my seventh year of complete abstention from booze, I know as sure as the next dawn will come that should I take just one small drink the soul-crushing disease of alcoholism would come roaring back to life. I would be it's slave again, I would wander around in a torpor, trapped in a world of make-believe, where the only thing that matters is the next drink, and the supply of booze. The die was cast from drinking that foam in. For all the rest of my drinking life I would associate drinking with fun, pleasure and excitement. That was the beginning of my life with booze. Many, many years would go by, forty-five to be exact, until the end of my drinking would come. Fortyfive years of riding t~at mad "merry-go-round" to hell. The end of my alcoholic life would I'll be using the word "Booze" as I tell you my story. Booze is anything with alcohol in it. I know what I'm talking about, for I learned the hard way. I was the guy you saw passed out in that doorway with the almost empty wine bottle beside me. I was the unwashed, unshaven guy in the old army greatcoat you saw shuffling along the railroad tracks. I was that dirty bum who 4•The Grand Rapids Inter-Triba[ Council �asked you for seven cents so I could get another drink. I had to stay alive. The disease changed from living to drink to drinking to live. You may say "Shame on you for letting yourself get in such a way." Yes, the shame was still there and still alive. I felt it deeply when I saw you looking at me in disgust and revulsion. But the terrible unending need for booze was much stronger and it overrode all those things like shame, and pride. I'm an old man now, and there are times when I am alone in the still of the night and I think of the disgrace I brought upon you. The tears well up in my eyes as I realize I can't tum back time and do things differently. I can't say "I'm sorry, I won't do it again." Of course I can't do it again, I don't have forty-five years of life left to do it again. rm past singing the "September Song," and at the bridge I'm halfway through my twilight time, and "Nearer My God To Thee" is all that's left. Sam Bush helped me get cleaned up at the Mission. Roseanne Martell got a bus ticket (marked "do not refund"), and I was on my way to Resurrection. Yes, that's the right word. Resurrection is returning to life from the dead. I owe those four Indians (Sam Bush, Bill Memberto, Hank Shaw and Roseanne Martell) a deep debt of gratitude, as well as the Indians at the treatment center in Baraga. There were wonderful people who helped me. Indians and non-Indians alike. But I can't tell you some of their names. If I could, I would shout them from the tallest steeples and highest mountains. They are without a doubt the best people the Creator put on earth, but they wish to remain anonymous and I respect their wishes. This article is a small glimpse of how the little boy drinking the foam off his uncles' beer became the dying, dirty tramp lying under the bridge. Next time, I will tell you more about this life. When I realized I wasn't going to die under that bridge, I dragged myself a few steps at a time (I was so weak) to a friend's office. 1 know I was a 6(23/92 terrible sight. People stared at me and shrank Hello: away from me as I made my way slowly along I'm writing to tell you I'm very interested in your area of the street. But a Good Samaritan helped me up , the country. My name is Vicki Bilagody, I'm from Tuba the stairs at the Guiding Light mission to where City (AZ) and I'm a Navajo. I'm taking a travel & tourism Sam Bush was working as a counselor. He class, learning about airlines, motels, and where people called Bill Memberto at the Inter-Tribal Council, like to go. I'd like to know if different people from other and he called Hank Shaw in the Upper parts of the country come to your area to enjoy themselves. Peninsula. Somehow these Indians got me Thanks, admitted to the treatment center for alcoholic Vicki Bilagody Indians at Baraga, Michigan. I say somehow, Note : Vicki is looking for people to write her, telling because that wonderful place was already about their homes, their families, crafts, special interests overcrowded. They convinced the Indian people and their languages and customs. Prospective pen pals there that I was an emergency. At that time I can write her at: weighed 156 pounds. In high school, I played P.O. Box 1354 football at 180 pounds and now weigh 260 Tuba City, Arizona 86045 pounds. 5•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council �HUMAN SERVICE YOUNG EAGLES HAPPENINGS by Hunter Genia The Young Eagles are in the middle of the summer schedule and doing a real good job. The Young Eagles is a Native American youth prevention group that focuses on activities which will support self esteem, cultural projects/heritage, prevention of substance abuse and a fun learning experience. At this time the Young Eagles are in the process of finishing their shawls and ribbon shirts. They have worked long and hard and this was sometimes frustrating for them, but they were nonetheless eager to finish. They have taken nearly a month to do this project or close to 8 hours. From the very beginning of picking out their material for colors and size to sewing their last stitch the group has done a real good job sewing and being patient. None of this could have been done without the help of volunteers of course and we'd like to thank them for their tremendous help with this project.: Lorraine "Punkin" Shananaquet, Levi Ricken, Rosemary Shipman, Mary Medawis, Betty Shelby, Toni Genia, June Fletcher, Dave Shananaquet, Wendy Fitzgerald. / /;' Congratulations to the Young Eagles, and while we're at it, let's pay a tribute to them for a job well done and more to come! Robert Memberto Arianne Memberto April Leaureaux Linda Mando~a Brian Pahman JoePahman Mellena Sams Danielle Cohee Edna Shriner Grace Shriner Ernest Loonsfoot Frank Dunlap Pooch Dunlap Sheena White .\.. NMU NATIVE STUDIES Northern Michigan University, which has the largest Native American enrollment among state colleges and universities in Michigan, will offer a Native American Studies Minor. Some courses will be national in emphasis, some regional. Courses include Native American literature, history, folklore, the Ojibwa language, frontier geography, and socio-cultural anthropology. MILWAUKEE FESTIVAL "Discover America's Founding Fathers" at the Indian Summer Festival on Milwaukee's Lakefront, September 11-13. American Indian Art & Craft Demonstrations, Authentic Indian Food & Merchandise, Contemporary & Traditional American Indian Entertainment, Competition PowWow, Live Village Set Up, Special Events. For more information, call (414) 383-7425. 6•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council �HELP PREVENT CHILD ABUSE The Kent County Council for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect is recruiting volunteers for their Speakers Bureau. Presentations to the community will focus on prevention of child abuse and neglect. The goal is to increase awareness of the problem, provide people with information on how to report suspicions and how to become actively involved with prevention. Training will be provided, no previous knowledge is necessary. Call Jan Allen at the Council at 454-4673. 25 WAYS TO HELP YOUR CHILD IN SCHOOL 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Keep your child healthy. Talk with your children. Listen to your children. Praise your children. Be patient with your children. A void comparing your children. 7. Set the stage for good homework habits. 8. Schedule home study on a regular basis. 9. Set a bedtime and stick to it. 10. See that your children's school attendance is excellent. 11. Know exactly how your children are doing in school. 12. Make family mealtime meaningful. 13. Make television your servant, not your master. 14. Take your children places. 15. Read with your children. 16. Help your children read. 17. Have your children read to you. 18. Listen as your children tell you about what they have read. 19. Provide a wide variety of reading material in your home. 20. Give your children books as birthday or holiday gifts. 21. Tempt your children with paperbacks. 22. Intrigue your children with their own magazine subscriptions. 23. Get your children interested in daily newspapers. 24. Join and use the free public library. 25. Encourage a wide variety of reading experiences: kitchen reading (labels, recipes); medicine cabinet reading (labels, prescriptions); record reading (read the jacket labels on record albums & songbooks). "Let us put our heads tcgether and see what life we wil~ make for our children . " Tatanka lotanka (Sitting Bull, Lakota) 7•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council �WORDS & WISDOM A HISTORY OF THE ODAWA INDIANS IN HARBOR SPRINGS (part three) by Susie Kiogama Shagonaby Some there were who left the party. Found a place and set their wigwams. There remained and built their village. But the great chief, Popsigun, Ever heedful of the wisdom Given him by the Great Spirit, Traveled onward with his people. When they came to big island, There they stopped and there they rested, Weary from their tiring journey. Waited/or the scouts before them. Waited/or the scouts returning. Soon the scouts came to the island To report to Popsigun, their chieftan. Told of a land made up of beauty: Rolling hills and skyblue waters, Forests, grapes and wild fruit growing. Of land with fish and wildfowl, Where the deer roamed unmolested. Here we came and pitched our wigwams. Linle Traverse, Waug-ga-nuk-sa. Linle Traverse, Our New Homeland. (Continued in next issue) AUGUST BIRTHDAYS SEPTEMBER BIRTHDAYS Earl Schoenborn Martin Wesaw Jeannette St.Clair Rose Hunt Maudeline McDonald Francis Peters Mark Wabanimkee Teresa Shananaquet Toni Genia Tim Genia Jamie McCann Bob Stone Johnny Day Ann LaFontsee Corvin Emery Monica Rickert Elizabeth Rickert Sandra Floyd Karen M. Boda Loretta Yount Jennie Bruner Harold Shaw Sean Winter Hazel John Louis Wesaw Dorothy Medacco Rob Herr Tom Herr Faron Bowen Tanya Raphael Darcy Crampton Jimmy Bush, Jr. Nicholas Cavasos Gary Rueckert Kevin Ives, Jr. 8•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council �GREAT PINE by Mabel Shomin Kit - chi jing - wale Kit - chi jing - wak Ma - tig - wa -king en - dai -an A - nish mi - nik bi - boo pa - ta - ki - shi - ain 0 - jon - da Ak - king Kit - chi - jing - wak Kit - chi - jing - wak pi - sin - dan - a - wi no - din ma - da - ni - mad Kit - chi - jing - wak Kit - chi - jing - wak K I non - da - wak nah A - ni - ni - kig? Bi - dwe - we - da - mok Kit - chi - jing - wak Kit - chi - jing - wak Kl na - ga - mo - wi - nan - nah a - ni - wi Wen - dji kit - chi - ma - tig wi - ian? Great Pine Great Pine You who dwell in the forest How many years have you stood here on earth? Great Pine Great Pine Listen to that wind It's beginning to blow. Great Pine Great Pine Do you hear the thunder? They are approaching. Great Pine Great Pine Are those your songs Why you are a mighty tree? note: spelling by Fr. Baraga The Senior Roorn will be open every Wednesday and Friday from 9:00 to 11:00 AM. Loretta Yount, our senior casemanager, will be available during those hours to ~ you. [ 9•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council �ANNOUNCEMENTS ADULT HIGH SCHOOL COURSES SIGN UP NOW FOR FALL! Lexington Community Education offers all required subjects, plus: Computers & Word Processors; GED Preparation; Adult Pre-High School; Business Education; and .Skills Training Programs. Call 771-2733 Lexington Community Education 45 Lexington, NW Grand Rapids Community Education Grand Rapids ~ublic Schools 950 Bridge N.W. (at Lane) Let LEE's Do Your Cooking... COUNSELING IN MUSKEGON The WOLF CLAN COUNSELING SERVICES will be opening September 1, 1992. ·Their offices are at 345 West Grand Avenue, Muskegon. Phone (616) 726-6224. CASH REGISTER TAPES Please continue to donate your receipts from Meijer and D&W for GRITC. Your "tapes" help send our youth to many functions and activities. Bring in your tapes, or send to: Chris Shomin, GRITC, 45 Lexington NW, Grand Rapids MI 49504. Thanks! NEED A RIDE? CALL RIDE LINE at 245-3555. Know someone who needs a ride, a senior, someone with limited income, a physical or mental disability? Call the ride line at 245-3555 for more information. HOME DELIVERY (Limited Deliver Area) 774-9311 Hours of Delivery: Monday - Thursday 4:00 p.m. - 8:00 p.m. Friday & Saturday 4:00 - 9:00 p.m. Sunday 12:00 noon - 8:00 p.m. Minimum $8 Order Required Native American Women's Group meets TEACHING TO A NEW AMERICA September 18 is set for a CONFERENCE at Northern Michigan University in Marquette. Highlights include: Multi-cultural education with emphasis on Native American culture; Renowned national and regional presenters on multi-cultural education; Resource room open to the public. Conference 8:30 am to 3:45 pm, Arts Integration Celebration Dinner 5:30 to 8:30 pm. Fee $15 (dinner $10 extra). Call Christine Johnson Martin at 228-9400 for information. JO•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Monday Evenings 6-7 p.m. Support Group for Women to Enhance Self-Esteem Please join us in our path to healing. ConJact Loretta. Yount for more information~ · ·. ·. at774-8331. •.,. q:,, �NATIVE AMERICAN PARENT COMMITTEE (title V: Native American Education Program) ANNUAL ELECTIONS & MEMBERSHIP DRIVE September 9, 1992 6:30p.m. West Middle School Building Native American Education Office, Room 241 615 Turner, NW Grand Rapids TURTLE TALK SUBSCRIBERS & SUPPORTERS Subscribe to Turtle Talk and you can DEDUCT YOUR DONATION on your income tax. Turtle Talk appreciates all contributions and recognizes generous givers in the next issue (unless you prefer to remain anonymous). Be a GOLDEN GIVER for $15/year, a SILVER GIVER for $10/year, or a BRONZE GIVER for just $5/year. Please send your contribution to: GRITC, 45_ Lexington NW, Grand Rapids MI 49504. AUGUST/SEPTEMBER SUPPORTERS We appreciate your donations! Joe Couillard Larry Couillard Bruce Hardwick Pam VanDyken BE A TURTLE TALK CONTRIBUTOR Your stories, poems, cartoons and news clips are needed for upcoming issues of TURTLE TALK. We are always looking for good news, births, weddings, awards, graduations, etc. Please send your contributions to: Turtle Talk, 45 Lexington NW, Grand Rapids MI 49504. ADVERTISING RA TES All parents of Indian students, Indian high school students, teachers, counselors, and community members of the Grand Rapids Public School and Kent Intermediate School districts are eligible for election to the Parent Committee and are encouraged to participate and join other parents who are striving to improve educational services for our anishnabe students. Turtle Talk is now accepting outside adverting. Rates are: Full Page $ 100/month Half Page $50/month Quarter Page $25/month Business Card Size $15/month A 5% discount is offered for a one year subscription, prepaid. We can also offer production assistance. For more information, call the office at 774-8331. For more information, call: 771-3318 or 7712129. 1 l•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council �POW WOW EVENTS AND TIMES September 12th & 13th 31st Annual Grand Valley American Indian Lodge Pow Wow Grand Rapids, Michigan Comstock Riverside Park. Contact: Frank Murphy (616)363-5573 September 25th Michigan Commission on Indian Affairs' - Commission Meeting Detroit, Michigan For more information contact Betty Kienitz, Interim Executive Director (517) 373-0654 September 26th & 27th Woodlake Pow Wow Jones, Michigan For more information contact: Barb Scott (313) 773-1233. September 26th & 27th North American Assoc. of Detroit & U. of M./Dearborn Pow Wow Dearborn, Michigan For more information contact: U. of M. Fieldhouse (313) 593-5390. September 26th & 27th 4th Annual Western Michigan University Pow Wow Kalamazoo, Michigan Wings Stadium. For more information contact: Phil Francisco (616) 375-5376 or Dave Knapp (616) 387-3390 for Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council 45 Lexington, NW, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49504 Non Profit Org. U.S. Postage PAID Permit No.690 Grand Rapids. Ml Betty Libary Jones Grand Valley State College Allendale Ml. 49401 This newsletter is funded in part by United Way, Office of Substance Abuse Services, Community Mental Health, and private donations. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_turtle-talk_v21992-09 Title A name given to the resource Turtle Talk, Volume 2, September 1992 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1992-09 Description An account of the resource September 1992 (volume 2) issue of Turtle Talk by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Barber, Marcia (Editor) Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c95ecb35ffe7294cbcb0ae17a670acd2.pdf b595683ffaff145b83e990600b93a25f PDF Text Text .. .:~·- ~~ .... : :-~·.: '; .'" Volume 2 Number 1O A Publication by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council October 1992 AFTER THE "DISCOVERY'' Columbus' Quincentennial is Nothing to Celebrate -- But 500 Years of Native Peoples' Resistance Is. GRITC RESPONDS TO COLUMBUS DAY by William D. Memberto, Board President As most folks know by now, the Board has hired Mr. Levi Rickert as the Executive Director. In the search for an individual for this position, we interviewed at least six candidates. The Board was focused on finding someone with good insight into the development of a strong management process. We were and are particularly concerned with the development of both program and fiscal accountability for the Council. We believe Levi's experience and success in business will be of great assistance to our efforts here at InterTribal. In addition, the fact that he has spent A PEEK Director's Column ............ 2 Introduction ...................... 5 Christopher Columbus ..... 6 Historic Lies ...................... 7 Past Tense ......................... 9 some time as a working member of the Board will be helpful in building relationships between the Board and the Executive Director. I believe that Levi also has the ability to work with=====~~~==~~~~~~===== both the Native American funding sources and community and the supportive people in the mainstream service and mainstream. During this political structures we past month the Board of must work with to reDirectors began this focus efforts of the effort with the developCouncil. ment of the Health and As President of the Board Human Services Committee and the Economic of Directors, I believe we Development Committee. must set an agenda in Assisting us in these our reorganizational efforts are the Urban efforts to facilitate a Institute at Michigan more open and State University and the interactive process School of Social Work at within the community, Grand Valley State as well as with the University. We are hopeful that once the INSIDE mission has been set in Opportunity ....................... 10 Moving Ahead .................. 12 Announcements ................ 14, 15 Pow Wows ........................ 16 (continued on pg. 3) �FROM THE DIRECTOR: This issue of Turtle Talk is devoted to the theme of Columbus Day simply because the general population will be focusing on Columbus with 1992 as the Quincentennial during the month of October. Eighty million dollars is being spent to commemorate his exploits, which is preposterous considering the atrocities he committed soon after a rriving on this continent, and further when we witness the poverty and suffering Indians still encounter today. Would it not have been grand if a portion of this $80 million was given to alleviate the poverty among Indians? GRITC Board of Directors William Memberto - President Jolm Hutchinson - Vice-President Andra Robinson - Treasurer Loretta Antoine - Secretary Roger Williams - Member Jeanne Harding - Member Mary Roberts - Member Bill Dunlop - Member t--~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- GRITC STAFF Administration Levi A. Rickert - Executive Director Jeff Justin - Accountant Chris Shomin - Accounting Clerk H wnan Services Darcy Emert Hunter Genia Kristie Pagel Loretta Yount Kim Sawmick Author Vine Deloria wrote recently, "The celebration of the quincentennial of Columbus' discovery of the western hemisphere contains the potential for great reconciliation or immense misunderstanding." We at the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council hope that perhaps something contained herein will help readers become more understanding of the plight of the American Indian peoples. Mich ig an Indian Press Terry Bussey - Production Support Denise Skorka - Administration Clerk Susan Ives - Intake Facilitator Diane Leaureaux - Michigan Indian Press Levi A. Rickert, Executive Director 'furlle 'J 'alk Marcia E. Barber - Editor Diane Leaureaux- Circulation ConlribuLing Writers Bill Dunlop Richard Sprague Kim Sawmick William Membeno Turtle Talk' s mission is to provide its readership with reports of local and national interest and happenings that may dire ctly or indirectly affect and impact our Indian community. Turtle Talk welcomes any comments or opinionsfrom its readership. However, we will consider publishing only those letters which have a signed name and address. It should be noted that letters to the editors express the views of the writers and not necessarily the views of this newsletter or GRITC. I Deadline for submission is the 10th ofevery month. Turtle Talk is published monthly by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council located at 45 Lexington N.W., Grand Rapids, Michigan 49504, 6161 774-8331, FAX 6161774-2810. 1 1 2•'/'he Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council �GRITC RESPONDS (can't. from cover) each of these areas. we will be able to solicit others from both the mainstream and Native American community to join us in further efforts in these two important areas. I believe, as do other members of the Board, that we can form positive partnerships to assist us in meeting the overall needs of our communities. The last thing I want to mention is the upcoming "Columbus Day" effort taking place on the Calder Plaza on October 12, 1992. There are sure a lot of issues we need to address as part of this effort. Most of the Native people and other people of color understand and view the "myth of discovery" as the beginning of 500 years of genocide in the Americas, and rightfully so. It is time that Euroamerica comes to the truth and reality of America's history, rather than continuing a myth of heritage that has become a process of denial in the mainstream. If Euroamerica will acknowledge history as seen through the eyes of Native Americans, it certainly challenges the long history of distortions that we as Native Americans have endured, and makes many of these believers uncomfortable. This is very difficult for them, as we know. Of course the problem that we as Native Americans have is that if Euroamerica can ignore the history of this land and the relationships with the Native American populations, they can have no perspective of the current truth of our people. The fact is that many of the worst anti-Indian efforts are not historical - they are indeed happening today. While the "Custer" days of military interventions are hopefully a thing of the past (we cannot be sure), there continues a more subtle, but equally negative process of legal manipulations that basically steal the lands and the sovereign status of Native Americans today. In addition, we see the advent of the "spiritual" quests of many nonNative Americans to the traditional religious practices of our people. This has proliferated to the point where we now see Native American spiritual processes and ceremonies being conducted and sponsored by and for non-Native Americans. While I fully understand that many people are in need of a spiritual awakening, and that Native American processes can be helpful for many folks. I admit I have an aversion to seeing so many non-Natives suddenly becoming experts in the ceremonial process. Make no mistake, this practice finds its roots in racism. Until 1978, we could not even practice openly many of our religious activities in this country. Our elders and spiritual leaders took lifetimes to learn of these things, and these non-Natives, primarily the Euroamericans, have learned everything in a mere fourteen years - ironic, isn't it? Of course. in many cases it took hundreds of years before we, as Native Americans. could in a legal sense practice these things ourselves. The basic message here is that I hope we will think about this matter in depth, rather than just cursing Columbus. There are many actions being taken against Native Americans in both this and the southern hemisphere that reflect "business as usual" in the Americas. Think about it, and then come and speak out at the Calder on October 12, at 3:00 pm. See you there! 3•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council �TURTLE TALK NEEDS WRITERS Send your short stories, family histories, poems, cartoons or thoughts on today's current events. We will use as much original material as possible in each issue. Also send your letters and comments, ideas and \isions for the future of the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council, to: Turtle Talk, 45 Lexington NW, Grand Rapids, MI 49504. SUBSCRIBERS & SUPPORTERS WANTED Subscribe to Turtle Talk and help support programs of the GRITC. Your contributions are tax deductible, and all donations are greatly appreciated. Generous friends will be recognized in the next issue of Turtle Talk. Be a GOLDEN GIVER for $15/year, A SILVER GIVER for $10/year, or A BRONZE giver for $5/year. Please send your subscription donations to: Turtle Talk, 45 Lexington NW, Grand Rapids. MI 49504. SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER DONATIONS We appreciate your support! Rev. David Knapp Leroy Bailey Eric Neitzel June Barber Michael J. Kelly Wilma Kelly \~. OCTOBER BIRTHDAYS Jesse Arizola Tracey Dougherty Dorothy Boda Mark Rueckert Mary Smith John King Tyrone Raphael Robert Sheahan David Yount Sharon Winters Duane Wesaw A. N. Wesaw Jeanette Pierce Shirley Chamberlain Terri Leaureaux Ronnie Judson Gary Shomin Paul Terpenning June Bug Eugene Chisholm Barbara Toothman Nancy Sheneman Joyce Hinkle Chris Anderson Jeremy Anderson Hunter Genia Danielle Sheahan Leesa Sams Robert Williams Anthony Emery Ryan Levi Rickert - ·-·---- TURTLE TALK SEEKS ADVERTISERS TURTLE TALK REACHES OVER 1,000 NATIVE AMERICAN RESIDENTS IN GRAND RAPIDS AND SURROUNDING COUNTIES. REASONABLE RATES MAKE THIS NEWSLETTER A GREAT ADVERTISING BUY FOR YOUR BUSINESS. A 5% DISCOUNT IS OFFERED FOR A ONEYEAR SUBSCRIPTION, PREPAID. WE CAN ALSO OFFER PRODUCTION ASSISTANCE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL THE OFFICE AT 774-8331. 4•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council 1 11111(111111111 �Sp~_.-:-······E-·-c-- 1--~- A L~-. c-- - o- L- u--,. M-<.-~-- e...--- u-~-.·-,· s---- n-~--· A·Y·""-- 1~..- · s·:-s----u-~-.·-,--E- ' .... : ... ... :. :=__;:- :_ --_..::· .. .. .. ::· ... ·..· -.. -. ::: ·:_ -. __.:. :_ ...· ./ .. : ... := _:_. / : ..=.... =:: ___::: _) .· ·.. _.:::: .. ..· _) .. _·::· .. : .· .. _::: ... : ·_. _) .· ·_·__.) _) .. _::_:=. ::: COLUMBUS DAY, A BEGINNING by Marcia E. Barber Just before the arrival of Columbus on this hemisphere, hundreds of indigenous cultures, tribes, and nations were engaged in a full range of activity designed to meet the needs of massed as well as isolated populations. The Northeast Indian Quarterly, Fall 1990: "There was culture and viewpoint, cosmology, agriculture and natural resource methodology in many local adaptations - a grand diversity that signalled a continental civilization. Terribly reduced, major cultural clusters of that vast hemispheric civilization nevertheless survive." Columbus Quincentenary has been in the making since the 1970's, plans of hemispheric and global proportions laid. "An obscene amount of money will be lavished ... on parades, statues and festivals ... in cities with no connection to the original rub -a -dub-dub lurch across the sea in search of India and gold. Funny hats will be worn and new myths will be born. Little kids will be told big lies in the name of education," says Susan Shown Harjo, national coordinator of the 1992 Alliance, a coalition of Native groups. From this shore, reflections on the past 500 years center on a celebration of Indian survival and resistance to oppression. It's also an opportunity to "open the files" on Colurnbus and the aftermath of his arrival, and get at some hard truths. As author M. Scott Momaday says, 'The whole history of Indian/white relations from 1492 to the present is a large subject to get at, but is emanently worth thinking about. I would hope that (questions raised) would produce greater awareness of Native cultures, the importance of those cultures, and indeed the indispensable importance of them in the light of the twenty-first century." For Native cultures and all other cultures alike, there is an immediate opportunity to learn and to reach across the gap that has separated us throughout this half-millenium. We can take this anniversary time to review the history as well as the contemporary social conditions of American Indian people and go forward. 5•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council �1:::::::1::::::i:I:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::1::::::::::::I:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::1:1::::::::::::::::iiiiiii::::::::::::1:::::::::::::::::~:::~:::m1:::1ta:::::1•111.11111:::'ll1l•l111:::::I:I SEPARA TING THE MAN FROM THE MYTH He (Columbus) is either a slave-trading, bloodthirsty colonial pirate, or the personification of the virtues of capitalism and an inspiration for generations of entrepreneurs. ".. . No one knows the truth about Columbus. His story is a very complex history in and of itself. Too often, this history is posed as romantic myth, a id the uncomfortable facts about Columbus are eliminated." Susan Shown Harjo Western historians would weave a cocoon of mythology around the story of Columbus as had been done with countless other heroic figures, and would in time anoint the story as historical fact. Columbus' story is generally told as an adventure to find new routes to Asia , but the context of a quest which culminated generations of the development of a world market economy and the commercialism of militarism is largely ignored, it's implications unexplored. The danger of the Columbus myth goes beyond distortions about the European conquest of the Americas. The myth also prepares children to accept a winners' perspective and to ignore the views of less powerful groups. Textbook Crimes & Misdemeanors: Columbus is only the beginning A WORD OF CAUTION by Bill Dunlop We Indians all know what an ogre Columbus was. Yes, that's the description that fits him best. Any man who orders the hands cut off another man is an ogre, no doubt about it! That's the order he gave whenever an Indian didn't bring enough gold in. And when they ran and tried to hide, he had them hunted down with dogs. For sport, he pitted a monkey against a wild boar. But flrst he had the monkey's hands cut off, so he could not use them to fight off the boar. What I have told you here is not a fictional story, it is from the writings of fray Bartholome de las Casas, a priest who set sail with Columbus from Spain. Now a word to all who are advocating rethinking Columbus, a word of caution. We should not openly approach the American public without proper preparation. We should remember that saying Columbus was an ogre might be tantamount to saying John the Baptist was a sex pervert. You are bound to get a "knee-jerk" reaction. I myself was taken aback somewhat when I first read of the atrocities committed by Columbus. Remember that I, too, learned to recite: "In fourteen hundred ninety-two, Columbus sailed the ocean blue." We all learned these nice things about him in grade school. I had thought of him on the same level as Ben Franklin, Thomas Jefferson and Abraham Lincoln. Then to suddenly learn that he was more like Jack the Ripper and Count Dracula ... I also drew back and rejected this new definition of Christopher Columbus. Now, I'm in no way trying to discourage you in this movement to make more well known the real Columbus. I'm with you all the way. What I'm saying is, be prepared! Let people know that what you are telling them is not what Indians wrote, but what the men who were with Columbus said. 6°J"he Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council �TEXTBOOKS, TEACHERS, TRUTHS There was life here before 1492 -- although that period of our history is called "pre-history" in the European and American educational systems -- and there is life after 1992. WHAT NOT TO TEACH Don't talk about Indians as though they only belong to the past. A program entitled "How the Indians Lived" infers there are no Indians living today . Try to avoid the "Them/Us" syndrome. Don't lump all Native Americans together. Cultural history of different Indian groups varies widely. There is no such thing as a generic Indian program. Concentrate on the individual nations: Ottawa, Ojibway , Potawatomi, etc . Don't refer to Native American clothing worn by dancers as "costume." In historic settings or at contemporary pow wows the clothing was and is a functional part of the culture. In your general conversation, beware of negative stereotypical language. "They acted like a bunch of wild Indians," is insensitive. And never use the word "squaw" in reference to a female Indian. In very early history it became synonymous in meaning with whore. Don't reinforce the popular notion that a few brave Europeans defeated millions of Indian savages in battle. While there were many battles with victories on both sides, diseases introduced by the Europeans such as smallpox, measles and tuberculosis killed far more Native Americans than the Indian wars . Don't reinforce the popular notion that Indians were all "scalpers." Some tribes never took scalps . In a perverse twist of history , the French sometimes payed Indians for scalps of the English, or vice -versa . "Teachers need to respect the truth. What happens if I'm sitting in a classroom and teachers are telling me that Thomas Jefferson was one of the greatest men in the world, and I also know that he owned slaves , but they don't tell me that? What am I going to do when I'm told 'don't use or abuse drugs or alcohol'? Will I think there may be another side to that too? What else am I being told that isn 't true." Susan Shown Harjo Children's biographies of Christopher Columbus function as primers on racism and colonialism. They teach youngsters to accept the right of white people to rule over people of color, of powerful nations to dominate weaker nations. And because the Columbus myth is so pervasive , it inhibits children from developing democratic, multicultural , and anti-racist attitudes. "If I had five minutes to spend with students, one of the most important points I would make is that Indians are 500 different cultures in this country. We have different languages , different perspectives on life. And you can't be an Indian in a vacuum . You have to be a member of a tribe. And that tribe is a unique phonomenon with a specific social, political or economic order which makes it a particular culture. Comanches are different than Navajos, who are different than Cherokees ." La Donna Harris, president and executive director of Americans for Indian Opportunity 7•The Grand Rapids fnter-hibal Council �RETHINKING THE "DISCOVERY" by Kim Sawmick On October 12, 1992 many Americans will be celebrating the 500th year of Christopher Columbus' arrival. Many see it as a discovery, not acknowledging that there were people here who had inhabited the land for thousands of years (were they waiting to be discovered?). These people are still being discovered ~n archaeological digs, without respect for them as persons. Would this be tolerated if an aboriginal were to dig up the remains of a caucasian? I think not. This is probably why we cannot agree on language for a burial repatriation act which doesn't compromise Native American rights. Since this "discovery" we have seen the devastation of the people, the earth and the animals through disease. pollution. chemicals and other man-made methods of destruction, in the name of progress. In Michigan alone, there have been nine tribes identified as extinct: they are the Wyandotte (Huron), Mascouten, Ossawgees, Ouacheskesovck, Outaouakamigouk, Michilmackinacgoes, Odawagawmies, Manomenis and Nawdowaaseewog. It's hard to have a positive viewpoint, as a Native American, about the Columbus Quincentennial, but I guess we can if we look hard enough. If nothing else, it challenges us to think about positive solutions to make our world a better place to live in. We have a long road ahead of us, but it can't be any worse than what has already occurred. For now, we can pay respect to the extinct and surviving tribes and call for a healing of all aborignal people. On a longer term basis, we could start by recycling, getting involved in the political process by voting, and talking with your representatives to let our voices be heard on issues pertaining to us, respecting one another for a more unified approach, and learning more about our culture so we can be proud of who we are and why it is our inherent responsibility to address these issues. These are only a few things I can think of, but I'm sure you can add to this list. The main issue is to start doing something, because we already know what the problems are. Kim Sawmick is a prevention worker for GRITC and serves on the Michigan Commission on Indian Affairs, District 4 R•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council �IMAGES OF YESTERDAYS "I started to wonder why a movie such as Dances With Wolves became the major event of 1991 and why a movie such as Powwow Highway, which has become a cult classic in Indian country, has been virtually ignored by white America. The answer is that white America doesn't want to know about or even recognize modern-day Indians; it doesn't want to deal with the problems that the reservation system has created in the way of extreme poverty, hopelessness, created dependency, and alcohol and drug addiction that for many are the only way out of the concentration camp horror of their reserves or homelands (called reservations in America)." Jan Elliott, editor of Indigenous Thought "We have to stop thinking of our own historical importance as pre-history. Our history is as relavant now as then. We have to change this attitude of "sudden history" beginning when Columbus landed, but that it existed well before that. . . I think Indian people ourselves have to realize individually that we can't sell ourselves but we really should know ourselves as individuals, with knowledge of where we are coming from." Beverly Singer, freelance ti/maker "The tragedy of America's Indians - that is, the Indians that America loves, and loves to read about - is that they no longer exist, except in the pages of books. Rather, the modern Indians dress much the same as any other person, attend pretty much the same schools, work at many of the same jobs, and suffer racial discrimination in the same manner as do other racial minorities." Vine Deloria, in God Is Red BASIC KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE HISTORICAL SETTING AND EFFECTS OF COLUMBUS' VOYAGES: 1. Columbus did not discover the new world and, thus, initiate American History. 2. The real America Columbus encountered in 1492 was a different place from the precontact America portrayed in folklore, textbooks and the mass media. 3. Africa was very much a part of the social, economic, and political system of the Eastern Hemisphere in 1492. 4. The encounters of Native Americans, Africans and Europeans following 1492 are not stories of vigorous white actors confronting passive red and black spectators and victims. 5. As a result of forces emanating from 1492, Native Americans suffered catastrophic mortality rates. 6. Columbus' voyages were not just a European phenominon but, rather, were a facet of Europe's millennia-long history of interaction with Asia and Africa. 7. Although most examinations of the United States historical connections to the Eastern Hemisphere tend to focus on northwestern Europe, Spain and Portugal also had extensive effects on the Americas. National Council for the Social Studies. 9•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council �FINDING SOLUTIONS TOGETHER The American educational curriculum is almost bereft of information about Indians, making it difficult for young non-Indian Americans to understand or care about presentday Indian issues. Jerry Mander, in the Utne Reader LOOKING FORWARD WITH A BACKWARD GLANCE by Richard M. Sprague It is said that Europeans realized the newly-found continent had much to offer those willing to exploit the resources. Columbus started this with his report to the Crown in Spain, talking of the riches the land held. It continued with the rest of the seafaring nations of Europe. landing and laying claim to the vast territories of North and South America. Litlle consideration was given to those inhabitants of the islands and mainlands. Diplomatic measures were extended to native peoples only when necessary to do so for peace. Often, diplomacy was not used when it was possible to take the resources with little threat of major opposition. Methods used to acquire land in the Americas would lead to public outrage if committed in our modern world of media exposure. We can't change the history of the conquest of the Americas; but we can educate society to change the future for the betterment of all the descendants of the original inhabitants. And in so doing. help to shape a better future for all p eople in the world. We 've finally gotten most people to say it was an encounter, not a discovery . We 're trying to emphasize the contributions indigenous people have made not only to the Americas , but also to the world : the foods , the way of organizing the societies , the way of contributing to our view of the world , selfgovernment , and social and political organization . The responsibility of education always comes back on us. Ladonna Harris, Americans for Indian Opportunity IO•The Grand Rapids Inter -Tribal Council The voyage of Columbus is much too significant an event in human history for the nation's schools and colleges to ignore or to treat romantically or trivially. The most fitting and enduring way in which educators can participate in commemorating the quincentenary is to examine seriously the available scholarship to enhance our knowledge about 1492 and, in turn , to enhance the knowledge of our students. Specifically, educators should: help students comprehend the contemporary relavance of 1492 ; and provide students with basic accurate knowledge about Columbus' voyages, their historic setting , and unfolding effects. �COLUMBUS DAY by Jimmie Durham In school I was taught the names Columbus, Cortez, and Pizzaro and A dozen other filthy murderers. A bloodline all the way to General Miles, Daniel Boone and General Eisenhower. No one mentioned the names Of even a few of the victims. . But don't you remember Chaske, whose sprne Was crushed so quickly by Mr. Pizzaro's boot? What words did he cry into the dust? What was the familiar name Of that young girl who danced so gracefully That everyone in the village sang with her Before Cortez' sword hacked off her arms As she protested the burning of her sweetheart? That young man's name was Many Deeds, And he had been a leader of a band offighters Called the Redstick Hummingbirds, who slowed The march of Cortez' army with only a few Spears and stones which now lay still Jn the mountains and remember. Greenrock Woman was the name Of that old lady who walked right up And spat in Columbus' face. We Must remember that, and remember Laughing Otter the Tiano who tried to stop Columbus and was taken away as a slave. We 1zeJ1er saw him again. In school I learned of heroic discoveries Made by liars and crooks. The courage Of millions of sweet and true people Was not commemorated. /,et us then declare a holiday For ourselves, and make a parade that begins With Columbus' victims and continues Even to our grandchildren who will be named In their honor. Because isn't it true that even the summer Grass here in this land whispers those names, And every creek has accepted the responsibility Of singing those names? And nothing can stop The wind from howling those names around The corners of the school. Why else would the birds sing So much sweeter here than in other lands? ll•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council �TOWARD A HEALING FUTURE Native nations seem to keep bobbing up like felled trees, their deep roots intact. "I think if Indians exclude themselves from it (the celebration), that's a negative thing .. . Indians have much to celebrate. They have come to an interesting and crucial point in their history. They stand to teach the rest of the world that there's something good about celebration." M. Scott Momaday "Should we celebrate Columbus? I would say no, really why should we? But maybe in 1992, the Indian relatives from our area could get together. I know I would really like to know more about our Indian past, how we got along, all that. And about other Indian people. I would like to know more about all of them." Hernandez Cobas, Cuba OUR LAND, OUR LIFE Native Peoples Organize tor Justice in the Americas Amazon Amazonian Indians are protesting the damage caused by logging and mining companies and gold prospectors. They are demanding that international aid to the Amazon come with the strict condition that Indian organizations be involved in the programs. Cheyenne Native Action , a citizen 's organization in Northern Cheyenne, Montana, is opposing the Federal Government's largest coal sale in the history of the U.S., which includes a 100-mile tract of land in Wyoming, Montana and South Dakota. Cree/Inuit At James Bay in Canada, the Cree and Inuit are organizing against the construction of the single largest hydroelectric dam project in North America. Gwichin On the Artie National Wildlife Refuge in the Yukon , home to the caribou herd on which they rely, the Gwichin people are trying to stop oil development. Lakota The Native Resource Coalition of the Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota opposes a toxic waste dump and surface mining. Mohawk In protest to the extension of a golf course into ancestral lands in Oka, Quebec, Mohawks erected barricades over a bridge linking Montreal with its southern suburbs. During the nine-week impasse, the police and the Mohawk clashed violently. Ojibway The LaCourte Oreilles and other bands of Ojibways in Wisconsin oppose the construction of a copper and zinc mining facility which will devastate the local ecosystem. Wauju A traditional native people of the Brazilian rainforest, the Wauja are peacefully organizing to defend their land from ranchers and poachers . 12•The Grand Rapids inter-Tribal Council �I WON'T BE CELEBRATING COLUMBUS DAY "These societies must come to grips with the past, acknowledge responsibility for the present and do something about the future ... The United States could start by upholding it's treaty promises - as it is bound to do by the Constitution that calls treaties the "Supreme Law of the Land." Churches could start by dedicating money to the eradication of those diseases that native people still die from in such disproportionately high numbers - hepatitis, influenza, pneumonia, tuberculosis. Church and state could start defending our religious freedom and stop further destruction of our holy places. The general society could help more of our children grow into healthy adults just by eliminating dehumanizing images of Native people in popular culture . Stereotypes of us as sports mascots or names on leisure vans cannot be worth the low self-esteem they cause." Susan Shown Harjo Many of the quotes in this issue were taken from the publication RETmNKING COLUMBUS, a special issue of Rethinking Schools dedicated to the children of the Americas. Published by Rethinking Schools, Inc. in collaboration with the Network of Educators on Central America. Copies are available for $4 at the Michigan Indian Press, 45 Lexington NW, Grand Rapids, MI 49504. (616) 774-8331. CAR AVAILABLE Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council is accepting written bids on a 1985 Plymouth Turismo, with under 13,000 actual miles, two-door hatchback, manual transmission. $2,000 or best offer -- cash only. Bids accepted through October 15. Send bids to GRITC, 45 Lexington NW. Grand Rapids MI 49504. Native American Women's Group meets Monday Evenings 6-7 p.m. Support Group for Women to Enhance Self-Esteem Please join us in our path to healing. Contact Loretta Yount for more information at774-8331. 13•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council �NATIVE AMERICAN PARENT COMMITTEE (Title V: Native American Education Program) Meetings will be held the 2nd Wednesday of each month at 6:30 pm in the West Middle School Building, Native American Education Office (Room 241) , 615 Turner NW, Grand Rapids. Elected Officers for 1992-1993 Chairperson: Fran Compo Vice-Chairperson: Simon Francis Secretary: Laura Mulholland Treasurer: Madelyn Murray Sergeant-At-Arms: Debbie Gibbs All parents of Indian students , all Indian high school students , teachers, counselors and community members of the Grand Rapids Public School and Kent Intermediate School Districts are eligible and encouraged to participate and join other parents who are st riving to improve educational services for our An ishnabe students . For more information , call 771-3318 or 771-2129 . Let LEE's Do Your Cooking . .. LEE'S Famous Recipe Chicken THREE LOCATIONS: 950 Bridge NW, at Lane (774-9311) 2020 Eastern, SE (452-9311) 509 - 44th, SE (531-2611) 'S1L5Jf@) ISJl.5Jf@'SJ l5Jf®EJ /4 •The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Co uncil �VETERANS' POW WOW Set aside November 14 for the second Veterans' Pow Wow at the Ford Fieldhouse of Grand Rapids Community College. Details will be in November Turtle Talk. YOUNG EAGLES The Young Eagles program will be expanding to include grades K - 2nd, 3rd 6th, 7th - 9th and 10th - 12th, beginning October 6, 1992. If your young person would like to participate, please contact Darcy Emert or Kim Sawmick at GRITC (774-8331 ). SENATOR RIEGLE SEEKS TRIBAL RECOGNITION Washington, DC - Two Michigan Indian tribes may receive the federal recognition they seek because of legislation proposed by U.S. Senator Donald W. Riegle (D-Mich.) and Senator Carl Levin (D-Mich.). The tribes, the Little River Band of Ottawa Indians and the Little Traverse Bay Band of Odawa Indians, have been seeking federal recognition since 1935. "Both tribes have long and rich histories that extend well before the first Europeans entered the Great Lakes area," Riegel said. "These tribes have a strong case for seeking federal recognition through Congress and I support them." DANCE DEMONSTRATIONS St. Clair Shores, Mich. - The second Annual Dance Demonstration and Traders Show will be held at the Gibralter Trade Center on October 9, 10 & 11. American Indian foods will be served, quill basket demonstrations given, a fashion show and 50150 raffles are planned. ANISHNABE A.A. Everyone is welcome to our open Anishnabe A.A.meetings every Monday and Wednesday night from 6 - 7 pm in Room 2, Lexington School, 45 Lexington NW, Grand Rapids. For more information, call 7748331. CALL BOARD Anyone interested in assisting or participating in a theatre group, please contact Kim Sawmick at GRITC (774-8331 ). This is a new effort and will need the support of the community. What will be needed to make it a successful effort are: g director. playwrights. actors. costumers and stage crew. I look forward to hearing from you soon! RESUMES ACCEPTED Velting Contractors, Inc. of Grand Rapids is interested in receiving applications from experienced construction laborers. Work involves commercial site work, water, sanitary and storm pipe lines, and road building. Call Greg Forde, Dispatcher, for further information: 949-6660. NATIONAL ART EXHIBITION College Park, Maryland - RECOVERY FROM DISCOVERY: A NATIVE AMERICAN RESPONSE TO THE QUINCENTENARYwill be on display on the campus of the University of Maryland from October 6 through November 25. This exhibit is an open call for Native American artists throughout the nation to repond to the 500th anniversary of the encounter between Columbus and the "New World." For more information or entries, contact Nancy Meyer (301) 314-8493. 15•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council �J' (Pow wow EVENTS-AND TIMES-4th Annual Western Michigan University Pow Wow Kalamazoo, Michigan Minority Affairs (616) 387-3357, or Julie D'Artagnan (616) 349-5387. Great Lakes Artist Association Meeting Kalamazoo, Michigan 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. For more information call Candi Wesaw-Wilcox (616) 459-2125 . October 10th & 11th Rama's Annual Thanksgiving Pow Wow Rama, Ontario, Canada Chippewas of Rama First Nation's Reserv. Contact: George St. Germain (705) 325-3611 October 17th & 18th Nashville Pow Wow Mt. Juliet, Tennessee Contact: Barb Scott (317) 773-4233 . October 24th & 25th 4th Annual Traditional Pow Wow Todedo, Ohio Sponsored by American Indian Tribal Association . Call : (419) 249-2601 . October 3rd & 4th ' October 3rd I ~) Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council 45 Lexin g ton, NW , Grand Ra pid s, Mi chi ga n 49 504 Betty Libary Jones Grand Valley State College Allendale Ml. 49401 This news/el/er is funded in part hy United Way, Office of Suhslan ce Abuse Services , Community Menwl I lealth , and private donalions. fl I l111lrn W;iy flcwncy Non Profit Org . U.S. Postage PAID Permit No.690 Grand Rapids. Ml � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_turtle-talk_v21992-10 Title A name given to the resource Turtle Talk, Volume 2, October 1992 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1992-10 Description An account of the resource October 1992 (volume 2) issue of Turtle Talk by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Barber, Marcia (Editor) Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/28d832b888d90553c86444e104d947d6.pdf 985353dc25012a29700bb1a80696bcda PDF Text Text TurtlcrTalk Volume:) Number~ Gr;111d R;1pids Inter -Trih;II Cuunl'il Fehruar~ llJlJ5 ®0®®$W®®Q~®®®® ''HEALTHY NATIONS'' COMMlnEE FORMS A POWERFUL CIRCLE By Marcia E. Barber Many elements of our community came together January 5th at GRJTC to form a strong and powerful circle. Seventeen people from other social service organizations, from ·the clergy, from our public schools, our museum, and from our Anishnabe community attended the first HEALTHY NATIONS committee meeting. They were invited to participate in a unique community-wide collaboration to establish a working committee as part of GRITC's bid for a special grant from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (see January Turtle Talk). To open the gathering, Board president Bill Memberto smudged everyone with sage as they introduced themselves to the group, seated in a circle. Jeanette St. Claire offered a prayer in her native language. Bill's opening remarks began by saying that progress in dealing with native problems, as evidenced by this assembled group, is being made in our area. There is much reason for hope, but only if we first look back to unresolved issues. The question most asked is, why do Indians drink? Why do native people have serious problems with alcohol and substance abuse? The simple answer is that, with increasing European influence in their lives, Indians were not allowed to be Indian - to be who they are. In order to be acceptable to mainstream society, extraordinary pressures were put on Indians to transform themselves into "whites with dark skin." Toward this end, children were taken from their homes and families and sent off to residential boarding schools to be reeducated in white ways and manners. As Bill says, "The circle of family life was irreparably broken. Children couldn't learn from their older relatives as in the past; the generational chain was broken. It was either become part of the mainstream, or disintegrate." The self-actualization, which is a difficult process for any adolescent, was now made culturally impossible for native youth in the boarding schools. Emotionally punished by separating them from their loved ones, they often endured physical punishment for hanging on to a shred of their tribal identity - a bead, a feather, a word of native language. The children, of course, couldn't comprehend what they had done wrong to deserve this treatment. 11 But this is the 50lst year after the European encounter," says Bill, "and it is a year for building self-esteem and selfdetermination. We are part of a re-development of sacred processes around the country." This continued on page 4 �february1993 FROM THE DIRECTOR: The United Nations General Assembly and the World Bank have declared 1993 to be the International Year of the World's Indigenous People. These two organizations have pledged to push the protection of cultural minorities around the world. As we continue into the 501st year of Euro-centric domination, it is important to remember that Native people of our area have survived with much of their culture intact. The 'INDIANS HAVE SURVIVED' theme is important for our young people to understand as they confront and deal with the complexities of today's society. Native American youth have much lo be proud of concerning our heritage. Indian youth must be taught that their ancestors survived this land and in many cases withstood the relocation process that put some Michigan tribes on reservations in other states such as Kansas and Oklahoma. Indian youth must be taught that Indians in Michigan were able to survive the harshest of winters through sophisticated housing and clothing. Indian youth must be taught that our people toiled the land in order to survive by planting seeds and harvesting the fruits of their labor. The culture of Native Americans in the State of Michigan is rich and has contributed to society throughout the history of the state and nation. The point really is the truth concerning the American Indian people, not the distorted view that is presented to our youth as they encounter the educational system today which suggests that Indians needed the technology of Europeans in order to survive. Levi A. Rickert Executive Director FEBRUARY FIRST "Be an Encourager" Day: An encourager literally means 'one who fills the heart,' hence this is a special day to share heartfelt encouragement with family, friends and co-workers. 2•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council GRITC Board of Directors William Memberto - President John Hutchinson - Vice-President Andra Robinson - Treasurer Loretta Antoine - Secretary Members Roger Williams Jeanne Harding Mary Roberts Bill Dunlop GRITCSTAFF Adminislralion Levi A. Rickert - Executive Director Marcia L. Blacklidge - Human Services Director Jeff Justin - Accountant Chris Shomin - Accounting Clerk Human Seroices Hunter Genia Kristie Pagel Loretta Yount Kim Sawmick Carolyn Ogilvie-Cohen Michigan Indian Press Terry Bussey - Production Support Denise Skorka - Administration Clerk Susan Ives - Intake Facilitator Diane Leaureaux - Michigan Indian Press Bill Dunlop - Seniors Contacts Turtle Talk Marcia E. Barber - Editor Two eagles Marcus - layout Michael VanderWall - Graphics Advisor Turtle Talk' s mission is to provide its readership with reports of local and national interest and happenings that may directly or indirectly affect and impact our Indian community. Turtle Talk welcomes any comments or opinions from its readership. However, we will consider publishing only those letters which have a signed name and address. It should be noted that letters to the editors express the views of the writers and not necessarily the views of this newsletter or GR/TC. Deadline for submission is the first week of every month. Turtle Talk is published monthly by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council locatedat45 Lexington N.W., Grand Rapids, Michigan 49504, 61617748331, FAX 6161774-2810. �FEBRUARY: THE MONTH OF THE 1 FISH· RUNNING MOON' FEBRUARY BIRTHDAY GREETINGS Wanda Raphael Richard Lewis Yusheka Raphael Rebecca McDonald James Wilson Paul Rueckert Kristy Shananaquet Ben Shawa Wag Wheeler Julia Leaureaux Pine Shomin Lewis Abella, Jr. Percy Bird, Jr. Sheena Sotelo Kaine Shomin Gertrude Malmgren Shirley Bennett Jeremy Sawmick Andy Pigeon Archie Evans Ella High Lucille McSauby Henry Medawis James Mashka Mary Switzner Marcia Barber This is the season to pause and reflect, About cooperation and mutual respect; The great runs of salmon we have learned to expect, Deserve a future we must unite to protect. May the Great Spirit guide us all in the year to come. (Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission) NEWS BRIEFS More Native Americans Finish College The number of Native Americans who attend and finish college is up, according to a new report by the American Council on Education. The report says 103,000 Native Americans enrolled in college in 1990, 11%more than in 1988. Native Americans, however, still account for fewer than 1% of all college students. The report also noted that 53% of Native Americans enrolled in college leave after the first year. Potawatomis Donate $250,000 to Fund History Display The Forest County Potawatomi Community donated $250,000 to the Milwaukee Public Museum·for a North American Indian display which opened in September. The new display is part of a $1.5 million exhibit called "A Tribute To Survival." The display features a cast of Native American pow wow dancers and singers. The funds were made available from revenue generated by the tribe's gambling operations. Religious and Human Rights Communities Form AllianceTo Defend Religious Freedom Traditional Native Spiritual leaders, non-Indian clergy and human rights leaders announced the creation last October of a historic coalition to defend the right of Native Americans to practice their religion and to protect the cultural survival of Indians in the United States. The coalition will push Congress to strengthen the 1978 American Indian Religious Freedom Act. The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal CounciI•3 �CONTINUED FROM PAGE ONE- committee now comes together as an educational process, and also as a community effort. We all expressed our appreciation of the effort and commitment of the committee members and their interest in the needs of Native Americans today. Next, Marcia Blacklidge described the work of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation addressing major health issues in the United States. Their studies showed unprecedented high risk statistics among Native Americans, and they therefore targeted this group for special funding, especially the fight against substance abuse. Under the theme, "IT TAKES A COMMUNITY TO RAISE A CHILD," Marcia described the three-part program outline as a guideline for the committee to build on and hopefully add to. The timing of the grant funding involves a two-year planning process followed by a four-year implementation of programs. "Walking in Two Worlds" is the theme for the first section of the plan, which is centered on a mentoring program. After a year's mentor training, planned activities for the pairs may include weekend camps, vision quests, Indian naming ceremonies, clan sytems, geneology charts, language, and multi-cultural coping skills. "Dream Catchers" is a cultural resource group covering storytelling, drumming, singing and dancing. And "Three Fires: Lighting the Circle of Wisdom," targets development of multi-media school presentations to incorporate Michigan Indian history, treaty information , videos, college prep. camps, and working with the Public Museum of Grand Rapids. In closing, Marcia gave the committee an assignment: they are each to think about significant persons who influenced them strongly (positively or negatively) during their adolescence. She reminded everyone, "We must learn where we came from to know who we are and where we are going. We must be comfortable 'walking in two worlds' 4•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council and taking our heritage with us in our daily lives." Good comments came from the group members: mentors should cross cultural and gender lines; the committee should be 'nominal,' fair and equitable, totally non-judgemental, and confidential; we need to reach beyond the schools to catch needy youth; and more. Dr. Irv Berkowitz, of Grand Valley State University's School of Social Work, defined for us the process of collaboration vs. coordination when working with such a diverse group as ours. We will bring together members from many fields to operate in a totally different way than we normally do in our individual organizations. Next, we presented "Healing the Hurts," a video film which follows a group of native people who had been in residential boarding schools through a series of healing sessions. The film takes a hard look at the after-effects on these people of having had their heritage taken away from them during the government's years of attempting to assimilate natives into mainstream society. The policy of removing children from their homes in effect produced a generation of people who despised themselves. This program says that healing is a lifelong process, not an event, and that we are the only ones who can heal ourselves. The boarding schools stopped that healing process from continuing. Ironically, the American boarding schools were patterned after the British boarding school system, which took young men from their families at an early age to prepare them for the monarchy or the peerage. There was little love in these schools, only hazing, humiliation and torment. For �Indian children, raised with great love and devo- now believe that the after-effects of this situation tion in large, nurturing family groups, the wrench may be at the root of many Native American of separation was even worse. problems today. The video was powerful, and everyone was affected. The purpose of the schools was to erase all At the end of the video, Marcia offered "Indian" behavior from the children; but we tobacco ties to each of the members, symbolizing cannot separate behavior from the person. The their commitment to the program. The Healthy purpose of the healing sessions is to recover Nations Committees meets twice in January and energy and power while getting rid of anger and twice in February before the grant proposal is resentments. Committee members who may submitted. never have given this aspect of history a thought, Marcia Blacklidge and Loretta Yount prepare food for the Holiday potluck. ANISHNABE LANGUAGE: ANISH-NA-BEM-DA This month: Ottawa/Odawa Greetings Boo-zhoo - Hello (with a handshake) Ah-neen - How are you? Anish-na-gigee - How are you doing? The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council•5 �"' WHAT 15 PREVENTION? Prevention is a fundamental component of a thorough response to these problems, and consists of activities which will keep alcohol and other drug problems from occurring. Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council's programs are centered around prevention activities, services and information. What exactly do we mean by prevention? Certain approaches have been demonstrated and are accepted as hallmarks of positive, effective prevention efforts. These include: • providing relevant factual information; Good health, including physical, emotional, social, and spiritual well-being, is important for a satisfying and productive life as well as preventing substance abuse. Each of the following is necessary for positive health for people of all ages: • meeting the social or psychological needs of people; • reducing feelings that "It can't happen to me;" • improving life skills; • a positive relationship with oneself, evidenced in a sense of being worthwhile, and of being capable; • addressing beliefs about alcohol and other drug use; • positive relationships and a sense of bonding with family, peers, and the community; • helping people cope with emotions. • a sense of hopefulness about the future; • awareness and relevant knowledge of health risks. The abuse of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs, or any use by youth, is a major threat to health. It is also related to, and a possible indication of, other serious problems such as violence, child abuse and criminal behavior. Because of the frequency, seriousness, complexity, and social nature of alcohol and other drug problems, these are problems that affect the community as a whole. The community in every aspect and at every level, including its institutions, has a stake in and responsibility for addressing these problems. 6•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council • addressing early anti-social behavior; Comprehensive, community-wide prevention also includes consistent programming and messages which come from, and are directed to, groups and individuals in all aspects of the community: • prevention involves families of all farms, parents, and other role models, parent groups, other volunteer community groups, civic and social organizations, peers and peer groups; • all "systems" and sources, in all settings, including religious institutions, media, entertainment, business and labor, human/health/social service organizations, education, law enforcement, and government; • individuals outside schools, clinics, and other formal settings. �Finally, an effective prevention act1v1ty incorporates as many of the following content elements as possible: • empowerment of all individuals to undertake positive behavior; • accurate, relevant information on specific substances at issue; • awareness of and training in appropriate prevention skills, such as communication, parenting, assertiveness, resistance, social competence, and healthy coping; • use of multiple approaches, techniques, presenters and materials; • encouragement and development of social norms which promote safe, healthy behavior; • appropriate role modeling peers, parents, authorities, high profile individuals. (adaptedfrom the Prevention Network Board, 1991) SING OUT! Bronson Peshlakai has a soft speaking voice, but a strong, beautiful voice for song. He is a member of the Boys Choir of Grand Hapids, an affiliate of the Royal School of Church Music in Croyden, England. A junior at Grand Rapids Christian High School where he is a member of the a Capella choir, Bronson Bronson Peshlakai (third from the right side) with the Boys Choir of Grand Rapids. practices with the Boys Choir every Monday night from 5:30 to 9:00 pm. He In addition to the formal concert series, the also plays piano and organ with his church Choir performs at churches, nursing homes, service choir, and plays the saxophone. and social clubs. Bronson recently toured with the Choir to Toronto, and this year they will be playing Like the cathedral choirs of Europe, his concert dates around Michigan. He once directed choir includes both men and boys. The men of his school choir when the director was away, and the choir sing three parts (bass, tenor, alto), thinks he might like to try conducting and arranging while the boys sing the treble line. By the time at a future date. A member of the Navajo tribe, he a boy becomes a chorister in the Performing moved here in 1985, and it was in Grand Rapids that Choir, he has received 120 hours of training in he was introduced to the fine arts. At home, he voice and music theory in the Preparatory Class. listens to rock music "Or any good music, except A typical Choir boy is 8-13 years old, can sight country," he says. Also at home are two sisters (one read music and sing in French, German, Italian at college) and a kitten named Sylvester. and Latin. In one season, the Choir will develop -MEE a repertoire of approximately 60 musical pieces in the English Cathedral tradition. The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council• 7 �MICHIGAN INDIAN EMPLOYMENT & TRAINING SERVICES, INC. M.l.E. T.S SERVICES The Michigan Indian Employment Training Services is available every Tuesday and Thursday between 10 am and 2 pm, room 2 of the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Center, 45 Lexington NW, Grand Rapids. Rita Blumke and Larry Romanelli are intake specialists. SAVINGS DOUBLE SAVINGS Save your cash register tapes from D & W and Meijer to help support special programs at GI~ITC. Also save the labels from Spartan brand products (with the UPC code showing). You'll save money shopping, and make money for GRITC at the same time! Bring in tapes and labels, or send them to Chris Shomin at GRITC. Thanks for your help. MICHIGAN EDUCATION ASSOCIATION NATIVE AMERICAN CRITICAL ISSUES CONFERENCE With the theme: Reflections of the Past, Focus on the Future, the 1993 Conference will be held February 25-27 at the hotel Radisson on the Lake, Ypsilanti, Michigan. Keynote Speakers are Bea Shawanda , internationally known lecturer currently living and working in Leth bridge, Alberta, Canada; and Donald Fixico, from Oklahoma, is currently a professor of history at Western Michigan University. NEW GRITC BOARD MEMBER We welcome Rita Blumke to the Board of Directors of Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council. Ri'a is an intake specialist with the Michigan Indian Employment Training Service of Grand Rapids. Region Ill 2 Fountain Place 60 N. Division Grand Rapids, Ml 49503 ACTIVITIES &SERVICES Career Guidance: A para-professional counseling service to help applicants assume responsibility for making career plans and decisions. Job Referral: Qualified applicants are referred to employment after they have demonstrated they possess the required skills or abilities to do the job. Classroom Training: Assistance is provided in obtaining a GED or high school diploma. Work Experience: A short-term employment program for adults and youth over 14 years to develop basic working skills and provide job training in specific areas. Call: (616) 451-1920 Let LEE's Do Your Cooking ... •• , .. ~ fam THREE LOCATIONS: 950 Bridge NW, at Lane (774-9311) 2020 Eastern, SE (452·9311) 509 · 44th, SE (531·2611) The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council• 9 �stable life. We will be meeting for a Board and administrative staff retreat that will help us set the tone for the year 1993, or "501." It is time for us to begin and By Bill Memberto It was a very interesting year, what with the attention paid to the fact that last year was the sooth anniversary of the arrival of Chris Columbus in America. I believe many Native American groups across the country effectively addressed this myth of discovery, including our Council. I do, however, believe that we did not spend enough time focusing on what we are going to do for the next 500 years to overcome these many years of cultural genocide. Seems at times we focus so much on the past that our vision for the future is weakened. That may be what has happened to some extent here at GRITC. I believe the Board of Directors and the administrative staff here at the Council have an obligation to focus on the future. This is not to say that we ignore the history of anything that has happened, but we really need to move on with the responsibilities that we have in this community. This includes a restructuring process that will insure the accountability in both the fiscal and program areas. As most of you know, we have been hurt very deeply as an organization because of our lack of accountability in both of these areas. Certainly there are those who want to focus on taking some action toward those who may have wronged the community and the Council. I assure you that if indeed this Board finds there are activities which warrant further investigation in a legal process, that action will be taken. However, at this time we have no reason to pursue that direction. This is not to say that we are satisfied with what has taken place here at the Council in the past, regarding the overall management, because we were not at all satisfied with the condition we were left with. During our last Board of Directors meeting, we discussed in length ways that we may be able to dig ourselves out of the negative situations we are in here. We have made a commitment to develop an agenda for this next year, and to begin the process of long term planning that has the hope of returning the Council and the community to a more healthy and maintain a planning process that has its roots in our traditions - long term planning. Many tribes, including the Three Fires people, made plans and decisions that were based upon the impact that it would have on our grandchildren seven generations from the planning time. This is how they insured a balance in their lives as well as the lives of those that would come after them. It is time for us to return to the strengths of our culture and to throw off the myths and the stereotypes that many would like us to keep operating under so that we would remain powerless over our own future. This year we will begin a different process. . . one that will hopefully, over time, lift this yoke we carry from the past. In closing, I would like towelcome Ms. Rita Blumke to the Board of Directors. I look forward to working with her over the next year on many of the tasks that we must undertake. Rita, thanks for caring enough to get involved. Remember, you too can be a volunteer here at the Council, serve on committees or help in many other ways. Call and ask (774-8331). If no one gets back to you in a reasonable amount of time, call me and I will find something for you to do to help out. Have a good year everyone! 8•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council �ANISHNABE A.A. MEETINGS Regular open Alcoholics Anonymous meetings will be held Mondays and Wednesdays from 6-7 pm in room 2, Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Center. Everyone is welcome to share in the fellowship. ARTISTS OPPORTUNITIES Intergenerational Child Care Native American artists and illustrators are needed to work on various projects for the Michigan Indian Press. Along with books and pamphlets, the Press plans to produce greeting cards and calendars in the upcoming year. Please submit your name, address and phone number, along with a current resume and at least three samples of your work (preferably in slide form) to: ARTISTS, c/o Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council, 45 Lexington NW, Grand Rapids MI 49504. ote: Federal law requires that artists provide proof of their blood quantum to sell merchandise as authentic Native American. Children 6 weeks to school age have the opportunity to develop spec/al friendships with Seniors. NEW YOUNG EAGLES? It's not too late for your young person to participate in the Young Eagles program at Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal. We are especially hoping for more young people in grades 7-12. Culturallybased activities for all age groups are offered. Grades 3rd through 6th meet Mondays from 6-8 pm; grades Kindergarten through 2nd meet Tuesdays from 6-7 pm; grades 7th - 12th meet Wednesdays from 6-8 pm. LEARN BEADWORK AND OTHER NATIVE ART Join others here at GRITC on Thursday, February 11 from 6 - 8:30 pm. Local artist Anita Smith will lead the group in creating beadwork rosettes and fringed shawls, among other projects (materials list available). For more information, call 774-8331. 1O•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council COMMUNITY POTLUCK The Community Potluck this month is Tuesday, February 9 at 6:00 pm at GRITC. Please bring a dish to pass. • ·---------------· : rn~ ummm : I I I I I I 15% DISCOUNT WITH THIS AD! 6501 South Division Grand Rapids, Michigan 49548 Phone: (616) 281-3640 • Indian Jewelry • Indian Moccasins • • Custom Jewelry • Silver Repairs • I I I I I I ·---------------· �GIFT GIVING MADE EASY GRITC sweatshirts and tee-shirts and baseball caps make great gifts for friends and relatives, or for yourself! Call us for colors, sizes and prices (774-8331) MUSKEGON COUNTY CANCER SCREENING The Muskegon County Health Department announces a new cancer screening program, offering affordable exams for breast and cervical cancer, including pap smears and mammograms. For more information, call (616) 724-1286. HEARTSIDE OUTREACH Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council sends staff to the Heartside area of downtown Grand Rapids as part of our outreach efforts to help those who cannot come to the Council offices. Hunter Genia dishes out food at God's Kitchen every Thursday afternoon; Loretta Yount conducts casemanagement from Casey's Restaurant; and Lew Burrows counsels in the Herkimer Hotel on Saturdays. Feel free to contact the Council for more information (774-8331). ~® TORTLE TALK SOBSCRIPTIO"S We are striving to make Turtle Talk more self-supporting, and we need your help. We would like to ask for subscription contributions to those of you who receive Turtle Talk regularly. The base subscription for one year of Turtle Tallz is $5 (Bronze), additional contributions of $10 (Silver) or $15 (Gold) are greatly appreciated. Your contributions will help develop Turtle Talk into a bigger and better source of information and entertainment for our Anishnabe community. Thanks for your help. ADVERTISE I" TORTLE TALK Our newslener reaches hundreds of Native Americans in a sevencounty area surrounding Grand Rapids. In addition, we are read by other Indian agencies and organizations around the country. Our special low rates make this an advertising opportunity you won't often find. Advertising Rates Full Page: $100/month Half Page: $50/month Quarter Page: $25/month Business Card: $15/month A 5% discount is offered for a one-year contract, pre-paid. We can also offer graphics assistance in design and layout. Call the office at 774-8331. CULTURAL DIALOG CONFERENCE Agathering of artists, art administrators, and cultural workers from African American, Asian American, Latino and Native American communities will meet in April in Milwaukee, Wisconsin to explore issues of advocacy, funding equity, art and its relationship to social change, and global unity. Travel scholarships available. Call Conference Coordinator Davida Adedjouma at (612) 341-0755. SENIORS' LUNCH The monthly luncheon for seniors is Wednesday, February 10, downstairs at the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Center. VOLO"TEERS "EEDED Every month, the Turtle Talk staff needs volunteers to help fold, staple, label and mail out the newsletter. You will find fresh coffee and cookies, as well as our special thanks for your help. Please call Diane Leaureaux at 774-8331 Lo volunteer. New Subscribers/Supporters: Roderick Crampton Diana Irish Frank Murphy David Conrad D. HoogensLyn, Jr. Larry Romanelli Ron & Sue Barz Dr. Peter Birkeland Thank you to Karl Lowenberg of the Print Station for help with photos for Turtle Talk. The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council• 11 �February is National Human Relations Month: a month to promote race awareness and an appreciati ~n for cultural, religious, and ethnic diversity. II is also American Hearl Month. FEBRUARY POW WOW DATES February 5, 6 & 7 American Indian Center Winter Pow Wow Holiday Inn O'Hare/ Rosemont Chicago, IL. (312) 275-5871 February 13, 14 Mid-Winter Pow Wow Great Lakes Area Family Bay De Noc Community College U.S. 41-North, Escanaba, MI. Call Wally Blanc (906) 428-9373. February 19-21 Mid-Winter Pow Wow Northern Michigan Univ. Marquette, MI. (9o6) 249-3153 February 27-28 NAISO's 12th Annual MSUPowWow Jenison Fieldhouse, Michigan State Univ., East Lansing (517) 353-5255 FEBRUARY GRITC DATES February 1, 8, 15 & 22 A.A. Open Meetings GRITC February 9 Healthy Nations Committee Mtg. GRITC (5:30 - 7:30 pm) February 9 Community Potluck GRITC (downstairs, February 10 Seniors Luncheon GRITC (downstairs, 12 noon) February 11 Nalive Arts Class GR ITC February 23 Healthy Nations Committee Mtg. GR!TC (5:30 - 7:30 pm) February 24 GRITC Board Meeting Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council 45 Lexington, NW, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49504 6 pm) Non Profit Org. U.S. Postage PAID Permit No.690 Grand Rapids, Ml Library Grand Valley State Univ. Allendale Ml 49401 This newsletter is funded in parl by United Way, Office of Substance Abuse Services, Community Mental Health , and private donations. A Service of e u~ia.edway � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_turtle-talk_v31993-02 Title A name given to the resource Turtle Talk, Volume 3, February 1993 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1993-02 Description An account of the resource February 1993 (volume 3) issue of Turtle Talk by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Barber, Marcia (Editor) Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/eaf8f016ecb41d987f6db41796f85d14.pdf f4455497f16b686d2057f01bdd2e1e75 PDF Text Text TurtleTalk Volume 5 Nu111hc·r 5 Gr.ind R1pid-, Inter -Trih.il C llllll'il THE INDIAN FOREST by Sandy Smith, age 11 Once there was an Indian in the forest. And then he heard a crackling behind him. He turned around quickly - he saw . nothing, so he kept walking. And when he got into the forest, he told the Chief that someone, or something was following him. So the Chief sent some other Indians to find out what it was. Then when they went in to the woods, they saw a herd of buffalo, so one called Strikes said, "TaTonka, TaTonka!" So they ran to the Chief, who was called Fujo, and told him. So they all hopped on their horses and took their bows and went farther down in the forest, and Fujo said, "Get those TaTonkas." So they shot them with bows, and they took the skins and ate the meat. ~1arch 199~ They had a big feast and danced all night long, with the fire flaming high. They were all happy. The next day, they got up, and Strikes was sent to see if there were any buffalo left. But when Strikes got there white fighters were there, so he rode as fast as he could to tell Chief Fujo. · Fujo told everyone to pack and get ready to move the village far away. The next day, they had to load everything and leave the forest. Everyone was upset. When they got to the new village far away from the other one, they started to unpack. They made it look very beautiful. By the time it was done it was night, so they went to sleep. The next morning it was very beautiful as it had snowed and the ground was covered in a blanket of white. All the children and adults had to go and get the buffalo skins they had shot in the summer. So they lived happily, but they were not as happy as they were in the forest. Ed. Note: Our cover story this month is a collection of writings by the Young Eagles, grades 3-6. continued on page 4 �March FROM THE DIRECTOR: G rand Valley State University and the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council are co-hosting the Michigan Commission on Indian Affairs meeting which will be held at Grand Valley State University's 1993 GRITC Board of Directors William Mernberto - President John Hutchinson - Vice-President Andra Robinson - Treasurer Loretta Antoine - Secretary Members Roger Williams Jeanne Harding Mary Roberts Bill Dunlop Rita Blwnke Eberhard Center at 301 W Fulton (parking in the south parking lot). The meeting will be held from 9:00 am - 4:00 pm on Friday, GRITCSTAFF March 12, 1993. Lunch will be served at GRITC, 45 Lexington, at Administration Levi A. Rickert - Executive Director Marcia L. Blacklidge - Human Services Director Jeff Justin - Accountant Chris Shomin - Accounting Clerk noon. Please plan to attend this meeting and you are encouraged to make comments about issues you feel are important to the Indian people of Western Michigan. The Young Eagles group has grown in numbers so that it became necessary to break the group into three sub-groups which meet on three different evenings (Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday). The Human Services Hunter Genia Kristie Pagel Loretta Yount Carolyn Ogilvie-Cohen Lew Burrows Council is excited about the volunteer parents who give of their time to help with the groups. Call Hunter Genia if you have children who want to become Young Eagles. Volunteers are needed to help with the "Homecoming of the Three Fires" Pow wow which will be held on June 12 and 13 at Riverside Park in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Last year it was estimated that 20,000 attended the two-day event. Large numbers Support Denise Skorka - Administration Clerk Susan Ives - Intake Facilitator Diane Leaureaux - Administration Bill Dunlop - Seniors Contacts Turtle Talk Marcia E. Barber - Editor Two eagles Marcus - Layout Michael VanderWall - Graphics Advisor of volunteers are needed to help assist the Council (see related article) before and during this event. Loretta Antione, board member, is chairing the pow W!.!._W committee this year again. Special thanks go out to the members of the Healthy Nations Grant Committee who so generously gave of their time during January and February to assist the staff in writing a grant request to the l~obert Wood Johnson Foundation. The Men's Group has been meeting on the third Wednesday each month. The purpose of the group is for American Indian men to deal with issues that men confront on an ongoing basis. All men are encouraged to attend. Levi A. Rickert Executive Director 2-The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Turtle Talk' s mission is to provide its readership with reports of local and national interest and happenings that may directly or indirectly affect and impact our Indian community. Turtle Talk welcomes any comments or opinions from its readership. However, we will consider publishing only those letters which have a signed name and address. It should be noted that letters to the editors express the views of the writers and not necessarily the views of this newsletter or GR/TC. Deadline for submission is the first week of every month. Turtle Talk is published monthly by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council located at 45 Lexington N.W., Grand Rapids, Michigan 49504, 61617748331, FAX 6161774-2810. �PfiSSlfiGS MARCH BIRTHDAY GREETINGS 312 jimmey Wesaw 3/4 Amanda Abella Jonnie Mackey 3/5 Henry Mark (Muck Man) 3/6 Norman Pigeon 3/7 Tammy Leaureaux Linda Shomin Jo Shomin 3/9 James Wesaw 3/11 Julius Lewis 3/12 Elsie Raphael 3/13 Tina Sams Pat Pigeon 3/18 Steve Wankazoo Kyle McSauby 3/19 Lance Shirley 3/21 Joe john 3123 Destry Contreras 3126 Bret Shomin 3/27 Big Will 3/29 Cherri Gibbs 3/30 Wanda Wesaw 3/31 Daisey Sprauge Tawas Thomas · Gary Shawa Darcy Emert Ed Gillis Al Recollect Paul Marrison Mary Anne Fasberg Charles V. Allman George Shomin HOMER A. McSAWBY (1932 • 1993) Homer Anthony McSawby, aged 60, of Suttons Bay, passed away January 22 in Traverse City. A lifelong Michigan resident, he worked as a steeplejack and truck driver. He was a member of Kateri Tekakwitha Catholic Church and Cherryland VFW Post No. 2780. A veteran of the Korean war, he served in both the Army and Air Force, receiving the United Nations Service Medal and the Korean Presidential Unit Citation. His sister, Mary Roberts, serves on our Board of Directors and is its Past President. CLARENCE PATRICK KOSEQUAT (1925·1993) Clarence Patrick Kosequat, aged 67, of Harbor Springs, passed away January 27 in Grand Rapids. Born in Good Hart, he was raised in Harbor Springs where he was a member of the Holy Childhood Catholic Church. He was a veteran of World War II, serving with the US Marine Corps in the Pacific, where he was an aircraft mechanic. His sister, Jeanette St. Clair, also serves on our Board of Directors. HENRY (HANK) SPRAGUE, JR. (1928·1993) Henry Sprague, aged 65, of Grand Rapids, passed away February 5. He is survived by his wife Daisy (Medawis); a daughter Pamela Shrubbe; stepson Terry (Ruth) Chivis; four grandchildren, Erica, Andrew, Otetwin Shrubbe and Monee Chivis; three sisters, Anna (Alex) Chlebana, Margaret (Ed) Sipkema, Ardis (Dale) Badger; three brothers, Rev. Joseph Sprague, Roger (Rita) Sprague, D.K. Sprague; many nieces and nephews; and a host of friends. Internment Bradley Indian Cemetery. GR/TC extends sympathy from staff and Board to the members of all families. fiEW BEGlfifilfiGS ANTHONY HUNTER GENIA was born Friday, February 5 at 9:52 a.m. to Amy Popma and Hunter Genia. Anthony weighed in at six pounds, six ounces and was 19 inches at birth. Best wishes and good luck to the new family. MARCH IS Moon when the buffalo cows drop their calves (Sioux) Little frog moon (Omaha) Moon when the leaves break forth (Tewa Pueblo) Strawberry moon (Cherokee) Water stands in the ponds moon (Ponca) March is National Nutrition Month: To educate consumers about the importance of good nutrition by providing the latest practical information on how simple it can be to eat healthfully. Topics of interest include tips on cholesterol and fat reduction in diet, how to read food labels, and grocery shopping. The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council•3 �ANISHNABE ANISHNABE MEANS INDIAN. OH GREAT SPIRIT, WHOSE VOICE DO I HEAR IN THE WIND? LlnLE BEAR His father let him fish as long as he wanted to fish. Sometimes he would help his mother carry baskets of sweet grass, and help to start the fire to burn Once upon a time there was a little Indian, and they wood. called him Little Bear. One day, his father came home with a whole His mom's name was Sheena, and she worked buffalo. Little Bear was so happy he jumped out of in the plains making pottery for her home. his teepee, and he ate alot of buffalo soup. She traded some, too. The next night he ate fish. Little Bear worked hard with his bow and arrow, his father taught him how to When he got up the next morning he saw a horse hunt. standing outside his teepee. just a couple more days and he could He jumped with joy: "Now I have a · ----- --------~-- horse!" go fishing. He loved to fish. by Sara Krupp (age 9) WHY THE DEER RUN WITH THEIR TAIL UP by John Recollet (age lJ) 4•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Of? Ce �NOTTAWASEPPI HURON POTAWATOMI TRIBAL ROLL The names on this list are members of the Nouawaseppi Huron Potawatomi Band. These names are being submiued lo the Bureau of Acknowledge and Research in Washington, DC, to complete our Federal Recognition Process. All people on this list are at least 1/4 Huron Potawatomi by blood quontum. Anyone no longer claiming to be a member of the Huron Potawatomi Nottawaseppi must submit a certified letter postmarked no later than March 31, 19')3, requesting the removal of their name from the list An additional list of names will be submiued after this membership ratifies a proposed Constitutional change (amendment) in April, 19')3. This list will include members who are 1/4 Indian blood quantum or more and can trace their ancesliy on the 1904 Taggart Roll. HURON POTA WA1DMI, INC., . Pine Creek Indian Reservation, 2221 - 1-12 Mile Road, Fulton,MI 49052 Hillman Helen Pigeon Jennie C. Pigeon Norman A. Pigeon Steven C Pigeon Woodrow A. Sahr Sharon A./Wright Sprauge Allen F. Pigeon Mary F. Williams Melody F. Winchester Mary A. WhitePigeon le;ter). Mandoka Leon ). Mandoka Ra;eann Marshall Laura L Simpkin Virginia Smith Henry W. Smith John A. Pigeon John E. Pigeon Andn:w D. Pigeon Cindy S. Pigeon Edmund Hayes Pamela K. J(jJgore Dwight E. J(jJgore Margaret Mandoka Andrea N. Mandoka Beverly K. Mandoka Denise L. Mandoka Grace H Mandoka Homer Jr. Mandoka Homer Austin Mandokajamie H. Quihuis Jewell Snyder Ju lie S. Tale Darlene Taylor Douglas Taylor Jooeph E. Wagner Colleen Rae Bc>e Kimberly Fisher Linda D. Harris Vonda J. Medawis Manhew A. Medawis Merri Louis Medawis Stephen A. Pamp Balaam). Pamp Betsy Lynn Pamp EliZ>bcth R. Brown Mary E./Pamp Pamp Matthew J. Pegp Yvonne/Bush Pfeiffer Karen Prancisco Angeline Gilbert Cynthia L Grisby Mary K. Hc>liday AnnaMarie Hc>liday Gilbert Jr. Holliday John Leith JoEllen Lewis Luella Lewis Morris Jr Mark Henry F. Sickal Phoebe Stuck Paula M. Church Mary B. Hall Phoebe Barker Carol Butdier Marianne Chisholm Madonna Drake Bonneiti Drake Mary Fox Velma Strunk Joanna J. Watson Frank Watson John L. Jr. Watson Wanetta M. Sullivan Morris Collyer Ronald D. Kerr Donis A. Pamp Alta Mae Schmucker Brenda Peters JoAnne Pap ma Albena). Presley Ann J Sprague Scou 0. Wells Alberta), Wells Elizabeth K. Hines Romona S. Homan Nellie E. Lew~ Mitchell Lumbert Winona Mackety David M. Mackety Hazel Mackety James Mackety Paul W. Mackety Thomas B. Mayo Leah L. Nahgahgwon Marian L Noonan Jaanet./Sprauge Pamp Adrenne Pamp Jeri Louise Foerster Mellisa D. Foester Philip E. Foester Thomas B. Fuller Danie Fuller Iva Joy Fuller Tina Marie Guess Lynne I. Jenkins Evelyn R. Manin Mary .E./Mackcty Wesaw Thomas Nelson Jr. Wesley Irene/Day Wesley Jooeph G. Jr. Cole Rachel Edwards Michale A. Eggleston Doreen L. Eggleston Doris May Eggleston Iva Joy English Shirley/Simmons Foerster Anthony Wesa w Charles L. Wesaw David F. Wesaw EliZ>bcth Wesaw Janel Wesaw John Levi Jr. Wesaw Lois Wesaw Lorett.a Wesaw Mariam Wesaw Martin Wesaw Rhionon Pratt Jacqueline Ann Sample Deloris J. Sample Jessica Smit Nancy A./Bush Sprague Ronald D. Stinger Katherine M. Terpening Pauline Townsend Mary Wesaw Andrea). Wesaw Beverly Mandoka Paul Mandoka Renee Mandoka Sten Ray Medawis Anna Marie Medawis Henry A. Jr. Medawis Sherri L. Medawis Toni A./Fooler Marseau Cheryl C. Mueller Debra K. Nugent Gwynncth Spurr Laura A. Joslyn Mary M. Keith Paula/Day Krabill Anita D./Day Mandoka Arnold Mandoka Deborah J. Mandoka Edward Mandoka Gary Mandoka M./Medawis Mandoka Michael A. Bush Richard L Sr. Chivis John L Jr. Chivis Robert Chivis Ronald). Davis Gladys/Chivis David Rhonda J. /Wesaw Day Arnao Jr. Day Cecil Neil Day Sarah Day William K. Bush Andrea N. Bush Cornelius Jr. Bush Brystal R. Bush Daniel L. Bush Frank Jr. Bush Gordon D. Bush Henry F. Bush Kenneth). !lush Lisa K. !lush Richard L Jr. Collyer Perry S. Collyer Tina M. Brauillet RjMandoka Sprauge Matthew Sprauge Paul P. Jr. Sprauge Randall L. Sprauge Richard C. Anewishki Virginia Anewishki Larry L. Brown Jamie E. Collyer Alden ). Collyer Donald E. Jr Collyer Gary.Sr. Shomin Linda./Sprauge Sprauge Alben Sprauge Carl M. Sprauge Daisy/Medawis Sprauge George Sprauge Henry S. Sprauge Herman Sprauge Jacob N. Sprauge Joopeh Jr. Sprague Louise Chivis Fred S. Chivis Mon-ee L Harris Bonita L. Chivis Rith Ann/Bailey Walker Richard H. Faught Eliza Anderson Carey Anderson Charles H. Anderson CharlO!Le M. Anderson Dawn E./Bush Oiivis Terrance A. Collins Luelle/Sprauge Falcon Marian/Sprauge Gabow Elma/Mandoka McDonald Maudelene Montour Frances Schoonmaker Tijuana The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal CounciI•5 �i ll [~~J l-3 by Bill Dunlop i [fl l~~ 0@ lJD ~ ! "Greater love hath /no man than this, that he lay down his life for his friends." John 15:13. 1 i I 908 - :along the Great Lake. Kenoshmeg saw it first. He was at the hignest place on the tallest hill above Waganagasik, "the place of the ctooked tree," near what is now called Good Hart. He instantly '. knew the lake-boat was in very bad trouble. No ship captain would turn his craft sideways to those mountainous waves. Being a fisherman, he knew that in a storm you turned your boat into the wind, not sideways. Mik-sa-be came up behind Kenoshmeg, and he too quickly understood the situation. These two Indians hurried down the high bluffs to alert other Indians. Aboard the lake-boat, three non-Indian men were in mortal fear of their lives. They were William Prout, age 41, Alfred Shampine, 44, and Amad Lavake, 31. Their motor had quit and they had no steering. They had played out their anchor to it's full length, but the water was too deep and the anchor had nothing to hold it. There was nothing to do but pray - and pray they did, loud and hard. They had no way of knowing that many Indians were on the beach and on the tall hills of Good Hart watching, praying and trying to figure a way to rescue these men, who · would surely die if their vessel broke up. The storm was so fierce that the Indians feared to attempt a rescue with their row boats. The storm continued unabated the rest of the day, and as the light faded Ben Betose, who was on the high bluffs, could still see the boat tossing and writhing in the terrible wind. The Indians on the beach built a huge fire and kept vigil all through the night. A few Indians did the same on the high bluffs. They hoped whoever was on the storm-tossed boat would catch sight of the fires and take hope. The Indians could only hope and pray that the lake boat would hold up through the night. They knew that no rescue attempt could be made in the dark of night. The women kept food and hot tea and coffee available at the Kiogima home. The men, mostly fishermen and farmers, laid plans all night. Most of the men volunteered to try the rescue, but just two 6-The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council men were selected. Okenotego and Kishigobinesse (both named Joseph) would make the attempt. They were picked because they were the brawniest and the best rowers. And Kishigobinessi owned the best boat. The wind shrieked on, and when the deep purple dawn showed first light, every face was strained outward across the water. All they could see was the white tops of the huge waves. Ever so gradually it got lighter, and then great shouts went up - first from the Indians on the high bluffs, then from those on the beach. The lake boat had held together through the night. Better yet, the Indians knew the anchor had caught, for the distressed boat now faced directly into the storm. Best of all, the troubled boat was now only a half-mile from shore. Kishigobinessis' boat was dragged to the edge of the beach. They could only wait for a break in the waves, the lake was still too wild. The day wore on, but there was no let-up in the storm. The Indians knew the people in the cruiser could not last another night - and finally, at 3:00 pm, the two Indians named Joe pushed their row boat out into the lake. The Indians on shore cheered and cheered. continued on next page I \ �Muscles strained as the two ]oes pulled on the oars, aiming as best they could for the disabled boat. Sometimes they rode the crest of a huge wave, the next minute they disappeared into the deep trough between the waves. Some of the women knelt and said a rosary on the beach. High on the bluffs, Kadabinessi began to beat on his hand-drum while the rest sang a song of tribute to bravery. All their hearts and minds were with the two Indians in the small boat. Many times the small boat was almost swamped by the heavy breakers. After what seemed like an eternity, they bumped against the lee hull of the lake boat. They quickly took the pale, weak men from the lake boat into the rowboat, and headed back to shore. As they got nearer to shore, they feared the breakers would smash them against the rocks. Miraculously, a huge wave swept the rowboat up, and with just a thump, dumped them twenty feet up onto the beach. Great shouts of joy and thanksgiving went up from the people gathered on shore. Of course the story of this great rescue spread throughout the area . When it got to the right ears, the Carnegie Hero Fund Commission awarded Okenotego and Kishigobinessi their medal of valor, and a cash award of $500.* Ironically, the following morning huge waves set the crippled cruiser up on the beach, just as they had done for the Indians' little rowboat. Only then did they see the hole in the hull of the lake boat. ' (Established in 1904 by Andrew Carnegie, the Carnegie 1lero Fund Commission was created to recognize outstanding acts of selfless heroism performed in the United States and Canada. The Commission's Deed of Trust established a $5 million fund to recognize persons "in peaceful vocations" who act to "preserve or rescue their fellows .") Kenoshmeg: ancestor of Rita & April Blumke. Miksabe: ancestor of Mary Roberts. Hen Betose: ancestor of Bill Dunlop . Kiogimas: relatives of I·:velyn Kiogima BROKEN DREAMS by James Panchorillo Remington The Elders have strength. Why can't we use it? The Elders have wisdom. Why can't we learn? The Elders have love. Why do we reject it? The Elders have spirit. Why don't we? The Elders have drums pounding. Why can't we dance? The Elders have songs. Why can't we hear? The Elders walk on. Why can't we cry? Now it is gone. Why didn't we listen? Kadabinessi: relative of Catherine Boda. Okenotego: decendants unknown. Sources: frank Greenleaf, Ben Betose, Frank Michigan, Isaac Naska, john King. The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council• 7 �TOBACCO MISUSE AMONG NATIVE PEOPLE hv Mark Ber:.;.11tw !Ben \JLl/.1 So cial Sarn <'.I D<'fll .i A pointed out in an article appearing in the United National Indian Tribal Youth (UNITY) News, tobacco has an important role in traditional American Indian life. Some Indian religions teach that tobacco was a gift from the Great Spirit and was to be used for religious and ceremonial purposes. Among many tribes, tobacco was part of rituals, including healing, problem resolution, trading, preparing for war, trances, sundances, and sweat lodge ceremonies. Prized by deities, tobacco was often given as a gift to the Great Spirit. Tobacco leaves were usually mixed with parts of t h~ willow, dogwood, ::::·:4.!f'\, > sumac, bearberry, or rose bush. i@;,l!JY . . .,. However addiction Jv'< · '' to tobacco and the ' misuse) of cigahabitual frequent use (or rettes is posing a serious threat to the health of groups that Native people . Amon&,,,the ethnic can Indimake up the U.S. population, Amerians/ Alaskan Natives have the highest rate of habitual tobacco use. Indian Health Serstatistics show that two out of every five Indians are related to O(J~aµsed by smok- ing. Habitual misuse of tobacc6 is also common in the Bay Mills Indian Comrpunity. According to a survey conducted in Bay Mills by Wayne St~te UniVersity in 1990-91, which measured lifestyle and behavior risk factors of health, almost half(44%) of the tribal members surveyed smoked cigarettes, averaging almost one pack of cigarettes a day. In 1990, the Indian Health Service conducted an Adolescent Health Survey of Native Ameriean students ages 12 to 18 attending Brimley School. Among these . Bay Mills teens, daily tobacco use was reported by 22.4% of the students. One of the most preventable causes of death and illness among Indian people is tobacco misuse. Many lives are lost each year due to heart disease, cancer and emphysema, all of which are a direct consequence of smoking. According to "Trends in Indian Health" 0991/IHS) diseases of the heart and cancers are two of the leading three causes of death for Native people. Women who smoke are at even greater risk, especially if they also use oral contraceptives (the "Pill"). Pregnant women who smoke run a higher risk to their baby of miscarriage, stillbirth, low-birth weight, premature birth and birth defect. Babies born to mothers who smoked during pregnancy have a higher incidence of experiencing Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). Also, people who chose to smoke put the health of others around them at risk from the smoke in the air. Young children are particularly vulnerable to this "second hand smoke." They also tend to follow the example set by adults - parents who truly care about the health and well-being of their children have a responsibility to set an example by not smoking and by giving them the encouragement and support they need to resist pressures from friends and peers who smoke. The best thing Native youth can do to ensure a healthy life is to not start smoking. The nicotine in tobacco is an addictive drug and quitting ·the cigarette habit is probably one of the most difficult habits continued ort next page 8•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council �continued from page 8 to break. The most important thing is to want to quit and to stick with it. A well-balanced diet that is low in fat, cholesterol and alcohol as well as regular exercise are essential to breaking the habit. Get help if you need it or quit with a friend or spouse. But don't quit quitting. Information on ways to help you stop smoking are available from the Bay Mills Health Clinic. Tobacco does have a very important role in Native American culture. The key is to understand the differences between use and misuse, and to work toward helping Native youth understand and respect the difference and to respect the gift of health that the Creator has given them by not misusing tobacco. i SO YOU WANT TO BE A LEADER? A study of leaders by the Center for Creative Leadership points out key faults that can get potential leaders off track: • Being insensitive to others; • Forgetting the future - leaders must work to plan changes; • Being cold, aloof or arrogant; • Betraying people's trust - successful leaders are friendly; • Overmanaging - leaders delegate; • Failing to staff effectively; • Failing to adapt to a boss with a different style - leaders need to adjust as necessary. ·---------------· : rn~ ~f mmm : I 15% DISCOUNT WITH THIS AD! I 6501 South Division I Grand Rapids, Michigan 49548 I Phone (616) 281-3640 I • Indian Jewelry • Indian Moccasins • I • Custom Jewelry • Silver Repairs• I I I I I I WINNING PARENTING SKILLS We are there to LISTEN, SUPPORT and OFFER OPTIONS ... not to judge. 1. Give kids a responsibility. 2. Give them a consequence that is logical, realistic and palatable to you. 3. When they blow it, give them the opportunity to do the first responsibility again AFTER they have experienced the consequences for blowing it the first time. SAY WHAT YOU MEAN. .. MEAN WHAT YOU SAY. .. DO WHAT YOU SAID YOU WOULD DO! SIX CRITICAL LIFE MESSAGES: 1. I Believe in You. 2. I Trust in You. 3. I Know You Can Handle It. 4. You Are Listened To. 5. You Are Cared For. 6. You Are Very Important To Me. LANGUAGE LESSON Anish-na-gigee: How are you doing? Mee-go-on-way: I'm doing fine. Nee-Mino-yaa: good (or) Nay-shin: good. Ahb-chi-go-ni-min-yahh: I'm feeling really good. ·---------------· The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council• 9 �MICHIGAN INDIAN EMPLOYMENT & TRAINING SERVICES, INC. H.U.D. PRESENTATION AT MARCH COMMUNITY POTLUCK Officials from the City of Grand Rapids' Housing Rehabilitation Office will present information about their new home improvement programs at our community potluck Tuesday, March 9 at 6:00 pm The new programs feature: • More grant funds for low income families; • Second time assistance; • More money per house; • More areas being served; • A special program for elderly homeowners; • A special program for handicapped homeowners; • A special program for emergency type repairs; • A lower interest rate on all loans. Call 456-3030 to find out more about these opportunities. Region Ill 2 Fountain Place 60 N. Division Grand Rapids, Ml 49503 ACTIVITIES &SERVICES Career Guidance: A para-professional counseling service to help applicants assume responsibility for making career plans and decisions. Job Referral: Qualified applicants are referred to employment after they have demonstrated they possess the required skills or abilities to do the job. Classroom Training: Assistance is provided in obtaining a GED or high school diploma. Work Experience: A short-term employment program for adults and youth over 14 years to develop basic working skills and provide job training in specific areas. Call: (6'16) 451-1920 MICHIGAN COMMISSION ON INDIAN AFFAIRS Meeting Highlights - January 15, 1993 MICH. INDIAN LEGAL SERVICES Michigan Indian Legal Services in Traverse City now has a toll-free telephone number available for use by clients and potential clients. Anyone is encouraged to call for information. 1-800999-9126. MCIA MEETING The Michigan Commission on Indian Affairs will hold its March 12 open meeting in Grand Rapids at Grand Valley State University's Eberhard Center downtown. GRITC will play host to the meeting and serve lunch at the Council's offices. RESOl.lJfTONS MCJA BUDGET 1NFORMA710N (93-1-15A). Executive Director to communicate with Dept. of Civil Rights and Dept. of Management and Budget regarding the budgetary s.tatus of the MCIA for the next fiscal year. AFFJRMA TIVE ACTJON StA TVS JN 77-!E STATE OF MJCHIGAN (93- 7158). Communication with the Civil Service Commission and the Dept. of Civil Service Lo determine numbers of 1/4 blood North American Indians employed in state classified service, in whatever form the Civil Service Commission and Department keep such information, whose jobs have been lost through budgetary review over the past 5 years , more or less, and such additional information deemed necessary, and to report on the same to the Commission on Indian Affairs at its next meeting. INGHAM COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SERVICES INDJAN OUTREACH WORKER (93-1-15C). Articulation of the importance of and need for continued funding of this worker position. Determi· nation of identities of the counties which do not fund Indian Outreach Workers. In addition, review of existing Indian Outreach Worker program. RECOMMBNDA710N OF 77-!0MAS W 7DPASH FDR DIRECTOR OF continued top of next page 1Q•The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council �continued from previous page. THE DEPT OF CIVIL RIGHTS (93-1-15D). NA TJVE AMERICAN PROGRAMS UNfT JN THE DEPT. OF ED. (93-115£) . Support for continuance of this program which is subject to complete elimination by the Dept. of Ed. due to continuing budgetary review . Submitted by Kim Sawmick, District 4 Commissioner Save your CASH REGISTER TAPES from D & W and Meiier to help support programs at GRITC. Drop off or send in the tapes to our office, care of Chris Shomin. ANISHNABE A.A. meets every Monday and Wednesday from 6:00-7:00 pm at GRITC, 45 Lexington NW. Everyone is welcome. Order your GRITC SWEATSHIRT or TEE· SHIRT soon - call us for color and size selections (774-8331 ). ~~®® TORTLE TALK IHFORMfiTIOH A one year subscription to Turtle Talk is $5 (Bronze Givers), additional contributions of $10 (Silver Givers) or $15 (Gold Givers) are greatly appreciated. Your tax-deductible contributions will help develop Turtle Talk into a bigger and better source of news and entertainment, and keep you informed of happenings in our Anishnabe community. Advertising Rotes Full Page: $100/month Half Page: $50/month Quarter Page: $25/month Business Card: $15/month A 5% discount is offered for a one-year contract, pre-paid. We can also offer graphics assistance in design and layout. Call the office at 774-8331. Hew Subscribers/Supporters Intergenerational Child Care Children 6 weekS ta school age have the opportunity ta develop spec/Ill frlendshlpa • with Seniors. An innovative intergenerational concept in child care located on the campus of Porter Hills Presbyterian Village. To rece ive an application for enrollment or further information. please contact Sandy TenHagen at 940-4049. • Financial Assistance is Available. James Ward Linda Marshall Diana Irish Max & Vivian Spenser Natasha Stewart Jimmie Stewart Anthony Stewart Curtis Vos, Jr. Helen Chippewa Joseph Beebe Helen Appel Lorraine Pinero M. Wanshon Dennis Resterhouse Terry Resterhouse Mary Lou Fassett Location: 3600 E. Fulton . in Grand Rapids Michigan . ONneC By Po-:er H s P''='sby:e· d": V11 a~t> • Ma...-d~td By T--e G·ar:c Ra.::i c:> f\.1'::'.'0. Y1.1CA So:...·~.,.32: B • a'"c~ The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council• II �MARCH POW WOW DATES MGrch 6 & 7 16th flnnuGI Cireqt LGkes lndiGn Culture Assoc. Mid-Winter Pow Wow OwGsso. Michigqn BGker College. CGll (313) 231-1389. Mench 6 & 7 7th flnnuql Centrql Wisconsin lndiGn Center Pow Wow Rothschild. Wisconsin Rothschild PGvilllon. CGll (715) 845-2613. MGrch 28 HeGrt of the EGrth SurvlvGI School. 8th flnnuGI Pow Wow ."~ MinneGpolis. Minnesotq Minn. Convention Center. CGll (612) 331-8862. HOMECOMING OF THE THREE FIRES Planning is underway for the annual Homecoming of the Three Fires Pow Wow, scheduled for June 12 & 13 at Riverside Park. We will again locate near the Pavillion, with the traders along the river and food booths to the north of the .dance circle. Traders fees have been set at $75 for the weekend, and discussions are still analysing the pros and cons of charging admission and the resulting security challenge. Corporate sponsorship will be solicited, and anyone having ties to business charitable departments should "plant the seed" for them to contribute. GRITC will have a booth to sell books, sweatshirts, tee-shirts and caps, plus the buttons and Pow Wow programs. Volunteers are needed in several areas: parking arid security, cleanup, runners for the traders, runners for dancers, water suppliers, electrical/sound set-up and maintenance, table set-up and tear-down, first aid and information, sales, and many more. Please give your time to make this pow wow successful! The Pow Wow planning committee, chaired by Loretta Antoine, meets Monday at 5:00 at GRITC (every other week); March meetings are 3/1 - 3/15 - 3/29. Please come! Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council 45 Lexington, NW, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49504 Non Profit Org. U.S. Postage PAID Permit No.690 Grand Rapids, Ml ·-··-. -··--.-... . ~.. .._ ..... . - Library Grand Valley State Univ Allendale Ml 49 401 · 'fhis newsleuer is funded in part by United Way. Office of Substance Abuse Services , Community Mental Health, and private donations. A Service of 0 ullitedway l � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_turtle-talk_v31993-03 Title A name given to the resource Turtle Talk, Volume 3, March 1993 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1993-03 Description An account of the resource March 1993 (volume 3) issue of Turtle Talk by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Barber, Marcia (Editor) Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/731035b027ccb3995093beb9d2b2f955.pdf d69aad42abb0b5018d954844c54c2c8c PDF Text Text TurtleTalk Volume:) Number-+ Grand Rapids Inter-Trilxtl Council April 199:) LET'S DRAW THE LINE! CHILDREN AND ALCOHOL Parents who are clear about not wanting their children to use illicit drugs may find it harder to be tough about alcohol. After all , alcohol is legal for adults, many parents drink, and alcohol is a part of some religious observances. As a result, we may view alcohol as a less dangerous substance than other drugs. The facts are otherwise. • 4.6 million teenagers have a drinking problem. • 4 percent of high school seniors drink alcohol every day. • Alcohol-related accidents are the leading cause of death among young people 15 to 24 years of age. • About half of all youthful deaths in drowning, fires , suicide, and homicide are alcohol-related. • Young people who use alcohol at an early age are more likely to use alcohol heavily and to have alcohol-related problems; they are also more likely to abuse other drugs and to get into trouble with the law. • Young people whose body weight is lower than adults reach a higher blood alcohol concentration level than adults and show greater effects for longer periods of time. College students spend more on beer than on books. LETS DRAW THE LINE. Alcohol Awareness Month: April, 1993 TALKING TO KIDS ABOUT ALCOHOL It's never too early to starting teaching your children about the effects of alcohol on the body. For instance, you could explain the path alcohol takes through a person's body when they take a drink. 1. The STOMACH - that's the first stop in alcohol's journey through the body. A small amount of alcohol passes through the stomach wall and into the bloodstream. But most of the alcohol continues on to the SMALL INTESTINE, where it enters the bloodstream by passing through the intestinal walls. Too much drinking too often can create some really serious digestive problems. 2. Once it's in the bloodstream, alcohol takes off in all directions. It travels to ALL PARTS OF THE BODY, including the brain and liver. 3. Alcohol that reaches the BRAIN interferes with many activities people take for granted seeing, remembering, talking, walking, driving, and more. 4. Alcohol that goes to the LIVER is oxidized (changed into water, continued on page 4 �April 1993 FROM THE DIRECTOR GRITC BOARD OF DIRECTORS William Memberto - President John Hutchinson - Vice-President Andra Robinson - Treasurer Loretta Antoine - Secretary MEMBERS Boo-Shoo! Spring has arrived! It is always nice to get through the winter months and look forward to the renewal that Spring provides as the leaves reappear on trees and the grass turns green once again. Spring in Michigan can be beautiful. Hemember Earth Day is April 22, as American Indians we realize the importance of preserving the Earth from one generation to the next generation. The Earth is beautiful and we all need to work together to help preserve it. Tf you missed the -March issue of the Grand Rapids Magazine which had an article written by William D. Memberto, president of the Board of Directors of GlUTC and Marcia E. Barber, editor of Turtle Talk , we will send you copy of the article which was called, " Native American Myth." Simply call us at the Council at 774-8331 for your copy. Don't forget the Council still needs volunteers for the "Homecoming of the Three Fires" Pow Wow which is going to be held on June 12 and 13 at Hiverside Park, Grand l~apids, Michigan. Volunteers are needed to staff booths, parking lot assistance, general maintenance of grounds, security, etc. Please contact Loretta Antoine, care of the Council for more information. The Board of Directors of GRITC is sending a Resolution to State Representative Morris Hood which deals with the self-identification process currently used at state educational institutions to track students, staff, and faculty when reporting their affirmative action programs. The Resolution calls for the state legislature to make it mandatory for those who maintain to be American Indian to be able to verify their claim. Further, the Board is in the process updating our Affirmative Action Statement for the Council. Levi A. Hickert Roger Williams Jeanne Harding Mary Roberts Bill Dunlop Rita Blumke STAFF Levi A. Rickert - Executive Director Marcia L. Blacklidge - Human Services Director Jeff Justin - Business Manager Human Services Hunter Genia Kristie Pagel Loretta Yount Carolyn Ogilvie-Cohen Lew Burrows Support Denise Skorka - Secretary Chris Shomin - Accounting Clerk Susan Ives - Intake Facilitator Diane Laureaux - Prevention Bill Dunlop - Seniors Contacts Turtle Talk Marcia E. Barber - Editor Two eagles Marcus - Layout Michael Vanderwall - Graphics Advisor Turtle Ta/k's mission is to provide its readership with reports of local and national interest and happenings that may directly or indirectly affect and impact our Native American community. Turtle Talk welcomes any comments or opinions/ram its readership. However, we will consider publishing only those letters which have a signed name and address . It should be noted that letters to the editor express the views of the writers and not necessarily the views of this newsletter or GRTTC Deadline for submissions is the first week of every month for the upcoming month's issue. Turtle Talk is published monthly by the Grand Rapids lnter-Trihal Council and Michigan Indian Press, 15 Lexington Avenue NW, Crand l<apids, Ml 19504 Phone (616) 774-833 1, Fax(616) 774-2810. 2 • The Grand Rapids Inter-Triba l Council �MICHIGAN INDIAN EMPLOYMENT & TRAINING SERVICES, INC. TURTLE TALK INFORMATION A one year subscription to Turtle Talk is $5 (Bronze Givers),additional contributions of $10 (Silver Givers) or $15 (Gold Givers) are greatly appreciated. Your tax-deductible contributions will help develop Turtle Talk into a bigger and better source of news and entertainment, and keep you informed of happenings in our Anishnabe community. Region Ill 2 Fountain Place 60 N. Division Grand Rapids, Ml 49503 Adwrtislng Rqtes ACTIVITIES & SERVICES Career Guidance: A para-professional counseling service to help applicants assume responsibility for making career plans and decisions. Job Referral: Qualified applicants are referred to employment after they have demonstrated they possess the required skills or abilities to do the job. Classroom Training: Assistance is provided in obtaining a GED or high school diploma. Work Experience: A short-term employment program for adults and youth over 14 years to develop basic working skills and provide job training in specific areas. Full Page: $100/month Half Page: $50/ month Quarter Page: $25/month Business Card: $15/month A can also offer graphics assistance in design and layout. Call Lhe office al 774-8331. New Subscribers/SuDDorters Carey A. AquiGna Susan Marks Mr. & Mrs. Stanley Morgan Silver & Stuff Sally Olson Kee Nokomis Learning Center Cindy Rosenzweig William Jones, Jr. Mae Ring Artifactory Calvin College Gray Wind Call: (616) 451-1920 APRIL BIRTHDAY GREETINGS April Blumke Josie Sams John Hart Jesse L. Boda Don Bowen, Sr. Mary Ann Mashka Robin Korn Cindy Pigeon April Marie Leaureaux April Wesaw .