289 24 26018 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b6885f04f62e4595bd97fcac8e7b49cf.jpg eecff0a7ece91aace9b7ff1e9a945c65 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EhlersVern_Photo02 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Ehlers, Vern Description An account of the resource Vern Ehlers, Member of the United States House of Representatives, GVSU Honorary Degree recipient Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4d7d2cd5477bb66f2150abcbf4980088.pdf 9fdf28ad33eec5a2d99f86835366d5e5 PDF Text Text EIGHTH ANNUAL REPORT UNITED JEWISH CHARITIES OF GREATER MUSKEGON 1947- 1948 HARRY S. BERMAN Chairman �The success of organized community charities and philanthropies to a great extent depends on the sympathy, generosity and ability of its leaders. The United Jewish Charities of Greater Muskegon faced its greatest challenge last year when it had to raise more funds than at any time before in its history and still not interfere with the fund-raising for our Temple. This challenge was accepted by the able and energetic Harry S. Berman. Through his able leadership and devotion to the cause, a new goal was attained. To you, Harry S. Berman, the community acknowledges a debt of gratitude and appreciation for an assignment well done. PAUL M. WIENER, Honorary Chairman �A MESSAGE FRCJ! THE CHAIRMAN OF THE U.J.C. It was indeed an honor and privilege to have been singled out by this community to head the U.J.C. drive in the past year. I say it was an honor because the community by electing me for the task, showed its trust, confidence and faith in my ability to fulfill my assignment. The reason I deem it a privilege is because not everyone is privileged to live in a country such as ours where there is not only opportunity for its citizens to live in peace but where man can extend a helping hand to his fellow man, deprived of similar privileges and opportunities. Muskegon Jewry deserves credit for its generous gifts to the U.J.C. in past years. Our giving made it possible for our brethren to fight heroically and emerge victoriously. {continued on next page) �MESSAGE (continued) The fight unfortunately is still on, and so our giving must not diminish this year. As a matter of fact, we must give more generously now than ever before. For while the doors of every land are practically closed to our warafflicted brethren still languishing in concentration camps, the State of Israeli has its friendly hand stretcred out to take them in, and give them a home in which they can live in freedom and enjoy a sense of dignity experienced by no other Jew anywhere on the globe. Our brethren in Europe and Palestine ask for cooperation. Let us answer them generously. HARRY S. BEmtAN Chairman * ** * * ** * �UNITED JEWISH CHARITIES - CASH RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEr.IBNTS 1948 FOR YEAR ENDED DEC. ,3 1 Amounts pledged 1947-48 (Schedule A-1) $76,776.50 Cash in Be.nlc & on Hand 11/26/1947 $7,994.52 Collected on 1946-47 pledges Refund from B 1nai B 1rith, Essay Contest Check issued 4/30/46 to Michigan Hillel Building Fund, not cashed and cancelled Remittance from Mona View Jewish Cemetery Association 1,850.00 600.00 50.00 2,000.00 12,494.52 Total Pledges Outstending 1947-48 . Shrinkage 1946·-47 Shrinkage 1947-48 Moneys Allocated (Schedule A-2) $89,271.02 $6,693.00 200.00 75.00 7?,790~05 84,758.05 General Expenses: Dinners, Music, Flowers $ Printing, Stationery & Postage Secretarial, Clerical & Auditing 720.69 191.70 358.,00 Cash in Bank Dec. 3, 1948 292.58 Checks on Hand Dec. 3, 1948 Total $ 2,950.00 1,270.39 3,242.58 !~271002 This financial report was audited and compiled by Robert Kennedy, Tax Consultant, 216 Montgomery Building, Muskegon, Michigan �UNITED JEWISH CHARITIES AIJ.,OCATIONS 1947-48 SCHEDULE A-2 Special Relief • • • • • • • • • United Jewish P..ppeal • • • • • • Mona View Jewish Cemetery Ass'n. Hadassah • • • • • • • • • • • • Hadassah (Youth Aliyah) • • • • • Joint Defense Appeal • • • • • • Levi Memorial Hospital • • • • • Council of Jewish Fed. & Welfare Funds • • • • • • American Jewish Congress • • • • Haifa Institute of Technology •• Jewish Telegraphic Agency • • • • Jewish Welfare Boord • • • • • • Weitzman Institute • • • • • • • Histadruth Ivrith • • • • • • • • Hebrew Union & J. I. R• • • • • • Histadruth of Palestine • • • • • United Jewish Layman Committee • Society for Yeminite JeV1s • • • • Hias • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Jewish Theological Seminary of America • • • • • • • Sisterhood B'nai Israel - S. o. S. .American Friends of Hebrew University • • • • Medical School Campaign of Hebrew University and Hadassah • • • • • • National Jewish Welfare Board • • $2,005.92 63,500.00 6,074.13 500.00 500.00 1,800.00 100.00 Total 177,790.05 100.00 50.00 100.00 100.00 150.00 50.00 50.00 500.00 150.00 10.00 50.00 200.00 200.00 250.00 500.00 700.00 150.00 �UNITED JEWISH CHARITIES YEAR 1947-48 PLEDGES SCHEDULE A-1 Adler, Harold • • • • • • • • • • • $ 100.00 Aron, Louis • • • • • • • • • • • • 200.00 Aron, Sylvia • • • • • • • • • • • • 100.00 Aron, Tony • • • • • • • • • • • • • Ashendorf, Isadore • • • • • • • • • Ashendorf, Jacob • • • • • • • • • • Ashendorf, Max • • • • • • • • • • • Ashendorf, Mrs. S. • • • • • • • • • August, Dr. and ~rs. R• • • • • • • Baru, Stanley • • • • • • • • • • • Beru, Rose • • • • • • • • • • • • • Baru, Elaine and David • • • • • • • Berman, Gene • • • • • • • • • • • • 500.00 215.00 500.00 500.00 500.00 Bernstein, Mr. and Mrs. M. • • • • • 2,000.00 300.00 100.00 100.00 50.00 300.00 2,500.00 400.00 300.00 50.00 Bess, Marcus • • • • • • • • • • • • 35.00 Billings, A• • • • • • • • • • • • • Bolthouse, Anthony • • • • • • • • • 10.00 10.00 300.00 100.00 1,500.00 101.00 25.00 600.00 50.00 Berman, Harry H. • • • • • • • • • • Berman, Harry S. • • • • • • • • • • Barmen, Louis !~. • • • • • • • • • • Berman, Reuben • • • • • • • • • • • Braverman·, Mr. and Ers. H• • • • • • Broutman, Nathan • • • • • • • • • • Benderof f, Mr. and llrs. S. M. • • • Cane , Dr • S • H. • • • • • • • • • • Cane, David M. • ••••••••• Cherin, ~obert and Jerome • • • • • Cherin, llrs. Robert • • • • • • • • Cherin, Mrs. Jerome • • • • • • • • · Cherin, Rochelle • • • • • • • • • • Cohan, Dr. S. • • • • • • • • • • • Cohan, Mrs. S • • • • • • • • • • • • Cohen, Benny • • • • • • • • • • • • Cohen, Robert N• • • • • • • • • • • Darmstader, L. and H• • • • • • • • Darmstadter, Elsa • • • • • • • • • Epstein, Andrew J • • • • • • • • • • 36.50 25.00 300.00 25.00 100.00 25.00 600.00 50.00 250.00 �UNITED JEWISH CHARITIES YEAR 1947-48 PLEDGES Fine, Francis • • • • • • • • • • $ 500.00 50.00 Fine, Blanche • • • • • • • • • • 36.50 Fine, Andy • • • • • • • • • • • • 5,000.00 Fisher, Harry, J. and B• • • • • • 100.00 Fisher, Nrs. B • • • • • • • • • • • 10.00 Fisher, James A• • • • • • • • • • 50.00 Fisher, Sally and Marilyn • • • • • 50.00 Fleishmsn, Dr Q .N • • • • • • • • • • 37.00 Fleishman, r:rs. N. • • • • • • • • 50.00 Fogel, Mr. and Idrs. M. • • • • • • 100.00 Fogel, f,ir. and Mrs. W. • • • • • • 73.00 Fogel, Mary • • • • • • • • • • • 500.00 Friedenoerg, Dr. M. L. • • • • • • 100,.00 Friedman, Hyman R• • • • • • • • • 300.00 Friend, Maurice • • • • • • • • • • 10.00 Galombeck, Warner • • • • • • • • • 10.00 Galombeck, Martha • • • • • • • • • 800.00 Golden, Maurice W. • • • • • • • • 100.00 Golden, Mrs. W. • •••••••• 10.00 Goldman, Bennie • • • • • • • • • • 1,000.00 Grossman, Herman • • • • • • • • • Grossman, Sa.die • • • • • • • • • • 1,000.00 250.00 Gudelsky, Os car • • • • • • • • • • 250.00 Gudelsky, David • • • • • • • • • • 300.00 Hecht, J • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 100.00 Hecht, f-lrs. J. • • • • • • • • • • 500.00 Hughes and Hatcher, Inc • • • • • • 30.00 Jacobs, Meyer • • • • • • • • • • • Jacobs, Holly • • • • • • • • • • • 5.00 Jacobson, Hr. and Mrs. S .. • • • • • 200.00 Kantor, Morris • • • • • • • • • • 300.00 Kaplan, Flaurice M. • • • • • ••• 10.00 6,000.00 Kaufman, J. K • • • • • • • • • • • Kaufman, Lillian • • • • • • • • • 336.00 100.00 Kaufman, Richard • • • • • • • • • 100.00 Kaufm2n, Gordon ••••••••• Kelin, Dr. Marie • • • • • • • • • 25.00 Klayf, Samuel G• • • • • • • • • • 300.00 100.00 Kline, Harold • • • • • • • • • • • Klitzner, Rabbi J • • • • • • • • • 30.00 �UNITED JEWISH CHARITI~ YEAR 1947-48 PLEDGES Kositchek, Milton • • • • • • • • Kozan, Milton • • • • • • • • • • Komiss, Ben • • • • • • • • • • • Krause, Edward H• • • • • • • • • $ 25.00 25.00 20.00 250.00 • • • • • • • • • • • 35.00 Lebow, .Max • • • • • • • • • • • Lebow, Sophia • • • • • • • • • • Levine, Mr. and Mrs. M. • • • • • Levine, Jerome D• • • • • • • • • Levy, Reuben •••••••••• Lipman, Hyman • • • • • • • • • • Lipman, Jack •••••••••• Lipman, Edi th • • • • • • • • • • Lipman, Sam • • • • • • • • • • • Locke, Chas • • • • • • • • • • • • Larson, Leo • • • • • • • • • • • 500.00 25.00 50.00 10.00 75.00 3,000.00 Lahr , Harry l~endelsohn, Herman • • • • • • • • Uiller, Al. • ••• , ••••• Newmark, Mrs. Ben • • • • • • • • Neumer, Ted • • • • • • • • • • • Oppenheim, Ben • • • • • • • • • • Price Family • • • • • • • • • • • Price, Mrs. Sam • • • • • • • • • Rapaport, J.C • • • • • • • • • • Roberts, Barney • • • • • • • • • Roden, Israel . . . . . . . . . • Rodoff, Mr. and Urs. F • • • • • • Chase, Raleigh L• • • • • • • • • Rogers, Lyle • • • • • • • • • • Rogers, Sylvia • • • • • • • • • • Rose, Leo • • • • • • •. • • • • • Rosen, Mrs. Douglas • • • • • • • Rosen, Herold • • • • • • • • • • ~osen, Leo S• • • • • • • • • • • Rosen, Florence • • • • • • • • • Rosenbaum, Sam D• • • • • • • • • Rosenberg, Max ••••••••• Rosenberg, Robert • • • • • • • • Rosenberg, Rose • • • • • • • •• Rosenberg, Suzanne • • • • • • • • ?5.00 36.50 3,000.00 50.00 15.00 50.00 25.00 25.00 1,750.00 50.00 1,500.00 100.00 100.00 25.00 100.00 300.00 10.00 500.00 25.00 100.00 10.00 1,000.00 1,500.00 100.00 200.00 1,250.00 200.00 36.50 10.00 �UNITED JEWISH CHARITIES YEAR 1947-48 PLEOO~ Rosenberg, Seymour I. • ••••• $ 100.00 Rubinsky, Chas • • • • • • • • • • • 100.00 Rubinsky, Linda • • • • • • • • • • 25.00 Rubinsky, Florence • • • • • • • • 75.00 Schultz, Dr. Leonard • • • • • • • 25.00 Schultz, Marilyn • • • • • • • • • 50.00 S chubb, Max • • • • • • • • • • • • 100.00 Shmookler, Abe • • • • • • • • • • 2,000.00 Shmookler, Rebecca • • • • • • . • 100.00 Shumacher, Leah • • • • • • • • • • 50.00' Shumacher, liax • • • • • • • • • • 250.00 Shumacher, Mr. and Mrs. S • • • • • 25.00 Silverman, Harold • • • • • • • • • Silverman, Sol Simcoe, Ed •••••••••• • • • • • • • • • • • • Simon, Joe • • • • • • • • • • • • Singer, Joe • • • • • • • • • • • • S inger , Sam J • • • • •· • • • • • • Singer, Rose • • • • • • • • • • • Smith, Chas. • • • • • • • • • • • Smith, Mrs. Chas • • • • • • • • • • Smith, Ely • • • • • • • • • • • • Smith, · Mrs. Ely • • • • • • • • • • Stein, "1r. and l1rs. F. • • • • • • Steindler, Milton • • • • • • • • • Steindler, Frances • • • • • • • • Steindle!", Mr. and Mrs. J . • • • • Stern: William • • • • • • • • • • Strifling, Joe S• • • • • • • • • • Strifling, Syd. • •••••••• Hamil ton Apts. • • • • • • • • • • Smith, Saul • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Teles, Dr. M. • ••••••••• Tesslar, S. J • • • • . • • • . • • Toy, Dr. Chas • • • • • • • • • • • Vandervoort, nrs. P. M• • • • • • • Weiner, Josiah • • • • • • • • • • Weiner, Mrs. J • • • • • • • • • • • Weiner, Paul • • • • • • • • • • • Whitman, T. M. • • • • • • • • • • Total 1,000.00 500.00 50.00 100.00 50.00 300.00 15.00 500.00 50.00 500.00 10.00 500.00 500.00 50.00 100.00 750.00 3,500.00 100.00 1,000.00 25.00 100.00 25.00 50.00 2.00 1,000.00 236.50 15,000.00 2 .oo � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Temple B'nai Israel Collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Temple B'nai Israel (Muskegon, Mich.) Description An account of the resource Collection of photographs, scrapbooks, programs, minutes, and other records of the Temple B'nai Israel in Muskegon, Michigan. The collection was created as part of the L'dor V'dor project directed by Dr. Marilyn Preston, and was supported by grants from the Kutsche Office of Local History and Michigan Humanities Council. Original materials were digitized by the University Libraries and returned to the synagogue. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digital objects were contributed by Temple B'nai Israel as part of the L'dor V'dor project. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Jews--United States Muskegon (Mich.) Scrapbooks Synagogues Women--Societies and clubs Minutes (Records) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Allendale, Michigan Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Preston, Marilyn Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Relation A related resource L'dor V'dor (project) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-08 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Text Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Circa 1920s-2018 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-08_Eight_Annual_Report_1947 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource B'nai Israel Temple Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1947 Title A name given to the resource Eight Annual Report Description An account of the resource Annual report that includes a note by the chairman, and information on the money obtained by the temple, both the people who donated money and how the temple spent the money. Subject The topic of the resource Jews--United States Muskegon (Mich.) Annual reports Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digital file contributed by the B'nai Israel Temple as part of the L'dor V'dor project. Relation A related resource L'dor V'dor (project) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c56660a9eb8a7d887f15f336491eedf0.pdf f53b1917018691a2cc9335cc88ec4aa9 PDF Text Text Eight Area Residents Hailed In Holocaust Remembrance By Theresa D. McClellan Berendina Erlich, 62; was a young woman looking forward to marriage when she became involved in the Dutch resistance movement to help a Jewish co-worker living in the Hague. That was before her fiancee, Haans, was executed by the Gestapo for his resistance work. Erlich was among eight resisters from western Michigan honored Sunday by the state and the Men's Club of Congregation Ahavas Israel, 2727 Michigan St. NE, in commemoration of National Holocaust Remembrance Week. "My work was to get (phony identification) cards for my Jewish friends so they could move from different places," said Erlich, of 2610 Ramona St. SE "The Gestapo came to my parents' house every two to three weeks." Uke the other resisters, the slight greying woman credits her faith for keeping her active in tbe movement, despite the constant fear of being discovered. "I was terrible scared they would find out who I was, and as a young girl I was often disappointed in my Christian friends who had such little faith." Besides Erlich, others honored were Jan Dirkmaat, 181 Lantern Drive NW; Albert K. Flikkema, 1071 Village Lane, Jenison; Pieter N. and Adrianna Termaat, 1730 Westlane Drive NE; Johan Weerstra, Holland; Johannes Witte, 2216 Edgewood Ave. SE; and the late Marten Weestra, of Holland. The program also serves as a rebuttal to "revisionist historians" who claim the crimes against Jews during World War II never happened, said Professor Dwayne Cole of Grand Rapids Baptist College. "There are people out there who will believe what they want to · believe despite the facts. The horror is when our younger generations begin doubting this ever happened," said Cole. Witte remembered his Netherlands home as a land of freedom for everyone until "May 10, 1940 when the Germans entered our borders and forced our young people into the labor camps to be reeducated in the Nazi philosophy." The events of the Holocaust in which an estimated six million Jews were slaughtered are "bard to comprehend now, and were incomprehensible then," said Witte. "There were signs and rumors and even newspaper articles, but we could not comprehend such a thing." Even now it is difficult for Erlich and others to speak of the deaths without being visibly moved. "I just pray," said Erlich, "that we will never be subjected to that kind of horror, ever." Pieter N. Termaat Berendlna Erlich • This week's gathering in Washington, D.C., of an estimated 18,800 U.S. and Canadian survivors of Nazi death camps should serve as a reminder to the world that what happened during World War II can happen again, an !)rganizer says. Page SC. Johannes Witte � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Adriana B. and Peter N. Termaat collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Termaat, Adriana B. (Schuurman) Termaat, Peter N. Description An account of the resource Collection contains genealogical, personal, and family papers and photographs documenting the lives and interests of Adriana and Peter Termaat. The bulk of the materials are related to family history and genealogical research carried out by the Termaats, including research notes and materials about places in the Netherlands that were significant to the Termaat and Schuurman families, such as the city of Alkmaar. Other materials in the collection are related to the Termaats' experiences on the eve of and during the Second World War, especially the German occupation of the Netherlands and the Termaats' participation in organized resistance to the Nazis. Also included are materials that document the family's post-war life in the United States, including their public efforts to recognize, commemorate, and honor people and events significant to World War II. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1869 - 2012 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/719">Adriana B. and Peter N. Termaat collection, RHC-144</a> Subject The topic of the resource Netherlands Netherlands--History--German occupation, 1940-1945 World War, 1939-1945 World War, 1939-1945 -- Underground movements -- Netherlands Dutch Dutch Americans Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-144 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Text Image Type The nature or genre of the resource application/pdf image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng nl Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-144_Termaat_NWS_1983-Ahavas-award-345 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource McClellan, Theresa D. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1983 Title A name given to the resource Eight Area Residents Hailed in Holocaust Remembrance Description An account of the resource Newspaper clipping about members of the Dutch resistance movement living in Grand Rapids. Subject The topic of the resource Netherlands -- Awards Dutch Americans Dutch World War, 1939-1945 -- Netherlands World War, 1939-1945 -- Jews -- Rescue Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/719">Adriana B. and Peter N. Termaat collection (RHC-144)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c6a3e8a6028eab207f0ca37e2204fab5.jpg 900351c5091cc13681c5fe6141b340ee Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grand Rapids Boat and Canoe Club collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Boat and Canoe Club Description An account of the resource Scrapbooks of newsclippings, photographs, postcards, and ephemera of the Grand Rapids Boat and Canoe Club. Photos were taken at regattas on Reeds Lake; the Grand River; Peoria, Illinois; and in Chicago of club members, and events. Historical articles, reports of regatta events, and articles featuring members Charles McQuewan and Jack Corbett are included. Programs include the First Grand Regatta on Great Salt Lake 1888, and Peoria Rowing Festival, and banquet and music programs and the GR Log, a publication of the Grand Rapids Boat and Canoe Club. Materials from the Central States Amater Rowing Association, and the National Association of Amateur Oarsmen are also included. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource circa 1980s to 1940s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/481">Grand Rapids Boat and Canoe Club scrapbooks, (RHC-54)</a> Subject The topic of the resource Grand Rapids (Mich.) Outdoor recreation Boats and boating Racing shells Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-54 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-54_Photographs-GRRC39 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Rapids Boat and Canoe Club Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource no date Title A name given to the resource Eight-Person Crewboat with Cox Description An account of the resource Unidentified female crew, gender of the cox uncertain (but likely male). On water with trees in the background. Cropmarks around subject. Found in dark brown scrapbook. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Rapids (Mich.) Outdoor recreation Boats and boating Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/481">Grand Rapids Boat and Canoe Club scrapbooks (RHC-54)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/">No Known Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0af923222751ea353a44488a056d0136.pdf 4d6fca75e1f8cccbb051c7cf5bfc5e79 PDF Text Text EIGHTH ANNUAL REPORT UNITED JEWISH CHARITIES OF GREATER MUSKEGON 1947- 1948 HARRY S. BERMAN Chairman / �J.. MESSAGE FJ CHAIRMAN OF Tl The success of organized community charities and philanthropies to a great ex tent depends on th e sympathy, generos ity and ability of its leaders. The United Jewish Charities of Greater Muskegon face d its g reatest challenge last year when it had to raise more funds than at any time before in its history and still not interfere with th e fund -ra ising for our Temple. This challenge was accepted by the able and energeti c H ar ry S. Berm an. Through his able leadership and devoti on to th e cause, a new goal was attained . To you, Harry S. Berman, the community acknowledges a debt of gratitude and appreciation for an assignment well done. PAUL M . WIENER, Honorary Chairman It was indeed an hoi have been singled out bJ head the U.J . C. drive in 1 I say it was an honol ity by electing me for trust, confidence and fa: fulfill my assignment. The reason I deem ii cause not everyone is pr: country such as ours whei opportunity for its citiz1 but where man can extend 1 fellow man, deprived of s : oppor tunities . Muskegon Jewry dese1 generous gifts to the U, Our giving made it possil to fight heroically and er ( continued on 1 �----' A MESSAGE FROM THE CHAIRMAN OF THE U. J . C. It was indeed an honor and pr ivilege to have been singled out by this community to head the U.J . C. drive in the past year. I say it was an honor because the community by electing me f or the task, showed its trust, confidence and faith in my ability to fulfill my assignment . The reason I deem it a privilege is because not everyone is privileged to live in a country such as ours where there is not only opportunity for its citizens t o live in peace but where man can extend a helping hand to his fellow man, deprived of similar privileges and' opportunities . Muskegon Jewry deserves credit for its generous gifts to the U.J. C. in past years • Our giving made it poss ible for our brethren to fight heroically and emerge victoriously. . (continued on next page) ~- _,; --;; ~ . ;, �UNITED JEWISH CASH RECEIPTS AND MESSAGE FOR (continued) YEAR ENDED l Amounts pledged 19.47-48 (Sched1 Cash in Bank & on Hand 11/26/1' Collected on 1946-47 pledges Refund from B'nai B 1rith, Essay Contest Check issued 4/JO/46 to Michigi Hillel Building Fund . not cashed and cance: Remittance from Mona View Jewi: Cemetery Association The fight unfortunately is still on, and so our giving must not diminish this year. As a matter of fact, we must give more generously now than ever before. For while the doors of every land are practically closed to our warafflicted brethren still languishing in concentration camps, the State of Israeli has its friendly hand stretched out to talce them in, and give them a home in which they can live in freedom and enjoy a sense of dignity experienced by no other Jew anywhere on the globe. Total Pledges Outstanding 1947-48 Shrinkage 1946-47 Shrinkage 1947-48 Moneys Allocated (Schedule A-2; Our brethren in Europe and Palestine ask for cooperation. Let us answer them generously. General Expenses: Dinners, Music, Flowers Printing, Stationery & Postae Secretarial, Clerical & Audii HARRY S. BERMAN Chairman Cash in Bank Dec. 3, 1948 Checks on Hand Dec. 3, 1948 * ** * * ** * ,, Total This financial report was by Robert Kennedy, 1 216 Montgomery Building, �UNITED JEWISH CHARITIES CASH RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS FOR YEAR ENDED DEC. 3, 1948 Amounts pledged 19.47-48 (Schedule A-1) $76,776.50 Cash in Bank & on Hand 11/26/1947 $7,994.52 Collected on 1946-47 pledges 1,850.00 Refund from B·'nai B 'ri th, Essay Contest 600.00 Check issued 4/30/46 to Michigan Hillel Building Fund, not cashed and cancelled 50.00 Remittance from Mona View Jewish Cemetery Association _ 2,000.00 12,494.52 nd As ly of r- n- ts n, in ['- Total Pledges Outstanding 1947-48 Shrinkage 1946-47 Shrinkage 1947-48 Moneys Allocated (Schedule A-2) 3k ~- \N m $6,693.00 200.00 75.00 ..J..7,790.05 84,758.05 General Expenses: Dinners, Music, Flowers $ Printing, Stationery & Postage Secretarial, Clerical & Auditing 720.69 191.70 358.00 Cash in Bank Dec. 3, 1948 292.58 Checks on Hand Dec. 3, 1948 . $89,271.02 Total $ 2,950.00 1,270.39 3,242.58 $89,271.02 This financial report was audited and compiled by Robert Kennedy, Tax Consultant, 216 Montgomery Building, Muskegon, Michigan 7 = ~7-:;:,;: ~=·=1- ========J r ;9-- - - ~ J �UNITED JEWISH CHARITIES UNITED JEWH AIJ.,0CATI0NS 1947-48 YEAR 1947-L SCHEDULE Special Relief • • • • • • • • • United Jewish Appeal • • • • • • Mona View Jewish Cemetery Ass 'n. Hadassah •••••••••••• Hadassah (Youth Aliyah) • • • • • Joint Defense Appeal • • • • • • Levi Memorial Hospital • • • • • Council of Jewish Fed. & Welfare Funds • • • • • • American Jewish Congress • • • • Haifa Institute of Technology •• Jewish Telegraphic Agency • • • • Jewish Welf are Board • • • • Weitzman Institute • • • • • • • His-t adruth Ivrith • • • • • • Hebrew Union & J. I. R• • • • • • Histadruth of Palestine • • • • • United Jewish Layman Committee • Society for Yeminite Jews • • • • Rias • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Jewish Theological Seminary of A.rnerica • • • • • • • Sisterhood B 1nai Israel - s. 0. S. American Friends of Hebrew University • • • • Medical School Campaign of Hebrew University and Hadassah • • • • • • National Jewish Welfare Board •• Total SCHEDUI A-2 $ 2,005.92 63,500.00 6,074.13 500.00 500.00 1,800.00 100.00 100.00 50.-00 100.00 100.00 150 .00 50.00 50.00 500.00 150.00 10.00 50. 00 200.00 200.00 250.00 500.00 700.00 150.00 $77,790.05 Adler, Harold • • • Aron, Louis • • • • • • Aron, Sylvia • • • • • • Aron, Tony • • • • • • • Ashendorf, Isadore ••• Ashendorf, Jacob • • • • Ashendorr, Max • • • • • Ashendorf, Mrs. S • • • • August, Dr. and Mrs. R. Baru, Stanley • • • • • Baru, Rose • • • • • • • Baru, Elaine and David. Berman, Gene • • • • • • Berman, Harry H• • • • • Berman, Harry S• • • • • Berman, Louis ~ - • • • • Berman, Reuben • • • • • Bernstein, Mr. and Mrs. l Bess, Harcus • • • • • • Billings, A• • • • • • • Bolthouse, Anthony ••• Braverman, I·ir. and t·:rs. Broutman, Nathan • • • • Benderoff, Mr. and Mrs. : Cane, Dr. S. H. • • • • Cane, David M. • ••• Cherin, Robert and Jerom, Cherin, Hrs. Robert •• Cherin, Mrs. Jerome •• Cherin, Rochelle •• , • Cohan, Dr. s·. • • • •• Cohan, Mrs. S • • • • • • Cohen, Benny _. • • • • • Cohen, Robert N• • • • • Darmstader, L. and H• • Darmstadter, Elsa ••• Epstein, ..Andrew J. • • • �----, UNITED JEWISH CHARITIES YEAR 1947-48 PLEDGES SCHEDULE A-1 5.92 ).00 ~.13 ).00 ).00 ).00 1.00 ~ 1.00 1.00 .oo .oo .oo .oo .oo .oo .oo ,00 ,00 ,00 ,00 .00 00 00 00 05 . J . . . . • • • $ 100.00 . . . . . . . . • . . 200.00 . . . . . . . . . 100.00 . . . . . . . . . • 500.00 . . . . 215.00 . . . . . . . .• . 500.00 . . . . . . . . • 500.00 . . . . . . . . • 500.00 . . . 2,000.00 . . . . . . • • •• 300.00 . . . . . . . .. .. .. 100.00 100.00 . . . . . . . . • 50.00 . . . . . . . . . 300.00 . . . . . . . . . 2,500.00 . .. 400.00 . . . . . . .• •. 300.00 50.00 . . . . . . •• •• •• 35.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.00 . . . . . • • 10.00 300.00 100.00 . . . . .. .. .. .• 1,500.00 . . . . . .• • •• 101 .00 . . . . . • 25.00 600.00 .... . . . . . . .• 50.00 .... . . . .• •• 36.50 25.00 . . . . . . . . . • 300.00 . . . . . . . • 25.00 . . . .. . .. 100.00 . . . . . . . •• 25.00 Adler, Harold .. • • Aron, Louis . Aron, Sylvia •• Aron, Tony •• .• Ashendorf, Isadore. . . . Ashendorf, Jacob • Ashendorr, Max •• Ashendorf, Mrs. S. August, Dr. and Mrs. R. • • Baru, Stanley . • Baru, Rose. ... Baru, Elaine and David. .. Berman, Gene. .. Berman, Harry H•• Berman, Harry S. . Berman, Louis M. • . . . • Berman, Reuben • . • Bernstein, Mr. and Mrs. M••• Bess, Marcus • • . Billings, A. Bolthouse, Anthony. . Braverman, f~r. and Ers. H. • Broutman, Nathan • • Benderoff, I':"i r. and Mrs. S. M. Cane, Dr. S. H. .. Cane, David M. .. .. Cherin, Robert and Jerome Cherin, Hrs. Robert . Cherin, Mrs. Jerome • • Cherin, Rochelle. • • .. Cohan, Dr. S. • Cohan, Mrs. S. • . . Cohen, Benny. • • Cohen, Robert N. . • . . • Darmstader, L. and H. Darmstadter, Elsa . . . • Epstein, .Andrew J. • • . • . . . . ~ • • • • • . ... • 600.00 50.00 250.00 -- --~ ---. �UNITED JEWISH CHARITIES YEAR 1947-48 PLEDGES .. ... . . . . . . .• .• . . . .. .. .. .• . . . .• . . . . .... ... .. . . .• .• . . •• ........ .• •... . . . . . . .• .. .• . . ... . . . .. .. .. .. . .. ... .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. •• . . . . •• • . .• .... . . . . . . . .. .. . . ... ... . .. . . ... .... ... . ...... . ... ... ...• . . . . . . .• .. .. .. .• .. .....•.• . . . . . . . .• . .• . .... . . . . . .. .. .. ...... . . . . . . . .• .• ... • .... ...•...• . . . .. .. .. . . .. ... .. . . Fine, Francis • • • Fine, Blanche • • Fine, Andy • . • Fisher, Harry, J. and B. Fisher, Mrs. B. Fisher, James A. Fisher, Sally and Marilyn Fleishman, Dr. N. • • Fleishman, ,:rs. N. Fogel, Mr. and Mrs. M. Fogel, Mr. and Mrs. w. Fogel, Mary • Friedenberg, Dr. M. L. Friedman, Hyman R. Friend, Maurice Galombeck, Warner Galombeck, Martha • Golden, Maurice W. Golden, Mrs. w. • Goldman, Bennie Grossman, Herman Grossman, Sadie . Gudelsky, Oscar Gudelsky, David Hecht, J. Hecht, Mrs. J. • Hughes and Hatcher, Inc. Jacobs, Meyer Jacobs, Molly • Jacobson, l\'Ir. and Mrs. s. Kantor, Morris Kaplan, naurice M. • Kaufman, J. K. • • Kaufman, Lillian • Kaufman, Richard Kaufmen, Gordon • Kelin, Dr. Marie • Klayf, Samuel G. • • Kline,. Harold • Klitzner, Rabbi J._ UNITED JEWISH YEAR 1947-48 $ 500.00 50.00 36.50 5,000.00 100.00 10.00 50.00 50.00 37.00 50.00 100.00 73.00 500.00 100 ..00 300.00 10.00 10.00 800.00 100.00 10.00 1,000.00 , 1,000.00 250.00 250.00 JOO.OD 100.00 · 500.00 30.00 5.00 200.00 300.00 10.00 6,000.00 336.00 100.00 100.00 25.00 300.00 100.00 30..00 ... .. .. ... ... Kositchek, Milton • Ko zen, Mil ton Komiss, Ben • Krause, Edward H. • Lahr, Harry Lebow, Max Lebow, Sophia Levine, Mr. and Mrs. Levine, Jerome D. Levy, Reuben Lipman, Hyman Lipman, Jack . Lipman, Edith • Lipman, Sam Locke, Chas. Larson, Leo Mendelsohn,. Herman Hiller, Al. • Newmark, Mrs. Ben Neumer, Ted Oppenheim, Ben Price Family Price, Mrs. Sam Rapaport, J. c. • Roberts, Barney Roden, Israel Rodoff, Mr. and Mrs. Chase, Raleigh L. Rogers, Lyle • Rogers, Sylvia Rose, Leo Rosen, Mrs. Douglas Rosen, Herold Rosen, Leo S. Rosen, Florence Rosenbaum, Sam D. Rosenberg, Max Rosenberg, Robert Rosenberg, Rose • Rosenberg, Suzanne • ... ... . . .. . .... M. . . . . .. .. .. .... ....• • . ... ..... .• . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . ..... . .. . . . . •• . . . . . . .... .. . .. .. .• . .. .. F... .. .. .. .. . .. . . . . .... . • ... ...... .. . .. .. C ... . . •• . ... .. ' ' ' ' �UNITED JEWISH CHARITIES YEAR l 2£t1=!t8 PLEDGES .00 .00 .50 .00 .00 1.00 i.00 1. 00 . ... . . . . . . . . .• .• . .. . .. . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . .• .• • . . . . . . .. ..• .. ..... .. ....• . . . .. ... . . ... .... • .. ......• . . . . . . .. ...... . . . . . . . .• . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .• .• •• . . . . .• ..• .• . .... . .. . . ... . • . • ... . ..... . .. . ... . . • .... ..• • . ....• .. . . .. .. .. .. ... .•. ... ..• . .. ... ... .. ... ... ... .. .• . . . . . .. .. .. .. ..• .• . . . . . . • •• . .. ... . .. ....... . . . . . . •. ......••• . .... . . .....• .. ... Kositchek, Milton • Kozen, Milton . Komiss, Ben • . Krause, Edward H. Lahr, Harry . Lebow, Max Lebow, Sophia . Levine, Mr . and Mrs. M. Levine, Jerome D. Levy, Reuben Lipman, Hyman • Lipman, Jack • • Lipman, Edith • . Lipman, Sam . • • Locke, Chas. Larson, Leo Mendelsohn~- Herman . . . . . . Hiller , Al. • . . Newmark, Mrs. Ben • Neumer, Ted Oppenheim, Ben. Price Family. Price, Mrs. Sam • Rapaport, J.C. • Roberts, Barney • Roden, Israel Rodoff, Mr . and Mrs. F. • . Chase, Raleigh L. Rogers, Lyle Rogers, Sylvia. .. Rose, Leo Rosen, Mrs. Douglas . Rosen, Herold • .. Rosen, Leo S. Rosen, Florence . Rosenbaum, Sam D. • Rosenberg, Max Rosenberg, Robert • Rosenberg, Rose • • • Rosenberg, Suzanne. • • I I ~ . I . oo .oo .oo .oo .oo .oo .oo I r I J ~ I ,00 ,00 ,00 ,00 ,00 ,00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 I t I I r I I I I i ,I j DO )0 )0 )0 )0 )0 )0 )0 10 10 ) I , 25,00 25.00 20.00 250.00 35.00 500.00 25.00 50.00 10.00 75.00 3,000.00 75.00 36.50 3,000.00 50.00 15.00 50.00 25.00 25,00 1,750.00 50,00 1,500.00 100.00 100.00 25.00 100.00 300.00 10.00 500.00 25.00 100.00 10.00 1,000.00 1,500.00 100.00 200.00 1,250.00 200.00 36.50 $ ~ 10.00 " ~ ~ -~-,.:'..A -- ___.._ =[ f 1 i ' ~ .---.. �UNITED JEWTSH CHARITIES YEAR 1947-48 PLEDGES . .. .. .. ... ... .• .. ... .• • .. ....... ....... Rosenberg, Seymour I. Rubinsky, Chas. Rubinsky, Linda ' Rubinsky, Florence • Schult z, Dr. Leonard Schult z, Marilyn Schubb , Max . Shmookl er, Abe Shmookler, Rebecca • • Shumacher, Leah Shumacher , Ha.x • Shumacher, Iilr. and Mrs. s. Silver man, Harold Silverman, Sol Simcoe, Ed Simon, Joe Singer, Joe Singer, Sam J. Singer, Rose Smit h, Chas. • • Smith, Mrs. Chas. Smith, Ely Smith, Mrs. Ely Stein, Nr. and Mrs. F. • Steindler, Milton Steindler, Frances Steindler, Mr. and Hrs. J. Ster n, V:i l liam • Strifling, Joe s. Strifling, Syd. • Hamilton Apts. Smith, Saul Teles, Dr. M. Tesslar, s. J. Toy, Dr. Chas. Vandervoort, Mrs. P. lA. Weiner, Josiah • Weiner, . Mrs. J. Weiner, Paul Whitman, T. M. Total .... .... ....... . . . .. . . . . . . . . • •• . ... .•• . . . . . . . •. . . •• .. .. . . . . .. . . .. .. .. .. .. ... .... .....• ..... . . . . . . . • .. .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. • ... ... . . . . . . . . . •. .... . . . . . . .. .. .. ... .. . . . • .• ... ... ..... .... ... . ...... . . . . ... .. . . . . . . . . . .• .... .. .. . . . . . • . .• .......... ........... ... ... . . . • $ 100.00 100.00 25.00 75.00 25.00 50.00 100.00 2,000.00 100.00 50.00 250.00 25.00 1,000.00 500.00 50.00 100.00 50 .00 300.00 15.00 500.00 50.00 500.00 10.00 500.00 500.00 50.00 100.00 750.00 3,500.00 100.00 1,000.00 25.00 100.00 25.00 50.00 2.00 1,000.00 236.50 15,000_.oo 25.00 !76!776;50 .l. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Temple B'nai Israel Collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Temple B'nai Israel (Muskegon, Mich.) Description An account of the resource Collection of photographs, scrapbooks, programs, minutes, and other records of the Temple B'nai Israel in Muskegon, Michigan. The collection was created as part of the L'dor V'dor project directed by Dr. Marilyn Preston, and was supported by grants from the Kutsche Office of Local History and Michigan Humanities Council. Original materials were digitized by the University Libraries and returned to the synagogue. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digital objects were contributed by Temple B'nai Israel as part of the L'dor V'dor project. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Jews--United States Muskegon (Mich.) Scrapbooks Synagogues Women--Societies and clubs Minutes (Records) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Allendale, Michigan Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Preston, Marilyn Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Relation A related resource L'dor V'dor (project) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-08 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Text Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Circa 1920s-2018 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-08_BI-UJCGM-AR_1947-1948 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource United Jewish Charities of Greater Muskegon Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1947/1948 Title A name given to the resource Eighth Annual Report: United Jewish Charities of Greater Muskegon Description An account of the resource Eighth Annual Report: United Jewish Charities of Greater Muskegon, 1947-1948. Subject The topic of the resource Jews--United States Muskegon (Mich.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digital file contributed by the B'nai Israel Temple as part of the L'dor V'dor project. Relation A related resource L'dor V'dor (project) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/3e7f0cb81df4ad7f8c26e1a41aa6b017.jpg 044f567b147d20d46854e345640272ad Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EilolaWilliam Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Eilola, William Description An account of the resource William Eilola, Admissions Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College administrators Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/72a3488884dbe282815498fbfb1c1a63.jpg 6fb61e7567e212bb49fe497a11a1d288 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/18274c22d07948be0b011c8fb10daff1.jpg 446f2727c66557fa521610d0dbb856bd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Insel-Bücherei Series Description An account of the resource The German publishing company Insel Verlag was founded in 1899 by Anton Kippenberg in Leipzig. In its early years the firm only printed expensive, beautifully-produced volumes, until demand led to the publication of the more modest Insel-Bücherei series in 1912. Relatively inexpensive but with the same careful sense of design and typography, these smaller-format books reprinted shorter works from a variety of German, European, and world authors. The series numbers considerably more than a thousand titles and is still being issued. The Digital Collection contains the scanned covers of 140 titles held by Grand Valley State University Libraries. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1904-1987 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books Collection Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Book covers Covers (Illustration) Graphic arts Publishers and publishing Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-05 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource ger Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-09-29 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-05_IB0195 Title A name given to the resource Ein Winteridyll Subject The topic of the resource Book covers Covers (Illustration) Graphic arts Publishers and publishing Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</A> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1927 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-09-29 Description An account of the resource Cover of Ein Winteridyll, by Karl Stieler, published by Insel-Verlag, 1927. Insel-Bücherei Nr. 195 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seidman Rare Books. Insel-Bücherei. Z315.I5 B83 no.195 Language A language of the resource de Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c5fadf0331b977a1a1905a3873635689.m4v 55e8f135c75d055ffb189f626e3250f5 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/732f273e05d72f42d6005de727d455f4.pdf cd44038d80d13e18ab2e501c1b4a1e45 PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans’ History Project Norris Einertson Cold War (Pre-Vietnam); Vietnam War; Cold War (Post-Vietnam) 28 minutes 3 seconds *Note: Times in the outline correspond with the timecode on the interview (01:12:13) Early Life -Born on August 6, 1930, near Westbrook, Minnesota -Lived in Minnesota for three years during seminary -Spent 24 years on the family farm before going to college -Ultimately returned to Minnesota after 29 years of active duty in the Army -Helped his father on the farm because his father wasn‟t ready to retire -Felt the call to the ministry after graduating from high school -Waited six years before going to college -Attended Luther Seminary in St. Paul, Minnesota -Part of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (01:14:22) Serving with the 1st Infantry Division -First assignment was with the 1st Infantry Division based out of Fort Riley, Kansas -Served with division artillery for 20 months -Transferred to the 2nd Battalion of the 16th Infantry battle group -Sent to West Germany for seven months -Stationed at Wildflecken, about ten miles from the East German border -Watching the East German and Russian movements -Returned to Fort Riley and he was assigned to support command -Served with the 1st Infantry again in Germany as the division chaplain from 1976-1978 (01:16:08) Tour in Vietnam -Served in the Mekong River Delta with the 34th Engineer Group -Had two combat engineer battalions and three construction battalions -Operated in all of IV Corps (southernmost area of South Vietnam) -Viet Cong were the primary belligerents in the region -Worked with the 9th Infantry Division in My Tho -34th Engineer Group was based out of Can Tho -Stayed with the same unit for his entire tour -Didn‟t see a lot of combat -Had some alerts at night -Grabbed his flak jacket and his helmet and went to the closest bunker (01:17:45) Chaplain’s Advanced Course & Stationed at Fort Ord -Went to the Chaplain‟s Advanced Course after his tour in Vietnam -Sent to Fort Ord, California, after completing the Chaplain‟s Advanced Course -His first assignment was to help deal with riots happening on base �-That assignment lasted seven months -Worked at the personnel control facility (akin to a jail) -Had 1,000 men on record as being held in the facility -Did body counts to account for the men at the facility -Lucky to account for 600 men, the rest were AWOL st -Transferred to the 1 Combat Training Brigade after the personnel control facility (00:19:51) Chaplain’s School -Sent to the Chaplain‟s School as part of the staff and faculty -Sent as a writer and worked as the chief of reserve components (01:21:11) Stationed at Fort Gordon -Sent to Fort Gordon, Georgia -Stationed there for four years -Started as the deputy post chaplain -Promoted to colonel and became the post chaplain (01:21:38) Stationed in Washington D.C. -During his time at Fort Gordon, the Army chief of chaplains met with Norris -Wanted him to come work at the office in Washington D.C. -Norris declined, then 15 months later the chief of chaplains asked again -Norris agreed and relocated to Washington D.C. -Worked as the executive officer in the chief‟s office in Washington D.C. -It was a good job -Saw how the chaplaincy worked from a command level (01:22:44) Chief of Chaplains -Promoted to brigadier general on December 1, 1985 -Promoted to major general and became chief of chaplains on July 1, 1986 -Worked closely with other parts of the Army staff -Defending personnel resources from spending cuts -Grew the chaplaincy by 100 chaplains over the course of his four years as chief -Always striving to keep the Chaplain Corps happy -Enjoyed his time as chief of chaplains (01:26:24) Life after Service -After he left the Army he became a pastor -It felt strange to do assignments that he didn‟t feel met his strengths -In the Army, someone better suited to the task could have done it -As a pastor, he was on his own (01:28:45) Transitions in the Army -During his time as the chief of chaplains the Army was going through a transitional period -Early retirements -Change in policies -Rebuilding the Army‟s morale after the Vietnam War -He worked to restore the proper attitude toward the military within the military -Saw firsthand the lack of morale and discipline in Germany in the „70s -Army had started to recover from Vietnam in the late „70s, but still had work to do �(01:30:45) Drugs & Race Relations -Noticed drugs were becoming a problem in the late 1960s and early 1970s -Dealt with soldiers that had drug problems -Replaced those soldiers with older, married men, and the drug problem disappeared -Replaced those older soldiers with young soldiers, and the drugs returned -Race relations were also tense during the 1960s and 1970s -The chaplains tried to maintain fairness -Race relations improved after Vietnam and the civil unrest of that time -First African-American chief of chaplains succeeded Norris -Chaplains were key in the Army‟s “Garden Plot” -Plan to restore order in cities after significant civil disorder -Reaction to the race riots in Watts, Newark, and Detroit -Army looked to the chaplaincy during times of crisis -Helping with the drug problem, race relations, and family counselling -Drugs were a problem at Fort Ord and he worked with the medical staff to deal with it (01:35:00) Changes in Chaplain Practices -Chaplaincy worked on making religious accommodations for soldiers of specific beliefs -For example, creating specialized rations for certain religious groups -Jewish, Muslim, and Seventh-day Adventist soldiers -These changes in the Army prompted changes in other branches of the military (01:38:05) Fondest Memory -He considers his fondest memory to be when he decided to become a pastor -Wanted to serve as a chaplain, and became one in 1961 -Chance to connect with veterans in the church -Better way to help men <Tape ends before the interview is complete> � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27_EinertsonN2058V Title A name given to the resource Einertson, Norris L (Interview outline and video), 2016 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-10-27 Description An account of the resource Norris Einertson was born on August 6, 1930, near Westbrook, Minnesota. He studied at the Luther Seminary in St. Paul, Minnesota, and became a chaplain in the Army in 1961. His first assignment was at Fort Riley, Kansas, where he served with the division artillery for 20 months. Norris was reassigned to the 2nd Battalion of the 16th Infantry Regiment and served at Wildflecken, Germany, for seven months. He returned to Fort Riley and was assigned to support command. His next duty was a year-long tour in Vietnam with the 34th Engineer Group based out of Can Tho in the Mekong River Delta. He returned to the United States and attended the Chaplain's Advanced Course then served at Fort Ord, California. He went on to serve at Fort Gordon, Georgia, and eventually became the post chaplain then went to Washington D.C. to serve as the executive officer in the chief of chaplains' office. Norris was promoted to brigadier general on December 1, 1985, then became the chief of chaplains on July 1, 1986. He served for four years as the chief of chaplains, then retired from the Army. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Einertson, Norris L. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Keizer, Herman Jr. (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American United States. Army Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project collection, (RHC-27)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries. Allendale, Michigan Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/x-m4v application/pdf https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/9d9bb883bd03697548903d009236b5ea.mp4 57686d7c23bcc14ee76efa9a9c71cf5e https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b5e0c9ca2dfbed7823fdb599199ba13d.pdf a1f140491c00b6038da6b86ea0101ec0 PDF Text Text Grand Valley State University Veterans History ProjectWorld War II Albert Eitel (57:03) Background Information (00:10)             Born in Scottsdale, Nebraska, on December 25th 1926. (00:14) At the age of 4 in 1928 he and his parents moved to Flint, Michigan. The parents moved to work for General Motors. (00:30) In 1944 his father retired. He did not lose his job during the Depression. (1:00) He had 5 other siblings. (1:30) He attended high school but did not graduate because he enlisted at the age of 17 prior to his graduation. (1:45) Albert was familiar with the conflicts in Europe but he did not have any idea of the conflicts occurring in the Pacific. (2:12) Albert heard of Pearl Harbor during church on a Sunday afternoon. (2:28) Most young people Albert knew were very anxious to serve in the war. (3:35) Albert enlisted in the Navy on May 2nd 1944 at age 17. (4:30) He had an older brother in the Air Force. (5:12) After enlisted the men were required to have a physical done in Detroit Michigan. (6:05) Albert was sent to Great Lakes Naval Base for his basic training. (6:23) Basic Training (6:30)          Training entailed rigorous physical exercises. (6:50) Discipline was highly emphasized. (7:25) Most of the men Albert trained with were from the mid west area of the U.S. (7:55) After completing his basic training Albert was sent to Camp Bradford, Virginia, where the men practiced landings in LSTs. (8:16) At this time (November 1944) Albert was also being trained on the twin 40mm guns. (9:25) Albert was at Camp Bradford for several weeks. (9:49) The men were allowed to leave the base while at Camp Bradford on a weekend pass. (10:19) After his training at Camp Bradford, Albert was sent back to Great Lakes Naval Base in Illinois for several weeks. At this time the men were training as a crew. (11:05) He was sent by train to Southern Indiana to pick up the ship he would serve on, an LST. The ship was than sailed down the Mississippi to New Orleans Louisiana. (11:19) Voyage to the Pacific (11:30)     At this time Albert was a Seaman First Class, Deck hand. (11:45) It took approx 1 week to travel down the Mississippi River. When arriving in New Orleans the men were given leave. (12:40) The civilians in New Orleans treated the men very kindly. (13:00) The first captain of Albert’s ship was only about 45 years old. His second captain however had been in the navy for about 30 years and was much older. (13:50) �      When in the Gulf of Mexico the men did more practice on guns and running the ship. (14:35) The ship traveled through the Panama Cannel. (15:08) There were about 2-3 LSTs with Albert’s ship while crossing the Pacific. (16:11) The travel across the pacific had bad weather. The LST was tossed around. Half the crew got sick. (17:40) LCTs (a small landing craft) were chained down on the deck of the LST. (18:40) There was an initiation for the Pollywogs (new sailors) to Shell Backs (experienced sailor) after crossing the equator. (19:45) Service in the Pacific (21:30)         The ship first stopped at the New Hebrides Islands in the South Pacific. (21:48) Albert took a journal in spite of the fact that sailors were not supposed to keep one. He did this by using the back of the log on the ship that was intended for recording when excess batteries were last charged. (22:48) He was given the job of assistant to the Storage Keeper. Albert was also given the title Store Keeper Third Class in early 1945. (23:40) He recalls that water and fuel were picked up at one location, tanks and men were picked up at another island and then they were dropped at yet another island. (25:07) Over all, the men were traveling to the Philippians. (26:05) After some fights (such as that at Manila Bay) in the morning, sunken ships could be seen after the battle. (27:23) Manila had been heavily bombed when Albert arrived there. (27:58) Albert did contact the civilians in the Philippines. These civilians were at time used to acquire intelligence. (28:22) Service after Surrender (29:59)           Albert was in the small village of San Fernando in the Philippines when he heard of the end of the war in August of 1945. (30:25) They did not tell the men of the Atomic bomb, only the Japanese surrender. (30:58) On September 20th 1945 the ship was in Okinawa. (31:57) On September 24th 1945 the ship docked in Korea. Albert thought the weather was cold. (32:54) There were still Japanese Soldiers in Korea. They were not unkind to the American Soldiers. (33:50) After the war ended the ship’s primarily task was to ferry soldiers back to their home country. This included Japanese and Chinese soldiers. (34:30) Albert talked with these soldiers. They did not wish to talk about their service but they were very smart. (35:20) The ship also carried captured Japanese civilians in China back to Japan. (37:38) Albert met Chinese people, but because they did not know English, communicating was difficult. (38:10) Once while going ashore to get mail in French Indochina, Albert was required to take with him an armed guard. (39:05) Life in Service (40:10) �        He remembers the culture shock of seeing a society that had only huts to live in and did not regularly wear shoes. (40:20) For actives aboard ship most men played cards and occasionally watched a movie. After the war was over the men had beer on board the ship. (41:38) The food aboard ship was good. (42:20) When the men were aloud off the ship, the men were typically aloud of at night and had to be back on the ship by 12 AM at the latest. (43:40) Albert received mail approx every 5-6 days if they were by a larger island. (45:40) While scanning the horizon the men often spotted Japanese mines. These were hit and destroyed from several miles away. (46:45) Sighting of Japanese aircraft was frequent. (47:46) While the ship was at sea near Okinawa there was a typhoon that lasted about 4 days. (49:23) End of Service (49:54)    The trip back to San Francisco, California, took about 40 days. (50:00) Once arriving in California, the men were placed in a camp and given a few days leave. When he came back he was placed on a train to Great Lakes Naval Base Illinois. (50:55) Albert was discharged at Great Lakes Naval Base in approx 1946. (52:00) Life after Service (52:05)      He attended Baker Business College in Flint, Michigan, and received a business degree after 1 year. (52:15) He began work as a truck driver. (52:40) He owned a party store for 30 years. (53:40) Albert’s service was a good educating experience. (54:50) At times his service was frightening. (56:35) � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Veterans History Project Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. History Department Description An account of the resource The Library of Congress established the Veterans History Project in 2001 to collect memories, accounts, and documents of U.S. war veterans from World War II and the Korean War, Vietnam War, and conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, and to preserve these stories for future generations. The GVSU History Department interviews are part of this work-in-progress, and may contain videos and audio recordings, transcripts and interview outlines, and related documents and photographs. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Afghan War, 2001--Personal narratives, American Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Personal narratives, American Korean War, 1950-1953--Personal narratives, American Michigan--History, Military Oral history Persian Gulf War, 1991--Personal narratives, American United States--History, Military United States. Air Force United States. Army United States. Navy Veterans Video recordings Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James Boring, Frank Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-27 Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project interviews (RHC-27)</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Eitel, Albert (Interview outline and video), 2011 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Eitel, Albert Description An account of the resource Albert Eitel, born in Nebraska in 1926, served in the U.S. Navy from 1944 to 1946 in the Pacific theater during World War II. Albert enlisted at the age of 17. He did basic training at Great Lakes Naval Base in Illinois, and then trained on LSTs at Camp Bradford, Virginia. He then joined the crew of a new LST at its shipyard in southern Indiana and sailed with her to the Pacific, where he participated in the campaign in the Philippines. Albert started out as a deck hand, but soon became a storekeeper. After the Japanese surrender in August 1945, the ship spent several months ferrying Japanese and Chinese soldiers from Korea, China and Indochina back to their home countries. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smither, James (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Veterans History Project (U.S.) United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Veterans Video recordings United States. Navy World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2011-04-26 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EitelA1114V Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/455">Veterans History Project Collection, (RHC-27)</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf video/mp4 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/53f9f76d29e964f2944d28fc73cca0d5.jpg 52e2e2bf1b32fd9ac230d492926956f5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EitzenLeslie_Photo01 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Eitzen, Leslie Description An account of the resource Leslie Eitzen, Music Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College teachers Universities and colleges – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/6cb1b7f7e173969bcaa158b14c35f808.jpg 4bf5a6cde0adeed7e40e0a4ee56fef03 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EitzenLeslie_Photo02 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Eitzen, Leslie Description An account of the resource Leslie Eitzen, Music Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College teachers Universities and colleges – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/dbe09eae654e1202b197b8c986e6d8cd.jpg 62b9214a7e75d27b4794515ad5f2f398 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EitzenLeslie_Photo03 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Eitzen, Leslie Description An account of the resource Leslie Eitzen, Music Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College teachers Universities and colleges – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/67a2fc6d9be9b201347929070ee1ebec.jpg 130e9be02688029d06bb54e01c5f4805 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_B060-0029 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1961-07-25 Title A name given to the resource Ekster's Paint & Wallpaper, Holland Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph featuring the storefront for "Benjamin Moore Paints" in Holland, Michigan, as taken on July 25, 1961. In the photograph, cans of paint are stacked and featured in the store windows of the corner store. Photograph by Douglas R. Gilbert. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Holland (Mich.) Central business districts Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/78307030436750d52f6d64fffcf50fd8.jpg 57970fd2086ccfde643df1521ecf6ab6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource GVSU Concert & Event Posters Subject The topic of the resource Posters Events Michigan Universities & colleges--Michigan Description An account of the resource Division of Student Services provides programs, services, and environments that enhance the personal, social, and intellectual growth of undergraduate and graduate students at the University. Events including concerts were managed by the office of Student Life. Posters for music, speakers, poetry readings and other campuswide events are included. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Division of Student Services Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/106">Student Services concerts, events, and posters files, (GV028-06)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-07-17 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV028-06 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1963 – 1981 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV028-06_Chicano Title A name given to the resource El Chicano, June 3, 1973 Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University Grand Valley State College Michigan Allendale (Mich.) Universities & colleges--Michigan Events Posters Description An account of the resource El Chicano, in the GVSC Fieldhouse, sponsored by La Lucha Student Activities Mid-Michigan Consortium, June 3, 1973 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1973 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/106">Student Services concerts, events, and posters files, (GV028-06)</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b2530151eed403766866e390c021f20e.jpg bd589ef0f3689fbd47113c5a161fad5f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert H. Merrill photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909/1950 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-222 Description An account of the resource Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Merrill_LS00225 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1930 Title A name given to the resource El Pendo cave 1930 Description An account of the resource Black and white lantern slide of a group of men near the entrance of El Pendo Cave. Subject The topic of the resource Lantern slides Archaeology Spain Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/cb8d404ab9c806b773d809fa6993162d.jpg 039383376f53483c8f7fc90220dc374a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert H. Merrill photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909/1950 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-222 Description An account of the resource Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Merrill_FilmPacks_V_24_010 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1939-05-02 Title A name given to the resource El Tovar Hopi Buffalo dance Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of Hopi dancers performing the Buffalo dance. Five performers are visible, with four people dancing and one person sitting and playing a drum. A crowd of people are visible behind the Hopi dancers sitting and watching the Buffalo dance. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Canyon National Park Hopi dance Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/540feab38ad32a666b224d381c2eddd7.jpg 7c9fba68d9e4ee2f376db548bfd71bef Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert H. Merrill photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909/1950 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-222 Description An account of the resource Photographs, negatives, and lantern slides digitized from the papers of engineer and archaeologist Robert H. Merrill. A Grand Rapids native, Merrill held an accomplished career as a civil engineer. He founded the company Spooner & Merrill, which held offices in Grand Rapids and Chicago. From 1919-1921, Merrill lived in China, working as Assistant Principal Engineer on a reconstruction of the Grand Canal - the oldest and longest canal system in the world. Merrill became fascinated by archaeology, and among other projects, he traveled to the Uxmal Pyramids in Yucatan, Mexico, with a research expedition from Tulane University. Merrill's photo collection includes images of his travels and projects, friends and family. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Merrill_FilmPacks_V_24_011 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1939-05-02 Title A name given to the resource El Tovar Hopi Hoop dance Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of Hopi dancers performing the Hoop dance. Three performers are visible in the center of the frame. One person is playing a drum, with one person on either side of him. One performer is partially visible in the front of the image performing the Hoop dance. A group of people are visible behind the performers watching the Hoop dance in front of a stone building. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Canyon National Park Hopi dance Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Robert H. Merrill papers (RHC-222) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Merrill, Robert H., 1881-1955 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/872ac31a1759c700779820c03bdb6e62.pdf b7265ba1b3c44c5295b1827efbffdc2a PDF Text Text Young Lords In Lincoln Park Interviewee: Elaine Brown Interviewer: Jose Jimenez Location: Grand Valley State University Special Collections Date: 5/10/2013 Runtime: 01:00:07 Biography and Description Oral history of Elaine Brown, interviewed by Jose “Cha-Cha” Jimenez on May 10, 2013 about the Young Lords in Lincoln Park. "The Young Lords in Lincoln Park" collection grows out of decades of work to more fully document the history of Chicago's Puerto Rican community which gave birth to the Young Lords Organization and later, the Young Lords Party. Founded by Mr. José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez, the Young Lords became one of the premier struggles for international human rights. Where thriving church congregations, social and �political clubs, restaurants, groceries, and family residences once flourished, successive waves of urban renewal and gentrification forcibly displaced most of those Puerto Ricans, Mejicanos, other Latinos, working-class and impoverished families, and their children in the 1950s and 1960s. Today these same families and activists also risk losing their history. �Transcript JOSE JIMENEZ: Okay, if you give me your name, date of birth, where you were born. ELAINE BROWN: Not date of birth. Nobody does that. JJ: Okay. Where you were born or something like that. EB: Hi, I’m Elaine Brown. I was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. JJ: Okay. We’ll -- like your family or something like that. Are they all from Philadelphia or...? EB: Well, my mother was born in Philadelphia and my father was -- I don’t know where my father was born because I didn’t really know him. Until I was 13, I never met him, didn’t even know he existed. And he, as it turns out, was a doctor in Philadelphia but had been, you know -- [and?] he was married. And so, my mother was this kind of other woman, you know. And she had this illegitimate child, which was me. JJ: [00:01:00] Were you the only child or...? EB: I was the only child that -- of the two of them as far as I know. He had no children at all and I was actually the only child left in the -- on his side of the family I was the only one -- he was the only one that produced a child. JJ: Okay so you grew up in what part of Philadelphia or...? EB: I grew up in a rough area of North Philadelphia until I was about, I don’t remember, 15 or something. And we moved a lot of places in between but mostly we stayed on -- my address was an address on a street called York 1 �Street. It’s one of the most difficult areas in Philadelphia, and Philadelphia is a very sad city. JJ: What do you mean? Just kinda describe what you mean. EB: It’s sad because where I grew up is very poor and it’s in the city, so there’s no relief. There’s no grass, there’s no trees, there’s no nothing like that. And then at the same time there’s no real entertainment [00:02:00] in Philadelphia, in the sense that you can’t go anywhere. Like in New York, you could at least get out of the hood and go somewhere, but in Philadelphia there’s nowhere to really go. So, you know, you were sorta stuck in the neighborhood and I hated that. I hated the neighborhood. It was rough, there was always a gang fight. You know, you always had to watch back and, you know, this kinda thing. JJ: Okay and then -- EB: Now is this part of thing or you just using it -- JJ: Yeah j -- No, no, no, just part of thing it’s, ’cause it’s an oral history so we just trying to get a little -- EB: Oh, I see. JJ: --little personal there, but not too personal. EB: (yawns) I’m so sorry. JJ: So, whatever you -- EB: I’m gonna stop yawning. JJ: Whatever you want to say. EB: Okay. JJ: Okay. But okay so then you move where when you were 15? 2 �EB: So, you want to know something about my background? JJ: Little bit about your background. EB: Okay. So, a lot of this I wrote about in my book -- JJ: Okay. Yeah. Whatever you want. EB: -- A Taste of Power. [00:03:00] And so, the bottom line of my life as an individual was that I grew up very poor in a house of women, all of whom were very strong and independent and crazy, I would say. My mother, my grandmother, and my aunt, which was my mother’s sister. But by the time I was entering kindergarten I was taken to a very special school for children who were considered smart, or whatever. And my mother was able to finagle that. And most of the children there were Jewish and well to do, from my perspective. So, in the daytime during the school year, during the week, I would go to the little, practically all white, Jewish school and I would be Jewish, in my mind. I’d wanna fit in. And then I realized [0:04:00] I had to go back into the bowels of North Philadelphia. So, by the time I would get back to North Philadelphia, I would be Black. And this caused tremendous conflict for me internally in terms of identity and all that sort of thing. JJ: Okay, so -- EB: I just have to yawn, I’m so sorry. JJ: No, no, that’s not -- EB: You want to turn the camera off? You don’t care. JJ: I know it’s kinda late. It’s gettin’ late. We just did this panel discussion and it’s late. 3 �EB: Oh, God. Just give me a chance. I’m sorry. (yawns) Okay, go ahead. JJ: Do you wanna drink some water or something? EB: No. JJ: Okay. So, during the day you’re Jewish and at night, you Black basically? EB: Right. JJ: And so -- EB: So, I never fit into either world I lived in. I didn’t fit in where the Blacks were, plus I was going -- my mother had me in ballet school, taking piano lessons, which I later [0:05:00] believe -- or when I thought about it later, I realized it was probably my father. My father was a rich -- relatively rich Philadelphia doctor. He was a neurosurgeon. How many Black neurosurgeons? But he had a wife and she never gave him any children, and I was clearly his child because once I saw him, but more than that, his father, I look exactly like this man, but exactly. So, I had a sense that by going to these, you know, ballet lessons and piano lessons I didn’t fit into the hood. And I didn’t fit in where the white kids went to school, so I just was very, very conscious of how alone I was in the world. JJ: And so, you didn’t fit into nobody, basically you’re saying. EB: I never felt that I fit in with the Blacks or with the whites. But I fit in when I was there. As far as they knew, [0:06:00] I fit in. Whatever they were, I was. JJ: But internally you just felt -- EB: Internally I didn’t feel I fit anywhere. And as a result, I felt I fit nowhere. JJ: Okay so now you’re 15 and you moved out of Philadelphia -- EB: No, no, no, no. 4 �JJ: (inaudible) EB: So, when I was 13 or so we moved into the public housing project, which was a step up for us. (laughs) And then we -- JJ: Different part of town or? EB: No, in North Philadelphia. Very close, as a matter fact. And then we moved to an area called Tioga and, um, I can’t remember but we moved a lot after that. Finally, we moved to Germantown which, at that time, was considered a very, very upscale Black area. So, I was so happy we lived there. And that was, like, the year of my graduation from high school. JJ: What high school? EB: [0:07:00] I went to the Philadelphia High School for Girls, which was also a very special school. You had to take aptitude tests, or you had to take an entry level test if you hadn’t gone to a school that was approved or whatever. There was a big competition among the top 10 high schools, and American Girls High was among them. But Central High, which was for boys, was always ahead of Girls High in terms of scoring. Test score and so forth. Okay, I gotta wake up. I’m sorry. JJ: And where did the -- how do you get from Philadelphia to Oakland or -- EB: Well to California -- JJ: -- to California? EB: When I was around 22, I decided that I couldn’t take anymore of Philadelphia. I had one thing that happened that sort of, you know, pushed me over the edge, as it were, was that I had this little Jewish boyfriend when I was 16 [0:08:00] and 5 �I was madly in love with him. And I just knew we were gonna get married, and I had this vision, you know, of us going off into the sunset. You know, one of those kinds of things. And the first thing he did was -- I said I wanted to go to a movie, a walk-in theater ’cause we went to drive-ins all the time. And he said, “No. I can’t go there because I might see someone in my family.” And I thought, “And what?” Because I had become so superficial and so self-absorbed, I didn’t think that it mattered. I thought I was so above the average Black. And he said we couldn’t go because of that. And then later, we went somewhere in his car. He had a Lincoln Town Car. This is a 17-year-old boy. And it was a Friday night and we went by the synagogue where his parents attended. [0:09:00] And they were just letting out. And when he saw that, he goes, “Oh my God, duck.” That one word killed me. And after that, we kinda broke up. And so, I don’t know why I’ve told you this because I’m really getting sleepy. I’m so sorry. I’d almost ask you to do this early in the morning, rather than now, ’cause I’m really sleepy. But what do you wanna do? JJ: Well -- EB: I’m tryin’ to move but I lost my train of thought though, just then. JJ: Well, you said that he said, “duck”. EB: Yeah, no, no. That’s -- I remember the story. I’m talkin’ about where was this coming from? Where was I going with this story? What was the reason I described that to you? Oh, why I left Philadelphia. See I was trying to make the thread, okay. All right, so we sort of separated and then I went to Temple University. And [0:10:00] one day I just heard from him, out of the blue, and he 6 �said, “I’ve been trying to reach you.” And this, and that, and the other. And so, I agreed to meet him, and he wanted to have sex with me. And I thought, “You figure because I’m some Black girl and, you know, that I’m easy and this is how this is gonna go?” So, I said, “I never want to see you again.” And I walked away from and away from school. Then I got a job, and the whole Philadelphia was driving me crazy. Between him, my father, my mother, all these things, and one day I just picked up and went to LA. Because I had an aunt there, but I didn’t really know her that well. One of my mother’s sisters. JJ: Okay, and so you -- What happened after that, after you got to LA? I mean, what did you -- did you get involved in the party right away? EB: No, no, no. I mean, here it was 1965, Watts is blowing up, and [0:11:00] I could care less. You know, I was just in Philadelphia trying to make my way. I mean, in Los Angeles trying to make my way. And eventually I did some really ugly things, that I describe in my book, to survive. I didn’t have any money and so I tried to turn tricks. And eventually I got a guy, like, my neighbor. Literally, I was homeless at the time. I mean, like, for one day. Not like, homeless, but one day. I didn’t know where I really fit in. And that was the day I went and applied for a job at The Pink Pussycat, which was strip club. But I wasn’t -- I was gonna be a cocktail waitress, and so I was. And it was sort of like the bunny clubs in a sense, but we were the pussycats, you know. So, we had, like, a feather boa around our neck and it draped down and then, like a tail. And [0:12:00] when men would -- so anyways, so that’s where I worked. I was only concerned about my own, you know, survival. So, I had nothing to do with the Black Panther Party 7 �at that time. Eventually, I was living in an area called Westwood, which is sort of a UCLA -- well, it’s the hub of where UCLA is. It is very well-to-do, upscale. And I moved in there... I lost the train of thought again. I’m sorry. JJ: (inaudible) EB: I’m really getting sleepy. I don’t know what to tell ya. I just am really punchy, sleepy. JJ: Okay. EB: I know you don’t wanna stop because you had the opportunity to do this. I’m willing to get up early in the morning, get dressed early, but right this moment I can’t even tell you where I was going with that. JJ: Okay. I don’t want to-- EB: Huh? JJ: Yeah, if you can’t... (break in audio) JJ: (inaudible) EB: Yeah, I left Philadelphia because I thought that Philadelphia was a problem in my life. In other words, I decided that the issues of -- the problems of life existed all in Philadelphia. EB: There was [00:13:00] the absence of my father and the knowledge that he was in world but I didn’t know him. And there was this love affair I had with this Jewish boy who caused me to leave Temple University. But then I was there a couple more years. And there was nothing in Philadelphia that made sense to me. All of my history there was depressing for me. But the real deal, you know, as one 8 �finds out later in life, was really my mother. But that’s another conversation. JJ: Bet. But you said somethin’ about he told you to duck or somethin’. EB: Yeah, well that -- well I told you you had to pick up the story from where we wanted. I’m not gonna -- that is not the key story of my life. Okay? JJ: Okay. EB: It’s just a story that defines the -- JJ: I’m sorry. EB: -- racism as I experienced it because I had an illusion about myself, as most Black people do in America. We’re always, as Du Bois says, “We live a dual reality.” We have to live in the white world and we have to live in the Black world, and the white world is the dominant world culturally, economically, socially, politically, in any way. So, we have to either become white [00:14:00] and adapt to being white, or we have to realize that we are living in an inferior parallel universe. And so, at the time, I thought I was, you know, above other Black people. I wasn’t really that Black, and I had this nice little Jewish boyfriend, and so forth. And that was when I was 16, but moving ahead, I ran into him again at Temple University, and that caused me to leave school but that didn’t cause me to leave Philadelphia. There were a number of reasons, as I started to say, and those reasons had to do with my self-imposed idea that Philadelphia was, in and of itself, a problem. The poverty that I grew up with, I detested. I detested myself, and thinking about myself as a person who, I wasn’t sure whether I was Black or white, I -- there wasn’t anything in my life, about me, that I liked. Nothing, zero, and I thought it was Philadelphia. So, if I left Philadelphia, I could 9 �take on a new life [00:15:00] and a new persona. And the place farthest away, that I knew how to get to and had some information about, was Los Angeles. So, I just arbitrarily quit my job one day and I had 300 dollars in a savings account or something, which I thought was a lot of money. After I bought a ticket, it weren’t JJ: What kind of work were you doing? EB: I was working at the Philadelphia Electric Company or something, as a clerk. You know, nothing. I was drifting. My life was not mine. I did not have an identity. I didn’t have a sense of myself, and what I did have a sense of, I hated. And so, I couldn’t get out of me, you know. So, if you can just run and not look in the mirror, and that’s how I felt, you know, that I was not happy with the person that I was. And I really didn’t even know who I was in terms of anything. I was completely confused about myself and, more importantly, I didn’t wanna be me. [00:16:00] But I didn’t have an idea of who I did wanna be, so I just adapted it, adopted other people’s things and adapted to whatever there was out there. So, I didn’t have a plan. I didn’t have anything. And of course, I had a family that, you know, sort of my whole life lead to that. I didn’t have a place to be. I didn’t fit in with the Blacks, as I talked about, I didn’t fit in with the whites, and I didn’t like either one anyway. And I didn’t like me, so really, it was running from me to Los Angeles. And I thought I could sort of shed whatever I was and somehow magically become some new person that I would like, or even -- I couldn’t imagine how could like themselves. I mean, you have no idea as to the level of self-hatred that I lived under for the first 25 years of my life, or less, little less. 10 �And when I got to Los Angeles, I just went there on a lark. I got a hotel room, I had no money, and then it occurred to me after about a week -- and I --[00:17:00] the first or second night, I met some old guy and he offered me some money. And I gave him the sex, he didn’t give me the money, right? (laughter) EB: And then he set me up with somebody else and it was the same kind of deal it was this -- (inaudible) Actually, I talk about this in my book. When I look back on it, I don’t even know who that person was, and I feel so sorry for her, meaning me. I was so vulnerable because I had nothing of myself that mattered, you know. So, when I, you know, I just drifted around and I had no money at all. And eventually, I got a job selling books door-to-door, and then I moved in with these girls into this house. And we were kinda frivolous, we were young, and we just spent the money on drinking and carrying on. I didn’t even know them, we just worked together in this crazy place which eventually became part of [00:18:00] a cult. I can’t remember the guy’s name or not, if I could think of it right now, I’d tell ya. But anyway, it became some sort of a new-age thing that people were doing at the time and they were, you know... But this sales piece was out of that, I mean, in other words he was really just selling an idea then. But anyway, so, in the course of things, I ran into this little hippie guy who’s on acid every day. But he gave me a place to live because we were kicked out of that house, and I didn’t have any money, and have any place to live, and I didn’t have a job. And he suggested I work at this place called The Pink Pussycat, just because he was a person that just hung out in the world. He was a street guy for (inaudible) oneroom apartment. And he was always on -- either smoking weed or whatever. 