·:·. ·>: ·:-:-: .-:-:.·.·.·.······ Sam Pigeon Michael Corby Micky Kiogima Sandy Whiteman Dawn Bush Susan Wesaw Robin Ensley Levi Albert Crampton Roseann Moore Pam Smith JoAnnc Fox Misty Bowen Edna Kenoshmeg 5% discount is offered for a one-year contract, prepaid. We Aspecial thank you this month to Pat Baldwin and St. James Christian Services for a generous contribution to our Senior Meals Program. Your generosity is much appreciated. · CHI-MEGWETCH! r----------, (~~ ~f l~( l~~ll. • Indian Jewelry • Indian Moccasins • · Custom Jewelry· Silver Repairs· I I I I I The Grand l{apids Inter-Tribal Council • 3 I I I I I 15% DISCOUNT WITH THIS AD! 6501 South Division Grand Rapids, Michigan 49548 Phone : (616) 281-3640 L----------.J �continued from cover carbon dioxide and energy). This takes time - at least one hour per drink (12 oz. of beer, 5 oz. of wine or 1-1/2 oz. of 80-proof liquor). Jn the meantime, any remaining alcohol in the bloodstream keeps passing through the body until the liver is ready for it. Too much drinking means a lot of extra work for the liver. APRIL 2 - 4 IS NATIONAL ALCOHOL-FREE WEEKEND to increase public awareness of the problems associated with drinking alcoholic beverages by asking Americans to refrain from drinking them for this weekend. ' Why kids in America drink· I. Boredom 2. Loneliness 3. Depression LET'S DRAW THE LINE. Alcohol Awareness Month: April, 1993 REACTIONS TO ALCOHOL How a person react5 to alcohol depends on certain factors including: • HOW fASTthe person drinks. Drinking fast means that • • • • more alcohol will get to and stay in the brain. HOW MUCHthe person drinks. Obviously, the more a person drinks the more likely he or she is to get drunk. BODY WEIGHT A lighter person will be affected more quickly than a heavier person. HOW A PERSON FEHS. A person's mood, how tired he or she is, and other factors, can make a difference. AMOUNT OF FOOD IN THE STOMACH. Food slows down the effects of alcohol. The most likely cause of death for a sixteen-year old in America is alcohol-related. LETS DRAW THE LINE Alcohol Awareness Month: April, 1993 4 • The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal ~ouncil fOI PAIEN1S: • Ask your children if alcohol is. affecting the quality of their lives and be sure to listen to their answers. Good communication is a good form of prevention. • Reinforce what your children learn in school about television content, helping them to analyze commercials and their messages during home viewing. If your child believes that he or she is being influenced to drink by a particular alcoholic beverage commercial, help him/her to write a letter of complaint to the manager of the television station that is airing the commercial. Send a copy of your letter to the chairman of the Federal Trade Commission (601 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington DC 20580). • Assume a strong pro-active position regarding the wellness of your children and support your children in their often difficult choice to live a drug-free lifestyle. • Host meetings for other parents to discuss and share the responsibility of raising drugfree children. • If you drink, be sure to set an ongoing healthy example regarding adult alcohol use. �STORY Michael Dorris' exquisitely crafted book, "The Broken Chord" is an impassioned plea for society to recognize and prevent the passage of alcohol from mother to fetus. With that purpose, Dorris describes in heart-wrenching detail his personal and professional search for information to free his own adopted son from the affliction of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. He fails in his quest, and thereby leaves the reader devastated by the grim reality: Alcohol abuse has created a massive, unending destruction of life. Dorris does propose solutions for the protection of unborn generations - massive education efforts coupled with loss of civil liberties for those who insist upon abusing the unborn. As "Surely Adam's a sensitive, obstinate, loving, and self-conscious young academician problem was at Dartmouth College, Dorris not unique,... challenges overwhelming social an isolated case service odds by winning the.right to adopt a three-year old American of bad luck." Indian son, although he is single with no marriage prospects. Dorris applies his considerable academic skills to the problems of his son's development, which through the fifteenyear story, become greater as the boy grows. He returns to his own American Indian root5 to begin his quest for an understanding of alcohol's role in Indian society. "Surely Adam's problem was not unique," he writes, "an isolated case of bad luck. Yet the litany of his definable symptoms - low birth weight, small cranial circumference, hyperactivity, repetitious mistakes, an early failure to thrive, attention deficit, seizures did not in and of itself, according to the doctors and other professionals I consulted, point to any pat diagnosis." As the obsessed and searching father, he sought personal knowledge. He amassed volumes of research notes; he pursued medical experts, social scientists, American Indians with first hand information. "In the final analysis, it is the story that captivates us, makes us the willing receptacles of the scary statistics, and transforms us into missionaries for the cause," writes book reviewer Daniella Levine. Dorris' message is not always easy to continuea on top of next page FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME AND FETAL ALCOHOL EFFECT Children affected by this syndrome exhibit distinctive physical features, including a small head; low, prominent ears; poorly developed cheekbones, and a long and smooth upper lip. They may be shorter in height and lighter in weight, and ~ave heart defects and joint problems. They are also slow to develop physically and mentally, and exhibit retardation and behavior problems. Children with symptoms in three categories - facial abnormalities, growth problems, and neurological abnormalities are said to have Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. Children less severely affected, who show symptoms in two of the three categories, are defined as having Fetal Alcohol Effect. The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council • 5 �continued from previous page swallow; total abstinence at the time of conception and throughout pregnancy and nursing is urged, even exhorted. Dorris writes the worst result of F.A.S., however, which especially affects children suffering from the full syndrome, is the vacuousness, the absence of true understanding. "These children don't learn from their mistakes. They, like Adam, may have but faint recall of critical lessons and experiences, despite IQ scores that would predict greater learning ability." As a young man of 21, Adam cannot remember to wear his coat in the cold, or to take his daily medication, or eat a meal unless the food is placed directly in front of him. Then, he consumes indiscriminately until every shred is gone, though he shows no awareness of what he has been served. Save your CASH REGISTER TAPES from D & W and Meiier to help support programs at GRITC. Drop odd or send in the tapes to our office, care of chris Shomin. ANISHNABE A.A. meets every Monday and Wednesday from 6:00 • 7:00 pm at GRITC, 45 Lexington NW. Everyone is Welcome. Order your GRITC SWEATSHIRT or TEE·SHIRT soon •• call us for color and size selections (77 4·8331) GRAY WIND NATIVE AMERICAN OWNED QUALITY NATIVE AMERICAN CRAFTS SPECIAL WHOLESALE PRICES ON GLASS & PLASTIC 1117 BURTON SW WYOMING, Ml 49509 (616) 243-0003 INFANT, CHILDREN'S &ADULT MINNETONKA MOCCASINS $13.00 &UP INDIAN JEWELRY • 6 • The G rand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council BEADS GLASS PONY BEADS 4d 50/$1.15 100/$2.10 ~ ~ . \.!)! GLASS SEED BEADS $1.69/HANK �BE AWARE••• COMMIT AND CARE! PROTECT MOTHER EARTH. RESPECT Native Americans share the belief that everything was created by the Great Spirit. The human race has been placed alongside all other members of the creation family - not to be supreme or dominant but to be servants and caretakers. Chief Seattle advised us to respect all of creation - plants, trees, animals, birds, fish, water, rocks, the sun, wind and the ground we walk on. All , he said, are sacred - that whatever happens to the birds and animals will soon happen to us, for all things are connected. Native Americans also believe that the quality of a person's life depends on how that individual respects other people as well as all other creation. After all, we arc one with the world. To show our respect for Mother Earth and for the survival of future generations, let us "Recycle, Reduce and Reuse." REDUCE • Use both sides of the paper, whether it's for copying or taking notes. • Turn off lights when leaving a room. • Use fewer bulbs in multi-bulb fixtures. • Walk or ride a bike for short trips instead of driving. • Turn off the water when brushing teeth. • Repair leaky faucets quickly. • Turn water heater down to 130 degrees. • Keep thermostat below 72 degrees in winter and above 78 degrees in summer. • Use a fan instead of air-conditioning when possible. RECYCLE • Recycle aluminum cans: Making aluminum from recycled materials cuts related pollution by 95 percent. • Recycle glass: All glass jars and bottles can be recycled. • Recycle newspapers and other papers: Making new paper from old uses 30 to 50 percent less energy than making it from trees. • Recycle automotive motor oil or have oil changed someplace where they do recycle. • Leave grass clippings on the lawn or compost them to keep them out of landfills. • Recycle phone books every year. • Recycle clothes by taking them to non-profit organizations. • Buy recycled products when they are available. REUSE • Use cloth napkins and towels instead of paper ones • Use reusable containers to store leftovers. • Choose paper bags instead of plastic: Paper is reusable and plastic is not degradable. • Use a mug for hot chocolate or coffee instead of Styrofoam cups. • Use a canvas bag for carrying purchases. • Use "wasted" paper for scratch paper. • Create a compost pile in your yard for food waste and yard clippings. APRIL IS KEEP AMERICA BEAUTIFUL MONTH • •• To educate Americans about their personal responsibility for litter prevention, proper solid waste disposal and environmental improvements through various community projects. The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council • 7 �APRIL 18 - 24 IS NATIONAL VOLUNTEER WEEK: WE NEED YOU! APRIL IS: Moon of greening grass (Sioux) Moon when the geese lay eggs (Cheyenne) Planting corn moon (Winnebago) Leaf moon (Kiowa) Moon of the breaking up of the ice (Mandan-Hidatsa) We can take this week to honor those who reach out to others, and call attention to the need for more community services for individuals, groups, and families. We can also emphasize that real social progress depends on the selflessness of caring people STEP LIGHTLY ON YOUR MOTHER EARTH YOUNG EAGLE COMPANIONS APRIL 22: EARTH DAY· Our Monday evening Young Eagles group, grades three through six, needs caring companions to assist staff with activities such as crafts, cultural programs and field trips, as well as planning and ideas. The group meets weekly from 6:00 to 8:00 pm, and volunteers with transportation are especially needed. Retired teachers and scout leaders would be perfect, anyone at any age can be involved with this fun group. recycle your newspapers, glass, metal and plastic containers; then take a walk in the wood<; and appreciate nature. APRIL 30: ARBOR DAY • area schools are providing tree seedlings for students to plant, helping them make a green future for themselves and their own children. HOMECOMING POW WOW Volunteers are needed in several areas to prepare for and put on the June 12 and 13 Pow Wow, "Homecoming of the Three Fires." The planning committee meets Monday nights from 5:00 to 6:00 pm at Grand Hapids Inter-Tribal Council (call for exact dates and times, 774-8331). Would you like to help sell books for Michigan Indian Press? Perhaps you'd rather help get drinking water to the dancers, or help register the traders as they set up their booths. There's lot<; to do, please help! ANISHNABE IANGUAGE: OJIBWA (mealtime) Bskwezhigan - bread Zawa Mide - butter Waagon - egg Doodooshaaboo - milk Giigoonh - fish Pin - potato Mdaamin - corn Wiiyaas - meat (from the Bay Mills News, January 1993) 8 •The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council �NATIVE AMERICAN, AFRICAN, & NEIGHBORHOOD ART THE ARTIFACTORY CONSIGNMENTS WELCOME 619 LY NE BE EN GRAND & U ION (61 ) 454-6344 Child Development Center For children 6 weeks to School age An innovative intergenerational concept in child care located on the campus of Porter Hills Presbyterian Village, located at 3600 E. Fulton, in Graro Rapids. Now accepting applications for enrollment! For information, please contact Sandy Ten Hagen at 940-4049. • Owned By: Porter Hills Presbyterian Village ·Managed By The Grand Rapjds Metro. YMCN Southeast Branch • Financial Assistance is Available. •pAINTI s•PRINTS ·scULPTU ·cARVING •JEWELRv•s._.-. ............_ __J A PROCIAMATION FOR ALCOHOL AWARENESS MONTH 1993 WHt'N.f.AS~ the legal drinking age in the United States of America is twenty-one; and WHtR.HAS: the nation's student councils have identified alcohol as their school's most serious problem; and WHHRHAS: drinking has a negative effect on the academic performance of students; and WHERE4S, nearly one-third of all high school seniors "binge drink" on a regular basis; and WHEREAS, underage drinkers are at greatest risk for alcohol poisoning; and WHt'N.MS, alcohol use among junior high school students is increasing; and WHEREAS: a young American dies every three hours in an alcohol-related car crash; and WHt'REAS: the National Minimum Drinking Act saves one thousand lives each year; and WHEREAS, enforcement of the legal drinking age is an adult responsibility; NOW, THEREFORE, The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council does hereby proclaim April 1993 to be Alcohol Awareness Month in the Grand Rapids Public Schools and the Kent Intermediate School District. As the Executive Director, I also call upon citizens, parents, government agencies, public and private institutions, businesses, hospitals and schools in the Greater Crand Rapids Area to help raise awareness about this critical public health issue and join me in "drawing the line" to prevent underage drinking. Th~ Grand llapids Inter-Tribal Council • 9 �OPPORTUNITIES FOR DRIVER JOBS Bill Dunlop reports to us from AARP that during the Seniors Employment Program's past fiscal year, local companies and organizations hired 25 drivers of cars and vans, making this the most popular job. The average wage earned was from $4.25 to $7.25 per hour. Usually the employer provides the car or van, although in some cases the employee is asked to provide his own vehicle (then mileage is allowed). You must have a good driving record, know the area, and possibly may have to get a chauffeur's license from the State of Michigan. You should also like to get out and meet people. If you arc interested, contact your local AARP office. MICHIGAN INDIAN LEGAL SERVICES Michigan lndian Legal Services in Traverse City has a toll-free telephone number available for use by clients and potential clients. Anyone is encouraged to call for information. 1-800-968-6877 (Please note this change from number given in last month's Turtle Talk). AIDS AWARENESS CONFERENCE Grand Rapids Reach, Inc. and the InterDcnominational Ministerial Alliance of Lansing present their first AIDS Awareness Conference for African Americans and other people of color. The title is "HIVI AIDS Is In The Hood," and informational topics include: What is the AIDS virus? Where did it really come from? How is the AIDS virus transmitted? What does it do to the body? How can it be treated? Dental/burial procedures. Financial assistance. The conference will be held Saturday, April 17 at Messiah Baptist Church from 8:30 am to 12:30 pm. Free to all - to preregister, call Grand Rapids Reach, Inc. at 235-0455. YOUNG EAGLES SAY THANKS! The Young Eagles would like to thank the following people for helping to make our youth program a continuing sucess. Grades K-2 would like to thank Carol McNamara, Cathy Bielk, Mike Kaboni and Johnnie Noah for the tremendous volunteer work they have been doing with our group. These fine people have done everything preparation of the activities, providing resources and helping guide the younger ones on their projects. Grades 3-6 would like to thank Barb Shawanoskey, Kurt Schmidt 10 •The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal C0uncil (intern from Aquinas), Troy Barger (intern from Grand Valley), George Martin, Ron Yob, Larry Peshawba and Rosie Holmberg for their time and efforts in helping with the group and leading the group through the night's act1v1t1es. Grades 7-12 would like to thank George Martin, Dave Shananaquet and Lorraine "Punkin" Shananaquet for their time and effort in doing some really nice projects with our group and have expressed a lot of interest in doing future projects. Chi-Migwich! to all of you. Submitted by Hunter Genia WANTED: TURTLE TALK PHOTOGRAPHER We will supply the 35-mm camera and film, but we need your expertise as a photo-journalist. Turtle Talk is looking for someone who would be available to periodically take photos of GRITC events such as Young Eagles activities, community potlucks, promotions and special events - involves some evenings and/or weekends. This is a volunteer situation, we need your help! ILLUSTRATORS AND GRAPHIC DESIGNERS Turtle Talk provides an opportunity for new artists to showcase their work. We are always looking for Native American artists to contribute to our newsletter and welcome any submissions. We have featured original poetry and stories from local authors, now we would like to see contributions from the fine arts. Small pen/ink sketches work best for our production. Photographers and artists, please call the office at 774-8331 and ask for the Turtle Talk Editor. Footnote to the March article entitled "'fl fh' N!:'SCUE" by Bill Dunlop: II great-grand-daughter ofJoseph Okenotego called Turtle Talk and told us the name 'Okenotego' had died out through the years hut not his decendants, many of whom now use their ancestral middle name, 'Francis' as their modern surname. (Brought to our attention by Pamela Durant and Solomon Francis). �TURNER TALK TV Guide magazine recently gave a big cheer to Ted Turner and the Turner Broadcasting System, for a $30 million commitment to programming about Native Americans. "The Native Americans: Behind the Legends, /3eyond the Myths wi!l utilize the talents of noted American Indians and producers such as Francis Ford Coppola and Norman jewison, not to mention Turner's wife, Jane Fonda, in the production of original films for TNT, a documentary series on TBS, news specials on CNN, and a book from Turner Publishing. The plans, announced early in December by chairman Ted Turner, are "a guilt trip to some degree," according to Turner. He said the projects developed from his own interest in Native American history. The first movie, "The Broken Chain, is about the Iroquois Confederacy, and will air in October of 1993. A six-hour documentary exploring history is entitled, 'The Native Americans. Cable channel CNN will also produce a 20-part series of reports on American Indian life today, called the "Invisible People," with a companion book to the series called "Indian Country. The media mogul says he doesn't expect to profit from his multimedia initiative, but the rest of the country certainly will when his plans regarding the neglected history of the first Americans come to fruition. Meanwhile, Mr. Turner's Atlanta baseball team will not change its name, according to a New York Times story: "for the most part, I haven't heard that any one really has a problem with the name Braves." 11 11 11 11 THE CAMPBELL.TAPES American Public Radio will distribute an hour-long special on Ben Nighthorse Campbell, the Native American Senator from Colorado. Hosted by Gary Fife, producer/host of National Native News, the program will provide insights on the political career and personal side of Campbell, who has served three terms in the United States House of Representatives. The special is produced by Alaska Public Radio network in Anchorage. GREENE GROWING Busy actor Graham Greene has not let the grass grow under his feet since his remarkable success in Dances With Wolves and 7bunderheart. Greene, a full-blood Oneida who lives in his native Canada, just finished a made-for-TV movie for the Turner Network called Cooperstown. Next up are movie projects Benefit of a Doubt, for Miramax; Medicine River, for the Canadian Broadcasting Corp.; and Pioneers, a TV pilot of which he's the star and associate producer. Greene fans can catch an earlier performance in a Canadian movie called Clear Cut. In between movie projects, Greene can be seen as a semi-regular character on Monday night TV in "Northern Exposure." MEDICAL MISCELLANY • According to a study published in the Archives of Internal Medicine, the riskiest age for weight gain is between 25 and 34. Among the 10,000 participants in the study, the biggest weight-gainers were women who were overweight at the beginning of the study. The authors of the study recommended that people in their 20's and 30's step up their exercise programs and pay closer attention to their dietary intake. • If you've decided to reap the health benefits of bran, introduce it to your system slowly. If you cat too much bran at first, you may develop nausea, vomiting or abdominal pain. Best bet: get your bran from several sources such as fruits, vegetables and grains, and slmvly increase your total bran intake over a period of one or two months. • Don't eat food from a can if the seal is broken, the ends bulge, a seam is dented, the label is soiled, the can leaks or is rusty, or the food spurts out or smells bad when you open the can. The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council • 11 �APRIL POW WOW DATES April 3 & 4 5th Annual Central Michigan University Pow Wow Mt. Pleasant, MI Call (517) 772-5700. April 3 5th Annual University of Notre Dame Pow Wow fort Wayne, IN Call (219) 283-1879. April 4 DAYUGHT SAVINGS TIME - set clocks to "Spring Ahead" one hour. April6 FULL MOON April 17 & 18 21st Annual University of Michigan Pow Wow Ann Arbor, MI Call (313) 763-9044. April 23 & 2/i Gathering of Nations Pow Wow - University ofNew Mexico Albuquerque, NM North America's Largest. Call (505) 836-2810. April 24 Annual American Indian Festival & Pow Wow Algonac, Ml Call (313) 984-3101 or (313) 256-1633. April 24 & 25 American Indian Council 2nd Annual Traditional Spring Pow Wow Indianapolis, IN Call (317) 773-4233. PLAN AHEAD: "HOMECOMING OF THE THlrnE FIRES,, POW WOW, GRAND RAPIDS RIVERSIDE PARK, JUNE 12 & 13. Non Profit Org. U.S. Postage Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council 45 Lexington, NW, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49504 PAID • Permit No. 690 Grand Rapids, Ml Library l Grand Valley State Univ Allendale Ml 49401 · A Service of l'his newsletter is funded in part by United Way, Office of Substance Abuse Services, Community Mental Health, and private donations. e ullited Way � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_turtle-talk_v31993-04 Title A name given to the resource Turtle Talk, Volume 3, April 1993 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1993-04 Description An account of the resource April 1993 (volume 3) issue of Turtle Talk by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Barber, Marcia (Editor) Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/799cde704207bc5abefd6308910770c9.pdf ec08d06984fd26ee42ccb5ffdb76d11f PDF Text Text TurtleTalk Volume .~ Number-+ Grand Rapids Intn-Trihal Council May 199:) MELDING WESTERN MEDICINE and TRADITIONAL HEALING by Nancy Butterfield Native American News Seroice The health of American Indians has suffered in direct relationship to their forced assimilation into mainstream American society and loss of their heritage, some leaders of the Association of American Indian Physicians (AAIP) believe. "We've gone through a long period of time being told the way for us to become healthy was to become non-Indian," said Gerald Hill, MD, director of the Center of American Indian and Minority Health for the University of Minnesota School of Medicine in Duluth. "All of the government policies over the years, from removal to termination and relocation, have been designed to 'help' us by making us become less Indian," said Hill, a Klamath/Paiute. "But I truly believe that to be healthy, we have to become more Indian, and the more Indian we are, the more healthy we are going to be." Hill is one of a growing number of American Indian physicians and other Indian health-care activists who are bringing together Western medicine and the work of traditional Indian healers to more effectively deliver health care to American Indians. And that marriage of Western and Native concepts has come directly out of the experiences of Indian physicians themselves. "I was an Indian before I became a physician," said Dr. David Baines, immediate past president of AAIP. "I had to learn to meld the concepts of being a Western physician with being an Indian who has traditional beliefs regarding spirituality and health. When I was in my second year of medical school, I felt like I was losing my identity," said Baines, a Tlingit/Tsimshian who now is in family practice at the clinic in rural Idaho. "The traditional people helped me through that crisis with the sweat lodge and other ceremonies, and I have always retained an important place in my life for our traditions." Wholeness. All things are interrelated. Everything in the universe is a part ofa single whole. Everything is connected in some way to everything else. To truely understand something one needs to understand first bow it is connected to everything else. Continued on page 3 �Boo·Shoo! May is the month in which Mother's Day is celebrated. There is a common belief that American Indians treated women as servants under the system prior to white people arriving on this continent. Quite the contrary is true! Actually many tribes were matriarchal in nature. Mothers played an important role in American Indian society. In modem times, Native American mothers still are honored for their dedication to family. Mothers have much influence in decisions relating to the family unit. Newsweek magazine featured a cover story last month on "white male parano.ia." I was shocked to read that white males feel threatened by the advancements in recent years by women and minorities across America - since white males have had control for the past five hundred years! There has never been a woman or minority president of the United States, and white males control the majority of this country's social and legal institutions. White men get real nervous about affirmative action programs because they challenge the status quo; we as American Indian people need to make our support of affirmative measures known to the community. The struggle continues! On May 11, 1993, 6:00 p.m., there will be an Open House at our monthly potluck at the Council at 45 Lexington, N.W. At the open house the Council will be displaying articles made by the Young Eagles and Vision Seekers during this past school year. Some of the items to be shown will be Indian baskets and moccasins. Plan now to attend with your entire family to support our Indian youth. On June 19, 1993 we will be holding a golf outing as a fundraiser for the Council. This golf outing will be held at Monterey Pines in Dorr, Michigan, which is just south of Grand Rapids. Call Denise Skorka for more information at 774-8831. Remember the 14th Annual "Homecoming of the Three Fires" Pow wow on June 12-13 at Riverside Park in Grand Rapids. Volunteers are still needed. This year's pow wow is going to be bigger and more exciting than ever. Plan to attend. Levi A. Rickert, Executive Director 2 • The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council GRITC BOARD OF DIRECTORS John Hutchinson - Aeling President Andra .Robinson - Treasurer Loretta Antoine - Secretary Board Members Roger Williams Jeanne Harding Mary Roberts Bill Dunlop Rita Blumke Staff Levi A. Rickert - Executive Director Marcia L. Blacklidge - Human Services Director Jeff Justin - Business Manager Human Services Hunter Genia Kristie Pagel Loretta Yount Carolyn Ogilvie-Cohen Lew Burrows Cindy Pigeon Support Denise Skorka - Secretary Chris Shomin - Accounting Clerk Susan Ives - Intake Facilitator Diane Laureaux - Prevention Bill Dunlop - Seniors Contacts Turtle Talk Marcia E. Barber - Editor Two eagles Marcus - Layout Michael Vanderwall - Graphics Advisor iii Turtle Talk's mission is to provide its .!!, readreship with reports of local and national interest which may affect and impact our Native American community. Turtle Talk welcomes submissions of announcements, articles, poems relative to issues relating to American Indians. All submissions must be accompanied by a signed name and address of the author. Please understand that space may be limited, due to the requirements of our funding source that 50% of the newsletter content be healthrelated. Deadline for submissions is the first of the week of each month for the upcoming month's issue. Turtle Talk is published monthly by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council, 45 Lexington Avenue NW, Grand Rapids, MI 49504. Phone (616) 774-8331, Fax (616) 774-2810. �(Continuedfrompage 1) Baines and other AAIP leaders are presenting cross-cultural workshops to help physicians and other health care professionals better understand the holistic philosophies of traditional Native healers, and to feel more comfortable working alongside them. "It's not a question of educating the medicine men about doctors," said Hill. "Medicine men know we're all working to help people. The resistance is coming from Western medicine." The approach is used not only to help nonlndian physicians better understand their Indian patients, but also to assist Native American doctors in strengthening their identities as American Indian physicians. Roger Grey Eyes, a Navajo physician active in AAIP, said that what he has learned from traditional healers has helped him to be a better doctor. "I have turned to our spiritual people to teach me about the natural order of the universe," Grey Eyes said. "Once I began to work with their teachings, I felt more at ease and more humble - not as arrogant." When Indian physicians return to their medical practices, they play an important role in bridging the chasm between Indian people and Western medical care. Some Indian Health Service facilities also have begun to respond to efforts by Indian health care activists to accord more respect to the culture and beliefs of patients. In facilities where traditional practices are welcomed, the results speak volumes about the value of bringing together the two systems of healing. "Our people looked at hospitals as a place to die," said Mary Mitchell, a Navajo nurse who now lives in the Pacific Northwest. She recently returned to her home in Chinle, Arizona when her elderly father had to be hospitalized for a serious illness, and was surprised to find the dramatic changes in the way medical care was provided at the Indian Health Services Hospital. "It was a wonderful experience for my dad," she said. "The medicine men came in to sing and pray with him before his surgery. His spiritual needs were being met. And he was able to go home in four days. "Our people no longer look on hospitals as a place to die." • There are four dimensions of "true learning". These four aspects of our nature are reflected in the four cardinal points of the medicine wheel. It cannot be said that a person bas totally learned in a whole and balanced manner unless all four dimensions of their being have been involved in the process. i The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council • 3 �NATIVE AMERICAN MEDICAL STUDENTS FACE UNIQUE CHALLENGES by Nancy Butterfield, Native American News Seroice The challenges faced by medical students as they travel the arduous path to an MD degree are well known; long hours of study, rigorous academic standards and personal sacrific: are ci~cu~tances that medical students must be prepared to face without flmchmg. But for the 242 American Indians currently studying to be physicians in the U.S., the obstacles can be even more formidable. Many Native American medical students are the first members of their families to graduate from high school, much less from college. A majority come from low-income families and receive no financial support from parents. On average, they are several years older tha.n their white counterparts, and many are single parents with young children to care for. But all have felt a special calling to be doctors, and the majority of Indian medical students plan to practice medicine in their home communities. Norma Blackwater, a 34-year old Navajo woman in her third year at University of North Dakota School of Medicine, said she came from a family of traditional healers. As a teenager, she took on the role of go-between for family members who needed medical care, and became fascinated with the way they were able to combine Western medical treatment with Navajo healing practices. Later, while she was teaching high school biology and chemistry in Los Angeles School District, Blackwater said, it was her students who persuaded her to study medicine. "My students told me, 'you're always telling us how to take care of ourselves - you should be a doctor.' and that's when I started to think about it very seriously." Many Native medical students encounter cultural conflicts during their study, particularly in the first year. Several students said they experienced spiritual disturbances connected with dissecting cadavers in anatomy courses, and some consulted with tribal spiritual leaders to learn to adjust to this aspect of their study. Native American students also often have to deal with racism, usually in subtle forms, and for females, sexism that is not so sub~~­ Blackwater said she left the University of Michigan School of Med1cme a few months after a male professor there refused to help her pass a 4 • The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Cou'ncil I also have people asking me what I'm going to do when I have to choose between a family and a career. I don't think anybody ever asks male students that question." course. "He said ' 'You're failing this class. You're female, you're Indian, what are you doing here? You should be home making babies,' she recalls. It took her a long time to report his comments to school officials. "I guess it's that boarding school mentality that I inherited from my folks " she said. "You don't say anything ' - you just accept it. We have to learn to speak up for ourselves. I also have people asking me what I'm going to do when I have to choose between a family and a career. I don't think anybody ever asks male students that question." The Association of American Indian Physicians (AAIP) and its student counterpart, the Association of Native American Medical Students (ANAMS) play a crucial role in supporting Indians studying medicine and other allied health professions, including dentistry, veterinary medicine, optometry, podiatry and pharmacy. �NOW HEAR THIS May is Better Hearing Month: Hearing loss comes on slowly, painlessly and imperceptibly in most people, until one day they suddenly notice they can't hear conversations or sounds as well as they once did. America's noise levels have been creeping upward in much the same fashion: from loud appliances to amplified music to the general din of modern life, experts estimate that 20 million men, women and children in the U.S. are now exposed to dangerous levels of sound every day. Audiologists are especially concerned because hearing damage is cropping up among children. People used to develop noise-induced hearing loss between the ages of 40 and 50; but today many doctors are seeing teenagers with impaired hearing. Loud noise wears down the delicate hair cells in the inner ear, which translate sound into nerve impulses. If the noise is really high, as in an explosion, it can destroy the hair cells outright. At slightly lower levels - a rock concert, for instance, or a noisy industrial job - the damage is biochemical and the destruction is slow but steady. Occasional exposure to this type of noise isn't bad, but if it happens over and over again, permanent damage can occur. The danger zone begins at 80 to 85 decibels (dB) - the volume of a mini-bike or a rattling sink garbage disposal. People should limit their exposure to continuous sounds louder than this, or wear protective devices (ear plugs, etc.). It's Tough On Nerves, Too: Common sources of dangerous noise include: FIREARMS JET ENGINES ROCK CONCERTS AMPUFIED CAR STEREOS 140 to 170 DB 140 DB 90TO130 DB 115 DB AT FULL VOLUME PORTABLE STEREOS (WALKMAN, ETC) 115 DB AT FULL VOLUME POWER MOWERS JACKHAMMERS SUBWAY TRAINS VIDEO ARCADES FREEWAY DRIVING IN A CONVERTIBLE POWER SAWS ELECTRIC RAZORS CROWDED SCHOOL BUS SCHOOL RECESS /ASSEMBLY 105 DB 100 DB 100DB 100 DB 95 DB 95 DB 85 DB 85 DB 85 DB Even before noise gets loud enough to cause hearing damage, it can evoke a nervous reaction that hurts your body and mind in other ways. People who work in noisy factories or who live on heavily trafficked streets or under the flight path of jet airplanes run an increased risk of high blood pressure, heart disease, ulcers and headaches. Studies indicate noise can also impair prenatal development. Some research even suggests that people who live near large airports are more likely to be hospitalized for psychiatric illness and have a higher suicide rate. Noise makes people less humane as well. There's evidence that people who are already angry become even more aggressive when exposed to loud noise. The cries of a baby, intended by nature as a call for help, can be another source of stress for harried parents and may sometimes trigger child abuse. If we can possibly learn to live more quietly, doctors believe we might even avoid the "natural" hearing impairment that comes with age. When scientists examined a group of people living in the Sudan under Stone Age conditions not long ago, they discovered virtually no deterioration in the hearing of elderly tribe members. . From American Health Magazine, January/February 1992 The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council • 5 �STRESS SAVERS Under S'ress? You Can Get It Under Control! Stress and your blood pressure: Is there a link between stress and high blood pressure? Effects may vary, but when you're under stress, your mind and body go into high gear. Repeated stress and tension ovr time appear to contribute to an increase in blood pressure in some people. Your Stress Is Your Own Do you feel under stress? Then you are. Someone may tell you, "You don't have any big problems. You shouldn't fecl under stress." The fact is, if you feel under stress, you are. Stress, like any feeling, is very personal. How Does Stress Feel To Sara Kmpp shows her talents. You? Physical symptoms - like upset stomach, loss of appetite, overeating, chronic headache, insomnia, rashes, rapid heartbeat - are signs of stress. Some feelings can be, too. Do you have any of the ones listed below? • tense • anxious • harried • apathetic • hurried • tired • depressed • irritable • uptight • flustered • overworked • worn out • worried • frazzled • panicked • frustrated • pressured • wound up Ways To Deal Better With Stress In Your Life Ease on down the road. Do you rush through each day trying to meet impos~ible deadlin~s: :ou may help lower your stress by better managing your tune. Be realistic m your goals, and establish priorities. Try using "to do" lists as an aid to organizing your time. Schedule time each day to relax even if it's only a short time. ' 6 • The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Grace Peters worked with the Young Eagles to create beautiful black ash baskets. Take A Mental Vacation Sit or lie down where you can be quiet and alone. Cfose your eyes. Imagine a restful place, a favorite room, a place at the shore or mountains. Or simply focus on a word or phrase such as "I am calm." If your thoughts wander, don't get too upset. Just refocus. Try doing this twice a day, 20 minutes at a time. Sing, Dance, Exercise Stress Away Exercise can help you deal with stress. Walking, dancing, swimming, are all good. Check with your doctor before starting an exercise program. And keep getting regular blood pressure checks. �YOUR MENTAL HEALTH May is Mental Health Month: According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, "Health for the Nation - 2, 000," Native American people are at unusually high risk for developing mental illnesses compared to the overall U.S. population. However, there are steps an individual can take to promote positive mental health. Mental health can be created and enhanced through what we take into and put out of ourselves. Things to take in: • • • • • • • wholesome nutrient dense foods that are low in fat and rich in vitamins, carbohydrates and fiber; awareness of others, their needs, their dreams, their problems, and their human worth; spirituality; healthy, enjoyable exercise; sensory stimulations of a positive nature; awareness and acceptance of ourselves as worthwhile and unique; the love of our families and children. Things to put out: • • • • vices, including gossip, excessive anger and malice, and pessimism; overblown self-interest; prejudice; toxins, including excessive alcohol use, drugs and junk food. KENT COUNTY HEALTH DEPARTMENT Medical Alert: Are Your Children Protected? Immunizations can protect your child against serious, even life-threatening childhood diseases. Proper immunization is a parent's best defense against contagious diseases such as diptheria, pertussis (whooping cough), tetanus, polio, measles, mumps, rhumatic fever, and haemophilus influenza. Kent County Health Department is offering free immunizations against these devistating diseases at their office at 700 Fuller NE (near Leonard) and at other local area clinics. Clinic hours are Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday and Friday from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm, and Thursday from 1:00 pm to 4:00 pm. Don't wait until your child is ready for day care or kindergarten. These immunizations should be given on a planned schedule,From age 2 months to 4-6 years. But even if you have waited, it's not too late to protect your child. For more information, call 774-3029. The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council • 7 �LEONA'S CANE by Bill Dunlop Anong other talents, Solomon Francis was an excellent woodworker. His daughter Leona needed a cane, so Solomon went into the woods and found a tree branch roughly resembling a cane. From this he made Leona a work of art in the form of a cane. With a red-hot iron, he burned designs and these words in the Indian language: SIM-QUE-SANCE LYONE (my little girl Leona) and SIM-DA-NIS TOP-TA WIN (this is her cane) Then he painted it in a shiny lacquer. But Leona had a heart attack and died before Solomon could give her the cane. So even in his grief, he burned Leona's birthday and date of death beneath her name. Years later, my own daughter Donna and I were looking for bargains at a yard sale. Donna called to me and asked, "Isn't this writing in Indian?" She had come across Leona's cane among the many things for sale. Donna quickly recognized it as a work of Solomon Francis. She was raised in Good Hart, where Solomon spent his whole life, and she had seen his work many times. I asked the lady running the yard sale where she had found the cane. She told us her husband bOught it from "a disheveled little man on Division Avenue, for a dollar." She added her husband didn't need a cane, but thought he would help the little man by buying it. Of course we quickly bought the cane, and planned to return it to one of Solomon and Leona's relatives. In a recent issue of Turtle Talk, I wrote of a daring rescue on Lake Michigan by two Indians: Kishigobinessi and Okenotego. I said then that Okenotego's relatives were unknown. Then Pamela Burton called the newsletter and said she was married to one of Okenotego's descendants. She also informed us that Solomon Francis' father had dropped the name Okenotego because white people had such a hard time prounouncing and writing it. His real full name was Solomon Francis Okenotego. Shortly thereafter, Pamela came to GRITC's office, bringing a young Marine with her. We learned he is Solomon's great-grandson, and he became the new owner of the beautiful work of art. Leona's cane had found it's way back home. 8 •The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council • �MAY Moon when the ponies shed (Sioux) Mulberry moon (Creek) Moon when the little flowers die (Osage) Moon when the horses get fat (Cheyenne) Hoeing-corn moon (Winnebago) MAY 9 IS MOTHERS' DAY MAY BffiTIIDAYS Issac McCann Larry Shananaquet, Jr. Rita Wemigwanis William Shananaquet Linda Holt Dave Shananaquet Billie Jean Sams Roger Martel, Jr. Mike Denhof Jimmy Bush, Jr. Jordan Shomin Paul Hart Rocky Russell Gus Day Paul Jackson Kitt Pigeon Liz Wesaw Charlie Anderson Qumbo) Misheka Lloyd Dave Pierce Selina Gibbs Mary Shananaquet Chris Shomin Denise Skorka Toni Leaureaux Kari Sprague Leah Denhof Edward Sheman, Jr. Paul Shomin Ivanna Swainston Dave Fox John Crampton Dennis Resterhouse Jim Braddock Sue Barz Child Development Center For children 6 weeks to School age An innovative intergenerational concept in child care located on the campus of Porter Hills Presbyterian Village, located et 3600 E. Fulton, in Grand Rapids. Now accepting applications for enrollment! For information, please contact Sandy TenHagen at 940-4049. • °"'1ed By: POiler Hils Presbylerian Village •Managed By: The Grand Rapid& Metro. YMCA/ Soulleast B<anch • nnancial "'"1stance is Available. MICHIGAN INDIAN EMPLOYMENT & TRAINING SERVICES, INC. Region Ill 2 Fountain Place 60 N. Division Grand Rapids, Ml 49503 ACTIVITIES &SERVICES Career Guidance: A para-professional COlllseling service to help applicants assume responsilility for making career plans and decisions. Job Referral: Qualified applicants are referred to employment after they have demonstrated they possess the required skills or abilities to do the job. Classroom Training: Assistance is provided in obtaining a GED or high school diploma. Work Experience: A short·term employment program for adults and youth over 14 years to develop basic working sk~ls and provide job training in specific areas. Call: (616) 451-1920 The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council • 9 �Salute to the Graduates: SPECIAL MAY POTLUCK • Young Eagles Featured: On Tuesday, May 11 our monthly community potluck will have some very special additions. Over the past months, the Young Eagles have created some beautiful projects - moccasins, woven baskets, paintings, medicine pouches, self-portraits, plants and keychains. Their arts will be on display for our community to admire. That evening, we will also be doing photography for an article in Cosmopolitan Home magazine. Food Editor Nancy Banaitis has asked members of the community to create recipes for an article on Native American foods. Highlighting traditional ingredients, the dishes include corn soup, fry bread with currant jam, salmon, rabbit, parsnips, and a sassafras tea. Project coordinator is Cindy Pigeon. College Experience for Native American Students: On June 23 and 24, the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council and Grand Valley State University will be hosting a College Overnight Experience. This event is specially planned for those high school students who are interested in attending college after completion of high school. What is the cost to me? There is no fee for attending, and your meals and transportation will be provided. If you are interested in attending college, come and look forward to a good time. What am I going to be doing? We have plans for Native American speakers, fieldhouse and recreation activities, campus tour and more. How do I sign up? You have to hurry because there are limited spaces available and there are forms that neeGl to be filled out it's on a first come basis. The last day to sign up ' will be June 1st. For more information contact Hunter Genia at 774-8331. Baskets Created: On two Mondays in March, the Young Eagles (grades 3-6) were honored with a visit from the Pigeon family: John, Olive, Cindy, and Master Basket Weaver Edmund. They came to share the art and beauty of basket making with the group, who then created their own baskets - 22 in all. Also assisting were premier basket-maker Grace Peters, and her grandson David Sinclair. The materials were generously prepared ahead of time and donated by the Pigeon family. The group enjoyed the project so much, they would now like tq take a trip to the woods to see how the black ash trees are harvested and prepared for basketrnaking. 10 •The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Call or write Turtle Talk with the names of all 1993 graduates (any age!), list the name of their school and grade or degree, also list any special awards, honors or recognition. Anishnabe A.A. : Open Alcoholics Anonymous meetings are held every Monday and Wednesday evenings at GRITC (usually in the conference room) from 6:00 to 7:00 pm. Coffee is available, and speakers frequently visit. Everyone is welcome. AHention Golfers: The first George Martin Golf Classic will be held June 19th at Monterey Pines in Dorr. Proceeds benefit the Grand Rapids InterTribal Council. Cash prizes include: first/last place - $200; long drive - $50; long putt - $50; closest to pin - $50. Entry fee is $65 per player. For more information, call Denise at 774-8331. AHention Bo-wlers: The Annual Westgate Bowling Tournament will be held on Saturday, May 8 at the Westgate Bowl, 4486 Alpine NW in Comstock Park. Squads start at 11:30 and 2:30 pm, and a banquet will follow the tournament. Cost is $25 per person, $100 per team. For more information, call Chuck Shananaquet at 241-3164. Register Tapes: Do you shop at D & W and Meijer? When you do, please save your cash register tapes and send them to us. We turn them in for credits toward our programs, including the Young Eagles. Annual Indian Cemetery Clean-Up: May 21 and 22 are set aside for the Annual Indian Cemetery Clean-Up at the Elbridge Indian Cemetery, St. Joseph's Catholic Church, Elbridge. On Friday only, an Indian Health Fair and Health Screening will be held at the church. Everyone is welcome. For more information, call (616) 724-4410. Building Mural Proiect: Turtle Talk's graphic designer, Ben two eagles Marcus, has been selected to design a mural for the maintenance building at the public park on the corner of Strait and Wilson, NW. The building had been defaced with graffiti by neighborhood youth. The John Ball Park Association which launched the project, hopes that by creating a mural on the building and enlisting the talents of all the neighborhood youth to paint it, everyone will take pride in their park, and protect it from damage. The design will be transferred to the building in outline form, and the kids will "paint-by-number" to create the mural. The theme of the art is the Native American heritage of the West Side. It is believed an Indian campground was once on this site. �Muskegon Correctional Facility Request: Chaplain Brander and the staff are looking for elders, spiritual leaders and traditional people to come to Muskegon Correctional Facility on occasion and spend time with the Indian prisoners. Anyone interested in volunteering their time, please contact Chaplain Brander at (616) 773-1122. If you would like to contribute to the prisoners' religious practices by donating sweetgrass, sage, tobacco, cloth or ribbon, please call (616) 744-4167. Michigan Indian Press: Call or write for an updated price list of the books and materials available through our Michigan Indian Press: (616) 774-8331. MIP, 45 Lexington NW, Grand Rapids MI 49504. ' r----------, I I I I I (~~ ~f l~( l~lll I I I I I 15% DISCOUNT WITH THIS AD! 6501 South Division Grand Rapids, Michigan 49548 Phone: (616) 281-3640 • Indian Jewelry • lndlan Moccasins • • Custom Jewelry • Sliver Repairs • L----------.J QUALITY NATIVE AMERICAN CRAFTS TURTLE TALK INFORMATION A one year subscription to Turtle Talk is $5 (Bronze Givers), additional contributions of $10 (Silver Givers) or $15 (Gold Givers) are greatly appreciated. Your tax-deductible contributions will help develop Turtle Talk into a bigger and better source of news and entertainment, and keep you informed of happenings in our Anishnabe community. Advertising Rates Full Page: $100/month Half Page: $50/month Quarter Page: $25/month Business Card: $ 1 5 I month A 5% discount is offered for a one-year contract, prepaid. We can also offer graphics assistance in design and layout. Call the office at 774-8331. NewSubscribers/Supporters End of the Trail Barb Gibault Lew Burrows Thomas Schmiedeknecht Madeleine Noble Jim Braddock MEGWETCH! GRAY WIND NATIVE AMERICAN OWNED 1117 BURTON SW, WYOMING, Ml 49509 G.R.l.T.C. BOARD ELECTIONS (616) 243-0003 INFANT, CHILDREN'S & ADULT MINNETONKA MOCCASINS $13.00 &UP GIVE AMERICAN MADE GIFTSI MAIL ORDERS WELCOME CHECKS OR MONEY ORDER -Jo;~~ SPECIAL WHOLESALE PRICES ON GLASS & PLASTIC ~ ~ GLA~S~~Pe~DS ~ \57 ~ 50/$1.15 100/$2.10 \!\I GLASS SEED BEADS $1.69/HANK 9~ Elections will be held on May 27th at the office, 45 Lexington NW, at 6:00 pm, for Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council's Board of Directors. GRITC is seeking 4 Board positions for a two-year term. Dedicated people willing to give of their time and expertise are urged to participate in this active organization. Requirements are: Native Americans who can attend each monthly meeting throughout the year, and participate in one of the Board's committees: Program, Finance, and Personnel. Nomination forms available at the Council office, contact Levi Rickert at 774-8331. PLASTIC PONY BEADS 100/$1.00 The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council • 11 �MAY POW WOW DATES May 1 & 2 Kateri Tekakwitha Circle Powwow Detroit, MI Traders Welcome, Call (313) 548-9068. May 15 & 16 Cleveland American Indian Inter-Tribal Assoc. Traditional Pow Wow Cleveland, OH Call (216) 881-9811. May 20 1993 Senior Power Day Mich. Services to Aging Lansing, MI Call (517) 482-4725. May 20 Michigan Commission on Indian Affairs Meeting Watersmeet, MI Call (517) 373-0654. May 21 & 22 Annual Indian Cemetery Clean-Up St. Joseph's Catholic Church Elbridge, MI Call (616) 724-4410. May 21 - 23 3rd Annual Giss I Was Creek Indian Pow Wow Marion, MI Call (616) 878-9443. May 22 & 23 5th Annual First People's International Trade Expo and Pow Wow Warren, MI S.E. Mich. Indians, Inc. Call (313) 756-1350. May 28 & 29 2nd Annual Traditional Pow Wow - United Tribes Hart, MI Call (616) 873-5887. May 31 MEMORIAL DAY 14th ANNUAL "HOMECOMING OF THE THREE FIRES" TRADITIONAL POW WOW, GRAND RAPIDS RIVERSIDE PARK, JUNE 12 & 13. Non Profit Org. U.S. Postage PAID Permit No. 690 Grand Rapids, Ml Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council 451.exington, NW, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49504 • Library Grand Valley State Univ. Allendale Ml 49401 A Service of ~ Ibis . :S funded in part by United Way, Office of Substance Abuse Seroices, Comr. . ital Health, and private donations. • uf!lit;ed way � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_turtle-talk_v31993-05 Title A name given to the resource Turtle Talk, Volume 3, May 1993 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1993-05 Description An account of the resource May 1993 (volume 3) issue of Turtle Talk by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Barber, Marcia (Editor) Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/ffac2f859cca66617b9fa42434882a1a.pdf dcb001650cc134f42376d0238d544aaa PDF Text Text TurtleTalk Volume 3 Number 6 Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council June 1993 1 993 HOMECOMING OF THE THREE FIRES Join us Saturday and Sunday, June 12 and 13, for the 14th Annual Homecoming of the Three Fires Traditional Pow Wow. This popular gathering will again be held at Comstock Riverside Park, at the Pavilion site along the Grand River. Last year over 20,000 spectators attended the event and more are expected this year. Traders of art, crafts and a variety of foods have booked their spaces. This year we are asking for donations of $2 or more which includes a souvenir program. The Pow Wow has historical, spiritual, and social value to American Indians. Often it brings together families who may live apart throughout the year. It is also a chance to demonstrate and display artistic ability with many arts and crafts common to Native peoples. Pow Wows are more than social events. They are a time of learning and carrying on rich cultural heritage. For some Native people the Pow Wow is the first expression of our culture they have had contact with in many years. There is a spiritual significance in the dances, songs, customs observed, and even preparations for the event. The Pow Wow provides an opportunity for our young to learn from our elders and carry on traditions. In Michigan alone, over 20 Pow Wows are hosted by Native groups and communities throughout the year, with at least that number in Wisconsin, Minnesota and Ontario. Many families travel from place to place for these events. This has established inter-tribal friendships throughout the Great Lakes. An important duty prior to the gathering is purification of the grounds where the event will be held. This is to insure that only good thoughts will occur there, and everyone will have a good time. Once the ground is purified it is considered sacred, and everyone is asked to keep it as clean as possible. No drugs or alchohol are allowed on the Pow Wow grounds. Morning prayers are offered at a sunrise service the morning of the event. (continued on page 4) �June 1993 Boo-Shoo! June is a busy month for the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council. There are several fund-raisers planned for the month. The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council and acclaimed artist Paul Collins cordially invite you to an American Indian Art Show and Auction celebrating Great Lakes Native American Art at Bridgewater Place, 333 Bridge Street, N.W., Grand Rapids, on Friday, June 11, 1993 at 6:00 p.m. The art show will feature art by C. Marcus Stone and other various American Indian artists from around the State of Michigan. Food is included in the admission price; the price of admission is $15. Also, featured at the art show and auction will be American Indian drumming and dancing. It's Pow Wow time once again! American Indians enjoy Pow Wows because they provide us times of celebration through dancing, eating, and socializing with family and friends. This year's 14th Annual "Homecoming of the Three Fires" Pow Wow, June 12 and 13 at Riverside Park, Grand Rapids, has been in the planning stage for months. The Pow Wow Committee has worked tirelessly planning every detail of the event in order to make it more successful than last year's. Special "megwetches" to Loretta Antoine and the Committee. This year the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council's Young Eagles will - have a food booth at the Pow Wow - selling hot dogs, sloppy joes, potato chips, and soft drinks. Please come and support this venture of the Young fagles. Attention Golfers - On Saturday, June 19, 1993, the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council is sponsoring a golf open. The George Martin Golf Open will be held at the Monterey Golf Course at Dorr, Michigan. Tee-off time is 9:00 a.m. Call Denise Skorka at the Council for more information, 774-8331. Please join us at the above events. The Council was saddened by the news of the death of John Chivis, 42, on April 30, 1993. Mr. Chivis was a friend of the GRITC Board, staff, and many members of the American Indian community. Mr. Chivis was the Tribal Secretary of the Nottawasippe Huron Band of Potawatomies who are seeking federal recognition. John had tenacity and a strong eye for detail. He and other members of the tribe worked very diligently for tribal recognition. His efforts for the tribe were an inspiration for all Indians. At the time of his passing, John was one of the main organizers of the GRITC golf outing which will be held in June of this year. John's presence shall be missed. Levi A. Rickert Executive Director 2 • The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council GRITC BOARD OF DIRECTORS John Hutchinson - Acting President Andra Robinson - Treasurer Loretta Antoine - Secretary Board Members Roger Williams Jeanne Harding Mary Roberts Bill Dunlop Rita Blumke Rosie Holmberg Staff Levi A. Rickert - F.xecutive Director Jeff Justin - Business Manager Human Services Hunter Genia Kristie Pagel Loretta Yount Carolyn Ogilvie-Cohen Lew Burrows Cindy Pigeon Support Denise Skorka - Secretary Chris Shomin - Accounting Clerk Susan Ives - Intake Facilitator Diane Laureaux - Prevention Bill Dunlop - Seniors Contacts Turtle Talk Marcia E. Barber - Editor Two eagles Marcus - Layout Michael Vanderwall - Graphics Advisor iii' Turtle Ta/k's mission is to provide its readership with reports of local and national interest which may affect and impact our Native American community. Turtle Talk welcomes submissions of announcements, articles, poems relative to issues relating to American Indians. All submissions must be accompanied by a signed name and address of the author. Please understand that space may be limited, due to the requirements of our funding source that 50% of the newsletter content be healthrelated. Deadline for submissions is the first of the week of each month for the upcoming month's issue. Turth! Talk is published monthly by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council, 45 Lexington Avenue NW, Grand Rapids, MI 49504. Phone (616) 774-8331, Fax (616) 774-2810. ~ �LETTER TO THE EDITOR: Tbis is in regards to letting the non-native traders sell Anisbnabe goods at the GRITCJune Pow Wow. I don't want to sound prejudicial to anyone in particular, but the nature of our gatherings should be for our Anisbnabe people. And as for the non-native people, they should use these gatherings as an educational tool to learn from us, not as an opportunity to make money. In this day and age, I feel there is too much "hobbyist" and pseudo-Indian activity up and coming for our people. Initially the Pow Wow committee, with the backing of the GRITC Board of Directors, bad approved that all traders be Anisbnabe and sell authentic native goods at this year's Homecoming of the Tbree Fires. However, after pressure from a non-native trader, with the support of a few native f amities, some of the Pow Wow committee and members of the Board reversed their decision on this matter. Tbe committee and Board of Directors should not have bowed down to pressure from first a non-Anisbnabe trader, then second from a few Anisbnabe families . Tbis is not a racial issue, for I have non-Indian friends as well. Tbere used to be a time when certain protocol and etiquette bad to be followed rather than be self-inviting. Certainly we have protocol in taking a dancer's picture, videotaping a dance or recording a drnm 's song. Tbat same protocol and etiquette should be followed when wanting to participate as a trader, dancer or singer. just as the mascot issue or Crazy Horse malt liquor issue, this is insensitive, offensive and self-serving to many other Anisbnabe families or individuals. Tbere is a time and place for non-native participation, such as the Grand Valley Indian Lodge Pow Wow, or the Giss I Was Creek Pow Wow, and many others that can be named. Even our Pow Wow provides for Inter-Tribal dances. I realize there is a lot of public support for Pow Wows and that support is for Anishnabe people to come together, socialize, dance, eat, sing and just feel good about ourselves and who we are because we areAnisbnabe. I invite the public to come and enjoy our gathering as a student, observer and supporter of our ways and people, for this is not the issue. Let's not add a fourth fire to our confederacy called "wannabes. " Kchi-Meg-Wetch for listening. Respectfully yours, Larry Peshaba Moon of making fat (Sioux) Moon when the buffalo bulls hunt the cows (Omaha) Moon when the leaves are dark green (Tewa Pueblo) JUNE BIRTHDAVS Brandi Shomin Anthony Sams (Beak) Melinda Harmon Marcus Russell Virgil King Mable Ramos Jessica Valdez Shawn Day Ronald A. Boda Ollie Pierce Andrea Kaye Priest Rita Blumke Rose Shomin Billi Jo Russell Bill Shrubbe David Sams Cathy Rolan Mari Comer Kayle Crampton Karen Taylor Sue Maturcanich Fred Bell John Hart Joe Memberto Connie Cady Anna Ward Lisa Brummitt Kay Shagonaby Roseanne Martell Vicki Upton Terry Chivis William Jones Elizabeth Gibbs Bill Dunlop The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council • 3 �(continuedjrom cover) HEAD PARTICIPANTS Head Pow Wow people are selected for their knowledge, skill and ability to carry out their tasks. It is a great honor to be selected to one of these positions. Master of Ceremonies: John Bailey It is the responsibility of the MC to coordinate the Pow Wow activities and keep events running smoothly. All announcements, information and explanation of events are made by the MC. The MC must have knowledge of all the songs, dances, customs, culture, tribes, and general information about Pow Wows, as he is expected to explain all aspects of Pow Wow activities during the event. He must be "on stage" for the entire Pow Wow. Host Drum: Little Weasel Thundenhild Singers (Shingue-sase) The Host Drum consists of five or more male singers. The Host Drum leads off each of the Pow Wow's dance sessions with the Grand Entry Songs. They also provide any specialty songs requested, and are ready and capable of singing any song requested. A typical drum group may have a repertoire of hundreds of songs. Head Male Veteran Dancer: Simon Francis Head Female Veteran Dancer: Josie Walters The Head Veteran Dancer is one of the most important dancers in the Pow Wow. He or she carries the eagle feather staff during Grand Entry, and leads the rest of the dancers into the arena. The Head Veteran Dancer represents all Native Americans who have given their service and lives in defense of our country. Head Male Dancer: Tim Gibson Head Female Dancer: Mon·ee Chivis It is an honor to be chosen as a head dancer. Head dancers are chosen for their extensive knowledge of the cultural meaning and purpose of Pow Wows. Head dancers are very skilled in their style of dancing and set an example of proper Pow Wow etiquette by upholding the traditions passed down from our Native American ancestors. The Head Male Dancer follows the Head Veteran Dancer and the other flag bearers into the arena during Grand Entry, and is expected to lead off, with the Head Female Dancer, all Inter-Tribal and specialty dances throughout the Pow Wow. Arena Director: Larry Peshaba The Arena Director is often the busiest person at the Pow Wow. He is responsible for coordinating everything which will ensure the dancing proceeds smoothly. If any singer or dancer has a problem with an on-site deficiency, the arena director makes every effort to remedy the situation. He must make sure all the drummers and dancers have everything they need to participate in the Pow Wow. He coordinates the Grand Entries and specialty dances, and deals with anyone behaving inappropriately during the dancing or in the arena. 4 • The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council SCHEDULE OF EVENTS SATURDAY, JUNE 12 6:30 am Blessing of the Ground 9:30 am Breakfast for Participants 1:00 pm Grand Entry Flag Song Invocation Introductions Veterans' Song Inter-Tribal Dances Tree-Planting 2:30 Ceremony Specialty Dances Closing Ceremony 5:00 pm Dinner Break 5-7 pm Grand Entry 7:00 pm Flag Song Invocation Veterans' Song Inter-Tribal Dances Specialty Dances Closing 9:00 pm SUNDAY, JUNE I 3 9:30 am Breakfast for Participants 1:00 pm Grand Entry Flag Song Invocation Veterans' Song Inter-Tribal Dances Specialty Dances Give Away Pow Wow Committee Thank You 5:00 pm Closing �MORE TO SEE AND DO In addition to the drumming, singing and dancing, we are expecting Native American traders from around the country, selling a variety of arts. There will be traditional Pow Wow food such as fry bread, lemonade and corn soup, plus old favorites like hot dogs and soft drinks. Everyone is welcome to share in this community event. HOMECOMING OF THE THREE FIRES POW WOW COMMlnEE: Debbie Muller Loretta E. Yount Levi Rickert Alex Antoine Rick Sprague Christine Stone larry Peshaba Jeff Justin laura Powers Pam VanDyken Hunter Genia Carolyn Ogilvie-Cohen Loretta Antoine, Chair NATIVE AMERICAN, AFRICAN, & NEIGHBORHOOD ART THE ARTIFACTORY CONSIGNMENTS WELCOME 619 LY NE BE EN GRAND &U ION (61 ) 454-6344 *PAINT! S*PRINTS *SCULPTU *CARVING *JEWELRY*B~ •..,....---J EAT RIGHT••• FOR THE HEALTH OF IT! Overwhelmed by all the reports out there on diet and cancer? Don't despair. By following just a few tried and true guidelines, you can help protect yourself against certain cancers and add years of vitality to your life. And once you start, healthy eating can become habit forming. Lose Weight. You'll not only look great, you'll also fight colon, breast, gall bladder and uterine cancer. Asensible diet and regular exercise can take off pounds - and keep them off. Fight Fat. Adiet high in fat is suspected to be a major cause of breast, colon and prostate cancer (not to mention heart disease). Try to limit your intake to no mare than 30% of what you eat. Choose Fiber. Cereals and fresh fruits and vegetables are a winning cancer-fighting team. Feel free to eat plenty of them !but without high-fat accompaniments like butter and whole milk). Think "A" and "C". Mom was right- fruits and vegetables really are good for you. Dark green and deep yellow vegetables, and fruits such as oranges and strawberries, are great sources of vitamins Aand C, nutrients that can lower your risk for cancer. Eat Cruciferous Vegetables. Maybe they weren't your favorites as a kid, but cruciferous vegetables like cabbage, broccoli, cauliAower and brussels sprouts might protect you against cancer. They may even taste better now that you're an adult. Slow Down on Smoked Foods. People who eat a lot of smoked and salt-cured foods have a higher incidence of esophagus and stomach cancer. Drink in Moderation. Heavy drinking, especially when it's combined with cigarette smoking, ups your risk of cancer of the mouth, larynx, throat and esophagus. The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council • 5 �SUNSCREENS More than 500,000 new cases of skin cancer are reported every year, making it the most common form of cancer. Ninety percent of all cases occur on parts of the body that aren't usually covered by clothing - like the face and hands. To protect yourself from skin cancer, follow these tips: 1) Use a sunscreen with an SPF (Sun Protection Factor) of at least 15; 2) Wear a hat and protective clothing, especially during the midday hours of 10 am to 3 pm; 3) See your doctor of you notice a mole that changes or a sore that does not heal; 4) Share the above information with family and friends. For more information, call the American Cancer Society toll free at 1-800-ACS-2345. Fortunately, skin cancer can be prevented. ""OMEN'S CANCER SCREENING PROGRAM DOING ""ELL The Women's Cancer Screening Program is thriving! Approximately 2,000 women in Western Michigan have benefitted from the program's affordable breast and cervic~I cancer screenings since the program was started last year. Funded by a special grant from the Centers for Disease Control, the program provides low-cost checkups for women 40 and older to detect breast and cervical cancer. Mammograms and help with any necessary follow-up treatment is included. The program has been especially rewarding for staff. "It's been a priviledge working with these women," says Mari Lane, RN of the Muskegon County Health Dept. "Each has her own unique background and life." In Kent County, convenience and a caring atmosphere are important. Coordinator Michelle Johnson lists the following as special efforts made: all screenings can be done in one visit, medical staff are female, the Clinicus Santa Maria has Spanish 6 • The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council speaking staff, and you can choose from six locations. Serving Oceana, Lake, Newago, Manistee, Mason, and Mecosta counties is the District Health Department Number 5. Gretchen Petz is the person to contact in this area, she is the enrollment clerk. She says, "It's a special benefit to those 40 and older, especially if they' re low income, because otherwise they'd tend to put it off." The program has been able to identify medical problems in some of its clients and has helped those clients to get further care. The Women's Cancer Screening Program is open to most women, even those who have health insurance or Medicare, and women who don't have to live in the service area to qualify. For more information, please call: In Muskegon 724-1286; in Grand Rapids 774-3058. For the District 5 Health Program call 1-800-968-7300. Submitted by Rosie Holmberg, American Indian Health Program �RESPECT YOURSELF, PROTECT THE FUTURE Respect is a gentle word I learned from my grandmother. She taught me to respect the earth and all that comes from her. She taught me to respect myself so Icould teach my future children. Today, my grandmother knows how important it is to get the facts about HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. She wants me to know how to protect myself and our family's future. Together, we learned women and children are getting HIV faster than any other group. Unprotected sex, sharing needles while shooting drugs and closing my eyes to the drug use of others, puts me and my future family at risk. I could pass HIV to my unborn children. I could carry and pass HIV for years without knowing it. Carry our future; don't carry AIDS. Let's all watch the sunrise on the twenty-first century. For more information, call toll free. INDIAN AIDS LINE: 1-800-283-AIDS. Submitted by B. Joan Webkomigod, School Program Services, Michigan Deportment of Education. • • 1 0 STRATEGIES FOR ENCOURAGING YOUR CHILD BUILDING SELF ESTEEM 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Give responsibility. Show appreciation for contributions at home. Ask your child for options and suggestions. Encourage participation in decision making. Accept mistakes. Emphasize the process, not just the product. Turn liabilities into assets. Show confidence in your child's judgement. Have positive expectations. Develop alternative ways of viewing situations. The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council • 7 �BEWARE NEW DRUG CALLED CAT The Kent Co~nty Health Department advises us that there is a clandestinely-produced stimulant drug called "CAT" that is now being used primarily in the Upper Peninsula. There are a number of reasons to believe that the use of this drug may spread to our region. Most users have been snorting or sniffing this drug, although there are a few reports of injection of the drug. PREVENT LEAD POISONING More than 200,000 children a year, as well as many adults, contract lead poisoning. That's why it's so important to know the facts. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, your home is at high risk of lead contamination if: • it has lead pipes and/ or lead connectors from the water main; • it has copper pipes with lead solder. The age of your home may also be a factor. Plumbing installed prior to 1930 most likely includes lead pipes. Plumbing with copper pipes installed before 1988 may contain lead solder. Preventive Steps: 1. Flush your pipes before use. This means running your tap water until it becomes as cold as it will get. 2. Use only cold water for drinking and cooking. 3. Inspect your plumbing system to detect lead. Lead pipes and solder are dull gray, when scratched they look shiny. 8 •The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council 4. Dissolved lead is tasteless and odorless. Test your pipes with a lead detection kit that uses U.S. EPA-recognized laboratories. House paint is another potential source of lead contamination. Any house painted prior to 1978 is at risk of containing lead-based paint. Before conducting any home renovations, test all painted surfaces. If lead is detected, do not scrape or sand the surface - contact your local health department. For a free brochure on protecting your family from the dangers of lead contamination, call 800-4480535. OLDER ADULTS & ALCOHOL Elder adults face their own unique set of problems related to alcohol use and abuse. Several issues include: • How difficult it is for older adults to admit they have a drinking problem, particularly since they grew up during a time when alcoholism was considered a moral weakness, whereas today it's recognized as a disease; • Why alcoholism is often un-detected or overlooked in the older adult; • Reasons why older adults drink - loneliness, retirement, a divorce, loss of family and friends, and the mental and physical stresses of aging; • The lack of and need for treatment programs tai. lored specifically to the individual needs of older adults; and • The success rates of specialized programs of older adults. �DOCUMENTING MICHIGAN'S TRIBAL ROLLS: A Special Letter to the Detroit News by Greg Lamber We are facing a major crisis concerning all Native North American Indians and all members of the Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians. To maintain federal status as a recognized tribe, there must be an official documentation of tribal rolls. Without established uniform blood quantum levels, the unique and constitutionally recognized status of tribal members will become no more than a racial classification. I have spoken with Ann E. Bolton, superintendent of the Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs. She confirmed there has never been a formal investigation of the tribal membership rolls of the state of Michigan, on the federal level or through the Bureau of Indian Affairs. I am asking for a certified Indian genealogical record searcher from Washington to come and clean up our rolls. This issue is vitally important because it affects many other aspects of tribal policy. The importance of accurate membership rolls branches out to encompass state tuition waiver grants, distribution of state and federal benefits, land claims money, the gaming money from the casinos, and Indian hunting and fishing rights. These issues affect the Indian and non-Indian communities together. Greg lamber, Tribal Member, Manistique, Michigan. Submitted by joe john Child Development Center For children 6 weeks to School age An innovative intergenerational concept in child care located on the campus of Porter Hills Presbyterian Vulage. located at 3600 E. Fulton, in Grand Rapids. Now accepting applications for enrollment! For information, please contact Sandy Ten Hagen at 940-4049. ·Owned By: Porter H<ls Presbyterian Village ·Managed By: The Gland Rapids Metro. YIACN SOUlteast Branch • Financial Assistance Is Available. MICHIGAN INDIAN EMPLOYMENT & TRAINING SERVICES, INC. Region Ill 2 Fountain Place 60 N. Division Grand Rapids, Ml 49503 ACTIVmES & SERVICES Career Guidance: A para-professional counseling service to help r----------l!!llm, I I I I I (~~ ~f l~( l~~ll 15% DISCOUNT WITH THIS AD! 6501 South Division Grand Rapids, Michigan 49548 Phone: (616) 281-3640 • Indian Jewelry • Indian Moccasins • • Custom Jewelry • Silver Repairs • L----------.J applicants assume responsibility for making career plans and decisions. Job Referral: Qualified applicants are referred to employment alter they have demonstrated they possess the required skills or abilities to do the job. Classroom Training: Assistance is provided in obtaining a GED or high school diploma. Work Experience: A short-tenn employment program for adults and youth over 14 years to develop basic working skills and provide job training in specific areas. Call: (616) 451-1920 The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council • 9 �Carlisle, Pennsylvania with Jim Thorpe, where she saw this man made of steel hit and carry four Army football players into the end zone for a touchdown! Coach Glen "Pop" Warner took Jim Thorpe and three other Indians named Arcasa, Tawanima and Arquet to compete in a track and field meet against Harvard by Bill Dunlop University. Coach Harold Bruce of Harvard stood at the train station with 56 of the finest athletes in the country. "Don't us Indians have a famous athlete like Babe They thought a band of howling, painted Indians would get Ruth or Jack Dempsey?" I was asked this question by a off the train. A few people got off the train at one end, a young Indian fellow, and was surprised he didn't know that brakeman at the other end. Then Pop Warner got off, folthe greatest athlete to ever walk on Mother Earth was an lowed by four well-dressed, neatly groomed Indian athIndian. letes. The big marching band of Harvard struck up their He had just mentioned another famous athlete who school song, and the four young Indian gentlemen stood was half Indian, the "half-breed" Jack Dempsey. He called and listened in appreciation. No howling savages there. himself "half-breed" and his fists pounded out the first milCoach Bruce came up to Pop and shouted, lion-dollar gates in the sport of boxing. Then there was "Where's the rest of your Indian team?" Warner pointed to "Chief' Allie Reynolds, the greatest relief pitcher ever. The the four Indians and said, "These are all I need." Coach superb catcher, Johnny Bench, is part Indian. Billy Mills, Bruce couldn't believe it; he said, "Do you mean to put the runner of Olympic fame, was a Sioux. these four up against my 56 who are the finest athletes in But the greatest of them all, no matter what nationthe country?" Pop said simply, "These are more than ality or ethnic mix, was Jim Thorpe. Wa-Tho-Huck (Bright enough." Path) was his Indian name. He was Sac-Fox. The next morning the meet began. The half-mile When you walk into the Sports Hall of Fame, the event was first, and Arquet and Tawanima won it, one and two. The two-mile next; Thorpe and Arcasa won it easily. Coach Bruce's He wanted to run faster, iump higher, throw longer, benign smile turned into a question knock a ball farther mark. The other Indian athletes rested while Thorpe took the pole vault, first thing you encounter is a life-sized statue of Jim Thorpe. high jump and shot put all alone. The hundred yard dash On a placque are these words: "The Greatest Athlete Who was won by Arcosa, then while Arcosa and Thorpe rested, Ever Lived." Tawanima and Arquet breezed across the finish line in the Yes, young Indians, when the talk turns to athletics mile race, in that order. Then Jim Thorpe took the hamyou may hold your heads high. For there never was, nor mer, the broad jump and the low hurdles. ever will be again, an athlete the caliber of Jim Thorpe. By this time Coach Bruce had turned into a wet Let me tell you of some of the accomplishments of rag. Those four Indians polished off the rest off the meet. this Indian - and there were many, for Jim Thorpe And the crowd was thundering their approval to Bruce for excelled in every sport he took part in, and he tried them inviting those Indians from Carlisle. He was the man of the all. He didn't like boxing, for its primary purpose is to hour. But he still breathed a sigh of relief when the train physically harm another person. He wanted to run faster, pulled out of the station with those Indians and Pop jump higher, throw longer, knock a ball farther - these Warner. kinds of sports were to his liking. (to be continued next month) My own mother went to the Indian School at THE GREATEST ATHLETE EVER JIM THORPE 10 •The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council �ANNOUNCEMENTS NEW BOARD APPOINTEE: At the Board of Directors meeting on April 28, 1993, Rosie Holmberg was appointed as a director to fill a vacancy. Her term will be until June, 1994. Rosie, as many of you already know, is the American Indian Health Program Community Representative who works for the Muskegon County Health Department. We look forward to working with Rosie as she fulfills her committment to the Council. Levi A. Rickert, F.xecutive Director WOMENS GROUP NOW FORMING: If you are between the ages of 18 and 50, this is the group for you! Each week we will look at what it is to be women today. We will talk ·about everything from ourselves to "why our children drive us nuts." But wait, that's not all we will be doing. Each week this group will be working on a traditional craft - could be a dream catcher or beadwork. Come one night and give it a try, there is no obligation. For more information or to arrange a ride, call Carolyn at 774-8331. Submitted by Carolyn Ogilvie-Cohen 4 STH ANNUAL NORTHERN MICHIGAN onAWA ASSOC. MEETING: Mark your calendars for this Annual Meeting to be held on June 19 at the Emmet County Fairgrounds at the 4-H Center in Petoskey, Michigan. The meeting begins at 1:00 pm. For more information, call Harriet Booth at (616) 347-6569 or Robert Dominic, Jr. at (616) 345-3442. Submitted by Joe john, Unit 4 JUNE GRADUATES: Marie Wheeler graduates from Central High School where she was a cheerleader. Tony Lett graduates from East Kentwood High School where he was on the football and wrestling teams. Both students plan to go on to Grand Rapids Community College in the fall. NEEDS ASSESSMENT SURVEY AT POW WOW: This year at the "Homecoming of the Three Fires Pow Wow" there will be volunteers on the Pow Wow grounds asking if you will take ten minutes of your valuable time to fill out a needs assessment survey. In order for us to provide effective prevention programs, your voices need to be heard. So please take ten minutes out of your time and reflect on what's happening in the communi- ty and how we can address some of those issues on preventative measures. Your valuable input and time would be most appreciated. The results will be published in the July issue of Turtle Talk. Take the time! Submitted by Hunter Genia MICHIGAN INDIAN YOUTH RETREAT: The Michigan State Board of Education co-sponsors with Michigan State University and the University of Michigan, the 1993 Michigan Indian Youth Retreat. The sixth through eight grade program runs July 12-16 at Michigan State University; the high school program runs July 19-23 at the University of Michigan. The Michigan Indian Youth Retreats are designed to provide an opportunity for Native American young people to discover their potential as a person and as a student. Participants will have an opportunity to acquire academic support skills while working with Native American college students and professionals. Students will be staying in university residence halls with balanced meals and close adult supervision. In addition to academic skill building workshops, the cultural focus of the retreats is the American Indian. Cultural activities are designed to promote stronger selfidentification for Native students with their Native American heritage. There is a pre-registration cost of $25, non-refundable, due at the ,, time of application. Check or money orders should be made payable to: Michigan Indian Youth Retreat. A limited number of on-site registrations will be available for an additional $10 fee, for a total of $35 participant cost. This registration fee covers food, lodging, activities, supplies, field trips and access to a host of special presenters. For more information and application materials, contact Youth Retreat Coordinators: Pam (Dunham)Martell, Michigan Department of Education (517) 373-6059 or Eva Kennedy Michigan State University (517) 353-5210 MUSEUM REQUESTS MEMORABILIA The new Public Museum of Grand Rapids is seeking objects which would represent the boarding school period of Indian life for the exhibit entitled "Anishnabek" now under construction. They have received many donated photographs, but still need objects such as books, school uniforms, desks, papers, trade equipment or tools from boarding schools such as Mt. Pleasant. Curator of Collections and Project Director Brian Kwapil is also seeking objects, photos and stories relating to Native Americans employed in the furniture industry in Grand Rapids. PLease call Brian at 456-3973. The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council • 11 �JUNE POW WOW DATES Junes &6 12th Annual Day of the Eagle ..........................FAST JORDAN, MI. Pow Wow Anishnabe Inter-Tribal Council. Call (616) 536-7583 or 536-3465. June 11, 12, 13 N.A.E.S. College ........•............•..•.......................CIIlCAGO, IL. First Annual Pow Wow Native Am. Education Services. Call (312) 761-5000. June 12 & 13 14th Annual "Homecoming of the .................GRAND RAPIDS, MI 11iree Fires" June12 & 13 Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Call (616) 774-8331. Barrie Pow Wow ••............................................. BARRIE, ONTARIO, CANADA. Barrie Friendship Center. Call (705) 721-7689. June12 & 13 '93 Red Earth Contest ....................................... OKIAIIOMA 01Y, OK. Pow Wow Call (405) 943-2784. June 12 & 13 2nd Annual Cry of the Crane...........................THORNTOWN, IN. Pow Wow Festival grounds, Old Indiana. Call (317) 436-7448. June19 & 20 16th Annual Lansing Indian ........................... .IANSING, MI. Center Pow Wow East Lake Lansing Park. Call (517) 487-5409. June 19 Northern Michigan Ottawa Assn.....................PETOSKEY, MI. Annual Meeting Emmet Cty. Fairgrounds, 4-H Ctr. Call (616) 347-6569 or 354-3442. June 23-26 5th Annual Great Lakes Indian ........................TRAVERSE 01Y, MI. Artists Assoc. Workshop/Exhibit/Sale Woodland Indian Market. Call (616) 922-1030 or 267-7441. June 25, 26, 27 17th Annual Great Lakes ..................................WILSON, MI. Area Pow Wow June26& 27 Hannahville Potawatomi Res. Call (906) 466-2342. Pine River Gathering Traditional ....................ST. OAIR, MI. Pow Wow, Pre-1840 Rendezvous Pine River Stables and 3-Bar Rodeo (616) 281-3640 or (517) 484-1805. Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council 45 Lexington, NW, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49504 Non Profit Org. U.S. Postage PAID Permit No. 690 Grand Rapids, Ml Library Grand Valley State Univ. Allendale Ml 49401 A Service of Ibis newsletter is funded in part by United Way, Office of Substance Abuse Sewices, Community Mental Health, and private donations. 0 urntedway � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_turtle-talk_v31993-06 Title A name given to the resource Turtle Talk, Volume 3, June 1993 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1993-06 Description An account of the resource June 1993 (volume 3) issue of Turtle Talk by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Barber, Marcia (Editor) Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4fb5ecce514845e26e41e247b72e0ec0.pdf 141ef8a58cbd39fa63086550ae674d8f PDF Text Text Volume 3 luly 1993 Number 7 Turtle T a I K • ••••••••• • • • • /j;~ ~ ~ j ~j~ ~'.: '.:~ ~ ~ ~i~j j ~ ~ \ 1~~~m~~tt~~~~~t~t. t~t~fm 11\ldl:PENDENT HILE TIIE MAJORI1Y OF AMERICAN citizens celebrate Independence Day on the Fourth of July, minority citizens reflect that their own independence came much later than 1776. It was not until the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1964, signed into effect by President Lyndon Johnson on July 2nd, that blacks and Native Americans, among other minorities, finally received the legal backing to be equal. But other freedoms were being assessed and asserted. It was during this turbulent year in our country that the term "Red Power'' came into existence. In his essay "The New Indian Patriots," author Alvin M. Josephy, Jr. describes the mood of the country. "In 1964 some patronizing whites, wealthy dogooders of the kind that had long been satisfying their own frustrations and problems by asserting possessory rights over American Indians - 'protecting' them against other whites, solving their problems for them, and in their arrogance treating the Indians as children who could have no idea what was best for them in this best of all possible worlds - got the shock of their lives. "They took a group of Indians to New York to meet the press and other makers of public opinion... so that the Indians could tell them, once again, of the problems on the reservations. This time a bolt of lightning struck. "These Indians were young, college-educated, articulate - and fed up. They represented a new organization of their own, the National Indian Youth Council, and they had a lot to say. To the consterna- Grand Rapids D t ~ 1 ARAI I 0 N •• T bese Indians tion of their patrons, and to the delight of the open-mouthed and unbeed, articulate - and fed up. lieving press, they attacked the do-gooders and told them to get off They represented a new Indians' backs; they ridiculed their own organization of their own, elders, the 'Uncle Tomahawks' among the the National Indian Youth tribal leaders, who for decades had sold out the · Indians by letting the doCouncil... " gooders decide what was best for their people; and they demanded Red Power - the power of the Indian people over their own affairs." "Red Power, as it has been taken up in the intervening years by Indians throughout the United States and Canada, today reflects a determined and patriotic Indian fight for freedom - freedom from injustice and bondage, freedom from patronization and oppression, freedom from what the white man cannot and will not solve." NIYC's young president, Clyde Warrior, expressed his views in testimony at a hearing of the President's National Advisory Commission on Rural Poverty in 1967. "Most members of the NIYC can remember when we were young, college-educat· Inter-Tr continued on page 7 bal .Council �July 1993 From The Director GRITC BOARD OF DIRECTORS ACTING PRESIDENTVICE PRESIDENT- Boo-Shoo! IBIS YEAR'S "HOMECOMING OF THE THREE FIRES" Pow Wow was a huge success. Thousands enjoyed the two-day event held at Riverside Park. This year's Pow Wow was bigger and better than ever. There were some "behind the scene" stories about the Pow Wow which are worth mentioning because of the added work that was required in order to make the Pow Wow such a success: • Some supplies (parking signs and electric cables) used at previous Pow Wows were destroyed in April when a fire destroyed the barn at the Antoine's where they were stored. With much needed hard work, some members of the Pow Wow Committee worked diligently to replace them. • On Saturday morning, a volunteer who was trenching a line accidentally cut through an already buried electric cable which caused a disruption of electrical power. Thanks to Jerry Roberts who made an emergency trip out to the Pow Wow to patch the cable and to get the power restored. • With the temperatures in the 80's all weekend, we ran short on our supply of ice. Thanks to the people at Lee's Famous Recipe Chicken, who worked hard to supply the Pow Wow with 115 bags of ice at a short notice. 250 -8# just were not enough! Levi A. Rickert Executive Director 2•G.rand Rap ds Inter-Ir bal Mary Roberts TREASURER- Andrea Robinson SECRETARY- Rosie Holmberg MEMBERS: Loretta Antoine, Roger Williams, Jeanne Harding, Bill Dunlop, Rita Blumke, Jonie Abella, Francis Davis, Larry Peshaba, Bruce Trobridge G R I T C S BUSINESS MANAGER- T A F F Levi A. Rickert EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR- Jeff Justin HUMAN SERVICES COORDINATOR- Lee Ann Campbell HUMAN SERVICES STAFF: Hunter Genia,Kristie Pagel,Loretta Yount, Carolyn Ogilvie-Cohen,Lew Burrows, Cindy Pigeon,Bill Dunlop SUPPORT STAFF: Denise Skorka,Chris Shomin,Diane Laureaux T U EDITOR- Besides the hard work associated with Pow Wow, many thanks to those who worked hard on the American Indian Art Show and Auction, Celebrating Great Lakes Native American Art which was held at Bridgewater Place on June 11, 1993. Our first auction was a success. Special thanks to the wonderful people from the Ada Council for the Arts who provided GRITC staff with valuable information. Also, thanks to Paul Collins who served as the Project Coordinator. Megwetch to all who assisted the Council at both functions!! As the summer progresses and many of you are on the Pow Wow Trail, have a safe and enjoyable summer. John Hutchinson LAYOUT- R T L E T A L K Marcia E. Barber Two Eagles Marcus GRAPHICS ADVISOR- Michael Vanderwall ;;'ti' TURTLE TALK'S MISSION IS TO PROVIDE ITS READER~ SHIP WITH REPORTS OF LOCAL AND NATIONAL INTEREST WHICH MAY AFFECT AND IMPACT OUR NATIVE AMERICAN COMMUNITY. TURTLE TALK WELCOMES SUBMISSIONS OF ANNOUNCEMENTS, ARTICLES, POEMS RELATIVE TO ISSUES RELATING TO AMERICAN INDIANS. ALL SUBMISSIONS MUST BE ACCOMPANIED BY A SIGNED NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE AUTHOR. PLEASE UNDERSTAND THAT SPACE MAY BE LIMITED, DUE TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF OUR FUNDING SOURCE THAT 50% OF THE NEWSLITTER CONTENT BE HEALTH-RELATED. DEADLINE FOR SUBMISSIONS IS THE FIRST WEEK OF EACH MONTH FOR THE UPCOMING MONTH'S ISSUE. TURTLE TALK IS PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE GRAND RAPIDS INTER-TRIBAL COUNCIL, 45 LEXINGTON AVENUE WV, GRAND RAPIDS, Ml 49504. PHONE (616) 774-8331, FAX (616) 774-2810. touncil �JULY BIRTHDAYS Marcia Sutherland Mark Bowen Michelle Priest Linelle Crampton Adam Pigeon Mike McSauby Dennis Two Crow Peggy Raphael Jamie Taylor Robert Ives Betty Anderson Culver Judson Jennie Wicker Steve Medacco Deborah Raphael Tim Medallo Kevin Ives. Sr. Mellena Sams Andrea Yount Steve Parson Alice Gorney Pam Wesaw Caren Cady Eva Hinmond Kim Yates Lui u Two Crow Marie Bailey Don Leaureaux Duane Raphael Robin Mashka Russel Alex Robert Cuellar Ill Charlie Korn Amanda Pigeon Sylvia Contreras Freddy Raphael Twyla Shomin Dorothy Sheahan Richard Sprague Melody Harris TURTLE TALK INFORMATION A ONE YEAR SUBSCRIPTION TO TURTLE TALK IS $5, ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTIONS OF $1 0 OR $1 5 ARE GREATLY APPRECIATED . YOUR TAX-DEDUCTIBLE CONTRIBUTIONS WILL HELP DEVELOP TURTLE TALK INTO A BIGGER AND BITTER SOURCE OF NEWS AND ENTERTAINMENT, AND KEEP YOU INFORMED OF HAPPENINGS IN OUR ANISHNABE COMMUNITY. ADVERTISING RATES FULL PAGE : $1 00/MONTH HALF PAGE: $50/MONTH QUARTER PAGE : $25/MONTH BUSINESS CARD : $1 5/MONTH (A 5% DISCOUNT IS OFFERED FOR A ONE-YEAR CONTRACT, PREPAID. WE CAN ALSO OFFER GRAPHICS ASSISTANCE IN DESIGN AND LAYOUT. CALL THE OFFICE AT 774-8331) NATIVE AMERICAN, AFRICAN, & NEIGHBORHOOD ART TURTLE TALK DUE . DATES: SUBMISSIONS TO TURLE TALK MUST BE RECEIVED IN THE ARTIFACTORY CONSIGNMENTS WELCOME OUR OFFICE BY THE FIRST WEEK OF EACH MONTH FOR THE UPCOMING MONTH'S ISSUE. DEADLINE FOR AUGUST ISSUE: FRIDAY, JULY 2. DEADLINE FOR SEP- TEMBER ISSUE: FRIDAY, AUGUST 6. DEADLINE FOR OCTOBER ISSUE: FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 3.(NOT ALL MATE- 619 LY NE BE EN GRAND &U ION (61 ) 454-6344 RIAL SUBMITIED CAN BE USED IN TURTLE TALK) THANKS TO ALL WHO DONATED THEIR TIME AND MONEY TO MAKE THE ART SHOW & AUCTION AND THE HOMECOMING OF THE THREE FIRES POW WOW A SUCCESS CHl-MEG-WETCH ! •PAINTI s•PRINTS "SCULPTU •cARVING • JEWELRv·ec:M.D'il..___....:..J Grand Rap ds Inter-Ir bal tounc 1•3 �HEALTH • For Our JULY IS NATIONAL PURPOSEFUL PARENTING MONTH This celebration encourages parents to incorporate "purpose" in their parenting. The effort is designed to elevate the level of parental effectiveness by building awareness and providing tips for positive conscientious parenting. Sponsored by Parenting Without Pressure, Inc., a Longwood, Florida organization. A Heritage of Prevention: PROTECTING CHILDREN FROM ABUSE and neglect so that they can thrive and mature is the most fundamental function that a society can provide. Historically, Indian communities had well-developed customs and traditions of child rearing, which produced a natural system of child abuse prevention. Despite a long history in which the natural system protected children, child abuse and neglect are serious problems in many present-day Indian families. Although Indian people still value their children in much the same way they did before, life in the modern world is much different and Indian society has had trouble adjusting to the radical changes that have taken place in a relatively short time. Reservations, boarding schools, governmental laws and orders, and non-Indian spiritual beliefs have all contributed to the onset of problems Indians face today. But it is the children who 4•Grand Rap ds suffer the most. Child abuse and neglect are on the rise in Indian communities. Even with the development of Indian Child Welfare programs, which are designed to protect Indian children, child abuse and neglect is occurring. Traditional ways of parenting are seldom used today. Indian people who were not taught parenting skills, who have few personal and community resources, and who were abused and neglected as children, are at high risk of becoming abusers. The consequences of child abuse and neglect are devastating: • Physical abuse - non-accidental injury to a child; • Sexual molestation - the exploitation of a child for the sexual gratification of an adult; • Emotional abuse - a pattern of behavior that attacks a child's emotional well-being. Inter-Iribal No Perfect Discipline for Kids: ANY GOOD PARENT WILL TELL YOU there is always much more to learn about the responsibilities of disciplining your children. If we lived in a perfect world, parents would have boundless energy, patience when needed, tolerance and a great capacity for understanding and flexibility. But unfortunately, no parent is perfect. So it's helpful for us to have a variety of practical skills when it comes to disciplining our children. Here are some common mistakes parents make. Yelling: THIS MAY HELP VENT FRUSTRATION, but it has proven to be an ineffective tool for discipline. Most children soon tune out yelling. Ask yourself how you'd feel about someone yelling at you. Instead, save it for emergency situations like, "Get away from the road!" tounc �Emotional and Verbal Abuse: BELITTLING YOUR CHILD TO change acceptable behavior only makes the child grow more insecure, feel inadequate and less intelligent. There is an old saying about a self-fulfilling prophesy: "If you tell a child he is bad and ugly, he will indeed become bad and ugly." This can affect the child all through his life. Monitor your language and be aware how often you say positive instead of negative things. It is much more effective to simply state your disapproval of the wrong action, and tell your child what disciplinary measure you will take. Giving In: IT IS SO IMPORTANT THAT parents be consistent daily in disciplining their children. Often, a tired parent will give in to demands instead of standing firm on their first answer. Coercion or Threats: THREATENING YOUR CHILDREN with real or imaginary consequences is demeaning to you both. A mother was overheard talking to her crying child in a doctor's office: "If you don't go to the doctor, I am going to call the police to come and get you." In this case, the mother is expressing her need for control over the child, instead of helping him express his fears by talking about it. Imposing Excessive Guilt: MAKING YOUR CHILD FEEL SHE IS responsible for the bad circumstances in your life is very wrong. Be careful not to let her feel she is responsible for the problems of the world. Statements like, "If you loved me at all, you Twelve Alternatives to Lashing Out at Your Kid You don't have to lift a hand to hurt your child. Words hit as hard as a fist. The next time everyday pressures build up to such a pitch that you feel like lashing out, stop! And try any of these simple alternatives. Remember, take time out. Don't take it out on your kid. 1. Put your hands over your mouth. Count to 10. Or better yet, 20. 2. Stop in your tracks. Press your lips together and breathe deeply. 3. Phone a friend. 4. Phone the weather. 5. Say the alphabet out loud. 6. If someone can watch the children, go outside and take a walk. 7. Take a hot bath, or splash cold water on your face. 8. Pick up a pencil and write down your thoughts. 9. Close your eyes and imagine you're hearing what your child hears. 10. Turn on the radio or TV. 11. Hug a pillow. 12. Write for prevention information: National Committee for Prevention of Child Abuse, Box 2866, Chicago, IL 60690. wouldn't do this," impose too much pressure on a child. Examine your feelings and your need for your child to be dependent on you. If this has become a habit, you may need to seek professional help from a counselor or psychiatric social worker. there something about your homework you don't understand?" Advice itself is not fruitless, but it is often given when it is not wanted, and at the wrong time. Always allow yourself time for elaborations and examples. Pick a time when your child is not on the way to somewhere, or having friends over. Lecturing and Giving Advice: YEARS AGO, LECTURING CHILDREN was considered productive. Today, however, the faster pace of life makes this method appear fruitless. Thanks to television, most children have a liinited attention span for communications with their parents. And many times, a lecture doesn't adequately address the whole problem (lecturing a child whose homework is chronically late doesn't address the importance of education). Ask "What happens when you don't turn in your homework?" or "Is Taking Your Anger and Frustration Out on the Child: THIS IS THE MOST COMMON and abused disciplinary problem that faces parents today. Because there are so many outside stresses and demands, parents and caretakers often overreact to situations and show inappropriate anger. In these situations, parents are most likely to say things that can never be erased from the child's mind. Don't be afraid to share your feelings of frustration with your child. A part of growing up is learning how to Grand continued on next page. Rap ds Jnter-.Iribal ~ouncil•5 �continued form previous page. handle situations. For instance, if you take the time to teach your child about overspending on things that are not necessary, he can better understand when you say, "You don't need that." ... Back to the Nagging: MANY TIMES PARENTS BECOME totally exhausted nagging their children to do something. Youngsters have to be told repeatedly to finish their homework or clean their rooms, while they sit watching television. Get your child's attention. Go and stand in front of the television or turn it off, then tell the child what you expect him to do. red, white, black, yellow; rich or poor; young or old; Physical Punishment: educated or poorly educated. Everyone ends up the AUTHOR JAMES WINDELL IN 11 Alcoholism as a disease or sickness takes everybody: Bottom Line says correction is not achieved same - dead or insane, or both. And in between, through physical punishment of a child. The purpose of discipline is to teach a child to have self-discipline or to be a follower. It is still more effective as a parent to be a good example and a leader for your child. Some parents still feel a spanking is the only answer for a child who just won't mind his parents. These parents should keep in mind: never spank a child while you are angry; never use an object for spanking that may cause physical injury; never spank or hit a child on parts of the body that could cause damage to the organs (i.e., brain, liver, lungs, kidneys, etc.). life is broken down and miserable. We are only fooling ourselves, as native people, that somehow we are different when it comes to alcoholism. Our native ways make our culture good but alcoholism twists, misuses and wipes these out. We once respected each other and ca red what each person felt. We were honest, gentle, kind, softspoken, generous people, but alcoholism has twisted these ways into disrespect for ourselves and others . We become dishonest, mean, angry, selfish, and harsh people when we drink. We are not this way as native people, the cre- Setting Traps: PARENTS WHO TEND TO BE punitive and authoritarian often try to catch their children in a lie to prove a point. For example, a parent finds a note in the child's room which indicates he has been smoking with friends. Instead of asking, "Do you smoke?" be straightforward and say, "I found this note in your room. This concerns me and I want to talk about it." 6•.Grand Rap ds ator never meant us to be, so we must find our way back to the good way. 11 John Woodenlegs, Cheyenne Elder Borrowed from the Thunder Child News by Hunter Genia Inter-Tribal ~ounc �CONTINUED FROM COVER. 1993 HOMECOMING OF THE FIRES POW WOW. were children and spent many hours at the feet of our grandfathers listening to stories of the time when the Indians were a great people, when we were free, when we were rich, when we lived the good life. At the same time we heard stories of drought, famine and pestilence. It was only recently we realized that there was surely great material deprivation in those days, but that our old people felt rich because they were free. They were rich in things of the spirit, but if there is one thing that characterizes Indian life today it is poverty of the spirit. We still have human passions and depth of feeling (which may be something rare in these days), but we are poor in spirit because we are not allowed to make those basic human choices and decisions about our personal life and about the destiny of our communities which is the mark of free mature people." JULY Moon when the cherries are ripe (Sioux) Corn-popping moon (Winnebago) fl~ ITT ~ll~t- - - I I I -1 15% DISCOUNT WITII TIIIS AD! • 6501 South Division Grand Rapids, Michigan 49548 Phone: (616) 281-3640 Indian Jewelry • Indian Moccasins • • Custom Jewelry • Silver Repairs • I I I L----------.J .Grand Rap ds Inter-Tr bal .Counc •7 �HEALTH Al5C AND 5HINC UST BECAUSE KIDS ARE HANGING around home this summer is no reason to neglect morning nutrition in the form of BREAKFAST. When kids eat breakfast at home, studies show they get more sucrose (simple sugar) in their diets; while school breakfasts provided slightly more fat, calories, total carbohydrates and sodium than home breakfasts. Americans are breakfast eaters, skipping this meal only 11 percent of the time. And recent surveys suggest we're eating smarter, avoiding breakfast foods that are high in fat and cholesterol - eggs, bacon, sausage, doughnuts. Instead, we choose more nutritious low-fat foods such as oatmeal, bran and fruit. Breakfast is an important contributor to the nutritional adequacy of children's diets. A sample of 10-year olds surveyed showed that the 16% who skipped breakfast had lower intakes of calories, protein, carbohydrates, and several vitamins and minerals - all necessary for good health. Surprisingly, skipping breakfast does not promote weight loss. Instead, a high-fiber breakfast can reduce the appetite for lunch. Breakfast skippers have below normal metabolic rates, so they can gain a pound every seven weeks, even if their calorie count remains the same. Skipping breakfast can cause you to eat more food later in the day, and have difficulty controlling your hunger. Eating breakfast provides energy and essential nutrients and helps control hunger. It may also improve physical work performance in late morning and academic performance at school. 8•Grand Rap ds Inter-Ir What to Have for Breakfast: ,; I SKIP 1BE STEAK AND , eggs, too high in fat, choles/ terol and protein. A healthy breakfast should be rich in complex carbohydrates (including fiber) with moderate protein, and low in fat and sucrose. For variety, offer unconventional breakfasts like pasta-vegetable soup, baked apples, baked potatoes with low-fat cheese topping, shakes made with lowfat yogurt and fruit, whole wheat soft pretzels, crepes or blintzes with vegetables or low-fat cheeses, even cheese pizza. Not all ready-to-eat cereals are created equal. Check food labels for fiber, sugar (sucrose vs. complex carbohydrates) and hidden fats (oils, nuts, coconut). Serve with low-fat or skim milk for added nutrients and less fat. Whole wheat bread is one of the best fiber foods (white bread has the fiber, or bran, removed from the flour). Make healthy muffins by substituting half of the all-purpose flour with whole wheat flour or rolled oats; substitute two egg whites for each whole egg; replace whole milk with skim or low-fat milk; replace vegetable oil with applesauce, pureed or dried fruits; replace sour cream with non-fat yogurt; add spices for flavor (cinnamon, nutmeg, ginger, allspice); add grated vegetables (zucchini, carrots) or chopped fruits (banana, raisins, apples, berries). Avoid the three C's: chocolate, cheese and corn flavoring which generally mean more fat. bal ~ounc �by Bill Dunlop ~~:-:-:-:.:.:: I,. . \/ :f'.:::::; ::.":.:-:-:-:-' ~::: ·-==!:.~.:-::-:! 1,,,,., * ~ ~ J I "-/I (continued from last month) Carlisle, the now-defunct Indian School in Pennsylvania, is remembered by today's sportswriters as the starting place of the world's greatest athlete. Jim Thorpe was only starting his career there, his many accomplishments just beginning. He was to end his illustrious career playing professional football with the Ohio Bulldogs and professional baseball with the New York Giants. Before he turned "pro" he was to astound the world in 1912 with his achievements in the Olympic Games of that year. Thorpe won both the decathlon and the pentathlon - ten events in the decathlon and five events in the pentathlon. In both events he achieved unbelievable scores. For this superlative athletic achievement, the King of Sweden invited him to be honored. The king presented him with a bust of himself saying, "You, sir, are the most wonderful athlete in the world." The huge crowd give him thunderous applause as a laurel wreath was placed on his head. A gift from the Czar of all the Russias was presented - a solid silver ship studded with $50,000 worth of jewels - and the crowd roared again. From the spirit world, Chief Blackhawk must have looked down at his grandson and smiled his approval also. Upon his return home from the Olympic games of 1912, Jim Thorpe's achievements were celebrated in ticker- .Grand Rap ds tape parades in New York, Philadelphia and Boston. His teammates stood proudly by his side, including Tawanima, Jim's great running partner at Carlisle. Another was a man who later gained fame as "Old blood and guts," General of the Third Army, whose merciless tank drive would crush the last breath from the Nazi superforces of World War I( And General George Patton was proud to be called teammate by Jim Thorpe. That year, the Associated Press and sportscasters throughout the nation voted. Casting 393 ballots, they named Jim Thorpe the greatest athlete of the first half of the 20th century, giving him 252 votes. The only other hero to come close to this number was Babe Ruth, with 86 votes. Other contenders for the "greatest" title were Jack Dempsey, Ty Cobb, Joe Louis~ Lou Gehrig, Red Grange, Jackie Robinson, Bobby Jones, Bronko Nagorski, Walter Johnson, and Cornelius Warmerdam - hot company. When young Indians get together to talk about having a sports hero to look up to, they should remember that famous Indian who stood like a giant above all of the world's sports greats. When the question is asked, "Who was the greatest athlete who ever lived?" the answer has to be WA-THO-HUCK, BRIGHT PATH, JIM THORPE, All American Native American . Inter-Tribal ~ounc •9 �auctioneer Randy Disselkoen kept the bidding at a fast pace and the competition for some pieces was lively. Between bids, commentator John Bailey told stories about the artists, their crafts, and legends associated with the animals represented in the art. GRITC wishes to thank all the talented artists who provided their work to be auctioned off this year: Paul Collins, Christine Marcus Stone, Katie Sickles, Robert Pego, Dennis Christy, Terry Bussey, John Nahgahgwon, James "Bud" Pego, Marty Katon, Al Pego, Sally Fox, Dan Mena, James McCann, Dolores Laban, Sarah Turkey, Scott Pego, Steve Pego, Leda Johnson, Angry Bear, Lavina Day, John Pigeon, Christine Collins, and James Bailey. The total intake for the evening topped $9,000, of which GRITC will receive a percentage. Art for Sale •• n Friday, June 11, Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council held its first (what is hoped will be annual) Art Auction featuring Great Lakes Native American Art and Artists. Over 200 people are estimated to have attended the event, held at Bridgewater Place. Before the auction, drumming and dancing was provided by the Little Weasel Thunderchild Singers and several of the principal pow wow dancers. A beautiful hors d'oeuvres buffet and beverages were provided by Rembrandt's at Bridgewater. After a welcome by Levi Rickert, artist Paul Collins kicked off the auction with the presentation of his print entitled "Mrs. Red Cloud." Guest MICHIGAN INDIAN EMPLOYMENT & TRAINING SERVICES, INC. -.- GtM!lt\TfJJr.si Region Ill 2 Fountain Place 60 N. Division Grand Rapids, Ml 49503 Child Development Center For children 6 weeks to School age An innovative inlergenerational concept in child care located on the campus of Porter Hills Presbyterian Village, located at ACTIVITIES & SERVICES Career Guidance: A para-professional counseling service to help applicants assume responsibility for making career plans and decisions. Job Referral: Qualified applicants are referred to employment after they have demonstrated they possess the required skills or abilities to do the job. 3600 E. Fulton, in Grand Rapids. Now accepting applications for enrollment! For information, please contact Sandy Ten Hagen at 940-4049. • Owned By: Porter H41s Presbyterian Village Classroom Training: ·Managed By: The Grand Rapids Metro. Yt/CN Soutlleast Brarch Assistance is provided in obtaining a GED or high school diploma. Work Experience: A short· term employment program for adults and youth over 14 years to develop basic working skills and provide job training in specific areas. • rinancial AsSistarce is Available. Call: (616) 451·1920 lO·~rand Rap ds Inter-Ir bal .Counc �ANNOUNCEMENTS GRITC Expands Board of Directors: Lee Ann Campell Joins GRITC Staff: THE GENERAL MEMBERSHIP OF THE Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council voted at their Annual Meeting on May 27, 1993 to increase the number of board positions from 9 to 13. The election was held that evening. Newly-elected and reelected members include: Jonie Abella, Rita Blumke, Francis Davis, Jeanne Harding, John Hutchinson, Larry Peshaba, Mary Roberts and Bruce Trobridge. LEE ANN CAMPBELL IS NO STRANGER TO GRITC, having done a one-year internship here a couple years ago. She started working full time June 2nd as Human Services Coordinator and will work with the prevention and counseling staff. Her duties will include overseeing grant funding, coordinating services of counselors and casemanagers, as well as prevention programs, including Young Eagles & Vision Seekers, Womens Group, and the Senior Programs. Lee Ann keeps busy being single parent to son Kyle, age 12. Michigan Indian Legal Services Meeting: THE MICHIGAN INDIAN LEGAL SERVICES BOARD OF Trustees will meet at 1 pm on Saturday, July 17, at 160 East State Street, Traverse City (lower level). The public is invited to attend. Council Meeting: THE NATIVE AMERICAN COUNCIL OF MICHIGAN meeting will be held at Muskegon Community College on July 29, 1993. Clothing Available: THE MUSKEGON KATERI CIRCLE HAS ACCESS TO used clothing for Native American families at no charge. A wide range of sizes is available, from newborn infants to XXX-large men's and women's clothes. Call (616) 726-6125 for more information. Health Fair at Pow Wow: A NATIVE AMERICAN HEALTH FAIR WILL BE HELD in conjunction with the Bucky Collins Memorial Pow Wow in Muskegon. Free testing of heart and blood pressure, blood glucose, tuberculosis testing, cholesterol and oxygen will be offered. Pow Wow dates are July 17 and 18, at Heritage Landing. The Grand Rapid.5 Inter-Tribal Council received $150 from Old Kent Bank and Trust Company's recent ribbon-cutting ceremony for it's new Bridgewater Place office. David Wagner.President and CEO,andJoyce Wong, manager of the Bridgewater office presented the money to Levi Rickert and Bill Dunlop representing GRITC. Actual bills, taped together, formed the "ribbon• for cutting. .Grand Rap ds Inter-Tr bal .Counc • 11 �JULY July2 July 2 • 4 July3 & 4 POW WOW DATES Michigan Commission on Indian Affairs - Meeting SAULT STE. MARIE, Ml 12th Annual Traditional Pow Wow & Spiritual Conference SAULT STE. MARIE, Ml 21st Annual Oneida Pow Wow ONEIDA, WI. Call (517) 373-0654. Call (906) 635-6054. Call (414) 833-6760 after 5 pm. July 13 · 18 July 17 & 18 July 17 & 18 HAYWARD, WI. 20th Annual Honor the Earth Traditional Pow Wow Call (715) 634-2100. Bucky Collins Memorial Pow Wow Call (616) 755-5857n44-9547 . 8th Annual Bay City Pow Wow BAY CITY, Ml. MUSKEGON, Ml. Call (517) 772-5700. July 23 · 26 15th Annual Traditional Pow Wow BARAGA, Ml. Call (906) 524-6534/353-6623 . July24 & 25 9th Annual "Honoring Our Heritage " Pow Wow FLINT, Ml. Call (313) 239-6621. (NOTE: DATES AND INFORMATION FOR POW WOWS IN CANADA,PLEASE CALL 774-8331) Non Profit Org. U.S. Postage PAID Permit No. 690 Grand Rapids, Ml Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council 45 Lexington, NW, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49504 • Library Grand Valley State Univ. Allendale Ml 49401 Tbis newsletter is funded in part by United Way, Office of Substance Abuse Seroices, Community Mental Health, and private donations. A Service of 0 uVlitedway � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_turtle-talk_v31993-07 Title A name given to the resource Turtle Talk, Volume 3, July 1993 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1993-07 Description An account of the resource July 1993 (volume 3) issue of Turtle Talk by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Barber, Marcia (Editor) Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/ea58f530a2b97df8f89f137bb3fd63aa.pdf 2fb7ee7d8f04a5c151a0bc18c51b3997 PDF Text Text Volume 3 August 1993 Number 8 Ta I K I YOUTH BUILDING LEADERSHIP by Hunter Genia RECENTLY RETURNED FROM A CONFERENCE IN Albuquerque which revitalized me in trying to mobilize youth for the year 2000. Over 700 Native youth participants at the conference representing many tribes have made a challenge to themselves of mobilizing youth in their own communities. UNITY (United National Indian Tribal Youth) which is located in Oklahoma was formed some 17 years ago under the leadership of] .R. Cook. Since their first conference of 250 youth they have had record number of Native youth turn out for the conferences which have reached around eleven-hundred. The turnout was smaller this year, some tribal govcrnmenr.s that would not let their youth attend because of the "mystery illness" in the Navajo Nation. Within in the last couple of years I have mentioned the ideas of youth councils. This concept has grown in Indian Country to the point where there are over li5 youth councils in the country. Youth councils allow young Anishnabeg to gain leadership skills by working on cultural, educational, environmental and community service projects. This also allows them to work on issues which effect our own community. They will be able to network with many tribal youth from around the country who face the same issues or arc working on similar projects, but yet are doing something for and in their own community. Native American youth are feeling isolated from the rest of the country, from other tribes. Local councils allow youth to have a voice where they had none before. At the conference some young people had told me about trouble they have not being heard when they approach their tribal council: "youth" is not on the tribal agenda - their concerns are passed over for hot topics like gaming. I told them I feel sorry for the people on the tribal council because they (the youth) are the future, the leaders of tomorrow. The next UNITY regional conference is scheduled to take place this fall, somewhere in the West Michigan area. I welcome all Native American youth to become involved. At least 200 are expected to participate, and funding assistance will come from the Kellogg Foundation. I would like to get more information on the UNITY conference of '94 and the Earth Ambassador training of '94. The Earth Ambassador training is something that could be valuable for youth who are interested in doing more about themselves and their environment. This last training took part in the Jemez Pueblo area. I had the continued on page 6 Grand Rap ds Inter-Tr bal .Council �August1993 From The Di rector GRITC BOARD OF DIRECTORS John Hutchinson PRESIDENT- VICE PRESIDENT- BOO-SHOO! THE COALITION FOR RACIAL AND ETHNIC DIVERSITY IS AN organization which was formed to deal with the issues of racism and set its mission to empower racial and ethnic groups. The Coalition met recently to discuss the economic challenges for minorities in the Grand Rapids area in a five-hour workshop. As a member of the Coalition, I was given the opportunity to present the American Indian perspective. Urban Indians across this country face many difficulties with little assistance from government or others. According to The American Indian Digest 0993 edition), "75% of the Indian work force earn less than $7,000, 45% live below the poverty level, and the average rate of unemployment is 45%." As we approach the year 2000, these are tragic numbers. Empowerment to the Indian does not always mean the same thing as it does to the Caucasian. Opportunities for American Indians may be protected by various Civil Rights Acts, but real opportunities for advancement for Indians do not always exist in the real world - corporate America. Many times, American Indians are forgotten when it comes to inclusiveness even among other minority groups. Frequently, if they have been hired, Indians have been the last hired, and the first fired. Historically, Indians were stripped of their land and selfdignity . lndians have been made to feel inferior to those of European decent. Indians were taught to forget their heritage and become "white" - they were stripped of their identity. So empowerment for Indians has to include restoring our dignity. From early school days until retirement, Indians must be given the opportunity to fully participate in society as productive citizens, not wards of society. The Coalition for Racial and Ethnic Diversity has much work to perform if its intent is to help eliminate racism. The Grand Hapid~ Inter-Tribal Council will continue to have a voice in the Coalition. Mary Roberts TREASURER- Andra Robinson SECRETARY- Rosie Holmberg MEMBERS: Loretta Antoine, Roger Williams, Jeanne Harding, Bill Dunlop, Rita Blumke, Jonie Abella, Francis Davis, Larry Peshaba, Bruce Trobridge T G R C S A F F Levi A. Rickert EXECUTIVE DIRECTORBUSINESS MANAGER- T Jeff Justin HUMAN SERVICES COORDINATOR- Lee Ann Campbell HUMAN SERVICES STAFF: Hunter Genia,Kristie Pagel,Loretta Yount, Carolyn Ogilvie-Cohen,Lew Burrows, Cindy Pigeon,Bill Dunlop SUPPORT STAFF: Denise Skorka,Chris Shomin,Diane Laureaux T U EDITOR· LAYOUT· R T L E T A L K Marcia E. Barber Two Eagles Marcus GRAPHICS ADVISOR- iii' Twrn~TALK's ¥. Michael Vanderwall MISSION IS TO PROVIDE rrs READER- SHIP wrrH REPORTS OF LOCAL AND NATIONAL INTEREST WI-OCT! MAY AFFECf AND IMPACT OUR NATIVE AMERICAN COMMUNITY. Twrru TALK WELCOME SUB- MISSIONS OF ANNOUNCEMENTS, ARTIC'LES AND POEMS (PARTICULARLY NATIVE HEALTH-RELATED) ACCOMPANIED BY THE SIGNATURE AND ADDRESS OF THE AUTHOR. SPACE IS LIMITED DUE TO FUNDING REQillREMENTS. Levi A. Rickert Executive Director DEADLINE FOR SUBMISSIONS IS THE FIRST WEEK OF THE MON"m FOR THE UPCOMING MONTH'S ISSUE. THE VIEWS EXPRESSED IN TURTLE TALK ARE THOSE OF TIIE AUTHOR AND NOT NECESSARILY ·mosE OF GRITC OR ITS BOARD OF DIRECTORS. TURTLE TALK IS PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE GRAND RAPIDS INTER-TRIBAL COUNCIL, 45 LEXINGTON AVENUE f'NV, GRAND RAPIDS, Ml 49504. PHONE (616) 774-8331, FAX (616) 774-2810. 2·~rand Rap ds Inter-Ir bal touncil �TURTLE TALK INFORMATION A ONE YEAR SUBSCRIPTION TO TURTLE TALK IS $5, ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTIONS OF $10 OR $15 AUGUST James Mccann Bob Stone Elizabeth Marshall Jim Foster Eddie Pigeon Martin Wesaw Jeanette St. Clair Clifford Bailey Corwin Emery Francis Peters Earl Schoenborn i(~ ITT I I I I BIRTHDAYS ARE GREATLY APPRECIATED. YOUR TAX-DEDUCTIBLE Jenna Pigeon Rose Hunt Michael Pigeon, Sr. Madeline McDonald Johnny Day Tony Genia Jim Genia Sherry Mamagona Doris Allerding Rosie Holmberg INTO A BIGGER AND BETTER SOURCE OF NEWS AND -, ~ll~°iil- --- 15% DISCOUNT WITH THIS AD! 6501 Soulh Division Grand l{apicls, Michigan 49548 Phone: (616) 281-3640 • Indian Jewelry • Indian Moccasins • • Custom Jewelry • Silver Repairs • I I I I I L----------.J CONTRIBUTIONS WILL HELP DEVELOP TURTLE TALK ENTERTAINMENT, AND KEEP YOU INFORMED OF HAPPENINGS IN OUR ANISHNABE COMMUNITY. ADVERTISING RATES FULL PAGE: $100/MONTH HALF PAGE: $50/MONTH QUARTER PAGE: $25/MONTH BUSINESS CARD: $1 5/MONTH TURTLE TALK DUE DATES: SUBMISSIONS TO TURLE TALK MUST BE RECEIVED IN OUR OFFICE BY THE FIRST WEEK OF EACH MONTH FOR THE UPCOMING MONTH'S ISSUE. DEADLINE FOR SEPTEMBER ISSUE: FRIDAY, AUGUST 6. DEADLINE FOR OCTOBER ISSUE: FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 3.(NOT ALL MATERIAL SUBMITTED CAN BE USED IN TURTLE TALK) Child Development Center For children 6 weeks to School age An innovative intergenerational concept in child care located on the campus of Porter Hills Presbyterian Village. located at 3600 E. Fulton, in Grand Rapids. Now accepting applications for enrollment! For information, please contact Sandy TenHagen at 940-4049. ·Owned By: P0!1er His Presbylerian Village ·Managed By: 1he Grand Rapids Metro. Yl./CAI Southeast Branch ·Financial Assistar.a; is Available. fr~ Four generations enjoyed the Homecoming of lhe Three Fires Pow Wow in June. From left: Florence Harris, Carolyn Ogilvie-Cohen, Angus Ogilvie-Cohen, Ann Ogilvie. In a naming ceremony, Angus received the name Pi-Moptote-Wa-Gosh (Running Fox). ~rand B.ap ds Inter-Ir I bal tounc 1•3 �··~·········································· HEALTH HOME REMEDIES YOU SHOULD NEVER USE: 1.DON'T APPLY BlJ'J TER, GREASE OR OTHER i:oons TO A11tJRN. These substances tend to hold in the heat and can even cause infections. Also don't use adhesive bandages or fluffy materials such as cotton balls. For minor burns, cool the heat with ice or cold water, then cover the wound with a gauze pad. Don't try to self-treat third-degree burns (which are charred and white), burns that arc larger than a quarter, or any burns on infants younger than a year. increases blood pressure and risk of heart disease. The combination of milk and baking soda is particularly hard on the kidneys, where calcium buildup can cause kidney stones or even kidney fail- 2. DON'T USE Al.COi iOi. BATHS TO REDUCE A FEVER. Asponge bath with cool vvatcr works better, plus you don't inhale noxious fumes. 6.Dcm'T ATrEMPT TO CUT OFF FOOT CORNS OR CALLUSE5. Although you may be tempted to hack away at the offending skin, such bathroom surgery can lead to serious infection. Also avoid medicated pads and over-the-counter corn removal treatments, which can cause ulcerations in the corn and may damage surrounding healthy tissue. 3. DON'T GIVE ASPIRIN TO CHILDREN lJNDER Tl 11: A(;E OF 15 TO Rl'DUCE FEVER. In kids with upper respiratory tract infection, chicken pox or the flu , aspirin can trigger Rcyc's syndrome, a rare but potentially deadly neurological illness. Acetaminophen (such as Tylenol) is safe. ure. 5.Dcm'T WEAR APATCH OVER A RED, ITCHY EYE. If the irritation arises from a bacterial infection, the warmth and moisture behind the patch will only serve to increase the bacteria and make it worse. i. DON'T TRl'i\T ULCERS WITI I MILK OR BAKING SODA. Milk feels good going down, but the fats, protein and especially the calcium trigger the release of stomach acid. And using baking soda repetitively can k:ad to a sodium overload, which 7.DON'T TREAT SPRAINS OR STRAINS WITH HEAT. Or at least wait 48 to 72 hours after the injury before you do. Heat will increase circulation to the injured area, and thus increase swelling. To treat sprains, remember RICE: Rest to take the pressure off; apply Ice to relieve pain and reduce swelling; wrap with a Compression bandange to prevent fur- 4-~rand Inter-Ir 1 Hap ds bal ther swelling and provide support; and Elevate the sprain above the heart to reduce swelling. 8. DON'T SLAP ACHOKING PERSON ON THE BACK. If the person is able to cough, leave him alone. Hitting a coughing victim on the back may drive the obstruction further down the airway. If the person is not coughing or breathing, you need to perform the Heimlich maneuver to dislodge the blockage. Stand behind the victim and, with your arms around him, clench one fist and place it, thumbknuckle inward, at a spot above the navel and below the rib cage. Hold your fist with the other hand and pull both hands toward you with a quick apward thrust into the abdomen. The procedure is slightly different for infants and ~hildren - consult your local Red Cross for details . 9.DON'T BREAK BLISTERS CAUSED BY BURNS OR FRICf!ON. A blister forms a natural bandage that allows a wound to heal and prevents infection. If the blister is in such an awkward spot that it breaks accidentally, be sure to leave the skin flap intact, or the area will be painful and vulnerable to infection. ,Counc �••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• HEALTHY, LOW-COST SNACKS FOR HOT SUMMER DAYS Kids need more energy than adults, especially during active summer vacation days. They need re-fueling frequently, between meals. These pick-me-up snacks need not spoil their appetite for dinner, but they will give them an extra kick for play. FHUIT WIGG LIES - fun finger food 3 envelopes unflavored gelatin 1 can (12 oz.) frozen apple, orange, or grape juice concentrate 3/lt cup boiling water Dissolve gelatin in boiling water. Add juice and stir until mixed. Pour into lightly buttered 9 x 13 pan. Chill for several hours. Cut into squares or use cookie cutters in interesting shapes. Play and eat. Cl IEE/.IES - for little house mice I cup flour I cup shredded Cheddar cheese I/2 teaspoon Worcestershire sauce (if desired) a dash of salt (if desired) 1/2 cup soft butter or margarine Combine all ingredients in bowl and knead to form dough. Chill for half an hour. Shape into balls about 1 teaspoon each! Place on ungreased cookie sheet 2 " apart. Flatten with a fork. Bake at 350 degrees for 12 minutes. CANOES - crunch on the run a supply of celery stalks chunky peanut butter r:iisins Spread celery canoes with peanut butter and top with raisins. APPLE CORES - try different kinds of apples 6 apples 1 cup chunky peanut butter 1/ 2 cup Rice Krispics shredded Cheddar cheese 1/4 cup raisins Cut apples in half and scoop out cores and seeds, making a hollow in each half. Mix peanut butter with cereal, raisins and cheese. Spoon into prepared apple halves. Cut into slices for small children. CRUNCI I BARS - for a cool, rainy day 2 eggs 1/ 2 cup unsweetened applesauce 2 cups granola (or cereal) Beat eggs well and blend into applesauce. Add granola and stir well until mixed. Spread in 8" square pan that is lightly buttered. Press firmly into pan. Bake at 350 degrees for 20 minutes. Cut into bars and serve. MOO j UICE - an interesting combination I can (6 oz.) frozen orange juice concentrate 2-1 / 2 cups milk Combine ingredient-; and mix well in a blender or by hand ~rand Bapids Inter-Ir bal tounc •5 �THE IMPORTANCE OF SELF-ESTEEM Feeling good about yourself enables you to: A CCl' PT CHAL L E NG ES When you have high self-esteem, you're not afraid to develop your abilities. You're willing to risk trying new things. If you don't try, you can't grow. you to involve yourself completely with whatever you're doing. Whole hearted effort helps to bring improvement to performance. REMAIN E N R I C II Y 0 lJ R L I F E Ilappy people arc a joy to be around. Uy being happier with yourself, you'll be eager to meet new friends. By being more comfortable and open about yourself, you'll develop closer relationships . :\I A I '\ ·1 1\ I N SE L F - C 0 N FI D ENC E Bclicving you can do something is half the battle; it allows MICHIGAN INDIAN EMPLOYMENT & TRAINING SERVICES, INC. Region Ill 2 Fountain Place 60 N. Division Grand Rapids, Ml 49503 ACTIVITIES & SERVICES Career Guidance: A para-professional counseling service to help applicants assume responsibility for making career plans and decisions. Job Referral: Qualified applicants are referred to employment after they have demonstrated they possess the required skills or abilities to do the job. Classroom Training: Assistance is provided in obtaining a GED or high school diploma. work Experience: A short-term employment program for adults and youth over 14 years to develop basic working skills and provide job training in specific areas. FLEXIBLE Change isn't easy. It's unfamiliar and frightening at times. However, a positive self-image makes it easier to accept new ideas and ways of doing things. You Be the person you want to be; Enjoy others more fully; Offer more of yourself to the world .. WITH HI G H SELF-ESTEEM, CONTINUED FROM COVER. chance to help facilitate these trainings and watch these young people grow and move past barriers which had held them up before. We had people like Tom Goldtooth of the Indigenous Environmental Network (IEN) come and do presentations, Bea Shawanda from Canada who was the keynote trainer all week, Sherry McKasoto from the Native Lands Institute do a presentation and elders from the Jemez Pueblo who came and shared their culture, experience and motivated our participants to be leaders. The Earth Ambassadors are made up of Native youth from all around the country who have applied to become part of the program. Any person interested in the UNITY conference or Earth Ambassador program can contact myself or the UNITY office at 1-405-4243010 and ask for Harlan or JR. There are a few young people who are interested in starting a youth council in Grand Rapids and if you're intercsted, please let me know so I can get us all together. One of their goals will be raising money to attend the UNITY conference next year to represent Grand Rapids. Call: (616) 451-1920 6 •~ r a n d B a p d s .J n t e r - I r CAN: b a I .C o u n c �ANNOUNCEMENTS GRITC BOARD OF DIRECTORS ELECTS NEW OFFICERS: Please note the new officers of GRITC, elected at the General Board Meeting, May 27, 1993: President John llutchinson; Vice President Mary Roberts; Secretary - Rosie I!olmberg; Treasurer - Andra Robinson; Members - Loretta Antoine, Roger Williams, Bill Dunlop, Rita Blumke, Jonie Abella, Jeanne Ilarding, Francis Davis, Larry Peshaba, Bruce Trobridge. CONGRATULATIONS TO TWO LOCAL ACHIEVERS: On June 28 the Young Eagles went to Mt. Pleasant to participate in the Indian Family Olympics. We are pround to announce thatjudy Shriner came back with a second place medallion. And congratulations to Jennie Pearl Pigeon, who won a statewide president.al physical fitness award from I lopkins Public School, and carried a B average since the 3rd grade. She received a pin and a certificate. GRITC SELLING T-SHIRTS & SWEATSHIRTS: We have 1993 Pow Wow t-shirts, plus a small supply of 1992 Pow Wow shins and those with the GRITC logo .Grand on them. All t-shirts in stock will sell for $7.00 (limited sizes available). Shop early for Christmas - there are children sizes of sweatshirts with the GRITC logo on them available for $7.95. Call Denise at 774-8331 for size requests. No new orders will be taken at this time. BAY MILLS COMMUNITY COLLEGE GAINS ACCREDITATION: The two-year college on the Bay Mills Indian Reservation has recently gained acreditation, so all credits earned at Bay Mills will be transferable to any other four-year college. SENIORS' TRIP: Watch for updoming details of a Seniors' Trip to Sault Ste. Marie in September. For more information, contact Loretta or Bill D. at 774-8331 . MUSKEGON COUNTY HEALTH SCREENINGS: The Health Department announces free immunizations, hearing and vision testing (ages 3-21) , along with general health screenings, at St. Mary's of the Woods Catholic Church, Lakewood Club. Days are every Tuesday and Wednesday from August 10 through Sept. 1. Please call 724- Hap ds 1203 to schedule an appointment. All families welcome. NATIVE AMERICAN COUNCIL OF MUSKEGON: The next Board meeting will be held August 31 at 6:00 pm. The location isyet to be announced. Call 774-4167 or 724-4410 for more information. SUMMER FUN IN GRAND RAPIDS: · The Grand Rapids Parks and Recreation Department announce summer activities for the whole family. Swimming lessons are offered at four outdoor pool sites: Briggs, Garfield, Richmond and King Park. Adult, youth, preschool and lifeguard training classes will be taught. Supervised playgrounds located throughout the city offer planned recreation activities Monday through Friday, including arts & crafts, games, storytelling, team games and free play. A federally funded free lunch is provided at eligible sites. The 20th Annual Michigan Senior Golf Tournament for those over 55 years will be held September 23 at Indian Trails Golf Course. For more information on any of these programs, call 456-3696. !nter-.Iribal .Counc I •7 �AUGUST POW WOW DATES August 7 & 8 Little Elk's Retreat Traditional Pow Wow MT. PLEASANT, Ml. Call (517) 772-5700. August 7 & 8 Land of the Menominee Pow Wow KESHENA, WI. Call (715) 799-5114. August 6-8 2nd Annual Odawa Homecoming Pow Wow HARBOR SPRINGS, Ml. Call (616) 526-6939. August 14 & 15 17th Annual Traditional Leonard J. Pamp Pow Wow BURLINGTON, Ml. Call (616) 729-9434. August 12-15 Elders' Council and Pow Wow CROSS VILLAGE, Ml. Call (616) 348-3410. August 14 & 15 11th Annual Traditional Pow Wow Honoring All Veterans LEBANON, IN. Call (317) 482-3315. 4th Annual Traditional Anishnabeg Mom-Weh Indian Center Pow Wow RAPID RIVER, Ml. (906) 786-0556. August 27-29 , ... Non Profit Org. U.S. Postage PAID Permit No. 690 Grand Rapids, Ml Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council 45 Lexington, NW, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49504 • Library Grand Valley State Univ. Allendale Ml 49401 A Service of Address correction requested 'Ib is newsletter is funded in part by United Way, Office of Substance Abuse Seroices, Community Mental /-lea/th, and private donations. .. ~ urntedway � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_turtle-talk_v31993-08 Title A name given to the resource Turtle Talk, Volume 3, August 1993 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1993-08 Description An account of the resource August 1993 (volume 3) issue of Turtle Talk by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Barber, Marcia (Editor) Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/08a498138921627e9bbc86360f79fab8.pdf 15aa29c05401f08fe75f10a5f9e8b4fc PDF Text Text Volume 3 September 1993 Number 9 TalK ·-··-· • rand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council's Executive Director, Levi A. Ricken, has been head of the organization for just over a year. Before that he served as a Board member, and has seen many changes occur in the last couple of years. He spent some time looking over the way GRITC has evolved, and gives Turtle Talk his thoughts on direction for the future. How has GRITC changed over the past year? The agency has down-sized in terms of number of staff in the last year. Is that good? I'm not sure. I feel bad that we didn't have a summer youth program this summer. But I think it's time for GRITC to really get a hold of what we have. It goes along with what I said last year, that I would rather do three or four things well than have ten or twelve things done poorly. Traditionally, I don't feel that a lot of funding sources and government agencies have been real kind to lndian groups in particular. On a national basis we are prolY.ibly average or below average, only because we have not had the technical assistance. It's all about survival. It's not that we don't feel good about GRITC and who we are, it's just that we're always worried about survival, and that's real troubling. What are some of our successes? I'm real happy with our Prevention program, what we have been able to do with Young Eagles. You see a lot of community unity, as evidenced by our special events and potlucks. We've had a tremendous amount of parent participation this year, and that's crucial when you're dealing with children. This coming year we are looking at doing some more things within Prevention, like parenting classes, a womens' group - I'm real happy with that, I think that is significant. Within Prevention, we are looking at some things that will help children in school this fall. We found our Indian kids are doing fairly well in elementary school, but something happens at junior high school age, and we lose a lot of them in high school. I'm worried about that and am looking to intensify our efforts to keep them in school. The art show is something we ar~ pretty proud of; We sold over $9,000 worth of art our first year. This event really gave an opportunity for GRITC to show another aspect of our very rich culture. continued on page 4 Grand Rap ds Inter-Tr bal ~ouncil �September 1993 From The Director GRITC BOARD OF DIRECTORS PRESIDENT- Boo Shoo! lhic.; summer members of the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council and the Huron Pot.awatomi Tribe worked dasely to secure the remains and personal belongings of an Ottawa Indian which were OO:ermined to be 200 years old A contraaor clis:overed these remains late last fall when he ~rted to dig the footings to a frundation to an addition on a cottage at Gun Lake, Michigan. Kathy Stinger and Ron Chivis, tribal leaders of Huron Potawatomi Tribe, approached the Council after the remainc.; had been turned over to them for proper burial without the personal belongings of the Indian. The property owners at Gun lake felt they owned the belongings and were reluaant to turn them over to us so that everything could be buried together once again. After two meetings with the landowners, they gave us the personal belongings. Recently, Frank Bush officiated over the re-burial of the Unknown Indian with a full pipe ceremony. Now, we have the b7f'dVC of the Unknown Indian. ·1his situation, as well as others, which Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council has been involved in rt.'Cent months brings to focus the need for &ronger laws which protecr the remains of American Indians in the State of Michigan. It is estimated that nationwide there are some 6CX),(XX) Indian remainc.; that are currently held in private collections and museums. Indian life, whether living or dead for centuries, has value and must be protected with human dignity. Currently, there are two House bills at the Legislature in Lansing (Hou.~ Bill<> 4052, and 4053) which deal with archaeological i$ues surrounding burial rightc.;, cultural items and remains of Indian peoples. Srate Representative ]aleph F. Young, Jr., Chairman, State Affairs Committee, intrcxiuced this legislation earlier this year. I encourage you to write our representatives to urge them to pass this legislation. The Council has the names and addresses of all representatives in Lansing; please call me if you need assistance. It's back to school time for students. Please support student efforts to receive a good education. If you know of teen-aged American Indian youth who are not attending school, find out why! Education for American Indians is imp::>rtant and essential as we apprO'dch the year 2CX)(). The Council is committed to quality education for all lndianc.;. John Hutchinson VICE PRESIDENT- Mary Roberts TREASURER- Andra Robinson SECRETARY- Rosie Holmberg MEMBERS: Loretta Antoine, Roger Williams, Jeanne Harding, Bill Dunlop, Rita Blumke, Jonie Abella, Francis Davis, Larry Peshaba, Bruce Trobridge G R T C S A F F Levi A. Rickert EXECUTIVE DIRECTORBUSINESS MANAGER- T Jeff Justin HUMAN SERVICES COORDINATOR- Lee Ann Campbell HUMAN SERVICES STAFF: Hunter Genia,Kristie Pagel,Loretta Yount, Carolyn Ogilvie-Cohen,Lew Burrows, Cindy Pigeon,Bill Dunlop SUPPORT STAFF: Denise Skorka,Chris Shomin,Diane Laure aux T U EDITORLAYOUT- R T L E T A L K Marcia E. Barber Two Eagles Marcus GRAPHICS ADVISOR- Michael Vanderwall .TURTLE T ALK'S MISSION IS TO PROVIDE ITS !! READERSHIP WITH REPOirrS OF LOCAL AND NATIONAL INTERESr WHICH MAY AFFECT AND IMPACT OUR NATIVE AMERICAN COMMUNITY. TURTLE TALK WELCOME SUBMISSIONS OF ANNOUNCEMENTS, ARTICLES AND POEMS (PARTICULARLY NATIVE HEALTH- RELATED) ACCOMPANIFD BY 1llE SIGNATIJREAND ADDRESS OF 1llE AU"IHOR. SPACE IS LIMlTIID DUE TO FUNDING REQUIREMENrS. DEADUNE R>R SUBMISSIONS Levi A. Rickert Exc..x:utivc Dirc..x.tor IS 1llE HRST WEEK OF 11IE MONIH R>R 1llE UPCOMING MONIH' S ISSUE. THE VIEWS EXPRESSED IN TURTLE TALK ARE THOSE OF TiiE AU"IHOR AND NOT NECE.SSAR.ll..Y THOSE oF GRITC oR rrs BoARD OF DIRE.croRS. TURTLE TALK IS PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE GRANO RAPIDS INTER-TRIBAL COUNCIL, 45 LEXINGTON AVENUE tm, GRAND RAPIDS, Ml 49504. 2-~rand Rap ds Inter-Jr bat touncil �SEPTEMBER BIRTHDAYS Loretta Yount Rob Herr Louis Wesaw Jimmy Bush, Jr. Sandra Floyd Sean Winters Dorothy Medacco Karen M. Boda Tom Herr Faron Bowen Nicholas Cavasos Gary Rueckert Harold Shaw Jennie Pigeon Helen Hillman Melissa Shomin Rachele Hillman Kevin Ives, Jr. Loraine "Olive" Pigeon Robert Comer, Jr. Grace Peters Darcy Crampton Tanya Raphael Helen Chippewa Sandra Sanchez Toni VandeVoren John Noah TURTLE TALK INFORMATION A one year subscription to Turtle Talk is $5. For our reasonable advertising rates, call the office at 774-8331. TURTLE TALK DUE DATES: Submissions to Turtle Talk must be received in our office by the first week of each month for the upcoming month's issue. (Not all material submitted can be used in Turtle Talk) PLEASE GET ALL ANNOUNCEMENTS IN TO TURTLE TALK BY THE FIRST WEEK OF THE MONTH BEFORE THE EVENT. A letter to the Indian community, sent to Shirley Francis, who shares it with Turtle Talk readers: Ms. Francis , I wanted to write a few lines to let someone know how much my children and I enjoyed the 1st Annual "Honor Our Mother Earth" Pow Wow in Cadillac, Michigan this past weekend. I had never been to a Pow Wow and did not know what to expect. What I found was an atmosphere of reverence, honor and joyfulness. The reasons for the different dancing was very interesting to me. I was particularly impressed by the honor shown to veterans. I also appreciated the fact that during times of prayer and honor, men had to remove their hats and we stood together and pictures were not allowed. So often when many people are gathered in one place for any type of celebration or ceremony there are many vendors who cheapen the meaning by selling junk and calling it authentic (rubber tomahawks, imitation clothing, roach clips with feathers, etc.). I was glad that the vendors involved this weekend sold only authentic crafts. The food was simple and very good. It was my first taste of buffalo. It was a wonderful experience for myself and my two children, who do have a bit of Native American heritage through their father. There were many people involved whose names I don't know, but some of the people whose names I heard, I wanted to share. They were friendly and let us have pictures of them in their beautiful clothing . They were John and Stephanie Bird (Byrd), Kenny Pheasant, Larry Laughing Bear, and Two Bulls, the storyteller. Most of all I wanted to thank you for sharing this ceremony with others and letting us see an important part of your lives. I am already looking forward to going again t<( Camp Cadillac next year for the 2nd Annual Pow Wow. . . \J Sincerely, Grand Rap ds Inter-Ir bal tounc 1•3 �CONTINUED FROM COVER. How important is volunteerism? As funding gets tighter and money is dwindling, I think volunteers become more and more crucial. We want to maintain the same output. We can't use volunteers for counseling and casemanagement, but we have to have an output of services as an agency. We see a lot of involvement at Pow Wow time. I think the main purpose of the Pow Wow to many on the Board is to maintain the integrity as a gathering place and time for our people. In a broader sense, the community at large has really bought into the richness of the Native American heritage, as evidenced by the vast number of people who show up every ycar number of members from 9 to 13, and that provides GRITC with new ideas. Across Indian country people want to deal with the hard issues like alcoholism and education. I think our new board members want to do all they can to reinforce what we have here, but move in a new direction in helping the council. We want to do more networking with other Indian organizations around the state and the country. Our youth are attending conferences with other Indian youth, our seniors are going up to Sault Ste. Marie in September, we're involved with the Urban Indian Consortium in planning a pow wow in Detroit this fall, we're linking Indians from all parrs of the state together. What are some directions for the future? What does GRITC mean to the community? For the future we want to look at the areas of education, and perhaps housing - there are still a large number of Indians who are homeless. If there are monies coming from federal government targeted for Indians we want to investigate those.: sources. We know that we have to do some things internally before we can move forward, but it doesn't hurt to explore future possibilities. Dr. Irv Berkowitz has been a tremendous resource for this council over the past year. He helps give me direction quite often, as far as how social agencies should be run, and I rely on him heavily to help us in those areas. The board is now relative new, having increased the Beyond areas we are funded for, the Indian population depends on us to provide information, education, services. People call this council for drumming, dancing, cooking, · genealogy, requests we don't get funded for. These are really exciting times for Indians, because the stigma isn't as bad as it used to be - to be an Indian - but it's exciting because we can feel good about who we are, participate in society better than in the past. We still have a long way to go, but those who are willing to go to the forefront to fight for rights for Indians will be able to see some of those things come to fruition because the climate in Airerica is definitely changing. p~ ITT ~llHllI I I ----: 15% DISCOUNT WTI1I TIIlS AD! 6501 South Division Grand Rapids, Michigan 49548 Phone: (616) 281-3640 •Indian Jewelry • Indian Moccasins • • Custom Jewelry • Silver Repairs • I I I L----------.J 4•Grand .Rapids Inter-Iribal VETERANS' POW WOW PLANNING COMMITTEE The committee needs your help and involvement to plan and carry out this year's Veterans' Pow Wow. The date of the event is Saturday, November 13, from 12 noon to 1Opm at the Ford Fieldhouse in downtown Grand Rapids. Please join the meetings, every Tuesday night at 5 pm at GRITC. ~ounc �r--"'NATIVE-AMERICAN PARENT COMMITTEE ~ ~ I ~ ~ ' ~ 1 ~ ~ I II Title V: Native American Education Program A N N U A L ELECTIONS September 8, 1993 at 6:30 pm West Middle School Building, Room 241 615 Turner, NW - Grand Rapids As stipulated by Title V, Part C. all parents of Indian grade school and high school students, teachers and II counselors of the ~rand Rapids Public Schools, and K~~t lnterme?iate School Districts are eligi~I~ for el~ction to ~ the Parent Committee and are encouraged to participate. Jam other parents who are stnvmg to improve L:_~-~r~"~~-=~~8o~:_______ ,_ ,,. ... N , , ,~ "'H""""' ... .. N .N _ __ _ _,,,,,,,,,,, __ __ ,,,,..,,,,,,,,,, ""'"" ,, ~ I ,,..J ~ educational services for our Anishnabe students. For more information, call 771-3318 or 771-2129, or Lora MICHIGAN INDIAN EMPLOYMENT & TRAINING SERVICES, INC. Region Ill 2 Fountain Place &> N. Division Grand Rapids, Ml 49503 Child Development Center For children 6 weeks to School age An innovalive intergeneratJonal ACTIVITES & SERVICES concepi in child care located on career Guldlnee: the campus of Porter Hills A para-professional counseling service to help applicalts assume responsibility for making Presbyterian Village. localed at 3600 E. Fulton, in Grand Rapids. Now accepting applications for enrollment! For information, please contact Sandy TenHagen at 940-4049. ·Owned By: Pt>ner Hils Presbyterian Village •Managed By: The Grand Rapids Meire. Y~AI Sour.east Branen - financial Assi~tance is Available. career plans and decisions. Job Referrll: Qualified applicants are reterrecl to employment after they have demonstrated they possess the recpred skills or abilities to do the job. Classroom Training: Assistance is provided in oblaining a GED or high school diploma. wort Experience: A short-tenn employment program for adults and youth over 14 years to develop basic working skUls ·and provide job training in specific areas. Call: (616) 451·1920 Ci rand Rapids Inter-Tribal ~ouncil •5 �State of Michigan Department of Education Public Act 174of1976, As Amended MICHIGAN INDIAN TUITION WAIVER PROGRAM The Michigan Indian Tuition Waiver Program is an Act to provide free tuition for North American Indians in public state community or public junior colleges, public colleges or public universities. Here are some common questions about this program. Q. What is the most expensive part of a college education? A. Tuition. In college, the tuition cost is based on the number of credit hours for each course you take. The cost of tuition is waived for North American Indians who qualify for this state-sponsored program. Q. Do all North American Indians qualify for this program? A. The program is for all North American Indians who: • are Michigan residents for 12 consecutive months; • are not less than 1/4 blood quantum as certified by the person's tribal association and verified by the Michigan Commission on Indian Affairs. Q. What are the steps for certification? A. Your tribal organization or the Bureau of Indian Affairs can certify your blood quantum. You will need background information such as names of parents, grandparents and other relatives believed to have an American Indian bloodline. Be prepared to answer questions about your relatives, such as: • did they Jive on or near a reservation? If yes, for how long? Are they still alive? Did they have any contact with the federal government? After you have answered these questions to the best of your ability, contact one of these agencies: U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Indian Affairs Michigan Agency P.O. Box 884 Sault Ste. Marie, MI 49783 (906) 632-6809 U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Indian Affairs Office of Tribal Enrollment Washington, DC 20240 (202) 343-3592 • National Archives & Records Administration Natural Resources Branch - Archivist Bureau of Indian Affairs 8th at Pennsylvania Ave., NW Washington, DC 20408 (202) 523-3238 6 • G. r a nd H a p ds I nt er- r- r ba I .C o u n c . . �Proving your ancestry can be one of the longest processes that you will ever go through. For some people, it takes years, so begin today! Q. What are the steps for verification? A. Complete an Indian higher education tuition waiver application (you may use this same form for certification). You must specify which public institution of higher education to which you will apply. Q. Am I required to fill out any additional forms at the college I am applying to? A. Yes. Each college has its own requirements for financial assistance. All higher education institutions have a short financial aid application that must be filled out in order to process the tuition waiver. Q. When should I begin the tuition waiver and financial aid application process? A. At the same time you apply for admission. It will take at least 3 months to process your application for the tuition waiver, so apply early. Remember, applying for admission to a college is separate from the financial services process. Most 4year colleges encourage students to apply for admission at the beginning of the fall term of their senior year of high school. Q. What if I want to apply to more than one school or if I transfer to a different school? A. You send the tribal certification to the Commission one time only. However, you will need to complete a separate Indian higher education tuition waiver application for each school and complete all admissions and financial aid forms that each college requires. Indian Higher Education Tuition Waiver Application Forms are available from: • tribal education departments; • high school Title IV Indian education counselors; • financial services departments at each public college and university~• Michigan Commission on Indian Affairs. Q. can a North American Indian use this program to go to any college or university? A. To any Michigan public community college or university. This program only guarantees tuition payment, not admission. Admission is determined by individual schools. Q. Do I have to attend college as a full-time student to use the waiver program? A. No. The tuition waiver program also covers part-time and summer school students. Q. Are there programs which cover other college costs (room & board, books, fees, etc.)? A. Yes. There are federal, state, and private grant and loan programs to apply for in addition to the tuition waiver program. For more information or an explanation of the financial aid process for these programs, make an appointment with a financial services advisor at a college or university. If possible, bring your parents. If you have further questions or concerns, contact: Michigan Commission On Indian Affairs 611 West Ottawa Street P.O. Box 30026 Lansing, Ml 48909 (517) 373-0654 .Grand Hap ds Inter-Tribal ~ounc I •7 �- fl:sihEV.:o.1:;:1:0:A1Ds~" l:ii}i~ROW1NG GATHERINGW·GlVfNG:: tl @Knowledge I~~~~I~~lit~ Alive (t,ach how do it) by Angukuaq (Richard I.aFortune) D oes this sound like a method (and values) for living in a traditional culture? Perhaps for hunting and gathering - out in the woods or near the water? You arc exactly right. How did you know the answer? Some of us grew up with that knowledge, on the reservation - possibly in the city. Maybe our grandparents or parents taught us how to show respect to the Earth. Some of us had to learn it by book-learning, or hearing about it from others. Here's the mysterious part: I'm not talking about berries, rcx>t'i and fish . When we work in the area of HIV disease there are other survival issues we have to consider very seriously. If we do not use what we have wisely, what will we do when times get tougher? If we don't share knowledge about wise management, how can we hope that others will do it after us? Taking care of the Earth's resources in a practical and respectful way can be compared to how we take care of our own inner resources. When we take care of ourselves it means that we don't run out of the qualities that keep us alive and feeling well. Only when our spirit, heart, mind, and body arc nourished can we take care of others and give them our best. These ideas, given to us by our foremothers and forefathers, are helping us work in chemical health, HIV and AIDS, healing our families, and other ways of making the circle whole. Here are some ideas and questions that can be used as focxl for thought. The objective is to look at how we · maintain balance, both personally and professionally. Consider The Season It's hard to gather blueberries in the winter, and impossible to travel by dogsled when the grass is growing. Do you ever get the feeling that we try to do things the hard 8 • (i others r a nd R a p i d s I n t e r - T· r way? What is happening for me in terms of time? Is it the holiday season, which can be a difficult time for me? Perhaps I need to take steps to deal with emotions connected to that time of year, so that I do not feel distracted when I'm working in my office or at the clinic. It could mean that my budget year is coming to an end and I have to allot some special time for year-end reports. Is today the anniversary of my mother's death, or that of my lover? Is the the anniversary of my diagnosis? Is the rainy season a time when I feel depressed more often than usual? · Harvest Carefully (leave something to grow for the future) We don't harvest all of the salmon or wild rice; some is always left to return or grow for the next season. If I use all of my energy and resources on a big projec~ and forget to ask for help, I might find myself caught short for other important matters. Is my calendar too full? We all do it from time to time, but how often is too often? The magic word isn't always please, sometimes it is no. Does it leave enough time for my children, or my husband, or my sweetheart? Am I trying to do too many things at once? I don't want to burn out this year and feel useless next year. Work Together Making a longboat out of an eighty-foot cedar tree can be a hard thing to do alone. That's why everyone has certain responsibilities and talents that are used when creating these incredible vessels. Some of the northern people have always sat back-to-back when gathering plant foods, because that way they knew when a bear was coming! It took many years for me to realize that I'm not a bad person or a weak person if I need help. I still hesitate sometimes before asking for ba I t o u n c �help, but I'm getting better. Maybe I should check over the list Share of people who are my support group. Are there differences of Whether there is abundance or not, the principle of opinion that make it hard for sometimes (or all of the time)? sharing permeates our teachings. It continues to astonish nonHow can these differences be resolved? Native people who may never have had the opportunity to learn that by sharing everything we have, we gain more than Save Some For Later (some to use now, we can give. Even more surprising is the fact that those things which we give away, increase in value to both parties some seeds to plant) Yes, I'm hungry now, but I don't want to eat the whole thing. involved. Can we share our work, our joy, our discoveries, The practical thing to do is to save some for tomorrow: freeze and our pain? The difficult things become more manageable, it, smoke it, or dry it for the winter when food is scarce. I the joyous things become celebrations when we share. want to save the best seeds for planting when the warm weather returns. Maybe I can try to set aside a small amount Keep The Knowledge Alive (teach others from each paycheck, just in case I need it sometime. Can I how to do it) conserve my energy by figuring out what I really need to do Each generation does not have to go through the process rather than trying to attend every single board and committee of learning things from scratch. We certainly can add to meeting? existing bodies of information. This is how all of our traditional understandings of plant medicines and healing techniques come down to us. Keeping a healthy body (am I Use What We Have Wisely Perhaps there is potential for a state-wide network of getting enough rest, enough exercise, enough food, too much Native HIV educators in your region. Among the elders in our or enough sex?). Ta.king care of our physical selves is a community there are rich sources of cultural memory and learning process, requiring a great deal of patience for many of pride. Can our ciders be actively involved in HIV work? Are us. there artist~ or activists in my area who are conscious of This is only a sketch of some of the ways that we may including HIV and AIDS in their work, people who have the be able to adapt the philosophy of conservation. We really do respect and attention of the people in my community? Are have to "save some" for later, for ourselves, for our children, there providers who want to meet the cultural needs of Native and for those who will be living here long after we leave. The individuals and families affected by HIV? If I am HIV positive fact that we are working in the field of HIV (including the can I meet with other HIV positive Native people from a fivemany members of our community who are HIV positive or county or reservation area for monthly support and strategic living with AIDS) means we are part of the Great Healing that planning meetings? we see taking place among our people. This healing process has an irresistible momentum and is also a full time job in itself. Give Thanks The foods and materials we have always depended on I want to keep growing, gathering, and giving. I am exist in the world as gifts to our people. We work hard to needed to keep the circle complete. incorporate these resources into our everyday lives and we are taught to say thank you to the appropriate beings for these (Reprinted with permission from "SEASONS" 1be National gift~. Likewise, the people in our lives who work with us Native American AIDS Prevention 'Center Quarterly) deserve appreciation and recognition. Are there family members, people in our AA group, or administrators who deserve some recognition? What about spiritual or tribal leaders or state senators? Grand Rap ds Inter-Ir bal tounc 1•9 �••••••• • •• ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• by Bill Dunlop I • 1 1 a c They called him "Lilac" and it wasn't because he smelled like one. But he was a nice old guy, balding, thin of build. One of those kind that are never cross, always smiling. He had a yen for booze. He didn't work anywhere - either couldn't or wouldn't. He slept down by the river in summer, and in the Mel Trotter mission in the winter. The mission also kept him in clean clothes. He took a shower and shaved there once in a while. I was a bartender in a "skid-row" bar called the Theater Bar. I let Lilac hang around there and codge drinks because he made him5clf useful, not only to me, but to the customers. Ile would gladly run errand'>, tell lies on the telephone to customers' bosses or wives, that kind of thing. It was a usual thing for a customer to come in and say, "G ive me a drink Bill, and give Lilac one." When he had "one too many" l let him sleep it off on the empty beer cases in the storcr<x>m. The waitresses, however, weren't very kind to Lilac (he wasn't at all handsome). When he got a little too loud or got in their way "Get out of here you bum," I heard them yell as they pushed him out the back door. One day two well-dressed men came in the door, white shirt-; and tics, polished shoes, definitely not the Theatre Bar type. "Detectives," I said to the guys, "looking for some poor guy to put in the 'gray- bar hotel'." "ls Harold Billingsly around?" they asked. "l don't know anyone named Harold Billingsly," I told them. "But all the people on the street said he is always here." "I know everyone on the 'row' and I don't know anyone named Billingsly," I said. Then as they started to walk out one of the boys told me, "Those aren't cops and Lilac's real name is Harold Billingsly." "Wait a minute!" l shouted at the two men. I hurried to the store room, woke Lilac up and asked his real name. When he said Harold Billingsly, I told him to get up and come out to the bar. It turns out that these men were lawyers. Lilac's brother 10 • ~ r a nd R a p had died in North Carolina. lilac was the only heir and was the recipient of $148,000 through the will. A huge sum anytime, but in 1958 it was even bigger (a quarter would get you a bottle of premium beer at that time). Lilac was flown to North Carolina, and when he came back he was a rich man. I hardly recognized him He had on a $200 sui~ alligator shoes, and I had never seen lilac with a proper haircut. He quickly made it a habit to buy everyone in the bar a drink. My boss and I both loved it! They say you can't buy love, but lilac had bought genuine affection. He seemed to have money in every pocket and the supply of it was inexhaustible. Seemingly, that is. All the skid row characters fawned over Lilac unashamedly. He was suddenly MR. lilac. The same waitresses who had thrown him out the door into the alley now sat on his lap, kissed his bald head and called him "Honey." He threw so much money around the bar I almost kissed him on his bald head. "B" girls are always worried about their ren~ but Lilac paid it for them - by the year! To them he was ST. Lilac. On and on it went. Lilac fed the hungry and clothed the pretty girls. He gave drink to the multitude, the petty thieves got quite a piece of the inheritance. It took quite a while, but all good things come to an end and so it was with lilac's money. He went broke. My, how the people changed when they learned he was broke! He went back to sleeping down by the river, eating in the Mission. lilac knew the routine well. The same waitresses resumed throwing him out the back door. Gone was all the fawning over him. He lost the title Mr. and was just plain Lilac once more. He quickly took up right where he left off cleaning the toilets, washing the ash trays, sweeping the floors and sleeping on the beer cases. But this story is not over. The same two lawyers walked in one day. "Not again?" I d s I n t e r - ·I r baI ~ o u n c �ANNOUNCEMENTS continued from page 10. said. "That's righ~ we found some Bonds we overlooked: $62,000 worth." I ran to the store room to wake Lilac up. Lilac was rich again, the word spread like a grass fire. They quickly re-knighted him, Sir, they called him. He got the kisses on his bald head again, the thirsty got drinks. He again fed the hungry and clothed the pretty girls. The end of my story about Sir lilac is a happy one. A preacher got hold of lilac, talked some sense into him, took charge of his money. He didn't have money to burn but he always had enough for all his needs and most of his wants. He was comfortable and respected all the rest of his days and when he died the preacher gave him a fine funeral. This is just another example of what money does to people. Anishnabe A.A. Meetings· Starting in September there will be Monday and Wednesday meetings of Anishnabe A.A., the 12-Step Opportunity, Friends of Bill. Meetings are at 6:00 pm at Lexington School, 45 Lexington NW, in room 2. For roore information, call 235-1064 or 774-8331. Young Eagles Feature Special Skit The Young Eagles meeting on September 13 will feature a special AIDS skit presented by the "Kids On The Block." Everyone is welcome to the 4:00 meeting for fun, entertainment and education. Fall Pow Wow Honors Chief Peters The Grand Valley American Indian Lodge's 32nd Annual Traditional Pow Wow will be September 11 & 12 at Riverside Park in Grand Rapids. This year the pow wow honors Chief Ike Peters, who passed on. Host Drum is Blue Lake Singers. For more information, call Gene Peters (698-6788) or Kay Shagonaby (245-1359). Honoring Heritage & Education On September 25 & 26 the 5th Annual Pow Wow at Wings Stadium in Kalamazoo will be a contest event, with prizes from $200-$500 in dance categories. For more information, contact Eva Martinez (616) 388-4764 or Julie D'Artagnan (616) .?49-5387. Native American Council of Muskegon The Annual Meeting of the Native American Council of Muskegon will be held September 30 at 6:00 pm at Heritage Landing in Muskegon. The Board elections will follow a potluck picnic. Muskegon/Oceana Head Start It's not too late to sign up for Head Start in these lakeshore counties. Muskegon/Oceana CAAP Head Start for ages 3 and 4 years is still accepting applications. For assistance in arranging physicals and immunizations, call Rosie Holmberg ar 724-4410. Nokomis Receives Art Grant The Nokomis American Indian Cultural Leaming Center has received a grant for $59,450 from the W.K. Kellogg Foundation to initiate a one-year projccr which will provide training and mentoring support for twentyfivt: Great l.ak~s Native American women artists and will culminate in a travelling exhibit. For more information, call Janice Reed, Executive Director, Nokomis Learning Center (517) 349-Sm. Ci rand Rap ds bringing people and jobs together through training ••• •••• ••••••••• "Without the financial support of PIC, I wouldn't have gone to college. . .I believe it is a very good program. From my standpoint it was a turning point in my life. I can't say enough good things about PIC. PIC Part,c,pant II ·- The Allegan-Uttnwa Prrvate Industry Council (PIG) otters · ;ueer assessment. <: areer tra1n1ng opportun1t1es. and work exp+•11ence prngrams Must meet program requirements Call today f<u ·nore information Fqual Oppe)rtunt1y Employer/Program Aux118• aids an<! serv1oi:·. 11 e ;:1v; ulat >le upon 1P.<JllP.SI tu 111r.llv1duals with • '' ab11i tie:- (616) 393-5644. (800) 752-8814 (616) 846-5110 (800) 649-3777 (Michigan Relay Center. voice and l 1 •D) 1~251 .fames Street. Holland. Ml 49424 Inter-Tr Allegan-Ottawa Private lndust Council bal touncil•ll �SEPTEMBER POW WOW DATES Sept. 3 - 5 33rd Annual Tecumesh Lodge Labor Day Pow Wow TIPTON, IN. Call (317) 773-4233. Sept. 4 & 5 12th Annual Traditional Pow Wow ST. IGNACE, Ml. Call (906) 643-7436. Sept. 4 & 5 Kee-Boon-Mein-Kaa Traditional Pow Wow SOUTH BEND, IN. Call (616) 782-6323. Sept. 4 & 5 1st Annual Lucille Pego Memorial Pow Wow HART, Ml. Call (616) 873-2343 . Sept. 11 & 12 32nd Annual Grand Valley Am. Indian Lodge Pow Wow GRAND RAPIDS, Ml. (616) 698-6788/245-13 59 Sept. 18 & 19 3rd Annual Zog-Da-Wah Traditional Pow Wow AU SABLE, Ml. Call (517) 739-5484. September 24 Michigan Indian Day Celebration & Pow Wow DETROIT, Ml. Call (313) 535-2966. Sept. 24 - 26 Woodlake Pow Wow JONES, Ml. Call (219) 264-4828. Sept. 25 & 26 N. American Indian Assoc. of Detroit Annual Pow Wow DETROIT, Ml. Call (313) 535-2966. Sept. 25 & 26 KALAMAZOO, Ml Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council 45 Lexington, NW, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49504 l .!:'·..-··. ·. :·-· .. 'i L..~-· Non Profit Org. U.S. Postage PAID Permit No. 690 Grand-Rapids, Ml I Library Grand Valley State Univ. Allendale Ml 49401 A Service of "Ib is newsletter is funded in part by United Way, Office of Substance Abuse Services, Community Mental Health, and private donations. H un • . 1· I ' !l"i \1in,\1dtdn : l l i l f i ll i i 1· ·• !i"! 0 u}!U1;ec1 way � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_turtle-talk_v31993-09 Title A name given to the resource Turtle Talk, Volume 3, September 1993 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1993-09 Description An account of the resource September 1993 (volume 3) issue of Turtle Talk by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Barber, Marcia (Editor) Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/535d0c726a7933868b7b750e9d85717e.pdf 301bc6c0f9166473e91adb0db086564e PDF Text Text Volume J ~ctober Number 10 . 1993 T a I K TUrllE •••••• • ti# BY HUNTER GENIA Education, Is It Doing American India n s .Justic e • The school systems have to make more than a commitment to bringing in speakers in regards to American Indian culture but they also have to make a commitment to using materials which are pertinent to getting the accurate past and present life of our people, not books/ materials which alienates the Indigenous point of view. N THE PAST TWO YEARS I HAVE DONE MANY presentations in the area school systems in and around Kent County. It seems no matter what grade were dealing with I always get asked, " Do you still live in teepees, do you ride horses, how many scalps do you have?" and this is just to name a few. It wouldn't necessarily be right to put all the blame on the school systems due to Hollywood's perception of American Indians and also sports teams who use Indigenous logos and do their half time entertainment. More recently I went to an area school and one of the first questions we asked was, when you hear the word American Indian or Native American what is the first thought that comes to your mind. Some of the responses were good like, " survivors, a different culture but one response that caught me is that we were a people of "a long ago". Ahhhhhh, what century are we in people but okay these kid~ are D in the 4th, 5th 6th grades so I shouldn't be to harsh, right?. Although what really gets me is that when asked to name three tribes that predominantly make up Michigan they couldn't name one. Most of the responses are Cherokee, Sioux, Shawnee (are we getting closer?) and even Pawnee (too much Dances With Wolves). So often our rich history and heritage here in Michigan gets so overlooked that I'm even wondering if I'm in the wrong state (joking). BASICAUY THE SCHOOLS EITHER HAVE A choice of making a commitment to their students or continue doing us a crime and their students who are learning from the system. Food for thought: IT WOULD BE NICE LlKE IN CANADA where all their children on the reserves speak their language to have something like that in Michigan. Why can't we? Couldn't we offer a school where they would take language, drumming or cultural arts as well as learning the regular school classes. We can complain, moan, groan about how were losing the language but the bottom line is if we don't do it ourselves, it will never happen. Do we expect the State's school system to adopt these courses as electives, "not". Even if they did, when the state's continuing cuts come around again it will be the first ones cut. So the time where our parents, grandparents were taught not to speak the language, cut their hair and just basically "forget that old Indian stuff' was strictly taught to them through the Government schools, we can make decisions today that will make our future generations much stronger. continued on page 4 Grand Rap ds Inter-Tr bal touncil �From The Director· M•••••••• gritc ············ < >> < \ • oay, ? .·.·.·... <~"N§topher Columbus as a great y§yagegy.rho discovered the New J fl~~~ ;~~~l4~ir~~~~b~~a~sf ~e~a~if!~r;ntly cl'eaf~y q~i¢Jo the W~stern Hemisphq~> for rfChe~i f t.. ·<·· ' Some\V@pper why aft~r 501 y¢ars, Indian peopl&: Jare still ups¢t.Jfpo\it ~e~,~~~:~~1\1i11~!)t~11,,~~ijlllt::: ~~~: 111liist~j611'~~ii d ;~II~;' i's u~1j 0 0 Andra Robinson SECRETARY· Rosie Holmberg MEMBERS: Loretta Antoine, Roger Williams, Jeanne Harding, Bill Dunlop, Rita Blumke, Jonie Abella, Francis Davis, Larry Peshaba, Bruce Trobridge g who has been gla.;Qlgttzed too lqng. r c i s a Levi A. Rickert BUSINESS MANAGER- Jeff Justin HUMAN SERVICES COORDINATOR- Lee Ann Campbell Hunter Genia,Kristie Pagel,Loretta Yount, Carolyn Ogilvie-Cohen,Lew Burrows, Cindy Pigeon,Bill Dunlop SUPPORT STAFF: Denise Skorka,Chris Shomin,Diane Laureaux u 1 He ~er~uepxt~1i :~~~~¢i~~c~qlt~s;.l~j~e~e ;~~~: of these expedjtign§ )~~~l"alJyr~p~d Native women, ~pg i@pp.¢ q th~ffi ?of tJ.i~ir goods I~*;~~~~~;:~:f~r;r~;~~;\:~~~t"; is e <l 1o le-examine eve.1 1tfas they re~Jly occurred. ) Today, in th~(diy when cult\.l~al diversity is enc9yp1ged seemingly everywhere, in . ~~hqols,corporations, and qlQer Organizations, the opportunity exists to, once-in-for-all rewrite, a paft)of history w h i c h c o n ta i n s ma n y i n a cc upff i e s . Columbus was no hero among Indian Country !! Levi A. Rickert, Potawatomi, Executive Director Rapids TREASURER· r :i.ifJ!~~~ e~~~1 iii~~"1jrs;1~~~ ~~i~r:11a:: ll~i'1i~~~:~~i~~':~~I iii;,~ u~~~ll!~I:a:: a ~·.Grand VICE PRESIDENT· Mary Roberts HUMAN SERVICES STAFF: f i~ ~ f~~~~~a::: r;~; eanr ~ \htiJ~at~ tu~~~ t CSb r~~~~SS 0 directors: EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR- lii~l~l~nut! ~a~~i;~~~~~llil~~~~[ ~a::~~ 0 of PRESIDENT· John Hutchinson ><.ii , 1 ,,,9h:;~ber is coiumbus A11 :?Cross America, people celebrate 12 board tnter-Iribal a e k LAYOUT- Two Eagles Marcus Michael Vanderwal GRAPHICS ADVISOR- TuRnE r.. TALK'S MIS~ TO PROVIDE ITS READERSHIP~ REPORTS Of LOCAL ANO NATIONAL INTEREST WHICH MAY AFFECT AND .._.ACT OUll NATIVE AMERICAN COMMUNITY . TuRnE TAJ.IC wtLCOMH !>UBMISSIONS Of ANNOUNCEMENTS, ARTICLES ANO P'Of"''> (PARTICULARLY NATIVE HEALTHRELATED) ACCOf,APANlD IY OF THE AUTH()jl REQUIREME NH THE SIGNATURE AND ADDRESS SPA(( I S LIMITED DUE TO FUNDING Of AOl "* fOR SUBMISSIONS IS THE FIRST WEEK Of TH( ~ JOI! THE UPCOMING MONTH'S ISSUE . THE VIEWS f J(lltlf <,YO 1111 TUllrLE TALK ARE THOSE OF THE AUTHOR ANO NO" N CI \\MIL Y THOSE OF GRIT( OR ITS BOARD OF Otlll C TQll <, TURTLE TALK IS PU B LI SHED MONTHLY BY THE y R A N D RAP I 0 s J flj T E R - I R I BAL~ 0 u N c IL • 45 LEXINGTON AV!IM NW, GRAND RAPIDS, Ml PHONE (616) 774-8331, FAX 49504 . (616) 774-2810. turtle talk information A ONE YEAR SUBSCRIPTION TO TURTLE TALK IS $5 . FOR OUR REASONABLE ADVERTISING RATES, CALL THE Off I CE AT 77 4-8331 . turtle talk due dates: SUBMISSIONS TO TURTLE TALK MUST BE RECEIVED IN OUR OFFICE BY THE MONTH FOR THE FIRST WEEK UPCOMING OF EACH MONTH'S ISSUE. (NOT All MATERIAL SUBMITIED CAN BE USED IN TURTLE TALK) PLEASE GET ALL ANNOUNCEMENTS IN TO TURTLE TALK BY THE FIRST WEEK OF THE MONTH BEFPRE THE . EVfNT. ~ounc �····················~-·~····················· OCTOBER BIRTHDAYS by Bill Dunlop MY SPIRIT WILL HAVE DEPARTED THIS LIFE AND MY body will be sitting in my grave facing the wes~ but some of you young Indians will see the total collapse of this system the white man calls Civili?Ation. Greed, the love of money will be the main cause of this collapse. The pity of it is, the white men in charge of this system know it - know it even now as the destruction takes shape. But they are helpless to stop it, for they too are ruled by greed. Mammon, the love of money, is a sickness. A drastic sickness for which the cure is also drastic, and yet it is simple. just turn that love in another direction: love of God, love of Mother Earth, any positive direction. But tell them this and they will laugh in your face. Their corruption is so complete that you are a buffoon to them for not being in love with their god, Mammon. They double over and guffaw with laughter because the Indian calls the tree his brother. They can't seem to understand that the tree is our purifier. That the tree takes the poison (carbon dioxide) out of the air we breathe and puts oxygen back in so it is fit for us to breathe once more. Truly, the tree is our brother, without whom we would suffocate. But we are savages, not to be listened to; poor fools who call the earth Mother. They have cut down almost all the virgin forests of this country, there is very little left. There is no more pure air. The last of the pure air in this country tested out near Denver, Colorado in the 1940's. Still they devastate on and on. The huge rain forests of the world are disappearing rapidly, and still they cut on. Mammon drives them to it. They are beyond rational reasoning. EMPLOYMENT & Get in their way and they might kill you, literally. ..-------..,·CH-IG•AN-IN-Dl•AN-... TRAINING SERVICES, INC. CONTINUED ON PAGE 5 Region Ill 2 Founlain Place 60 N. Division Grand Rapids, Ml 49503 ACTIVITIES & SERVICES career GUdlncl: A para1JIOltllional colJ188ing l8Mce lo help appicanll Ull.llle responeibilily tor making Cll98f pllr1I and decisions. JobAefeml: Qualified applicants are relened IO employment altef lhey halo'9 demonsraled they possess Ille required sk~ls or abiHies lo do the job. Clallroom TrllMlg: Assistance is provided in oblaining a GED or hq, school diploma. Work Experltne9: A snort-lelm e_mployment pr~am IOr adults and youth over 14yecws10 deYelop basic working sklls and provide job lralning in spec:ilic nas. Call: 616) 451-1920 G. rand Robert Sheahan Angie Pigeon Fawne Cass Sharon Winters Mark Rueckert Shirley Chamberlain Anthony Emery Mark Smith Danielle Sheahan Jeanette Pierce Tyrone Raphael A.N. Wesaw Tracy Dougherty David Yount Terri Leaureaux Ron Judson Gary Shomin Paul Terpenning James Bueschel Leesa Sams Robert Williams Nancy Shenenah Hunter Genia Dorthy Boda Marilyn Rueckert John King Chris Anderson Jeremy Anderson Matt Anderson Jessie Arizola Jennifer Lynn Cuellar Art Pigeon Eugene Chisholm Barbara Toothman Duane T. Wesaw Amos "JuneBug• Day Linda Bessey David Conrad Lorraine Pinero Suzanne Allman Ryan Levi Rickert The 3-6 Young Eagles group was a busy crew over the summer. The highlight being the week of camp held at Pendalouan. We are meeting from 6:00 until 8:00 p.m. on Monday evenings at Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal council. We will be covering areas from self -awareness, general health issues and of course cultural projects which have always been a favorite of the Young fagles. The Young Eagles program meets for a wide variety of activities intended to prevent the use of substance abuse and gain a better of awareness of our culture. We will also through these various activities build: self-awareness, self-esteem, cultural enhancement and look at solutions to combat issues prevalent among our youth. For more information how your son/daughter can be a part of the Young Eagles Project please contact Ms. Cindy Pigwn at 71'1-8331. B apids Inter-I rib al t ouncil ·~ �•• * •••••••••••••••••• ·• ·· ·~ · •••••••••••••••••••• A MOMENT WITH ••Neganigwane., - Kenny Pheasant...... . In a recent conversation with Kenny Pheasant we had a chance to share thoughts and comments about why the Anishinabe language is so important to learn and maintain. The following comments are a few words that my brother Kenny shared and would like all the readers to think about... ..... "Anishnabemowin is the language of Anishinabe people in this region. There are four different dialects which include the Potawatomi, Ojibway, Odawa and the Cree." to instructor of Anishnabemowin. The reason being because I have the Odawa dialect and when you talk to people they make a big deal because I don't teach Ojibway language but what is important to know is that the base word is the same for all four dialects. When you take a look at fluent speakers from Canada who are Odawa and the Odawa people from Michigan there is also a different dialect but the base word is the same. So we should not be concerned whether it's an Ojibway dialect. I'm a speaker of the Anishnabemowin. I found out that those people who complain can't speak the language at all."(chuckle) to save an endangered bird or animal but our language signifies the importance of our people. The language truly identifies the meaning of our people. If people lose the language they have lost the meaning of our culture and traditions. We are lost in the white man's tongue, we use their language more than ours." Ahow! submitted by Hunter Genia "A lot of people aren't familiar with the language so they're afraid to make a commitment to learning it." "One of things that I am going to do is change the wording on my business card from instructor of the Odawa language A: " Because it belongs here, it's home and the first language of this land. People will spend thousands of dollars A FEW SHOTS FROM THE 1993 GRAND VALLEY INDIAN LODGE POW WOW. .Bap ds - --II. An....._ irlllrgone,..,,,., ......... .... lht ...... dPlrwHils Q: Kenny for those people who may be reading this for the first time or haven't heard you or know your passion for teaching the language, why is it so important to learn it? ~·Grand Child Development Center For children 6 weeks to School age Inter-Iribal ~ounc ~Vilmgt. 3600 E. fullon, in Gm lllpidl. Now accepting applications for enrollment! For information, please contact Sandy TenHagen al 940-4049. �••@••········································ CONTINUED FROM PAGE 3 This system is breaking down fast. This civilization is a failure. It makes one millionaire and a million paupers. There is no complete happiness under its ebb and debasement. This country of ours is 4-1/2 trillion dollars in debt, and we have nothing to show for it. Nothing but the paper it takes to write of it. The outrage is that we go deeper in debt by the rate of one billion dollars a day! And what do we get for our billion dollars? Nothing! That's because it all goes to pay the interest on the loan our government procured without the permission of any of us. Listen carefully, young Indians. Can't you hear the cracking of the foundations? Goosanh. Study the ways of the very old ones, qua-sanhs. Learn how your greatgrandroothers did it. The time is coming when you will have to emulate them to survive. I heard a politician say on the air the other day, "We are going to have to inflate our way out of this debt." Read that line again, for it is the death-knell of the monetary system of this country. Their false god, Mammon, is coming apart. But they are too blinded to see it. Let me ask you some questions, white men, from the mind of the red men. Does your system guarantee tribal control of tribal interests? Are its largest efforts to relieve misery and suffering of the whole tribe? Does your system guarantee absolute freedom of religion? Does your system provide for the sick, the old and the stranger? Is everyone in your community guaranteed food, shelter, protection and dignity, so long as your tribe has those gifts? Does your system work for the greatest happiness of the greater numbers? Does your system give each man and woman the product of their work? Docs your system accept the fact that material things are of doubtful value, while things of the spirit are enduring and worthwhile? Does your system set the larger value on kindness rather than strict justice? Does your system guarantee to every individual the force and rights of being in human-hood? Does your system discourage large material possessions in one man? And this one: does your civilization guarantee the absolute freedom of action so long as you do not encroach on the equal right of your neighbor to do the same thing? I'll save you the trouble of answering - no, it does not. These things spoken of are all in the Indian way. The way of life you strove so hard to destroy since you intruded on us 500 years ago. All white men are not possessed by this thing called Mammon. The other day I saw a bumper sticker that read, "Let's save their culture, it might save ours." To these, let us offer the message, the creed of the red man. We offer our culture as an improvement on their own. Even the implementation of our culture to the betterment of all, not the good life of plenty to the few at the expense of all the rest. You will agree that this is how it stands at present. Let us all, red, white, black and yellow take counsel of our creator. By whatever name you choose: Jehovah, Allah, Gotoma, Yahweh, Elohim or Jesus. It makes no difference, for there is but one God. Then we must do exactly as counseled. Then only will we experience the near heaven on earth this country of ours can be. This was how it once was and how it can be again. We have only to adhere to the two adroonitions of the Great Spirit: love the Creator, and love one another enough to show it. i rir t .Grand Bap ds l f'l/!lll , '•' '•/ ' " Inter-Ir bal .Counc l•fu) �·····················~······················· NATIVE AMERICAN EDUCATION PROGRAM VVOMEN'S GROUP IT'S TUESDAY NIGHT AND YOUR SITTING HOME wondering what there is to do? Well, every week you can find committee meetings going on - the program, finance and pow wow are all busy. You'll find the Young Eagles hard at work making one of their projects or discussing something important and the women's group meeting as usual. Women's Group? You mean there's a women's group, you got it and it's been meeting since April. There are regularly 6-12 women who attend each week on Tuesday's from 7-9 p.m .. The women's group is a self-support group that come and do everything from cultural projects to talking about women issues. The group provides women the opportunity to discuss issues that they face everyday from spouse topics to AIDS and more. The cultural projects have consisted from making mocassins to doing earrings. Responses have been good with people and when asked why they attend responses such as: "learn to make cultural arts", "able to talk freely with women about anything". The women's group is open to all women 18 & over and you don't have to be Native American to attend but the focus of the group will still be on Native women's issues. So don't say you didn't know there was anything going on, just come and check it out and see what you think. submitted by Carolyn Ogilivie Cohen @•Grand Rap ds tnter-Iribal The election of officers for the Parent Committee of the Native American F.ducation Program (fitle V) which is located at Westbridge School was held on September 8, 1993. Elected President was Simon Francis, who is very excited about being elected to the (X>Sition. Mr. Francis succeeds Fran Comix>, who served as President of the Parent Committee for the past three years. Fran served the (X>Sition well during her tenure. The Parent Committee is unique because no other program of the Grand Rapids Public School system has such parental involvement. Also, elected were Barb Shenoskey (Shawa-nos-akih), Vice-Presiden~ I.aura Mulholland, Secretary; and Madelyn Murray, Treasurer. The Parent Committee meets on the second Wednesday of the IJX>nth at 6:30 p.m. during the school year. The Committee reviews the Native American Program and helps to set the direction of the overall program to ensure American Indian students are receiving the best (X>SSible education. SPECIAL NOJ'E: This fall, Title V is S(X>nsoring Anishinabe language classes. Kenny Pheasant will be teaching the Odawa language on Mondays beginning at 5 p.m. - 8 p.m. Elementary aged students will be taught from 5:00 - 6:15 p.m.; High School students and adults can participate from 6:30 - 8:00 p.m. Other activities are also being planned for this fall. For more information, call Pat DiPazza at 771-3318. The Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council would like to say a K-chi-Migwech to Fran Comix> for her commitment to the education of Native American students. ~ounc �·······················~····················· ALCOHOLISM: A FAMILY DISEASE If you have a family member, friend, or fellow worker who is dependent on alcohol, you many have noticed what an all-encompassing disease alcoholism can be. Not only does it trap the alcoholic, it absorbs that person's family, workplace, and society, as well. Because of their strong emotional ties, family members of alcoholics are especially affected, and often become as trapped by the bottle as the alcoholic is. But there is a way out for the family, for the alcoholic and everyone concerned can play a role in making that happen. GET HELP: Reaching outside the family unit for help is a necessary step in breaking the hold of alcoholism. Family members need support and guidance from people who understand the problem. Fortunately, there is plenty of help available for both the family members and the alcoholic. CALL FOR VOLUNTEERS ,<: ·: . ··. A FAMILY DISEASE: Alcoholism is an illness that bottles up entire families. It seals off the alcoholic and isolates family members from each other and from the world around them. Because the feelings, thoughts, and actions of everyone in the family are being governed by the alcoholic's drinking, alcoholism is more than just an individual's disease, it is a family disease. GRITC is in need of volunteers to provide office support: • Answering the telephone A FAMILY REMEDY: To overcome the family disease of alcoholism, family members must first concentrate on freeing themselves, regardless of the alcoholic's drinking. This requires getting help from outside the family. Once they have broken the hold alcoholism has over their own lives, they may be in position to try to help the alcoholic, as well. There are three steps family members need to take in order to get the process of recovery started: they should learn about alcoholism, understand family roles, and get help from outside the family. • Filing • Typing • Computer - data entry LEARN ABOUT ALCOHOLISM: Alcoholism is a harmful chemical dependency that affects the alcoholic physically,k spiritual, mentally and emotionally (medicine wheel.) By unraveling the myths and learning the facts about this disease, family members will understand how to deal with more effectively. UNDERSTAND FAMILY ROLES: Family members play important roles in the alcoholic disease process. Often, out of love for alcoholic or to make life easier for themselves, family members do things which actually contribute to -the problem. By understanding how this works, family member can avoid being part of the problem. ~rand • Opening Mail .Rapids POW WOW VOLUNTEERS NEEDED TO ASSIST AT VETERAN'S POW WOW NOVEMBER 13, 1993 FORD FIELDHOUSE CALL LORETTA YOUNT AT 774-8331. Jnter-Iribal .Council•LJ �1st Annual Michigan Indian Urban Organizations Cobo Hall Information: Lucy Harrison J1J-895-7859 November 1J Veterans Pow-Wow Ford Fieldhouse, Grand Rapids Co111111unity College Levi Rickert 616-774-83J1 November 19 Michigan Co111111ission on Indian Alfairs • Co111111ission Meeting Saginaw, Michigan For information, contact: 517-J7J..0654 Traditional Pow Wow NOii Profit Org. U.S. Postage 1~~1:::1:1; PAID PenaM No. 690 Grand Rapids. • ~¥ l~li}iF r READ ME: This newsletter is funded in part by United Way, Office of Substance Abuse Services , Community Mental Health, and private donations. Library Grand Valley State Univ. Allendale Ml 49401 A Service of � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_turtle-talk_v31993-10 Title A name given to the resource Turtle Talk, Volume 3, October 1993 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1993-10 Description An account of the resource October 1993 (volume 3) issue of Turtle Talk by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Barber, Marcia (Editor) Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/07f63bf621a95c7900f58a244124117b.pdf 7756dd5754c39b891c7dfac6b55ca173 PDF Text Text Volume J •ovember 1993 •umber 11 TalK •••••• • by Bill Dunlop Odawa "WAR IS HELL." GENERAL SHERMAN SAID THAT and anyone who has ever been in mortal combat will agree. "Kill or be killed" is the fitting motto. The roar and din of the war machines is something that one never forgets. The strain and pressure on the nervous system is so great that some rren break down and never recover. You can see them in the Veterans' hospitals fighting, in their minds, the same battles over and over until the day they die. BUT EVEN IN WAR THERE ARE BREAKS WHEN pleasantness happens. And how much more these breaks are appreciated because of the timing. Llke a cold drink of water to a thirsty man in a desert. One of these breaks happened to two of our Indian soldiers in World War II. OUR ARMIES HAD LANDED SUCCESSFULLY ON the "toe" of Italy and were engaged in fierce fighting up the "boot" of the peninsula. Our men were pushing the Nazis back slowly, sorretimes yard by yard. Give the devil his due: the Nazis were hand fighters . Remember that at one time they were fighting half of the world all by themselves, and winning. ONE OF OUR INDIANS, ALBERT "POKEY" Shomin, was in a platoon that had fought its way to a place called Pisa. The German resistance had stiffened and the street fighting had gotten agonizingly slow. German artillery shells were in-coming. Enemy machine guns were trying to trap our men in the crossfire. This place called Pisa was turned into the "hell" General Sherman had spoken of. Our soldiers were ducking door-to-door, when the word came down to take cover and wait for tank support to come. POKEY BACKED IN TO A DOORWAY, bracing his rifle. He would hunker down and wait for word to start advancing again. He turned and noticed the door was opened a bit. It was a wine shop, by now deserted. The whole world knows what good wine makers the Italians are. Pokey decided he would put a bottle of "Dago Red" in his pack and enjoy it wherever he would spend that night. The store would probably be destroyed by the end of the day. HE WAS MOVING AMONG THE WINE RACKS when he heard a noise at the back of the store. His rifle carre up in position and he froze statuestill. Someone was moving, and in his direction. His eyes watched intently for the light green of the enemy uniform. His finger was on the trigger, ready to stop one more enemy soldier dead in his tracks. THEN IT HAPPENED - ONE OF THE MOST pleasant rremories in this soldier's life took place. Instead of German jack-boots, the brown combat boots of our own soldiers appeared in the doorway. His eyes went quickly to the face of the friendly soldier; his heart leapt for joy. It was his brother Enos! THEY HAD NOT SEEN EACH OTHER SINCE the States, and there in a world gone mad with hatred, these two brothers rushed to greet each other. continued on page 7 Grand Rapids Inter-Ir bal .Council �From The Director M•••••••• gritc . directors: PRESIDENT- John Hutchinson he Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council, Grand Rapids Community College, and Vet Center <·. • ·•/ ••••••• are co-sponsoring a Veterans Pow Wow .. :Whfol:l\Vill be held at the Ford Field House on the . ~~~p\l§pf th~ c9J!ege in downtown Grand Rapids on · N()v~I1lber}3, 1993:<Jhis is the third year the Veterans . · PdW be held at the Ford Field House. / TREASURER- Andra Robinson SECRETARY- Rosie Holmberg MEMBERS: Loretta Antoine, Roger Williams, Jeanne . .v. / .\ of VICE PRESIDENT- Mary Roberts BOO-SHOO! m m board w&wwm T::~ ;~~~j~ ~'phasis w1;: '~~ 9n the g1£®i/~~: :arrior f The Pow w()w Committee feels §ff{.}llgiy that there are too many veteransoffqreigrJw~i~who have been virtually forgotten ,. Dt.tringqlj~ }'qy.r Wow, there will be)1special recognitibhceiel1loijy\honoring their $~hrice to their country. > ...·. ·.·.·.. ':l'?'.W·P·fll.PP~~,There ':: 12will be dt'\Jmming ~I~~ tryan.<i~illdancing rake place at for noon: en ):00 >the gefleral public to enJ(Jy> Americaqlndian traders wHJ bt: §elH?g hand-crafted articles such as baskets )~119 jewelry. In addition, there willf:)e Indian tacos ~[ld fry bread availableto enjoyed. ¥veryone is ...... .-. ..·.·.·.·.·.·.... >Tile Michigan Urtfao.J lldian Consorti\Jm, of which GRITC is a memb~t/ wilFhold a 10 l1nrty Pow Wow at Harding, Bill Dunlop, Rita Blumke, Jonie Abella, Francis Davis, Larry Peshaba, Bruce Trobridge g r c i s a Levi A. Rickert BUSINESS MANAGER- Jeff Justin HUMAN SERVICES COORDINATOR- Lee Ann Campbell EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR- HUMAN SERVICES STAFF: Hunter Genia,Kristie Pagel,Loretta Yount, Carolyn Ogilvie-Cohen,Lew Burrows, Cindy Pigeon,Bill Dunlop SUPPORT STAFF: Denise Skorka,Chris Shomin,Diane Laureaux u e I a I k LAYOUT- Two Eagles Marcus GRAPHICS ADVISOR- Michael VanderWal TURTLE TALK'S MISSION IS TO PROVIDE ITS READERSHIP WITH REPORTS OF LOCAL AND NATIONAL INTEREST WHICH MAY AFFECT AND IMPACT OUR NATIVE AMERICAN COMMUNITY. TURTLE TALK WELCOMES SUBMISSIONS Of Af\NOUNCEMENTS, ARTICLES AND POEMS (PARTICULARLY NATIVE HEALTHRELATED) ACCOMPANIED BY THE SIGNATURE AND ADDRESS OF THE AUTHOR . SPACE IS LIMITED DUE TO FUNDING REQUIREMENTS. DEADLINE FOR SUBMISSIONS IS THE FIRST WEEK Of THE MONTH FOR THE UPCOMING MONTH'S ISSUE . THE VIEWS EXPRESSED IN TURTLE TALK ARE THOSE OF THE AUTHOR AND NOT NECESSARILY THOSE OF GRIT( OR ITS BOARD Of DIRECTORS. TURTLE TALK IS PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE ~~~~:ba~~ ~n7~~J f~~rilt~~~fg!Jl1 :eeexkpee:~~d to §. R A N D .B. A P I D S l N T E R - I draw thousands tbDetroit Please plan to attend. 45 .The Board of Directors and staff of(]rand Rapids Inter-Tribal Councilwish that you ~pd your loved ones have a safe and fnjoyable Thanks~iving holiday! turtle talk information A ONE YEAR SUBSCRIPTION TO TURTLE TALK IS $5. FOR OUR REASONABLE ADVERTISING RATES, RI B A L ~ 0 U N C I L , LEXINGTON AVENUE NW, GRAND RAPIDS, Ml 49504. PHONE (616) 774-8331, FAX (616) 774-2810 . CALL THE OFFICE AT turtle 774-8331 . talk due dates : SUBMISSIONS TO TURTLE TALK MUST BE RECEIVED IN OUR OFFICE BY THE FIRST WEEK OF EACH MONTH FOR THE UPCOMING MONTH'S ISSUE. (NOT ALL MATERIAL SUBMITIED CAN BE USED IN TURTLE TALK) Executive Director Potawatomi PLEASE GET ALL ANNOUNCEMENTS IN TO TURTLE TALK BY THE FIRST WEEK OF THE MONTH BEFORE THE EVENT. ~·.Grand Rap ds Inter-Ir bal .Counc �••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• • Men, women, and babies can get AIDS • You can get AIDS from having sex with anyone who has the AIDS virus. • You can get AIDS from sharing needles or syringes with anyone who has the AIDS virus. • Don't use alcohol or other drugs. Being drunk or high can lead to unsafe sex. STAY SAFE: • If you have sex, use a CONDOM! • NEVER SHARE NEEDLES BE SAFE: • It is SAFE .........to share a room with a person who has the AIDS virus. • It is SAFE ........to eat with a person who has the AIDS virus. • It is SAFE .........to use the same toilet as a person who has the AIDS virus. HAVE ANY QUESTIONS? • Talk to one of the counselors at GRITC. • Call the Kent County Health Department at 774-3602 • Call the National AIDS Hotline 1-800-372-AIDS. ••••••••••••••••••••••• Kids Born to Poverty Likely to Stay Poor'' 11 This article by Candy J. Cooper was rcponing on a University of Michigan study which, according to Ms. Cooper, "indicates that for poor children the chances of dying rich are slim, no matter how hard they work". The number of poor in the United States has climbed to 36.9 million people, with 40 percent being children under 18 and one in four pre-schoolers living in poverty. The anicle continued by stating that boys raised in poor families earn more than 40 percent less than those from middle - upper class families, and being a minority diminishes the chances of climbing out of poverty even more. Arloc Sherman stated, "The impact of poverty in childhood is huge for later life." Where does this place us nationally with other nations? According to the study, the United States is rated the poorest among 27 Grand other industrialized nations as having children in deprived living conditions. Why is it that as one of the richest nations in the world we allow our children to grow up poor, while other nations are taking steps to prevent this from happening to their children? Intervention and prevention will not only bring better lives to our children but will also help more children to survive childhood. This is due to the fact that children born into poor families are more likely to die from car accidents, fires, drowning, suffocation, infections and parasite diseases than the middle or upperclass -income children. Submitted by Carolyn Ogilivie Cohen Rapids Inter-I ribal ~ ouncil ·~ �••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• A Prayer to the Great Spirits I pray to the Great Spirits for the safe keeping and the care and protection of the entire Native American Nation. That they will prosper in good health an prosperity as well as becoming a strong nation as one strong body in this land. I ask that all the hurt and agony be taken away that there will be a cure for the terrible diseases such as alcoholism and drug addiction. That we once again bold our beads erect in pride, that our young will learn our ways and cultures of the Native American. The main thing I pray is that the Native American will know the true meaning of Love and Peace. TAKFJV FROM A 19 78 ISSUE OF ThR11.E TALK SUBMrrrED mm BY BETTYJEAN WOLHNGFJ{ MICHIGAN INDIAN EMPLOYMENT & TRAINING SERVICES, INC. Region Ill 2 Fountain Place 60 N. Division Grand Rapids, Ml 49503 ACTIVmES I SERVICES career Guldlnce: A para-professional COl6l&elirr,i service to help applicanll assune responsibility tor making career plans and decisions. JobReteml: Ouahfied appbnts are relened to employment alter lhey hall& demonslrated lhey po&&eSS lhe required sk~ls or abilities to do the job. Cluaroom Training: Assistance is provided in obtaining a GED or high school diploma. Wor1t Experlenct: A short-telm employment p.-og-am tor adults and youth over 14 years to develop basic working skits and proykje job training in specific areas. i rM BA BENT'S GROUP ::n~tsf~:~~~~~~~~~li:~mple: :'. f ~ , JOHNNY DOES THIS, IS TIIAt normal? Sue does that, is it normal? We all have questions about our children's behavior and actions. Is what they do "normal."? Where do we go to get these and other questions answered? Come to the Grand Rapids InterTribal Council on Thursday nights starting November 11th at 5:30 p.m. There you will find a new group forming to address issues that a1coho1 & drug use, and many more. Listen as we invite community members and special guests to come in and talk about their experiences, share their philosophy on parenting. You as parents will be invited to provide input, listen, or ask questions pertaining to these certain issues. Come and take part in a program designed for you. If you have any questions, please feel free to call me at 774-8331. CALL FORVOLUNTEERS GRITC is in need of volunteers to J>rovide office support: • • • • • Answering telephones Opelling Mail Filing Typing Computer -.d ata ·. entry POW WOV\f VOLUNTEERS NEED.ED TO ASSIST AT VETERAN'S POW WOW NOVEMBER 13, 1993 FORD FIELDHOUSE CALL LORETTA YOUNT AT 774-8331 Pawating Magedwin United Methodist Church 441 Knapp - Grand Rapids Rev. D. Knapp conducting evening services at 6:00 p.m. Everyone is Welcome! Call: 616 451-1920 ~·.Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal ~ounc �••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• LEARN ABOUT ALCOHOLISM ALCOHOLISM IS A HARMFUL CHEMICAL DEPENDENCY: The first thing to know about alcoholism is that it is not a a character weakness. It is an addictive disease in which the victims are physically and psychologically dependent on a chemical alcohol. Alcohol becomes part of their body chemistry, and takes control of their behavior and thinking. Simply put, alcoholics are trapped. Child Development Center For children 6 weeks to School age An imowlliww i~ llllliollll corapl in dild CllN lacalllf Oii lhec.n.,...rl ...... Hilll l'nllbrllliln Vlllge....... at 3600 E. FulDn, In ~ Rapids. STAGES OF DEPENDENCY : Now accepting applications for enrollment! Early Stage For information, please contact Sandy TenHagen at 94<>-4049. Alcohol starts out as a friend that helps them cope with uncomfortable feelings . They drink too much too often and have trouble stopping. Their tolerance to alcohol increases, so they must drink more to get the same effect. They may start to sneak drinks, gulp the first drink, even do some "pre-drinking" drinking. --- v-. •Ownocli!r:-Hll~ •Mngod By: Tte Grand Al:idl-. YVCAI •fl .''ln:liml,...mil~ Middle Stage The dependency grows as alcohol begins to take hold of their lives. They start to withdraw from other interests and people. They drink daily, often secretly, and struggle to control their drinking. They may adopt limits or rules and even attempt periods of abstinence. They become unreliable. GRAND RAPIDS INTER-TRIBAL COUNCIL Advanced Stage The dependency becomes dominant as alcohol takes control of their lives. They suffer loss of ambition, inability to cope with responsibility, and impaired thinking. They have indefinable fears and they distrust and avoid people. They must now drink to prevent withdrawal symptoms. VISION SEEKERS llwilel JOU ID join our rJ .,.,.,,.,.,~,,.,.,.,.,.,b.,.,.,.,.,.,.,,.,,.,.,.,.,.,A_,,,,,.,.~_,,,,,~.,.,,,_,,~,.,,,.,.,,~.,.,.,,,,~,.,.,.,.,.,,~w,.,,;,,,,,,.,~"''"';"''"'"'~"''"''t"'"''~'''""l General labor Persons: Work involves lifting metal panels, cutting it panels and working on a scaffold. Person must be dependable, car . !l pooling is available. Applications are taken from 9 a.m. -12 p.m; 1 p.m il to 4 p.m. 6115 - 28th St. SE between Meijers and Cascade Rd. For more @ information call 956-9299 !l • i! ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ il • Saginaw Chippewa: Currently has positions open for Bingo Floor ~ il Worker; in accordance with Indian Preference laws. Call (517) 772-1212. ~ ~L. .·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·;·.·;·.·.·.·.·.·.·... ..·.·:·.-;. -.;·.·.·;·:. . ,,,.;.;-;...,. .;. ,,,.;. .;,.,,..:·.·:-..,;. -;. .;. .;. . . .;.;.,., . .;..;. .;. . :. . . . . . . . . ..;. ~ ~ .,;-;o;·..........:.., ...., ............'-;.;....;...;..._...;.....;,.;v;;.,;.;.,;v...:............. ~rand Rap ds ................. Inter-Ir bal ~ounc l•fu) �••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME ETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME (FAS) IS A BIRTII DEFECT IN WHICH A baby is born when the pregnant mother drinks alcohol. It is the second most common birth defect in the United States. Babies with FAS can have: • • • • • • • retardation small head and unusual facial features short height and lighter weight heart defects joint problems poor coordination behavioral problems WOMEN WHO ARE PREGNANT, OR WHO WANT TO BECOME PREGNANT, need to know about the problem of alcohol and pregnancy. Alcohol hurts the normal growth of an unborn baby. When a pregnant woman drinks, the alcohol goes right into the baby's blood; which can cause serious health problems for your baby. When you drink alcohol, whether it's a cocktail, wine, liquor or beer, your unborn baby also drinks the alcohol, and it crosses the placenta into the baby's blood. Because your baby is still growing, its delicate system can be hurt by even the smallest amount of alcohol. FAS WAS FIRST IDENTIFIED IN 1973 AND WASN'T CONSIDERED A leadingcause of mental retardation. Native American women are at a higher risk of producing a child with FAS for the following reasons: • Native American women have the highest @•.Grand Rapids Jnter-Iribal • • rate of late or no prenatal care of any reported group Alcoholism among Native Americans is at a death rate of 5-6 times that of the U.S. population Native American women 15-34 years of age, experience a cirrhosis death rate which is 37 times greater than for non-Indian women at the same age. TIIERE IS HOPE AND YOU CAN DO somethingBeing aware of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is everyone's responsibility. We as a community have the ultimate responsibility to care for one another. FAS is 0% curable, but 100% preventable. Educating ourselves and family members is the first step in reducing the number of babies born with FAS and its devastating lasting effects. For rmre information on FAS and supportive services available, please contact Kristie at the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council, 774-8331. ~ounc �••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• GRAND VALLEY INDIAN LODGE MAKES CHANGES: continued from cover THEIR MOMENT OF PLEASANTNESS didn't last long. The word came to begin advancing again. They gave each other the hand clasp their father had taught them so many years ago. Then one brother went out the back door to rejoin his unit, and the other went out the front. They would not see each other again until they got home to Petoskey, Michigan, both safe and sound at war's end. TO: jerry Church, Bonnie McKerchie, Laura Schwiderson and Bonnie Brady • :>> Ii ON SATURDAY OCTOBER 2nd,the Grand Valley Indian Lodge met at the West Side complex for their annual elections. The meeting which took place at 6:30 p.m. saw changes made at the top. The following were elected to the respective positions: Renee Wassonkweh Dillard stated as goals: To bridge the gap Chairperson/Chief replacing Gene between native and non-native Peters; Valerie Gibbs - Sub people, to make meetings more Chairperson replacing Kay pleasant and an informative Shagonaby; Frank Murphy learning experience, and to Treasurer (same), and Sally Kee increase the native membership in Secretary replacing Sherrie Farr. our lodge. Renee was very positive about what direction the lodge could Submitted by Renee Wassonkweh take. She wanted to express to the Dillard community the goals for the organization. The following were We, the Seniors of the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council would like verbal much to express our gratitude to you for the really wonderful trip you afforded, us; and the visit to Clarion Hotel and the Vegas Kewadin Casino. We wish to state that we have never been treated so royally. GHOST SUPPER Everyone of use came away elated and enriched. We are only sony we cannot reciprocate for we a rte not nearly so f ortunatej as you. We can oly publicly thank-you and pray the Great Spirit will continue to show you hi favor and guidance. Sincerely, Tbe Seniors from Grand Rapids, Michigan Grand Rap ds Jnter-Iribal touncil •ZJ �I November 13 Veterans Pow Wow Grand Rapids Community College: Ford Fieldhouse Grand Rapids,MI For more Info: 616-774-8331 November 19 Michigan Commission on Indian Affairs-Commission Meeting Saginaw, Mich. For more Info: 517-373-0654 November 27 & 28 1st Annual Michigan Indian Urban Organizations Traditional Pow Wow For more info: Lucy Harrison 313-895-7859 January 7, 1994 Michigan Commission on Indian Affairs-Commission Meeting Traverse Oty For more info: 517-373-0654 . . . Profit Org. U.S. Postage PAID .......lt ... 690 Gr.... R·pld-.• A Service of ·' READ ME: This newsletter is funded in part by United Way, Office of Substance Abuse Services, Community Mental Health, and private donations. Library Grand Valley State Univ. Allendale Ml 49401 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_turtle-talk_v31993-11 Title A name given to the resource Turtle Talk, Volume 3, November 1993 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1993-11 Description An account of the resource November 1993 (volume 3) issue of Turtle Talk by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Barber, Marcia (Editor) Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/65fa4c6f5c338c32cb25db351825b926.pdf 5e6061365297fae412a6d4bc4099821f PDF Text Text Volume J • December 1993 Number 12 T Li r [ E Ta I K •••••• SUCCESSWHAT MEASURE? by Bill Dunlop- Ottawa When asked how I measure a man's success, I think of two men I worked with years ago. Julius Good was our sweeper. He was a slightly-built black man. Ile went to school as far as the sixth grade. He didn't remove his cap when he talked to anyone, but he let you know he respected everyone. He followed instructions to the "T' and was dependable in every way. We called him Goodie. One morning he asked me, his foreman, if he could show his wife around our warehouse. He said he wanted to show her how he "brought home the bacon." She startled me when she showed up, promptly at noon. She came up behind me, I had forgotten she was coming. She had three small boys with her. The boys spotted Goodie and his cleaning cart at the far end of the warehouse. All three ran faster than fast, shouting "Grandpa, grandpa!" the full length of the warehouse. The two biggest boys reached their grandfather first, the little fellow couldn't keep up. They grabbed his legs and pinned Goodie in a corner. When the littlest one got there, he couldn't get past his brothers to his grandpa. So he reached through and got hold of Goodie's pant leg. He didn't care what it was, a shoe, a leg, an ankle, just as long as it was a piece of grandpa. A Hi-Lo driver had pulled his machine up beside me and was watching this scene unfold. Then the driver said simply, "There's a man who is a success." Mrs. Good laughed and said, "I've got my Julie's favorite right here in this dinner pail. I asked what his Grand Rap ds favorite was, and was thinking about the endearing way she said "my Julie." "Two big juicy pork chops and some compone," she told me, "I know that will taste good," I lied, not knowing a compone from a corncob. They sat with Goodie while he ate his lunch, then he showed his family around his place of work, and how he brought home the bacon. The day wore on and we did all the things men do in warehouses all over the world. It was near quitting time and I went to the wall and threw the switches that would close the big overhead windows. I saw the sky was full of black clouds and heard the muttering of thunder in the distance. It was starting to rain. I saw him walking toward me in the big main aisle- he looked so out of place. His thousand dollar suit, white shirt and tie, highly polished shoes, just didn't fit in a warehouse. Then I glanced through an open door toward the loading docks and I saw the reason he was in our warehouse. A big Cadillac Towne Car was parked among the semi-trailers, under the overhanging roof. The Chairman of the Board didn't want to get any rain on that expensively tailored suit. "Hello Bill," he said, "You're doing a fine job in this warehouse. I'm told that by all the people who do business here." I thanked him and wanted to say something nice about his job, only I didn't know anything about being a Chairman of the Board, so I let it go at that. I looked out the door, and she was wagging her hand at me, a hand and wrist covered with Inter-Tr continued on page 7 bal .Council �From The Director •••••••• Boo-Shoo! n late October the Arrerican Indian community was saddened by the tragic death of Duane Raphael, who was a victim of violence. Mr. Raphael was a member of the Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians. He was 34 years old. gritc of directors: PRESIDENT- John Hutchinson VICE PRESIDENT- Mary Roberts TREASURER- Andra Robinson SECRETARY- Rosie Holmberg MEMBERS: Loretta Antoine, Roger Williams, Jeanne Harding, Bill Dunlop, Rita Blumke, Jonie Abella, Francis Davis, Larry Peshaba, Bruce Trobridge g All across the nation, violence is destroying the fabric of Americ.an society. President Clinton recently rmde·a speech which denbunced the violenee which is rampant throughout American society. School teachers, parents, and retail-operators are among those who worry about senseless acts of violence which can occur atany rooment indiscriminately. board r c i s a Levi A . Rickert BUSINESS MANAGER- Jeff Justin HUMAN SERVICES COORDINATOR- Lee Ann EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR- Campbell HUMAN SERVICES STAFF: Hunter Genia,Kristie Pagel,Loretta Yount, Carolyn Ogilvie -Cohen,Lew Burrows, Cindy Pigeon,Bill Dunlop SUPPORT STAFF: Janet Reno, United States Attorney General, is · advocating for more control over television and roovie • producers regarding the excessive portrayal of violence. Attorney General Reno cites that the average American child by the age of 5 witnesses over 18,000 acts of violence on television; children even witness acts of violence while watching cartoons. Whether or not Hollywood is to blame for inciting violence, I do not know. Americans have always been a violent group. Today, the easy access to firearms is frightening. Kids have better weapons than do police officers in rmny cases! Denise Skorka,Chris Shomin,Diane Laureaux a e u k LAYOUT- Two Eagles Marcus GRAPHICS ADVISOR- Michael Vanderwal TURTLE TALK's MISSION IS TO PROVIDE rrs READERSHIP WITH REPORTS OF LOCAL AND NATIONAL INTEREST WHICH MAY AFFECT AND IMPACT OUR NATIVE AMERICAN COMMUNITY. TURTLE TALK WELCOMES SUBMISSK>NS OF A1'N)IJNCEMENTS, ARTICLES AND POEMS (PARTICULARLY NATIVE HEALTHRELATED) ACCOMPANIED BY THE SIGNATURE AND ADDRESS OF THE AUTHOR. SPACE IS LIMITED DUE TO FUNDING REQUIREMENTS. DEADLINE FOR SUBMISSIONS IS THE FIRST WEEK OF THE MONTH FOR THE UPCOMING MONTH'S ISSUE. THE VIEWS EXPRESSED IN TURTLE TALK ARE THOSE OF THE AlrTHOR AND NOT NECESSARILY THOSE OF GRIT( OR ITS BOARD OF DIRECTORS. TURTLE TALK IS PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE As we begin the Holiday Season, the theme "Peace on Earth and Goodwill Towards All Men" is appropriate for us to practice; not only for a season, but all through the year. From the Board of Directors and the staff, have an enjoyable Holiday Season! 1 I §.RA N DR A p ID s NT E R - R I B AL~ 0 u N c I L ' 45 LEXINGTON AVENUE NW, GRAND RAPIDS, Ml 49504. PHONE (616) 774-8331, FAX (616) 774-2810. turtle talk information A ONE YEAR SUBSCRIPTION TO TURTLE TALK IS $5 . FOR OUR REASONABLE ADVERTISING RATES , 774-8331 . talk due CALL THE OFFICE AT turtle dates : SUBMISSIONS TO TURTLE TALK MUST BE RECEIVED Levi A. Rickert Executive Director IN OUR OFFICE BY THE FIRST WEEK OF EACH MONTH FOR THE UPCOMING MONTH'S ISSUE . (NOT ALL MATERIAL SUBMITTED CAN BE USED IN TURTLE TALK) PLEASE GET ALL ANNOUNCEMENTS IN TO TURTLE TALK BY THE FIRST WEEK OF THE MONTH BEFORE THE EVENT. ~·.Grand Rap ds Inter-Ir bal ~ounc �~ -··········································· "Spiritual Needs In The Iron House" At a conference in Washington D.C., Chief Seattle once said; "All things in the Universe are interconnected. By observing the animals, man can see what someday shall befall man him5elf." As is true with most noble Chiefs, Seattle was a man of great wisdom and an even greater natural insight. His type of wisdom wasn't the kind you could find in a volume of "Encyclopedia'', nor hope to pick-up from watching ones favorite 1V show. In short, "The Native American Way" is a spiritual understanding of life and nature. In recent years the The Michigan Department of Corrections has recognized the Native American Indian as an ethnic group within itself. Even the Native American spirituality has been accepted as a recognizable religious practice. This recognition was only accomplished through a great deal of work and group involvement. Yet according to D.O.C. policy directives, the group may only practice its spiritual beliefs with the aide and assistance of qualified volunteers. Unfortunately, popular opinion of what sort of riff raff and scum resides within the Iron House has greatly hindered all efforts to attract the interest of any outside volunteers. No one seems to care about our brothers and sisters who have been prosecuted and sentenced to prison. Regardless of this popular opinion, those who have suffered this fate will someday rejoin the natural world. They will once again be our neighbors and once again work along side of us. It would be better to have them return with a well rounded spirituality then to have them released with sad hearts and little faith. A medicine man can point out how the animals can show us the way in nature, but when we have no Medicine Man, and we have no animals, then we lose sight of all nature and the world becomes a dark place indeed. The American Indian culture is of such importance that any time a brother or sister shows an interest to grow spiritually within the way of our people, it becomes the responsibility of us all to offer as much support as we can, Let the Great Spirit show us the Way. submitted by Ron Water Walker Jansson '(!L~~~1 .,',,Ttl!~! :Jt~'t:!!?-' H a·:rv~'y]·)\: Jl ~-:irs o n iifi:~: '"5:~i:q _J:1 11 g h 3s~~-~;1:::~enrlct~~~sd D~ ~€\ R J-~:tet'.f:::>. J oth.ua.:"sti'a ::r~ · e:~ m;·;1:: ; i!!~~? n f!J,!,iil~f!i R!JPJ~.!!t ~;?jli:~:i,:l'~~~ - Ma t!'.nf '~ ~!i!:>'.:~ r c~~a~!!~~~~~ ·:::eu:111 it c oofe r Jo fin .: (f~ riri:it t , , Hfti sh ··:-_ §@ni~ J "j::~~~~~~,:~1 y tan e Ile! F e:t:te!re Nl•u s s ~-.- t)j:fifi'1 s .·.·.·.·.·.·.·•·•·.·.. Bowling Tournament Who: Any Anishnabe bowlers, must be Indian or married to one. When: January 8, 1994 (Saturday) Where:Michigan Lanes ( 1503 Michigan St. N.E.) Time: Two shifts -11 :00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m. Rap ··:·:·:·:·:-:-:-·-:-:-:·:-;.;-:-:-:- Reception immediately following at the Grand Rapids Firefighters Hall (Fuller & Knapp) What: Grand Rapids Anishnabe Grand .-:-:·:·:·:· First Place - $1,000 (based on number of entries.) Door Prizes, all are eligible. Any Questions- Contact Roderick Crampton at (616) 281-4849 or your favorite Anishnabe. ds lnter-.Iribal touncil ·~ �first line is, 'Our father which art in heaven.' That means the Father of all that is good where no wrong can dwell . Then it says, "Hallowed be thy name." That means, darlin, that we should love and respect all that is good. Then it says, 'Thy kingdom come, they will be done, on earth as it is in heaven.' That means, darlin, as we fill our hearts with love and the good, the true and the beautiful, then earth where we mow are will be like heaven. 'Give us this day our daily bread.', meaning to feed our hearts and minds with kindness, love and courage that will make us strong for our daily task. Then after that, the line of the Lord's Prayer is, 'and forgive us our debts as we forgive our debtors.' The meaning being, we must do unto others as we would want them to do unto us. 'And lead us not into temptation but deliver us from evil.' , meaning, darlin, to ask God to help us to do and see and thing right so that we will neither be led nor tempted by anything that is bad. 'For thine is the kingdom, the power and the glory forever, Amen', meaning, darlin, that all the world and everything that's in it belongs to God's kingdom. And as we know that, and act as if we know it, that, is the real spirit of Christmas. ''All That is Good." I came across an article years ago. Now it's a beat-up, old ragged newspaper clipping. I figure it's time I shared it's message. The Lord's Prayer is said by many of us, time after time , over and over. Sometimes, I'm sure, it's said so automatically we're not thinking about it. The words are right, but our minds are elsewhere. We know the words, but maybe aren 't sure of their meaning . And even those, perhaps especially those, who do know the meaning will , I hope , appreciate this interpretation. "Amos 'n' Andy" was a radio program back when radios had weekly shows and families sat around radios the way we sit around television today. I'm not old enough to remember, but I'm sure that those of you who do will agree that this is a classic and worth sharing with younger generations . What follows arc the words from one particular episode that was rebroadcast every Christmas from 1930 until 1952. Arbadella, Amos daughter, one night as her father listened to her say t;he Lords's Prayer asked, "What does the Lord's Prayer really mean , Daddy?" "Well darlin" said Amos, "the Rap SERVICES, INC. ~nlll 2 Foo.nain Place 110 N. OMsion Grand Rapids, Ml 49503 ACTIVmES I SERVICES c... Ouldlncl: A p1r11lf'Olellicll Ill c:oull8ling 9vice IO help appllrM'lll llldllt rnponslllllly tor maldng Cll9 pllrll nl decisions. JobAetlml: Qualified appicanl5 are relemld lo employment attar they hawe demonoaled they possess the required skills or abiNties lo do 1he job. Clllln>Om Tr1lnlng: Assistance is provided in obtaining a GED or high 9Chool diploma. Wortc E1perltncl: A shorMenn employment program lor adults rel youth over 14 ygs to deYetop basic WOfl(ing sklls and provide job trairing in specific areas. Call: 616 451-1920 Child Development Center For children 6 weeks to School age An .,_.,. inllrgentrationol conoep1 in child care localed on lht CM1pUI ol P«W Hill !'Nebyttr>811 v.ag., loollltd II 36CO E. Ftillon, in Gnni Rapids. Now accepting applications for enrollment! For information, please contact Sandy TenHagen at 940-4049. .°"""' ds Inter-Ir bal By; - Ith i'l'olb!lt11n Vlll9I • lllnogod By Tllo~... llajids ....... YllCN *""'1. nrwmi .....,.. • Jniailable. submitted by Rosie Holmberg ' c:8i•~rand MICHIGAN INDIAN EMPLOYMENT & TRAINING ~ounc �••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Letter to Tandy Leather from the Genesee Valley Indian Association Tandy Leather Company 1400 Everman Parkway Fort Worth, Tex as Dear Sirs, After viewing page six of your "Halloween Madness Sale" flyer 133D, I have concluded that Tandy executives and share holders are not in control, or are as culturally ignorant as their advertising department. Although the native American Indian people in this area have patronized the Tandy Leather Company, we are no longer inclined to do business with those marketing practices include crude, stereotypical portraits of the Indigenous population. What could have possibly induced anyone to print, "Dress up your little Indians." We don't encourage our children to dress up like little Caucasians. And, we certainly don't think prancing around in a tuxedo or a gown and grease paint could represent an entire group of people. Imagine what it would be like to answer the cry of "Trick-or-Treat!" at your door, finding two native American children waiting for their goodies. "Oh, The family of Sarah Ann Day wishes to express their appreciation to everyone for their support and prayers in the recent loss of our beloved mother, grandmother, sister, aunt. Your prayer helped ease the pain and thebeautiful flowers so matched the · beauty of Sarah'sinner strength and character that look!" you exclaim, "it's Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers!" Bewildered, the children reply, "Why, no. We're dressed up like white people." As a further illustration, native Americans wear varied regalia. Each nation has its own unique style, which relays considerable intonnation about the person wearing his or her traditional garments. Thus, we do not wear costumes. Moreover, many of our accessories are significant and meaningful objects, worthy of legitimate, respectful duplication and demonstration. Nevertheless, each October, dozens of young people attempt to demonstrate their impression of Indian behavior. In disgusting displays, they dance through neighborhoods waving tomahawks. Bedecked in warpaint, bells and feathers, they whoop and holler every step of the way. But, I wonder how you would feel if children were dressed up as a Bible carrying ministers each Halloween? What would you think if they rolled and convulsed from door to door, waving Bibles and pretended to speak in tongues? While non-natives grope for appropriate words to identify us and our traditional attire, I find your attempt to peddle a stereotype highly offensive. touchedthe heartsbfso many people ih sd than)'< · •· . ways. . ) .• < <•• ····-:::·::··-:: ::<:>.:>:::·:::::::::· ·:_::<>::.":':',','',,,, Yourthough~ulnesswill always ~rerrierrii)erecJ. ~ •.• speciaJthanksfo tJ1e drufn · for singing ahfa>n()r ~rig for Sarah. · ThankYou; >· · Meg\Vetch . .• .Grand . .. . ... \Ve-wa~Nah! •· >·. Bap ds To do so for capital gain is inexcusable. Although you may feel it is hannless to promote your goods as "fun frontier lore," or to associate dance bell kits with "ward(ing) off evil spirits," you are teaching your children that our beliefs and feelings do not need to be respected or taken seriously. For each non-native person who struggles to uproot and destroy personal misconceptions about all aboriginal people in North America, there are those who cannot see beyond their silly fears and prejudices. Thanks to your advertising, these ideas are kept alive and extended to other countries. It's bad enough that textbooks and movies are filled with negative, derogatory and inaccurate images of native Americans, without trying to reinforce the stereotype by selling supplies to help make the fantasy come alive. The Tandy Leather Company has behaved irresponsibly and insensitively in promoting products without respect to native Americans. Rather than soil ourselves and our regalia with your merchandise, native American Indians in this area will take their business elsewhere. And, you can be certain that I will do my best to convince other communities to do the same. A SPECIAL NOTE: THE GRAND RAPIDS INTER· TRIBAL COUNCIL WILL BE CLOSED ON DECEMBER 24 & 27 AND DECEMBER 31 & JANUARY 3RD DUE TO THE HOLIDAY SEASON. WE HOPE EVERYONE WILL ENJOY THEIR HOLIDAY AND WE WISH YOU A SAFE HOLIDAY FROM THE BOARD AND STAFF OF THE GRAND RAPIDS INTER-TRIBAL COUNCIL! Inter-Ir bal .Counc l•fu) �· ····~······································· 7 M y t h s About Mammograms Myth 1: FACT: Myth 2: FACT: "I don't need a mammogram if I don't have any symptoms." ~ ~ Isadore D.J. "Tom" Wemlgwans FACT: Once is not enough. A mammogram can detect breast cancer when it is in its earliest, most treatable stages, but only if done regularly. Myth 4: FACT: "I don't need a mammogram unless my doctor says I do." Don't wait! The American Cancer Society recommends that once you turn 40, you should have a mammogram every 12 years. Starting at age 50, have a mammogram every year. Examine your breasts monthly and make sure your doctor gives you a breast examination once a year. Myth 5: "Mammograms are painful." FACT: A mammogram is simply an x-ray of your breast. Although the procedure may cause discomfort, it is very brief. Myth 6: "If a mammogram does find something, it's too late." FACT: Over 90 percent of women with breast cancer survive if the cancer is found and treated early, before it has spread beyond the breast. Myth 7: "Mammography gives off unsafe levels of radiation." FACT: The radiation exposure from mammography equipment is very low, similar to being in the sun for two hours. It is far more dangerous to allow breast cancer to go undetected than to be exposed to very low doses of radiation For more information about breast or cervical cancer, contact: American Cancer Society, Kent County Chapter 364-6121 .Council ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ ~ ~. ~ s IO Great Spirit, ~ Whose breath gives ~ life to the world and ~ whose voice is ~ heard in the soft breeze,we need ~your strength and *:l wisdom.May . we ~ walk In Beauty. May ~ ~ our eyes ever ~ behold the red and r purple sunset. ~ Make us wise so ~ that we may ~ understand what you have taught us.Help us learn the ~ lessons you have ~ hidden in every leaf ~ and rock. Make us ~ always ready to ~ come to you with ~ clean hands and I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ ; ~ :: ~: ~ I ~: ~ ~ I I i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ jj ~ I=~~~==~!:°as l.• ~ the fading sunset, ~ our spirits may ~ ~ come to you without i ~ shame. :' \,l_;=::: I~ submitted by the .. Jnter-Iribal ~ I ~ .-.·.·.-.·.·.··········~·~· · · ~· · -·.-.·.:- .• ~.,... Rapids ~ I ~ Wemigwans family! @•Grand ~ I ~ "I had one normal mammogram, so I don't need another." ~ ~ of Toronto (formerly Mammography may detect breast cancer up to two years i ~of Grand Rapids, before you or your doctor can feel a lump. ~ Mich) who died suddenly on Saturday "There's no history of breast cancer in my family, so I don't need i November 6, 1993 to worry about getting it." near Birch lslandin Eighty percent of women who develop breast cancer have his 42nd year. You no family history of the disease. ~ will be missed! Myth 3: I In Loving Memory of ............. '.'o~ ..........-.y...·.•..............,...,.......... . �~ ············································ continued form cover. CW!,d·: ~~~~t.· ~°'4. ,~s:gl,~ct .J ~~ _.t ··\=:. . =~ l . ..)..1 J. (. \/ .ii ==·=·...· _;:._ ) ==\ ......:: ... } Know the Facts Annually in Kent County: -more than 1,500 cases are reported (3,300 children). -over()()() reports (over 1,300 children) are for physical neglect. -over 500 reports (over 1,200 children) are for physical abuse. -over 250 reports (over 550 children) are for sexual abuse. -less than 10 reports are for emotional abuse. There are four types of child abuse and neglect: Physical Neglect: The chronic failure of a parent or caretaker to provide a child under 19 with basic needs such as food, shelter, medical care, educational opportunity, protection and supervision. Physical Abuse: Physical abuse is any non-accidental injury to child under the age of 19 by parent or caretaker. Non-accidental injuries my include beating, shaking, or burns, with resulting bruises; and welts, broken bones, scars or internal injuries. Sexual Abuse: Child sexual abuse is the exploitation of a child or adolescent for the sexual gratification of another person. It includes behaviors such as fondling, intercourse, verbal stimulation, or exhibitionism. Emotional Maltreatment: There are two types of emotional maltreatment that are generally recognized. Emotional neglect is the consistent failure of a parent or caretaker to provide a child with appropriate support, attention, and affection. Emotional abuse is a chronic pattern of behaviors, such as belittling, humiliating, and ridiculing a child. For more information, call The Kent County Council for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect and ask for a copy of "for Kid's Sake: AChild Abuse Prevention and Reporting Kit" 454-4673 Grand Rap ds jewelry. She was definitely one of the most beautiful women that I'd ever seen: the teeth in her smile showing pearl-white, and hair that must have cost a small fortune to put up. That face would have been right for the cover of a magazine. ' But you should have seen that face change when her husband, the Chairman, opened the door to get in beside her. like a snake or an alligator was crawling in the car. You've heard the expression, "If looks could kill ... " That face went in an instant from radiant beauty to a mask of pure hatred. The Great Spirit alone knows what made her hate him so much. Now, let's use rooney and rank as a yardstick to measure these two men: the Chairman of the Board and the small man who swept up. The Chairman wins easily without question. He sits in the owner's box on opening day at Wrigley field, and throws out the first ball. The sweeper sits somewhere in the bleachers, out in left field. He's lucky to get a bag of popcorn. But now let's take another measurement. We'll use love as a yardstick this time. Immediately we see an altogether different picture. I'm thinking of how his wife said, "my Julie" so lovingly. And about the three little boys who ran to get hold of their grandpa's leg. The Hi-Lo driver said it best: "that man is a success." Put that beside the beautiful face that turned to ugly hatred, and now it's the sweeper who's made the home run. Using love to measure success, the Chairman isn't out in left field, he can't even get into the ball park. Yes, it would be nice to have all that rooney and rank, but I couldn't take all the hate it took to get it. I'll take what the sweeper had, cleaning cart and all. How about you? Inter-Ir bal tounc I •LJ �the wrong one, as I was supposed go to the one on gangs which was being presented by Ulric Johnson but instead accidentally went to Treatment of Survivors of Violence: On November 1& 2nd, three of GRITC prevention staff (Therapeutic Tech. for Healing (pt. 1) given by Theresa plus one board member were lucky enough to attend a Anderson-Varney, Ph.D. I didn't really get into this one as conference on "Youth, Substance Abuse and Violence: Current she only talked to a select few participants which didn't make Problems, Creative Solutions". This conference, which was it all that exciting. As soon as a break came I transferred sponsored by The Kent County Health Department I MINK quickly to the correct workshop which I found to be Substance Abuse Coordinating Agency and The Center for interesting. Although I was there for just an hour it was very Substance Abuse Services was held at the Grand Plaza. The informative as it spoke on the relationship between gang fact it was held at the Grand Plaza was great but what we involvement and substance abuse. No question - a great learned in those two days was even better. We started the day workshop. in the Pantlind Ballroom listening to the welcome and opening The next day ran fairly much like the first day except I remarks (and then I thought, "What did Hunter get me into?"). didn't get lost. I attended one more workshop titled, " Then came the keynote address given by Beverly ColemanWitnessing Violence: The Impact on Children/ Issues for Miller, M.D. She spoke about increasing violence in our Treatment" given by Philip Hamberg, M.S.W., and it was society and about comparisons with other societies. Listening okay. After the workshop we all met together for lunch in the to her about the life experiences she's been through was Pantlind Ballroom. The lunch was nice and the group I ate worth the whole experience. We had a small break (I got lost with was a fun, entertaining crew. We then listened to the in the hotel) and then proceeded to our workshops. I closing remarks given by I.arry Cohen, M.S.W. who was interesting and gave a lot of information on what resource attended the one on Youth and Racial Strife which was presented by Beverly Coleman-Miller, M.D. She didn't lecture material we can send for. All in all it was a fantastic two days. Anyone interested in obtaining information that I have on us, but talked with us and discussion followed on what we believed were the main causes of racially based conflict the conference or where you can send for resource material among youth. It was a fantastic workshop where everyone can contact myself or Diane Leaureaux. had input. We broke for lunch which was rather nice and the four of us met to talk over what we thought of the conference Submitted by Cindy Pigeon (Amano-zees-ba-kwat) so far. The other workshop I attended was okay but I attended Conference News: NOii Profit Org. U.S. Postage PAID P.,....ltNo. 690 Grand Rapids, Ml A Service of READ ME: This newsletter is funded in part by United Way, Office of Substance Abuse Services, Community Mental Health, and private donations. Library Grand Valley State Univ. Allendale Ml 49401 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_turtle-talk_v31993-12 Title A name given to the resource Turtle Talk, Volume 3, December 1993 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1993-12 Description An account of the resource December 1993 (volume 3) issue of Turtle Talk by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Barber, Marcia (Editor) Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0a3fac751805b6d637c887ee0940d659.pdf dcc96b4513b8c59657ecf990f5cabe8f PDF Text Text tfranCJ aUey S":- " Volume 4 1994 N u m b e r 1 JAN (' ~ 19 £v Ta·· I" l\'~ - •••••• • Legacy of First Nations heard at United Nations Prophecies of the earth's demise at the hands of development heard by international body The ancient Hopi Prophecies tell of a time when humanity will stand out of balance, teetering at the brink of self destruction. Earthquakes, fires, floods, drought, and diseases will ravage the world in preparation for the Purification that will cleanse Mother Earth of the pollution inflicted on her. The prophecies say the destruction of the natural world will be caused by man's greed for material things, and "all over the land, freedom of the people will be suppressed as evil ruler look more to material things than to the spiritual laws of the Great Spirit". The Hopi were told to watch for signs that mark a critical time in human history, a crossroads at which man's actions will decide the fate of all life on earth. The Hopi were given instructions on how to avoid the annihilation of the world which included a directive to travel to a "great house made of mica" (glass) built on the distant eastern shores of this continent where leaders of the earth's nations would gather." There, the Hopi were instructed to knock on the door of this house in order to deliver their message to those gathered there. If refused, they were to knock again, until they had done so four times. Since 1949, the traditional elders of the Hopi have knocked three times on the door of the United Nations and have been turned away by world leaders whose "house made of mica" sits on Native homelands. This year, in the International Year of Indigenous Peoples," the fourth and final knock on the door produced a historical gathering that is the final fulfillment of the spiritual instructions given to the Hopi. On November 22 & 23, spiritual leaders from the four directions gathered at the United Nations "house made of mica" to share ancient Native prophecies warning of environmental destruction of the natural world at a historic conference called " Cry of the Earth, the Legacy of First Nations." Ceremonies included messages from Boutros Boutros-Ghali, Secretary General of the United Nations, and Interior Secretary Ada Deer, as well as an oration on sacred places by N.Scott Momaday, the Pulitzer Prize-winning author. Delegations from the Algonquin, Lakota, Hopi, Iroquois, Mi-kmaq, Huichol, and Mayan Nations delivered powerful messages handed down through the rich oral tradition of their peoples. "It's prophesied in our Instructions that the end of the world will be near when the trees start dying from the tops down - that's what the maples are doing today," said Leon Shenandoah, Tadadaho of the Six Nations Iroquois Confederacy. "Our Instructions say the time will come when there will be no corn, when nothing will grow in the garden, when the water will be unfit to drink. "We were instructed to cany a respect for all the beings of the Earth and recognized that excessive exploitation can only lead to our own destruction. We cannot trade the welfare of our future generations for profit now. We must stand together, the four sacred colors of man, as the one family that we are, in the interest of peace. We continued on page 7 Grand Rap ds Inter-Tr bal .Council �From The Director •••••••• ci'!;;:;:;n::~ri~~l:~~d;:;!t "" year ~-.: :.::.::_..=~.·. .~-~.~-~.~-~.~ -.~.~ :;.;::·:·:·:·:··:·::;:::: ::::::::::::::::::::::: .~.~.~~..:.\.: ·..• ·..•·.. :: _ : : t•i~~IW&;;~~~~:~;~:~:o~~, ~~;~~~f~hat .· .• ~~u~~ i~~~=dl~i;i~tf-i~t ~~ ~~:l~~:ft~:~e : - ~Pt impacted tht:· s~~is~~:!:~J!,ct'tp. the community. ~!• fub~~; · IB~ 2~l~~~ioughJ.~ revamped its •J!J•j\jij!il i•{ifo1~~~~!~~:e~~~-~~u~~i~o~~~~e:o~ea~e serlii2es of Bandstra BuSlh~~s Services 'Which is owned w i!S~~~~~:!i~~~~!~i:;i:L j ? to convert our accoup~pg was a decislbn which was well \ researched and wi!L~ld. significant.G6st savings to the <.:.•·•.••.•.<:ouncil. •??•' •>< /: ·:• i ::· t The Counqi!¢8tj~ij~ to stm.;i~financially, but is ·• Loretta Antoine, Roger Williams, Jeanne Harding, Bill Dunlop, Rita Blumke, Jonie Abella, Francis Davis, Larry Peshaba, Bruce Trobridge g •.·.•.· ..... •, hlS MP.In¢~ at the Courttij)s not unli~~;:Wfl~t has happened·m.many corporatldn.s. aqq~:Xfuerica OOWNSIZINQ; Jn the past 18 '¢Q~tfil, the Council has : I:... board of directors: John Hutchinson VICE PRESIDENT· Mary Roberts TREASURER· Andra Robinson SECRETARY· Rosie Holmberg PRESIDEN'tr MEMBERS: . , ) .:.. m : ~~t,particularly difficult for the Council in terms of <<::tl1~ ·r~u2titin:Jr funding by various funding sources. ::::::::;: ::::::::::::::::;::::::: :-:.;.; gritc completely ~ob#m#.e& to;'!he delivery pf effective servic~i •.9~~J;Si. s?r~RHS}9 serv~t~~ elders, substance apµ~()uVi#ti~rii¢diiriS¢1µig, mental health case ffliri~g~fue~~ and preyerition progra~ - Young F.agles, Vision Seekers, a :o/()man's group, -arid: a parenting group. •erit~; ;~to ~~~k As we 1994 much is still required to improV~>Grand Rapids Inter-TrihiiI:council. ·.·.:-:.:··-·.·.·.. :-:-:-:.:·:· r c i s a Levi A. Rickert Jeff Justin HUMAN SERVICES COORDINATOR- Lee Ann Campbell EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR- BUSINESS MANAGER- HUMAN SERVICES STAFF: Hunter Genia,Kristie Pagel,Loretta Yount, Carolyn Ogilvie-Cohen,Lew Burrows, Cindy Pigeon.Bill Dunlop SUPPORT STAFF: Denise Skorka,Chris Shomin,Diane Laureaux a e u k Two Eagles Marcus GRAPHICS ADVISOR- Michael Vanderwal LAYOUT- TURTLE TALKS MISSION IS TO PROVIDE ITS READERSHIP WITH REPORTS OF LOCAL ANO NATIONAL INTEREST WHICH MAY AFFECT ANO IMPACT OUR NATIVE AMERICAN COMMUNITY. TURTLE TALK WELCOMES SUBMISSIONS OF ANNOUNCEMENTS, ARTICLES ANO POEMS (PARTICULARLY NATIVE HEALTHRELATEO) ACCOMPANIED BY OF THE AUTHOR. REQUIREMENTS. THE SIGNATURE ANO ADDRESS SPACE IS LIMITED DUE TO FUNDING DEADLINE FOR SUBMISSIONS IS THE FIRST WEEK OF THE MONTH FOR THE UPCOMING MONTH'S ISSUE. THE VIEWS EXPRESSED IN TURTLE TALK ARE THOSE OF THE AUTHOR ANO NOT NECESSARILY THOSE OF GRIT( OR ITS BOARD OF DIRECTORS. TURTLE TALK IS PUBLISHED ~RA N DR A p 1 D s i N TE R - 45 MONTHLY BY THE r R 1s A Lr o u N c 1L, LEXINGTON AVENUE NW, GRAND RAPIDS, Ml 49504. (616) 774-8331, FAX (616) 774-2810. PHONE turtle talk information A ONE YEAR SUBSCRIPTION TO TURTLE TALK IS $5. FOR OUR REASONABLE ADVERTISING RATES, CALL THE OFFICE AT 774-8331. turtle talk due dates: SUBMISSIONS TO TURTLE TALK MUST BE RECEIVED IN OUR OFFICE BY THE FIRST WEEK OF EACH Levi A. Rickert Executive Director MONTH FOR THE UPCOMING MONTH'S ISSUE. (NOT ALL MATERIAL SUBMITIED CAN BE USED IN TURTLE TALK) PLEASE GET ALL ANNOUNCEMENTS IN TO TURTLE TALK BY THE FIRST WEEK OF THE MONTH BEFORE THE EVENT. ~·.Grand Rap ds Inter-Tr bat ~ounc �~~$·~®·~$$~$$~*~·*····~······················ LEONARD PELTIER Leonard Peltier, Anishnabe/I.akota is ' serving his 17th year of two consecutive life sentences in maximum security at Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary for a crime he did not commit. What he did was stand up for his people against the wishes of energy conglomerates to mine the rich uranium, oil and coal deposits beneath the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota. What he did was dare to say "no" to continued injustices that were a part of life at Pine Ridge in the 70s. For this, he was convicted of the deaths of two FBI agents during a shoot-Out at Pine Ridge on June 26, 1075. He remains in prison today even though the government has actually admitted it doesn't know who killed the agents. THE BACKGROUND In the early 1970s the traditional I.akota people at Pine Ridge opposed leasing and selling reservation lands fro uranium rrurung. The government-backed tribal leader, Richard Wilson, favored uranium mining and was not adverse to vehemently attacking anyone who got in his way. Much of this violence was aimed at destroying the American Indian Movement (AIM) whom traditional I.akota people had summoned for protection against the onslaught of Wilson's FBI-backed police. Leonard Peltier was among the AIM members who answered this plea for help. They came, aware that Wilson's police were backed by military assault weapons, tactical support, and FBI-supplied intelligence about AIM supporters. The formidable presence which the FBI maintained on the reservation during this time was difficult to ignore. THE SHOOT-Our It was in this atmosphere of violence that, on June 26, 1975, two FBI agents drove onto a family's land on the res_ervation at high speed, in cars nobody coul~ identify, allegedly following a Native American in a red pick-up truck who had been accused of stealing cowboy boots. Their behavior precipitated a shoot-out in which the agent and a Native American man, Joe Stuntz Killsright, were killed. According to the U.S. Civil Rights Commission, within hours for the shoot-out hundreds of paramilitary-equipped, combatclad FBI agents and U.S. Marshals staged a dragnet through the reservation in a fever of revenge in which men, women and children were terrified and properties and houses were ransacked. There was no investigation into the death of the Native American. THE TRIALS Of the four men eventually indicted for the murder of the agents, one was released due to "weak" evidence. Two others were acquitted in July 1976 when a jury concluded that although they had fired at the agents, they had done so in selfdefense. Leonard Peltier was indicted on the same charges but was not tried until the following year. Fearing for his life after the shoot-out, he had escaped to Canada but in 1976 was arrested and extradited based on affidavits that in 1985 government prosecutors admitted were fabricated. The government successfully created an atmosphere of fear and intimidation around Peltier's trial, and the presiding judge rejected all attempts by the defense to introduce evidence of FBI culpability. This, along with a prosecution team that withheld exculpatory evidence showing that the shell casing found closest to the scene of the Gary sh'e:a.han · = ~:e: ! i~:g:r·K::=i:w=~·,. Man u·iflt::co ntrera s Caro I e . ,.Ma rb I e e~ffi~:~11:r~1,~. ;o . , ., ~hi I Me m be rtb,. continued on page 6 Grand Rap ds _ Int er-_r1 T "b al .Counc I • ~ �Child Development Center For children 6 weeks to School age An in""""'""' inlergeneralional concep1 in child care localed on tne C3l1"flUS ol Porer Hills Presbylerian Vilage. located at 3600 E. Fulton. in Grmd Rapids. Now accepting applications for enrollment! For information, please contact Sandy TenHagen at 940-4049. • °"'1ed By: Por111f His Pre~ Wlage • "3mged By: Tre Gland Ropods Moire. YIK.>v Soulleast enn;, •fll'W'ICial°'SSIStan::eisAvailable. ANISHNABE STUDENTS: The new policy for the Tuition Waiver applicants is, per the Auditor General, that all applications now require proof of residency. On the reverse side of the T.W. application i n st r u ct i o n s # 2 , st a t es : W h e n fi II i n g o u t t h le "Length of Residency in Michigan" section, one of the following acceptable forms of proof must accompany this application: rent receipts, a Michigan drivers license, income tax return, employment record, voter registration card or affidavit. Should you have any questions please feel free to call me direct at this number: 517335-1641. Tuition Waiver Coordinator, Carolyn M. Kiogima. PARENTS GROUP MEETS THURSDAYS FROM 5:30 TO 7:00 P.M. MICHIGAN INDIAN EMPLOYMENT & TRAINING SERVICES, INC. WOMENS GROUP MEETS TUESDAY FROM 6:30 TO 8:30 P.M. Region Ill 2 Fountain Place 60 N. Division Grand Rapids. Ml 49503 ACTIVffiES & SERVICES career Guidance: A para-professional counseling service to help applicants assune responsibility for making career planS and decisions. Joi> Referral: Qualified applicants are referred IO employment alter they have demonstrated they possess the required skills or abilities to do the job. Classroom Training: • · cALt•· FoR vol.ON~~E~§ ·GRffc•is•• in·· ne~· of volunte~r5 fo·· provideoffiC~ 5(J~J>'ort£ Assistance is provided in obtaining a GED or high school diploma. Worlt Experience: A short-term employment program tor adults and youth over 14 years to develop basic working skills and provide job training in specific areas. Call: (616) 451-1920 ~·~rand Rapids >·····•••••••••••••••••••-•<<··········· . ······· · Inter-Tr bal ~ounc •••U• �What's The Difference Between Discipline and Abuse? My Fitst Year...... In properly applied discipline, ooth the parent and the child know and understand the desired outcome of any action taken. The parent tells the child or demonstrates the desired behavior in a positive, supportive way. The child may then be allowed to practice the behavior, receiving praise for attempts to achieve the goal set by the parent. Parent/child interaction does not threaten either and allows ooth to express genuine feelings. Children can participate in making rules for the family, especially those that apply directly to him or her. Any failure to comply with rules has consistent, clearly defined, and appropriate consequences that help the child learn and grow. Abuse is improperly applied punishment taken by the parent to vent anger, express negative thoughts aoout the child, and eliminate opportunity for the child to understand parental motives. Impulsive, ·inconsistent, or harsh behavior by the parent is received as condemnation by the child. The message received is usually one that convinces the victim that he or she is a "bad" person. Resentment, hostility, and thoughts of retaliation often result instead of the desired outcome. Parents who apply the same "discipline" for every misbehavior are not in tune with the child's needs and the result is that the disciplinary action is usually ineffective. This leads to frustration and may even frighten the parent when the child becomes resistant, or defiant. The result is an acceleration of parent/child misunderstanding, harsher punishment, and perhaps mutual distrust and hatred. Parents who use corporal punishment exclusively on misbehaving children will find that as the child grows, becomes bigger and stronger, the "spanking" also must become stronger. The obvious result is that adolescents are perhaps beaten as the only control the parent now has over the child. There are ways to rear children without destroying their human potential or creating another child abuser. Since I have joined the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council, I have seen the growth in the Young EaglesNision Seekers program. When I first came in I saw the Monday night and Wednesday night group and each had about 8-10 youth in each and now that number has increased at least double. The group that Diane Leaureaux runs on Tuesday night has also grown dramatically and some of the parents had even wanted them to expand the time from one hour to one and a half hours. When I first started Susan Ives showed me how the program worked on Monday nights and I appreciate the things she taught me. I really miss her as my partner and was nervous about continuing without her. Although I was left to work those nights solo I found strong support from various families. A special thanks to Kelly Loonsfoot for becoming my volunteer partner. I like where I work and believe that Hunter Genia has proven to be an excellent leader at work and all around for that matter. I will not say he is a boss for he is not bossy but more of a person to give direction. I thought I was here to share myself with the kids but I find they have just as much to share with me. The kids have taught me the most this year. They have given me a higher self-esteem. I have pride in our youth that just cannot be beat. They taught me many things, one being the acceptance of others who are true to themselves. They can show so much respect no matter what activity we are doing. The way they worked putting the Senior Care Packages together made me proud. The teamwork proves our future is going to be brighter. The week of camp, lock-ins, picnic, trip to colleges and the pow wow was great to experience with them. I see many powerful things from this group and I just want to thank everyone for giving me the opportunity to work with them. Migwech! Cindy Pigeon Ci rand Rap ds Inter-Tribal .Counc 1•fu5 �········~···································· Leonard... page 3 murder didn't match the gun allegedly used by Peltier, resulted in his conviction on tow counts of murder in the first degree. TIIE APPEALS Since Peltier's conviction in 1977, the courts ruive rejected three appeals for a new trial. During the second appeal, the Justice Department admitted that it had no idea who did kill the agents. When an appellate judge commented that he saw no credible evidence of first degree murder, the prosecution argued that Peltier should remain in prison because he had "aided and abetted" in the murder of the agents. Because Peltier had been convicted of close-up, first degree murder (not aiding and abetting) it was this change of theory by the government that became the basis of a third appeal for a new trial. But on July 7, 1993, this request was again denied. During the second appeal, the court acknowledged that Peltier had not been tried for aiding and abetting. They added that because charges of government misconduct either could or should have been litigated earlier, they could not be litigated now. The case against Leonard Peltier is so riddled with perjury, suppressed evidence, coerced witnesses and fabricated affidavits that over 20 million people from around the world, as well as 55 members of Congress, are urging the President to grant Peltier executive clemency. What can you do to help? * Call the Leonard Peltier: Support Group/ Kalamazoo (616) 387-8558 * Write Leonard directly: Leonard Peltier Box 1000 Leavenworth, KS 66048 * Send donations to: Leonard Peltier Defense Committee #98637-132 P.O. Box 583 Lawrence, KS 66044 913-842-5774 @•Grand MICWA ... :: The Michigan Indian Child Welfare Agency (MICWA) is a tribally controlled child placing agency committed to maintaining Indian culture through providing child welfare services through Indian people, organizations, and services. Recently, Sylvia Evans, M.S.W. accepted the position of Acting Director of MICWA. Previously, Sylvia was Acting Director of Native American Affairs for the Michigan Department of Social Services. Sylvia has been active throughout the State when it comes to issues concerning Indian families. More importantly, as an Anishnabekweh, Sylvia has a strong sense of the importance of the Anishnabek family and will focus the Agency in this direction. The emphasis of the Agency is keeping children in the homes of their parents. When this is not possible, the Indian Child Welfare Act, P.L. 95-608, will be followed and the Agency's service delivery will be based on the family preservation roodel. That is, family centered casework and support services designed to: *strengthen families; *promote the protection and well being of children; * help parents improve their parenting abilities; * prevent, reduce or eliminate behavior which may place a child, family or community at risk; *expedite the return of a child and promote reunification with their family and communicate; *promote a stable and nurturing family environment where a child can grow and develop; and improve family functioning. The MICWA is now under the umbrella of Inter-Tribal Council of Michigan, Inc., in Sault Ste. Marie with its central office housed at ITC. MICWA also, has offices located at the Keweenaw Bay Tribal Center; Hannahville Tribal Center; Lansing and Grand Rapids. For more information call 454-9221or1-800-880-2089. Submitted by Fran Compo Rap ds .fnter-Iribal ~ounc �····~···~···································· from cover must raise leaders of peace and unite the religions of the world as the spiritual force strong enough to prevail in peace." Arvol Looking Horse, the 19th Generation Keeper of the Sacred Pipe for the Lakota Nation, _ opened the Lakota delegation's presentation with a smudging of sweetgrass and a sacred song that was followed by statements from Birgil Kills Straight, Oglala Lakota, and Ollie Nespesni, Sicangu Lakota. Looking Horse's message, delivered in Lakota, was translated by Joe Chasing Horse. "The Lakota/Dakota/Nakota people are one voice, heart, and mind- we are one nation. Under Wakan Tanka, there are no boundaries that can separate us as people," Looking Horse said. "Mitakuye Oyasin" means "All My Relations," and in our philosophy we value and respect all living things. "The philosophy of Mother Earth as a living being has crucial importance for us. One cannot sell one's Mother. You cannot carve up and distribute your Mother who is the source of nourishment and support for your very existence. Yet that is happening." There is a crying need to mend this hoop of all nations which is included in our prophecy of Mending the Sacred Hoop. We all belong to and are a part of this sacred hoop. These past 500 years, our sacred relationship we have to one another has been eroded. Our spiritual life has been severely limited by our lack of connection to our Mother Earth." "Our sacred sites have been confiscated, our people have been prevented from praying at these places. We must again be allowed to access our sacred sites for the continued existence of all nations and for peace and harmony." The conference was preceded by a ceremonial planting of a Tree of Peace in New York's Central Park offered by the Iroquois Confederacy. Story written by News From Indian Country "PLAIN TALK" dealing with the angry child Handling children's anger can be puzzling, draining, and distressing for adults. In fact, one of the major problems in dealing with anger in children is the angry feelings that are often stirred up in us. It has been said that we as parents, teachers, counselors, and administrators need to remind ourselves that we were not always taught how to deal with anger as a fact of life during our own childhood. We were led to believe that to be angry was to be bad, and we were often made to feel guilty for expressing anger. It will be easier to deal with children's anger if we get rid of this notion. The goal is not to repress or destroy angry feelings in children- or in ourselves- but rather to accept the feelings and to help channel and direct them to constructive ends. Parents and teachers must allow children to feel all their feelings. Adult skills can then be directed toward showing children acceptable ways of expressing their feelings. Strong feelings cannot be denied, and angry outbursts should not always be viewed as a sign of serious problems; they should be recognized and treated with respect. To respond effectively to overly aggressive behavior in children we need to have some ideas about what may have triggered an outburst. Anger may be a defense to avoid painful feelings; it may be associated with failure, low self-esteem, and feelings of isolation; or it may be related to anxiety about situations over which the child has no control. Angry defiance may also be associated with feelings of dependency, and anger may be associated with sadness and depression. In childhood, anger and sadness are very close to one another and it is important to remember that much of what an adult experiences as sadness is expressed by a child as anger. In dealing with angry children, our actions should be motivated by the need to protect and to teach, not by a desire to punish. Parents and teachers should show a child that they accept his or her feelings, while suggesting other ways to express the feelings. An adult might say, for example, "Let me tell you what some children would do in a situation like this ..." It is not enough to tell children what behaviors we find unacceptable. We must teach them acceptable ways of coping. Also, ways must be found to communicate what we expect of them. Contrary to popular opinion, punishment is not the most effective way to communicate to children what we expect of them. Borrowed from a Mental Health Report c; rand Rap ds Inter-Tr bal t ounc I •LJ �find out exactly what is going on before you get the information from one or two people. Isn't there any This letter is in regards to the petitions which have possibility that all these people could come to the board recently been turned in here at G.R.I.T.C .. I won't go into meetings and state their say. Once in a while we as board detail about such petitions because you people in Indian members hear something here and there but never has more Country already know what it's about. Anyway, on the petition to remove the board members I than 30 of you ever come at once to address a problem This agency has been in existence for some 20 years and counted 130 signatures. Now let's cut to the chase, out of all these signatures I would say only about 30 have actually has gone through much adversity, turmoil and employment turnover but never has this agency closed. This agency has had any contact with G.R.I.T.C. in the last couple Qf years never intentionally tried to hurt anyone despite some bad and the number may even be less. decisions made on behalf of this agency by administrators Besides having such a high number of people signing which in the end we as board members are ultimately for negative P.R. against G.R.I.T.C. some of these people responsible. We could go on and on about past happenings weren't even Anishnabe a few years ago and have no but the community people we see won't change and the business petitioning us. As for the other petitioners they're only way this community or any community will change is if getting all their information as hearsay, so who are these we unite as one. Whether or not that rreans replacing people? What I as a board member would like to know is board members or administrators we'll see but the bottom how as an Anishnabe community you can unite this strong for something negative. Where were you when this agency line is that you need to know the facts by attending the meetings and you need to step up when these or if these needed a positive hand in volunteering, donations, youth positions come available ...... groups etc.... So if there is ever a time in the future your approached to petition against G.R.I.T.C. or any other Larry Peshaba organization I suggest you first go to the board meetings and TIME TO STEP UP ..... ~~ " ................. I ~t~f· J~v READ ME: This newsletter is funded in part by United Way, Office of Substance Abuse Services, Community Mental Health, and private donations. library Grand Valley State Univ. Allendale Ml 49401 Non Profit Org. U.S. Postage PAID PenaH No. 690 Grand Rapids. Ml ......A ..S•e•rv•·.,,·e•o•f• � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_turtle-talk_v41994-01 Title A name given to the resource Turtle Talk, Volume 4, January 1994 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1994-01 Description An account of the resource January 1994 (volume 4) issue of Turtle Talk by the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Genia, Hunter (Editor) Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b3514581ea368c3e65d23dddba3e40c6.pdf 3c6ccf4434c09d6604b9619c743e5059 PDF Text Text 6-11 PM- DORR MICH/GAN.AMERICAN LEGION 1-IALL EVERYONE WELCOM! TO DANCE, SING, FcAST, I-IONDR. ANO RfMEHBE'R POf LUCK BRING A D,-su TO PASS PlUS YOUR OWN TABLE SERVICE Geo~e /VL.._rl,;, '11'1 793-J 4bl Ft-dnk. 81-1sl, ,16 79Z-6J$ § � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_veterans-dance-feast_1981-11 Title A name given to the resource Veterans Dance and Feast, November 1981 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1981-11 Description An account of the resource Veterans Dance and Feast flyer, Dorr MI, November 11, 1981, collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b47ed73f0fa73b663e77fc4888cef5af.pdf a556b2e8f2d21e8183791be784d77761 PDF Text Text f,- I l PM-AMERICAN LEGION HALL. DO RR MICHIGAN 1 EVERYONE 'w'ELCOME TO DAHCE,SING, FEAST; HDNOI? AND REMEMBER , POT LUGK. BRING A DISH TO PASS AND YOUR OWN TABLE SERVICE � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_veterans-dance-feast_1982-11 Title A name given to the resource Veterans Dance and Feast, November 1982 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1982-11 Description An account of the resource Veterans Dance and Feast flyer, Dorr MI, November 11, 1982, collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/8a28474a9e806accd5d6b60987a1dd4f.pdf c36a5c940670c688ebe2eb6641233eb2 PDF Text Text / t... . . 1 b·II PM·· U.A.\J. .1-IALL ALL'EGAN, __·_ MICHIGAN -·__-_ EVERYONE WflCOME TO DAHC£.,S1HG,.F£AST, HONOR AND_REMEMBER ~ POT LUGI( BRINGA DISH· 10.PASS~ANl> YOUR O\JN TABLE 5ERVIC INFnPMATlf>~ r~tbl 792-6335 - C616J 71J3·4'-04<J · . ~~_____., ��WELCOME 'UA lu. !-IA LL to the CITY of ALLEGAN / I iN LOrlf I' I -...__ I II ~, CHICHESTfR I I :1 I I I I I I I -' HOOK(ti I I I / I I JACKSON STREET STll.TE THE ALLEGAN AREA CHAMBER OF COMMERCE P.O. BOX 304 • ALLEGAN, MICHIGAN 49010 Phone:616/673-2479 TRUNKLINE COUNTY PRIMARY COUNTY LOCAL MAJOR SYSTEMS •• w ::::::c STREET LOCAL STRE_E_i -- - -- - . - . .,,, - - - - � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_veterans-dance-feast_1983-11 Title A name given to the resource Veterans Dance and Feast, November 1983 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1983-11 Description An account of the resource Veterans Dance and Feast flyer, Allegan MI, November 11, 1983, collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/9b6effb29e83a802a50e2a13188cc7de.pdf 661dccd5c8d45bce8ac94f30efe3d058 PDF Text Text (,·If PM· U.A.W .HALL, ALLEGAN,_ MICHIGAN, EVERYONE WELCOME TO .DAHCE.,SING., FfA.ST, HONOR AND REMEMBEJ?., , PDT LUCI( BRINGA DIS/.1 ro PASS AN]) YOUR O\JN TABLE SERVICE �Ghosf Fea.s+ A\\ RCI pi els /nf( v--Tr I b,d °-o u vi (!_i / ~ S Lex in3+on N.W. Dq_te._ ·. NoveVV1.ber I) ICf f'-/ Gro.Y)d 1- 9 PM Ti W\e..,,·, G'I m Whe_V'C.,·. +o LOLtv\<!.,,\ · C\ Y\d +o.6\e.- q me°"-+ c_~f'ee, Pot\ucJ:. +o 'P ~urnls~ - ss 8r;n.j o, di sh cxv\ cl "/ o u ., o w n ser-v,'c.e. �•• ... NON NOm O!tO, Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council U. S. POST:A.GE P .A I D PERM ,: 45 Lexington, N.W., Grand Rapids, Mich. 49504 ~.J G . 690 GIJ't-<iD ~_.;_p·( . ~. '·' " Edward V. Gillis 2512 Union NE G. R., Mi 49505 \ . � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_veterans-dance-feast_1984-11 Title A name given to the resource Veterans Dance and Feast, November 1984 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1984-11 Description An account of the resource Veterans Dance and Feast flyer, Allegan MI, November 11, 1984, collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/abce2cd9b24299ec462c592a52bed943.pdf d75c148eae9002296c38e80106742b89 PDF Text Text Saturday November 9, 1991 Grand Entry 1:00 p.m. and 7:00 p.m. Seniors 55 up free Persons 16-55 $1.00 Children 6-16 .50 Children under 6 free NO OUTSIDE · RAFFLES Location G.R. Community College Ford Field House Lyon & Bostwick Free Parking at ramp next door Sponsored by: G.R. Community College; Vet's Center Grand Rapids Inter-tribal Council Highlighting Native American G I Education Native American Dancers, Singers and Drums For info call: 774-8331 Native American Traders � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_veterans-pow-wow_1991-11 Title A name given to the resource Veterans Pow Wow, November 1991 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1991-11 Description An account of the resource Veterans Pow Wow flyer, Grand Rapids MI, November 9, 1991, collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/8b090d27990ea8814d11aac6fe04ad7b.pdf 7807bbce9da905c5a8d20a9e861cb9f0 PDF Text Text I ' U / ~ VETERANS POWWOW SATURDAY NOVEMBER 13, 1993 /v() '/o ) u u J ) 0 U ~ ,) Remembering The Forgotten Warrior ,° {) FORD FIELDHOUSE Grand Rapids, Michigan Public Welcome �DEDICATED TO ALL VETERANS WHO HAVE SERVED THEIR NATION. THANK YOU FOR YOUR SACRIFICES AND WELCOME HOME • • This program is made possible by donations from ·••• UAW LOCAL UAW LOCAL UAW LOCAL UAW LOCAL UAW LOCAL UAW LOCAL UAW LOCAL UAW LOCAL UAW LOCAL 730 2151 187 1231 828 730 2151 730 8000 VETERANS COMMITTEE VETERANS COMMITTEE VETERAND COMMITTEE VETERANS COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP MEMBERSHIP MEMBERSHIP RETIREES STATE EMPLOYEES ®~ 119-M �~ cteran Pow-ffro _Hcmoring All Veterans ~ November 13, 1993 Head Veteran Dancers ................... Frank Bush and Josie Cogswell Host Drum ............ Little Weasel Thunderchild Singers (Shingue-sase) Head Dancers ................................. George and Syd Martin Master of Ceremonies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bill Memberto Arena Director . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ron Peters Barz GRAND ENTRY 1 :00 PM AND 7:00 PM FLAG SONG INVOCATION INTRODUCTION OF HEAD DANCERS VETERANS' SONG INTER-TRIBAL DANCING CLOSING CEREMONIES 9:00 PM (Break for dancers 5:00 pm - 7 pm) Sponsored by: Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Grand Rapids Community College Assisted by: VET Center �THE POW-WOW The Anishnabe people have been honoring their veterans for as long as there has been warriors. The teachings tell us that the Veterans POW-WOW was initiated by the women of the Midewi win Society to honor their warriors. During the 70's this POW-WOW was held in Hopkins burg, MI, later in the 70's it moved to Allegan, MI, and in the latter part of the 1980's came to Grand Rapids and was held as a cultural gathering at the West Side Complex, where it was sponsored by the Grand Rapids Inter-tribal Council. In 1991 the Grand Rapids Community College invited the Anishnabe to the Ford Fieldhouse as a Co-sponsor with the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council with the assistance of the Vet Center, and has been held there 3 years. The POW-WOW has historical, spiritual, and social value to Native American people. In addition to participating in the traditional dance and song, Native American people visit with family and friends, make new acquaintances, and trade their arts and crafts. The POW-WOW has also become a means of providing an opportunity for cultural sharing with non-Native American people. During the POW-WOW, wisdom passes from elders to the children. To Native American people, the elders and children are particularly important. Both the young, who are just beginning their journey through life, and the elders, who are near the completion of their journey, share a closeness to the Creator. To those who have newly arrived and to those who will soon leave it, the world is especially beautiful. �BEAD POW WOW PEOPLE Coordination of events during a Pow Wow is very important. In order to keep things running smoothly, the "Head People" are asked to take major responsibilities for the Pow Wow. They are selected for their knowledge, skill, and ability to carry out their tasks. It is a great honor to be selected as one of the Head People. BEAD VETERAN DANCER The Head Veteran Dancer is one of the most important dancers in the Pow Wow. He is the dancer who carries the eagle feather staff during Grand Entry and represents all Native Americans who have given their service and lives in defense of our country. He leads the rest of the dancers into the arena during Grand Entry. Head Veteran Dancer - Frank Bush , U.S. Marine Corps , Wounded WWII The Head Veteran Dancer is one of the most important dancers in the Pow Wow. He is the dancer who carries the flag during the Grand Entry and represents all of the Indian people who gave their lives for our country. He also is the dancer who leads the rest of the dancers in the Grand Entry. Frank Bush is of the Eagle Clan Potawatomi from Southwestern Michigan. He belongs to the Huron & Pokagon Bands of Potawatomi. Frank Bush has dedicated his life to Indian causes and culture . He is a respected elder and teacher of the Native American ways Head Veteran Dancer - Josie Cogswell, Grand River Band Ottawa, U.S. Women's Army Corp., 1955 to 1957. Head Veteran Dancer, 1stannualBuckyTeeple POW-WOW, Muskegon, Ml, Three Fires POW-WOW , Grand Rapids, Ml, 1992and 1993. Vets POWWOW, 1992. �HEAD DANCERS George and Sydney Martin consider being selected as Head Dancers for the Veterans POW-WOW an honor. They begin each dance and guide or direct the other dancers in the proper social and cultural tableaus that have been and are so much a part of the Indian tradition and culture. They are knowledgeable and respectful of the POW-WOW protocol, history and traditions as well as each being able dancers in their own right. George is a Lac Courte Orielles Ojibwa, Lynx Clan, First Degree Mide', Three Fires Lodge, Midewiwin Society. He is dedicated to the traditional ways and on passing them along to his children and grandchildren and is sharing with other interested Native Americans. George has given many years of "We're mindful and thankful of the revitalization and responsibiliservice to the Native and non-Native community at ties of our activism whenever we're asked to share the traditions the State, regional and local levels. Some of his of our culture with old and new friends." current involvements are the Spirit People Inc. Board of Directors, Dorr American Legion, Hopkinsburg V.F.W., and conducting Mide' ceremonies for Anishnabe inmates at both Jackson and Muskegon Correctional prisons. George served in the U.S.A.F. during the Korean arid Vietnam eras and was honorable discharged in 1964. Since that time he has worked for and retired from Rockwell International, Allegan, MI. George's father served in the U.S. Army in W.W. I, as did two of his uncles. George points out that they served, as did many Ojibwa men, before the Native Americans were granted American citizenship by an Act of Congress in 1928. George and Sydney have been married for 34 years and are the parents of four children. They have three daughters and one son who is currently serving as a U.S. Army Sergeant in Kuwait. Sydney Martin is Pottawattorni, Wolf Clan, First Degree Mide', Three Fires Lodge, Midewiwin Society. Syd is the only child of renowned basket maker Gladys Sands. Syd's father was Harvey Harper, WW II M.I.A. Sydney too, creates an occasional basket but enjoys making traditional clothing. In September, Sydney was named by the Kellogg Foundation (administered by the Nokomis Learning Center) as a Great Lakes Native Woman Artist (for clothing art) to a year long learning project. Sydney is a life-long resident of the Hopkins area except for the U .S .A.F. years. Syd's current involvements include serving on the Board of Directors of West Michigan Environmental Action Council (W .M.E.A. C.), County of Allegan Leadership League (C.A.L.L.) and M.S .U. Extension for Allegan County �MASTER OF CEREMONIES It is the responsibility of the M.C. to coordinate the POW WOW activities and keep events running smoothly. All announcements, information and explanation of events are made by the M.C. The M.C. must have knowledge of all the songs, dances, customs, culture, tribes, and general information about POW WOWS as he is expected to explain all aspects of POW WOW activities. He must be active for the entire duration of the POW WOW. Bill Memberto is an Odawa/Ojibway from the Western Michigan area. He has been active in the Pow-wow circuit for many years. He has been a member of several drums from the Michigan and has served as M.C. of various Pow-wows throughout the Great Lakes area. He is a veteran of the U.S. Army serving from 1962-1966. Bill has served as a community activist at the local, state and federal levels. He has worked for and directed various health and human services initiatives both in the Western Michigan and the Southeastern Michigan areas. He was a member of the Governors Commission on Indian Affairs from 1979-1981 for the Southeastern Michigan area and then from 1982-1988 for the Western Michigan area. He is presently the Chairperson of the Multi-Cultural Standing Committee for the Department of Mental Health. Bill received his bachelors degree form Ferris State University and his Masters Degree from Grand Valley State University School of Social Work. His daughter Angie lives in the Houghton Lake area and attends college and directs a photography studio in that area. Bill is presently employed by the Counseling Center at Ferris State University and also teaches in the Social Work Department. ARENA DIRECTOR The Arena Director is often the busiest person at the Pow Wow. He is responsible for coordinating everything which will ensure the dancing commences smoothly. If any singerordancer has a problem with anon-site deficiency, the arena director makes every effort to remedy the situation. He must make sure all the drummers and dancers have everything they need to participate in the pow wow. He coordinates Grand Entries and specialty dances plus deals with anyone who may be behaving inappropriately during the dancing or in the arena. �THE GRAND ENTRY The Grand Entry is the first dance of the Pow Wow. The dancers enter the dance circle arena from the east in a single file. The Eagle Staff (representing Native American nations) and the United States flag are carried atthe head of the line. The dancers at the front of the line have a place of honor, respect, and responsibility. The dancers create a circle on the outer perimeter of the dance area, representing the sacred circle. Participants signal Grandfather and their ancestors to witness this physical testimony of the continuation of traditional values. MEN'S TRADITIONAL DANCE Acting out feats of bravery through dance, dancers use story telling movements. They represent an older, distinguished sector of the Pow Wow. The Southern, orstraighttraditional dancers, wear ribbon-skirted regalia with bead work piecesof hide, and a red roach headdress of porcupine quills or horsehair, but no bustle; they assume a dignity of movement. Moving clockwise around the drum, Northern dancers imitate animals with side-to-side movements of their heads. Typically, they wear buckskin, on bustle, leggings, a breast plate of bone and a roach; they often use mirrors to reflect back what is given. What to watch for: Most interesting is watching the story line develop as each dancer challenges the enemy. Even with the slow tempo, the rhythm must be in harmony with the drum. Try to interpret each motion and compare the different ways dancers imitate the eagle or the porcupine. Jerry Pigeon, Sr., Eagle Clan, Potawatoml, Traditional Dancer, Weekaun (spiritual officer) of the Mide' Widjig, Vietnam Veteran. WOMEN'S TRADITIONAL DANCE This dance of honor reflects the women in Indian society, including their roles as givers of life, keepers of home and family, decision-makers, and heads of households. Northern dancers dance in one position or area. Southern dancers move clockwise around the drum. Although styles of dress vary, buckskin or cloth dresses with ribbons and shells are often worn. What to watch for: Discipline is essential to the slow, graceful movements of the dance. Dancing in perfect harmony with the drum, while never breaking the sedate spirit, is the essence of the dance. The dips and sways are executed with no break in dignity. Virginia Pigeon, Traditional Dancer. Elder and member of Cedar Women's Society, Mide' Wldjig. �INTER-TRIBAL DANCES The dances are sometime called friendship dances and are a chance for everyone to join in the dancing. It is not necessary to be dressed in regalia to participate. The Master of Ceremonies will often announce the inner-tribals, which make up the largest portion of the dances, and encourage the audience to join in. GRASS DANCE The people travelled and often made a new camp. Different tasks were given to those most suitef for them. The energy of young men made it natural for them to help set up a dancing place. As the grass was very tall in the days before the land was worked into farms, a group of young men moved around the common area and with their feet pushed down the grass, pressing it again and again until the area was more comfortable to move through. Their movements recalled the wind restlessly swirling the grass. ..L MEN'S FANCY DANCE WOMEN'S FANCY DANCE Today's men's colorful Fancy Feather dance based on the traditional and Warrior Society dances. The dancer's talent and skill is reflescted in his foorwork, body movements and his ability to stay in step with the drumbeat. What to watch for: Following the rhythm of the drum with the steps, the motion of the head and the flow of the body are important elements in the Fancy Dance. Since the steps are individual, the expression of the emotion of the music and the change of pace from the slowernorthern style to the faster southern beat are important. As in all Native American dancing, the finish in exact time with the song is significant in the judging. This dance is popular with young women today as a competitive piece at Powwows. It may have originated as the Butterfly Dance. When her mate is killed in battle, the female butterfly mourns and goes into her cocoon as interpreted with the shawl. Her emergence celebrates freedom and a new life. The dancer makes her colorful shawl, worn over the shoulders, dance with her. Creativity and smoothness are the keys to an outstanding performance. What to watch for: Since each dancer has her own individual style, the essence is how well the steps and motions express and harmonize with the drums. Being in time with the beat is important, as is the ability to end the dance precisely. �THE JINGLE DRESS DANCE At a time when there was widespread sickness and weakness among the people, many people were searching for a way to restore the health of the community. A young Chippewa girl had a dream in which she saw how effective prayers could be made. The next day she went to a wise grandmother, a medicine woman, who helped her with the realization of her dream. They sewed onto a dress of beautiful fabric many small cones of metal. Each one went with a prayer. And, when it was worn in the dance, the dress made a jingling sound recalling the saying of constant prayers. THE SACRED We dance within the Sacred Circle and become all that it represents. All things contained within the Circle are equal within it. The Circle is the Universe. It is change, life, death, birth, and learning. It is the cycle of all things that exist; our way of touching and experiencing harmony with all other things. All things of the Circle have life and spirit; the rocks, Earth, sky, plants, and animals. Our spirit is determined and made whole only through the learning or harmony with all our relatives, the other spirits of the Circle. And the Circle is the way of seeking this understanding; it is our mirror. (Adapted from Seven Arrows Hyemeyohsts Storm) The Pow Wow grounds are arranged in a series of circles: the drum, the drummers, the singers, the dancers, the dance area, and the traders. "You have noticed that everything an Indian does is in a circle, and that is because the Power of the World always works in circles, and everything tries to be round. In the old days, when we were a strong and happy people, all our power came to us from the sacred hoop of the nation, and so long as the hoop was unbroken, the people flourished. The flowering tree was the living center of the hoop, and the circle of the four quarters nourished it. The east gave peace and light, the south gave warmth, the west gave rain, and the north with its cold and mighty wind gave strength and endurance. This knowledge came to us form the outer world with our religion. Everything the Power of the World does is done in a circle. The sky is round, and I have heard that the earth is round like a ball, and so are all the stars. The wind, in its greatest power, whirls. Birds make their nests in circles, for theirs is the same religion as ours. The sun comes forth and goes down again in a circle. Even the seasons form a great circle in their changing, and al ways come back again to where they were. The life of a man is a circle from childhood to childhood, and so it is in everything where power moves. Our tepees were round like the nests of birds, and these were always set in a circle, the nation's hoop, a nest of many nests, where the Great Spirit meant for us to hatch our children." (John G . Niehardt, Black Elk Speaks, 1959, p. 164-165) �Vietnam Veterans of America KENT COUNTY CHAPTER NO. 18 P.O. Box 1766 Grand Rapids, Michigan 49501 616-361-8175 - Home 616-534-3133 - V.V.A. �GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION Food Centers, Inc. Grand Rapids Area Plants JOO 1 Orchard Vista Drive Post Office 13ox 878 Grand Rapids. Ml 49588-0878 ~U/l0/4J, ~~ .. to support the veterans in our community... o/o/F~Pn A~/e~~ In support of the Pow-Wow personal donations by: Kenneth and Juanita Leash Jerry and Mary Roberts In support of the veterans Gift Certificates from: The Bun Basket Palermo Pizza Place Wise Buys Fields Fabrics 1• I All hospitality food donors The student volunteers of the following colleges: Grand Rapids Community College Grand Valley State University Calvin College Aquinas College �Woro WoMAJ.J ,, Karin Orr, PH.D. Columnist, Food and Features Writer, Television Host, Speaker and Workshop Presenter Trade-mark ® 1975 Timber Trail, Ada, Ml 49301 (616) 676-2300 • Fax (616) 676-8861 Thank you, forgotten Warrior Potpourri Flowers & Gifts that last Honoring all veterans of the community ... , SHELDON Ji/ q We Salute the Veterans Barb Bush (616) 245-4962 2404 Eastern Avenue S,E. Grand Rapids, MI 49507 ©• • •itmark MIKE'S RESTAURANT AND CATERING Your Place or Ours Wedding Receptions Bowling Banquets Class Reunions Rehearsal Dinners Anniversaries Business Meetings Menus For Any Occasion 3526 Chicago Drive, Hudsonville 669-0340 Salutes the Vet RANDY DISSELKOEN LTD. 3090 - 28th Street, S.E. Grand Rapids, Michigan 616 I 942-2990 ,, MEIJER. 2929 WALKER AVENUE, N.W. GRAND RAPIDS, Ml 49504-9428 gordon food service Tony Betten Ford �In Touch D E F . A R ~ STORE 1001 W. 28th ST. • GRAND RAPIDS, Ml 49509 • 616-538-6000 Remembering our for gotten Warriors EDS HELPING FRIENDS OF THE VIETNAM VETERANS MEMORIAL Volunteers EDS/ CLCD Grand Rapids Metal Center • Sharon Mortensen - Mary Carr EDS / AC Rochester %~ · Pat Spoelhof · Dawn Braford · Delores Bigelow EDS / Inland Fisher Gulde · Bill Nebe · Chris Talsma· McLean In Touch Volunteer Jack C. De Boer Jr. We're proud of you. At NBD, we're proud to serve you from our offices throughout the area. We're also pleased to belong to a community rich in organizations that provide high-quality programs and activities. Thank you for making this a great place to live and work. WJ The right bank can make adifference. Copyright 1993, NBD/Member FDIC �MICHIGAN REGIONAL OFFICES DONALD W. RIEGLE, JR. CENTRAL MICHIGAN COMMITTEES : BANKING , HOUSING , ANO URBAN AFFAIRS: Chairman FINANCE: Subcommittee on Health for Families and the Uninsured: Chairman BUDGET tlnittd ~tatt.s ~matt WASHINGTON. DC 20510-2201 (202) 224-4822 800 Washington Square Bldg. 109 W . Michigan Ave. Lansing, Ml 48933 AGING (313) 226-3188 EASTERN Su1te910 SOUTHEASTERN Century Center Bldg., 3d Floor 35 2 S. Sagmaw St 30800 Van Dyke Flint, Ml 48502 Warren, Ml 48093 1313) 766-5115 (313) 573-9017 UPPER PENINSULA 200 W. Washington Marquena, Ml 49855 WESTERN Suite 7 16 Federal Bldg.· · 110 Michigan Ave .. N.W. Grand Rapids. Ml 49503 1906) 228-7'57 (616) 456-2592 Telecommunications Device for the Deaf NORTHERN-LOWER 309 Front Street Traverse City, Ml 49685 (517) 377-1899 Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council 45 Lexington, NW Grand Rapids, Michigan 49504 Suite 343 Detroit, Ml 48207 1517) 377-1713 Room 323, P.O. Bldg. November 13, 1993 WAYNE-MONROE 1155 Brewery Park Blvd. (616) 946-1300 Dear Friends: Thank you for your thoughtful invitation to the Grand Rapids area annual Veterans' Pow Wow. As much as I would like to join you today at the Ford Fieldhouse, prior commitments will not allow me to do so. t As you honor area veterans in this very special ceremony, we are reminded of our nation's heritage and diversity which unites us and is the source of our strength. We shall never forget the Forgotten Warriors - those special servicemen whom you honor today - for their bravery and devoted service. Ceremonies like today's Pow Wow demonstrate our people's resolv~ nev~r to jorget the ultimate sacrifices of so many of our loved ones. I will truly miss being with you. DWR/smj SPECIAL RECOGNITION OF FORGOTTEN WARRIORS Korean War July 27, 1993 marked the 40th anniversary of the Korean War Armistice. The War lasted three years and 32 days. The war was fought between the communist North Korea and China against South Korea and 22 United Nations (U.N.) including the United States. This was the first major war of the nuclear age. Korea turned out to be struggle of wills - whether communism or individual freedom would prevail. The Allied men and women fighting there met that test and the tide against communism was turned into a victory often forgotten by history. Welcome home honored American Korean war veterans and veterans of the armed forces of South Korea and the Allied Forces. Vietnam War March 29, 1993 marks the 20th year since the last American troops left South Vietnam. The war between North Vietnam and South Vietnam and the free world forces lasted over 11 years. The free world forces consisted of the Republic of Vietnam, the United States of America, Australia, New Zeeland, Thailand, the Philippines and volunteers from Canada. Welcome home honored Vietnam Free World Forces. November 11, 1993 marks the dedication of the Vietnam Women's Memorial Project, Welcome home to the women who served . .{#Jt=+=G=45•:.c::~=ng=-~cnd=N:::,,~oc.~=,~::::,ndac:d= ••=:.•~c::~=:=.•~cnr=4::::,,5:ocr=i::::,baca=/•Cc::,~=16"":c1~=.~=>3oc:::~~ 1940 Eastern SE Grand Rapids, Ml 49507 �:-· :•>.,.•••., ...............,,::::::: .. THE POW·WOW COMMITIEE WISHES TO THANK THE FOLLOWING INDIVIDUALS AND COMPANIES WHO HAVE CONTRIBUTED TO MAKING THIS POW•WOW A SUCCESS D & W Food Centers, Inc. Coca-Cola Randy Disselkoen, Ltd. WBYV810AM General Motors Corporation Grand Rapids Area Plants Rogers Department Store NBD The Right Bank Mike's Restaurant - Hudsonville UAW Veterans' Committee VET Center Members Of The Pow-Wow Committee Vietnam Veterans Of America Chapter 18 All Veterans And Veteran Organizations Represented Here Today Glen Steil Keebler Anazeh Sands Gordon Food Service Kent Litho Printing, Inc • � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_veterans-pow-wow_1993-11 Title A name given to the resource Veterans Pow Wow, November 1993 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1993-11 Description An account of the resource Veterans Pow Wow program, Grand Rapids MI, November 13, 1993, collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/273641f90cdbbc887a7be5a58d642636.pdf 08c6a81347e8c846b48614a17ef1f6f4 PDF Text Text ,,.-, . ~ . _- ; , •• , " •,_, ,~ • j -~ ; .-- ,c ';; ,<· : ·/ \'\ ~: . ·,: . .· •.· . "!> ' ·, t • �November 14, 2002 Dear Commissioners and Citizens of Grand Rapids, It is with great pleasure that I present this new Master Plan for the City of Grand Rapids. The Plan will be used as a general guide for the future development of land within the city for many years to come. The Plan is the product of extensive community participation over the last two years. Never before has the City of Grand Rapids had such an inclusive and participatory process to guide its decision-making. The contributions of every citizen that participated in Plan Grand Rapids can be seen in the following pages. A special thank you is extended to the Master Plan Committee, a group of 31 citizens who volunteered their time to guide the planning process, for their diligence and hard work. Contained within are visions of great neighborhoods, vital business districts, a strong economy, balanced transportation, a city that enriches our lives and is in balance with nature, and partnerships that will help us reach our desired goals. Grand Rapids will be a community of choice for all people, our businesses will be successful and our streets walkable, bikeable and transit-oriented. I hope that you read this Plan with great enthusiasm and find that it speaks to the issues you've told us were most critical. i City Planning Commission • Page i • Plan Grand Rapids �Planning Commission , Resolution of Adoption City Commission , Resolution of Acceptance RESOLUTION CITY OF GRAND RAPIDS PLANNING COMMISSION MASTER PLAN AND FUTURE LANO USE MAP, 2002 WHEREAS a Master Plan Committee was appointed to oversee the preparation of a new Master Plan and Future land Use Map for the City of Grand Rapids, and to Planning Commission; conduct an extensive public involvement process on behalf of the City of Grand Rapids wing reso l uuon under f the rouo nd ved adoption o Master Plan • Jendrasiak, mo aratioo of a new roent process on prep public involve Rabaut. supported by Corn. intcd to ov ersee the extensive "70672 Com. ·uee was aPPo d to conduct an . Chamber • ....,.. -- - the Cons~~~;.: ~~s:: ~ds:;p1!::~'t:::f:~i::; Th Right Place Profpera:::,ei:o:;0~ ; : ; ~ ~, e Business Future !.,and Use City of Grand Rapt ·c1s partner<d witll . hborhood hip and otber vano "" .,_.':" •= c::.;...,... WHEREAS the City of Grand Rapids partnered with The Right Place Program, Frey Foundation, Chamber of Commerce, neighbomood and business associations, Grand Valley Metro Council, Grand Rapids Public Schools, Interurban Transit Partnership and other various organizations, agencies and individuals; ••- "" ,:';•,..,, ,._ WHERE~!;hood and h:tscbools, !nteru of comroerce;te~rand Rapids Pu rocess at more -~ "and revision h ut tlle Master pt~; fevelopment, revie •...... -:·..:-•,· " '"'"'" ""': :,":.,••• =• •·""' '""" .,~ ';:''"";',l,.., .., WHEJU!_ rorrnation gat e ball supercede a Classificauon . lvement and tn ' __ , Use Map s (l 998), Srreet . ,nvo Masler Plan; d Future ,_.,= ment Plan ek pubhc ftlle Plan an . Develop 2002 to se o WH.EREAS this:•:•:. Beltlin;~::~wn (1993); . on September 26, WHEREAS public input has been solicited throughout the Master Plan process at more than 250 public involvement and information gathering meetings to engage the community in the development, review and revision of the Master Pian; .. •.• ,._.~ ception of the 1::::uunity Plan for Voice WHEREAS the North East Beit/ine Joint Development Plan (1998), Street Classification Policy (1996) and Voices & Visions: Community Plan for Downtown (1993) shall continue to serve with the Master Pian and Future Land Use Map; - d a Public Heanng ' """""~ "'.,. - · . aster Plan on ' ,=... -:: tlle Planrung nd Future Lan fl oftlle City o an be forwar e WHEREAS h Master Plan a d tbe fmal dra .ds Master Pl regarding t e ,ission adopte f Grand Rapt ., ""''°' '";;" "" ., c,cy • 00 . , c-, Master Plan , _ , _ . .,••.., - p!':n wHEREA; and reeoromen . ororoission doesincluding ,ext, fi!d Rapids. November \~, 2:i, acceptance. OLVED that tlle c:t~aid Master tllc City ofGra Commission or RE BE IT RES 002 and declaresd \and use decis10 EREFO , robe< 2 ment an NOW ' TH dated Nove future develop Land Use Map . guide for and Future as tbe basic pohcy shall serve WHEREAS this Master Plan and Future land Use Map shall supercede all other earlier land use plans with the exception of those before mentioned; WHEREAS the Planning Commission held a Public Hearing on September 26, 2002 to seek public comments regarding the Master Plan and Future Land Use Map, NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the Planning Commission does hereby adopt the Master Pian and Future land Use Map dated November 2002 and dee/ares that said Master Pian including the text, figures and maps shall be a basic po/icy guide for !he future development of the City of Grand Rapids. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the Planning Commission recommends that for the!heir 2002acceptance. Master Plan and Future Land Use Map be forwarded to the City Commission YEAS: 7 NAYS: 1 • CONSENT AGEN DA APPROVAL . of tllc City of of tllc City Comnuss,on transcnpt o f the acuon \Sa (JUe hat the foregomgheld December \Q ' 2002 l hereby cernfy \n pubhc sess1on Grand Rapids, M1ch1gan, • Page iii • Plan Grand Rapids �Acknowledgments • Page v • Plan Grand Rapids • Acknowledgments �David Abbott ~ryl Sue AbenJroth OanAbid Frank Abjssi Bi~hop William Ahncy Monique! Abney-Simmons Scrnii.:c Abro.se Gerald Ah:rhuis Ruth Albritten Heather Aldridge Ooui;i Alt:ski Bob & Berri Allen Dnvid Allen JB Allen Sonali Allen Les Allen Jr Shirle'y Allen-Little Markku Allison Rob & Mary Ann Alliston Da\.iJ Alvorez Frank & Renee Amo<lL·o Arv Anderson Ora Lean Anderson Dixie Anderson Aimee & Judy Anderson John Andcn.on Brad Ander,,on Thelma Anderson G Anderson Eric & Kaylyn AnJeNOn 13rett Ander-on f loward Andrcwt- Mary Angelo Piri;m Annahl~ Suzi Anthony Wil Antonidt!!i David Appel Bridget Apple Eva Aquirre Cooper Dennis Arbogast Becky Arnold Marian & Alidn Ai:noys Stan Arsulowicz Chuck ~cnc(l Abby Aten Sandi Aten Don Arkins.on M11rk Augustyn Nancy Ayres Keith & Gus Azz.o Chuck Haar Bill Baars Tod Bahick Virginia Bailey Arrhur Bailey Cynthia Bailey David Baines Claudia Bajcma Laury Baker Randy Baker Steve Baker Jim Raker Balwindcr Bal Geraldine Baldat,c~arre Shirley Balk Curt Balkema Rohen Ball Tiin Ball Jac4uline Barber-Rey Peter "'Bardolph John Barful)l; Glenn Barkan Robert & Rooemnry R1rne~ Stev(' Barne:. Marian Barrera Young Bill Barrerr Jarncs Barritt Dan Bands Jeff & T. Bnrtlett Rondi Barron ME Barwacz "fom Bastien Virginia Sato~ Joe Bauman Joan Baumgarr Mkhde Bay Tim Bayer Guy Bazzanl Charle. Beach Ddvenia Bea.~on Wa Beattie Tammy Bcckcring Mike Beckett Nancy Beckwith 0;:ivid Bee Joel & Mary Bt.-ek.e Oan Beelen Melanie Beelen Cami Beemink Richard & Catherine Belanger-NcdJo Tina Bclbot Roger Belknap Jackie Bell Rcbco:., Bell Ren Belnnan Src,·e Benner Cindy Bennett Sherrill Bennelt Curr A. Benson Richard Berends Jaylelynn Bergers Elisa Bergonzoni Linda Berkhof Amy Berkley Arlene Berry Shuley Berry Jackie Bess Ann Marie Bessette Byran Bestmm Lurry Beurken~ Ruth Bever Gertrude Bi.ills Angel Brcggs Shmm 8iel Harold Binder Kathy & Rich Blach ford Roberta Blackwell Bob & Norma Blanchard Su5an Bhi.nbma Berey Blase Ken Blessing Carhi Blinkhorn Williom Block Ron Block Jerry Blom Wayne Boatwright Ed BoJcnberg Barbara Boclenncr Jack llodema James Bodkins• Vice Provost Dnwn Boersma Nancy 80t.>se FrcJ Roggiano Shirk-y B~1lden Dick Belkowski Olive & Eli:abcch Bob, Roht.'rt Rolr Edword Bole &rh Boltinghouse Sill Rumbyk Anne Bond Emrich Joe Bono Lillie Bnuker Deh Booth John Sooy Jonet BorgJorff Ruth Borisra<l Deb Bose Boh & Marge Boss David Bosschcr Ann Bo._,,;chcr Carolyn So~sy Gren.:hen Bouwsma Sandra Bovee John Bowt:rs Andy Bowman Jt><· Jake Bowski Andrew Bux Rohert E. Bcl)-'CC Mynle Royle Robcrr Bnyt K.tthy Bracey Jonathan BratlforJ June Bradley Mike Brady Lee Braford Ingris Rram:h Johnny Brann Tim Br~cur Aimee Breuker Brian Brewer Sarah Brighr Paul Brinhrhoff Bob Bmcaro T.1ny:1 Bmck Stacey Aroersma EdJie Bro~.lb Emil)· Brook. Bob Brown John Brown Luvclla Brown Gary Brown LaDeidra Brown-Gais Valerie Browning Jeanine Bryanr Matthew Bubac.: Jack Bud,anan Judi Buchman Rebecca Buck Keith Buck John Buckley Tony & Dorothy Buczek Robert Rud~·nsk1 Melissa Budzym,ki Elaine Buege Mary Buikema Betty Buist Dick Bu lkowski Da,·c Bulkow:;ki Danielle Bult Tom Buhcn RuSi. & Ron.llJ Bumstead Tim Burch Agnes Burch An.lie Burger Laurence Bums Jeff Burns Jim Bums Frank Rurrell Shallon<la Bumm Jerome 1:-\urron Bettye Burton Barbara Bu~h Tom Bush Alice Bu~h(mt:: Scott Busse Bill & Becky Butcla Mike Butler Bob Butler Dirk Bunke Ron Ryer.. Bill 8\1 Rich.ird By\ Boh By\srrn John Byrne Mdvin B)Tnc Dorothy & V!me Calatonolli Kathryn Caliendo Doup: Calkins Nellie Callen James C:-impl"'t!ll Rosalinda Campo...., RicharJ Campn:-. Rob Cannesrrn Jamics Cannon Ste\'ell Cappadonic Manuel Cardiel Myrrle Care} Corrine Carey Scorr Can..>, Peter Carlb.:rg Robert Carin Seney & Kathleen Carh,on Srcve Carnes l lerb & Jeff C..1rpenrer Meli:isa Carpcnrer Elaine Carpcnrer Sean or Delila Carrij!an Marie Caner Darcy Darter Tom Cary Michael Car) David Cassard Mark Cassis Jo~eph Castillo L.i.iuca Ull>rle Francisa Cda Walt Ccpcla Gahrieb Cerriteno Jim Chambers Gloria Cham.Her Venecse. Chandler Charles & Ann Ch~nter Bob Chnpla Rick Chapla Thank You! The City of Grand Rapids gratefully acknowledges the thousands of citizens wbo participated in the process of updating their Master Plan. Kevan Chapma,, Tim Charbannnu Lyn<li Charles Scon Ch,we::r Susnn Chesiek Sanjay Chhnbra Dennis Childress Marti Child:; Anh Tu Choi Norman Chrbtophcr Bud Chrysler Bnh Chumuryn:.ki Jeffrq· Cipch: Michelle Clark Toni Clay Patrick Cht) O:wid & Jeanne- Clemo Michelle Cleveland Troy Clink Brian CloyJ Jim Coevcy Ru:--sell Cogar ~Venil1 Colemlln Pam Collier Barb Collins Debra Collins John Collins Frank Collins M i)?uel Colon James Connell John Conroy Dian l..onri Mkhael Conway • Page vii • EJdie Co{)k s{'.Otr Cool Barbara Cooley Rose Marie Coon Dan Cooper Scan B. Corby Peter Cordes Jim Courey Mike Cowdin Richard Craig Brian K. Crnig Bcrnkt Cm.mer Sylvia Cross TI\oma5 Crowley Sam Cummin~ Joan & FreJ Cunningham John C:a.chorski Jim Cumko David & Sharon Czamopys Paul Dnhlbcrg Mary Ann Dailey Sylvia Daining Terry & Chris Daisy Robert Dame Su5ie Damore Chico Danie.ls Guy Oaniels Gnspare Dara Bob Da,,cnnan Edward Davi:1 Neil Davis Mark Davis Mike & Sandy Davis Tahnee Davis Gcol,;l:e D,wil> Tom Dawson Kristy Day.son Eric Delon'!: Jamc.s De Young Rick De Haan John De Vries Briiln De Vries Ed De Vries Oick De Younj? Bob De Young Robert De::-in Rose Oehie-Bowman Andy DeBraber Gayle DeRruvn Eileen De:cho" Joyce Decker Kristen Dcd:ing;:i Jnrnc:. Deeb Geor1,:c Deerman J,1ne OcOroot Jennifer Deh;1n Eric Dcisint:: Deb Ocjonl? Curt Dejong AnJrea DeKam Ivon & Joy DeKam Wayne Dekker Rob D<·kker Jeff Dekker Roger OcKock Jat:k DcKornc Krbri DeKraker L1ra & Daniel Dengcrink-Vamil Mik<- Denny Kim Oe:.cigrer Tina Deuling Lynn DcVlieg Robert De:Vlicger Denny DcVric:; Mike De.Vries Rick, Sue & Kim De Vries Susan OeVrics Brian DeVries David OcWcese Peter De Win II Chri~ Diasy Henry Dicdcring Keith Dierking Norbert & Doreen Dill Jamielee Dillenhcrk Barbara Dillon Roh Do<lJe John Ooe:em,1 Jill Donah.mer Mary Donnelly Stephanie Donovan Darr)·I Doornhos Beth Dorbrowski Janice Dorsey Pam Docy·~Narion Paul Douglas Denise Draper-Ingraham Sridh Dredge Mnurcen Dreher Steve Drewy Andrew Drogc Rose Drue.kc Donnld Duba Stacy Dubose Nam.)' Out.Hey Duane Duhon Jay Dunwcll Jim & Naomi Duran Norma Duran Jackie Dm,dJ Diane Du:inn Tom Outhier D,micl Duvan Rogers Dvkhuis Sally Dyk.srra Jeff Dykstra GreJ.?ory Dziados: Jan Earl Doricnnc Earvin John Edwards Jeff Ei,gcrding Meg Elenbaas Steve & Joyce Elliott Brian Ellis Ni,k El.en Sylvester Embr~ Rick Em:er David Engelsma Tim England Sunshine Engle John & Jan En~li,h Eva Esplnoi.1 Carolyn Evans Rick Evc.rert Tom Evert haron Evuy Kay E:inga Carol & Srerhen Fa.is Art Fabbro Steve Faber Harm F:tbcr Wnlid Fadda Mary Lou FnsJ;ctr Dale Fddhau:.cr Martha S. Feldman Jerry Fdix Dan Fenner Terrance Feravich Lynn F. FcrguhOn David Ferrell Ana Ferrerhoff Jt•nni Fcrtcr.:Kim Fetti~ Jim Fetzer Matt Feyen Anne Fifer Michelle Figures Bill Fischer Kristina Fisher Charles Fisher Larry Flaherty Tom Flak Jmm Ftikkcma Michael Flowers Brian Flynn Kathy Fore Berry Forrest Dan Fortier Warne Fortin Bill Foster Melissa Fouch Idril:i Fountain Gerald & Donna Foy Jim & Barb Francis John Francis Pam Freas Rick Frtde:rick Tony Fredrickson Doug Frens Jim Frey Greg Frcyling Doug Fricano Hank Fuhs Betty Fuhs Dawn Fu ller Gloria Fum Anne: Gaillam Gretchen Gallah!.!r Deb Galloway Joshua & Karen Gamevoort Violeta Garcia Joe Garrity Fritz Gast Jose Gas{()n Jim Geib Dan Gendler Gresi: George Tom Gerger Susan Gerrity Patty Gih~on Shennnn Gillesric Gene Gilmore Eliraberh Glover Tt.>d Godleski Bing Goei Simona Goi Usa Golder Bruce Goldsmith Guadalupe Oonll': Martha Gonzale;-Cortes Carlo.s Gonzalez Marilyn Goodell George Goodwyn Deb Gordon Dale Gould Julie Crace Giovani Gramajo Synia Grant Dan & Erin Gravclyn Ellenor Grave.-. Rick & Deb Grat Maurice Gray Carol Greenburg Pnul & Rccsy Orecnwal<l Judy Greer Chris Gregwcr Sister FranceS Oribus Cheryl Griffen LeRoy Griffin Jovcc Grime.s David Grinold Charles Grooters Robert Gnxircrs Susan Grose Perry Grubber Clay & Melissa Grueber Jan Grumbine John & Kathy Gruzen~a Joanne Grzesiak Tom Guikema Tom & Barb Guikema Tim & Sandi Gunnett Kendra Gunter Plan Grand Rapids • Acknowledgments �Him & Therc.--sa Guntcr-Hc.,ff John Gussenbauer Frank & Lindsey Gutbrod Walt Guto~ki Jr AnJrcw Gu),· Carolyn Guyton Paul Hnagsman Paul Haan )<> Haff Nicole Haglund Gina Haisma Shareef Haleem Olga Hall>"edt Lee Hamilton Caroline Hamlin Howard Hamm Edward Hankiwkz Sharon Hanks Jean Hanks Howard Hansen Roger Hansen Ann Hanson Bill Hardiman Lee Hardy Jim Hargar Barb & Norm Harn Brian Harris Kurt Harsberger Reece Hart Ira Hart Mary Harti2 Jackie Hartman Ted Hartman Pe~).'Y Harrn·i~ Syd Hanit..-y Roherr Haught Salle Haverkamp BairJ Hawkins Linda Hay Linda Ha.yes Lisa Haynes Nancy Hayn~ Mary L Hcamield Georgi.: l leanv.·dl Sar.ih Heath Lola Hedherg Suoan Heercma Lisa Heflin Christa Heimer Walrcr Hebe Bar~ara Hek.huls Rand~ll Ht:kman Joh11 Hclmhol<lr Gcor~e Hendrkks Paula Hendrib.en C1rol Hcnn~y Roger & Jon Hennin~en Eli:.ha Henry, Jr. Bt.-n.)' Hernan Marti Hemandet Armando & Chris Hernande:? Janet Hcmandct Robert Hero Boh Herr Steve l-lerrema Shelly Herrern Peggy Hertel Paul Herweycr A.n<lrew Hetland Michael Hewartson James Heyhoer Carlos Hidalgo Marvin J-fiddema Dan I lielkcma. Kathy Higgins Robert Higgins Timothy Higgin). Michael High Dianette Hight Jeff Hill Calvin Hill Willinm & Betty Hill Lucas Hill Carl Hilliard Chris "Hintem1,m Harold Hitchcock Gere Hobson Dou~ Hoek Joel Hockema Ulura & Jay Hoekstra Benjamin Hoff Jack Hoffm:rn LuRay Holbrook Marshn HollanJer Matt Hollcbeek John & Pat Hollemans Isabel Hollern Phillip Holmes Debra Holmes-Garrison Heidi Holsrad Tammy & Holly Holt Dawn Holtrop Curt Holnfowcr Rachel Hood Ray Hoo~ Mike Hoogerhyde Susan Hooker Ron HQort Heather Hopkins Jade Horton Jeannie Hosev Rick Houston Amy & Steve Howard Bob Hudley James Hurt Vicki Hu<l:.on Ben Huisman Krbrine Huizt!n Gordon Hu1zen Wendy Huizin~a Jeff Hundley Dan Huver David & Adrian Huvser John Inghram Mary Kay Ingram Shari lshei Brody fsland JRmes Israels Robcn Israels John Jackohoice Bruce Jackson Cynthia Jad.son Virgie Jackson Don )aglowski Coreen Jakosh Joe Jakubowski Tiar(a]ames. Mohammed & Tarek Jommal Ri,k Jankowski DeAnn Jannererh Geneva Jeffries Rich Jelier Norm & Shirley Jcbma Tim Jdtema James Jendrasiak Delphine Jenkins Carol Jennin~s Don Jensen Toni Johani;en Jerry & Darlene Johncock Jim Johnson Steve & Mary John.son Chari<.~ Johnson Earl Johnson Jayne Johm,on Catherine Johnson Don Johnson George-Allen Johnson Kcnned1 Johnson Susan Johnson Fred Johru;on Georgia Johnson Plan Grand Rapids • Acknowledgments Bech Johnson Marie Johnson Myrtle Johnson Gorlion Johnnon Shirley Jones James Jones Cleo & E"a Jones Mar-, I-I.Joni..'.!<. Karhlee.n Jones Glen Jonci Oar), & Su~n Jones Anita Jone; Ashleigh ),mes Rich Jones Norman Jon~ R1..-v. Charlie JoneS Barbara Jones Kevin Jone-. Jill Jones Kell, Aaron Jonker Nicole Jonker S..:oct Jonkhoff ErkJorda1, Jane & Sam Jordan Judy Jorgenson Luis Juarc:i Allen & Violet Julien Joan Jung Si:-,rer M Clarita KaJi.s ),son KaJ,hm Mary & Chri.s Kaiser 4rl Kammeraad Marc Kampermann Sam Karadsheh Ronald Karelsc Jim Karsen Roger Karsten Julie, Tom & Sara Kasprzak Rock Kaufman Rebecca Kawoski Mn,. Miner Keeler Renee Keil Dennis Kelly )a,on Kelly Nancy Kelly Gary Kelly Annette Kemicr Patricia Kennedy Frank Kenniston Faith Kent Rob Kent Dennis Kem Kathy Kent Mary Ann Keough Kachy Kersjes Larry Kett Edgar Kerrie Mark Kerrlchuc Kamel Kh:moubi Paul Kieda James Kjlbourne Erin Kilparrkk Woo Kim Heather King Edward Kinizma Harvey Kin~ma Richard Kinney John Kirkwood Gladys L Kittle Joel K1ein Bruce Kll!in-Wassink Lorena Kl1mru..2t.•w~ki Lee Klinesraker Mike Kliniing Birgit Kl(1hs David & Mkhclle Klooster J~ph Kloostcr Harry K1wpke Jim & Miki.'. Koelzer Don Koctsier Laurel Kolako!iki Cindy Koning Dirk Koning Jack & Eileen Kooreman Dan Koomdyke Jan Korn Quinn & GR Kr.>rreck Evelyn Koskus Ron Kowal:.k.i Arline Kowski Ronald Kom.l Te<l K◊'z.k)wski Susan Kreeger Jim Krc~•I Debbie Kroes Torben Krontoft William Krueger Jerry Krupiczcwkz Charlene Kru:ich Thoma~ Kryj?ier Luila Kryi;riniak Martha Kryzeweski Rick Kucn:zel Katherine Kuhn Kristin Kuiper Kenneth Kuipers Theresa Kulan Jock Kung Dan Kurlenda Judy Kurylowkz Steve Kuzawa Mike Kuzawa Rcbckk, Kwasr Thank You! The City of Grand Rapids gratefully acknowledges the thousands of citizens who participated in the process of updating their Master Plan. Ron La Mange Fred Laa~e Gene LaCroix Paolo Ladomato Ed LaJwi~ Scon L'lFonrsee Joe LaGrand Mike Lamb Ryann L1mbay Mike L1mpen Shawn L1ndman Cal L'lnchrra Eileen Larr Jud11h Larsen Lori Larsen SanJra Llth.arn Chari~ La Venc Brian Lawrence Thomas Lawson Thomas Laymon Rachel L1yne Lis.1 Lazio Suzanne Leclaire Ra1..hel Lee Rynn Lee Cora Lee Larry Leforge Ruby A. Leggen Lynn Lenz. Brad Lem Tom LconarJ Randy Lemoine Jeremy Lessen • Page viii • Bill Lewis Harel Lewis J~,c.lcan Lewis RkharJ Liberatore Ron Lichcenstem Marilyn Ueson Linda Llkely John Like!, L.irry Limon Gilbert Lindsay Pastor Artie Lindsay Marvel Linnan Katherine Little Beth Li,"<1, Mike Uoyd Candi Lobdell Jeff Lobdell Tom Logan Elaine Lohrnff Guadalupe Lope. Carmelo LoPiparo Bud Lorch Bill & Ginny l.orJ Martha Lore TeJ Lorr Christopher H. Love JimUwe Duke Love Allen & Annie Love Steven Love Joyce Lovse Mike Lucas Carolyn Luca.!. Jim Ludwig Susan Lukaart Donna Lundeem Fronk Lynn Am)' Lyon Michelle Ly'On Donna Lyon Robert Mahit Amy Mabin Ian MacCartne) Y,,landa Macias Richard Mn,k Deisu Madi,a:al Naomi Madsen Cral~ Maghielse Geoffrey Ma~ulre TeJ Makare1.1.-io Phil Makinen Helen Makowski Walter & Maryalyce Makowski Bambi Malone Jaime Malone Jose&. Henrietta Malone Shirley Malott Greg Malski Arthur L Mannin_g Carhev Manning Joseph Manuszak Cheryl Marcone Dclmn Marin Krista Markley Hearher Man.man-Heier Pam Marrin Rk:hArd Martin L,"iura Marrin Rev Mary Martin Denise Marrin Dora Martinez Linda Martint!z Alejnndm Martinez June Masicwici Jnn Maskell Jehnje Masson Harold Mast Oi.:k ,Masters Bradford Mathis Walter Mathis Tom Marrhe~-s Anne M..twby Margarer F. May Sterlin~ & Randy Mny Paul Mayhue Gl-<1rgc Ma)wc,uher Mary Mazz:uclli Pat McCall Paul McCarthy Rob McCnrl) Marvin McClnin Cheri McClain-Beatty Eugene Ml...Clinton Benjamin McCloskcy Phil McCorklc Paulette McCurtis Elijah McOct! David & Roxie McGee Mary McGhee Rupert & Marcia McOinn Adclv McGinn-Loomi.s Karie McOinni.!t Arny McGly11n Paul ML-Gra" Paul McGuire Amy Mc.Kay Jim McKay Marshall & Mary McKenzie Dorothy McKcn:ie 'usan McKC)· Clinton Mc.kinven-Copus Mitch Mdeod Mary Ellen McNaughton Sherry McNee Jeff & I.mi McP«k Robert Pierre McVoy Timma.s McWhcrror Mark Mt:ano Dave Medema Betty MedenJorr Gary Meerknik Dan Mehney Carl Melms Larry & Karen Melton Fountain Melvin Tracy Menninga Sarah Mercer Gera ld Metcalf Jennifer Merz Thelma Meyer Richard & Virginia Meyers Grace Miguel Cynthia Mikula Paul Milanowski Thomns D. & Mary Milanow:.ki Pat Mil~, Sr. John Milhaupt Jim Miller Lori Miller Ray Miller Juhanna Miller Mark Miller Dorothy Miller Larry Miller Donald Miller Robert E. Miller Peggy Mim:1 Gina Minciotti Thomai; & Mary Mingledorff Gretchen Minnihaar John Minor Jaime Misner Fred Mlssad Emma Mitchell Rowland Mitchell Chander Mitl.'.hcll JulieMiru:; Duke Mlcjnck Mark MoJder~ John or Ruth Moen Rev. Gwen Moffitt Tony Mojica Robert E. Molle Nick Mono~•ios Mattie Mondy Katie Mnody Tereva Moore Cnrol Moore Kevin Moore Virginia Morales Rebecca Morgan Judy Morgan Roger Morgan David Morren Mike Morrb David & Nanq Morrison Dennis Morrow Jny Mortem Rose Mott Bill Muir Michael Mulder Victori.1 Mullen Joan Mullen Richard & Gloria Muller Nellie Mulvey L<e &. Sue Murphy WE Murphy Leigh Murray James Mu;;cnto Kathryn Mylie Isabelle Myszka David Nachte}!a ll Gary Naderveld Jennie Naffie Kurt Nahikian Bruce & Pac Nanzer Scon Nason John Naum Rol,crr NAuta Nina Naveira Fmnk Nawara Bonnie Nawarn Caryn N~wrot Barbara Neal Oary Nt..•derveld Oenni.5 Nelson Carol Nemic Page Neve Patricia Newhy Ronald NeW!IOme Robert Newton Terry Nicholas Chris Nicho\a:,, Brian Nielson Julie Nictling Larry Nix Mandy NLxon Craig Nohbelin Wayne Norlin ·Ken Norris l!-aiah Norris Nor\'m Norcboom Lt. J. Nowach Phillip Nnwak Philip & Donna Nymeycr Ken Nysson Ronald O'llcrry Jan O'Connell Jnh1, O'Connor Richan.I P. O'Donnell Erin O'Neill Paul O'Neill James O'Neill Michael Ohcrcht Alfred Ogersly Bob & Mit..hdlc Of!rcn J B Oldenburger Margaret Oliver Ju.in Olivcrez Derek Olson Ph ii Onder-;ma Gail Or,m1,te Nick & Marie Or.Lltian �Tom Orlikowski L. Ddoru. Ortl'ga Linda Orrman Barh Oshorn Ron Osgood Andy Ouwenga Corky Overmyer Paul Owen Mike Painrcr l lcrhert Ranta Dave Rasmussen Mark & L::ir.1 Raymond Pat & We.~ Reed Reed &on Re:cdcr Garry & Nanq Rcendcr-: Joann Ret:'ves Tom Reges Casimir Pala.~:z:ck Susan Pal mer Marge Palmerlec Jean Reimer Joe: Rcmhert Michael Remo Ra m<.ln Reyes fatcr M. Reyes j{1~~ Rerna Jayne Rt:ynolds Br~'an Ribl:>c.ns MA Paniwmik Pder Popl..1\\·:;k).· A. P.trkcr Charlie Parb Kurt Parks D,wkl Pasikow$ki Cathy Pasrrner Ron Partl'n Bc,·erly Parz Bill Puym:: Anka Pearson Susan Pea:,;c Allyn Peden Patricia Pennel Mikl-' Pennell Jam\-.:-; & Suzette Peplinski EJ & Rachel Perdue Lori & Dave Pi.:rkins Dean Perrin Ben Pl'rrin Margo Perry Penny Pestle Woody & Loretta Pl·rerliOn Mar.:.i Phelps Saumlra Phillips Rohert Pierce Yvonne Pierre Swn & Grace Pibnt Loren Pitsch Jr Christopher Plitc Tom Poleman Jack Pon,1;tein Mark Pnnsrine Jeff Portko Mark Post Jerry Postma Chris Pos1ma Tom Postmu.s Esther Potyraj Robh Potyraj Lynn Powell Rick & Benji Powell Frank Pnm, Jr. Bernard Prawiick Tony Pre.,con Mike Pr~ton Cynthia Prkc Gene Price Jame~ Price Michael Prins Tom & Ron Prominski David Prong Jack Prooi. Steve & Karen Pruitt Don Prus K,nhy Pryhysz Jatkie Pugno Patricia Pulliam Cathy Quinn Tim Quist Lynn Rab,1.ut William Rahi<lau Mit.:helle Rabidcnu O:wiJ Rabidc:1u Rebecca R,1mirez Ivonne R.1mirc: Frank Reilly Gcmld Rice Rkha Carol Richstra fkth Rii;:ker Levi Rickert Elizabeth RiJcour James Ricmenschncider Janke Riemersma Ken Riemersma Ri..:h Rienstra Rit-k Riley n.,,I, Rill J.unc., Rinck Curtis & Darlene Rir~cmn Nadin, Ri::J:tallah RitharJ & Mary Roath Jon,irhan Roberson Joan Roberts Mitchell Rol'X'.rtst)n Angie Robinson Arman<l Robinson Emily Robinson Au Hile & Roh Roche M:lry Ellen Rodgc.ri. Sister 11,eresc. Rodri,guc:. Snm Rodriguez Diana Ro<lriquez Narali:1 Rodriquez Rtlsendo Rodriquez G. Rc.xlriqucz Milt Rohwer Cormcn Rojas Chris Romph Tom Roode Debi Rook Knryl Ropko DVM Jose Rosalez Paula & Fausto Rosario Sherrie Ross Darrel Ross 11 Roherta T. Rossi Jack Rotman John Routh Becky Rmeboom Jackson Rudell Angel Ruggs Pmn Rumbergs Harrie Ru:,her Jean RY$kamp Roberto Saenz Mkhad Sak Dan Salas Fred Salier Donna Salton Ana Sanchc-t Lena Sam.:hcz Zor;iidn Sanchez Janet Sanders Verni:. Sd,a<l Rub Schafer Rk.k Schnll Greg Scharphorn John &haut Jackie &hcneman JodSmittcr 11 ila,y F. Snell Tim Sneller Connie Swinger John VnnJcrstocp Brian Swmrnl Bob Synk Don Snow Steve Szczytko T◊m Szayi:ko Rirn VamlcrVcn Gregg VanJcrVen George VrinderWeit Angeline VrindcrW,ludc John S()per D\m & Peter Somcr-dyk<' J. S:ymandk, Kim Schie\'ink Pam Sommer Dan Szyman~ki Ken Schillin~ Chcl.~e.1. Schleinz Carey Sommertl~'ke Dale Southworth Souricna Tali Jne Takens John Schmit.Ir Thni Spencer-Beatty CJ Talsma TodJ Schmidt Jt!rri Si.:hmidt Pam Spenccr-Kdly Ray Schnt!iJer Jo Spillman Virginia M. Taylor Don Taylor J,1ct1udtne. T.1ylor Mark &holtcn Douj? Spooner John Taylor April Scholtz Jeffrey Schra Dolore.-; Schro...'Cler F Springer Eric Teachour Rich,1rJ TenEbhof Helen & Dick Tcr Maat John Termeer Janice Schroeder John Schultz Bill Schutt Brenda Schuyler Jay1,e Schwartz Arlene Se:.1hoh Jane Sccor<l 2l'nnie Seguin RonalJ & Grnce Seif Al & Lisa Sckect Karen Selic Maria Sepulveda Anita Serull,1 Boh Sc::rulla Jana Sewell Jenny Shnngraw Basel Shnrarn Sami Shatara David Shea Judy & David ShcrwooJ Brad Shiel Dave Shipman Theres:\ Siduek Knrl Siehcrr Erk Sicgd Ralph & Debbie Sie~el Jam~ Siegel Ralph Sicf!tl Dinna Sieger Joseph Spica Jake Spruir 1H Stan Spunecn Zelma St. Jame:; Fritz Stanitzck Lori Stanmn TodJ Terpstra Rob Strinwn Bc.--cky Terwei!er Tom Staskiewkz Jc:-sica Staszkicwk~ Dave Tcunhscn Mclisha Tiiatche.r Kelly 1luiyer Doug & Dianne Thole Jeanne Thomas Evelyn Thoma:. Nkole Tiiomp:;nn Chris Thompson Se.nita Tlwmp~on Karen Tl1ompson Fred & Donn,1 Tiescnga Virginia & Lisa Tillman Roosevelt Tillman TornTilma GnryTimmcr Mcrct.."tles Tohe)· Luis Tonutis Janice Tompkins Rick Tormaln Carol Townsend Mike & Barb Traxler Helen Stefaniak Jay Steffen Cuhy Stcffc::Bob Sregmier Jim Stein Jeff Stcinp,ott Pac & Rick Sreinp(1rr Deborah Steketee Ftc<l Stella Thank You! The Cicy of Grand Rapids gratefully acknowledges the thousands of citizens who participated in the process of updating their Master Plan. Marvln Sii.:nkicwio: Shirley Siering Scott Sictscmn Helen Sibnes Cheri Simmons Alennc Simms S.mtlySimon Yvonne Sims Haprect Sinuh Mulrnni Keith Si~on j(l{" Skcndzd Peter SkileiBrent Slay Leonard Slot Timothy Sluircr Stan Stemple.ski Stan Sterk Cr::t~ Stevenson Marilyn Stewart Terry Stiemann John & Julie Sthl!r.. Gary StOl.'.kton Mark Stoddar<l Lloyd Stoll Julie Stoneman Amy & J(mathon Sroncr Stephanie Storts Bill Stough John Slusher Arlen Smirh Ted Smith Jane Smith JanwsSmirh N,ite Smith Mrs Strek Am:ida Srrickland Carol Scrothude Ray Stuart Ken Smith Ronald Smith Je:.~ka Smith William Smith JeffStumod Dennis Snirtc\"lnl Rick St11liv.m Tim Sullivan Tim Smith Catherine Sullivatl Debbie Smith Jnhn Sutherlin Easter Sutmn Tom Sutton Marra Swain Don & Bunny Swank Sarah Smith Rcg-gic Smith Mi,hael Smith Sandy SruckharJt Greg SunJstrmn Julie S:1rgc Louis S.1rogFrcd Sauer Kenneth & K,1thr)·n Smirh JdfSmith Henry Swart Santiago Ramire: Cynthia Savara Rebecca Smi1h Hoffman Kevin Rand Susan Rankir\ Nancy Sa\ kir Phil & Lavone Schaafsma Da1,iiJ D. Smith, AJA Bruce Smidwr..c Jeff & Kevin Sw,1rtz Steve Sweerbnd Mike Swift Lori Terpstra William Trcndt Chris Trevr.lhan Neil Trevisan lsna1_; Trnwbrid!!e Linda Troyer Chri!-o & Tom Truesdale Lydin Tuck Leroy T uckcr Norbert L. Tuma Megh:m Uir.sch Alnn Utter Sue U:::arski ZygfreJ Uzarski Vim Vallone Dave Van Dyke Rkhard Van Hafren Gordy Van Haitsma Tom Van Hammen Gordon Van Ham Maggie V.1n Houdt Nancy & Gnry Van lngcn Paul Van Komcn Marcia Vnn Poolen Bill Van Portfleet John Van 1i.1n~eren Thomas Van'r Hof Dave Van't Hof Jon VanAncwerp Randy VanDam Skip Vandenberg J.in Vandcr Meulen Rich;ml Vandcr Slik Shdley VanJer Vliet Cheryl Yan<lerhyde Debhie VanderHyJe DarrelJ V.inderKooi Craig VanderLende Ruth VandcrMaas Jim Vander::-chrif Kimhorly VanO-,k Gerrit Van Dyke Carol & Henry Van~ke Dick Vanl-lafrn Tammy Vantil & Ruth VanValkcnburJ? Jeff Yan Winger MD Dlm JilmC.-; Vau~hn Julie Veeneman Bob & Alyda Vecnsrr.1 Michrid Veenstra Francisco Vega Dorothy Velru;co Carnla.mutr Dennis Velk Dance Vencg.1s Steven Vt=nhuizcn Conrad Venema 0. Vemura. Rohen & David Verhey John & Dan Verhil Jim Veuvis Kim Villanueva Mar\· Villarreal Jamie Vinron Yolanda Visser Ted Vc;,nk Gary Voogt Todd Vriesenga Mark W,bckc Clare Wade Fritz Wah l(iclJ John Walborn Peter Walen L)nda Walker Mark Walker Gwen Wall:; Petl!r Walsh Shaun Walters William Walten. Levert Walton Jill Walton P Midiacl Wanroy Geof}.":e Wanry Ray Ward Alben Ware S(lphina Washingron Dwayne Watkins Deb Warson Andy Weatherhead Ron & Barb Weaver Brad Webb Lee Nebon Weber Jennifor Wcgcnt=r Tony & Shirley We.it:. Carol Welch Norm Welch Marie Wells Robert Weronka Steve & Kim Wcsrdorp Betsy & Jolrn We.,rman Lyle Wilcox Mikki Wilde Krh-tine \Y/ildeboer Krl3Wiley Steve Wiley Karen Wilhelm Mike Williams Linda William:; Juanira Williams Mary Alice Williams Jim Williams Jan Williams Rohcrta Williams Roger Williams Eric W. Williams Rosena Willinms Dalecsa Williams Ken Williams Don William$ Mark Wil5-0n Karen Wilson Phil Wils<)n ZocWil!-on Jodi WilterJink Jim Wiltjer Arian Winkelmann Jim Wimer-Tmurwine S1,mlcv Wisimki Mary Wismer Tom Wisne.ki Anne Wisnewski JQhn Wisniew~ki Mary Witkowski Heather Witte Tc<l Wohlford L1.ny,ee \Vong Lyndon W0<.xl Pauida Woodhull Bmjamin & Rohin Wooley Gabriel Works Sharon Worst Boh Wnrthin1-,rton Jerry & Evelyn Wrigh1 Laura Wright Brent Wybenga Mark Wybenga Jnhn Wynbeek Gordon Wyruma Eric Wynsma MMk Yns1 Kim Young George Young Connie YounJ? James Ypma Richard Zaagman Ron ZageJ M Zagumny Michad Z.1.harakos Dick Zahn Charles Zalewski Mikt= & Pam Zant John Zant Jnm~ Zarafoneitis DDS Jim Zawacki Gerald Zawistowski AmyWL'stra Tom Zelinski Lori Weyers John Wheeler Gerry Wh1.."Cler Danid limaitis Nancy White Jam~ White Bree Whitmore Fred Wicht Jack Wielhouwcr Marjorie Widsma Ken Wierenga Jon & Lori Wiersma Ron Wi,mum RobWiersum Steve Wicr:z:bit:ki Jam\!S Wigem Rick Zdmer Jeff Zimmerman Jerome Ziomlcowski Dan Zondervan Vi::rl Zu iclerveen Heidi Zukowski Mike Zuziak John Zw,,rensteyn Lavonne Zwan Bob Zyl:.rra Rachd Osborn Zylstra Our apologies w ,hose uhose names we may ha1..'( inndoc-rtantf)' omitted. • Page ix • Plan Grand Rapids • Acknowledgments �Funding Public Representatives Funding for the preparation of the Grand Rapids Master Plan was provided by: During the Master Plan process, the citizens of Grand Rapids were represented by the following: City of Grand Rapids Grand Rapids City Commission John H. Logie, Mayor Kurt F. Kimball, City Manager John H. Logie - Mayor Scott Bowen Robert Dean James Jendrasiak CITYOF GRAND RAPIDS FREY· FOUNDATIO N Frey Foundation The Frey Foundation is a family foundation committed to working together to make a difference in the lives of individuals, families, organizations and communities. The Right Place . & ~ i i : ~. /k")~~ THE RIGHT PLACE PROGRAM A REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION A regional economic development organization founded in 1985, The Right Place Program is a regional, non-profit economic development organization promoting area economic growth through high-quality employment, productivity, and technology. To do so, the program focuses on retaining existing jobs, supporting local business growth, and attracting new businesses to the Greater Grand Rapids area. City of Grand Rapids Community Development Department with a grant from the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, Community Development Block Grant Program. Lynn Rabaut Roy Schmidt Rick Tormala Grand Rapids Planning Commission Peter Carlberg Kim D. DeStigter Jim Doezema Shaula W. Johnston Patrick Miles, Sr. Janet K. Sanders John H. Stivers Marilyn Titche Robert Zylstra Daniel Gravelyn* James White* •fonn<r mem he, -----Master Plan Committee Eva Aguirre Cooper Mary Angelo Sandi Aten Nicole Ball Peter Carlberg Sam Cummings Rev. Robert Dean John Dice Nancy Dudley Dan Gravelyn Jay Hoekstra Jack Hoffman John Jackcoboice Jim Jendrasiak Rev. Charlie Jones Cindy Koning Jamie Malone Brad Mathis Roxie McGee Leigh VanderMolen Lee Nelson-Weber Lynn Rabaut Herbert J. Ranta Roberto Saenz Fred Sauer Yvonne Sims John Stivers Dr. Rick Sullivan Carol Townsend Shaun Walters Bob Zylstra Les Allen* Bett Burton* David Cassard* George Heartwell* Debra Holmes-Garrison* "fornrn r membt!r Plan Grand Rapids • Acknowledgments • Page x • �Project Innovations Business Associations Technical assistance in the preparation of the Grand Rapids Master Plan was provided by: JoAnna Trierweiler City of Grand Rapids Administration Jennifer Anne Metz Rebecca Smith-Hoffman Alger Heights Business Association Boston Square Business Association Burton Heights Business Association Cherry/ Lake/ Diamond Business Association Cheshire Village Business Association Crescon Business Association Division South Business Association East Fulcon Business Association Eascown Business Associarion Grandville Avenue Business Association Franklin/ Eastern Business Association Heartside Business Association Madison Square Business Association Michigan Street Area Business Association Monroe North Business Association Seymour Square Business Association Scockbridge Business Association Wealthy Street Business Alliance West Fulton Business Association West Leonard Business Association Technical Assistance Kurt Kimball - City Manager Eric Delong - Deputy City Manager Victor Vasquez, Jr. - Assistant City Manager Planning Department Staff William F. Hoyt, PhD. - Planning Director Jay Fowler, AICP - Assistant Planning Director Valdis Lazdins - Assistant Planning Director Suzanne M. Schulz, AICP - Project Coordinator Dale Fitz - Planner Alice Bushong - Planner Christopher Gray - Graphic Designer Jaden DeVogel - Photographer Barb Ellison Marv Lummen Kenneth Schilling, AICP Emily Kamara - Intern Eric Pratt - Intern The Right Place Program Rick Chapla - Urban Redevelopment Specialist Urban Redevelopment Council Past Perfect, Inc. Neighborhood Associations Alger Heights Neighborhood Association Auburn Hills Neighborhood Association Baxter Neighborhood Association Black Hills Citizens for a Better Community Crescon Neighborhood Association Eastgate Neighborhood Association East Hills Council of Neighbors Eascown Community Association Fuller Area Neighbors Fulton Heights Neighborhood Association Garfield Development Corporation Garfield Park Neighborhood Association Heartside Neighborhood Association Heritage Hill Association Highland Park Association John Ball Park Community Association Madison Area Neighborhood Association Midtown Neighborhood Association Neighbors of Belknap Lookout North East Citizens Action Association Roosevelt Park Neighborhood Association South East Community Association South East End Neighborhood Association Southwest Area Neighbors West Grand Neighborhood Organization West Grand Rapids Planning Committee West Side Connection AIA Grand Valley ArtWorks Interurban Transit Partnership Grand Valley Metropolitan Council Grand Rapids Public Schools Grand Rapids Information Network Neighborhood Business Specialists Program Public Museum of Grand Rapids Wade~Trim Nicholas P. Lomako, AICP, PCP - Project Manager Leah Hutko ~Wade-Trim Smith Group JJR SmithGroup JJR Constance C. Dimond - Principal Plan Author Mary Jukuri Kofi M. Boone Mike Kirk - ------- - - - - - - - - - - - -• Clare Wade Communications LLC Clare Wade •il;ll■I•• 1nnovat1ons~ ClareWade Communications • Page xi • Plan Grand Rapids • Acknowledgments �City of Grand Rapids Master Plan 2002 Adopted by The Grand Rapids Planning Commission on November 14, 2002. Accepted by The Grand Rapids City Commission on December 10, 2002. City of Grand Rapids Planning Department 300 Monroe Avenue NW - Room 920 Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503 616-456·3031 www.ci.grand-rapids.mi.us • Page xiii • Plan Grand Rapids �3.0, Great Neighborhoods ................. 27 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 - Introduction ............................................. 27 - Visions ...................................................... 28 - Plan Recommendations ........................... 31 - Objectives and Policies ............................. 43 4.0 , Vital Business Districts ............... 4 7 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 - Introduction ............................................. 47 - Visions ...................................................... 48 - Plan Recommendations ........................... 50 - Objectives and Policies ............................. 60 5.0, A Strong Economy ...................... 63 5.1 - Introduction ............................................. 63 5.2 - Visions ...................................................... 64 5.3 - Plan Recommendations ........................... 66 5.4 - Objectives and Policies ............................. 72 6.0 , Balanced Transportation ............. 75 Table of Contents 1.0 , Introduction ........................... Page 1 1.1 - Purpose ........................................................ 1 1.2 - Grand Rapids' Master Plan ........................ 2 1.3 - Guiding Principles ...................................... 4 1.4 - Process ......................................................... 6 1.5 - Community Participation ........................... 7 1.6 - Summary Task Descriptions ..................... 11 l. 7 - Participants ............................................... 20 1.8 - Plan Review and Adoption ....................... 20 2.0, Overview ............................. Page 21 2.1 - Introduction ............................................. 21 2.2 - Plan Contents .......................................... 22 2.3 - Future Land Use Map .............................. 22 2.4 - Themes ..................................................... 24 2.5 - Development Character ........................... 25 2.6 - Area-Specific Plans .................................... 25 2. 7 - Implementation ........................................ 25 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 - Introduction ............................................. 75 - Visions ...................................................... 76 - Plan Recommendations ........................... 78 - Objectives and Policies ............................. 86 7.0 , A City that Enriches Our Lives .. 89 7.1 - Introduction ............................................. 89 7.2 - Visions ...................................................... 90 7.3 - Plan Recommendations ........................... 92 7.4 - Objectives and Policies ........................... 100 8.0 , A City in Balance with Nature .. 103 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 - Introduction ........................................... 103 - Visions .................................................... 104 - Plan Recommendations ......................... 106 - Objectives and Policies ........................... 108 10.0 , Development Character ........... 117 10.1 - Introduction .......................................... 117 10.2 - Urban Design Vocabulary .................... 123 10.3 - Mixed-Use Overview ............................. 126 10.4 - Traditional Business Area in a Pre-World War II Neighborhood Context ............ 127 10.5 - Institutional Mixed-Use in a Pre-World War II Neighborhood Context ............. 130 10.6 - Industrial Mixed-Use in a Pre-World War II Neighborhood Context ............. 132 10.7 - School Reuse in a Pre-World War II Neighborhood Context ........................ 134 10.8 - Auto-Oriented Commercial in a Post-World War II Context ................... 135 10.9 - Higher Quality Medium- and HighDensity Residential Design .................. 137 10.10 - Green Space in the Central City ........ 145 11.0 , Area,Specific Plans .................... 151 11.1 - Introduction .......................................... 151 11.2 - Purpose .................................................. 152 11.3 - Planning Areas ...................................... 153 11.4 - Initiators and Partnerships ................... 153 11.5 - Planning Process ................................... 153 11.6 - Area-Specific Plan Elements ................. 154 11.7 - Adopted Area-Specific Plans ................. 155 12.0 , Implementation ........................ 15 7 12.1 - Introduction .......................................... 157 12.2 - Action Plan ........................................... 158 12.3 - Overcoming Barriers to Implementation ... 171 Glossary .............................................. 17 5 Index .................................................. 183 9 .0 , Partnerships ............................... 109 9 .1 9.2 9.3 9 .4 - Introduction ........................................... 109 - Visions .................................................... 110 - Plan Recommendations ......................... 113 - Objectives and Policies ........................... 115 • Page xv • Plan Grand Rapids • Table of Contents �.. Figures PAGE FIGURE PAGE Chapter 8.0 - A City in Balance with Nature l.a - Existing Land Use Map .................................................... I Lb - Master Plan Process .......................................................... 6 1.c - Putting the Pieces Together: Housing Diversity ............. 11 1.d - Opportunities for Change Map: Neighborhoods .......... 13 l.e - Concepts .......................................................................... 15 1.f - Draft Concept Plan: Suggested Plan Changes ................ 16 8.a - Environmentally Sensitive Lands Map ......................... 106 FIGURE Chapter 1.0 - Introduction Chapter 2.0 - Overview 2.a - Future Land Use Map .............................................. .. ..... 21 Chapter 3.0 - Great Neighborhoods KEY _J -:;::..- - -~- • •-- _J - - - =- ::J - --- _J - w----. ·11-11---. ai---111---,. __ ·-m-----11-- Figure 10.a - Neighborhood Character Types 3.a - Residential Densities Map .............................................. 33 3.b - Residential Density Categories ....................................... 33 3.c - Residential Densities by Neighborhood Type ................ 34 3.d - Pre-World War 11 Neighborhood ................................... 34 3.e - Post-World War II Neighborhood ................. .. ............... 35 3.f - Mixed-Use Neighborhood ............................................ .. . 36 3.g - Development Objectives for All Mixed-Use Areas ......... 37 3.h - Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special Considerations for Mixed-Use Areas ....................... .. .... 38 3.i - Neighborhood Characteristics and Preservation Tools/Strategies .......................................... 40 Chapter 4.0 - Vital Business Districts 4.a - Cores and Connectors .................................................... 55 4.b - Hierarchy of Mixed-Use Centers ................ .. .................. 56 4.c - Illustration of Neighborhood Mixed-Use Center .......... 58 Chapter 6.0 - Balanced Transportation 6.a- GVMC Long-Range Public Transportation Plan .......... 78 6.b - Transportation Framework: Transit Map ...................... 79 6.c - Transportation Framework: Streets Map ............. .......... 80 6.d - Transportation Framework: Non-Motorized ................. 85 Chapter 7.0 - A City that Enriches Our Lives 7.a - Examples of Riverfront Mixed-Use and Greenspace Design ..................... ..................................... 93 7.b - Greenway Connections Map .......................................... 94 7.c - Open Space Framework Map .......................................... 95 7.d - Parks Deficits Map .......................................................... 97 7.e - 2003-2007 Parks and Recreation Master Plan Goals ..... 98 List of Figures and Maps • Plan Grand Rapids • Page xvi • Chapter 9.0 - Partnerships 9.a - Neighborhood Associations Map ................................. 111 9.6 - Business Associations Map ........................................... 112 9.c - Future Regional Land Use Map ................................... l 14 Chapter 10.0 - Development Character 10.a - Neighborhood Character Types Map ......................... 120 10.b - Neighborhood Character Types ................................. 121 Chapter 12.0 - Implementation 12.a - Short-Term Implementation Action Plan ........................ 160 12.b - Action Plan -Theme Comparison ............................. 167 Maps MAE PAGE l.a - Existing Land Use ............ .. ............................................... 1 I.cl - Opportunities for Change: Neighborhoods .................. 13 l.f - Draft Concept Plan: Suggested Plan Changes ................ 16 2.a - Future Land Use .......... .. ................................................. 21 3.a - Residential Density .. ............ .. ......................................... 3 3 6.b - Transportation Framework: Transit ............................... 79 6.c - Transportation Framework: Streets ................................ 80 6.d - Transportation Framework: Non-Motorized ................. 85 7.6 - Greenway Connections ......................... .. ........................ 94 7.c - Open Space Framework .................................. .. .............. 95 7.cl - Parks Deficits ................................................................... 97 8.a - Environmentally Sensitive Lands .... .. ........................... 106 9 .a - Neighborhood Associations ......................................... 111 9 .b - Business Associations ................................................... 112 9.c - Future Regional Land Use ............................................ 114 10.a - Neighborhood Character Types ................................. 120 ll.a - North East Beltline Future Land Use ........................ 152 �Introduction --+/ ~ < 1~ 1 -- Purpose What is a Master Plan? A master plan is a set of long, LEONARD range objectives, policies and maps used to guide the growth and dev, elopment of a community. In general, the goals of a master plan are to: • identify existing conditions and trends, and the issues and opportunities they raise, as a basis for decision-making; LOW DENSITY RESIDENTIAL • clarify and gain consensus on goals and objectives for the future; • establish policies to manage change and to guide decisions about future land use 1 and development; MEDIU\1 LOW DENSITY RESIDENTIAL - MEDIU\1 DENSITY RESIDENTIAL - HIGH DENSITY RESIDENTIAL --,/--l--- - COMt,ERCIAL - OFFICE MXED COMMERCIALJRESIDENTIAL - INDUSTRIAL INSTITUTIONAL - PARKS AClRICUI.TUFIAL VACANT LDT - PARKINGLDT MEDICAL FACILITIES • provide the foundation for setting capital improvement priont1es, revising zoning regulations and developing other implementation tools. Land can be used for ~ v:iri~cy of purposbi , for exampll' ho using, bu:;inehlie.~ o r p:irks . llu: 1 Masta Pion recommend~ rhe t'ururl' use of land wirhin the city. - - t - --flH_e:;; 36T~ H- t - - - - - ,-T • Page 1 • 44TH 1----- Plan Grand Rapids • Introduction - Chapter 1 �· 1~2 - Grand Rapids' Master Plan A master plan looks comprehensively at the range of factors that influence the physical development of a community. It establishes a citywide policy framework that provides dear direction for the future, while maintaining enough flexibility to respond to a variety of situations and changing conditions. A master plan establishes the type, density and character of development that is appropriate in different areas of the community, including where new development should occur and where resources should be directed to revitalize or reuse already developed areas. A master plan also identifies important natural and cultural resources to be protected and provides a framework for determining where streets and other public infrastructure will be needed. Purpose of a Master Plan Planning is a process for reaching carefully considered decisions about what we want the future of our community to be. A masrcr plan has multiple purpose:;. Plan as Vision • To reach consensus on, document and communicate the outcomes the community wants ro achieve. • To serve as a catalyst for private sector invesrmcnts that support those outcomes. Plan as Blueprint • To rranslare the vision into land use and transportation patterns that can be used as the bas is for zoning and for funding infrastructure impro\'ements. Plan as Strategy • To describe the tools the comm un ity can use to encourage desired private inwstment (both ''carrots" and "sticks"}. • To coordinate city programs, policies and funding to support desired outcomes. Chapter 1 - Introduction • Plan Grand Rapids l During tlw r lan n inJ.: J'nKe:IS, i.,-,urs that w ere no t Jircdh rdart>J ro tlu· Ma.~rcr Pl.in wc re rcconk.J .mJ rorw11rJ d ro apprupriarecicycfopartmcnt.. , and 0.1mm11niry Rt..~ ,u n:e Team.-. (CRT.,). • Page 2 • While a master plan typically looks 20 years or more into the future, it must be re-assessed and updated at regular intervals. Grand Rapids' last Master Plan was adopted in 1963. Although the city has been continuously involved in planning (and the Master Plan has been amended many times), the community's vision for the future had not been comprehensively evaluated for a very long while. This updated Master Plan records the community consensus on a new vision for Grand Rapids. That vision covers a broad range of topics that are important to qua lity of life (for examp le, schools, public safety or job training); however, the Master Plan focuses primarily on those land use, development and infrastructure issues on which city policy can have a direct impact. 2 This is because the Master Plan is used by the Planning Commission, City Commission and city staff as a guide for day-to-day decisionmaking in: • developing and applying policies and regulations (for example, zoning and other ordinances, guidelines and area-specific plans that describe what kinds of development can occur where); • approving (and/ or suggesting modifications to) development proposals; and • assigning resources for capital investments and programmatic initiatives. The Master Plan is also an important vehicle for communicating Grand Rapids' policies for the future to adjacent jurisdictions as the basis for coordinating land use, open space and transportation decis ions. Just as importantly, the Master Plan communicates expectations and preferences about future develop- �ment to property owners, developers and business people. As a result, the Master Plan can serve as a catalyst for change by introducing new ideas and development models. It can also eliminate much of the "guesswork" from the development approvals process. It is important to remember that the public sector can help to encourage and guide investment; but it is the private sector - from individual homebuyers to major corporations and institutions - that will actually make investment happen. A clear understanding of what the citizens of Grand Rapids want, and how the city administration intends to support and manage development, will establish a more predictable climate for investment and encourage economic development. Smart Growth Principles - The people of Grand Rapids have embedded the principles of Smart Growth in their Plan for the future. 1 Next Steps e1oNARD The completion and adoption of the Master Plan is a significant milestone. But the process of implementing the Plan - through the many public and private decisions that influence the health and character of the city's neighborhoods, business districts, economy, and the natural and built environment - is the real hard work. This will require: • a clear understanding of plan recommendations; Principles of Smart Growth* • leadership of elected and appointed officials; What's Special about this Master Plan? While master plans share many common elements, each one is tailored to meet the particular needs of the city for which it is developed. It should reflect the values and visions of the citizens who participated in the planning process. The following characteristics distinguish the Grand Rapids Master Plan: Public Involvement - The Plan is a citizen-driven effort based on extensive community participation. Development Character - The Plan goes beyond broad, citywide policies for land use and transportation to make the quality and character of development a major planning consideration. Downtown and the Balance of the Community The Plan builds on previous planning for the future of the Downtown area, but focuses its attention on the balance of the community. Utilities -The Plan establishes a framework for utilities master planning to be undertaken in 2002, but does not include specific utilities recommendations. (A separate, comprehensive utilities plan will be completed in 2003.) • coordination and commitment of city staff; • Strengthen, and direct development towards, existing communities. • cooperation of developers, investors and the business community; • Mix land uses. • continuing participation of concerned citizens and community groups. The process of developing a master plan identified the need for more detailed work on a variety of topics. First and foremost is the need to revise the city's zoning ordinance to be consistent with, and to implement, plan recommendations. In addition, the preparation of area-specific plans that translate the Master Plan into more detailed recommendations for land use, transportation, open space and development character are anticipated. Other follow-up initiatives range from the development of an inventory of environmentally sensitive areas to the development of design guidelines that promote the compatibility of new development with the character of existing neighborhoods. • Encourage compact development patterns and building design. • Create a range of housing choices and opportunities. • Provide a variety of transportation choices. • Create walkable and accessible neighborhoods. • Foster distinctive, attractive development with a strong sense of place. • Preserve farmland, open space, natural beauty and critical environmental areas. • Encourage stakeholder and community collaboration. • Make development decisions predictable, fair and cost effective. *AJuptcJ from The Smarr Urowth Network • Page 3 • Plan Grand Rapids • Introduction - Chapter 1 �1~3 , Guiding Principles 1923 Master Plan '1f ":"--'"\,;,_ ., )il'Ali' A.'. ,u.~ ~ ~ 11\tL, ''L\li ~- City of Grand Rapids Master Plans This Master Plan is the city's third comprehensive land use plan. The city's first plan was developed in 1923 by Harland Bartholomew and the City Planning Department. The second plan was completed by J. Paul Jones, Planning Director, and his staff in 1963. Nearly forty years later this new Master Plan builds on past lessons learned and looks towards the future with great optimism. The four-decade time span between each plan provides an interesting perspective in changing planning philosophies and community goals as each clearly reflects the thinking of its time. Ma'iter Plan Planning Philosophy 1923 ......................... City Beautiful Movement I 963 ......................................... Urban Renewal 2002 ........................... Urbanism (New or Old) City Beautiful Movement - Urban spaces were intended to reflect culture, art and beauty during the early part of the 20th century. The creation of city parks and gathering places was important. By virtue of the city's beauty and quality oflife, an ever increasing number of residents would be attracted to Grand Rapids. This school of thought combined with the wideChapter 1 - Introduction • Plan Grand Rapids spread use of mass transit (buses, interurban lines, rail) envisioned a green, walkable, dense, and transit-friendly city. Urban Renewal-A number of ideas within the 1963 Plan sought to drastically change the landscape of the core-city. The general philosophy was "out with the old and in with the new". The central city was viewed as blighted and in need of modernizing. At the same time, the federal highway system was rapidly being developed. As a result, a number of historic and cultural resources were lost within the city and newly developed areas of the city were built for easy automobile access. Urbanism (New or Old) - New Urbanism espouses the values of centuries-old traditional urban design to create, or re-create, communities. Ironically, many of the recommendations of the 1923 Master Plan closely reflect the values and ideas of Grand Rapids' citizens in 2002. The concepts of sense of community, civic space, walkability, mixed-use, transit-friendly design, housing variety and a reduced dependency upon the automobile are central to both plans. • Page 4• Early in 2000, Mayor John H. Logie appointed a 31member steering committee to guide the preparation of the city's Master Plan. The Master Plan Committee selected a consultant team, helped to develop the planning process and worked with city staff and the consultants to maximize community participation and to shape the content of the Plan. In spring 2001, the Committee established the following guiding principles for their work. These principles influenced both the planning process and the content of the Plan; they also establish benchmarks for implementation. Partnership We make decisions and accomplish our plans in an open, inclusive and collaborative manner. We empower people to contribute their ideas, work toward consensus and take responsibility for achieving a shared vision of the future. We work in partnership - neighborhoods, businesses, investors, non-profits, institutions, schools, city government and surrounding jurisdictions - to capitalize on the synergy of pooled resources and expertise. Leadership We count on our community leaders and decisionmakers to contribute to our vision and work creatively and aggressively to make it a reality. Our leaders encourage the early involvement of affected parties in developing appropriate planning strategies. They help us focus on shared goals to manage change. �Choice Access We honor the diversity of our community by providing choices in housing and neighborhood types, transportation modes, shopping and job opportunities and recreational and cultural offerings. We are committed to creating a pedestrian-friendly city that also provides convenient connections over longer distances. We support transit, but we also need a quality roadway system that minimizes negative traffic impacts. We manage parking so that its impact on the pedestrian scale and visual quality of our city is minimized. Economic Health We understand that our city's ability to attract and retain business, jobs and households is the economic engine that drives investment in new development and the improvement and reuse of older areas of the city. Our city's economic health also determines our fiscal capacity to provide public investments and quality public services. We recognize the importance of broadening access to economic opportunity for all our citizens. Balance Sustainability We care about the environment, the availability of resources for future generations and the integrity of natural systems. We aspire to the Hannover Principles (Page 105). The choices we make will protect natural resources, capitalize on existing infrastructure and honor the principles of Smart Growth. We support actions that conserve the cultural and physical heritage of our community. La Grande Vitesse by Alexander Calder on Calder Plaza. We recognize the importance of maintaining a balance between economic (and job) growth, neighborhood preservation and environmental stewardship. We are committed to protecting and improving the valued characteristics of our central city while encouraging change that will make the best use of vacant and under-used land and buildings. We support a balanced transportation system that offers attractive alternatives to automobile use. Quality We believe that quality in the design and maintenance of private development and the public realm makes a difference to the quality of our lives. We support design approaches that honor context, compatibility, authenticity and the human scale. We support maintenance strategies that keep our city clean, green and safe. • Page 5 • Plan Grand Rapids • Introduction - Chapter 1 �PHASE I - WINTER 2001 PHASE 2 • SPRING 2001 PHASE 3 • FALL 2001 PHASE 4 • WINTER 2001-02 PHASE 5 • SUMMER 2002 FALL 2002 Forum '5 ReW!Wof Draft Plan -----l-U•&-n.~i..., ~ID~~ Master Plan Process This diagram illustrates the master plan process. This extensive public involvement effort relied on public input twice <luring each pha.se. The first engagement effort asked people abou1 their issues and opinions; the second time asked <lid we hear you corrcccly? Are we headed in the right direction! The Plan will direct rhe land use decisions of the Planning Comm iss ion and City Com mission. Figure 1.b .. Master Plan Process Phase 3 .. Concepts for Change The master plan process officially began on January 8, 2001. This extensive public involvement effort relied on public input twice during each phase (Figure l.b - Master Plan Process - Page 6). The first engagement effort asked people about their issues and what they thought; the second time asked: Did we hear you correctly? Are we headed in the right direction? The planning process was structured in five major phases that included the following tasks: Phase 1 , Issues and Opportunities • Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analyses • Community profile • Develop preliminary ideas for translating visions and prioritizing opportunities for change into a citywide approach to land use and transportation • Concepts for change workbook and meetings Phase 4 , Guidelines for Change • Sample development guidelines (principles of the quality, character and compatibility of development) • Special studies Phase 5 .. Plan Recommendations • Draft plan report Phase 2 , Opportunities for Change • Visions • Public hearing • Map locations where changes in land use or development are anticipated, desired or feared Chapter 1 - Introduction • Plan Grand Rapids • Community review • Page 6 • • Adoption �1~5 - Community Participation The planning process was designed to maximize citizen involvement and to gain consensus on plan recommendations. Hundreds of meetings held throughout the planning process were attended by more than 2,500 residents, business people, employers, property owners and institutional representatives. Community participation was structured to balance the need to take the planning process to the people and the need to bring people from across the city together to share perspectives and confirm citywide directions at key milestones. 1.5 .1 . . Area, and Interest, Specific Workshops At the start of the master planning process, over 120 outreach meetings were held to identify area-specific values and issues. Neighborhood and business organizations were asked to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT analyses) relating to their areas. Focus group meetings were also scheduled with various interest groups (i.e., major employers, environmental groups and developers) to get their special perspectives. As planning progressed, additional outreach meetings were held in different city sub-areas to identify and discuss opportunities for change, to review concepts for change and to evaluate special studies that illustrated how plan recommendations might be applied in four specific areas. These area- and interest- specific workshops allowed participants to share information, identify key issues and evaluate possible planning solutions. The Master Plan process was designed to gain consensus on plan recommendations. • Page 7 • Plan Grand Rapids • Introduction - Chapter 1 �PLAN GOT PLANS? GRAND RAPIDS 1.5.2 . . Community Forums At key milestones in the planning process community forums were held to encourage people from different parts of the city to share their perspectives and to solicit feedback on how accurately citizen input was being synthesized and interpreted. In addition to the community forums, in February 2002 a citywide workshop was held to help define the content of development guidelines for mixed-use, higher density residential development and green space in the central city. Nearly 100 people participated in the one-day workshop. Five community forums, each attended by 125 300 people, focused on the following tasks: Chapter 1 - Introduction • Plan Grand Rapids How would you like to see Grand Rapids change in the next 20 years? • Tell us on Tuesday, March 20th, at the first Master Plan Community Forum called "Visioning". Tiiat's wben you and other people who live and work all over the city can put your heads together to help shape Grand Rapids' future • Find out how people view our City. Whntare its bright spots? What could be better1 • Build on those ideas. In 20 year·, what shou ld Grand Rapids offer to people who liw, work or visit here? Plan ahracl! Join u, ar Cenrrnl ~ High School on Tuc,day, Man:h 20th at6,00rM Park in u .. .. die lots on I.yon Street or at - .,, ~ ~ Ciry Iligh/Middlc. Please enrer thron~h the main front doors fadni, FounroinStreer GRAND l\Al~DS P-=--=-IAN 11,e parking lot at Fountain Street and Prospect Awnue NE and the ""'" • ntranccwill be res<-r,-rd for the disabled. Questions? Ple-JJ;e call us at (616)456-3031 or go to: www.cl.grand-rapicls.mi.us. Share your ideas on June 19 at Community Forum #2 called "Opportunities for Change." • Join interested citizens as we look at Grand Rapids like a puzzle. Let's identify those areas that need a new "piece" of development. • Think about how the puzzle pieces of our community could be reworked to fit differently, function better and improve our quality of life. • Where do opportunities for change exist 1 • How should these areas be prioritized? • Which changes are most important? Goe Pia•." ' Join u, on June 19 ~ school is ADA •cccs<ible. All from 7:00- 9:00PM W,will be Plan Grand Rapids events are merrin,ri at Union I llgh 11 •• •• open to the public.Questions! School, 1800 Tn,mon1 NW, ~ CallrheCitYofGrand Rapids (betwe,n Bridg,• S=r and l~onningll,11arrmcncar(616) Leonanl Srrrcr NW, one hlor.k 456-3011 or vieir the wob at east of Covell A\.\:nud 11,c rn\ANl)RAPU::6 www.ci.~rancl-rapids .mi.us. PLAN TUESDAY, MARCH 20, 2001 · 6,9PM TUESDAY, JUNE 19, 2001 · 7,9PM CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL - 421 FOUNTAIN NE UNION HIGH SCHOOL - 1800 TREMONT NW Community Forum #1 Community Forum #2 Tasks: Prioritize beliefs and issues from SWOT analyses; develop visions for the future for priority topics. (March 2001) Tasks: Review, amend and prioritize opportunities for change ideas gathered from area-specific workshops. 0une 2001) • Page 8 • �MAKE PLANS! PLAN ON IT! On November 15, we 'II be talking about "Concepts for Change" the fitst draft of ideas for Grand Rapids' new Master Plan. • Should we ... Attract more people to live in Grand Rapids 1 Reconnect the Grand River to the West Side 1 Build walkable neighborhood centers! Create a competitive city! • Have we listened to the community! b everything in the right place! ls anything missing! • Community Forum #3 is the halfway point in the planning process. • Help set the direct ion for the future! Time is runnineout! • On Tuesday, March 26 at Creston High School we will be drawing Grand Rapid/ future at Community Forum #4 called "Guidelines for Change". • What will be the contents of the Master Plan! • How will proposed changes in the City happen and what will they look like! • Test community goals and apply the tools we have learned to four special areas of the City! • Have we listened? • After tomorrow, there will be only one citywide meeting left to provide input on the Plan! Make Plans! Join us on. ~ attrn<lanyPlanGrnnd Rapids Navcrnbc..r 15 at Ottawa Hills evenr. Question!.! Phont I li~h Srhool (south side ol u .. .. (616)456-3646 or llnd our Burton SC, bt""rwecn ~ neAA-lctter (in English an<l Kalamazoo & Plymouth). Spanish) at: \\ww.cl.grandEmrance is ADA .1cce-sihl<'. rapids.mi.us under Plannin~ E~nc 0, aiY.'a',':) v.-l'kOmC' to GRANO RAP'l[.6 Ocparonenr, Maste-r Phln. Plan On lt 1 Join us on Tuesday, March 26 at Creston High Sehool, 1720 P~LAN •.-.,'.;; Plainfield NE. Entrnnce is ~ w"w-w.ci.grand~raplds.mi.us ADA accessible. E...,,rvone look under the Planning is always wekomt> to ntte1,d GRAND RAJ'llli Department, Master Plan. THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 15, 2001 · 6:30-9PM OTIAWA lilLI.S H.S. - 2055 ROSEWOOD SE TUESDAY, MARCH 26, 2002 · 6:30~9PM CRESTON H.S. ~ 1720 PLAINFIELD NE ~ any Plan Grand Rapids event. Queuions? Phone ·;. 456-3646 or go to the web PLAN IT'SAPLAN! For the first time in 40 years, a new Draft Master Plan for the City of Grand Rapids will be unveiled to the public on TI1Ursday, September 12. • You are invited to th.: fifth and final Community Forum for Plan Grand Rapids. • Tell us what you think about the Draft Master Plan and Future Land Use map, both developed from ideas proposed by hundreds of Grand Rapidians! • You can also view the Draft Master Plan at www.ci.grand-rapids.mi.us, City Planning Dept. and librar ies. ITS A PLAN' Join us on ~ begins at 5PM, Master Plan Thursday, September 12 at presentation at 6PM the Van Andel Museum •;f1~·; ·;. Entranc-e is ADA accessible. Center, Public Museum of ~ Everyone is always welcome Grand Rapids, 272 Pearl to attend. Questions? Street NW. Open house ORANDRAPI.C6 Phone (616)456-3031. PLAN TIIURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 12, 2002 · 5-7PM PUBilC MUSEUM OF GRAND RAPIDS · 272 PEARL SI: NW Community Forum # 3 Community Forum # 4 Community Forum #5 Tasks: Review and discuss modifications to the concepts for change draft plan (suggested in area-specific work hops). (November 2001) Tasks: Help to define the parameters for a series of four special studies that wou ld illustrate how preliminary plan recommendations could be applied. (March 2002) Tasks: Review/ comment on draft master plan recommendations, objectives and policies; sample development guidelines and implementation recommendations. (September 2002) • Page 9 • Plan Grand Rapids • Introduction - Chapter 1 �1.5 .3 , Neighborhood and Business Associations Updcites on the Plan were broadcast on numerous tele, 1ision and radio stations. crrY OF l3FIANO ~ 1.5 .4 , Public Relations llastel'Plan A broad variety of tools and techniques were utilized to inform the public about the master plan and to solicit their involvement. The goal of the planning process was to ensure that everyone within the city had the opportunity to participate and be heard. Listed below are a number of the methods used to increase public awareness. Mam Mosle<Plan eoom, .. Oweech Meetings Pt.ticatioos "'°"'"' -nMO'I CffYttlMtU - Within the City of Grand Rapids there are more than 30 neighborhood associations and 20 business associations. Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) monies supported the involvement of these organizations by funding staff time, copying costs, newsletters and meeting supplies. The involvement of these groups proved to be invaluable. The knowledge and experience of community organizers and Neighborhood Business Specialists Program staff allowed the public to become more informed about the master plan and increased levels of public involvement in the planning process. Regular meetings were held with organizers to provide updates, receive feedback and obtain their opinions on next steps in the process. \/ltff'OH t f f Y ~ COlffilll."TU. ~ UU-HtWlt 11ll>'S , _ .,...,.,u ..:J A Plan Grand Rapids website was developed that provided a complete digital information resource regarding the Master Plan. Plan Grand Rapids Newsletter - Four newsletter issues were released during the process to inform the community about upcoming meetings and where to find information. They also provided a feedback loop about what the consultant team/planning staff had learned during each particular planning phase. News Coverage - Clare Wade Communications, Inc. worked with various media contacts and developed press releases and calendar listings. Master Plan articles appeared in the Grand Rapids Press, Advance, El Pulso Latino, Grand Rapids Times, The Paper, Chapter 1 - Introduction • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 10 • Grand Rapids Business Journal, MiBIZ and Grand Rapids Magazine. ln addition, tories concerning the plan were broadcast on numerous television and radio stations. Advertisements -All major planning events were advertised in the Grand Rapids Press. Ads also appeared in the Advance, Grand Rapids Times, El Pulso L-itino, El Vocero and El Hispano. A public service announcement, broadcast on major networks, was aired prior to Community Forum #3. In addition, billboards were used to advertise forums. Grand Rapids Information Network - Five video segments that described the planning process were developed and aired on the City of Grand Rapids' cable broadcast channel, the Grand Rapids Information Network (GRIN), on a bi-weekly basis. Minority Outreach - Special efforts were made to reach out to the L-itino and African-American communities of the city. Bilingual materials were developed, translators made available and special meetings held with a group of Spanish speaking women, called Mujeres Unidas. Special meetings and presentations were held in predominately African-American churches and neighborhoods; flyers and posters were used to increase awareness. Libraries - A binder containing critical master plan information was provided at each of the seven Grand Rapids Public Library locations. Website - A Plan Grand Rapids website was developed that provided a complete digital information resource regarding the Master Plan. Master Plan Committee minutes, scope of work, project schedule, press releases, newsletters, community meeting notes, community forum results and documents prepared as part of the planning process (such as the Concept Plan Workbook) were posted on the web. �1~6 -- Summary Task Descriptions Tasks in the first three planning phases served as building blocks that defined the direction, development and refinement of the Master Plan's content. Each of these tasks is briefly described below and key findings are summarized. Figure l.c - Putting the Pieces Together: Housing Diversity - Page 11 illustrates how one idea - housing diversity - was developed through the sequence of tasks. 0 Figure Le , Putting the Pieces Together: Housing Diversity How one idea has been developed through the steps of the planning process: Winter 2000 Issues/Beliefs "Housing choices should be made available to people of different income levels and ages." Vision (Forum #1) Spring 2001 "A city with a diverse base of housing rhar integrates housing for people of all incomes." 1.6.1 .. Phase 1: Issues and Opportunities Integrated Vision "Grand Rapids' neighborhoods will provide a variety of housing choices to appeal to the varied tastes and lifestyles of its diverse citizenry. Many neighborhoods will be especially proud of rhe mix of housing they pro- SWOT Analyses City Planning Department staff, Neighborhood Business Specialists Program staff and neighborhood organizers facilitated 120 meetings with residents and business owners across the city to identify .strengths, weaknesses, Qpportunities and threats (SWOT). This information was summarized into a series of beliefs (strengths and opportunities) and issues (weaknesses and threats) under 11 topic headings 3 : vide for people of a variety of incomes and lifecycle stages." Opportunities for Change (Forum #2) • Undeveloped land • Vacant/infill sites • Adaptive reuse of existing land • Upper stories of business district buildings Fall 2001 -Concept Plan Workbook (Forum #3) • sustainable environmental design; • Great Neighborhoods: Neighborhood choice, preservation tools • Population Growth: Alternative housing models • Balanced Transportation: Mixed-use, transit-oriented centers • what makes great older neighborhoods; • Mixed-Use: Community character types • what makes great newer neighborhoods; • Economy: Housing choice • housing choices; Winter 2002 • diversity; Development Guidelines • business/ job opportunities; • Mixed-Use Development • neighborhood businesses; • getting places/ moving people; • streets, alleys and sidewalks; • parks and green spaces; • Higher Quality Higher Densiry Housing Spring 2002 • Special Studies (Forum #4) • South Division Corridor • Plainfield/Leonard • 28th/ Division • regional responsibility. • West Side (Seward ro River) 1The su m m,1 ry of hd icfa fo r Ci\..:h of chcs1.' topics is presenrcJ in sul,sCc'\)uenr "t heme" ch.tpten,. • Page 1 I • Plan Grand Rapids • Introduction - Chapter 1 �Community Profile The consultant team prepared a profile of existing and projected conditions to provide an expanded perspective on the issues and opportunities facing Grand Rapids. This information is documented in a separate volume (Community Profile, July 2001) and addresses the following topics. Regional issues are identified in the Community Profile. Regional Context - A regional plan of future land use prepared by the Grand Valley Metropolitan Council (GVMC) and the major themes of GVMC's 1994 Blueprint Report are described. Additional regional is-sues are identified: economic polarization; population growth patterns and urban sprawl; transportation planning; water and sewer service; the environment; the Grand River; stormwater management. Existing Land Use - This section provides a statistical profile of existing land use in Grand Rapids, describes existing land use patterns and compares existing land use with zoning. Ten key land use is-sues - from the future use of vacant lands to the revitalization of older neighborhoods and commercial corridors - are identified. Community Character - Five existing neighborhood types are identified based on development patterns and visual character. These character typologies are described and mapped. Utilities - This section provides an overview of the city's sanitary sewer system, water system, stormwater management system and solid waste disposal. As noted earlier, the city's sewer and water master plan is being updated. Demographics - This section discusses trends for population and households, employment and industry, development and property taxes and retail sales and potential. 4 ~At rh c time this t\l;l.lu:nion was undertaken only limited in fo rm:uion wa.., avatlabll! frnm chc 2(X)Q U.S. Census. Chapter 1 - Introduction • Plan Grand Rapids Environment- Information on natural resources and sensitive environmental areas within the city's bound- • Page 12 • aries is extremely limited. Tb.is section suggests three major environmental themes: urban sprawl, stormwater management and greenway planning/ stream corridor protection. Transportation - An overview of the transportation network and long-range transportation planning, in the Greater Grand Rapids Area - including streets and highways, public transit, air, rail, bicycle and pedestrian systems - is provided. Recreation - This section provides an inventory of recreation facilities and programs; national park and recreation planning standards; and existing recreation planning efforts as inputs to an update of the Grand Rapids Park & Recreation Master Plan that was prepared concurrent with this plan. 1~6~2 , Phase 2: Opportunities for Change Visions At the initial community forum, the summaries of beliefs and issues were reviewed and additions were encouraged. Participants selected a topic to work on and prioritized its beliefs and issues. Then they developed statements and images that described a vision, or preferred future, for Grand Rapids. The vision statements developed at Community Forum #l addressed the following issues: • urban sprawl; • balanced transportation; • automobile alternatives; • energy use and waste minimization; • pedestrian friendly streets and neighborhoods; • absentee landlords; • code enforcement; • housing choice; �• neighborhood appearance; • speeding traffic/traffic calming; • litter and trash; Figure 1.d , Opportunities for Change: Neighborhoods • youth and minority representation in business/ neighborhood organizations; 3MILE_ I -----.. •-·1 Li r-..i • uncertainty concerning reuse of business/ institutional buildings; • job opportunities; r-·i ,I., • alleys, street paving and maintenance; 'J • fac;:ade design in business areas; .,- i • quality of neighborhood schools. i. .. L.... • l ... _,.,_.,,j KNAPP ....! i L-~-1 t,,,,,._t ! ;_,., i•.. - ... - .•- .. _ .. _ .. ,l L • recreation opportunities for youth; • park design for usability; and i.-"L.L..., ! I • walkable business districts; • green space as gathering places and to protect natural resources; i l • vacant/underutilized buildings and land; • streetscapes; : 3MILE • crime/drug activity; • parking enforcement; 4MLE --·•...-... This change map (one of six) represents areas of change for neighborhoods, as identified by the community. --2°BFUEN ,. j - i i j I ,-··-·_; ! Mapping Locations Participants at seven area-specific meetings across the city identified and mapped nearly 400 specific opportunities for change that were combined into citywide maps and tables listing anticipated, desired or feared changes in six categories: - • neighborhoods; - • neighborhood business districts; • neighborhood centers (addressing both neighborhoods and business districts); • economy; • transportation; and • parks and green spaces. OPPORTUNITIES FOR CHANGE -+--t- EXISTING AAIL TAADmONAL BUSINESS AREAS '._ ~ POTENTIAL CENTER • NEIGHBORHOOD CENTER 36TH • - VIUAGE CENTER 2 !I tJ, SUB · REGIONAL CENTER ~--- r--1- ~~ 44T.!:!_ I ! - - - -~-L-·- -·- -·~·~1'!........ I • Page 13 • -- - - Plan Grand Rapids • Introduction - Chapter 1 �• At each meeting, participants were asked to identify the top priority change opportunities in each category. This information was synthesized into more general types of opportunities for change for discussion at Community Forum #2. Here, participants confirmed (and added to) the types of opportunities for change and identified those considered most important to the future of the city. The results are summarized below. • Manage institutional growth for neighborhood compatibility. Transportation • Provide transit improvements. • Provide bike improvements. • Protect, sustain and revitalize neighborhoods. • Provide pedestrian improvements. • Improve compatibility between residential and non-residential uses. • Provide traffic calming. Parks and Green Space • Preserve natural/green areas. • Encourage appropriate infill housing in older neighborhoods. • Preserve existing parks. Neighborhood Business Districts/Centers • Create pedestrian and bike connections • Establish/preserve public spaces. This information helped to give focus to both the concepts for change and guidelines tasks (see below). • Reuse specific buildings for retail or other business use. • Encourage building repair, renovation and fac;:ade improvement. • Adaptively reuse commercial buildings for office, housing or mixed-use. • Emphasize traditional business district character. • Expand parking and improve its appearance. Economy • Make the Grand River a centerpiece of the economy (for example, by the addition of housing and mixed-use). Chapter 1 - Introduction • Plan Grand Rapids • Support small business. Neighborhoods • Address possible school closings and building/ property reuse. People from throughout the city came to Community Fomm #2 at Union High School to discuss Opportunities for Change. • Convert existing industrial, commercial and institutional buildings to alternative uses. • Page 14 • • Maintain existing parks. 1.6.3 .. Phase 3: Concepts for Change Ten outreach meetings were held across the city to present preliminary ideas for translating the community's vision and priority opportunities for change into a citywide approach to future land use and transportation. A workbook describing and illustrating seven basic concepts (Figure l.c - Concepts Page 15) was cl istributed in advance of the workshops. These concepts were intended to be bold, to spur discussion and begin debate; they include: �Great Neighborhoods - All Grand Rapids neighbor- • hoods can be places where people choose to live not leave. Figure 1.e .. Concepts • Components of the ideal neighborhood. • Three broad neighborhood types in Grand Rapids. • Neighborhood conditions and related preservation/ revi tali zation too ls. Population Growth - Grand Rapids can accommodate a growing population, but goals for population growth and related housing strategies are needed. • The opportunities (from vacant land to infill). • The benefits of growth. • Alternative housing types and densities. Balanced Transportation ~ ~ --------------- ~ ~ The Grand River System Balanced Transportation - We can create a more balanced transportation system emphasizing improved transit service, walkability and connectivity. Adopting a transit-oriented, mixed-use development approach to creating neighborhood, village and subregional centers can be a major step in acting on this commitment. A Diverse, Sustainable Economy • Regional transit planning. • Location of job centers. Mixed Use • Transit-oriented mixed-use centers. • Possible hierarchy of mixed-use centers. Great Neighborhoods Mixed-Use - Mixed-use development can make our city more walkable, convenient, diverse and vital - if we provide standards that demand a high quality of design and management. • Benefits of mixed-use. • Varying scales of areas. • Neighborhood character types, a basis for urban form guidelines. • Page 15 • Plan Grand Rapids • Introduction - Chapter 1 �Figure 1.f .. Draft Concept Plan: Suggested Plan Changes The Grand River System - The Grand River can be re-emphasized as the key to understanding the city's past and planning its future . • Riverfront land use changes to open space and mixed-use. r • US-131 connections. • Primary open space network. A Diverse, Sustainable Economy - Job creating/revenue producing initiatives can be balanced with quality of life/revenue consuming initiatives to ensure a diverse economy and fiscal sustainability. • Mixed-use. --- -. • Industrial use. • Education and health care. _I • Housing choice. • Quality of life. Regional Interface - The interelationship between the city and the region can be recognized in all planning decisions. • Urban Metro Subregion meetings. At Community Forum #3, Concept Plan changes suggested in the preceding workshops were reviewed and confirmed (Figure l.f - Draft Concept Plan: Suggested Plan Changes - Page 16 and Community Response to Concept Plan Workbook sidebar - Page 17).These changes were incorporated in preparing a draft future land use map and plan text. Unmapped suggested plan changes • Connect the South Beltline to 1-196 to the west of the city to reduce traffic on West Michigan Drive. • Add proposed bike routes/bike plan. • Identify and propose irtl)rovements to city gateways. '' : ~ - Cff"'- □ ~I= D M1w-v,,,. D D ~ ex1~=~·· 0 C-~Cltio~S..,~ kr...,p,,Sptc,,,-J~ m.Lido.ir"'-1 Tni.d,~ ~111,.-,'> o,6rrlet 12) ~f..,..,..i~ T~ ne,,.,. l/i."~C.,,.,100 y~~~vTCC =•·3 - ~~:ll{Rti-ttl%~·~ Chapter 1 - Introduction • Plan Grand Rapids t"' """"'1tc.- Ex,~l'..P~'-1::i f•,"P',..,;r.,;.,./q.,,~ • Page 16 • • • Ill . �Balanced Transportation • Promoting people-centered, rather than car-centered de\'elopment patterns (walkability). • Emphasizing transit. PLAN GRAND RAPIDS Community Response to Concept Plan Workbook Overall, the community's response to the concepts for change workbook was very positive, but important revisions to the concept plan (a preliminary draft of the official Future Land Use Map) were also identified. © In general, the community liked the following ideas: Great Neighborhoods • Maintaining a choice 111 neighborhood types. • The idea of tying neighborhood self-assessments of physical condition to suggested preservation/ revitalization tools and strategies (including restricting conversions of single-family homes to multifamily occupancy). Developing guidelines for renovation and new development that ensure compatibility with the character of the existing neighborhood context. ~ 'cl There was divided opinion about other ideas: Population Growth • Pursuing the concept of transit-oriented, mixed-use development. • Capitalizing on vacant land, unassembled large lots and agricultural land to accommodate population growth and expand housing choices. • Creating boulevards on 28'h Street and Michigan Street. • The benefits and costs of population growth. Mixed-Use • Concern about growing for growth's sake without improving quality of life. • Encouraging a mix of uses (and a mix of housing types, resident ages and incomes) in mo t neighborhoods. The Grand River • Developing "urban form" rules and performance standards ro promote compatibility with context and among the use mix. • Planning for the eventual re-design of US-131 as an at· grade, urban parkway to reconnect the West Side to the Grand River Emphasizing mixed-use in areas that are already predominantly non-residential. Grand River System • A transition from industry and heavy commercial to open space and mixed-use on the riverfront. • The creation of a framework of greenways and trails. • Adding parks and open spaces. Diverse, Sustainable Economy • Restructuring land use along the 28 th Street corridor to include housing and more green space and to improve walkability. • Planning for the future growth of educational and health care anchors. • Expanding housing choice. Regional Interface • Cooperation on regional transportation, utilities, economic development, environmental and land use issues to control sprawl. ® People didn't like the following ideas: Population Growth • Expanding medium-density residential and institutional development on the south side of Knapp, east of Ball. • Incorporating medium-low-density and medium-density residential development around proposed neighborhoodscale transit-oriented developments at Leonard and Plymouth (northeast) and Lake Michigan Drive and Collindale (northwest). Balanced Transportation/ Diverse, Sustainable Economy • Extending Plymouth Road to connect to Knapp, north of Leonard and extending Ball to connect between Aberdeen and 3 Mile. • Planning for the future expansion of industrial use along South Division and on Michigan east of the East Beltline. • Meeting with neighboring jurisdictions on shared planning issues. • Page 17 • Plan Grand Rapids • Introduction - Chapter 1 �1.6.4 - Phase 4: Guidelines for Change Sample Development Guidelines Throughout the planning process, it was clear that people in Grand Rapids were as concerned about the quality and character of development as they were about what kinds of uses and densities were proposed for different locations. As a result, it was agreed that the preparation of sample development guidelines should be included in the Master Plan. Feedback from the second and third forums helped to define priority topics for this task. These topics included: Mixed-Use - how to maximize the compatibility between different uses, densities and building types. Four situations were addressed in the context of the city's older neighborhoods: Sample development guidelines illustrate how to increase compatibility and preserve neighborhood character. • infill development and parking in a traditional business area; • institutional mixed-use; • industrial mixed-use; and • reuse of a school site. In addition, guidelines were recommended for improving the visual quality and walkability of autooriented strip commercial development. Higher Quality, Higher Density Residential Development - how to encourage medium- and high-density residential development that is located and designed to complement existing development patterns. Green Space in the Central City - how to provide more green space in already developed areas. Preliminary materials were developed and used as the basis for discussion in a one-day workshop. Nearly 100 people participated in shaping the content of the guidelines (See Chapter 10 - Development Character - Page 117). Chapter 1 - Introduction • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 18 • Special Studies Four specific locations within the city were selected for special study to illustrate and test how concepts for change and sample guidelines might be applied in preparing more detailed development plans. These selected special study locations are listed below. South Division Avenue and 28 th Street - This special study illustrated how an auto-oriented commercial intersection could be redeveloped as a mixed-use, transit-oriented development (mixed-use center) at a village scale. Two alternatives were developed to illustrate future development potentials if the existing rail line was abandoned and if it was retained. Plainfield Avenue and Leonard Street - This special study also illustrated how an auto-oriented commercial area can be re-structured as a mixed-use, transit-oriented development. This area connects new mixed-use development in the North Monroe area (south) to the Creston Business District (north). Improved pedestrian/bicycle connections between the Grand River, adjacent mixed-use areas and inland neighborhoods were also illustrated. West Side/ Seward Avenue. This special study illustrated how the Near West Side could be reconnected to the Grand River without major reconstruction of US-131. In addition, it suggests how new mixed-use development, both on the riverfront and inland, can be structured to capitalize on these improvements, as well as reinvestments in Downtown. and the North Monroe area. South Division Avenue - This special study illustrated how South Division Avenue, between Wealthy Street and the Cottage Grove industrial corridor, could be restructured to: • create a neighborhood-scale mixed-use, transitoriented center at Division and Franklin; • improve Campau Commons public housing area; �• reconnect the residential areas located to the west of Division to the balance of the South East Community Association (SECA) neighborhood to encourage reinvestment; • provide transitions between industrial and residential areas; and • create a gateway to Downtown. The special studies were reviewed by stakeholders in each area. In general, the illustrative ideas were well received. In the South Division area, however, neither business or resident groups supported the ideas illustrated in the special study drawing. As a result, this special study has not been included in the Master Plan supplement. (The three remaining special studies, and the comments received on them, are presented in Supplement B). South Division Avenue and 28th Street Special. Study (above) and Plainfield Avenue and Leonard Street Special Study (riglu). j • Page 19 • Plan Grand Rapids • Introduction - Chapter 1 �1~ 7 ~ Participants Community involvement has been a cornerstone of the planning process and many people have played a role in the preparation of the Master Plan. Citizens The Master Plan process was based on community participation. Residents, business people, employers, property owners, developers and representatives of area institutions and non-profit organizations participated in area-specific workshops, focus groups and citywide Community Forums. Over one thousand people who gave their time, energy and insight in shaping of content of the Master Plan are listed in the acknowledgement section of this plan. Master Plan Committee Members of the Master Plan Committee, chaired by Jack Hoffman and co-chaired by Eva Aguirre Cooper and Dr. Rick Sullivan, provided countless hours of volunteer time over the 30 months during which the study process was planned and conducted; and draft materials were prepared, reviewed and revised. Their expertise and varying perspectives provided valuable guidance throughout the planning process. Planning Commission Three Planning Commissioners served on the Master Plan Committee and city staff briefed the Planning Commission as a whole at regular intervals on the progress of the planning process. City Staff Planning Department and the Parks and Recreation Department staff played especially important roles in the planning process. In addition, all city employees were invited to participate in regular management forums to discuss the progress of the Master Plan. Chapter 1 - Introduction • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 20 • Consultants A team of consultants with extensive professional experience in community planning, urban design, neighborhood improvement, meeting facilitation and media relations provided technical assistance throughout the planning process. The consultant team was lead by SmithGroup ]JR of Ann Arbor and Wade-Trim of Taylor MI. Funders The Grand Rapids Master Plan was funded by a grant from the Frey Foundation (with grant administration provided by The Right Place Program) and the City of Grand Rapids. 1~8 ~ Plan Review and Adoption In August, 2002 a Draft Master Plan was released for public review and comment. A copy of the Executive Summary was mailed to everyone who participated in earlier phases of the planning process, and copies of the full text were available for review at many locations. Participants were also invited to attend a final community-wide forum. The participants attending the forum provided feedback to facilitators and were asked to complete a comment card. On September 26, 2002, the Grand Rapids Planning Commission held a public hearing on the Draft Master Plan. About eighty people attended. For each comment received, a formal response was provided and several changes incorporated into the plan. The revised Master Plan was presented to the Planning Commission and, as authorized by Public Act 285 of 1931 and Chapter 62 of the city code, adopted by the Grand Rapids Planning Commission on November 14, 2002 as the Master Plan for the City of Grand Rapids. �Overview-+--~ Figure 2.a .. Future Land Use Introduction _ _ _ _µ 3.!!!M~lE:.....-__/ The Master Plan establishes the type, character and density of development that is appropriate m different areas of the community, including O'BRIEN where new development might occur and where resources should be directed to revitalize or reuse already developed areas. It also provides a framework for identifying important natural and cultural resources MEDIUM LOW DENSITY RESIDENTIAL - MEDIUM DENSITY RESIDENTIAL - HIGH DENSITY RESIDENTIAL - OOMMEFCIAL - OFFICE - MIXEDUSE to be protected and for determining what public investments in streets and other DOWNTOWN - TRAD A - Near Downtown B - RI\/Brfront C - Near Downtown Institutions D - Corridor Residential and TBA Connectors (see text) E - Commercial infrastructure will be needed. - INDUSTRIAL :_ ', POTENTIAL CENTER • NEIGHBORHOODCENTER • - VILLAGE CENTER SUB- REGIONAL CENTER INSITTUTIONAL 44TH - I PARKS/ CEMlcTERIES I • Page 2 I • Plan Grand Rapids • Overview - Chapter 2 �--- ---- 2~2 -- Plan Contents The Master Plan contains both text and graphics to present the visions, objectives and policies that are used to guide the growth and development of the community. A series of Figures (maps, images and tables) are included to illustrate how written recommendations should be translated into future land use and transportation patterns. Important maps include: • Future Land Use Map (see Figure 2.a - Page 21) Process The Master Plan process was designed to maximize community involvement and to gain consensus on Plan recommendations. Community parti, • Transportation Framework Plan: Transit (see Figure 6.b - Page 79) • Transportation Framework Plan: Streets (see Figure 6.c - Page 80) • Open Space Framework Plan (see Figure 7.c - Page 95) While these recommendations are presented on separate maps for clarity and readability, they are interrelated and should be considered cumulative. cipation was structured to balance the need to take the planning process to the people and the need to bring people from across the city together to share perspectives and confirm citywide directions at key milestones. In each step of the planning process, community input helped to define the direction and refine the content of the Master Plan. Chapter 2 - Overview • Plan Grand Rapids 2~3 -- Future Land Use Map The Future Land Use Map (Page 21) is the most complex of the maps included in the Master Plan. lt presents the geographic framework for realizing the development themes described throughout the plan, and illustrates: • • • • • generalized lan<l use; residential density; mixed-use areas; traditional business areas; and neighborhood, village and sub-regional centers. • Page 22 • It is important to note that the Future Land Use Map illustrates general development patterns and is not intended to define land use on a lot-by-lot basis. These more detailed land use decisions will be made as the city's Zoning Ordinance is revised in response to the Master Plan. Many Grand Rapids neighborhoods are strengthened by the diversity of uses contained within them. Smaller scale non-residential uses can co-exist compatibly with housing. For this reason, institutional uses, like neighborhood schools and churches, have only been identified if they occupy an area greater than about three acres. Similarly, a number of minor commercial areas are not shown on the Future Land Use Map. While these areas offer important neighborhood services, and opportunities for business growth and employment, great care must be taken to insure that the scale of development in these areas is compatible with the character of the traditional development pattern in the neighborhood. The Future Land Use Map illustrates: Residential Areas - Areas where the predominant land use should be residential in character. These areas are also mapped by density, as follows: • • • • Low-Density ...... ......... Less than 5 units per acre Medium Low-Density ...... 5 to 9.9 units per acre Medium-Density ........... 10 to 14.9 units per acre High-Density .............. 15 units per acre or more. For additional information on residential densities, see Chapter 3- Great Neighborhoods - Page 27. Mixed-Use Areas - Areas that are suited for a mixture of uses rather than a single use. These areas are mapped according to the following functional classifications: �A. Near Downtown B. Riverfront C. Downtown and Near-Downtown Institutions D.Corridor Residential and Traditional Business Area (TBA) Connectors E. Commercial Mixed-Use Areas For additional information on mixed-use areas, see Chapter 3- Great Neighborhoods - Page 27, Chapter 4 Vital Business Districts - Page 4 7, and Chapter 5-A Strong Economy - Page 63. Traditional Business Areas - Existing commercial areas that can be organized as compact retail/mixeduse cores linked by higher density residential/mixeduse connectors and are designed at the neighborhood scale. For additional information on traditional business areas, see Chapter 4 - Vital Business Districts - Page 47. Mixed-Use Centers - Areas designed to encourage the restructuring of existing commercial areas as compact, walkable centers that include a mix of commercial, civic and residential uses and serve as a focus of a neighborhood or larger market area. • Neighborhood Centers • Village Centers • Sub-Regional Centers For additional information on mixed-use centers, see Chapter 3 - Great Neighborhoods - Page 27, and Chapter 4 - Vital Business Districts - Page 47. Other Areas - Areas where the predominant land use is either commercial, office, industrial or institutional in character and which serve their respective traditional functions. The scale of the symbols used to depict traditional business areas and mixed-use centers are intended to indicate the classification and function of the area and not the size of the area so designated. The text of the plan and additional area-specific plans should determine the exact boundaries of these areas. Encouraging a mix of uses in some parts of the city is a critical plan recommendation that addresses many of the seven themes. The development objectives that apply to all mixed-use districts are presented in Figure 3.g - Development Objectives for AH Mixed-Use Areas - Page 37 and a description of the purpose and recommended uses for several types of mixed-use development are presented in Figure 3.h - Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special Considerations for MixedUse Areas - Page 38 and Figure 4.b - Hierarchy of MixedUse Centers - Page 56. More information about each of these land use classifications is contained in the subsequent chapters. • Page 23 • View of the West Side of Grand Rapids looking towards Downtown. Plan Grand Rapids • Overview - Chapter 2 �with the objectives of improving transit, making streets more walkable and creating a system of bike routes. The visions, objectives and policies presented in Chapters 3 through 9 present the Master Plan recommendations organized around seven themes: Great Neighborhoods Great neighborhoods are the foundation of a great city; they are the physical and social expressions of community. Every neighborhood can be a great neighborhood by building on its own assets and special character. 0 Vital Business Districts Vital business districts are critical components of a livable city and a strong economy. Great neighborhoods and vital business districts also go hand-in-hand; one cannot succeed without the success of the other. The choices that are made in locating and designing business districts are also important factors in creating a walkable city and supporting transit. G 1 Photo courtesy of ArtWorks Expanded Visions 2001 youth apprenticeship program. A Strong Economy City government must help to foster a strong economy so that Grand Rapids' residents prosper, and revenues needed to provide important urban services and amenities are available. The citizens of Grand Rapids recognize the importance of continuing business and institutional investment, but seek to balance economic growth with priorities for neighborhoods, the environment and the quality of development. 0 Balanced Transportation 1ArtWorks photos arc hein~ used in Chapters 3-9 of the Master Plan to illw1rrntl' rhc: Jiver::;iry an<l vitality of our city's ncighborho<xls. ArtWorks, a nonprofo organization, employs yuurh ages 14 to 21 in year round arts-related WlHk experiences. ArtWorks parmers wich local :ms organlzations ro hire profoSliion.il artists and yourh ages J4 to 21 to produce artwork for public in!:,tallation, performance and publication an<l for sale through local galleriei;. The youth, callcJ apprentice ~rtists, have a unique opporrunity to earn a payrhec:;k by creating original visual, e Grand Rapids' citizens support the coordination of transportation and land use decisions to reduce dependence on the automobile, provide choice in travel modes and to balance the needs for automobile and truck access literary, media and performing: arc. Chapter 2 - Overview • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 24 • A City that Enriches Our Lives e The quality of life in Grand Rapids plays an important role in determining whether people will choose to live, shop, work and spend leisure time in the city. Many factors influence quality of life, including schools, environmental quality, open space and recreation and the attractiveness of the built environment. The Master Plan focuses on the Grand River, open space, the city's heritage and urban design as important quality of life considerations. A City in Balance with Nature People in Grand Rapids support planning approaches that protect natural resources, capitalize on existing infrastructure and honor the principles of Smart Growth. This chapter highlights plan recommendations that provide an alternative to sprawl, promote balanced transportation, protect valued natural resources and better manage stormwater runoff. 0 Partnerships The planning policies that guide development in the metropolitan region will significantly influence Grand Rapids' success in achieving important planning objectives. In addition, collaboration among city departments, residents, property owners, businesses and institutions will be essential in bringing the Master Plan's recommendations to fruition. Both regional and community partnerships are needed. S �2~5 -- Development Character Because the quality and character of development is as important to the citizens of Grand Rapids as the overall patterns of future land use, Chapter 10 - Deve~ opment Character - Page 117 presents sample development guidelines. These guidelines address the following topics: • mixed-use; • higher quality and, higher density residential development; • green space in the central city. These guideline topics were selected from a much longer list of candidates suggested by community input throughout the master planning process. In part, the guideline examples were chosen to help clarify key master plan recommendations (mixed-use, alternative models for new housing development) and to augment others (open space network, walkable streets, stormwater management). The examples provi<le a template for developing guidelines on additional topics in the future. Among the most important of these additional topics are guidelines for protecting the valued characteristics of existing neighborhoods. As starting point for this effort, a preliminary map of five neighborhood types, with descriptions of their distinguishing characteristics, is provided in Chapter 10 - Development Character - · 2~6 -- AreaSpecific Plans Chapter 11 - Area-Specific Plans - Page 151 describes a recommended process for the development and approval of area-specific plans as potential future amendments to the Master Plan. These area-specific plans will build on the Master Plan recommendations to provide more detailed land use plans and development guidelines for proposed mixed-use areas. It is also anticipated that area-specific plans will be prepared for many of the city's neighborhoods, especially where revitalization is a priority. 2~ 7 -- Implementation Implementation will be achieved over an extended period through the cooperative efforts of the public, private and non-profit sectors. Chapter 12 - Implementation - Page 157 presents an Action Plan with 12 action items to achieve the promise of the Master Plan. The Grand River is an economic development and qualir;y of life asset. The Plan encourages a change in land u.se along the riverfront from industry to open space and mixed-use. l Page 117. The principals of urbanism are prot•iding new models for crearing mixeduse centers at the neighborhood, tii!lage and sub-regional scale. • Page 25 • Plan Grand Rapids • Overview - Chapter 2 �Great Neighborhoods 3 ~ 1 ~ Introduction Great neighborhoods are the foundation of a great city; they are the physical and social expressions of community. Grand Rapids' citizens are concerned about the physical quality of their neighborhoods the housing stock, convenience to shopping and services, streets, open spaces and overall appearance. But because it is the people who live in the city's neighborhoods who ultimately determine the sustainability of investments in brick and mortar, Grand Rapids' citizens are also concerned about the quality of public education, jobs and job training, strong neighborhood organi, zations and collaborative decision,making. • Page 27 • Plan Grand Rapids • Great Neighborhoods - Chapter 3 G) �3 .2.1 .,. Housing Diversity Grand Rapids' neighborhoods will provide a variety of housing choices to appeal to the varied tastes and lifestyles of its diverse citizenry. Downtown housing, lofts, second story apartments in neighborhood business areas, historic districts, older core city neighborhoods, single-family subdivisions, senior housing and newer apartment and condominium housing will all be available. Many neighborhoods will be especially proud of the mix of housing they provide for people of a variety incomes and lifecycle stages, as well as the availability of churches, parks, shopping and schools within easy walking distance. Why Are Great Neighborhoods Important? The citizens of Grand Rapids expressed the following beliefs in what makes a great neighborhood. • Diversity helps to build strong neighhorhoods. • Housing choices should be made available to people of different ages, ethnicity and incomt levels. • Neighborhoods should be convenient to shopping, jobs and other services. • Neighborhoods should have strong public and/ or private local schools. • It should be easy and comfortable for someone to take a walk in their neighborhood. • Neighborhoods should be blessed with strong local churches. • Neighborhoods should have a particular character and sryle of housing. • Strong, active associations should neighborhoods. represent • Neighborhoods should be good places to raise a family. • Good city services and facilities help build strong neighborhoods. • New homes should he built on vacant lots (where appropriate). • It is good when business people also live in the neighborhood. T he fundamental physical elements of an ideal neighborhood, that reinforces these beliefs, include walkable streets, human-scale blocks, a variety of housing choices, usable public space, an identifiable center and definable edges. Every neighborhood within the city has the potential to be "great". Some neighborhoods hold more of the pieces to the puzzle than others, yet with appropriate strategies and a clear vision for the future every neighborhood within the city can he a place of choice that offers a quality living environment. ---- G) Chapter 3 - Great Neighborhoods The Master Plan kick-off ei•ent was held at the Grand Rapids Public Museum. One of the first steps of the master plan process was to ask the citizens of Grand Rapids what they would like to see the city look like twenty years from now. At the first community forum more than 300 people came together to discuss the future of Grand Rapids. Their discussion was guided by the information gathered during a series of neighborhood and business association meetings and discussion guide responses collected in the first two months of the planning process. Eleven major categories summarized key issues and provided participants a variety of discussion topics from which to choose. The beliefs and issues used at the forum were developed from the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats identified previously. Statements and images that described a vision, or preferred future, for Grand Rapids were then created by forum participants in small groups. The following visions emerged. • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 28 • •• •• •• •• • .. .. . .. ~ a, Topic: t,1ol-1'8il'\~ C,~.;Gc.~ -- ~ Issue: Lir,\1kl, J..;~ ,-.-#..-¼re f' ~, / L , c i ~ Q o1,11er.se . I.. ~ ~It# (KS~ ~ of hoi.ui ~ s-tJ kl +h:vt iri +e1=-t<;J hotA.6 i l1J .for- --~-o/;/e o-1- a f I incoMtS and <3e.ner11. ~ pricle i11 our Cc>JY1/111A. n i l:J. ~ ~ Vision Statement \ \ ·~ .--. .. . , , __..A I ' Picture/Symbol ; ; . . . . . ; ; . . ; . . . _ _ ; _ - - - ' - ' - - - - - - - - - Wade-Trim TNm �3.2.3 , Committed Home Owners, Landlords and Tenants Home ownership for all income, racial, ethnic and disability groups will increase in many neighborhoods that have low rates of owner occupancy. Effective affordable housing and homebuyer assistance programs will help first time owners to achieve the American Dream. Grand Rapids will succeed in ensuring that rental housing is also a neighborhood asset. Landlords in our city will be responsible business professionals who maintain their rental properties to provide safe and decent homes that are also viable investments. Both landlords and tenants will be actively involved in their neighborhoods. They will be recognized for, and proud of, the contributions they make to neighborhood quality. 3.2.2 .. Urban Heritage We will capitalize on the urban assets of our older neighborhoods to make them the location of choice for households of all sizes, ages, incomes and races. The architectural character, compatible mix of uses, convenience and walkability of these areas will be reinforced by rehabilitating existing homes and businesses and carefully designing new infill development. Housing codes will also be important to the success of older neighborhoods. Because standards for quality and maintenance will be clearly expressed, supported by consensus and equitably applied, they will inspire all property owners to invest in their neighborhoods and take pride in their unique characters and values. Ef't\~r ~ Vision Statement +.. m\Mfi~ ....,l ~t.nf"'~ ~ if\'iMWc,....,.."''"'Pi rc. 0 d,\,.-u~c. c.,,,.,,,.fiffl;+y; e11btoa·n~ - "''°""'"'"" •-,,-,. neifborin\l !'l'l\no,i+'I ~•"P' - ' M\p> en"',. es_.... 1 ........ ~ "" ....... ....., -+""'11 ~ ~o~-..,~ Vision Statement ~ ~(jj .~ ~ ;~ ~~~~( ( ,..-- 0, Pictu _ _ _S ........_--r-t---:fl+--,:-- • Page 29 • Wade--TiimTNm 3.2.4 .. Collaboration and Community Grand Rapids will be a city of inviting neighborhoods because caring and committed residents, landlords and business people will work together to maintain public safety, private property and public spaces to create an outstanding quality of life. Neighborhoodbased planning and collaborative problem-solving will inspire a sense of mutual respect, shared responsibility and pride within each of the city's neighborhoods. Partnerships between neighborhood residents, business people and institutional leaders will take much of the uncertainty and conflict out of planning for new development and the reuse of existing buildings. Plan Grand Rapids • Great Neighborhoods - Chapter 3 Q �3.2.5 .- Quality of Life '½. Dream of a Beautiful City - That is already on the way to realization... The Grand Rapids of the future, a city of convenient thoroughfares, handsome structures, sightly bridges and splendid river esplanade, a city which by virtue of its beauty and advantages will attract an ever increasing number of residents." Neighborhood streets and alleys will be well lit, safe and clean. We will emphasize the importance of people-friendly, tree-lined streets in our neighborhoods by slowing traffic, maintaining space for pedestrians and accommodating cyclists. The quality of the public realm - including streets and other gathering places - will allow residents to enjoy their neighborhoods and foster the informal social interaction that creates a sense of community. A Plan for the Future Growth of Grand Rapids. 1923 - Page 11. "People are the reason for the development of cities. People are the reason for the development of plans. A study of people, their attributes, their habits, their ethnic composition, their desires, their use of the natural resource of land and the relation of these land uses to each other forms the basis for any realistic development proposal. In developing the Master Plan, these considerations have been paramount. The end objective of the plan is to develop an environment conducive to the best distribution, density and movement of people in their daily pursuits. In short, the entire master plan seeks to develop a city for the people which will give them the maximum freedom and the minimum of control through a realistic appraisal of the needs of all the people." ~ Topic: ~ _ls_su_e_:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ Vision Statement 3.2.6 .- Quality Education Strong schools will also be a focus of community in our neighborhoods. Backed by residents, parents and businesses, the schools will provide clean, safe, upto-date buildings and equipment. We will make it a point to publicly honor the accomplishments of welltrained teachers and hard-working students; steadily improving achievement test scores will be a testament to our community-wide commitment to quality schools. Grand Rapids Master Plan, 1963 - Page 24. Posters are from the first Master Plan Community Forum held at Central High School in March 2001. Q Chapter 3 - Great Neighborhoods • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 30 • �3.3.1 . . A Competitive Housing Location Based on past trends, demographers predict that Grand Rapids will be home to a decreasing percentage of the region's households, and a decreased overall population, in the next 20 years - even though the region's population will continue to grow. The city needs a stable or growing population, and a balance of household incomes, for several important reasons. More Revenue - More people living in Grand Rapids means more income tax revenue. Each additional person also brings the city $150 in state revenue sharing annually. Moreover, a growing population drives a strong demand for housing and usually results in increased property values and property tax revenues. These revenues allow the city to provide important services and amenities. Grand Rapids has a dit,e-rse housing stock. 3~3 ~ Plan Recommendations Plan recommendations focus on: • making Grand Rapids a competitive housing location; • providing a choice of neighborhood types, each with an expanded range of housing opportunities; • coordinating the location of higher density residential development and transit routes; • encouraging continuous neighborhood reinvestment; and • improving walkability. Grand Rapids' Neighborhoods Grand Rapids neighborhoods offer people of all ages, incomes and lifestyles a broad array of choices. For the city ro remain healthy, it must compete with outlying suburbs for residents. There will always be a group of people who choose to live in a rural environment; surrounding townships and villages can provide this option. Many people, however, cite the benefits of urban living and find it attractive; including reduced commuting times, convenience, culntral events, affordability and sense of community. A variety of interesting demographic and housing trends have emerged withm past ten years, most notably: More Places to Shop - Residents provide the buying power within the city to support the kinds of retail and service offerings people would like to have in or located conveniently to - their neighborhoods (for example, grocery stores). • 72% of the households in the Grand Rapids metropolitan region are comprised of non-traditional households, including young adults, young married couples without children, single-parent families, empty nesrers and seniors. Stronger Schools - More households with children can help to support neighborhood schools. Better Transit - More people living within walking distance of transit can help to increase ridership and support expanded/ improved service. • 40 % of Americans living in an apartment do so by choice, nor because of financial situation. A More Sustainable Regional Growth Pattern Accommodating a greater proportion of the metropolitan region's growing population within existing developed areas means less sprawl and its associated impacts. Grand Rapids should take steps to ensure that the city increases its appeal within the larger metropolitan region as a residential location of choice for many • Page 31 • • Between 2000 and 2010, households without children are expected to grow by 19% nationally; nonfamily households will increase 17%; and the traditional family with children is expected to decrease by 3%. • Households earning $50,000 or more have been the fastest-growing segment of the apartment marker between 1997-2001. ,._ Plan Grand Rapids • Great Neighborhoods - Chapter 3 . Q �Housing diversity attracts man:y different types of households. • types of households. Like many other core cities, Grand Rapids is home to a disproportionate share of the region's lower income population. While quality affordable housing for these residents is essential, the city must also be able to attract middle and upper income residents to maintain a diverse population and a balance of household incomes. Because of its diversity, history, architecture, convenience and rich cultural and educational offerings, Grand Rapids has a competitive market advantage over the typical suburban subdivision in appealing to non-traditional households. These households, including young adults, young married couples without children, single-parent families, empty nesters and seniors, now make up almost 72% of the households in the Grand Rapids metropolitan region. By providing housing choices and neighborhood environments that appeal to these segments of the housing market, Grand Rapids can achieve a sustainable balance in household demographics. Grand Rapids can also strengthen its appeal to all households - and especially families - by ensuring that the city is safe, clean and green and by working to improve quality and choice in K-12 education. 3.3 .2 , A Choice of Neighborhood Types One of Grand Rapids' greatest assets is the choice of neighborhood types the city offers. The existing characters of these neighborhoods should be protected by encouraging new development (and rehabilitation of existing buildings) to maintain overall existing patterns of density and sensitivity to the existing context in site planning and architectural design. In addition, Grand Rapids should encourage new mixed-use development that distributes higher density housing in smaller increments throughout the city and offers housing choices with special appeal to non-traditional households of a range of incomes. G) Chapter 3 - Great Neighborhoods • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 32 • l Residential Densities Existing Densities - The predominant existing residential density in the city's older (pre-World War II) neighborhoods is medium-low (MLOR); however, significant areas have also been developed at medium (MOR) and high (HOR) residential densities. In contrast, the predominant existing residential density in newer neighborhoods (post-World War II) is low (LOR); but there are a substantial number of medium-low (MLOR), medium (MOR) and high (HOR) development areas in these neighborhoods, as well. These finer grain patterns of existing residential densities across the city are represented in Figure 3.a Residential Density Map - Page 33 and Figure 3.b - Residential Densities - Page 33. Proposed Densities - The Future Land Use Map (Figure 2.a - Page 21) generalizes the existing pattern of residential densities to make the map easier to read. This should not be interpreted to mean that reductions in existing residential densities in a particular neighborhood (or on a particular site) are recommended. Instead, the Master Plan proposes that overa II existing patterns of residential density be maintained and that all density transitions be incremental, rather than abrupt. The Master Plan recommends that older (preWorld War II) neighborhoods be protected and revi ta l ized, rather than encouraging wholesale redevelopment at higher densities. Similarly, in newer (post-World War II) neighborhoods, where development pressure on vacant and agricultural land and unassembled large parcels is likely to be felt in the future, new residential development is recommended at densities consistent with what exists today. This residential development must be located and planned to protect sensitive natural areas (see also Chapter 8 A City in Balance with Nature - Page 103). In proposed mixed-use areas, medium-low (MLOR), medium (MOR) and high (HOR) residential densities are �Figure 3.a .. Residential Densities Figure 3.b - Residential Density Categories Low-Density Residential (LOR) 1-4.9 dwelling units/acre Medium-Low-Density Residential (MLDR) 5-9.9 dwelling unzts/acre I : ,: ! ·: >,', / Residential Densities Medium-Density Residential (MDR) 10-14.9 dwelling units/acre Legend Non-residential 1-5 upa 1111 111110-15 llll 5-10 upa upa 15+upa . p ~ Boundary between preand post World War II neighborhoods High-Density Residential (HDR) 15 or more dwelling units/acre • Page 33 • Plan Grand Rapids • Great Neighborhoods , Chapter 3 Q �Figure 3.d, Pre,World War II Neighborhood G) Chapter 3 - Great Neighborhoods • anticipated, with an average medium residential den- • A mix of densities, and of rental and owner-occusity overall. It is important to note that, in almost all pied housing, can be a neighborhood asset; allowing cases, the higher density residential development in households to progress through life cycle stages proposed mixed-use areas will replace existing indus(single, young married, raising a family, empty nest trial and commercial uses, rather than encroaching and retired) while remaining in the same part of the on existing low-density housing. city. The way density and housing tenure are managed, however, makes a difference. For example, some older neighborhoods have experienced the converFigure 3.c, Residential Densities by sion of single-family home to multifamily occupancy. Neighborhood Type Where parking is inadequate to support this inNeighborhood Type LDR MLDR MOR HOR creased density and, especially, where landlords do Pre-World War II xx X not provide adequate management and maintenance X Post-World War II xx X X X of these rental properties, conversions often have a Mixed-Use X xx X destabilizing influence on property values. This can be compounded by the limited financial ability of XX- predominant overall density LOR - Low-Density Residential nearby retired and/or low income home owners to MLDR - Medium-Low-Density Residential provide the maintenance needed to keep homes in MOR - Medium-Density Residential good condition. HOR - High-Density Residential Neighborhoods with alleys are common in some --------+ - . pre-World War II neighborhoods of Grand Rapids. Pre--World War II Neighborhoods Alleys are key to the functioning of older and rediscovered new urban neighborhoods. The problem is Characteristics - Older (pre-World War II) neighborthat many alleys have been neglected or have fallen hoods offer pedestrian-scale, tree-lined streets; a fineinto relative disuse. The result is that alleys often grained mix of housing types and densities; appealing become unattractive, forgotten areas that accumuarchitecture and the convenience of nearby shopping late junk, become attractive for crime or are districts, civic institutions and job centers. These underutilized. Commerce and services that used to older neighborhoods generally have small blocks occur in alleys now take place in the streets. This defined by a grid pattern of streets (Figure 3.d - Preputs an unusual burden on the streets in front of World War II Neighborhood - Page 34). Most pre-war houses or businesses and contributes to the probneighborhoods include a range of residential densilems of overuse and overcrowding on the street~. ties. Medium- and high-density apartment buildings are often located at intersections on major streets, Recommendations - The Master Plan recommends with medium-density duplexes providing a transition that overall existing densities in pre-war neighborto single-family homes on small lots. Many pre-war hoods be maintained and that rehabilitation of exneighborhoods also include a mix of uses, with shops isting structures and new infill development be and other small businesses located on major streets. encouraged. Instead of converting single-family This mix of uses works well, as long as non-residenhomes to multifamily use, higher residential densitial uses are small in scale and maintain a clear peties should be incorporated in the pattern characterdestrian orientation. istic of older neighborhoods by locating small • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 34 • �apartment (or condominium) buildings on major streets. In some locations, where adequate parking is available, accessory units (known as "granny flats") may also be created on single family parcels. Finally, ample opportunities exist to add higher density housing in areas proposed for mixed-use in the city's older neighborhoods. These include traditional business areas and neighborhood and village mixed-use centers (see Mixed-Use Neighborhoods, below). To relieve the pressure on and "de-clutter" existing streets and the front yards of residential areas, reinforce alley usage and promote alley improvement projects. Alleys can play an important role to improve circulation and services for compact residential and commercial areas. An initial assessment of neighborhood character has identified three types of older neighborhoods in Grand Rapids: Turn-of-the-Century; Streetcar Suburb and Garden City Suburb. The approximate boundaries and distinguishing characteristics of each of these neighborhood types are illustrated in Figure 10.a - Neighborhood Character Types Map - Page 120 and Figure 10.b- Community Character Types - Page 121. This information provides a starting point for preparing design standards (mandatory) and/ or guidelines (advisory) that communicate expectations for the quality, character and compatibility of new development, and the rehabilitation of existing structures, in each type of neighborhood. Post,World War II Neighborhoods Characteristics - The city's newer (post-World War 11) neighborhoods present a more suburban lifestyle choice where housing, commercial and institutional uses are built at lower densities on larger lots with deeper setbacks. Larger areas are devoted to a single use or housing type and housing is more segregated from commercial and institutional uses. In post-war neighborhoods, blocks are generally larger, streets are wider and the street network is less connected with many cul-de-sacs; as a result, traffic tends to be concentrated on major streets rather than distributed in smaller volumes throughout the area (Figure 3.e Post-World War Il Neighborhood - Page 35). While the majority of residential development in post-war neighborhoods is low-density, they also include large medium and high-density housing complexes. These higher density developments can create a stark contrast to surrounding single family neighborhoods. They are most often treated as segregated pods that are buffered by substantial building setbacks and attached to a major street at a limited number of entrance points. For many people, the presence of these large high-density concentrations in single family areas has created a bias against higher density development and rental housing. Figure 3.e, Post,World War II Neighborhood Recommendations - The Master Plan recommends an alternative approach to providing an expanded range of housing choices and higher residential densities in post-war neighborhoods, without encroaching on existing single family areas. This approach recommends restructuring existing commercial areas as mixed-use centers that include retail, services, higher density housing and civic uses in a compact, walkable area located on a transit line (see Mixed-Use Neighborhoods - Page 36). Two types of post-war neighborhoods in Grand Rapids are illustrated in Figure 10.a - Neighborhood Character Types Map - Page 120 and Figure 10.b - Community Character Types - Page 121. Again, this information should be used as a starting point in preparing standards and/or guidelines that maintain overall patterns of density and scale in existing neighborhoods and promote compatibility in site planning and design. • Page 35 • Plan Grand Rapids • Great Neighborhoods - Chapter 3 Q �Figure 3.f - Mixed-Use Neighborhood Mixed-Use Neighborhoods Characteristics -A third neighborhood type is emerging in Grand Rapids. These are the areas in and near Downtown where commercial, institutional and industrial buildings and sites have been adaptively reused for a mix of housing, offices and retail (Figure 3.f - Mixed-Use Neighborhood - Page 36). The North Monroe and Heartside areas are examples of this mixed-use neighborhood type. Recommendations - The potential for new housing as a key component of mixed-use development extends far beyond the adaptive reuse of older buildings. The Master Plan recommends mixed-use development as the future land use pattern in a number of areas to capitalize on opportunities to: • Restructure existing commercial concentrations located on transit Unes in both pre- and post-war neighborhoods as compact, walkable mixed-use centers (shown as neighborhood, village and subregional centers in Figure 2.a - Future Land Use Map - Page 21). See also, Chapter 4 - Vital Business Districts - Page 4 7. • Enhance the vitality of older strip commercial areas (shown as traditional business areas in Figure 2.a - Future Land Use Map - Page 21). See also, Chapter 4 - Vital Business Districts - Page 47. • Transform near downtown and riverfront areas, now dominated by industrial and heavy commercial development (shown as mixed-use in Figure 2.a - Future Land Use Map - Page 21). See also, Chapter 5 - A Strong Economy - Page 63 and Chapter 7 -A City that Enriches Our Lives - Page 89. • Plan for institutional expansion on Downtown's edges in a way that provides more compatible transitions to existing neighborhoods in use intensity and building scale. See also, Chapter 5 A Strong Economy - Page 63. Q Chapter 3 - Great Neighborhoods • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 36 • This mixed-use neighborhood approach will encourage the distribution of higher density and rental housing for a range of incomes (including affordable housing) in smaller concentrations throughout the city. It will also allow more compatible transitions in use and intensity to be established between commercial uses and existing lower density single family development. In addition, it will help to concentrate travel origins and destinations within easy walking distance of transit routes to support more effective operation and improved service (see also, Chapter 6 Balanced Transportation - Page 75). Encouraging mixed-use development is a critical part of the equation for creating a human scale, walkable and transit-supportive city. But it cannot and does not - mean that "anything goes anywhere." All mixed-use development areas (and especially those that include existing or new residential development) must be carefully planned to provide a quality environment that celebrates the diversity, vitality and convenience of urban living. Creating a compatible mix of uses requires careful planning and design to provide incremental transitions in use intensity and building scale, coherence in architectural design and a pedestrian-friendly public realm. Performance standards that control, or prohibit, external impacts that can reduce the quality of life, for example, noise, odor, truck traffic and the location and design of surface parking, are also needed. To demonstrate how these issues can be addressed, recommended development objectives for all proposed mixed-use areas are presented in Figure 3.g Development Objectives for All Mixed-Use Areas - Page 37. More detailed descriptions of the purpose and recommended uses for eacl1 type of mixed-use area are provided in Figure 3.h- Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special Considerations for Mixed-Use Areas - Page 38. The ideas presented in these Figures provide the recommended starting point for developing new mixed-use zoning classifications. In addition, devel- �Figure 3.g .. Development Objectives for All Mixed-Use Areas* Development Character Uses Transportation and Parking Balance of Old and New Mix Street System • Determine where existing development character should be protected and enbanced and where different land use patterns should be permitted. • EncoUiage investment to enhance already developed industrial, commercial and institutional areas. • Maintain or create a connected street system co define relatively small blocks and to distribute traffic. • Provide a fine-grained mix of housing, shopping, jobs and recreation opportunities. • Discourage street closures. Encourage the preservation and reuse of historically and ard1itecturally significant buildings, wherever possible. Building Pattern (Density, Scale and Placement) • Improve the visual quality and walkability of all area streets. Residential • Promote urban densities and a compact development pattern. • Provide a range of housing types and costs to accommodate a variety of incomes, ages and lifestyle choices. • Provide incremental transitions in use intensity and building scale to promote a compatible land use mix. • Enhance market support for retail concentrations by increasing the resident population within walking distance. • Locate buildings to frame the street and screen parking. Auto-Oriented Commercial Smaller scale auto-oriented uses (gas stations, drive-through businesses) may be acceptable as pan of a mixed-use area when: • Orient building entries, windows and/or storefronts co the street. Architecture • Promote design excellence. • Design new buildings to be compatible with valued characteristics of the existing development context. • Provide ground level storefronts for retail and service uses on pedestrian priority streets in retail/mixed-use core areas. Open Space and Streetscapes • a concentration/ proliferation of auto-oriented use will not be created; • ldentify streets on which a quality pedestrian environment is a top priority (pedestrian priority streets). Balanced Transportation • Reduce dependence on d1e auromobile and the need for onsite parking by encouraging the use of transportation alternatives, including transit, cycling and walking. • Include transit improvements (bus pull-out lanes, benches, shelters) on transit corridors. • Provide bike lanes and ocher cycling improvements, giving priority to tbe primary open space framework. • pedestrian orientation and safety are ensured within the core of a mixed-use center or traditional business area; • Design streets to be safe and attractive for pedestrians, giving special attention to pedestrian priority streets. • driveway curb cuts can be located and designed to minimize the disruption of pedestrian movement; and • Reinforce the role and importance of alleys in providing services to residential and commercial areas, e.g. garbage collection, utilities and parking. • appropriate architecture, signs, screening elements are used. Large Footprint Uses Large footprint non-residential uses may be acceptable as part of a mixed-use area when: Parking • Provide open spaces that serve as activity focal points and enhance area image. • Create links from neighborhoods to the primary open space system and d1e Grand River. • a human scale and continuity of activity can be created/ maintained on pedestrian priority treets; and • Offer reductions in dle required number of parking spaces as a development incentive. • Encourage streetscape improvements that create a walkable environment. • pedestrian quality and neighborhood integrity can be preserved in meeting parking needs. • Provide bonuses for deck parking, where appropriate. Light Industry Ensure compatibility with the intended character of dle area by requiring special approval for the development of new and expanded light industry. Performance Standards Minimize the external impact of high intensity uses on one another and the quality of residential environments (including hours of operation, noise, odor, vibration, glare, truck traffic, the location and design of surface parking and loading/trash collection activity) by establishing performance standards. • Encourage the development of shared and/or district parking. • Locate parking to the rear of buildings and on the interior of blocks, screened from the street, wherever possible. • Design parking facilities to minimize impacts on the area's visual character and residential uses. Transportation Demand Management • Encourage job-generating uses to adopt transportation demand management (TOM) programs that provide incentives for employees to carpool, use transit, walk or cycle to work. • Encourage employer-assisted housing programs to encourage/ en.able employees to purchase homes within walking distance of work. *See also requirements for collaborative area-specific planning, Chapter 11 • Area-Specific Plans - Page 151. • Page37 • Plan Grand Rapids • Great Neighborhoods - Chapter 3 G) �Figure 3.h .. Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special Considerations for Mixed--Use Areas Types A. Near Downtown General Purpose Recommended Uses To encourage mixed-use development that serves as an extension of and complement to the Downtown area. • A mix of medium- low, medium- and high-density residential uses; retail; service; office; hotel; entertainment; cultural and institutional uses is encouraged. Special Considerations • Residential uses are considered an essential component of this mixed-use type. • Light industry may be appropriate with special approval. B. Riverfront To capitalize on the value of the Grand River as a valuable econom.ic, recreational and environmental asset. • A mix of medium- and high-density residential; offices and public educational and cultural uses is encouraged. • The use of riverfront land for surface parking lots should be prohibited. • Residential uses are considered essential and should be given priority on the river's edge. • Open space and public access to and along the Grand River should be emphasized. • Restaurants and other retail and service commercial uses are encouraged as accessory uses located in the same structure as a primary use. • Open space setbacks of a minimum of25' should be provided along the riverfront to permir the extension of the riverwalk. • Light industry may be appropriate with special approval; however, new industrial development on the riverfront west of Monroe Avenue should be discouraged. • Auto-oriented uses (gas station, car wash, drive through) should be discouraged. • Public access should also be provided through side yard setbacks located perpendicular to the river; these corridors should be located at intervals of approximately 500 feet. • Open space should be given priority adjacent to bridges and at the riverfront termini of selected east-west streets. • Near West Side area-specific plans should anticipate the extension of7'h and/ or 8th Streets under the US-13 l embankment and the improvement of the pedestrian tunnel at 10"' St. • Boulevard treatments should be considered on Monroe Avenue and Front Street. --- - - - - - - - - - ! - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -• C. Downtown and NearDowntown Institutions To allow for the expansion of institu• tional (including educational, medical and life science) uses as part of a mixeduse area that protects neighborhood edges and creates walkable streets. • A mix of educational or hospital facilities; medical clinics and medical or scientific labs; offices and medium-low, medium-and high-density residential development is encouraged. • Retail businesses and services for employees, patients, visitors and residents are encouraged as accessory uses located in the same structure as a primary use. • Establish a pedestrian orientation along major streets, including generous sidewalk widths, appropriately articulated and detailed architecture and ground level storefronts for retail and service uses. • Smaller scale auto-oriented uses may also be appropriate under the conditions suggested in the development objectives for all mixed-use areas. D. Corridor Residential and Traditional Business Area (TBA) Connectors To encourage medium and higher density residential on shallow, difficult co market parcels on strip commercial corridors and as connectors between traditional business area (TBA) cores. • A mix of medium- and high-density residential development, residentially scaled office and live/ work buildings is encouraged. • Encourage multi-story, rather than single story, buildings. • Office and residential development may incorporate retail and service uses as an accessory ground floor use fronting on a major or regional street. • Live/work buildings may contain office, showroom/gallery, workshop, studio or similar spaces on the ground floor with residential units above. - - - --!-- - -- - - - -- - -- ------+-- ------------------------------+-------------------- • E. Commercial To encourage the restructuring of existing commercial areas as compact, walkable centers that include a mix of commercial, civic and residential uses and serve as a focus of neighborhood activity. • A mix of civic, retail, service and restaurant use, office and high-density residential is encouraged. • Small scale auto-oriented uses may be acceptable under the conditions suggested in Figure 3.g - Development Objectives for All Mixed-Use Areas - Page 37. Q Chapter 3 - Great Neighborhoods • Plan Grand Rapids • Page38 • �Figure 3.h .. Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special Considerations for Mixed-Use Areas General Purpose Recommended Uses Special Considerations Neighborhood Mixed-Use Center and Traditional Business Area (TBA) Cores To encourage the restructuring of existing commercial areas as compact, walkable centers that include a mix of commercial, civic and residential uses and serve as a focus of neighborhood activity. • A mix of civic, retail, service and restaurant uses on the ground floor, with office and medium and high-density residential on the upper stories, is encouraged. • A transit stop and a public gathering place (small park, square or plaza) are considered essential elements of mixed-use center cores. These features are also desirable in TBA cores. Mixed-Use Center Edges To provide an appropriate transition to existing single family neighborhoods. • Medium- and high-density residential development should be located closest to the core or inner ring (see below). A mix of medium-low and medium-density residential development should transition to lower densities at the edges of the mixed-use center adjacent to existing single family neighborhoods. Village and Sub-Regional Mixed-Use Center Inner Rings To accommodate larger-footprint retail and job-generating uses and higher residential densities as part of a mixed-use center. Types • The clustering of retail shops to create a clear destination is encouraged. • Smaller scale auto-oriented uses may be acceptable at the edge of the core under the conditions sugge ted in development objectives for all mixed-use areas. • Restructuring of existing commercial areas as mixed-use centers will require significant redevelopment. ln contrast, an emphasis on adaptive reuse and new construction that is compatible with the existing developed context is anticipated in TBAs. --~-----------~------------------~---------+------------~----~ - ! opment guidelines for selected examples of mixeduse development, as well as guidelines for higher density residential development, are presented in Chapter 10 - Development Character - Page 117. Illustrations of how plan recommendations and guidelines might be applied in several proposed mixed-use areas in Grand Rapids are provided in Supplement B. These Master Plan tools provide the basis for undertaking more detailed area-specific plans for each proposed mixed-use area to determine where existing development (both residential and non-residential) should be protected and enhanced and where future redevelopment should be encouraged. These more detailed planning efforts, undertaken with the collaboration of the city, developers, area land owners, residents and business owners, are essential in establishing a foundation for successful mixed-use development. • A mix of medium- and high-density residential, live/ work units, larger footprint retail uses (grocery, cinema), free-standing offices, other work places with a high employee to floor area ratio, medical clinics, chools and churches are appropriate in the inner ring. ' 3.3.3 - Coordinating Density with Transit To further the objective of creating a transit-supportive city, the future location of new medium- and highdensity residential development should be coordinated with the alignment of existing and proposed transit routes (Figure 6.c - Transportation Framework Plan: Streets Map - Page 80). In the recent past, many higher density residential developments have been located where transit service is limited and jobs, shopping and services are not located within walking distance (approximately¼ mile). As a result, residents of those developments must rely almost exclusively on their cars, increasing traffic volumes and exacerbating congestion problems on adjacent roadways. The Master Plan recommends that new mediumand high-density residential development be directed • Page 39 • to areas that are (or will be) well served by transit and/ or are within or adjacent to the mixed-use development areas recommended on the Future Land Use Map. (These include Downtown and near Downtown areas, the riverfront, traditional business areas and neighborhood, village and sub-regional centers). Because proposed neighborhood, village and sub-regional centers are located on important existing and proposed transit routes, higher residential densities in these locations will result in a concentration of travel origins and destinations that can increase ridership to support more efficient transit operation and improvements in service (Chapter 6 - Balanced Transportation - Page 75). The Master Plan also recommends that higher density residential redevelopment be encouraged on shallow parcels located on strip commercial corridors, for example, on 28th Street, South Division Avenue Plan Grand Rapids • Great Neighborhoods - Chapter 3 Q �j and Michigan Street. These shallow parcels are often hard to market for commercial use because of their limited depth. In addition, compatible transitions between commercial development and adjacent low-density housing are difficult to achieve. Higher density residential use, on the other hand, can fit comfortably on these parcels to create a more compatible edge for existing neighborhoods and a 24hour presence on business district streets, as well as capitalizing on existing transit routes. ... Arterial '-. Transit - - - - - - - - - -~ Stop,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ Retail Mixed Use Stable Neighborhoods 3.3.4 .,. Continuous Neighborhood Reinvestment Office or Live/Work Units New medium and high,density residential development should be directed to areas that are (or will be) welt served by transit and/ or ate within or adjacent to mixed-use development areas. G) Chapter 3 - Great Neighborhoods Figure 3.i - Neighborhood Characteristics and Preservation Tools/Strategies A choice in neighborhood types is an asset, as long as there is continuous reinvestment in the housing stock and infrastructure of all neighborhoods. Preserving the stability of strong neighborhoods and revitalizing neighborhoods that are experiencing the stresses of age and disinvestment are high priorities in Grand Rapids. The Master Plan recommends that the city work in collaboration with neighborhood stakeholders to assess physical and demographic conditions and to prepare more detailed area-specific plans for stabilization and/or improvement. TI1ese plans will need to address a range of issues that go well beyond physical development, such as, organizational capacity building, community policing and/ or programs for youth and the underemployed. (See also Chapter 5 -A Strong Economy - Page 63 and Chapter 9 - Partnerships - Page 109). Each neighborhood is best qualified to assess its current condition and its place on a continuum from "stable" to "challenged." Figure 3.i - Neighborhood Characteristics and Preservation Tools/Strategies - Page 40 presents a summary of characteristics and related preservation strategies that can serve as a starting point in determining whi.ch combination of strategies is most appropriate in maintaining or improving the stability of each neighborhood. • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 40 • Defining Characteristics • • • • • High owner occupancy Well managed rentals Good construction and maintenance quality Stable/ increasing housing value "First choice" neighborhood Tools/Strategies • • • • • Promote traffic calming and walkability, as appropriate Establish/ enforce housing maintenance codes Support historic preservation efforts where appropriate Maintain infrastructure Support neighborhood-based organization and collaborative planning �Figure 3.i., Neighborhood Characteristics and Preservation Tools/Strategies Neighborhoods in Transition Declining/Improving Neighborhoods Challenged Neighborhoods Defining Characteristics Defining Characteristics Defining Characteristics • • • • • Decline or increase in owner and long-term occupancy • Increasing conversion of single-family to multifamily rental (or the reverse); absentee landlords • Moderate quality construction and poo r or improving maintenance • Declining or rising values • Deteriorated structures; vacant buildings • Not a "first choice" neighborhood; working to become one • More rental than ownership; absentee landlords • Moderate quality construction and poor maintenance • More deteriorated structures and vacant buildings; vacant lots Lowest property values • Neighborhood of least choice l-ligh owner occupancy Moderate to good quality construction and maintenance Some poorly managed rentals Stable to slightly decreasing/increasing values Losing/gaining ground as a "first choice" neighborhood Tools/Strategies All of the previous Tools/Strategies, plus: • Promote home ownership • Expand low-interest loan programs for maintenance and rehabilitation • Restrict conversions to multifamily • Register/ regularly inspect rental units; work with landlords to improve maintenance and management • Organize/ support neighborhood organizations; provide planning technical assistance • Provide community policing Tools/Strategies All of the previous Tools/ Strategies, plus: • Provide low interest maintenance and repair loans • Consider tax freeze/ abatement on renovation/ imprm·ements • Bring tax delinquent properties to non-profits more quickly • Consider reverse equity program for seniors • Consider acquisition of problem rental properties • Acquire key sites for rehabilitation, demolition and infill based on adopted design guidelines • Repair/ resurface streets, sidewalks, lighting • Maintain/ improve parks • Page41 • Tools/Strategies All of the previous Tools/Strategies, plus: • Provide low interest infill development loans • More aggressive acquisition and clearing of deteriorated structures and vacant lots for infill • Strategic assembly of parcels/blocks for infill or redevelopment • City-sponsored clean-up efforts • Infrastructure improvements coordinated with redevelopment • Conver ion to non-residential use • C learance and assembly for redevelopment • Coordinated infrastructure improvements Plan Grand Rapids • Great Neighborhoods - Chapter 3 G) �I median= pedestrian refuq e /Uustrations from Street Classification Policy 3.3.5 .- Focus on Walkability O'> C: >- -u 3a co Ill "'Q Ill 0 OL 5 All Grand Rapids citizens want neighborhoods that are safe and appealing for people on foot and bicycles, as well as in cars. Many would also like to live within walking distance of shopping, parks, schools and churches so that they have the option of having fewer cars or leaving their cars at home. Both the design of the city's streets and the planning of its future land use patterns can contribute to walkability. Street Design The city has already established recommended guidelines to better balance the use of space within public street rights-of-way to create an attractive environment for walking and biking, as well as movement corridors for cars and trucks. These guidelines are presented in the Street Classification Policy (1996). Land Use Patterns Neighborhoods can be more walkable if they incorporate a mix of uses like Downtown and pre-World 0 Chapter 3 - Great Neighborhoods • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 42 • War II neighborhoods already do. Many of these older neighborhoods include business districts, typically along former streetcar routes, that were built before car ownership was widespread. These traditional business areas were designed to create a human scale and be pedestrian orientated. Although some of these characteristics have been eroded over time, the original traditional business area provides a model for walkability that can be restored and replicated in the future. The idea of organizing development into compact mixed-use centers offers an alternative to the more familiar auto-dependent pattern of lining mile after mile of the city's roadways with strip commercial development. Adopting this alternative land use pattern as a strategy for re-structuring commercial areas in both pre- and post-World War II neighborhoods is one of the Master Plan's most important recommendations. (See Chapter 4 - Vital Business Districts Page 47) �the surrounding context; incorporate site planning and architectural design principles in zoning and building codes. Objective GN 1 Document and market the amenities Grand Rapids offers (for example, convenience, cultural and recreational assets and housing choice) as a competitive residential location within the region. f. Recognize the importance of alleys in urban neighborhoods and promote alley improvement projects. oeeoeo: Objective GN 3 Promote a broad range of high quality housing choices. Objective GN 2 Provide a choice in neighborhood types. Plwro courte;')' of ArtWorks Expanded Visioru 2001 youth apprenticeship progmm. 3~4 ~ Objectives and Policies The following objectives and policies summarize what should be done to achieve the vision and plan recommendations presented on the preceding pages so that Grand Rapids becomes a city of "great neighborhoods" and a residential location of choice for many types of households in the metropolitan region. Above each objective is a line of theme icons. The icons illustrate how a particular objective is interrelated with another Master Plan theme. See Page 24 for a description of each theme. a. Protect the character of existing neighborhoods by maintaining overall existing residential densities and building patterns. b. Build on the special assets of older neighborhoods by encouraging housing rehabilitation and establishing and administering building and maintenance codes that encourage renovation and improve housing quality. c. Encourage the preservation and reuse of historically and architecturally significant structures/ areas. d. Encourage mixed-use development in the areas identified on the Future Land Use Map to expand the range of neighborhood choices within the city (Figure 2.a- Future Land Use Map-Page 21 and Figure 3.h - Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special Considerations for Mixed-Use Areas - Page 38). a. Maintain and increase the number and variety of housing units (e.g., owner-occupied and rental serving young adults, seniors, low- and moderate-income households, special needs populations, middle and upper income households) to meet the diverse needs of existing residents and to attract new residents to the city. b. Allow for new housing products: for example, small-lot single-family housing, site condominiums, live/work units, upper story residences in commercial districts and "granny flats" (accessory apartments) in single family neighborhoods where adequate parking can be provided. c. Allow for a range of housing types within all neighborhoods to provide residents the opportunity to progress through various life stages while maintaining their attachment to a particular area of the city. e. Develop area-specific plans, standards and guidelines that promote the compatibility of new development and rehabilitation projects with the existing density and visual character of • Page 43 • Plan Grand Rapids • Great Neighborhoods - Chapter 3 Q �Considerations for Mixed-Use Areas - Page 38 and Figure 4.b - Hierarchy of Mixed-Use Centers - Page 56.) Objective GN 4 Objective GN 6 Encourage racial, ethnic and income diversity within neighborhoods. Provide quality rental housing. a. Encourage the development of affordable, midprice and upper-end rental housing throughout the city, while discouraging the conversion of single-family homes to multifamily use. a. Ensure equal access to housing opportunity consistent with federal, state and local fair housing laws. b. Encourage a mix of affordable, mid-price and upper-end housing choices across the city through a combination of preservation, rehabilitation and new construction. b. Work with landlords to improve the maintenance and management of existing rental property to protect property values. c. Involve both landlords and tenants in improving rental housing quality. c. Maintain affordable home ownership and rental opportunities in revitalizing neighborhoods. Objective GN 5 Support home ownership. a. Encourage affordable housing construction by working with non-profits and area financial institutions to increase funding commitments for home mortgages and home improvements, rehabilitation and infill. d. Educate tenants about their rights, landlord responsibilities and the rights of surrounding property owners. c. Encourage higher density residential development in revitalizing existing traditional business areas. (See Mixed-use Type D in Figure 3.h - Page 38.) d. Encourage the introduction of higher density residential development to better utilize shallow parcels on strip commercial corridors and to create improved transitions between single family neighborhoods and major streets (see, for example, 28'" Street and Michigan Street on the Future Land Use Map, Figure 2.a - Page 21). Objective GN 8 "-' "&·· e- Collaborate with neighborhoods, business organizations, institutions and other key stakeholders in planning and development decisions. Locate new higher density residential development to capitalize on transit and improve land use transitions. a. Support active neighborhood and business organizations and collaboration with faith-based and non-profit organizations. a. Locate higher residential densities on transit routes and within walking distance of business areas. b. Encourage business, resident and institutional collaboration in preparing area-specific plans that balance neighborhood values, business expansion and economic development needs. .... Objective GN 7 b. Provide homebuyer education. c. Offer loan assistance programs for maintenance, repair and rehabilitation to low- and moderateincome home owners. d. Encourage area businesses and institutions to develop/participate in employer-assisted home ownership programs. Q Chapter 3 - Great Neighborhoods • Plan Grand Rapids b. Encourage the restructuring of existing commercial areas as more compact, mixed-use, pedestrian and transit-oriented centers that include higher density residential development. (See proposed neighborhood, village and sub-'fegional mixed-use centers on the Future Land Use Map, Figure 2.a - Page 21. See aLso the descriptions of mixed-use areas in Figure 3 .g - Development Objectives for All Mixed-Use Areas - Page 37, Figure 3.h - Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special • Page 44 • c. With community participation, develop and implement strategies and tools to address neighborhoods of varying levels of stability. d. Undertake targeted, comprehensive neighborhood improvement programs. e. Encourage institutions to plan for modernization and expansion in cooperation with adjacent neighborhood and business organizations. �1 Objective GN 9 Maximize the positive impact of public investment in development projects. a. Support coordinated and targeted public, private and non-profit neighborhood revitalization efforts for maximum impact. I 080080: Objective GN 11 / Make streets a neighborhood asset. a. Design streets to provide a safe and appealing environment for people on foot and on bicycles, as well as in cars. 6. Encourage safe speeds on neighborhood streets to enhance safety for drivers and residents. b. Use public investments strategically to promote stabilization and private investment in neighborhoods in need of improvement. c. Slow traffic through physical design. c. Leverage desired private investment with public investments in improving the quality of the public realm (streets, streetscapes, open spaces). d. Provide safe and appealing pedestrian and bicycle zones on appropriate residential streets and to link neighborhoods. Objective GN 10 e. Provide/maintain a street improvement, tree planting and maintenance program in cooperation with developers, property owners and neighborhood and business organizations. ,..~~~ "-'~'-'., Promote walkable neighborhoods by encouraging the development of a connected street system and allowing for a mix of uses. a. Preserve the connected street system edged by sidewalks in older neighborhoods, and provide for street and sidewalk connections where new development is planned, to make walking and cycling feasible and attractive options. b. Encourage the development of more compact, unified and walkable business districts that provide a mix of uses (retail, office, entertainment and higher density residential) in a well-designed pedestrian-oriented environment. • d. Secure abandoned buildings; hold owners accountable for, and assist where appropriate in, their timely rehabilitation and reuse (or demolition). Objective GN 13 Enhance neighborhood recreational opportunities. a. Encourage the provision of parks, public squares and other safe and attractive gathering places in all neighborhoods. b. Maintain city-school partnerships to provide neighborhood park and open space opportunities. c. Develop and operate recreation centers in different areas of the city. d. Design parks to optimize diverse use in response to community and neighborhood needs and preferences. f. Support the use of alleys for service functions and promote alley improvement projects. Objective GN 14 Objective GN 12 Recognize the important role of neighborhood schools in building and maintaining communities. Provide safe neighborhoods. a. Support active neighborhood organizations, effective community policing and neighborhood watch programs to ensure safety in all city neighborhoods. a. Capitalize on neighborhood school ' potential to serve as points of delivery for a range of family support, youth development and recreation services. b. Light streets and alleyways. c. Follow the principles (territoriality, surveillance and access control) of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) to encourage the design of safer built environments. • Page 45 • b. Develop partnerships between the public schools, neighborhoods, area bu iness organizations and institutions of higher learning to enhance the quality of facilities and equipment; and improve educational outcomes for all students. Plan Grand Rapids • Great Neighborhoods - Chapter 3 Q �4~0 ~ Vital Business Districts 4~ 1 _. Introduction Vital business districts are critical components of a livable city and a strong economy. Great neighborhoods and vital business districts go hand~in~hand; one cannot succeed without the success of the other. The choices that are made in locating and designing business districts are also important factors in creating a walkable city and supporting transit. • Page47 • Plan Grand Rapids • Vital Business Districts - Chapter 4 8 �4.2.1 .. A Healthy Downtown Downtown Grand Rapids will remain West Michigan's center for government, commerce, education, the arts, entertainment and health. Because Downtown will be lively, safe, clean and green its residential population will grow ubstantially to enhance our city's image as a "people place." Our central city will be a beacon that draws people into the community and brings them together to promote civility and responsibility. The strength of our central core will be a significant factor in our city's economic success, as well as that of the metropolitan region. What Makes a Business District Vital? The citizens of Grand Rapids expressed the following beliefs in what makes a vital business district. • Business variety is necessary to maintain a healthy business district. • High volumes oflow speed traffic are good for bLL~messes. • Available parking is essential to the success of businesses. • Good pedestrian environments in business areas compliment good automobile access. • A good network of streets promotes easy access and often attracts businesses to an area. • [t is important for the city to keep older business areas viral. Community forum parricipants. t~ Issue: • The character of buildings contributes to the success of some business areas. • The success oflocal businesses is tied to the success of a neighborhood. • It makes sense to build new buildings or to modernize old buildings. • Older businesses are often neighborhood landmarks with a loyal customer base. • Destination businesses attract customers who will also shop in surrounding stores. • In order to be successful, businesses have to be seen. • It is goo<l to do business with people you know. A number of business areas of the city are faced with empty storefronts, strong competition from suburban "big box" chain stores and property maintenance issues. There are many opportunities, however, for success. A comprehensive strategy to revitalize a district that includes fa<;ade improvements, marketing, complementary uses, improving walkability/accessibility, parking solutions, and business retention/recruitment efforts is important. - - 8 . il; fopiC: l?e::c;;,;oll.)+\L t?c:~>-°ELi°1~ 4.2 ~ Visions One of the first steps of the master plan process was to ask the citizens of Grand Rapids what they would like to see the city look like twenty years from now. At the first community forum more than 300 people came together to discuss the future of Grand Rapids. Their discussion was guided by the information gathered during a series of neighborhood and business association meetings and discussion guide responses collected in the first two months of the planning process. Eleven major categories summarized key issues and provided participants a variety of discussion topics from which to choose. The beliefs and issues used at the forum were developed from the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats identified previously. Statements and images that described a vision, or preferred future, for Grand Rapids were then created by forum participants in small groups. The following visions emerged. Chapter 4 - Vital Business Districts • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 48 • !P_e,c (.E:"iJ""TT=A L- _.,.;>-, :::::ll\\,'\lfL_ f'E'«.v: FX'fE~ G7 i!'> Jtl"' I -&,,,.Cd,/ -1\lp.., -P t<.N..h 'n:°ai'<c i ,-.I 6,..,- ~ 'BK,~ -J+ii,, -Ci, be1tlce..,A..0 fKo,wrc, C,11, 1-;~ {? //C:Jbl-!..-.&,L\Ty t/ Al:I{ libtl'J 'f:./iST5 +•JolJ<o 'il/le NAT\tl<AL.. '?:.~J;fu) '1.C,.!;"" K\\~l 1'1C•IT ;::,J bl,·, 1.1 1',/ltl", ..,,,,. ~.~ f\.V: l Vision Statement Posters are from the first Master Plan Community Forum held at Central High School in March 2001. �~ · 4.2.3 - The Public Realm Topic: -------------- f._~ Issue: Al u.le ..:U h._,. d..Off.J, ~ •;D ll<'1" 700 M•c" !oul ,.f.;/ J;J,;d; - AAl,U,(. ..,... ~ fl<\l,l,,<,& .,.a::,~, "'°1""" ,9,_,,"'-,.,..1i..1.1.. ~,:..JJ.i ,;I;,.., S. __,... , .\ll,. f~ .... ~i... -'~ 'flt,., ,..,i. ,•• -➔ -11<.~ Jit.,. ~--,, ,;~ "'l,11.,L..l ...it J 4t...- ,l.,,i...,. ..c,j, .,,;I<.,+ ... .;. C.Q, Vision Statement Picture/Symbol - - - - ' - - ' - - - - - - - - Wade-TrfmTeam 4.2.2 - Vitality Grand Rapids' diverse businesses will meet the needs of neighborhoods, the larger community and the region. We will be especially proud of the large number of locally owned small businesses that emphasize customer service. We will succeed in redeveloping and reusing vacant and underutilized properties in our business districts by encouraging a mix of uses and compact commercial centers. Throughout much of the city, convenience shopping and services will be available within walking distance of neighborhoods. Businesses will cooperate in recruiting a mix of uses appropriate to the district, its adjacent neighborhoods and residents. Many neighborhood business districts will include upper story residential or office space in addition to ground level shops, restaurants and offices. Our neighborhood business districts will have streets that are clean, attractively landscaped, well lit and walkable. Wherever possible, the number of travel lanes will be reduced to slow traffic and provide onstreet parking. Additional parking will be provided to the rear or side of buildings to maintain a pedestrian scale on the street. This parking will serve the district as a whole, allowing visits to multiple shops from a single parking place. Street-level store windows will make walking interesting and add to a feeling of safety at night. Pocket parks and other outdoor gathering spots will add to the liveliness of each business area. Because the design of our business districts will be neighborhood- and pedestrian- friendly, they will serve as meeting places and focal points for community life. Property owners will cooperate to make sure that the design of buildings, fac;:ades and signs add to the unique and welcoming character of each district by coordinating these key design elements. These efforts will make our business districts both vibrant and beautiful. /!COm6 ~ !.'..~ We will make our business districts both vibrant and beautifu l. Topic: NEl(,HBO,:f,/coo BVS!NcSSes, Issue: ftl)e ovwry 571ltZT'5<Af'c Vision Statement _P_ic_tu_r_e/_S-ym_bo_l_ _ _ _ ....,T_ w.... • • Page 49 • Plan Grand Rapids • Vital Business Districts - Chapter 4 G �j Types and Scales of Commercial Use I Business districts are made up of a variety of commercial u.ses, such as on East Fulton where one can find pet food, pascries, frames and furniture. · 4~3 ~ Plan Recommendations To provide the bas is for achieving these visions, plan reco mmendations focus on the type and scale of uses and the character of development appropriate in Grand Rapids' existing business districts and propose new ideas for mixed-use development. These mixed-use business district types include: • Downtown; • near-Downtown and riverfront mixed-use areas; • traditional business areas (TBAs); • neighborhood, village and sub-regional mixeduse centers. e Scale and transportation orientation are important factors in determining compatible commercial development in different types of bu.siness districts. Chapter 4 - VitaL Business Districts • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 50 • Business districts are made up of a variety of commercial uses, including retail, restaurant, entertainment, service and office. These uses can be developed at a variety of scales (or sizes) and can be designed to emphasize access by automobiles and/or by people on foot. These considerations - scale and transportation orientation - are important in determining which kinds of commercial development fit compatibly into different types of business districts. For example, a retail use can take the form of a small shop ofless than 1,000 square feet or a "big box" discount store of over 200,000 square feet. The larger the commercial use, the larger the amount of parking and land area required to support it. Using typical suburban parking standards (1 parking spaces for every 200 square feet of usable building space), a retail shop of 1,000 square feet would require 5 parking spaces. In comparison, a "big box" of 200,000 square feet would require 1,000 parking spaces; about 7.5 acres of parking would be needed if these spaces were provided in a surface lot. Clearly, the scale of a commercial use, and the amount of off-street parking required by the city's zoning ordinance, should be factors in making decisions about land use and development character in Grand Rapids' bus iness districts (see Chapter 6 - Balanced Transportation - Page 75). �4.3.1 . . Transportation Orientation • Downtown; • near-Downtown and riverfront mixed-use areas; The scale of a commercial use helps to determine • traditional business areas (TBAs); how easily it can be designed to "fit" into a pedestrian-oriented business district and/or a neighbor• neighborhood, village and sub-regional mixedhood setting. But the transportation orientation of use centers. a commercial u e is also an important determining As noted throughout the Master Plan, the goal of factor. Some commercial uses, by the very nature of mixed-use development is to help create a human the products and services they offer, attract more auscale, walkable and transit-supportive city. To be suctomobile traffic and are more dependent on auto cessful, mixed-use areas mu t be carefully planned access than others. These uses include, for example, and designed to provide incremental transitions in drive-through restaurants, gas stations, repair shops, ' use intensity and building scale, coherence in archicar washes and new and LIiied car sales. Careful site tectural design and a pedestrian-friendly public realm. planning and architectural design can make even Performance standards are also needed to control large scale commercial uses (with large amounts of impacts (for example, noise and truck traffic) that off-street parking) and auto-oriented commercial uses can reduce the quality of life. The recommended more pedestrian-friendly; but a concentration of autoDevelopment Objectives for All Mixed-Use Areas (Figure oriented uses - or a poorly designed one at a critical 3.gPage 3 7), descriptions of the Purpose, Recommended location - can undermine the walkability of a busiUses and Special Considerations for Mixed-Use Areas (Figness district. ure 3.h- Page 38) and sample development guidelines To ensure that all Grand Rapids' business districts in Chapter 10 - Development Character - Page 117 probecome more walkable, and that the scale of develvide the basis for undertaking more detailed areaopment is compatible with the district context and specific plans for each proposed mixed-use area. nearby single family neighborhoods, it will be necesThese area-specific plans can determine where existsary to make distinctions among commercial uses ing development should be protected and enhanced 1 on the basis of scale and auto-orientation. The plan and where future redevelopment should be encourrecommendations presented on the following pages aged. These more detailed planning efforts, underdemonstrate how the e distinctions can be recogtaken with the collaboration of the city, area land nized and applied in making decisions on future land owners, developers, residents and business owners, use and development character in the different types are essential in establishing a foundation for successof business districts shown on the Future Land Use ful mixed-use development (see Chapter 11 - Area-SpeMap (see Figure 2.a, Page 21). These include a comcific Plans - Page 151). mercial land use classification that accommodates more suburban auto-oriented development and several mixed-use districts: 1 I • TI1e incNp(1ra1ion olTraJiti1,nal Ru~incs., District (TBA) anJ Urhan Busino:-- Oistrin (UBO) ~h.,-.ifh.:atiom in Ura1lll Ripids' 1.'.Um.'nt zonini? orJi1unce n·pre-cnts an important lir:-t ~rcp in rccogni:in~ that some sc.ilc~ and forms of commercial list" ,m: lc.ss compatibk· than others in hu.-.incss llisrrkr., ori{!inally huilr as hum.in si:alc and pcdt.·,man orientt.'\.I n)mmt.·ru;\I areas. Au>:mt·ntingand rdi.nin,e 1his tirststl'p will bt· an 1tnp..)rtanrt.1,k in n.-visinj!' the zoningorllinano.· h.\ irnpk·mt·nt the MA~tcr Plan':. recommc11Jarions • Page51 • Renewed Interest in Urban Shopping Retail development is now taking place in a climate of renewed interest in urban shopping. Barron's reported in August 1999 that shoppers are beginnmg to tire of enclosed malls, leading developers to experiment with open-air town square, or main street, shopping and entertainment districts. Many of these projects are located in suburbs, but still feature stores built to the sidewalk, curbside parking, and greater attention paid to the quality of public space. For developers, this trend ma, provide some hope more retailers are getting used to operating in a pedestrian-oriented environment. Traditional mall tenants such as the Gap and Banana Republic are increasingly opening stores on city streets, lured by lower rents, the absence of fees for mall maintenance and security, and the growing number of affluent empty-nesters who are returning to urban areas. Federal Realty, a real estate investment trust (REIT) that has developed New Urbanist projects, is spearheading this trend, as reported in Urban Land magazine in July, 1999. Federal's strategy has been to purchase large, multi-block developments and redevelop them into full-scale, mixed-use retail and office districts. One example is Bethesda Row in downtown Bethesda, Maryland which will include 512,500 square feet of retail and offices at completion. The first phases of Bethe da Row have already brought new pedestrian life to dmvntown, and care has been taken to maintain a mix of local, regional and national retailers and to encourage diversity in storefront design. Ex, ·crpt twm: \,,l'U L 'bantsm ttrul Tmd1t111nt.1I 1\'c!lg/i/i.orhood [.kn-lopm.cnt, © 20(\). Urh.m :,.J1,.'\\·~. hhal,l, ~y Plan Grand Rapids • Vital Business Districts - Chapter 4 C\I. 4D �• Downtown must be economically strong. ll,OICE£ VI~QNS • Downtown must be user-friendly. • To achieve our envisioned Downtown Grand Rapids, we must: - design Downtown, don't just let it happen; - do things right; PLANNING FOR DOWNTOWN - work together. In addition, over 30 proposals are presented for making Downtown a place where people want to live, work and play. These proposals address, among other topics: • expansion and promotion of arts and entertainment activities; View of Downtown from Ah,Nab-Awen Park. • the need to "green" Downtown and make it pedestrian-friendly; 4.3.2 , Downtown • the importance of downtown housing; The 1993 Voices & Visions plan for Grand Rapids' Downtown includes a "constitution" that presents the following goals for the downtown area. • the public sector's role as a partner and facilitator; • the importance of transit. • Downtown is the physical and spiritual heart of the metropolitan area. In order of priority, Voices & Visions also recommends focusing on the retention and recruitment of the following land uses as critical components of a downtown mixe<l-use district. • Downtown Grand Rapids is for everyone. • Downtown of the future should include the best of our past. • Public uses • Downtown is a place for pedestrians. • Retail • Development in Downtown must protect and enhance the natural environment. • Housing • Downtown reflects and celebrates our community's diversity. • Downtown decision-making must remain open and inclusive. Cl Chapter 4 - Vital Business Districts • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 52 • • Office users TI1is Master Plan builds on these recommendations for what Downtown can and should be, but focuses attention on the balance of the Grand Rapids community to define land use strategies that support and capitalize on Downtown's role as a regional mixeduse center. �4.3.3 . . Near Downtown and Riverfront Mixed.-U se Areas The growing strength and appeal of Downtown, as demonstrated by the ongoing transformation of the North Monroe and Heartside areas as mixed-use districts, can be a powerful catalyst for reinvestment in nearby areas. In turn, this reinvestment can help to provide a transition between Downtown's high intensity concentration of institutions, offices and entertainment opportunities and surrounding lower density neighborhoods. To accomplish this, the Master Plan recommends that neighborhood edges be respected and that mixed-use development be encouraged in existing institutional, commercial and industrial areas within and adjacent to Downtown, along the riverfront and on the Near West Side (see Figure 2.a - Future Land Use Map - Page 21). All commercial uses (retail, restaurant, hotel, entertainment, service and office) can be compatible components of near Downtown and riverfront mixeduse areas. The Development Objectives for All Mixed-Use Areas (Figure 3.g - Page 37), descriptions of the Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special Considerations for Mixed.Use Areas (Figure 3.h - Page 38) should serve as a starting point for area-specific planning. (See Chapter 5 - A Strong Economy - Page 63 and Chapter 7 - A City that Enriches Our Lives - Page 89.) 4.3.4 .,. Traditional Business Areas (TBAs) Grand Rapids pre-World War II neighborhoods contain fifteen proposed traditional business areas (TBAs) as illustrated in Figure 2.a - Future Land Use Map - Page 21. Today, these older strip commercial areas vary in length, appearance, land use mix and economic vitality. The Master Plan recommends that these TBAs be restored and revitalized by encouraging the restructuring of land use patterns and the recreation of a pedestrian-friendly environment. This 111111111 restructuring should recognize that the city has a disproportionate amount of commercial zoning along its main thoroughfares as a result of changing development trends. Commercial activity should be concentrated at strategic locations to increase economic benefits to each business district. The Boardwalk, formerly the Berke:, and Gay furniture factory, is part of the ongoing transformation in the North Monroe area. The Model TBA - Typically located along street car routes, TBAs were developed before lifestyles became so dependent on the automobile. They included a mix of civic and retail uses at street level, with apartments and/ or offices on the upper floors of multistory buildings. These buildings were located on the front property line and shared sidewalls (or were built with minimal side yard setbacks) to frame the street with a continuous "street wall." Buildings were typically 2 -3 stories in height and set on relatively narrow lots. Off-street parking was limited and located to the rear of the building. As a result, TBAs created a human-scale and pedestrian-friendly environment where retail, jobs and services were available within easy walking distance from many homes. In some TBAs, the addition of auto-oriented uses (for example, drive-through restaurants) and other suburban-style re-development (where parking lots, rather than buildings, are located adjacent to the side- • Page 53 • Restaurants are a compatible use in designated mixed-use areas. Plan Grand Rapids • Vital Business Districts - Chapter 4 e �believe that ample free parking is the key to economic success) creates tension between business owners wanting more parking and the need to preserve the pede trian orientation of the shopping street, on the one hand, and residents' concerns about commercial encroachment into neighborhoods, on the other. Maintaining buildings and storefronts at the edge of sidewalks is critical to the walkability of the TBA. Several strategies can help to reduce the amount of off-street parking needed within a TBA, however. These include, for example: • increasing the population living within easy walking distance of the TBA' s retail core; • improving pedestrian and bicycle connections to nearby neighborhoods; • maximizing on-street parking on the TBAs main street; • providing shared off-street parking to more efficiently meet the needs of the district overall; Retail or other active ground floor uses with offioe,residential, or other uses aboVe ~ • capitalizing on transit service to TBA's. - A human-scale and pedestrian friendly environment is desirable in a traditional business area. walk) have eroded some of the original pedestrian orientation and traditional architecture that characterized these areas. These changes have made people in Grand Rapids increasingly interested in preserving and restoring the qualities that made TBAs attractive, people-oriented places and focal points of neighborhood activity. Parking Issues - There are several difficult issues to be addressed in re-establishing the development character and economic vitality of these older business areas. Parking is one of them. TBA businesses typically occupied relatively shallow lots and originally offered only limited off-street parking. Today's <lependence on the automobile (and the tendency to 8 Chapter 4 - Vital Business Districts • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 54 • Nevertheless, in many TBA's, businesses and residents will have to explore ways to expand off-street parking. This can be accomplished in a way that creates better transitions between residential and nonresidential uses and compensates for the loss of any existing homes. One such solution, based on the idea of creating shared district parking edged by mediumdensity town homes or apartments is illustrated on this page and described in greater detail in Section 10.4 - Traditional Business Area - Page 127. Collaborative planning will be essential in defining the best solution for each TBA and its surrounding neighborhoods (see Chapter 11 - Area-Specific Plam - Page 151). �Retail Market Demand -A second important issue in planning for the future of Grand Rapids' TBAs is the market demand for the types of retail commercial space they offer. Many people believe that Grand Rapids may have more land zoned for these kinds of commercial uses than the market can support. Persistent vacancies in some business districts (as well as in some more recently constructed strip centers) and the conversion of storefront space to non-retail use suggest that this may be true. It may not be possible to recruit desirable tenants for every existing commercial building in every TBA. As a result, plan strategies are needed that encourage the clustering of retail uses to create shopping destinations in some portions of a TBA and redevelopment for supportive, non-retail uses in other areas. The cores and connectors concept, that proposes the creation of more compact retail/mixed-use centers (cores) at certain locations, linked by higher density residential/mixed-use (connectors) is recommended to address this need (Figure 4.a - Cores and Connectors - Page 55). The recommended uses for TBA cores are described in Figure 3.h - Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special Considerations for MixedUse Areas - Page 38; recommended uses for TBA connectors are those described for Mixed-Use Area Type D in the same Figure. (See Figure 3.g- Development Objectives for All Mixed-Use Areas - Page 37.) Both market analyses of retail potential and more detailed area-specific planning will be needed to determine the location and extent of each TBA's cores and connectors. These area-specific planning efforts should be collaborative, involving the city, area property owners, residents and business people. The restructuring needed to promote the future economic success of Grand Rapids' TBAs will be predominantly driven by tl1e private sector; nevertheless, public sector participation to provide technical and financial assistance supportive of private sector efforts may be required. CORE CORE CORE L □□ DCJCJ□.I L □□ CJCJCJ □.I L r □ DCJD □ D , r □□ DCJ □ CJ , CONNECTOR CONNECTOR Retail Management - The restoration, revitalization and continuing success of Grand Rapids' TBAs will require coordinated action on future land use patterns and physical improvements (streetscapes, parking, building rehab, signs). Just as important, business retention/recruitment, retail management, maintenance and promotion must be addressed. Like a successfully managed shopping mall, TBAs made up of many small, independent retailers need a coordinated, comprehensive and pro-active plan and a fullor part-time manager dedicated to making that plan work. Some of the market analysis needed to support this planning could be undertaken on a citywide basis - for example, to better understand the overall market for smaller retailers today and over time, as other plan recommendations for making the city a more competitive residential choice are implemented. A periodically updated base of information is also needed on retail space availability, rental and purchase prices and sales per square foot to allow entrepreneurs to develop business plans and qualify for loans. In addition, any incentives for retail reinvestment that may be offered by the public sector (including for example, low interest loans, assistance with utility upgrades and connections and/or assistance in providing shared parking) need to be defined and translated into programs with funding support. Priorities for targeting the use of these incentives will also be needed. • Page 55 • r Figure 4.a .. Cores and Connectors Core: Retail shops and restaurants in the core create a vital destination. Connector: Higher density housing and residentially scaled office (with possible ground floor retail) increase the population density within walking distance of the core. Plan Grand Rapids • Vital Business Districts - Chapter 4 e �4.3.5 , Mixed,Use Neighborhood, Village and Sub,Regional Centers The Master Plan recommends encouraging the restructuring of many of the city's existing commercial concentrations - in both pre- and post-war neighborhoods - into compact, walkable, mixed-use centers, particularly those located on transit routes. Many proposed mixed-use centers are located in traditional business areas in pre-war neighborhoods (see Figure 2.a - Future Land Use Map - Page 21). Proposed mixeduse centers are located in areas zoned for commercial use that have been developed as more auto-oriented shopping centers, strip malls or collections of freestanding businesses in post-war neighborhoods. In contrast to traditional business areas, these commercial areas are typically located on larger, deeper parcels and have been designed for automobile, rather than pedestrian, access. In addition to Downtown, the regional mixed-use center, three additional types, or scales, of mixed-use centers are pro- l posed (see Figure 3.i - Neighborhood Characteristics and Preservation Tools/ Strategies - Page 40 and Figure 4.b Hierarchy of Mixed-Use Centers - Page 56). • Neighborhood centers that serve as the focus of a neighborhood, or several neighborhoods, and are located on a major transit route. • Village centers that serve several neighborhoods and are located on a proposed express and/or high frequency service transit route. • Sub-regional centers that serve several villages (and may also serve areas outside the city) and are located on a proposed express and/or high frequency service transit route. By incorporating housing, shopping, jobs and services, and providing attractive alternatives to travel by car, mixed-use centers will make it possible to reduce the amount of off-street parking (and land required to accommodate it) and support improved transit service (see also, Chapter 6 - Balanced Transportation - Page 75). Figure 4.b - Hierarchy of Mixed-Use Centers Neighborhood Mixed-Use Center Serves as the focus of a neighborhood or several neighborhoods; located on a major transit route. Core Retail Uses Other Core Uses Convenience shopping: Non-retail uses within the core might include: Approximate Retail Gross Square Feet 7,500 - 10,000 Approximate Trade Area ¾ - 1 mile ¼mi primary area Neighborhood Center @ Chapter 4 - Vital Business Districts • Pl.an Grand Rapids • • • • • • • • • Small food market Deli Bakery Local restaurant Florist Video store Beauty/barber Dry cleaning Other local small business • • • • • • • Small upper-story offices Day care School Police or fire substation Multifamily housing Live/work housing Branch library • Page 56 • Population to Support Minimum 6,000 - 10,000 �Figure 4.b .. Hierarchy of Mixed.-Use Centers Village Mixed-Use Center Serves several neighborhoods; located on a high frequency service transit route. Core Uses Convenience shopping with at least one anchor, • Supermarket Drugstore • Hardware Other retail: • Entertainment • Specialty shops • Gifts • Clothing • Bank • Etc. Inner Ring Uses • Higher density housing • Larger freestanding offices • Other job generators with high employee to floor area ratio • Cinema • Branch Post Office • Church • Community recreation center Approximate Retail Gross Square Feet 30,000 150,000 GSF Approximate Trade Area 1 - 3 miles; Population to Support Minimum 20,000 - 35,000 1/2 mile primary area See also Neighborhood Mixed-Use Center Core Uses. Sub-Regional Mixed-Use Center Serves a specific area of the city (several villages) and may also serve areas outside the city; located on a high frequency service transit route. Core Uses General merchandise and convenience shopping with two anchors: • • • • • Supermarket Drugstore Home improvement Department store Specialty/discount apparel • Chain restaurant • Other retail plus nonretail core uses Inner Ring Uses See Village Inner Ring Uses, plus: • College/technical school • Larger scale health care Approximate Retail Gross Square Feet 150,000 275,000 GSF Approximate Trade Area 3 - 5 miles; Population to Support Minimum 55 ,000 - J15,000 1 mile primary area Sub, Regional Center See also Neighborhood and Village Mixed-Use CenteT Core Uses. • Page 57 • Plan Grand Rapids • VitaL Business Districts - Chapter 4 6) �a range of housing types for people of all incomes and ages; and Parking Retail Mixed Use • an "edge" zone that creates a transition in residential densities and building scale adjacent to existing single family neighborhoods. Retail Mixed Use Retail Mixed Use Parking ITRW~ TIJn:ijITJD %11 I 1111 I ta 0 R8 0 a a t11111r1 (n I I 111111 Figure 4.c .. Illustration of Neighborhood Mixed-Use Center I A plan illustration of how these common characteristics might be organized in a neighborhood mixeduse center is presented in Figure 4.c - Illustration of Neighborhood Mixed-Use Center - Page 58. Like the TBAs, the cores of all mixed-use centers should include street level retail and services, with upper story residential and office use. Parking should be provided both on-street and in off-street lots (or decks) that are located on the interior of blocks, with buildings located along the block's edges to screen parking and ensure that streets have a human scale. Building entries and storefronts should be oriented to these streets to provide a pedestrian orientation and an active edge. When located on a regional or major city street, traffic through the core (and/or mixed-use center) may require calming. lt11111t.ri Variable Characteristics Common Characteristics The three categories of mixed-use centers will vary significantly in size and in the type and amount of business and residential development they include; yet all will share certain characteristics: • a mixed-use retail "core" that includes shops, services, offices, restaurants, entertainment, civic and residential uses in buildings that are oriented to the street; • a transit stop; • public spaces for shared activities; • a connected street system that defines small blocks, is designed for walkability and links the mixeduse center to surrounding neighborhoods; G Chapter 4 - Vital Business Districts • PLan Grand Rapids • Page 58 • Core Uses - Although all mixed-use centers should include a retail mixed-use core, the scale of the retail uses, and the total retail square footage, will vary. Preliminary ideas about the types of uses that might be located in the core area of each type of mixed-use center are presented in Figure 4.b - Hierarchy of MixedUse Centers - Page 56. Inner Ring- Proposed village and sub-regional mixeduse centers are large enough to include an inner ring in addition to core and edge zones. Uses in this intermediate zone can include medium and high-density residential development, larger footprint retail uses (for example, a grocery store), larger freestanding office buildings, other work places with a high employee-to-floor ratio (including technology and �certain light industrial uses), medical clinics, schools • use of the shallow, less commercially viable, corridor • frontage. A boulevard treatment or other re-design and churches. Each mixed-u:se center must be deof the 28th Street roadway would improve its marsigned to fit its specific context; nevertheless, the ketability as a residential location. greater the residential and employee population within a 1/<1-mile walking distance of the retail core, Auto-Oriented Commercial Development Guidethe greater the market support for the retail compolines .. Today, commercial development along 28th nent will be. Travel origins and destinations will also Street and in other suburban-style shopping centers be better concentrated to support improved transit. in Grand Rapids gives little recognition to the needs Other Commercial Areas/ 28th Street .. 28th Street of pedestrians, cyclists and transit users. Large parking lots located between commercial buildings and is Grand Rapids' largest commercial corridor. It is the street discourage walking (even from a transit home to a broad range of commercial development stop to a building entrance); signs scaled to catch types from small, freestanding businesses to small motorists' attention create visual confusion and strip centers, auto-oriented uses (gas stations, car multiple driveway curb cuts create safety conflicts. sales), national chain and big box retailers, hotels and planned shopping centers. Along 28th Street, While the Master Plan acknowledges the need to maintain auto-oriented development patterns in Grand Rapids has an appropriate location for large footprint and auto-oriented commercial uses that do some portions of the city, visual quality and non-motorized access can also be improved. The recomnot fit comfortably into traditional busine s areas, neighborhood mixed-use centers or village and submended guidelines for auto-oriented commercial development presented in Chapter 10 - Development regional mixed-use center cores. Character - Page 117 provide a starting point for preMany people anticipate that the South Beltline will paring improved standards for parking lot screening inspire business relocations from 28th Street, in particular, major retailers and car dealers. This would and landscaping, signs, etc. At,to present unique opportunities to restructure development along some portions of the 28th Street corridor by redeveloping larger commercial sites as new, walkable mixed-use village centers as described above. Even if large commercial sites are not available, these village centers can be created incrementally over time. (See the illustrative plans presented in Supplement B for an example of how such a transformation could occur at 28th and Division.) The Master Plan also recommends encouraging a transition in land use to medium-density residential on shallow commercial parcels that are difficult to market because of their limited depth. A change to residential use on the e segments of 28th Street would greatly reduce (or eliminate) the conflicts that exist today between the low-density residential neighborhoods adjacent to the corridor and the current l 1 • Page 59 • Oriented Commercial - Project Concept Plan Grand Rapids • Vital Business Districts - Chapter 4 �Objective VBD I Continue to reinforce Downtown's role as the multipurpose urban center for the metropolitan region. a. As the regional center for West Michigan, encourage the location of government, large scale office and arts and entertainment uses in Downtown. P/wto courtesy of ArtWorks Expanded Visions 2001 youth apprenticeship program. 4~4 , Objectives b. Promote the expansion of the resident population i.n and adjacent to Downtown by encouraging the conversion of near-Downtown and riverfront industrial and commercial areas to mixed-use (see Figure 2.a - Future Land Use Map - Page 21, Figure 3.g- Development Objectives for All Mixed-Use Areas - Page 37 and Figure 3.h- Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special Considerations for Mixed-Use Areas - Page 38). c. See also Voices & Visions: Community Planning for Downtown. and Policies The following objectives and policies summarize what needs to be done to achieve the vision and plan recommendations presented on the preceding pages so that Grand Rapids can become a city of vital business districts. Above each objective is a line of theme icons. The icons illustrate how a particular objective is interrelated with another Master Plan theme. See Page 24 for a description of each theme. Objective VBD 2 Encourage reinvestment in traditional business area corridors to create compact retail mixed~use centers (cores) linked by residential mixed~use development (connectors). a. Assist traditional business area (TBA) organizations in assessing the market support for retail business, office and higher density residential, and the appropriateness of their building inventory, in planning for reinvestment. G Chapter 4 - Vital Business Districts • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 60 • b. A'iSist TBA organizations in developing business retention and recruitment strategies and managing the retail mix to create a marketable district identity and planning promotional activities. c. Foster property/business owner and resident cooperation in determining the appropriate mix of business uses. d. Provide technical assistance to encourage local business start-ups and expand local ownership. e. Target public investments in improving roadways, transit stops, streetscapes and parking to business districts with comprehensive, coordinated plans for retail recruitment and management, physical improvements, maintenance and district promotion. f. Encourage rehabilitation and infill development that enhances each TBA's traditional architecture and pedestrian orientation. g. Carefully control auto-oriented uses (3.g - Development Objectives for All Mixed-Use Areas - Page 37). h. Accommodate larger scale commercial uses where existing parcel configurations and shared district parking can support them. i. Employ on-street parking, shared parking lots and parking decks; locate and design off-street parking to minimize its impact on the pedestrian character of the district and adjacent neighborhoods. �080080: Objective VBD 3 Objective VBD 4 Encourage the development of compact, walkable commercial centers that provide a mix of uses (retail, other commercial and higher density residential) located on transit routes. Encourage the restructuring of commercial development on 28 th Street. a. Encourage the development of neighborhood and village mixed-use centers within traditional business areas, and restructure more suburban commercial areas, as shown on the Future Land Use Map (2.a - Future Land Use Map - Page 21, 3.h - Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special Considerations for Mixed-Use Areas - Page 3 8 and 4.b - Hierarchy of Mixed-Use Centers - Page 56). b. Encourage the development at East Beltline/ Knapp and East Beltline/28 th to take the form of sub-regional mixed-use centers. c. Educate property owners, developers and lenders to the advantages of mixed-use development. d. Work with existing property and business owners to develop area-specific plans that can serve as catalysts and guides to mixed-use redevelopment of existing commercial areas. e. Prepare mixed-use development standards and guidelines using the Master Plan's recommendations as a starting point (Figure 3.g - Development Objectives for All Mixec&Use Areas Page 37 and Figure 3.h - Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special Considerations for Mixed-Use Areas Page 38). f. Develop incentives to encourage mixed-use development (for example, density bonuses, public street extensions, off-street parking reductions, streamlined development approvals). d. Provide zoning standards and design guidelines as needed to improve site planning and design (landscaping, architecture, signs, buffers, etc.) and to improve pedestrian and bicycle access in auto-oriented commercial districts. e. Ensure that streets are clean and well lit and that traffic speeds are safe. a. Concentrate retail development in proposed village and sub-regional mixed-use centers and in planned shopping centers. b. Encourage the conversion of shallow (hard to market) commercial parcels to medium and/or high-density residential mixed-use (Mixed-Use Type Din Figure Figure 3.h- Purpose, Recommended f. Enhance pedestrian connections from commercial districts to nearby neighborhoods. Uses and Special Considerations for Mixed-Use Areas - Page 38). c. Collaborate with neighboring communities to improve the design and appearance of 28 th Street, including the possibility of a boulevard cross section. Objective VBD 5 Improve the visual appeal and walkability of all business districts. a. Assist in providing streetscape improvements to enhance the pedestrian environment and the visual appearance of the city's commercial areas. b. Coordinate with the Interurban Transit Partnership to provide appropriate transit facilities (bus lay-bys, benches, shelters). c. Upgrade district appearance by encouraging compatible fac;:ade, storefront and sign improvements to enhance curb appeal and visual interest. •Page61 • Plan Grand Rapids • Vital Business Districts - Chapter 4 CD �5~0 ~ A Strong Economy 5~ 1 ~ Introduction City government must help to foster a strong economy so that Grand Rapids' residents prosper, and that revenues needed to provide important urban services and amenities are available. The citizens of Grand Rapids recognize the importance of continuing business and institutional investment, but seek to balance economic growth with priorities for neighborhoods, the environment and the quality of development. • Page 63 • Plan Grand Rapids • A Strong Economy - Chapter 5 (:) �- -- - - • ·1 Why are Major Employers Important? The citizens of Grand Rapids expressed the following beliefs in what creates a strong economy and the importance of major employers. • A healthy business area is one in which new businesses replace outgoing businesses. • Business areas can pro,·ide jobs for local residents; local residents are good labor pools for businesses. • Locally owned businesses bring money into neighborhoods. Strong businesses help build the city's tax base. • Incentives are needed to attract new companies. T he significance of the need to insure strong industries within the city cannot be understated; nor can emerging trends be ignored, wch as a life sciences corridor, mixed-use, and the rising number of workers and corporations who are attracted to areas that can provide a high quality of life. These trends can lead to a strong, successful future with community support. A number of issues exist, however, that may impede or prove to serve to limit the degree of success. These issues include: • empty or under-used buildings and/or land; • industrial uses in older commercial areas; • expansion of businesses into adjacent neighborhoods; • locating redevelopment opportunities; • lack of an educated workforce; • hours or operation or the lack of public transit to bring people to and from their jobs; • limited handicap access in many older buildings (building code issues); • environmental contamination. --- ------ CF) Chapter 5 - A Strong Economy • Plan Grand Rapids A citywide community fornm was held at each of the public high schools. 5~2 ~ Visions One of the first steps of the master plan process was to ask the citizens of Grand Rapids what they would like to see the city look like twenty years from now. At the first community forum more than 300 people came together to discuss the future of Grand Rapids. Their discussion was guided by the information gathered during a series of neighborhood and business association meetings and discussion guide responses collected in the first two months of the planning process. Eleven major categories summarized key issues and provided participants a variety of discussion topics from which to choose. The beliefs and issues used at the forum were developed from the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats identified previously. Statements and images that described a vision, or preferred future, for Grand Rapids were then created by forum participants in small groups. The following visions emerged. • Page 64 • 5.2.1 , Business Climate We will work proactively to continuously improve the city's business environment to encourage investment, diversify our economic base and expand employment opportunities. We will make the best po sible use of existing resources to produce sites for business development within the city's boundaries through brownfield clean-up, the reuse of older buildings and the assembly of larger parcels for redevelopment. Grand Rapids will offer creative zoning, flexible financing tools, a streamlined approval proce s and the transportation, utility and technology infrastructure that business needs to succeed. Businesses will have access to capital and good information about available real estate and how to work with local job placement and training programs. As the western anchor of Michigan's Life Sciences Corridor, we wilt become a center for innovation in biotechnology and health services. (\]) . ~l.)~\l)Q.,(,!,j:S~<::l~~;}j~ ffl Topic: ~ lssue:'tl\....t...-'+-'J'l,u•c..J~~~, lou1., i/SitlJ Wt, Tilt ~oPlt, rUATt A :sr,mv/.ATINC. ceo>JoMy 'io aim,,/Aff U,f/il# iuss,i./t½ ~,I!) /Wf~T'( /PNl\11fS TI/R~. ~~ EbllC~t>~ l,J(,RI{ '"I) mms ~ ,tws or ,lu~~/>JoR.MOO~ ~,I!) ~Sis 1,fl~IU.!) ro,,..( lutll P~y11Jr, :J'o~,' ~fif/SIT'f '" 11/t r~rn1nu,J17t r'Nft-tr 11"1> UNOU. - P~P1.A.T1~<, . Vision Statement ;..P.;..ic_t_u_re_/_S_y_m_b_o_l_____ -T,1mTMm �~ Topic: ~ Issue: 5., ,in,$s /-S. b Of'P"".....,;~s Root'\ Ilb io o.f.f.,.. more. ~dveco➔~ ... \. °"~ ;ob -1-<co,n•"' opp•..-4....,;+i«S1 in 'Sp•n,J/4_-.( order ~ prd11to+~ f.;,.. (t-{'(&..-.e.-ii"c>-i,ol'\ o k 1-l,s f•"iC WoMt'\ °"J. ~V\. -Ir> h•"c. be...,_,- Svp{'Orttc:l ~ \ - ~ , ii\ o,.J. su,c:.rss ""-l ~o-.i: l ,'es 5.2.3 .,. Building on Our Assets We will succeed in making our most important natural feature - the Grand River - increasingly visible and usable by converting riverfront industrial sites to parks and new development that welcomes people to the river's edge. - Vision Statement Picture/Symbol ;;..;.;~.;.._....._....;.....;;.;.._ _ _ _ _ W~•™m~am 5.2.2.,. Job Diversity and a Productive Workforce Educational partnerships between the business community, the public schools and our institutions of higher learning will offer all of our residents unparalleled opportunities to succeed in the workplace and contribute to the vibrancy of our economy. Our commitment to excellence in education and job training, and the availability of high quality public transit and child care, will be instrumental in moving people into work, out of poverty and up the job ladder. The skills and productivity of the people who make up our workforce will be recognized as significant economic assets. In tum, Grand Rapids' businesses many of which are locally owned - will provide well paying jobs that support families. 1~~fa) Picture/Symbol r • Cities Bounce Back For most metropolitan cities, the 1970's were a disaster. St. Louis, for example, lost a little more than a quarter of its population. A fifth of the people in Detroit and Buffalo fled to the suburbs or left for opportunities in the Sun Belt. The 2000 census reveals that many cities gained population in the last decade and some enjoyed their best decade since the 1950's. Grand Rapids mirrored this trend. After losing eight percent of its population in the 1970' s, the city gained 16,000 new residents in the next two decade , and now has its largest number of residents ever. An upward trend in population is only one indication of a city's health. But there may be a correlation between population growth and a vibrant urban environment. Five of the cities that had their best decade in the 1990's - Boston, Denver, Minneapolis, New York, and San Francisco - are among the top "24-hour cities" picked by the 2000 Emerging Trends in Real Estate report as the best bets for investment and development. City of Grand Rapids Census Year Population .Change 1960 ••••••••"••••••• 177,313 1970 ················· 197,649 ··············· 11.5% 1980 ················· 181,843 ················ -8.0% 1990 ················· 189,126 ················· 4.0% 2000 ················· 197,800 ················ 4.6% AJaprl"l.i from: \A:'1N1:- Rc-por~ an,..1 "Citil &)unc~ Ba1.'k," Neu, Urban i\'eu-s, Vol. 6, No. 4. June 1001. Posters are from the first Master Plan Commttn icy Forum held at Central High School in March 2001. • Page 65 • Plan Grand Rapids • A Strong Economy - Chapter 5 0 �5.3.1 .,. Sustainability and Diversity The adaptive reuse of older industrial buildings is an important issue for a sustainable economy. 5~3 -- Plan Recommendations To provide a basis for achieving these visions, characteristics of a diverse, sustainable economy are presented and referenced to recommendations in Chapters 3 - 9. In addition, plan recommendations focus on: • existing industrial districts in which a change in land use should be encouraged, and those in which industrial use should be retained; • the role of light industry as a component of mixed-used use development; • the benefits of mixed-use as a context for institutional expansion in the center city; • the importance of coordinating the location of job centers with decisions on transit. 0 Chapter 5 - A Strong Economy • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 66 • Grand Rapids can have a sustainable economy by adapting to changing conditions and re-using existing resources in new ways. Sustainable economic growth promotes adaptive reuse, brownfield cleanup and reinvestment in already developed areas as an alternative to the "take-make-waste" pattern of sprawl. Revitalization of Downtown, the adaptive reuse of older industrial and commercial buildings in the North Monroe and Heartside areas and plan recommendations for reinvestment in the city's older neighborhoods and traditional business districts (see Chapter 3 - Great Neighborhoods- Page 27 and Chapter 4 - Vital Business Districts - Page 47) provide examples of this kind of sustainability. A sustainable economy also emphasizes quality of life as a key factor in attracting and retaining a balance of household types and incomes, as well as employers and a skilled workforce. Recommendations on important factors that influence the city's quality of life - including the range of housing choices Grand Rapids offers, its schools, the quality of its built environment, its recreational and open space opportunities and its environmental quality - are addressed in visions and policy recommendations throughout the Master Plan. (See Chapter 3 - Great Neighborhoods - Page 27, Chapter 7 - A City that Enriches Our Lives - Page 89, Chapter 8 -A City in Balance with Nature - Page 103 and Chapter 10 - Development Character - Page 117.) Plan recommendations also touch on the question of fiscal sustainability (the need to balance municipal revenues and expenditures) by recommending that public investments be targeted (and leveraged), that incentives for desired private investment be established and that public/private partnerships be created. While the public sector can help to encourage and guide development, it is the private sector �that actually makes the majority of the investment needed to accomplish plan recommendations. As a result, limited public resources must be invested strategically to maximize returns in achieving desired outcomes. Grand Rapids can have a diverse economy by creating an environment that supports overall business success, rather than focusing on a single sector. As recommended in Chapter 4 - Vital Business Districts Page 47, Grand Rapids can also enhance the diversity of its economy by placing as much emphasis on nurturing the success oflocal entrepreneurs as it does on attracting major new employers. A diverse economy includes a variety of large and small jobgenerating uses including retail and services, arts and entertainment, government and professional offices, educational and health care institutions, technology and industry. Plan recommendations in this chapter focus on industry, mixed-use employment centers and institutions located on Downtown's edges. Master Plan recommendations for offices, retail and services uses are addressed in the preceding chapter (Chapter 4 - Vital Business Districts - Page 47). 5.3.2 , . Industry Compared to national trends, Grand Rapids has done well in retaining manufacturing jobs over the past 15 years. Continuing efforts to diversify the city's industrial base have contributed to this success; while jobs have been Lost in some industries (for example, furniture and fixtures), increases have been experienced in others (for example, printing and publishing). In manufacturing, as in other business sectors, many firms are locally owned. In addition, the majority of manufacturing firms located within the city a.re small, employing 20 or fewer people. Although Grand Rapids has many assets that make it an attractive business location, the city also faces certain disadvantages in comparison to undeveloped "greenfield" areas in the larger metropolitan region. Space for new industry and for the expansion of existing industry is limited. Available sites are relatively small and often need environmental remediation. Available buildings can also present environmental problems and be expensive to bring up to modern code requirements. While the city can help to overcome these disadvantages, it is important to have a clear understanding of where time and resources should be targeted. The following recommendations for future patterns of industrial land use can help to achieve this. Rail and Highway Corridors - As primary travel modes have changed over time - from water to rail to streets and highways - the patterns of industrial development in Grand Rapids (and the region) have also changed. In Grand Rapids, both the river and rail corridors became the "spines" of industrial development. Today, Grand Rapids industries do not depend on water for power or transportation. Many industries rely more heavily on truck access and proximity to highways (and airports) than on rail. The cost and convenience of competing transportation modes may continue to change in the future, however. As a result, industries that have ready access to both rail and highway corridors will retain flexibility as a competitive advantage. While some light industrial uses can fit compatibly in a mixed-use development context, other industrial uses, because of their scale and/ or external impacts, function best in single purpose industrial districts that are buffered from neighborhoods and shopping areas. Examples of these uses might include: truck terminals and distribution centers, contractors' yards, industrial laundries, and uses that manufacture or treat goods from raw materials. As shown on the Future Land Use Map (Figure 2.a - Page 21), the Master Plan recommends the retention of industrial districts that are located on rail lines and can provide easy access to highways without routing • Page 67 • The majority of manufacturing firms within the city are small, employing 20 or fewer people. Attractively Landscaped front yards in industrial areas improve compatibility with neighborhoods. Plan Grand Rapids • A Strong Economy - Chapter 5 0 �• provide attractively landscaped front yards; • step down building heights toward the street; • articulate front fac;ades to create a sense of scale; • provide doors and windows overlooking the street; • use higher quality materials on front fac;ades; • avoid excessive fencing and make fencing attractive (no barbed wire); • screen outdoor storage yards. 1886 Bird's Eye View Map of Grand Rapids. 0 Chapter 5 - A Strong Economy • Plan Grand, Rapids trucks through residential areas. The design of streets serving these industrial districts must balance needs for truck access with other priorities, for example, establishing attractive gateways to the city. In some instances, parcels on the edges of these districts may be consolidated to create improved buffers and transitions to adjacent neighborhoods and business districts. While design and development standards in these industrial districts will not be as stringent as those for light industrial development in mixed-use areas, some standards that address buffers and transitions may still be appropriate. For example, industrial uses fronting on major entrance corridors to the city should be encouraged to: • Page 68 • In some recommended industrial districts, for example the Godfrey corridor, multi-story 19 th century industrial buildings coexist with more contemporary industrial uses. fu in the North Monroe area, the adaptive reuse of these buildings for a mix of uses should be encouraged . This mix might include loft housing, artist/artisan studios, offices and retail. Over time, some existing industries may relocate outside of the city. If this happens, it will be appropriate to re-evaluate the affected area's land use designation. For example, if the existing industrial users in the area bounded by 28 th Street, Madison and the Norfolk Southern rail line were to relocate, this area could become a logical extension of the proposed village mixed-use center at 28 th Street and Division Avenue. Such a change in land use (from industrial to mixed-use) would be especially appropriate if the existing rail line were abandoned in the future. (See Supplement B for an illustration of one possible scenario for future development at 28 th and Division.) Riverfront - Since the city's founding, the Grand River has been a focus of job creation. Although the nature of those jobs continues to change, the city's relationship to the river remains critical to its economic development future . People in Grand Rapids would like to improve the visibility of, and access to, the river as an asset for both economic development and quality of life. The riverfront can offer special �opportunities for economic diversification, job creation and expanding higher density housing choices; while at the same time increasing recreational use and improving environmental stewardship. As a result, the Master Plan (see Figure 2.a - Future Land Use Map - Page 21) recommends that a change in land use be encouraged along the riverfront north of Wealthy Street1 from industry to open space and mixed-use. In the area north of 1-196, east of US-131 (on the west side) and west of Monroe Avenue (on the east side), this mix of uses should give priority to: • the addition of open space; • continuous public access along the river edge; • medium- and high-density residential development on the riverfront. New job-generating uses along the riverfront could include offices, educational or cultural uses and hotels. Retail, restaurant and/or entertainment can also be encouraged as accessory uses located in the same building as a primary residential, office or hotel use. A mix of uses within a single building or development parcel should be encouraged. Development densities that capitalize on the value of a riverfront location, and the control of surface parking, are recommended. Resource Extraction Areas - A significant land area in the southwest portion of Grand Rapids - including the former Butterworth Landfill and the area immediately to the west of 1-96 - were historically used as resource (gypsum, gravel) extraction sites. While these mining operations have been phased out, more than 200 acres of disturbed land remain that are currently zoned for single family residential use (R-1) 2• The Master Plan recommends that this 1 0 n the wt.>st bank of the Grand River -.outh of Wealrhy Strect, pla nn ing i:-. underway for the development of a park on the Ruckrwonh L1r\l.lflll. TI1is new riverfront pa rk will li nk m Kent Coun t,y's planned M,lli.'n nium Park loc,, tcd dirccd\· w the south on rhc Ur.ind R iver nnJ Kent Tra ils. On the case bank of the Grand Ri\.'er, the Ma:.tcr Plan propose.:. chat tht.> riwr cdcc (wcsl o f Market Street) heco rn c pan o f rhe con rinu ou.-; rive rfront ope n :.p:tct-/trail :,;}~rem. 'TI,c Buuerwonh LanJfill is owncJ hy thl! city and is pb.n ncd ro bcc~)me a park. low-density residential land use designation be maintained until more information is available on existing conditions and the constraints they pose for future development. As a result, any proposal for nonresidential development will require rezoning, including the notification of adjacent property owners and a public hearing. When a geotechnical analysis for this area is undertaken, it may be determined that residential development is not financially feasible in the majority of the area. If so, alternative uses will have to be considered. In the interim, it may be appropriate to al low limited use for outdoor storage (with a special approval) in areas that are immediately accessible from existing streets and are well buffered from existing residential development. 5.3.3 - Industry as a Component of Mixed-Use Development should capitalize on the value of the riverfront. With well defined design guidelines and performance standards, many light industrial uses can coexist compatibly with a mix of office, retail and housing - not only on the riverfront, but also in portions of Downtown and in the proposed mixed-use areas to the north and south of Downtown and on the Near West Side (Figure 2.a - Future Land Use Map - Page 21). Examples of these light industrial uses might include: laboratories, designer's or builders shops, photo labs, artist's studios and artisan's workshops, small scale manufacturers of food products or small assembled products from prepared materials. In riverfront, Downtown and near Downtown areas, light industrial uses that are relatively small in scale, provide a high ratio of employees to floor area and do n ot generate high volumes of truck traffic are particularly appropriate as part of the use mix. Encouraging a broader mix of uses in existing industrial areas on the riverfront and near Downtown is an important strategy in creating a human scale, walkable and transit-supportive city. To be success- Many Light industrial uses are appropriate in mixed-use areas. • Page 69 • Plan Grand Rapids • A Strong Economy - Chapter 5 0 �The former Butterworth Landfill Site has been remediated and planning is underway for the de~·elopment of a park. ful, these mixed-use areas must be carefully planned and designed to provide incremental transitions in use intensity and building scale, coherence in architectural design and a pedestrian-friendly public realm. As noted above, performance standards are also needed to control impacts (for example, noise and truck traffic) that can reduce quality of life. Recommended Development Objectives for All MixedUse Areas are presented in Figure 3.g - Page 37. Descriptions of the Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special Considerations for Mixed-Use Areas are presented in Figure 3.h (see Mixed-Use Area Types A and B) - Page 38. In addition, the development guidelines in Chapter 10 Development Character - Page 117 provide one example of industrial mixed-use; examples of how plan recommendations and guidelines might be applied (Near West Side and in the vicinity of Plainfield/ Leonard) are in Supplement B. These Master Plan materials provide a starting point for undertaking more detailed area-specific plans for each proposed mixed-use area. These areaspecific plans should determine where existing development should be protected and enhanced and where future redevelopment should be encouraged. These more detailed planning efforts, undertaken with the collaboration of the city, area land owners, developers, residents and business owners, are essential in establishing a foundation for successful mixeduse development. eluding those associated with health care) are the fastest growing sector of the Grand Rapids employment market; most of these service jobs are located in the Downtown area. As a result, Grand Rapids needs land use patterns for the future that can allow and encourage these institutions to grow within the city - but to do so according to rules that recognize important priorities for preserving neighborhoods, creating walkable streets and managing traffic and parking demand. The existing pattern of land use in Grand Rapids outside of the Downtown area also includes many institutional uses - from elementary schools to college campuses - that are already integrated into the development fabric. In some instances, it would be very difficult to expand the physical boundaries of these institutional sites in any significant way. (Metropolitan Hospital is an example.) ln other instances (for example, Cornerstone College) such expansion may be possible. Because each situation is unique, the Master Plan recommends that institutions, neighborhood and business organizations work in collaboration with the city to explore alternatives and find appropriate solutions to expansion needs. 3 Mixed-Use - The Master Plan recommends that the major educational and health care institutions located in and on the edges of Downtown be encouraged to remain and expand within a mixed-use development context that: 5.3.4 , . Institutions Health care and research institutions are important economic anchors and incubators. 0 Chapter 5 - A Strong Economy • Plan Grand Rapids In a global economy, businesses' most important raw material is skilled and dedicated workers. As a result, colleges, universities and technical schools are critical economic resources, as well as important job generators in and of themselves. Similarly, health care institutions - especially those engaged in biotechnology research and development - are important economic anchors and incubators. Consistent with national trends, service jobs (in- • Page 70 • • encourages ground level retail and services along major streets; • emphasizes the quality of the pedestrian environment; • reduces traffic and parking demand by encouraging the use of transit, carpooling, cycling and walking; 1 TI1c JX"IS::iiblc nct..J to nmsider n.:usc oprions for puhlic ~,hoob that ma) Ix- closi..'1.I in tht.• hmm.: prCM!ntb a doi;e parnllt:I to rhc i.~f.UC of tn,..tuurionill expansi\lll. ln<lt:c<l, in11tirutinnal U!-o(':-. arc on1:()f sl'\'cral likely optiom for thl' rt:use of che:;c huilJin~-.. GuiJelmcs for one example of sd10t,l i-ite rn,sc (th:ir ;1:..,11m!.!:',. rh11t the t!Xh;tin,:: building i:. retained) 1s providt..-J 1n C/w/>lt'T JO Pas,:e I15. �• controls the amount, location and design of surface parking; • incorporates higher density housing to provide compatible transitions to existing single-family neighborhoods. This mixed-use approach to planning for institutional expansion will not only protect the livability of center city neighborhoods; it will also present a positive image of the city to visitors from the metropolitan region and beyond. The general purpose and recommended uses for institutional mixed-use areas on the edge of Downtown are described in Figure 3.h - Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special Considerations for Mixed-Use Areas Page 38 as Type C. In addition, it should be noted that public and private institutions (including, for example, educational and cultural uses) can also be components of Type A and B proposed mixed-use areas. The recommended uses for neighborhood, village and sub-regional mixed-use centers proposed throughout the city (see Figure 2.a - Future Land Use Map - Page 21 and Figure 4.b - Hierarchy of Mixed-Use Centers - Page 56) also include institutional uses (for example, schools, churches, branch libraries, post offices, recreation centers and social service agencies). A limited number of smaller scale institutional uses (elementary school, branch library, agency outreach office) are most appropriate in or adjacent to the core of neighborhood centers, the smallest in the suggested hierarchy of mixed-use centers. Because of their larger size, village and sub-regional mixed-use centers can accommodate a broader range of larger institutional uses (recreation center, technical school, church) both in their core or inner ring areas. Overall Development Objectives for AlL Mixed-Use Areas are presented in Figure 3.g- Page 37. Guidelines for one example of institutional mixed-use are also provided in Chapter 10 - Development Character - Page 117. 5.3"5 , Job Centers and Transportation The Master Plan recommends that major job centers be located on transit lines so that employees have the option of getting to work without their cars 4• In addition, the expanded use of transportation demand management programs is recommended to encourage transit use, car- or van-pooling and walking or cycling to work. This, in turn, will reduce peak traffic volumes and the amount of on-site parking needed. In mixed-use areas, parking should be treated as a resource shared by uses that experience peak parking demands at different time of the day. Streets that carry major volumes of traffic should also be designed to ensure that they create an appropriate environment for pedestrians and cyclists, as well as cars and trucks. • promote the development of additional Renaissance Zones; • promote the development of an industrial park (in collaboration with the City of Walker) that supports sustainable business practices; • build partnerships on urban redevelopment with communities that border Grand Rapids. These goals should be pursued in a manner consistent with the Master Plan's recommendations, objectives and policies. 5.3.6 , Urban Redevelopment Council Established in 1995, the Urban Redevelopment Council serves in an advisory capacity to the City of Grand Rapids and the Right Place Program5 to bring the "voice of the business community" to the city's urban redevelopment work. The Council's mission is to promote business retention, expansion and attraction activities in the city through the productive reuse of land and buildings, while strengthening collaboration between the city and other units of government within the region. The council's 2002 Strategic Plan presents the following goals: • develop an aggressive land assembly strategy for the city; -t Jr is also imp<.)rtant to not!.! that rhe Interurban Tr.i.n:.it Partnership (ITP), the regiona l transit ::q::ency, is focusing Sp<'l:ial attention on improving tran:.txmation st!rvice:,; to link low income populario ns co cmploymcm (nnJ daycare) lo,..:arions by expand in$? existing van se rvice. ~The Right Place Program, ,1 regional t.'Conomic dcvek1pml'nt ag1.>ncy, works under contract with the Cit} of Grand Rapid!i- to as:;ist with lanJ and hu ildin~ ,me prcp..1ration, h~inc..~ assistance, market ing an d promotion of development opportun it ies anJ pa rmcr::,hips wi th prin re, ~-ovcmmenr and commu nif)' s.,TtOups involved in economic development. • Page 71 • Major job centers should be located on transit lines. PLan Grand Rapids • A Strong Economy - Chapter 5 0 �oeeeeos ·oeeos Photo courtesy ofArtWorks Expanded Visions 2001 youth apprenticeship program. Objective SE 1 Objective SE 2 Capitalize on the Grand River as an asset for economic development and quality of life by encouraging a change in land use along the riverfront from industry to open space and mixed,use. Capture the benefits of improved riverfront visibility and access by encouraging mixed,use development in near,Downtown industrial areas east of US,131 and west of Monroe Avenue. a. North of Wealthy Street, encourage mixed-use development that adds open space, provides public access and gives priority to medium- and high-density residential development along the river's edge. Encourage development that takes advantage of valuable riverfront land by discouraging one-story buildings and controlling surface parking (see Figure 3.g - Development Objectives for All Mixed-Use Areas - Page 37 and Figure 3.h - Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special Considerations for Mixed-Use Areas: Type B - Page 38). 5.4 .- Objectives and Policies b. South of Wealthy Street, pursue plans for park development at the Butterworth Landfill and the extension of the riverwalk (see Figure 7.c Open Space Framework Plan Map - Page 95). The following objectives and policies summarize what needs to be done to achieve the vision and plan recommendations presented on the preceding pages so that Grand Rapids will have the land use and transportation patterns that support a positive business climate, a diverse job base and a productive work force. Above each objective is a line of theme icons. The icons illustrate how a particular objective is interrelated with another Master Plan theme. See Page 24 for a description of each theme. c. Develop standards for accommodating light industry as a part of the riverfront use mix (for example, small scale, low impact, high employment). 0 Chapter 5 - A Strong Economy • Plan Grand Rapids d. Undertake area-specific planning as a catalyst and guide to reinvestment (based on mixed-use recommendations in Figure 3.g - Development Objectives for All Mixed-Use Areas - Page 37, Figure 3.h - Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special Considerations for Mixed-Use Areas - Page 38 and Figure 4.b - Hierarchy of Mixed-Use Centers - Page 56). • Page 72 • (Figure 3.h - Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special Considerations for Mixed-Use Areas: Type A - Page 38.) a. Improve connections from all neighborhoods to the riverfront (in particular, by reducing the barrier created by the US-131 embankment). b. See also SE l .d. oeee Objective SE 3 Retain industrial districts located on rail lines that can provide easy access to highways without routing trucks through residential areas. a. Consolidate parcels for industrial use on the edges of these districts. b. Develop standards that improve buffers and transitions to adjacent neighborhoods, business districts and major entrance corridors to the city. c. Encourage the adaptive reuse of pre-World War II industrial buildings wherever possible. �080080: Objective SE 4 Objective SE 6 Encourage major institutions to remain and grow in a mixed,use context in Downtown and on its edges. Improve public transit access to work places by coordinating the location of major job centers with existing and proposed transit lines. (Figure 3.h • Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special Considerations for Mixed-Use Areas: Type C • Page 38.) a. Protect neighborhood edges by creating incremental transitions in use intensity and building scale. b. Adopt transportation demand management strategies to reduce traffic increases and on-site parking requirements; carefully control the amount, location and treatment of surface parking. c. Provide a pedestrian-friendly street network with ground floor retail and service uses on major streets. d. See also SE l.d. 0800 Objective SE 5 Accommodate appropriately scaled institutional uses as components of proposed mixed,use neighborhood, village and sub,regional centers. (Figure 2.a • Future Land Use Map• Page 21 and Figure 3.g - Development Objectives for All Mixed-Use Areas · Page 37.) 080080: g. Provide flexible financing tools, a streamlined development approvals process and connections to appropriate employee placement and training programs. h. Make development approvals predictable, fair and efficient. i. Help to coordinate economic development initiatives within the metropolitan region. Objective SE 7 Encourage business investment while balancing economic growth with priorities for neighborhoods, the natural environment and the quality of the built environment. a. Provide investors and developers easy access to economic, market, workforce and real estate information. b. Give greater emphasis to technical assistance for small businesses to foster entrepreneurship, business start-ups and local ownership. Objective SE 8 Encourage business development and continued economic diversification to deepen and broaden the range of jobs and pay scales available within the city. a. Give particular emphasis to attracting and retaining businesses that provide jobs that pay a living wage and can support families. b. Promote the availability of good transit service and quality, affordable day care for the children of working families. c. Nurture existing business to promote sustainable growth. d. Provide the transportation, utility and technology infrastructure needed to support commerce. e. Use public investments strategically to leverage desired economic development in appropriate locations. Objective SE 9 Encourage educational partnerships that promote youth development and improve the job skills of citizens of all incomes. f. Assist in the production and marketing of attractive business development sites, offering a range of site sizes, land use types and locations. • Page 73 • Plan Grand Rapids • A Strong Economy • Chapter 5 0 �6.0 ~ Balanced Transportation 6~ 1 ~ Introduction Primary travel modes change over time. They shape, and are shaped by, land use patterns. Grand Rapids' citizens support the coordination of transportation and land use decisions to reduce dependence on the automobile, provide choice in travel modes and to balance needs for automobile and truck access with the long term objectives of improving transit, making streets more walkable and creating a system of bike routes. • Page 75 • Plan Grand Rapids • Balanced Transportation - Chapter 6 (:) �6.2. 1 , Automobile Alternatives Why Do We Need a Balanced Transportation System? The citizens of Grand Rapids expressed the following beliefs about the importance of a balanced transportation system that not only serves the automobile but pedestrians, cyclists, and transit riders as well. • Good public transportation contributes to a healthy region, city and neighborhoods. • We musr pursue alternate means of transportation so that we don't just rely on the car. • Our streets should be made comfortable for pedestrians, the handicapped and others (bikes, strollers, delivery carts, etc.). • Good pedestrian environments in bus111ess areas compliment good automobile access. • A good network of streets promotes easy access and often attracts businesses to an area. • Our streets should he well paved and well marked. • Multiple bus routes make neighborhoods more desirable. • Making and maintaining streets as comfortable places for pedestrians is important. • High volumes of low speed traffic are good for business areas. • The city should be built for people, not cars. • Bikes are an important consideration in the design of our streets and should he safe!} accommodated. T I he city's interconnected network of streets, alleys and sidewalks allows people to move from one place to another efficiently. The need for a balanced rransportation system that offers alternatives to the automobile was strongly expressed by the public throughout the planning process. These alternatives can reduce automobile dependency and associated parking needs, as well as rncrease the accessibility of jobs to the Grand Rapids workforce. --- [ e Participants were actively inwli<ed in the decision-making process for the plan. 6 . 2 .- Visions One of the first steps of the master plan process was to ask the citizens of Grand Rapids what they would like to see the city look like twenty years from now. At the first community forum more than 300 people came together to discuss the future of Grand Rapids. Their discussion was guided by the information gathered during a series of neighborhood and business association meetings and discussion guide responses collected in the first two months of the planning process. Eleven major categories summarized key issues and provided participants a variety of discussion topics from which to choo e. The beliefs and issues used at the forum were developed from the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats identified previously. Statements and images that described a vision, or preferred future, for Grand Rapids were then created by forum participants in small groups. The following visions emerged. Chapter 6 - Balanced Transportation • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 76 • We will plan land use and transportation in our city and the region to make transit convenient and affordable. All residents will be able to get to work, school, recreation opportunities or shopping without relying on a car. Because our state-of-the-art transit system will be such a success, parking demand will be significantly reduced and we will be able to devote less land to storing parked cars. In most neighborhoods, residents will have access to daily, convenient shopping and services within walking distance of home. Our streets will create a connected network and will be designed to encourage walking and cycling; information on walk/bike routes will be easily available. We will emphasize the importance of treelined, people-friendly streets in our neighborhoods. Traffic calming will contribute to safer streets for drivers and more livable neighborhoods for all residents - especially our children. Most important, our overall transportation system will offer a balance between cars, transit, cyclists and pedestrians. Vision Statement ,~(in R I) Picture/Symbol _ _ _........ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ W~Ti1m THm �The 1923 Master Plan Recommended Streetcar Improvements to Relieve Traffic Congestion. 1 CITY or ~J~PIDS f PRORJSED ENLARGED TRANSIT sYSTEM '. CITY PLANNINGDCPARTM(NT Ef1!Trru":T-- ;._~~,.;;;..&..~~----Picture/Symbol I I ~ ,I J Wact.TrfmT•am 6.2.2 - Well Designed Street Network Despite carrying greater traffic volumes at major streets will be designed to be people-friendly. We will make sure that street paving is in good condition by investing in improved longer-life materials and carefully managing truck load limits. AB a result, vehicle damage will be significantly reduced and traffic safety will be improved. Attractively landscaped, safe, clean, well maintained streets will be an important part of our city's positive image and quality of life. Posters are from the first Master Plan Community Fomm held ar Central High Schoo! in March 2001. • Page 77 • Pl.an Grand Rapids • Bal.anced Transportation - Chapter 6 C:) �• design streets to enhance safety, improve walkability and create image corridors; • reduce the extent to which highways create barriers to movement; • manage parking supply and demand and improve parking lot location and design; • provide bike routes. Planning Background The 1996 Long-Range Public Transportation Plan for the Grand Valley Region recommends the development Balancing the use of street rights-of-<.vay to accomodate auto, transit, pedestrian and bicycle lanes is important. Figure 6.a, GVMC Long,Range Public Transportation Plan URBAN AREA FlX.EO ROUTE SERVICE - FEEDER SERYfCE TO CLOSEST HUS = RURAL SERVICE SURFACE TRANSPORTATION CENTER TRANSIT CENTERS • • - COMMUNITY HUBS AFTEEN MINUTE SERVICE -THIRTY MtMJTE SERVlCE PEAK HOUR EXPRESS 6~3 ~ Plan Recommendations The 1994 Grand Valley Metro Council (GVMC) Blueprint Report and the 1996 Long-Range Public Transportation Plan for the Grand Valley Region (Metro Mobile 2020 Task Force, Grand Rapids Area Transit and GVMC) provide a conceptual foundation for coordinating transportation and land use decisions to reduce dependence on the automobile and provide choice in travel modes. The Master Plan builds on this foundation to promote coordinated land use and transportation decisions that: • support transit use through coordinated land use, site planning and street design decisions; • balance the use of street rights-of-way to accommodate pedestrian and bicycle needs, as well as moving vehicles; e Chapter 6 - Balanced Transportation • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 78 • of a transit system linking outlying community hubs in Kent and Ottawa Counties to and through the City of Grand Rapids via express and high frequency service bus routes. Because the locations of these routes are important factors in land use decision-making, an effort has been made to interpret the regional concept and to identify potential alignments within the city (Figure 6.a - GVMC Long-Range Public Transportation Plan - Page 78). High frequency ridership bus routes have also been mapped to assist in future land use plan~ ning. Finally, the regional transit organization (the Interurban Transit Partnership, or ITP) is undertaking an evaluation of alternative fixed guideway routes and transit modes as part of the regional system. Although early thinking about these alternative routes has also been used in developing the Future Land Use Map, the conclusions of this evaluation could modify land use planning (and development density decisions) within the city. Future Land Use Land use decisions must be coordinated with efforts to improve and expand transit service, and to create a balanced transportation system that reduces dependence on the automobile. More compact devel- �opment patterns and higher development densities in some areas of the city will concentrate travel origins and destinations to support more efficient transit operation. Several land use recommendations that reinforce efforts to make transit a viable transportation choice have been described in preceding chapters, including: Figure 6.b - Transportation Framework: Transit / I' ! -··· i i\7' •-7 • directing higher housing densities to locations on, or within walking distance, of major transit routes (see Chapter 3 - Great Neighborhoods - Page 27); • encouraging the creation of compact, walkable mixed-use centers located on existing high ridership bus routes and proposed high frequency service, express and fixed guideway routes (see Chapter 4 - Vital Business Districts Page 47; • encouraging the location of major job centers on transit routes and the provision of incentives for employees to choose the bus over commuting by car (see Chapter 5 - A Strong Economy - Page 63). As noted above, the fixed guideway location(s) to be recommended by lTP will have an impact on the location of several proposed village mixed-use centers. These alternative village center locations include South Division Avenue at Cottage Grove and 28'h Street west of Breton, as illustrated on the Future Land Use Map (Figure 2.a - Page 21) and the Transportation Framework: Transit Map (Figure 6.b - Page 79). Site Planning and Street Design The way that buildings and parking are arranged on a site has a significant impact on the ease with which transit users can move between transit stops and the front doors of buildings. Large parking lots located adjacent to the street establish a barrier to pedestrian movement between bus stops and buildings. Existing development can be retrofitted in a variety r---' ,~!~ _j __ LEONARD O'BRIEN EXISTING BUS ROUTE (Width indicates amount of use) ,I- PROPOSED EXPRESS ROUTES d'/"_ •••••• @ - POTENTIALFIXEDGUIDEWAYSYSTEM PROPOSED TRANSIT CENTER TRADITIONAL BUSINESS AREAS • • - POTENTIAL CENTER NEIGHBORHOOD CENTER VILLAGE CENTER SUB · REGIONAL CENTER ---l • Page 79 • Pl.an Grand Rapids • Balanced Transportation - Chapter 6 C:) �Figure 6.c .. Transportation Framework: Streets of ways to reduce the extent to which parking lots discourage pedestrian connections. (See Section 10.8 - Auto-Oriented Commercial in a Post-World War II Context - Page 135 for one example.) A more efficient pattern for bus operation and transit riders, however, is to locate buildings on or near the front property line, with parking located to rear. This is especially important at major job centers and in neighborhood, village and sub-regional mixed-use centers. Similarly, the planning and design of street improvements should take transit vehicles and riders into consideration, for example by providing bus shelters, benches and bays that allow buses to pull out of roadway travel lanes. At major transit connection points, a configuration that accommodates more than one bus at a time, and that is located off the major through-traffic street, may also be appropriate. (See Supplement B, for examples of how a major transit connection might be accommodated in the village mixed-use centers proposed at Plainfield/Leonard and 28"'/ 4MILE i =.-... , ! ,..J ! ! w ~ ~ 0 §"' z ! I.,_, MICHi ~· .., J r f 0 ~ - ,AN ; t,J 6TH l § i IS "'j ::, u. Division.) FFW<KUN 6.3~2 . . Streets ~ e ,,, HALL \ BURTOi - - CITY COLLECTOR 1- •. - - w.JORCITYSTREET • • • • • w.JOR CITY STREET- PROPOSED - AEGIONALSTREET .,, _ ,, _ .,, z ••; - - - t - -- f-2aALbSlG§!_-\,Ell . 28TH \ i '-- ,...,-~ • • • • • ENHANCED SfREETSCAPE 32ND I I STREET CONSERVATION AREA 36TH i i.._.. f'"- •"_ ... i l Streets must be designed to allow cars, trucks, transit and emergency vehicles access throughout the city. People in Grand Rapids also want streets that are attractive and safe. Along with parks, squares and plazas, the city's streets are major determinants of the quality of the public realm. When they are improved to create a positive image, and provide a pleasant environment for people on foot and on bicycles, they can serve as a powerful economic development tool. To achieve this, decisions on street design, traffic management, parking, land use and development character must be coordinated. Street Design ;-~ 44TH e Chapter 6 - Balanced Transportation • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 80 • The city has already established guidelines to better balance the use of space within public rights-of-way in the 1996 Street Classification Policy. Street functional �classifications (regional, major, city collector as shown in Figure 6.c - Transportation Framework: Streets Map - Page 80) are coordinated with development categories and design guidelines. These guidelines balance the need to move vehicles with the creation of a street environment that accommodates on-street parking, trans it stops, pedestrians and cyclists. A Street Conservation Area is also defined, encompassing the majority of the city's older neighborhoods where streets are narrower than modern standards. Within this area, street reconstruction and widening projects require Planning Commission approval to ensure that streetscape and pedestrian amenities are not sacrificed. The Master Plan reaffirms these policies and guidelines and recommends that they be augmented in preparing future neighborhood and area-specific plans that interpret the Master Plan's recommendations in greater detail. These area-specific plans should designate pedestrian priority streets and coordinate land use decisions and development guidelines with those designations. Safe Streets - Recent research suggests that slower travel speeds mean safer streets with fewer accidents and injuries. Like many cities, Grand Rapids is now undertaking traffic calming projects that slow traffic by effectively narrowing the perceived street width, using curb bump-outs and sma ll diameter roundabouts located at intersections. The Master Plan recommends a continued coordinated approach and financial support for these initiatives (on both residential and shopping streets) to ensure that faster moving traffic is not simply displaced from one street to another. In addition, for new development projects, standards that allow narrower street widths should be considered. Walkable Streets - Even streets that carry high volumes of traffic can act as seams, rather than barriers between neighborhoods if they are designed to: • provide streetscapes that create a comfortable, human scale environment; • include on-street parking and planting zones to protect pedestrians from travel lanes; 5,dewalk Parkway • use traffic calming techniques to slow vehicles; and THIS • provide well defined crossing points. The location and treatment of off-street parking, and the number and design of driveways (especially those serving non-residential uses) also influence walkability. Parking lots located adjacent to the sidewalk, especially if they occupy significant street frontage and/ or are not softened and screened by landscaping, create an environment that is not hospitable to people on foot. In contrast, buildings located close to the sidewalk, with entries, windows and/or storefronts oriented to the street, create a sense of human scale and add activity and visual interest. This model can be applied to residential, commercial, institutional or industrial development, but it is essential in the core of the city's traditional business areas and neighborhood, village and sub-regional mixed-use centers. (See 10.4 - Traditional Business Area - Page 127 for one example.) In addition to the design of the street environment, the design of the larger street network has an impact on walkability. Streets that create connections within and between neighborhoods, and to shopping, jobs, parks and schools, are needed. Small blocks and variations on a grid of streets multiply connections; large blocks and cul-de-sacs limit connections (see Section 10.9 - Higher Quality Medium and High-Density Residential Design - Page 137). Finally, the distribution of land uses influences walkability. As a result, the Master Plan recommends encouraging mixed-use development that locates homes, shopping, jobs, and schools within easy walking distance of one another. • Page81 • ,,,..- Ro21dw21y !:>idewalk Ro,,dway NOT THIS --------........__ / / ' I I pede~tnaizone I out omob,le z.one "' \ I I I \ \ \ \ ' ' ll!ustrar:ions from the Screet Classification Polit-y that show how to create a pedestrian friendly streetscape. Plan Grand Rapids • Balanced Transportation - Chapter 6 e �Street Redesign Studies - Several additional street redesign studies were suggested by community participants during the preparation of the Master Plan. These include: • East Leonard Street, from Plainfield to East Beltline, where the varying number of lanes and lane configurations create bottlenecks and safety concerns; • Seward Avenue, where extensions north to Ann Street and south to Wealthy Street would provide a continuous north-south surface street connection on the Near West Side. 6.3.3 , . Highways Division Avenue is an important image street (rendering from the Heartside Mainstreet Charette). e Image Streets - Certain high traffic volume streets that serve as gateways to Grand Rapids, especially those on which the addition of higher density residential development will be encouraged, deserve special treatment to create a positive image for the city overall and to enhance their appeal as reinvestment locations. Boulevard treatments or other similar enhancements - for example, street tree plantings, improved sidewalk paving, street signs and street lights - on these streets would dramatically improve their appearance. The Master Plan identifies 28 th Street, Division Avenue and Michigan Street west of Fuller as important image streets (Figure 6.c- Transportation Framework: Streets Map - Page 80). Other gateway streets that should be considered as image streets include North Monroe, Fulton, Leonard, Plainfield, Lake Michigan Drive, Market and Grandville. The engineering and cost feasibility of creating enhanced streetscape on these streets should be given special consideration. Chapter 6 - Bal.a.need Transportation • Pl.an Grand Rapids • Page 82 • Limited access highways within a city often create significant barriers by limiting or eliminating street connections and/ or ignoring pedestrian and bicycle needs in the design of underpasses and bridges. In Grand Rapids, the design of US-131 - especially on the we t bank of the Grand River to the north of Downtown - is an extreme example of this phenomenon. The Master Plan recommends that strategies for eliminating or minimizing this barrier be explored to reconnect Near West Side neighborhoods to the river. (See Chapter 7 - A Community that Enriches Our Lives - Page 89.) In the longer term, when major reconstruction of this segment of US-131 is being planned, the Master Plan recommends that the possibility of eliminating the US-131 embankment be explored to create an at-grade urban boulevard (with appropriate surface street travel speeds) between Ann Street and 1-196. In conjunction with this redesign, east-west streets should be extended to the riverfront. Although it may take decades for this recommendation to be implemented, interim steps can be taken to reduce the barrier that the US-131 embankment creates. These include improving the existing pedestrian tunnel at 10th Street and creating new street �extensions and underpasses at 7,h and/ or 8 th Street where there is adequate vertical clearance. As other highway improvements are planned, designed and implemented on both US-131 and 1-196, the Master Plan recommends that opportunities for improving street connectivity and enhancing pedestrian and bicycle access (by widening sidewalks and adding bike lanes) be given serious consideration. This will require coordination among city departments and neighborhood and business organizations, as well as the Michigan Department of Transportation. 6.3.4, Parking Parking is a complex and controversial planning issue. Nevertheless, a balanced transportation system must include a balanced approach to parking management. Critical parking management variables include: • the amount of off-street parking required for different land uses and types of development; • the way in which off-street parking is located and designed; • the availability of on-street parking; and • how the costs for both on- and off-street parking are assigned and who bears those costs. Decisions on how parking is managed can have a tremendous influence on neighborhood livability, business district vitality, the cost and financial feasibility of new development and the price of housing and other real estate for sale or rent. Parking management can also affect the following: • individual decisions on whether to take the bus, cycle or walk - rather than finding, and possibly paying for, a place to park a private automobile; • the amount of traffic on city streets (and the air quality impacts of tail pipe emissions); • the amount of impermeable, paved land area and the volume (and pollutant loading) of surface runoff; and • the extent to which compact, walkable development patterns can be achieved. Supply Like many other cities, Grand Rapids specifies a minimum number of off-street parking spaces that must be provided for different types of land uses in its current zoning code. These minimum parking requirements appear to be based on national standards geared to suburban, rather than urban, development patterns. With the exception of the Downtown area, the same standards apply no matter where in the city a particular use is located. This approach fails to reflect differences in actual parking demand patterns or to take advantage of the potential to use variations in parking requirements as an incentive in implementing both transportation and development objectives. The Master Plan recommends that alternative approaches to parking management be explored. For example, the city could adopt lower parking requirements - or replace parking minimums with parking maximums - in those portions of the city that are located within easy walking distance of transit routes (including job centers) or are designed to incorporate a mix of housing, jobs, retail and services. This would provide a potentially significant financial incentive to encourage mixed-use development, the restructuring of traditional business areas and the creation of neighborhood, village and sub-regional centers. Similarly, available on-street parking could be counted in meeting total parking requirements to reduce the area that must be devoted to surface parking lots. In many instances, shared parking lots (and decks) that serve the needs of a district are a more land • Page 83 • Improving access under US 131 w connect West Side neighborhoods to the Grand River should be given serious consideration. Plan Grand Rapids • Balanced Transportation - Chapter 6 C:) �Parking areas should be designed for minimal impact on the visual quality and pedestrian orientation on the street. efficient and cost effective parking strategy than requiring each property owner to provide his/her own off-street parking. This shared parking approach is especially helpful in maintaining a more compact development pattern and a continuous block face. The Master Plan recommends that shared parking also be encouraged to ensure that uses which experience differing peak parking demands do not provide redundant parking. In areas where incentives for reinvestment are needed, the city may play a more active role in planning and developing shared district parking lots or ramps. Initiatives for managing the supply of parking, especially in the older parts of the city, require coordinated efforts to avoid the potential negative effects of parking spillover onto neighborhood streets. Many communities use resident permit parking programs to control these impacts. Demand New approaches for managing the supply of parking must be coordinated with strategies for managing parking demand. One of the most effective strategies for managing demand is to ask drivers to pay for the parking they use. This would make some of the true costs of parking more visible and distribute them more equitably. Another, less politically challenging, approach is the use of transportation demand management (TDM) programs. These programs require large employers to provide incentives for employees to use transit, car- or van-pools, or walk or cycle to work. Major employers can also be encouraged to develop financial incentive programs that allow and encourage employees to purchase homes within walking distance of work, These employer-assisted housing programs can take many forms, but often include low-interest loans and/or assistance with closing costs. (:) Chapter 6 - Balanced Transportation • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 84 • Design The guidelines for mixed-use recommend that parking be located and designed to minimize its impact on the visual quality and pedestrian orientation of the street environment (Chapter 10 - Development Character - Page 117). 1n addition, all development - even on auto-oriented strip commercial corridors - should be required to provide landscape screening on parking lot edges adjacent to the street, as well as those adjacent to residential uses. Landscaping should be required within parking lots to provide visual relief, shade and a more human sense of scale. Wherever possible, these landscaped zones should also serve as runoff infiltration areas. 6.3.5 , Bike Routes The bicycle element of the Long Range Transportation Plan for the Grand Valley Region (1996) proposes that 3% of all regional travel trips be made by bicycle in the short term and that 10% of all trips be converted to bicycle trips in the longer term. To accomplish these goals, energy and resources must be focused on providing more and better on-street bicycle facilities and bike paths that accommodate both recreational trips and trips to work, shopping and school. In the following chapter, the creation of a primary open space framework is recommended, composed of greenways and on-street bicycle/pedestrian corridors that link all areas of the city to major parks, the river and the developing county and regional trail network. The configuration of this primary open space framework, in combination with the bike routes proposed in the 1996 Long Range Transportation Plan (Figure 6.a - GVMC Long-Range Public Transportation Plan - Page 78 and Figure 6.d - Transportation Framework: Non-Motorized - Page 85), should serve as a starting point in establishing priorities for future bike route planning and development. �• KNAPP/ --~ Reducing Car Dependence ---'-Lj.JUIJ!.l:,J. ~r'-'+--"-"'.,.C.....L..-❖--.!:!:~ E ' ~ Reducing dependence on the automobile and providing choice in travel modes yields many benefits. I I \ \ • Increased mobility for the elderly, too young, or with means too limited to be able to drive a car. / ~/ I I I • Reduced congestion and time spent in commuting . ........... 1 1/ I / ------ , _____ J I I I \ • Increased convenience in reaching necessary travel destinations. I PROPOSED BICYCLE LANE f,3VMG8icydeAallePlai1900j EXISTING TRAIL • Reduced need for land devoted to parking at multiple destinations. PROPOSED TRAIL PARKS, OPEN SPACES & CEMETERIES __ _ I I I I I ,_ -- __ , 'I I ~ . .... I I ,__ "~ I l I I I __ _._II 1 I I I I I I ____ . I I • Tax revenues that can be re-allocated from roadways to other important purposes. 1 _, I ,____ ~. I r---- I I ilrH -, ' I I ' I I ----h-1 I I I I -- I I I I I I I I I I I • Reduced consumption of nonrenewable resources and improved air quality. ~~ t---'-t-~-4--2~~~---u...+----!- - - I i \ I I I • Page 85 • Plan Grand Rapids • Balanced Transportation · Chapter 6 e �oeoeeo: Objective BT 1 Improve and expand transit service. a. Support implementation of the 1996 Long-Range Public Transportation Plan. b. Assist in assessing the feasibility of fixed guideway routes and alternative transit modes within the city and the region (Figure 6.b - Transportation Framework: Transit Map - Page 79). c. Coordinate land use and transportation planning to make transit convenient, efficient and affordable. d. Locate higher density housing on or within walking distance of transit routes. Photo courtesy of ArtWorks &;panded Visions 2001 youth apprenticeship program. 6~4 ~ Objectives and Policies The following objectives and policies summarize what needs to be done to achieve the vision and plan recommendations presented on the preceding pages so that Grand Rapids can effectively balance transportation modes. Above each objective is a line of theme icons. The icons illustrate how a particular objective is interrelated with another Master Plan theme. See Page 24 for a description of each theme. e. Encourage transit-supportive development densities in proposed neighborhood, village and sub-regional mixed-use centers. f. Ensure that major employment and activity centers are well served by transit. g. Encourage building placement and parking design that facilitate access to transit stops. h. Include transiHelated improvements in the planning and design of street improvement projects. i. Ensure that transit is accessible to persons with disabilities. b. Balance through-traffic and commuter needs with the need for pedestrian quality in neighborhoods, neighborhood business districts and Downtown. c. Encourage the development of a connected street network that disperses traffic. d. Target roadway and streetscape improvements to assist in the revitalization of neighborhoods and business districts and encourage mixed-use development. e. Undertake a street redesign study on East Leonard Street from Plainfield to East Beltline. f. Extend Seward Avenue north to Ann Street and South to Wealthy Street. oeoeeo: Objective BT 3 Design all streets to be safe and walkable and to present a pleasing image of the city. a. Incorporate the recommendations and standards included in the city's Street Classification Policy (and updates) as part of the Master Plan (Figure 6.c - Transportation Framework: Streets Map - Page 80). b. Ensure that city streets are well paved and that streets and alleys are well lit, well landscaped and well maintained. Objective BT 2 Coordinate land use and transportation planning to provide safe and appropriate vehicular access to all areas of the city. C:) Chapter 6 - Balanced Transportation • Plan Grand Rapids a. Locate industrial and commercial land uses, and manage truck traffic, to avoid the use of residential streets. • Page 86 • c. Continue the coordinated use of traffic calming strategies to slow travel speeds and improve safety. �d. Encourage the development of more walkable streets by: • cooperating in planting and maintaining street trees; • requiring safe and attractive sidewalk paving; • creating well defined cross walks; • promoting the placement of buildings close to the sidewalk with entries, windows and storefronts oriented to the street. e. Design residential streets for the minimum right-of-way and pavement width necessary for aesthetically pleasing walks and parkways, travel lanes, on-street parking and emergency vehicle access. f. Identify important city gateway corridors (e.g. 28 th Street, South Division Avenue and Michigan Street west of Fuller); provide streetscape improvements (including possible boulevard treatments) to create a positive image for the city and attract reinvestment. g. Recognize the importance of alleys in traditional and urban neighborhoods and promote alley improvement projects. oeoeo: Objective BT 4 Reduce the extent to which highways create barriers to movement between neighborhoods, business areas and the Grand River. a. Encourage the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) to evaluate the feasibility of redesigning US-131 (from 1-196 to Ann Street) as an at-grade urban parkway when major reconstruction is planned. f. Establish regulations and incentives to locate b. Take immediate steps to reduce the barrier created by the US-131 embankment by improving the existing pedestrian tunnel and creating underpasses to extend 7th and/ or 8 th Street to the river's edge. and screen parking to minimize its impact on the view from the street. g. Develop policies to discourage demolition of buildings exclusively for surface parking use. c. Seek opportunities for improving street connectivity and pedestrian/ bicycle access as highway improvements are planned, for example on l-196. Objective BT 5 Encourage the more efficient provision of parking and reduce its impact on the city's appearance and walkability. h. Consider the feasibility of providing structured parking in densely developed business districts where extensive surface parking would negatively impact pedestrian character. i. To reinforce the role and importance of alleys in providing services to compact residential and commercial areas (e.g. garbage collection, utilities and parking) promote alley improvement projects. a. Coordinate transit and parking strategies. b. Allow reductions in required off-street parking (or the replacement of required minimum amounts with maximum amounts) in areas that are within easy walking distance (1/4 mile) of transit routes and/or planned to incorporate a mix of housing, jobs, retail and services. c. Encourage shared parking; manage parking in neighborhood business areas on a shared, district-wide basis. d. Encourage the development of transportation demand management programs by major employers and at major employment and activity centers to reduce peak hour congestion and on-site parking needs. Objective BT 6 Improve bicycle access. a. Prepare plans to guide the development of efficient and pleasant citywide bike routes that connect neighborhoods and link them to the Grand River, parks, schools, and business districts. b. Design bike routes to meet national standards. c. Encourage bike/ transit linkages (e.g., bus bike racks; bike storage lockers at major transit stops). e. Adopt policies to avoid potential spillover parking on neighborhood streets (for example, resident parking permit programs). • Page 87 • Plan Grand Rapids • Balanced Transportation - Chapter 6 e �7~O ~ A City that Enriches Our Lives 7~ 1 -- Introduction The quality of life in Grand Rapids plays an important role 1n determining whether people will choose to live, shop, work and spend leisure time in the city. Many factors influence quality of life including schools, environmental quality, open space and recreation and the attractiveness of the built environment. The Master Plan focuses on the Grand River, open space, the city's heritage and urban design as important quality of life considerations. • Page 89 • Plan Grand Rapids • A City that Enriches our Lives - Chapter 7 e �-------- --- 7.2.1 , . Building On Our Assets Grand Rapids will be a city where green spaces are valued, protected and preserved to enhance neighborhoods, provide community gathering places and sustain the invaluable treasure of wildlife and nature. We will succeed in making our most important natural feature - the Grand River - increasingly visible and usable by converting older riverfront industrial sites to parks and new development that welcomes people to the river's edge. We will recreate the rapids in the river as a reminder of our heritage. What Makes a Healthy City? itJ Topic: G,..+ of.I., N~,,~1,.,1, ..ls The citizens of Grand Rapids expressed the following beliefs concerning what makes a quality li\'ing environment. • Neighborhood parks and open space contribute to healthy neighborhoods. More than 2,500 people participated in the Master Plan process. • We should preserve, enhance and add to green space in the city. 7 ~2 ~ Visions • Neighborhoods need community/recreation centers for classes, meetings and other activities. One of the first steps of the master plan process was to ask the citizens of Grand Rapids what they would like to see the city look like twenty years from now. At the first community forum more than 300 people came together to discuss the future of Grand Rapids. Their discussion was guided by the information gathered during a series of neighborhood and business association meetings and discussion guide responses collected in the first two months of the planning process. Eleven major categories summarized key issues and provided participants a variety of discussion topics from which to choose. The beliefs and issues used at the forum were developed from the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats identified previously. Statements and images that described a vision, or preferred future, for Grand Rapids were then created by forum participants in small groups. The following visions emerged. • Trails and bikeways should interconnect with our city parks. • Tree lined streets contribute to healthy neighborhoods. • Green spaces along our rivers and streams should be expanded to help protect and enhance water quality. • Public places should become neighborhood landmarks. • Community gardens should be devdoped. T he ability to attract and retain residents and a skilled workforce is increasingly tied to a community's quality of life - including its recreational and open space opportunities, its environmental quality, its schools and the quality of its built environment. TI1e Mastt:r Plan recognizes the importance of these quality of life characteristics and gives special attention to creating an open space and trail network tied to expanded open space and mixed-use opportunities along the Grand River. G) Chapter 7 -A City that Enriches our Lives • Pl.an Grand Rapids • Page 90 • f~ Issue: CbML- i- ~Aa'fllfTJ/ p_ [D IIJ 1 -----SR-Qi;·~~} Picture/Symbo ■ _ Posters are from the first Master Plan Community Forum held at Central High School in March 2001. �The 1923 Master Plan Recognized the Importance of Parks and Open Space. \JJ, k41 l'I • tP1. ,__ , ~411.. e,.., •~ - l ,-•~ ,.,._r~•• ,..(\ f..,f "t .._,.."- Jt,J;:,,. ,._ "'-U•.... JI.,-.. fL.1--c.... ..,t~ .. •"""'- ..A""-;..J.~1,.,..,t.J.., ( • .4"~,. • '"""""'Wit. ..,...-r ,..cL.-, 1.,;,,l,, ,..-s~ ... ,-1. fUTUl\E A PLAN fOlt G&OWLH Of iHE Parks and Pleasure A System of Large . Drives to Encircle the City Vision Statement for more and • gro,vs the nectSStty As TH t ory ·es oUl-side w i\l become 1 Picture/Symbol l,l<g<:< bre.l<hmg •Po" . .-11 . dd more , J.n..-nt, and (t.-w thmgs "\\ t a more lpp. . . be cnioymetu of to ,he dotrabihty of J oty e P"'ks , t easy • . le rh,10 a v;\flety O g It> peop . broad and s,glnly ple\SU<c lo:,: ,fo,tancc re.Kht..-d by _ ests such .i The nup on clw, page sugg <lr1ve-. rks oocsid~ the Ot)' S)'Stt1"0 1nvohms J <lozell pa . ( connecung drives. This pb.n and :1 scud o su cSfive ,m<l othet att'J.!. is, of cour.;e. mc:rdy gp. emsetvcs .,s JUOCl: .11\y pccscnl th m,ly c..'\·~tu e o{ d,ese parks the cicy ha!t .,ppropnatc. ~ ,le. Hodenpyl park .uow,J already ocqwrc Yg hough JJd,cion<1\ Rcc...--ds LUi.e for inst3.ncc,_ t territory J.<lJoi1ung tt ,s dcs1rabh:.. Pl a st e r Cree\.. Park , creage along o,,,ned by tbt: Ot)' and its narural "-.. _ _ _ _......;.;..;;..a_a.,__ _ _ _ _ W.S.TrimTaat sources will be dc· vclopeu. The parks should offer varying at uaaion:>. One. for i1\sr.mce might be :i woodland m irs 7.2.2 .. Parks and Recreation natural stl.t e.. J. place where ch e lovet of bords sod Grand Rapids will have safe parks and community centers with lots of supervised activities for children of all ages - from sports to the arts. Our success in engaging youth and families in our diverse recreational programs will strengthen our community and provide opportunities for young people to chart a constructive life course. We will also make great progress in developing a system of greenway corridors that link neighborhoods to parks, to one another and to regional and state trail systems. ftowt:rs could c.-njoy them. AnO{hc:r • anirna\ park to which should b \; moved the J o h " Ball 1.00. A tlmd a Roral oc t,or,n ical pack, ;i founh a ,v-a{er pa.rk of sueams a.od fountains and water {a\\s. \Vich no two alike the,' would hold unending m- .u\ cercst CO al\· [271 • Page91 • Plan Grand Rapids • A City that Enriches our Lives - Chapter 7 e �7 .3.1 , The Grand River VIEW As Grand Rapids' most significant natural asset, the Grand River can and should play an increasingly important role in enhancing the city's quality oflife. This can be achieved by continuing to expand the visibility of the river and improving access to and along its edges. Today, industrial development and highways limit the extent to which people can see, access and enjoy the riverfront. A new land use pattern that encourages open space and mixed-use development is needed to create a variety of people-oriented destinations. Existing riverwalk segments should also be extended along the entire length of the Grand River with connectors to neighborhoods across the city. These ideas are not new; they build on the city's 1923 Master Plan, Grand River Edges Plan and Central Area River Land Policy recommendations formulated in the 1980's. The Master Plan expands on these ideas to reflect a broader vi ion for making the Grand River the focus of a larger open space system. OP FUTURE GRAND RAPIDS SHOWING EFFECT OF IMPROVEMENTS PROPOSED JN CITY PUN CITY PLANNING DEPARTMENT - Drawing from City of Grand Rapids Master Plan, 1923. ,;,c ,, 7~3 ~ Plan Recommendations To provide a basis for achieving these visions, plan recommendations focus on: • capitalizing on the Grand River as one of the city's greatest assets; • expanding green space and recreational opportunities; and • quality urban design. 1 On the west hank of the GranJ River M>Uth ofW!!alchy 'trc(t, planning i..'I underway for the of Marker Sircet) become part of the cnntinuom, riverfront open space/trail ~yMem. Chapter 7 -A City that Enriches our Lives • Plan Grand Rapids Page 21), the Master Plan recommends that a change in land use be encouraged along the riverfront north of Wealthy Street 1 from industry to open space and mixed-use. In the area north of I-196, east of US-131 (on the west side) and west of Monroe Avenue (on the east side), this mix of uses should give priority to: • the addition of open space available to area residents, patrons, employees and the public; • continuous public access along the river edge; • medium- and high-density residential development on the riverfront. tk-velopme.nr of a park on the Butterworth L1nJfill. TI,is new riverfmnt park will link to Kenr County's planned Millennium Park lor.ued directly to the south on 1he GranJ River :i.nd Kent Trails. On tht' ea.,r hllnk of the Grand River, the Ma:;f(,;'f Plan propose:; that the river cd~e (w1..-st e Mixed-Use As shown in the Future Land Use Map (Figure 2.a - • Page 92 • New job-generating uses along the riverfront could include offices, educational or cultural uses and hotels. Retail, restaurant and/or entertainment can also �be encouraged as accessory uses located in the same building as a primary residential, office or hotel use. A mix of uses within a single building or development parcel should be encouraged. Development densities that capitalize on the value of a riverfront location, and careful control of surface parking, are recommended. Light industrial uses may also be appropriate in certain locations and under certain conditions. On the east side of the river, existing light industrial uses may remain and/or existing light industrial buildings may be reused for non-polluting, job-generating activities, including office use. Because of the narrow dimensions of this riverfront zone, the expansion of existing industrial uses should require special approval and new industrial development should be discouraged. However, new and expanded light industrial use can be an appropriate component of the mixed-use area located to the east of Monroe Avenue. On the west bank of the river, more complete redevelopment is anticipated in the riverfront zone to the east of US-131. The expanded mix of uses here could include new light industry. Nevertheless, this light industrial development should require special approval and, as noted above, medium- and highdensity housing and open space should be given priority on the river edge. Encouraging a new mix of uses in industrial areas on the riverfront (and near Downtown) is an important strategy in creating a human-scale, walkable and transit-supportive city. To be successful, these mixeduse areas must be carefully planned and designed to provide incremental transitions in use intensity and building scale, coherence in architectural design and a pedestrian-friendly public realm. Performance standards are also needed to control impacts (for example, noise and truck traffic) that can reduce the quality of life. In this riverfront zone, additional standards that protect the river's water quality, habitat value and flood control functions are also appropriate. Figure 7 .a .. Examples of Riverfront Mixed--Use and Greenspace Design Linkages to adjacent community Mixed use development clustered between street ends and open space pen space at d street ends open space G A A N D A V E A Linkages to adjacent community Mixed use development Urban boulevard 5# -- riverfront open space G A A N • Page 93 • D A V E A Plan Grand Rapids • A City that Enriches our Lives - Chapter 7 G) �Figure 7 .b -Greenway Connections The spine of the open space system is the Grand River and all of its tributaries. Connecting people to these tributaries and the River are considered primary objectives of open space planning. A continuous open space loop should connect each of the sub areas. Recommended Development Objectives for All MixedUse Areas are presented in Figure 3.g - Page 37. Descriptions of the Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special Considerations for Mixed-Use Areas are presented in Figure 3.h - Page 38 (see Mixed-Use Area Type B). In addition, two examples of how plan recommendations and guidelines might be applied on the riverfront (on the Near West Side and in the vicinity of Plainfield and Leonard) are provided in Figure 7.a Examples of Riverfront Mixed-Use and Greenspace Design - Page 93 and Supplement B. These Master Plan materials provide a starting point for undertaking more detailed area-specific plans for each proposed mixed-use area. These area-specific plans should determine where existing development should be protected and enhanced and where future redevelopment should be encouraged. These more detailed planning efforts, undertaken with the collaboration of the city, area land owners, developers, residents and business owners, are essential in establishing a foundation for successful mixed-use development (see Chapter 11 -Area-Specific Plans - Page 151). River Connections • L. I Within each sub area, more detailed community-based planning should define appropriate linkages and park initiatives. e Chapter 7 - A City that Enriches our Lives • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 94 • The Master Plan endorses the recommendation originally proposed in the Grand River Edges plan that a continuous riverfront walkway be created on both sides of the Grand River to connect the proposed Millennium Park (on the south) to Riverside Park (on the north). In addition, the Master Plan recommends that connections between inland neighborhoods and the riverfront be improved. As described in the preceding chapter (Balanced Transportation), West Side neighborhoods could be reconnected to the river by altering the profile of US-131, improving existing pedestrian tunnels, and/or creating new underpasses to allow streets to be extended to the riverfront. Less dramatic but equally important changes are recommended on other portions of the river to improve its accessibility from inland neighborhoods. �Figure 7 .c .. Open Space Framework These include the creation of additional public open spaces at the riverfront termini of selected east-west streets and at bridge crossings, as well as improved sidewalks, street tree plantings and bike lanes on selected streets leading to the river. As noted above, Supplement B presents two examples that illustrate how decisions on land use, development character and streetscape investments can help to enhance connections to the river from inland neighborhoods. w z 4MLE ~ w ID ! 3Ml.E ~ Primary Open Space Framework To increase the value of the Grand River to all city neighborhoods, the Master Plan recommends establishing a primary open space framework that links the river to a network of greenways (off street) and an on-street system of designated pedestrian and bicycle connections (Figure 7.b - Greenway Connections Map - Page 94 and Figure 7.c - Open Space Framework Plan Map - Page 95). TI1e framework's greenway components follow (and in some instances, suggest day lighting) the river's tributary creeks to provide expanded recreational opportunities and improved walk/bike links. Just as importantly, the greenways can provide opportunities for creating habitat corridors and detaining and/or filtering stormwater runoff to improve water quality and reduce flood risk. The riverwalk and greenway components of the primary open space framework are complemented by on-street pedestrian and bicycle connections that link major destinations within the city and provide connections to existing and proposed regional trails at the city's edges. In addition, a Legacy Trail is proposed along Fulton Street, Lake Drive and Wealthy Street to connect John Ball Park to Reeds Lake/ John Collins Park in East Grand Rapids. This Legacy Trail, which follows a former streetcar line, could be developed in a variety of ways (for example, streetscape improvements, historic interpretive displays, public art, antique trolley) to highlight the city's history. O'BRIEN • ,_,, •__,, l - +-- -1 i i L i . ·-7" !i OPEN SPACE & NATURAL FEATURES NETWORK (On SlmeQ OPEN SPACE & NATUflAL FEATUFlES NETWOflK (OIi SlmeQ I LEGACY TRAIL i PARKS CE'-ETERIES OPEN SPACES & GOLF COURSES POTENTIAL CENTER NEIGHBORHOOD CENTER VILLAGE CENTER SUB - REGIONAL CENTER • Page 95 • Plan Grand Rapids • A City that Enriches our Lives - Chapter 7 e �7.3.2, Parks and Open Space People in Grand Rapids want to capitalize on the potential of parks and open spaces to improve neighborhood quality of life, bring residents together and build organizational capacity and pride. The recommended primary open space framework establishes a starting point for more detailed planning of open space and pedestrian and bike connections within three sub-areas of the city (Figure 7.b Greenway Connections Map - Page 94). The definition of this secondary open space framework should be undertaken in collaboration with neighborhood and business organizations and the Planning Department, as the Park and Recreation Department periodically updates its plans. In addition, the preparation of neighborhood and mixed-use areaspecific plans, that build on the Master Plan's broader recommendations, is also anticipated. These areaspecific plans will provide additional opportunities to coordinate more detailed planning for parks, open space and pedestrian and bicycle linkages with decisions on land use and development character. People in Grand Rapids want to capitalize on the potential of parks and open spaces to improve neighborhood quality of life, bring residents together and build organizational capacity and pride. The reuse of vacant lots as community gardens, play areas or beautifully landscaped and maintained focal points provides an opportunity for residents to cooperate in creating a tangible improvement in the quality of life on their street or in their neighborhood. New and improved park spaces that create an attractive residential environment (for example, on the riverfront) or that are designed and programmed to draw people and activity (for example, in a mixeduse center core) can also enhance an area's appeal to private investors. In addition, parks and open spaces can enhance urban residents' understanding of, and appreciation for, natural systems and environmental stewardship. G) Chapter 7 -A City that Enriches our Lives • Plan Grand RapicLs • Page 96 • Park and Recreation Master Plan The city's Park and Recreation Master Plan, which is updated every five years, was updated in coordination with the preparation of this Master Plan. As a result, the goals and guidelines that constitute the action plan of the Parks and Recreation Master Plan are closely aligned with the visions, plan recommendations, objectives and policies presented here. In addition, the Parks and Recreation Master Plan evaluated the amount and distribution of park acreage throughout the city based on national standards. The findings of this analysis, presented in Figure 7.d- Parks Deficits Map - Page 97, provide a quick and general visual summary of park and open space deficiencies that need to be addressed. Open Space Issues During the preparation of the Master Plan, citizen input emphasized the need to provide additional green space, particularly within the densely developed central city. Three park and open space issues of particular importance were identified: • the potential for road rights-of-way to serve as "green" corridors; • the opportunity to coordinate open space and stormwater management planning; and • the need to explore collaborative strategies for funding the development and maintenance of green spaces throughout the city. Green Streets - The visual quality and walkability of the city's streets have a significant influence on Grand Rapids' image and quality of life. Street trees, located in a planting zone between the sidewalk and the curb, create a comfortable environment for people on foot by providing shade in warm weather and a buffer to moving vehicles. Street trees also create a sense of scale, soften the urban setting and establish a unified foreground. Boulevarded streets �(with a landscaped median) can have an even more dramatic effect in greening the urban environment. More substantial streetscape investments are likely to be appropriate on high image streets that serve as gateway corridors to the city (see Chapter 6 - Balanced Transportation - Page 75) and on streets that are components of the primary open space framework. Nevertheless, the planting and maintenance of street trees should be a priority on all city streets. Stormwater Management - Natural infiltration (or percolation into the soil) is a more environmentally sustainable approach to managing the quantity and quality of stormwater runoff from impervious surfaces than directing it to catch basins and pipes that carry it to streams and rivers. But natural infiltration requires land - for landscaped swales that slow and filter runoff and for wetlands, ponds or detention basins - that can store runoff for later, controlled release. The Master Plan recommends that opportunities for retrofitting existing parks to help provide for stormwater management and natural infiltration be explored and that the acquisition and design of new parks consider potential stormwater management functions. In addition, as illustrated in Figure 7.c - Open Space Framework Map - Page 95, the Master Plan recommends creating a system of greenways along tributary streams to the Grand River. These greenways should include naturalized open channels that slow the velocity of the runoff they carry and bring that flow into contact with soil, vegetation, air and sunlight to allow the natural ecosystem to treat and infiltrate stormwater. Finally existing, publicly owned stormwater detention basins in the city should be redesigned to provide infiltration areas and/or created wetlands that enhance their stormwater management capability. These detention areas should also be landscaped to make them visual assets year around; informal recreation could also be allowed on some portions of these sites during the periods when they ____ r Figure 7.d . . Parks Deficits 4MLE I I / / w z /"'- :::, ~ w 4MLE f· ., j ....,,,...i / ~ i .,- / I 'KNAPP ; _r ~ .. . :"'1 / I......_.._N,.i@· ,..,_,, ® LAKE MCl11GAN DA · -, ~I i l..._ ® BRIDGE a: ·-··...l~ - 7J ® ,. •• ® ® WEALTliY ® FflANKUN I i. f' r· Downtown ,r I . ,-···-···-.! , ••- - - -• .~ i ® Ji' I l Pu;:;;:;::,ks 28TH 1 Al.I 1 ~ · -· . . 't..., ALGER Park Schools L -- 1 ! ~__//]- +-, -7 ~-·- -•-•-•·-· Recreation Planning Areas Westside Northend ~i ,.._,...l ro81NSON,' ClilCAGO DA County Recreation Facilities i . l· ~,.,.- --------·-··-t...1 • . L.-···- 1 Fl.It.TON ® ® i j J,.:,-·•-" i ~ ir ® 1-··-··-..·-·· -··7 ® O'BRIEN '--·r LEONARD ® @ M :-· - ..., .., ~ '1 Southeast Southwest South @:I Neighborhood Park Deficiency Mini-Park Deficiency .. ~~----.-......~~ ...,,.J~-.Ptl'"--1,1,j " ~ -1""-~.=,;9~=-=-===;::..::::_..,1 • Page 97 • --r----- 447~11--,-__ ~-, - - - ~'i,...,,_ :44°'T.u11_-t-- - - - - - - - _ \ Plan Grand Rapids • A City that Enriches our Lives - Chapter 7 c;) �• Provide park and recreation facilities and programs that are accessible to people of all ages, incomes and abilities. • Provide parks, recreation and special event facilities that meet the community's recreational needs, conserve natural resources and/or enhance access to the Grand River. • Increase internal and external awareness and support for the department. • Employ an informed and trained staff to carry out the mission, goals and objectives of the department and provide an environment fostering personal and professional growth. Figure 7.e, 2003,2007 Parks and Recreation Master Plan Goals • Increase walkability within the community to assist the city's goal to provide balanced transportation opportunities. • De\'elop a connected greenway system that protects natural features; provides habitat corridors; connects neighborhoods, parks and open space and links to regional and state trail systems. Grand River System • Recognize and understand the significant role that open space and recreation play in the stabilization and revitalization of neighborhoods. • Work with appropriate government agencies to provide a continuous trail system along the Grand River. Selected Guidelines • The Grand River corridor shou Id serve a:, the backbone and framework for the further development of a citywide non-motorized system. Provision of Additional Green Space • Improve and sustain quality of life by providing and coordinating servic<:s in neighborhoods. • Provide the resources for the maintenance, renovation and development of a high quality park and recreation system that meets the needs of the Grand Rapids community. • Strive to develop public green space within the city that is safe and attractive and serves as gathering places and destination venues. • Continue to involve the community, neighborhoods and residents in the development of policies, design improvements, acquisition and implementation of parks and open space. • Recognize the quality of life issues that will benefit from developing an open space system that relies on the ability to move around the city by foot, bike, etc. Chapter 7 - A City that Enriches Connectivity Community Enrichment Goals e • Work closely with the various neighborhood and business associations in the provision, improvement and maintenance of public spaces. OUT • Provide historical, cultural and environmental interpretation whenever possible to further enhance the recreation system and the community's exposure and understanding of these elements. • Devdop policy and protocol with the assistance of the Planning Department and other applicable city staff in regard to vacant lots within residential neighborhoods. • Evaluate underutilized green spaces such as existing stormwater retention facilities to provide useable open space that is aesthetically pleasing and multifunct10nal. Diversity Facility Development • Intensify the promotion of and participation in ethnic festivals. • Ensure inclusiveness in all departmental programs, services, activities and facilities by continuing efforts to make all park· and programs accessible ro people of all abilities. Collaboration • Continue to work closely with the public school district in the provision of recrearion opporwnities and understanding the effects and ramifications of recent and planned school closings. Lives • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 98 • • Conduct a feasibility study for the provision of recreation centers within the city. • Complete a conceptual master plan for the Butterworth Landfill. Funding • Aggressively pursue alternative funding sources for the provision of recreation facilities, programs and opportunities. �are not flooded (See Chapter 8 - A City in Balance with Nature - Page 103). Resources for Acquisition, Development and Maintenance - City resources that can be devoted to the acquisition, development and maintenance of parks, greenways, trails and streetscapes are limited. A,:, a result, creative strategies for providing the land and resources needed to achieve the Master Plan's recommendations must be explored. These might include: • opportunities to partner with civic, neighborhood or special interest organizations to provide open space improvements, maintenance and programming (for example, adopt-a-park or -street programs; community gardens; playground development); • soliciting the donation of land and/or easements; • partnering with the school district and other organizations to assist in the provision of land and facilities, particularly indoor recreation opportunities. 7.3.3 - Urban Design In Grand Rapids, people are concerned about the loss of architecturally and historically significant buildings and the quality and character of new development. To help address these concerns, sample development guidelines have been prepared as part of the Master Plan to illustrate how the community can be more proactive in describing the urban design objectives it wants to achieve and the factors that will be considered in reviewing and approving projects. These guidelines are presented in Chapter 10 - Development Character - Page 117 and address the topics below. additional guidelines to ensure that valued characteristics of the each neighborhood's existing development context are preserved as new development, infill and rehabilitation are undertaken. Mixed-Use - how to maximize the compatibility between different uses, densities and building types. Four situations are addressed in the context of the city's older neighborhoods: • infill development and parking in a traditional business district; • institutional mixed-use; • industrial mixed-use; and Opportunities may also exist for rethinking development regulations to shift some of the respon ibility for providing, developing and maintaining open space improvements to the private sector. Examples might include: • including requirements for usable, accessible public spaces in zoning regulations and allowing payments in lieu of providing those open spaces; • tree preservation, replacement and or planting requirements for new development (and payments in lieu); • requiring minimum landscape setbacks from rivers and streams; and • encouraging the u e of native plants/ landscaping. • reuse of a school site. In addition, guidelines are recommended for improving the visual quality and walkability of auto-oriented strip commercial development. Higher Quality, Higher Density Residential Development - how to encourage medium- and high-density residential development that is located and designed to complement existing patterns. Green Space in the Central City - how to provide more green space in densely developed areas. Chapter 10 - Development Character - Page 117 also presents a preliminary evaluation of the characteristics that distinguish five different types of neighborhoods in Grand Rapids as the starting point for developing • Page 99 • /11 Grand Rapids, people are concerned about the Loss of architecturally and historica!!y significant buildings and the quality and character of new de\!elopment. Plan Grand Rapids • A City that Enriches our Lives - Chapter 7 e �Objective EOL I Objective EOL 2 Make the Grand River a recreational, aesthetic, economic and historic focus of the city. Promote the development of a system of greenways along tributary streams to the Grand River, as well as on,street pedestrian and bicycle corridors, to link all city neighborhoods to the river, major destinations and regional trail systems. a. Encourage a change in land use north of Wealthy Street from industry to open space and mixed-use (see Figure 2.a - Future Land Use Map Page 21, Figure 3.g - Development Objectives for All Mixed-Use Areas - Page 37 and Figure 3.h- Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special Considerations for Mixed-Use Areas: Type B - Page 38). Photo courtesy of ArcWorks Expanded Visions 2001 youth apprenticeship program. b. Pursue the planning and development of a city park on the former Butterworth Landfill; link this new park to the county's proposed Millennium Park. c. Extend the riverwalk system from Riverside Park to the proposed Millennium Park; include a riverwalk connection on the east bank of the Grand River located west of Market Street in the area sou th of Downtown (see Figure 7.c - Open Space Framework Plan Map - Page 95). 7.4 ~ Objectives and Policies The following objectives and policies summarize what needs to be done to achieve the vision and plan recommendations presented on the preceding pages so th.at Grand Rapids can protect and capitalize on its natural and built assets. Above each objective is a line of theme icons. Highlighted icons illustrate how a particular objective is interrelated with another Master Plan theme. See Page 24 for a description of each theme. d. Evaluate the feasibility of returning the rapids to the Grand River. e. Improve connections between Near West Side neighborhoods and the river by evaluating the long-term feasibility of eliminating the US-131 embankment; make interim improvements to enhance pedestrian, bike and vehicular access under the embankment. f. Provide open spaces at the riverfront termini of selected east-west streets and at bridge crossings; provide coordinated pedestrian and bike improvements on these streets. e Chapter 7 - A City that Enriches OUT Lives • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 100 • (Figure 7.c - Open Space Framework Plan Map - Page 95.) a. Design greenways to protect natural features, provide habitat corridors and improve stom1water management, as wetl as providing bicycle and pedestrian connections. b. Provide streetscape, pedestrian and bicycle improvements on the on-street elements of the proposed primary open space system. c. Explore the potential for creating a Legacy Trail on Fulton Street/Lake Drive/Wealthy Street, connecting John Ball Park to John Collins Park. d. Continue to cooperate in the planning and development of a regional park system. oeoeeo: Objective EOL 3 Expand open space and recreational opportunities. a. Build on the proposed primary open space framework to undertake the more detailed planning of open spaces, parks and pedestrian/ bicycle links in cotlaboration with neighborhood and business organizations. �b. Support the acquisition and development of new parks and open space, giving special consideration to areas of the city with acreage and distribution deficits. c. Maintain existing parks and open spaces in a safe, clean and attractive condition. d. Continue to cooperate with the pubUc schools to provide joint park-school facilities. Update the park-school agreement to address school closure issues and maintain public access. Objective EOL 4 Objective EOL 6 Identify additional/alternative strategies for funding the acquisition, development and maintenance of parks and open spaces throughout the city. Emphasize urban design quality and place~making. a. Investigate the potential for partnerships with civic, neighborhood and special interest organizations. e. Maintain public land that is vacant in a parklike condition or make these sites available as community gardens. b. Revise development regulations to provide requirements and/ or incentives for private sector provision of useable, public open spaces. f. Design parks to optimize usability in response to community/ neighborhood needs and preferences. c. Continue to aggressively pursue state and federal funding. g. Include natural areas, wildlife habitat, native landscapes, stormwater management and environmental education in park planning and programming. h. Support expanded recreational programming for residents of all ages. i. Encourage multiple use of public buildings for community activities. j. Develop and operate recreation centers in different areas of the city. k. Capitalize on the potential of city streets to serve as green corridors. a. Document and establish consensus on valued visual and spatial characteristics within the community; develop strategies and tools, including urban design guidelines, for protecting those characteristics and encouraging compatibility in new development and rehabilitation projects. b. Protect and capitalize on important scenic views, landmarks and entrances to the city. c. Encourage the creation of spaces for informal social interaction in the design of private development and the public realm. Objective EOL 5 Build on our past. a. Make city history and historic preservation important values in land use and development decisions. Objective EOL 7 Recognize the arts as an essential resource to be nurtured and supported. b. Provide technical and support staff to identify districts with historic and architectural value and work with area property owners to assist in their designation to capture the benefit of historic tax credits. c. Encourage the preservation and adaptive reuse of historic and architecturally valuable structures. • Page 101 • Plan Grand Rapids • A City that Enriches our Lives - Chapter 7 Q �B~O ~ A City in Balance with Nature 8~ 1 , Introduction People in the City of Grand Rapids support planning approaches that protect natural resources, capitalize on existing infrastructure and honor the principles of Smart Growth. This chapter highlights Plan recommendations that provide an alternative to sprawl, promote balanced transportation, protect valued natural resources and better manage stormwater runoff. • Page 103 • Plan Grand Rapids • A City in Balance with Nature - Chapter 8 0 �• -How Should the City 8.2.1 , City As Center --- Grand Rapids and the metropolitan region will be national leaders in controlling urban sprawl. As a result, we will succeed in revitalizing the city's central core, strengthening long-established neighborhoods and protecting treasured green spaces. The quality of our neighborhood-based businesses, workplaces and schools will play an important role in maintaining our city's appeal to families, employers and investors. Promote Sustainability? The citizens of Grand Rapids expressed the following beliefs concerning how the city should consider the interests of narure and rhe environment. • It is important to support the advancement of green technology in the city. • We believe that everything is interconnected. • Preservation should be balanced with reuse. • We should follow guiding principles that are based on sustainable development and Smart Growth. • The Grand River and its watershed must be enhanced and protected. • Green spaces should he interconnected to accommodate wildlife. • 1l1e production of biosolids and other forms of waste should be minimized. • The quality of our air can be improved by placing a greater emphasis on mass transit. • Balance is essential in mass transit, auto and truck use. • Grand Rapids should be the "shining star"; an international leader in environmental problem solving. S ustainable development is an emerging trend that will affect land use patterns, construction techniques and development in the future. Green buildings, roof-top gardens, rain gardens and new technologies will influence the management of stormwater and strive to resolve many manmade problems. Some of these changes will be mandated by law, (for example the separation of combined sewers; stormwater and sanitary) and increasing pressures to improve water and regional air quality may result in more transit-supportive initiatives, regional watershed protection and waste reducrion initiatives. In recognition of the challenges ahead, the Master Plan Committee adopted the Hannover Principles as aspirational goals in formulating their guiding principles for this Master Plan (see Page 103). --- 0 -ti ~ At the fourth Community Forum more titan 150 people came together to discuss the future of Grand Rapids. Topic: - uda f<>b{Q a:m Issue: 1 f'nv,roTusjl lch,,r. -Spro..., J1 . 8.2 ~ Visions One of the first steps of the master plan process was to ask the citizens of Grand Rapids what they would like to see the city look like twenty years from now. At the first community forum more than 300 people came together to discuss the future of Grand Rapids. Their discussion was guided by the information gathered during a series of neighborhood and business association meetings and discussion guide responses collected in the first two months of the planning process. Eleven major categories summarized key issues and provided participants a variety of discussion topics from which to choose. The beliefs and issues used at the forum were developed from the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats identified previously. Statements and images that described a vision, or preferred future, for Grand Rapids were then created by forum participants in small groups. The fol.lowing visions emerged. Chapter 8 - A City in Balance with Nature • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 104 • Picture/Symbol - - - - - - - - - - - - - Wade-TrfmTeam Posters are from the first Master Plan Community Forum held at Central High School in March 2001. �• tr,,cn-~ -pA ~ Topic: ';u.'::rA1~ASl£ ~,.,,\ll~k . LlE- ~/IJ ~ Issue: [i§e.r..~ use 'f. wl\sr, 111,M,.,,21in,,-:i &..~ 0l( R, C, T( Master Plan for Grand Rapids, the committee endorses the concepts embodied by the Hannover Principles: l. Insist on rights of humanity and nature to co-exist in a healthy, supporti\'e, diverse and sustainable condition. w ILL 1fu1.ucf No 2. Recognize interdependence. The elements of human design interact with and depend upon the natural world, with broad and diverse implicatiom at every scale. Expand design considerations to recognizing even distant effects. /JJASrf Vision Statement The Hannover Principles "-P..;.ic.;.t.;.u;.;.r'-'e;.;./.;;.S...y_m .......b..;.o_l______ w....Trim Tum 8.2.2 , Sustainability We will be a sustainable city because of our balanced approach to transportation, our support for waste reduction, our reinvestment in developed areas and the diversity of our economy. Our transportation policies will pay dividends in improving air quality and our state-of-the-art stormwater management practices will reduce run-off volumes and improve water quality. We will also foster a culture that educates the community to the benefits of waste reduction and recycling and support the programs needed to move towards the goal of producing no waste. Grand Rapids will be nationally known as an environmental leader. We will be proud of our progress in promoting harmony between humanity and the built and natural environments. After being selected to host the 2000 World's Fair on the theme of "Humanity, Nature, and Technology," the City of Hannover, Germany commissioned William McDonough to develop a set of guiding design principles for the event. McDonough sought to inform the international design community of the issues inherent to sustainable design. Officially announced by Mr. McDonough at the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, the Hannover Principles offered one of the first comprehensi\'e statements on sustainability and the built en\'ironment. Today they remain a fundamental primer in the philosophy and practice of sustainable design. Widely recognized as a seminal expression on environmentally intelligent design, the Principles have inspired and influenced a wide array of other works and documents. Like the Master Plan, that serves as a general guide for future development of the city, the Hannover Principles address broad issues relative to sustainable design rather than a detailed checklist for green construction practices. The Hannover Principles should be seen as a li\ing document committed to the transformation and growth in the understanding of our interdependence with nature, so that they may adapt as our knowledge of the world evolves. The Master Plan Committee reviewed the Hannover Principles as a part of their background research on preparing a master plan. While not adopted as a part of the • Page 105 • 3. Respect relationships between spirit and matter. Consider all aspects of human settlement including community, dwelling, industry and trade in terms of existing and ernlving connections between spiritual and material consciousness. 4. Accept responsibility for the consequences of design decisions upon human well-being, the \'iability of natural systems and their right to co-exist. 5. Create safe objects of long-term. value. Do not burden future generations with requirements for maintenance or vigilant administration l,f potential danger due to the careless creation of products, processes or standards. 6. Eliminate the concept of waste. Evaluate and optimize the full life-cycle of products and processes, to approach the state of natural systems. in which there is no waste. 7. Rely on natural energy flows. Human designs should, like the living world, derive their creative force from perpetual solar income. Incorporate this energy efficiently and safely for responsible use. 8. Understand the limitations of design, No human creation lasts forever and design does nor soh:e all problems. Those who create and plan should practice humility in the face of nan1re. Treat nature as a model and mentor, not as an inconvenience to be e\'aded or controlled. 9. Seek constant improvement by the sharing of knowledge. Encourage direct and open communication between colleagues, patrons, manufacturers and users to link long term sustainable considerations with ethical respons1biliry, and re-establish the integral relationship between natural processes and human activity. Plan Grand Rapids • A City in Balance with Nature - Chapter 8 0 �■ 8~3 ~ Plan Recommendations Figure 8.a .. Environmentally Sensitive Lands To provide a basis for achieving these visions, plan recommendations focus on sustainable development patterns and stormwater management use. 3MILE 8.3.1 . . An Alternative to Sprawl LEONARD " "' .:-,. ~Le.,1,,,,~ '~,!l'~ __ ,.."1 \.c ft06~ O'BRIEN ~ i REED'S LAKE ~~ - ~··, HALL ,- Li,,:n '1',,-;'j f"' ' ,.i (. ; ¼\J. - -1 f- I ·"""-·" 28TH 1 _....., -:!,:'f 141:. i... ;-· ! ) -¥ <1:'....;e..,.-· ' j If ,.l '"""•-N ! ! 36TH I . • ' i <l ' 1 L...._... ~ _j Providing transportation choices to reduce auto dependence and encourage transit use, walking and cycling will also contribute directly to sustainable development and help to improve environmental quality in a number of ways (see Chapter 6 - Balanced Transportation - Page 75). For example, a shift from z a: ~t- 1:J.l Chapter 8 • A City in Balance with Nature • Plan Grand Rapids . 8.3.2 . . Automobile Alternatives !"""•· 44TH ,t, . . ~-..,·. _Fi. ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE LAND (Master Pl.., Amendments tom 1977, 84 & 98) -0 * .' ......., CONTOUR ELEVATION (20 toot intervals) ,.--. The preceding chapters have presented visions, plan recommendations, objectives and policies that can make Grand Rapids a more competitive alternative to greenfield development for many households and businesses in the metropolitan region (See Chapter 3 • Great Neighborhoods• Page 27, Chapter 4 • Vital Business Districts· Page 47 and Chapter 5 - A Strong Economy • Page 63). By encouraging reinvestment in already developed areas within the city's boundaries and by retaining and attracting more residents, businesses and jobs, Grand Rapids can lead the way to a more sustainable regional growth pattern. Nevertheless, significant cooperation among all of the units of government within the region, and the private sector, will be required to reduce development pressures on farmland, critical natural areas and open space. Grand Valley Metropolitan Council's 1994 Blueprint Report provides an initial agenda for modifying current (business as usual) development patterns to manage growth in a more sustainable way. This Master Plan supports and implements that agenda. • Page 106 • �single-occupancy vehicle commuting to other modes of transportation will reduce the consumption of nonrenewable resources and improve air quality by reducing tail pipe emissions. In addition, reduced auto dependence will reduce the need for parking at multiple destinations; less paved area for parking can reduce the quantity, and improve the quality, of stormwater runoff. 8.3.3 .,. Natural Resource Areas Today, Grand Rapids has no comprehensive inventory of natural resource areas (for example, wetlands, wooded areas, steep slopes, valuable habitat) that should be protected. Such an inventory is needed to help guide decisions on open space acquisition and to promote site planning that protects sensitive natural features (for example, through clustered development). The Master Plan recommends that a citywide inventory of natural resource areas be developed and maintained. TI1e Northeast Master Plan Amendment provides an example of the value of developing an inventory of sensitive lands in making future land use and development decisions (Figure 8.a - Environmentally Sensitive Lands Map - Page 106). In addition, the primary open space framework (see Chapter 7 -A City that Enriches Our Lives - Page 89) recommends that the environmental and recreational value of the Grand River and its tributaries be protected and celebrated by making them the focus of a greenway system. This proposed system of connected riparian corridors can enhance the ft.mction ing of the river ecosystem, as well as the community's understanding of it. 8.3.4, Storm.water Management Stormwater management, and its impact on water quality and flood risk, has been a significant issue in Grand Rapids. Substantial investments have been made (and more are anticipated) in separating combined sewers, providing stormwater storage capacity and developing standards for minimizing and managing stormwater on individual development sites. Some of the challenges for the future will be to explore the topics listed below. • Opportunities for undertaking collaborative stormwater management initiatives on a watershed (and sub-watershed) basis, involving all governmental units within the region. • Implementing natural infiltration alternatives to putting stormwater runoff in a pipe including, for example, "rain gardens," permeable paving and other runoff infiltration approaches. • Joint planning of stormwater detention areas and parks to capitalize on the potential to create facilities that meet recreational, stormwater management and environmental goals. To meet these challenges, it will be necessary for governments within the region - and city departments to work together. It is recommended that a "toolbox" of stormwater management alternatives be developed as a follow up to the revised Stormwater Ordinance. Taking advantage of natural processes to store and treat stormwater, and reducing stormwater flows into sewers can save public infrastructure dollars, while at the same time providing environmental and quality oflife benefits. Using natural infiltration recharges ground water to moderate stream flows, support vegetation and provide habitat. Decreasing paved surfaces and increasing tree plantings help to moderate urban temperatures. Revegetation also helps to beautify neighborhoods. A variety of techniques for restoring watershed functions in urban neighborhoods are presented in the adjoining sidebar. Techniques for Restoring Watershed Functions in Urban Neighborhoods Reuse of Rainwater - Capturing roof runoff in tanks and cisterns allows it to be used for lawn and garden irrigation; reduces peak flows during storms and provides for infiltration into the soil in dry weather. Green Roofs - A modem variant on sod roofa, green roofs capture a portion of rainwater and replace some of the functions of vegetation displaced by buildings. Disconnection of Roof Drains - Disconnecting down spouts from sewers and discharging into rain gardens, dry wells or vegetated swales reconnects rainwater with native soil (for infiltration) and vegetation (for absorption). Disconnection of Permanent Drainage - Pitching the drainage of driveways, sidewalks and parking lots onto adjacent vegetated soil (and not onto other pavement or storm sewers) also increases infiltration and absorption. Infiltration Basins - Carefully engineered depressions in the landscape (for example, rain gardens, dry wells and subsurface recharge beds) collect runoff from roofs and pavement and allow it to percolate into the soil. Tree Plantings - Tree branches and foliage intercept a portion of rain water. Reduction of Impervious Surfaces - Reconfiguring driveways, parking lots and streets to reduce unnecessary pavement allows more vegetated soil and more infiltration. Porous Pavement - Special varieties of asphalt, concrete, masonry and other materials have open pores that detain runoff. filter pollutants and allow water to infiltrate the underlying soil. Vegetated Swales • Landscaped drainage channels (as an alternative to pipes) slow runoff, remove pollutants and infiltrate water. Daylighting - Restoring or replacing historic streams by creating naturalized open channels that slow runoff and bring it into contact with soil, vegetation and air to allow the natural ecosystem to treat and infiltrate stormwater. Adapted from Swrmwater, July/August 2001. • Page 107 • Plan Grand Rapids • A City in Balance with Nature - Chapter 8 0 �l a. Work continuously to maintain the city's appeal as an investment location for households, business, industry and institutions. b. Identify the proportion of metropolitan population growth the city desires to capnire and work to absorb that population in developed areas. c. Work in partnership with non-profit organizations to educate the public about sustainable development and management practices. oeeo: Objective N 2 Phew courtesy of ArtWorks Expanded Visions 2001 youth appremiceship program. 8~4 Objectives Encourage infill development and brownfield clean up and reuse. a. Direct development and investment toward infill and reuse of previously developed sites. b. Clean up contan1inated sites. and Policies The following objectives and policies summarize what needs to be done to achieve the visions and plan recommendations on the preceding pages so that Grand Rapids can be a city in balance with nature. Above each objective is a line of theme icons. The icons illustrate how a particular objective is interrelated with another Master Plan theme. See Page 24 for a description of each theme. oeeoeo: Objective N 1 Ensure that Grand Rapids remains the focal point of West Michigan in order to reduce urban sprawl. 0 Objective N 3 Identify and preserve (and restore, where appropriate) sensitive environmental resources and valued natural areas. a. Prepare a citywide inventory of environmentally sensitive lands including, for example, wooded areas, wetlands, steep slopes, wildlife habitat and riparian corridors. b. Encourage more compact and clustered development patterns to conserve open space and natural features, promote watershed protection and reduce development costs. Chapter 8 - A City in Balance with Nature • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 108 • I c. Adopt development standards that encourage I the protection of natural features. d. Within the region, work towards the preservation of large patches of high quality natural areas and wildlife habitat within interconnecting wildlife corridors. oeoeo: Objective N 4 Reduce stormwater runoff and improve water quality by increasing natural infiltration. a. Use the proposed greenway system as part of a comprehensive strategy for protecting the quality of stream and river corridors; maintain open space buffers to reduce the water quality impacts of stormwater runoff and provide opportunities for visual and recreational public access. b. Promote the use of best management practices to promote natural infiltration in public and private development. c. Consider new paving technologies to reduce imperviousness and runoff volumes. d. Wherever possible, provide stormwater retention and treatment for parking area runoff integrated with required landscaping. Objective N 5 Reduce waste. a. Expand efforts to educate the community to the benefits of waste reduction and recycling; recognize ahd reward waste reduction achievements. �9~0 -- Partnerships j 9.1 .. Introduction The planning policies that guide development in the metropolitan region will significantly influence Grand Rapids' success in achieving important planning objectives . In addition, collaboration among city departments, residents, property owners, businesses and institutions will be essential in bringing the Master Plan's recommendations to fruition. Both regional and community partnerships are needed. • Page 109 • Plan Grand Rapids • Partnerships - Chapter 9 : �9 .2.1 .. Working Together During the first two decades of the 21 st century, Grand Rapids will build on its strengths to become one of the Midwest's great cities. Our success will be founded on a shared vision for the future and strong partnerships. These partnerships will foster the inclusion of all citizens and collaboration among informed residents, forward-looking business people, dedicated non-profit organizations and educational institutions and a community-oriented government. Expanded regional cooperation will also be important in maintaining our city's economic vitality and making us a national model in controlling sprawl, balancing transportation choices and serving as responsible stewards of the natural environment. Why is It Important to Have Partners? The citizens of Grand Rapids expressed the following beliefs about public, private, local and regional partnersl,ips. • Grand Rapids should establish partnerships and work with its neighboring communities. • A public transportation system that links the region and positively affects growth patterns should be developed. • All people, regardless of their income levels and/ or the stages of their liYes should have a choice in housing. • The needs of all transportation modes should be addressed and balanced. • Political power has to be shared in order to have a healthy foundation for the community. • Growth should be planned ·o that natural features, farmland and open spaces are protected. L ocal and regional cooperation and public and private partnerships are essential for a successful future for everyone. Efforts to reduce sprawl, minimize farmland conversion, protect air and water quality, and maintain a high quality of life are goals that can only be accomplished by working together. Informed citizens and decision-makers must learn to balance the interests of their backyards with the overall good of the city and the region. The vitality of Grand Rapids can significantly impact the long-term health and growth of the region, just as the health of a neighborhood's housing stock can affect the vitality of an adjoining business district. It is thL~ interrelatedness that requires us to work together towards common solutions; such as improved mass transit options, srormwater managment, and infrastructure planning. ~ Chapter 9 - Partnerships • Plan Grand Rapids Small working groups we-re frequently used in meetings. ~.~, iftJ. Topic: ~~: ~ One of the first steps of the master plan process was to ask the citizens of Grand Rapids what they would like to see the city look like twenty years from now. At the first Community Forum more than 300 people came together to discuss the future of Grand Rapids. Their discussion was guided by the information gathered during a series of neighborhood and business association meetings and discussion guide responses collected in the first two months of the planning process. Eleven major categories summarized key issues and provided participants a variety of discussion topics from which to choose. The beliefs and issues used at the forum were developed from the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats identified previously. Statements and images that described a vision, or preferred future, for Grand Rapids were then created by forum participants in small groups. The following visions emerged. • Page 110 • OIUCS ~ l\llrl>l(i,.•..I• lssue: &,Krw11 :fi.¼, w,r of.clot- t 6w~ ft,s-re/1~J f>al'"-t/Je,shi,tJS frl, A. sd~ /2ttd/1fy -+fi f' ·vlflJ 1 ~"cl /Jet'j/2 IJDr hoo d.s . Vision Statement ~ rt ~tAJG'RSH-1p ,;..:.;;.;;;;~~..;.;.;;=.:.....----Picture/Symbol Wade-Trtm Team Posters are from the first Master Plan Community Fornm held at Central High Schoo! in Mmch 2001. �Neighborhood Associations Figure 9.a - Neighborhood Association Map z 4MLE ~ ~ "' Alger Heights Neighborhood Association Auburn Hills Neighborhood Association Baxter Neighborhood Association 3 MILE Black Hills Citizens for a Better Community Creston Neighborhood Association East Hills Council of Neighbors KNAPP Eastgate Neighborhood Association Eastown Community Association w.■ oe0c:nneaiail Fulton Heights Neighborhood Association LEONARD Garfield Park Neighborhood Association Heartside Neighborhood Association Heritage Hill Association Highland Park Association John Ball Park Community Association Ken-O-Sha Neighborhood Association I Madison Area Neighborhood Association r.,. . . _. Michigan Oaks Neighborhood Association Midtown Neighborhood Association Millbrook Neighborhood Association f ! G~O ' Neighbors of Belknap Lookout North East Citizens Action Association North End Neighborhood Association - Ottawa Hills Neighbors Association TRADITIONAL BUSINESS AREAS Roosevelt Park Neighborhood Association Shawmut Hills/ Covell R-1 Preservation Association South East Community Association • - ~ ', POTENTIAL CENTER • NEIGHBORHOOD CENTER VILLAGE CENTER SUB · REGIONAL CENTER South East End Neighborhood Association 36TH Southwest Area Neighbors West Grand Neighborhood Organization West Side Connection 44TH 1:or 1.:urrem phonl· numlwr~, ,,lca:-t' i.:ontacr ( .ommunity Pc\'d11pnll'nt at 456--)677. • Page 111 • Plan Grand Rapids • Partnerships - Chapter 9 ~ �z Figure 9.b .. Business Association Map Business Associations ::J ~ w 4MLE Ill ! Alger Heighrs Business Association Boston Square Business Association Burton Heights Business Association 3MLE Cherry/Lake/Diamond Business Association Cheshire Village Business Association KNAPP Creston Business A~sociation Division South Business Association East Fulton Business Association LEONARD Eastown Business Association Grandville Avenue Busine s Association Franklin/Eastern Business Association Heanside Business Association Madison Square Business Association Michigan Street Area Business Association O'BRIEN Monroe North Business Association Seymour Square Business Association Stockbridge Business Association Wealthy Street Business Alliance West Fulton Business Association West Leonard Business Association Please call the NeisthhorhooJ Busine:,;s Specialistzt Prog:rnm nt 771-0114 - TRADITIONAL BUSINESS AREAS ', ', POTENTIAL CENTER • NEIGHBORHOOD CENTER • - VILLAGE CENTER SUB · REGIONAL CENTER 36TH #TH ~ Chapter 9 - Partnerships • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 112 • (or C()Otact infonnation. �9~3 -- Plan Recommendations Plan recommendations focus on regional and community partnerships. 9 .3 .1 .. Regional Partnerships There are many topics addressed in the preceding chapters that require coordination and cooperation with immediately adjacent jurisdictions, as well as all units of government and agencies within the region. These include, for example, transportation and transit planning, policies for population growth and job location, affordable housing, the planning and development of an open space and trail network, watershed planning for stormwater management and, of course, land use patterns. The City of Grand Rapids is already involved in collaborative planning with regional agencies and neighboring jurisdictions. These initiatives include: The Master Plan recommends that these efforts be continued and expanded. To this end, the city conducted a series of meetings with immediately adjacent jurisdictions (East Grand Rapids, Grand Rapids Township, Kentwood, Plainfield Township, Walker and Wyoming) in the summer of 2002. The purpose of these meetings was threefold: • to share information on Grand Rapids' Master Plan; • to gain insight into planning issues at community boundaries; and • to identify possible joint planning initiatives. Future development sites, and possible development proposals, were discussed, as well planned park acquisitions and programs and future trail and sidewalk connections. The follmving joint projects were suggested: • land use and transportation on 28th Street (Kentwood, Wyoming); • planning for future development along the northern portion of the East Beltline (with Grand Rapids Charter Township and Plainfield Charter Township); • coordination of commercial land use planning on Plainfield Avenue (Grand Rapids and Plainfield Townships); • working with the Interurban Transit Partnership (ITP) on bus service and the evaluation of potential fixed guideway route alternatives; • the Grand-Walk industrial are (Walker); and • 32nd Street reconstruction (Wyoming); • a shared public works site (Walker). • participation in the Grand Valley Metropolitan Council's (GVMC) Urban Metro Committee to discuss the future of major street corridors and other shared issues; • collaboration with the City of Walker in exploring a joint initiative for creating a "sustainable business industrial park" . Neighborhood associations like East Hills Council of Neighbors play an integral role in the city's neighborhoods. • Page 113 • Plan Grand Rapids • Partnerships - Chapter 9 ~ �Figure 9.c .. Future Regional Land Use i 9.3.2 . . Community UJ z :::J '::; ., Partnerships UJ i LE KNAPP The process of developing the Master Plan has set a new standard for collaboration among city departments, residents, property owners, business people and institutions in shaping land use and development directions. Continued collaboration will be essential in translating these directions into actual development decisions that build on the Master Plan's recommendations. In particular, priority should be given to collaborative area-specific planning for revitalizing neighborhoods and proposed mixed-use areas (see Chapter 11 - Area-Specific Plans - Page 151). I O'BRIEN LEGEND ULTRA LOW DENSITY RESIDENTIAL LOW DENSITY RESIDENTIAL MEDIUM LOWDENSITYRESIDENTIAL -- - ~) -+-- - S Chapter 9 - Partnerships • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 114 • MEDIUM DENSITY RESIDENTIAL HIGH DENSITY RESIDENTIAL COMMERCIAL DOWNTOWN OfFICE MIXED USE INDUSTRIAL INSTITUTIONAL PAAKS,OPEN SPACE AGRICULTURAL TRADITIONAL BUSINESS AREAS POTENTIAL CENTER EXISTING RAJL • NEIGHBORHOOO CENTER - VILLAGE CENTER SUB - REGIONAL CENTER �oeooeo: oeooeo: Objective P 1 Objective P 2 Serve as a strong partner in the provision of regional infrastructure and services. Work as part of the larger metropolitan community to develop plans and strategies for regional growth and development. a. Collaborate in the development of regional transportation plans and priorities (for air, rail, street, highway, transit and bicycles) and the design of transportation projects. b. Update the Water and Sewer Master Plan consistent with the policy framework established by this Master Plan. c. Pursue cooperation and cost sharing between benefiting jurisdictions in providing public facilities and services. Plww courtesy of ArtWorks Expanded Visions 2001 youth apprenticeship program. 9.4 - Objectives and Policies The following objectives and policies summarize what needs to be done to achieve the vision and plan recommendations presented on the preceding pages so that Grand Rapids continues to collaborate with partners in the community and the region. Above each objective is a line of theme icons. The icons illustrate how a particular objective is interrelated with another Master Plan theme. See Page 24 for a description of each theme. d. Encourage the coordination of local capital improvement programming within the metropolitan region. e. Cooperate in the development of a significant regional park and greenway system. f. Encourage intergovernmental and public/ private cooperation in decisions concerning the location of developments of greater than local impact (e.g., major new shopping centers, employment centers, cultural facilities). g. Encourage the establishment of standards that require adequate public facilities and services to be in place concurrent with new development. a. Strengthen existing communities and direct development toward these activity centers. b. Promote sustainable development patterns and practices. c. Support the provision of affordable housing for low- and moderate-income households throughout the metropolitan area. d. Promote the balanced, efficient, economical and environmentally sensitive use of land in a manner that minimizes land use conflicts across municipal borders and preserves the unique character of each community. Objective P 3 Promote coordination with state agencies and among city departments in implementing the recommendations of the Master Plan. a. Continue to coordinate and target infrastructure investments with other public and private improvement initiatives. b. Promote information sharing among universities, foundations, regional agencies, the public schools, the city and the public in helping to guide well informed investment decisions. • Page 115 • Plan Grand Rapids • Partnerships - Chapter 9 S �Objective P 4 Objective P 5 Collaborate with neighborhood and business organizations in planning and development decisions. Strengthen educational partnerships. a. Develop, implement and continuously refine a land use decision-making process that is community based and partnership driven. b. Encourage and support the establishment of active neighborhood and business organizations and collaborate with them in planning and development decisions. c. Encourage consensus-based decision-making and assist in conflict resolution. d. Provide information and technical assistance to neighborhood and busines organizations on planning and development issues. e. Develop and support programs that continue to build citizen capacity to make informed planning and development decisions. : Chapter 9 - Partnerships • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 116 • a. Continue to cooperate with the public schools to provide joint park-school facilities. b. Encourage partnerships between residents, neighborhood organizations, area businesses, faith-based organizations and institutions of higher learning to enhance the achievement levels of students. c. Recognize the importance of neighborhood schools in building and strengthening community. oeeeeo: Objective P 6 Ensure that respect for diversity in all areas is a strength of our city. a. Celebrate the benefits of diversity within the community and recognize the efforts of those who promote enhanced understanding and tolerance among people of diverse backgrounds. �1O~O ~ Development Character 10~1 111111111111111 ~ Introduction In Grand Rapids, people are as concerned about the quality and character of development as they are about what kinds of uses and densities are permitted and where they may be located. The sample development guidelines presented in this chapter illustrate how the quality of urban design can be given greater emphasis in making decisions about future development (and renovation of existing buildings) in the city. • Page 117 • Plan Grand Rapids • Development Character - Chapter 10 �10.1.2 - Organization The introduction to this chapter provides a perspective on two key issues as a philosophical foundation for guide1ines development: • walkability and auto access; • context and compatibility. A basic urban design vocabulary is also provided. Then several guidelines examples are presented, addressing three topics: Mixed-Use - how to maximize the compatibility between different uses, densities and building types. Four situations are addressed in a pre-World War 11 neighborhood context: • infill and parking in a traditional business district; • institutional mixed-use; The Cicy of Grand Rapids Development Center coordinates the review and approval of development projects. Chapter 10 - Development Character • Plan Grand Rapids 10.1.1 - Purpose • industrial mixed-use; and Guidelines are a means of communicating in advance to property owners, developers and investors the kind of development the community wants to encourage and the factors that will be considered in reviewing and approving proposed projects. By clearly articulating these urban design objectives, much of the guesswork can be removed from the development approvals process. This can save time and money for those who are proposing a project, as well as promoting better urban design results. Because the community's Master Plan establishes the foundation that must support more detailed development regulations, it is essential that the Plan emphasize the importance of site planning and architectural design quality as factors in reviewing development proposals. As a result, it will be possible to include principles and standards related to design quality in zoning regulations, site plan review and other tools and processes for implementation. • reuse of a school site. • Page 118 • In addition, guidelines are proposed for improving the visual quality and walkability of auto-oriented strip commercial development in a post-World War 11 setting. Higher Quality, Higher Density Residential Development - how to encourage medium- and high-dens ity residential development that is located and designed to complement existing patterns. Green Space in the Central City - how to provide more green space in already developed areas. These topics were selected from a much longer list of candidate guidelines suggested by community input over the course of the master planning process. In part, the guidelines examples were chosen to help clarify key master plan concepts (mixed-use, transit- �oriented centers; alternative models for new housing development and infill) and to augment others (open space network, walkable streets, stormwater management). The examples presented here serve as a template for developing guidelines on additional topics in the future. 10. 1. 3 . . Perspective Two critical issues serve as the philosophical foundation for the sample guidelines and others to be developed in the future: • the appropriate balance between walkability and automobile access; • the importance of compatibility with the built context. Walkability and Auto Access Finding the right balance between walkability and automobile access is one of the most fundamental issues in making decisions about Grand Rapids' future and framing appropriate development guidelines. Since the 1950's (after World War II), planning and development regulations have tended to separate uses and require substantial setbacks in an effort to minimize conflicts. At the same time, priority has been given to maximizing through traffic movement and requiring ample off-street parking. The resulting development pattern - low-density subdivisions that prohibit through traffic and surround each home with a substantial yard; shopping malls, schools and parks surrounded by huge parking lots - has reduced walkability and made multiple car ownership a necessity. Grand Rapids has areas like these, and many residents prefer the lifestyle choice they provide. But Grand Rapids also offers an alternative development pattern and lifestyle choice - the Downtown, older neighborhoods and traditional business areas of the center city. These pre-World War II areas are more walkable because a denser mix of residential, civic, workplace and retail uses are provided in compact areas on an interconnected grid of streets that form small blocks lined by sidewalks. In these areas, today's dependence on the car can create parking shortages that are often met by removing structures to provide parking lots. The introduction of suburban development patterns in these older areas creates gaps that interrupt the continuity of buildings and activity along the street and compromise walkability. Nevertheless, center city businesses, institutions and residents need places to park cars as one component of a balanced transportation program. How can we protect and capitalize on the walkability of older parts of the city while accommodating new investment and meeting needs for access and parking? How can we improve walkability and enhance the sense of community in more recently developed parts of the city? These are two of the questions that the sample guidelines begins to address. Context and Compatibility Finding the right balance between walkability and automobile access i.s one of the most fundamental issues in making decisions about Grand Rapids' future and framing appropriate development guidelines. To protect and build on Grand Rapids' assets, new developments, as well as renovation of existing buildings, must be designed with reference to the surrounding built context. Achieving compatibility with the existing context requires an understanding of the positive design elements that give each part of the city its special character. These include broader district patterns (i.e., the network of streets and blocks); patterns that are repeated from one development site to another (i.e., building scale, placement and orientation) and the repeated use of similar design details (i.e., choice and use of materials, patterns of windows and doors). Promoting urban design compatibility improves the fit between new investments and what already exists to enhance the image and identity of each part of the city. The protection of historically and architecturally significant buildings ts also an important part of maintaining • Page 119 • Plan Grand Rapids • Deq1elopment Character - Chapter 10 �Figure 10.a., Neighborhood Character Types visual character and a sense of continuity with the city's heritage. As an initial step in promoting compatibility in urban design, the Master Plan has identified five major neighborhood character types along with descriptions and examples of each type's defining visual characteristics. These character types - or context categories - have also been mapped to provide a starting point for a more refined definition of areas of differing characters, including: • the turn-of-the century neighborhood; • the street car suburb; -·i • the garden city suburb; I • the post-World War II neighborhood; j • the late 20th Century neighborhood. L The map of Neighborhood Character Types is presented in Figure 10.a - Page 120; illustrations and descriptions of each type are presented in Figure 10.b - Neighborhood Character Types - Page 121. It is important to note that the mapping of neighborhood types is preliminary. Several areas remain unclassified and refinements in the boundaries of some "classified" areas could undoubtedly be made. Many parts of the city also include a mix of more than one neighborhood type. Most often, these mixed areas represent a change in age or architectural style, rather than a change in fundamental land use patterns, development densities and circulation patterns. Nevertheless, the map provides a general overview of neighborhood visual character. The sample guidelines presented in this chapter illustrate how renovation and new construction projects in a particular context (neighborhood character type) can be designed to respect and enhance its identifying urban design characteristics. 19th Century Neighborhood Early 2oth Century Neighborhood - Garden City Suburb Post World War II Neighborhood - Late 20th Century Neighborhood - Selected Open Spece• Industrial Unclassified Chapter 10 - Development Character • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 120 • �Figure 10.b - Neighborhood Character Types Tum of the Century Neighborhood Built after the Civil War in and around the central city. Straight streets, smaller blocks, dense development, small lots (often with alleys). Housing, commercial, factories more integrated (e.g., apartments above corner stores; factories close to homes). Little green space (or concentrated in parks and squares). Churches and schools integrated into neighborhoods. Sidewalks predominant. Examples: Early neighborhoods that rim Downtown: Heritage Hill, Near West Side, Belknap Park, Roosevelt Park, Cherry Hill. Streetcar Suburbs Approximately 1900-1930. Developed around streetcar lines, adjacent to (and frequently mixed with) "mrn-of-the cenmry" neighborhoods and also farther from the central city. Straight treets, small blocks and lots; dense development. Small parks. Small commercial districts along streetcar routes. Examples: John Ball Park, Eastown, Fairmount Square, Creston, Southeast, Grandville. Garden City Suburb Approximately 1900 co 1930's. First 'suburb' model. Streets more curvilinear; homes set back from street. More street trees, parks, open space. Generally lower density (less intensity in residential areas) than "turnof-the-century" neighborhoods. "Streetcar" suburb neighborhood commercial still lines major streets with possible residential above. Architecture more romantic (cottage, Cape Cod, Arts and Crafts, etc.) Beginning separation of land uses (separation of residential from factories). Examples: Ottawa Hills. Ill II I • Page 121 • Plan Grand Rapids • Development Character - Chapter 10 �Figure 10.b, Neighborhood Character Types ----- Post War Neighborhood Built after WWII, approximately 1950's to 1970's. Larger residential lots and generally lower single-family housing densities. Larger blocks and streets with cul-de-sacs and/ or curvilinear streets. New ranch type single-family housing; often mixed with other "streetcar" suburb architectural styles. Apartments more 'modern' in architectural style. More segregation of commercial and industrial uses. Beginning of 'superblock' concept, with streets de-mapped and large parcels assembled. Commercial now one-story without mixed-use. Larger modern footprints for commercial and industrial. More parks and open space. School footprints becoming larger. Examples: Boston Square, Creston, Riverside, Alger Heights, 28th--44th area, Eastgate, Leonard Street area. Late 20th Century Neighborhood Approximately 1980's to 1990's. Freeway-based development. Automobile-dominant, sprawling uses. Much larger footprints, larger parcels assemb led for all uses with greater segregation of use. Commercial and industrial with ever larger parking lots. Typically wide streets; a hierarchy of arterials and cul-de-sacs. Housing design often nostalgic/traditional (pitched roofs, detailing). Larger two- and three-car attached garages. Parks larger. Schools developed on larger tracts as campuses. All uses set back from roads creating more open space and lower density. Examples: Leonard/Fuller commercial, 28th-44th area, Dean Lake Road area, East Beltline (west side beyond top of bluffs), Knapp area, scattered infill. Chapter 10 - Development Character • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 122 • �10~2 ~ Urban Design Vocabulary While guideline can communicate expectations for urban design quality, outline principles and illustrate how those expectations might be met, there is rarely only one right urban design solution. Moreover, no one solution can fit all types of projects in all development contexts. Arriving at the best solution requires an understanding of the specifics of each project and each situation. Understanding urban design vocabulary and the elements of design can have a large influence on development quality, character and fit. Basic urban design vocabulary is defined and illustrated below and applied in the guideline examples presented in the balance of the chapter. The vocabulary is organized under three headings that move from a broader scale (the District/Neighborhood) that focuses on context, to the Project Concept (or site) scale that focuses on compatibility, to Project Details that focus on quality. · 10.2.1 - Vocabulary: District/Neighborhood Connectivity Connectivity refers to the way in which individual developments and uses are physically linked together within the larger fabric of the city. Most often, it refers to the network of streets and blocks and the way in which they encourage or discourage walkability and concentrate or distribute traffic. Other elements of the transportation network also influence connectivity - for example, the availability and location of transit routes and stops, bike routes and on- and off-street walkways. Natural features - for example, rivers, creeks and open space corridors - can also be part of the connecting fabric of a neighborhood, district or community. Stormwater/Daylighting . / . Street Network The Helen DeVos Women and Children's Center and the Musculoskeletal Center use pitched rooflines to create a softer transitwn to the nearby residential neighborhood. Transitions and Edges The way different kinds of uses and development densities relate to one another has a major impact on visual and functional fit. In general, gradual transitions in intensity and scale are more compatible than abrupt changes. Incremental changes in building den ity and scale (height and mass) can soften changes in land use and create a more harmonious blend. In some instances, open space and landscaping can establish acceptable buffers between developments that are dissimilar in intensity and function. • Page 123 • Plan Grand Rapids • Development Character - Chapter 10 �Parking Natural Systems Shared off-street parking at the district or neighborhood level can serve multiple users - especially those whose peak parking needs do not overlap. This can reduce the amount of land (and financial resources) needed to provide an adequate amount of convenient storage for cars. Establishing maximum (rather than minimum) parking standards, and requiring transportation demand management (TDM) to reduce traffic and parking demands, are also important in promoting more walkable, livable communities. Since off-street parking represents a significant development cost, reduced parking requirements and public assistance in providing district parking can be important development incentives. Land forms (hilltops, slopes, valleys); rivers, creeks, wetlands and natural vegetation are examples of natural systems that can be incorporated in - rather than erased by - development to preserve what is unique about an area and to maintain a visible connection to the natural environment. Walking Distance Wooded Area Parking Public Space Organization The pattern and landscape treatment of streets, parks, squares and plazas that make up the public realm establish the basic structure around which private development is organized. The design treatment of public spaces encourages pedestrian use, private investment and a visible civic life. · 10.2.2 .- Vocabulary: Project Concept Uses and Densities Some uses - for example, drive-throughs, car washes and service stations - are auto-dependent and difficult to incorporate in older parts of the city without seriously compromising walkability. (Uses that generate high volumes of truck traffic can also be a significant problem when trucks travel on pedestrian-oriented neighborhood or shopping streets.) Large-scale uses - "big boxes" or major industrial facilities - can also impact walkability by taking up a lot of ground area for building footprints and parking. In contrast, a finer grain mix of uses located within walking distance of one another (approximately 2,000 feet) makes choosing an alternative to the car easy. In addition, gradual transitions in density help to promote compatibility. Institutional M ixecluse • Project Concept Chapter 10 - Development Character • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 124 • �Scale Orientation Landscape Building proportions (length to width to height) should be compatible with surrounding buildings. When new buildings are significantly larger (or smaller) than surrounding development, the character of the block front or neighborhood can be overwhelmed (or inappropriately diminished). Building height should also relate to adjacent structures, especially on the street frontage and at neighborhood edges. Building heights can increase as the setback from these important edges increases. The overall form of a building - often defined by the shape of the roof - is also important in evaluating the compatibility of new structures. The orientation of a building's front fac;:ade and entrance also has an impact on the walk.ability, sense of scale and level of perceived security on adjacent streets. When front fa<;:ades and entrances are oriented toward the side or rear of a site and face parking areas, the walkability, visual interest and potential for an active street life are diminished. Landscaping can be used to provide canopy elements that unify and provide a sense of human scale in the streetscape environment. It softens and screens the visual impact of utilitarian elements such as parking lots or service areas. Placement Consistent setback dimensions from the property line to the face of the building play an important role in maintaining the visual character of an area. In business districts developed before World War II, buildings are typically located on the front property line. Maintaining this setback to maintain a consistent "street wall" is important in preserving the integrity, pedestrian appeal and walkability of these districts. Parking The amount, location and treatment of off-street parking can have significant impacts on development character and compatibility. Parking lots that are located between buildings and the street give priority to the car, rather than to people. Parking lots located between neighborhoods and non-residential uses can create an unattractive "no-man's land." Landscapingwithin and on the edges of parking lots is needed to reduce their negative visual impact. Care is also needed in locating access drives to parking lots, and in locating and screening service areas (truck unloading; dumpsters), to minimize impacts on adjacent residential uses. Site Details Site details such as lighting, signs, fencing, screen walls and special paving or awnings can help to create a clear identity, visual interest and a sense of human scale. To be effective in promoting compatibility, the choice of site details, and the way in which they are used, should be coordinated within an area or district. Materials Compatibility with the character of surrounding development is important in selecting an appropriate palette of materials (for walls, windows, doors, etc.) for renovation or new construction. In a residential neighborhood characterized by sloped shingle roofs, wooden clapboard siding, windows and doors, a building with a flat roof and unfinished concrete block or metal siding would be inappropriate. 10.2.3 .. Vocabulary: Project Detail Articulation Traditional Business Area • Project Concept The articulation of wall surfaces should also be compatible with the character and rhythm of adjacent development. The size and proportion of window openings, the design treatment of entries, the clear definition of a building base and upper stories and the articulation of vertical bays that echo the dimensions of other buildings on the block face will help to determine how well a new or renovated fac;:ade fits in with its neighbors. • Page 125 • Traditional Business Area - Pmject Detail Plan Grand Rapids • Development Character - Chapter IO �• • industrial n1ixed--use in a pre--World War II business area and neighborhood context; • school reuse in a pre-World War II neighborhood context; • auto-oriented commercial development in a post-World War II neighborhood context. The Future Land Use Map illustrates many opportunities for mixing uses to promote the development of a human-scale, walkable, safe, transit-supportive city. In addition to Downtown and more traditional center city neighborhoods, these mixed-use areas include: • areas adjacent to Downtown (to the north and south, and to the west of the Grand River); • linear riverfront mixed-use areas; • institutional mixed-use areas on Downtown's edges; • traditional business areas; The Boardwalk, formerly the Berkey and Gay furniture factory, is part of the ongoing transformation in the North Monroe area. 10~3 ~ Mixed~Use Overview This section presents sample development guidelines that illustrate how careful attention to urban design can promote compatibility when different types of uses and densities of development abut one another or are mixed together. Examples are provided for the following situations: • infill and parking in a traditional business area located in a pre-World War Il neighborhood context; • institutional mixed-use in a pre-World War II business area and neighborhood context; Chapter 10 - Development Character • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 126 • • mixed-use centers at neighborhood, village and sub-regional scales. While not all areas of the city will be - or need to be - mixed-use in character, almost all areas will need tO deal more effectively with the interface between residential and non-residential uses. Design that is sensitive to its surrounding context is critical in achieving this compatibility. The neighborhood character types suggested on Pages 120-122 provide an overview of the range of physical form and architectural character in the city. This general guide provides a starting point for understanding how the elements of urban design can be used and interpreted to create a better fit between different types and densities of development. �10~4 ~ Traditional Business Area in a Pre~World War II Neighborhood Context 10~4~1-District/Neighborhood j Transitions and Edges Connectivity 0 Provide transit, pedestrian and bicycle access to reduce dependence on cars and minimize traffic volumes and parking demands. • Provide transit stops located out of the flow of traffic. • Use traffic calming measures to create a safe and attractive pedestrian environment. • Maintain the existing grid of small blocks and connected streets to provide sidewalk connections to adjacent neighborhoods. • Connect to city bikeway systems and provide convenient bicycle storage. 0 Encourage a mix of uses within a compact business area to create a focus of community activity and promote walking to and between destinations. O Incorporate smaller scale structures and less intensive uses as a transition between primary business frontage and adjacent single-family neighborhoods. • Encourage residential as part of mixed-use development within the business district. • Encourage the development of mediumdensity housing (e.g., town homes or small apartment buildings) along secondary streets linking the business district to single-family neighborhoods. • Encourage the development of mediumdensity housing along primary streets linking compact clusters of businesses. Cherry/ Diamond Business Area contains a mix of uses within a compact district. Public Space Organization 0 Maintain (and, where necessary, reestablish) a pattern of small blocks and relatively narrow, connected streets to enhance walkability. 0 Provide on-street parking as a convenience to patrons, to buffer the sidewalk from moving vehicles and to aid in calming traffic. 0 Encourage improvements to paving quality, street lighting, landscaping and cleanliness along primary and secondary business area streets to provide a comfortable, human-scale pedestrian environment. 0 Encourage the development of shared civic spaces as area focal points. • Page 127 • Plan Grand Rapids • Development Character - Chapter 10 �.. Parking · 10.4.2 , Project Concept 0 Encourage the development of shared district parking in strategic locations, rather than attempting to provide needed parking on each site or block. 0 Reduce off-street parking requirements (establishing maximum, rather than minimum standards) in areas that are served by transit and bike routes and have strong pedestrian links to nearby neighborhoods. 0 Count on-street parking capacity (that is not required to meet the needs of existing homes) in meeting parking requirements. 0 Encourage development patterns that use buildings to screen off-street parking areas from primary and secondary streets and provide a compatible transition to existing residential areas. Uses and Densities 0 Encourage a mix of retail, service, entertainment, civic, office and residential uses to enhance the vitality of traditional business areas. • Encourage the concentration of retail uses in compact core areas. Require active ground level shopping, service and entertainment uses on business district frontages in core areas to create an appealing pedestrian environment. • Prohibit (or permit only under stringent urban design standards) auto-oriented uses (e.g., drive-through, car wash, service station) that detract from the walkability of a traditional business area. • Encourage the development of mediumdensity housing and residentially scaled office uses along primary streets linking compact clusters of businesses. 0 Promote the development of medium-density housing as a transition between the primary business frontage and adjacent single-family housing (along secondary street frontages, screening district parking). Project Concept: Traditional Business Area Scale 0 New construction on primary and secondary business area street frontages should be compatible in scale with existing structures on the block and neighboring blocks. • Maintain predominant existing building heights on business area street frontages. Chapter 10 - Development Character • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 128 • • Building heights may increase on the primary business area street frontage as they step back from the street. 0 New construction on secondary street frontages should provide a transition in height and scale from the business area to adjacent single-family development. 0 The massing of all new structures should be articulated to echo the proportions of nearby structures as viewed from the street. Placement 0 Locate new buildings on the primary business area street at the front property line to maintain the integrity of the streetwall and screen parking. • Provide active ground floor uses, display windows and entries facing the sidewalk. • Permit openings in the streetwall that provide through-block pedestrian connections and/or create public plazas/squares. 0 Locate buildings at the intersections of primary and secondary streets to give architectural definition to the corners. • Public plazas/squares at the corner are appropriate if they are spatially enclosed by buildings. 0 Set back medium-density residential structures on secondary streets to provide small front yards that create a transition to the depth of lawns fronting adjacent single-family residences. �Orientation Articulation Landscape 0 Provide ground level storefronts and building entries facing all streets, plazas/squares and through-block walkways. 0 The articulation of new building fac;:ades should be compatible in proportions and rhythm with surrounding structures. 0 Provide and maintain high quality plantings and paving to add shade, color, texture and human scale. 0 Locate parking to the rear of the buildings. • Divide long fac;:ades into smaller increments (bays) to echo the proportions of existing structures on the street. • Design parking areas to include islands landscaped with shade trees to reduce their apparent scale and negative visual impact. 0 Locate vehicular access to parking and service areas on secondary streets, immediately to the rear of the buildings facing the primary business area street. • Use a solid to void (solid wall to window/ door opening) ratio and window and door opening dimensions similar to those of other buildings on the block.front. • Landscaping should be provided in the front yards of medium-density housing. Parking • Discourage curb cuts for driveways on the primary street frontage to avoid gaps in the streetwall and conflicts with pedestrians. • Design entries (and porches on residential structures) to echo the design elements/ treatments used on surrounding structures. Site Details 0 Use site details (street lights, signs, awnings) in a coordinated manner to add visual interest. 10.4.3 - Project Detail Materials 0 The architectural character, materials and finishes on new buildings should be compatible with surrounding structures and the larger neighborhood. • The same materials used on the primary fac;:ade should be used on all fac;:ades visible from the street. • The materials used on fac;:ades facing parking areas may be lower in cost, but should be coordinated with the character of primary fac;:ade materials. l Retell or other active ground floor uses with offioe,msldential, or other uses above Project Detail: Traditional Business Area /l1Y° • Page 129 • Plan Grand Rapids • Development Character - Chapter 10 �r 10~5 ~ Institutional Mixed~Use in a Pre~World War II Neighborhood Context 10.5.1 .,. District/Neighborhood Transitions and Edges Connectivity 0 Locate smaller scale structures and lower density uses on neighborhood and business district edges. 0 Encourage the use of alternate modes of transportation to reduce traffic and on-site parking demands. • Encourage transit use by employees and visitors. Provide excellent transit service to major employment destinations. Provide attractive transit stops and well-lit pedestrian connections. With parking located behind the building, the Peter M. Wege Center relates welt to Lafayette Avenue and the nearby residential neighborhood. Provide incentives for transit use (e.g., paid employee transit pas es). • Connect to the citywide pedestrian and bikeway systems. • Encourage the development of employerassisted housing programs to encourage employees to live within walking/biking distance. • Encourage/require the formulation and implementation of transportation demand management programs (e.g., assistance in car pooling; priority parking for car pool vehicles). 0 Encourage the development of complementary office uses, medium-density housing and retail and support services as part of the institutional mixed-use district to reduce dependence on cars. Chapter 10 - Development Character • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 130 • • Encourage medium-density residential and/ or office uses on neighborhood edges. • Encourage office and/or residential uses with ground floor retail and service uses on primary streets in and adjacent to business areas. Public Space Organization 0 Orient major institution entries to primary streets. 0 Incorporate public/civic spaces, especially where they can benefit both the institution and the surrounding community. Parking 0 Encourage shared district parking that is located to meet the needs of both the institutional mixed-use development and the adjacent business area. 0 Consider reducing off-street parking requirements (establishing maximum, rather than minimum standards) in districts that are served by transit and bike routes and have strong pedestrian links to nearby neighborhoods. �0 Encourage the development of structured parking to reduce the amount of land required to meet parking needs. • Where parking ramps face a primary business area street, encourage the incorporation of ground floor commercial space. 0 Articulate the massing of the lower scale perimeter structures on neighborhood edges (in and out from the street) to echo the rhythm of adjacent single-family residences. Orientation 0 Locate ground level storefronts and building entries on the primary business area street to provide pedestrian scale and interest. Uses and Densities 0 At a minimum, include windows overlooking secondary (neighborhood edge) streets to provide "eyes" on the street. Building entries on these streets are also appropriate for office uses and are essential for residential uses. 0 Encourage a mix of institutional, office, retail, service and residential uses. Parking 10.5.2 .. Project Concept • Locate lower density uses on neighborhood and business area edges. • Encourage medium-density residential and/ or office uses on neighborhood edges. Pwject Concept - Scale: Institutional Mixed-Use, Existing Conditions • Encourage office and/ or residential uses with ground floor retail and services on primary streets in and adjacent to business areas. • Encourage the development of structured parking and parking that is shared with the adjacent business area. • Encourage the development of "liner" buildings between parking decks and adjacent blocks/development edges. Scale 0 Step down the scale of new buildings from larger and taller institutional structures in the interior of the block to allied office and/ or residential structures along business area and neighborhood edges. • Choose building heights that create a transition to adjacent residential and business area structures (2 to 3 stories). • Allow building heights on the primary business area frontage to increase as they step back from the street. 0 Locate the parking required to serve the institutional mixed-use development within the interior of the block/development. Surface parking lots should not be located on the perimeter of the institutional mixed-use block. Pmject Concept - Scale: Institutional Mixed-Use, Recommended Placement 0 Place buildings on the primary business area street to maintain the streetwall established on adjacent blocks. 0 Provide primary vehicular access to the institutional mixed-use development, and its parking and service areas, from the primary street, or access from secondary (neighborhood) streets immediately behind new mixed-use structures facing the primary street, to minimize traffic impacts on the neighborhood. 0 Provide a deeper, landscaped setback on block fronts facing the neighborhood to buffer the increased density of development. • Page 131 • Plan Grand. Rapids • Development Character - Chapter 10 �10~6 .- Industrial Mixed--Use in a Pre.-World War II Neighborhood Context 10.6.1, District/Neighborhood Transitions and Edges Connectivity 0 Locate smaller scale structures (and/or buildings that step down in height) on neighborhood and business area edges of the block/district. 0 Encourage the use of alternate modes of transportation to reduce traffic and on-site parking demands. • Encourage transit use by employees. Provide excellent transit service to major employment destinations. Provide attractive transit stops and well-lit pedestrian connections. The former American Seating Company factory is being renovated as a mixed-use facility. - Provide incentives for transit use (e.g., paid employee transit passes). • Connect to the citywide pedestrian and bikeway systems. • Encourage the development of employerassisted housing programs to encourage employees to live within walking/biking distance. t • Encourage/require the formulation and implementation of transportation demand management programs (e.g., assistance in car pooling; priority parking for car pool vehicles). r 0 Encourage the development of complementary office uses, medium-density housing and retail and support services as part of the industrial mixed-use district to reduce dependence on cars. Chapter 10 - Development Character • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 132 • 0 Encourage office and/or residential uses with ground floor retail and services on primary streets in and adjacent to business areas. Public Space Organization 0 Maintain the pattern of small blocks and relatively narrow, connected streets to enhance walkability. Parking 0 Encourage shared district parking serving both the industrial mixed-use development and the adjacent business area. 10.6.2 - Project Concept Uses and Densities 0 Encourage the development of complementary retail and support services, office uses and medium-density housing (on upper stories) on the primary street frontage in and adjacent to business areas. �Scale Site Details 0 Step down the height and scale of buildings from larger industrial structures in the interior of the block to lower, less massive structures on the neighborhood and business area edges. 0 Prohibit the use of chain link fencing on neighborhood (secondary street) and business district (primary street) edges. Use ornamental fencing and/or landscape screening. • Choose building heights that create a transition to adjacent residential structures (2-3 stories). • Allow greater building heights on the primary business area street frontage, with increased heights allowed as the building steps back from the street. 0 Articulate the massing of new perimeter structures on both neighborhood and business area edges to echo the rhythm and proportions of existing buildings. Placement 0 Place new buildings on the primary business area street to maintain the streetwall created by building setbacks on adjacent blocks. 0 Place new buildings on residential (secondary) streets to provide landscaped setbacks at least as deep as the yards on adjacent residential structures. ~-~ ,,,...___ Project Concept - Placement: lndu.strial Mixed-Use, Recommended Orientation 0 Locate ground level storefronts and building entries on the primary business area street to provide pedestrian scale and interest. 0 Provide window openings on fa~ades of new structures overlooking (secondary) neighborhood streets to provide a sense of "eyes" on the street. Parking 0 Provide parking on the interior of the industrial mixed-use block so that it is screened from the adjacent neighborhood and business area by new buildings. • Encourage the shared use of parking with the adjacent business area. 0 Provide vehicular access immediately behind new mixed-use structures on the primary street to minimize traffic impacts on residential streets and avoid creating a driveway gap in the primary street business frontage. Project Concept -Placement: lndu.strial Mixed-Use, Existing Conditions • Page 133 • Plan Grand Rapids • Development Character - Chapter 10 �· 10. 7 , School Reuse in a Pre,World War II Neighborhood Context 10. 7.1 , Project Concept Uses and Densities 0 Give preference to office (including service agencies), educational and residential reuse of former school buildings. 0 Discourage major expansion of the existing building footprint to maintain existing open spaces/ parks. Parking 0 Locate parking to serve the new use behind the existing building and maintain sufficient open space and landscaping to soften its impact on the neighborhood. . . • .. i - . ,... .. ~ ' Placement The former Grand Rapids Christian High School on the corner of Franklin and Madison SE is now the office building for the Family Independence Agency (FIA). 0 Maintain the original front and side yard setbacks to retain the original relationship between the structure (a focal point) and the neighborhood. Project Concept • Placement: School Reuse, Recommended 10. 7.2 , Project Detail Articulation 0 Maintain the size of original window openings. Landscape 0 Retain existing mature trees. 0 Provide additional landscaping in side and rear yards to decrease the visual impact of increased parking on the neighborhood. Project Concept - Placement: School Reuse, Existing Conditions Orientation Site Details 0 Maintain the original front entrance even though primary access for the new use may be located at the rear of the building. Chapter 10 - Devewpment Character • Plan Grand Rapids 0 Use a combination of hedges and canopy trees on the perimeter of the parking lot for screening and shade. • Page 134 • 0 Perimeter fencing of the parking area should be ornamental and in character with the residential context. �10~8 .- Auto--Oriented Commercial in a Post--World War II Context 10.8.1-- District/Neighborhood 10.8.2 .. Project Concept Connectivity Placement 0 Provide alternatives to the automobile in accessing auto-oriented commercial development. 0 At important intersections, encourage infill development that locates buildings to anchor and define corners and screen parking lots. • Provide improved bus stops along transit routes serving auto-oriented commercial development. • Provide sidewalks along primary streets and improve cross walks where needed. • Provide sidewalk connections along secondary streets to connect auto-oriented commercial development to adjacent residential neighborhoods. Orientation 0 Locate building entries and storefronts to face the primary street. Provide improved bus stops along transit routes serving auto-oriented commercial development. • For infill buildings located close to the street, encourage store windows and entries along at least fifty percent (50%) of the front fac;ade. • Provide links to citywide bike and greenway systems. Transitions and Edges 0 Require landscaping on site edges to screen and buffer adjacent residential uses. Project Concept - Orientation: Auto Oriented Commercial, Existing Conditions • Page 135 • Plan Grand Rapids • Development Character - Chapter 10 �i Parking 0 Consolidate driveway access for customers and service vehicles in a single location on the primary street frontage. Permit access from secondary streets. 0 Provide and maintain landscaping (hedges and shade trees) to screen parking lots from primary and secondary streets; low masonry walls and decorative fencing may be used in combination with landscaping. 0 Provide attractive pedestrian connections through parking lots to front doors from both primary and secondary streets. 0 Provide islands planted with shade trees within parking lots to reduce their visual impact and make them more hospitable to people on foot. 0 Locate and screen loading areas and dumpsters to minimize their visibility from adjacent residential property. 10.8.3 - Project Detail Landscape 0 Landscaping is essential to screen parking areas, provide buffers to adjacent residential uses and create a more hospitable pedestrian environment along streets. Project Concept• Parking: Auto Oriented Commercial, Recommended Chapter 10 - Development Character • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 136 • �10~9 ~ Higher Quality Medium and High~Density Residential Design 10.9.1 .. Overview This section presents development guidelines intended to promote higher quality design for mediumand high-density residential development. Mediumand high-density residential development refers typically to multifamily residences, including apartments, townhomes and _condominiums, either rental or owner-occupied. Medium-density is defined as residential development of 10 to 15 dwelling units per acre. High-density residential is defined as 15 or more dwelling units per acre. The Future Land Use Map envisions many opportunities for new medium- and high-density residential development in Grand Rapids: as part of mixed-use districts in and near the Downtown; anchoring new mixed-use, village and sub-regional mixed-use centers; as an upper story use within older neighborhood business districts; as redevelopment of underutilized or obsolete commercial parcels; as infill within existing neighborhoods; and as new development on vacant land. The goal is to locate high.er residential densities on transit lines and to serve as a transition between non-residential uses and lower density housing areas, as illustrated in the Future Land Use Map (Page 21). The underlying objective for improving the quality of higher density residential design is to provide a variety of future housing choices within the city in a more physically integrated way. Design that is sensitive to its surrounding context and that responds to the physical and architectural character of its serc ting provides that integration. The neighborhood character types presented in Figure 10.a - Neighborhood Character Types Map - Page 120 ancl Figure 10.b Community Character Types - Page 121 provide an over- view of the range of physical form and architectural character in the city. It is a general guide, however. Any new higher density residential development or infill project should be designed in response to the specific conditions (both natural and architectural) of its site. 10.9.2 .. District/Neighborhood Connectivity 0 Coordinate the location of medium- and highdensity residential development more effectively with Grand Rapids' transportation network to reduce the need for trips by car, distribute traffic more evenly and encourage transit use. An example of medium-density housing. • Connect new and redeveloped housing areas to the existing city street network. Extend the existing street network into and through new developments. Maintain and/or extend the existing pattern of streets and blocks. Avoid the use of cul-de-sacs. • Connect to citywide pedestrian and bikeway systems. lnclude sidewalks in new and infill housing developments and connect them to the existing sidewalk network. Incorporate bikeways consistent with the local and regional bikeway master plans. • Page 137 • Plan Grand Rapids • Development Character - Chapter 10 �Bad Examples • Locate and design medium- and high-density residential development to support transit use. Locate med ium- and high-density residential development on transit routes. 'I - Provide safe, well-lit pedestrian access to transit srops. r I \ • Integrate medium- and high-density residential development with retail and support services. Locate new higher density residential development within, adjacent to and/or within walking Jistance of existing and planned retail areas (including transit-oriented development centers). Encourage residential units above retail as part of a mixed-use district. • Blend the visual appearance of medium- and high-density residential development with surrounding neighborhoods. . . . . . . -,, I' ' '<, \ y-o J I '--~.,, / ti - Provide visual transitions along primary street frontages and/or more visible edges of the new development. Design residential infill to be compatible with smrounding neighborhood character. Orient building front doors to the street. l I Single access and ring road isolates new development. Allow small scale, resident-serving retail and services as part of medium- and high-density housing developments within mixed-use areas. ,~'\ Good Examples I I 1( ti II I I I I I I I I I I I I I I L--+---+ I I I I _1-_f- _1_+I I : I Single access isolates new infill. Transitions and Edges - Incremental change in density in older neighborhoods. 0 Blend medium- and high-density residential development into the surrounding neighborhood context. I Extending street grid connects new development. 1--1 ____-4-_J_ ------~~- • Provide a variety of densities within new housing developments to allow incremental transitions in density that maximize compatibility with existing neighborhood edges. Promote residential variety within larger housing developments. Step down density where abutting single-family neighborhoods. Extending block pattern connects infill Chapter 10 - Devel.opment Character • Plan Grana Rapids Locate higher density at the center of new development, along major thoroughfares, and/or abutting non-residential development. • Page 138 • Incremental change in density in new construction. �Natural Systems 0 Incorporate a site's natural features into higher density residential developments. • Preserve, as much as possible, a site's natural features and environmentally sensitive areas. Cluster development co preserve natural features and open space. Preserve woodlands, hedgerows, wetlands and landmark trees. Maintain a natural vegetation buffer (minimum 15 foot depth) next to existing wetlands and water bodies. • Site housing to minimize grading impacts. Step buildings clown slopes to retain the natural grade. Residences oriented to parks as neighborhood focus. Do not force walk-out conditions on shallow slopes. Minimize parking footprints on steeply sloped sites, for example by placing parking under buildings. • Preserve a site's natural features as an interconnected system. Preserve natural features, to the greatest extent possible, as continuous systems, rather than in isolated pockets. Connect open space systems and wildlife corridors on and off-site for greater habitat value. Where feasible, provide pedestrian greenway connections (off-street paths and trails) to the larger citywide open space system. Preservation of slopes, woodlands. Public Space 0 Incorporate parks and civic spaces into higher density residential development. • Include new neighborhood parks, squares or other civic spaces in new residential development. Provide open space for active and passive recreation in new developments. Locate new parks and neighborhood recreational features in highly visible areas, within easy walking distance of units. Connect parks and civic spaces to the citywide pedestrian system. Open spaces as leftover land, no parks or ciuic space. Include civic spaces and squares (or greens) as part of mixed-use residential development. • Design residential infill and redevelopment to reinforce existing parks, schools, playgrounds and civic uses. Provide direct pedestrian and street connections to existing parks, schools and civic uses. Lack of /)reservation in site design. • Page 139 • Plan Grand Rapids • Development Character - Chapter 10 �10.9.3 . . Project Concept Scale Uses and Densities 0 Promote the compatibility of higher density residential development with the character of surrounding neighborhoods. 0 Encourage greater housing variety and a mix of retail and neighborhood services in medium and high-density residential developments. • The scale of new development should fit within the context of the block and neighborhood. • Provide a range of housing densities, not to exceed the overall density permitted. Allow higher density residential development to establish incremental increases in the height, mass and scale of adjacent structures. Encourage an integrated mix of housing densities, types and costs to promote income and lifestyle choices within larger developments. Step down the height of development adjacent to single-family homes or other smaller structures. - Provide a finer mix of housing types within blocks, rather than large tracts of the same housing type. Encourage a mix of owner-occupied and rental units within developments, even on same lot (ancillary units or granny flats). Residential and retail mixed-use. New development should maintain the predominant height of existing buildings at the street, while allowing the new building's height to increase incrementally as it steps back from the street. The overall massing and articulation of the primary building frontage should be in proportion with existing single-family homes or structures on the block. • Integrate medium and high-density residential development with compatible retail, workplaces and neighborhood services. • New higher density residential development should be compatible with the architectural character of existing neighborhoods. Encourage the development of higher density housing in mixed-use centers Use rooflines and roof pitches compatible with adjacent structures and overall neighborhood chatacter. For example, use steeper pitched roofs in pre-WW[! areas, shallower roof pitches in ranch style neighborhoods and flat roofs in traditional business areas. Encourage small scale, resident-serving ground floor retail in medium and high-density residential redevelopment on major city streets. Example of an ancill.ary unit (granny flat). Mixed housing densities on the same block. Chapter 10 - Development Character • Plan Grand Rapids Incompatible massing, scale and roof!ine. • Page 140 • �Placement • Place building mechanical and/or support functions toward the rear of the site, away from the primary frontage or street. 0 Building placement should be compatible with the site's natural character and the surrounding neighborhood's physical pattern. Screen mechanical equipment, loading docks and building service from the view of adjacent properties and public rights-of-way. • Place buildings on a site consistent with its topography and natural features. Work with the topography of a site to minimize site grading. - Preserve natural features or landmark trees, as much as possible. • Maintain the same setback from the street for higher density residential development as the majority of existing structures on that street (or with.in that neighborhood). Maintain the existing street wall (distance from the street or property line) for residential infill in older neighborhoods or in neighborhood business areas. A consistent streerwall gives spatial definition ro the public realm, creating more pleasant, usable outdoor space. Maintain setbacks consistent with the residential setbacks in single-family neighborhoods. Inconsistent setbacks and fa~ades weaken the streetscape and pedestrian edge. Orientation 0 Orient primary fa<;ades and front entrances to reinforce the public realm. Primary entrances facing the street. • Orient the primary fac;:ade and main building entrances to the street. Provide at least one primary front entrance on street. Secondary entrances on side streets may also be provided. Provide sidewalks from front entrances to the fronting street, connecting m the city sidewalk network. • Architecturally define buildings' primary entrance(s) to the buildings from the street consistent with the architectural character of the surrounding structures or neighborhood. Garages facing the street deaden the public realm. A consistent streetwall defines outdoor space and the pedestrian realm. • Page 141 • Plan Grand Rapids • Development Character - Chapter 10 �Parking 10.9.4 , Project Detail O Garages and parking lots should not dominate the primary frontage of the development. Materials 0 Architectural character, materials and finishes of higher density residential development should be compatible with surrounding structures and the neighborhood. • Consider establishing maximum, rather than minimum, parking requirements for higher density residential development. • Locate parking to the rear of the site or building. • Use high quality, durable exterior materials and finishes. No parking should be allowed in front yards. High quality materials include wood ·idi ng, stone, brick, metal and stucco, consistent with the surrounding district. Rear yard parking (including parking under the buildings) is encouraged, accessed from a rear alley and/or side street. Internal parking courtyards, screened from the street, are also encouraged. Positive orientation to the street. Innovative or environmentally responsible exterior materials may be included provided they are similar in finish, dimension, texture and proportion to the building materials characteristic of the neighborhood or district. Where the above conditions cannot be met, parking may be located at the side of buildings with adequate screening. • Utilize on-street parking to meet parking needs, where possible. Quality trim and accent materials include wood or vinyl-clad wood, ceramic tile and metal, compatible with surrounding structures or neighborhood. Encourage a street pattern in higher density residential developments that allows for on-street parking and reduces the number of spaces needed in off-street lots. • Extend the primary fac;:ade materials to side fac;:ades, particularly when visible from the street. On-street parking may be used for visitor parking, or as part of the resident parking requirement, provided it does not co-opt on-street parking that serves pre-existing homes. Provide off-street parking for visitors if on-street parking is not sufficient. Residential infill development should incorporate the predominant materials used on the block. Parking tucked under residences, accessed from rear. • Screen parking lots from adjacent properties and public rights-of-way. Screen all off-street parking from adjacent properties with a 6-foot tall screenwall or dense evergreen hedge. Screen all off-street parking from public righcs-ofway with a 4-foot tall screenwall or dense evergreen hedge. Primary fa~ade materials extend to the side. Chapter 10 - Development Character • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 142 • �• Simple finishes and detailing are preferred, consistent with adjacent structures and homes. Shallow projections (bay windows, balconies, porches, and building overhangs) or setbacks from the primary fac;:ade are encouraged, compatible with the architectural character of the surrounding structures. Simplicity in materials is preferred, e.g. no more than three primary materials per fac;:ade. • Landscape 0 Incorporate high quality landscape design (both plantings and plaza paving) to add shade, color, texture and human scale. • Landscape design and materials should maintain visibility to entrances and fac;.ades from the street. Window and door trim should complement the overall building design and use materials consistent with the neighborhood. - Front yard setback areas may be landscaped with a combination of turf, ground cover, low shrubs, trees and conifers. • Encourage a coordinated variety of architectural design within larger developments. Simple plantings and bed layouts are preferred. Paved entrances and/or courtyards shou Id be constructed of durable materials such as concrete, brick, stone or unit pavers. Fa~acle articulation and proportion of doors and windows are compatible with existing homes. • Design window and door openings to be compatible and in proportion with adjacent structures. 1-ligh quality, durable materials. Articulation 0 The design and articulation of building fac;.ades should be compatible with surrounding structures and the neighborhood. • Primary fac;.ades should be in proportion with existing structures on the block or in the neighborhood. - Use a solid to void (solid wall to window/door opening) ratio on front fac;:ades of new buildings similar to that of existing structures. • Street trees, lawn and/or low ground cover should be planted near the street to establish a consistent streetscape. - The streetscape design should be compatible with the block and surrounding neighborhood. • Side and rear parking lots should incorporate canopy trees and landscaped islands to reduce heat and glare. - Use window and door opening dimensions compatible to adjacent structures. For example, use narrow, more vertical proportions in pre-WWII areas, wider more horizontal proportions for po·tWWII neighborhoods. • Higher density residential development on a corner should treat both fac;.ades as primary fac;.ades. Divide long fac;:ades into smaller increments (bays) in proportion to the rhythm and dimensions of existing single-family homes or other structures of the street. Traditional streetscape design with new infill. • Page 143 • Plan Grand Rapids • Development Character - Chapter 10 �• Site lighting All building entrances an<l access walks should be well lie. Pedestrian scale sidewalk lighting should be provided, consistent with the block or neighborhood. All parking lots should be well lit for safety, while shielding glare from neighboring properties. Simple landscape within dooryard or cown homes. Site Details 0 Architectural detailing should be incorporated to add visual interest and human scale to higher density housing, compatible with the character of the neighborhood. High qua/.ity architectural detailing in materials, scale, proportion and repetition. • The character and amount of architectural detailing should be compatible with the block/neighborhood. Projections, bays, balconies, porches, stoops and overhangs should be in proportion to the overall design. All building details should be of high quality materials and finishes consistent with the architectural character of the development. Incompatible architectural detailing, lower quality materiaL~. Chapter 10 - Development Character • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 144 • �10~10, Green Space in the Central City 10.10$1 . . Overview This section provides recommended development guidelines to promote the increase of green space in the central city. Parks, recreation and green space are necessary to the creation of a vital and vibrant central city. Public green spaces implemented in a systems-wide approach provide a central focus for new development, serve as a catalyst for private investment and contribute to the creation of a coherent framework of open space amenities. The Master Plan envisions a city of urban districts organized around a system of green space and connected by a network of green streets, paths and natural corridors. Increasing green space in the central city can be achieved through a variety of approaches, including street tree plantings, development of new neighborhood squares and pocket parks and the reclamation of underutilized or vacant spaces. A sustained effort will be required to create partnerships and locate funding for acquisition, development and maintenance of expanded green space in the central city. During the development of the Master Plan, the focus for increasing green space in the central city narrowed to three essential topics - green space related to roads and rights-of-way; vacant and underutilized land; and stom1water management. For ease of reference, guidelines for each of these three focus topics are presented under a general guideline statement that is related to a specific guideline vocabulary element. Primary Framework The Grand River serves as the spine of the open space system envisioned in the Master Plan. Secondary Framer~vrk Urban districts organized around a system of greenspace. • Page 145 • Plan Grand Rapids • Development Character - Chapter 10 �10.10.2 . . District/ Neighborhood Transitions and Edges 0 Provide green space as a transition between incompatible land uses, along major utility or transportation corridors and as a buffer to protect natural systems such as wetlands, streams and rivers. Connectivity 0 Coordinate both public and private sector planning of green space improvements to create interconnected systems that link neighborhoods and districts to the river and the larger citywide framework of greenways and non-motorized paths. • Streets and Rights-of-Way Design streetscape treatments that buffer neighborhoods from high volume traffic corridors and that reduce the barriers that these corridors create between neighborhoods. • Streets and Rights-of-Way Identify, and designate through design treatments, specific central city streets co serve as green connections and access points to the river. Identify and designate through design treatments specific central city streets to serve as green connections. • Vacant and Underutilized Land Acquire vacant or underutilized parcels contiguous to protected narn ral resources as buffers and transitions to the resource. Develop on-street elements of the proposed primary open space framework to provide major connections to regional systems. Inventory vacant parcels along the Grand River facilitate acquisition efforts in implementing a greenway corridor and river walk. Plan and implement a citywide system of on-street bike routes that link residents to key activity centers such as parks, shopping centers, transit stops and schools. Provide a continuous greenway edge along the Grand River, and a variable width green space edge along all tributary streams, as a method for improving the quality of surface run off from developed areas in the central city. Plan green space to create a linked system of diverse parks and recreational facilities. Promote the creation of quality landscape corridors along tributary creeks and floodplains to connect neighborhoods. Connections through a network of corridors following the riparian habitat of the city. • Stormwater Management - Coordinate basin-wide master planning and design of stormwater improvements with green space plans for neighborhoods in the central city. - Connect neighborhoods to the regional greenway network and the Grand River through riparian habitat corridors that follow the river's tributaries, per the recommendations of the Master Plan. Riverfront land developed as a greenway edge. Chapter 10 - Development Character • Plan Grand Rapids to • Stormwater Management • Vacant and Underutilized Land Advance the practice of neighborhood planning to include a system-wide acquisition strategy for parks, open space and riparian corridors. Plan streetscape improvements for roads that can serve as a transition between incompatible uses, such as residential and industrial land uses. • Page 146 • �Natural Systems • Stormwater Management Consider the creation of parks and civic spaces in the planning and design of area-wide stormwacer improvements; balance stormwater and flood control engineering needs with the creation of useable, aesthetically pleasing public spaces. 0 Develop cooperative processes within the Grand Rapids region to coordinate planning and design of public improvements with natural resource protection plans. Plan for a system of urban parks and open spaces for active and passive use adjacent to wetlands and floodplains, when feasible, to enhance resource interpretation and education of the natural features. • Streets and Rights-of-Way Align roads along the edges of parks and natural systems to enhance the visual quality of the route. Use utility rights-of-way to link natural areas. • Vacant and Underutilized Land Encourage the purchase of environmentally sensitive lands along the city's river and streams to serve the dual purpose of stormwater buffers and green space. Acquire vacant and underutilized parcels contiguous to protected natural systems as a means to extend the resources into the community fabric. Provide vacant parcels that are managed to support a native landscape to encourage wildlife and natural habitat in the central city neighborhoods. Preserve natural features, to the greatest extent possible, as a continuous system, rather than isolated pockets. • Stormwater Management Establish a structure/mechanism within the city to make coordinated stormwater management on a basin-wide basis more feasible and attractive. Encourage the redevelopment of closed stormwater systems as daylighted systems chat increase water quality, habitat suitability and flood control opportunities. A tramporta.tion network developed a.round the natural assets of the city. Public Space Organization 0 Use public green space as a focal point of activity and civic life in the central city. • Streets and Rights-of-Way Provide screetscape improvements that capitalize on the city street network in linking the city's public spaces and advancing the agenda of a citywide pedestrian network. Develop central city gateways as street identifiers and major elements of the city fabric. Improvements should include a combination of trees, shrubs and flowers, in conjunction with lighting, signage, furniture and public art. Continue traffic calming efforts arrd create boulevards or parkways on key streets of various scales. • Vacant and Underutilized Land Develop, in collaboration with residents, plans to acquire vacant land for parks and common green spaces in central city neighborhoods in the context of the Park and Recreation Master Plan. Where possible, locate a park or square as the focus of emerging or proposed neighborhood redevelopment projects and transit-oriented, mixed use development centers. Public greempa.ce a.s the focus for development. • Page 147 • Plan Grand Rapids • Development Character - Chapter 10 �10.10.3 .. Project Concept Scale Uses and Densities 0 Encourage the provision of green space in public and private project planning that is designed to provide human-scaled passive and active recreation opportunities that are responsive to the existing development context. 0 Locate new green space to be compatible with the existing community context and to be appropriate to the density of the residential population and/ or targeted user groups. • Streets and Rights-of-Way • Streets and Rights-of-Way Locate parks and green spaces to be visible from city streets, especially pedestrian priority streets, and to serve high-density residential and/or transitoriented, mixed-use areas in the central city. The location and size of green space should complement pedestrian priority streets to ensure continuity of activity. • Vacant and Underutilized Land • Vacant and Underutilized Land Vacant and underutilized parcels developed as part of the open space plan for new development at the project scale should have a minimum of 10,000 square feet of useable land and the park interior should be visible from the entrances. Locate parks and green spaces to complement nejghborhood structure and within one-half mile walking distance of the population served. Plan for the redevelopment of vacant parcels as neighborhood parks where land uses are compatible and appropriate location requirements are achieved. • Stormwater Management Stormwater management facilities should be designed with landscape improvements that create a human-scale and help to meet the open space needs of the city. • Stormwater Management 1n high-density projects, day lighting of stormwater infrastructure should be encouraged and designed to serve visual and recreational, as well as storm water management, purposes. Greenspace usecl along pedestrian oriented roads provides human-scale. Placement 0 Green space and parks in development and redevelopment projects should be centrally located and provide functional space for passive or active recreation. • Streets and Rights-of-Way Green space should be located so that it is accessible from at least one street. Where possible, align bicycle/pedestrian trails with pedestrian-oriented streets. • Vacant and Underutilized Land Provide pathways in the redevelopment of central city blocks to link common public ·paces and parks to all parts of the project and proviJe linkages to the area-wide green space network. • Stormwater Management Coordinate the location of green space with natural drainage corridors and floodplains to protect these important environmental resources. Human-scaled greenspace designed as an extension of the development the public realm. into Greenspace used at street ends in the planning of residential development. Chapter 10 - Development Character • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 148 • �Orientation Parking 0 Provide public green space oriented to pedestrian priority streets. Ensure clear vistas, terminal views and the ability to safely enter and exit public green space in the central city. 0 Green space should be used to mitigate the negative effects of parking lots and structures on the visual quality and micro-environment of the urban environment. • Streets and Rights-of-Way Green space should be visible from the public rights-of-way and should abut and be within three feet in elevation of a pedestrian connection to be visually and physically accessible. • Vacant and Underutilized Land Vacant land not visible from the public right-of-way is best used as native landscape buffers with minimal public use or acces . Green space provided in new development should positively contribute to the quality of the public realm. • Streets and Rights-of-Way Parking lots should be located to the rear of buildings, whenever possible. - Landscape buffers should screen am! ·often the view of parking lots from public rights-of-way. • Vacant and Underutilized Land Vacant or underutilized parcels contiguous to greenway or natural landscape corridors, and conveniently accessible by car, should be developed as trailheads to increase greenway use potential in the central city. • Stormwater Management • Stormwater Management Plan for day-lighted stormwater facilities as a central open space feature or as a continuation of the green space network in the project. New development should integrate stormwater management systems into parking lot design, wherever possible, using bioretention techniques to direct surface runoff to shallow landscaped depressions in the parking lot. Pl.an for greens pace along the city's riparian conidors and floodplains. The daylighting of historic streams and drainage channels is a method for introducing centrally oriented stormwater management facilities as a central greenspace element in new development. • Page 149 • Plan Grand Rapids • Development Character - Chapter IO �10.10.4 - Project Detail • Stormwater Management Use functional materials and design approaches that promote water conservation and stormwater management practices such as retention ponds, planted parking islands and pem1eable paving materials. Landscape 0 Green space projects in the central city should seek to reinforce the existing landscape character of the neighborhood and/or extend the natural landscape into the project. • Streets and Rights-of-Way New roads should be designed to avoid impacts to the site's mature trees and include street tree plantings that form a pleasing canopy while providing safe and functional movement of automobiles. • Vacant and Underutilized Land Site areas that will remain as buffers should be designed and/or managed as native landscapes providing minimal maintenance requirements and maximum opportunity for wildlife habitat and water quality enhancement. However, security and safety issues should be considered in the design concept for these areas. • Stormwater Management Existing drainageways, riparian corridors and wetlands should be maintained or enhanced in a natural state. Mature trees extend the region's landscape into neighborhoods at the pro1ect scale. Site Details 0 Civic spaces and green space in the central city should reinforce community identity and culture. The site details should combine to provide a distinctive character and form and reflect the importance of these spaces to the fabric of the city. The design of streets adjacent to new development should be pedestrian friendly including elements such as street trees and sidewalks. • Streets and Rights-of-Way Design all streets to be pedestrian friendly, including such elements as sidewalks and street trees. Pedestrian priority streets should include details such as special paving, seating and decorative lighting. • Vacant and Underutilized Land New development projects should seek to organize vacant parcels as a discernable center to form a green or square which is designed to provide meaningful public space. Elements such as defined edges, pedestrian scale and accessible open space should be included to create a strong sense of spatial definition. Pathways within projects should be designed with distinctive lighting and landscape treatments to extend greenspace throughout the project. Stcmnwater systems should be landscaped with native vegetation as an extension of the site's landscape plan. Chapter 10 - Development Character • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 150 • �11 *O ~ Area~Specific Plans 11 ~ 1 ~ Introduction tllllllllll The Master Plan provides a city, wide vision of how to direct and manage land use change in the community. In some instances, a more detailed approach will be required to insure that appropriate consideration is given to character, design and detailed issues. Area, specific planning provides the opportunity to more closely examine a particular geographic area of the city and tailor appropriate recommendations that best suit the needs of area residents, businesses and property owners. • Page 151 • Plan Grand Rapids • Area-Specific Plans - Chapter 11 �Figure 11.a .,. North East BeltHne Future Land Use LEGEND 0 Water Body - -sidewalk - Water/Sewer Sen,lce Area Boundary ' -.. Non-Motorized Path System - - Planned Oo-Stree.t Bikeway CJ • Designated Development Area Environmentally Sensitive Area low Density Residential • Commercial Medium Density Residential High Denatty Resldentlal Pm/Open Space Urban Agrlcutture • • Mixed Service Mixed Use Offlce Institutional Chapter 11 - Area-Specific Plans • Plan Grand Rapids the Master Plan's recommendations and enhance an area's viability and stability. Area-specific planning is an effective way to ensure that land use and development goals for a particular area of the city are identified to protect its unique character while encouraging reinvestment and revitalization. These plans provide a closer analysis of an area than a citywide master plan by establishing a specific mix of uses and building types, roadway alignments and design treatments, and necessary public facilities and amenities needed to make a neighborhood, mixed-use area or business district a success. Formally, area-specific plans may be officially adopted into the city's Master Plan. Informally, they can serve as catalysts to organize neighborhoods, increase citizen technical skills and attract desired private sector investment. To be effective, area-specific planning efforts must be collaborative, involving residents, businesses, institutions, city representatives, property owners and/or developers. This collaborative planning approach will make it possible to craft detailed plans that balance varied interests, build on • Page 152 • Area-specific planning will create significant benefits: • implementation of the Master Plan; • appropriate allocation of Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funding; • coordination of Community Resource Team (CRT) activities as part of the city's Community Oriented Government (COG) initiative; • prioritization of Transportation Enhancement project requests; • the effective targeting of public investment within a given geographic area; • strategic investment by community foundations and other non-profit organizations; and • a strategic focus for neighborhood and business organizations. �11 ~3 ~ Planning Areas Area-specific plans may be prepared for blocks, neighborhoods, business districts or larger areas. They may be undertaken in response to a development proposal or as a proactive planning study. In all cases, these plans should be developed as a complement to the Master Plan. Area-specific planning is recommended for the city's neighborhoods - especially those in need of revitalization - and for the following areas as identified on the Future Land Use Map (Page 21): • mixed-use areas; • neighborhood, village and sub-regional centers; and • traditional business area core and connectors. In addition, planning may be required in areas where land use regulations are in place that fail to protect the character of an area or satisfy the objectives of the citywide Master Plan. It may also be needed where the Planning Commission has determined that due to the scale or impact of a proposed development additional analysis is required. 11 ~4 ~ Initiators and Partnerships An area-specific planning process can be initiated by the Planning Commission (as described above), property owner(s), developer(s) in the pre-planning stages, community- based organization(s) and/ or the Planning Department. Partnerships should be actively sought with key stakeholders to gain insight, understand issues and anticipate challenges prior to a plan's development. Stakeholders may include residents, business owners, property owners, workers, institutions, elected officials, ciry officials, neighborhood and business associations, non-profit organizations and other groups or individuals who are interested in the future of the area to be planned. These stakeholders should remain engaged throughout the planning process to ensure ownership of what is proposed in the plan recommendations, to assist with implementation and, ultimately, to realize the goals of the neighborhood or area plan. Communiry engagement in an area-specific planning process also contributes to the philosophy of this Master Plan by listening and responding to the community. 11 ~5 ~ Planning Process A general approach to preparing a neighborhood or area-specific plan is provided below. No specific planning approach is mandated by state law; however, the following suggested process has proven itself over time to produce effective results. This approach may be modified based upon the purpose of the areaspecific plan. Active public participation and stakeholder engagement throughout the entire planning process is an essential component of a successful planning process. • Collect Data - Do research; collect and analyze information on the physical, social and economic characteristics of the study area. • Identify Problems and Opportunities - Define key planning and urban design problems and opportunities. • Formulate Goals - Define goals and translate them into objectives and priorities. • Preliminary Plan - Formulate and evaluate plan alternatives to develop a preliminary plan. • Page 153 • Charrette Process One technique that can be used to plan an area is called a chanette. A charrerte is a highly interactive design process undertaken within a brief perilld of time by an inter-<lbciplinary team that generally includes community stakeholders, planners, landscape architects, engineers, and others involved in land development decisions. This process provides five distinct advantages as a planning tool. 1. This inclusive event encourages all project stakeholders to participate in the planning process and to act creatively within their areas of expertise. 2. All participants focus on tbe project's history, constraints and opportunities at the same time ... everyone gets the same information. 3. Limited in time and scope. the chan:ette clearly and quickly defines relevant design and development issues, creates alternative solutions and graphically presents the project's final direction. 4. Participants are willing to implement the plan with a clear understanding of what is proposed and their roles as stakeholders. 5. Documentation of the planning process, issues, alternatives, stakeholder involvement and project recommendations is provided at the end of the process. It is important that all appropriate entities are involved in the charrette process from the beginning. When individuals are involved at the inception of a project they are more likely to support the final recommendations. ---- - - -- - - - Plan Grand Rapids • Area-Specific Plans - Chapter 11 �• Refine Plan - Review and refine the plan and approve the end product as the neighborhood/ area-specific plan. Information Collection Important infom,ation to collect concerning the built environment may include the data below. • Existing land use • Building condition • Ownership • Height and massing of buildings • Historic/architecturally significant structures • Size of parcels • Setbacks from the street • Placement of entrances and windows • Walls and fences • Parking area design and relationship to buildings • Number of parking spaces, utilization, square feet of building space/number of dwelling units served • Road widths, sidewalks, curb cuts, medians • Pattern of streets/size of parcels • Patterns of movement (e.g. pedestrian connections, access to transportation/transit) • Street furnintre (e.g. bus stops, street lights, signs) • Landscaping materials, both planting and hardscape • Implementation - Present the plan to property owners, residents, business people and other key stakeholders located within the study area to verify consensus. A resolution of support from neighborhood and business associations is encouraged. Present the plan to the Planning Commission and City Commission for adoption. (Once adopted the plan should be used as a standard for gaining site plan approval.) Initiate implementation actions. • Continue Planning - Monitor and evaluate progress. Update and revise the plan as needed. 11 ~6 ~ Area~Specific Plan Elements An area-specific plan should attempt to achieve several goals in order to be considered for adoption as an amendment to the citywide Master Plan. These goals insure consistency with the policies and recommendations of the Master Plan and other City of Grand Rapids documents. Plans will: • reference, and be consistent with, the recommendations of the citywide Master Plan; • assign appropriate and reasonable land use classifications; • Public infrastructure (e.g. drainage facilitie~, bridges) • Social interaction opportunities and activity centers • Relationship between built and natural environment (e.g. sensitive environmental lands, valued natural features, where conflicts may occur) • Architectural styles and traditions • Infill opportunities Chapter 11 - Area-Specific Plans • Plan Grand Rapids • promote compatibility with the existing character of an area; • provide standards and design guidelines for land uses and development character consistent with the Master Plan; • promote transit and walkability; • Page 154 • • designate pedestrian priority streets in coordination with the more detailed planning of the distribution of uses within the area and the Street Classification Policy; • identify, if necessary, additional infrastructure improvements. The following elements are recommended in an areaspecific plan to achieve these goals. Additional elements may be included beyond this list, particularly if a neighborhood and/or business association has undertaken a planning effort. In many neighborhood plans additional social issues, traditionally not addressed by a land use plan, may be included. Therefore, portions of a plan rather than the complete document may be selected to arnend the city's Master Plan. At a minimum, an area-specific plan should contain the following elements: • neighborhood/ area-specific boundaries; • neighborhood/area-specific character description; • purpose or intent of plan; • description of planning process; • list of stakeholders involved in the process; • relationship to other plans, policies and regulations; • strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis or other issue identification mechanism for the planning area; • existing and future conditions, including but not limited to: - streets (layout, hierarchy) - structures (type, use, height, setback) - property (lot size, configuration) - parking (type, location and use) - landmarks/amenities; �• land use and design goals/objectives; • plan recommendations and/ or conceptual site plan (if for a small area) that includes proposed land use, infrastructure investments, desired design guidelines, etc.; and each public utility company and railroad company owning or operating a public utility or railroad that has registered its name and address for the purpose of receiving notification. Comments from the above listed entitles may be submitted to the Planning Commission on the proposed plan within 40 days after the plan was submitted for review. A copy of the comments shall also be provided to the Kent County Board of C,Hnmissioners. • an action plan. 11 ~ 7 ~ Adopted Area~Specific Plans A neighborhood or area-specific plan can only be implemented if appropriate decision-makers are aware of what the plan says. It is recommended that such plans serve as amendments to the citywide Master Plan. As an amendment to the Master Plan, the City of Grand Rapids Planning Commission and the City Commission would formally adopt the areaspecific plan. Upon adoption, it can then be used to justify decisions that are consistent with the plan's intent. The following plans have been adopted as part of this Master Plan. • North East Beltline Joint Development Plan (Adopted 1998) • Street Classification Policy (Adopted 1996) • Voices & Visions: Community Planning for Downtown (Adopted 1993) These plans shall serve as complements to the Master Plan. The City of Grand Rapids Master Plan, adopted November 14, 2002 shall supersede an areaspecific plan or other earlier city land use plans if an inconsistency exists. Every effort has been made to incorporate the recommendations of earlier areaspecific plans (e.g. Northeast and Northwest area plans) into this Master Plan document. Amending the Master Plan Several steps must be undertaken for the Planning Commission and City Commission to adopt a neighborhood or area-specific plan as an amendment to the Master Plan. The Municipal Planning Act (285 of 1931, as amended) requires the following process to amend the city's Master Plan. • The Planning Commission and City Commission shall be notified in writing of the intent to prepare an areaspecific plan. • Upon completion, the plan shall be submitted to the Planning Commission, who then shall submit the proposed plan to the City Commission for review and comment. The City Commission shall then approve the distribution of the proposed plan. • The City Commission will direct the Planning Commission's secretary to submit a copy of the proposed plan for review and comment to: the Planning Commissions or legislative bodies of each city, village or township located within or contiguous to the City of Grand Rapids; • Not less than 5 5 days or more than 75 days after the release date of the plan, the Kent Counry Board of Commissioners shall provide comments on the plan to the City of Grand Rapids Planning Commission. Comments shall include, but not be limited to, a statement of whether the plan is consistent with plan of adjoining communities and/or is consistent with any county plans. • The Planning Commission will hold at least one (I) public hearing on the proposed plan, which shall be h_eld once the comment period has closed. • Public notice shall be provided not less than 15 days before the hearing by 1 publication in a newspaper. All entities that were offered the oppornmity for comment shall also be notified. • ll1e plan must be approved by 2/3 of the members of the Planning Commission. • Following approval ofthe proposed plan by the Planning Commission, the Secretary of the Planning Commission shall submit a copy of the proposed plan to the City Commission. • Unless the City Commission asserts its right to approve or reject the plan, the Planning Commission adoption shall be the final step for the plan. • If the City Commission chooses - neighborhood and business associations located within or contiguous to the planning area; West Michigan Regional Planning Commission; Kent County Board of Commissioners; and ---• • Page 155 • to reject the plan, the Planning Commission shall consider the City Commission's objections and revise the proposed plan to address those objections. Note: R~bion~ w th\! pbn ar~ the ft!."J'.X"')mihilitf of the Planninll' CtlOlffiL.'-~ion; how~ It 1:. recommended thar any chang~ bt· mndc in conjunl.'.tion with chc cnriry thnt initiate<l the nelghhorhocxJ ur aren-spt:cifo: plan. t-'\.'Cf 1 --------■ Plan Grand Rapids • Area-Specific Plans - Chapter 11 �12~0 ~ Implementation 12~1 ~ Introduction 111111111111111 The City of Grand Rapids Master Plan is made up graphic of and narrative land use recommendations that function as benchmarks and provide basic guidelines for making coordinated community development decisions. Completion and adoption of the plan is not the end of the planning process. Plan implementation must be achieved over an extended period through the cooperative efforts of the public, private and nonprofit sectors. • Page 157 • Plan Grand Rapids • Implementation - Chapter 12 �"This city was a palace once. And there were no kings or queens or dukes, but only citizens, beholden to each other. And this city can be a palace again." Mayor John Pappas in Citt..Hiili, Castle Rock Entertainment, (1996). This City of Grand Rapids Master Plan was created by over 3,000 citizens of Grand Rapids in 250 meetings over a one and a ha1f year period in collaboration with a Master Plan Committee of thirty members, the City Planning Staff, and the consultant team. It represents our hopes and visions for the future of our community. In large areas of the city, citizens have chosen a future that values traditional, walkable neighborhoods and mixed-use commercial districts; as well as a recovery of the viable transportation choices that used to exist. At the same time, the vision embraces a city in sustainable harmony with the natural environment. At first sight, a concern for the natural environment may appear inconsistent with an urban vision, but a nationwide consensus is emerging that the key to preservation of the natural environment lies in revitalization of the American city. Not less important to our citizens is their concern for the educational, cultural, and spiritual dimensions of community, along with a desire and respect for the true diversity that enriches us all. It is important to acknowledge our community values that shaped this Master Plan as we strrve towards its implementation. This chapter provides implementation recommendations to achieve the promise of the Master Plan. It is presented in three sections. Action Plan Overcoming Barriers to Implementation Despite the application of a wide-range of plan implementation techniques, institutional barriers may limit its effectiveness. Strategies for overcoming a number of barriers are described. 12~2 ~ Action Plan Twelve action items recommended to implement the Master Plan are found in Figure 12.a -Short-Term Implementation Action Plan - Page 160. The following elements are included for each action item. • Assignment - The party(ies) responsible for undertaking the activity. • Action Summary - A brief description of the activities to be performed. • Timing - Recommendations for activity start and completion dates. • Priority. All Action Plan items can contribute to the success of the Master Plan; however, the Master Plan Committee ranked the items in the order of their relative importance: Tier I: Top Priorities (Critical) The Action Plan identrfies, assigns and proposes a schedule for major next steps to ensure that the momentum achieved in formulating the Master Plan is continued in initiating its implementation. • Zoning Ordinance and Map Audit and Update Action Plan , Theme Matrix • Citywide Studies This matrix shows how each of the Action Plan items relates to the objectives and policies of the Master Plan's seven theme chapters. The matrix demonstrates the continued integration of themes in the implementation phase. • Information Outreach • City Department and Program Action Priorities Tier II: Intermediate Priorities (Essential) • Neighborhood and Area-Specific Plans • Design Assistance Center Chapter 12 - Implementation • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 158 • �• Capital Improvements Program Development • State Legislation • Master Plan Evaluation Tier Ill: Lower Ranking Priorities (Desirable) • Guidelines Workbook • Growth Management Program • Economic Summit The activities included in each action item will require a continuing process of public collaboration, according to the following principles. Those impacted by an action item should be involved early on in the process. • Community involvement should occur prior to reaching decisions. • Partnering agreements that articulate a process for resolving disputes should be encouraged to gain commitment by the participants. approves a zoning map overlaid on a street or parcel map of the community. It is possible to identify the use district within which any parcel ofland is located, the uses that are permitted and the restrictions that apply to the land. Regulations in different kinds of districts may be different; however, regulations within the same district must be consistent throughout the commw1.ity. The city's current zoning ordinance (text and map) has not been comprehensively updated for many years. It is recommended that appropriate text and zoning district map amendments be pursued following a technical audit of the zoning code to compare it with the objectives of the Master Plan. Particular attention should be given to incorporating flexibility in the zoning regulations, such as floating zones, planned unit developments, overlay zoning, incentive (bonus) zoning, and typology coding. Ill llt PUD PUD R-1 A CEIW< LJI 11111111 f'il 1 111111111 The zoning code and map are essencial cools in implementing che 12.2.2 , Information and Outreach Master Plan. As noted by the Urban Land Institute: A process of public collaboration can help to overcome potential limitations on time, money, resources and administrative capacity that may occur as implement occurs. Actively soliciting the support of private industry and foundations can help to overcome limitations in public sector resources. 12.2.1 , Zoning Ordinance and Map Audit and Update The zoning code and map are essential tools in implementing the Master Plan. The local zoning code divides a community into land use districts and establishes building restrictions limiting the height, lot area coverage and other dimensions of structures that are permitted within each district. At the time that the City Commission adopts a zoning code, it The planning and development business is much more complicated than it used to be. No longer is it possible to consider the public and private sectors as independent actors. Tight budgets have caused public agencies to act simultaneously as regulators of and partners in private development; interest groups have become stronger and more sophisticated, and the diversity of participants has increased. Clearly, it's a new balI game for developers, local governments, and citizens. 1 To promote a broad understanding of Master Plan recommendations, it will be necessary to meet with: • neighborhood and business associations; • private sector interests (lenders, developers, major property owners, etc.); • Page 159 • 1 ULI - The Urban Land ln:.tirute with Pr()J!ram for Community Problem Solvinl:!', rulling Togcrber: A Planning and De\-..:lo~CD.::1w..:..B11ilding Mao1ml- Wa.shingron D.C.: ULI -The Urban L-md ln.,titute, 1994, pp. 11 and 12. Plan Grand Rapids • Implementation - Chapter 12 �Figure 12.a .. Short-Term Implementation Action Plan Action Item Zoning Ordinance and Map Audit and Update (See Section 12.2.1 - Page 159) Assignment(s) Action Summary • City Planning Department Conduct review of city zoning ordinance and map to: • City Planning Commission Timing January 2003-December 2004 • prioritize amendments needed; • Zoning Board of Appeals • prepare amendments with citizen advisory committee input; • City Commission • conduct community reviews; and • adopt amendments. Information and Outreach (See Section 12.2.2 - Page 159) • City Planning Department • Neighborhood and Business Associations Promote understanding of Master Plan recommendations by meeting with: • Foundations • neighborhood and business associations; Starting with Master Plan adoption (October 2002); ongoing • private sector interests (lenders, developers, major property owners, etc.); • non-profit & community-based organizations; • institutions; • city department and program staff; • neighboring jurisdictions, County, GVMC, Region 8 representatives; and • Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT). City Department and Program Action Priorities (See Section 12.2.3 - Page 162) • City Manager • City Departments and appropriate programs _,____ Ask City Manager to direct each department or program to: • For November 2002 3-Year City Strategic Plan update; annual • define 3 action steps (with work plan and timetable) to implement Master Plan recommendations; incorporate these initiatives into the annual update of the 3Year City Strategic Plan and to report on progress and additional initiatives annually. Review and coordinate projects and funding with MDOT; • Annual November 2002-January 2003 • review policies for consistency with Master Plan objectives; and • review ordinances and codes for con istency with Master Plan objectives and propose appropriate amendments. Citywide Studies (See Section 12.2.4 - Page 163) • City Departments Prioritize and undertake citywide snidies, e.g.: • Interurban Transit Partnership (JTP) • Historic Pi-eservation Plan; • Stakeholder Groups • Environmentally Sensitive Areas lnvenrory; • Foundations • Bikeway and Pedestrian Facilities Plan; and • Fixed Route T(ansit Plan. Chapter 12 - Implementation • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 160 • January 2003-June 2004 �Figure 12.a .. Short-Term Implementation Action Plan Action Item Neighborhood and Area-Specific Plans (See Section 12.2.5 - Page 164) ' • • • • • • • • Assignment(s) Action Summary Neighborhood and Business Associations City Planning Department Community Development Department City Design Team Design Assistance Center Foundations Economic Development Department Foundations • Develop criteria/priorities for planning efforts, including the provision of technical assistance, project funding and implementation techniques in consultation with neighborhood, business, property owner and developer representatives. Timing • November 2002-January 2003 • 2003 • Ongoing • "Pilot" and test the proposed process; refine. • Undertake additional planning efforts. Design Assistance Center (See Section 12 .2.6 - Page 164) • GVMC • Foundations Explore the potential for establishing a DAC: November 2002-April 2003 • solicit funding; • identify host organization; and • organize DAC composition and assistance protocol. Capital Improvements Program Development (See Section 12.2. 7 - Page 165) City Budget Office Update CIP process including: November 2002-October 2004 • Planning Commission participation; • staff training; and • program plan criteria and forms. Make the Master Plan a basic reference in proposing and prioritizing CIP projects. State Legislation (See Section 12.2.8 - Page 165) City Legislative Liaison Propose and lobby for needed state legislation (e.g., design review authority, demolition assessments, impact fees, transfer of development rights (TOR), concurrency requirements). January 2003; ongoing Master Plan Evaluation (See Section 12.2.9 - Page 166) • City Planning Department Develop measures, criteria and tools for Master Plan evaluation and maintenance. Prepare annual report on Master Plan implementation progress and priorities. Assess accountability. Evaluate consistency between Plan objectives and policies. Update the Plan through official action every five years. • November 2002-October 2003 • City Planning Commission • Zoning Board of Appeals • Citizens • Annual report/review • Five year renewal/update by 2007 Guidelines Workbook (See Section 12.2.10 - Page 169) • • • • City Planning Department Planning Commission City Design Team Foundations Prepare comprehensive design guidelines workbook addressing neighborhood character types and business areas. January 2003-June 2004; ongoing additions and revisions Growth Management Program (See Section 12.2.11 - Page 170) • Grand Valley Metro Council Carry out GVMC Blueprint II planning process. Ongoing Economic Summit (See Section 12.2.12 - Page 170) • • • • • Consider holding annual Economic Development Summit to address on-going regional issues affecting private investment decisions (infrastructure, quality of life, funding assistance, etc.). November 2002-January 2003; annual • West Michigan Strategic Nliance (WMSA) The Right Place Program Urban Redevelopment Council Sustainable Business Forum Economic Development Department Neighborhood Business Alliance • Page 161 • Plan Grand Rapids • Implementation - Chapter 12 �Excerpt from State Municipal Planning Act The Planning Commission shall make and approve a master plan for the physical development of the municipality, including any areas outside of its boundaries which, in the Commission's judgment, bear relation to the planning of the municipality. The Planning Commission may meet with other governmental planning commissions to deliberate. The municipal plan, with the accompanying maps, plats, charts, and descriptive matter shall show the planning commission's recommendations for the development of the territory, including, but not limited to, all of the following: (a) The general location, character, and extent of streets, viaducts, subways, bridges, waterways, floodplains, water fronts, boulevards, parkways, playgrounds, and open spaces. (b) The general location of public buildings and other public property. (c) The general location and extent of public utilities and terminals, whether publicly or privately owned or operated, for water, light, sanitation, transportation, communication, power, and other purposes. (d) The removal, relocation, widening, narrowing, vacating, abandonment, change of use, or extension of any of the ways, grounds, open spaces, buildings, property, utilities, or terminals described in subdivision (a), (b), or (c). (e) The general location, character, layout, and extent of community centers and neighborhood units. (f) The general character, extent, and layout of the replanning and rede,·elopment of blighted areas. (g) A zoning plan for the control of the height, area, bulk, location, and use of buildings and premises. The municipal plan shall address land use issues and may project 20 years or more into the future. The plan shall include maps, plats, charts, and descriptive, explanatory, and other related matter and shall show the planning commission's recommendations for the physical development of the municipality. . • foundations, non-profits, community-based and faith-based organizations; 12.2.3 .,. City Department and Program Action Priorities • institutions; Two activities are recommended as part of this Action Plan item. • city departments and program staff; • neighboring communities; and • public organizations (Grand Valley Metro Council, Region 8, etc.) and public agencies (for example, the Michigan Department of Transportation). The Municipal Planning Act (State PA 285 of 1931) empowers the Planning Commission to lead this critical activity. In addition, amendments to the Municipal Planning Act adopted in 2002 require coordination of planning activities among neighboring municipalities through consultation prior to plan adoption and by making copies of adopted master plans available. These efforts are designed to lead to continuity in planning policies among communities. PA 285 also provides that the proposed plan be shared with each public utility company and railroad company owning or operating a public utility or railroad within the municipality, and any government entity, that registers its name and address for this purpose. Specific activities which should be considered as part of this Action Plan item include: • creation of a "speakers bureau" comprised of Planning Commission, Master Plan Committee, neighborhood and business association members who can be called upon to represent the Master Plan at specific outreach events; • broad distribution of an executive summary document/poster that quickly communicates Master Plan objectives and recommendations. - Chapter 12 - Implementation • Plan Grand Rapids • Encourage city departments to identify initiatives that support the Master Plan and can be incorporated into the annual update of the city's 3-Year Strategic Plan. • Review city policies and codes for consistency with Master Plan objectives, including the goal of sustainable development; and prepare necessary amendments. Strategic Planning A strategic plan is a series of detailed actions and programs used to address major community opportunities and problems in the short term. Strategic planning helps communities become more effective in implementing planning objectives because it identifies specific actions that will be undertaken by a certain date, who will undertake them and at what cost.2 The city's 3-Year Strategic Plan is updated annually. It provides an ideal vehicle for focusing the attention of city departments on Master Plan recommendations by asking each department (and program) to identify specific initiatives that will help to implement plan recommendations for incorporation into the Strategic Plan update. These initiatives should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and trackable. Such a process could be initiated at the request of the City Manager and institutionalized as an administrative practice in Grand Rapids. · Planning and Zoning Center, C~ . . H a.n.<l.boo.h. Iuuk.Jw.u....icclin.iQ Ut'Llill ( Juidino Commuoiry .<.:hangc, Mkhig;m Society of Planni n~ Officials, 1991, pg. 7. • Page 162 • �City Policy and Code Review Many communities have found that their own development policies and codes can actually work against their efforts to achieve master plan objectives. This can be especially true with respect to the principles of Smart Growth. For example, local policies often promulgate inflexible rules that result in excessively wide residential streets, expansive parking lots and mass clearing and grading of forested areas. At the same time, local codes often give developers little or no incentive to conserve natural areas. Consequently, communities need to re-evaluate their local codes and policies to ensure development decisions that are consistent with master plan recommendations. Model development regulations affecting residential streets and parking lots, lot development and the conservation of natural resources prepared by the Center for Watershed Protection (Maryland) in their landmark 1998 publication Better Site Design: A Handbook for Changing Development Rules in Your Community are presented in Supplement A-2 to assist in an assessment of current city policies and requirements, and the need to amend them. This audit may lead to changes to regulations governing the subdividing and dividing of land within the city. Local authority for such regulations is provided by the Land Division Act (PA 288 of 1967) and Condominium Act (PA of 1978). • Land Division Act - The Land Division Act (formerly and more commonly known as the Subdivision Control Act) is the state law permitting a seller to record a plat of land by dividing into blocks and lots (Please refer to Supplement A-2). This permits the sale of land to be made by reference to a recorded plat (rather than in metes and bounds) making taxes easier to assess and collect. The act also describes the process and requirements for the "replatting" of property - often a necessity when redevelopment is to be encouraged in already developed areas. • Condominium Regulation - Separate legislation governs the regulation of condominium development - a circumstance involving a single real property parcel with all the unit owners having a right in common to use the common elements with separate ownership confined to the individual units that are serially designated. Initially, condominium developments were of the apartment variety and subject to local multifamily zoning regulations. Subsequently, single-family detached condominium development emerged as a housing option. As a result, local zoning requirements are necessary to ensure that site condominiums are built to the same standards as single-family subdivisions. Condominium developments contain common elements requiring unique development tegulations. 12.2.4 -- Citywide Studies The master plan process has focused upon providing an overall recommended pattern of future land use for the city. At the same time, it has identified a number of citywide studies that will be important for the plan's successful implementation. It is recommended that the city pursue the preparation of additional studies: • Historic Preservation Plan • Environmentally Sensitive Areas Inventory and Plan • Bikeway and Pedestrian Facilities Plan • Fixed Route Transit Plan These studies, once prepared, should be adopted as amendments to the Master Plan. A Bikeway and Pedestrian Facilities Plan is recommended. • Page 163 • Plan Grand Rapids • Implementation - Chapter 12 �12.2.5 - Neighborhood and Area-Specific Plans Neighborhood planning is authorized by the Municipal Planning Act and can provide a finer grain of analysis than is available through a citywide master plan. Area-specific plans may be prepared for a block, a neighborhood, a business district or a larger area. They may be undertaken in response to a development proposal or as a proactive planning study. A specific work plan should be used in preparing a neighborhood or area-specific study such as discussed in Chapter 11 - Area-Specific Plans - Page 151 There are myriad of sites within Grand Rapids well suited for detailed study and planning. Given this competition, it is recommended that this Action Plan item include the following steps: Plainfield Avenue and Leonard Svreet Special Study. • develop criteria/ priorities for planning efforts, including technical and funding assistance that may be provided by the city and other sources; • "pilot" and test the proposed process and refine the process as necessary; and • undertake additional planning studies. 12.2.6 - Design Assistance Center Design assistance is often needed co develop neighborhood and area-specific plans and guidelines, and can be helpful in illustrating how plans and guidelines can be translated into more detailed development decisions. Often, the need for design assistance (in both area-specific planning and design review) is greater than the city staff and budget alone can provide. Communities are increasingly relying on the assistance of an independent design assessment center to expand city staff capabilities. A design assessment center (DAC) is an independent organization having the expertise to provide Chapter 12 - Implementation • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 164 • technical assistance on design issues on an as-needed basis. As a non-profit entity, the DAC may be housed within a university or operate as a division of a government department; it can be financially supported by universities; local, county and regional government; foundations and/ or the development community or it may be staffed by volunteer design professionals. A DAC may: • mediate disputes between the applicant(s), municipality and affected neighborhood; and • provide technical advice and/ or recommendations to neighborhood groups or the city on design related matters. There are many prototypes in existence. One example is the Design Center of the Chattanooga-Hamilton (Tennessee) Regional Planning Commission. It was established in 1990 as a division of the planning agency. It is staffed by employees of the planning agency, the River Valley Company and a consultant from the University of Tennessee School of Architecture. Over the past decade the Chattanooga Design Center has had a significant impact as a catalyst and facilitator in encouraging reinvestment - and quality design - in the downtown area. It is recommended that the potential for establishing a DAC be explored and an organizational strategy be completed. Specific Action Plan tasks are: • explore potential organizational structures; • identify potential funding sources; • identify a host organization; and • organize DAC composition and assistance protocol and technology requirements. Some cities have started using virtual reality simulation as an aide in providing design review assistance. These computer-generated images depict the design proposal within the context of its setting. The City �of Birmingham, Michigan currently utilizes this technique to evaluate the design character of buildings proposed for their downtown. Computer Assisted Design (CAD) drawings are electronically provided by the applicant at the time site plan approval application is made. This information is then manipulated by staff using vendor provided software to create an "as-built" image of the proposed project at its intended location. 12.2. 7 .. Capital Improvements Programming A capital expenditure can be defined as any outlay that produces benefits in periods beyond the current accounting period. A Capital Improvements Program (CIP) establishes a formal mechanism for consideration and implementation of capital expenditures covering a period of six years, with the first year representing the current capital budget. A CIP can allow improvement proposals to be tested against set policies and/or goals, objectives and plans of the community. In fact, cities, villages and townships having an adopted master plan under authority of the Municipal Planning Act (PA 285 of 1931, as amended) must annually prepare a CIP. Section 9 of PA 285 reads, in part: For the purpose of furthering the desirable future development of the municipality under the master plan the city planning commission, after the commission shall have adopted a master plan, shall prepare coordinated and comprehensive programs of public structures and improvements. The commission shall annually prepare such a program for the ensuing six years ... I There are many ways to prepare a CIP. A seven (7) step process is outlined in Supplement A-5. The preparation of a CIP using this sequence is recommended to program specific projects recommended in an earlier chapter of this report. Examples include the improvement of 28'h Street, improving "connections" to the riverfront by extending 7th or 8 th Street, the extension of Seward Avenue nortl1 to Ann Street, or returning the rapids to the Grand River. 12.2.8 .. State Legislation Amendments to state enabling law are required for the city to apply new techniques or install new requirements for development projects, in a manner that benefits Master Plan implementation. lt is recommended that the city evaluate the need for state legislation supporting: • Clear Design Review Authority - Michigan courts have accepted the validity of aesthetic regulations under the police power, but in a somewhat more limited way. In Wolverine Sign Works v. Bloomfield hills, 275 Mich 205; 271 NW 823 (1937), the court ruled "aesthetics may be an incident but cannot be a moving factor." Statutory authority under the City-Village Zoning Act does not exist, which requires a developer (as a precondition to site redevelopment activity) to document the need for, or measures to mitigate the impact of, building demolition. • Demolition Assessments - Statutory authority under the City-Village Zoning Act does not exist, which requires a developer (as a precondition to site redevelopment activity) to document the need for, or measures to mitigate the impact of, building demolition. • Impact Fees - Autl1orization to assess charges against newly-developing property that attempts to cover the cost incurred by a local government in providing public facilities required to serve the new development is necessary to help redirect growth to urbanized areas and away from greenfield sites. • Page 165 • Plan Grand Rapids • Implementation - Chapter 12 �• Concurrency - Similar to impact fees, concurrency is a technique, which requires public facilities necessary to serve a development to be in place as a pre-condition to project approval. • TOR Program - In a transfer of development rights program, a community identifies an area within its boundaries that it would like to see protected from development (the sending zone) and another area where the community desires more urban style development (the receiving zone). Landowners in the sending zone are allocated a number of development credits that can be sold to developers, speculators, or the community itself. In return for selling their development credits, the landowner in the sending zone agrees to place a permanent conservation easement on his or her land. Meanwhile, the purchaser of the development credits can apply them to develop at a higher density than otherwise allowed on property within the receiving zone. The city should also consider supporting state legislation that increases the supply of affordable housing in the state. Particularly important is the establishment of increased funding for profit and non-profit organizations to build new affordable housing units. 12.2.9 .. Master Plan Evaluation and Amendment Michigan's Municipal Planning Act was amended in 2002 to require that planning commissions review their master plans at least every five years to determine whether to commence the procedure to amend the plan or adopt a new plan. These regularly scheduled plan reviews will make it necessary to determine how plan effectiveness will be measured. Chapter 12 - Implementation • Plan Grand Rapids • Pagel66 • Measuring Plan Effectiveness The process of preparing a comprehensive master plan requires both effective processes and a practicable set of recommendations. Therefore, plan effectiveness should be judged upon both its planning processes and by its outcomes. • Grading on Process - The way in which land use decisions are made should be measured. The master plan process established a new way in which the community can be involved in determining land use priorities on a citywide scale. An evaluation of how the community is involved in land use discussions, and the influence these discussions have on the decision-making process, post-plan adoption should be reviewed. • Grading by Outcomes - Outcomes can be compared against the intended consequences of the plan; they can also compare the unanticipated consequences of land use decisions. This evaluation should include what has been learned in trying to achieve the objectives of the master plan and what should be changed. Outcome- and process-based evaluations are not mutually exclusive. Each must be used to accurately report on the success of the plan and to determine what adjustments might be appropriate. It is recommended that the City Planning Department prepare an annual report on Master Plan implementation progress and as a means to gauge the level of consistency between plan objectives, city policies and community engagement Below are listed two tools that would be useful in this evaluation. One tool to evaluate the effectiveness of plan outcomes for the Master Plan is the Action Plan -Theme Comparison (Figure 12.b - Action Plan - Theme Comparison - Page 167). Master Plan objectives were orga- �Figure 12.b, Action Plan, Theme Comparison (Master Plan Objective(s) Addressed by Action Item) Action Plan ltems 0 Great Neighborhoods Chapter 3 8. Vital Business Districts C hapter 4 0 A Strong Economy C hapter 5 e, e : 0 Balanced Transportation C hapter 6 A City that Enriches Our Lives C hapter 7 A City in Balance with Nature C hapter 8 Partnerships C hapter 9 Application/ Comments Information and Outreach GNI , GN3 , GN4, GN5, GN6, GN7, GNS, GN9, GN12, GN13, GN14 VBD2, VBD3, VBD4, YBD5 SE4, SE7 , SES, SE9 BT!, BT4 EOL2, EOU, EOL4, EOL6, EOL7 Nl, N3, N4, N5 Pl , P2, P3, P4, PS , P6 Authorized activiry of Planning Commission pursuant to Section 11, State of Michigan PA 285 of 1931, as amended. City Department and Program Action Priorities GN2, GN4, GN5, GN6, GN7, GNS, GN9, GNI0, GNll, GNl2, GN13 , GN14 YBDl, VBD2, VBD3, YBD4, YBOS SE!, SE2 , SE3, SE4, SE6, SE7, SES, SE9 BT! , BT2, BT3, BT4, BT5, BT6 EOLl, EOL2, EOL3, EOL4, EOL5, EOL6, EOL7 NI , N2, N3 , N4, NS Pl, P2, P3, PS Strategic planning advocated as a means to develop sho rtterm actionable steps in support of long-range planning that are assignable and crackable. Review to confirm if supportive of sustainable development - actions that create efficient infrastructure, protect and enhance qualiry of life, and strengthen local economies without injuring future generations. Review of Land Divisio n Act (PA 288 - 1967) for replatting and redevelopment projects and the Condominium Act (PA 59 - 1978) for development standards applicable to detached single-family condominium developments. Zoning Ordinance Text and Map Audit and Update GNl, GN2, GN3, GN4, GN7, GNI0 VBDJ, VBD2, VBD3, VBD4, VBD5 SE!, SE2, SE3, SE4, SES, SE6, SE7 BTl, BT2, BT4, BTS, BT6 EOLl, EOL2, EOL4, EO15, EOL6, EOL7 N3, N4 Pl, P2, P4 Guidelines Workbook GN2, GN3, GN7, GNS, GNJO, GNll, GN12 VBD2, VBD3, VBD4, YBOS SEI, SE3, SE4, SES, SE6 BTl, BT3, BTS, BT6 EOL2 , EOL3 , EOL4, EOL5, EOL6 N3, N4 P2, P4 Gu idelines fill the gap between general plan po licies and more specific of zoning requirements. Neighborhood and AreaSpecific Plans GN2, GN3 , GN4, GNS, GN7 , GNS, GN9, GNJO, GN13 VBDl, VBD2, VBD3 , VBD4, VBDS SEl, SE2, SE4 , SES BT! , BT2, BT3, BT4, BT5, BT6 EOLl, EOL2, EOL3 , EOLS , EOL6 N2 Pl , P2, P3, P4 Neighborhood/ area-specific planning provides a finer grain of analysis than is available via a citywide master plan. Used to increase citizen technical capacity and attract invesonenc. Citywide Studies GNl, GN2, GN13 SE2 BT! , BT3, BT6 EOL2, EOL3, EOL5 N3 , N4 Pl Authorized by Section 3 of State of Michigan PA 285 of 1931. Design Assistance Center GN2, GN3 , GN4, GN7 , GNS, GN10, GN12, GN13 VBDI , VBD2, VBD3, YBD4, YBOS SEI, SE2 , SE3, SE4, SES , SE7 BTI, BT2 , BT3 , BT4, BT5 EOLI , EOL2, EOL3 , EOLS, EOL6, EOL7 P3, P4 A DAC, often an independent organization, provides technical ass istance on design issues and facilitates consensus planning and design solutions with developers, pro perty owners, neighborhood and business o rganizatio ns and the ciry. The DAC co uld play an impo rtant role in the preparation of neighborhood and area-specific plans. Capital Improvements Program Development GN7, GNS, GN9, GNI0, GNll , GN12, GNl3 VBDl, YBD2, VBD3, YBOS SE!, SE2, SE3, SE4, SE6, SE7 BT! , BT2, BT3, BT4, BT5, BT6 EOLl, EOL2, EOL3, EOL4, EOL6, EOL7 N2 Pl, P3 Planning Commission involvement required by Section 9 of PA 285 of 1931 after Master Plan adopted. MMFOA develo pment process recommended , along with departmencal program plans. State Legislation GN2, GNS, GN9 VBD2, VBD3 SE4, SE7 BT3, BTS EOL5 N2 Pl, P2 Seek new or expanded • conservation areas • design review impact fees ~- lay zone, incentive/bo nus zoning, Traditional Neighbo rhood Development (TND) District regulations and rypology coding are recommended approaches. - .. Lctter/ numt!rical 1.::odc references spedfk pb.n nin_g objet:tivc (found in chapters 3-9) addre:.scJ by Actio n Plan item. • Page 167 • New zoning techniques arc recommended that can respond to the major themes offered by the Plan. Floating zone, over- . authority for: • concurrency • rransfer of develo pment rights • demolition approval a:mtinucJ on ne..xt n,ge Plan Grand Rapids • Implementation - Chapter 12 �Figure 12.b , Action Plan , Theme Comparison (Master Plan Objective(s) Addressed by Action Item') Action Plan ltems 0 Great Neighborhoods C hapter 3 e. e 0 A Strong Economy Chapter 5 Vital Business Districts C hapter 4 e 0 Balanced Transportation C hapter 6 A City that Enriches Our Lives C hapter 7 A City in Balance with Nature C hapter 8 ~ Partnerships C hapter 9 Application/ Comments Growth Management Program GNl , GN 4, GN5 VBDI, VB D4 SE4, SES, SE6, SE7 BTl EO LI, EO L2 N l, N3 Pl, P2 GVM C Metropolitan Development Blueprint amended by Blueprint ll including "produce a voluntary regional planning process that functions at local level. " Economic Summit GN I, GN2, GN3, GN4, GN5, GN6, GN8, GN9, GNJ0, GN14 VBD J, VBD2, VBD3, VBD4 SE l, SE2, SE3, SE4, SES, SE6, SE7, SES, SE9 BTI EOLl, EO L2, EOL4 NI , N2 Pl, P2, P3 , P4 Refer to Southern Wayne County Chamber of Commerce Eco nomic Summi t as regional model. Master Plan Evaluation GN 1- GN 14 VBD1-VBD5 SEI-SE9 BTJ-BT6 EO LI - EOL7 N l-N5 Pl-P6 Requirement of Section 8a(2) of State of Michigan PA 285 of 193l(Municipal Planning Act) for Planning Commiss ion to review plan at least every 5 years. * Lcuer/ nu merical coJ I! references S!)<!d fk pla nni ng obJccnvc (fou nd in chapte rs 1-9) ac.hlrcssL"d hy Action Pl an item. nized around seven themes (see Chapter 3 through 9). The matrix reveals how each Action Plan item impacts the objectives developed for each theme. It is recommended that periodic review of approved and denied projects, master plan amendments and zoning ordinance changes placed before the Planning Commission, City Commission and Board of Zoning Appeals include consideration of this matrix to evaluate decision making consistency and plan implementation progress. City planning objectives and policies will likely change in the years ahead in response to unexpected events and in consideration of new information not yet available. It is recommended that new objectives be compared against Action Plan items as they are created to determine if additional implementation measures are warranted. Planning Rating Form - A simple way to quickly review a master plan using a rating form has been suggested by the Michigan Society of Planning as part of their Master Planning Workshop (a sample rating form is presented in Supplement A-6). Participants first reach agreement on the evaluation categories to use, then evaluate whether the plan successfully re- Chapter 12 - Implementation • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 168 • sponded to each category or failed to address a particular need or issue by scoring each category against a numerical scale (100 being a high score and O representing a low score). An "overall" score is also provided to evaluate the adequacy of the existing plan. The need to amend the plan is based upon its municipal score predetermined by the group. Amending the Plan As the Master Plan is evaluated, it may be necessary to amend the Plan. The Planning Commission may amend, extend, or add to the Plan at any time, following the procedures as set forth the Municipal Planning Act. (The procedure is shown in the Municipal Plan Approval diagram in Supplement A-4.) Plan amendments can be initiated in several ways: • a major private sector development proposal is received by the community that was unanticipated; • new information (i.e., U.S. Census data, regional transportation plans, etc.) is received which forces a re-evaluation of plan assumptions and recommendations; �• storm events and similar catastrophes such as fires force property redevelopment decisions; • activities of other governmental agencies or authorities such as major infrastructure projects or development occurring "across the border" force reconsideration of plan recommendations; and/ or • petitions from community-based organizations or boards are presented. Plan amendments can also be made at the discretion of the Planning Commission to reflect an extension, addition, or revision in terms of topical area, geographic coverage or level of detail. The preparation of neighborhood/area-specific plans are an example of this (refer to Chapter 11 - Area-Specific Plans - Page 151). When an amendment is anticipated, it is recommended that the Planning Commission include the plan amendment in an annually adopted project priority list (supported by a resolution of concurrence from the City Commission). This project priority list will serve as the work plan for the next year and should contain only those tasks that can realistically be accomplished based on the availability of time, money, labor, and a thorough review of need. 12.2.10 .,. Guidelines Workbook There is growing acceptance and support for local design guidelines and design review by the development community. Guidelines help fill the gap between the general planning policies of site planning and zoning requirements. Sample design guidelines have been provided as part of the Master Plan (refer to Chapter 10 - Development Character - Page 117) to illustrate their value in guiding and coordinating private investment decisions. The Master Plan recommends that these samples be used as a starting point in preparing a comprehensive design guidelines workbook for addressing neighborhood character types and business areas. This Action Plan item should also determine how such guidelines would be applied in the future. Guidelines may be advisory or mandatory3. They may be used to communicate the community's urban design objectives and/ or they may be incorporated into the zoning code as development regulations. Certainly, design guidelines will have a greater influence on the character of development if they are mandatory and administered as part of a site plan or design review process. Any design review process must be fair and consistent. The following elements are usually incorporated. Traditional Business Area - Project Detail • A "users guide" that answers most of the common questions about content, process and timing. • A "pre-application conference" to review community expectations, proposed concepts and establish a framework for resolving problems. • Opportunities for public comment on the proposed development and its consistency with the guidelines. • Staff analysis to describe how the project does or does not meet the design criteria. A checklist can be useful in this analysis (An example is contained in Supplement A-7). In some cities, staff makes a decision in their capacity as an administrative official; in others, a recommendation is referred to the Planning Commission as part of the site plan review process. • An appeal process that allows an aggrieved applicant, or a citizen opposing a project, to challenge the staff or Planning Commission decision. Specific criteria for gaining a waiver of guidelines should be identified to expedite the review and approval process, and to distinguish unwarranted appeals. • Page 169 • The abili ty fo r local unit1. of government to regulate ae..,tht:rio; ca n he rraced ton U.S. Su preme C'...ourt decis ion (Bem1an v. Parker, 148 U.S. 26 (1954)). L.anguage in rhe l'.:.ISt' suppom:J rhc concept that public welfare is a hro;ll..! ancl ind u~ive term ,tnd that ir i~ with in the power of the legislatu re to Jerenn ine that a commu nity should \,c:: heo uti fu l. Lltcr, the U.S. Supreme C<lUrt (in Penn Central Transportation Co. v. New York C il)•, 4 38 U.S. 104 0 978)) rccoh'l) ized "th:lt stares and cities may enact lanJ ui.c rcgulationit or co nrrol.s to enhance the qu al ity nf li fe h}· preserving the character and the desi rable acHhetic fcaturt•~ of a dry ... " Plan Grand Rapids • Implementation - Chapter 12 �•----------- Criteria for Successful Economic Development* Success can also be predicted based on the following economic development criteria. • Long-term political and community leaders with the patience and perseverance to nurture a plan over time. • A clear sense of the possibilities scaled to the place, and a marked sense of "optimistic realism." These will keep doubters at bay in the critical early stages. • A vision articulated in a way that captures the imagination of the community. • A strategic plan for implementing the vision. It is important to have a tactical game plan as well as a compelling goal - dreams fade when no visible action exists. • A management entity that can "act" and take responsibility for implementing the plan. Most cities have term limits for elected officials, making it imperative to have an organization that will ensure continuity. • Early successes that can enhance the community's ability to maintain a sense of momentum. Realistic first targets and an integrated marketing program help to set a sustainable pace. • Borrowed successe . Link the plan to initiatives already underway (i.e., streetscapes, transport systems or marketing programs) to accelerate the sense of achievement. • Funding through a variety of sources. The dream should be realizable to a certain degree when taken in smaller steps that can be financed quickly. •Roht•rr Gorman :-tnd Nanq• Egun, "RL'Vit.1li:ins: Litd\! R(1Ck.'' Urbnn Ltnc.l, Scptcmbc-r 2001, page I l. Chapter 12 - Implementation • Plan Grand Rapids 12.2.11 .. Growth Management Program 111e success of the City of Grand Rapids' planning program will depend upon its ability to constructively interact with neighboring communities and state and federal agencies. Fostering improved alliances will be critical to advancing the recommendations contained within the Master Plan. Perhaps one of the best ways to respond to issues between units and layers of government is through local and regional cooperation. Grand Rapids is served by three such organizations. They are the Grand Valley Metro Council (GVMC), the West Michigan Regional Planning Commission, and the Urban Redevelopment Council of the Right Place Program. In 1994 the Grand Valley Metro Council released the Metropolitan Development Blueprint report which recommended redirecting growth and development in compact centers of economic activity and livable communities framed by a network of greenways and open lands. Blueprint strategies included: • complete an inventory of natural assets; • design a transit system based on Blueprint concepts; • define current employment centers/locate future centers; • review water/sewer utility services and the way they serve land use patterns; • devise ways to encourage compact/livable communities; • create sub-regional alliances to address issues. Three additional goals have recently been added. Collectively referred to as "Blueprint 11," they are: • produce a voluntary regional planning process that functions at the local level; • Page 170 • • promote Blueprint principles within the local political process; • equip metropolitan communities with effective tools for evaluating regional decision-making. It is recommended that the GVMC in association with the West Michigan Strategic Alliance (WMSA) work in concert to champion regional "Smart Growth" initiatives, which respond to the impacts of sprawl. 4 12.2.12 .. Economic Summit The future success of Grand Rapids is not only tied to regional land use planning issues, but to maintaining regional economic vitality. In 2000, the Michigan Economic Development Corporation released the results of a study prepared by the Anderson Economic Group pertaining to business climate and site selection criteria - tax rates, fees, regulatory burdens, utility costs, wages, business costs and other government burdens. Grand Rapids ranked No. 1 in terms of profitability for manufacturing and service firms. It is recommended that community leaders continue to address these and other criteria by holding an annual Economic Summit to address on-going regional issues affecting private investment divisions. The Right Place Program, the Urban Redevelopment Council and Sustainable Business Forum (along with other interested stakeholders) might champion the event. Its design should incorporate an extensive outreach effort to involve neighborhood organizations and businesses that mirror the process used to create the Master Plan. An example model they should consider is an annual economic forum designed by the Southern Wayne County (Michigan) Chamber of Commerce. 5 llu: WMSA I:,, a v,)lumccr collaborn tivc effort by local gcwt:rnmen~, businesses, insti tu tio n~, :rnd rrivarc citizens, C!itahlished in 1996 an<l created to develop a 25-ycar &tr.iregic vh;ion (or Wc.-;remMichiga n. Th it- proct:SS, called the "C~)mm()n Fra mework" i:i inrenJcd to lay rhe gmun<lw(,rk for th¢ ,ercater G rand Rapids, Muskegon, G r~nd Haven and I lo llanJ area to plan as a regio n . ~ The &>urhern Wayne County economic fon;m called the Dow 1lriverSummit. i!> a i.rrnt~ k plann ing process involving the public anJ pri\>atc secron; directed toward iJ entifying crirical comm unity net.-xlt) and finding the resources ncce86:uy co achieve them. Four working committees have been formed to focus t)n Quality of Life, Wo rkforce Developmcnr, Eco nomic Dcvd opmenr, and lnfrastructure i..ssu('.:j;. -1 �12~3 - Overcoming Barriers to Implementation Institutional barriers may limit the effectiveness of plan implementation. The Grand Rapids community is well positioned to meet these challenges in the years ahead, provided it commits itself to the recommendations of the Master Plan. Building Government Trust The Master Plan has been drafted based upon a model of public collaboration. Additional information and outreach efforts are planned as an Action Plan implementation strategy to build public trust and a commitment to meet planning objectives. Complexity of Interests A robust community such as Grand Rapids has many public agencies and private organizations with competing priorities, responsibilities and viewpoints. Advocates also bring diverse viewpoints to important community decisions. Grand Rapids has an established infrastructure of neighborhood and business organizations, regional councils and a history of joint decision-making that has recently produced dramatic results. These include, for example: • collaboration between the City, Grand Rapids Township and Plainfield Township in planning for the future of the East Beltline corridor; • regular participation of neighborhood and civic organizations and regional agencies in important land use decisions; • collaboration between the cities of Grand Rapids and Walker in exploring the potential for a sustainable business park in the industrial area located west of US-131 and south of 1-96; • participation in regional transit planning and operations through the Interurban Transit Partnership (ITP); • participation in the GVMC's Urban Metro Committee to develop a subregional plan; and • participation in GVMC's Metropolitan Transportation Planning Committee's activities as the designated Metropolitan Planning Organization. Building upon these achievements by initiating a Regional Growth Management Program and Economic Summit will be critical to the Plan's success. Communities Must do More with Less This former railroad bridge was converted for pedestriart use ove,· the Grand Ri<ier in Downtown Grand Rapids. Communities can no longer rely on state and federal governments as major funding sources. Faced with unfunded mandates and a shrinking labor force, local governments find they must compete with more attractive private sector positions in finding and retaining qualified personnel. Thus, less money and fewer people are available to carry through on plan implementation activities. In response, regional funding options and publicprivate partnerships are being pursued with increased vigor to carry out planning objectives. Continued conversation in this regard through a forum of an annual Economic Summit will help to focus dollars where they are most needed. • Page 171 • Plan Grand Rapids • Implementation - Chapter 12 �Tyranny of Urgency The accelerated pace of society and the growing diverse demands of constituency groups often traps local officials into spending their time solely "putting out fires," not on long-range planning needs. This can lead to a feeling of frustration over not being able to meet long-term goals and gain a sense of accomplishment. The City Department and Program Action Priorities implementation strategy addresses this predicament directly by linking the city's 3-Year Strategic Plan with master planning efforts. Lack of Technical Capacity While traditional households with school age children no longer comprise the majority of the households in the City of Grand Rapids, the goals of the Master Plan cannot be fully realized unless parents with school age children perceive viable education options in the city. The Master Plan has emphasized the importance of urban design as a critical factor in the development of Grand Rapids. The Action Plan recommends that GVMC explore the potential of establishing a Design Assistance Center and Design Guidelines Workbook to increase the technical capacity of the metropolitan region to respond to future design issues facing the community. Leveling the Playing Field Often, governmental policies do not support the efforts of local communities to remain competitive or to enact local regulations designed to preserve local community values. Research shows that many polocies adopted since World War II at the federal, state, and county level have created a system of overt and hidden subsidies whereby urban communities subsidize suburban communities. The Action Plan recommends new state legislation be enacted that contributes to growth management and affordable housing supply efforts. Chapter 12 - Implementation • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 172 • Balancing Individual Property Rights with Community Interests and Goals The essence of community, especially urban community, is that the best life for all is achieved when individual rights are balanced with the interests of the community. Aristotle taught that the individual could not reach his or her highest development outside a relationship to the city. Rigid ideological commitments to individual rights at the expense of the community, or the other way around, will impede the implementation of the plan. A balance must be sought. "... we must turn to the first question of political philosophy: ls it the role of government to promote individual rights while defending the common good, or to promote the common good while defending individual rights?" From Suburban Nation: The Rise and the Decline of the American Dream Schools While traditional households with school age children no longer comprise the majority of the households in the City of Grand Rapids, the goals of the Master Plan cannot be fully realized unless parents with school age children perceive viable education options in the city. Charter schools and parochial schools can supply this need to a point, but a thriving public school system is an essential criterion for full implementation of the Plan. The crisis of the urban public school is not unique to Grand Rapids. The city must be accountable to working in concert with the public schools to realize the goals of the Plan. At the same time, the city and its citizens must demand accountability from the school administration, unions, parents and students. The Action Plan recognizes the importance of monitoring the consequences (anticipated or unintended) of interrelated actions by prescribing that a formal Master Plan evaluation process be adopted as an on-going practice of the city. �City Staff Coordination It is essential to involve city staff at all levels to understand and implement the Master Plan. Day-today cooperation among city officials is essential to its success. The Action Plan advocates that formal coordinated points of information exchange continue through the CIP process, the strategic planning process, and the on-going review of city policies that support the Master Plan. Misperceptions and Prejudice Race and socioeconomic status continue to influence personal property investment decisions and affect locational choices for industry and home ownership. A critical Action Plan activity is information and outreach. This on-going activity of Master Plan education can help to reinvigorate a decision-making process based on shared interests and common issues of concern. Auto State Some of the recommendations of the Plan, such as viable transportation choices and traffic calming could be perceived as a challenge to the automobile. This perception is not necessarily reality. There is a growing recognition that sole reliance on the automobile as a transportation option is not a sustainable strategy for the future of a city like Grand Rapids The Action Plan recommends that we make the case that viable transportation options are a contribution to the long term economic viability of the region through fixed-route transit planning. • Page 173 • Plan Grand Rapids • Implementation - Chapter 12 �", -,. ~ . ,, , ~ , ~ ,,. ~ • ~ ~ ~ ~ • Glossary ~ •' t t • t t, ~ J l ~ ~ ~ , ~ ► • Page 175 • Plan Grand Rapids • Glossary �,, ,, , ,, ,, , f: , ~ '' ' ' •' ' '• t •' ' • ►1 • • • • Glossary of Planning • Board of Zoning Appeals: (Zoning Appeals Board) • lems in addition to the symptoms, resulting in a more An official board whose principle duties are to hear efficient use of resources. appeals and, where appropriate, grant variances from Community Resource Team (CRT): TI1ere are three the strict application of the zoning ordinance. Area-Specific Plan: These plans provide a finer grain Community Resource Teams for the city these are: of analysis than a citywide Master Plan and may be Brownfield: Brownfields are abandoned, idled or North/West; Central; and South. These interdepartprepared for a block, a neighborhood, a business underused industrial and commercial facilities where mental teams are charged with the responsibility of district or a larger area. They may be undertaken in expansion or redevelopment is complicated by real implementing community-oriented government in response to a development proposal or as a proacor perceived environmental contamination. The Grand Rapids. tive planning study. Area-specific plans establish a definition is broad and can cover an entire indusConnectivity: The way in which individual developspecific mix of uses and building types, roadway aligntrial zone or a single abandoned building, a massive ments and uses are physically linked together within ments, design treatments and necessary public fahazardous waste dump or spillage from a corner dry the larger fabric of a city. Most often refers to the cilities and amenities needed to make a cleaning shop. network of streets and blocks and the way in which neighborhood a success. Standards and guidelines Business Improvement District (BID): A special disthey encourage or discourage walkability and conthat ensure continuity with the valued characteristrict established to provide services to a business discentrate or distribute traffic. Other examples of contics of existing development to be retailed are also trict that go beyond the level of services provided by nectivity include: the availability and location of provided. the local government. These services often include transit routes and stops, bike routes, and other offAuto-Oriented: Commercial development along maextra maintenance, improved street lighting or beaustreet pathway. jor arterial(s) and in other suburban style shopping tification, promotional activities and special events. Core (of a Mixed-Use Center): A mixed-use area that centers that gives little recognition to the needs of About 1,200 BIDs have been established in cities includes: shops, services, offices, restaurants, enterthe pedestrian, cyclist and transit users. Some other throughout North America. At least a part of the tainment, civic and residential uses in buildings that characteristics of auto-oriented development include funding for a BID is usually raised through special are oriented to the street. Mixed-use cores also inlarge parking lots located between commercial buildassessments, a fee paid in addition to the property clude transit stops, public spaces for shared activiings and the street, signs scaled to catch motorist taxes paid to support regular city services. ties, a connected street system that defines small attention and multiple driveway curb cuts that can Commercial Land Use: Activity involving the sale blocks designed for walkability, with linkages to surcreate safety conflicts. of oaoods and services carried out for profit. Comrounding neighborhoods. A range of housing types Best Management Practices (BMP): With respect mercial uses may be small in scale, such as a corner for people of different incomes is encouraged. to stormwater management, BMP are methods to store, or may be as large as a regional shopping mall Cores and Connectors: A strategy for strengthening control and minimize the adverse impacts of develand vary in intensity. Other uses typically considTraditional Business Areas by concentrating retail opment and redevelopment through the application ered as commercial include: retail shops, restaurants, uses in mixed-use cores to create shopping destina(or prohibition) of construction, maintenance or hotels, entertainment, offices and a range of personal tions linked by connectors of higher density housmanagerial practices to prevent or reduce the release and professional services. ing and residentially scaled office (with possible first of pollutants into streams, creeks and watersheds. Community Oriented Government (COG): COG floor retail) that increase the population density Block Face: The abutting properties on one side of strives to form partnerships that are developed in within walking distance of the core(s). a street between the two nearest intersecting or inthe community to provide a mechanism for proacDay-Lighting: The opening of creeks, rivers and tercepting streets, or nearest intersecting or intercepttive identification of issues and the dedication of other water courses that may be covered, or subing street and railroad right-of-way, unsubdivided resources to address problems. The focusing of enmerged underground. land, watercourse or city boundary. ergy and resources to address root causes of prob- and Land Use Terms ~ ~ ►- • Page 177 • Plan Grand Rapids • Glossary �Development Center: City consolidated service center which brings together staff from Building Inspection, Engineering, Planning, and Zoning to more efficiently and effectively meet the needs of developers, builders and trades people. Downtown: The largest, most intensively developed, mixed-use center witl1in the Grand Rapids region, containing government offices, service uses, professional, cultural, recreational, entertainment, residential, hotel and retail uses. Downtown Development Authority (DDA): A public authority established in 1979 to promote development and fund improvements in Downtown Grand Rapids. Most funds come to the ODA through tax increment financing. Many of the significant improvements completed in Downtown over the past 20 years have been completed with the support of the ODA, including Plaza Towers, Grand River Walkways, Monroe Center Improvements and the VanAndel Arena. Downtown Improvement District (DID): A Business Improvement District established for Downtown Grand Rapids in October 2000 and initiating activities in spring 2001. The DID provides maintenance and beautification, promotions and communications, special events and neighborhood development services. Economic Development Team: Members of the City of Grand Rapids staff that deal with economic promotion, job creation and business retention in the city as well as the management and disposition of city-owned property. Edge (of a Mixed-Use Center): The portion of a mixed-use area located adjacent to an existing single family neighborhood that creates a transition in residential densities and building scale. Glossary • Plan Grand Rapids Fixed Guideway Investment: An investment in a mass transit facility which utilizes and occupies a separate right-of-way for the exclusive use of mass transit and other high occupancy vehicles. Future Land Use Classifications (as used in the Master Plan): • Low-Density Residential - An area designated for housing developed at a density of 1 to 4.9 dwelling units per gross acre. • Medium-Low-Density Residential - An area designated for housing developed at a density of 5 to 9.9 dwelling units pre gross acre. • Medium-Density Residential - An area designated for housing developed at a density of 10 to 14.9 dwelling units per gross acre. • High-Density Residential - An area designated for housing developed at a density of 15 and more dwelling units per gross acre (14 to 20 units per gross acre desired witl1 40 units per gross acre the absolute maximum). • Commercial - An area designated for retail business or service establishments that supply commodities or perform services. Any activity involving the sale of goods or services carried out for profit, including for example, retail shops, restaurants, hotels, entertainment, offices and a range of personal and professional services. • Downtown - The regional mixed-use center of the Grand Rapids metropolitan area; containing government offices, service uses, professional, cultural, recreational, entertainment, residential, hotel and retail uses. • Office - A sub-category of commercial land use, designated for the conduct of the affairs of a business, profession, service, industry, or • Page 178 • government in buildings generally furnished with desk, tables, files and communication equipment. • Industrial - An area designated for tl1e manufacturing, compounding, assemblage or treatment of articles or materials. • Institutional - An area designated for for-profit and nonprofit, religious or public use, such as a church, library, public or private school or college, hospital; or a government owned or operated building, structure, or land used for public purpose. • Mixed-Use - An area designated for the development of a combination of complementary and integrated uses; such as, but not limited to, residential, office, manufacturing, retail, public or entertainment, in a compact urban form. • Traditional Business Area - Typically located along transit routes, TBA areas are designated for a mix of civic and retail uses at street level, with apartments and/or offices on the upper floors of multi-story buildings. A TBA generally has structures that are built on tl1e front property line and have shared side walls (or are built with minimal side yard setbacks). The buildings are typically 2 -3 stori.es in height and sit on relatively narrow lots. Off-street parking is limited or located to the rear of the building. As a result, TBAs create a human-scale and pedestrian-friendly environment where retail, jobs and services are available within easy walking distance from many homes. • Parks/Green Space - A tract of land, designed and used by the public for active and passive recreation. �Future Land Use Descriptions: The portion of the Master Plan that describes planned land uses and areas for change. The descriptions illustrate what types of land uses are appropriate within a given geographic area, points for consideration, and desired outcomes for the future. The text describes the Future Land Use Map, and supersedes the map in instances where clarification or interpretation is required. Grand Valley Metro Council (GVMC): The Grand Valley Metropolitan Council (GVMC) is an alliance of governmental units in the Grand Rapids, Michigan metropolitan area that plans for growth and development to improve the quality of life and coordinate governmental services. The GVMC is also the designated Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) for transportation programs in the Grand Rapids area. Grandfathered: A use, building or structure which does not conform to the use and/ or dimensional standards of the zoning ordinance but which existed prior to the effective date of the ordinance, or amendment thereto. Such use shall be considered a nonconforming use or structure for purposes of the ordinance. Greenfield: Greenfields are undeveloped properties where new development is proposed or occurring. Typically, greenfield sites are active or idle farmland with limited development restrictions or site constraints that allow for cheaper, quicker development than in a previously developed location. Heavy Industrial: Business activities that tend to generate more noise, dust, odors, and/ or glare than a general commercial or light industrial use. Examples include: concrete manufacture, asphalt manufacture, chemical manufacture, plastics manufacture, soap manufacture, heavy construction contractors and equipment and materials storage, processing of junk; i.e. salvage yard, foundry and metal process and stamping fabrication. Historic District: An area or group of areas not necessarily having continuous boundaries, that contains one significant historic resource or a group of resources that are related by history, architecture, archaeology, engineering, or culture. Historic Preservation: The identification, evaluation, establishment, and protection of resources significant in history, architecture, archaeology, engineering or culture. Historic Resource: A publicly or privately owned building, structure, site, object, feature or open space that is significant in the history, architecture, archaeology, engineering or culture of the State, a community or the United States. Impervious Surface: Any material that prevents absorption of stormwater into the ground. Infill Development: The development of new housing or other buildings/uses on scattered vacant sites in a built-up area. Inner Ring (of a Mixed-Use Centerh The portion of a village or sub-regional mixed-use area located between the "core" and "edge" zones. Uses within this inner ring may include medium and high-density residential developments, larger footprint retail uses (i.e. a grocery store or cinema), larger freestanding office buildings, other work places with a high employee to floor ratio (including technology and certain light industrial uses), medical clinics, schools and churches. Institutional Land Use: A nonprofit, religious, or public use, such as a church, library, public or private school, hospital, or government owned or operated building, structure or land used for public purpose. • Page 179 • Interurban Transit Partnership (ITP): Formerly the Grand Rapids Area Transit Authority (GRATA), formed in January 2000 by the cities of Grand Rapids, East Grand Rapids, Grandville, Kentwood, Walker and Wyoming under the Act 196 of the Public Acts of the State of Michigan. Commonly known as "The Rapid." The lTP was formed to allow for the expansion of public transit in the Greater Grand Rapids area. Land Uses: The purpose to which a parcel of land is being put. Examples of uses include: residential, commercial, industrial and recreational. Light Industrial Land Use: Industrial uses that meet the performance standards, bulk controls and other requirements established in an ordinance. These uses are generally defined in terms of intensity and impact, with light industrial uses being more intensive than most commercial uses, but less intensive than heavy industrial. Master Plan: A comprehensive, long-range guide for the future growth and physical development of a community. State enabling act requires a valid zoning ordinance to be based on an adopted master plan. The purpose of the plan is to promote public health, safety and general welfare, as well as quality of life. Master Plan Committee: Citizen committee of 31 individuals appointed by the Mayor representing diverse interests to oversee the Master Plan process. The Committee will report its recommendations for the Master Plan to the City of Grand Rapids Planning Commission. Mixed-Use: The combination of different types of land uses such as residential, commercial, office, industrial and/ or institutional into one building, area or project. Mixed-use redevelopment promotes comprehensive revitalization through retention or addition of housing, services and jobs. Plan Grand Rapids • Glossary �Mixed-Use Centers (see earlier definition(s) - A mixed-use area that includes: shops, services, offices, restaurants, entertainment, civic and residential uses in buildings that are oriented to the street. Mixeduse cores also include transit stops, public spaces for shared activities, a connected street system that defines small blocks designed for walkability, with linkages to surrounding neighborhoods. A range of housing types for people of different incomes is encouraged. Nonconforming Use: A structure or use that is not permitted in the zoning district in which it is located, but which is permitted to continue with restrictions because the structure or use predates the designation of the zone. Natural Features (Systems): Land forms (hilltop, slope, valley); rivers, creeks, wetlands and natural vegetation are examples of natural systems that can be incorporated in - rather than erased by - development to preserve what is unique about an area and to maintain a visible connection to the natural environment. Regional Mixed-Use Center: See Downtown Natural Infiltration: The absorption of stormwater runoff into the ground. Neighborhood Business District: A business district that provides goods and services to meet the daily needs of the immediate neighborhood. Neighborhood Business Specialists Program (NBSP): City program that has assigned specialists specifically to service the needs of the city's neighborhood business areas and associations. Neighborhood Mixed-Use Center: A pedestrian.oriented, mixed-use development, located on a transit line, that serves as the focus of a single neighborhood or several neighborhoods. Neighborhood Plan: (see Area-Specific Plan) New Urbanism: A movement to build and rebuild communities on a human scale - with interconnected streets, homes with porches, pedestrian friendly traffic patterns, shared open spaces and green ways, local retail businesses that are near hous- Glossary • Plan Grand Rapids ing and services and construction practices that are environmentally sensitive. Planning Commission: Body of 9 members appointed by the Mayor. The Planning Commission is responsible for overseeing the physical development of the community and formal adoption of the Master Plan. Renaissance Zone: The Michigan Renaissance Zone Act was created by the State of Michigan in order to foster economic opportunities; facilitate economic development; stimulate industrial, commercial and residential improvements; and prevent physical and infrastructure deterioration of certain geographical areas in Michigan. In Grand Rapids the Renaissance Zone is composed of several distressed and blighted industrial and commercial areas within the core city. There are few residences within the Grand Rapids Renaissance Zone. Qualified businesses or residents in the Renaissance Zone are relieved from payment of state and city income taxes as well payment of most property taxes. Residential Land Use: A building or parcel of land used for housing. This can include detached onefamily housing units, or multifamily arrangements including two units; three or more units; apartments, condos, etc. Right-of-Way: Most commonly the dedication ofland on which a road or railroad is located and on which passage is permitted. • Page 180 • River Edges Plan: Adopted in 1981 by the Planning Commission. The Grand River Edges Plan helped to raise public awareness and support for increasing and improving public access to, and improvement of, Grand Rapids riverfront areas. Scale: Refers to bow the dimensions of a structure relate to the dimensions of any adjacent structures. Building proportions (length to width to height) should be compatible with surrounding buildings. Building height should be compatible with adjacent structures, especially on the street frontage and at neighborhood edges. The overall form of a building is also important in evaluating the compatibility of new structures. Site Details: Refers to any enhancement, or special features to a site that increases lighting, visibility, aesthetics, or security. Site details may include lighting, signs, fencing, screening walls, special paving, or awning can help to create a clear identity, visual interest and a sense of human scale. To be effective in promoting compatibility, the choice of site detail elements and the way in which they are used should be coordinated. Smart Zone: A zone intended to stimulate the growth of technology-based businesses and jobs by aiding in the creation of recognized clusters of new and emerging businesses, those primarily focused on commercializing ideas, patents, and other opportunities surrounding university or private research institute R&D efforts. SmartZones are allowed to capture the growth in property taxes within the boundaries of the zone for use within the zone. All the local property taxes may be captured, and up to 50 percent of school operating taxes may be captured for up to 15 years. �Streetscape: The distinguishing character of a particular street, within the public right-of-way and the adjacent public space extending along both sides of a street, including paving materials, landscaping, sidewalks, parkways, lighting, street furniture and signage. Street Classification Policy - 1996: A report providing standards and guidelines for how city streets should be used, designed and improved to balance the needs of meeting vehicular travel demand and providing a quality neighborhood environment. Sub-Regional Mixed-Use Center: A pedestrian-oriented, mixed-use development, located on a high frequency service or express transit route, that serves a sub-area of the city (several "villages") and may also serve areas outside the city. Tax Increment Financing (TIF): A financing plan to support development of underutilized private properties by capturing a portion of the property tax within a district to fund improvements in the district. When a TIP is established, an existing property tax base is established and all base taxes continue to be collected and transmitted to various government units. As the district develops, the property taxes collected on the increase in tax value for the district (the "tax increment") is transmitted to the authority and used to pay for specific improvements in the area. The Right Place Program: The Right Place Program works with area business and community leaders to ensure the economic prosperity of greater Grand Rapids. Services are aimed at retaining and expanding local businesses, as well as attracting new businesses to our community. The Right Place Program works with affiliate service, educational and economic development organizations to serve manufacturers throughout West Michigan and serves as staff to the Urban Redevelopment Council. Traditional Business Area (TBA): Typically located along transit routes, TBAs included a mix of civic and retail uses at street level, with apartments and/ or offices on the upper floors of multi-story buildings. TBAs have structures that are built on the front property line with shared sidewalls (or minimal side yard setbacks). The buildings are typically 2-3 stories in height and sit on relatively narrow lots. Off street parking is limited or located to the rear of the building. As a result, TBAs create a human-scale and pedestrian-friendly environment where retail, jobs and services are available within easy walking distance from many homes. Traditional Business District: A zoning classification for business districts offering goods and services that meet the daily needs of the neighborhood and other uses that are compatible with adjoining uses. The district's intent is to protect the traditional character of the business area (i.e. existing commercial structures and lots, including its residential components) and to encourage pedestrian access to and within the business area. Traffic Calming: Techniques that slow traffic speed to improve the quality of life in neighborhoods and business districts. Examples include: narrower roadways, on-street parking buffers, green barriers, broader crosswalks, roundabouts and speed bumps. Transit: The movement of people by public conveyance in a high occupancy vehicle, including busses, carpool or vanpools, light rail, streetcars and trains. Transit Oriented Development (TOD): Mixed-use, higher density development centered on existing or new transit lines that are also designed to create an environment that encourages walking and cycling. Transit-oriented development locates people near transit shopping and services to decrease dependence on driving. The purposes of TOD are to reduce the use of single-occupant vehicles by increasing the • Page 181 • number of times people walk, bicycle, carpool, vanpool, or take transit. Transitions and Edges: The way different kinds of land uses and development densities relate to one another. In general, gradual transitions in intensity and scale are more compatible than abrupt changes. Incremental changes in density and building scale (height and mass) soften changes in land use and create a more harmonious blend. In some instances, open spaces and landscaping can establish acceptable buffers between developments that are dissimilar in intensity and function. Typologies: The study, or systematic classification of buildings or neighborhoods by type, age or style. Urban Business District: A zoning classification for a general commercial district that contains uses, which include the sale of commodities or performance of service for several neighborhoods. The district may also allow certain other uses that are appropriate to the physical design of the existing buildings and are compatible with adjoining uses. The district's intent is to protect the traditional character of the business area and to encourage pedestrian access to and within the business area. Urban Redevelopment Council: A council whose vision is to make the City of Grand Rapids the strong "heart" of a strong West Michigan region. The Council advises the city and the Right Place program on strategies to promote business retention, expansion and attraction activities in the city through the productive reuse of land and buildings, while strengthening the collaboration between the city and other units of government in the region. Plan Grand Rapids • Glossary �Variance: A departure from the provisions of a zoning ordinance relating to setbacks, side yards, frontage requirements and lot size that, if applied to a specific lot, would significantly interfere with the use of the property and cause hardship. Village Mixed-Use Center: A pedestrian-oriented, mixed-use development, located on a high frequency service transit route, that serves several neighborhoods. Voices & Visions: Adopted by the Planning Commission as the Master Plan for Downtown in 1993, this document is a summary report to the community from Voices & Visions: Community Planning for Downtown. Walkable: A combination of land use planning and urban design characteristics that exist or are created in an area that allow and encourage walking as an alternative to driving. Zoning: An important tool used in shaping and forming community growth and redevelopment in a manner consistent with the master plan. It regulates various aspects of how land may be used. Zoning Classification: The name given to types of zones such as single family residential, rural residential, agricultural, regional shopping, neighborhood shopping, office, industrial, etc. Zoning Ordinance: A zoning ordinance consists of two parts - the district map and the written text. The text sets out the purpose, use and district regulations for each district, the standards for special land uses and for general administration. The zoning map graphically illustrates the zones or districts into which all of the land within the community is classified. Glossary • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 182 • �t ' t t t t t t t t t t t •t t t t Index t t - ---- - - - - ------- • Page 183 • Plan Grand Rapids • Index �Index Brownfields ....................................... 64, 66, 67, 108, 177 Business See also: Traditional Business Areas, Vital Busine,;s Districts, A Commercial A City in Balance with Nature .. .................. 24, 103-108 Objectives and Policies ........................................... 108 A City that Enriches Our Lives .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . 24, 89-102 Objectives and Policies ..................................... 100-102 A Strong Economy ............................................ 24, 63-74 Objectives and Policies ......................................... 72-74 Accessory Apartments .................................... 35, 43, 140 Action Plan ........................................................... 158-170 Action Plan Theme Comparison .................... 167, 168 Short-Term Implementation Action Plan ....... 160, 161 Alleys See also: Ba/,,nced Transportation. Streets Associations .................................. 10, 44, 45, 112, 116 Importance ................................................... 64, 66, 67 Improvement District .............................................. 177 Retention ............................................................. 31, 60 Scale .................................................................... 39, 50 Vitality ...................................................................... 49 Butterworth Landfill ....... ,........................ 69, 72, 98, 100 C Capital Improvements Program .................. 159, 161, 165 Character See Devewpment Character, Neighborhood Types Use ......... .................................... 34, 35, 37, 43, 45, 87 Improvement of ............................................ 30, 45, 86 Area-Specific Plans .. .. .. .. ........... .... .. .. ......... ......... 151-156 Action Plan ............. ,.............. ,.............. ,.......... 161, 164 Adoption ................................................................. 155 Coordination ................................ 44, 61, 94, 114, 152 Elements ................................ ,................................ 154 Purpose ..................................................... 25, 152, 177 Use of... .......................................... 40, 43, 72, 96, 152 Architecture ............................................... 37, 51, 60, 101 Articulation ................................ 125, 129, 133, 134, 143 Associations See Business. Neighborhood Automobile Access ................................................ 51, 119 See also: Aut<>-Oriented Commercial Auto-Oriented Commercial ........................ 18, 37-39, 51, 59-61, 135, 136, 177 B Charrette Process ....................................................... 153 Churches See also: Pedestrian, Walkabilir:y, Transportation Demand Management Connections ........................... 54, 87, 95, 96, 100, Design for ................ 37, 42, 45, 61, 71, 78, 80-87, Plans ........................................................ 115, 160, Routes ................................ 78, 84, 85, 87, 92, 95, 127 127 163 100 Design Assistance Center ........................... 158, 161, 164 Development Character ............... 3, 18, 25, 37, 117-150 Density ......................................................... 32-40, 43, 44 See also: Residential Density Development Guidelines See Development Character Development Objectives for All Mixed-Use Areas ....... 37 Diversity .................................................... 29, 44, 98, ll6 Downtown See also: Mixed.Use Areas, Voices & Visions, Downtown and Near Downtown ln.stitutional Mixed.Use Areas Definition ............................................................... 178 Mixed Use Area ...... .......................... 36, 38, 50-53, 56, 60, 69-73, 126, 137 Vision ............................... ................................... 48, 52 Downtown and Near Downtown Institutional Mixed-Use Areas ................... 38, 50, 69, 73 See Institutions E Collaboration See Partnerships Commercial See also: Land Use, Retail, Office, Aiit<>-Oriented Commercial, Traditional Business Areas Development .................................... 51, 53, 61, 73, 86 Mixed-Use Areas ................................ .... . 36, 38, 51, 61 Retail Management .................................................. 55 Retail Market Demand ............................................. 55 Types and Scale .................................................. 39, 50 Community Font ms .................................................................... 8, 9 Gardens ................................................ 96, 98, 99, 101 Oriented Government .................................... 152, 177 Participation ...................................... v-xii, 7-10, 20, 22 See also: Visions Balanced Transportation ............... 15, 17, 24, 37, 75-88 Objectives and Policies ........................................ 86-88 Barriers to Implementation ................................. 171-17 3 Best Management Practices ................................. 108, 177 Bicycle(s) D Policing ............................................................... 40, 41 Profile ................................................. ............. ... ...... 12 Concept Plan ............................................................ 14-17 Connectivity ...................................... 123, 127, 130, 132, 135, 137, 146, 177 Context and Compatibility .......................... 36, 119, 120 Core (of a Mixed-Use Center) ....... 37-39, 55-58, 60, 177 Corridor Residential and Traditional Business Area Connectors (of a Mixed-Use Area) .................. 38, 55, 60 • Page 185 • East Beltline ..................... 61, 82, 86, 113, 152, 155, 171 Economic Development ............................... 3, 5, 64, 68, 72, 73, 80, 161, 170 See also: P1<blic lm>estment, Incentives Economic Summit ...................................... 159, 161, 170 Economy See A Strong Economy Edge (of a Mixed-Use Center) ........................ 39, 58, 178 Education See Schools Environmentally Sensitive Lands ....................... 106-108, 115, 160, 163 Emergency Vehicles ................................................ 80, 87 F Figures ............................. ................................... ,........... ix Future Land Use Classifications ..................................... 22, 23, 178, 179 Descriptive Recommendations See also: Objecti••es and Policies Commercial, Industrial and Institutional Uses .............. 53, 55, 67-71, 79, 92, 93 Mixed-Use Neighborhood, Village and Sub-Regional Centers ................. 56-59, 79, 137 Plan Grand Rapids • Index �Future Land Use (continued) Descriptive Recommendations Residential ........................................... 32-39, 61, 79 Riverfront ................... ...................................... 92-95 Future Land Use Map ............................................... 21 Regional ................................................................... 114 G Gateways ................................................... 68, 82, 87, 101 Glossary ................................................................ 175-182 Grand Rapids, City of City Commission ........ .......................... iii, 2, 155, 159 City Departments (Action Plan) .... 158, 160, 162, 163 City Planning Commission ..................... iii, 2, 20, 180 Grand River ................ 16, 17, 65, 68, 72, 90, 92-98, 100 Grand River Edges Plan ................................. 92, 94, 180 Grand Valley Metropolitan Council ...... 12, 78, 84, 106, 113, 161, 162, 170, 171, 179 Great Neighborhoods ........................... 15, 17, 24, 27-46 Objectives and Policies ........................................ 43-46 Green Space .............................. 90, 96, 98, 145-150, 178 See also: Open Space, Open Space Framework, Greenways, Parks and Recreation, Trail System Greenway (s) ............................................ 94-97, 107, 108 Growth Management Program ................... 159, 161, 170 Guiding Principles ..................................................... 4, 5 Guidelines Workbook ................................. 159, 161, 169 H Hannover Principles .............................................. 5, 105 Highways .................................................... 67, 82, 83, 87 Historic Preservation ....... 37, 40, 43, 101, 160, 163, 179 Home Ownership ...................................... 29, 40, 41, 44 Housing See also: Density, Neighborhood Types. Residential Density Affordable ............................... 29, 32, 36, 44, 113, 115 Choice ............................... 5, 11, 28, 29, 31, 32, 43, 44 Quality .............................................. 29, 40, 41, 43, 44 I lmplementation ......................................... 3, 25, 157-174 Incentives .......................................................... 61, 66, 73 See also: Public Investment Index • Plan Grand Rapids Industrial .............................................. 36-38, 53, 66-73, 86, 93, 113, 132, 133, 178, 179 Information and Outreach ................. .. .............. 158-160 Infrastructure ........................... 2, 24, 40, 41, 45, 73, 115 Inner Ring (of a Mixed-Use Center) ......... 39, 57-59, 179 Introduction ............................................................. 1-20 Institutions (al) See also: Downtown and Near Downtown lnstitt<lional Mixed.Use Areas Cooperation ..................................... 4, 24, 44, 70, 116 Definition ........................................................ 178, 179 Expansion ............................................... 36, 44, 70, 71 Future Land Use ............................. 23, 38, 53, 70, 71, 73, 99, 130, 131 Interurban Transit Partnership(lTP) ............. 61, 78, 113, 160, 171, 179 J Jobs ................................................................ 5, 64-71, 73 Action Plan Theme Comparison .................... 167, 168 Adoption of ......................................... ,............... iii, 20 Amendment of ................................................ 155, 168 Committee ..................................................... 4, 20, 179 Contents .................................................... ................ 22 Definition and Purpose ..................... 1, 2, 21, 162, 179 Evaluation of .......................................... 159, 161, 166 Past Plans ........................................................ 4, 30, 92 Process .............................................................. 6-20, 22 Short-Term Implementation Action Plan ....... 160, 161 111emes ......................................... ............................. 24 Materials .................................................... 125, 129, 142 Michigan Street .................................... 17, 40, 44, 82, 87 Millennium Park ............................................ , ............ 100 Mixed-Use ............................................... 15, 17, 178, 179 See also: Mixed.Use Areas. Mixed.Use Centers. Core. Mixed-Use Neighborhoods Mixed-Use Areas Definition ........................................................... 22, 23 See also: Economic Development K L Land Use (Existing) ............................................... 12, 179 See also: Future Land Use Classifications. Office, Commercial, industrial and Institutions, Mixed Use, Parks and Recreation Commercial ....................................................... 53, 177 Industrial ........................................................... 67, 179 Institutional ............... ., ..................................... 70, 179 Residential ........................................................ 32, 180 Landscaping ..................................................... 84, 87, 99, 125, 129, 134, 136, 143, 150 Legacy Trail ........................................................... 95, 100 Legislation .......................... 155, 159, 161, 162, 165, 166 Leonard Street ............................... 17-19, 82, 86, 94, 122 Lifecycle Stages ........................................... 11, 28, 34, 43 M Maps ......................................................... x, 1, 13, 1.6, 21, 33, 79, 80, 85, 94, 95, 97, 106, 111, 112, 114, 120, 152 Master Plan See also: Implementation Action Plan ....................................................... 158-170 • Page 186 • Commercial .................. ................................ 38, 44, 61 Corridor Residential and Traditional Business Area Connectors .............. 38, 44 Downtown and Near Downtown Institutions .................. 38, 50, 69-73 Near Downtown ......................... 38, 50, 53, 60, 69-72 Riverfront ............... 38, 50, 53, 60, 68-72, 92, 93, 100 Development Objectives for All Mixed-Use Areas ..................................... 37, 43, 44 Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special Considerations for Mixed-Use Areas ................. 38, 39 Mixed-Use Centers Definition ............................................. 23, 56- 58, 180 Core ................................................ 39, 56- 58, 60, 177 Edges ........................................................... 39, 58, 178 Inner Ring ............................................. 39, 57-59, 179 Hierarchy of Mixed-Use Centers ........................ 56, 57 Neighborhood, Village and Sub-Regional Centers .................. 39, 50, 56-59, 61, 73, 86, 180, 181 Mixed-Use Neighborhoods ................... 36-39, 69, 70, 72 �N Natural Resource Areas ...................................... 107, 108 Natural Systems ........................................... 124, 147, 180 Nature See A City in Balance with Nature Near Downtown Mixed-Use Areas ........... 38, 50, 53, 60, 69-72 Near West Side ............................ 18, 38, 53, 69, 82, 100 Neighborhood(s) See also: Great Neighborhoods, Housing, Residential Associations ......................................... 10, 44, 111, 116 Characteristics and Preservation Tools/Strategies ....................... 40, 41, 43 Mixed-Use Center .............. 39, 50, 56-59, 73, 86, 180 Opportunities for Change ................................... 12-14 Reinvestment ................................................. 40, 43-45 Types .. ... .......................................... 32-39, 43, 120-122 See also: Pre-Wwld War II Neighborhoods, Post-World War II Neighborhoods and Mixed.Use Neighborhoods Parks and Recreation ............ 45, 49, 91, 96-98, 101, 115 Parks Deficits ...... ................................................... ........ 97 Partnerships ..................................... 3, 4, 24, 29, 44, 45, 61, 101, 108, 109-116, 153 Objectives and Policies .................................... ll5, 116 Pedestrian See also: Walkable, Bicycles Connections ....................... 54, 61, 72, 87, 95, 96, 100 Design for ......................................... 61, 81, 82, 86, 87 Orientation .. ........................................... 51, 54, 73, 76 Performance Standards ................ ........ 36, 37, 51, 70, 93 Placement ............. 37, 125, 128, 131, 133, 135, 141, 148 Plainfield Avenue ....................... 18, 19, 82, 86, 113, 171 Planning Commission See Grand Rapids Population ................... ................. 15, 17, 31, 60, 65, 108 Post-World War 11 Neighborhoods ............. 35, 120, 122, 127-129, 135, 136 See also: Neighborhoods New Urbanism ....................................................... 4, 180 North Monroe ......................... 18, 36, 53, 66, 68, 82, 93 Pre-World War II Neighborhoods .......... 34, 35, 53, 120, 121, 130-134 0 Public Investment ................ 45, 49, 60, 66, 73, 115, 152 See aLso: Ne,ghborhoods Objectives and Policies .. .............................. 43-46, 60-62, 72-74, 86-88, 100-102, 108, 115, 116 Office ............................................................... 23, 38, 39, 45, 58, 60, 128, 130-132, 134, 178 See also: Commercial Open Space ........................................... 2, 17, 24, 37, 38, 69, 72, 92-101, 108, 139, 145 See also: Green SJ,ace Open Space Framework .... ................ 84, 95-97, 100, 107 Orientation .......... 50, 125, 129, 131, 133, 135, 141, 149 Overview ........ ................... ....... ..... ... .......... .............. 21-26 See also: Economic Development, Incentives Public Involvement See Master Plan Process, Partnerships Public Space Organization ........... ..... 124, 127, 130, 132, 139, 147 Purpose, Recommended Uses and Special Considerations for Mixed-Use Areas ..................... 38, 39 Q Quality of Life ........... 2, 5, 24, 30, 66, 72, 77, 92, 96, 98 See also: A City that Enriches Our Lives Parking See also: Trans/1ortation Demand Management Alternatives ........ ..................................... 37, 54, 83, 84 Design .............................................. 37, 49, 60, 81, 83, 84, 125, 128-134, 136, 142, 149 Incentives ........................................ 37, 83, 84, 87, 124 Provision of ............................................. 49-51, 54, 60, 83, 87, 124, 128-134 See also: Land Use, Housing Resource Extraction Areas ........................................... 69 Retail Development ....................... 39, 51, 55, 58, 60, 61 See also: Commercial Right-of-Way ................................................ 145-150, 180 Riverfront Mixed-Use Areas ..................... 38, 50, 53, 60, 68-72, 92, 93, 100 s Safety ........................................................... 30, 45, 81, 86 Scale ................ 37, 50, 125, 128, 131, 133, 140, 148, 180 Schools Facilities ............................................................ 45, 134 Partnership ..... ... ... ................. ......... 30, 45, 65, 73, 98, 99, 101, 104, 116, 172 Sensitive Lands See En11ironmentally Sensitive Lands Seward Avenue ...... ..................... ...................... 18, 82, 86 Sidewalks ...................................................................... 45 Site Details ................ 125, 129, 133, 134, 144, 150, 180 Smart Growth .............................. 3, 5, 24, 103, 163, 170 South Division ......................................... .. 18, 39, 79, 87 Special Studies ....................................................... .. 18, 19 Sprawl ............................. ........... ............ 31, 106, 108, 110 Stormwater ......... ............. ................. 24, 95-108, 145-150 See also: Best Management Practices R p Residential Classifications ..... ....................... ....................... 22, 178 Density(ies) ..................... 22, 32-34, 38, 39, 43, 44, 86 Design .......... ..................................................... 137-144 Future Land Use .............................. 32-34, 39, 43, 44, 59, 69, 79, 86, 108 Residential Densities Map ....................... ................ 33 Types .............................................................. 32-39, 43 Rail Corridors ........................................ .. 67, 68, 72, 115 Recreation See Parks and Recreation Regional Cooperation .............................. 17, 108, 110, 113, 115 Mixed-Use Center .............................. 52, 60, 104, 180 See also: Downtown Systems ................................................... . 100, 113, 115 Renaissance Zone ................................. ,................ 71, 180 • Page 187 • Street Classification Policy ......... 42, 80, 81, 86, 155, 181 Streetscape See Streets Streets See also: Traffic Calming, Gateways, Highways. Parking, Alleys, Streets and Rights-ofWay, Sr:reet Classification Policy Closures ..................................................................... 37 Connectivity ....................... 37, 45, 76, 81, 86, 87, 100 Design .................................... .... 37, 42, 45, 80, 81, 86, 87, 96, 141, 143, 146, 147 Plan Grand Rapids • Index �Streets (continued) Investment ......... .. ...... ............. .......... 45, 60, 61, 86, 87 Maintenance .... ......................... ........ 41, 45, 61, 77, 86 Quality ....... .......... ...... ............................. 30, 4 5, 49, 96 Streets and Rights-of-Way (Design) ......... ............ . 146-150 Sub-Regional Mixed-Use Center ............... 39, 50, 56-59, 73, 86, 181 Sustainabili ty .......... ... ........................ 5, 66, 104-106, 115 SWOT Analysis ................... ....... ......... .......................... 11 T Technology See Public Investment, Tnfrd.stmct1<re Themes ......................................................... 24, 167, 168 Traditional Business Areas See al.so: Core, Corridor Residential and Traditional 81LSiness Area Connectors Definition ......... ...... ........................ .... 23, 53, 178, 181 Design ................................ 44, 49, 53, 55, 61, 127-129 Management ....................................................... 55, 60 Parking ............................................ ........ 50, 54, 60, 81 Vitality ................ ................................................ 49, 60 Traffic Calming ................ 40, 45, 49, 58, 76, 81, 86, 181 Trail System ................... ................. 95, 98, 100, 113, 115 See al.so: Primary Open Space Framework, Parks and Recreation, Green.space Transit See al.so: lntentrban Transit Partnership, Balanced Transportation Future Land Use .... .................... 44, 56, 61, 78, 79, 86 Plan ....................................... ........ ...... 86, 78, 160, 163 Oriented Development .................. 39, 44, 56, 86, 181 Service .................................. 39, 56, 71, 73, 80, 86, 87 Transitions and Edges ................. 73, 123, 127, 130, 132, 135, 138, 146, 181 Transportation See al.so: Balanced Transportation Demand Management ... ..... 37, 71, 73, 83, 84, 87, 124 Orientation ............. .. .... ..................... .......... ........... ... 51 Transportation Framework Non-Motorized Network ................ .. .................. ... ... 85 Streets ..................... .................................................. 80 Transit .............. .. ..................................... .................. 79 28th Street .......................... 18, 19, 39, 44, 59, 61, 79, 87 Typologies ................................................. ................... 181 u West Side Urban Design Vocabulary ..................... .............. 123-125 Urban Redevelopment Council ........................... 71, 181 Uses and Densities ....... .... ........ .. 124, 128, 131, 140, 148 US-131 .................................. ...................... 82, 87, 92, 94 Utilities .................................................................. ... 3, 12 X y V Vacant and Underutilized Land .......................... 146-150 Voices & Visions .............................. ...... 52, 60, 155, 182 Village Center ................... 39, 50, 51, 56-59, 73, 86, 181 Visions ...................................................................... 12-13 A Healthy Downtown .. ...... ................. ..................... 48 Automobile Alternatives .... ....................................... 76 Building on Our Assets ...................................... 65, 90 Business Climate ............................. ......................... 64 City as Center ... .... .. .. .. .. .... ... ... ... ..... ...... ........... .... ... ] 04 Collaboration and Community ..................... ,......... 29 Committed Home Owners, Landlords and Tenants ....................... .............. .. ...... 29 Housing Diversity ............................ ......................... 28 Job Diversity and a Productive Workforce ......... ..... 65 Parks and Recreation ..... ............................................ 91 Quality Education .. .................................................. 30 Quality of Life ........................................................... 30 Sustainability .............. ............................................ 105 The Public Realm .............. ....................................... 49 Urban Heritage ........ .. ............ .................................. 29 Vitality ......... .... ......................................................... 49 Well Designed Street Network .......... .... .................... 77 Working Together ................................................... 110 Vital Business Districts ........... ......................... 24, 47-62 Objectives and Policies ..... ,.................................. 60-62 w Walkable/Walkability See al.so: Pedestrian, Bicycles Conflicts ............. ........... ......................... ..... 51, 54, 119 Definition .... ..... ......... .............. .. ....... .. ......... .. ......... 182 Des ign ......... 37, 42, 45, 51, 60, 61, 71, 81, 86, 87, 119 Safety ................................................. .. .......... 45, 81, 86 Waste Reduction ............................ ............ 104, 105, 108 See al.so: Neigliborhood Types Index • Plan Grand Rapids • Page 188 • See Near West Side z Zoning Ordinance ................................. 22, 158-160, 182 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Wyckoff Planning and Zoning Collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Planning & Zoning Center (Lansing, Mich.) (Organization) Wyckoff, Mark A. Description An account of the resource Municipal master plans and zoning ordinances from across the state of Michigan, spanning from the 1960s to the early 2020s. The bulk of the collection was compiled by urban planner Mark Wyckoff over the course of his career as the founder and principal planner of the Planning and Zoning Center in Lansing, Michigan. Some additions have been made to the collection by municipalities since it was transferred to Grand Valley State University. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Michigan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960/2023 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/870">Planning and Zoning Center Collection (RHC-240)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">No Copyright - United States</a> Subject The topic of the resource Michigan Comprehensive plan publications Master plan reports Zoning--Michigan Zoning--Maps Maps Land use--planning Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-240 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Grand-Rapids_Master-Plan_2002 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Planning Commission, City of Grand Rapids, Kent County, Michigan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002-12-10 Title A name given to the resource City of Grand Rapids Master Plan 2002 Description An account of the resource The City of Grand Rapids Master Plan 2002 was prepared by the Grand Rapids Planning Commission and was formally accepted on December 10, 2002. Subject The topic of the resource Master plan reports Grand Rapids (Mich.) Kent County (Mich.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/870">Planning and Zoning Center Collection (RHC-240)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/9c0ed8df692640ba3a484a814e21a831.pdf e2924abb5219d71b480b065e6f836695 PDF Text Text II Public Museum of Grand Rapids Established 1854 March 4, 1996 Mr. and Mrs. Termaat 3602 E. Fulton, Apt 101 Grand Rapids, MI 49546 Dear Mr. and Mrs. Termaat, Enclosed is a draft of the label text we will be using for your story in the "Rescuers" exhibit. It was very difficult to compress all the information into one small label. I hope you feel this is sufficient. I would appreciate it if you could review the material for content, spelling, dates, etc. I will be out of town the remainder of this week, but will call you the week of March 11 to get any revisions, corrections, etc. You should be receiving an invitation to the opening reception very soon. As I told you during the interview, the evening's events will include a program and a short ceremony honoring the "rescuers." If you are able to attend, we would like you to come up on stage and receive a plaque in your honor. Please let us know through the response card in the invitation, if you will be there that evening. Because of the space restrictions in the auditorium, we will have to do some complex seating arrangements. We are reserving special seats in the front row of the auditorium for the people who will be corning on stage to accept the plaques. We ask that only the two of you use these seats in the front row. We will then have general reserved seats in the rest of the auditorium for any other people in your party. Please indicate the number of general reserved seats you would like on the response card. If you have any questions about the reception, please feel free to ask me when I call you the week of the 11th. Veronica L. Kandl Curator Van Andel Museum Center and Roger B. Chaffee Planetarium • 272 Pearl Street NW • Grand Rapids, MI 49504-5371 616-456-3977 • TDD(fext Telephone 616-456-3724 • FAX 616-456-3873 Blandford Nature Center • 1715 Hillburn Ave. NW • Grand Rapids, MI 49504-2452 • 616-453-6 192 Voigt House Victorian Museum • 115 College Ave. SE • Grand Rapids, MI 49503-4403 • 616-456-4600 �Peter and Adriana Termaat 1914 1916 Alkmaar, The Netherlands Peter and Adriana Termaat's first encounter with taking people into their home occurred shortly after the German invasion of The Netherlands. When Amersfoort, an important railroad center was taken by the Nazis, the entire population of 40,000 citizens was forced to evacuate. Refugees arrived in the Termaat's hometown of Alkmaar with only the clothes on their backs. The Termaats originally housed a family of eight, but with Adriana recovering from the birth of their first son thirteen day before, their doctor asked the authorities if a larger home could be found for the family. A mother and her young daughter replaced the family in the Termaat's house. Their first conscious act of resistance occurred at Peter's job as a paralegal. He was told to select men from his community to work as forced labor in German war factories. He refused and sent a letter saying he could not perform this job because of his conscience. The reply came back, "Request for exemption from job could not be made for the reason of conscience." After losing the job, Peter and the family moved to a small farming community near Alkmaar. Here the Termaats became more involved in resistance and rescue work. A friend asked them to hide a Jew in their home. "This is the way you got involved, through your friendships," stated Adriana. Peter followed, "It was not that we thought a long time about what we should do. We just acted on what we saw happening. Here we'd lived in a country where freedom of religion and civil liberties had always been allowed and all of a sudden they were being violated. The Nazis were interfering with our basic freedom." A succession of Jews, downed Allied pilots and Dutch men fleeing forced labor found haven at the Termaat's. Before their house was raided, they built a hiding place in the attic. A small room with a mattress was concealed behind a wall covered with straw. Peter also helped coordinate projects for the underground including setting up "safe houses" for downed pilots, securing and distributing ration and identification cards, and printing underground newsletters. In the spring of 1944 an informer told the Gestapo of Peter's work for the underground. Fortunately resistance leaders learned of the betrayal and hid Peter just in time. The Gestapo raided the house and interrogated Adriana. She fabricated a story about Peter's absence and hoped that her two and four year old sons would not inadvertently give them away. Since the house was then under constant surveillance, Peter could not return. He was forced to go into hiding but he continued to work with the underground until the war ended in June, 1945. �Neither Peter nor Adriana want to be thought of as heroes. "It was just something you did. It's like when you see a child fall in the water you jump in to get them out. Deep down you could not reason it out. Something had to be done," said Peter. Adriana hesitantly says, "The way we were raised, you feel sorry for those people who have to accept all those terrible things. They were hunted people. It seemed so unfair that they were persecuted because they were different. We were convinced that we too had to do our share to regain our freedom. But we are not heres. Please don't think of us that way." 3rd draft/termaat 3-11-96 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Adriana B. and Peter N. Termaat collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Termaat, Adriana B. (Schuurman) Termaat, Peter N. Description An account of the resource Collection contains genealogical, personal, and family papers and photographs documenting the lives and interests of Adriana and Peter Termaat. The bulk of the materials are related to family history and genealogical research carried out by the Termaats, including research notes and materials about places in the Netherlands that were significant to the Termaat and Schuurman families, such as the city of Alkmaar. Other materials in the collection are related to the Termaats' experiences on the eve of and during the Second World War, especially the German occupation of the Netherlands and the Termaats' participation in organized resistance to the Nazis. Also included are materials that document the family's post-war life in the United States, including their public efforts to recognize, commemorate, and honor people and events significant to World War II. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1869 - 2012 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/719">Adriana B. and Peter N. Termaat collection, RHC-144</a> Subject The topic of the resource Netherlands Netherlands--History--German occupation, 1940-1945 World War, 1939-1945 World War, 1939-1945 -- Underground movements -- Netherlands Dutch Dutch Americans Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-144 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Text Image Type The nature or genre of the resource application/pdf image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng nl Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-144_Termaat_AWD_1996-03-04-Rescuers-GRPM-Exhibit-draft Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Public Museum Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1996-03-04 Title A name given to the resource West Michigan Rescuers exhibit text and letter Description An account of the resource Letter from Veronica Kandl, curator of Grand Rapids Public Museum exhibit "West Michigan Rescuers," with the text of the exhibit. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kandl, Veronica L. Subject The topic of the resource Museum exhibits Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/719">Adriana B. and Peter N. Termaat collection (RHC-144)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/f3b47d3e66d54dd6fba7c1ba3df966be.pdf 6682d8710721d86be3102ed64fb72756 PDF Text Text "To Save One Life is to Save the Whole World." The Talmud RESCUERS OF THE HOLOCAUST: PORTRAITS BY GAY BLOCK and WEST MICHIGAN RESCUERS: PORTRAITS BY CLAUDIA S. LIBERATORE �ABOUf THE EXHIBIT THE JEWISH COMMUNITY FUND OF GRAND RAPIDS For three years, photographer Gay Block and writer Malka Drucker interviewed and photographed people who hid and saved Jews in Europe during World War II, recording the stories of ordinary people who showed incredible courage and compassion risking their own lives to save others. The exhibition includes the video "They Risked Their Lives," and portraits of the rescuers. and The exhibit tells an extraordinary story and, has been shown at museums and galleries throughout the United States, including the Museum of Modern Art in New York and the Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C. In addition to the traveling show, the Public Museum will feature the stories and photographs of "Rescuers" now living in Grand Rapids. Diet Eman Albert Kuperus, in memory of his parents, Gerald and Sonja Kuperus Henrietta Plantinga, in memory of her husband, Cornelius Peter and Adriana Termaat Dr. John Timmer, in memory of his parents, Aris and Bregta Timmer John and Jackie Weerstra John Witte RESCUERS OF THE HOLOCAUST will be on exhibit at the Van Andel Museum Center April 16 to June 15, 1996. THE FRIENDS OF THE PUBLIC MUSEUM invite you to a Dessert Reception for the opening of RESCUERS OF THE HOLOCAUST: PORTRAITS BY GAY BLOCK and WEST MICHIGAN RESCUERS: PORTRAITS BY CLAUDIA S. LIBERATORE Tuesday, April 16, 1996 7:00 - 9:30 p.m. Van Andel Museum Center 272 Pearl N.W. Downtown • Grand Rapids A program honoring local rescuers will be held at 7:30 in the Meijer Theater The Jewish Community Fund's sponsorship of the exhibition was made possible through the generous gifts of Meijer, Inc. and The Helen and Louis Padnos Foundation R.S.Y.P. by April l �JOIN US FOR THESE UPCOMING PROGRAMS An Evening With Madame F Meijer Theater Sunday April 28, 1996 at 7 :30 p.m. For ticket information call 243-6205 or 28 I -4079 Claudia Stevens' acclaimed depiction in music, song, and drama of the experience of Fania Fenelon and other concentration camp musicians. Sponsored by the Jewish Cultural Council of Grand Rapids and the Public Museum. I Never Saw Another Butterfly Written by Celeste Raspanti. Directed by Mary Cron Meijer Theater May 18-19, 25-26, and June 1-2 8:00 p .m. Saturday 2:00 p.m. Sunday Presented by Jewish Theater Grand Rapids and co-sponsored by the Public Museum. For ticket information call 732-6151 From I 942 to I 945 Jewish children passed through a garrison set up as a ghetto in Czechoslovakia. It soon became a station for hundreds of thousands on their way to the gas chambers of Auschwitz. Raja Englanderova lived through it as a teacher giving children hope when there was little reason for hope. This play is her story. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Adriana B. and Peter N. Termaat collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Termaat, Adriana B. (Schuurman) Termaat, Peter N. Description An account of the resource Collection contains genealogical, personal, and family papers and photographs documenting the lives and interests of Adriana and Peter Termaat. The bulk of the materials are related to family history and genealogical research carried out by the Termaats, including research notes and materials about places in the Netherlands that were significant to the Termaat and Schuurman families, such as the city of Alkmaar. Other materials in the collection are related to the Termaats' experiences on the eve of and during the Second World War, especially the German occupation of the Netherlands and the Termaats' participation in organized resistance to the Nazis. Also included are materials that document the family's post-war life in the United States, including their public efforts to recognize, commemorate, and honor people and events significant to World War II. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1869 - 2012 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/719">Adriana B. and Peter N. Termaat collection, RHC-144</a> Subject The topic of the resource Netherlands Netherlands--History--German occupation, 1940-1945 World War, 1939-1945 World War, 1939-1945 -- Underground movements -- Netherlands Dutch Dutch Americans Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-144 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Text Image Type The nature or genre of the resource application/pdf image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng nl Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-144_Termaat_AWD_1996-Program-West-Michigan-Rescuers-Exhibit Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Public Museum Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1996 Title A name given to the resource Rescuers of the Holocaust and West Michigan Rescuers Reception program Description An account of the resource Program for the Dessert Reception for the opening of "Rescuers of the Holocaust: Portraits by Gay Block" and "West Michigan Rescuers: Portraits by Claudia S. Liberatore" at the Grand Rapids Public Museum. Subject The topic of the resource Museum exhibits Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/719">Adriana B. and Peter N. Termaat collection (RHC-144)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/36f904be0562429cd4ade2055a023c33.pdf 494ebedd1564f51c9dc1d7b37390ef51 PDF Text Text / GRANO RAPIDS PUBLIC SCHOOLS 1 43 BOSTWICK, N .E. GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN 49503-3299 April 27, 1989 Dear~, Your willingness to be involved in Leadership Kaleidoscope 1989 is greatly appreciated. You are helping to nurture our youngsters by being a role model and by sharing your knowledge and experiences. One person can make a difference in a youngster's life. Attached for you is some background information on our program, Springboard to Leadership. This brief overview will give you the philosophy and format of our program. We have made a slight revision in the time schedule. Please note below. Each section of Leadership Kaleidoscope is designed and implemented by the youngsters. Soon you will receive a letter from the students of your section. 9:30 a.m. to 9:55 Welcome - Receiving Line City Middle 456-4601 Leadership Teacher, Jan Ellis 10:00 a.m. to 11:00 Contribution to Society, Role Model, Problem Solving Iroquois Middle 346-5036 Leadership Teacher, Robbie Mccollum 11:05 a.m. to 11:40 Lunch Riverside Middle 364-6714, Leave a message for Cathy: "Yes for Kaleidoscope Luncheon" and your name. PLEASE R.S.V.P. IF YOU WOULD GIVE US THE HONOR OF JOINING US FOR LUNCH Leadership Teacher, Cathy Skrycki {scry skee) 11:45 a.m. to 12:45 Renaissance Person Huff Middle 364-6750 Leadership Teacher, Dominic Mattone 12:50 p.m. to Awards and Appreciation 1:20 Southeast Academic Center 246-5087 Leadership Teacher, Mary Barkema Burton Middle 246-5050 Leadership Teacher, Larry Manley �You are most welcome to join us for the entire experience. We look forward to your session(s) at: 9:30 9:55 Receiving 10:00 - 11:00 Contribution to Society, Role Model, Problem Solving 11:45 - 12:45 Renaissance Person I believe with your help we have a day the youngsters will long remember. Thank you for sharing yourself and for caring about our young. Caryle Program Coordinator Springboard to Leadership 456-4253 CA/sc � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Native American Publication Collection Subject The topic of the resource Native Americans Indians of North America Anthropology Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Michigan Description An account of the resource Selected digital surrogates of published and unpublished materials from the Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection dealing with different aspects of human culture and anthropology, with an emphasis on Native American people, events, organizations, and activities in Michigan. Includes newsletters, event programs, flyers, posters and other printed materials. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gillis, Edward V. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American Publication Collection (RHC-14)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Relation A related resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Project (Kutsche Office of Local History) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958-2000 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/446">Edward V. Gillis Native American publication collection, RHC-14</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-14_leadership-kaleidoscope-itinerary_1989-04 Title A name given to the resource Leadership Kaleidoscope Itinerary, April 1989 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1989-04 Description An account of the resource Leadership Kaleidoscope Itinerary, Grand Rapids MI, April 27, 1989, collected by Edward Gillis included as part of his Native American publication collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Public Schools Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America -- Michigan -- Periodicals Indians of North America Michigan Michigan -- Grand Rapids Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a>