11 �And he took me down -- I didn’t even have an ID and I didn’t have an address. So, when I went for this job, it really was a reflection of who I was. I didn’t exist, really, you know, and that’s how I felt about myself. [00:19:00] I didn’t exist. I was, like, watching a movie and I wasn’t sure who I was in the movie. Or I wasn’t even in the movie, it was a movie of other things. And the horror of that is, when left alone, I didn’t have a movie. Do you know what I mean? In other words -So, I realize this is not a psychological journey, but it is a part of what motivates you to do things. And so, I wasn’t motivated, I was just drifting. And so, I landed in this job at The Pink Pussycat, and because I was the only black there, I was sorta popular. And I wasn’t too black if you know what I mean, like Obama’s not too black. And so, I went to The Pink Pussycat and within a couple of weeks I met this very rich white man, older man. He had come into the club with Frank Sinatra. The place had become very, very popular. And I was a cocktail waitress in false everything and, you know, sucked up this, and pushed out that, and, you know, everything, high heels, and just, you know, one step from being a ho. (laughter) EB: Well, maybe not even one step, but anyway. [00:20:00] And so, this guy, who was 55 and I was 22, said -- They took me to a party at Frank Sinatra’s house because, as I said, I was drifting. Okay, I’m going to a party at Frank Sinatra’s house, yeah. (laughs) And I thought they were taking me there as sort or like a prize, and I’d get maybe a 500-dollar tip. ’Cause we made a lot of money in the club, right. Even then, it was a lot of money. It’d be a lot of money today, almost, a 500-dollar tip. But it wasn’t something we couldn’t imagine, you know. A 100- 12 �dollar tip was pretty common, but 500... So, I figure I’m gonna make 500, 1000 bucks by just showing up and taking off my little coat, and there I’d have the little Pink Pussycat outfit on. But as it turned out, it wasn’t a big party. It was just this guy, and Frank Sinatra, and this guy named Jack Entratter, who was owner of the Sands Hotel, which was part of that whole mafia chain of hotels in Las Vegas. [00:21:00] So, this guy introduces himself, his name was Jay Kennedy and there’s been a lot of controversy about this, but I don’t feel anything -- I was a 22-year-old girl who met this extremely rich man who knew everything, and the first thing he started talking about was the march on Washington. I was like, “Well, why is he telling me about this? What has this to do with me? I don’t have anything to do with these negros and their issues of civil rights.” (laughter) And the fires of Watts were burning all around while I was saying all this. Can we stop for a minute? ’Cause I just need to... (break in audio) EB: So, when I met this guy, the first thing he talked about at this party where there was nobody, but I was like the party for him, I guess. But since I had done so much other stuff in my life at that point, I didn’t see anything wrong with it, but I knew I had to get the money first. (laughter) Or, as they say, get the money upfront. So, I said to this -- he’s telling me [00:22:00] about the march on Washington and I’m thinking, “Is this Frank Sinatra’s house?” I mean, it’s like, we’re in Bel Air, Beverly Hills, whatever. And I’m like, did I just not have a place to live two weeks ago. And so, around four o’clock in the morning, he’s still talking, and I’m really sort of half listening. But I’m thinking, “Well what do I do 13 �now? How do I get out of this house, or how do we get to the money? Whatever it is we’re getting ready to do.” And he says maybe I wanted to stay, and that he had a suite in the house, in Frank’s house, and this is his good friend, and how I could stay in the bedroom. He would sleep in the living room. And I was thinking, “Somebody has a house with a suite in it?” You know? (laughter) Wasn’t thinking about just sleeping, I was thinking about... And it was so incredible. And the next morning this maid came with this orange juice and, you know, and coffee [came out?]. And I had on my -- I had a robe on, they gave me a robe. He gave me a robe. So, I had to put my Pink Pussycat [00:23:00] outfit on to go back home in. Which my little apartment I lived in. By then, I had an apartment because I was making so much money, I could even afford an apartment. And I had moved out from [Bruce?] I’m pretty sure. And they had a chauffeur, a guy named George, who actually became sort of a famous character in the life of Frank Sinatra, black guy, very handsome. And he took me home in this limo, right? And this guy, Jay, called me and took me out to the Beverly Hills Hotel, and we had like a bottle of champagne that probably cost, you know, somebody’s rent. You know what I’m saying? That kind of thing. And some caviar, and he had some violins, and I was like -- this was a universe I had no knowledge of. But it’s not hard to fall into, you know? (laughs) It’s not hard to eat well. So, and I certainly had no class attitudes or anything else about any of this. As a matter of fact, I would have drifted toward it because I had been, [00:24:00] you know, brought up in this universe of ballet and going to these white schools with all these rich white people and so forth. And after that, 14 �ultimately, I became his regular concubine, one could say. I was his lover. He was married and he lived in New York. And so, he would come and then he would set me up in a place, and then I left The Pink Pussycat after a while. And all he did was talk to me about Marxism, Leninism, and so forth and so on, and none of this made sense to me. What made sense to me was that I was valued somewhere in the world, in a world that I had no sense of myself as a person of value. And it was listening to him over those next two years that made me conscious of political differences, social class, race. He embraced me as a black woman, which I didn’t even do. And it's so funny because people say -- there’s a thing about him saying, [00:25:00] “Oh he might have been a CIA Agent.” And there’s people that have denounced me because I talk openly about this relationship. But it was transitional, and it was transformative in my life because I felt protected enough to examine myself and admit that I hated being black, but I didn’t necessarily want to be white. I didn’t like anything about myself, and it was he who sort of was a guide to those next two years and sort of -- But in guiding me and talking to me, I absolutely had to cling to him. And when I realized that we weren’t going to get married, that changed things. ’Cause, you know, when you’re young you think, “Oh yeah, this guy’s gonna leave his wife for me.” (laughter) You know, and you really think that. But the other thing is that, during the course of his being away, I met a black woman in the building I lived in, in Westwood, and she had an afro. And this is, we can say, a year and a half after the Watts uprising. Because I’m now -- I arrived just before that and I met this man during that period. [00:26:00] And so, she heard -- I had a piano and I was 15 �singing. I write songs. By that time, I had written, like, 500 songs. All of them about love and really confused things. And I was playing the piano and singing, and she asked me if it were me that she heard up in, you know, singing. And the first thing she said to me is, “How you doin’ sister?” And I’m thinking, “To whom (laughter) is she speaking? I am not anybody’s sister. Certainly not your sister.” Not in any meaning -- I understood her meaning but I didn’t care. So, I said, “Yes.” And she said, “Do you play piano?” I said, “Of course.” And she said, “Could you teach piano to some kids that I have a program in Watts?” I said, “Sure.” I had nothing else to do, I was this kept woman. Right? So, (laughs) I had this thing on called a fall. This is like a hairpiece and you slick your hair back and then you can slick this on like a comb. And then the hair -- so you don’t have to really worry about your hair. [00:27:00] You can slick it on and then... So, I had this hair, (laughter) you know, it was the ’60s, and I had these long eyelashes from the Pink Pussycat period. Right? And I remember I had this sundress on, I can remember it cost 200 dollars. This is 1966, 7? And some sandals, and I just remember how I looked, and I went down to Watts with her. (laughter) Into the Jordan Downs Housing Project. And when I got there, this was another transformative moment, first, it was like where I used to live in the, what was it called? Not Richard Allen, I can’t remember. All of a sudden, I can’t remember. But anyway, when I moved out of the first place I knew of that I lived in North Philadelphia, which was a very rough area, and we moved to the project. JJ: To Germantown? EB: Well, later we moved to Germantown, but in that first year we lived in the James 16 �Weldon Johnson Homes. (laughter) They always name these [buildings?] the Black -- the historic [00:28:00] Black figures. James Weldon Johnson, and we had moved up by getting into public housing. So, but this place was laid out like the place I had lived in, in the Jordan Downs Projects. And because it was sort of flat and spread out as opposed to high-rise, that kind of thing, and it was twostory. And so, the feeling of that reminded me of who I was because, at this point, I was this girl with these eyelashes, and this hair, and this kept -- this man. Right? And I was just gonna maybe do some charity work, or whatever I thought I was doing in the illusion -- in the imagery I had painted of myself for that day. And so, when I got down to the Jordan Downs Project, I was thrown back into my history in the hood where life was really hard. And then she opened the door to this project -- her apartment she had rented for this program, which was, you know, some child development program or whatever. [00:29:00] And I walked in there and there were all these little girls, all these little black girls in there. And they were just these little, sweet girls. Seven, eight, nine years old, and looking pretty unkept and unkempt. And she had nothing in there, like a few chairs, and then she had this bookshelf. And the only book on it was, I could just remember was called Yes I Can by Sammy Davis Jr., and I thought, “What a stupid fucking book that is.” And I knew who Sammy Davis Jr. was because I’m living with a man who’s Frank Sinatra’s best friend. Okay? And I mean, literally, if you were to talk to Dean and Sinatra today, or one of them, they would tell ya that this guy was his best friend. So, I’m looking at this book so I have all these reactions to it. And like, these little girls, who have nothing, you wanna have them look at 17 �Sammy Davis’s stupid ass book called Yes I Can. You know, like, if I really believe in myself, Oprah Winfrey, you know what I’m saying? (laughs) America’s a great place if you really try [00:30:00] hard and you really believe in yourself. And I looked at them and I kept saying -- and they were, like, calling me Ms. Brown and I was thinking, “You don’t need piano lessons. You need a fucking life. I know ’cause I’ve been you. No, wait a minute, I am you.” And it killed me. It was so powerful a moment in my life that, you see now even, I am moved by it because I was so ashamed that I had left them, and I was so ashamed that I couldn’t help them. And that I wanted to go back to my little world with Jay Kennedy, and Piper-Heidsieck champagne, and caviar, and a life in France or somewhere where we wanna live and be away from the regular things. And I wouldn’t have to worry about these little girls in the world I would be living in. Right? But I couldn’t, and I could not -- I said to my friend, this girl, [Beverly?], that lived in the building, I said, “I can’t do this. I can’t teach these girls. I have nothing to offer them.” [00:31:00] But I did go back, and that was the beginning of my, what the Chinese call [fanshen?], you know, what Christians might be calling born again. It was a consciousness raising moment that was so incredible. So, I had to tell Jay Kennedy, “Look, we need to get married, like, right now. I need to be in France. I cannot be in America. I can’t look at any of this anymore. And if I can’t get married to you, I don’t ever want to talk to you anymore because I have something else I have to do.” And so, I just left him and everything, and then I had to get a job, which wasn’t easy. And I went back to Jordan Downs and taught these girls for a while and... But as a result, I became 18 �immersed in the rising Black movement, and I became Black, you know. And I took off my fall, you know? (laughs) And I curled my hair a little bit, and [00:32:00] I started going down to a place called the Black Congress, that Beverly had told me about. And it was a meeting place after the Watts uprising, everybody was Black, and everybody’s running around, you know. And so, all the various organizations that were arising, or that were coming into being, but everything from the Welfare Rights Organization to Karenga’s US Organization. All of those were in this building and they had formed some sort of a coalition, but it wasn’t really a coalition because Karenga was running ’cause everybody was sort of afraid of him because he looked militant. (laughs) And so, I sort of found my way there because I could read and write, you know, that put me in a new category among the -- in the hood. And so, I did a lot of writing, and then I ran into these people from the Black Student Alliance and I became a part of that, even though I wasn’t a student. I got a job at UCLA at one point, so that kind of put me in UCLA. But mostly what I did was steal [00:33:00] stuff from there for the Black Student Alliance, and I relied on my skills from the hood, so I could resurrect some of that, right? Because I did come from there. And so, that was a big moment, we can say 1967 or so, and somewhere in there we heard about this Huey Newton getting shot. This was a distant, you know, sound. We didn’t really have very much -- nobody really knew much about this in October of ’67 when Huey was shot. But one thing I knew, I didn’t like Karenga because they were all into this super nationalistic stuff. And so, I had one of these guys say to me, you know, one of Karenga’s people ’cause I would see them ’cause I was 19 �there, like, volunteering. I was just immersed in Black life. And I had this guy say to me, I was wearing a miniskirt because I had plenty of them, and he said, [00:34:00] “Sistas don’t wear miniskirts. That’s what the white girls wear.” Something like that. So now, oh well now you want to call back the girl that grew up on 21st and [York?], you don’t see my face cut. ’Cause remember, while I did go up outta the subway on one end and was white, I was living in the hood and I was one of the baddest bitches there. So, because, I wasn’t gonna get hurt, so I had to be the most aggressive, the toughest, and so forth and so on. And so, whatever my reality was, I was certainly able to recall my skills from the street. And I said, “Well you know, when a brotha buys my clothes, then he can tell me what to do.” So, I always had a conflict with them, okay? And so, while we were there, one of these nights we had this meeting, and I was now on the council that the Black Congress -- I was a member of the Black Congress representing the Black Student Alliance, which was really pretty funny, when one thinks about it. And Karenga’s sitting there looking like, you know, some offshoot Buddha or something, and with [00:35:00] that high-pitched voice, and that effeminate air. But anyway, and in comes this guy and he says he’s from the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense. And he’s got on this black leather, and he wants to talk about Huey Newton. He wants to appeal to the congressmembers, ’cause we’re at about, you know, 20 some organizations that were represented, to get support for the trial of Huey P. Newton. And Karenga’s like, “We don’t have time to talk about that. You’re not on the agenda brother.” And this and that, and that’s how he always talked, like this. His little high-pitched, little effeminate air. And there 20 �was a guy there named Crook, Brother Crook. And he was with -- I don’t know if he was with sn-- Oh, he had something called Community Alert Patrol, and they would follow the police, and take pictures, and stuff like this, right? And eventually he became a member of SNCC, but Crook was like my partner in that group. And he was like, “Well we want to hear what this brother has to say.” So, he said, “Well let’s vote on it [00:36:00] and have applicant consensus.” (laughter) He was so stupid. And so, his theory was that, unless we had a 100 percent vote, then we couldn’t go forward. So, everybody voted to hear what this guy had to say except him, so he said we can’t do it. We’re like, “You’re overruled.” And nobody had ever done this to him before, at least within the short life of the Black Congress. So, this guy [Earl?] came and talked about Huey Newton, and how he had offed a pig, or he was charged, you know, and these were words nobody had ever heard before. Not even these militant nationalists, right? ’Cause they were all about, you know, Black cultural, you know, something back to Africa. The Africa that they had designed, by the way, from the American point of view. So, we were all just stunned by this whole thing. Black guys with these guns, everybody had a gun, but [00:37:00] nobody was using a gun. (laughs) So, this guy was something else and we all -- so, I started talking to him and... So, bit by bit, I ran into a few of these people, and I had this friend named [Sandra Scott?], she was in the Black Student Alliance. And she was helping me to read things, you know, reading Wretched of the Earth, which was the Bible of that time. And reading and all this stuff, I was just, like, bombarded now with consciousness, all of this was opening up. You know, 21 �it’s like I couldn’t stop learning and absorbing things. And so, eventually we ran into -- I ran into Eldridge Cleaver some kinda way, and one of these, you know, movement parties was emerging and he coming -- he was this figure that was truly bigger than life. Eldridge was like six-five or something, was very handsome. And so, it was such a big moment, you know, we couldn’t imagine such a thing. Seeing these people and these guys were all so, you know, so something. I don’t know. They were [00:38:00] such men, you know. And I began to write songs about black men, for which I was soundly criticized by a lot of feminists, by the way. So-called feminists. But at the time, all of this was swirling around, and somewhere in the middle of this, Bunchy Carter appears. And we’re all having some sort of poetry reading. You know, like, now they have this slam, everybody’s talkin’ about the man, everybody talking, right? Just talk, talk, talk, talk. And in comes, into this room that the Black Congress had this big event, like one of these big community events, and people get up and say their poems. And I got up and said one too about how the men were treating women. But anyway, Bunchy Carter appears in this room with, like, 20 guys, right? From the street. And they’re all, you know, they got their hats on ace-deuce, and they’re all strapped. All of ’em. And they line the room. Everybody’s like, “Ooh.” And Bunchy says, “Well I come to say that we have just formed the Black Panther Party [00:39:00] Southern California chapter.” And he says -- and then he has somebody to unfurl the Huey Newton famous poster in the chair, and he says, “And from this point forward, everybody will be putting this picture up. Because Huey did what you niggas is thinkin’ about, talkin’ about doin’. He 22 �challenged the police.” You know, and he said, “And that’s what we gonna do. We here to say that the pig can no longer come through this community and hurt us and hurt our people.” And that, “Because if the pig comes here tonight, what would we do brother?” Guy on the wall said, “We would put his dick in the dirt.” I said, “Oh Lord what is going on here?” (Laughter) It was another pivotal moment because you could not now unknow what you just saw or heard. You could now say -- you can write your little articles and you can your little dashiki on, and you can walk around her talkin’ this shit, but now you know something new has happened. And everybody in LA knew it. Everybody was terrified, [00:40:00] from the police to the Black militants. Because now, a line had been drawn. A reality had been presented. We were now engaged in something different. We’re challenging the government directly. This was not about a program, this was about a challenge to the fundamental structure in America, and we all got it, and we got it that night. And that word was like wildfire, that there was a Black Panther Party chapter. The Black Student Alliance people became afraid. I mean, everybody was, like, shaking. Not because we’re afraid of the Panthers, but we were now afraid, or people were afraid, that we would have to come up to do something, right? So, when I met this Eldrige Cleaver and, you know, I was just madly in love with him. He was just absolutely this. And I spent a night with him, and so this was like, “okay.” And within a week or so later, he was -- it was after Martin Luther King was killed. That was [00:41:00] before, when I was with him, and after Martin Luther King was killed, two days later, there was an incident with Eldridge and Bobby Hutton. And Bobby Hutton, who was a young member 23 �of the Black Panther Party, 17 years old, was killed by police and Eldridge was wounded. And so, I walked into the Black Panther office, like, about the next day. And it was a surrender, it wasn’t just, “Oh, I’m joining.” It was a surrender. It was, “Okay, this is it. We’re down now.” And it’s no more turning back, and there’s no more pretending that I don’t understand because of all that I learned from Jay, and all that I learned in the middle, and all the consciousness that I now had. There is no unknowing, there’s no pretending. This is the way it is. We gon-- either I’m gonna throw down with this, or I’m gonna live a fake life for the rest of my life. And I cannot live that ’cause I did that for 20 some years. So, this is who I had to be, and this is who I needed to be. So, when I joined the Black Panther Party, it wasn’t, you know, just joining some little organization. It was surrendering my life, [00:42:00] but not in any sad way, but in a meaningful way. And saying, “Okay. This is who I am, and I surrender to this legacy, or this potential, or this life. And I will dedicate myself to it from this point forward.” And that’s what I did, you know, for the next 10 years. You know, watching a lot of my friends, of course, be killed and being a little shocked but sort of -- we all kind of knew that this was what we signed up for, and it was not going to be, you know, I’m gonna have a little job and do this on the side, and this gonna be my volunteer work or... No this was my life. I was dedicating myself to eliminating the government that had so oppressed our people, and other people, and so forth and so on. And so, that was the journey to the Black Panther Party. JJ: So, you said some people got killed. Some of your friends. EB: [00:43:00] Yeah, a lot of people were killed. 24 �JJ: Who were some of them? EB: Well, in the beginning, you know, in my experience in the Black Panther Party, of course, you know, Bunchy Carter was the organizer of the Southern California chapter. And, as we would learn, we had a chapter that was so -- the LAPD was so vicious that the Chicago PD looked up to them. (laughter) And so, at once we had -- it was a strange situation in Los Angeles because we had, you know, this whole Hollywood Universe with a lot of money, so we had probably -- eventually we would have more money than most chapters, just because we were in the Hollywood area. But at the same time, we had the most vicious police department, so we were always getting arrested, stopped, what have you. And in the beginning, when I started out working in the party, I’m not sure we had the newspaper regularly out by then. Well, maybe we had a little bit of a newspaper, [00:44:00] but it wasn’t the way it -- soon it became a very big part of the party’s - it was a big information instrument, obviously. And so, I’m trying to remember, eventually I was working very, very hard, and, you know, we were going to political education classes. And then we moved out of the Black Congress. We were in the Black Congress at some point. We had an office there, but the Karenga piece was getting too heavy, and we got an office in on Central Avenue, 41st and Central Avenue. So, I spent time there cleaning, like everybody. Tryin’ to figure out how we’d get equipment. You know, we basically were tryin’ to start up, we can say, and then going to classes. And then, eventually, at some point, I can’t recall, but I did have a job at the beginning. I had a small job in a poverty program. And there was a moment when I just went crazy. I had some sort of a 25 �total meltdown because it was like, now this was too much too soon or [00:45:00] something and it was all converging. And I had to go and see a therapist, and I went crazy, literally. And this woman gave me Thorazine. And I said, “I can’t be in the Black Panther Party. I know that I’m really scared. And I’m not gonna be in the Black Panther Party. But if I’m not in the Black Panther Party, I’m not gonna be in anything.” And so therefore, what do I do? I’m back to being the person that I hated being. And on one hand I was afraid, and I knew a lot of these people. Franco, and lil’ Tommy Lewis, and all these people that were joining the Black Panther Party in Southern California. They’re pretty, pretty panty, where all these people from the streets, you know, the gang members, the [Slawsons?] who had transformed themselves because of Bunchy. And, John Huggins, and Ericka Huggins and the -- and Ericka was the captain of the women, and so she was my leader, at the time. And she would say, “We might have to learn how to sleep with the enemy to get information [00:46:00] one day, or slit his throat the next.” And I was like, “Really?” (laughter) We had to do all that? I was terrified. And so, at some point, we can say in July or something, that had been, like, February or April, and by July I was afraid. Not afraid of anything that had happened, but, like, the potential. That this wasn’t really me, that I was really faking and that, just like my whole life, this was not real, and I hated myself. So, I spun out of control. And so, this doctor, instead of saying, you know, “What’s going on?” and... She gave me Thorazine, and Thorazine is a drug that is, uh, I mean, it’s for, I don’t know. I don’t know what it’s for. It’s supposed to calm you down, I guess. But they give it to elephants or something. 26 �(laughter) I mean, seriously, I was thinking -- I weighed 105 pounds and I was taking 100 milligrams of Thorazine a day. So, I moved to the Watts office of this poverty program, where nobody wanted to go, on 103rd Street. Which I could never get to, because I was on Thorazine, and so I would fall asleep on the bus all the time. And at some point, [00:47:00] they had this alleged program, of course after Watts, you know, everybody was offering poverty program money to every pimp, dope deal -- dope boy, well there weren’t that many dope boys, but you know what I mean. Everybody from the street that wanted to go in and walk in and get a program, they could get one, right? So, this program was called the Watts Happening Coffee House, and it had been transformed from -- it was burnt down -- Diamond Jim’s Furniture Store had been burnt down (laughter) and they had developed this program, but there was no real program there. It was just some money being handed off to this guy, was a leader of a gang in Watts, right? (laughter) It was like, “Here’s some money, please don’t kill us.” Right? So, ’cause that’s all the poverty program was and, but I loved it because I could fall asleep on Thorazine. I didn’t have to -- I was the only person there who knew how to type, read, or write, you know? So, I kept the books, so you had like 50 people on the payroll and there were only, like, 5 people there, you know? (laughter) So, I was the person that did all the paperwork, in between nodding out, right? And some point, John Huggins came down there to [00:48:00] Watts because he was looking for an office, another branch office for the Black Panther Party. And he came in there and he said, “Elaine, how you doin’? We miss you.” And I was like, “Oh no, we don’t miss me.” I couldn’t look at him, you know? 27 �You know, no, no. And he said, “What are you taking?” And I was thinking, “How did he know I was taking...?” (laughter) I’s sitting there nodding like somebody on heroin, right? But in the meantime, there was a, like, little bit of programming. So, on a Sunday they would have this sort of a jazz thing at the Watts Happening Coffee House, and there was a guy there Horace Tapscott. He had a band called the, it was, like, the Arkestra. The venue was very Africancentered and so forth, and they let me play songs with them. And so, I had this, like, little singing career. Not really, but, you know, singing this kind of, like, coffee house thing and... So, I say all that to say that that was what I was doing in between, and [00:49:00] Horace would take me back and forth. He started taking me back and forth home so I wouldn’t have to take all these buses and get lost, where I take hours to get anywhere (laughter) because I would fall asleep all the time. And then John came, and John said, “Elaine you gotta stop.” I said, “Oh, I can’t go back.” And he said, “Well, why don’t you get off of whatever you’re taking.” And I told him eventually. And he came to see me almost every day. “How you doin’ today?” And he said, “Why don’t you try to take three pills instead of four?” And I was terrified because I was so addicted to this stuff, at this point. And I wasn’t going to any therap-- I was just taking Thorazine now, you know? And she gave me an open-ended prescription, so I could just get it. Isn’t that weird, when you think about it? And I took that Thorazine, and I stopped taking four, I took three. And I was, like, “Wow, made through the day.” Right? And meantime my mother had moved to Los Angeles, which was just really the nemesis of my life, but that’s another conversation. And so [00:50:00] 28 �I’d be nodding out talking to her, whatever it was, and here just kinda twirling around. And then in August, Horace Tapscott said to me, “Did you hear about what happened earlier today at the corner of Mont Clair and Adams?” As we like to say now. And I said, “No.” And he said, “You know, three members of the Black Panther Party were killed by the police on that corner.” And he mentioned one of them, and he was Tommy Lewis, who was 17 years old. And he was like Ericka and John’s little son, even though there wasn’t that much difference in the ages. And we all loved little Tommy Lewis, and he was like Bobby Hutton. Just a little, fierce street boy, terrible, you know, tough, and he had been shot. And then there was this guy, Steve Bartholomew, 21 years old, and they had shot his head off his shoulders, right there in front of everybody on the corner of Adams and Mont Clair. And I was like, “Oh! No this is too much. This is too much.” So, John said, “We need you. We need you.” And so, [00:51:00] the more he said it, the more I went down to two pills, and one pill, and then no pills and went back and, you know, rejoined the party and began to live with John, and Ericka, and a bunch of other people in this house on Century Boulevard, which was in, like, Inglewood or somewhere outside of Watts, South Central LA, whatever. And for me, as I think back about it, as I characterize it, it was Camelot, you know? It was working every day and, you know, living in this collective with these really wonderful comrades. And it didn’t matter what happened to us because now we were -- it was clear to me that I was okay with me, at this point, and what I was doing. And so, we sold papers or whatever we did, talked about opening another office, and, you know, recruiting people for the party, all of the things, whatever 29 �we did. It was just day-to-day, every [00:52:00] day, you know. Cleaning guns (laughs), going out and learning how to -- going out to the Mojave Desert. (laughter) (phone ringing) You want to turn your...? JJ: Yeah. EB: Who is calling -- (break in audio) EB: Bringing my book up last night to be signed. It’s, like, being taught in every school. JJ: But what’s the name of it, again? EB: A Taste of Power. JJ: Oh, A Taste of Power. EB: Yeah, yeah. So, that was in, we can say late August, so from that point forward, we all then enrolled, amazingly -- when I say we all was John Huggins, and Bunchy, and Geronimo Pratt, and myself enrolled in UCLA all for our different reasons, in this program called the high potential program. And of course, when we got there, John and I were doing the main work. I mean, Bunchy would just come through from time -- he just did it as a satisfaction for his parole requirements. (laughter) And Geronimo sort of drove him there all the time. He was sort of Bunchy’s driver and other stuff. And so, John Huggins and I [00:53:00] used to do all the whatever work. And we would try to organize around -- against the war, you know, blah blah blah. And we did all these different things, and, in the course of things, we tried to build up the Black Student Union, which had sort of come into being, but really wasn’t anything but 30 �worryin’ about, you know, what kind of music was being played in the cafeteria, what have you. And so, in the course of all of that, you know, you had... (knocking) Come on in. AARON DIXON: Okay. EB: We’re finishing up. AD: Oh, here y’all are. EB: We’re on camera. No, come on in Aaron please. How ya doin’? AD: Doin’ good. EB: How you doin’ this morning? AD: How you guys doin’? EB: I’m doin’ good. I’m doin’ good. AD: That’s good. [Bread?] up. EB: So, we gonna finish up -- You want to get me to some of the things -- JJ: Yeah. EB: -- about the Puerto Rican things. But anyway, so let’s --I’ve had emotional moments, though, here. AD: Oh really? EB: Yeah. Yeah, you know, when you think about, you know, you can write this stuff and then it’s on the page and you’re finished, and then you have to revisit some of the points of how did you get here, so... JJ: Uh-huh. EB: So, okay. So, where are we? JJ: [00:54:00] We were -- 31 �EB: I hope you have a good editor. JJ: Yeah, no. We had a -- we were talkin’ ’bout some of the work that was being done in LA. EB: Yeah, so there we were doing all of our little stuff with John and with Bunchy. Going back and forth to school a lot. And so, there came to be this moment when, toward the end of the year... Are you getting a shot of Aaron? JJ: Our friend that came in. (laughter) Okay. EB: And so, toward the end of the year, there was this big confrontation because -no actually it didn’t happen at the end of the year, but there was a lot of confrontation with the US Organization at that point, and a lot of conflict. And at the very end of the year, two incredible things happened on December 31st. One was that Bunchy announced -- and we had some event in, I don’t remember where it was, but it was an auditorium. I don’t know why we were in an auditorium. And Bunchy announced and brought all these [00:55:00] Latino guys up on stage, and they all had on the brown beret. And he said, “This is the Brown Berets, and we are in a --” I don’t know if the word coalition -- I don’t think we used the word coalition. But, “These are our partners. So, we are announcing today, that the Brown Berets and the Black Panthers, we are one and the same. We are here to off the pig.” And whatever else they said, right? And all of us were like, “What? Brown Berets?” And that literally was the first, I’m sure, first sort of formal announcement. And that was amazing how conscious Bunchy was about that. And we had been conscious of that just before that because, you know, the big drink of the street in those days was what 32 �they called a short dog of Gallo wine. And they would pour some of the red wine out and put in some lemon juice, shake it up, and they called it shake ’em up, and that’d make you sweat and get hot fast because the lemon -- I don’t know, whatever the interaction of those two things was. But anyway, so he [00:56:00] forbid everybody from drinking Gallo wine. Which was really -- people might think that’s nothing, but it was a big deal. JJ: (inaudible) Yeah. EB: All to support the United Farm Workers. And so, the Brown Beret thing was just a step up, you know, because this was a more -- this wasn’t a labor union, it was a revolutionary organization that was going to work in the East LA area, but be affiliated with the Black Panther Party as we thought of it at that time. And then, that same night, Bunchy announced, later on, that one of our other comrades, Franco Diggs, had been murdered in Long Beach, and been shot in the head three times. And then, we knew Franco, and we knew he was very, very paranoid and crazy, and Franco. When I first met Franco, and I describe this in my book, one of the first things he said, “Oh, you know sista,” he was from New York. “You so beautiful,” he said. “You know, I would kill two pigs for you.” (laughter) I was like, “Really?” [00:57:00] “What you think about that?” And he (inaudible). I was like, “Sounds great.” You know, what do you say, you know? (laughs) “Have you ever seen a pig shot with a .45 automatic sista?” I said to him, (laughter) “You know, let me think. Mm, no.” “Why if I was this -- if the pig was standin’ over there and I was to take my weapon, and I were to fire at him right now, his body would fall to at a 45 degree --” I was like, “What?” (laughter) 33 �And he polished his bullets, and he put a special mi-- he loaded his own bullets, you know, with gunpowder, and he put garlic, that’s what he told us. And then that -- even if he hit someone in the leg, this is what he told us, and I mean to this minute, I believe it’s true I don’t know, and that they would be poisoned. They would get lead poisoning. AD: Yeah. That was somethin’ we did. Yeah. (inaudible) thing. EB: Yeah. And so, when Franco was killed, that was a big statement because Franco was, like, invincible. [00:58:00] Franco was one of the baddest motherfuckers out there so -- no, but who kills Franco? And then, of course, two weeks later, John and Bunchy were killed by Karenga’s FBI agent members and himself at UCLA, and I was, of course, there. And it was the most probably traumatic part of my life in the Black Panther Party, or of my life period. Which I do describe in A Taste of Power. Matter of fact, I dedicate an entire chapter to that date, January 17, because it was such a powerful thing. Because here was this guy, John Huggins, who had saved my life, so he was more than just a comrade, and a hero, and a leader of the chapter, and very conscious, and very caring. And Bunchy was more than a guy that I just worshipped because he was just, he was everything including very beautiful, very smart, a poet, [00:59:00] and a solider, a revolutionary. And for these two men to get killed and for me to be right there, of course, I lived with survivor’s guilt for a long time. I would have it now, I guess, if I, you know, really thought about it, but it’s too late, you know, 40 some years later. So, they were murdered. John Huggins was shot in the back by one of Karenga’s members, who was -- that assassin, Claude Hubert 34 �“Chuchessa”, ends up in Guyana with Jim Jones. I mean, this is just, you know, talk about COINTELPRO and all that. I mean, this is not the Black Panther memory for some conspiracy theory. This is what happened, and -AD: We gotta leave ’cause of traffic. JJ: Okay. EB: So, anyway, we can, some day pick this up. You know, I have Skype, by the way. I just put that up with the camera. Do you know how to do that? JJ: Yeah, we can figure that out. [01:00:00] EB: Okay. All right, well... JJ: We have to -- we can always, you know, we’ll do a second version of this. EB: Okay. I’m willing and ready. JJ: (inaudible) All right. Thank you. Thank you. EB: All right. END OF VIDEO FILE 35 � https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/e9df12dad7c23f4c2a0477479869cfb7.mp4 30c9521163426df544daf048e5f5a804 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Young Lords in Lincoln Park Collection Subject The topic of the resource Young Lords (Organization) Puerto Ricans--United States Civil Rights--United States--History Lincoln Park (Chicago, Ill.) Personal narratives Social justice Community activists--Illinois--Chicago Description An account of the resource Collection of oral history interviews and digitized materials documenting the history of the Young Lords Organization in Lincoln Park, Chicago. Interviews were conducted by Young Lords' founder, José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez, and documents were digitized from Mr. Jiménez' archives. The Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection grows out of the ongoing struggle for fair housing, self-determination, and human rights that was launched by Mr. José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez, founder of the Young Lords Movement. This project is dedicated to documenting the history of the displacement of Puerto Ricans, Mejicanos, other Latinos, and the poor from Lincoln Park, as well as the history of the Young Lords nationwide. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jiménez, José, 1948- Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/491">Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection (RHC-65)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-04-25 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng spa Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-65 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 2012-2017 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Título Spanish language Title entry Elaine Brown vídeo entrevista y biografía Descripción Spanish language Description entry La historia oral de Elaine Brown, entrevistado por Jose 'Cha-Cha' Jimenez el 5/10/2013 acerca de los Young Lords en Lincoln Park. Sujetos Spanish language Subject terms Young Lords (Organización) Puertorriqueños--Estados Unidos Derechos civiles--Estados Unidos--Historia Lincoln Park (Chicago, Ill.) Mexicano-Americanos--Relatos personales Justicia social Activistas comunitarios--Illinois--Chicago Mexico-Americanos--Illinois--Chicago--Condiciones sociales Relaciones raciales Conflicto social Identitad cultural Partido Pantera Negra. Illinois Capí­tulo Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/491">Young Lords in Lincoln Park (RHC-65)</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-65_Brown_Elaine Title A name given to the resource Elaine Brown video interview and transcript Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Brown, Elaine Description An account of the resource Oral history of Elaine Brown, interviewed by Jose 'Cha-Cha' Jimenez, on 5/10/2013 about the Young Lords in Lincoln Park. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jimenez, Jose, 1948- Subject The topic of the resource Young Lords (Organization) Puerto Ricans--United States Civil Rights--United States--History Lincoln Park (Chicago, Ill.) Mexican Americans--Personal narratives Social justice Community activists--Illinois--Chicago Mexican Americans--Illinois--Chicago--Social conditions Race relations Social conflict Cultural identity Black Panther Party. Illinois Chapter Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-05-10 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4261c43fc4cfdde943fc51c943939c6a.mp4 65a14a1e93a25d1c195b7c0c092a61e9 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/47edc50b31794ea1ab13157e2c5fb60e.pdf 70f9c411d28a0297f683dfe8ffec5901 PDF Text Text Living with PFAS Interviewee: Elaine Isley Interviewer: Prof DeVasto Date: April 9, 2021 DD: So, I’m Dani DeVasto, and today, April 9th, 2021, I have the pleasure of chatting with Elaine Isley. Uh, thank you for being here today, Elaine. EI: Sure. DD: Can you tell me about where you’re from, um, and/or where you currently live? EI: Uh, sure. Those are two different questions for me. Um. I– I’ve been in Grand Rapids for 20-plus years, but I still kind of, where I’m from. I grew up in the Washington DC area. So I’ve– I’ve, I’m not a Michigan native. Uh, I moved here to go to professional school, and I just stayed. Uh, particularly, once I moved to West Michigan. Um, I currently live in Grand Rapids Township with my family. DD: And you said you’ve been in Grand Rapids Township for the last 25 years or so? EI: I’ve been in Grand Rapids metro area for about 25 years. I’ve only been in the township for a year. DD: Okay. EI: We moved– we moved right before the pandemic started. DD: Oh my. [chuckle] EI: Yeah. [chuckle] DD: At least you were settled before the pandemic started. I can’t imagine– EI: We have a little more space in this house than we did in the last one, and we’ve been really thankful for that. DD: I bet– I bet. So, Elaine, can you tell me a story about your experience with PFAS, or with PFAS in your community? EI: Uh, sure. So, uh, the first– the personal story, which is not super exciting, uh, when we moved here uh, so Grand Rapids Township abuts Plainfield Township, and I am on the upper border. Um. I live on 4 Mile, and 4 Mile is the dividing line between Plainfield Township and Grand Rapids Township, so when we were looking at purchasing this house, the first thing we did was look for, um, PFAS drainage in the ground water and because of my work. Uh. We had 1 �a general idea of where it was, but um, that was a consideration for us when we were moving. And there is a super-fund site not far from here, so there actually were a lot of wells and there had been a lot of tests. So, we were able to find definitively that we are not in a PFAS groundwater plume. So, uh, that’s– that’s where the– the personal impact came from. It– it was certainly a consideration for me, um, in moving a little bit closer to the affected area. Um. But I am the Director of Water Programs at the West Michigan Environmental Action Council, and we have been working with the citizens group in Rockford for almost 10 years. Um. It was the– one of the first meetings that I went to when I joined WMEAC in 2012. We went to, uh, Rockford City Hall and we met with, uh, Wolverine Worldwide’s council and some representatives from the city. Now this was before PFAS had actually been identified on the site, um, and we were, uh, what was happening was the downtown tannery that, um, Wolverine had in Rockford had been torn down years before. But a small citizen’s group had raised some concerns about what had happened to those materials. How had they been removed from the site? Was permitting appropriate? Is there still a danger? And unfortunately, because Rockford is so entrenched as a company town, they– the citizens’ group kind of got a raw deal. Um. The city did not take them seriously. The local newspaper sort of painted them out as-as, just wild and crazy people. And-and so they– it became really contentious for these individuals personally. And so our organization got involved to make sure that they had a seat at the table. Um. On their own, they compiled a pretty large dossier, and they sent it to the US Environmental Protection Agency, ‘because they weren’t getting a lot of cooperation even from, um, then it was the Department of Environmental Quality, um, now it’s the Department of um, Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy. So, if I go between DEQ and EAGLE, that’s why. Um. But the EPA came back and said, “Look, there’s a lot here. You should be looking at this.” So then-then the DEQ got involved, and things started to move a little bit. But there was still a lot of tension between this local citizens’ group and Wolverine and the city, and so we’ve remained involved and we’ve sort of helped them kind of work through how to raise these issues. Um. [sigh]. They didn’t need a lot of guidance. This group is very dedicated. Uh. I don’t-I don’t wanna name names because that’s not really my place, but they were affected or they had neighbors who were affected. They were worried about the air quality. There was a lot of concern– they were worried about what was getting into Rum Creek which flows right into the Rogue River, um, which ultimately flows into the Grand River and out to Lake Michigan. So this is a very interconnected system. Uh. It was a regional water quality issue. And it was during that time frame that we had, uh, started working with Dr. Rick Rediske. He is an environmental chemist at uh, Grand Valley State University at the Annis Water Resources Institute. I– he was actually one of my graduate advisors. And so I knew he had a background working with tannery contamination. He had done some work in White Lake up in Muskegon County, and there had been a tannery on the lake that had contributed to some of that pollution. There were other issues on White Lake. White Lake, um, was, uh, an area of concern, a designated area of concern in the Great Lakes, but they have been delisted. So I knew that he had that background for the tannery waste, and so they- we were finding documentation and- and sampling, um, data that showed contamination of ammonia and, um, hexavalent chromium, and there were some bad things there. Um. At some point, and I don’t recall exactly when, Rick started talking to us about PFAS, and none of us really knew what that was. To this day, I’m not sure I can give you the long chemical name of it [laughter]. [intermittent beeping] 2 �EI: So, it’s PFAS. PFAS and PFOS, PFOA. DD: [laughs] EI: It’s -it’s this horrible family of chemicals, and they’re forever chemicals. They-they can affect people in a number of different ways. Unfortunately, there isn’t a lot of data on it. Or there wasn’t at the time. But, um, Rick was- Rick was positive that we would find it in- on this site. One of its primary applications was Scotchgard. DD: Mhm. EI: And we know that Wolverine Worldwide used Scotchgard. I mean, Hushpuppies shoes. I mean, we just knew that it would be there. And, um, I think it was 2017 when we were able to get documentation. And when I say “we,” that’s the global “we.” It was really the citizens’ group. So, [laughter], um, of which Rick was a part– he became very invested in this project. And um, that sort of broke the whole thing wide open. And all of a sudden people started coming out of the woodwork, like “what is this stuff?” Uh, and then the House Street dumpsite was identified, and the woven jewel. [stutters]. It became very clear that this was a much bigger issue. And while my organization– which we go by our acronym, so WEMEAC, which is a little easier to say, um, we remained involved with the citizens group and we had a policy of-uh, on our books that we would support the citizens group and we would make this more public. We hadn’t really done a big push on that. All of a sudden with these concerns about PFAS and then it blowing up and it's coming from other parts of the state, people are seeing this as a bigger issue, we started getting a lot of questions. Um. There were people who, well-educated people, who could not find any information about what this body of chemicals was, what– where this plume was, was it affecting them? How concerned did they need to be? And it just became really clear that we would have to be much more present about, uh, getting information out there. And so, we started putting some information on our websites and Frequently Asked Questions. When uh, Rick started really pushing this issue of having a citizens group involved, um, with the cleanup because of his work in White Lake– there had been a citizens group that was sort of the liaison between the cleanup site and the local citizens, and he wanted something then put into place there. The one in White Lake, because it was an area of concern, there was a pot of money that was able to fund that. Um. We weren’t a designated area of concern. We’re still not a designated contaminant site, but right now the EPA is helping fund um, the community advisory group, or the CAG, um, through superfund. It’s not a designated superfund site and will not have um, indefinite funding. I think we have a few more months from the EPA, but the EPA helps set up the group. Um. And so we have been able to be a much better link for that information between what’s happening at the you know, at EAGLE, at EPA, at Wolverine, and the local citizens group. So that’s– so that’s really my PFAS story, is trying to elevate the issue uh, in a way that gives people the information and resources. Um, because communication has been sort of the big push there, I- I’ve taken– I’ve joined the CAG, I’m an official member, and I sort of, by default, have become the chair of the communications team. And so uh, we’re transitioning a few things, but right now I’m making sure that things are posted on the website and on our social media and we’re working with some other volunteers in the group who are trying to get um, a little bit more of a voice in the local Rockford Squire newspaper. So um, so 3 �yeah, it’s– my-my story is a bit more from the professional side of it. Uh, but it’s important because it– the people who are affected or the people who are potentially affected need more information. They need to know about the health studies that are going on. They need to know about what is happening on the cleanup. Um. They need to know what PFAS is to the extent that we’re finding out and what that effect would be for them. DD: Mhm. Is your sense that the, um, communication or the information available for people now is better? Is improved? That what is was- when you first- when people first started asking and looking for this information? EI: To some extent, yes. There are a lot more sources of information, uh, because of Rick’s work. Uh, Grand Valley State University has a lot of information. Um. The Annis Water Resources Institute has been putting up more information about that. The state has been doing a better job. They’ve created MPART, which is the PFAS uh, response team. And so there’s more information out there for people to find, but it’s still hard for people to find it. Um. I mean, that’s one of the things that my organization does. Uh. We are an action council, an environmental action council, and what that really means is we teach people how they can take action. And our organization does that in a number of different ways. Sometimes it's individual action, sometimes it’s municipal action. I mean– but in this case it’s really trying to empower people to find that information on their own. Um. Since PFAS is so complicated, we’re trying to pull as much of it together so that um, there’s a better sense of it. But I’m still- I’m finding that it’s not that easy to get information. When you listen to the– in some of our monthly meetings, you know, people will, you know, “well, where’s that information?” How do- you know, “how does my attorney find that information?” Because there’s a lawsuit now, um, against Wolverine. We’re not super engaged with that but a lot of the people who are engaged with us are engaged with that. And so there does still seem to be difficulty in finding the information, and I don’t-I don’t know– this isn’t meant to be an accusation but I don’t know if it’s because, you know, the industry is trying to be so secretive about what’s in these chemicals. You know, that’s often an issue. It’s a- It’s called “proprietary.” Um. Or if it’s just because it hasn’t been studied as widely, until recently. [stutters]. Or if it’s just because it’s one of those technical issues, that people just don’t quite know how to find– DD: Mhm. EI: – the studies or the information out there. DD: Mhm. So, that kind of might lead into the next question a little bit. Um. My- my last question for you is what concerns do you have about PFAS contamination moving forward? And if you have a totally different answer, that’s fine, too. EI: [laughter] Um. [clears throat], My– [clears throat] Excuse me. I-I- my biggest concerns about PFAS moving forward are– that’s really interesting. When we spoke with uh, Representative Peter Meijer this week, we talked a little bit about this. And one of the things that he had raised, which I thought he articulated very well, was the concern about the prevalence of the contamination. We’re seeing higher rates of-of PFAS in Michigan because Michigan’s looking for it. 4 �DD: Mhm. EI: When and if other states start looking for PFAS contamination, they’re going to find it because it’s in so many different materials. Um. We’ve been utilizing it for so long, and really just unbeknownst how– what the big problems were. Um. Or at least, unbeknownst to many of us. And Representative Meijer’s comment was when that happens, his concern is that there’s going to be this shift of “oh, well we need to take care of ‘the PFAS problem,’’’ which, at that point is gonna be somewhat global, as opposed to a site like this Wolverine tannery site where there’s an actual hardcore contamination site and people are– have extreme levels in their systems. Um, I- I forget what the numbers were– and there’s still debate about what’s a safe level in a human body, but 70 parts per billion was- was one of them. And there are people who have like twenty thousand parts per billion. I mean, it’s just– there are people who are going to have much more severe impacts than others. And if, when we start realizing how big this problem is, will we be able to really truly help the people who need it most, um, and soonest? So that’s a concern. Um. That’s a big policy issue, though. That’s not something that an individual’s gonna be able to tackle. That’s not something that even my organization will be able to do. We can advocate for that, but, it’s- I mean, that’s going to take a lot of effort and a long term solution. Um. The other things that really concern me is just making sure that the people understand and how I–you know, I wasn’t around when people were really starting to understand the impacts of DET, uh, and what that did to animals and ultimately who that affected us, so I don’t- I don’t have a memory of what– how we responded to that. But now, 50 years later, we’re seeing another legacy problem like that, and how long is it going to take before we really can do something about it? Um. You know, life is politics. It- there’s always a give and take. And you hope, you hope that when somebody raises the alarm, that people listen. But they’re– there’s just so many different obstacles and challenges when it comes to- to these complex scientific, um, issues, even when they can be disastrous for individuals. DD: Yeah. Yeah. Absolutely. Before we wrap up, is there anything else that you would like to add that we haven’t touched on today? Or anything you’d like to go back to? EI: Um, I- I guess, from my perspective, this is one of– I mean, my background is in water quality. So I- I feel really comfortable talking about things that create problems in the water. But I don’t feel comfortable about talking this– to this with people because it is so complicated and complex. And I feel like I could go back and get my whole– a PhD in this, and still not feel like I have a grasp and- and do this. But I do understand why this is a hard topic for people to find information on. Um. It’s- it’s- it’s intimidating, and so I– It’s- even for me as a professional, it’s like “ooh.” Yeah, I wanna know enough to be able to talk to people about it. But I don’t want to do what Rick does. DD: Mhm. EI: Rick is the one who helps lead our technical committee in really delving into some of the technical aspects of the remediation plans and “will,” you know, “this method of cleanup really tackles these things?” And I really appreciate having experts who can help us work through those things. Um. So when I’m- when I’m saying that I’m concerned about how people learn about 5 �this topic, I mean, there’s a lot packed into that. It- I mean, doing this oral history project is going to be really interesting, because there will be a lot of people who have some personal stories about how that’s impacted them. Um. But I think it’s really something that’s impacting more of us than we realize, and we just all don’t necessarily have the story because it’s- it’s a frightening topic. It’s a complicated topic, and people sometimes don’t want to know, they don’t wanna spend that time, because unless they’re having something that they see as an immediate impact, they’re not as concerned. DD: Mhm. EI: So, so yeah. This is- This is not a small, small issue. DD: No. it’s really complex like you’re saying. And I think made even more complex by the fact that we’re– it’s still evolving and we’re still, you know, we’re still learning new things and uncovering this and figuring out how it works, which makes it, you know– even if we knew all the things it would be hard to talk about it. EI: Yeah. DD: But we don’t know all the things. [laughter] So. EI: And it’s not that it– the information is some place. DD: Mhm EI: I mean, DuPont’s been manufacturing these chemicals for decades. It’s not a brand new thing. It’s just the awareness is brand new. Relatively. DD: Yeah. Yeah. Well, thank you so much, Elaine, for taking the time to share your story and perspective today. EI: No problem. Thanks for having me. 6 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Living with PFAS Interviews Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Devasto, Danielle Description An account of the resource Beginning in 2021, the Living with PFAS interviews were recorded to gather the personal stories of individuals impacted by PFAS contamination. PFAS, or per- and polyflourinated substances, are a large group of human-made chemicals used widely since the 1940s to make coatings and products resistant to heat, oil, stains, grease, and water. They can be found in countless household items, including food packaging, non-stick cookware, stain-resistant furniture, and water-resistant clothing. These chemicals are often called “forever chemicals” because they do not break down easily, can move through soils and contaminate drinking water sources, and build up in animals, plants, and people. PFAS have been linked to increased incidences of various cancers, increased cholesterol, decreased fertility, birth defects, kidney and liver disease, and immune system suppression, and thyroid dysfunction. It is estimated that PFAS are in the drinking water of more than 200 million Americans (Andrews & Naidenko, 2020). In Michigan alone, over 280 sites have PFAS contamination exceeding maximum contamination levels for groundwater (MPART, 2024). Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Living with PFAS (project) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In copyright Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Personal narrative PFAs (Perfluorinated chemicals) Groundwater--Pollution Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-11 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf audio/mp3 Type The nature or genre of the resource Motion Picture Text Sound Language A language of the resource eng Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PFAS0003 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Isely, Elaine Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021-04-08 Title A name given to the resource Elaine Isely, 2021 (Interview video and transcript) Description An account of the resource Elaine Isely is the Director of Water Programs at the West Michigan Environmental Action Council (WMEAC). She grew up in the Washington, D.C. area, but has been a resident of Grand Rapids for more than 20 years. In her interview she discusses community activism related to water contamination in the Rockford, Michigan area and the leadership of Dr. Rick Rediske, an environmental chemist at Grand Valley State University. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource DeVasto, Danielle (interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Personal narrative PFAs (Perfluorinated chemicals) Groundwater--Pollution Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Living with PFAS (project) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/26ca596d6b5a43da4360c6b58bf6f983.jpg 5ebe3340744298e86939713226d5b1ba Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Naval Recognition Training Slides Subject The topic of the resource Slides Military education Airplanes, Military--Recognition Warships--Recognition World War, 1939-1945 Description An account of the resource Slides developed during World War II as a training tool, for top-side battle-station personnel on board ship and for all aircraft personnel, by the US Navy. In 1942 a Recognition School was established by the Navy at Ohio State University where the method of identification was developed. In 1943 the school was taken over by the US Navy. The importance of training in visual recognition of ships and aircraft became even more evident during World War II. Mistakes resulting in costly errors and loss of life led to an increased emphasis on recognition as a vital skill. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource United States. Navy Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides (RHC-50)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-04-04 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-50 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1943-1953 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Source <a href="http://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/477">Naval recognition slides, RHC-50</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-50_1461 Title A name given to the resource Elan class, French mine sweeper Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource United States. Navy Description An account of the resource Elan class, French AM (mine sweeper), October 1, 1947. Subject The topic of the resource United States. Navy Military education Warships--Recognition World War, 1939-1945 Slides France Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en">No Copyright - United States</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Naval recognition slides (RHC-50) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1947-10-01 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/a05b6eddc79ddb4bd5138a5920b49c4b.pdf 2bc0b99b61201a8ac73fd08b4774a6b5 PDF Text Text Young Lords In Lincoln Park Interviewee: Marie Merrill Ramirez Interviewers: José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez Location: Grand Valley State University Special Collections Date: 5/16/2012 Biography and Description English Marie Merrill Ramirez was a Young Lord in the 1970s in Milwaukee, Wisconsin where she worked closely with Chapter leader and Minister of Education, Dr. Luis “Tony” Baez. The Milwaukee Chapter worked within the university (UM) but primarily focused its organizing efforts in the community around deplorable housing conditions and discrimination, youth support and development, and bilingual education. In 1969, she and a group drove from Milwaukee to New York City to attend a major gathering for Puerto Rican self-determination and connected with other travelers in Chicago’s Lincoln Park neighborhood, at the Young Lords’ People’s Church headquarters. Ms. Ramirez is currently living back in Mayaguez, where she is involved with Minh (Movimiento Independentista Nacional Hostosiano) defending organizing rights of People, especially the workers, who she feels is the main force capable of making true change. They formed their group May 6, 2004 out of two branches of the P.S.P. ( Puerto Rican Socialist Party). The Hostosianos want to make Puerto Rico a free sovereign and independent nation. Minh members organize for a better education, health, culture, jobs and housing. And they work hard to uplift activists’ awareness of the conditions. They strongly feel that all social forces must unite, if they are to bring about any change. �Ms. Ramirez and many others participated in the fight to evict the United States Navy from Vieques, in defense of the environment, in the battle against Superpuerto, against the exploitation of mines in the mountainous center of the Island, and in the struggle to free the political prisoners. During the Vieques camp occupations, she wrote in blogs and reported about the U.S. military bombings of the Puerto Rican Island. Then she wrote about the victory of the campers to force the United States Military to leave Vieques. She continues to report that the struggle continues to get the U.S. to clean up their lands and to finance health programs for Puerto Ricans dying of diseases, related to the Navy’s military contaminations. Ms. Ramirez helped to organize a Peace March and a 24 hour vigil in front of Filiberto Ojeda’s house at Hormigueros, Puerto Rico, where the F.B.I. traveled from Atlanta, Georgia and shot and killed the Freedom Fighter. She has supported the struggle for the release of the political prisoners, including Oscar López Rivera. In 2010, she joined with sports athletes, artists, lawyers, medics, journalists, teachers, motivational speakers, and students to welcome and support all athletes (especially the Cuban) athletes at the Caribbean and Central American Games in Mayagüez. Even more recently, she hosted La Tertulia, a special event for the Young Lords. It was also organized in her hometown of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico. Spanish Marie Merrill Ramirez a trabajado como activista para la comunidad y la sección de Young Lords en Milwaukee por mucho tiempo. Ayudo con los problemas de la vecindario en el norte y el sur de la cuidad, enfocándose en estabilizando educación bilingüe en las escuelas. Ahora vive en Mayagüez, Puerto Rico donde sigue advocando para la autodeterminación de Puertorriqueños. Durante la huelga de estudiantes en 2010-2011, que fue la huelga mas larga y grande en la historia de Puerto Rico, Marie Ramirez tomo parte y trabajo con otros en coaliciones de uniones de trabajo, profesores, estudiantes, y activistas dentro de Puerto Rico. El gobierno tuvo que dejar la tarifa que iba doblar el costo de atender la universidad. Pero la victoria más significante fue que le movimiento de estudiantes forzó que el gobierno se sentara en la mesa de negaciones. � https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b9bf367f7f9579c5b5e5430b9ee5e661.mp4 d1b2949fa7ff9c3e0390b52cae696e27 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Young Lords in Lincoln Park Collection Subject The topic of the resource Young Lords (Organization) Puerto Ricans--United States Civil Rights--United States--History Lincoln Park (Chicago, Ill.) Personal narratives Social justice Community activists--Illinois--Chicago Description An account of the resource Collection of oral history interviews and digitized materials documenting the history of the Young Lords Organization in Lincoln Park, Chicago. Interviews were conducted by Young Lords' founder, José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez, and documents were digitized from Mr. Jiménez' archives. The Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection grows out of the ongoing struggle for fair housing, self-determination, and human rights that was launched by Mr. José “Cha-Cha” Jiménez, founder of the Young Lords Movement. This project is dedicated to documenting the history of the displacement of Puerto Ricans, Mejicanos, other Latinos, and the poor from Lincoln Park, as well as the history of the Young Lords nationwide. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jiménez, José, 1948- Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/491">Young Lords in Lincoln Park collection (RHC-65)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-04-25 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng spa Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-65 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 2012-2017 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Título Spanish language Title entry Eldelmira Cruz vídeo entrevista y biografía Sujetos Spanish language Subject terms Young Lords (Organización) Puertorriqueños--Estados Unidos Derechos civiles--Estados Unidos--Historia Lincoln Park (Chicago, Ill.) Puertorriqueños--Relatos personales Idioma español--Relatos personales Justicia social Activistas comunitarios--Illinois--Chicago Puertorriqueños--Illinois--Chicago--Vida social y costumbres Source <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/491">Young Lords in Lincoln Park (RHC-65)</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-65_Cruz_Eldermina Title A name given to the resource Eldelmira Cruz video interview and biography Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Cruz, Eldelmira Description An account of the resource Eldelmira Cruz is from San Lorenzo, Puerto Rico. She migrated to the Chicago Lincoln Park neighborhood in 1969 and lived right by the People’s Church. Her memories of her early days in Chicago include the work the Young Lords were doing as they grew into a human rights movement. Ms. Cruz recalls the fight in the courts for the Free Community Day Care Center, the Free Breakfast for Children Program, and the Ramón Emeterio Betances Free Health Care Clinic. She and her children also used these resources. Ms. Cruz describes a culture shock as she says she grew up all her life in the countryside in Puerto Rico. Ms. Cruz participated and volunteered in the Young Lords People’s Church. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jiménez, José, 1948- Subject The topic of the resource Young Lords (Organization) Puerto Ricans--United States Civil Rights--United States--History Lincoln Park (Chicago, Ill.) Puerto Ricans--Personal narratives Spanish language--Personal narratives Social justice Community activists--Illinois--Chicago Puerto Ricans--Illinois--Chicago--Social life and customs Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2012-06-27 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/629f80c5bdc266ac5a20c692c7976968.jpg 0f1a302f4e4927a296b22f139b2c5e9c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Summers in Saugatuck-Douglas Collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Kutsche Office of Local History Description An account of the resource Collection contains images and documents digitized and collected through the project "Stories of Summer," supported by a National Endowment for the Humanities Common Heritage Grant. The collection aims to document the twin lakeshore communities of Saugatuck and Douglas, Michigan, as they transformed through the state's bustling tourism industry and acceptance of minorities. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1910s-2010s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Various Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">Copyright Undetermined</a> Subject The topic of the resource Michigan Saugatuck (Mich.) Douglas (Mich.) Michigan, Lake Allegan County (Mich.) Beaches Sand dunes Outdoor recreation Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries. Allendale, Michigan Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Saugatuck-Douglas History Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Stories of Summer (Common Heritage project) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Text Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-07_SD-Brigham-D_0090 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Brigham, D. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960 Title A name given to the resource Elderly woman with books Description An account of the resource Photograph of an elderly woman standing in front of a small white house with she has two books in hand, wearing a gray and white striped dress. Circa 1960s Subject The topic of the resource Michigan Saugatuck (Mich.) Allegan County (Mich.) Women Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digital file contributed by D. Brigham as part of the Stories of Summer project. Relation A related resource Stories of Summer (project) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">Copyright Undetermined</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/a45e1bf82f44d34ebefddf80d5d26085.pdf 1cd7d7a2fa8bb040a76acce2823498fc PDF Text Text MUSKEGON, MICHIGAN OFFICERS SAMUEL G . KLAYF. PRESIDENT LEO S . ROSEN, 1ST VICE-PRES. HAROLD A . SILVERMAN. 2ND VICE-PRES. S . I. ROSENBERG. SECRETARY EUGENE FISHER. FINANCIAL SECRETARY .. ,4, t .. , ' , RUBEN BERMAN, TREASURER TRUSTEES ABE ASHENDORF LOUIS M. BERMAN MORRIS BERNSTEIN FRANCIS N . FINE JOSEPH HECHT MAX LEBOW REUBEN L. LEVY FRED RODOFF MAX ROSENBERG DR. MORRIS TELES r ,.., .... ...,. ------------- ,. { , . ,., ·r 1 V 1 .,,,. r ,....,. " ,..., T r• "'I . "-( "r ? > �t.r. e.:,. + 7 MILT ON STEINDLER DR. MORRIS TELES SOL A . SILVERMA N PRESIDENT S. I. ROSEN BERG VICE PR£BIDENT TREASURER SECRETARY 3Vlona View Jewish Cemetery Association MUSKEGO N , M ICHIGA N OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY 1710 BEACH STREET (' r .. ...,. .. , , - 7 . .. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Temple B'nai Israel Collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Temple B'nai Israel (Muskegon, Mich.) Description An account of the resource Collection of photographs, scrapbooks, programs, minutes, and other records of the Temple B'nai Israel in Muskegon, Michigan. The collection was created as part of the L'dor V'dor project directed by Dr. Marilyn Preston, and was supported by grants from the Kutsche Office of Local History and Michigan Humanities Council. Original materials were digitized by the University Libraries and returned to the synagogue. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digital objects were contributed by Temple B'nai Israel as part of the L'dor V'dor project. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Subject The topic of the resource Jews--United States Muskegon (Mich.) Scrapbooks Synagogues Women--Societies and clubs Minutes (Records) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Allendale, Michigan Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Preston, Marilyn Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Relation A related resource L'dor V'dor (project) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-08 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Text Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Circa 1920s-2018 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-08_BI-1947-ElectedOfficials Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Congregation B'nai Israel Mona View Jewish Cemetery Association Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1947-08-11 Title A name given to the resource Elected Officers, 1947 Description An account of the resource Letters certifying the elected officers of Congregation B'nai Israel and the Mona View Jewish Cemetery Association, August 11, 1947. Subject The topic of the resource Jews--United States Muskegon (Mich.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Digital file contributed by the B'nai Israel Temple as part of the L'dor V'dor project. Relation A related resource L'dor V'dor (project) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/898c25439a90d59bf7c2f4d901bcf0ff.jpg b3675d7b56e750def047237e16c271cc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Douglas R. Gilbert Photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R., 1942-2023 Description An account of the resource Photographs scanned from negatives and transparencies from the Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183). Douglas R. Gilbert (b. 1942) is an American photographer from Michigan. He was born in Holland, Michigan and is the son of Russell W. and Carmen (Andree) Gilbert. Gilbert earned a B.A. in social sciences and art at Michigan State University in 1964, an M.S. in photography from the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute of Technology in 1972, and a M.S.W. from Salem State College in 1993. He is married to Barbara (McDonald) Gilbert, and has three daughters, Robyn, Rachel, and Anne. Gilbert took a serious interest in photography at the age of fourteen. In 1963 he joined the staff of Look magazine in New York as the second youngest photojournalist in the magazine's history. As a Look photographer from 1964 to 1966, he photographed folk musician Bob Dylan, the Newport Folk Festival, Simon and Garfunkel, the New York City Financial District, the children and facilities at the Manhattan School for Seriously Disturbed Children. From 1967 to 1969, Gilbert did several shoots, including that of folk singer Janis Ian for Life magazine. After moving to Chicago, Illinois in 1969 to attend the Illinois Institute of Technology, Gilbert conducted notable photo shoots of business and political figure Lenore Romney, and pursued more personal and artistic photography, focusing on urban and rural landscapes in Illinois and Michigan. He then joined the faculty of Wheaton College, where he taught from 1972 to 1982. In 1993, Gilbert graduated from Salem State College, Massachusetts, with a Masters in Social Work, and later pursued a second career as a psychotherapist. Douglas Gilbert died in June 2023. Throughout his photography career, he pursued both freelance commercial work as well as artistic work. His art photography is characterized by its classic black-and-white format, and features people, places and objects shot great attention and sensitivity. Gilbert's works are held in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, and the Grand Valley State University Art Galleries, as well as in numerous private and institutional collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-2011 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="%E2%80%9Dhttps%3A//gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783%E2%80%9D">Douglas R. Gilbert Papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Photographs Photography -- United States Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Image Type The nature or genre of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-183_M300-0007 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gilbert, Douglas R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1972-11-07 Title A name given to the resource Election night, Chicago, Illinois Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of a democratic rally held on election night in support of Democratic nominee, Dan Walker, during the 1972 Illinois gubernatorial election in Chicago, Illinois. Incumbent first-term Republican governor Richard B. Ogilvie lost reelection in an upset to the Democratic nominee, Dan Walker. In the photograph, a group of Walker's supporters are gathered together at the rally, with one of them wearing a jacket with the words, "Vote Today Democratic" posted on the back along with posters and banners for "Walker for Governor" seen in the background. Scanned from the negative. Subject The topic of the resource Walker, Daniel, 1922-2015 Illinois. Governor (1973-1977 : Walker) Governors--Illinois Elections--Illinois--Chicago Black-and-white photography Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/783">Douglas R. Gilbert papers (RHC-183)</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives