263 24 26018 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/de1349923a2775b51a109da3d246ab19.jpg 246d6692b8df7928938e902c8aa4779b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context AlkemaChester_Photo03 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Alkema, Chester Description An account of the resource Chester Alkema, Art Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College teachers Universities and colleges – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/788668f80f8d8ccdfacb61c96e1e3489.jpg 6d65c091697b5a635fa59a8138864dcb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context AlkemaChester_Photo02 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Alkema, Chester Description An account of the resource Chester Alkema, Art Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College teachers Universities and colleges – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c6e3b1776c73aaacf3e7e4e816401781.jpg 32aefa1d0cbd1413ba2273efb2c93212 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context AlkemaChester_Photo01 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Alkema, Chester Description An account of the resource Chester Alkema, Art Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College teachers Universities and colleges – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/29be5175996fed8dabf2567a5d54ca3d.jpg 5e9593c06e880cd1fcb2a180758d8ced Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context AlegriaMauricio Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Alegria, Mauricio Description An account of the resource Mauricio Alegria, Spanish Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College teachers Universities and colleges – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/f64ba548faced87884c3f45d97ba96b5.jpg b037159e937c75aa2be980ffde8e6e92 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context AgorWestonH Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Agor, Weston H. Description An account of the resource Weston H. Agor, Political Science Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College teachers Universities and colleges – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c1e1bc0d522f3b4097a77e3ab3762605.jpg b7909d518f5904ebf0f83f2ce66ef47b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context AdamskiJoseph Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Adamski, Joseph Description An account of the resource Joseph Adamski, Computer Science Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College teachers Universities and colleges – Faculty Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/aeb2bb70da9eb9ef7451a0dd7e48d1fe.jpg 77435f15d5912282af6469c6d0b96e1d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context AcevedoWalter Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Title A name given to the resource Acevedo, Walter Description An account of the resource Walter Acevedo, Admissions Counselor Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College administrators Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/ff9b9dfe64206f4fa991ae2ba59f2b83.jpg f8d7a9eea1150b56415514ded7b4c370 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faces of Grand Valley Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource University Communications Description An account of the resource A non-comprehensive collection of photographs of Grand Valley faculty, staff, administrators, board members, friends, and alumni. Photos collected by University Communications for use in promotion and information sharing about Grand Valley with the wider community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960s - 1990s Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived GV012-03. University Communications. Vita Files Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copryight Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University College administrators College teachers Colleges and universities -- Faculty Michigan Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GV012-03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1984_BoardofControl Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. University Communications Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1984 Title A name given to the resource 1984 Board of Control Description An account of the resource 1984 Board of Control, [Left to Right]: Arend D. Lubbers, Barbara Van't Hof, Robert Kleiner, Arnold Ott, Maxine Swanson, Robert Hooker, Earl Holton, and William Pickard. Subject The topic of the resource Grand Valley State University – History College administrators Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University Communications. Vita Files, 1968-2016 (GV012-03) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource eng 1984s https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0f1e86dcc1eae319337d7015ad2bd714.mp4 d2bf84bef5688122620f0ed1b859d238 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/949efe557fdd301659dc1302f3e57c22.pdf cb68ce2e3abeb4ec0b624ddc9299cbcf PDF Text Text Native American Oral Histories Gi-gikinomaage-min Project Interview: Christine Marcus Stone Interviewer: Belinda Bardwell Date: February 15, 2016 [Lin] Okay...Well good morning Chris! [Chris] Good morning. [Lin] Good afternoon. So, you were saying that you were born in Tuscon. [Chris] Tuscon, Arizona. [Lin] And then you were adopted. [Chris] Mmhm. [Lin] Were your parents from there originally? How did they get connected? [Chris] My parents, who adopted me, are originally from here, Rockford - Tower City, area. [Lin] Okay. [Chris] And they moved out there for my father's work. Well, he wasn't my father at the time. He moved out to work, he used to work for the University of Arizona. They built a little pueblo on the desert. Right in the middle of all these cactus. It was amazing. And my mother even witched her own well out there. Amongst the cowboys, and the snakes, and the horses and such. So, and then they were out there for eleven years. About the ninth/tenth year they found me, through this agency. So, [Lin] When you say witch for water, what does that mean? [Chris] She had a stick, and I don't remember what type of stick it was, it was apparently quite common out there. 'Cause they bought this eleven acres of land, and there was no water. And, of course, you have to have a well. And so she had a stick, maybe they call it a divining stick? And she was holding it, at the two ends and it was like a Y-shape thing and then she walked across the desert, around the house. All of a sudden, the stick starts to shake, and that's where they dug for the water. And, she had well. [Lin] Interesting. So, what Native group, or how would you describe yourself and your 1|Page �ethnicity? [Chris] Well, I was lucky enough to find out through my parents who knew the doctor. Navajo, Scottish, and some English. [Lin] Okay. [Chris] I'm a mixed bag. [Lin] So, you were transported back here. How old were you when you moved here? [Chris] I think two or three. And my parents first went to Detroit, and then moved to Grand Rapids soon after that. [Lin] So where did you grow up in Grand Rapids? [Chris] I went to Alger School. So, I grew up on Almont Street. Walked to school every day. And the house still is there. I drive by it occasionally. [Lin] Really? Still standing, huh? [Chris] Yeah, yeah. [Lin] Have you ever thought about going back in and-- [Chris] Knocking on the door? [Lin] Yeah. [Chris] Yeah. To see if the blue and white check wallpaper that I wanted put up is still there? Yeah. [Lin] So, you were two and three when you moved to Grand Rapids what was your first memory of living in an urban area? [Chris] Well, I would say the area I lived in was almost a quintessential urban area. Rows of cute little houses, and perfect little street. And you got the neighbors. We played kick the can at night or hide n' seek and stuff. It wasn't very much of a mixed neighborhood. But we had a lot of fun as kids. We played outdoors a lot. And, I walked to school. And spent all my time at Alger school, and ice skating and just growing up a kid. [Lin] You said you went back to visit in nineteen seventy. Can you tell me a little bit about that? 2|Page �[Chris] Mmhm, back to Tuscon. When I was high school, which was at Interlochen Arts Academy, we did a field trip. And we went to a-- there was a number of us, 'bout...I'd say seven or eight of us. That flew out to Phoenix. I flew out a little bit before to Tucson, to visit some of my parents friends that we're still in there and then they took me around and showed me where I was born. And where the old house was, the old little pueblo that my parents built. Which I still have a lot of pictures of, and they hand built it with the help of some Hispanic people. I still have some of the relics from that house. My mother loves art. So, I still have some really early pieces of art from there. [Lin] Nice. So it's still standing, huh? [Chris] I think so, yeah. [Lin] When was your last visit? [Chris] Well that was in seventy. I haven't been back for a long time. I do so much here. I just haven't really had the chance to go back. [Lin] Is that something you want to do? [Chris] Oh, yeah! Sure. Not probably to live because -- It's strange but being born in the desert, being here all these years, I'm like a woods and waters girl is what I tell myself. I love the woods and the water here. I live on the lake now, so it would be tough too. I love the beauty of the desert, and I would love to go back and visit. Even every year would be fabulous but that's not going to happen right now. So... [Lin] So, you’re a water girl now, huh? [Chris] I love water, yup! [Lin] So you went to Interlochen… [Chris] Arts Academy [Lin] Arts Academy. Can you tell me about that high school? [Chris] Well, that's uh… They probably did for me for my career, because I am a painter. By my learning the most for me as far as-- I'd say relying on myself to create and to compete with only myself. I mean I love to look at other people work. But I know that I want to compete with myself through the last picture I did and the last painting. I do about a hundred and twenty paintings a year. 3|Page �[Lin] That keeps you pretty busy. Did you have any other Native students in your school? [Chris] Not in school. Not in that school. I was trying to think back. When I was--When I lived in Arizona it was a child. We used to go to these--there was like trading post. And we used to go all the time, my mom would bring me. And I would dance with the local Natives there. You know, I didn't have an outfit to wear or anything. I just had civilian clothes [Lin] So were you involved with the Native community in Grand Rapids? Did you know about the native community? [Chris] I was associated with the Grand Valley Indian Lodge. The Peter's family, I got to know them. One of the first pow wows I went to was in Hastings. Years ago. I mean a long time ago. Oh, golly. I would have to think back. I went to high school with Lisa Shawnesse. Whose now well, she's walked on. That would have been sixty-eight/sixty-nine, eleventh grade. And that's when we'd go up north with Moose Pamp and protest the bones up there. I think they were with Saint Ignace. There was somebody over there with open graves. [Lin] Who'd you go to Saint Ignace with? [Chris] It'd be Lisa Shawnesse. And she was from Petoskey. So, we'd stay there in Petoskey. [Lin] And you mentioned the Peters. [Chris] Ike Peters and May Peters. Both of who have now walked on, and the Peter's girls are still around and Renee is there daughter--Renee Diller. And we call her Wassan. [Lin] Moose Pamp. Do you have any interesting stories about Moose? [Chris] Just that he was very charismatic. He was really a good leader. I wish he'd been able to live longer. I think he would have been fabulous to draw the communities around here, you know better. I think he would have been-- got everybody closer. You know because we don't--At that time, we didn't have really somebody to... that was good leader not only for Pottawatomies, but Odawas and such, and Chippewas. [Lin] Any anecdote. [Chris] No, I just thought he was a really neat person. I knew his mother and sister. And they were all equally as--such a neat family. A lot of power there. You know, he 4|Page �was a good dancer. And I remember his kids when they were born. We used to go down to Martin's all the time. I'd see him there. His family there. We'd watch them grow up I think I saw his son. I don't know how many years ago. It was probably five-six years ago, now. All grown up. So that was a real, wow. See these kids, you know fully dressed out there during the pow wow, dancing. But Moose was a good dancer, too. I remember Detroit Pow wow. He would come out on the dance floor, so great to see him. Yup he'd shake it. So, it was great to see him, you know both sides of his world. That side the being that dances at our pow wows. I get used to [INAUDIBLE] dances. That's just from living in the south. [Lin] You mentioned the Martins. What Martins would you be referring to? [Chris] George Martin and Sid. Pumpkin. And then of course Dave Shenogkwit (?). [Lin] Yup. So after high school, what were you busy doing after high school? [Chris] I worked for a year, at Meijer, I bagged groceries. Did that, and then I went on to Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Art in Philadelphia. Which was a great school except I, personally, could not hack living in the city. The Center City deep. You know a city that's like...You had to walk to school every day, over a mile. And just the inner-city kind of stuff was really tough. Because coming from Interlochen where it's all woods and the biggest scare is to see a raccoon off across the parking lot. Then you go into down town Philadelphia. It's kind of a wakeup call. [Lin] So where did you grow up? [Chris] I grew up here in Grand Rapids. [Lin] In Grand Rapids in the city? [Chris] Mhm, in the city. Until sixth grade. And then I went to Central High School, and then I went to Interlochen for my last year. [Lin] Oh, okay. [Chris] And Interlochen for my art career. I just, I can't express how important that was for me the training there the motivation. That fire that that lit in me there at that school to create. If it wasn't for that school I wouldn't be probably as prolific as I am today. [Lin] So how long did you go to Penn. Fine Arts? [Chris] Well, Interlochen I went for the last year, graduated. Then I went to Philadelphia just for probably a few months. Six months. I'm really just had a terribly difficult 5|Page �problem with hearing the street fights down below the apartment. And just seeing homeless people with their problems on the way to school. With people coming up to you in these bigger cities. You know, I was young. I mean I was just a young girl. I just--I just… [Lin] Did you move out there by yourself? [Chris] Yeah, I moved out to Philadelphia by myself, and I lived right downtown. Right downtown. [Lin] Ah, yes. That is different. [Chris] But I remember my apartment. I had my Navajo rugs spread out, and some of my native things there. It was tough, but you know then I went to Detroit for just a couple of months and lived with a friend of my mom's. Think that's when I went to Detroit Pow Wow. That's where Moose was at the time. And many other people I still know today. That's the first time I saw Floyd Westerman sing. [Lin] So, after you finished there, and you had already worked at Meijers, moved to Detroit. When you come back to Grand Rapids? [Chris] Well, I just stayed down there a couple months, and then I came back. [Lin] And what did you do-- [Chris] And then I came back. And then I went to Kalamazoo Valley Community College. So, I was like, away from home but not. You know it was like just enough far away I felt like the independence. But not right on top of my parents here in Grand Rapids. [Lin] Did you finish at K’zoo? [Chris] No, I didn't. I got married. [Lin] Did you-- Were there Native people that you associated with at Kalamazoo Community College? Was there a group? [Chris] There was never a group that I could find. Which was too bad, because that would have been fun. Nope, not there. I painted Native subjects there. Not people at the school. But just as I painted painting class. I maybe did some, maybe an abstract piece but it had very Native overtones. So, that's--that would have been back in the early ‘70s. And then I started going to more pow wows, and dancing and such. I think I figured I've been dancing forty-two years maybe? Cause of my age now. 6|Page �[Lin] Did your parents, here in Michigan, support you in giving you your Native heritage and teaching about that. Or you did you do that on your own? [Chris] Well, they supported me. Whatever I wanted to do, certainly. But I did a lot on my own. You almost sometimes you have to. If you want something bad enough. You know, whether you want power clothes and get 'em done. You just get them, you know you just do it, you can't just figure that someone is going to hand it to you. [Lin] So did you work any other places? Or did you then just become a full-time artist? [Chris] My, that's a walk down memory lane. Then, I was here with my son. He was born, [INAUDIBLE], ‘74. And I live in Rockford and I had a small store there. Which I sold a lot of crafts, beads, and such. I was raising my son, [INAUDIBLE] Went to pow wows. Did a lot of bead work. [Lin] So the store in Rockford, was it only yours? Or was it a consignment? [Chris] It was just mine. [Lin] Well received in Rockford? [Chris] I think so. Yeah, I mean some people still remember it today. Cause we sold beads. A lot of beads, before there were too many bead stores around. Now, then there seem to be like a lot of bead stores for a while now. Again here in Grand Rapids you don't find too many bead stores. Except for the big ones like Hobby Lobby and Michael's has a few beads too. But I sold a lot of seed beads and stuff that you'd need to go to work with that. [Lin] A lot of visitors in your store? [Chris] Oh, Yeah. Yup. We sold other--we had a lot of baskets. I handled a lot of baskets from up north, Mount Pleasant. From Maggie Jackson and Eli Thomas. We had gone to Canada. Purchased a lot of things that came--back in the store. Sydney Martin's mother, who has a basket. [INAUDIBLE] I have a lot of baskets from her. So, I take a trip down to Hopkins every so often. So, I still have people today if I see them somewhere in Rockford they'll say: "Oh, I still have that basket that I got from your store. I still have that pottery I got from your store." [Lin] When did you close the store? [Chris] It had to have been...I think my son was five. Probably the late ‘70s early 80s and I got married again and moved to Oklahoma. And lived down there for four years. 7|Page �And that was-- I lived in the city. [Lin] Which city? [Chris] In Tulsa. Tulsa, Oklahoma. But it was fun down there because there was so much Native influence down there. You didn't have to go for a dance. Or, you know get together on the weekends with dances. Or we went to peyote meetings too during church. [Lin] How does their dances differ from the ones you experienced up in Grand Rapids, Michigan area? [Chris] Well during the winter they're mostly indoors. But a lot of them were just at the school. And it was almost a ritual. That: "Hey, it's Friday night. [INAUDIBLE] have their dance at the school, let's go!" You know they were small. They were just for that evening, but that's what made it so fun. They were just, you know, right now. Of course, they were inside which most of the dances up here. Of course, in the summer outside. So, I got used to the inside dances just as well. But they were very well attended and of course you have a lot of conglomeration of the same tribes in the same area. Bartlesville, Osage, Oklahoma City would be more of a mix of people. But they were fairly well attended. A lot of drummers and giveaways and stuff. Just like traveling down to Oklahoma City people were always giving away shawls and things to me. You know, nice gifts. Even though they didn't know me. Just simply because I was a visitor. I find that to be really wonderful. You know in turn I've learned to do that with people, I like to give away a lot of stuff if I have it. [Lin] So, what did you down there for four years? [Chris] I was a housewife. But, I really ran a business at the food market. I had a sewing business. And I made a lot of stuff for the market and antiques and such. Also, starting about March. I'd taken different people's order for ribbon work. So, I know it fits for June. ‘Cause June-- You know, sage country, it's all about the three dances that they have down there. So, the dining room table was always laid out with broad cloth, and ribbon work, and all that kind of stuff. [Lin] I was telling Leigh that you could go to a gal in the area for Pottawatomie outfits, and reverse appliqué. So, tell me little bit about your parents here in Grand Rapids. [Chris] Well, my mother grew up in Rockford her family had a grocery store and, that's when she was growing up. Then the grocery store was sold and they had a gift shop, her parents, and they lived right on Monroe Street. 150 Monroe. And, that house is still standing. Then my dad grew up in Howard City. He was very 8|Page �athletic. They both went to Michigan State. It's where they met. So, Michigan State has fond memories for me because of them. And, I have a lot of pictures of them when they were going to school there. So, they met there, and they were married forty-seven years. And then my mom passed away. [Lin] Your dad? [Chris] My dad lived until ‘93. [Lin] Wow. [Chris] He passed away about seven years ago now. [Lin] So, you said he moved--they moved to Tucson 'cause he worked at the University of Arizona. What did do there? [Chris] He was a sports writer for the magazine. He just loved to write. He was the editor and stuff. He did work for, before it burned down in Detroit. When they lived back in Detroit. That round building. I'm trying to think of that round building. [Lin] The towers? [Chris] No. The Rotunda I believe. The Ford Rotunda. Which was, you know, much earlier than you. [Laughter] Yup. He worked there, and I remember as a little girl going there. It burned down for some reason years ago. And when we moved here he worked for the Grand Rapids Press for a while. And then he got a job with the West Michigan Tourist Association. And wrote and edited books for them. And tourist information. [Lin] Brothers? Sisters? [Chris] No brothers, no sisters. [Lin] Wow. No cousins. [Chris] Spoiled only child. No, I'm single at this time. I've been single for a long time now. Since probably the ‘81. [Lin] So, did your parents have brothers and sisters. Did you have a close family? Or were you...? [Chris] My dad was an only child. So, you have an only child, with an only child, and I have an only child. And then my mother had one sister. And we were very close. It was a neat family. Three cousins, an aunt and uncle. And the aunt and uncle 9|Page �live over here for many years. And up in Howard City. And bought a hundred and twenty acres of property. Which they guarded fearlessly. To leave natural and for the animals and wildlife. My uncle was a recycler before it was cool to recycle. I remember as a kid just going there and I'd ask him: "What are you doin' with those cans?" You know. And he would cut the ends of both of the cans and smoosh them. And he'd say: "I'm saving space in the recycling, 'cause I'm gonna take these in these are going to be recycled into something else." And that was way back before we have today, all the messages to recycle. But he-he fiercely guarded that land. And it's set on the Little Muskegon River. They did have some swans. You know, whatever wildlife came there way. [Lin] Is that property still protected? And still there? [Chris] Yeah. But someone still lives there. You know they built their own house. You know and he built a lot of the stuff on that property. But even like the roads going into the house Royce left, they were never paved. They were just two trackers into a real nice house, overlooking the river. He Just wanted to keep it natural. And for years you would go up there where the house was and we'd have to use what they would call the loony bin. Which was the bathroom--which was the outhouse up there. [Lin] Hm. [Chris] And my aunt was an artist too. And she would like to write and paint. She worked for the paper in Greenville and then Rockford. And my mother also was an artist. Although she didn't paint much, which was too bad. 'Cause she really was good at what she did. But she did a lot of embroidery. And, um--so… [Lin] So, who was your big influence in becoming an artist? I realize that a lot of that comes from within, but who set you down the path of going to Interlochen and who inspired you? [Chris] Well, you know, when I was here in Grand Rapids, I didn't really know about Interlochen and then one of my friends, her name was Maureen Bell, she went there. And she was telling me about the school. And she knew that I painted and stuff. She said: "You know, you really should go to Interlochen." And I didn't know what it was. And she was telling me about it. And then over at her parents’ house, her mother's house, there was a self-portrait of her that she did at Interlochen. And I was so impressed with that. I thought: "I gotta know more about this school." So, this was like tenth grade. So, it took part of tenth grade and eleventh grade to get in; do all the paperwork, and then you have to go in, and have interview, and sent all this artwork and such. So, I was able to go, thank goodness, for my senior year. I would have loved to have gone for two years. But the training there--the intensity of it, you know you just learn to um-- 10 | P a g e �just compete with yourself. Not to compete with other artists. But to keep up with yourself. Because I can't express enough. And to be a real critical eye. Not so much to discourage yourself, but be honest with yourself and your creativity. And really say: "Is this right in this painting?" So, I had, actually there, I had painting and drawing. And I had weaving. Because the difference of Interlochen you have four hours a day of art. And you have a major and a minor. [Lin] Wow. [Chris] By the time you get out, at twelfth grade, you are considered to have about the training of a first year in college. [Lin] Interesting. [Chris] It's very intense. So then, of course, after dinner that we'd go back to the art room to keep going at it as far as weaving, or drawing, or whatever we were trying to finish for the end of the year. [Lin] Hm. Was your biological mother or father an artist? [Chris] That I don't know. I heard that my biological father had something to do with building or wood. Maybe, I don't know if he's a carpenter or exactly what. [Lin] Well that's artistic. [Chris] Yeah. [Lin] So growing up as an only child. Having been the daughter of an only child. Did you pull from the native community for family members? Like-- [Chris] I think it was about equal. I had a lot of good friends. Like May Ring or May Peter's I should say. Her maiden name was Ring. And she was just like a mother to me too. So, I was very blessed in knowing so many older women in the community. Which also taught me a lot. Jeanette Sinclair is one, and May. You know it's... I was just very blessed with all the people I knew. I was on the, with Rene, I was on the Native Women's Softball Team too. I can't remember what year that was-- That would be...and I remember I got in trouble for throwing the bat once at the end of the year. When you're supposed to have...I was so excited to hit the ball, and the takeoff that I...'Cause I was never really a fast runner. I just remember that I was so-- I was devastated. I them saying something over the speaker about throwing the bat. I mean, like, I hit the ball and threw the bat down too hard or something. Maybe I didn't throw it at anyone. My gosh. It seems like a million years ago. Well, it kind of was. 11 | P a g e �[Lin] Sports was a big intercity Native kind of past time. Besides softball what do you remember? [Chris] I remember going to some other games, but that was really for me. You know that I remember participating, yeah. Because I was never really sports-y. Although my dad said that I was naturally athletic. And I was a really good swimmer. But, I'm not competitive. So. I probably never would've done it had not Renee been there. I think she was fourteen I probably was. Maybe seventeen? I'd really have to do the numbers to remember. [Lin] Jeanette Sinclair was a key important person in this community. Anything you'd like to share about your experiences? Or hanging out with Jeanette? [Chris] She was just so wonderful and soft-spoken. I mean she was very smart. You know, like you said, she was a key player in this community. She also was one of the first people that taught me how to do bead work at Grand Valley. At Grand Valley Indian Lodge, I had met a lot of people through there. Uh, Native and nonNatives. And the Lodge has changed now. It used to be there was two meetings a month and very well attended. But now I'm not sure what’s going on, you know as far as meetings. But they still have the pow wow. And I was head dancer at that pow wow. And that would have been probably, ’73, ‘74. [Lin] And were they held at the river? [Chris] They initially weren't and I passed the place they wanted a boy scout camp, in Comstock Park. But, you know, as I pass that place now, and I look down at that... I don't know how that pow wow was ever held there. Because, unless they built it up in between then and now-- I don't know if there's room. But it was at this old boy scout camp. And it was plenty at that time, room. And it just seemed bigger at the time. Now, it just doesn't seem big enough. [Lin] The Hastings Pow Wow you mentioned was that still held at the same spot on the river. [Chris] Yeah, Charlton Park, I believe so... [Lin] It's a beautiful place. [Chris] Yeah. [Lin] So did your parents get involved in the Native community at all? [Chris] Not particularly, No. 12 | P a g e �[Lin] But they supported you? [Chris] Oh, absolutely. I mean they'd come to pow wows. But I mean they didn't dance or anything like that. I think they had their own things going on too. No, they supported me totally. [Lin] That's good. Growing up in Grand Rapids, did religion play a big part growing up and maneuvering through urban...? [Chris] Actually, uh… My parents went to South Congregational Church and I was part of the church. You know, I went to Sunday school. Like once in a while. Most of the time I got out of it because I was really bored with all that business. I just couldn't relate to the Christian part. Not that it was bad...it just. It just didn't make any sense to me. And actually, after a while I preferred to sit upstairs and listen to the...upstairs of the preacher...the minister. So, and then I remembered they asked me to join the church. You know how they give you a bible and stuff? I just never did. I just never felt that that was where I was supposed to be. And then on one of my birthdays, I would have to go back and… I remember the church. A tornado went through the church. Well, okay… I remember me getting on my bike. Because I couldn't drive at the time. And I got on my bike from where I lived rode it down to the church, and I looked at, it was very sad to see that that tornado literally went right through the worship area. And the rose windows were left standing at the end. And I was glad, seeing all that stained glass smashed all over the pews were all tangled and it was really sad...horrifying. So, after that I really never had interest at all, going back into the church. But my parents did. You know they still came back for a while if their health permitted it. [Lin] Were they disappointed that you didn't join the church? [Chris] I don't think they were disappointed. I was always a little bit of my own thinker. And they were so wonderful in that they let me be what I wanted to be. And if it just wasn't in my constitution to go...it's like, okay. You know, they didn't force me or anything to go. [Lin] That's good. So that wasn't right for you. Where did you find spirituality or your connection to where you are now? [Chris] I had a lot of teachers at different times in my life. Somewhere in Oklahoma. Somewhere here. All of which really are gone now. They were elderly at the time when I was younger. When I was in early twenties they were elderly. Little Luck was one person that I was close with. He'd stop at the house and we'd go searching for...this was when I was in Rockford...we'd go searching for medicines and he'd teach me things. 13 | P a g e �[Lin] The time you had your store, as an adult? [Chris] Yes. This would have been early seventies. [Lin] Okay. [Chris] And Maggie Jackson. She was from Mount Pleasant. She was also a good basket maker too, her hands would hurt when she worked. Because she was quite elderly. When I knew her too. [Lin] So did you take part in any ceremonies or just traditional practices? [Chris] Not formally. Also, being around the Martins. George Martin and Sid. So, I never like went to up north to ceremonies or anything. Not particularly. [Lin] Now we're on to urban life experiences. Generally speaking. So you had mentioned being part of protests up in Saint Ignace. With Moose Pamp, I believe? [Chris] Mhm. [Lin] Were you involved in any other national organizations that focus on civil rights or any of the other political organizations. [Chris] No just-just native based kinds of things. I remember when we did go to-to that protest up in Mackinac. We protested the, there was a gathering. There were a lot of Natives there. There must have been a hundred and some folks gathered for--and that was when they did the reenactment at the fort where our people, not Indians, dress up like Indians and then they reenact for the tourists the takeover fort. And then we also protested on the other side at Saint Ignace. And I remember that was probably the scariest part when the state police came and they had their rifles out and their dogs, to remove us from that property. So, it didn't last long and stuff. And we all dispersed and went back over and gathered at the park across. I supported A.I.M and some of the members. And then of course as I held on to the radio and TV with Wounded Knee and that take over. But then I was back in college, trying to do that...balance. You know, figuring out what am I gonna do for my life. And that kind of thing. So, about that... [Chris] [Lin] Any other A.I.M activities later on...or? In Grand Rapids area? [Chris] Yeah. I'm trying to think who came here. Uh, do you remember who was here? I'm trying to remember names. Uh, Debbie had... 14 | P a g e �[Lin] Dennis Banks. [Chris] Yeah, Dennis Banks was here. So we got to hang out briefly with him at the pow wow. Talk with him. [Lin] During the [INAUDIBLE] or was it before? [Chris] This might have been before. This was quite a while ago. I would say ten years ago? Ten/twelve years ago, maybe? I was trying to think how long it'd been since she'd walked on...So, three years...four years... [Lin] Maybe five? [Chris] Five. So probably six/seven years before that. And then I was on the board of directors too for the North American Indian Center. When that was here...with Levi. And circle other people which I still know. I should have done a time line because I forgot exactly what years I [INAUDIBLE] was... [Lin] Would you say that the North American Indian Council? [Chris] Indian Center. [Lin] Indian Center. [Chris] It was downtown for a while. And then we moved over on to Straight Street. [Lin] Lexington? [Chris] The complex, yeah. And it lasted a few years. [Lin] I mean how is that different from the Inter-tribal Council? Was that before or after? [Chris] That would have been after. Grand Rapids Inter-tribal Council. I was in and out of there. As far as an artist at the time. [Chris] Terry Bussey(?)[INAUDIBLE] had...who… I think she's from up north originally. She has started The Great Lakes Indian Press. And I had illustrated some the of books that people wrote. Unfortunately, they were never published because that was dispersed over there. [Lin] Where are those books? What was it the north... [Chris] Uh, Great Lakes Indian Press. This was when Wag had the place...had the place 15 | P a g e �over there. At the school. Lexington School. [Lin] These books... [Chris] Grand Rapids Inter-tribal Council was what that was called I believe. [Lin] Right. [Chris] And then, as an off shoot from that, there was a Great Lakes Indian Press. Which was a separate, it was connected, but it was separate. And Terry Bussey ran that. A couple books were published. Then they got to these children's books. I was asked to illustrate two, which I did. So, most of the illustrations were done. And then the Inter-tribal dispersed. So whatever happened to those drawings, I don't know. I think Levi picked up being the head over there for a while. And then that didn't work. And so then it was better just to start a whole new Indian Center. And that's when he started the Indian Center downtown here. [Lin] The North American Indian Center? [Chris] Mhm. Yup. And then I was on that board of directors till about the last year. [Lin] You were on board for the North American Indian Center? [Chris] Yep. [Lin] Who were you on the board with? [Chris] Well, let's see. Tony Deal (?), Debbie worked as secretary...See here's the memory thing again… Corton Bates(?), there was a fella named Bob--but I didn't know him. He was actually from like Detroit. He wasn't native. I remember there's quite a few people that would come and go. You know, some would serve for a while and then they would go. Linda...I'm trying to think of the last name. Can't remember right now. [Lin] So what type of activities or services did the North American Indian Center provide? [Chris] We were under the wing of Goodwill, and did they the book keeping. Kinda oversaw the finances and the goings on of that. Some of it was...Unfortunately, we didn't have a tremendous amount of money. But we could help some people out financially. And it was very common to have someone call and say: "Hey, my heats gonna get shut off...Can we get help?" And you know, we'd be able to maybe cover the heat bill, or a new piece of furniture. Somebody didn't have a 16 | P a g e �dresser, or shoes. You know, that kind of thing, small stuff. I mean we couldn't buy somebody a car. But, you know, sometimes just having a hundred bucks worth of groceries helps a lot. There are so many people in need--Native people in need. So that was one of those projects, and then Levi had another fellow that worked that would help people find jobs. [Lin] Was it difficult for Native Americans to find jobs? [Chris] Well yeah, I think it was. Because maybe lack of education in some respects, or addiction. And to hold on to them. But, this fellow was an advocate and would help. So, I think that there was some good done there. [Lin] Can you tell me about any positive experience that made you feel best about being Native American and living in Grand Rapids? [Chris] Well, certainly the camaraderie and the friends and being able to be spiritually connected with other people. And just like knowing this much. Or where I was taught we used cedar too; and a fry pan and a piece of metal. So, it's just nice to be able to use that stuff and not think twice about it. And you have to explain it to somebody. You know, that kind of thing...That's really nice. [Lin] Do you think that there is a greater sense of community now? Or was it better back then? Or is just different? [Chris] It's different because now, with the tribes being recognized again, that has made a difference. You have different tribal members from their different tribes kinda of like with an NHBP, you have that going on that side of town. Ottawa is over here I believe in another building. They have their own things that they have to accomplish. So, back when I grew up we didn't have all those different tribes having that much influence. Almost everybody gathered at Grand Valley Indian Lodge, 'cause that was such a mix of people--Native and non-Native. That was in my time when I grew up nice, because everybody gathered and we learned different things about different people because there were programs. [Chris] So now that you have these different people and everybody's a little bit more separate--then we come together at dances and pow wows. [Lin] Were there any negative experiences being Native in an urban setting? [Chris] Growing up in school I was always darker, my hair was darker. There was all that business. People doing the war whoop. But probably one of the things that set me back was my son's name on his birth-certificate is Two Eagles Marcus. (?) When I was in Oklahoma, when I first registered him for school, when he was in kindergarten. So, we did all the registration. He went to school for a couple 17 | P a g e �weeks, and all of a sudden, the teacher calls me in kind of sheepishly. And she says: "Would you please go back to the office and resign your son in for his schooling?" And I said: "What? We did all that?" She said: "Well, I'm not supposed to tell you this, but they threw all his paperwork away because they thought it was a joke." And those were her exact words. Because of the name, it was a traditional name. So that would have been in the seventies...seventyfour...late seventies. So even then...Then we have this new thing with-- I think it's Facebook. Some of these Native names, traditional names, are getting thrown off because people think they're fake. Including my son, again, got thrown off. He had to redo all of his signing up for... [Lin] So you lived in Tulsa and you brought him back and registered him for Grand Rapids. [Chris] Mhm. [Lin] So where did he go to school? [Chris] He went to Rockford. [Lin] So what was signing him up like? [Chris] Well I signed up with his real name, but then we just called him Ben in school. Which is sad. [Lin] So you change his name? [Chris] Not legally, no. Just a nickname. But his name legally is Two Eagles, and always has been. And he goes by that now. [Lin] Where did Ben come from? [Chris] [Chris] His grandfather [INAUDIBLE] was named Ben. So, we called him Benj when he was little and Ben when he was older. It just cut through everything. And a little kid can't fight back. I remember he was about four and I had let his hair grow really long and it was black. And the kids in our neighborhood rubbed gum in it, and made him cry. Of course, it was down to his waist. He then wanted it all cut off. So that was really upsetting. But, I thought: "He's so young, he doesn't have any tools to fight with. He's just a little kid." So, we did eventually cut his hair off. It was still kind of long, like Jack Kennedy's hair. But, it wasn't down to his waist or anything. [Lin] How did that make you feel cuttin' his hair? 18 | P a g e �[Chris] It was terrible. I cried and cried and cried. That I had to do that. But, I wanted, what I had thought at the time, was best for him. I mean I couldn't be there all the time to scold the other kids. Or to explain to them, to stand guard. I couldn't. I thought: "Well how are we going to make it through this growing up without a lot of scars?" So, that's what we did. I regretted it though, I felt terrible having to cut it. But he wanted it cut. He just came in tears and they had ruined some of his hair too. Why they did it? I can only guess. [Lin] What would be your guess? [Chris] Well, full black hair down to a boy's bottom. So prejudice, I'm sure it was prejudice. [Lin] Are there negative experiences being Native? [Chris] Some here. But we had more problems in Oklahoma. 'Specially some of the small places, western Oklahoma. Maybe not getting waited on in restaurants. [Lin] So you mentioned that there are a larger number of tribes represented in a bigger population. Why do you think that there's more racism down there, when there is such a large number of Native. [Chris] Well they intermix the play between the police. As I learned more I didn't really want my son growing up down there. Because he is very, very Native looking; black hair, brown eyes, and real dark. There were a lot of stories about young men getting into jail for literally nothing. Clashes with the police, especially in some of the smaller towns. The boys never come out of jail. Somehow they're found police say [INAUDIBLE] themselves or something. All kinds of stories like that. I thought that maybe we, at the time, if we did move back that maybe he wouldn't be as immersed in the culture, but he at some point could find his way back to what he wanted. When he was old enough to defend himself. And stand up for himself as far as problems with other people. [Chris] Especially as a young kid, down in Oklahoma we did have racial problems. First of all, the name in school. And, not getting waited on in restaurants--that happened more than once. It really wasn't too long ago when you, if you were Native down there in New Mexico or Oklahoma that you were asked to sit in the back of the restaurant. Not quite up front, you know. [Lin] So he found his way back to his culture? [Chris] Well, he has. He goes by the name Two Eagles now. He runs his business with that name, and he's very well accepted. He's actually memorable to people because he is unusual. So, that turned out well. 19 | P a g e �[Lin] Do you see a shift in the way we are raising our children? Case in point, my mom didn't raise me in the native way and probably thought the same. We are given the tools that you need to grow up, you'd find your way back and regain some of those things. You see a shift in that now a days? [Chris] Not so much here. It's partly just having access to cultural things. If this were Oklahoma City there's a dance some place every Friday night. Yeah, it’s just a Friday night thing. Not a two day pow wow. But, it's just to hear those drums. And just to be able to get out there and dance informally. If you want to dress with everything, you know your dance clothes. Or if you just want to shall dance. I mean it's just--be there! Be part of it! Have a fifty-fifty raffle and just be part of all of that. [Lin] Huh, that's interesting. An informal gathering. Where I think we have so many formal gatherings. [Chris] Right. I believe some of these are put on by the Oklahoma Pow Wow Club But it's still, "so and so is going to have a couple drums at this gymnasium and you just show up. There is a lot of that out there. Especially, in some of the Bartlesville. Next week is [INAUDIBLE]. Or next week is, you know, some gymnasium. [Lin] I think we need to do that here. [Chris] I think that would be great! Especially on New Year’s Eve. That's a tough one for Natives. Do you end up at a bar? Where can you go where you don't have alcohol? [Lin] Right [Chris] You can still have an awful lot of fun. A lot of food. You can't have Natives without food. [Lin] There use to be a Y in Grand Rapids. But now I think the New Year’s sobriety pow wows are quite a distance. And New Year’s Eve-- Well there's a toss-up. [Chris] Yeah, we have that to contend with in Oklahoma. I talk about Oklahoma a lot. You know, I was there for four years. You have a little more-- You well have some influence from the Osage they have there. Tribal dances all in June. And each community hosts one dance. You know, that's a big deal. And they start getting ready years before--when you see an Osage drum passing it is so beautiful and there is a lot of pageantry to it. It's amazing. They bring horses up to the dance arena and give them away. With broad cloth blankets and hundred- 20 | P a g e �dollar bills attached to them. I've seen it. It's amazing. [Lin] So if you could summarize into one to three highlights about who you are as an urban Native, what would you want to pass on to the next generations? [Chris] I think that the red road is a good road. But it's a hard road. Especially if you want to remain traditional. I've seen somethings change that are supposed to be tradition that are different now, not so much for the good. I do have my own personal things that drive me crazy. Such as, I look around and see dream catchers everywhere. The early ones were so simple, and made correctly. I mean when I can go to the local gas station and buy a dream catcher lighter for a cigarette. It just kind of waters the whole thing down. And it makes me sad. [Lin] What other things do you see that have been appropriated? [Chris] Probably the use of wearing skirts as opposed to pants. Skirts with women and traditional things. I think when we need to wear a skirt, we need to wear a skirt. And not hid pants under it. I've heard people say: "Well that's just progress." Well to me that's not. It isn't. It defeats the whole purpose of wearing a skirt in our traditional ceremonies. So, that's just a couple things. Some of the culture things that are changed-- There's a natural way to change. We've changed culturally because of materials available, and I'm just speaking of dance clothes. Any cultural progresses with what's available. You know, its stores and trade. Some of it's okay with me. I don't want to sound really snotty about the whole thing. There are some things that have changed because of laziness and some things that naturally change. And it's part of the natural cultural change as it's changed from two-hundred years ago--what we use. There's different examples of it. I think a culture can change without being rude to the culture that came before, some of the traditions that came before. I guess what's coming to my mind is with our little boys and young men when they wear their roaches. We always had roach spreaders for [INAUDIBLE] bone, and then silver. Some local boys used CD's as a roach spreaders. I think that's neat. Because that's part of what they grew up with and that's not insulting the old ways. [Chris] That's just change and that's an evolutionary thing. And it's natural. But there are some things that, to me, are like a slap in the face. Like the use of dream catchers every place you turn around. And they're made the wrong way, they look wrong, they're not made with any prayers. That hurts me to see that. [Lin] You mentioned the red road. Could you clarify what the red road is? [Chris] It's probably more traditional. Not everything is easy. There's is a lot of things in Native culture that are easy but they're good. When we start off talking today and in other places. You know we start with off prayers. We start off with burning 21 | P a g e �cedar, smoking people off. It takes extra time, it takes someone else to do it. It takes someone puttin' themselves there to actually doctor people. When you smoke people off. It takes extra time and not everybody wants to take that time. It doesn't fit in with the schedule, so to speak. Probably the sobriety. So many Native people are depressed and falling back on addictions is very prevalent. With poverty or family problems. It's more so in the Native culture. With suicides and addiction. So that's hard to pull out of that. That take a person that really wants to, and somebody that really can help them. A lot of spiritual things have to go along with that. I hope that people can pull out if they want to. I hope that when they do there is somebody there to help them, pull them up. [Lin] Do you think that there is support in the Grand Rapids area? [Chris] Yes, I do. It might not be the easiest to find some days, but I do think that there is support. There's certain individuals even that you know we all could come in contact with will take the time to talk with you or to counsel people. They don't necessarily have to be through a program. You know, just certain people in my past. Who took the time to counsel me, or say a good word. Uplift somebody in some way, and not dwell on negative things. But the good things and the positive things. [Lin] So is there anything I didn't ask you that you want to talk about and share? [Chris] Probably when I'm driving home I'll think of a hundred. [Lin] Well, you mentioned positive things about being Native in the urban area. What would you say would be some of the positives about living in the urban area? [Chris] Well, I think through some of the- We're lucky here in Grand Rapids we have access to so many pow wows that are close. Both at the rez up in Mount Pleasant. We have Fulton. And then we have some of the centers like in HBP. We have the Odawa, Ottawas, and so tribal members can see count through those agencies. [Chris] And HBP, the clinic for instance, with behavioral health and for medical help you just have to be Native to go. You don't have to be in that tribe. Which is a really great mission for that tribe to put out that money to help, and get the grants. That's a lot of work. So, I think that those are positive things, if city Indians can find that those exist. And be able to get there and work with those programs. That support, I hope, many people. Because when I first grew up here in Grand Rapids none of those were available here. None of those programs. They were in Oklahoma, back in the seventies. But know that there here through Grand Rapids that's great. 22 | P a g e �[Lin] So, anything else? Like you said, you'll remember on your way home. [Chris] I'm sure… I can talk for hours sometime. I wasn't sure...hopefully I've helped you with… you know...talking and being a guinea pig. I don't mind. [Lin] I want to thank you for being with us today and sharing. [Chris] My pleasure. [Lin] And, I'm sure we'll so some follow up. A very interesting story. Do you have any suggestions on who we should interview? [Chris] Well, I would think Jeff Davis would be a good person. And Betty if possible. There are a few people at the clinic. Roslyn Johnson, the Head of the Health Department. She's from First Nation. There again, there is somebody that's just starting to think about traditional healing over there. There again someone that has to juggle the bureaucracy of the laws of health care and all the things that involve giving somebody a shot, even. Plus balancing the traditional ways, too, over there. Maybe having traditional healers come in, so there is person that has to work with both. Both heads of the spectrum. I hope that with some people, mainly, well with everyone, but mainly, probably city Indians, is that there is a balance there between the traditional ways and trying to function in an Indian society and follow those rules too. Which, to me it means that internal should even be more of a presence in their life, and how to live two roles. Like a turtle does, more meaningful. When you understand what's behind that. Because most of the Indians have to balance. Tremendous balance. Walking up, following the rules... Also, following traditional practices even. Having things in the car that may be things hanging from the mirror and stuff that might not be acceptable to somebody else. But is very traditional to Native people. Or, dress. Something people wear might not… to Native people we need to do that, to wear that, or have that, but to outside world that's not a good thing. I have known of situations, not me personally, it didn't happen to, but where we have burned smudge and somebody thought it was marijuana. [Chris] To Native people smudge is such a smell that is so practical, it's always there it's spiritual. It's part of your life. It's not anything bad. But if one isn't use to it, you could get in trouble. That would be a couple comments I would make. [Lin] Alright, well thank you. [Chris] You're welcome. [Lin] Belinda Bardwell, signing off. 23 | P a g e � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Interviews Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Native American Advisory Council Grand Valley State University. Kustche Office of Local History Description An account of the resource Interviews with members of Grand Rapids' urban Native American population collected as part of the Gi-gikinomaage-min Project: Defend Our History, Unlock Your Spirit. Translated from Anishinaabemowin, the original language of this area, Gi-gikinomaage-min means "We are all teachers." This is the name our project team choose to convey to the Native American community that through our stories and experiences, we are all teachers to someone. As we share those stories, we are allowing for our next generations to experience the past. Grand Rapids’ Native American community grew dramatically in the last half of the 20th century as a result of a little-known federal program that still impacts American Indian lives today. Called the Urban Relocation Program, it created one of the largest mass movements of Indians in American history. The full scope of this massive social experiment and its impact on multiple generations of Native Americans remains largely undocumented and unexplored. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015/2016 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Gi-gikinomaage-min Project Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America Indians of North America--Michigan Indians of North America--Education Potawatomi Indians Bode'wadmi Ojibwa Indians Anishinaabe Navajo Indians Dine'e Cherokee Indians Tsagali Aniyunwiya Archaeology Mound-builders Hopewellian culture Indian arts--North America Personal narrativse Grand Rapids (Mich.) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-10 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 video/mp4 application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Moving Image Text Language A language of the resource eng Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-10_Stone_Christine_Marcus_0215 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Stone, Christine Marcus Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-02-15 Title A name given to the resource Christine Marcus Stone interview (video and transcript) Description An account of the resource Christine Marcus Stone is a painter of Navajo, Scottish, and English descent, who was born in Tuscon, Arizona and moved to Michigan at a young age. In her interview, she disucsses her arts education, her personal and family history, and the Grand Rapids Native community. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bardwell, Belinda (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Navajo Indians Dine'e Personal narrativse Grand Rapids (Mich.) Indians of North America Indians of North America--Michigan Indian arts--North America Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Gi-gikinomaage-min Project Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/25ee2280a67c74c7dba4de052c6bf8ad.mp4 fc93bfdf4a63b345876db6a8659251f1 https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/2b085df2438e9c186ad436454bc892e0.pdf 31e1237dc203d0963ad12d03bf7e13fc PDF Text Text Native American Oral Histories Gi-gikinomaage-min Project Interview: Hunter Genia Interviewer: Melanie Shell-Weiss Date: November 29, 2016 [Melanie] Okay terrific. So, it is now 4:22 in the afternoon on Wednesday November 29th. Melanie Shell-Weiss and I'm here in the Eberhart Center seventh floor conference room with Hunter Genia and Belinda Bardwell. Hunter, thank you for being willing to talk with us today I appreciate it. [Hunter] Eh. Thanks. [Laughter] [Melanie] This interview is part of the Gi-gikinomaage-min Project. So, Hunter, can you start by spelling your full name for the record? [Hunter] Letter by letter? [Melanie] I know it's cumbersome but-- [Hunter] [Sing-Song Voice] H-U-N [Laughter] Wow, I got my Mom's voice in there. [Melanie] Nice. [Hunter] H-U-N-T-E-R. Middle-name Todd. T-O-D-D. Last name Genia G-E-N-I-A [Melanie] Great. Thank you. So where are you from originally? [Hunter] Uh, Grand Rapids. Born and raised. [Melanie] When were you born? [Hunter] 1969 [Melanie] Okay, what neighborhood in Grand Rapids? [Hunter] Uh, actually on the West Side of Grand Rapids. I believe we were living--well, I don't know. Somewhere on the West Side and then eventually grew up in the Walker kind of Standale area. So that's where I grew up most of my childhood and adolescence. [Melanie] Great, can you tell me about your family? 1|Page �[Hunter] [Sigh] Oh-- Where to start? Well, um-- I'll probably start with my grandparents. My grandpa is Joe John. Joe [Kinowakise?] -- John was his baptismal name. I think at two years of age it changed. My grandmother is Hazel Pontiac and, so my grandpa's areas is originally from Middle Village, Cross Village. Beaver Island kind of area. My grandmother was born, I believe, in Rosebush, Michigan. So, and her dad, Jim Pontiac, was in the Everett area. So... And then my mom was born in the McBain area. In a – true story—in a log cabin. [Laughter] As funny as it sounds, that's a lot of our people. Then she moved to Kent City, and graduated from Kent City High School in 1957. And then she moved to Grand Rapids. At probably eighteen years of age. And then she had my sister, and then my brother, and then me. So, we kind of grew up on the West Side of Grand Rapids, initially, and then moved out west of town. [Melanie] What brought your mom to Grand Rapids originally? [Hunter] Probably just work. You know, so yeah, she basically eventually got into manufacturing. She was working at Grand Rapids Metal Craft at first, and then she moved over to General Motors. And then retired from General Motors. [Melanie] Cool. What are some of your earliest memories? [Hunter] You know what? I was actually thinking about this, and you know 'cause we had the passing of Dennis Banks recently, and I was thinking about a meeting in Muskegon. Where the-- some of the members of the American Indian Movement, came in early seventies? [Melanie] Mmhm [Hunter] Because I was there and I was probably, I don't know, five, six years old maybe somewhere? 'Cause, funny story, I just remember the news coverage and it showed this boy running all around in the background, and that was me. So, but – and then I remember going out to the Longest Walk in Washington D.C. and that was around 1978. And, we rode with the Martin family. And, I think I was probably eight years old. And that was interesting. I've never seen so many Native American people in one location. And then understanding, after the fact, why we were there, and you know, the whole purpose. And really the magnitude of it. Because, if you think about it just a few years earlier, you had the standoff at Wounded Knee. You know, you had the takeover Alcatraz. You had the takeover of the Bureau of Indian Affairs buildings in Washington D.C. So, I didn't realize you know, everything until a little bit later. The significance and what that was about. You know, and then, I guess, just as you know childhood just playing sports was kind of my thing. You know, and then also too, you know, with the Grand Rapids Inter-tribal Council, my grandparents who both spoke the language 2|Page �fluently, and also attended Mount Pleasant Indian Industrial Boarding School. You know, they would often go to the events or support the events. And my grandpa was often asked to say the prayers because he would do it all in the language. You know, and so, I also remember when the pow wow, the Three Fires Pow Wow was in front of the Gerald R. Ford Museum. And that was really interesting. I think one vivid memory I had, damn it, was my brother taking me out into the pow wow circle. And so, he's gone now, and he's been gone since 2002. But, I just remember listening to the drum and it was really just calling my spirit. So, I think that my path, I guess that even I'm still on, was chosen for me, and is what the Creator had in mind for me growing up and just trying to, I guess put me in a place to try to help our people. So yeah. [Melanie] Mmhm. [Hunter] So, yeah. And then, I think where I grew up, being close to Lake Michigan. That was often always a good memory because we lived so close. Within a half hour drive and going out to, whether it's Grand Haven, or Kirk Park, or wherever, and being there with my family, and the water. Those are always positive, good memories. [Melanie] Yeah. [Hunter] You know and the school experience, and that was kind of interesting too. You know, because I think basically, I was the only identified Native American student in our school often. So, you know. [Melanie] And where did you do your schooling? [Hunter] Initially it started out at the Sand Creek Elementary(?). [Melanie] Mhm. Yeah? [Hunter] And it was part of Grandville schools. And actually, it was very close to Allendale. And I would get bused out there because I used to live, we had a house off M-45. So, I think maybe, I think it went through K through 2 there. Then when my mom got a divorce we moved closer to Standale and I lived in a mobile home park. [Melanie] Mhm, okay. [Hunter] Close to Wilson and Leonard street. You know, and so then when we move I transferred over to Kenowa Hills. That's where I went halfway through third grade through high school. So, and the interesting thing too about Kenowa. You know my grandpa was like "Kenowa, that means to look or to see." And, so you'll hear that sometimes in our songs we sing about looking at the dancers. "Kenowa" 3|Page �Yeah, so. Those are, I guess, some memories. [Melanie] Those are some good memories. [Hunter] Yeah, and I mean, and all through that time. You know too, my sister worked at Grand Rapids Inter-tribal Council for a while. So sometimes, when I would just kind of drop in there during high school. She would be working there so I really got to know people I still know today. That are alive, you know, even though they may have moved back home up north. But they served you know like board of directors or other positions. [Melanie] And what does your sister do at the Inter-tribal Council? [Hunter] She, uh, was just--I shouldn't say just--she's like an administrative assistant. [Melanie] So, something I would like to understand a little better I've read fair amount about your grandfather and his work with the Northern Michigan Ottawa Association and others. Your family has been very politically active for a long time. Could you talk about that a little bit at least what you know about it or remember how that may have shaped your thinking, that sort of thing? [Hunter] He was part of the Northern Michigan Ottawa Association. During the time that some of the Dominics that were part of that, and I think in general. I mean for my understanding of course I was young and doing my own thing. You know they were advocating, just in general, for the welfare of Ottawas general. He would always talk about the Indian money. Course he didn't really see that, you know, but it also, kind of, almost became kind of like a joke in a sense. I think a lot of our elders kind of talked like that. But as far as going into meetings, and stuff like that, I mean I didn't participate in the Northern Michigan Ottawa Association. [Melanie] You had been really young or not born yet. [Hunter] Yeah, often times you know I'd be more of a chauffeur for him. And my grandpa was legally blind. [Melanie] Yeah. [Hunter] You know. So, he had a seeing eye dog. Name was Toby, a German Shepherd. But my grandpa always got around, like he would walk all over. You know? So yeah, he’s, I guess, you know seeing how active that he was, he never like necessarily pressed that upon me. But, I'm sure it did influence me. And he would always talk about Indian education. And, going further. You know? So, I know that that was something that was important to him. I know he's helped with some of the city's work like Ah-Nab-Awen Park. He actually named the park and 4|Page �then the statue that's out there, Nishnabe Gemaw. Is something that Fred Meijer and those guys asked him to translate that too. Yeah, so I--you know. [Melanie] Was your Mother active politically as well in the community? [Hunter] Not really, no. She would always go to the events and activities. You know maybe some meetings, but being a single parent, you know, she was always kind of busy and working. Family is important, you know. We got a lot of you know cousins too, like on the West Side. And it was kind of like you know some of their parents didn't necessarily live that long. So, even though she was technically was their aunt and she kind of was like their mom in a way. She kind of held, often times, a lot of our family (cousins) together. She kind of was organizing and coordinating. You know, step up kind of person you know. So, you know. Yeah, definitely. Luckily, she's still she's still around, you know today, she still active. Now we're working on some other political stuff with just some tribal, federal recognition efforts and stuff, so... [Melanie] That's good. [Hunter] Yeah. [Melanie] So thinking about some of your own earliest experiences. Certainly, meeting with leaders of AIM in Muskegon is a big deal. Longest Walk, another. What do you remember from the West Side and even after you moved to Walker and Standale? You would have been coming of age at a time when the ITC was forming for the first time and a lot was going on. When did you become aware of some of that? What are some of your memories around that? [Hunter] Um. [Melanie] Did it matter to you? [Hunter] No, I think in a way it was something that is still missing. Like when the Grand Rapids Inter-tribal Council went away it's almost like, we just didn't have a place. Which I think is unfortunate, because there are still, you know, a lot of our people here in the West Michigan area, in the Grand Rapids area, but we don't have like a center. You know, that all of us can come together and support. And we should, but you know that's a different story. But I think, I always kind of identify with the Grand Rapids Inter-tribal Council. You know, there's a lot of families that really represented many different tribes that were on that board. You know, from Grand Traverse Band, and you know some of the Rayfields, and Mary Roberts. She was a [INAUDIBLE] and you know Roger Williams. You know the [INAUDIBLE], [INAUDIBLE] coming from Little River Band. Williams Pottawatomie. I mean it's so it was kind of cool in that way. You know? And it 5|Page �didn't matter what tribe you belonged to, you were serviced. And I think that's something just unfortunately it's missing. I mean it's good that all the tribes you know they're getting their own services and stuff like that. We just almost have become too separate in a way. And don't have a way to come together. So, I kind of miss that that part of it. And some tribes, they became federally recognized after, and not until later. You know. So, you know. But it always felt like the West Side, that Grand Rapids, was kind of like its own reservation. You know, in the city. [Melanie] In what sense? [Hunter] There were just a lot of families down here, you know? The Rayfields', the McSaby's, and the Sam's, and the--you know...the--I mean [INAUDIBLE] and just..I mean there was--you know, a lot of people that it seem like--you know, the Davis' I mean coming out of living in [INAUDIBLE] another one. You know--you know Dayse, that family, you know. I mean so--Shomans, I mean so-- It just I mean--you know. Yeah, and I mean, it was all these families sort of you know living in this area and-- But seemed like we, you know, one Grand Rapids Intertribal Council at a community event you know all those different families would show up, you know, and we would have our own, you know, ghost suppers, you know those kinds of important, you know, important cultural activities and stuff like that. You know, so yeah it--you know. It's-- [Melanie] Did Native families know each other other ways? [Hunter] Oh yeah. [Melanie] Yeah? Like how? [Hunter] A lot of them were related. [Laughter] So, I mean--you know. And your extended family. You know, and in 1990 actually took a position with Grand Rapids Intertribal Council they were starting a youth program. [Melanie] Right. [Hunter] So, I just got like a call out of the blue, and I was a little bit nervous but I was like okay. You know so we started this Young Eagles Program. And--uh...So a lot of these kids that are now--you know, have families of their own, I remember a lot of them when they were younger. Some [INAUDIBLE], some of the Daysons, and Williams, and-uh… you know. So, we're trying to, you know, use after school prevention activities. [INAUDIBLE] another family that were involved. You know. We were just--we were trying to, you know because, a lot of our people didn’t have a lot of money were down here. You know--So, I mean what are some positive activities that could be after school? That they could come to? You know, 6|Page �we just really wanted them to be proud of who they are, learn more about who they are, but we'd just do a lot of fun cultural activities too-- So, I would ask different families that knew how to do different things to come in and teach our kids. You know, then we eventually started Middle School/High School group. We started traveling around by raising our own money, not through grants, to some of the National Unity conferences. They would raise their money by actually going and doing school cultural, like pow wow education programs. And-uh. So a lot of the youth would you know, dance. But we also, through that process, they got comfortable in actually talking and explaining to the students about their dance and about the history. We did the same thing with the drum. We didn't just want to come in there and do a song and dance and leave. We want to make sure they came away with some education. So, we just kind of took a donation from the school. They used that money to go to these national conferences to pay for the hotel, the gas, everything. [Melanie] That's great. [Hunter] So yeah. Yup. So now those kids boss me around. [Laughter] They all have their own families and kids. [Melanie] So how did you get involved in that position? So you mentioned your sister worked as an administrative assistant in ITC. [Hunter] Yeah, one of my sister's friends though, she's in charge of the substance abuse program. and then one of the other families--Uh, she worked for 4H and her name was Rosanna Martell. And, so it was a collaboration.It was partially being supported by 4H because of Rosanna's involvement. And, so the Shawa[?] family, Martell family was involved in that program too. You know and we would just use the basement, and kitchen area of Grand Rapids Inter-tribal Council. and I mean we had parents come together just you know help support, you know-- and also, but yeah when they were launching it. I mean, I don't know Vicky Upton was the substance abuse director. She must of, I don't know if she talked to my sister or not but all of a sudden, I got a call at home for a part-time sub-review thing, and I was like, "Uhh, I've never done that before, but okay, I'll give it a try." And, uh--and that took me down probably--well it helped me to get to where I'm at now too because it really was talking about prevention from alcohol and tobacco and other drugs and I eventually went down the social work path and you know--Actually I got my bachelors in criminal justice, and then my master's in social work. So, I just remember I had to make a decision between criminal justice and going into the police academy when I completed the criminal justice program here, or not. [Melanie] So what attracted you to criminal justice? 7|Page �[Hunter] You know the thing is, like, I didn't really know what I wanted to do. You know? [Melanie] That is true for most of us at that age, yeah? [Hunter] Yeah. So, it was--it was like I kind of felt pressure, more-- not from the outside but you know within myself to just-- even though I didn't know what I wanted to do, just go to college, and go. You know, and I would figure it out. So, I actually I started out at Grand Rapids Junior College and got my Associates there, and then I transferred to Grand Valley. [Hunter] And then I thought maybe criminal justice, law enforcement--you know. But then I was enjoying so much what I was doing I just felt like I couldn’t make a big enough difference if I stayed in law enforcement, so I decided to stay working where I'm at--got some encouragement to go for my master's degree. So then three years after I started my master's degree. [Melanie] That's good. Were you active in Native American student groups on campus? [Hunter] Yeah, we actually we tried starting one at Grand Rapids Junior College. We actually did, we actually had some speakers come in. In fact there's the one gentleman from the Canary Effect who speaks about the-- in South Dakota about getting money from the state for the non-Native students going to the Standing Rock Tribal College and he was one of our speakers. I can't think of his name now, but we did try to get a student group going there. Then out at Grand Valley State. You know we had the Native American Student Organization there. And it, for me, the highlight, of that was bringing in Floyd Redcrow Westermen. And he came in and he did like a concert in the evening at the--I think it was the Kirk-ahof? [Melanie] Kirkhof? [Hunter] Yeah, Kirkhof. Is it Devos though, out there that has the little auditorium? [Melanie] Cook Devos has the auditorium. Was that there then? [Hunter] Yeah with the clock tower? So, he came out an' did a concert in there and it was packed. It was--it was it was nice. And 'course, everyone kind of knew him from Dances with Wolves. You know his acting and all that, but you know he was a tribal rights activist, through his music, you know he sang a lot about that I guess we kind of became friends in some way. I remember out in San Diego. I was at a youth conference and they have no evening activities planned. So, I ended up calling him, he was living in Venice Beach. And never heard back from him. But next thing you know, he comes walking into the conference with his guitar and 8|Page �[Melanie] That's great! [Hunter] Ended up doing some songs for everyone that was in attendance, and I was just like-- I just was like how awesome was that. I ended up giving him a ribbon shirt that I had and when I went to the Canadian Aboriginal Festival at the Sky Dome in Toronto I--we checked into the hotel room turned on the TV and that Naturally Native Woman movie with the three Native business women [Melanie] Yeah. [Hunter] He was in that movie and there he was wearing the ribbon shirt I gave him in the movie. [Laughter] [Melanie] That’s so great! [Hunter] I was like going hysterical, everyone thought I was nuts around the drum. You know, but--cause all of a sudden how cool is that? Ya know—'cause you never know, ‘cause people get gifts, you think wow, do they just put them on a shelf, do they just give it away? I mean I don't know! There he was wearing it in a movie. [Melanie] That's very cool. [Hunter] Yeah, yeah. And I miss Floyd I wish he was still here but it just seems like--you know--when he was present he brought kind of this serenity to you know wherever he was, you know, so...But uh, yeah. So… [Melanie] So how would you describe Grand Rapids Native American community to somebody who's never been here or to a Native American person from another part of the country? Like what would you--How would you characterize? [Hunter] Oh my gosh. Uh, Diverse? [Laughter] [Melanie] Yeah? [Hunter] Um [Melanie] In what sense? [Hunter] I don't know--you know--it was... I--you know. It--it...um… I think it just seem like I was sort of in my own little world. It seemed like growing up and what was going on with, you know, like Grand Rapids Inter-tribal Council. It was almost like I thought that was like almost the only thing that existed in the Grand Rapids Anishinaabe community. And I knew there's a lot of people. You know, sort of on the outskirts and stuff. We would just kind of like would never see them. You 9|Page �know and I remember kind of almost growing up in a way where I felt like, almost like some resentment towards them because why aren't they speaking up? Why aren't they getting involved? I mean there are so much going on that we needed to stand up and fight for and they were… they were nowhere to be present. You know, and it was just interesting. you know and just almost seemed like there was two different social classes of our own people. Those that were familiar and identified on the West Side and then you had everyone else. You know, which is kind of interesting. It was just kind of a weird dynamic. [Melanie] Did it feel like a generational thing? Or an individual choice? Or something else? [Hunter] I just--well, I just think-- I think when people move to the city and away from our traditional areas, it's like you know did they -- I mean maybe work just kind of consumed everything, and family. You know raising family and doing work and-you know--but then you had you know sort of this other core group of families that sort of were so involved in the Native Center, the Indian Center, you know-and trying to make decisions that would help our people that were in need-- you know. So, that really had kind of a profound impact on me. I think, just kind of how I guess it shaped me--assisted in shaping me in a direction that I would--you know--Like even stuff that I'm doing now and all. With these trainings for these different issues and then even my regular position. In terms of working with tribes in the United States that are trying to implement programs that will help reduce suicide, and substance abuse. It's been kind of my--I guess my life's mock work 'casue its going on twenty-eight years now. Or will be twenty-eight years next year. I mean that's--I don't know, and it's going fast. [Melanie] It goes fast. [Hunter] Yeah. [Melanie] So what we're some of those issues. Just thinking about the seventies as much as you remember the seventies, the eighties, and nineties. What were some of those real pressing issues? [Hunter] Well, you know growing up I think it's not something anything necessarily that I read. I think it's just something that is either innate or I just knew that what I was seeing with a lot of families and the struggles and sort of what they would consume their time with. You know, and I think that in combination, you know the crap they were teaching us in public school, will hurt people. I think you know it's just like this isn't--what's going on here? This isn't who we are! [Melanie] What were you taught in school about your people? [Hunter] Weren’t taught anything about it! You know we talk a lot about Michigan. And I'm 10 | P a g e �not sure if anything has really changed so much. Because the focus wasn't on the Michigan Native history and you know. But I think a lot of that for me, some of the substance abuse concerns, and drug concerns, the incarceration. You know it's like there's just, I think it just kept gnawing at me. Why is this happening? Why is this happening so much? And, and also understanding that culturally or traditionally this isn't who we aspire to be, this isn't who we are. But, you know, and then having sort of this anger at the United States. I mean you know just the treatment of our people and the violation of our treaty rights. Violation of treaties, period. I mean there was you know, it was kind of robotic in some ways going to public school back and then the same time having this this other stuff that I was carrying with me. [Hunter] And I think you know the hardest thing was. You know, what the hell can I do about it? I mean you know, you can't just make things you know disappear and go back in time. You know, start over, change the course history. Although if I could I probably would! But, that part is really just like I think has eaten at me over the years. I remember one of my family members, and he was like my mom's generation and one of her cousins. I just remember him telling me, he was like, he told me--"I didn't know any different." Like you know, the drinking and all this kind of stuff was just like how, what they did. You know 'cause--I mean, well it did make sense, because everything through government policy and even just the ripping away of traditional family culture and structure. I mean you know it's like everyone seemed like they're just kind of converted over to other stuff and kind of left our traditions behind and it's like. I just--I mean I can't fit in that world. I mean it’s hard for me to operate in that world. So, I think a lot of what motivated me in school was if we're going to have any chance of making change, and impacting change-- I'm going to have to go to school. Get my degree and sit at the same table where I can speak up for-- A lot of times you're the only Native at the table. Nobody else even knows this is what's going on. [Hunter] So, when you're at the table. I mean, you have to take that opportunity to speak up. So that was a motivation. We're still dealing with a lot of the stuff. So, I could kick a lot of our people’s butt. Kick them in the ass cause they still, some of our people, the way we treat each other and a lot of this lateral violence and oppression it’s like, you know what I mean. To me it’s like it’s so non-Native. People think being Native is just carrying around a tribal card. And then they don't know crap about their history, their culture, their ceremonies, their traditions. And I remember I had one person do a lot of training for tribes, you know, this person is so anti-tradition. You know, just saying, “this does not belong here in our area.” I'm thinking in my head, “I'm pretty sure it was here a lot longer than the religion you brought, or that you transitioned over to.” And when I think that way or say those things it's not so much about passing judgment about whatever they're comfortable with the terms of their own spirituality or religion. To not even recognize our own? To not even acknowledge it? I mean I understand 11 | P a g e �where it comes from because I do a lot of training-- you know understanding the roots of what we see coming. You know in symptoms and some of the behaviors, and stuff like that. But, you know--for tribal elected leaders to talk like that… It's like, you know. But I think the only thing you can do is to continue like what we're doing. To educate, to inform. You know, to do it in a way where it's okay to talk. To, you know, have that conversation. It's not like I can change people's minds I can only, hopefully, kind of instigate or help spark a fire with them to learn more. You know, I mean I didn't grow up Christian, I didn't grow up Catholic, I didn't grow up any-- and I'm really thankful that my mom didn't push me that way. And I don't mean that in terms of being anti-Christian or anything. It's just that I'm so glad that she was encouraging of me to-- she was supportive of me going down the path that I needed to culturally. [Hunter] You know, there is a lot of us that gathered down in Larry Plamondon and we had Frank Bushes and the (INAUDIBLE) and we were having ceremonies out there. A lot of different people came from many different directions and communities. And there was some of that traditional politics going on. You know, where these teachings came from. I just laugh about it, it's just ‘cause-- you know, it's funny. If someone tries to identify me as being traditional I mean it's like what the hell is that? I'm just me. If I follow this-- I mean going to sweats, and I mean what? Does that make me traditional? You know--Singing at the drum? You know, dancing and stuff like that, and speaking about these things. I'm not one for labels. I can't really stand them... I am no expert. I mean I will tell people that. But I do have some information that I can share with you. Let's, the group, if I'm doing a training with people, I try to do it in a way that we are going to talk about the issues. We are going to are talk about the history. And it may make you uncomfortable. But I'm going to try to make this time that we have as safe and as comfortable as possible. So that we can have a meaningful conversation and dialogue. Who knows maybe we can work together too and come up with some strategies. So, that's kind of what I-- I guess that's kind of my walk in life. But I really feel, I mean. The Creator just had this laid out for me and I have to trust it. That everything will be okay. Even if sometimes that's a little scary. [Melanie] Can ask you a bit about the controversy and the sense of discomfiture? So, I mean, it seems just from what I've been told and I've read that the ITC itself was fairly controversial when I got started, in some ways. [Hunter] I wasn't there when it got started. [Melanie] Right. I mean you're too young to have been there when it got started. But what did things look like from the time that you can remember what the organization was like. I mean were there's still controversy surrounding the ITC end of the ‘80s and the ‘90s. Within the-- 12 | P a g e �[Hunter] Well, I didn't start with Grand Rapids Inter-tribal council until 1990. [Melanie] Did your family participate in activities? [Hunter] Yeah. Yeah. But I think uh-- you know the politics--excuse me Don't record that. [Laughter] The politics I don't we didn't really get. I mean when I was working there. I was aware of a lot of you know the politics. It was really about strong personalities and people just you know not really. you know sometimes they have these outbursts at their board meetings. But sometimes it's okay. I think at the end of the day they got along and I think a lot of it was about how to-- what direction are we going in, and how do we get there. And, so I think a lot of times what our people struggling with is sort of that strategic planning. [Hunter] Just is… we have a lot of intelligent people, but I mean that's the skill. You know, and so if you don't really train on how to do strategic planning, it's like throwing a dart at a map and let's see where it lands, was kind of the planning sometimes. So, I think some of the politics that entered in Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council 'course I think there were funding issues you know and how you know sustainability as far as you know long term funding. You know I think this is probably what caused a lot of stress. So--but, I think a lot of it just personalities you know you have different families. you know course you know there's some strong personality and some people thought we always knew how to do things right. So, I mean it's that's just kind of what I remember. You know, from that part. But when I started Wag Wheeler was the director. [Melanie] Right. [Hunter] Then Levi came on for-- after that and--I don't want to say too much...[INAUDIBLE] [Hunter] You know, some of it is just styles. You know, for me I'm much better with styles that are grounded and more humbled and humility. If somebody is kind of arrogant and ego. You know, I can be nice and kind, but we're not going to be hanging out. You know I just don't really have time for that. But, you know, I think being young, too, at that time. I think the struggle for me in that environment is like, you know, why are you fighting so much? You know, we got bring people together -- find a way to bring them together. You know? And there were some groups, there were some tribal groups that just didn't want to work together either. Like they'd rather just stay out on their own. Excuse me. Sorry. And not collaborate and not partner. And sometimes for me I struggled with that because I wanted people to come together. Like, you know, that to me felt like that's who we are. I mean that is who we are. So other groups that just--for whatever reason. I know that some of them just didn't want to because they didn't like, maybe people that were in charge or on the board. I mean they might come to 13 | P a g e �meetings and give updates. But they didn't necessarily, as an organization, they maybe were not involved with wanting to partner and collaborate. You know, for myself that I kind of got along with everybody. But you know I'm sure is people like Lin that just can't stand me. And kick me in the (INAUDIBLE), more than ten times. But--and it's okay. [Melanie] Sure. [Hunter] I mean that's, you know. [Melanie] When did the Inter-tribal Council come apart? [Hunter] Around 1995. [Melanie] And you were active in the council right through that period. [Hunter] I was actually. When Grand Rapids Inter-tribal council folded. They turned over the management of our program, which was like, the Native American Prevention Services-- Community Services. Over to-- under Grand Rapids Public schools for a year. So, because we are also in an alternative education Grand Rapids Public School building. And so, they kind of, somehow made an arrangement or agreement with Grand Rapids Public Schools. And so Kendra Simon, on paper, was sort of in charge. But then the Inter-tribal Council of Michigan out of Sault Ste. Marie. Up until the time that I left to work for Saginaw Chippewa Tribe in 2000 they were managing and supervising our programs out of Lexington building out of the old offices of Grand Rapids Inter-tribal Council. [Melanie] So did it become part of the Native American education programs at GRPS, or something else? I don't-- [Hunter] No, it just was in the interim around 1995 for a year. It was just under Grand Rapids Public Schools for a minute. Then it was under the umbrella of Inter-tribal Council of Michigan Incorporated. Whose headquarters is in Sault Ste Marie. And that stayed that way until--I guess whenever Inter-tribal Council was no longer managing that program. [Melanie] Why did the ITC come apart? [Hunter] I don't know. I don't know. [Melanie] Was it a surprise at the time? Or did you kind of feel that it was coming. [Hunter] I mean I guess I didn't know that they were not going to do it anymore. But you know and that wasn't the reason why I left. You know. There was just a better 14 | P a g e �opportunity somewhere else. [Melanie] Where did you go in ‘95? And then af-- [Hunter] In 2000. [Melanie] In 2000 was when you went to work for the Saginaw and Chippewa. [Hunter] In Mount Pleasant. [Melanie] Okay. Cool. [Melanie] So after the ITC kind of shuttered its doors, if you would, what replace it? What did people do? What did youth groups do? [Hunter] Actually, I think it went under Grand River Band of Ottawa's. The Native American Prevention Community Services part. And then eventually went over to Family Outreach. But after I moved Mount to Pleasant, I sort of lost connection of all the happenings that was going on with that program. I would hear things. Who’s running it now. Or who’s under what umbrella. Or what it was under. I just you know--Once I moved to Mount Pleasant, just cut ties with it and had to focus on raising a family up there and working. [Melanie] So how do you think the Native American the community in and around Grand Rapids has changed over the past twenty-eight years or so. [Hunter] Oh gosh. Well I think with the more tribes that were recognized and then when gaming started happen for those tribes too. I think it seem like they were some them were just interested in just having their own programs. Honestly, I mean Kent County might be in some tribes’ service delivery area. But I can really only think of one tribe that actually has an office. And I don't think any of the other eleven--I could be wrong. The other eleven federally recognized tribes actually have services at they are offering at that office in Grand Rapids. To me, I think there is so much change and so much shift within the tribes themselves. The idea of them having a coming together to have a Native American center, or partnering with other tribes to have a center per se in Grand Rapids. I just don't think it's even on their radar. You would need someone or group to try and establish and launch that themselves. I know there's been some efforts. I don't know exactly where they are at anymore with that. You know-- I know that there was talk trying to get their own building and their own place for people to come together. But I do think that people, depending on the cause or issues or event will still come together to support. But a lot of families have changed. Although in some ways they are still connected to the old families that may have moved back home. You know, to the reservation. 15 | P a g e �[Melanie] Has there been a lot of families that have done that in the past twenty-five years or so? [Hunter] I think so. And either that or have -- some of the elders have passed away. You know. So, then I guess whatever becomes or doesn't become--beyond. You know--Lin. [Melanie] It's really all up to Lin, isn't it? [Laughter] No pressure. [Hunter] So, yeah. So, I don't know. I mean, you know, and I think once my son graduates from school. He's a junior now in high school. There is a possibility that--could move back down this way. But I don't know what be I'll doing. If I do. But then we have some other federal efforts that could possibly impact you know the direction I am going to, so... [Melanie] Well, tell me about your citizenship, and your tribal identity too. That was something I didn't ask you early on. [Hunter] Yeah, well I'm on the board for Saginaw Swan Creek Black River Band of Chippewa. It's a federal historic treaty tribe that was unlawfully terminated. So, we are working on efforts to reaffirm our federal recognition. And get back the list of federal tribes. You know we're hopeful that because of precedents already been set. Six other-- six or seven-- other Michigan tribes have been restored. Based on that same language that we were terminated under. So, you know--but it costs money too. And you know to fight in federal court and litigate, and/or hold back other tribes that may not want to see us be successful. [Melanie] And why not? [Hunter] I'm going to- And people may disagree--I think it comes down to gaming. And tribes that are in fear or threatened about their share of the market-- probably have a fear that you know because our historic treaty territory is pretty large. You know, I don't want to go too much detail about it--But, we feel very confident. We have had meetings in D.C. and those have been promising. And the more research that we did on our history and our case is just like-- What's really sad is that there are people within a certain tribe who became aware of their own history, that either they borrowed or stole for their own benefit. Which impacted us and even once they became aware of who they really are--they stayed quiet and they remain quiet to this day. And we know who they are, I mean we've done our research. We know the names and who was on council at that time. Some of them keep getting re-elected to council. But that’s all going to come out, you know. We're just trying to correct a wrong. But then also descend from the Grand River Bands of Ottawa and-- They're actually seeking federal recognition also! I 16 | P a g e �sometimes, I got to pinch myself because it's like I cannot believe I live in an age, where we're still fighting for--to be acknowledged in that way. And, you know, some of these tribes that did get recognized--they were like created tribes. They don't have federal historic treaties that they even signed. And somehow--well, we know how-- Both through federal policy, and-- I don't know. Backroom deals, or whatever. And it's just--And it's really sad. I don't know. I sometimes, I think about what would our ancestors tell us today if they were here. To give us a message. You know, and sometimes I feel like I was born wrong--in the wrong century. [Hunter] You wake up every day and you're kind of reminded of where your place is in this society. You do the best that you can, but it's just very clear that our-- or most of us...many of us...that our values just don't mesh well culturally with other societies. And I mean I live in a pretty humble home I have two thousand five truck I dive. I'm okay with that. Money and materials are just not my thing. I mean, I do good enough. Support myself and my boys. I try to make things right. That's what really drives and motivates me. I just kind of feel like some of the people like even you know like American Indian Movement and some different people that continue to speak up and fight. Those are my--those are the people I look up to. I've always kind of told people you can pray. Praying is good. I'm a praying man. But you can't just pray, you have to pray and then have action. If you think about whether it's Martin Luther King or Gandhi or Dennis Banks. All these people, I mean--they didn't just pray! They didn't just go to ceremonies-They also knew that they had to walk, they had to march, and they had to speak up. And we just have too many people who are quiet and silent or don't want to get involved. Or maybe they just aren't driven by the same values or things that we wanna see restored Like our language, like our traditions, like our culture. So, It's you know? I guess we do come together we need to. Standing Rock is an example. But you know even before that with the Michigan Indian Tuition Waiver you know being on the capitol steps in Lansing. Trying to fight to keep that. And now they've even restricted so much that if you're not enrolled in a federally recognized tribe you don't get it anyways. [Melanie] Right. [Hunter] So for people like me, and hundreds or thousands of others that aren't federally recognized tribes, and yet you know they are Anishinaabe you're screwed. [Melanie] Right. [Hunter] And I remember going to a meeting that was the-- and I hope you are watching this someday. But it was the United Three Fires--United uh... [Melanie] The United Tribes of Michigan? 17 | P a g e �[Hunter] Yeah, the United Tribes of Michigan. And I actually happened to be at the meeting where they voted on whether to go along with the changes on the Tuition Waiver. I was the only one that spoke up and said "what about the tribes that are not recognized?" And it's not about question on blood quantum or anything like that. It's just that they're not recognized-- I mean you're just going to leave them out? And basically, I was told by your former chief Frank Ettawageshik there is no such thing in state recognized tribes. And that in order to save the Michigan Indian Tuition Waiver--its either go along with these changes, or we lose it. [Hunter] I get that to a point. But it's just like--It don't feel right. It doesn't feel right and those things--God, I mean the tops that we ever had for the number of Native students even accessing it was maybe, in the whole state, maybe like three thousand. And the millions and billions of dollars that the state gets from the tribes, from the gaming, you're saying you cannot set aside enough to just leave it be? [Melanie] Right. [Hunter] I mean, I just, that don't feel right. And I'm a feeling kind of a person. That just does not feel right to me. And it still doesn't. The injustice by the United States government with these policies that forced tribes to get terminated and/or going through the bureaucracy and red tape. I mean--it's not right. [Melanie] Gotcha there. [Hunter] I don't have much more say, but- [Melanie] I wanted to ask you what keeps you going. So, you know she said this was a long fight. What keeps you going? And what advice would you have for somebody who wants to speak up? [Hunter] Honestly, I mean-- I mean we're always the one person in a group. Like when I came to Grand Valley State. Like one Native American student in the whole damn program. I hope it's okay just to speak freely. [Melanie] Yeah, yeah. [Hunter] So you feel like your representing your whole damn nation. [Melanie] Right. [Hunter] Who’s going to do it if you don't? If you don't step up? Who’s going to do it? I mean-- [Clears throat] Damn it… I just think about everything that our ancestors 18 | P a g e �gave up-- You know, we didn't ask--We didn't ask for us to be treated this way. So, we have to keep fighting. I don't know maybe we're not going about necessarily most efficient or effective ways. You know, but we have to keep trying. Generally, I’m just not a person who can just sit and watch things, you know, happen. And I try to make some kind of a difference. I have three sons. If don't teach them who will? It's my responsibility, nobody else's. I take that to heart. I'm so thankful that they love who they are, as an Anishinaabe. They sing and dance and go to ceremony. they just love being Anishinaabe. And I know that they will fight for what they need to. [Hunter] They were out there standing [INAUDIABLE] they were there. [Melanie] Alright Hunter we're rolling again. I'm sorry. [Hunter] No, that's alright. [Melanie] Tell me about your sons. [Hunter] Yeah, I just--I mean If I don't teach them and share with them. I mean I just feel like they'll just get lost. Like a lot of our people, they just get lost. It's so easy to get distracted and being consumed by money, by materials. That what is really important. So, yeah. There is a great deal of responsibility. [Melanie] So was there anything that you would like to say for the record that I didn't ask you about that you didn't say already. [Hunter] Get off your ass people! [Linda] That's the advice? [Melanie] It's good advice. [Hunter] I-uh...That is such a deep question. I feel like… I don't know like… Don't you wish that tribes with money was sort of incentivized? Like the more language, the more culture, the more traditions you learn. I know some people would say that well it isn't genuine. They're just doing it for that. Our language is just so beautiful. I mean what I know of the language its beautiful. That's always a been dream of mine. I mean I use to sit with my grandparents even though you know they spoke the language. But they wouldn't speak it in front of us. They didn't teach you know like my mom, my uncles, and aunts. but whenever I would go to their house and visit with them--I asked them questions. They taught me. I still have all the notes that I took. Yeah, you know. So, you know. And this wasn't post-high school this was while I was growing up. Because I just wanted to know. It was at that time that one of my lifelong goals was to become fluent in our 19 | P a g e �language. That's still a goal of mine. I really am trying to set myself up now. Where I can either try, like after my son's done with high school, maybe live with the family. So that's all you know, all you hear. So, I can immerse myself. Because I think I know that the more language increases more understanding of who we are because our language is so sacred that it opened up those doors and windows of understanding. At a spiritual level. So that's what I want to make happen. For myself. I wish the boys would, like my son now, like in high school they have an agreement with the Saginaw Chippewa Tribal College. So, he actually is taking a language class at the Tribal College [Melanie] Oh! That's great. [Hunter] While he's in high school. I hope he doesn't stop learning. They are probably are tired of me hearing this it's going to be up to them how much gets passed down to the generation after them their own children. Just as much as it's my responsibility to teach my boys what I know and encourage and support that no one else can do it. It feels--it feels like a mountain. It feels like everything is so stacked against everything we've lost and are trying to get back but I just you know and it's really sad to see how some of our people--It's just not important. And they don't want to go that level. So, we'll see what happens. [Melanie] Thank you. [Hunter] Yeah. I was worried that I might shed a tear [Melanie] It's stuff that matters. That's okay. [Lin] You know I make you cry all the time. [Hunter] You do, Lin. I miss you, you know. [Melanie] Lin, did you have anything to ask Hunter as we wrap up? [Linda] No, not really. [Melanie] Okay. Put you on the spot [Linda] Nothing that needs to be saved for posterity. [Laughter] [Melanie] Okay this concludes the interview. 20 | P a g e � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Interviews Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Native American Advisory Council Grand Valley State University. Kustche Office of Local History Description An account of the resource Interviews with members of Grand Rapids' urban Native American population collected as part of the Gi-gikinomaage-min Project: Defend Our History, Unlock Your Spirit. Translated from Anishinaabemowin, the original language of this area, Gi-gikinomaage-min means "We are all teachers." This is the name our project team choose to convey to the Native American community that through our stories and experiences, we are all teachers to someone. As we share those stories, we are allowing for our next generations to experience the past. Grand Rapids’ Native American community grew dramatically in the last half of the 20th century as a result of a little-known federal program that still impacts American Indian lives today. Called the Urban Relocation Program, it created one of the largest mass movements of Indians in American history. The full scope of this massive social experiment and its impact on multiple generations of Native Americans remains largely undocumented and unexplored. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015/2016 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Gi-gikinomaage-min Project Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America Indians of North America--Michigan Indians of North America--Education Potawatomi Indians Bode'wadmi Ojibwa Indians Anishinaabe Navajo Indians Dine'e Cherokee Indians Tsagali Aniyunwiya Archaeology Mound-builders Hopewellian culture Indian arts--North America Personal narrativse Grand Rapids (Mich.) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-10 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 video/mp4 application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Moving Image Text Language A language of the resource eng Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-10_Genia_Hunter_1117 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Genia, Hunter Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-11-29 Title A name given to the resource Hunter Genia interview (video and transcript) Description An account of the resource Hunter Genia is a member of the Saginaw Swan Creek Black River Band of Chippewa. He was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan and holds degrees in criminal justice and social work. In this interview, he discusses his family history, the Grand Rapids Native community, and Inter-tribal Council. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Shell-Weiss, Melanie (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Ojibwa Indians Anishinaabe Personal narratives Grand Rapids (Mich.) Indians of North America Indians of North America--Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Gi-gikinomaage-min Project Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Moving Image Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/9d3c7939b6def03df441098b36e2b3e0.pdf a7bc6821fdcc009e64780c4f480836cf PDF Text Text Native American Oral Histories Gi-gikinomaage-min Project Interview: James Wagner "Wag" Wheeler Interviewer: Belinda Bardwell and Levi Rickert Date: April 23, 2015 [ [Lin] This is an interview with Wag Wheeler on April twenty-third at one forty downtown Grand Rapids in the-- [Levi] Riverview Center Office Building. [Lin] I'm Belinda Bardwell and this is Levi Rickert. This is an interview. Oral history interview. Oral record of the urban Native experience of the Grand Valley State University Gi-gikinomaage-min Defend Our History Project, Unlock Our Spirit Project. [Whispers: Put that thing on.] [Lin] Can we have you introduce yourself and spell your name? [Wag] James Wagner Wheeler. Wag Wheeler for short. W-A-G The last name is W-HE-E-L-E-R. [Lin] [INAUDIBLE] Can you tell me a little about where you were born? [Wag] I was born in [INAUDIBLE] Oklahoma in nineteen thirty-five. [Lin] Oklahoma? [Wag] Mhm. [Lin] So, when did you come, or move, or trans-locate to Grand Rapids? [Wag] I came here nineteen seventy-two. I had a fellowship at the University of Michigan. To work on a master's degree in Public Administration. That was sponsored by the National Association of Public Administrators. Their minority division. And I got a scholarship to come finish my master's degree at the University of Michigan. [Lin] Okay. Are you affiliated with a tribe? [Wag] I am Cherokee from Oklahoma. Eastern Cherokee. [Lin] Okay. How would you describe yourself concerning your ethnicity or your identity? �[Wag] [Wag] I like to say I'm Native American. I was not brought up as Native American. I was born during the time when they used Black, White, or Other. And we were always Other on our birth certificates, and licences, and all that kind of thing. So, I'd always identified as white with Native American blood. Until I realized how twisted that was, as opposed to being Native American blood. Or Native American with white blood. [Lin] So describe your connection with the Grand Rapids area. [Wag] When I was at the University of Michigan [Ahem, excuse me] in nineteen seventy-two there was a student over there from Grand Rapids her name was Chet [INAUDIBLE]. I was working at the university while I was going to school in an office called the Opportunity Office. And the purpose of that was to help Native Americans and other minority students make the transition from high school to college. Particularly, the kids that came from rural areas. I went to work there with the help of a guy that I worked with in Oklahoma, by the name of Tony Genia from Charlevoix. While I was there I met Chet Eagleman, he came into the office I think to talk about some financial aid or something, I don't remember exactly. I had known Chet, I had knew about him, because there is a college in Oklahoma called Bacone, it's basically an Indian College in Muskogee, Oklahoma. I had been up there playing ball and refereeing and all that. I had met him in the crowd or something. I just remembered the name. So, Chet came into the office and we got to be pretty good friends. And he told me that they had this agency over here, Grand Rapids Inter-tribal Council. That had been established I think in nineteen seventy-one or seventy-two. They had a director of the agency with the name of [Short interruption] Eddie White Pigeon. But he was leaving, and Chet asked if I was interested in maybe coming to work after I was got through with my program. The program that I was in was a two-year program. [background noise] So, I told him yes, that I would consider it. I was in the process of getting a divorce from my wife in Oklahoma. When we talked further, I told Chet, I would like to apply for the position. I just wanna finish school and I would give him one or two years, but I wanted to do some traveling and some research on the Cherokee people. So, when I finished school I came over and was interviewed for the executive directors position. They assigned me, or appointed me. I think that was in seventy-five somewhere around May or June. I can't remember exactly what the date was. So, I became quite familiar with Michigan and Grand Rapids. At that time, they had-- there was quite a controversy going on throughout the country with Native and non-Native people. Particularly white people there was a take over a place in South Dakota called Wounded Knee, South Dakota. There were several people from Grand Rapids that were in that movement. Which was initiated by the American Indian Movement. I got real familiar with that and got caught up in that type of situation. At the time there used to be a bar on Bridge Street called Cat's Paw and it was a �Native American bar, basically. [Wag] I was here probably about a month or so and there was a bunch of Native people in the bar, got into a fight, and the police were called in and there was a whole lot of clubbing and slapping around and that type of thing. I think they arrested four people that they were charging with disturbing the peace. I don't remember what the charges were, but it was something to do with disturbing the peace and drunk and disorderly, and all kinds of things. That was my first encounter with the Grand Rapids Police and the city basically. From there I just got very familiar with it. Hired some people to help us put some programs together and start building the agency. At that point in time the agency had a grant from Office of Native American Programs and the grant was for forty thousand dollars, and it was to build an Indian center and to hire some staff. Develop some programs, national programs, state programs, and county programs. That type of thing. [Lin] You mentioned you wanted to do some research on your Cherokee heritage, were you able to do that? [Wag] No. [Lin] No? [Wag] No. I still haveta'. I met people that were familiar with the Cherokee movement. My people were in Tennessee, Georgia, and Kentucky. Actually my ancestors are the ones that had gone to Jackson, President Jackson, to try to stop the removal of our people from the southeastern part of the country and into Oklahoma. They met with President Jackson, he denied that they could stay in Georgia, the Cherokee people, and the other tribes that were there. They signed the treaty back then, as well as today, I think they had the Cherokee blood ball. Which meant that if you did something that crippled or hurt the rest of the people you signed your own death sentence. Out of five of my ancestors, when they went back to Oklahoma there were four of them that were killed for signing that treaty. Consequently they did move our people. So my people, my ancestors, left that part of the country and moved down to Arkansas and Oklahoma basically before the Trail of Tears and the rest of the people came on through the Trail of Tears, basically. [Lin] So you graduated from Michigan. [Wag] Uh-huh. [Lin] What was your experience like there being Native? Or-- �[Wag] [Wag] It was--[Laughter] Well, [Clears Throat] When I was there, there was four of us. Twenty Juniors--no. Paul Johnson who was an ex-football player there. Paul was a Chippewa from Saginaw, and Tony Genia who was an Ottawa from Charlevoix. Jim Ken Cannon was there and his brother John. They were from North Port, that area. Together, the five or six of us--I think there was--George, uh, Charles Pamp, Moose Pamp was over there. While he wasn't going to school, he was working there in the school helping with us. So, we petitioned the university to develop a Native American Indian Student Association. So, we founded the Native American Student Association. There was a guy that worked for the university by the name of George Goodman. Goodman. Goodman. George was the mayor of Ypsilanti. African American, a wonderful, wonderful person. He was over the opportunity to program that I worked for. So he was one person that really helped push through the Native American Association that we had established. We'd set up a library and developed some Native American programs with some professors that were over there. One professor was a guy from Oklahoma by the name of McCormick, Charles. Well, Edward McCormick. Another one was a fella by the name of Felt. Professor Felt. I don't remember what his first name was. But he was quite well known throughout the university world for developing social--I think some social programs with the university and things of that nature. So he was very supportive of us gettin' in there and it became quite successful, we helped a lot of students. We had a lot of students [Levi] What was the time frame. The early nineteen seventies? [Wag] I was there from seventy-two to seventy-five. So that was probably seventythree. [Levi] Kay [Wag] The first year I was there. Because Tony Genia [Clears throat] in the two-year program he had already been there a year, and he was already there when we did all that. So, he left after I graduated the first year. So, it would have had to been seventy-three. [Levi] We've had some Genia's here in Grand Rapids Hunter Genia, who you know. [Wag] Yeah. [Levi] Tony's his uncle? He talk about that connection? [Wag] Tony is relativity young. But I don't think they're real close realities. [Levi] Okay. �[Wag] [Levi] I never really could find out from Hunter's mother. Doris [INAUDIBLE] [Wag] I never really did figure out how they were related to him. But interestingly Tony Genia from Charlevoix. Tony Genia from here. [Levi] Mm hm. [Wag] But then the program developed and I left over there, and I think it's still going. [INAUDIBLE] [Lin] So, you grew up in Oklahoma? [Wag] I grew up in Oklahoma. [Lin] Went to high school there? [Wag] Yes. [Lin] Anything striking from your high school memories? [Wag] Yeah, I couldn't speak our language in high school. Couldn't speak our language in school at all. Which it didn't bother me too much, because we didn't speak it at home. I never learned the language. My parents were brought up in it's better not to show. [INAUDIBLE] To try to assimilate into the majority of society. Had uncles that went to mission school. My mother's brothers went to mission school. My dad was an only child. My mother was one of fifteen. So, I had my uncles and aunts to play with quite a bit. We always celebrated different types of, we didn't call it the ghost supper back then, but it was always around the time of Thanksgiving. 'Cause that's a harvest time as you know. With my mother's big family. We celebrated it with her family more so than just by ourselves. I have three sisters and a brother. Brother and sister are old and two sisters younger. [Levi] So separate from Thanksgiving there was a dinner celebration. Similar to what you see in Michigan. We call them ghost suppers. [Wag] Yeah, yeah. It was similar to them. I can't remember what they're called. I don't remember. But it was all right there, about the same time. [Levi] It was honoring the harvest and honoring the ancestors? [Wag] Yes. The spirits that are on their final trip. That type of thing, final passage. �[Lin] [Clears throat] Did you have friends or other people in your high school or growing up that were Native? [Wag] Oh yeah. Yeah. And what I meant to say is, I've seen kids get slapped for speaking to each other in the language. And screamed at: "You can't say that. You can't say those dirty words. That dirty language." Or whatever they called it, you know. What bothered me, I had real good friends that'd get slapped. Back then you couldn't do anything. Today, you'd get fired. But back then you just took it and that was it. [Lin] So this was a public school? [Wag] Yes. [Levi] Now, speak to the difference, Wag, where you grew up in Oklahoma. Now, I understand they don't have reservations, per se, they have tribal lands. Is that correct? [Wag] Mhm. [Levi] And where you grew up, was it more of a rural area? Or urban? [Wag] It was more of a rural. The city I grew up in was the county seat of Sequoyah County. [Levi] Okay. [Wag] It's right below Adair county, which is heavily populated by natives, and Cherokee County, which is where the center of the Cherokee nation was. It is the furthermost county, Cherokee County, in Oklahoma. It's right bordered by the Arkansas river to the south. Across the river is Choctaw County, and to the northeast or northwest is Creek County, and the southwest is Choc-- [Levi] Chickasaw, isn't it? [Wag] Chickasaw [Levi] Chickasaw. [Wag] Creeks and Shawnees and all that throughout that whole--You know, you've been there before--And, we were governed by the laws of the state, you know here it's the U.S. Marshals. But back there the land--We call it the reservation, well the reservation is made up of about twelve or thirteen counties. The county government takes care of the county and the city government take [Wag] �care of the cities. The state government, you know, were under the auspices of all those laws. Whereas opposed here the people have some of their own judges and own law enforcement and backing of the U.S. Marshals and that type of thing. [Levi] What Indian country are you--Cherokee, okay. [Wag] Yep. [Levi] You know, tribal police and… [Wag] Well, we didn't have any tribal police. They have the now. [Levi] They do now. Yes. [Wag] They do have them now. But that came after-- [Levi] Well, that's interesting. [Wag] They came after I left. [Levi] Okay. [Lin] So your experience in public high school in Oklahoma, and then your college experience in Michigan-- [Wag] Well,I went to college in Oklahoma also. [Lin] Was there a difference in shifting from the public school atmosphere to the college there to the University of Michigan. [Wag] From the college there to the University of Michigan that's quite a difference. Ann Arbor is a very, very conservative community. Very conservative. The university is very, very liberal. So, you can imagine what that created in that community. Where I grew up it was somewhat conservative. Not a lot of liberal activity there. We have a democratic party. [Laughs] But, I don't know if it was in charge of my time in school. But, it was very different. I have to tell you a story. When I [clears throat] started enrolling at the University of Michigan, now I'm from Oklahoma, I'm close to forty years old, thirty seven years old at that time. My concern, our concern back there with Marijuana, or as we called it local weed, our concern was our cows eating it because they would eat the local weed and they'd walk into fences and into trees. [Chuckles from group] So, my grandfather's like: "Go out there into the pasture and cut up all that local weed. Get rid of that local weed. Pile it over there and burn it. That was my [Wag] �experience with it. Gay people were people that were really happy. Okay? So, if you said that someone was really gay, that means they are really laughing and responsive, or something like that. Enrolling at the University of Michigan, we're in line and there's probably two thousand kids ahead of me. Every five or ten steps there would be people passing out brochures. Women's Liberation Movement, the African-Americans, the Society for Democratic Society brochures, Gay Society. I'm taking all these brochures--[Levi Laughing] reading these brochures and I get to the point on the gay where it talks about homosexuality. Now, I'm from Oklahoma. Nobody at Michigan [INAUDIBLE] sent me a line. First thing I do is I put those things in my coat. So nobody can see me reading 'em, because I am so embarrassed-- [INAUDIBLE] [Laughter from Levi and Wag] Peak at it every so often. But, that was my experience when I came up here. Four letter words in class, the 'F' word was common from our professors. Absolutely common [Phone vibrating in background] that was something I was never used to. It was quite an experience for an old guy from conservative Oklahoma. [Laughter] The University of Michigan [INAUDIBLE] It was quite an experience. There was quite a bit of adjusting I had to do. [INAUDIBLE] It was a good time, I enjoyed it. [Lin] So, you started the Native American Student Association? [Wag] Association. [Lin] So what type of activities did you do or create while you were there? Because you created NASA, correct? [Wag] Yes. [Lin] So what are some of the first things you did? [Wag] The first thing we did, we brought in books. They gave us a room over there to set up a library of Native American books. There were very few there. There was a lot of new writers. Vine Deloria, comes to mind, had written several books. Other people had written quite a few books. We brought them in because a lot of kids that were there, Native kids, wanted to do some papers on Native Americans. So there wasn't a whole lot of research there, if there was it was very twisted. That's one of the first things, we brought in some speakers. We brought in Angela Davis. I don't know if you know who that is. Angela Davis was a activist from California that was very supportive of the liberation army. The Black Panthers she was very supportive of the Black Panthers, and all of that. So, it was very controversial. We had a lot of kids showed up for her talk. But we brought in quite a few speakers. We brought in Vine Deloria, Angela Davis, I think there are two-three other people that we brought in from around the country. I can't think of it now, [Wag] �who they were. That's what we'd do, we'd bring in speakers and started a pow wow over there. They had had the pow wow a year before, that was university sponsored. So, I helped work on the pow wow that year along with Paul Johnson and Moose Pamp, and some other people. Tony Genia, and Jim Kin Cannon and his brother John. Several people, some from Grand Rapids. I think that there were some [INAUDIBLE] from Mt. Pleasant. I can't remember all the rest of them, but we had quite a few students. [Lin] Did you think that it was gonna last? [Wag] Yeah we did. Yeah we did. I thought that most of the world was Haitians, you know that were developed back then that were gonna last. But I think with the development of the casinos, I think the federal government and county government, and all that used that to say that you got your own money. [INAUDIBLE] We all make so much from the casinos. [Laughter] [Lin] So does it make you feel good that that's still… [Wag] It does… [Lin] [INAUDIBLE] [Wag] I had a girl come over here from university one time. I used to collect Native American baskets. Quill boxes--and [INAUDIBLE] baskets. And, I picked up a hamper from a guy that was probably a twenty-six inch, twenty-seven inch hamper. That was close to a hundred years old. I know the person that bought it paid fifteen dollars for it because it had the price in the lid. It came Petoskey, and the girl came over and her last name was [pause] was...I can't pronounce it...I was gonna say McDonald, but that wasn't...Maldonado ... [Lin] [INAUDIBLE] [Wag] I can't remember.There are some Maldonado's from down and around here I think. She came over, found out that I had these baskets. And, she came over to buy it, because they were just starting the casino, I think. Just building a casino in Petoskey. [Clears throat] And, they were having an exhibit up there with some of the artwork. She came over and I asked her about it, what they were going to do with it, and all that. She said that they were trying to get some of the older artwork and put it there. So instead of selling it to her, I gave her four or five baskets that came from up there. They really appreciated it because they hadn't had any money back then. As far as I know, it's still in their museum. Unless, she took it and sold it someplace. [Laughter] Put it in her house, I don't know. I don't know why I'm jokin' 'bout that. I think she was a law student. [Wag] �[Lin] Allie. [Levi] Mhm. [Wag] What's her name? [Lin] Allie Maldonado. [Wag] Yes, that's who it was. [Lin] She's our current judge. Chief Judge. [Wag] In Petoskey? [Levi] For Little Traverse. [Lin] For Little Traverse. [Levi] Bay Bands. [Wag] No kidding. [Levi] What year would that have been back when the casino would have started? Was it ninety...? [Wag] It just started when she was a senior. [Levi] [INAUDIBLE] Ninety-seven that they started in Petoskey. [Lin] The first one? Probably. [Levi] Yeah, right around there. I think. The bowling alley. [Laughter] [Lin] Yeah, the bowling alley. [Wag] Yeah. Yeah she--I remember she came in and said I am from the Native American Student Association--University of Michigan. She said: "Do you know what that is?" I said, "I know very well what that is." I told her that I was once there and helped founded it. She was surprised at that because she did't know that, and I told her the story that [clears throat] Where I lived...I lived in Solane, in a trailer park. On a state road that goes into Ann Arbor from Solane that I used to go into the university everyday. And there's a small airport out there that had some airplanes, you know the planes had the letters N- [Wag] �A-S-A. So… [Levi] [Laughter] [Lin] [Laughter] [Wag] So, we'd get those two and take them out there. And say: "You need to come up here, we have rolling planes." [Laughter] [Levi] [Laughter] That's funny. [Wag] [Laughter] And kids really believed that until we got there. We can fly anywhere you want to go. We have our own airplanes here. [Laughter] [Levi] That's good Indian humor. [Laughter] [Lin] [Clears throat] So, after you finished with an NPA, you went to the Inter-tribal Council of Grand Rapids. [Wag] Yes. [Lin] You got that forty-thousand dollar grant. [Wag] Well, they had that. It was in existence when I came. [Lin] Oh. So what were some of the programs or specific things you did in the community. [Wag] They just had some, really, advocacy programs. It wasn't anything that they actually had [Laughter] Oh, man. [Laughter] They were trying to develop some programs. At that point in time there was an agency here in town called The Owl-Indian Outreach. It was a substance abuse program, three or four blocks...a couple of blocks...from our agency. So, they had that for the community. Then there was a young man who worked for the agency by the name of Fred Chivis. I think Fred Jr. and he was like an employee...Employment Specialist. So, he would help people find jobs in the community. That's basically all they had--If I remember right. [Wag] What I do remember is, I was here just about probably two months and the wife of one of my board members kept coming in the office and screaming at employees that I had, and they were mostly volunteers. So, I went to her husband and I said: "You need to keep her out of there. And if you don't, I will. 'Cause I'm not gonna have people come in and scream at my employees." His response was: "She talks too much." and I said: "Well, she can't do it here." So, �he didn't do anything. And the next couple days she was back in there. And I said: "You will leave, and you will not come back until you call and make an appointment to come back in here, or I will physically remove you." So, she left and starting that night for about three months, I got phone calls starting about midnight, every night. Absolutely, every night. The calls would come starting about midnight, and would last until four and five o'clock in the morning. [Levi] Wow. [Wag] And when I answered the phone there was always the same tape or record or whatever it was. There used to be a song about the B.I.A, and the corruption of the B.I.A, and it referred to the people working for the B.I.A. And the song was directed at me, how corrupt I was, and all of that. 'Course I couldn't do anything about it, and I didn't know who it was. Well, after about three months--Well, during that time… After about another month, when all that started. I'm looking at all the books, and everything. And I knew they had a forty-thousand dollar grant. They're paying their director ten-thousand dollars. They're paying their assistant director I think...like eight-thousand dollars. They had some other expenses that amounted to about fifteen to twenty thousand dollars. I don't remember now what they were. And, they hadn't paid their income taxes. They'd had their withholding taxes. So, I start asking around about, you know: "What are you doing with your withholding taxes?" They didn't even know what I was talking about. So, I ended up calling--I have an accounting background, I got that in Oklahoma before I came to Michigan. So, I call Cincinnati, and I said: "I'm with Grand Rapids Intertribal Council, and we haven't been sending you our payments for the withholding taxes." And they said: "We don't know who you are." And I said: "It's an agency, we've got some employees, we've been withholding money (taxes) and not sending it to you." She said: "I don't have any record of that. What it your 501 C-3 number?" Or, your business number. And, I said: "I don't know, I haven't seen it signed here." So, she looked a little bit farther and said: "You're not even a legal organization, you don't even have your 501 c-3." So, I say: "Okay, what do I have to do?" and she talked to be a little bit, and they had been trying to get that, the agency had been trying to get their 501 c-3. What they did when they put in the application, they had a 501 capital 'c' 3. And she said the 'c' has to be a small letter. And I said: "That's it?" And she said: "Yes." So, I said: "Okay." So, I filled out the application and sent it back in, and probably about a week or ten days she called and she said we got the application. You're now legal. And, do you have any idea how much you owe the federal government? And I said: "No, I don't. I'm trying to figure that out." Ended up being they owed the feds about six thousand dollars. [Silence] [Chuckles] I told her, I said: "We don't have the money to pay, ya. You're gonna have to give me some time to do that." Well they were very gracious about it, and all that. So, I was dealing with that. I was dealing with the board president's--not board president--one of the board member's wives. Her family, his family they were [Wag] �taking shots at me every way you can take a shot at somebody. I finally found out that one of the persons that was calling my apartment. So, I drove by his house. He was standing in the door way. I got out of the car and started up there and then he disappeared. I had a pretty bad reputation as a street fighter. That followed me from Oklahoma. I knocked on the door several time. Went back, and got back in the car. Came to the office and called the house. And, I don't know who answered. I said: "I wanna talk to blah, blah, blah [clears throat] So, he came on the phone and I said: "I know you're the one who is calling. I'm gonna tell you right now, if I get one more call, one call, I don't care what time of day it is, I don't care if it's a man, woman, child, I don't care. I am kicking your ass. Big time, every time I see you. And that ended all the calls.[Chuckle] So then, I just had the family to fight. [Laughter] And you can't imagine the stories that were in the paper. [Lin] About the Inter-tribal Council? Or about you? [Wag] About me. About the Council. About how much money I was making. [INAUDIBLE] Think they pay me, I think they payed me twelve thousand dollars that year. [Levi] Hmph. [Lin] Hmph. [Levi] Let's talk about you running the Indian--The Grand Rapids Inter-tribal Council. Talk about the climate. With the shift, like in nineteen seventy-eight came the American Indian Freedom-- [Wag] [INAUDIBLE] [Levi] --Act. President Carter signed it. All of a sudden Indians could celebrate, practice their ceremonial practices. Talk about what happened. Like with the drumming or anything else that happened. [Wag] Well, we were trying to bring in drums, and trying to bring in some cultural programs. Okay? And if we brought a drum into the Inter-tribal I had people on my board, and people in the community that would not--How you doin' [Wag] [Unknown Person] How ya doin' stranger? [Wag] I've been good. That would come into the agency. They wouldn't come into the agency if we had drum in there, if we had feathers. They would not come in. [Levi] And these were? �[Wag] Native people. [Levi] Local American Indian, Native people. [Wag] Yes. [Levi] Who maybe because of their Christian belief system [Wag] Yes. [Levi] Would not… [Wag] Yes. [Levi] Even walk through the doors of Grand Rapids Inter-tribal… [Wag] Yes. [Levi] Because you wanted to bring the drum and the feathers. [Wag] And it wasn't just me. There were other people that wanted that. That's why we were trying to do it. [Levi] Okay. [Wag] We had people in school. The drop out rate in public school was like seventy-five percent, at that point in time--and probably still is... No, they wouldn't come in. They wouldn't come in and I took all kinds of pot shots about it, you know. Heathen. I was, which I probably am. [Laughter] [Levi] Practicing pagan religions, or whatever the set. [Wag] Yeah, practicing pagan religions. [Laughter] [Levi] So how long would you say that those sentiments continued? [Wag] Still do. [Levi] They still do. [Unknown Person] [Levi] In fact, can I add something to that? [Laughter] Why not. �[Unknown Voice] They're probably even stronger today than they were then. [Levi] Wow. [Wag] Yeah, they are. [Unknown Voice] Yeah they really are. [Wag] In many cases they are. Very strong today. Tell ya' a story about my--I met a girl up here by the name of Linda Keyway. Well, at that time she was married, and I had gone through a divorce. Linda Dixon was her name. We decided to get married. I wanted to have a traditional Native American wedding as I could. I got a hold of Eddie Banai, who is a holy man in Minnesota. [Levi] Mhm. [Wag] And Eddie started the Red School House there, along with some other people. [Levi] He's the author of the Mishomis book, Eddie Banai? [Wag] He is the author of the Mishomis book. [Levi] Correct, okay. [Wag] I ask Eddie if he would administer the vows for us. I got a brother and three sisters. They've all been away from home, at different places in their lives. Growing up and their jobs and things of that nature. My parents had always gone to see them. I had been in Michigan for two years. My parents had never been up here. So, I called them and told them I was getting married. Which my mother was dead set against. She was against divorce. [Phone chiming in the background] And I said: "I would really like for you to be here. You and my dad." They're both Native people. Nobody is more Native than my dad. When they got here, after about two or three months, when we got ready to get married. The first thing my mother said to me when she got out of the car was: "What is this Indian stuff you're doing?" [Crying]--Excuse me just a minute. [Clears throat] That really hurts. [Wag] [Levi] Wow. Church as soon as they married. Church after they married raised all us kids in the Methodist church and she [Wag] [Clears throat] And I said to her: "Will you be here? But if you're not, I'm gonna do this. And I'm okay with it if you're not. If you don't want to see me again. I'm okay with that. But, I'd really love for you to be here." They did come and they enjoyed �it. But I think she had a problem with it for a long time. She was brought up as a Presbyterian which is just about as close to reform church as you can get. My dad was brought up as a Methodist. She changed to the Methodist Church after they married. Raised all of us kids in the Methodist Church. I heard all of the hellfire and brimstone crap that all the rest of the people did. Had a real problem with my parents not owning me. My dad was very supportive of me, and she became very supportive of me. But that was a real trying time. Because not only was I fighting people from this community, but I was fighting Grand Rapids Public Schools, the county, the state, the feds, everybody. Because they didn't want Indians to make any headway. They still don't. It got nasty, I mean it got really, really nasty. And very, very trying on me. Because I didn't have much of support anywhere. My second wife became an alcoholic, and we divorced. She got to kill herself. [Levi] Damn. [Wag] But... [Levi] But the fights that you were having with… Let's just talk a little about with the Grand Rapids Public Schools, or the county, the city. Were they fights for money, funding for the Inter-tribal council. Were they fights… I know even today, and we're in twenty fifteen, that this interview is taking place. But, sometimes we have to fight for our very existence. 'Cause we are such a small number. When compared to the total population. Talk about some of those fights. [Wag] Well, one of the biggest ones was with[clears throat] the public schools. It became very apparent to me that our kids were dropping out of school. Falling out, quitting, just forever. It became apparent that kids would go through school until about seventh or eighth grade. And that's where they started. We found out that in the seventh or eighth grade is when the kids were in, I think, their phys. ed. classes. Where competition became very, very tough. And, these kids seemed to have trouble with that competition. [Levi] The Native kids? [Wag] The Native kids. So they would just drop out of school. They would just quit going. There's a building here in town, Lexington, where we ended up being there. At the time I was here we operated out of West Side Apostle Church which is at the corner of Straight and Bridge Street. But, there was a Native American program at Lexington where they had some classes over there. I know that we checked on them. I had a guy that I had hired, it was, I called it my Education Director. He had a PhD. in Education. We found out that the two years prior to us trying to help, or work with the schools they had enrolled twenty-two students the first year not a kid earned a credit. They had enrolled fifteen kids the year that I'm �talkin' about, and at that time nobody was earning any credits. So, I went to the school, talked to the director of the education program. I said: "What do we need to do? I've got people that can recruit students. Can we get some teachers?" They said: "You recruit the students, we'll provide the teachers for ya'." Then I said: "Okay". So, at the start of school [clears throat] I kept calling 'em 'bout two or three days before school star--classes started, and said: "When are you gonna get our teachers over here?" [Levi] So, no teachers? [Wag] No teachers. No teachers. [Levi] Wow. [Wag] And, we had a hundred and thirty-seven applications. Now, every one of those applications amounted to, at that time, I think about, fourteen hundred dollars. Monies at the public schools were good. We still didn't have any teachers. So, I was sitting there and I got...something happened...I got really upset. So, I got the applications and--I'm gonna use some curse words in here--I'm gonna use words that I used with them. [Lin] Go ahead. [Levi] We've got good editors. [Laughter] [Unknown person] I'm sure it's something you never heard before, right? [Laughter] [Wag] So, I took those applications up there and I walked into, at the time, the administration building was on the fifth floor. I walked into the fifth floor, this young little white girl, receptionist was sitting there at the desk. And I said: "I wanna see Phil Runkle(?)" [Levi] He was the superintendent of the schools. [Wag] He was the superintendent of the schools. [Unknown person] Yeah. [Levi] Yes. [Wag] And, she said: "He's in a meeting." I said: "I don't care where he is. I wanna see him, and I wanna see 'im right now." And she said: "Well, I can't disturb 'im--" And I said: "Let me tell you something honey-- [INAUDIBLE] put 'em down there. �[Levi] [Laughter] [Wag] Let me tell you something honey, if I don't see Phil Runkle(?) in two minutes, I'm gonna tear this whole goddamn place up. Everything, I'm gonna break all the windows, I'm gonna wreck this place. She got up-- [Unknown person] And went and got Phil Runkle(?) [Laughter] [Wag] She went and got Jim--What was it...Farmer. Jim came out there. Well, he's the one I'd been working with. Jim walked in, and he said [INAUDIBLE]-- I said: "You son of a bitch. You stay away from me, or I'll knock your fucking head right off. [Levi] Wow. [Wag] Pardon the language. So, he backed off and I said: "I wanna see Phil Runkle(?) or I'm gonna start." So, he called back, or one of them called back and Phil Runkle(?)came out there and said: "Wag, what's going on?" I said: "You sons of bitches have lied to me. I have a hundred and thirty-seven applications for kids, that they'll be showing up in about two days. And, if I don't have some teachers there Phil I'm--" and six other people came out with him. I said: "I'm gonna come up here and throw your goddamn ass right out that fifth floor window. And there is not a fucking swinging dick in here that can even slow me down." [Laughter] "Gimme some teachers, right now, gimme some teachers! How many we need. How many teachers we need over there." [Unknown Person] Just like that. Just like that... [Wag] Next day, I had five teachers over there. [Levi] Wow. What-What year would that have been, Wag? [Wag] Seventy-five. [Levi] Nineteen seventy-five? [Wag] Yup. [Levi] Okay. [Laughter] Good Ol' Phil nominated me for the Outstanding [Laughter] OOutstanding Statewide whatever it was-- [Unknown Person] [Levi] Do you blame him? [Laughter] I'm joking. Wag, just for the record though, was there--were there--among those five teachers were there any Native teachers in that group? �[Wag] My wife. [Laughter] [Levi] Your wife? Wow. That's it? [Wag] Yeah. Linda. They didn't have any teachers there. Well, they did have some. [Levi] Well, they had Janette Sinclair. [Wag] They had Janette Sinclair. But she was working for the regular education. [Levi] Okay. [Wag] Native education program. Janette was on the board, but she wasn't one of the teachers there. [Levi] Okay. [Wag] They had my present wife. [INAUDIBLE] [Levi] Okay. [Wag] At least that's where I met her. [Lin] And who is your present wife? [Wag] Pardon? [Lin] Who is your present wife? [Unknown Person] [Wag] Is that her real name? Her name was--Her name was… [Unknown Person] [INAUDIBLE] [Levi] Sammy Wheeler [Wag] Sandy Whiteman. [Levi] Whiteman? [Wag] And I took some crap over that. �[Levi] From the Indians? [Wag] Yes. [Unknown Person] Because of her name. [Wag] Name. Yes. [Laughter] [Wag] I had people workin' in Inter-tribal that if white people came in there, they wouldn't speak to them. [Unknown Person] [Wag] [INAUDIBLE] They wouldn't even wait on them. Tony, he was one of them. [Laughter] Tony! Tony! Was one of them. She wouldn't even wait on them. [Unknown Person] You know, what's funny about that. They resented that and they didn't resent the white man's religion. [Laughter] [Wag] So, it went on and on. We did some good, we probably graduated better than four hundred and somethin' students. So, over the course of the time I was there, a lot of them went to college. Had some good people work for Inter-tribal. Your mother [Laughs] Your mother was one that was good. She worked on our Indian Child Welfare Department. Who made a lot of change at the state level. Through her efforts and her bossin' Jonah Rayfields (?) office. A lot of changes. [Lin] Hm. [Levi] Talk about the connection that the Grand Rapids Inter-tribal Council may have had with the American Indian Movement. A.I.M [Wag] Um, not much. I worked in Oklahoma with a group call Oklahoman's for Indian Opportunity. It was started by... [Levi] Ladonna Harris. [Wag] Ladonna Harris, and a good friend of hers. Iola Hayden(?) O.I.O and the American Indian Movement was really cross ways. I mean they just didn't like one another. 'Course there wasn't a whole lotta people left of the American Indian Movement back then. [Laughter] So, I was a little bit cautious, because I had got involved with them, not totally involved with them. But when I was in the University of Michigan, we had a lot of students that went to-- �[Levi] [INAUDIBLE] [Wag] Washington. [Levi] Washington D.C. for the take over. [Wag] For the take over. The B.I.A. office is over there. We had a lot of students that went. I didn't go. I didn't go, I had three young kids, and a wife in Oklahoma--er, an ex-wife in Oklahoma. And, I thought: "I can't get in jail." [Chuckles] [Levi] So, that was November of nineteen seventy-two that that took place. [Wag] Yeah. [Levi] Yeah. [Wag] Well, it was right after that too. [Levi] Okay. [Wag] Cause that's when they really got in there and took over everything. We had Wounded Knee, South Dakota. We have people from here that flew out to South Dakota to deliver supplies. We had people that-- [Levi] Now, was that Native or Non-Native. [Wag] There was no Native that did the flying. [Levi] That did the flying. [Wag] But there was Native that helped-- [Unknown Person] There were some non-Natives that came out too. [Levi] But, what type of supplies did they send? [Wag] I think there was food, not any ammunition, I don't think. No ammunition. But, I think it was food. [Levi] Food, blankets, clothing-- [Wag] Yeah things like that. [Unknown Person] Water. �[Wag] And water, yeah. [Levi] Would you say that the Grand Rapids Inter-tribal Council was kind of a convener that they collected these items, these supplies? [Wag] Uh, we didn't have-- [Levi] Or was it separate from the Grand Rapids Inter-tribal Council? [Wag] It was separate from that, but I think the Odawa(?)Outreach did, they had a building down on Turner street. [Levi] Kay. [Wag] Right behind where Sullivan's Carpets was...If you remember there was an old-- [Levi] Red building. [Wag] And I think that they collected them, and the guy that flew them out there was probably helpin' coordinate that. That happened to be Jennet's husband, Percy Sinclair. That flew out there. But, it was very controversial. I was just talking about the F.B.I and all that commin' in earlier. You know, they came in ta the office. Wanted to know, because our phones were tapped. I had a red file when they finally decided to release all that stuff. I think that was from the University of Michigan, because any organized Native group, the members are gonna have red files. That's really just how it is. But it was--There was a lot of non-Native people that supported. Just like there was a lot of non-Natives that supported the AfricanAmerican movement. [Wag] [Levi] Exactly. [Wag] If you remember. Wouldn't have happened if they hadn't been. [Lin] Mmhm. [Unknown Person] That's so important to remember that, not all white people are bad. [Wag] Right, right. [Levi] What would you say the, if you were to sum up, the Grand Rapids Inter-tribal Council's leadership? What did it provide to the Indian community? As you recall, after all these years? You haven't served there for what? Nineteen years as �[Wag] executive director. But, what would you say was the calling-card for Grand Rapids Inter-tribal Council? I think it was just the place for people to come to. I really, really do. Whether they were involved in the programs or not. Or, just as a social gathering place. [Unknown Person] It's kinda like a fallout shelter. [Laughter] [Wag] It ended up being like that. [Levi] But it provided a means of cohesiveness for the community? [Wag] It did. [Levi] Kept the community together? [Wag] Yeah, it did. [Levi] I don't wanna put words in your mouth. But I just wanna-- [Wag] It did. I had people, that after I left there and went up north, and it finally closed down, people ya' know that told me--that they said: "You know, after you left, we never went back to Inter-tribal." And of course you knew there was a while there before you took over. You couldn't-- and a lot of those people went back to living on Reservations. Or, back to their real home, and didn't come in. But, I think the main thing was that we had--and we had some programs that we had. [Wag] We had substance abuse programs, we mental health programs, we had the job training program. [Unknown Person] [Wag] And food assistance program. Yes, food assistance, and senior meals. [Unknown Person] Right. [Wag] So there was an awful lot of things that's goin' on there that the people of the community came in and organized while they were there at that point in time. [Levi] What-One of the things we are trying to do with this project is really to get a sense of what it was like to be Native during that time in the city--the urban setting. Whether they were here through relocation programs-- [Wag] A lot of them were. �[Levi] and driven to the city for education. Or, employment opportunities. Give us a sense of what the climate was like back then. [Wag] Well--While the people wanted to help the attitude was, we wanna make you like us. [Levi] Of the non-Natives. [Wag] Yeah, yeah. We wanna make you like-like your "Everest" Doug DeVos. [Levi] Mhm. [Wag] And, he implied something to that effect. we wanna help you become-- [Unknown Person] [Wag] Like us. Like a good dark complected Christians, ya know? Been there, did that! [Laughter] Didn't work! I said something to him, that I probably shouldn't 'av said. I don't even know what I said now. But it was something to the effect of: "We don't live like you. We don't wanna be like white people. We have people thatthat are against the Christian church-- Against Christianity and all its forms. People that suffer because of that. I myself was a Christian when I came up here. I'm not anymore. But-- [Unknown Person] By the way, Doug told me about you telling him that. [Wag] Uh huh. Well we never-[Unknown Person] But, I also told him. I said: "Do you have any idea what they went through under the banner of Christianity. [Wag] [Laughter] [Unknown Person] I said: "Just go up to a place like Mount Pleasant, and look at the orphanage. And ask some of the Indians what they did to 'em." [Wag] Yeah. [Unknown Person] [Wag] Yeah. [Unknown Person] [Wag] How they forced them to speak another language. Yeah. How they stole them from their parents. �[Unknown Person] [Wag] Absolutely. Well, they cut their hair. I mean, you know. [Unknown Person] [Wag] Cut their hair, made 'em speak different language. Put 'em all in the same uniform. Yeah. [Unknown Person] [Wag] Dennis Banks was a good example of that. Yeah. You couldn't speak your language. And all that kinda thing. [Unknown Person] They also abused so many of those kids. [Wag] Oh, yeah. Oh, yeah. One--One of the attitudes, I think Levi, that we went into here--I remember we had some money from the city--the-- [Levi] The CD-- The Community Block Grant Money. [Wag] Block Grant Money, yeah. Been a long time. [Levi] Community Block Grant--CDBG. Yes. [Wag] Yeah, Block Grand money. [Unknown Person] [Wag] [Laughter] I had--Do you remember Howard Greenstra(?) [Unknown Person] Yeah. Yeah. [Levi] The city manager. Yes. [Wag] Well, no city manager-- [Levi] No--I'm sorry he was a city commissioner. [Unknown Person] Right. [Wag] He was the city commissioner. [Levi] Greenstra, that's right. �[Wag] But, he was the chair of the city board. [Unknown Person] Right. [Levi] Yes. [Wag] Said to me, in a meeting, Howard said a lot of things to me. [Levi] [Laughter] [Wag] I said a few things to Howard. Uh, said to me [INAUDIBLE] at a commission meeting, committee meeting; "Why have we given you guys money for four years? How long do you think it's going to take to really help 'ya? [Levi] Are you serious? [Wag] I am. And I said: "Well, let's see. It took ya four-hundred years to [INAUDIBLE] [Unknown Person] [Laughter] [Wag] Maybe we should think in terms of four hundred years? [Unknown Person] Yeah, how'd ya like that? [Levi] I'm sure, by the time that I got there, I think it was only fifteen thousand dollars a year. Maybe at your time your time, you probably started at about five or six. [Wag] Ten. [Levi] Ten. [Wag] Ten-thousand. [Levi] Oh, so just wait till the...that's kind of a little off. But--I want to say it. That they expect us to give us two fishes and five loaves of bread. [Wag] We're dividers. [Levi] Go. Go--Go feed the multitude. Expect us to go solve all the problems, and I will tell people this all the time. I'm not Jesus Christ. I cannot perform miracles with this little sum of money you have given us. It's just not gonna happen. [Wag] No. no. [Levi] I do that on purpose to throw their own scripture back to their face so they get the �point. [Wag] Well, let me tell you somethin' about Howard again, that's really, really interesting, I think. At that time the museum had twenty-nine--the remains of twenty-nine Native people that came out of the mounds. [Levi] Okay. [Lin] Grand Rapids Public Museum? [Wag] Yes, Grand Rapids Public Museum. There was a real fight going on throughout the country, about getting the remains back and out of museums. The guy that dug those mounds up, was a guy by the name of Richard Flanders. Who was an anthropology professor at Grand Valley. And--bitter enemies. Bitter enemies. We finally became friends right before he died. [Laughter] I don't know what that meant. I mean acquaintances. [Unknown Person] [Wag] How did you accomplish that? [Laughter] I noticed something [INAUDIBLE] [Unknown Person] That was my next point. [Wag] But the fight was really going on, and we couldn't even get them to move. I mean they didn't want to give anything back. Those were scientific remains--they were studying the science to it-- Find out how you people ate, what you ate, and how you--ask us! We'll tell you what we ate. A lot of people can tell you what we ate back then! [Laughter] I mean it was just kind of a joke in these commission meetings. But they finally-- and this was introduced by Howard, bless his heart. But they finally said, we are going to return the remains that we can deem as historical. And we are gonna to keep the remains that we deem as pre-historic. Keep the pre-historic so that we can study them scientifically. But, those that we can deem to be historic, return to the community. You know what date they pass? Fourteen ninety-two. That's a resolution that the city commissioner of Grand Rapids approved. Fourteen ninety-two. So, if anybody wants to know when pre-historic time ended--it's fourteen ninety-two. And then he asked me, when I said: "Hell, Howard. Nobody here but Indians till fourteen ninety-two. [Levi] [Laughter] [Wag] And then he said: "How can you have-- [INAUDIBLE] Minister of a Christian Reform church--how can you as people make the association or connection with people that lived two thousand years ago? �[Unknown Person] [Laughter] What was his answer? [Wag] You're a Christian minister, and you want me to answer that? Come on. That ended the conversation. [Levi] The basis of Christianity is two thousand years ago. When Jesus walked the earth. I get your point. [Wag] I mean that's the-- [Levi] That's incredible. [Wag] It was incredible. [Levi] So, his question was--Just so we get this right-- How could you connect back two thousand years? What connection you had? [Wag] Yeah. [Levi] But yet, as a Christian minister, he couldn't see it? [Wag] No. [Levi] Okay. [Unknown Person] [Wag] In fact, you can go way beyond. Absolutely. [Unknown Person] Way beyond--[INAUDIBLE] [Levi] I think the Norton Mound remains, pre-date when Jesus walked the earth fromfrom what I've learned from history. [Wag] Well, there's some in UP, there's not supposed to be any up there but there are. I had a girl that worked for me that found them up there. [Levi] To your recollection why do they call them the Hopewell Mounds? [Wag] I think there was a tribe, I don't know, I think there was a tribe that they called Hopewell people. I don't even know what that associates with, I don't have any idea. It might have been a name that-- [Unknown Person] Norton. �[Levi] I heard he was a farmer out in Ohio. That-That I guess they have mounds there. [Wag] Oh, yeah they do. [Levi] They associated the two, they connected them. They said: "Oh, they have to be Hopewell people." Though really it's named after the-- [Unknown Person] [Levi] Farms. [Unknown Person] [Levi] Do you know the name of the mounds-- --downtown where the museum is? Yeah [Unknown Person] That whole area was going to be a parking lot. And Randy Brown and I were on the board, and I told him. I said: "If you don't make those Indian mounds-turn em' Wag Wheeler over them. [Laughter] [Wag] Wha-what? [Unknown Person] Really! They were gonna make that a parking lot. [Wag] I hadn't heard that! [Wag] I'm sorry can I get--[INAUDIBLE] As you know... [Levi] No, no. This is great stuff! Our Christia-excuse me--Our questions are strictly a guide. But given the fact that you've run the Grand Rapids Inter-tribal council, you're going to be a little different in that you know things at a different level than some of the other people we're gonna interview. [Lin] Can I take a break real quick? [Levi] Yes, yes. [Lin] Can I use your computer and have it plugged into the wall? So, I can plug it into here? [Levi] Yes. [Lin] This sat here so long that the battery is dead. �[Levi] Let me go get my electrical cord. [Sneezing] That's no problem. � https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/15daeb4a8d0a27ce0234ba3dddbf1c7c.mp3 5251e4f3d7897ce5c40a86e5dc4ca97b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Interviews Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Native American Advisory Council Grand Valley State University. Kustche Office of Local History Description An account of the resource Interviews with members of Grand Rapids' urban Native American population collected as part of the Gi-gikinomaage-min Project: Defend Our History, Unlock Your Spirit. Translated from Anishinaabemowin, the original language of this area, Gi-gikinomaage-min means "We are all teachers." This is the name our project team choose to convey to the Native American community that through our stories and experiences, we are all teachers to someone. As we share those stories, we are allowing for our next generations to experience the past. Grand Rapids’ Native American community grew dramatically in the last half of the 20th century as a result of a little-known federal program that still impacts American Indian lives today. Called the Urban Relocation Program, it created one of the largest mass movements of Indians in American history. The full scope of this massive social experiment and its impact on multiple generations of Native Americans remains largely undocumented and unexplored. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015/2016 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Gi-gikinomaage-min Project Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America Indians of North America--Michigan Indians of North America--Education Potawatomi Indians Bode'wadmi Ojibwa Indians Anishinaabe Navajo Indians Dine'e Cherokee Indians Tsagali Aniyunwiya Archaeology Mound-builders Hopewellian culture Indian arts--North America Personal narrativse Grand Rapids (Mich.) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-10 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 video/mp4 application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Moving Image Text Language A language of the resource eng Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-10_Wheeler_Wagner_0615 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Wheeler, James Wagner "Wag" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015-04-23 Title A name given to the resource Wag Wheeler interview (audio and transcript) Description An account of the resource James Wagner "Wag" Wheeler was born in eastern Oklahoma to Cherokee parents in 1935. In his life in Salisaw, Oklahoma, Wheeler worked as an accountant and administrator until becoming the Executive Director of Oklahoma Indian Opportunity. After the organization lost its funding, he moved to Michigan to pursue a masters degree in public administration from the University of Michigan. There, he co-founded the Native American Student Association of UM, and was recruited to be the Executive Director of the Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Counter and became a major contributor to local Native American social services for 18 years. He served as the CEO of Grand Traverse Band of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians for two years. In this interview, he discusses his life and experiences as a community leader trying to reinvigorate Native cultural traditions in Grand Rapids community. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bardwell, Belinda (Interviewer) Rickert, Levi (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Cherokee Indians Tsagali Aniyunwiya Personal narratives Grand Rapids (Mich.) Indians of North America Indians of North America--Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Gi-gikinomaage-min Project Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/7325ff3efc86fcaf32f750f6bafd8335.pdf b5e5dee34115d9c55e108bcf44839322 PDF Text Text Native American Oral Histories Gi-gikinomaage-min Project Interview: Leroy Hall and Jason Quigno Interviewer: Belinda Bardwell Date: November 5, 2015 [Unknown] …impressions, just don't even look at the camera Okay. Alright. Alright, not the camera? Okay. Okay. [Lin] This is an interview with - please state your name - [Leroy] Leroy. Hall. [Lin] Hall. On November 5, 2015, for the Grand Valley State's project, Gigikinomaage-min, Defend Our History project. This is Belinda Bardwell and I'm doing the interviewing. We are located at 1111 Godfrey Avenue at Jason Quidno's[?] studio. And can you tell me where you were born? [Leroy] In Allegan, Michigan, which is I think, what, thirty, forty miles south of here. [Lin] How would you describe yourself or your ethnicity? [Leroy] What do you mean? [Lin] Like, are you Native American? [Leroy] Oh, yeah, yeah, yeah. I'm Native American, from Chippewa Pottawatomi. [Lin] Do you have family in the area? [Leroy] Yeah. yeah. I have, let's see, my mom, I have four sisters that live in the Grand Rapids area here, which they've lived here all their lives. Let's see, my dad, he lives in Traverse City area. And, let's see, I think that, yeah, I think that's about it. Yeah, and then I think I got cousins around town here. [Lin] Did you grow your whole life in Grand Rapids? [Leroy] Uh, no. Think, let me see, a couple of years. When I was first born I lived in Allegan. Oh, I mean when I was like a couple of months old. I went and lived with my grandma and lived with my grandma until I was like two and then move back with my Mom and Dad, periodically off and on, as I was growing up. I would always end up back at my grandparents’ house. I didn't like living in town here. So, I was always up north at their houses. 1|Page �[Lin] What was, why didn't you like living in Grand Rapids? [Leroy] I just didn't. It seems like crowded here, nothing to do. You know, I always like wanting to be out in the woods, and doing stuff in the woods and working on the farm and stuff. [Leroy] You know, that was like, there wasn't nothing really to do around town here. But back in like the ‘70s and early ‘80s. So, I just found it more interesting to be out in the country, you know. [Lin] And what country is that? Where did your grandma live? [Leroy] I had one grandma that lived in Merritt, which is up by Houghton Lake. And then my other grandma lived in, or, grandma and grandpa, lived in Mount Pleasant. So, them were the two places that I would bounce back and forth between. 'Cause like my one grandmother lived in Merritt, she lived like way out in the woods, and there wasn't like any- That's where I worked on the dairy farm at. And then, the grandma in Mount Pleasant, like when I'd be like wanting to hang around with my uncles and stuff, which are like my brothers, that's where I would go and stay for a while. So that was like from like you know like maybe about three or four years old all the way till like eleven twelve years old, did that. [Lin] So please describe some of your experiences with education. [Leroy] Oh, um, here in town or up North? [Lin] Just in general. [Leroy] Well, in general it was it was pretty rough. Coming from a Native American background and everybody knowing you know and if they didn't know it they would ask and then you know and then the name calling, and all the “woo woo woo,” and all that crap would start. You know? [Lin] Here, or? [Leroy] Here and then up North. You know, you had to deal with a lot of racism. The farm boys up in the country, you know. You had to deal with them. So, it was pretty tough, you know, having to deal with the racism. [Lin] Do you think it was better or worse in a certain area? [Leroy] No I think it was - I think it was kind of the same everywhere. You know, whether it was in like Merritt or Mount Pleasant. You know in Mount Pleasant there was, there was more Native Americans or Indians to be around, you know. So, it 2|Page �calmed it down a little bit. Here in town it was a little rough, you know, at times. But you know, I fit in here a little, okay I guess. [Lin] Was there large Native American student body here in Grand Rapids when you went to school? [Leroy] Nope. [Lin] What schools did you go to? [Leroy] I went to Hall School here, up on the hill. I went to Kensington up in the Black Hills area. That was one, see I graduated sixth grade at Kensington. and then I went to Burton Junior High and then uh, from there let's see, I went to Lake City High School, and a high school in Mount Pleasant. [Lin] So you graduated from Mount Pleasant high school? [Leroy] No I graduated from Brimley High School, in the U.P. [Lin] Did you go onto to college at all? [Leroy] Yeah, I took like a year of college. [Lin] Where at? [Leroy] Bay Mills Community College and I was trying to get into Lake Superior, couldn't cut it. I went to uh, Bay de Noc Community College for a while. Um, but, didn't graduate. [Lin] What was the atmosphere like in college, going to a Native-based college, in a Native community? [Leroy] It was pretty cool. I fit in well. It was really supportive. Uh, you know we had a lot of support, lot of support from the students as well as the teachers. You know, they were really helpful. [Lin] Were you involved in any extracurricular activities? [Leroy] Ooh, yep. Well I was class president. So, I did, worked on a lot of different committees and stuff. And did a lot of functions like fundraisings and stuff like that. For the class or student body had a seat on the board regions for the Chippewa County. That was about it. [Lin] What was the most positive experience you had in college? In all of your 3|Page �colleges? [Leroy] I think the Bay Mills one. That was-- the best I think college that I attended, for the longest. Yeah, that was pretty helpful [Lin] Were you able to utilize the Michigan Indian Tuition Waiver at that time? [Leroy] Let me see, Um, I was having some problems with my enrollment into the tribe and, so, uh. See, I'm trying to think. I think I did, yup, because Robert Van Alstein at the BIA had to help me with-- my paperwork was messed all up. So, he was real helpful in getting everything all straightened around and everything, and getting me the financial aid that I needed to go. [Lin] And what tribe are you enrolled with? [Leroy] Saginaw Chippewa. [Lin] Okay. Um, so moving on to your employment history. Can you tell me about being Native in the workforce in Grand Rapids? [Leroy] Yeah, I-I've never really had a problem getting a job. I always had employment and I really never had a bad experience. I don't think as far as like racism or anything like that. Well, but I always worked in construction. So, you know. You know, I guess I fit on the crew. So, you know. So, you know there was no racism there or anything like that. [Lin] Okay, so we covered work experience. So there was no experiences of racism in the workforce? [Leroy] Not that I can recall. [Lin] That's good. So about your family? Can you tell me a little about your parents? Your siblings? [Leroy] Well, my Mom and Dad are still alive. I have four sisters that are still alive. I grew up with my aunts and uncles more than anything. Well, actually my uncles. And my grandpa and grandmas more than anything in my younger years. I got to know my sister's later on. Well, periodically as a kid. But then, like growing up and getting older, I got to know them more and more recently within the past ten years, I've gotten to know them a little more. I moved back to Grand Rapids here. It's been close to ten years now. Where I came back here. So, I'm getting to know them more. And my mom as well, getting more closer to them, I guess. [Lin] Um, you know there is a large Native community in Grand Rapids. Is your-are 4|Page �you involved with the native community? Do you go to function, are your family involved? [Leroy] I don't really think that they are. I know when the pow wows come they talk about going down. I don't know if they ever make it down. I know I go down there and hang out for a minute. You know. As far as like some of the other functions I don't think they do. I know up North, like in Peshawbestown. My kids are into it. You know, they attend a lot of functions, and are involved with a lot of stuff like that up there but, as far as like my mom and my sister's, they aren't. And don't-- [Lin] Do you --Can you tell me why you don't think they are? [Leroy] I think they just stay to themselves, and don't participate in that stuff. I think they, you know like-- I don't know. You know, I don't know if they just like don't, or are that in touch with like the Native Americans. You know I mean they know a lot of Native Americans. But I think they just stick to themselves. You know? Yeah, that's all I can say, you know? That's all I know. [Lin] Do you – are you part of any sort of religious group or congregation within the Grand Rapids area. [Leroy] No. [Lin] So, are you traditionalist? Uh, do you attend ceremonies? Are you involved at all with any native functions or events or activities going on? [Leroy] No. [Lin] Okay. What influences has national organizations such as AIM or any other civil rights organization play through the course of your life? Past, present, future? [Leroy] I like to like, read on some of that stuff. And, you know, and I do get, you know, upset. You know, when I see and read and hear about racist stuff going on happening to the youth. You know, our kids. You know, because I know what I went through you know and I know that even though that I didn't really go through – you know there were some rocky areas, here and there. But, I know that kids and adults, some people, go through rougher stuff then I have, you know. And still are you know with society. You know, or racists. You know, things going on, and you know I wish something more could be done about it. You know, because I see that stuff like Black Lives Matter, and it's like everybody matters, not only black lives. Or, blue lives matter. You know, everybody matters. You know. Not just that particular race. You know, I mean yeah, they had it rough. You know, but the Native Americans had it rough too, you know? It’s just got to change. 5|Page �[Lin] Can you tell me about any positive experiences through the course of your experiences in Grand Rapids that you have had within the Native community? [Leroy] Um, here! At Anishinaabe Studios. [Lin] What goes on here? [Leroy] We do stone carving here. And, so you know, we come here every day, and you know me and Jason are Native American. And we connect well and that's a part of who we are as a people. So, I think that helps me out. You know, because otherwise I wouldn't be connecting with the Native American side of me if I was out hanging out with my other friends. So, I do like come in here every day being a part of this here. I can't explain what it is here. But, I know it's a lot of good. You know, that happens here. That I like being here. [Lin] Can you tell me about any negative experiences through the course of your experiences in Grand Rapids? [Leroy] What like school? [Lin] Anything stand out? [Leroy] I don't know. I don't know. Like when? Like recently? Or when I was younger, or older? [Lin] When you were younger. [Leroy] When I was younger? Yeah, I remember. I think about that a lot. You know, about when I went to Hall School. There was a little guy in class and the teacher, he was a Hispanic guy, and he use to pick on this little guy every day. And he would like shake him and the school had like a--Um, it was, a brick like pillars. And then in between the pillars were wood you know, and then glass, or windows on the top. So, it was kind of not as solid as bricks. So, this teacher would like bang that little guy up on the wall, and shaking them windows. You know-- and I don't know how that little guy would come to school every day but he would, you know, knowing he was going to get picked on by the teacher every day. So, I think about that a lot. And he was a little white guy, you know. So, it was like I don't know if that Hispanic teacher was like reversing the role, or what! You know? Because there was a lot of--you know--like me, and then there was like Puerto Ricans, and Mexicans in the classroom. You know none of us got touched. You know, but it was just this little white guy that always got picked on in that one class. And you know. So, I always felt bad for that guy. 6|Page �[Lin] So, if you could summarize into one, or know you, a couple highlights about who you are as an urban Native what would you like to the next generation? [Leroy] Sheesh, what was that? [Lin] What would you like to pass on to the next generation of Native Americans? You mentioned that you-- [Leroy] Yeah, I think I would, um, just like to--I don't know, maybe artwork? You know? get in touch with your Native background and express it through artwork or something. And education is--everybody-- you have to go to school to get educated. [Lin] For sure. Would you be willing to teach your artwork and your skills to the next generation? [Leroy] Woo, I don't know about that! Because I'm not a good teacher. [Laughter] [Leroy] I'm a do-er, I'm not a teacher. [Lin] Was there anything that I didn't ask you that you would like to talk about today? [Leroy] Hm, let me see. No, I think. I don't know if you have more questions I could think about. I think that's about it. [Lin] Um, no, that's all the questions I have. [Leroy] Sheesh. Alright. Yeah. Is that it? [Lin] Yeah! [Leroy] Alright, cool! I wish I could've thought about more. [Lin] This is Belinda Bardwell, on November 5, 2015 at 1111 Godfrey and I'm interviewing Jason Quigno for the Gi-gikinomaage-min and Defend Our History Project through Grand Valley State University. What is your name? [Jason] Jason Quigno. [Lin] And how do you spell Quigno? [Jason] Q U I G N O. [Lin] Can you tell me about where you were born? 7|Page �[Jason] I was born in Alma, Michigan. And grew up--well, my Early life was in Mount Pleasant, part of the Saginaw Chippewa Tribe. I moved to Keweenaw Bay when I was probably about five or so. I remember going to preschool up there. Probably younger that's where my earlier childhood was. [Lin] Okay. And when did you first make contact in Grand Rapids? [Jason] About fifteen years ago. [Lin] Oh, wow. [Jason] Yeah. [Lin] So where did you go to school then? In Keweenaw Bay? [Jason] Nope. Uh, I grew up in Keewanaw bay till I was a teenager. I moved to Mount Pleasant, went to school there, didn't finish school. Finished school. And I started my GED in the county jail and finished in a treatment. [laughter] That's my education. [Lin] So when you moved here, what did you do when you right moved here fifteen years ago? [Jason] I had sobered up, actually. That's when I was in treatment up in Escanaba. And then I moved on here. I met a woman before that. So, I moved in with her. I've been down here ever since--Well, when I first move--When I first got here I did stage work at Van Andel, and all the venues in town and Southern Michigan basically. [Lin] What stage work? [Jason] Stage hand. As part of the union. Doing um--setting up for concerts, wrestling, opera. Just all kinds of different shows. Whenever they needed audio or stage they call us in. And then, I always did the stone sculpture. And, I would say probably about twelve years ago, I just quit work all together and just started carving stone and here I am. [Laughter] [Lin] So, in your job, here as an artist, obviously you, work with Louis. What is his name? [Jason] Leroy. [Lin] Leroy. Do you have other people in the same area that you work with that are 8|Page �non-Native? [Jason] Yeah, in this building. This whole complex. It's full of artists, which is really cool. there's uh, clothing, and a guy makes like hand bags, all kinds of cool stuff. Painters, sculptures, photographers, furniture makers. Even coffee roasters in this complex. It's really cool. So, it's pretty diverse. Next door there are Cubans. They carve stone, they carve wood. And, we share this building I'm in. So, it's pretty good. We just kind of hang out. It's not even like working some days. [Laughter] [Lin] Like today? [Jason] Yeah. [Lin] So, you grew up in a Native community- [Jason] Yeah [Lin] And then you live your adult life in the urban community. Can you tell me, kind of, your experiences and how they differ from each community? [Jason] Yeah. My earliest memories were of Keewanaw Bay, of course. Being a small town and it was a Native community. There were a lot of Natives. But there is a division. Even at a young age I could tell. Like my teacher, I remember her-- I don't remember her name. But she was prejudiced against Native Americans. Even the kids she treated us Native kids bad in class. So, that always kind of stuck with me. Just a lot how the white people were up there. But it went--Now that I'm older, I know it goes both ways. Once people get caught in that-- it seems to happen in small towns a lot where there is a Native community. You know they get on their two sides and it just doesn't stop, you know? [Lin] So do you find it to be easier to be Native in Grand Rapids? [Jason] I did. When I--and uh, Mount Pleasant--I grew up there in my teenage years. And that was it was kinda of the same, but not as severe. The most severe was when I was in Keewanaw Bay. Honestly, I don't remember much of my teenage years it was a while back. [Laughter] But, uh, down here, I remember quite a bit and it was it was a lot easier because there is diversity. There is the Black community, the Hispanic community, and I kind of liked that I was pretty anonymous down here. [Lin] That's important. [Jason] Where I live, I live in Jenison. It's pretty Dutch over there. You know? They're nice people. But when I first moved down here, people were trying to save me. Like I would go to church, "Oh, are you from Zuni Reservation? You know we do 9|Page �missionary work out there." Or "Do you believe in Jesus?" I'm like, "Come on man." I said "I grew up going to church!" Said, uh--"I went to church just like you guys did." [Laughter] [Lin] So, you grew up in a church are you still--Skipping down to the religious part-- Do you find yourself still religious? And attend church? [Jason] Nah. I dropped that a long time ago. [Lin] So how do you feel that part of your life went? [Jason] I'm just spiritual and in the [?] around me. I don't need no church or anything to pray to which is – I am always connected. I guess I follow more traditional ways. But even in that, I've been kind of evolving over the years. Where I just have my own thing going on, and I'm happy with that. [Lin] That's important. So, can you tell me little bit about your parents and siblings and your gamut of family? [Jason] My parents are up in Mount Pleasant. My father passed away at a young age. My mother is still alive. I have a sister down here who lives in Grand Rapids. And a cousin. Most of my family is in Mount Pleasant. Yeah, we-- It was a good upbringing, you know the usual. We had our issues with drugs and alcohol, and the whole-- all that stuff. But, you know, it's just part of life. [Lin] You'd mentioned that you're a traditional Native. Is any of your family or yourself take part in the activities that go on in Grand Rapids? The events, or--? [Jason] I do once in a great while, when I have time. I used to more so, when I first moved down here. When I first moved down, coming from the reservation, I was really looking for that connection with Natives. Because I was thrust into the white community where I was living. So it was nice to connect with the Natives. So, I would go to the feast or the pow wow. And whatever little thing they had going on. [Lin] So you mentioned that you don't do that as much. What's the reason for that? [Jason] Work. [Lin] Well, that's good. [Jason] Yeah, I'm always working here all the time. [Lin] So the question of the influences of civil rights organizations or political 10 | P a g e �organizations. How has any of those, you know like AIM, or other organizations that you can think of--How have they influenced you? Or were you involved? [Jason] I normally keep to myself in a lot of things. When I was younger, I used to get into that a little bit with the AIM. I remember when Keewanaw Bay, they had their uprising I was up there supporting them around that whole thing with the take over and all that stuff. [Lin] Nice. [Jason] But after a while, you know, I just do my own thing. [Lin] Okay. Can you tell me about a positive experience that you've had living in Grand Rapids as a Native? [Jason] I guess just the communities. Like I said, it is a lot more diverse. Coming from where I grew up. I guess. Personally, and Native my artwork that open my eyes to a lot broader spectrum. Because before I was just, I'd just seen one type of thing my whole life. You know, there's bead work. You know, other designs. But then moving here there's all this painting and all these different diverse forms of work. I would say that's positive. [Lin] How did you learn your skill of being a stone sculptor? [Jason] There was a class where I grew up on the Saginaw Chippewa reservation. It was through the Education Department. A couple members-- Well, one member went to school in Santa Fe. He went to the Institute out there. He learned that out there. And he brought it back to the rez. And his apprentice--him and his first apprentice started a class. When I was fourteen. And, I just stuck with it ever since. [Lin] Who has been an inspiration to your artwork? What has been an inspiration? [Jason] There's many things. I'd like to give them guys credit though. Dennis Christy was the guy who first brought it across. and Dan Mena. So, they were inspiration to me at one time, they still are. I guess promoting our stories through stone because in the past it’s been handed down through word of mouth and some of artwork. You know-- the baskets and stuff. But this is-- we're in here now. So, what I do, one of my missions is, to put them stories in stone. Other cultures and societies have their stories from seven thousand years ago. So, I thought--well, we need that for us. [?]. [Lin] Can you tell me a little--Have you ever had a negative experience living in the urban setting? 11 | P a g e �[Jason] You know it's what you make of it, really. You know, because you're going to run into ignorance all the time. Just like, how I said I moved to Jenison and the people… It's just how they grew up. It gets frustrating but it's like you can't get through to them because they don't see. They don't experience what we experience. We don’t experience what they experience. How we going to -We're just going to be butting heads like in the--back on the rez. And in that little town. So, I've kind of of learned like – You know it's no big deal, really. You know? [Lin] Has anything changed in Jenison since you've been there? [Jason] Not really. But, I work down here. So, I'm down here mostly. I'm in the Hispanic community. [Laughter] People probably think I'm a big Mexican down here. But, you know, I feel comfortable down here. You know some people don't like the neighborhood, but I like it. So, I've been down--working down here for like twelve years. But talking about that experience. When I first moved here, it wasn't just Jenison. I'm not trying to put Jenison people down either. It's just, like, all over. But I usually get the people wanting to take pictures with me. You know? [Lin] Is that because you are Indian? Or because you are and artist? [Jason] Indian like when I first moved here. Like, one I went to a school with my girlfriend Penny. Who went to her old school, I forgot what for, it was in the high school and all them kids were staring at me in the windows. I happen to look over. It never seen an Indian. It's like "Holy!" [Laughter] [Lin] When was this? Like 1954? [Jason] Like about twelve years ago, or twelve-thirteen years ago. That was kind of crazy you know? I thought, "sheesh". So, like that stuff. And then, oe guy, he was kind of annoying in the grocery store. In the grocery store he said, "So are you Lakota? You know, I've been out there quite a bit." He would tell me every time. I know he was just old and trying to be friendly. But after a while it got annoying. "Man, you tell me the same story every time I see you!" [Laughter] [Lin] So what would you like to pass on to the next generations? [Jason] Uh-- just, um. It's what-- I guess, um--Going with it. Experience it's what you make of it. You know, as we walk through life we're going to experience a lot of negative stuff. It's what we make, you know? There's going to be prejudice and people are going to throw all that negative stuff at us, but, you know, don't let it get to you. It's-- 12 | P a g e �[Lin] How do you handle that? I mean it's easy to say, "It's what you make of it," but in practice? [Jason] It's just--I don't know. I just came to a point of my life where it don't bother me. It's because mostly, it's on them. You know you see if you really truly look at people. The different group. They grew up with that whole mentality of how they look at us. Or, how they look at the Hispanic or Black groups. Or even then--or even us, we're prejudiced against other groups, you know? Even within our own groups. That's one thing that does bother me. It's like--um, some Natives--they're like half, or a quarter--and then I hear the darker ones, I guess you would say, put them down you know calling them white and all that. It's like "Pft" But yet, they will be crying racism--You know, it's like-- Man can you be that way? and yet say all that stuff. So, it's like I guess you just have to look into it. I guess that's how I would say-- how do you handle that? You really look at the situation. You really look at them people and consider their background, and all that--where they are coming from. You just come to an understanding, you know? [Lin] Hm, sorry, that was my own personal question. Is there anything that I didn't ask that you want to talk about today? [Jason] No. I think I'm good. [Laughter] [Lin] Well, thank you. [Jason] Thank you. 13 | P a g e � https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c41f9c465f8c9761d5afb958d08227d0.mp3 bca261281815fdcf207ef4c2b83def05 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Interviews Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Native American Advisory Council Grand Valley State University. Kustche Office of Local History Description An account of the resource Interviews with members of Grand Rapids' urban Native American population collected as part of the Gi-gikinomaage-min Project: Defend Our History, Unlock Your Spirit. Translated from Anishinaabemowin, the original language of this area, Gi-gikinomaage-min means "We are all teachers." This is the name our project team choose to convey to the Native American community that through our stories and experiences, we are all teachers to someone. As we share those stories, we are allowing for our next generations to experience the past. Grand Rapids’ Native American community grew dramatically in the last half of the 20th century as a result of a little-known federal program that still impacts American Indian lives today. Called the Urban Relocation Program, it created one of the largest mass movements of Indians in American history. The full scope of this massive social experiment and its impact on multiple generations of Native Americans remains largely undocumented and unexplored. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015/2016 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Gi-gikinomaage-min Project Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America Indians of North America--Michigan Indians of North America--Education Potawatomi Indians Bode'wadmi Ojibwa Indians Anishinaabe Navajo Indians Dine'e Cherokee Indians Tsagali Aniyunwiya Archaeology Mound-builders Hopewellian culture Indian arts--North America Personal narrativse Grand Rapids (Mich.) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-10 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 video/mp4 application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Moving Image Text Language A language of the resource eng Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-10_Hall_Leroy_1115 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hall, Leroy Quigno, Jason Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015-11-05 Title A name given to the resource Leroy Hall and Jason Quigno interview (audio and transcript) Description An account of the resource Leroy Hall is a member of the Saginaw Chippewa tribe, who resides in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Leroy grew up in a number of Michigan communities, including Merritt, Mount Pleasant, and Grand Rapids. He attended college at Bay de Noc Community Collee and Bay Mills. In his interview he discusses his family, education, experiences of racism, and practicing sculpture. Jason Quigno is a member of the Saginaw Chippewa tribe, who also resides in Grand Rapids, Michigan. He grew up in Mount Pleasant and Keweenaw Bay. In his interview, he discusses his personal history, perspective on racism, and practice of traditional art. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bardwell, Belinda (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Ojibwa Indians Anishinaabe Personal narratives Grand Rapids (Mich.) Indians of North America Indians of North America--Michigan Indian arts--North America Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Gi-gikinomaage-min Project Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/edb6df67e42f0b949730a18b6041fd93.pdf de58080be0006a6184057a2bed7397a0 PDF Text Text Native American Oral Histories Gi-gikinomaage-min Project Interview: June Mamagona Fletcher Interviewer: Belinda Bardwell Date: April 6, 2016 [Lin] So, I am interviewing June Mamagona Fletcher for the Gi-gikinomaage-min Defend Our History Project. Oral History project through the Kutsche office of Grand Valley State University. It's April 6th, it's about 2 P.M. and we are in the studios of WGVU. I want to thank you June for allowing me to interview you today. I was wondering if you could introduce yourself? [June] Well, I'm glad to be here. My name is June Mamagona Fletcher, and my father is David Mamagona. Who's Grand Traverse Ottawa, and my mother is Laura Stevens, and she is a decedent of the Pokagon tribe, and I am Bear Clan through my mother’s side. I'm married to Richard Fletcher, and my sons are Matthew Fletcher and Zeke Fletcher. On the side note, I graduated from Grand Valley State University many years ago. With my master’s degree in business administration. [Lin] Nice! Where were you born? [June] I was born in Detroit, Michigan. My father was relocated during the forties to Detroit. In a roundabout way he met my mother. So, they lived there for a while. At least while I was born. Then they would move back to Dorr in Allegan County. When my brother was born they moved back to Detroit, so we were both born in the same Mt. Carmel Hospital in Detroit. [Lin] Oh, okay. So, where was your father is located from? [June] He was relocated from--Um, by Traverse City. He lived at Kewadin area, which is on the other side of the Peninsula from Peshawbestown. Then my mother grew up in Allegan County. She was one of the few people who didn't go to the boarding school in that particular area, because she had TB. She was diagnosed with TB. So, about the time that they went from twelve to sixteen, she was in the hospital. Then she was out of the hospital for a few months. Then she was in a car accident and broke her back. So, then she was out again. She was one of the first recipients of the GED certificate. That she earned when she was in the hospital. She was also one of the first people to get her LPN license in-state they had just started the program when she was a young person. [Lin] And where did she work? [June] She worked--Uh, she started out at Allegan General Hospital, and she worked at 1|Page �various places. When she retired, she retired from Michigan Veterans Facility. [Lin] Oh. [June] And then my father was an engineer. He went to college in Angola, Indiana. He was what they call--Uh, a job shopper, or engineer. But, he would do short term projects. So, they would live in various places while he--Um, ‘til he would finish up a project in the particular city. Then usually they move back to Allegan County. Either with my grandpa, or in that area. [Lin] So, that's your Pottawatomie side? [June] Yes, that was my Pottawatomie side. I also lived for a couple years up with my grandpa Mamagona in Kewadin. When my dad was working and going to school through Ford Motor Company. So, that was pretty interesting. He was one of the people that invented the shift system for the Mustang. [Lin] Nice! [June] So, now I know why I like Mustangs. [Lin] That's my favorite car too. Okay, so where was the majority of your time growing up spent? [June] Uh, probably once my brother got older, it was probably Grand Rapids. That's where I grew up. Um, and I went to--I started high school at Central Michigan-Uh, Central Christian, and then I went to-- I graduated from Creston High School. In fact, the year that I graduated Joanne Sprague and I were the only two Native American students to graduate from in the city of Grand Rapids. [Lin] How was attending school being the only two Native people in the school? [June] We didn't actually even go to school together very much. She went to Central and I went to Christian. I mean to say Creston. But, I-- they had a program where I would go to Central once a day for physics class, and then we would go out to lunch together, so--Plus, you know, I'd known her all my life. [Lin] Mhm. [June] She's about the same age as I was, and her family was real close with my aunt and uncle. Well anyway, and there's a lot of Spragues. [Laughter] [Lin] They're sprinkled throughout. 2|Page �[June] Yeah. [Lin] Uh, did you suffer any racism? Or— [June] You know being the only one for many many years in the different school systems that I went to, it was more of a novelty for me when I was growing up. I really didn't--Uh, the most overt racism that I ever came to is when I was in the restroom, after seeing a movie at Studio Twenty-Eight. You know afterwards, after that that big glass of ice tea--you really have to go. [Laughter] Alright, so I'm standing in line and I got finished. And I came out and this woman, she said "Well I'm not going in after her." Then she'd turned around, then the lady behind her-"Well, don't care!" And then she went in there. She wouldn't use the restroom after me. That was probably the most overt. [Lin] Yeah? About how old were you? [June] I was probably about twenty. [Lin] Sheese. [June] And I really didn't care. [Laughter] It's her problem. [Lin] Okay, so you graduated from Creston. And I noticed that you went to Western Michigan University. [June] Mhm. [Lin] What was it like attending there your first--So, you weren't the first-generation college student--'Cause your mother and father were-- [June] Well technically if you go by the federal guidelines, I was. Because my father didn't get a bachelor’s degree and my mother had a certificate, a nursing certificate. So, technically. But, growing up – I actually went to Grand Rapids Community College first. I think probably, I went to college the hard way. You know, I got married first, had a kid, and then decide to go back to college. Which makes it a little bit different. Because then you have home, family, work. You know, then school and studying. That was probably the most difficult way to do it. But, I had a lot of support at home. You know, Richard was real supportive, my mother's real supportive. Helped me to take care of my son and I made it through, and I went to, after Community College, is when I went to Western. Again, you know, my family is real helpful and help me get me through there. After I graduated there, was probably a couple years later when I started working here at Grand Valley State University. Then I worked here for seventeen years. While I was working here is when I got my vouchers. Actually, I was probably one 3|Page �of the first people to use the Tuition Waiver Program. When I was going to GRCC. [Lin] Can you explain a little bit what the tuition waiver program is? [June] Well, it's not really tight down the way it is now, it was more loose. 'Cause people weren't really schools, and the people weren't really sure how to use it. I got my certification through the Bureau of Indian Affairs. So, that's how you did that back then, rather than going through your tribes. We'd have to go--the way they do it nowadays. I also I got some school funding through them to help pay for my child care, when I was going through there. So, everything was through the Bureau of Indian Affairs as opposed to tribes. Everything is run through tribes now. The process was you just fill out the form, and approve it by the BIA. Then you send it to the State of Michigan, and there it was. You know, the school had to waive your tuition, basically. While you was going to school. That was before the State of Michigan actually set up a funding process for the tuition waiver. [Lin] What year was that? [June] Oh, man! [Laughter] Um, let's see. Probably 1979. [Lin] And that was the beginning of that tuition waiver? [June] Yeah, right around there. I think it actually was starting in like ’77, ’78. But, you know, it took them a while to figure out how they were going to do it. So, I think for me it was ’79, is when I… I only got, like, one semester in before I graduated. Then I started in at Western in 1981. Then I graduated from there in ’83. Then I started here in ‘90, I think. [Lin] And what did you do at Grand— [Unknown Person] Can we pause? [Lin] Is it off? [Unknown Person] [Lin] Oh. [Unknown Person] [Lin] Can you restate that question? What was the question? [Unknown Person] 4|Page No, it's not off. [INAUDIBLE] �[Lin] Oh, I was gonna-- I was going to-- So, what did you do here at Grand Valley State University? [June] I worked for the talent search program, and our job was to assist first generation students into continuing their education beyond high school. So, when I first started, we only work with high school students to get them prepared, shown them what the ropes are, help 'em fill out scholarships, college applications, and financial aid to continue their education beyond high school. Okay. And, we worked with alternative schools. So, a lot of my students went to Grand Rapids Community College. And not all of them went for, you know-- Not everybody is going to become a teacher, or lawyer, or whatever. They were mainly going for continuing studies in some area. It could be out of mechanics, it could be nursing, it could be childcare assisting--there was a number different programs that GRCC had back then. That my student started out for, and since we worked with non-traditional students-- What I did, is my focus was on--Um, I had two focuses. One was adult education, and then the other one was the Native American community. So, I assisted probably over the seventeen years, probably hundreds of Native American members of this community. To continue to-- at least know what they had to do to continue their education. You know, they might've not went that year, or they mighta' started and then stopped. And then, you know, five years later they were in a better spot, and then they started back up--but, at least they knew what the ropes were to continue their education beyond high school. [Lin] What were some of the common threads between the Native community and getting access to higher education. [June] Well, knowledge is one thing--that being first generation students, a lot of students didn't know what they had to do to get into higher education. And, having a really good institution like GRCC, where they had a number of different programs that you can use. They had a number of choices that they could figure out where they wanted to use the tuition waiver at. [Lin] Mhm. [June] Because you're--the tuition waiver only covers public colleges and universities. So, we kinda went down that route and for some people they continued on--You know, I have students – You know I meet people at Meijers they'll say: "Oh! Missus Fletcher! You know, you helped me get my master’s degree. Do you remember way back when?” and I just say--well you know! I had eight hundred clients a year! [Laughter] [June] So, you know. Can you give me a break here? Can you tell me what your name 5|Page �was, and where, you know, whatever? But, you know, a lot of 'em have gone to get their doctorates. You know? I think once you know what the ropes are it's easier. Also, it was helpful for the parents too. Because, parents-- They wanna be able to help their students--their kids-- and they don't wanna look like they don't know what they're doing. So, it's nice when everybody comes in and you tell them, you gotta do this, this, this, and this. Had a nice little check list going, and these are the things that you had to do. And, as a parent this is what you have to do, and as a student this is what you have to do. So, graduating from high school was always the number one priority. Which is really nice working with Ron in the community, because he had kind of a nice classroom that I could start out with working with students. He had--we had a lot--we supported each other. So, he would you know say: "Well, June you know this is what we wanna do. And you know, come visit colleges, provide scholarship assistance, and information." And, we would work together in getting these kids graduated. I was just looking at pictures the other day, I was trying to remember what I did way back then, and I'm going, you know, we had a lot of kids that we both worked with over the years that through the Grand Rapids Public schools. [Lin] So at that time, you mentioned Ron, who's Ron? [June] Ron Yob is a teacher that worked with the alternative education programs in the Grand Rapids Public School system. And his classroom was mainly for Native American students. [Lin] So did you work closely with the Native American education program within GRPS? [June] Um, off and on, depending on what was going on. Actually, I worked, probably five years for the Native American Education Program when I first started working in Grand Rapids Public Schools. And then I did not -- um-- I had my second child and went on maternity leave and then when I came back I went into Community Education work. [Lin] Okay so, let me fast forward, you answer all my questions before I ask him. [June] Oh well that's good. [Lin] Less I have to do. Sorry [Laughs] I get off track. Okay I am so being able to focus on the Native community within your job at GVSU, was that difficult to push through GVSU, or did they allow you to focus on the Native community. [June] Well because of the grant requirements, it was fairly easy to work with the Native American community because it was one of our focus areas, because we worked with non-dominant populations. And so, we had various, we had, we worked with 6|Page �the Black American community, we worked with the Hispanic community and our advisors you know had our -- everybody in our program had their different areas of expertise. But our main overall function usually was working with alternative education programs. You know, so we worked with young mothers, we worked with people that were just coming to the community from other countries, we worked with displaced homemakers. So, you know we had a really wide range of areas within our program and one of the things of having a federal grant like that is Grand Valley does sign off and they were always very supportive of our program, as we were going through. [Lin] And the grant that was for Talent Search? [June] Which is one of the TRIO programs through the Department of Education. [Lin] Okay. Yeah that still is going on today. Are there any students that stand out in your history? You know working with Grand Rapids Public schools, there was always a couple of students that stand out and I remember. Just wondering if you had any? [June] Oh well not right off hand. [Lin] Okay. [June] They were all pretty good. [Lin] Um, let's see here, more about Grand Valley. So, working with Ron Yob, what exactly did he do for his students through your perspective. [June] He was a hands-on educator, and an all-around one, so if the student was lagging behind in any of their educational areas he would reinforce that and if they were having problems at home, he would make home visits. And there's been a couple times where both of us had gone to talk to a parent because the student wanted to go to college but the parent was not on board with the student continuing their education. So we would sit and have a discussion about you know what education does for you. And what education does is gives you the possibility of making choices of what you want to do. Many times, um say, you get your education in Education, but that doesn't always mean you're gonna be a teacher. There's a lot of possibilities that you can do within the educational system. You might have a background in business and you might you know end up being a trainer for a large company. You're still in education and you're still teaching but you're doing it in a different focus area. So there's a lot of different possibilities you could do with that, same with nursing. You know you go into nursing and everybody thinks oh you're gonna be a nurse. That's not -- you may end up with Insurance Company. You know, looking at claims and checking out 7|Page �the possibilities, you know, of what you know this claim might cover not cover. [Lin] So you mentioned job training. I noticed that you also had a career as part of the Michigan Indian employment training. [June] I've been on the board for since 1985. Oh, for me it's, oh my goodness, um, and that, originally and still is the focus is to help assist Native American peoples in the work place and the requirements have changed over the years. I think they're slowly kinda winding it down as far as funding goes and as far as support goes with within the government process. Politics are changing, you know, and a lot of it is going with politics on that one. But again, there's a number of people that were - a lot of people that were assisted through the program because of that. [Lin] So what exactly did the program do? [June] Well what it used to do is use to help people. I would work with employers and would place people and employers it would help him with job training. It would help them with the equipment. There was a lot of, you know, everything you might need -- transportation through the public system -- so there was number of things that, you know, would assist people in the area. One of the other things that we did, that I did when I worked with Grand Valley, was we had a higher education advocacy program that we worked with colleges around the State of Michigan. So, say I have somebody that's graduating from Grand Rapids Community College and they wanna become an engineer. Maybe, you know, there are a good enough student and they always really wanted to go to the University of Michigan. So, I would work with that staff person at Michigan to see if the possibility of that student transferring over there and then because of the support program they have, you know, not only would help them, they'd help them through the whole process, a lot of times, even if they were only working, say, in financial aid. You know they would still say, well this is a good place to live or, you know you don't really need a car, or maybe you need to find a place to park a car outside the city and then use the public system within the city to get around. Ann Arbor is, you know, a real different type of city than Grand Rapids, and also bringing that up. I also I had, say like I had students, because I would work, like with you know, with Waylon or Hopkins and the students from there might want to go to like the University of Michigan or Michigan State University, and you know it's a totally different system. You know and I had some success but I also had a few that maybe were not quite as successful. They get into, you know, that huge environment and it was just too overwhelming for some students. [Lin] Was there departments or offices on campus that helped deal with that transition period between living at home going to high school to a bigger university like that? 8|Page �[June] You mean with here? [Lin] With any school. [June] Oh yeah there's all -- it's just a matter of finding the support system, and that's basically like what I would do through my program, is we would dig in the background and find out what needed to be done. You know to make that person that student successful and where they wanted to go. [Lin] Do you have-- um-- did you used to work, you know like Ron and several other people had worked at the Native American Alternative School, that was at Lexington I believe. Did you work specifically with that school? [June] Not specifically with that, because that, when they first started out they weren't part of the public school system. It was Title IVC and it was part of inter-tribal council. [Lin] So you worked closely with inter-tribal council? [June] Well I actually, I was working with a Native American program at that time and our office was there. [Lin] So yeah? [June] Well not really, because we were part of the Grand Rapids Public Schools. So, I worked with the schools as a paraprofessional. [Lin] And where were all those offices located at the time? [June] Well let's see, we had an office, we started -- where did we start out at? We started out at Lexington, then we went to Westside Complex, and then we went back to Lexington and that's where they were when I went on maternity leave. And then after that I think they went, that's when they went to West Bridge, West Middle. [Lin] West Middle. Okay. I think that's when I started working there at West Middle. Let's see, so. So, working in Grand Rapids, did you also live in Grand Rapids too? Or did you live south of? [June] Well I did live here but not when I worked here. I worked -- I lived south of here when my son was, I think he was about four, we moved to Cutlerville. So it wasn't that far away. 9|Page �[Lin] What was Grand Rapids like for Native people back then. [June] Oh I don't know. We used to have a lot of fun. [Laughs] We had a lot of different things you know and we had all our get-togethers and know you we really worked as a close community and so, and when we did projects we did as a community. We didn't do it as say, one person. That's the person that's responsible for everything that went on. We worked together as though there was a number of people that were all contributing in their various areas. When we started the Native American Coalition, it was actually the brain child of Laura Church. She brought in the resources to figure out how we wanted do this. The coalition, whether we wanted to be our standalone entity, or whatever, and since all the members were all--usually came from nonprofit organizations it seemed kinda silly for us to become a nonprofit organization. So that's why we went with the coalition route. I can't think of any of the people around any of the organizations around here that didn't contribute when we first started out. We used to have the Back to School program. Again, that was kinda like a Laura Church idea and everybody just kinda though, “Aw, it's a great idea!” We all got in, everybody made contributions, and everybody--one group would bring in the food, and then another group would bring in projects, and another one would bring in--We had educational centers that would come in and share their information with the community. In the Native community setting, besides back to school supplies. You know? So it was like a--like a whole little community affair fair. [Laughter] They used to be a lot of fun, a lot of work, it was a lot of work. And I don't think that if not everybody had gotten involved we would have been able to do that. But, we didn't rely on just one person doing everything. Which is--which is really what tribal communities are all about. A lot of times, you'll get a person in there and they're the ones that want all the glory. So it's always--"Well I brought these people together, or I did this." Once you start doing that then everybody start backing away. Why should I contribute if you're not gonna give me any of the glory? [Laughs] As a result, I think that was part of the reason why we don't have a coalition any more. [Lin] Can you briefly explain the Native American Coalition? [June] Well, we were group of community organizations that wanted to help, assist, inform, and recognize our community. So, we had kind of all-encompassing type of mission statement. So, we had the Back to School program, we had graduation parties, we had New Year's Eve parties. Used to have-- a lot of communities had potlucks. Different celebrities would come in--like through colleges or whatever. We would invite them to come and say: "We would like to meet you, and would you like to come to our potluck?" And, many times they would come. We would welcome new members of the community. For example, when Jeff and Betty Davis came--We had a nice little organization. It was a lot of fun to get together. I'm sure it really put them on the spot. [Laughs] them and 10 | P a g e �their children. But you know it's just a fun getting together. [Lin] Who's Jeff and Betty Davis? [June] Jeff was the--was--on the--What do they call it? Assistant Attorney for-- Which one is it? I can't think of--Brain fart. [Lin] He's a federal attorney, I believe. [June] Yeah, but he doesn't do it any more, 'cause he has a different function now--but he was assistant attorney I think--I was gonna say he's looking at his phone. [Lin] Is he googling it? [June] Yeah. Probably. [Laughter] [Lin] And who is Betty Davis? [June] Well, at the time she was a wife, but she is now the director, I believe, of Native American Education Program. [Lin] Besides the functions of the coalition put on, what other--You said there was a lot of fun activities in Indian--In the Indian Community in Grand Rapids. What other sorts of activities existed? [June] Oh, I forgot the vet's pow wow. The coalition used to do the vet's pow wow too in November. Well we--there's the pow wows they have in the spring. That Grand Valley would put one on, and then the other one--Well it's hosted down by the Grand River Ottawa. The two pow wows. You know, once you get to the summer time you have pow wows around the state. It's not stuck just to one community. It's kind of a state-wide community. [Lin] So, what did your family do within the Native community? You and your children? [June] Well, when my son--As adults, my sons now are both attorneys, and um. Matthew is a professor at Michigan State University. He's also judge at, I don't know, six or seven different tribes. My younger son is private practicing attorney that works with tribes. So, they both work in tribal law. [Lin] You proud of them? [June] Of course-- [Lin] Mmm, I'm nosy. 11 | P a g e �[June] --and I got the greatest grandchildren. [Laughter] [Lin] You had mentioned that back-- Back in the day, like I don't know what time frame that is, but the Native community was together, and planning functions, and doing functions together. Do you see a difference in today's Native community? [June] Yes. I don't think we're as close as we used to be, and I don't know if it's because people were--people my age we all kinda clan together anyway, the baby boomers. Because we just did. Then maybe that just kinda rolled over into the community at large because there were just so many of us about the same age. So, we really enjoyed each other's company. We had the same rock stars, a lot of the same backgrounds. With-- Neither of my parents went to boarding school, but a number of our parents--our aunts and uncles, and other relatives did go to boarding schools. I think we lost a lot, well I know we lost a lot, by doing that because part of it is--a big part is the language. When I was little my grandpas took care of me, because I had no grandmothers. So, we lived in Allegan County was my grandpa Pete took care of us, and then when I lived up North it was my grandpa Ben. They spoke Ottawa and Pottawatomie to me. When I dream about them that's what they are speaking to me in my dreams, but I can't, I don't understand what they're saying. [Laughter] [Lin] My next question. [June] But the little me does. Not the adult me. [Laughter] [Lin] Have they ever shared any stories about the boarding school with you? [June] Neither my grandpas went to boarding school. My aunt went briefly to Mount Pleasant. She was one of the--I don't know. I think she's probably one of the last ones to go to the Mount Pleasant boarding school? She didn't like being away from home. So, she didn't continue--she only went one year. But my grandpa would pay to have somebody drive down--drive her down to Mount Pleasant from Kewadin. Then bring her home on holidays and weekends and stuff. My uncles-my grandpas’ brothers. Three of them went to the University of Michigan. My Uncle George is in engineer, and two of them were in law. But one just started, and then he was killed in accident. So he didn't finish. Then the other one died also, so my Uncle George is the only one that actually made it through, then he moved away. [Laughter] [Lin] Where did he move to? [June] He went into service with the government. Then I'd hear just some wonderful stories, weird stories, about him. Mostly, it sounded like he was a civil engineer. Then he went into government service, and settle down in Pennsylvania 12 | P a g e �[Lin] Okay. [June] So for when I grew up, I thought myself, my brother, and my dad were the only actually named Mamagonas left. So you kinda grew up thinking well, you know, this is it. We're the last ones with the name. Especially my brother, because my cousins-- with my aunt--all married Churches. So, their name was all Church. Then my dad's other brother had one daughter. Of course, she changed her name. Of course, I change mine too eventually. But my brother would have been the last one. Well, thanks to Facebook, we found out that George had three sons. Each one of those three sons had like three or four children. Each one of those three or four children had like five to eight children. So between Pennsylvania and Florida, we're just like talking like zillions of Mamagonas. [Laughter] [Lin] Right. [June] You know, thinking that you're the only one. Then come to find out that there is this whole group out there that all have your name. And think their Cherokee. [Lin] That's comforting. And they--they what? [June] They think they’re Cherokee. [Laughs] [Lin] Aw. [June] See what happens? You know, it goes on, and on, and on. [Lin] Right. [Lin] So growing up with you, and your family, and then your children-- Does religion play a huge part of your spirituality? [June] Well we're religious. Belonging to the United Methodist Church. My kids grew up within the church. But as you get older, you got things to do. [Laughs] So you go to churches for weddings and funerals. [Laughs] At my age is more funerals than not. [Laughs] [Lin] Aw. So back to the urban Grand Rapids area. Kind of the lifestyle and the time period. What influences do you think that the National Indian, American Indian Organization such as civil rights organizations or political organizations. I am played in the Grand Rapids. why you're in the Grand Rapids area while you were here? [June] Trying to think that far back. I would say none. 13 | P a g e �[Lin] None? [June] You know, we had-we had the Wounded Knee, and people would talk about it, but that wasn’t here. If you look--I did a presentation many years ago. Part of that was I wanted to see what kind of presence we had within the public eye. And, the only times we were mentioned in the newspaper between this fifty-year period was Wounded Knee back in what? 1889, ‘99, whenever it was, and Wounded Knee again back in the seventies. Too. There was nothing else about it. It was just like we did exist in all that time before or after. You know, Wounded--And that's not even us! [Laughter] You know there was no mention. The Anishinabek Community at all in the public eye. So when they, like when they did the dedication of the of the statue in Ah-Nab-Awen Park, everybody goes: "Oh, look! There's a statue to them!" Then, you know, it's just like people still think that you live in teepees and ride ponies. Even when I used to do presentations. I had a sixth grade I presented to. They wanted to know where my teepee was, and how many horses I had. All I says is: "All I got is a Ford [Laughter] and I live in-- I live in a ranch house right around the corner from here. They're going: "Oh!" And these were--children that--kids that--my children went to school with. [Lin] Mhm. Do you see things changing? [June] Sure. Sure, I think there's a there's a lot of changes. There's--there's some probably some backlash since there's a lot of children that are not identifiably Indian. Like I am, or like you are. My grandson is one of them. I have a grandson that's--When he lived up in Traverse City the kids would say: "You can't do this because you don't look Indian." He still remembers that! Here he is thirteen years old, and he was--Just year ago, he was tell me about that. He says: "So, does that make me not Indian?" I say: "No" [Laughs] I says: " You are an Indian as part of your- your heart, your heritage, and your history." [Lin] Yeah, it's a delicate balance between tribal citizenship-- [June] Oh, right. [Lin] It’s very divisive. [June] And, its more difficult for those who don't. I also have two other grandsons that are brothers. One's blonde hair blue-eyed, and the other is black hair brown-eye. Everybody goes: "They're brothers?" [Lin] I have a couple of nephews that way too. So, if you could summarize into one to two highlights about who you are as an urban native, what would you want to pass on to the next generation? 14 | P a g e �[June] I think that you should be true to yourself, and what you stand for--and do the best that you can do with whatever you decide to do. That's what my mother said. Is if you think you wanna go into the public eye because you want to bring out the history--then stand for that. If you want to improve the educational background a of person-- Realize that you won't always get the glory, because somebody else is always gonna be credited for what you do. That doesn't stop you from doing what you want to do. If that's what you want to do, then do it. [Lin] Very nice. Is there anything that I didn't ask that you wanted to talk about? [June] Probably education. When I went to college my focus was on business, because I didn't see myself as a teacher. I didn't see myself as an office worker, and I didn't see myself as a nurse. Which the women in my family were nurses. My mother, my aunts, my cousins. I got a lot of nurses there. I also had some teachers. I think my family--I have 51 first cousins, and out of all those first cousins every single one of them is graduated from high school. That was-- that's one thing that is always been real prominent. Not only my family, but in my dad's fami--My mom's family--But my dad's family too. I think that that was part of my promotion for actually getting where I am at. Because, like I said, it wasn't my first focus. Business was the area that I found most interesting. My mother was always the one that said you gotta be educated. Which her father told her. You gotta be educated so that you can support your children, because that's always your number one priority. Your number two priority is your family. So, you got your child, and you got your family. Then you have your community. I think those are probably some of the things that kinda guided me as a made my decisions through the--through the degrees that have gone through. I think having both sides of my family be educated in one way, shape, or form, has helped kind of support me in that area. I think overall my family at large has been real supportive of us getting our education. 'Cause I'm not the only one who's educated my family with the higher education. As a matter fact, one of my cousins just got his doctorate. So, I'm gonna have a party on the thirtieth. [Lin] In what? [June] You know, I think it's philosophy. [Laughter] [June] Isn't that what PhD's are all about? [Laughs] [Lin] I don't know. I don't think I'll find out. [June] I know. [Lin] Never say never, right? 15 | P a g e �[June] Mhm. [Lin] Levi had sent me a couple of questions. [June] Oh, I wanted to say too, I was one of the first King Chavez Park Scholars. KCP [Lin] Oh. [June] Myself and a guy up north. We graduated the same year. [Lin] And that was a high school scholarship? [June] No. It was a graduate fellowship. [Lin] Nice. [June] That we both got. We both happened to finish at the same time. So, can't say we were first. [Laughs] [Lin] So knowing now--If you knew now--If you knew back then what you know now, would you continue? Would you have gotten an MBA? Or, would you have gone into something different? [June] No, I think I would have stayed with what I went, because that's what I find most interesting. [Lin] Business? [June] Mhm. I like to tell people what to do. [Lin] I like to do that too. [June] I know! [Lin] We're so good at it! [June] Bossy Odawa women. [Laughter] [Lin] I think that's all I have. [June] Okay [Lin] So. 16 | P a g e �[June] Well, thank you for inviting me. Thank you for sharing and asking. [Lin] Thank you for your participating in this project. I appreciate everything that you've done and will do for the community. [June] It's nice to be noticed once in a while. [Laughter] okay 17 | P a g e � https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0a16ce6b5e2dbd7ca90a0dce0457e945.mp3 db129eeaf846cdfca27c38088e6a8fac Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Interviews Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Native American Advisory Council Grand Valley State University. Kustche Office of Local History Description An account of the resource Interviews with members of Grand Rapids' urban Native American population collected as part of the Gi-gikinomaage-min Project: Defend Our History, Unlock Your Spirit. Translated from Anishinaabemowin, the original language of this area, Gi-gikinomaage-min means "We are all teachers." This is the name our project team choose to convey to the Native American community that through our stories and experiences, we are all teachers to someone. As we share those stories, we are allowing for our next generations to experience the past. Grand Rapids’ Native American community grew dramatically in the last half of the 20th century as a result of a little-known federal program that still impacts American Indian lives today. Called the Urban Relocation Program, it created one of the largest mass movements of Indians in American history. The full scope of this massive social experiment and its impact on multiple generations of Native Americans remains largely undocumented and unexplored. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015/2016 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Gi-gikinomaage-min Project Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America Indians of North America--Michigan Indians of North America--Education Potawatomi Indians Bode'wadmi Ojibwa Indians Anishinaabe Navajo Indians Dine'e Cherokee Indians Tsagali Aniyunwiya Archaeology Mound-builders Hopewellian culture Indian arts--North America Personal narrativse Grand Rapids (Mich.) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-10 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 video/mp4 application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Moving Image Text Language A language of the resource eng Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-10_Fletcher_June_Mamagona_0416 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Fletcher, June Mamagona Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-04-06 Title A name given to the resource June Mamagona Fletcher interview (audio and transcript) Description An account of the resource June Mamagona Fletcher is a member of the Match-E-Be-Nash-She-Wish Band of Pottawatomi Indians (Gun Lake). She was born in Detroit, Michigan and has lived in Dorr and Grand Rapids, Michigan. She holds an MBA from Grand Valley State Unviersity as well as degrees from Western Michigan University and Grand Rapids Community College. In this interview, she discusses her family history, education, and the Native American community in Grand Rapids. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bardwell, Belinda (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Potawatomi Indians Bode'wadmi Personal narratives Grand Rapids (Mich.) Indians of North America Indians of North America--Michigan Indians of North America--Education Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Gi-gikinomaage-min Project Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b24f9329946a800bfb20ce59d7f2be8f.pdf c287b693d489e86a108a0bcd3f824d05 PDF Text Text Native American Oral Histories Gi-gikinomaage-min Project Interview: Jeff Chivis Interviewer: Belinda Bardwell Date: October 10, 2016 [Lin] Okay so I am recording an interview with Jeff Chivis. My name is Lin Bardwell. The date is 10/10/16. Jeff can you tell us a little bit about yourself? [Jeff] Yeah, I am a professor at Grand Valley State University. I finished my dissertation at Michigan State University and I studied the Middle Woodland communities of West Michigan, Northwest Indiana, and Norton Mounds is one of the sites that was part of my dissertation research. [Lin] So the purpose of this interview too, is to help with us writing an article connecting or disconnecting the community, currently here historically, um, in the Grand Rapids area to those of the Norton Mounds. Is there - what is the full argument for the disconnect between them and us and is there a scientific proof that does connect us to those of the Norton Mounds? [Jeff] Well first off I wouldn't say that there's a disconnect. Perhaps. I think the better way to look at is that there's no way to clearly state that those people were the ancestors of people, Native people, living in Michigan now. And more specifically tribes of today. So Potawatami, Ojibwa, Odawa peoples. Those, the people who lived in Norton Mounds could have been related not only to us but other tribes in the Midwest and, you know, elsewhere. So the issue is trying to draw a cultural link from artifacts that were created, you know, two thousand years ago and applying those links to modern day people and that's where the issue is. We can't determine archaeologically whether or not those people with the ancestors of a specific tribe in this area. [Lin] Okay. Why do you say two thousand years? [Jeff] That's the day of the Norton Mounds. It dates to about 10 B.C. so we're looking about two thousand years ago. [Lin] Okay, how does the Mounds get the name Norton? [Jeff] I believe it was one of the land owners who own the property when it was first excavated. [Lin] So I know they're also connected to the Hopewellian people. Where does that name come from? �[Jeff] [Lin] Uh, the Hopewell site in Ohio. Essentially that um, it's a time period where there's a vast trade network in all of Eastern North America including the construction of burial mounds. Some of the more elaborate types of artifacts that we see that are included in those mounds. So, yeah, it comes from the Hopewell site. The type site for the Hopewell time period. So the Hopewell time period. Where did - I read somewhere that came from that original land owner, his last name. [Jeff] Hopewell. [Lin] Hopewell. Okay. Is there another term that could be associated with this, Hopewellian name? [Jeff] There a lot of local expressions throughout the Eastern United States that they're also known by. We have the Norton tradition, the Converse tradition here in Michigan. We have, you know, other traditions around you know Eastern United States, but they're all essentially hope Hopewell people having Hopewell characteristics of burial mounds and sort of long-distance trade networks. [Lin] Are there other mounds that may not exist anymore, or still exist that are connected also with the Norton Mounds and the Hopewellian Mounds of Ohio? Is that what you said, Ohio? [Jeff] Yep, Ohio and Illinois. Culturally the people in West Michigan here in Norton Mounds were more closely related, based on cultural similarities and artifacts, they are most closely related to those people in Illinois and Indiana [Lin] Okay. [Jeff] It's only later on that we see the strong influence from Ohio. [Lin] Okay. Um, so. You are a native person, correct? [Jeff] Yes. Yes. [Lin] Do you have a tribal affiliation? [Jeff] Yes, Nottawaseppi Huron Band of Potawatomi. [Lin] And you are a native archaeologist. In your studies, do you feel that there's a difference between native and non-native archaeologist when looking at and studying the Norton Mounds or the mounds? �[Jeff] [Lin] That's a tough question. I think native archaeologists have a stronger connection to to the mounds, of course, because of our history. But I think sometimes nonnative archaeologists could not really consider strongly enough the opinions of native people and native archaeologists. What is important to you about the mounds? [Jeff] Well I think it really is proof of a long history of our people in this region, and I think it can be a really important teaching site. The place, it's still place that's used by modern Native American people for prayer. So I think it's, and considering that it's one of the few remaining mounds sites in West Michigan still that date to that time period, it's really important. [Lin] Why do you think history wants to separate them, as people, connected to us, as current citizens? [Jeff] I think part of the problem has to do with the dichotomy of, you know, the very words history versus pre-history. History, basically according to that structure begins with the arrival of Christopher Columbus and everything thereafter. Whereas the word pre-history sort of, almost relegated to something less than the history itself. So, I think that's really a problem, that you see it in the literature, and even in academia where archaeologists are talking pre-history versus history. But I think that's one of the main issues that's should get rectified eventually. [Lin] What impact do you think it has on native people today, when our, when the native people's communities before Christopher Columbus, is considered prehistory? [Jeff] Well I think, I think it's insulting for one. And I think more contemporary scholarship basically has attempted to do away with that term. And instead, we use the term pre-Columbian, and we don't even use pre-history any more. [Lin] Okay. Anything else you'd like to add about the Norton Mounds that I didn't ask you? [Jeff] No, not really. [Lin] So you said the mounds are created, or have been dated, back to two thousand those of the Norton Mounds in Grand Rapids, correct? [Jeff] Two thousand years ago. Yes, 10 B.C. [Lin] And how are those mounds created? �[Jeff] Well basically using different types of dirt, and successively building different layers to create the mound. In the middle there's sort of a central crypt area, and here I'll show ya. [papers rustling] So this the plan view, or the profile of, a mound. Essentially most of the mounds in Michigan were buried this way just like in Illinois and Indiana. In Ohio and they're different. So, anyway you have different types of gravel and different types of dirt and so they're used to build up. You have a ramp here. The barrows would have been in the central crypt area as well as most of the other artifacts. Sometimes barrows were included in the ramp area as well. [Lin] So how did we, how did we figure this out? How do you know that this is the cut through, slice through, of the mound? [Jeff] Because the University of Michigan conducted those excavations and they essentially dug trenches in the middle of those mounds. So, you can see the stratigraphy, or different layers, successive layers that accumulated. So that's where those drawings are coming from, from those excavations. [Lin] How does that make you feel as an archaeologist? [Jeff] Well, it's certainly something that wouldn't be practice today. Especially in Michigan here. I think archaeologists are well aware that, you know, digging into burial mounds is no longer fashionable or acceptable. But back then, it certainly was. And that's, unfortunately that happened, but we are able to gain some information that we otherwise would not have had. [Lin] Right, it's a delicate balance between wanting to know, and wanting to be respectful. [Jeff] That's right. [Lin] How does that make you feel, as Anishinaabe? [Jeff] I, I really don't. Like I said, the political, I mean politically it was entirely different back then, in the sixties and fifties. So I don't really hold anything against those individuals really. [Lin] How many - [Jeff] Like I said it's nothing that would be done today. [Lin] Right. How many mounds do you think we've lost? Is there a way to tell? �[Jeff] Well almost all of them. Like I said, Norton Mounds is one of the few, if not the only, mounds that are still standing today. There are some in Muskegon River Valley near Newaygo. There's a couple other smaller sites. All the most important burial mounds, they've been bulldozed, either for building cities or looters came and essentially destroyed them. [Lin] Right. Is it the Norton Mounds that were first excavated or started to be dug into in the eighteen hundreds? [Jeff] Yep, by looters. Yeah. [Lin] Okay. [Jeff] And, but that that was common everywhere for all the mounds in the area. [Lin] Does Grand Valley State University have any other holdings in their collections? [Jeff] No. [Lin] No. they've all been - [Jeff] Everything's been repatriated or dispositioned - [Lin] dispositioned? [Jeff] back to the tribes. [Lin] What about other universities, such as Michigan State, U. of M.? [Jeff] Related to Norton Mounds? [Lin] No, funeral, you know, funerary. [Jeff] I believe most of the universities in Michigan have returned those back to the to the tribes. There are universities in Indiana, Illinois, and Ohio especially, where they needs to be a lot more work done. They have many artifacts and even our ancestors still. [Lin] Okay. Alright. Anything else? Alright. Thanks Jeff � https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c46a8097dbf1e7695d08f91bc8097d58.mp3 5745b8be373ccb81f1c8a9f9ccaded08 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gi-gikinomaage-min Interviews Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grand Valley State University. Native American Advisory Council Grand Valley State University. Kustche Office of Local History Description An account of the resource Interviews with members of Grand Rapids' urban Native American population collected as part of the Gi-gikinomaage-min Project: Defend Our History, Unlock Your Spirit. Translated from Anishinaabemowin, the original language of this area, Gi-gikinomaage-min means "We are all teachers." This is the name our project team choose to convey to the Native American community that through our stories and experiences, we are all teachers to someone. As we share those stories, we are allowing for our next generations to experience the past. Grand Rapids’ Native American community grew dramatically in the last half of the 20th century as a result of a little-known federal program that still impacts American Indian lives today. Called the Urban Relocation Program, it created one of the largest mass movements of Indians in American history. The full scope of this massive social experiment and its impact on multiple generations of Native Americans remains largely undocumented and unexplored. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015/2016 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Gi-gikinomaage-min Project Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource Indians of North America Indians of North America--Michigan Indians of North America--Education Potawatomi Indians Bode'wadmi Ojibwa Indians Anishinaabe Navajo Indians Dine'e Cherokee Indians Tsagali Aniyunwiya Archaeology Mound-builders Hopewellian culture Indian arts--North America Personal narrativse Grand Rapids (Mich.) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-10 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 video/mp4 application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Moving Image Text Language A language of the resource eng Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-10_Chivas_Jeffrey Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Chivis, Jeffrey Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-10-10 Title A name given to the resource Jeffrey Chivis interview (audio and transcript) Description An account of the resource Jeffrey Chivis is a member of the Nottawaseppi Huron Band of the Potawatomi, and is originally from Grand Rapids, Michigan. Chivis graduated with a bachelor’s degree in Anthropology from Grand Valley State University (GVSU), and obtained his master’s degree and Ph.D. in Anthropology from Michigan State University (MSU). He is a professional archaeologist with a focus on historic preservation and the pre-Columbian archaeology of the Eastern United States. Previously, Chivis worked as a professor at MSU, GVSU, and Grand Rapids Community College, teaching courses on the diversity of Native American societies in North America and contemporary issues affecting Native American people. Dr. Chivis also previously worked for NHBP, creating its Cultural and Historic Preservation Office, Tribal Historic Preservation Office, and repatriation program. In this interview, Chivis discusses Native archeological sites in the Midwest and in Michigan. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bardwell, Belinda (Interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Potawatomi Indians Bode'wadmi Personal narratives Grand Rapids (Mich.) Archaeology Mound-builders Hopewellian culture Indians of North America Indians of North America--Michigan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Gi-gikinomaage-min Project Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/b40c239e437e675b6583b1cf04ac05da.pdf 74e0d5e5d7ce3fab7f1efce7005146a8 PDF Text Text Living with PFAS Interviewer: Danielle DeVasto Interviewee: Tom Sapkowski Date of Interview: 9/2/2021 Danielle DeVasto: I'm Dani DeVasto, and today, September 2, 2021, I have the pleasure of chatting with Tom Sapkowski. Hi, Tom. Tom Sapkowski: Hello. Danielle DeVasto: Tom, can you tell me about where you're from and where you currently live? Tom Sapkowski: Rapids, Michigan. I grew up on the west side of Grand Rapids, but I currently live in Belmont, and that's been for the past 27, 28 years, uh, I've lived in this area at this location. Danielle DeVasto: All right. Tom, can you tell me a story about your experience with PFAS or with PFAS in your community? Tom Sapkowski: Sure. Um, I believe my family came here __________ 00:00:44 back in __________ 00:00:46 probably late in the summer. I know there was some, uh, media coverage regarding, um, contamination of water in our area. Um, __________ 00:01:00 made the executive __________ 00:01:02 our well tested, um, but __________ 00:01:06 it was in October of 2017. And it's odd that—I ordered the tests from a-a place called Accurate Environmental, and, uh, because there's only, uh, maybe like a dozen, um, labs in the country that were able to test for PFAS down to a-a very, uh, __________ 00:01:27 or why I decided to expand the test area so we were going to be tested by a place called Rose & Westra. That's the test facility that they used. So, um, I was actually, I was a day early on the testing, but the good news about that is, um, our test results were matched against Rose & Westra's test results, you know, for accuracy by two different labs so we were basically checking the checker. Um, it did cost me __________ 00:02:03 which I think it was just over $600 to have it done. So that didn't make me very happy, but, um, I realized it was something that, uh, that certainly needed to be done and, um, the results were similar. Our long story short is our well, uh, which was put in in 1985, um, before, we were not the original owners of the house. But, uh, our well tested, uh, at a non-detect level. A level below, uh, five parts per trillion. Um, __________ 00:02:42 a neighbor's, just across the street, and, um, their well tested __________ 00:02:50, and I think then again __________ 00:02:54 not ridiculously though, so __________ 00:03:00 we remain on the edge of __________ 00:03:04 and, uh— Danielle DeVasto: Whoop, Tom, you cut out there for a second. Tom Sapkowski: Oh, I'm sorry. Sorry about that. Um, we had a third test done just recently by the Department of Health and Human Services. And once again, our water and the __________ 00:03:25 for PFAS, um, but there are like, I don't know, there's probably 18 different types of PFAS, uh, compounds, um, so, um, like I said, our-our well has tested __________ 00:03:45, but it didn't test, uh, positive for PFAS, even though we're very, very close to the, uh, the area that is contaminated. Um, um, I'm, my house is roughly a mile-and-a-quarter, a mile-and-a-half from the House Street dump where Wolverine, um, put the lion's share of their, uh, leather scraps that are contaminated with, uh, with Scotchgard, which was the 3M, um, name for, uh, their water repellent. So, um, I hope, I'm sorry, I hope that answers your question. Danielle DeVasto: Yeah, um— Page 1 �Tom Sapkowski: Oh, it does? Danielle DeVasto: —it does. So, I mean it, so it sounds like you've-you've had extensive testing done, um, with relatively good results. Tom Sapkowski: Yeah, and I don't know, I mean extensive as far as how accurately they're able to detect, um, __________ 00:04:43, but, um, __________ 00:04:47 our third test is only 21 so it's been a lot of __________ 00:04:55 I've been __________ 00:04:57 bringing to continue to test because when I was, when you're that close to contaminated well, you never know, and maybe no, it may test positive or negative today, and positive tomorrow. So, you just don't know what's going on in the aquifer. Um, we can make various assumptions about what's going on, uh, geologically under-under our home. Uh, our well and our neighbor's well are roughly on the same plane. They're around a hundred-and-twenty feet deep. Um, so you would think that we would be drinking the same water, but, uh, according to some geologists that I've spoke with, uh, they think we might be on something called a perch aquifer. So, um, and there's a lot of clay in our area, which, um, is not, uh, you know, it is impervious to-to the water so that may be why our well tests clean at this point. Danielle DeVasto: Sounds like you've, um, become quite an expert on aquifers and all manner of things. [LAUGHTER] Tom Sapkowski: A little bit, a little bit. I mean, uh, geology was my science in college, which, uh, a lot of people don't, they-they-they call it rocks for jocks. Have you ever heard that? Danielle DeVasto: Yes. [LAUGHTER] Tom Sapkowski: That's what the ath—that's where the athletes go because they don't want to do physics and chemistry. But, um, I really like geology so that was my science. Danielle DeVasto: So-so what is next for you guys? Tom Sapkowski: Well, we're obviously concerned __________ 00:06:38, and, um, we're involved in two different, uh, health studies where three of us in-in my family have had, um, blood taken, and, uh, we've gotten results back. Um, my wife and I test low in variou—in certain, uh, compounds of PFAS and __________ 00:06:59, but we're very, very high in, in a, in a select few. Um, __________ 00:07:07 were, uh, able, uh, to __________ 00:07:09 health outcomes because, uh, people around House Street, the-the actual dump __________ 00:07:15, um, there's is what we __________ 00:07:19 around there that they've been, it must've been pretty high level, um, for the past however many years that they've been dumping. I think back in the early 1950s, um, you know, you have been trying to __________ 00:07:36 to figure out how-how long it took that compound to get into the aquifer so. Um, but, yeah, there's, uh, there's been a number of deaths that have been linked to the contamination. And, um, and, you know, and people who are alive that, uh, have health concerns, um, because of this. So, our main, our main concern in the family is that, you know, are there, are there gonna be any negative health problems, kidney problems, pancreas problems, can—um, and so far there haven't so we've been very fortunate. I have two children. Um, currently, my daughter is 20, and my son is 27. They've been drinking, um, our well water __________ 00:08:19 for their entire lives. So, even when my wife was pregnant with, uh, with Page 2 �them, too. So, if, um, if anything, they-they should be, uh, good test subjects for the __________ 00:08:37, so. But, um, like I said, things, so far, things, um, we're in relatively good health. Um, I have some kidney issues, but they may or may not __________ 00:08:52. Um, you know, it's very, it's-it's, it would be difficult to-to prove that at this point. Um, I've been a mechanic my whole life so I've been around a lot of, uh, industrial solvents and things like that, so that may have something to do with it as well. But, uh, but that's our main concern and basically concern for others. And, uh, it's a unique situation in that the simple part is Wolverine has, uh, you know, openly admitted to dumping what they dumped at House Street. And, um, it's, you know, it's sort of a smoking gun as far as what's been, what's been done. Um, you think they-they knew it was, uh, a hazardous chemical, uh, even early on 'cause of its nature. Um, it's a synthetic compound and it really doesn't break down, uh, very easily. That's-that's probably why it's effective as a water repellent. But, um, you know, when they make, uh, conscious decisions to keep dumping, and keep __________ 00:10:12 them, um, I believe they're very culpable. And, um, I don't, uh, I'm not a litigious person by nature, but, uh, I really feel like, uh, they need to be held responsible. Andand they have stepped up and done various things. Like, right now we're getting municipal water, but oddly enough, um, the Plainfield Township municipal water, um, has like eight to 12 parts per trillion of PFAS in it because their wells are in this area. They pump, they pump, uh, you know, the big, their big wells that are supply-supply wells are-are around here. Uh, they've been searching for cleaner wells and haven't been able to find any. Um, there's a whole group of people that would like, uh, the township to start using Grand Rapids' city water, which is from Lake Michigan, um, and the township hasn't-hasn't done that yet. Uh, but they have purchased a very expensive carbon filtration system, which does filter the PFAS out of the water, but it's, um, it's expensive to have and expensive to maintain, um, and it just makes me wonder how long they're going to, uh, they're gonna, you know, try to, um, you know, make lemonade out of lemons, so to speak. [LAUGHTER] Um, so it's-it's very, and, you know, it's just very concerning. Um, the-the township used to not have a lot of, uh, say over what happened with your, with a person's well water in our area, um, it was up to the health department. If you wanted to get a well permit, you went to the health department and they—but now all of a sudden there's some type of unholy relationship between the health department and the, uh, and the township. And the township is now, uh, they're, the township is saying that because we're getting municipal water, which is a blessing and a curse, um, like I said, it's-it's dirtier water than what I'm actually drinking, um, even though it's filtered, um, but now I have a water bill obviously, or will have a water bill. [LAUGHTER] So, and-and I was pumping, you know, free water for the longest time. Um, what I was getting at before is that the township is requiring households to give up their wells or they're gonna to have to cap your well so that you may not use it. Uh, apparently they don't want the possibility of pumping the PFAS out of the ground, and then into the, you know, um, you know, the-the __________ 00:12:58, uh, that live in the area and people. So they just don't want anybody drinking it, even though I've tested clean, um, which-which proposes a problem for me. I, we-we have a-a property we'd like to be able to __________ 00:13:13 the lot, and I'd hate to have to pay for municipal water just to irrigate. And then I have a 30,000-gallon swimming pool, so, I don't Page 3 �wanna have to fill my pool with, uh, water that I have to pay for either. So that proposes a, um, a problem, as well. So, I'm trying to get the township, I'm actively trying to get the township to give me a-a-a waiver to, uh, keep my well. And I'm aware of people, two houses on Belmont Road, uh, were able to keep their well, but I don't know the reasons why. Um, one of my neighbor's was able to keep his well because he has a geothermal heat, so they pump the water out of the ground and then back into the ground, type thing. I-I'm sure you know how that-that works. But, uh, he'll be able to keep his well also. So, um, this is a, this is a-a battle that I'm not looking forward to, but, uh, but I think, I think it'll have a good outcome. I don't know. Danielle DeVasto: Yeah. Well, you might have touched on this a little bit, but, uh, maybe you can expand. Um, what concerns do you have, if any, about PFAS contamination moving forward? Tom Sapkowski: Um, well my concerns are generally health-related, um, maybe not so much about myself and my wife, but certainly my kids, you know. You would hate to think that you fed your kids poison for the past 20 years. Do you know what I mean? So, um, and I don't know if our well had been contaminated previously and has since, um, you know, the aquifer's moving all the time so you don't know if it was really high at one point in our lives and then got better. Um, but it's-it's doubtful, but I guess it's in the realm of possibility. So, so health concerns are my, our major, our major concern. Um, I don't know. Going forward, I would hope that Wolverine is held accountable for people whose-whose deaths have been caused by-by PFAS or health problems. I'd like to see, um, more of that take place. Um, I don't want to be one of those people that think that they should be sued into oblivion. You know what I mean? Because once they quit making shoes and making money, the, you know, the-the well will have long run dry [LAUGHTER], uh, to use a poor metaphor. Um, they may as well continue to stay in business and sell shoes. But in-in my view, um, to really be fair and equitable, __________ 00:16:05 they should be, um, like a for profit company, I think the money they make should be, uh, put in to trying to make up, you know, pay restitution to people who've suffered from their, uh, contamination. And probably, um, the people that is closest to the dump site are the ones who really, um, got the most, have had the most problems. So, um, I don't, I don't worry every day that I'm going to die of something that's related to PFAS, but, um, you know, as time goes on we are, we are involved in, like I said, uh, several different health studies, and I just got a letter in the mail to be involved in a third health study, which I will probably sign up for. But, um, as time goes on, we just seem to learn more and more and more about the effects. So, um, I guess knowledge is power type thing. Um, Wolverine has paid restitution to, um, at least one family that I'm aware of. But, um, again, there's like a nondisclosure agreement, so they don't talk about it very much. But it's good to know that, uh, um, they do assume some culpability. Um, there are various neighborhoods around here, like Boulder Creek, where they like to use, they-they meaning being, uh, Wolverine, they wanna use the excuse, "Well, we weren't the only ones who dumped." You know? And I, and I sort of get that. In the Boulder Creek area, they weren't the only ones who dumped. I believe there was a brass manufacturing firm that also dumped contaminants in that area. But, um, I'm-I'm, like I said before, House Street dump is pretty much a smoking gun. It's all their, all their contamination so. Um, on Page 4 �my, when it comes to my, another concern is that this continues as far as, uh, the public interest. I know they're, um, they're, you know, they're, we're learning more and more and more about PFAS and, uh, you know, firefighting chemicals around military bases and things like that that have contaminated, uh, various areas, so, um, you know, we're finding out more all the time, and, uh, I don't know, hopefully this can be rectified. But, you know, once the contamination's in the aquifer, uh, it'll require another Ice Age [LAUGHTER] because peo—I have been to public meetings where people say, "Well, what's it gonna take to remove the contaminants?" And it's like, really? You, it's, you know, in your, you can't imagine what, you know, what it would require to try and get, uh, that level of contamination out of the aquifer. One the genie's out of the bottle, there's, you know, there's no putting it back in so. Danielle DeVasto: Yeah, it does seem like the more we learn, the bigger the problem gets, the more complicated. Tom Sapkowski: Yeah, I'm very disheartened to-to realize that, uh, Wolverine at the House Street dump, in particular because that's the one of the most affects us, um, they as-as their-their Band-Aid to put on that problem was to, uh, use, um—what do they call it? Uh, some type of environmental remediation where, uh, they-they wanted the trees to soak up the contamination, and then, um, you know, that it would, it would lessen, it would lessen the contaminants in the soil. Where, um, to me, you know, from a geologic __________ 00:19:47 it's-it's sort of like a, it's sort of like a coffee filter where the-the most highest concentrations of the contamination are at surface level, and I don't believe they've done enough to remove the super, um, concentrated areas —do you know what I mean?—by lining it and burning it, handling it, then they dump it. It is lined with clay or something. But, so the, so the, what, the percolation effect is going on today, you know, and it's been going on and been going on, so, that's ongoing. And, um, their solutions for the, they, who they really, they-they wanna take a very, uh, minimalistic approach to repairing that, uh, or remediating that contamination. That's-that's really sad. I-I would've hoped they would have really, um, taken the ball and run with it, and used this as kind of, uh, an example of how, uh, environmentally conscious they could be. I think they would get the public on their side if they said, "Hey, we screwed up, but we're really gonna fix it," instead of these really minor Band-Aid solutions that they've come up with. And we still haven't even begun. Um, so Wolverine would currently like to just leave these, um, and put some caps in place so that it minimizes the percolation effect from rain and whatnot, but, um, again, it's just a, it's just a metaphoric Band-Aid. You know? Danielle DeVasto: Yeah, and you'd like to see them do something different? Tom Sapkowski: Well, yeah, really do something more. There are, there are ways to, uh, remediate this contamination, um, and I know I believe—[CLEARS THROAT] excuse me—Michigan State University is working on various ways to, um, break the PFAS bonds, um, but I believe it requires temperatures as high as like 2800 degrees before it, uh, before it breaks down. So, to me that would mean, um, dredging up the soil, running it, uh, through some type of, uh, an incineration, and then, uh, putting it back. Uh, I envisioned something on site, you know, where they could have, um, a dredge that would pull it up, run it through, uh, a big incinerator. I know they-they use these huge incinerators to make, um, cement. They've Page 5 �been using them for-for years and years and years, so I know that they're there. This technology exists, they just don't want to, uh, go that route. Um, I was involved quite a number of years ago in, um, a gentleman who made a portable tire grinder, and it was to grind up, um, used tires. And it was portable, it could be moved from tire pile to tire pile. And, uh, it was a pretty complex piece of machinery because of what they had to do to separate the, uh, rubber from the steel cords. But, um, I know if they can do that, they can certainly, um, you know, dredge up these really high areas of concentration. But it's-it has fallen on deaf ears for the past, you know, uh, four years that I've been involved. They don't wanna hear it. It's funny, you know, people on the, on the CAG, the Community Advisory Group, they don't want to hear it either, and it's, it's, and I don't really think it's that complicated. Um, it certainly seems more cost efficient to me to do that than, uh, truck it out of state, which is what they did with a lot of the material from the, uh, the tannery downtown-downtown Rockford. They just trucked it out of state. Um, so I don't know. Danielle DeVasto: Yeah, yeah. Well, before we wrap up, is there anything that you want to go back to and touch on more, or anything that you didn't, um, get to bring up that you'd like to make sure you bring up? Tom Sapkowski: Probably not. I think I hit all the bases, but I'm sure after we're done with this phone call I will have thought [LAUGHTER] of something. But, um, you know, mainly it's, uh, the-the health issues and, um, the lack of, uh, concern by Wolverine when it comes to removing the contamination, um, I-I'd just like to see more done. And, like I said, we're learning more and more about the health effects every day so, um, you know, my heart goes out to people who've, uh, who've, uh, drank heavily contaminated water. So, I'm going at it from a lot of different angles, uh, as far, you know, including, um, essentially being forced to go onto municipal water, which I'm not against. Of course I'm against having a dumb water bill, but, uh, [LAUGHTER] it does not include sewer obviously either, so you have to keep your, um, you know, your septic. But, um, I'm really hoping right now that what I'm fighting is to keep my well just for irrigation, and just to fill my pool. So, that would be very, very helpful if I could have those things. So— Danielle DeVasto: Well, I wish— Tom Sapkowski: I hope my— Danielle DeVasto: —I wish you luck in those upcoming battles. [LAUGHTER] Tom Sapkowski: —I hope my-my, uh, issues aren't too trivial, but, um, I know there's people that have real concerns, so I'll continue to be a member of the Community Advisory Group as long as they'll have me. And, um, I have mixed feelings about being on that because if you talk with some people on the CAG, they think that we've been very instrumental in all of these things that have been done, um, by Wolverine and others, um, but I really don't see it. I'm sort of a hands on guy, so, um, I would just like to be able to see more done rather than just a, they-they tend to pat themselves on the back for things that, um, that, uh, we have not really been directly involved in. So, you know, it-it is sad because, uh, we have monthly meetings and, um, you know, to try to keep the community, um, aware of what's going on, and it, and it's been sad because there's just often little participation, um, just by a select few. And the select few who, uh, who participate are often, uh, really, um, sort of how I feel, they, um, they're concerned about Page 6 �contamination, but, um, they go off on-on crazy, um, you know, basic rabbit holes. They go down these rabbit holes that, uh, they're just, uh, __________ 00:06:58, and, um, I don't know. It's it, I would like to think, you know, work towards at least improving our situation. Um, I know it can probably never be rectified save for the next Ice Age, but, uh, [LAUGHTER] but, um, I think, you know, I try, I'm trying to be positive and, um, hope that, you know, make incremental improvements so that's about it. Danielle DeVasto: Okay, all right, well, thank you, Tom, for taking the time to share your story today. Tom Sapkowski: You're welcome. Thank you for-for, uh, for doing this. Danielle DeVasto Tid: 537-2 Page 7 � https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/d9586034ef687a8f4542d4e5066e3440.MP3 fc479f20720fee5873f2b2ec0abdbbc2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Living with PFAS Interviews Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Devasto, Danielle Description An account of the resource Beginning in 2021, the Living with PFAS interviews were recorded to gather the personal stories of individuals impacted by PFAS contamination. PFAS, or per- and polyflourinated substances, are a large group of human-made chemicals used widely since the 1940s to make coatings and products resistant to heat, oil, stains, grease, and water. They can be found in countless household items, including food packaging, non-stick cookware, stain-resistant furniture, and water-resistant clothing. These chemicals are often called “forever chemicals” because they do not break down easily, can move through soils and contaminate drinking water sources, and build up in animals, plants, and people. PFAS have been linked to increased incidences of various cancers, increased cholesterol, decreased fertility, birth defects, kidney and liver disease, and immune system suppression, and thyroid dysfunction. It is estimated that PFAS are in the drinking water of more than 200 million Americans (Andrews & Naidenko, 2020). In Michigan alone, over 280 sites have PFAS contamination exceeding maximum contamination levels for groundwater (MPART, 2024). Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Living with PFAS (project) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In copyright Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Personal narrative PFAs (Perfluorinated chemicals) Groundwater--Pollution Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-11 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf audio/mp3 Type The nature or genre of the resource Motion Picture Text Sound Language A language of the resource eng Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PFAS0026 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Sapkowski, Tom Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021-09-02 Title A name given to the resource Tom Sapkowski, 2021 (Interview audio and transcript) Description An account of the resource Tom Sapkowski grew up on the west side of Grand Rapids, Michigan and currently lives in nearby Belmont. After learning of PFAS contamination through the media, Tom paid to have his well water tested. It was found to have low levels. However, his municipality is requiring households to give up their wells and he is actively trying to keep his. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource DeVasto, Danielle (interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Personal narrative PFAs (Perfluorinated chemicals) Groundwater--Pollution Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Living with PFAS (project) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/c4f583dde9c54a86cd406912b007ac79.pdf a7cd58b0ca5570f02e0e15a6c38210e9 PDF Text Text Living with PFAS Interviewee: Sue and Scott Mark Interviewer: Danielle DeVasto Date: September 30, 2021 Danielle DeVasto: I'm Dani DeVasto, and today, September 30, 2021, I have the pleasure of chatting with Sue and Scott Mark. Hi, Sue. Hi, Scott. Sue Mark: Hi, Dani. Scott Mark: Hi. Danielle DeVasto: Um, Sue and Scott, can you tell me about where you're from and where you currently live? Sue Mark: Um, I will start. Um, I was born and raised in Kalamazoo, but my husband and I now live in South Haven. We've lived here for 15 years [CLEARS THROAT], so we've been away from Kalamazoo for quite a while. But I used to work, um, the last job I had in Kalamazoo was at a doctor's office, at 1127 South Park Street, which is, um, by the Crosstown Ponds, and there were, the ponds were behind the office building. This building was built in 1986, and I started there in 1991. Um, I don't know if any of this is related to PFAS, but I'm going to share my story just in case it is. Um, when I started there, we would make coffee with tap water, and, um, we didn't get bottled water until probably, I would say, five to eight years after I started there. It was not something we had on a—early on when I was there. [CLEARS THROAT] I worked in the office for 15 years. We had two physicians that were employed there, and 14 ancillary staff, which really is not a very large office in today's terms. Um, there were a number of people that had cancer in that office. Um, I can tell you that there were four people with breast cancer. There was one person with lymphoma. There was one that had multiple myeloma. But, what I'm focusing on right now is the diagnosis that I have. Um, I was diagnosed last year with pancreatic cancer. And what's significant about this is the fact that I am the fourth person from that office with pancreatic cancer, and I am the only one still living. The last person that was diagnosed with it died this past March. So, there are four of us with that diagnosis, and I realize pancreatic cancer is out there, and there's a number of people with it, but my feeling as a nurse is that there is far more breast cancer than there is pancreatic cancer, and to have four of us in one office with pancreatic cancer, there's something suspicious about this. Um, the ponds would frequently overflow when there was heavy rain. Um, it was a lowland, and it would come up into the parking lot, and we'd have to walk through it sometimes to get into the building. Um, and there's a lot that ran off those roads. When you think about oil and rubber, or asbestos, uh, rustproofing, all that. And that would all drain into these ponds. In the time that I worked there, there were two vehicles removed from those ponds. Not at the same time, but somebody dumped the car in there even. Um, there were lots of goop and bird feces. Um, just all kinds of debris in there. I-I never even wanted to go near those ponds. But, to have four of us with pancreatic cancer threw up a red flag for me, and I honestly believe that that's where my diagnosis came from. It has something to do with that office. Um, I've been a very healthy person. I have not had to take hardly any medication. I just took vitamins and supplements. I was active. I exercised. I ate a very healthy diet, and I had a normal weight. Um, I've taken very good care of myself, so I'm rather surprised. I don't have a family history of cancer, except my father had leukemia, and he survived that for 18 years. So, I don't have a lot of family history. I was also tested in the Page 1 �very beginning of my diagnosis, um, for genetic testing, and they did, they tested 55 genes. Everyone was normal, and there were three of them that were from my pancreas, and those were normal, as well. So, it was not a mutation in my genes. This is something that I contracted but I still, to this day, don't know exactly where. Um, my husband is older than me, and he lived in Kalamazoo, um, when I was there, And he has more knowledge of the paper mills and so forth in that area, and he can speak more to what his thoughts are on this-this, um, possible contamination. Danielle DeVasto: Okay. Scott Mark: Good morning. I'm Scott Mark, and I have lived in Kalamazoo since 1962. And for many years, I lived in the general area of the Crosstown Ponds, and passed by them frequently on my own way to work. Uh, in the, I know that in the 1970s, uh, there was some water contamination in the wells, in the wells, you know, and, uh, they were stripping, uh, those wells, uh, and the water was being pumped onto the roadway, and then drained into the Crosstown Ponds. Now, I know that Kalamazoo draws all their municipal water from, uh, fresh water aquifers, uh, and below the city. But there's a long history of paper mills, uh, in the Kalamazoo area, and the two that I will speak directly to were situated, uh, near Cork Street, which is approximately a mile from the, um, Crosstown Ponds. Um, the watershed would move towards those Crosstown Ponds, and, of course, the aquifers are all that general area. The paper mills had fire protection systems, and potentially could have used these, uh, uh, [CLEARS THROAT] for, uh, fire protection. Um, there's an area on Cork Street—which I have some pictures that I'll share—that, uh, has been contaminated for probably 40 years, and is still fenced off today, uh, with warning signs that it's a contaminated area, and it's a hazardous area. Uh, there is a, uh, seven-foot cyclone fence around it with barbed wire across the top, multiple signs around the property, and I would guess that there's probably somewhere in the area of 40 to 60 acres, uh, that go to the north toward the Crosstown Ponds. Now, I know that that the, uh, the, uh, city municipal water system draws from deep down in the, uh, aquifers, but the leaching of chemicals of many different kinds naturally goes down to the aquifers. And I know that there has been some acknowledgment of groundwater contamination in Kalamazoo. Uh, some of the research that I tried to do about the contamination around the Crosstown Ponds did not yield much because they indicate that any dredging of the Crosstown Ponds, uh, was for, uh, the purpose of reducing the flooding that would occur in the spring or when there were, uh, significant, uh, rainstorms. And, um, sometimes those streets beside the Crosstown Ponds would have to be closed because of high water. Um, the one thing that concerns me is that of all the dredging of the Crosstown Ponds they did, they never indicated that they did any testing to see if there were contaminants. But, anyone that lived in the Kalamazoo area acknowledged that those Crosstown Ponds were contaminated ponds that sat, in, uh, the valley just south of the main downtown area. Um, I will be happy to forward some things that I recently, um, some pictures that I recently took of that, uh, contaminated area. Uh, this is the first time that I noticed, yesterday was the first time that I noticed that any mitigation of hazardous material going on or any work being done in there, um, um, for many, many years. However, I am well aware that to the south of Cork Street, which is, you know, approximately a, approximately a mile away from Crosstown Page 2 �Ponds, there was a very significant amount of, uh, uh, reclamation that was done, uh, probably 10 years, 10 to 15 years ago, um, which would be, uh, would, which would be in that same, uh, watershed that moved toward the Crosstown Ponds and into those aquifers. Uh, I think that probably, uh, that's what I can contribute at this point in terms of what my thoughts are about any contamination to that general area. Sue Mark: Um, I will mention one other thing that [CLEARS THROAT] back in 2018, um, I had a relative that told me—that still lives in Kalamazoo—told me that these ponds were dredged, and that would be around Fourth Street and, um, South Park Street. So they were dredged, and they took out, um, a pile of sludge, and put it on a portion of Fourth Street that was approximately 100 feet long and 10 to 12 feet high, and it sat on this road for two years. To my knowledge, it was never tested, it was just left there. Um, I don't believe it was fenced off. I think it was just piled there. And my concern from that is that how many children, um, animals, pets, whatever might have gotten into that could just crawl on it and climb on it and play on it or whatever. And that sat there for two years, and this is what they dredged out of the bottom of these ponds. Um, there was no concern for anybody's safety or, um, what could happen to anyone that got near this. Just to leave it there for two years is totally wrong. Um, I did not see that. This is what my relative told me, but at this point all that has been removed. But to allow that pile to sit for two years is totally wrong. And that's-that's basically all I can think of at this point that I want to bring up. But, um, as an individual, I don't feel that I can go to the city or the state and get anywhere with them acknowledging that they've done anything wrong. I'm just one person. Um, and I'm focusing on my cancer diagnosis and getting myself better, so that's where I'm at today. Danielle DeVasto: Would either of you, would either of you be able to say anything about what the neighborhood around the Crosstown Ponds is like? Is this residential? Is it, um, how would you characterize the-the-the neighborhood around there? Sue Mark: It's a combination. There were businesses in there. There were, um, um, different offices, um, and there was a lot of low-income housing. That's the best way to put it. Um, I'm sure most of those people were transients. They probably rented. I don't think that there were very many that owned. Um, as far as contacting other businesses, um, my dentist office used to be across the pond from where I worked, and, um, they are not there. They moved their office to another area, and I had talked to my hygienist and just told her what's gone on. And I said, you were down there the same time I was, you better pay real close attention to your health because, you know, you don't know what's gonna come from this, and you were in that same area. But, um, there were a lot of low-income housing, and it's hard to say, you know, I, we never talked with any of those people so I, you know, they come and go. And it's, a lot of the businesses that were there back when I was, aren't there anymore. So, um, it was a combination of both. There were offices and-and homes in that area. Danielle DeVasto: Okay. Sue Mark: Do you have anything to say? Scott Mark: No, uh, that was what I was going to bring up is the neighborhood issue. Page 3 �Danielle DeVasto: Awesome. Do you, moving forward from this point, I know you don't live there anymore, but do you have any particular concerns about the contamination, um, PFAS or otherwise, whatever it might be? Are there any particular concerns that you have moving forward? Sue Mark: Um, I'm concerned for anybody that lives anywhere around that area at all, because I don't believe anything has been truly taken care of. Um, maybe they're working on this one spot on Cork Street, but if it sat there for 40 years, how many people have been affected by it? And the signs say hazardous material right on the sign. Some of the signs that are on that fence have been there so long that they're faded. You can't even read them. So, this has, this has been a problem for a long time, and, um, I see the city is just ignoring it, and I think that's a shame. Do you have anything to add? Scott Mark: I-I think it would be very hard to come up with, uh, finding people because of the time period, uh, say from the 1990s, uh, to present, that may have been in that area and may have had diagnoses. That would be an awesome, uh, undertaking. And, you know, the fact that the, uh, the people that rented, the businesses that were there—some of them were medical offices, some were, um, lawyers offices, there were, um, just many types of small offices there that came and went over the years—and you just didn't have the contact with those people to know what was happening medically with any of those people. So, for us it's a concern that we're bringing forward, and hoping that somewhere along the way, somebody might ask the question, and there might be some information somewhere that they can plug into a computer, and it'll spit out some information of some of the diagnosed people that lived in those areas over the years. Danielle DeVasto: Before we wrap up, is there anything else that you'd like to add that we haven't touched on today or anything you'd like to go back to and say more about? Sue Mark: I can't think of anything. Can you? Scott Mark: No, at the moment, I can't think of anything. Uh, Sue and I have discussed this over a period of time. Um, while she generally focused on the pond, um, my knowledge was focusing on the groundwater that, uh, and the well fields, that were in that immediate area, as well as the contaminated areas nearby that would contribute to any of the, uh, chemicals that may be in the groundwater, uh, that the general population of Kalamazoo might be, uh, drinking from. Danielle DeVasto: Yeah. Well, thank you so much, Sue and Scott, for taking the time to share your perspectives and your stories today. Sue Mark: Thank you. Page 4 �Scott Mark: And thank you for your interest, and I hope that you come up with some good solutions and good information that point you in a direction that will help everybody. Danielle DeVasto: I hope so, too. Page 5 �Page 6 �Page 7 � https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/2e0a38d78b4120bb9731016598d9a7f5.MP3 db8a52f6b1203126945f23ead0a6d646 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Living with PFAS Interviews Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Devasto, Danielle Description An account of the resource Beginning in 2021, the Living with PFAS interviews were recorded to gather the personal stories of individuals impacted by PFAS contamination. PFAS, or per- and polyflourinated substances, are a large group of human-made chemicals used widely since the 1940s to make coatings and products resistant to heat, oil, stains, grease, and water. They can be found in countless household items, including food packaging, non-stick cookware, stain-resistant furniture, and water-resistant clothing. These chemicals are often called “forever chemicals” because they do not break down easily, can move through soils and contaminate drinking water sources, and build up in animals, plants, and people. PFAS have been linked to increased incidences of various cancers, increased cholesterol, decreased fertility, birth defects, kidney and liver disease, and immune system suppression, and thyroid dysfunction. It is estimated that PFAS are in the drinking water of more than 200 million Americans (Andrews & Naidenko, 2020). In Michigan alone, over 280 sites have PFAS contamination exceeding maximum contamination levels for groundwater (MPART, 2024). Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Living with PFAS (project) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In copyright Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Personal narrative PFAs (Perfluorinated chemicals) Groundwater--Pollution Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections & University Archives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DC-11 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 application/pdf audio/mp3 Type The nature or genre of the resource Motion Picture Text Sound Language A language of the resource eng Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PFAS0017 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mark, Sue Mark, Scott Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021-09-30 Title A name given to the resource Sue and Scott Mark, 2021 (Interview audio and transcript with images) Description An account of the resource Sue and Mark Scott lived in Kalamazoo, Michigan for many years before moving to South Haven, Michigan. In their interview, they discuss their knowledge of the groundwater contamination in Kalamazoo and its effects on their health and community. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource DeVasto, Danielle (interviewer) Subject The topic of the resource Oral history Personal narrative PFAs (Perfluorinated chemicals) Groundwater--Pollution Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Living with PFAS (project) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en">In copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mp3 application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/0c468f9b667354f6402b9492f34fe694.pdf bd153ae176d58eb0a371bdc25a5534df PDF Text Text �- !Brothers· Meet ,After 5 Years Philippines -->l'-11.;i l'\'fS 1-in I Best Christmas gift of all for Sergeant Richard Platte, 28, and \ his brother, Private First C13.ss Herbert, 24, was their meeting Dec. 18 somewhere in the Philippines, first time they had seen each other for five years. A letter from the men to their (;;'-~ parents, Mr. and fit Mrs. Richard · Platte, 153 Val- ley ave., NW., \ was partly writ- ·= ten by each one an d described their three-day visit which 0 CE A.'N • ·"'½~<?ii V CAlAMIANk . GROUP . spent mo talking checking up family news. HERBERT Herbert, 24 1 enlisted in the army five years ago and Spent three years in Panama, but was at home on furlough last spring on Mother's day, so he had fairly recent news of the family to give to Richard. Richard, 28, was one of the first selectees to enter service, was assigned to the 32nd div is i o n and has been overseas w i th the 126th Infantry for 37 months. After Herbert's furlough last spring, he was sent to New Guinea and the parents hoped the men might meet there. But RICHARD ' in the meantiine Richard had gone on to the Dutch East Indies. A few weeks ago separate letters from the brothers revealed that both were in the Philippines. Mrs. Platte wrote back in haste to tell them the news and the result was, as both described it, "The happiest day of our lives!" ,. •..q 0 "\ i;,. • r.,,.., .0 ti/YO /JO.NOS ,.,,.,.,~.,_,.,;,.,,__.,,ffl MacArthur Returns to Luzon The showdown battle for the Phlllpplnes opened Tuesday when huge American forces invaded Luzon, main island of the archipel~go on which 11 Manila, the capital. Gen. Douglas ··MacArthlir, making good his promise: "I will return/' led his troops ashore on the Lln&"ayen gulf beachet11, 100 I-". 'r..,.- miles north of Manila. Arrow • hows recent feint Invasion move from Mindoro, invaded earlle.r, to the island of Marinduque. Inset is the Manila bay area, MacArthur's ultimate objective Where Ba,,. taan and Corregidor will be avenged. Ph~lippine Chief ,,10 ·""' Hails Invasion Leyte, Philippines--{IP)--P_r~sident f Sergio Osmena of the Ph1hppmes I Thursday had · proclaimed. the I American landing on Luzon island t 1the answer to our prayers." : "Gen. MacArthur has called upon j us to rally behind him and I. k,n?w every patriot, guerrilla and c1V1han 1 will heed the call so the enemy 1 may feel the strength of our o~t- \ I• raged people/' the proclamation said. Highlights of the war in the Philippines: Manila first bombed by the , Japanese Dec. 8, 1941. Japanese land in Philippinef! Dec. 101 1941. Japanese ta.ke Manila Jan. ' 1942. Gen. Douglas MacArtht dered out of Philippines, a in Australia Mar. 17, 1942, ing "I will return." 1:fataan surrendered April 9, 1942. Corregidor falls May 6, 1942. + + + Japanese navy sustains heavy losses, June 18 -19, 1944, in first battle of Philippine sea, fought between air and surface forces at the time of the American invasion of the Marianas. MacArthur's comnlu-nique of July 24, 1944 makes first men• tion of Philippines, report! raids on enemy ahipping Mindanao, First raids on the pines, staged from sout, ,., Pacific Aug. 6-8, 1944, since th'e April 15, 1942 attack from Co»o regidor on Clark field, First/ heavy bomber strike against Philippines, Sept. 3, 1944. First American carrier aircraft I attack on archipelago made y1ce Admiral William F. Halsey~ task force Sept. 8 1944. Other carrier attac quickly followed~ First carri:~in;-- ,m:,r, a Manila Sept. 21, 1944. On Sept. 24, 1944, Admlra Chester W, Nimitz said car.rte operations had forced "the en emy to .withdraw his nav forces from their former a chorage in the PhUippines an~ to seek new refuges in t' same general area." American amphibious forp land Oct. 20, 1944 on Leyt island, in first ie-l11vaslon o the archipelago, + + + Japanese navy meets its ond great disaster in Philipp· waters Oct. 21-26, 1944, lost many warships in costly a tempt to interfere with the in vasion of Leyte. Americans land on Mindoro island, Dec. ''115, 1944, just sout o! Luzon, virtually without OJI position. Tokyo radio, on Dec. 17, 19 broadcut warning that t> ;!~;o; ~~r~i~to:;~:~~:,:sj 0 itary situation.'' Marinduque island, just of Mindoro and south of I by Americans Mindoro on Jan. 6. invaded \. �FOUR CENTS - ON NEWS STA.NDI AND STREET ew Luzon Invasion Blocks Japanese Retreat to Bataan -- I Yanks Sever Escape Road Advance From Beaches North of ·Suhic Bay Gen. MacArthur's Headquarters, Luzon - {JP)_ - Land~ng unopposed from 150 ships 60 miles northwest of Manila, strong United States 8th army forces Wednesday had blasted any hopes the Japanese might have held of a large-scale with• drawal to Bataan. The 8th army is driving swiftly east toward a juncture with the 6th. army. Such a junction would seal off historic Bataan. Already the inland push has put the 8th astride the Japs' only escape highway to Bataan. The second invasion of Luzon, timed with a 6th army push now within 30 miles of Manila, was disclosed Tuesday night by Gen. J?ougl?.~ MacArthur. The 38th divis1on and a combat team of the 24th were put ashore Monday on Zambales province in the 10 miles between the Santo Tomas river r:;:~~~ :n!a:a~la!:t~~i~hi;~ ' Bataan Retreat Blocked. - Japanese soldiers in mountains north of Bataan, including forces trying to prevent the Americans from using Clark field and Fort Stotsenburg, cannot withdraw into Bataan. Neither can Japanese in the central Luzon plains. Japanese in the Manila area are separated by waters of Manila bay from Bataan and the bay is patrolled by American planes which pou11.ded Corregidor and Cavite naval base with 509 tons of explosives Monday. In the mountains of eastern and northern Luzon there still is a sizable enemy force, If Lt; Gen. ITomoyuki Yamashita, or who.ever commands the Japanese on Luzon, phns a last stand of dr~matic proportions comparable with Bataan Ithree years .ago, northeastern Luzon may provide the stage. Mum on Inland Push. 1th0 CUT OFF JAP ESCAPII TO BATAAN-Invading Luzon Island between San Narciso and San Antonio, both of which were captured, the American 8th army Wednesday had smashed any Japanese hopes of retreating into Bataan for a "death stand." The 8th army spearhead, driving east for a junction with the 6th army, which is advancing south of San Fernando on the road to Manila, cut across the only road into Bataan from the north. The invaders also threatened early I seizure of Olongapo naval base in Subic bay, south of the invasion 1 • scene, by stabbing Inland to seize several towns, including San Felipe, ! San Marcelino and Casetillejos. ut All reports from Lu~on Wednes-day focused the spotlight on the Menace. Olongapo Base. 1sth army operation. In the 6th The Yanks of Lt. Gen. Robert L. \ army's sector no official word was Eichelberger posed an immediate given concerning progress of armenace to prized Olongapo naval imored columns last .. eported ap .. b~se i? Subic bay by racing 11 preaching Calumpit, . be1ow . ~an miles mland the first day to oc- \ Fernando. Calumpit 1s 25 a1rlme cupy such towns as San Felipe, San miles from Manila. Narciso, San Antonio, San MareeAround Fort Stotsenburg Yank lino and Caetillejos and seizing an I troops cleaned out enemy pocket.I airfield-the twenty-third airbast Iin the hills. won on Luzon. Well to the northeast in PangaThe drive toward Olongapo fs sinan province 1st corps troops led by Maj. Gen. Charles R. Hall's which captured Rosario inflicted 11th army corps. He is moving heavy losses on the Japanese in against a base which he reported mopping. up operations. · Those in a survey 12 years ago would be Yanks are less than 15 miles from easy to defend. The road there Baguio. from the beachhead is hemmed in Near the eastern end of the provbetween abrupt hills. The road Ince 25th division troops which won east fro~ Olong~po skirts a swa~p the highway town of San Quintin and a river, with a rugged hill advanced seven Il)iles southwest. across the river. ' -- -Suggesting, however, that the area is wide open to American conquest, native Filipinos said nc> enemy forces had been stationed in the new invasion area since 1942, Convoy Is Unscratched. The invasion convoy v.1as not at .. tacked by a single ~emy plane, 11 1 ~o}t~ t!~~e by the 800-ship convoy which was raided continuously en route to the 1 Lingayen gulf landings of the 6th army on Jan. 9. The Monday maneuver gives the Americans control of both ends of a 60-mile road, the onl,Y one leading into Bataan. The 8th now holds more than 10 miles of the west end. The 40th and 37th divisions of th9 6th army on the east end have pushed an unspecified distance southwest from fallen San Fernando while other columns rolled south ot that Pampanga province capital along the main highway to Manila. It now is too late for the Japanese command to attempt what Gen. MacArthur s\lcceeded in doing in . DecemberJ 1941-pull baclt dispersed and outnumbered fore~ in a converging withdrawal int<..) rugged Bataan where the Ameri• cans held out for four months. f~i~~~:~ru; fr~~ t~~~ �Mail- from- The- four Corners of The World , -re<' ir -• J , ~ Sgt. Dick Platte .1i West Michigan's 12.6 th Left Three Years Ago. I~~,. (Identification of the 1:Wth infantry as part of the 32nd division and locating It in action In l'l"ew Guinea has, until now, been suppressed military Information. Thf> Herald ont&ined from Washington this week, however, permisison to so identify and locate -the regiment.-Ed.) .,_ \o -~ s ,'r...., ) By E. W. MURPHY The 126th regiment of the Michigan National Guard, Grand Rapids' own regiment, left for federal service just three years ago this week. , An epoch-making three years it has been for the 1,300 officers and enlisted men frorµ throughout western Michigan who marched away in October, 1940. A long and lonesome I! three years it has been for the families they left behind. They were "rookies" then-business and professional men, factory workers and farmers, fresh from .offices, shops, the land-and few expected to be gone more tha.n a year. All shared the hope, tlien pr,,v'alent, that war would stay away from our shores. Now veterans of the war's bitterest fighting and heroes proved by victory, they are 12,000 miles away and entertain less hope of an early return than on the day they boarded their troop trains for Louisiana. This picture was taken three y ears ago this week, when membe:rs of the 126th infantry regiment., Mlchlgan national guard, left Grand Rapids for active service. It wa6it only for a training period, then, but western Michigan men in the regiment wrote history on New Guinea. PRIDE OF NATION In the intervening years, they have risen to the heights in patriotic service and valor. Their achievements are the pride of the nation and mark a milestone in the history of the war. 'they helped stem the Jap onslaught against Australia and saved the day for the United Nations in the Far East. Theirs was a heart-breaking price in d~ad and wounded, sick and disabled, but they made the Japs pay a much higher price. The Japs are believed to have lost at least 15,000 dead alone in the defense of Euna and Gona. Western Michigan troops at one stage of the campaign helped drive who!~ comp.anies ofl) . . •.•. ••• . ..... • ........ ~.....•~ • - ·· -·· -~·· . •. .. _ .,~.,....,.1 1 Japs terror-stricken mto the ocean so that their bodies littered the shore for miles. , In this photograph, taken in New Guinea during the Buna-Gona campaign, Gen. Robert L. Eichelberger Js shown congratulating members of the 126th infantry on their successful drive against the Japa. Both Eichelberger, who commanded the S2nd division, and the division we.re cited for bravery and devotion to duty. - - --- -r .,..,...--,---- ' - When three years ago, the 126th ) regiment departed for Camp Beau- • regard, La., they could scarcely 1 imagine the • ufteringa, privations. !I and sacrifices they would endure 1 in the days to come. Soldiers, who 1 once might have complained of 1 walking a few city blocks, were , obliged to climb towering peaks 10,000 fest high, pierce den~e jungle, cross .swamps and, all but exhausted after days or torturing 1' travel go into battle with hardly any rest. West Michigan troops learned to survive in a climate where rain seldom ceases, where clothes rot from mildew, where the alight.est cut will abscess and open wounds refuse to heal, a 'green hell' where strange diseases_, fevers and infections baffle medicine. . . The 126th fought and conquered Ii an enemy of incomparable ferocity. Visions of death and sacrifice in little known lands were far from the thoughts of Grand Rapids guardsmen when, on Oct. 15, 1940, they were sworn into the federal service and told they would immediately proceed to Louisiana. It was the climax of the campaign in which President Roosevelt prom-• · I ised not to send American troops to fl.ght on foreign soil except in case of attack. PASS IN REVIEW The first advance party o! the }!!!: ~:1~~~::, ~~st. s:~e~~~d t~~ j: city gave the troops a rousing farewell on Friday of the same week. Thousands lined Monroe ave. to 11 watch some 600 troops representing the Grand Rapids contingent of , the 126th regi~en~ pass in review. 11 Thanks1,:wing Day, 1943. Dear John: 1 nave just finished reading "The Alert" while ]ying on my bunk and really feel ashamed for not having wrHten sooner, because "reading this paper certainly brings. back oJd memories. The place does not sound like the old place I used to work at, but from the sound of things you are really doing a swe]l job for us boys over here. Keep it up, we certainly appreciate an that you are doing, and the more bonds you buy the sooner we men will return and start the wheels of peace-time.:,jfdustry and again turn out peacetime necessities. It certainly has been a long time since being in good old Grand Rapide, twenty-five months to be exact, and I am a bit lonesome for the old place. I was transferred out of my old unit a few months J ago, but hope to return and get I back in the fight. I still have a few scores to set Uc yet and bdng II my hunting season's score a bit higher. I am feeling my old self , once again and regained the thirty pounds I lost when in combat. Had a very nice Thanksgiving day, much different than the lastI didn't have to eat a can of bully while lying in a trench ; today has really made me thankful for many things. I really appreciate "The Alert," but wou]d like to see a few of the old timers' names in it, so John if you don't care to drop a line, put it in Hhe Alert." Do you see much of Dad? He certainly is proud of his little ! anny and we three (all old Hayes employees) feel the same about him Well, John, I can't say as much as I would like, due to cen• sorship, so win close for now and hope you drop a line soon. As ever, DICK. Sgt. Dick Rlatle-6155618. Co. H, 6th Army Training Center, A.P.O. 9"26, c!O Postmaster, San Francisco, California. �~trange Sights B~come -Vominonpla~e as War Spreads Through Lands of the South Pacific -U. s. Marine Coros photo from A,cme At Guadalcanal, a United States Marine, second from the left, wearing a captured Japanese ·sword and canteen, and three members of the native police force assume their best poses for the camera. I �chigan Men Routed Japs at Buna I- S • 'I- 3 ( i • day• ago, preceded by a 211-pounder barrage. These tlaell •, however, bounded off tht topa of the dug- By GEORGE WELLER ht by T • Detroti !ol'ew• and &be Cb ,o n ly New11 triangle of Buna a thick-rooted tree sfta I he rd the Village and Buna Mission diverge outs. at the thunder of story of the taking of the bloody left and right, or west and east. One gallant attack was under the re and t_he ke mng song triangle from the men who accom- The word road ts used here in the leadership of Capt. James Workwhammmg !nto the reHis ht'ad lowered e 1n ntrymen n front and dh 11 oot poc:markcd triangle to the advanced post where Jay, d r ftre, three of the men respontbl for this achievement. A few yarde ahead was a. cont mighty threshing noise of nd lated f o Ila g e as crawling my guru ers powided the snipendlessly with .45 .slugs. r lay the foot of a tree whne one aniper had just been shot ~. was flr t, lying concealed from p gunners by some bushy foliage, n, after the ftre srew more peri tent, with other American 10!• lera In the motherly protection of Jal · ;~r e/o~sp:~~!:! ::i~ phshed this coatly task, Papuan sense, meaning a partly man, a tall, gaunt Southerner, After BRA\' JAP FIB.IC dry narrow lane lifted above the the failure of this attack 1 the com. surrounding moraas, big enough manding general said be would 1 lblS outpo t upon a for a bicycle but not for jeep. give high honors any group of field do . ln_ated by Jap lire by a NEW JUNGLE PATH men who would penetrate to the long, tw sUng course around an- To take Buna Village two weeks pillboxes. other field, carr mg on my back . Last Thursday (Dec. 24 l another the knapsack of a runner who had 11.go the Americans hewed a new attack got under way, led by Lieut. been sent for "nter, This runner, jungle pa.th around the left 11ide of William Flanagan, of Meriden, Nelo Krueger, of New Buffalo, !the left-hand road, They desired to Miss. This attack also, although .Mich., carr1 d filled flasks strung go straight through simultR.neously pressed home with the greatest by their chains upon a stick while on both roH.ds but on the &ight were courage, was unable to penetrate Delbert A hbrook. of flort Worth, prevented by a Jap pillbox of heavy Jap fire. When the American gen• Tex., and Chuck Robert, of Milan, palmetto logs filled in w;,th earth era.I reitr.rAted thAt this fork was Mich., covcrPd us with tommy guns lying squRrely athwRrt the trail. the key to Buna Mission and must as we ran dR. hed to the company Deep quagmire flanked bnth sides. be ('Onquered, his own aid volun• that had broken the triangle. F('lr nearly a fortnight the Amer• 4 The triangle is that scarred icans launched every conceivable (Concluded on Page ) swamp of pandanua and betel nut type of infantry att&ck aaaln • t the tree• and thlr.k gras• that lie• In rigbt-hand fork to Buna. MtS1ion. the fork where the roads to Buna Our flrBt heavy attack came 10 reached a How Michigan Men Routed Japs at Buna Michigan Heroes Take Time Out (Concluded from P•I'• One) teered, but the losses obliged him both of Manitowoc; Robert Bre.w• to withdraw llkewise. ster, ot Monttc~llo, Ark.; Alo.ystus Nowak of Milwaukee: Wilbert Yet anothe:- assault upon thes~ Romba~h. <>~ Youngstown; David pillboxes, then numbered ~t three, Hamm, of Detroit; Corp. Howard was made by a group of l~fantry• Reed, of Grand Rapid~; Leroy m~n .le~ b~ Lieut. Paul Whitaker, a Beaup_fl!, of Two ·Rivers, Wis.; M1ss1sslpp1an. Sergt, Charles Folletti of La~sing, to FEET FROM PfLLBOX Micb., and RAieigh Powell, believed When all these efforts to circum- to 7be of Youllgst0wn· vent the pillboxes bad failed, Sergt. ADVANCE ON PILLBOXES Harald Huyck, of Adrian, -Mich., ~be group was broken up into led another assault straight down three parties with Wagner, Gr~\ the ditches tlanklng the foot-wide and Logodon In the lead. They pat'h. This party managed to make crept from a})ellhole to 1bellbole 40 feet from the pillbox ~efore the and tlnally got within 15 feet. Each Japs opened fire. Walter E. Miller, carried a barigalore torpedo. They of Hillsdale, Mich.; Corp. Frank L. made the l11Bl ruah, threw the tor· Hoyt, of Norristown, Pa., and pedoea inside and ran. The pill• Bernard R. Snyder followed Huyck, box blew up. No tire developed but were unable to get closer to from the others. Then the whole the foremost pillobx. (These three party ru1hed the pillboxes, one by men also described their attack to one, getting more cautious a11 they the writer after emerging from the approached the far end wht>re swamp with faces blackened with American ftre might be met. mud and bemired to the hip.s). Sergt. Follett volunteered for ,he The block to the Americans' last dangeroua task of advancing progress toward Buna Mission toward the American posts-the forced them to undertake a clrcui- J a p I have frequently donr~ed tous western attack through Buna American uniforms for deceptive v·ll ge purpoaes, be It noted-and told 1 T~e i.hankless task fell to Capt. them the trian1Ie'1 defenders had James L Altord, of McComb, Miss. fled. . It · 'th Alford that I talked Doubling back through the hne was WI of blackened p1llboxes, the writer beneath the tree today. had time between spurt.A caused by ATIACK DESCRIBED a sniper on the east to see the "First we decided we must 10 blackened shafts of a litter. In ' one pillbox a medical unit, includaround the Japs thr~ugh th e swamp ing Victor Esposito, ot ~icago, and see how the p11lboxe• looked was taking shelter temporarily. Atj from the rear/' 41\.lford said. the other end, in the bloodie1t ?ill· · hi box of all, lay chterfully Lieut. Alford began by estabhs nc a Thomas Wri1ching, of Wicken• small sniper-free area in the jungle burgh, Ariz., along with Harold bordering upon the creek and coco- Schloeser, of Pine City, Minn. nut grove at the Jap rear. I walked out with Henry Gibbon, ''We began by killing three snip· of Holland, Mich.. and Samuel M. 1 era. Our best shot, Andrew Siem~ !~<;°.!sie~f !!:!;~r~ '-;;f t~~ a~~~~~ bieder, of Youngstown, O., got two, which had been in the field iu•t 1 he oa1d. h If .. beyon Alford"• command pool, "And you got t ree yourse ' under ftrf: Jn the sun. prompted Sergt ... Harold K_och, of '"Feel tllkt," 1ald Gibbon, proferManitowoc, Wis. ring his lf'elmet. It was like fire. Having cleaned out the .snipers, And th~n began, over this foughtAlford's company then e•labllsh~d for gro1111d, a long walk to the \ a tree-top lookout, Jap style. Their peep-he,i,d. first important disco".er~ from this lnew vantage ~~ Ja.o lines.,. . .. .....,not I I ! ~t~h .. t ce but with 14 r;o~T:~rd's next attempt wa• tff otart a. bushfire hoplnfh~o p~U~x:s. the fohage cover on ful but The fire was partly success ' d a backfire by the Japs put an enw it However, Alford was no \1e ·to call for mortar fire. Even fhough the palmetto logs t:re; them off the projectiles ma e ssible to harry the Japs in their l But their tire continued. o,;:~ turning point came today. i Without telling Alford the r plans, Supply Sergt. Charle• GWag• and Runner James reen, ~~~h ot Manitowoc, started tor the h pi~;;~~r is a hairy. fellow wh~ wears torodor-Hke s 1 deb urns, Green ta sallow and small. Wag• ner had a revolver; Green. beintg I~ un-ner bad no weapon. -The~ o. d • th('Y intended to viiut hts Id orcommand pnst which, before ~he tree-top ouJ.look was estab· 1' bed had been a 11maU gulch in t~e ,;.iddle of a field under Jap fire. AW NO FIRE Instead of going to the old. co~mand post the duo made a aeries daring, circuitous appro~ches ard the first pillbox. Finally heY.: got within ~5 feet of one Get Patched Up for Next Go With Japs to Japs Cleared From Buna NEW GUINEA 1-..lL.=...!t:.'. SOMEWHERE IN NEW \GUINEA, Dec. 3.-CDelayed)--{IP)"I would a thousand times ratl1er , go back up. there than go through I this ," said Corp. Boyd Lightfoot, of Sault Sainte Marie, Mich., as he \ rested today in an American field hospital. Lightfoot ·had been through four different attackl; on Japanese po• sitions when he was stricken near Buna with what he thought was an old - fashioned stomachache, but which the doctors tabbed appendi• citis. His chief disappointment is that the time needed for the operation will cost him a chance for more good shooting. He's a1re.~dy wear,: ing one_ set of Japanese dog tags around his neck, taken from a sniper he nailed. Pvt. Wenzel Thompson, of De• troit, was sporting a shiner which his comrades joked about. Thompson's outfit was charging a Jap• anese machine-gun pof>ition when a bit of shrapnel cut his forehead slightly, and the bl.ick eye was the main result. Pvt. Herman Wilbert, a Grand Rapids, Mich., mortar gunner who ,was injured when a Japanese shell 1landed nearby, hopes to get patched 'up in time, he said. for "the kill at Buna." which he believes is comini soon. (Editor's note: It did.) Pvt. Hubert Mennega, of Byron Center, Mich., ,,·as on patrol when a sniper caught him with a small• caliber bullet. Mennega continued some distance before ht. realized he was wounded. Hi;; main grievance was that hospitalization cost him a flowing beard Vflhich he had wanted to save until it could be phnto• graphed. Nurses who are mJking y,~wly arrived casualties comfortable said a. cold drink of water was the most popular item. They reported all the patients were in excellent condition considenng they had only been treated at field dressing stations. Even men with fractures arrived with their arms and leg1" in casts as good as a city hospital could pro• vlde, they said. All these men, like others who have come out of the swampland battle, were in high spirits. heavy- 1 ed 1 ho.v to make the teat. They arose aufflcient arms. Finally, ~ckecler exposed himself slightly getting no action, stood u~. The're was sniper fire but api~ nothing from within. Wagnel s~n d.()wn Green sto~d up. sa ncJthi~g from the -p1llb0Xe8 • • They crawled back-the JOI1~n~~ taking ~h!frurtri~. T~ey, 00 ked pe ·mission to take out a arty This time Charles Lo1adon, f Louisville, Ky., a thin-faced with a small moustac~!• to be in the advance w1tn h The plan was to have a em. arty in the rear, also vol- an't"' ~\re~ ::~d request t:rr volunteers, man asked to go.. ted Harold Evan•, of cover the three lead< my gun. It was dilll· o e part~. ., tected were George\ Clarks Mills, Wio.; Rich· , ot Youngstown, O.; I I. I The black shading indicates the allied drive in New Guinea across the Owen Stanley Mountains that culminated in the elimination of all J ap troops from Buna. One pocket of resistance in the area remains at Sanananda (Jap flag). Farther northwest, allied forces heavily bombed Jap positions at Lae. l - �RUA SURA I. NURAI. Cl 10 MILES 20 _,.,___ Back in February, 1934, the Solomon islands and Guadalcanal broke into print when it was sugg~sted in congress that England give them to the United States as part payment on her World war I debt, In August, 1935, Bishop Thomas Wade, then Catholic apostolic vicar to the Solomons, came back to report that visiting anthropoloa gists were not the least of the hardships encou\nte!':ed by missionaries to the cannibals <;>f the Solomon islands. Except for these notations and an occasional report of .an uprisa ing in which missionaries or white traders were involved, newspaper files on the Solomon islands are for the most part barren until World war II put the s6uth seas back into the layman's geography. On Jan. 22, 1942, Japanese planes raided the SololTlon islands and lirought them up to date, to the amazement of the natives who stared bug-eyed and open-mouthed at four-motor bombers. The Solomons' folder in news libraries has grown steadily since with these high poir~ts in only eight monttis of war: Jan. 24-Japs land in Solomons, New Guinea. New Britain. May 4-American flyers sink Jap warships in Solomons in prelude to the battle of Coral sea. · Aug. 7-United States warships and marines invade Tulagi• Guadalcanal area in surprise night attack. Aug. 8-Marines continue landings, spread to other islands. Aug. 8-9-Jap cruiser and destroyer force driven off in attack on United States troops, supply ships. United States loses three heavy cruisers, Australia . loses one. Aug. 14-Marines consolidated and supplies move in under army and navy air attack on Jap bases. Aug. 17-Navy announces shore positions ••now well established.'' Aug. 19-Marine patrols hunt out Jap remnants in jungles. •~Hn,l• Wide World fe,t • res Aug. 20-Japs land reinforcements at night; hand-to-hand fighting on beaches. Aug. 21-Seven hundred enemy wiped out by lat: afternoon in full-scale battle. Aug. 23-Enemy aircraft attack with heavy losses. Jap destroyers shell United States land positions at night. Aug. 25-Great Japanese armada t urned back by United States air and naval forces short of United States•held islands. Aug. 29-Marines wipe out Jap forces, tightening grip on six Solomon islands. Sept. 3-Small Jap landing parties hunl<!d down in Solomons. Sept. 7-Forty-six Jap planes raid Guadalcanal. Sept. 7-Japs try to reinforce Guadalcanal forces, lose heavlly In troops and small boats. Forty-six Jap planes raid island. Sept. 7-United States destroyer B1ue and a transport sunk while supplying land forces. Sept. 15-Reinforcements help Japs strike hard on Guadalcanal but marines hold. Sept. 29-United Stales dive-bombers blast Jap-held villages on Guadalcanal. Oct. 5-Japs land reinforcements despite United Stat.es air attacks. Oct. 6-7-More Jap reinforcements land, pointing toward battle for Henderson field. Oct. 8-Navy planes damage five Jap ships, destroy eight planes . north of Solomons. Oct. 10-More Jap reinforcements land on Guadalcanal. Oct. 13-United States troops balk Jap landing on Guadalcana.l, sink six Jap warships, damage two others. Oct. 14 to Datc-Jap navy shells United States stations on Guadal• canal, then lands reinforcements. Artillery uhits attack marine outposts. J ap aerial assaults increase and both sides rush reinforcements and relief task forces and step up bombing of enemy supply ah!~ �-NEA Telephoto FEAST FOR A JAP- A Jap prisoner taken in Aleutian ,,·aters gets the best food he ever ate, in the brig of a United States navy ship en route to Dutch Harbor, Alaska. (Official nayy photo.) tted line shows battle line of o weeks ago. Solid white line is y's approximate line. Scale: 6 to½ln. "'m the jungle•covered Bij.taan peninsula and its "little Gibraltar," Corregidor island, American and FIUptno troops under Lieut. Gen. Jonathan M. Wainwright are staglllg an unremitting defense against superior Japanese forces on the mainland and on Luzon bases only a few miles away. Am e r i c an mllltary experts learned from the Filipino insurrection at the turn of the century that Bataan peninsula has few equals as a defensive position. From 12 to 20 miles wide and 30 miles long, the area is choked with jungle growth and its hilly, mountainous terrain-lined with only a few decent roads - defies the extensive o}!leration of motorized equipment. Off the point of the peninsula lies Corregidor, whose natural defenses have been strengthened by art i 11 e r y emplacements, underground galleries and warehouses. The guns are capable of shelling Japanese .. held Cavite, 22 miles away. Manila bay cannot be utilized as a large-scale naval base by the Japanese so long as the United States controls Corregidor, the entrance, and heavy Japanese bomb-ings of recent weeks have indicated acceptance of this fact. American authorities-, h owe v e r, said damage to the fortress has been ne gllgible. 1 ,o-,a- ... ~ Clashing Anew In New Guinea (By Associated Press I Allied mountain troops in N.ew Guinea were reported skirmishing Tuesday with the Japanese in the region of the "Gap" through the Owen ~tanley mountains. A spokcwman for Gen. Douglas MacArthur said allied forward elements had made some progress forward. From the "Gap" t~e mountain trail drops 5,000 feet m 12 miles. No details were given as to the strength of the Japanese, who have been withdrawing steadily from position.s in the Owen Stanley I m1rrnt:~~:~ity was on a reduced scale, but medium bombers an~ attack planes again raked the trail to Buna along which the Japanese must bring up their supplies and reinforcements. Japanese lnstalla• 1 tlon.s at Buna also were bombed. I QUIZZING CAPTIVE IN ALEUTIANSOne of five Japanese prisoners captured in the Aleutians and brought to the United States Is · shown, left, being questioned by navy officers at Dutch Harbor. In the center is LIEUT COl\IDR, PETER HOLM. (Official navy photo.) �JapsW Ind: <IIFMlileli11111:PrWJ Allled mountain troopt. forced the Japanese to Wi a short distance In the Owen Stall• ley mountains of New Guinea and fighting is continuing and increasing in scope, Gen. Douglas Mac] Arthur's headquarters announced Saturday. The allied advance was made In the vicinity of Templetons Crossing as alJied planes machinegunned villages at the mouth of the Mambare river, 40 miles north of Buna on the northeastern New Guinea coast. 8uUetin 10 • 1i·Y~ GENERAL MAC ARTHUR'S ' HEADQUARTERS (Sunday) <lP> - Dates give time of re• capture by Australians AustraJlan troops on the offensive in southeastern New Guinea, backed by allied bombers, have regained most of the mountainous area taken by Jap invaders a month ago. Only a trail through the hllls and Jungle erosses the mountain range at the divide kn own as the Gap, making milltary moves precarious. Here the Japs were pushed back towa ard their main advance base at Kokoda. ZERO HOUR IN THE SOLOMONSThe upper map shows sectloh of Guadalcanal island where American marines, soldiers and sailors are meeting the assault by Jap troops who have forced a landing. Lower map shows scenes of other action in the Solomons. Allied N atlons' units yesterday heavily bombed the Solomon fs... lands, where ;Japanese forces are attacking Amerlcan..held installa- 1 tions, General MacArthur'• headquarters announced today. The dlaclo"'!re that MacA>Jtharls air force was givJng powerful: sup-: port to Americans In the Solomons, by hammering the Japanese bases and ships, was accompanied by the announcement that Allied ground troops had captured Templeton's Crossing high in the Owen Stanley , mountain range of New Guinea. �Bag Japs,,?.~, Guadalcanal; ,BULLETIN Io -:,.J - ',L.._ GEN. MAC ARTHUR"S HEADQUARTERS, Australia (Wednesday) <A»-AIIIP-d bomb.. JAP PRISONERS LINE UP FOR ROLL CALL-Japanese prisoners captured by United States marines on Guadalcanal island line up for roll call. These prisoners are largely naval reservists used by the Japanese for construction work. This picture was radioed from Honolulu to San Francisco, - N EA Telephoto ARE CAPTURED JAPS DOWNHEARTED? NOJapanese prisoners on Guadalcanal island look anything but unhappy as they light up American cigarets, of which they get 10 a day, after being captured in recent fierce fighting there. • ers were believed to ha,'e Ju.. tucted extensive damait:e in an.. othrr blow at the Japanese hase of Buin in the northern Solomons, it was announced today, while Australian troops forced back the Japanese th1·ee miles in the New Guinea land fight b et ween Templeton's Crol'l'.slng and Kokoda. "Continuing to support operations In the Solomons," the communique said of the Buln raid, "Allied mf'dlum units made another night attack on the alrdrome and enemy shipping at tht!II base. Extensive damage is believed to have been inflicted. There was no attempt at Interception. All our planes returned safely." Butn I~ at the southern tip of Bougalnville island some 315 miles northwPst of the U, S. base at Guadalcanal. The setback for thP Japanese at Templeton's Crossing meant a re~umption of their retreat from their unsuccessful land assault across the Owen Stanley mountains directed at Port Moresby. [Aussies 10 Miles:~"' Fro,,:;, Kokodq~ in Guinea Mountains Gen, MacArthur's Headquarters in Australia-<lP>-Allied troops have driven the Japanese from their defense positions near Eora creek in the Owen Stanley mountains of New Guinea and are .continuing to press successful attacks, Gen. Douglas MacArthur announced Thursday. The new advance brought the allied ground troops within 10 miles of Japanese-held Kokoda by trail 1 and only about 6 miles by air • j �MICH., TUESDAY, OCTOBER 20, 1942.- Marines Move Through Jungles on Guadalcanal canal island to get into position to attack the Japanese forces en• trenched along 1\-fa.tanikou river. This picture was sent by radio from Honolulu to San Francisco. ---- =~~----, Push Japs Back IStilf Farther 1.-~~'• ' on New Guinea j. ; GENERAL MACARTHUR'S , HEADQUARTERS, Australia, (Fri, day), UP)-Japanese and Allied bombers exchanged blows, the Japs bombing Po1-t Moresby and the Al• lies Buin while Allied ground forces I were continuing to push the Japa- [~::n ~n~!: 1 bs~:~1!;':~·:n:;~!:~te high command reported today. 1 The AJlied bomber attack on Buinl at the southern tip of Bougainvllle island in the Solomon islands to the of embattled Guadalcanal, 1 north II was made at night on enemy ship-- I ::i~:n: 0 :::i~:rr~t;~~t ai:d t!:/t:1!g~~ I opposition. Such shipping concentrations have ben sought out by the Allies to weaken any ~DPding assault upon American-held· Guadalcanal. Ten tons of bombs were dropped 1 by the planes, all of which located their targets at Buin and later returned safely to their bases. Three Jap bombers made a night raid on Port Moresby. The com.. munique reported that the raid caused neither casualties nor damage. I \ ,. - -i--t~ - NEA Telephoto FIRST JAP PRISONERS REACH AMERICAAn official navy photo of blindfolded, heavily •guarded Japs, captured in a naval engagement in the Aleutians, arriving at Dutch Harbor. Five · of them ha,•e been brought to the United States for questioning and detention. I I 0 �FRIDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1942. Brin~s Home Bacon in Solomons Roast wild pig is not on the daily diet of the marines on Guadalcanal island-in fact it probably is not on their diet at all now that the men arc fighting desperately against invading Japs. But before latest Jap 1msh PVT. M. G. WIGGINS bagged this beauty, s SHOWER ON WHEELS IN NEW GUINEAA nice cool shower is in order on many a hot afternoon in New Guinea and these United States troops stationed at one of the allied nations' airfields know how to get it. A water wagon, used to keep the ever-present dust down on the field, makes the rounds regularly and the boys step under the spray for a quick cooling-off. JapsThrown Off Schedule _,_.;.'?,-'r;i_ Nonstop Raids by U. S. Flyers Delay Attack on Guadalcanal (BY Associ~ted Press.) -Cenlral Press YANKS LAND AT A BOMBED AffiFIBLDAmerican troops fill in bomb craters at an American airfield near Port Moresby, New Guinea. Soldiers are watching a. Flying Fortress circling over the field, which has just been bombed by the Japs, as the pilot awaits the signal to land. 1 Persistent allied air bombardment of a large Japanese war fteet in the southwestern Pacific appeared Friday to have thrown a long-ex• pected Nipponese invasion thrust against Guadalcanal off schedule while giving Americans valuable time to bolster their forces. The enemy warships and trans• ports have been the target for an almost constant rain of allied aerial bombs for the last 10 days. The lat~st attack on the enemy's ship concentration came Thursday night when allied bombers under Gen. Douglas MacArthur's Australian command dumped 10 tons of explosives on Japanese vessels at Buin at the southern tip of Bougainville island. The nocturnal raid drew strong anti-aircraft fire, but aU the planes found their targets, MacArthur's communique reported, and returned safely to their hases. Meantime, the navy disclosen that Japanese troops in the hea~ jun~ gle on northern Guadalc3nal had attempted a minor thn1st at the American positions on Oct. 20. The "feeler" was repulsed. An enemy bomber, believed to have b(;en on a reconnaissance mission over the island, was brougti,t \ down by anti-aircratt fire. I 1 �=.--- Allies Pushing Guinea, Attack , •• :1-'t" ....... (Bv Associated Press.) AUied jungle troops in New Gui)lea were reported Satur~ay to be attacking the Japanese m ~he area south of Alola,. less than nme miles from the advanced enemy b~~::i!~k~:~ier pl~nes harassed enemy positions outside Ko~oda. The Japanese air fo_rce, ~h1~h has been comparatively mact1ve m the New Guinea area since the operations in the Solomons. started. made a light bombing attack on the al~ lied airfield at Milne ~a~ on the southeast tip pf New Guinea, but caused neither dama_ge n~r casualties said a commumque issued by Ge~. Douglas MacArthur. I -Central :Press Phoncphoto -Central Press TOKIO WJLJ; PAY FOR TIDS, TOO, SOME DAY SOON!BR~G, GEN, MA~TIN F. ·mDKE) SCANLON, right, of the, United States army, with two Australian officers, v1e~s !he smoking ruins of an American 1,omber, victim of a direct hit by a ~apanese bomb. This picture, taken somewhere in New Guinea-, was approved by the united na• tions censor there. I Jap Pane Tender at Rabaul SmasHed -NEA Telephoto SUPPLIES REACH E~IBATTLED MARINES IN SOWMONSStripped to the waist, United States marines carry supplies ashore from landing barges in one of the Solomon islands, where they are standing off concerted Jap drives to dislodge them. (Official marine corps photo.) GENERAL MACARTHUR'S HEADQUARTERS, Aust r a Ii a (Sunday) ·(JP)-A lal'ge Jap sea.plane tender was believed destroyed at Rabaul, New Britain, by Allied bombers, the high command announced today. The seaplane tender was one of the targets picked out by a flight of heavy bombers which again struck at the harbor of Rabaul whel'e Jap ships have concentrated, presumably for an impending as. sault on American-held Guadalcanal in the Solomons to the southeast.. An assault the day previously resulted in the sinking or damaging of 10 Japanese ships, including a cruiser and it destroyer. Today',s communique said the second assault, made at night, resulted in a hit amidships with 8. 500-pound bomb of a seaplane tender of the Nisshin Maru class of 17,600 tons. Flames and black smoke envelop'ed the ship which was believed ''to be completely destroyed." The communique also reported the destruction of at least two and probably four Jap bombers in a raid on Lae, vital Jap base on the north coast of New Guinea and a raid by 12 Jap planes on Darwin, 1 northern AustraUan port, which I caused "only slight damage." Allied ground forces, meanwhile, : continued their advance upon Kokoda, Jap-held _base in the Owen Stanley mountains. �J26fft ,,.. 1 in Move from Ausfralia MacArthur, Japs 7 Trade Air Blows \ \ O • l.1-'f-'l... GEN. MAC ARTHUR'S HEAD· QUARTERS, Australia, (Tuesd~y) _,.(lp)-Allied warplanes made wide- 1 spread raids on Japanese bases in!' New Guinea and Dutch Timor yesterday, General MacArthur report1 edA\~~:{~ were made against Koeang the Japanese airdrome on fhe 'southwestern tip of Dutch Tim or and against Lae •and Salaua , both on the northeast coast N;w Guinea, and against Kokoda, on the trail from Euna to Port ::-t M;~:b:~emy meantime raided Dari Australia, and Port Moresby ;n~' Milne Bay in New Guinea, the communique said. l"'t\ U::ontlnued from Page 1) tion of this war, with an Allied \:I vk\tory. he boys are trained razor The 126th infantry, west Mich"This time, we've really com\ rp and are eager to tangle with igan's own, is now on New Guinea a des?late spot and 3:r~ _ItvinW he sneaky Jap. No _doubt by the where the Allied armies have been th~ wilderness. The c1v1han vo~ffl'II, you r ecev? this letter, you labon has been evacuated and there wi)l ha.ve read m the newspapers bat.tling the Japs for weeks and, are no stores left in which to t.u,Ut large Allied successes in this according to latest dispatches, are anythi.1:g. Therefore, t~e only thin~ of the woz·ld, I believe that steadily pu'Shing the enemy back to do 1s to work during the day, amibition of the boys is to lick in the Owen Stanley mountains. \lap off thiJ island, and then This news was received in Grand kick him all around the Pacific Rapids Thursday in a letter to ~ he is exterminated. John English, superintendent of 11:EART OF TROPICS the Grand Rapids armory, from "h first we found the living 1st. Sergt. Jack J. Wester of servondittons very difficult to accusice company, 126th infantry. The liourselves to, but after a few letter, written Oct. 7, does not say s we managed to do all right. how long the troops have been on twisting and turning on the the island north of Australia, for for a couple of d.aye, and ~o~se.ssion of which a terrific fight ~1',laJW:et;a 1s oemg waged. )'iei<'fe The letter, which was written to ldn shortly after the men arrived in und and now we llle.,,.-ve1'Y New Guinea, was paesed by the II, 0) military censor. •'J'rom lookng at the map, you Wester simply says, "We have can see we are in the heart of the left the mainland of Australia and tropical zone, and it is really hot are now resting on the island of ere.. I am told that the hottest New Guinea." He makes no menmonths are from December through tion the fighting, confining his February, but by the time that letter to the country and living period arrives, we will have conditions. soaked up enough of the sunshine "WITHOUT INCIDENT" to have become acclimated. Most te:•T::s c~~s::::u°iii :ned s!~~;~t ~:~ of the boys are almost the color of the natives already. Speaking cident," the letter runs. "There This map shows New G ~ of the natives, they are very friendrd wasn't mu~h to do while abo.a north of Aus,tralia, where Jy here and should prove a valuable ship and Just a~out all. my time 126th Infantry is now Ioca aseet in seeking out and fighting 1 th ::; :::kei~gui~ : :hsu~l:~:e~ and, when the sun goes down, ~oot Jap. , . . our traveling on dangerous waters the bull with the boys. T his type Guess ; ve written Just about all for quite a few days. you can just of life is hard and boring but inust I can th mk o! that would pass bet that every one of us breathed necessarily be contended with if th e 'Censor. Needless to say l big sigh relief when we set there is to b+:>. successful culrninat~~~1:n:ni~ ; 0 th~~~ foot on good old mother earth. See 126TH INFANTRY -Pace .11 · far dist~nt when I will be back W.,.re following the normal pattern of Ufe again, Who knows but what thjs latest move is the first leg of o ourne bac o e goodold USA. If you don ear from me lor quite awhile, you should know that conditions make it impossible MICH., MONDAY, OCTOBER 26, 1942.-: for me to write; therefore, don't wait for answers to your letters before writing again since the main source of enjoyment to the soldier is, at present, receiving letters from home." LEFT IN 1940 Wester, who was ~mployed In the mail division at ,,the Union depot here, left with the first group of the Michigan national guards on Oct, 20, 1940, for Camp Beauregard, going with the convoy divis!Qn. The second group left Oct. of ;~f~ a GRAND RAPIDS, of ! a :;~ry;:~ ~:~f Marines Hear 'Mass as Japanese Guns Bark 25. Early in 1941, the 126th moved I ~;:; ~er~a~:ntLi~~ng;~~.~ ~edvo~~ Mass. , then moved to Australia, 1 where they ]anded in May of 1942. 1 Mr. English said he received a letter from Staff Sergt. William Zarafonetls of gervice company, written Sept. 16, but there was no mention of a move to New Guinea. He a1so heard about the same time from Capt. Edwin Henry of Grand 1Haven, who was also in Australia, and made no mention o! an expected move. I This letter :from First Sergt. Wester is the first word received here that Grand R'apids men are in the thick of the fig hting in 1 New Guinea. / 1 i I 1 While nearby guns bark and United States troops mop up Japs in the Mantanlkou river section, Cathollo fighting men kneel before an outdoor altar as FR. REARDON, marine chaplain, says Sunday mass �•·•• .,d2>c·· x· NOTCH A JAP BOMBEJ.t ~larked~ by a thin plume of smoke, a Japanese bomber plunges earthward a(ter having been blasted by mq.rine fighter planes over Guadalcanal. The plane crashed and exploded. (Marine photo.) Strange to American fighting men is the environment in which they find themselves at Port J.\,loresby, the vital allied base on the southern coast ot New Guinea. The natives, the customs and the land itself they may have read about or studied in school, but seeing them firsthand is a new experience. Sightseeing, however, is purely incidental. They have a job to do and they're doing it. �\Makes Direct Hit on Jap Ship With 500-Lb. Bomb , •• ~~-'/?.. Japs Battered In New Guinea ,.~,.'l... '- By DEAN SCHEDLER down in his DOok thus: "Mission SOMEWHERE IN NEW made- bombs in target area." GUINEA, Southwest Pacific (De(Gen. MacArthur reported two layed) ,(]p)-Boring through some enemy bombers were destroyed, of the stormiest weather yet en- two more probably destroyed and countered in the southwest Pacific, an anti-aircraft position knocked Flying Fortresses of Gen. MacAr- out by A1lied !'aiders in a \Surprise thur's command arssaulted Rabaul attack on the Japanese at Lae, in another pre-dawn raid and New Guinea. scored a direct hit with a 500-pound (Continued progress was reported <\.Hied Troops Win Strong, Moun ta in Positions in 'Apache Attack' (Bv United Press.) bomb on a big Japanese ship, the meanwhile by Allied forces drivin·g 1 11th enemy vessel sunk or dam- against the Japanese ·in the Owen aged there in two days. Stanley mountains. The enemy, (A Sunday communique from Al- fighting from prepared positions, lied headquarters in Australia iden- was using light a r tillery and mor- I tified this ship as a seaplane tender tars in an effort to halt the Allies.) \ of the 17,600-ton Nis'shin Maru - class and said it was believed to ---- have been destroyed. When last seen the vessel was reported ing great columns of flame and spout-1 black smoke.) FOLLOWS HEAVIER ASSAULT This attack followed a heavy assault the night before in which 10 ships, including a cruiser and de- Allies Lash at Japs' Lae Base in N,e w Guinea stroyer, were sunk or damaged at Rabaul in New Britain, used by the Japanese as their main supply base for their forces battling Americans at Guadalcanal in the Solomon island'S. The Allied bombers had to dodge over and under rollin·g thunderheads to get to Rabaul. Lieut. William Smith of H-onolulu piloted the first bomber to get there. His navigator, Lieut. James Buchanan of Holly Springs, Miss., said they made one run from a very low level. "I picked out the biggest ship in the ha1•bor," Buchanan said. "Smith made a diagonal run and 1 let go with our 500-pounders. From that string we got one direct hit amidships and the othcr'S were spaced enough to do lots of damage." Capt. Clyde Kelsey of Marlow, Okla., piloted another Fortress and his bombardier, Lieut. Joseph Howard of Bishop, Tex. , said its bombs caused fire aboard a ship followed by explosion'S, apparently from ammunition stores. "BOMBS IN TARGET AREA" Considering the weather, Maj. Elbert Halton of Clifton, Tex., squadron leader, said the raid would go l~ - ~3' -'t~ GEN. MAC ARTHUR'S JIEADQUARTER'S, Australia (Wednesday) (lP) Allied fighter pilots made a strafing attack on the Japanese base at Lae, New Guinea, yesterday, giving remote support to their embattled comrades on Guadalcanal, 900 miles to the southeast. The Allied formation destroyed three barges and silenced anti-aircraft positions at this important Japanese base, Allied headquatters said in announcing the raid in its noon communique today. One A111ed plane was missing. Northwest of Australia Allied medium b?mbers raided Dili, Portuguese Timar. · Allied troops have smashed into Japanese lines, capturing vantage points on the Kokoda trail, Gen. Douglas MacArthur reported Friday. Halted earlier by stiff Japanese resistance in the rugged Owen Stanley mountains south of 'the village of Alola, the allies staged • an "Apache charge" with bayo• nets. The screaming, charging in~antrymen, bayoneting their way 1~to the entrenched Japanese positions, broke the enemy's nerve cap• tured 20 soldiers and won se~eral strong points, Gen. MacArthur reported. ''We have not yet reached Aloia" a headquarters spokesman said "but we have removed strong Japanese defensive posts which have been impeding our advance. The Japanese forces routed were not necessarily a rear guard, be• cause they have been holding up the allies strenuously tor several days. It is believed that the Japa• ~ese suffered considerable casualties." From Alola the mountain trail plunges sharply down to the enemy s~rong point of Kokoda and the airfield tMre. A formation of allied bombers made two daylight sweeps over the enemy-held trail between Kokoda and Alola Thursday, bombing and strafing Japanese positions, including the villages ot Isurava and Abuari, north of Alola. I \D•~O-'fo:l., Jnps V se Truce Flags to Lure \ Yanks to Death, Navy Reveal~ One of the men walked over 1·o Washington-(!P)-An example of make the Jap a prisoner, but wh n Japanese treachery in the south he got within five feet of the f p Pacific warfare was made public by he was shot and killed. the navy Friday in releasing a disAgain several marine lan4ipg patch written by Sgt. Richard T. boats were entering a cove ~n Wright, a marine corps combat Florida 1s18.nd in the Solomolls correspondent. when a large white flag was seen Honoring a flag of truce borne by a Japanese officer, 28 of 30 marines waving from a tree on shore. Fire Returned. were massacred when they sought to take custody of "a bunch of The boats were maneuvered Japs" who, the sergeant said, were toward shore to investigate, but isolated on a nearby island and when they were about 150 yards from the beach the enemy opened wanted to surrender. As the 30 marines drew near the fl.re. "Fortunately we were ready and island they were met without warning by 11 a terrific burst from blasted them right back," related Sgt. Harry W, Schuler of Napa, several machine-guns hidden in the underbrush," Wright wrote. Calif. "They were mowed down like so Other treacherous acts attributed many stalks of corn," he added, to the Japs by Sgt. Wright included "except for the two escaped and the issuing of fake orders in English in night action, and the use of swam to safety." Sgt. Wright told of other in• "booby traps" which consist of a stances of Jap treachery conceived weapon or other apparently dis• around use of the white flag. carded article attached to a grenOn one occasion two United States ade which explodes when the ob\ soldiers on patrol duty saw a Jap ject is picked up or moved. on horseback waving a white flag. 1 "i �CH., TUESDAY, OCTOBER 27, Wasp loins Lexington, Yorktown at Bottom of Pacific -~ Wasp Officer - NEA Telephoto .f Sinking of the USS aircraft carrier Wasp, top, was announced by the navy Monday night. It was sunk by a 1'fi>anese submarine in the Solomons Sept. 15, sinking a few hours ffter the submarine had scored three mortal hits. Third United Stites aircraft carrier to be lost in the Pacl:flc, the Wasp, lower right, was ablaze from stem to stern before it sank to join the Lexington and the Yorktown at the bottom of the Pacific. CAPT. FORREST P. SHERMAN, Jell, was in command of the Wasp. Aussie Force Seizes Aiola lo· ~l•'r:),, - - - I Routs Japs After Stiff Contest in Jungles of New Guinea ( By LIEUT. COMDR. JOHN R. HUME, officer of the United State aircraft carrier Wasp, which was sunk in the Solomons battle Sept. 15, is on fur- lough at his home at Port Huron. Comdr. llume praised handling of the ship by Capt. Forrest P. Sherman and lauded work of medical officers, chalflains and other personnel in treating the wounded and get- ting them clear of the ship after word to abandon It had been ordered. GENERAL MAC ARTHUR'S HEADQUARTERS, Australia ,l (Friday) (IP)-New Allied gains -,.. on the ground in the moun' tain8 of New Guinea and a 6 Flying Fortress bombardment l'l of Bulnt on the southern tip ' or Bougainville island in the ') northern Solomon8 wer<" an- nounced t-oda~, by the Alllel hlg-h <'.ommand. In an attack last, nlg~t on th• ,Ja.pan~e naval base Buln. the Fortnsses straddled five unldPntlfted vessels with bombs. There was a heavy explosion on one ship as a result of the bombing. The bombers sped through anti-aircraft fire but encountered no aerial interception. I ,t Associated Press. ) In the ground fighting on New Guinea, it was announced Saturday that Australian troops have occupied Alola, seven miles south of the Japanese-held village of Kokoda, and forward elements are continuing the advance. The Japanese ' had offered stiff resistance in the Aiola region and ·held up the allied advance there for several days. This pocket of resistance was taken Friday in an attack at dusk after an allied flanking group attacked with hand grenades. A frontal bayonet assault completed the action and routed the Japanese. The capture of Aloia means that allied troops will be able to continue their drive in more favorable country. The Japanese apparently had established well-stocked strong points along the line of retreat where their men were expected to fight to the finish, dispatches from the front said. I �MARINES WHO TOOK TULAGI RECEIVE COMMUNION United States marines who partlcipated in wresting Tulagi island in the Sofomons from the Japs kneel on the sands of thf:' tiny island to receive Holy Communion from a Catholic chaplain. The battle rag8d shortly before this picture was taken. Now Tulagi is again a battle area. Allied Bombs Hit Jap Bases~ ').' MacArthur's Air,,, Force Sustains Its Attack on Islands GEN, MAC ARTHUR'S HEAD- QUARTERS, Australia (Monday) -(AP)-Continuing their methodical hammering at Japanese bases in the Solomon area, Allied bombers swept over Buin a.nd 1 Faisi for the fourth consecutive \ day Sunday, dropping 33 tons of \ bombs, Gen. MacArthur's headquarters announced today. Buin is a town at the southern Up of Bougainville island about 300 miles northwest of Quadalcanal. Faisi is a small island south of Bougainville. Seven ships were believed to have been sunk or damaged, the communique said, although ac- 1 curate observation of results- was l Stamping Division Tums Out Tools for War Machines Five freight cars are being loaded with machines for shipment to war production plants in this scene ln tht'I Grand Rapids Stamping Division plant of General Motors which ls producing at a record rate several types of vital machine tools. In the foreground the bed of a rugged vertical borIng mill Is OOing lowered onto a flat car. The mlll, used ln tank production, ls 110 large that two \ 0 -3,-'t-:i.._ freight cars are required to carry a. single machine. By building the critlcal boring mills not only for Jts own tank arsenal but for several other tank producers as well, together with the planers, other types of boring mills and drills, the stamping dlvislon's machine tool production activity has become an important phase of the armament ptorra1'1,, J dig~c:l~f our planes failed _to re-J turn. Continuing support of the action in the Solomons, two heavy coordinated night attacks were carried out by strong formations of heavy and medium A1lied bombers. The attacks were pressed home at low altitude in the face of intense anti-aircraft fire, the communique said. Medium bombers also attacked Lae on the northeast coast of New Guinea in early-morning dSJ'kness. One of our attack units was in· tercepted south of Lae by 20 Japanese Zeros. Three of the enemy fighters were shot down and one of our fighters failed to return. I �The Weather final Edition Colder • • • Pull U. S, Weather Bureau Report on Pa ge 2 FIFTY-EIGHTH YEAR PRICE GRAND RAPIDS, THREE CENTS MAC ARTHUR SHIPS; FLEET QUITS SG AREA -~ ,~ • 0 .... ~a~:idb::.1~;"';'.n es n orthwest of }uadalcanal and land forces have lestroyed a total of 12 J~panese ight tanks in action dunng the \Aussies Push. p ast 17~okOda 3 •a1~ ~~:\onference, Secy. Knox i:: - - -- \\- -'t-~ :::::;~::: f~~c~: t!~e s:O':::~~; rea have "met this onslaught a nd he skill with which t hese ~oJces ,ave been handled. They l a uperb job," he said. Bombers Smash Enemy's Attempt to Reinforce New Guinea Force ,;;:;ica!ec;;;~~r afs:ve~~:e anks on the island , a fact ~hie! tas not previoualy be:n ,:en ~~;t n navy announ cemen s. e as •d however t h at there was no eviie~ce as y~t o! a ny tank battle )etween t he opposin g tank forces. 'PURE SPECULATION" He described reports th at la:ge AJ;ied rn;r:~:::t~do:;;;• l Tuesday captured the Japanes 1 base at Kokoda after a gruelling drive over the o,.. en Stanle,• mountains in , I~:~~ Smash at Foe in Buin Raid •v NeW Guinea and continue to shove the Japanese troops towa rd their coastal base at Buna. Aware of the precarious posi- ~~~~~~t!~et~ J tw~~r!~~;~;:; 0 5 Jap Carrier Among Four Ships Hit by Jap Warships Withdraw as First Round of Guadalcanal .Fight Ends By INTERNATIONAL NEWS SERVICE WASHINGTON - Secretary of t e avy nox ec are n• ~:?at!~ tha~t:: ;i!~~e~ef :::tr~~t~: :~: ~~a!~~:a::]:e e"::; h N K d I d F . 0 :;!~~~~dt~: Js~~i-;eav~ :;~:rm1;:r~ \ ;~~ can bases as "pure speculation. carrying an estimated 7,000 sol'They could strike anywh ere, even diers, to Euna to bo1ster their reth 1t Alask a," he said, "but at is treating for ces, a11 allied communerely speculation ." nique said. th0 But regardless of where se Allied heavy bombers attacked th fo1·ces might next' appear th e secthe transports, escorted by a light t retary was certain batb e I cruiser, a destroyer and nine fightnaval u nits which have _een si . - ~ er planes, scoring many near ed near the Shor t.l and islands in \' misses and shooting down five of th e n orthecn Solomons A.11.d enemy I f' ht tOrcee w h ich -.rticlpated l n t he I the Japanese ig ers. I week•end battle some 400 'M~~ Bombers Strike Repeated y, n ortheii.et' 1t1f Guadalcanal (UWe Medium bombers attacked later, dropping bombs ,,vhich missed the e declined- to aaY Whether ~e transport only narrowly. The con,i,w-: aaa "'Wtthdra'Wft an the way voy withdrew, but the bombers lNl,.telt l h the mid-P aci.fie. struck again and scored a direct "'he f act t h e .Taps have wl th- hit on one of the transports and ""'11 the large naval u n its known near hits on both. One transport •ta ,.lu de baitleships and at leaSt was burning when last seen off o -aircraft carriers ~rom t~e Gasmata on the south coast of S,o1omons area is considered m New Britain, it was stated offiava.1 circles here as the most cia11y. beadentng news. from the south- The JapanPse landed first at west Pacific since the last phase Buna on Ju1y 2:1 .;. nd within two 1 of th• battle b~gan on Oct. 13• ,~-eeks had advanced 60 miles LD "EVERY · I NCH " across New Guinea to Kokoda. That American land forces de- , Backed by superior forces, the en ding Guadalcanal still occupy , Japanese fought their way through eveg inch of grounQ." they ever •'the gap" in the mountain range nti-olled strikingly reveals that and were facing allied troops at Jap attempts to blast the Ionba1wa, only 32 miles from Port lc8.Ils out of their positions Moresby, when alhed defenses st1f• lailed at the expense of tell- fened and finally started to ad~~s in ships, planes and men. van~ce back over the mountains to ::i~'t;~er military experts here Kokoda. i4', ni~ht warned against u ~- Along_ the road fr~m Kokoda. to e optimism over this victory m Euna, .1.ungle at?d rivers combine ..ftrst round," pointing out that to provide form1da~le natural obµte m enacing Jap forces have not sta:Ies to the aI11:s. and more been destroyed but inst~ad have easily defended pos1t_ions for t.l)e tir ed from the scene.' ~apanese, who are expected to 4, r~h ether that is for the pur pose [ight with everything a~ailable to of regrouping and striking again old the north New Guinea coast. at the Solomons or perh~ps at the American held bases m the New Hebrides or Fiji islands remains yet to be seen bu~ in a ~8:ttle f or such vitally strategic positions t Is not to be expected that th e Ja ps have withdrawn wi!h any idea o? suspending operations in u,Ja area. Further, it is emphasized t~at the :faps are known to have sizeable forces on Guadalcanal which they paid heavily to land there and it is certain they will not aba~don the positions they have gained there at the expense of such great losses. .:~r Americans Hold Island Pos·1t·1ons, Knox Says h ad" and that en em y naval forces h a v e retr eated f r om the Solom ons area after a severe a ir-sea b atterin g . Asserting t h at " we are getting s u p plies into the Solomons . • • there have been no interruption s in our com munications," the secretary stated "we are still in Guadalcan a l o ccu pying every inch of ground we ever controlled." ''There is practically a lull" in op erat ions, Knox said at his --1 weekly press conference. "There is no action on the surface t h e Solomons. Th e enemy has retired from the scene." - •FIRS'i' ROUND' ENDS "I'd say as a. figure of speech tha t t he fi rst round is over and they are waiting for the second round to start," he continued, but added that navy, marine a n d army airmen r t·n t· d Guadalca~a~ t:~/v~he::o~:s Inear :n~ ~!:~n"goitr sti!~r~~::n fig:!~ng :;; enemy.'' He refrained :from makin g any prediction!, however, as to when th e .!!leco n d rou n d might commence or what .th e outcome might be, merely limiting h imself to "I haven't any idea juS t what the next developme nt m ay be." Earlier in th e day th e navy revealed th at American land , sea and air forces defending the Solomon~ have damaged an additional WASHI NGTON V:P) - Secret a ry of t h e Navy Knox Friday su pported a statem en t made by W ar Secr etary Stimson t hat there Is complete co-operation between the a , my and na,•y in t h e Solomons area. "I want to say, qul t P u em• p h atically as I can," K n ox asserted, "that t h e army in ever y possibl e way is co-operatin g." T o back up t.hat stat em en t, h e quoted a r em ark by Under.. M>cr-etar y o f t he Navy Jam e!l!I V. Fo rresta l-"th e cl oser to t h e f r ont you get the closer t h e co-operation becomes." ' 1Th e a rm y a ir arm," h e said, "Is carr3·ln g on a vigorous of• f ensive a gainst the enem y." MacArthur Bombers GEN. MAC ARTHUR'S HEADQUARTERS, Australia, (Saturday ) UP)-Allied bombers probably dam• :!~~:: tf?~1~:ro~::~~:·:~~;: i:: 1 battleship, probably damaged still another cruiser and left an unident fl . i ed shtp ablaze in a raid on ~:~~•cedtht:da:1;,~gh comma nd anThe raid was the second in as many days on the Japanese-held harPor on the southern tip of :z 1~~!:~~ll;fs::sd ~; ::; fho;·t!C:s~ .damaging aerial blow announced recently in attempts to checkmate an all-out assault or the Japanese on Guadalcanal to the southeast of Buin. THREE ATTACKS Allied medium and heavu bomb.} ers delivered 1hree attacks last night on shipping concentrations at Buin. Twenty-seven tons o! explosives were dropped on the Nipponese vessels, "The first wave of heavy bombers scored two bits on a heavy cruiser or battleship," the communique said, "and placed other bombs very close to a light cruiser and an airplane carrier, probably causing extensive damage." Reports from medium u nits which made up the second wave have not been received. Heavy bombers formed the third wave. They set the unidentified vessel ablaze and also scored two possible hits on a destroyer. In contrast with Thursday night's raid by Flying Fortresses when no interception was enGountered, last ntght'A raiders drew an interception ,i_tt.empt by three Jap float planes but it failed . A small force or Allied medium bombers also delivered two at... tacks last night on Jap~held portions of the town of Dill!, on the north coast of Portuguese Timar. Results were not observed, Gen. MacArthur also announced that Allied troops pounding steadily at the Japanese in the Owen Stanley mountai ns of New Guinea have occupied Aiola, within eight miles of Kokoda, and Allied forward elemen ts are continuing their advance. Jap d estroyer in a new u. S. motor t orpedo boat a ttack, b.a_v en oft furl.her Jaj:, attacks: agai Aµier ican positions on GuadalcanalL,.__ _ _ _~ and repeat edly bbm bed and strafed enemy positions to ,\.he, west of th Amerl &lrflt!llL \L-----------------------------------": �PRICE THREE CENTS I 2 FRONTS; "ODA BASE MacArthur Stops Enemy Fall Back on Reinforcements at Buna Guadalcanal Japs Retreat Slowly Before Americans: Subs Down 7 Ships GEN. MAC ARTHUR'S HEAD- and they appeared to be ,till unQUARTERS, AU!~tralia (Tuesday) able to cope with the Australian --AJlied ground forces have reca:ir jungle :torces. tured Kokoda, chief inland base of A~~=i:ns cocr:~r:~~~e t:ai!ur!~: WASHINGTON (IP) A slow beyond Japanese retreat on Guadalcanal fru~trated a Japanese attempt to Kokoda. b1land wa:s announced Monday by land strong rein!oi-cements at Allied bombers 11urprised the .Jap- the navy, together with word that Buna, the 8trategic coastal ba.,e 60 anese convoy as it was attempting American submarines had sunk miles east ot Kokoda, the Allied to land troops near Buna. The con- ,uwen more enemy Bhips in the far command Rnnounced today. voy consisted of two large trans- Pacific. The mid-d11y communique told ports of approximately 12,000 and The Japanese withdrawal began how Allied bombers chased aw11y 10,000 tons, the communique s11id. Sunday (Solomons Island Time) the enE'my convoy and carried on a In the escort were a light cruiser after the Americans unleashed & running f\ght with it throughout and a destroyer, protected by nine battering assault by dive bomben, Monday, damaging two transports Zero flghten1. The attack started in Flying Fortre11ses, fighting planea carrying about 7,000 men by many midafternoon when medium bomb-- end a. small force of marines. The near hits and at least one direct hit en swept tn and scored medium marines crossed the Matinikau on one vessel. hits on both transports. river, attacked to the westward. The reinforcemente apparently Two bombs hit within 15 feet of and one wave of the devil-dogs were Intended to strengthen the one transport and two more bombs "made an advance of two miles hard-pressed Japanese forces in hit within 2:S feet of the other ves- with comparatively few casualtie.s," the Kokoda area. which have been sel. a communique said. pushed back steadily for l!leveral This attack was followed at dusk While Flying Fortres~e,i: sup.weeks from the south side of the by an assault ott the south coast ported thi8 thrust by hammering Owen Stanley mountains, where of New Britain with heavy bomb- the withdrawing foe, American their drive on Port Moresby bad ers, which scored a direct hit on fighter pfa nes and dive bombP-rs collapsed. one transport and many near hits strafed and hlasted at E"nemy poalThese troops. weakened by week1 on both. The Allied planes also tion:!I throughout the d11y. or jungle fighting, have offered heavily strafed both the transports ENEMY'S FIRE SILENCED su:slained resi.stance at only one and the escort vessels with ma"Enemy artillery fire waa • i• or two poJnUJ in their withdJ'awal chinf'-gun fl.re. lenced." the navy :said. Dul'ing thf! same day, naval fighting planes, Gumman "Wildcats," carried the attack to the Japanese base at Rekata. bay. They strated buildings, started a fire and destroyed :five enemy planes on the beach.• Heavy anti• airc1•aft fire damaged some ol the "Wildcats/' but all planes returned safely. the Japanese in New Guinea, and the retreating Japanese Allies on New Guinea KU 9 Ull\,\o Push Japs on New Guinea \ 1- \ \ • 't -'1- l_, MacArthur Forces Forcing Enemy to Northern Coast I GEN. MAC ARTHUR'S HEADQUARTERS (Wednesday) UP> Allied ground forces which captu1·ed Kokoda, advanced Jap base for the 111-falcd mountain thrust at Port Moresby, are continuing to push the Japs back toward the north New Guinea coast, the Allied high command announced today. The advance units now are approaching Oivi. Dilli harbor town on the north cout ~t Portuguese Timor, northwel!lt ot Australia, was attacked b two waves or Allied bombers .:hich found fires sl~ll b~rning from the previ•us days ra1d and started new ones in the town and wharf ar_e_as_._ _ _ __ I,. 4- .l.. GEN. MAC ARTHUR'S HEADQUARTERS, Australia (Fri~ay) UP)-The Alllcd ground fo1ces, which on last Sept. 29 began hur_l. back the Japanese from their ~np~roach to within 32 miles o~ Po~t Moresby, arc continuing their a vance beyond Kokoda toward ~he north New Guinea coa'St, th~ h~gh command said today. Ind1ca.~mg bitter fighting, the commun1~~e stated the troops were advancmg slc;t::- the second straight day, Allied bombers struck at ~he Japoccupied towns of M:3-ob1sse and Ailey in Portuguese T1_mor, to t~~ orthwest of Austraha, and ~alamaua, Jap base on the north shore o! New Guinea ab~ve the port of Buna toward wh1c~e t!~ Allied ground forces now a th~t:::;chbombcrs ret~~ned_ last i ht to the Buin-Fa1s1 at ea in northern Solomons where Mai Arthur's raiders already have sun f or damaged more than a score. o ships, including an aircraft carrier. ~h: GENERAL MAC ARTHUR'S HEADQUARTERS, Australia (Thursday) (JP)-Allied troops "swf'pt aside strong enemy re-I sistance" three miles west of Olvl in the New Guinea. jun• the \t) gles, "and a,re continuing ~ advance" aimed at Buna., the .,,.. Japanese coastal base which ls being pounded st-('adlly by Al~ Jied planes, a communique said ;:;e~=~::. sinking !even Jap ship!, damaged in recent forays in th• This toll was Jn addition to the t to~;'~. operating several miles beyond Kokoda, mid-way point across the 120-mile waist of New Guinea, the Allied troops were aided by their aerial artlllei·v whlch not only blasted nu"na. and Olvl, but ranged far up the coast to hit the subsidiary Japanese bases of Lae and Salamaua. These latter attacks ob,·lously were to hinder any Japanese att.empts to send sea.-borne reinforcements to Buna. Summarizing activities for th• day and a hal! which preceded these developments. the navy said American Bitcraft made fonr atb.cks on .Japanep;e positiom1 on Guadalcanal. Five Wildcats look on a. formation or 60 enP-my fight• er planes ~nd destroyed four of them without dam3.ge to them• selves. These four Japaneu plane!, and the five destroyed at Rekat& bay. brought the announced total ot enemy planes downed in the ftght,. inAmg inert1·chaenSolsoumbmona•ritnoes5,29,beslde• heavy damage inflicted on the Jbaapttalne esOectfl. e2e6t OJ~ athegrSetaetwas;at-~~ a I lands, which forced the enemy to withdraw at least temporarily from the critical struggle !or the Solomons. The communique reporting the bag oC American subroarine'ff did not di~elo5e the, ar~ft of the op~ra• lions beyond the term "Far Ea.st-ern waters," but the navy'a 1tatement tha.t "these actions have not been Rnnounced in any previous : navy department communique" 1n• dicated th11.t the submarine acttvity wns not a direct part of the -------------1So~~: 0 in ::i::t;!:~k: probably action~ wfl!tl within thft zone of Ja.pa• ne.se control in the west PaciAc, were two large tankers, a. large passenger.cargo ship, two mediumsized and two small cargo . ships. One of Japan's converted aircraft carriers was damaged and set afire, and the submarines also _dam8:ged a destroyer and a medmm-s1zed Japs in Guinea Still Retreat \l..=:t..::.l:.~ Allied Army Advances Six Miles Beyond Captured Kokoda (By Associated Ptt11.) The allied army in New Guinea Wednesday pushed nearly six miles beyond Kokoda, inland Japa .. nese base captured Monday, a~d ts approaching the village ot O1vl on tl)e road to the important Japanese coastal base at Buna, Gen. Douglas MacArthur's headquarters announced. Th.e retreat ot the Japanese to• ward Buna is continuing, the communique sald. There apparently ls little fighting. There ls a narrow road leading from Kokoda to Buna and the allied supply problem now ls eased because Kokoda has a small airfield permitting the land• Ing ot ,upply planes trom Port Moresby, main allied base in New Guinea. Timor Bue Fired. Although under almost daily at• tack by allied bombers, the Buna garrison has been supplied by barge and larger ships from the Japanese bases at Lae and Salamaua, farther north on the New Guinea coast. and from Japaneseheld New Britain. ~e most recent attempt to reinforce the garrison was frustrated Monday, however. While the ground forces under Gen. MacArthur's command pu~sued the retreating Japanese m New Guinea, his bombers con• tinued their support by raiding the Japanese-occupied town and _dock areas of Dilli in Portuguese T1mor, northwest of Australia, and found fires still burning from the ~aid of the previous day. New fires were started. ta;~~:· was the first summary by the navy of its submarine opera• Uons in the Pacific since Oct. 14, and it brought the total score_ of American undersea craft agamst the Japanese to 86 ships sunk, 20 probably sunk and 27 damaged, a total of 133 sunk or damaged. In the Solomons battle, the navy has announced the sinking of 12 Japane'Se ships, plus three probably sunk and 16 damaged, principally by land-based or carrier-based 9:trcraft, against 16 American ships sunk and at least three damaged. American forces also have destroyed at least 520 Japanese planes in the So_l_om_o_n•_·_ _ __ \ �\\:'- · '!l New Guinea Enjoyin9 Boom in Grass Skirts ~llied Troo~ Meet\ S t~b'hg Re,utance ln Guinea ..4lvance Gen. ti!~~lt":h=iir's NEW YORK (INS) - Aus- tralian command announced Sat• urday that the allled troops which have J>Ushed the Japaiiese back mor~ than half way across New Guinea from their dtjve on the Port More!iby base had ;encountered strong resistance nor Oivi. Allied bombers for the tlllrd successive day raided enemy~occupied towns in Portuguese TimOr. north· west of Australia, dropping explosives on barracks and supply installations and starting several fires. e· : _••• the demand for grass skirts that Australians and Americans require to send home ae Christmas presents." This new form of boosting local industry bids fair to put the New Guineans in the higher income tax brackets. They get from 30 cents for an ordinary grass garment to $1.50 for a really fancy one. I .. ,. .... .<Tb.PONAPE ·•; H·.)-~~ GUADALCANAL has many of the same problems of supply and reinforcement that contrib• uted to the defeat of the defenders of Wake island and Bataan, but has the advantage of being near to several united nations south Pacific bases, links in the supply chain from America. ~ARSH.ALL ISLANDS ::_: "...._ ~WOTJE *' JALUIT Pacific Ocean ·/ Qt_MA~IN GILBERT_ISLAll:fDS •,:...' • ELLiCEIS. NEW Noumea Australia, 1,100 miles away, and Hawaii, 5,000 miles, are two main supply bases for Guadalcanal . The Japs-as is usually the p-·2 ,vith the axis-have shorter SllP• ply lines for the battle of Guadalcanal. From their main production front in Japan, it is only 3,500 miles against our 7,500 from the United States. Even closer-at , Truk'-the Japs have a great supply Ibase for naval and land operaItions, 1,300 miles away against our ' 5,000 from Hawaii. i CALEDONIA At close range the Japs are at Lae, New Guinea, 1_000 miles away; at Rabaul, New Britain, 650 miles; and at Bougainville, !~~!Guadalcanal. ;~~s, ~~frwi~~f!h~~~ 0 "Norfolk t. Girls, If you get a grass skirt from that doughboy, satlor or marine out in the Pacific as a Christmas present, you'll know he's in New Guinea or somewhere near there. The Australian radio lifted the veil today. As CBS recorded the broadcast, the New Guinea natives "are working overtime to supply ~~l~; 1 of It is these nearby enemy bases that are the targets of swarms of allied bombers operating from New Guinea and New Hebrides fields. United States flyers have also won air superiority over Guadalcanal, but to hold it must have reinforce• ments in fighter planes and divebombers as well as long-range heavy bJ'mbers. 1 The big jobs-the Flying For• tresses-can hop to Guadalcanal from Australia, New Guinea or New Caledonia easily. But only Milne Bay, New Guinea, and Es• piritu Santu, our New Hebrides base, are within range of fighter planes carrying _e xtra gas supplies. i Otherwise it is up to aircraft carriers to bring in the smaller planes, and the United States has ·a lready lost one carrier. in the Solo• mans and had another damaged. NewZealanc/Sea TASMANIA Pacific Ocean To keep 'em flying, Guadalcanal's planes need oil and gas, ammunition and bombs - all ot which must be brought In by vulnerable tankers and supply ships. These vessels must run the gantlet in waters infested by Jap submarines and other enemy naval vessels. Food and ammunition for the troops holding the Guadal• canal airfield also come by sea. ""'-----='-------.,..=------'------@--' encircled Unlike Bataan, Guadalcanal Is not · by the enemy. Unlike · ::J;, !1'.:'er!!!~eh::~o!~ ';;c!.,~; - - - - - - - - - -lAPS' ADVANTAGEShorter supply lines give the laps . , ~vantage In the battle of Guadalcanal, bnt nearby U. S. bases like the New Hebrides, FIJl lalands, New Guinea, New Caledonia, New Zealand and Australia make our reinforcement problem much easier thall It wu at Bataan. Bottom map shows how Japs held supply line edge In battles of Wake and Bataan, as well as at Guadalcanal. the supply lines a,:e open, though Jong_ and because we went into the Solomons prepared for the risk ~nan~ff:j[;;/ci/.~i• will hold. i~~ii'c::i �11- -.. Crash in Florida Kills. G. R. flier if"._ -- Plan Military Funeral Sunday for Army Flyer Military funeral services will be held at 2:30 Sunday in Sullivan's chapel for 2nd Lieut. C. Ario Chriitensen, 22, army air force bombardier, who was killed Monday ·in a crash near Gardiner, Fla, The body will arrive at 8:20 Saturday night. Officiating will be Rev. L. B. Niles, pastor of Burton Heights Methodist church, of which Lieut. Christensen was a member. Former classmates at South High school will be bearers. Burial is to be in Rosedale Memorial park. He was a son of Mr. and Mrs. Fred Christensen, 246 Griggs-st., S. E. Members of Custer post, Veterans of Foreign Wars, will be in charge of the military rites. The body will be accompanied on the way here by a fellow-officer from the air force. · 11-'t-'1- ,_ Local Officer Plane Victin1 Parents of 2nd Lieut. C. Ario Christensen, 22, of the army air force, were informed Tuesday of their son's death in a crash near Gardiner, Fla., Monday and told the body \.VOUld be sent to the Sullivan mortuary here. No ,vord as to the time of arrival was given. Lieut. Christensen, a former South High bask~tball player, and Junior College student, st~ed training with the air for(~ in I T)le c;._;; ~-,l'~rmy airplane Monday near Gardiner, Fla., took the life of a Grand Rapids youth, Lieut. C. A. Christensen, 20. His parents, Mr. and Mrs. Fred Christensen of 246 Griggs st., SE., were Jlotifled Tuesd1ty of his death. The body was shipped to th Sullivan Funeral Home here, but late Wednesday the parents had had no word when it would arrive. Lieut. Christensen attended South high school and Junior college here and star.tea his air force training last March. He was commissioned a second lieutenant last Sept. 7 at the air field at Albuquerque, N. M., and classified as a master bombadier. A furlough home here 10 days ago was cut short when he was called back to duty. Lieut. Christensen was a member of Burton Heights Methodist church. Besides his parents, a brother, Vern, survives in Johnstown, Pa., and his grandparents, Mr. and Mrs. Ole Christensen. I ( LIEUT. C, A, CHRISTENSEN, March of this year and ,vas graduated from the field at Albuquerque, N. M., last Sept. 7. He was commissioned then as a bombardier second ]ieutenant. He had been a member of Burton Heights Methodist church in Grand Rapids. His father, Fred Christensen, 246 Griggs-st., S. E., is a railroad engineer. 1 Besides the parents he is survived by one brother, Vern, in Johns • town, Pa., and his grandparents, Mr. and Mrs. Ole Christensen. Lieut. Christensen was one of six flyers killed in the accident Monday. • Obituaries CHRISTENSEN-Lieut. C. Ario Christensen, aged 20, of 246 Griggs '5t., SE., passed awa.y Monday near Gard· ner, Fla. SurYiving are the parents, Mr. and Mrs. Fred Christensen; one brother, Vern of Johnston, Pa., and the grandparents, Mr. and Mrs. Ole Christensen. Lieut. Christensen will a.rrlve late Saturday evening and will be taken to the , Sullivan Funeral Home, Inc., where funeral services will be held Sunday afternoon at 2:30. Interment In Rosedale Memorial park. Rev, L. B. Niles officiating. Military Services 11 ·1 ·t"for Army Flier Here 1 Military funeral aervlcel!I for Lieut. C. Ario Christensen, 22, army air force bombardier who was killed Monday will be held Sunday afternoon at 2:30 In the Sullivan funeral home. Burial w111 be in Rosedale Memorial park. Lieut. Christensen, son of Mr. and Mrs. Fred Christensen of 246 Griggs st,, SE., was killed whE'n a plane crashed near Gardiner, Fla. He was a former student of South high scho61 and his former classmaters will be pall bearers. The military rites will be undP.r , auspices of the Custer post, Veterans \ of Foreign Wars. • �r r Nestled amid palms and the luxuriant vegetation of the New Guinea jungle, this village near Port l\Ioresby learns there's a war going on when United S tat es Negro soldiers occupy it, -----------\0 -30- I'---. f}eneral CJJouglas :Jr{ac_A.rtbur '\ en Japan aunched the attack against our island possessions in the ;)ac fir the eommander of the armed forces in the Philippines was Gr-n r Dou .,.las ).lacArthur-a brave leader-a man who is a symbol Ar. eric.1'-s fighting spirit. Th· oug 1 his courage and leadership, American and Filipino troops v; · 01e a glonous chapter in our history by their heroic defense of Bataan pcuinsula-a stand which disorganized Japanese plans and g ve Amcric:-'l and her allies much needed time to build up their t er th. • successful was GenP.ral MacArthur in the Philippines t 1at he wns de"'Pd o proceed frorri Bataan to Australia and was placed in supreme c·ornmand of all l nlted Nations forces in the far Pacific. His worL of 1,ropbccy upon his arrival in Australia will long be r-"mct :>ered- ''l came through and I shall return." That General Mac \rthur was well qualified is recognized by a glance at his backrou d of tra n ng. He was born January 26, 1880 in Arkansas-son of a soldier father, Lieuten int General Arthur MacArthur, who also commanded in the Ph lipp1 cs, and organized the Philippine Scouts. ,,uglas MacArlhur graJuated from the r"nitcd States Military Academy 1 1 l03, nd was commi"'-"'-ioned a Lieutenant in the J<~ngineers. Bv 1} 5 he had adva ced to the rank of Major and had served in the Ph1hppme, in Japan, a1d t e Vera Cruz expeC: io1 of 19 4 ~;. was a member of the Gener~! >ltaff from 1913 to 1915, and aga n rr m 1 16 to .917 In p, 1 )17 "£ I "'Wing the heginn.ng of tho first world war he was ap t d c h cf of Staff with he 42nd Rainbow Division, with the rank 01 ( 01, nc Was made Com nande of the 84 1 h Infantry Br •ade ,n Au •ust, 1918- b1• n the follo\\ mg Novem:)€ returned to the 42nd Division as its 011mana r ,v h h div s on '-ie fought on the Champa ne front in the offrnsive ~t Mihicl the Meusc-Arg nne and the Sedan. He was wounded we [Jenera/ :A{acA rthur • ilv will like, and one that wil 1mr,ortant nutritive values. "!' 'Vitamin C as well as calcium , supplies protem for body n are a good energy food. ~M •otawes �r•n;~:.;rnrm '™ • P, . . - · I' PRICE TEN CENTS :iALLIES FR ONT ·u. s. FoA.f rica l ,·,, Move Forestalls Axis; Eisenhower Is Leader oken Aris rces Flee l\ -&-- .•1--~ 100,000 of Rommel roops Stampede oward Libya Line By ASSOCIATED PRESS he remnant of the .shattered s African a1·my, with perhaps ,000 of its 140,000 f1•ont line ef.. tives 1·eported either captured trapped, fled westward toward ya Saturday night in a desper~ effm·t to avert total disaster merciless liquidation by Allied nes, guns and tanks. . he Axis' chances of escapJJ1g er destruction in Egypt grew mer by the hom·. Already the CAIBO f events e are 50 an and (.:'F)-The movement in the Egyptian batrapid that some GerItalian soldiers a1·e ving difficulty falding any- ody who has time to take hen1 prisoner. One Ia1:ge pa1·ty o:t Germani vertaken at an advance airase asked RAF inen to take hem I>l'isone1·s, but were told they were too busy. "itun off and get captured by somebody with more time to spare," an RAF officer said. rmans had been driven 102 miles yond Matruh, halfway to Libya, d the announced bag of 20,000 isoners mounted. . Six Italian divisions numbering 000 men were by-passed and left 'hind by the running Germans. hey bad little food, water or am.. unition and were waiting only r a chance to surrender. President Broadcasts Plea to French; British Aid in Thrust Pvt. Davis ·with By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS 126th in Guinea The United States and Britain Sunday opened the long awaited second front by large-scale landing operations in French African colonies both in the Mediterranean and on the Atlantic coast. At the same time President Roosevelt broadcast a message to the French people, calling upon them to aid in the campaign which was described as a move to "forestall an invasion" by Germany and Italy. The landing took place in the early morning hours of Sunday (African time) and was carried out both at points in the Mediterranean and on the Atlantic coast. It came as the British army was pursuing and hacking to pieces Marshal Erwin Rommel's. Africa corps in the Egyptian desert and no . doubt was timed to coincide with the Egyptian debacle. Rommel now has Allied forces both to the front and to the rear of his hard-pressed forces. TO "FORESTALL INVASION" Edit~,',; &;iot.?';vt. Ray W. Davis, 19, son of Mr. and Mrs. R. C. Davis of Riverside ave., NE., attended Creston high school. He left Grand Rapids with the national guard'S in October, 1940, and was stationed at Camp Livingston, La., until the spring of 1942. At this time he was sent to Fort Devons, Mass. In April, 194~, he went t0 California to ship to '.Australia. His parents have just received word from J:im at New Guin.ea, where he 1s seeing active service. Defense Editor: You ought to be down here, . we have palm trees, cocoanut trees and banana trees. Not to mention crocodiles and snakes. The natives down here loo~ just like the "fuzzy-wuzzies" y~u see in the movies. Big bushy hair, beads, bracelets and all the fixings. It sure is warm here! It gets way past the· hundred mark in the shade. All we wear are ~horts and a hat. At night we change to l_ongs because of the malaria mosqmtoes. We go swimming in the ocean when we can, but have to be care- The White House announcement said the operations against the French colonies were undertaken to 14forestall an invasion" of Africa by Germany and Italy. The French government was informed of the action and told that "the Allies seek no territor}' and have no intention of interfering with friendly French authorities in Africa." The operations were carried out by the navy, army and air forces, supported by units of 1.he British navy and the RAF. Lieut.-Gen. Dwight D, Eisenhower,. commander of U: S, forces in Europe, is commander-in-chief of the,operaijqns. fu~o~fn s~:l'l~!~ head through t?i's jungle I'm going to hire a nat~ve to carry my pack. You can hire one for a handful of food; and can trade them a bright button, o~ a piece •of bright cloth, for anythmg it I~e~~~sn't pay to worry about us, as everyo~e is wonderful to us. We're really the fair-haired boys. PVT. RAY W. DAVIS, Somewhere in New Guinea. - - - -- l from_ Was and London. The President dellvered t ,pge In French: !'.He1p us where you are a trt,?nds, and we "Bhatt ..... the glorious day when· Ube peace shall reign ag8.in on "Vive la France eternelle The President asked the·F "Do not obstruct, I beg o this great purpose." Mr. Roosevelt declared t : k ~ ; th~u~':,'.'i:',~ Fhrnce in l9I8" and held life the deepest friendship r French people. ''No two nations exist," ha 1-----,---:-;--,-,---,---,--=...,-,,m"':lll ''which are more united by h answer to its attempts to "fish "'1d mutually friendly ties th ~~~o;:a!~o~~ae~ !~1~:gc~i~~~~ft ::r:."of France and the MOBE COMING oys escrtrted by warships musterThe White House announcement at the Rock of Gibraltar in said the United States forces in, wlth'lrlestdli, J'ranch au~~ lnling recent days, the immediate future would be Africa.n YANKS FROM BRIT<UN . inforced by · "a considel,'able nllJ:D,,, The goveI'nment of France and The troops apparently were some bei~ti:u~ri:~seh st;rc;e!t~~~lhe its people and the French posses-jOf those which have been concenPl'imary purpose of the operatlonat sions, the announcement continued, ~rated in the British Isles for s.o,r,e was t;. prevent an Axis invasion have been requested to co-ope:- time, itching for action as ~ ~• 'With and assist the Ameri- ei:it through .t~e final stages o of the colonies, it also declar can; e'Xpedition °in its effort to heir battle trammg, for they wen, they would "provide an effect! second front assistance to our repel the German and Italian in- omma~ded by Lieut. Gen. Dwight teniational criminals, and by so E1senpower, commander-In heroic Allies in Russia." doing to liberate France and the hief in the _European thea.t PURPOSE TWO-FOLD French empire from the Axis hose headquarters had been tn · The W11ite House statement sa.id yoke." ritain. , the purpose of the move was two- 4 'MAJOR EFFORT" Eisenhower broadcast a message fold: 0 1. To forestall an Axis invasion Witheut specifying the exa~t fri~~e 0 ~e~~~ealr°fof ~~eenC:re~~~~. there which "would constitute a 'points where the powerful Ameri- . ssuring them that "we come cl.irect • threat to Ame1·ica across c&n _force had disembarked, . !he jtmong you solely to destroy your the comparatively narrow sea announcement . said the ~xped1tion ~nemies and not to harm you" ~nd from western Africa." "Will develop mto a maJor effo~·t .ssued a proclamation insti·ucting 2. To provide "an effective· sec- by tbe Alliet ;atio~: ~~l~e ~: ;hem how to co-operate. ond fronti assistance to our hel'oic ar~:mn: the planned To si_gnify co-operation, the gen~ allies in Russia." th at th ey fly . the Thus the Axis had an emphatll, German and Italian invasion of ~r~l dire~ted Atrl<?a. and prove the first historic ~ i ench tri-color and the American t to· th l"be tion and restora- l~g, one above the other, o_r two 1 ep e n-colors by day and shme a ton of France. .,earchlight vertically into the sky by night. He also directed French naval and aviation units to 1·emain idle. Eisenhower's message indicated that the troops were pouring ashore in Morocco, which has both Atlantic and Mediterranean.shores, / and the remainder Qt' ]fdnch North Africa 'fltltich eomprts~ :Algeria and Tunis on the Mediterranean. Landings .also presumably were being made in the french Wes Aftlcan colonies, including ·senegal, whose capit_al ot Dakat lies only 1,870 miles across the South Atlantic from the bulge of Bra'.zil. The announcement gave no details ot the composition of the troops and their equipment, for obvious mllitary reasons, but said that they were equipped with "adequate weapons of warfare" and that they would, "in the im• mediate future, be reinforced by a considerable number of divisions of the British army." There was no doubt that the expeditions were made in heavy force with tanks, artillery and all the accoutrements of modern warfare for this new and promising phase of the conflict. FRENCH INFORMED The President's statement wen on to say that the French gave ment and people had been infor.r';·· of the purpose of the Americe1 J editio aa h-.,,........._._ r.., thi~:e g!~! can't call me "Squirt" any more. I am now six feet tall and weigh 185 pounds, or 13 stone and three pounds, as they say Simultaneously with the presidential statement, the Houae made public a R radio recording which was ct.It tonight to the French rn: =~:!!.~f ~~ ! ,;a by ..hortwave ':t;,e ~ FUTURE' hnerlca:n.s, with the assi FOB = df the United Nations, Mr. [ a::ed, ~~~:/t;i:i~e;;ror :;e::, 0 0 0 : ~ t':,e ~e1!~c~';,,"c~s~/~~ who have lived under the tr! uw8 come among you to r the cruel invaders who woul mov.e forever your rights of government, your rights to reli freedom and your rights to your own lives in peace and s ity. "We come among you sole defeat and rout your enemies. tafth in our words. We do not to tausa you any harm. ''We assure you that once menace of Germany and Ital removed from you, we shall 1 ,;r ::~~;{al~go~e;our real to your self-interest and nati, ideals." �GRAND RAPIDS, MICH., MONDAY, NOVEMBER 9, 1942 PRICE T~REE CENTS URRENDERS TO U. S.; YS FLEET IN ACTION *** • ,n *** Africa More Landings ;Are Made by U.S. Troops French Offer Little Resistance to Yanks ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN FRENCHNORTHAFRJCA (Monday)-(AP) -Lieut. Gen, Dwight D. Eisenhower today established advanced frontllne headquarters under the com• mand of his deputy, Maj. Gen. Mark Clark. A small moblle Threaten Jap a t BUlla B\ase \ _4 \ ~ Huge Air-borne Allied Forces Hack Path Tliroug h Jung Ie Somewhere in New Guinea-(JP) -Green-clad Arn.erican doughboys carried into the midst of Japanesecontrolled territory in probably the great'est air-borne infantry movement of history, hacked their way through dense New Guinea jungle Monday to within striking distance of the enemy's base at B~e~~- Douglas MacArthur's comd th A 1 : : ~ I~:an~~;~~~ceand !~str:it:~ veterans had penetrated to the Buna area after being transferred "You and your co d _ with the hopes and m~an sail America. For month piayers c,f planned, trained ands yo:T hav~ 1 yourselves for the great ~in toned GodspeE:d to your succ sk ahead. co~1plete confidence in ;~~r hav~ ship and in the ago-ressiv fl ead_f't quality of your tro~ps." e ghting Just how ma peditJon had be;: months the exspecified but 1·t planned was not kept until th s secret was closely bower's unifl : zero hour. EisenIestablished ;'so~mmand itself was said a war d ~t months ago," que earJy in t~~aid ment co.mmuninot be made publfc~Y, but 1t could fr~:n~u:!~~:fh~:.~e\~~d~i~~~~~:~ said the general situation was unchanged in the Buna area where Australians are making a front'al attack at Oivi, approximately 50 miles south of BUJ1a. The com.munique told of widespread allied air attacks on Buna, _Oivi, Salamaca on the New Gumea Coast, ~asmata on New Britain, Maklo island off the southwest New Britain coast, and Koepang in Timor. Ferried by huge transport planes to a natural landing strip, even bringing their jeeps, the Americans and Australians pushed afoot across the Owen Stanley mount?,_ins on a trail seldom used by whtte men. I f l I ~i:J!i:!abl:,~fl~an~!!m~~~; I edT~:~o~~u~~~~~ !;:~:~i!~~• rt Tr: .ap-1 enf ::~:fl Allied Forces Also Occupy Another Isle Near New Guinea ;~::s1e f:t~~i~ 1 in the knowledge that "the Jfopes and prayers of America" sailed with them, in the words of General George C. Marshall, chief of staff. !1:s~r~;~f~~~v:n~t and Algiers on the Mediterranean under plans long laid 8.I'ld With h t th t nounced Sunday night - "and other w~r;YF1~e~~~g resi:~~c:i:ed to deal landings continue.'' Disclosure of the· present part Further, said a communique, "the played by Doolittle, who led the lack of resistance encountered at most of the North African beaches" indicated that the French there "had no desire to oppose the entry of American troop's." la;"t1! :t~!~ ~:~h ~nygo AamsteAripcarn,.I, ,bvoams bmera·dera ind 0 1 1 "Our naval forces are in control," ~:!~l~~-ii;hi!;~enhower as comthe communique declared after noting that only the French navy units, LANDING COMl\lANDER commanded by British-hating AdCommanding the West African miral Jean Darlin, appeared to be landing is Major General George contesting the advance of the sub- S. Patton, colorful armored corps stantial American force upon which / commander who bears the se1·vice rests a hope of striking decisively nic~name of "Old Blood and Guts.'' at the point where the Axis appe"ars MaJor General Lloyd R. Fredenmost vulnerable in this global war ~all commands at Oran and Ma_ the European shores acroiss the Jor General Ma~·k ~- Cla1·k, depMediterranean from North Africa. 1ty ~~mmander-m-c~1ef, and Rear AIRFIELDS OCCUPIED mdamnduearl. HA.llKfl.vHe eawr1ett,1·nnatvhael1·rco4mo•s- I GENERAL MAC ARTHUR'S HEADQUARTERS, Australia, Sunday (jp) American combat troops are in action near Euna vit~l Jap base on the no1·th Ne..;. Gumea coast, Gen. Douglas MacArthur disclosed today. Simultan.eously, General MacArthur disclosed that the Allies have occupied Good Enough island to the northeast of New Guinea off <ioHYJ~ood bay, fo an ob;ious ~nking movement. It was from Buna, in mid sum~er hat the Japanese began a dfri ~ s s tortuous trails of the "tttanley mountains which cpr•'4 tp within 32 miles of Port ::!Jflrllb)c., Allied base on the south -b41.f9re _it was stalled. Late fp1. Sf.ptt;mbcr the Allies began .enj1 liag, and infiltration movements '1h1 h T01led the Japs back and ~turd y'.s communique had mentlo n;d ~jtter fighting at Oivi, which 1, 5... miles south of Buna. "Ai:nertean ground troops m force, transported by air from Austi·alia during the last month, have penetrated central and northe1·n Papua to the vicinity of Euna,'' a communiq!:!_e stated. "The Allied forces now control all of Papua except the beachhead in the Buna-Gona area." The surprising development came as a thrust around the eastern end of New Guinea from Milne bay where Jap troops landed in ~uly enly--to b~ pinned aplnst tlie I •n.~ s~ain or forced to theft' ships./ Units from Milne bay." ~ communique said, "hav~ now· completed clearing remr1:ant~ ef ·hostile forces from the. islands to the north and have ot:cupied 8.djacent strategic points." While this disclosure was being made, Austrtlian ground forces still were ieeting fierce resistance at Oivl where the retr~attng Japs are ma ing a stand. Today's communique (Said the Australians maintained cbnstant pressure and were resorting to their hitherto successful tactics of local encircling movements in efforts to dislodge the defen~d_e_rs._ _ _ __ <Jwe~: ~vh:~r it=~~~t~e~~re~nnn~~jocre~!~~ erals commanding in the three African theaters under Lieut. Gen. "Several important airfields have or early 50's. been oc_cupied by the United States At the same time the war departarmy air forces and the Royal Air ment announced that Lieut. Gen. .E.orce," the communique said, add- Frank M. Andrews, who had heading that the Rangers, hard-bitten ed the Caribbean defense comAmerican version of .the British mand, was given command Nov. "The establishment of the All" d Commandos, are taking part. 4 of United States forces operat~or~e ~eadquarters has marked ;~e Navy losses were listed as two ing with the B1·itish in the Midt~gmning of the offensive phase •lf small ships sunk in Oran harbor die East, which includes Iran, N:ti:n~r,.on tthe part of the Unitfid and one transport damaged. Iraq, Egypt, Syria and Palestine. clared ',.u 't e communique <leThe men aboard this transport; Andrews, an air force officer, (E · m Y of command in this under an unidentified commander displaced Major General RusselJ , uropean) th eater has long been "who refused to be idle" even L, Maxwell, an otdnance officer ~.uged by bo th British and Ame though his ship had been torpedoed, who was sent to that -theater on ~caasn leaders. That this comman~1· took to their landing craft and, the eastern side of Africa months for some time been a realit ', ~ome hours and 120 miles later, ago when the problem of amassing could not be released to the p b/ landed at their objective Sunday supplies there was the dominant beginning of the pre~et~~ morning. /problem, rather than actual flght-1 The operation opened at 9 THE COMMUNIQUE ,ng operations. (Eastern War Time) last ~j The communique, No. 234, said: Lieut. Gen, George H. Bre!t, w~o ;~hen t~e _troops started ashore fnd HNorth Africa: _commanded United Na.tio?s 8.11· e thril_hng news was broken to ''1. Landings by United States ~ s in the southwest Pac c . : th e public at that hour in an an.fl"\ _., on the Atlantic and Me'diter~ til las summer, succeeded Auctie:11~ ~~~ncemcnt from the White Hou:3e il'i.~'eh-m::t;tqrrerr,,y'tne---amt:etr in the Caribbean command, retarna war department communiStates army air forces an_d the , ing an air force ~n th.at wide a nd que. Royal Air Force. Ranger umts are vital theater which mcludes the of announcement's description i - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' I participating in the operation. Panama Canal. e expedition as a "powerful "3. The lack of resistance en- MARSHALL SENDS WISHES countered at most of the beaches Marshall sent a message to EisAmerican force" made it evidcn indicated that the French armed enhower as the big expeditionary ~hat Jt was _equipped to deal with forces in North Africa had no de- force left the British Isles which d:; ncRh resistance, although Presisire to oppose the entry of Amer- [os~ajl idL;_:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _J 1 ooseveJt and Eisenhowe ican troops into this tenitory. pealed to the French f r "4. The forces that landed during tion. or co-operathe night and early hours this .confident ~ttitude was apparmorning are advancing rapidly, and befo~; ththe national capita!. Eve,1 other landings continue. Resistance • t· e report came of the bre:i.k ppears to have been confined mainin re 1a 10ns with Vichy it ly to navy and coast defense arl erally understood th t' th was g~ntillery. Owing to the confused naAmerican attit d t a e offtcia! ture of the fighting, precise results t u e oward a formal rup ure would be one of indiffcrare not known, ence. Con~ressional JeadP.rs ex"5. Our naval forces are in conpressed satisfaction at the mTt , trol and suffered no losses, except 1 1 undertaking. aty for two small ships which entered Ft·ench. North African garrisons Oran harbor. e~t:rnated authoritatively but "6. During Saturday, one of our cia Y here at some 100 000 transports was torpedoed and distroops, indifferently equipped ' d abled. Our troops aboard, under a lar~ely lacking the mechani:~d commander who refused to be idle eqmpment which has played such during the operation, took to their _!. big _part in the British desert light Ian.ding craft and continu d f Nearing·Buna toward their objective 120 miles away, landing there this morning." DOOLITTLE IN COMMAND Brigadier General James H. (Jimmy) Doolittle of Tokyo fame is commanding the air forces which supported the American doughboys in their landings. Clark, WASHINGTON OP> - American forces smashing forward by land, sea and air along the shores of French Africa "are advancing rapidly,'' the war department an- I U. S. Troops ~/ cp~t, I ~•a I I j 7 �Battle Rages \\-~·'1-J... Retreating Japs Make Stand at Oivi, Fight Grows Decisive Gen. Douglas MacArthur's com• mand in Australia reported Tues• day that allied forces in New Guinea had inflicted heavy casual· t ies on the enemy in enveloping a J apanese position behind Oivi, 55 miles south lof Buna, Nipponese s upply base. . . Raking the enemy with maclune• gun fire and dumping loads of bombs on communication lines, allied fighting planes worked closely with ground troops, Gen. MacAr• thur reported. ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN FRENCH NORTH AFRI CA UP)The city of Algiers surrendered at 7 P. m. (3 p . m. EWT) Sunday night to the attacking American forces, paving the way for occU• pation of the surrounding defense area. The armistice at Algiers was negotiated by the French garri• GEN. MAC ARTHUR'S HEAD- :t~7n:e s~~;~. ~~t~~o1;:;~i:: ;~;~;a:f \ t heir farthest advance across the Owen Stanley mountains upon Port Moresby. Since Nov. 3, the Allied forces have been close to Oivi a n d, encountering stiff re•s istance on a scale they had not faced since the Japs began backtracking, called upon their planes and tried encircling and infiltration tactics to crack the Japanese defenses. While the ground attack moved cupation of the city at dawn Mon• day. with by British encountered naval un its at the two being dealt and American naval forces. Allied fighter squadrons immedi- the Jap's northeastern New Guinea coastal base on Euna near which American troops, aerially transported, already are fighting. Ammunition dumps were destroyed and heavy anti-aircraft guns were blown from their emplacements by planes which bombed and strafed the Soputa area between Euna and Oivi. captured airfields. Two of the bases taken over by U. S. army fliers and the RAF, the Maison Blanche and the Bleda airfields, were in the Algiers a rea. MONDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 1942 MacArthur's Men Creep Up on Buna GEN. MACARTHUR'S I be~:;~~~~ie, the advancing Allies ( have moved into the vicinity of Ilinow which is between Gorari and the n ortheast coastal base of Euna, Jess than 50 miles away. 1~~:;;dwe:e :!~~t~~t:eee~vyOiv~e~!:"~ ately started operating from the HEAD- QUARTERS, Australia (Monday) UP) American and Australian ground troops, converging on the strong Japanese beach-head at Buna, New Guinea, have joined forces and are continuing their !advance, Gen. MacArthur reported today. The Allied forces have been fighting their way toward Euna on the northeast coast of New Guineathe Australians coming directly over the Owen Stanley mountains, the Americans moving in from the south, through the steaming jungles. Having joined forces , they now Har~ jointly moving in to attack," the communique said. "The enemy, under command of Lieut. Gen. Tornatore Horri, now faces the Allies to the west and south, with the jungle and the sea at his back," the communique added. To the northeast of New Guinea, a strong formation of heavY bombers attac~ed Japanese shipping in Rabaul harbor. Bombers smashed directly on at least two ships, one of which exploded. Allied planes, raiding Buin, an enemy advance base on Bougainville island, destroyed eight ;-rounded aircraft and damaged many others. Numerous fl.res were started in supply and fuel dumps. u rday) UP)-Heavybombers blasted two light J ap cruisers and set fl.re to a transport in the same Buin• Faisi area of the north Solomons wh ere only yesterday four troopladen t ransports were bombed, the Allied high command reported today. Dropping down to with in 1,000 feet, in the face ,,llf heavy anti• 1 aircraft fire, the bombers also scored a near miss on a destroyer, left the 8,000 ton transport ablaze and cratered the runway of the Kahili airdrome, then got away safely. The same communique told of conti nued success of the Allied groun d troops fighting t h eir way t oward the northeast New Guinea coast. I n the Gorari area, where a Jap force was surrounded a n d annihilated earlier in the week, t h e bodies of five officers and more than 500 men have b een counted in the jungle. At Oivi, where another Jap force was pocketed, sev• 1 eral h undred additional dead h ave QUARTERS, Australia (Wedne'S• day) {/P)-The battle for Oivi, 55 miles from the northeastern New Guinea coast, between Japanese and A1lied ground forces now is approaching the decisive stage, the high command announced today. Heavy fighting is in progress at Oivi where the Japs elected to son commander and U, S. Maj. Gen, Charles W. Ryder. It provides for American oc- Heavy fighting was from several French and shore batteries ports, but this was G E NERAL MAC ARTHUR'S HEAD QUARTERS, Australia (Sat- \\-11·'1-~ (By A~i~f~1,r~s.) Surrender Paves Way for Occupation of Surrounding Area MacArthur Again Hits Japt•sfiips New Guinea Jap Casualties \ Are Heavy South \ Of Base at Buna · Algiers Taken by Uu S. Forces I r o!:dee::i::r ~?i:cew has 0 I been 0 sur- j \Allies Nearing Jap ~-~J?.f'J_Base MacArthur in Battle Field Closing Trap On Jap Base Yanks and Australians Combine in Drive; ,Superior in Air Directs Campaign to Drive Enemy from New Guinea Gen. MacArth ur Leads 1 T r oops in Onrush Aµ;ains t Bun a ~ - ' + ' -::i... \\ •1'1• '1'~ Gen. MacArthur's Headquarter s, Australia - \JP} - Converging col• umns of United States and Aus• tralian troops moved on the battered Japanese troops under Lieut. Gen. Tornatore Horii Monday f or a showdown fight for the Japanese base of Buna, New Guinea. The Japanese beachhead was steadily shrinking as the two columns of allied troops, now in contact with each other, ad\7anced to battle. Allied planes moved constantly overhead, attacking the retreating Japanese forces . The American and Australian forces met Sunday north of the Kumusi river. The Japanese now face allied forces to the west and south and have the jungle and the sea at their back, the communique from Gen. MacArthur's headquar• ters said. The advance was made difficult by heavy rains which caused . the Kumusi river to spread to a width of between 200 and 400 feet . Gen. Horii is k:nown as a special~ ist in landin& operations. The clos• ing of the American-Australian pincers put him in a new rolethat of directing a "back to the sea defense" in an area over which the allies hold virtually unchallenged air mastery. Flying Fortresses of Gen. MacArthur's command hammered at Japanese shipping at Rabaul, New \ Britain, Sunday night and scored direct hits on two !;ihips, one of which exploded, the communique reported. In addition, fires were started in a supply dump and dock area and eight explosions were ob• served by the flyers. I GE1'1. MAC ARTHUR'S HEAD- (By Associated Press.) I QUARTERS, Australia (Tuesday) \ UP)-Gen, Do~glas Mac Arthur has l taken the field himself to direct the Allied campaign to drive the J apan~se from their invasion b~se at Euna, New Guinea, the high command announced to~ay . . Allied forces are closing m rapidly on Euna, both from the west and from the south, and the enemy is steadily retreatingi the commu- ni1_~~e~ai:ghter planes and bombers are pounding incessantly at the fleeing Japanese. Heavy bo~b~rs also smash ed at enemy sh1ppmg in the Buin-Faisi area in the 11:orth• ern end of the Solomon archipelago, damaging a destroyer and a tr~~~eor~~mroander•in~hief of the southwest Pacific, Gen. Douglas Mac Arthur, with the advanced eschelon his headquarters, and the commanders of Allied land forces and air forces, Gen. Sir Thomas Blarney and Lieut. Gen. G;~_U. , Kenney, are personally conducting from the field in Papua," a spokes- I man said. ----- Led personally by Gen. MacArthur, jungle-toughened American and Australian troops Tuesday forged \'Jithin heavy cannon shot of Buna, ready to fight the Japanes_e for the key Papuan base or take 1t by default. The commander-Sn-chief of the southwest Pacific went into the field himself to direct the cam· paign and with him are Gen. Sir Thomas Blarney, his commander of allied land forces, and Lieut. Gen. George C. Kenney, his commander 1 of allied air forces. Australian patrols already have reached the vicinity of Awala, only 30 miles by tral.l from Buna, with Australian and American forces closing in rapidly from the west and south against a steady retreating enemy. Buna is the J aps only coastal toehold in Paula, but u.p the New Guinea coast they have strong• holds at Lae and Salamaua, some 150 miles away. American B25 medium bombers and A20 attack planes are teaming with Australian Beaufighters to strafe and bomb the retreating enemy around Buna and along the Kumusi river. Gen. MacArthur's presen ce testi• fied to t h e importance attached to the job of clearin g the ene)llY out f Papua. / I �GRAND RAPIDS, 1MICH., TUESDAY, NOVEMBER PRICE THREE CEN'l'ff 17, 1942 ONS BATTLE WON BY U.S. *** *** *** Ships Sunk; 7 Damaged ~--~ ~ -= 24,000: Nips Die; U. S. Loses 8 Ships - 1 By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS WASHINGTON - In the greatest naval battle since Jutland, United States forces have sunk 23 Japanese ships and thus smashed a tremendous enemy armada which sought to drive the Americans on .Guadalcanal into the sea, the navy disclosed late Monday. Backed by MacArthur's bombers, surface and air units of the navy destroyed 11 Nipponese warships and 12 transports and damaged seven other vessels in a three-day running battle, much of it a vicious, close-range duel in the darkness. The only American vessels so far reported sunk in the engage• ment were two light cruisers and six destroyers, and naval men here said they did not believe American personnel losses were extremely large. 24,000 JAPS KILLED? . But probably about 24,000 Japanese soldiers died when eight transports, part of a large force beaded for Guadalcanal, were sent to the bottom by air attack the morning of Nov. 14. Four others kept moving toward Guadalcanal, and may have sue• ceed~d in getting men ashore, since the Americans discovered four cargo transports beached at Tassafaronga the next day, and proceeded to smash them with a concentration of air, artillery and naval gun attack. However, only a fraction of the huge force dispatched by the imperial Japanese command ever reached the southeastern Solomans, and it seemed a safe assumption that this battle had clinched the American dominance of that area. ALLIED FORCES CLOSE IN ON BUNA- American and Australian forces have reached Awala from the west and American forces are piling in from the south to close in on Buna, the Japanese coastal base in Pa.puan New Guinea.a' Gen, Douglas MacArthur and his aides, Gen. Sir Thomas Blamey and Lieut. Gen. George Kenney, have gone into the field to direct the campaign to push the Japs into the sea. Some retreathtg Japanese took canoes and retreated along the Kumusi river, Allied warplanes strafed them. 126th 's Commander 0·1es 1n New Gu·1nea F·1nht·1nn "':11 ":I ------------their waiting soldiers ashore, they ceased firing and, in the restrained language of the communique "re-tired to the northward." ' Later during the day of Nov, 18, MAY TRY AGAIN American planes kept up a con-P;esumably, the enemy could tinual running attack on the dam.. gat~er anothe~ great force and :ry aged enemy ships still trying to ,•.gam, but with such staggermg limp away from the .scene of t,4e l ?sses to count it was thought un- fighting, and in the afton;loon the l.lkely )1.er~ that the Japs would planes discovered 13 ttansp,9.ilJ; c: ca to r1sk what strength they under heavy naval escort hta,d d h 1.ve lc(t io. a nev: attempt to re- for Guadalcanal fro~ lb& -l'fcini~ ta k• the strategic Guadalcanal of Bougain.vi.Ue jeJAnd. 260 miles t~ area. the northea1;1t. l ' Ev•n J. theCallaghan, death of Rear Admiral D;!intel beloved "Un- 8 TRA~•oRTs s uJ.,.n. cle .fJv!']" to many a navy man and T~P Warships moved up that a r ormer na.m1l aide to President- ni,;,;J.t and bombarf;led the American ,>ositions on Guadalcanal, but before the t1·a11sports could mvve up \\ - I t HINGTON }A"Pl n TM the morning of Nov. 14 they were Word was received in Grand of a Grand Rapids woman was Ya_nks rolled a natural on caught offshore by aircraft and Rapids Tuesday that Col. Law- reported dead Tuesday of w~unds Fritlay th0 13th• eight of them were sunk, leaving rence Quinn, commander of the received in action on the island of In the naval battle starting four-probably those found later at ' 126th infantry, made up largely of New Guinea in the south Pacific. that day ~hey damaged seven Tassafaronga - proceeding toward western Michigan men, had been He is the son of Mr. and Mrs. Jap warships and sank eleven. the island. killed in New Guinea. Louis Ambrose of Wayland and , Enemy warships in the GuadaJ.. Col. Quinn succeeded Col. Wil- brother of Miss Katherine Am• Roosevelt, in the furious, close• canal area were engaged again by liam Haze of this city in command brose of 206 Summer ave., NW. range engagement which opened the American fleet the night of of the 126th when the division was The sister had received a letter the three-day bai.Je in the early Nov. 14-15. Detailed reports on thia intraining at Camp Livingston, La. from Pfc. Ambrose a week ago morning of Nov. 13 could not fight have not been received in Col. Quinn was regarded by fel- from the south Pacific area in dampen the elation with which na- Washington, but the next morning low ol'f~cers _as a top-notch soldier. which he stated his outfit was 'preval officers announced the victory. the remnants of the battered Jap• !le enltst~d m the first World war paring to "move up." Relatives anese ~ e were found withdraw• 11 WARSIDPS BLASTED m Washington, D. C., and after received official notice of his death ing to"'t',._~nofth, and no reports of the close of hostilities continued from the war depal'tment. In a leng t bY communique, the any further action have come his mili~a~ career in the regular Pfc. Ambrose, who left two years ~:";hf:~c;~!ei!!1eeri:::iof:~c:ct~:~ through. 5 army, nsmg finally to rank of ago for active duty with the nacoloneI. tional guard, has a brother, Felix sunk a Japanese battleship, three JAP VS. U. S. LOSSES carriers _ . Pfc.' Joseph Ambrose, 20, farm Airl:brose,. on duty with the coast heavy cruisers, two light cruisers, The punishment dealt out to the th . . the first time smce ,yland and brother artillery m the east. five destroyers and eight trans- Japanese fleet in this battle e Pacif1c war started that their ports, and damaged a battleship brought the enemy's losses in the pre~ence has not been noted in a and six destroyers. Solomons to date, as reported by maJor_ engagement. The Japs had Preparations for a major at- navy communiques, to 35 ships 10st snc of the eight with which tempt by· the Japanese to recap-, sunk, 5 probably sunk and 71 damer:-ter~d the war before the ture the southeastern Solomons be- aged, or 111 vessels of all types h . fight_mg opened and may be came evident early this month, the sunk and damaged.. inavmg se~ious_ difficuly in replac• ,.__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___. navy reported, when aerial reconAgainst this, the United States in~ them m view of their limited naissance revealed a heavy concen- has reported the loss of 24 ships ust al ca acit • tration of transports and warships sunk, including two aircraft car.. ' of the enemy fleet in New Britain riers and three cruisers, and at and the northwestern Solomons. least 5. damaged. In addition, the The huge expedition got under Austrahan cruiser Canberra was way the morning of Nov. 10, with sunlc while operating as part of the Japanese naval forces approaching naval force covering the initial Guadalcanal from the north, while American landings in the Guadalother detachments, including large canal-Tulagi area in August. 't-,._ . I The navy credited the army bombers of Gen. Douglas Mac Arthur's command with . supplying "great assistance" in the early phase of the Ioommg fight, by makmg repeated successful attacks bn the invasion fleet at RabauI and Buin, as, reported in communiques from Australia. Mac Arthur's aircraft also gave valuable aid afterthe naval actions developed. The Japanese expedition moved toward Guadalcanal behind a warship spearhea? of two battleships, wo heavy crmsers, four light cruisers and about 10 destroyers, which eached the American-held island sh1~rt~a:fi~:i:i!~ie~~~o~,o:ai!• the com~unique, to bombard navy. arme forces ashore in .p repara10n fo 1 I r a arge sea e landing from he following transports. The batle units moved to the attack in hree groups. APS FIRE ON JAPS However, instead of the easy conu~st they expected, they ran into m_ts of the United States fleet, h1ch engaged them at close range ~he darkness, not only landing 11mg blows on the Nipponese warips but creating such confusion the enemy fleet that before the ght was over two of the three i:t~t :i::::~!tw~!d ~:~:~~r~he ~~:r~ NO CARRIERS LISTED ican positions from Rabaul and t In detailing th e composition of Buin, where the enemy had been the enemy armada smashed in assembling its expeditionary forces. ~e ~~cent action, th e communique sigmf1can~ e tioned no aircraft �-~--e'fu.gan'sOwn roopsFlankAussies inFightinginNewGuinea'sJungle~ American 1oldler1-perhap1 Including Michigan troopo-who have Joined the Australians in a drive lo capture the Ja1, base at Bona in New Guinea are pictured above making their way through the tropical jungle• of the Island, They enjoy a rest period during a march, left, while native porters plod on with supplies. Drivlns a peep In New Guinea la considerably different, right, from speeding down an American highway, AMERICAN ACK-ACK 1'1LUl SKY- Anti-aircraft batteries of an American navy task force throw up a curtain of aek-acl< In repelllns • fourth attack on the aircraft carrier In the center by Japanese torpedo and dlwe-bomben In the battle of the Santa Crus Wanda In the Solomons Oct. :e. The circle upper left la a Jap bomber e"Plodlns, Circle upper rlsht, a lap bomber starta its dive. Circle lowv 1'16bt, divebomber ap-hins the carrier. Circle lower left, another Jap plane, The n&V)'-approTed capUan with 1h11 picture said flames of 11,r other planes lhot down are flllble en tile ho ud enen17 plane 11.1111 fallen close to the item of the carrier u the picture made. .... • the battle were a deatro:rer and aircraft carrier, but the Ja lleet wu for ed �*** Twin Drives Circle Buna \\...:....!..1:.1::i.. Yanks Gain From South as Aussies Close in From West ( By Associated Press.) Allied jungle troops Thursday advanced to within a few miles of the Japanese base of Buna, on the northeastern coast of New Guinea, while eight enemy destroyers prov.led offshore apparently in an j effort to support or evacuate the Buna defenders. American troops, moving northward toward Buna, were reported meeting no opposition as they pushed steadily ahead while Aus• tralian jungle troops, advancing from the west, reached a point 20 miles west of Euna. The Australians have reached the motor road sweeping up to Buna, after slashing down from the Owen Stanley mountains over the winding native trail which threads 120 miles across the island from Port Moresby to within about 25 miles to Euna. Bombers Hwtt' Destroyers. A communique from Gen. Douglas MacArthur's headquarters a.dded that Euna was being surrounded 1rapidly. United States Flying Fortresses flew through spotty weather in seeking out the destroyers, the allied communique suggesting the destroyers possibly represented a Japanese eleventh hour attempt to reinforce the Buna defenders. TI1e destroyers, appearing off Euna Wednesday, were divided into tv...o groups and apparently were playin g a grim game of hideand-seek with the American Flying Fortresses. Allied medium bombers continued to blast Japanese defenses and installations behind the lines while PORTLAND FLYER REPORTS IIlTS ON JAP SIIlP. Somewhere in New Guinea(lPl-Maj. H. J . Bullis of Port• land, Mich., commander of a bomber force which attacked Rabaul Monday, had reported Thursday that two direct hits were scored on a Japanese transport. other of MacArthur's planes battered the twin Japanese bases of Lae and Salamaua, 150 miles up the coast from Euna, as well as other bases in New Britain and Timar islands. Attack ~'Feeder" Base. Mediuffi bombers blasted the airdrome at Salamaua, damaging the runway and nearby !Juildings. Oth- ! e~f~~~~~ ;fn:J~~~f;r a~ra::ei;-:~; airdrome and adjar;ent buildings ii.nd instaJiations at Lae. New· Britain was attacked twice. Medium bombers attacked the airdrome, runway and plane dispersal areas at Gasmata, on the south coast 220 miles northeast of Euna, Flying Fortresses made a night attack on Rabaul, Jap "feeder" base for the southern Solomons operation'i, blasting airdromes and dispersal areas, -f CUINEA I 11-:)..• - '1'~ Japs at Buna in Last Stand· AlliesMove Nearer Buna \ \ - \k' Allied Bombers Sink Another Destroyer and Cruiser of Foe - ]MacArthur Is Closing In \\-\"l · 't ;,_ - 't";;,. MacArthur Forces 30 Miles from Jap New Guinea Base ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA, (Friday) ,{}.PJ-Allied land forces have the retreating Japanese in northeastern New Guinea with their backs against the sea between Gona and Buna while in the air bombers have sunk a Jap cruiser and destroyer, the Allied high command an• nounced today. "Our ground forces have - rapid.. ly closed in," the communique said regarO.ing the fight for conti"ol of New Guinea, "and now pin the enemy down in the narrow coastal strip from Gona to Buna. We are fighting on the outskirts of both places." Heavy bombers, using flares and 500 pound bombs, Thursday night surprised a J ap light cruiser and two destroyers seeking a rendez.. vous off Gona's shore with some landing barges. The cruiser and one destroyer were sunk and the other destroyer was damaged be• fore it fled. The Allied plan~s t hE!n bombed and strafed the barges. Japanese air units seeking to cov• er the naval forces were driven of with a loss of three Zeros. The land success, with Gen . ' Douglas MacArthur personally on hand for the killing thrusts, placed the Allies within grasp of their first importan t harbor on New Guinea's north shore. It brought nearer the climax of a drive across jungle trails of the Owen Stanl~y mountains which began late 1n September. Possessioil. of Euna would put the Allies within menacing reach of two other north New Guinea bases of the Japs, Lae an d Salamaua, and would place t_hem closer to the island of New Britain with iti! much bombed Jap base at Rabaul. - -- -- - ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Wednesday) UPI - I Ground troops un'der . pe-rsonal com- ! mand of General Douglas MacAr- 1 thur, who is in the field, have j moved closer toward the Jap-held port of Buna in northeast New Guinea while in the air Allied bombers ranged far to strike new blows, including hits on a large merchantman, the high command announced today. The ground troops, compl"ising Australians and Americans, last were reported within 30 miles by mountain trail a ntl probably close1· in cases where they were transported by air. The communique stated succinctly the advance "continues" while planes constantly attack the retr eating enemy. A raid by heavy bombers on shipping in the harbor of Rabaul, New Britain island, northeast of New Guinea, set a blaze the large merchantman last night. At Euin, in the Solomons northwest of Guadalcanal, medium bomberis last night started fires and explosions on the airdrome and destroyed three enerny aircraft. The enemy, aroused by the Allied pincer on Buna, sent its fliers to harass the advancing · troops. Allied bombers with a fighter escort surprised the Japs at Lae, above Euna on the New Guinea north coast, destroying seven enemy bombers and seven fighters in low altitude attacks. A Zm"o which attempted to intercept was shot down. (! Jap air forces made a feeble ef• fort on Thursday night to cover a light cruiser and two destroyers seeking to relieve the situation but the Jap fliers were driven off with a Joss of three Zeros. The cruiser and one destroyer were bombed a nd sunk and the other destroyer, damaged, fled the scene. Allies Striving to In Portuguese Timor, which the Japs have been reported re•en_forcPUS h J apanese Off ing their bases above Austraha as New Guinea Island their bold in New Guinea weak· "' -1... ened , Allied bombers made a sweep ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN over Manatuto and Baucij.U. Ra• AUSTRALIA (Saturday ) UP) _ baul 1 in New B!i_tain island, a Jap base whose position becomes more Heavy fighting is in progress for endangered if Buna falls, was visthe northeast New Guinea ports of ited by medium Allied bombers FriGana and Buna as Australians and day night which attacked enemy Americans, who reached the out- installations. skirts Friday, strive to ~ush the Other Allied aerial units attacked Japs into the sea, the high com- the airdrome at Kavieng, on New mand announced today. Ireland above New Britain. The tempo of battle rose to high _ ' })itch all along the coastal strip between Buna and Gana where the Japs are being forced back toward the shore. Japanese planes, whose appearances in the sector have been infrequent, have entered the engagement in an attempt to forestall what appears to be a growing disaster for the enemy. I Gona'and Buna Battle Rages I j Enemy Destroyers Off Buna May Try to Evacuate Forces ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Thursday ) {}P}-U, S. and Australian troops closed in on the Japanese New Guinea base of Euna today as heavy bombers streaked _ahead to attack eight enemy destroyers "maneuvering off the north coast, apparently in support of the enemy ground forces, " a communique announced. "The advance of our ground force's on Buna continues with forward elements now -;:losing in on their objective," the communique said. "Our medium units bombed enemy installations and positions. "An enemy naval force of eight destroyers, divided into two groups is maneuvering off the north coast, apparently in support of the enemy ground forces. Our heavy bombem are endeavoring to e nga·ge them." TRY TO SAVE JAPS? (There also was a possibility that the Japanese destroyers were a t Bu'na in an attempt to evacuate t h e remaining Japanese there. It was recalled that Japanese destroyers were used for that purpose to !Save the remnants of the smashed Jap1anese landing at Milne bay last summer on the southeastern tip of New Guinea). Gen. Douglas MacArthu r n ow ii in the field in New Guinea directing the Buna clean-up, In the air, MacArthur's bombera fanned out for widespread operations. Some bombed enemy installations and positions at Buna in support of the ground troops. CONTINUE AIR ATTACKS Medium bombers and twin-cn-gined fighters attacked the air• drome, nearby buildings and instal• lations at Lae, on the north New Guinea coast above Euna. On the same coast, medium bombers raided the Salamaua ai:-:drome. At Gasmata, on the i'Sland of New Britain northwest of New Guinea, medium units bombed t h e airdrome runway. At Rabaul, a lso on New Britain, heavy bomber• raided enemy airdromes last night . Northeast of Australia in Portu• guese Timar, medium bombers started fires among buildings occupied by the Japanese at Baucau and attack plane'S conducted a sfrafing sweep over Maobisse, a frequent Allied target recently. I �1 Enemy Losing Grip in Guinea ~~ /Tojo Stooges Changing Tune I (By Associated Press.) Japanese forces trapped in a narrow coastal strip in the Buna-Gona district of New Guinea were reP"' ted fighting back desperately ;1a:-J..1.C.Jj a~ -\.merican and Austra- lian ground troops moved in reONE ZERO SIGHTED, SAME SHOT DOWN, Somewhere in New Guinea(.lP)-From a morning reconnaissance flight over northern New Guinea, Capt. "Rabbit" Lonacre of Stockton, Calif., brought back this report: "One Zero attacked - two passes-one Zero shot down." His gunner, Sgt. Leslie Stewart of East Chicago, poured lead into the enemy plane and saw it explode barely 20 feet off the water. lentless]y to drive them into the sea or force their capitdation. One United States for1.. js within a mile of Bupa and engaged in heavy :fighting and another is attempting to wrest a landing field on the outs:!-cirts of the village from the defending Japanese. This second unit reported that it had rnet heavy machine-gun fire within 500 yards of tile field. Japanese fighter planes entered the fighting near Euna and seven Zeros strafed allied troops already under attack from light artillery and mortars. Allied observers said the Buna area also had been reinforced with anti-aircraft guns. Heavy fighting aJso is in progress at Soputa, about eight miles inland from the coast on the KokodaBuna trail. The main body of the Japanese forces, however, has been driven into. a t~iangular area bounded by a six-mile coastal strip between Euna and Gana and irregular lines running inland from these hamlets to Soputa. (By United Press.) Japane-se propagandists blar·ed a confused tune Saturday on the Solomons naval battle as Tokio newspapers quit trying to make the outcome a "victory" for Japan while- an official spokesman still I talked of the "disastrous" American setback. Apparently as muddled as was the Japanese fleet ·which lost at least 28 ships in the Solomons engagement, Tokio broadcast victory claims and admissions of ~ostJy losses in sequence. The newspaper Nichi Nichi acknowledged that Japanese losses were "by no means slight" and that Japan must "reconstruct where losses have been sustained and push onward toward victory." Regret Their Losses. "We regret that the lives of valiant fighting men were lost," it said. The newspaper Asahi, seeking to explain Jap losses, asserted the United States was trying to decide the issue of the Pacific war in the Solomons campaign and had thrown its "entire naval strength" into that area. Meanwhile Tomol<:azu Hori, official spokesman of the Japanese board of information, "revealed" that official quarters are "greatJy amused" by the American "communique of victory" and said it is a great pity the American people have been bamboozled into believing the Jap na~y has been crushed. I I Gona Entered; Buna Resists \l-),,lf--'t~ (Clim~~-~ears In New Guinea I . (By Associated Press.) A1l1ed troops, fighting a desperate Japanese force in the thick New Guinea jungles around Oivi whHe allied aircraft attacked th~ only remaining path of withdrawal for the enemy, are bringing their battle to a decision, Gen. Douglas MacArthur's headquarters announced Wednesday. The allied flyers flew up and down the line of Japanese supply between Oivi and Buna on the f northeastern New Guinea coast raking ammunition dumps and troops with machine-gun fire and ~~~~~~g gun positions and supply The communique repOrted that serious damage was inflicted on the Japanese installations and that ' ammunition dumps were destroyed, Many guns in the vicinity of the fi.ghting were silenced, the commumque said, and heavy anti-aircraft guns were blown from their empJacemenls. Severe casualties were reported inflicted on Japanese ground troops. MacArtlfur Whips Japs at Oivi; Foes in Irap lb:!. I- 't~ Japanese Propagandists Quit Claiming Victory in Solomons Clash Yanks, Aussies Pushing Jap Troops Back Toward Sea Capture of Second Airbase by Allies Expected Hourly ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Tuesday) UPl -The Japanese New Guinea coastal base of Gona has been entered by Australian troops, but the enemy still is putting up heavy resistance at Buna, 12 miles to the south, a communique said today. Supported by Allied warplanes, the Australian left wing of the Allied adva~entered Gona after several dayit°'of heavy flghting, then wheeled southward along the coast toward Sanananda, an intervening enemy-held point, in the attempt to link up with an American army drive from the south, ! The southern wing of U. S. troops occupied Cape Endaiadere in their advance to Euna, the communique said, without giving any details of the operations. The occupation of Gana now has deflniteiy pinned the remaining Japanese against the sea, and they face annihilation. 1 The communique made no men-'· tion of any further enemy ship- 1 ping off the coast in a possible attempt to save the land forces, the presence of Allied bombers in the area made any such enemy venture exceedingly risky, I GENERAL MAC ARTHUR'S HE-AD QUART E R S, Australia (Thursday) (lP) - Japanese forces have been routed at Oiv~-,and face entrapment while another enemy group at Gorari has been enveloped and destroyed in battles for control of northwestern New Guinea, the high .command announced today. As the climax of a week-long battle at Oi\ri, 55 miles southwest of the coastal base of Buna, Australian troops which have been battling their way across the Owen Stanley mountains, forced the Japs from their positions, inflicting heavy losses. But the Japs only course of retreat is into the hands of American troops which were flown by aerial transport to the vicinity of Euna. Allied planes were active near Jap coastal bases at Lae and Sala- • maua on the north New Guinea coast above Euna and also attacked ~~f!~=~ ~~j !~~opBi~;_centrations "The enemy was forced from his main positions near Oivi with heavy loss/' the high command announced. "His retreat has been blocked by our enveloping troops astride the main track and he is endeavoring to cut his way through to the rear. Simultaneously out forces enveloped and destroyed enemy forces trapped south of Gorari." Off Lae, Allied planes bombed a Jap destroyer last night but did not observe results. Off Salamaua, Allied planes shot down two out of four Zeros which attempted interception. Near Shortland island in the Solomons, Allied planes shot down two enemy fighters out of a formation of 10. \\_, i ........ a.- - y ank Troops in New Guinea Tell of Fighting in Jungles (By Murlin Spencer.) With United States Forces :;;ome• where in New Guinea-(JP}-Unit· 1 ed States troops fighting a Jung e battle over- what they say must be the world's worst battleground are taking everything the Japanese have in their full bag of tricks with comparatively few casualties. The troops edge forward cautiously because the Japanese are trlcky. For instance, one wounded Japanese lying among the dead was caught lifting a hand grenade, but a bullet in the head finished him, Corp. Clinton Brownell of Platteville, Wis., describes the Japanese as "big fellows, well - equipped, fighting from well-prepared positions in slit trenches, behind log barricades and some barbed wire." Use Sound Effects. The enemy stages a regular show with sound effects - firecrackers and shouting. The assault started at dawn Nov. 19. rrhe troops in the unit I was foJiowing first had 1o cross a deep stream. On the other side was a machine-gun nest, but the Japanese let the first troops cross before opening fire. Corp. Delos A. Leland of Alexandria, La., and Pvt. John Wilson o:! St. Louis stumbled on a machine gun and Leland was wounded by the first burst. "The bullet knocked me down and that was the first I knew the Japs were there/' said Leland. "I could hear Wilson crawling toward them, so I opened fire with my rifle. I could hear Wilson firing, too. We got four Japs, but I had to come back to the hospital." The first objectives were Cape Endaiadere, which juts out into the sea, and a Japanese airdrome about three miles south of Buna. Fight• ing was intense at both places. (Tuesday's communique from Douglas MacArthur's headquarters said the Americans had cap• tured Cape Endaiadere.) In the advance on the cape, th'e Japanese were pushed back into the comparative open of coconut trees and an American barrage from rifles and mortars killed at least 25 of the foe. Sgt. Charles F . Ester of Vyandotte, Mich., said the dead included Japanese officers. . It was in this action that Sgt, Vic Reigal of Marshfield, Wis., distinguished himse1f. He still is at -the front, but let Ester tell the story: "Our group ran into machineguns and pulled back, but Reigal sta,yed. When the Japs charged he got five with his tommygun. Reigal had a time getting back, but he made it." Other troops told of the deeds ot Sgt,. Chester Curley of Hamtramck, Mich., and a group of specially trained men he was leading. On the eve of the attack, these rangers crawled up to their positions and when morning came Cur• ley tossed a grenade into a machine-gun nest, getting four Jap• anese. Blacken Faces With l\Iud. Because of limited communica. tions between units, it is difficult to say who killed the first Japanese in action here, but among the first was Corp. Brownell who, while leading a patrol, spotted a Japanese walking across a vi1lage and cut him down with five shots. Our troops, who have gone into battle with faces and hands painted green or blackened with mud, have not escaped unscathed but fatalities have been comparatively few. Japanese marksmanship, they said, is not up to past performances. Maj. Parker Hardin of Charles• ton, Ill., who commands a mobile hospital unit believed among the first to go into the field of combat, paid high tribute to the men. "None of these boys who are broug,ht back here complain," he said. "They went up there as boys and they've come back ais men." �j • American Troops Hem Enemy On Three S·,des ~ lmlles north of Buna traveling at a .-1. An assa"ult- Ul)on B"una U. s. Bombers Are in Hot Pursuit of and 4 Destroyers ' N'.pponese Convoy proper] i~=~~'.~!. f~:.. 2. An attack upon Sanananda ! point nearby, where the Japanese ~i:~fr~·:~.~~do;t ~~e:e:r i~\:i r~r~;:~anse~~:;· The dispatch failed to say la which direction the convoy was moving but earlier reports said Japanese warships had been maneuvering warily offshore presumab1y for a long-shot chance to land reinforcements or rescue survivors of the badly mauled Japanese gar• rison. By DEAN SCHEDLER are dug in with good natural de1 fenses. 3. Australian patrol activity in the Gena mission area. The Japanese struck back savagely and some o! the fiercest figbt•r--- - - - - -~ ~ - - in~ of the enti~e N~w Guinea cam- the enemy anti-aircraft fire had pa1g~ was :aging m that obscure developed into wild, inaccurate tropical settmg. Gen. Douglas Mac- shooting of only mode)·ate inten• ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Monday)'=vr, Allied bombers have sunk a Japanese destroyer-which apparently was attempting to land troops at Buna, the enemy's base on the th t f N G • h nor eas coas! o . ew mnea w ere Australian and American forces are closing 1n, the high command said today. GUSIONEMAE"[~> E_RAmE eirN1·canNEd!Wve Arthur .is in personal command of sity. ur the Alhed forces, which Saturday The Allies pointed for an ear1y bombers plowed up the Japanese h~d , sent ~ne strong column to decision at Euna, for victory thei·e atrdrome at Buna Saturday during w1thm a mile of Euna. wou1d open the way for extension more than• 100 Allied aerial sorties Any hopes the cornered Japa- of their drive to eject the enemy aimed at softening up the enemy nese had of a getawa:y suffered a from his remaining New Guinea base for a knockout blow from sharp setback by clearmg weather, invasion bases directed at AusUnited States and Australian forces making it easier for Allied planes tralia. to. spot any da1h by enemy warBesides Euna, which the JapaSYDNEY, Australia - The capture of Buna, beleaguered Japa• closing in from all land sides. With American ~roops poised to ships towards the shore. nese occupied last Aug. 23, Salanese invasion base in New Guinea, by United States forces is seize the airfield lying on the outThe Japanese themselves were manaua and Lae seized farther up imminent, dispatches from the battlefront said Sunday night. skirts of Euna village, A-20 dive back in the air again after a. long the coast, last March 8, are the American forces were declared threatening the Japanese from bombers swept in from treetop level absence, an~ in Saturday dogfights main footholds held by the inthree sides, possibly indicating the enemy communications to in repeated bombing aid strafing two of their fighters were shot vader. An enemy excursion into H . Milne bay, at the southeastern tip Gona, 32 miles to the northwest, had been severed by the Allies attacks. Twelve tans of bombs and down: thousands upon thousands of . MaJor Don all .0 f Corpus Chris- of New Guinea, four days after closing in upon the Japanese caught in a steadily constricting rounds of ammunition were used in tt, Tex., led th e dive-bombe~s Sat- the Euna landing, ended in quick triangle with the sea to their backs. these and other assaults upon ene- u rd ay, diving t~ro_ugh intense ·d isaster for the Rising Sun. heavy caliber anti-aircraft fire. The Euna fighting has been along Late in the day, front dispatches said, a powerful Australian my defense positions. Allled possession of the airfield Their. ~ombs. ailenc~d on~ ack- a triangle, its base running along pat r o 1 temporarily penetrated . would decimate the remaining ack position wit~ a direct hit a nd the irregular shore between Euna Euna itself and inflicted heavy losses upon 'the Japanese defend- used !ts biggest mo~tars and. heavy strength of the badly depleted Jap- set off an .e~plos1on, apparently in and Gona and its apex extending machme gun fire m a f~tile at- 1 anese air force and apparently an ammunition ?ump, ~n the woods eight miles inland and pointing _ ers before retiring. . impotently now - toward the AlAmerican troops who almost sur- tempt to stem the American ad- woul'd seal the doom o! the enemy's east of the landing strip. scant foothold. ~n co-ordr::inated attacks B1~ly lied base at Port Moresby, once rounded the airfield at Euna's edge, vance. 2 A Japanese convoy -with four The powerful, co-ordinated Allied Mitchell B- ·~ bombers led_by MaJor threatened by the Japanese before cleared Japanese from their positions near Cape Endaidere, where destroyers was sighted about 90 land and air attack appeared Sun• Alex Evanoff of _Belle Plain~, Iowa, they were sent reeling back across the enemy, established in strength, day to revolve aroun'd four ele- ~~~bc:~s~:ld a~;~~~ed the airdrome the Owen Stanley mountains. ments, the first of which is the The major's pilots returning from : struggle for the airdrome, stu~ th . ft 1 1 1 f th d id bornly defended by the Japanese e1r na m ss on o e ay sa with heavy mortars. The others include: I Buna-Gona fNarrow Jap Climax~ear IA Sa.,n2.!i,.rG!.,~day THE JAPS Time was we sold our metal scrap Unto the little wily Jap. We even drained our tropic soil To fill his storage tanks with oil. Time was unto the wily Jap We gave our every chart and map. We even let him fish the sea Just where our Navy chanced to be. Time was we couldn't quite believe He kept a dagger up his sleeve, IAnd meant when vigilance grew slack I To spring Pearl Harbor's sneak attack. Now ma"ly, many years will lapse ' Before again we'll trust the Japs. Their cunning went a bit too far. We know them now for what they are. s . 'f d-.. Allies Battling Fiercely in Hand-to-Hand ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Wednesday) 00 Heavy fighting by both land and air raged today throughout the Euna-Gona sector of the northern New Guinea. coast where Japanese troops, trapped within a. constricting area by Allied forces and the sea, continued to fight bitterly to maintain a precarious hold on the beach. The Allied high command's noon communique said fighting in the Buna-Gona sector was accompanied by Allied bombing forays on JapaneEie plane bases on Timar, New Ireland and at J'..Ae, turther up the New Guinea coast. "Heavy fighting by Jand and air rages throughout the position,'' the communique said of the BunaGona area. Yesterday's communique reported the Allies had entered Gana, 12 miles up the coast from Buna, and were cJoslng in on the Jap's on1y remainnig foothold in the sector. The command reported heavy air units dropped 1,000-pound bombs, the most potential so far reported in use in the New Guinea fighting, on the airdrome runway at Lae, a J ap base northwest of Bun a from which the enemy could be sending aerial support to its beleaguered troops. That raid occurred Tuesday night. Allied planes raided Portuguese Timor. where the Japs recently have been reported sending troops and equipment. The Japs sent 18 enemy bombers for their first raid in force in some time on Darwin, Australia~ Tuesday night but the communique reported "no damage." I I Time was we let him roam about And ferret all our secrets out. He seemed so grateful and so glad, We showed him everything we had, ' Grip---1!.:.3. atBuna '.Allies Backing Jap Troops Into Narrow Pocket Toward Sea CLAPTRAP JAPAmerlcan .. born and educated CHARLES HISA,O YOSHil ls the moutllplece tqr all JJlpan••• broado..t1 In Eq\l'h· At t h e University of Or1,so11, whor, he went to college, he ls known &!I · the Yokahoma Yoko!. I Combat (Bv United Press.) American and Australian troops Wednesday were battling hand-to hand with Japanese desperately ' trying to hold the inner defense ring of their dwindling BunaGona beachhead in northeast New Guinea. Enemy casualties are heavy. The allied troops, assaulting an apparently strong defense line, are systematically silencing one cleverly concealed machine-gun nest after another, overpowering other prepared positions and cleaning numerous Japanese snipers from camouflaged nests. A communique from Gen. Douglas MacArth ur's headquarters sL.mmed up the situation in one sentence-"heavy fighting by land and air forca{l throughout the position"-~but there t\'as pvery irn:li· cation that the ""panese were waging a 1osing battJc. American forces, battering primarily at Buna, and t h~ Australians, concentrating on Gona and Sanana.nder, about five miles northwest of Buna, are making full use of artillery. The allies• big advantage, however, is air power. Allied bombers are continuously blasting Japanese huts, anti-aircraft positions, ar• ti11ery emplacements and machinegun nests. -------- �"Bat~an in Reverse" That's How American Officer Describes Yanks' \\-'l.."\·'1-.,__ Tough Fight in Guinea (By Don Caswell.) Men who have been out on advance patrols have given a vivid description of the fighting that Somewhere in New Guinea-(U,P.) -The American thrust against goes on in this overgrown stretch of fertile tropical soil. One of Buna along the northeast New them said: Guinea coast, where the allies had "First you come to machine-gun hoped for a quick and easy victory, nests just off the trail. You have has turned into a serious cam- to stick'. to the trails pretty much paign against a stubborn and because the jungles are so thick. skilled Japanese defense. "Three or four Japs may let a ·, 'This is turning into a tough couple of hundred troops go job," the commander of the Amer- through and wait for the officers. 1 ican forces said Friday. 'It is like They kiJl as many as they can, a miniature Bataan in reverse-a then throw firecrackers and morsmall, well-developed defense force tar shells all over the place, makholding off a more powerful of- ing you think the woods are full fensive. We will have to dig 'em of them, then try to slip back to out of their holes Jap by Jap, tree their lines. The only way to find by tree, machine-gull nest by ma- the nests ls by working in twos or chine-gun nest." threes with plenty of covering fl.re. \Veil Entrenched. Leave No Marks on Trnf':s. The Japanese have these points "The men up front draw the fire in their favor in the fighting and we blast the nests with grearound Buna: nades, tommy-guns and mortars. 1. Tlley are well entrenched with "But when you chase them out a deep chain of machine-gun nests of their nests they go up the and pillboxes, some with concrete trees, strap themselves tight and walls covered with foliage which throw grenades or snipe at us. blends them into surrounding thick They have rubber grips on their jungle growth. shoes for climbing trees without 2. A better knowledge of the leaving marks. trails, terrain and artillery ranges. "The best thing we could have up 3. Their defenses are manned by here would be lots of shotguns, to fresh reinforcements. These men clean them out of the trees." apparently are well-ti.ained and One thing has been learned about strongly equipped. that air superiority of which all 4. Jipanese tactics fit perfectly the experts talk so glibly-the side the terrain around Euna, which is which happens to have the planes covered with lush jungle growth, overhead riggt now has air supericoconut groves and kirakira grass ority. Fighter cover is fine but growing eight feet tall. ?urs has to come from the other side of the jsJand and the fighters can't hang around. The other day our area got a fine sample of air warfare by seven Zeroes and three Japanese dive~ bombers which gave our village an artistic lacing. [ Australian veterans who had been through the war in Greece, Crete and north Africa said it was i "neater" than anything they ever got from the Germans. Those dive~bombers were good! They put the heavy stuff "down the rain barrel," and big jagged chunks of bomb casing snipped off coconut trees a foot from the ground, while small pieces whizzed through the weeds around my slit trench. The concussion made my clothes balloon out as I lay flat in 1 the trench, praying the Japanese would run out of bombs. (United Press Slat! Correspondent.) 1 'I - 't· 't t. NEW GUINEA MOUNTAINS SCENE OF JAPS' JUNGLE DRIVE In the jungled mountains of southeastern New Guinea (Papua) Jap troops have passed the peaks of the Owen Stanley range and threaten a downhill drive to Port Moresby from their positions at Efolgi, Myola. and Kokoda. This map shows the mountains, jungles and slopes in this sparsely~settled area. Only a few native villages lie on the 50 miles of hilly road between the enemy and the great United StatesAustralian base at Port l\foresby. j WHERE THRUST HALTS Australian troops Were reported Monday to be holding the Japanese advance toward Port l\Ioresby though fierce figh,ting still was raging in the Owen Stanley mountains. Broken lines indicate the route of the enemy attack. MacARTHUR ALIGHTS-GEN. DOUGLAS MacARTHUR steps from his plane at an advanced aUied base somewhere in New Guinea where Americans '. and Australians are battling the Jai,anese in the Gona-Buna sector, l>·o 0 • 't.,_ �GRAND RAPIDS, MICH., THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 26, 1942 MAC ARTHUR SMAS SHIPS LOADED WIT HES 3 JAP ~ TROOPS Allied Air Attacks Balk Enemy at Buna 1 Tw·o Foe Destroyers Sunk, One Other Is Damaged by Bombers ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Thursday) UP)-Heavy and medium bombers operating under General Mac• Arthur's command smashed a Japanese attempt to land rein• forcements at Euna yesterday, sinking two enemy destroyers and damaging a third, apparently all heavily loaded with troops, Allied headquarters announced today. A Japanese light cruiser and a fourth destroyer also in the TREE-TOP SNIPERS CO;\1E DOWN TO EARTH- II - -.'1 ~ 'I- .._ action beat a hasty retreat from the northern New Guinea shore "Go climb a tree," was meant literally when the command was gh·en Jap soldiers by their officers under the heavy Allied pounding, carried out in darkness by on Guadalcanal. United States marjne sharpshooters, howe\"cr, brought the nimble climbers down planes which first dropped flares and then blasted their lighted even more rapidly than they went up. Note s1>lit-tocd tree-climbing shoes on prisoners in lorctargets with 500-pound bombs. 1round. (Marino corps photo.) This latest success was announced in a noon communique which disclosed that the fighting on land, continuing heavy, is slow and difficult in "low, tropical jungle, interspersed with swamp and tidal creek," and that lhe Allied troops "are now encountering carefully prepared positions strongly fortified with barbed wire, dugouts and all the defensive attributes of a fortress." The destroyer damaged off Buna probably also was sunk, headquarters said. STORY OF BATTLE The communique told this story ot the air battle against the enemy ships: "Enemy naval forces under cover ot darkness again attempted to land reinforcements to the beleaguered garrison but were shattered and repulsed and the attempt was unsuccessful. 1 'A light cruiser and four destroyers made the sortie. Our heavy and medium bombers intercepted with flares and 500-pound bombs in Huon gul! and sank two destroyers with direct hits and sever.el am.aged a third. "'Thls latter was dead in the waler for 25 minutes and then was seen heading for land at a speed ot six knots. It is probable she also sank, as our !ear air cchelon.s searched her possible area of position without seeing her. LOADED WITH TROOPS "The ships were apparently heavily loaded with troops and those on the destroyed units undoubtedly were lost. "The light cruiser and the remaining destroyer fled to the north." On Nov. 19, dropped flares disclosed a light cruiser and two destroyers in a similar sortie. The MacArthur bombers sank the cruise,: and one destroyer and damaged the other ship. Nov. 22, another Jap destroyer was bombed and sunk. Today's communique also told of additional Allled air raids on Portuguese Timar and of two raids by Jap planes on Port Moresby, the southeast New Guinea Allied base from which the land push over the Owen Stanley mountains toward Buna began late last September. The Jap bombs intended for Port Moresby dropped harmlessly in the brush, the noon com! munlque stated. I ----- It took tJ11, old rellablo mu1clR power to mo\.'e £'Uns througlt the d,nse jun1JR H th~ Au1&i~s pursued the Japs acros8 the Owen Stanley mountains in New Guinea. Here a &"Un crew atruggles with a 25-pounder. The allies now have reachf'd Buna, principal Jap base. I �Fierce Jap Stand Stalls Buna Push Allied Troops Creep onBuna laps Slron-g Before Buna \1-1,-+.._ CLASHING IN SKIES Yanks Face Tough Job Dislodging Them, Gain Only by Feet (By Associated Press.) Reinforced by strong and well- equipped marine units, Japanese troops crammed into the narrow Buna-Gona beachhead are holding their major positions in the By nmRLIN SPENCER face of daylong air assaults and steady but slightly abated pressure from allied ground forces. Comparatively meager official reports from the New Guinea front Friday disclosed little geographical change in the battle picture in the last 24 hours. But a check on the Japanese dead confirmed earlier indications that the enemy, despite .severe blows by Gen, Douglas MacArthur's aerial squadrons, had succeeded in bringing reinforcements into action. Seven Ships Sunk. Since the night of Nov. 19 United States and Australian bombers have sunk a Japanese cruiser, four desrtoyers and two ]anding boats, have heavily hit and probab1y sunk a fifth destroyer and damaged another moving toward the 12•mile beachhead. A dispatch from the New Guinea f:ront said fanatical Japanese resistance and "beautifully•placed defense positions" confronted American troops. Maj. C. M. Beaver of Yankton, S. D., commented that "whoever said the Japanese can't fight defensively are crazy." "The Japanese are in there to stay until we kill them," he said. ''They have had a long time to prepare for our drive and they have made the most of it. It may take a long time to dislodge them, but we will lo it." Sky Battles Raging. The allied headquarters communlque Friday said some Japanese dead bore marine insignia and markings "indicating special landing forces of shock troops.'' The new uniforms of the Japanese marines and their excellent physical rondition provided further evidence that they had been landed recently in the frequent sorties off the north coast. Attacking allied air units were out in force throughout Thursday1 but so were Japanese planes. Formations of Zero fighters and allied bombers and fighters worked in relays over the narrow battlefield, interrupting low-level attacks occasionally for dogfighting. Six Zeros were said to have been j shot down against a loss of three United States and Australian planes. Twelve Japanese bombers raided the Australian port of Darwin and its airdrome overnight, but the cc-.mmunique reported that damage was slight. I I WITH THE AMERICAN FORCES SOMEJWHERE IN NEW GUINEA {Delayed) UP>-Fanatical Japanese resistanu and "beautifully placed defense positions" are confronting American troops in their drive to uproot the Japanese from the rain-soaked jungle defenses guarding the approaches to Buna, but the Americans are determined they· will drive out the Japanese in the end. It is becoming increasingly apparent that the task of knocking out the Japanese on the Papuan peninsula strongholds of Euna and Gona is more difficult than the observers anticipated .at the start. The Allled advance has been tortuously slow, measured in feet and yards, not miles. JAPS CAN FIGHT "Whoever said the Japanese can't ftght defensively are crazy," said Major C. M. Beaver of Yankton, S. D . "I've seen the Japanese defensive positions and they are beautifully placed, "The Japanese are in there to , !tay until we kill them. They have had a long time to prepare for our drive and they have made the most of it. It may take a long time to dislodge them but we will do it." Our airforce has been performing heroic . work in covering our troops but, operating from a base some distance from the battle lines they are unable to be there all the time and the Japanese Zeros and bombers are taking advantage of the lapses to strafe and bomb. Australian artillery is attempt~ 1ng to blast the Japanese out of Cape Endaidere, where the Japanese are resisting the advance of the Ameircan unit I have followed. WOUNDED YANKS The front is not more than 200 yards wide here, but the savagery of the fighting is shown by the long lines of American wounded coming back. The cape juts into the Pacific. It is heavy jungle up to the 300yard tip, which has a shoulder of high vegetation where the Japanese have constructed machine gun nests, hidden by undergrowth. So well entrenched are the Japanese that it is necessary to take the gun positions one by one. This is the land in which the Americans are waging their first big-scale ground action in the southwest Pacific area since the Philippines. IT'S A GRIM FIGHT For seven days they have been battling under the worst possible conditions, It has rained five nights of the seven since they moved into the front lines. They have eaten cold food day aftc·r day. Behind them other soldiers are trying to supply a modern army with methods a century old. Small coastal boats which run in defiance of the Japanese air force are unloaded by outrigger canoes and canvas rowboats. The wounded, loaded into the coastal boats by the same canoes and rowboats, don't complain. Here is the Thanksgiving dinner menu on this front: Bully beef and biscuits. In seven days with these troops I have heard no complaints; only a determination to finish the job. 1 11-,l_K·'t:J.... ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Sunday) (/P) - Riscking the deadly },tombs of Gen. Douglas MacArthur's planes, Japanese naval force again is m aneuvering off the New Guinea coast neat Buna wh ere theh- ground forces have been pinned against the sea the high command announced t;o.. Australians and Yanks Inch Forward Under Heavy Fire \\ • a.'\ - 'I-..,_ Reinforced Foe Troops Battle Desperately to Hold Positions YankFliers R~l4)~P Base By LEE VAN ATTA UNITED NAT ION S HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Saturday) - (INS)-Fierce Japanese counter-attack in the BunaGona area 10f northeastern New Guinea were repulsed with heavy losses Friday by slowly advancing American and Australian troops, it was officially announced today. Inching forward in the face of concentrated Jap fire, Allied troops are making steady progress against the desperate resistance of the enemy garrison holding the tiny Buna beachhead. Throughout the day artillery duels, punctuated with screaming strafing planes of both the Allied and enemy air forces, made the 40square-mile battle strip an inferno of steel. JAPS REINFORCED Crack Japanese marine shock troops that have reinforced the Buna garrison sustained heavy casualties in futile counter-attacks against Allied forces throughout Friday, the communique revealed, while Allied air forces again dominated the skies over Buna. Marauding B-26 an d attack bombers assisted the Yank and Aussie groun,d troops in repelling two Japanese attacks during the day. Meanwhile, a new and significant development was reported at Huon gulf with the announcement that Allied air units had bombed an enemy submarine there. Thi! is the first time a Jap undersea raider has been reported in waters near Lae and Salamaus.1 and it was interpreted as an indication that the Japs may be . endeavoring to cut off Allied sea lanes, to the Papuan coast. 40 MILES OF FIGHTING An official spokesman said fighting on the northeastern New Guinea coast has been reduced to an area only 40 . miles square, embracing the . coastal sector just south of Bu;na to a po:int near Gona-which ts not yet conquered although occupied by Australian forces - and as far inland as a point near the Soputa crossing. Elsewhere on the South Pacific front Friday, B-25 bombers raided the Lae airdrome and raked dispersal areas with strafing fire, while flights of Hudson bombers and Beauflghters ranged against Timer, smashing at installations in the Novalusa and the Beco secton. Port Moresby, Allied base on the south coast of New Guinea, waa raided by three Or four Jap planes Friday night but their bombloadti dropped 'harmlessly into the bush fringing the town and airdrome, it was announced. · day. By JOHN M. HIGHTOWER _WASHINGTON (JP) - American aircraft, !Striking heavily at Japanese bases in the northwestern Solomons, were reported by the navy Saturday to have destroyed all buildings in the Munda area of New Georgia island and blasted the Kahili airdrome on the island of Bougainville. I I I I GUADALCANALMOFUP WASHI NGTON UP) - Amer ican ground troops on Guadalcanal tsI 1and spent Thanksgiving day mopping up isolated Japanese p_a trols, the navy reported Friday, and Secretary Knox declared that tp.e situation in the southeastern Solomon islands "looks very well.'' The secr etary reiterat ed at his pre,'s honference his belief that the enerny would mak e another attempt at reconquest of the islands, but he said that at the moment interest centered on the cam~ paign in New Guinea where the fighting is "very stiff'' and "our progress is pretty slow, as it would be under the circumstances." The Japanese on New Guinea, he explained, have been pinned back close to the coast around Buna but have dug themselves into strong positions so thoroughly that very stiff fighting has resulted. . Ground operations around American positions on Guadalcanal island were limited to local t:;kir1:1ishes. In a series of these a.-;., hons our patrols killed 50 Japanese and captured a number of machine guns Friday about six miles west l ~;q~~e s!:.erican airfield, a commu';['wo enemy bombers made the third straight night nuisance raid on American positions on the island Friday night. They dropped bombs n.ear the mouth of the Lunga river, but caused no damage. FOE LOSS HEAVY !n contrast with this greatly curtailed enemy activity, the result of smashing blows dealt the Japs in tht Solomons earlier this month was a rep.ort made here Saturda; by a marine combat engineer on the first two months of the American occupation of Guadalcanal. Capt. Walter R. Lytz said the airfield was repeatedly and accu- , rately bombed while he was there, alt.hough damage was quickly repaired; that day and night aerial attacks and night naval bombardments were frequent and that the Japan?se on land were constantly punchmg at the American lines so j that t~e engineer~ completing and extendmg the airfield sometimes had to fight all night and then work all day, I Saturday's communique, like all ?th~rs issued in the last two weeks, 1 rndicated that the Japanese have been enfirely on the defensive, excep_t for nuisance activity, since their greatest effort at reconquest of the southeastern Solomons was crushed by American air and naval power two weeks ago. That they are collecting for another big push, however, is gener. ally accepted in high naval quarters here and it is this fact that gave special significance to the destructive aerial attacks on Munda and Kahili-ba'Ses which the Japs would use in gathering their ships, planes, men and sup~ plies for their next try. Lytz, talking with reporters at the navy department, said that enem)'.' casualties -were very much higher than ours because the Japane'Se never let up when they try to take a point until they succeed or die. "Jap soldiers are either courageous or crazy," he remarked. "In a fight they're hell. "They rush a position at night, screaming. You shoot the hell out of them and they keep on pushing in. Their snipers get in the trees sometime'S and stay there for days.'' I I I �HES 3 JAP rl TROOPS Allied Air Attacks Balk Enemy at Buna Tw,o Foe Destroyers Sunk, One Other Is Damaged by B·ombers ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Thursday) (}P)-Heavy and medium bombers operating under General Mac:• Arthur's command smashed a Japanese attempt to land rein• forcements at Buna yesterday, sinking two enemy destroyers and damaging a third, apparently all heavily loaded with troops, Allied headquarters announced today. A Japanese light cruiser and a fourth destroyer also in the. TREE-TOP Sl\'IPERS COME DOWN TO EARTH- \I• :i.i• 4--,_ action beat a hasty retreat from the northern New Guinea shore "Go climb a tree/' was meant literally when the command was given Jap soldiers by their officer! under the heavy Allied pounding, carried out in darkness hy on Guadalcanal. United States marine sharpshooters, however, brought the nimble climbers down planes which first dropped flares and then blasted their lighted even more rapidly than they went up. Note split-toed tree-climbing shoes on prisoners in foretargets with 500-pound bombs. 1round, _(Marine corps 11hoto.). This latest success was announced in a noon coIIl:munique which disclosed that the fighting on land, continuing heavy, is slow and difficult in "low, tropical jungle, interspersed with swamp and tidal creek,'' and that the Allied I troops "are now encountering carefully prepared positions strongly fortified with barbed wire, dugouts '· and all the defensive attributes of a fortress." The destroyer damaged off Euna probably also was sunk, headquar·ters said. STORY OF BATTLE The communique told this story of the air battle against the enemy ships: "Enemy naval forces under cover o! darkness again attempted to land reinforcements to the beleaguered garrison but were shattered and repu1sed and the attempt was unsuccessfu1. "A light cruiser and four destroyers made the sortie. Our heavy and medium bombers intercepted with flares and 500-pound bombs in Huon gulf and sank two destroyers with direct hits and sevet:,ely....damaged a third. "'Tb~ latter was dead in the -water for 25 minutes and then was .. seen beading for land at a speed of six knots. n is probable she also sank, as our r ear air echelons searched her possible area Of position without seeing her. LOADED WITH TROOPS "The ships were apparently heavily loaded with troops and those on the destroyed units undoubtedly were lost. 1 "The light cruiser and the remaining destroyer fled to the north." On Nov. 19, dropped ' flares disclosed a light cruiser and two deStroyers in a similar sortie. The MacArthur bombers sank the cruiser and one destroyer and damaged the other ship. Nov. 22, another Jap destroyer was bombed and sunk. Today's communique also told of additional Allied air raids on Portuguese Timor and of two raids by Jap planes on Port Moresby, the southeast New Guinea Allied base from which the land push over the Owen Stanley mountains toward Buna began late last September. The Jap bombs intended for Port Moresby d1·opped harm' Iessly in the brush, the noon communlque _s_ta_te_d._ _ __ I TOUGH GOINGII- a.S- 'I-;,_ It took the old reliable nm1cle power to move i;:um1 through the dense junrle as the Auaaifll pur• sued the Japs across the Owen Stanley mountains in New Guinea. Here a gun crew 1trug1Iet with a 25-pounder. The allies now have reached Buna, principal Jap base. �Knock Out 21 Jap Warplanes \~-..-'tl.-Yank Flyers Fire Foe Base in Timor, Sink Barges Off Gona (B\· United Press.) Twenty-one more Japanese planes were out of the war in the south Pacific area Friday, all destroyed on the ground in Timor, as bitter ground fighting continued in New Guinea. Gen. Douglas MacArthur's air force Thursday night made one of its most successful raids on the enemy's air base at Kupang, Dutch Timer, leaving 18 Japanese bombers and 3 fighters damaged or destroyed, with smoke from the burning fu el dump bilJowing 1 1500 feet into the sky. The air force also sank two i barges of Japanese troops off ' Gona. Lieut. J. Dennett of Sydney, who led the raid on Kupang, said the Japanese were surprised and did not have time to man anti-aircraft guns. Fires Visible 50 l\Iiles. Fires from burning aircraft and fuel dumps were visible for 50 miles as the raiders left. Allied forces on New Guinea Friday were wiping out more enemy machine gun nests and snipers on the fringe of Japanese defenses around the Buna mission and at Sanananda point. Australians who have narrowed the enemy position at Gona, northwest of Buna, to the point where it extends only 200 yards from the beach. captured two strong machine gun positions Thursday. killing 10 Japanese. G. R. Sold·ier Has Slug from Leg as Souvenir 11•30•'1->-. SOMEWHERE IN NE,W GUINEA (Delayed) UP) -Wounded American dougb.boys came out of the jungle battleground near Euna Saturday and they all expressed the same idea - to get back into the field again and take on the Japanese. Corp. Louis Carpenter of Ronson, Mich., displayed a tobacco can which, be said, had saved his life. "I felt a bullet whang into my side with a sharp bite/' Carpenter said. "It glanced off this can and cut a nick in my arm." Sergt. •Richard Misner of Grand Rapids, Mich., proudly displayed his souvenir - the end of a small caliber slug which doctors had removed from his leg. Misner said he was on the Soputa trail headed for Buna when bullets started whizzing around him so fast from both sides he didn't 1 know he was hit until his leg gave way. The next thing he remembered was waking up in the morning and finding the bullet tied around his neck. Another Michigan boy, Private Raymond Worst of Coldwater received shrapnel wounds in the shoulder in the fighting around Cape Endaiadere. Richard Misner is the son of Mr. and Mrs. Roy Misner, of 4027 W River rd., Comstock Park. I DECEMBER I, 1942.- Japs Do 'Suicide' Dives [on Ship~,-~en All's Lost PushAttackr, lnGonaArea ! Allies Seek to Widen Wedge Splitting Jap Forces DESTROY By CHARLES M'MURTRY WITH THE U. S. FLEET IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC UP) -Jap suicide divers? No! Crash divers, yes-plunging their planes , into our ships after their own fate already is sealed. Afire and knowing they can't save themselves, these smart little monkeys inflict the greatest damage possible before they die. It is a first rule ot war. But suicides-never. The pilot or a furiously-burning BARGES (By Associated .P ress. ) With only a matter of yards separating the Japanese and allied lines in the jungle, savage fighting flamed on the left flank of the New Guinea battlefront Tuesday. A spokesman for Gen Douglas MacArthur said th e fighting was "c1ose in" and particularJy heavy on the Gona end of the 20-mile strip of beach which represents the sole Japanese foothold left in Papua. In reaching the beach, allied patrols have driven a wedge between Gona on the west and Buna on the east. The allies Tuesday were using heavy mortar fire to destroy Japanese me.c;hine gun posts in the Gona area. Reports from New Guinea said artillery hits had destroyed four barges and started towering fires among stores around Gona. Destroy Nine Jap Planes. Allied flyers actively supported the ground units and, carrying the air battle to the Japanese with smashing blows, destroyed eight Zero fighters in the New Guinea area while anti•aircraft fire accounted for another over Darwin, Australia. In the biggest of the day's sky conflicts, a dozen American P40s and an equal number of Japanese Zeros tangled in dogfights over the Owen Stanley mountains and along the coastal jungle strip where the ground forces are locked in combat. The American fighters blasted seven of the foe's aircraft out of the sky. They lost two of their own planes, but the pilots were saved. Another Zero fell the victim of the guns of a Flying Fortress over Vitiaz strait, off the coast of New Guinea between it and New Britain. I (The following story was written by Charles McMurtry, Associated Press correspondent wounded when a Japanese plane crash-dived a U. S. carrier which the navy announced was sunk in an October engagement in the Pacific.) Tighten Ring on Buna~s .a\1. ~ Enemy Atte ting Reinforcement; 4 Destroyers on Way ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA, (W..dnesday) uP) Americans and Australians slowly drew tighter their ring of men and steel around the entrapped Japs at Euna in northeast New Guinea and the enemy, aware of the growing peril, is sending four destroyers in a n apparent reinforcement attempt, the high coinmand said today. . Having divided the .lap forces at Buna anU, Gona by penetrating to the north coast 900 yards fro:n 1 Gana, "our ground forces are slow- 1 ly contracting their grip on the enemy," Gen, Douglas MacArthur's noon communique stated. Even as the advancing Allies pushed the Japs closer to the sea supporting planes pressed horn~ deadly straffing and bombing attacks. An enemy dive bomber and two fighters were shot down. / The approach of destroyers has been a signal in the past to watch for attempts at reinforcements. Similar attempts already have cost the Japs a light cruiser and four destroyers certainly sunk and three others. probably sunk as a result of Allied aerial bombings. I I Japs Use 'Chutes I to Aid Trapped Buna-Gona Units 1:>..-s- 't:l. ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Saturday) (AP)Hard•pressed Japanese, apparently :finding too costly in ships their repeated attempts to aid trapped forces in the Buna-Gona ' area, w~re reported today dropping supplies by parachute in an aerial attempt to relieve their beleaguered comrades. The noon communique told of mopping up of pockets of opposition left behind by the Allied spearhead which fought its way to the coast near Gona and then turned toward Euna. More than 400 enemy dead have been counted. In addition, an estimated 40 Japs drowned · when two large barges were sunk from under them by bombers of Gen. Douglas MacArthur's air force. The fighting in sectors other than around Gana was ref . . rred to as intermittent. I Jap Women Fight Along w,ith Men on I>..Guadalcanal ·I· Y.;,... AKRON, Ohio UP) - Uniformed , Japanese women have participated in the Guadal"canal campaign, Marine Corp. Richard Fraley reported Monday. "Sdveral time our gunners have picked off Jap snipers in the trees in the jungles, only to find that 1 they were women in unif&rm/' de' clared, F1·aley1 heme on turlougb after- 56 hectic days of fighting in the Solomon islands. "Once a bomber crashed near us and, when the boys ran to the scene , of the wreck, they tound a Jap girl lying nearby, dead and with her , uniform partially blown off. They thought she might have been the bombardier or wireless operator.'' I Jap plane baa only one questionwhether to fall harmlessly into the ocean or to crash-dive a ship knowing he'll set it aflame and perhaps strike a disabling blow. There's only one answer-to crashdive. So crash-dive he does. ,Five Japs tried to crash-dive our carrier Oct. 26 in the Santa Cruz i!!lands battle. The :vtane of each was enveloped in flames. They knew death was but a matter or seconds. Three missed, by 30, 50 and 80 feet. Two hit. One started a bad fire which eventually was extinguished. The second, which already had torpedoed us, started a lesser blaze. The one which started the Worst fl.re carried three bombs, fortunately, the largest-a 500-pounderdidn't explode. A 100-pounder killed three men, wounded others, and started the fire. The second 100-pounder spread · fire but probably did little other damage. Suicides? No. They were only playing the game of war to the limit-smash the other fellow with everything you've got. All who could unloaded their bombs and torpedoes and fled to fight another day. That's smart, too-escape, get more bombs, and attack again. They can inflict far more damage that way than crashing with a damaged plane. I talked with many officers and men not only on the carrier but other ships. None recalled ever seeing a Jap attempt to crash a vessel unless his plane was on fire. I pointed out that the Japs, then, were not sutcidicg. All agreed. They hadn't thought ot it that way before, I Buna Convoy Driven Off 'l-3-'t~ Allied Airmen Down 23 Zeros; Yanks Mop Up ,~uadalcanal ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Thursday) (AP)Allied airmen have downed 23 Jap Zeros and driven off a naval convoy which attempted to reintOTce the entrapped Japs at Buna on the northeast New Guinea coast the high command announced t~ day. The ground ftghting for control of all northeast New Guinea continued in favor of the AIJies. "With support of our artillery and with close bombing and strafing by our air units, our troops have -driven in from the left beyond Gona and are advancing alQng the beach toward the center of the enemy's position at Sanananda,'' the communique stated. "We are mopping up atrong points which were overrun on our Iattack." WASHINGTON (AP)-Fighting through the jungle on Guadalcanal, American troops are carrying on a mopping up operation against scattered enemy groups, the navy reported Wednesday. r In one day of what the navy describes as "patrol operations" soldiers and marines knocked out at least three enemy installations kiliing 51 of the Japanese, captur~ ing three light artillery pieces and takin~ six mac~ine guns. I �splints and devices to immobilize fractures are available at the front line stations, Nicks sald the pref• erence still is for plaster casts. "It is too early to forecast the final verdict for these wounded from the Buna front," Nicks said. "We may have to perform some amputations yet if the wounds do Miracles in New Guinea \1•'° ~'tl, Army Surgeons Daily Are Performing Medical Wonders in Jungle Hospitals I'---------"'------------------' not heal Butprimary we do know that the properly. number of amjungle before obtaining primary (By Don Caswell.) putations has been greatly reduced and troops now have a far greater Somewhere in New Guinea-<LP} dressings. -In the swampy, feverish jungles Drenched with _perspira!ion after cha.nee to survive than in the past. of New~uine~ ar~y surgeons ar~ performmg daily miracles unheard of in World war No. 1. I have just visited an American field hospital in New Guinea bush country wh~re more tban 200 ~~~rs~l~fer;•:~{il~rn;,h:nJ~~-~~-~1~t~ the medical successes to the wide use of sulfa drugs and blood plasma and the inoculation of soldiers with activating shots_ \.vhen they th nd !~!e~v~u~aJ!~~ a agam when ey :i~~~d:ieso~~~~s ~-:r~~~i~:n ~~:~i:~ Nov. 19. In the last war surgeons would have expected at least a score of amputations from such an assortment of damaged bodies. But up to Thursday not a single one has been performed here. "Wonderful Job." Chief Surgeon Capt. Frank Nicks of Colorado Springs, Colo., said the record is all the more remarkable because some of the wounded spend two or three days in the feverish I Prefe~ Plaster Casts. "_T he advanced dressing stations also are doing a wonderful job," Nicks said. Doctors at these staticns diag• nose the wounds and apply primary treatment, usually sprinkling the injury with sulfa powder, and give sulfadiazine tablets to combat infection internally. At the field hospital great quan• tities of sulfathiazol are used and a gangrene serum is injected. Although many new types: of GRAND RAPIDS, MICH., THURSDAY, I DECEMBER Yanks March to Front in New Guinea • ) -?-If: h, "JAPS GET NO REST," WRITES CORP. WILBERT. American troops in New Guinea are "giving the Japs no rest," it is reported by Corp. Herman Wilbert, son of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Wilbert, 412 Fifth-st., N. W. One of several Michigan soldiers who recently have been on the fighting front around Buna, according to a press association dispatch from New Guinea, Corp. Wilbert declared: ''We keep our mortars going day and night. It's hard on us, 1 but think what it must be for them." Corp. Wilbert is one of the "three musketeers" from Grand Rapids who together last spring cabled 1jews of their safe arrival in Australia to their parents. The otl:).er two members of the trio arc Sgt. Russell E. Young, son of Mr. and Mrs. Roy E. Young, 108 Sum• mer~av., .N. W., and Corp. James DenBraber, son of Mr. and Mrs. Martin DcnBraber, 223 Mt. Vernon-av., N. V,.,7• Another Grand Rapids soldier mentioned in the dispatch is Sgt. Bob McGee, who told how the Japanese had sent over several air transports with accompanying Zeros to drop food to their troops by parachute. ' 1They must be running short of food," he said. I Allies Maintain Wedgt\1:l't~una Repulse Jap Attack on New Position Taken Near Mission Allled Headquarters, Australia(A')-Allied troops maintained their newly-driven wedge through Jap· anese posltlons to the sea between Buna village and Buna mission Monday and threw back a strong Japanese patrol which penetrated American lines at Cape Endaiadere. Allled forces cut the Jong, nar• row Japanese beachhead on northeast New Guinea into new segments Sunday by driving to the beach near Buna village. The advanced allied position was under fire from Japanese guns within the vlllage all day. Australian 25'-pounders hammered at the mission area throughout the night in answer to heavy machine• gun and artillery fire. I The Japanese were reported to have suffered heavy losses in their attacks on American lines at Cape Endaiadere. The allies now have retched beach positions at four places-on each side of Buna and on each side of Gona. Three Alternatives. At the point of the latest allied penetration the Japanese have a series of stockades along the beach and reports from war correspondents said the foe had but three choices, to fight to the death, to surrender or an attempt to escape by the sea. Fifteen Japanese bombers and sixteen Zeros attacked one of the al• lied rear positions shortly after noon Sunday but no damage was reported. Flying Fortresses raided Rabaul. Japanese base in New Britain, shortly before daylight Sunday, lighting their targets with flares and then dropping explosives and incendiazy bombs on the town, air• drome and harbor. ' T-010 . Tells Japs War Has Reached Critical Moment \ 2.-,-'t-~ NEW - .,,.ORK (INS)-The Japanese people were told Tuesday by their premier, Gen. Hideki Tojo, that Japan has entered "a critical point in this ·war" and that the nation "must use all it'S training and skill to foil the enemy." In a broadcast meant only for .Japanese ears but recorded by the federal communications commission, the Japanese leader stressed what dangers lay ahead for Japan. The !9peech was in marked contrast to Japanese transmissions meant for the United :States, which consistently give an optimistic and rosy picture of developments witb'.in Japan. Capt. Nakae Yahagi, chief of the .Japanese army press section_, complained that the "Japanese people do not feel the fighting spirit" in another broadcast to the empire. He warned that "America believes she will win this war if it is a long one." YANKS "GO NATIVE" IN NEW GUINEA-NEA Telephoto I United States troops head into midstream in a native "outrigger" to board small boats that will take them to a. forward position in 1'ew Guinea. They are part of the allied force 1 pushing Jap forces toward the sea near Buna. \ 10, 1942. �MAC ARTHUR 3 • DAY, DECEMBER 11, 1942 Japs' NEl.oosened as Cona Falls Buna Hemmed In by Allies Bombers Rake Anew Tom, Narrow Strip Held by Nipponese MELBOURNE UP)-Japan's disastrous foray in to southern New Guinea as a preliminary to invaadon of Australia neared its final phase Thursday with the announcement that Allied jungle fighters under personal command of General Douglas MacArthur had wiped out the stoutly-defended enemy beachhold of Gona and were closing in on Buna to the south. With the fall of Gana, announced by Prime Minister John Curtin of Australia, the surviving Japanese karrison of the ambitious force that tn mid-swnmer threatened the main Allied base of Port Moresby, on the south coast of New Guinea, was left holding only a few miles IEPULSES JA~PS FRIDAY, DECEMBER 11, 1942, ews of a World at War of bomb--torn ground at Buna. CAN'T HOLD l\lUCH LONGER That Buna could hold out much longer against American forces already at ite outskirts and fighting bitterly for possession of its airfield was doubtful. Dispatches from that sector said American troops were entrenched at two places at one end of the Buna landing field, with Japanese blazing away from the other end. Allied bombers were reported raking the narrow Japanese-held zone between the air field I Foe's Second Try to Escape from Buna Trap Foiled ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA, (Saturday), UPl-Repulse of Japanese counter-attack• at Sanananda, between Gona and Buna on the northeast New Guinea coast, was announced by the high command today. 41 South of Sanananda the enemy repeatedly counter-attacked bnt we.a bloodily repulsed/' the noon communique from Gen. Doug1as MaoArthur reported regarding the showdown batl1e for control of all northeastern New Guinea. In the Buna area, anti-aircraft and machine gun positions of the trapp~d Japs were silenced by Allied artillery and mortar fire. MANY JAP DEAD In the ftnal stages of the battle which resulted tn the A1Ued conquest of Gona, 12 miles up the coast from Buna, at least 440 Japs were slain, with other dead yet to be counted. Sixteen were taken prl1oner. The failure of the Japs to break out of entrapment was the second such reported 1n as many days. Yesterday's communique told ot the repelling of counter-attacks in the Buna sector. Jap planes dropped supplies tG their beleaguered ground troops. I I and the sea. Prtor to Curtin's announcement that MacArthur's men had cleaned out the Gona sector, the regular communique from AlUed headquarters had told ot the 8mashing of a Japanese attempt to break out of the coastal trap under cover of darkness. Ninety-five of the enemy were reported killed and four tured, bringing to more than 400 the number of Japanese reported slain in that area in recent weeks. THRUST BEGUN LAST JULY 7 The Japanese made their initial Janding at Gona last July 22 and from their Gona-Buna beachheads atarted an invasion drive which carried them across the towering Owen Stanley mountaints to within 32 miles of the important Allied base at Port Moresby. Then they w~re halted and subsequently were forced to begin their first real retreat of the war back across the mountaim3, finally to be hemmed in on the narrow strip between Buna and Oona and cut off from relief from the sea by American bombers and warships. Curtin in his announcement of the fall of Oona paid tribute to the American planes and fighting ships in preventing the Japanese from reinforcing their troops either in New Guinea or at Guadalcanal. "American 11uperlority by land, sea and air and American capacity to reinforce Guadalcanal are good omens of ultimate success in the conflict tn the southwest Pacific," he •aid. Allied headquarters, expanding on the continuous and deadly assault on Japanese communications and supply points in the Solomons, reported that 10 enemy planes had been destroyed and four others damaged so badly they probably crashed when American Flying Fortresses and Liberators bombed the Japanese airdrome at Gasmata, New Britain. Every Amerl'.an plane was said to have returned from the raid. Blocks Enemy !in Showdown cap-I -Central Pren l\lAIL l\lUST GO THROUGHConstant vigilance ls maintained in New Guinea by United States troops against Jap snipers, even when the mail arrives. Theso American troops are sorting- the mail while an efftcient-lookins sharpshooter, left, keeps his eyes open for any trouble. The photo was taken near the Buna area where allied troops have tho Japs trapped with their backs to the sea. THEY'VE STOPPED JAPSEnterprise and good jungle-fighting ability on the part of Australian and American forces have brought the Japs to bay along New Gulnea's north coast after a drive across the island. Allied soldiers of the two countries are shown, top, marching from the transport planes that landed them on the Jap flank. ONE DOWNS 5 WASHINGTON, UP) - A Ion• army Flying Fortress recently fought off 15 Japanese Zero fighters over the ts1and of New Georgia, destroyed five or them, and returned safely to its base, the navy announced Friday. A communique reporting this tn-ctdent announced also that the auxiliary cargo ship Alchiba had b?eTJ. i-unk in the Salomons area by enemy action. Reports teaching here indicated that only three men were lost in the destruction of the ship and those were listed as missing. The destruction of the five Zeroes raised Japan's plane losses in the Solomons, as announced by the navy here, to 631. Loss of the Alchiba boosted the total of announced United States ship losses tn the Solomons area to 27 sunk. An unannounced number of American ships have been damaged. The Japanese ha\•e lost ~2 sunk, 4 probably sunk and 79 damaged. �GRAND RA PRICE THREE CENTS FIFTY-EIGHTH YEAR MACARTHUR~ MOVE ** * *** 1 ForceRouted \~ ~1-'rl,, - Four Reported Wounded in New Guinea Fighting Bom hers Fire Destroyer, Chase Others Carrying ' Airl to ~ew Guinea Four Grand Rapids soldiers have been reported thus far as wounded in the fierce fighting on New Guinea in the southwest Pacific on Nov. 26 (Thanksgiving day) and Nov. 27. Official telegrams from the adju- tant general's offices in Washington have been received by parents of the injured fighters. Three of the soldiers were reported wounded seriously. They are Corp. Franklin Bice, 21, son of Mr. and Mrs, Royal E. Bice, 321 Franklin-st., S. W ., and Pvt. Clare R. Earlywine, 18, son of Mr. and Mrs. Louis Earlywine, 904 Arianna-st., N. W., and Sgt. Donald Atchison. 23, son of Mr. and Mrs. Robert J. Atchison, 1652 Jefferson-av., S. E. Slightly Injured. ''Slightly injured" was Tech. Corp. Bernard C. Schondelmayer, 24, son of Mr. and Mrs. Corna Schondelmayer, 247 Dickinson-st., S.E. Scl:ondelmayer, who was attached to a cannon company; Atchison, who attended Davis Tech and South High schools, _and Earlywine were injured on Thanksgiving day. Corp. Bice was wounded Nov. 27. With Corp. Bice on the Pacific island is a brother, Sgt. Debera BL::e, 22. He wrote in a letter to his parents recently that Franklin had been in the hospital in October, but had recovered. Were Guardsmen. Earlywine and Corp. Bice left Grand Rapids with the national guard in October, 1940. Bice enlisted in the guard when 17. Pvt. Earlywine attended Harrison Park Junior High school before enlisting in the guard at the age of 16. He has a brother, Louis Earlywine, jr., in the army at Hawaii. Sgt. Atchison left Grand Rapids to join the army in April, 1940. His older brother, Willis, 34, is In the navy and is stattoned at Norfolk, Va. Corp. Schondelmayer was inducted into the army April 20, 1941. His mother received a camp Christmas greeting from him, entitled "Hi Folks," last Friday. The greeting had been mailed Nov. 17. The corporal jotted on the greeting, ''Everything ok." A brother. Pvt. Daren Schondelmayer, 20, is in the armed force at Fort Knox, Ky. AU of the parents were advised in the official telegrams that "period reports will be forwarded \Vhen recPJved" in Washington, / Repulse Japs Off Buna-Gona Another Jap Local Soldiers Hurt in Battle MacArthur Fliers Send Foe Convoy Scurrying Away 'l -'\-'t~ fB\' .ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Wednesday) (1p) _ Anothe1· frantic attempt of the Japs to rush warships to the aid ' of their faltering forces pocketed at Buna and Gona on the coast of northeast New Guinea has been repulsed by planes of Gen. Douglas MacArthur's air force, the high command announced today. , While Allied ground forces at Buna were throwing back a counter-attack with heavy Jap lo'sses and Allied planes constantly harassed the entrapped enemy, this ~:;~~se~as given of the warship ·A~ sociuled Press.) Allied bombers Wednesday had broken up a new attempt by the Japanese navy to reinforce troops in the Buna•Gona I area of New Guinea, setting one of six enemy destroyers afire with two direct hits and forcing the remaining five to flee northward, an allied com· munique reported. American bombers, inc1uding Flying Fortresse_S', flew to the attack and scoted direct hits on the leading destroyer with" two 500pound bombs~ Bombs fell close to another destroyer and it was reported listing badly as the fori:: turned northward. The communique said the leading destroyer was "enveloped in flames," but ~ts ultimate fate was not disclosed. It was the fifth time the Japanese have attempted to ,ferry relief to the ground troops in the EunaGena area. One light cruiser and four destroyers were sunk in the previous four attempts. 1 On the New Guinea shore, allied forces which drove a new hole into Japanese lines a few days ago and reached the beach near Euna fought off strong counter-attacks. At least 40 Japanese \Yere reported killed in the fighting. Allied troops advanced slightly in the fighting around the Euna air· drome and the communique reported that a11ied planes were continuing their attacks on Japanese positions. -------- Hides With laps l~-ll-'f-J, Un der House, T hen Helps Kill Them Washington - (JP) - A Unitf'd States marine corporal from Brooklyn, N. Y., spent several terrifying hours hiding under a house in the Solomons with 16 Jap riflemen, the navy reported Friday, before he got away to direct an attack on the party by marine machine gunners. The corporal, Robert B. Pape, became separated from his comrades when the Japanese attacked his invading party on Tulagi island Aug. 8. He ducked under a house to hide. Then marine machine gunners opened up on the Japs and 16 of them crawled in with Pape. For• tunately it was before dawn and they did not recognize him as an American. As t~e dawn brightened, Pape began mching his way from under the house, hoping to escape. A Jap officer recognized him and s~ot him ill: the leg. Pape got outside, however, and yelled directions fo!' nearby machine gunners, who wiped out the Japanese. *** "An enemy naval force of six des~royers attempting for the fifth time to bring relief to their ground b'oops Wa'S intercepted and attacked by our heavy bombers. Two direct hits with 500-pound bombs were ~cored on the leading destroyer which was quickly enveloped in ~i::,;s, The remaining convoy The previous four Jap navy attempts at reinforcement and assistance have cost them a crui'ser and at least four destroyers. Today's noon communique also highlighted charges that Japanese aerial units ''have violated the laws of war by repeated attacks upon Allied hospital installations killing doctors, medical personnei and patients." "On Nov. 27,'' the communique stated, "an Australian field ambu~ lance unit in the Soputa area and an Aplerican regimental dressing station werE; bombed, killing 29 and wounding 31. On Dec. 2, an American field hospital in the Buna area was bombed without damage. On Dec. 7, this same unit was bombed twice in a single day by Jow altitude divebombers with casualtie'S of seven killed and 30 woundec;l. In each case, the tentage was conspicuously marked and the medical cha1·acter of the installation was unmistakable." On the Allied aerial front, a bom!:>e1· attack was reported made on the airdrome at Lae in New Guinea, which caused explosions and fh•es among fuel and ammunition dutnps; the airdrome at Ga~mata on New Britain island was bombed and strafed; and two enemy fighters were shot down by a reconnaissance group over Rabaul New Bl'itain. ' I 1 I PVT. CLARE R. EARLYWINE, 18, left, of 904 Arianna-st., N. \\'., and CORP. FRANl;{LIN BICE, 21, ot 321 Franklin•st., S. \ V., who were wounded seriously in the New Guinea fighting with the United States army Nov. 26 and 27. They are two of four Grand Rapids soldiers reported thus far to have been wounded in the battle on _ the south Pacific island. \ 4 -'I . '/- l. I WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1942. B eat Japs at Own Game Marines on Guadalcanal Adapt, T heir Fighting Ways to T hose o f Enemy (By J. Norman Lodge.) "The Japs are good fighters but Guadalcanal-(JP)-The marines poor soldiers." Japs Meet Their l\Iatch. again have the situation well in ''This is the first time they've hand. I have just returned from the ever met their match. They won't Jines and an interview with Lieut. surrender, It's a fight of exterCol. Cornelius P. VanNess of San mination. Even when we have the yellow-bellies downwind we have Francis<;:o. ''We have been averaging 50 to l to blow them out of their fox holes shoot them down, blast them out in fatalities,'' Col. Arthut said. "In one raission we counted 400 of caves and bayonet them." Several times in the interviews l Japanese dead without a single "hit the deck." The snipers scored marine fatality. several near-misses, but the colonel JapS Skilled Figh ter s. talked on as if he y.,as on the back t•we've learned that the Japs porch of his South Carolina home. facing us are veterans of Burma The fighting strip is the most inS!ngapore, Sumatra and the Philip- accessible I ever have encountered pmes, and are thoroughly skilled I've fought at Be11eau Woods and fighters. They fight only by night the Argonne, but those woods were and snipe by da,y. like a picnic ground compared "We are beating them at their with thls. own game and are greatly aided by Tak e It in Str ide. our ack-ack (anti-aircraft), which has been truly mag_nificent. Those There are flies as big as B17's boys are so darned good they sur~ m~squitoes seemingly as large a~ prise us every day. They've been flyrng boats, a terrific sun by day averaging so many hits the Zeros and rain by night. no longer strafe our boys, which is Slimy salamanders as big as baby 1 a Godsend. Tl').e snipers are bad crocodiles scamper along the' enough because it's almost impos~ ground, and although they are sible to spot them in the trees to ha~mless they give one a creepy j fchng. But the marines .;.nd sol~ which they've tied themselves. _"The Japs infiltrate in the night, diers have been taking it in stride, i hide out in the tree-tops, and al- :t~fde~.hey-e made might" long though it's suicidal they continue such tactics day after day. �1tnt;;;;ting More Bor'1.~!.3 for Japs l (By Maj. Gen. L. K. VanOyen.) Jackson, Miss.-m.P.l- The black• est day of our Jife w as March 7, 1942, when Java fell and we had to obey the orders of our govern• ment to ~ withdraw to Australia. Now, a year later, the road back to Java has been charted and needs only to 1/e paved. ln the last year, 1 am happy to report, the air force units under my command have become stronger and better equipped than they were when the Japs swept down on the Indies. A part ot my men- now the instructors in JacktK>ll-escaped at the end of the fight, which was gallant' but hopeless against an overwhelmingly superior Japanese force. They aow are taking to the skies again in new equipment and they are taking with them a great nlim.ber ot younger boys, trained . by them as pi1ots, gunners, observers, etc. Outlook Was Dark. On March 6, 1942. it had become ~Jear that the fight was finished, as far as our air force was concerned. We had thrown in everything we had. Our men had pounded at the invasion forces and blitt exacted a h'ige toll from them. I can give no detail, but the number of Jap cruisers, destroyers and transports sunk and damaged by our bombs was greater than the number of bombers we had at the beginning of the war. We had already Jost a part of our air strength-what little there was -of it-in aiding our allies in Malaya and we had virtually no rep]acements. Our fighter and bomber force was virtuaBy gone in the first days of March. On Saturday, March 7, we boarded a small army transport plane on a secret landing strip 1south of Bandoeng and the pilot ilook off from a road used as a. Clte1 U. S. Off.er. Arriving In Australia I found thing but sympathy for The etherlands East Indies. The tnerican and Australian force ~, offered us all co-operation in reconstructing our air force. Our alli~s were as anxious as we to speed the way when we could embark on the road back. A large number of our air men were jn Australia because our ttying school and that of the Royal , Netherlands navy already had 1,een sent to that country in February as a p'recautionary measure. We worked out plans whereby all these men would remain in Australia for Lraining with new equipment. But AustraUa lacked the facilities to train all of th'em. ; and then the United States stepped in to help us. We asked for and got facilities at American bases for training of our bomber !J.Ild fi g hter , crews. Ar; a re;ml · the Royal Nelhevlands military flying school was set up last May at the .Jackson army ait base. Thanks to magnificent co-operation from the Americans, w e have been able to do a good job. Good Training. 'Xhe boys are getting better training than we dreamed possible a year ago. The recent graduation class showed its wings in a ma~ flight across the United States Jn January. Flying bimotored planes they spent a week in mass and indiv idual maneuvers that took them to Los Angeles and back, over unfamiliar terrain, fl ying in the face of bad weather. Now they are going back lo the war theaters and they will carry with them a love for the Americans with whom they worked in close harmony here. I don't believe any of The Neth,erlands airmen will forget what Maj. Gen. Ralph Royce, commander of the soµtheast training command, told them at the graduation of Feb. 13: "Take along a few extra bombs and drop them off for me.'' They are aching to get back into the fray. Most of the older ones, the instructors, have personal scores to settle with the Japsmen who Jost their homes and familles and all of them have a national score to settle. One day soon these men will help in bomb- · ing the daylights out of the Japs , j - 1, • Y..3 - - By KIRKE L SIMPSON AMoclated PreH War Anal)'llt Th, hattle of the Bismarck sea, at < ,,.troke set invasion appre• hens1uns in Australia definitely at rest. To what extent the .Japanese offensive-defensive perimeter in the southwestern Pacific, alrady dented at Guadalcanal and Buna, was fur• ther buckled and rendered vulnerable is yet to be revealed. There can be no doubt, however, ~ t a blow to Japanese prestige and to Tokyo's dream of conquest out of all proportion to the one-sided losses In• fllcted on the foe has been dealt. It hi>• definitely moved up the hour when Japan can be brought to grim reckoning. + + + The only logical explanation yet available of Japanese purposes in risking the disaster was to rein• force beleaguerd and critically im• portant outposts in northeast New Guinea. MacArthur is steadUy closing in on Salamaua ·a nd Lae, southeastward protective redoubts for the whole Finschhafen peninsula. That bold promontory juta eastward to form the southwestern shoreline of Vitiaz strait, the narrow waterway that separates New Guinea and New Britain. In Allied hands it would be a menacing jumpoft across 60 miles or so of sea to a landing on New Britain. It also would bring Anied air bases within less than 400 miles of Rabaul, main Japanese concentration base and from which the ill-fated relief convoy started. Rabaul lies on the northeastern tip of New Britain, tack. That was due in part to previous Allied bombing of every Japenese advance fteld in New i Britain, in part to waning Japa... nese ability to replijce her air losses. + + + The American air attack that led to that enemy disaster was two--fold. Enemy air bases at Lae and Salamaua were effectively neu• trallzed by MacArthur's bombers while the sea-air action was in progress. While a break In the bad weather front appears to have helped materially, there is every evidence that the foe Balled into a carefully prepared Al}ied trap. One immediate result · must be to release additional elements ot MacArthur's forces for offensive use in his campaign to clear northeastern New Guinea as wen as the Papuan peninsula of Japanese toothoids. +++ It took weeks of preparation at Rabaul and elsewhere to the north for the enemy to prepare that reinforcement expedition. . MacArthur's bombers were hac,ing at it 1 day and night at long range. To the :final losses must be added those previously wr0ug!f at Rabaul and at sea by Jnceasant Allied bomber raids. The ~•Ible aggregate Japanese loss must run to more than 30 ships of all types, more than three score planes and above 20,000 lives. If the Japanese hold on the vitally important Flnschhafen pen-l insula ls to be strengthened, obviously a much greater effort wtll + + + be required. A major concentraIt Is to be assumed that Jap- tion of air and sea power, requiranel!le strategy in hoping to run ing time and exposing ships, the Australlan•American air gant- planes and men to Allied bombers let to New Guinea relied both on as It ls being effected, w~uld be weather and on a protective air necessary. umbrella. The expedition moved Without that major effort- down the coast of New Britain to enter Vttiaz strait 10 clo.se inshore until It was scattered by the Allied air attack that short-range Japanese planes based in New Britain should 11,ave been available to cover which Tokyo well may not dare risk, as Jt dared not risk a fullscale etrort to recapture Guadalcanal-the loss Or New Britain footholds is foreshadowed. , it. They proved utterly incapable of doing that againl!lt the sus- tained lon.--rango Allied air at• and helping to roll back the tide of invasion. Americans might Hke to remember on th&t day that lhe~e b_oys c_arry 'lhe St~rs and Stripes m the1~ h ea r ts next to The Net herlands tricolor. 1 Allies Keep Japs Ducking ;j·K-'f-) Pepper Nip Positions Over Wide Front in Southwei~ rn Pacific By VERN HAUGLAND ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Monday) (lP}-Allied airmen struck at a half-dozen Japanese positions over a wide front in the southwest Pacific yesterday, bombing an 8,000-ton enemy cargo ship off the New Guinea coast and shooting down a lone reconnaissance bomber off Darwin, Australla, a communique announced today. , The acceleration of aerial activity following the Bismark sea vtctory found the Allies hitting airdromes and ~uildlngs on th:e w~st~u:n:-:t~:!:r!~lt:,~:• 8~:i:alr~ ' SHOOT DOWN 8TH JAP SALAMAUA BASE RAIDED British Spitfires, in action only a Heavy units also raided the airfew weeks, shot down their eighth drome at Cape Gloucester, New Japanese plane in the Darwin sec~ Britain. Bombs were unload~d .,on tor, and a Liberator bomber crew the runway and near anTRi1rcraft bombed the enemy cargo ship in positions. The Jap base of SalaStephan strait along the northeast- m aua on the nm-theast . coast of ern New Guinea coast. Although New Guinea also was raided by a the extent of the damage was not heavy unit. determined, the ship was seen to reNin e enemy medium bombers'. esduce speed. carted by 15 fighter planes, raided The strongest Japanese aerial re- the Vivigani area of Goodenough ply was made upon Goodenough is- island Sunday after~oon. They land in the D'Entrecasteaux group I caused neither casualties_ nor damoff the Papuan coast, but no dam- age, the communique. said. . age or casualties were inflicted, the "Our a ttack planes, m two fhg~ts, communique said. bombed and thoroughly machme• Allied bombers were active over gunned the Guadagasal saddle are~ a wide area. Two flights of medium (nea r Mubo) in 31 strafing passes, units bombed and strafed Toeal in the communique continued. the Kai islands, "causing further "In subsequent sweeps along the heavy damage and many fl.res in coaet our aircraft strafed a num~er .the waterfront area." \ of loaded supply barges near MmHeavy_bombers scored direct hits drugtu island and raked the runon· the runway of the Japanese air• way at Dona.'' drome at Gasmata, New Britain. - - - - -- The 8,000-ton Japanese ship was sighted in Stephan strait off New Guinea, the communique said. Re- i sult of the attack, made by a reconnaissance plane, was not report- I New Guinea, and the Kai islands ed. n rthwest of Australia, ~.--..._. I , Bismarck Sea Defeaf May Cosf Japs New Brifain Dutch Flyers, Trained in U. S., Are Going Bf!..ck to Even Score With Hirohito , lEditor' s Nole: One year after the fall ot Java, Maj. Gen . L, K. Van -Oyen, commander ot The Netherlands Indies air force, describes t,lans that are being lni.d to win bar'k 'The Netherlands East Indles. Gen. Van Oyen was at Honolulu when the Pacific war broke out and witnessed the Jap attack on Pearl Harbor. He served In the Indies durinli:' the i nvasion and was one of the few hi~h offlciab ordered to w ithdr aw from .Ta"8. at the eleventh hour. HI'! has J1UK'e organized the tralninlil: o:t Dutch flyers In the United States.) the War News �Jap Airpower Grows in S. W. Pacific -a - 'I - If 3 Nippon's Air Force Reported Growing ,- lfj Strong Force of Bombers Sinks Ship Off New Guinea ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA, (Tuesday) (lP)-A strong force of Japanese bombers sank a small Allied merchantman at Orobay on New Guinea yesterday, emphasizing official warnings that Japanese airpower is growing in the southwest Pacific, while in land, fighting 92 survivors o:t the enemy convoy smashed in the Bismarck sea have been killed or captured on New Guinea and 1Goodenough islands, the Allied high command reported today. Nine bombers escorted by 13 Ztlroa· swept over the little vn.. )'age south of Buna on the New Guinea coast Jn broad daylight to send the cargo vessel to the bottom. A spokesman for Gen. MacArthur, commenting on published reports from the United States hailing the heavy superiority of Allied airmen in this area as a resutt ot the Bisme.r,ck sea battle, warned that th~piy alr!orce should not be un,derestimated. "Japanese alrpower, in this area. at least, certainly isn't on the wane. Quite the contrary," he said. "It fs a well-known maxim that the loser always 45 Jap Planes Stage 3 · Raid on Wau, New Guinea 1 looks bad even though the margin that brings victory-sometimes overwhelming victoryma;r be hardly more than an eyelash. "Japanese air forces are increasing in atrength here notwithstanding past losses and defeats.. · .His planes are good and 80 are his fliers. Any disparaging discount of his air potential ts not only incorrect but dangerous.'' Fifty-five Japanese survivors of the disaster in the Bismarck sea drifted ashore between Longan! and Wa.nigela, two small native villages south of Buna, New Guinea. All were killed or captured, the communique said. At Goodenoug}l island, another Party of 42 drifted ashore and Allied ground patrols immediately attacked, killing 34 in bloody fighting and capturing three. Five others escaped but are "being pur!med." The communique did not mention ~ J ! l e r e were casualties in the "Mt1p's crew in the sinking of the Allied ship yesterday, ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN Japanese airdrome, was attacked I \ ~r:i~~;/~o,:t:: :~~~!~hp~:~ ably destroyed. The Allied plane returned home safely. The raid on Wau Tuesday occurred shortly after noon, with the planes coming in from the north- 1 west. The bombers, in a tight "V" f formation, made a single pass in : their customary patte,n of bombing. There was no indication that the raid was co..c,rdfnated With an increase in land activity, which ha.a been on a minor scale since the Japs were driven be.ck after approaching Wau. FIND POWER BARGE al~:i~d Y~~t!::!~uda:~:ie:a~~~munique had told or' the sinking of an Allied merchant ship by Jap bomb-ers in Oro bay b"elow Euna1 New Guinea. Wau is in the area where Af.. Ued advance patrols have been throwing the. Japs back toward A further search tor Japanese troops who landed on Goodenough island and on the New Guinea mainland was fruitless, but a power l.. barge was found on the beach at Goodenough. The barge gave evidence how the s1;1rvtvors managed to cover_ a con~ Salamaua. :~;!a~efrt~tar;:-~~~m:~:s s:! where the big Japanese convoy was Today's communique, one of the ]destroyed last week. brie.f est in recent weeks, reported Of 42 Japanese landing on Goodthat an Allied heavy bomber on ~nough, five escaped, Near Tufi on l~.fpnnaiSiSan,s::e in . the vicinity o:t New Guinea 55 wera killed or cap<!laam!Lta, N~w. Br,taln, site 9f a. Jured, BRIEF COMMUNIQUE West Michigan Veterans of New Guinea Back in khaki again after the strenuous campaign at the Papuan front, these American soldiers, many of them from Michigan, show with broad smiles how they feel about sleeping in cots again and getting plenty of nourishing food in their rest camp I in Australia, Names of MiChigan veterans of the New Guinea campaign are iti capital letters, Left to right, sitting, are Lt, Charles Kanapaux, Charleston, S. C.; Pvt. Allen Taylor, Fostoria, Ohio; Pvt. Glen Robert!llon, Elwood, Ind.; Pvt. Donald Stroup, Kokomo, Ind.; Cpl. Donald Stringer, Farnhamville, Iowa; PVT. ONNI SIIMES, Rock; Pvt. Albert Johnson, Lead Point, \Vash.; Pvt. Dale Wakehouse, Pisgah, Iowa; Cpl, Eddie Eben, Rosenberg, Tex.; PVT. FERDINA:ND ROCHALSKI, Grand Rapids; CPL. HOWARD DUTCHER, Sparta; SGT. DON FITZGl'JBALD, Grand Rapids; Pvt. James Workman, Caddo, Okla.; CPL. 'l;'EEMAN ROSS, Lapeer; Cpl. Eugene Makynen, Spokane, Wash.; SGT. ROSARIO RUSSO, Grand Rapids; Pvt. Clyde Leonard, Yelm, \\:ash.; PVT. GLEN GROTH, Tyre; Pvt. Clarence Wilkins, New Virginia, Iowa; SGT. ANTHONY MAZZARELLI, Grand Rapids; Pvt. John Nalepa, Cleve• land, Ohio; Pvt. James Kelly, Walla Walla, Wash.; SGT. GLEN FOLLETT, Traverse City; Pvt. John Jalsevac, Cleveland, Ohio; PVT. KENNETH BONDY, Boyne City; PVT, CHARLES FREI• AUSTRALIA, Wednesday, QP) Forty-seven Japanese planes have raided Wau, New Guinea, the Allied base some 35 miles southwest of Samalaua, the high command announced today. This heavy raid on an Allied base where last February the Japs suffered one of their biggest aerial defeats of the war added emphasis to a warning by a spokesman :for General Douglas MacArthur. He said the Jap aerial strength in the southwest Pacific was growing and that recent Allied victories, such as the sinking of the 22-ship convoy in the Bismarck, should not be in Australia -Photo from Robert J. Doyle, Detroit News Correspo BURGER, Grand Rapids; PVT. JOHN SUTTER, North Branch; CPL. ER~TEST RICHNER, East Jordan; Pvt, William Stover, Ottawa, Ohio; SGT. WILLIAM HELENIUS, Cedar Springs, Left to right, kneeling, Pvt. John Weiss, :Fort Dodge, Iowa; PVT. PAUL OSTROM, Grand Rapids; Pvt. Ray Sullivan, Bloom• ington, Ind.; Pvt. Beryl Schoepf, Lorenzo, Tex.; SGT. DAVID l\IATCHETT, Charlevoix; Pvt. Philip Kerwin, Clevelan<l; PVT. WAYl\"E WWING, Grand Rapids; Pvt. Carlos Salcido, Nogales, Sonora, Mexico; SGT. NEIL THOMPSON, Lapeer; CPL, WILLIAl\1 WELDON, Lapeer; SGT. CARLTON SMITH, Charlevoix; SGT, CASEY VANOS, Grand Rapids; Sgt. Oliver Hudson, Baker, Ore.; PVT. GEORGE MOSHER, Pigeon; SGT. ROBERT HEISE, Charle• voix; SGT. RALPH VAN BRUNT, Grand Rapids. Left to right, standing, Pvt. Kenneth Royal, Bryant, Ind.; PVT. FRANK KRULAC, Wayland; PVT. JAMES STUART, Attica; Pvt. Edward Thompson, JohnstoWn, Pa.; Pvt. James Kohl, 1.i'ruitland, Wash.; PVT. WILLIAM THOMPSON, Lapeer; Pvt. Paul Jahrlg, Plattsmouth, Neb.; PVT. CLYDE McDOUGAL, Hamtramck; Pvt. Samuel Rehm, Eads, Colo.; Pvt. Robert Wilcox, Vinton, Iowa; SGT. RALPH ABBOTT, Lapeer; Pvt. Eugene Underwood, Anaheim, Calif.; SGT. MONTE RUDNER, Detroit; Cpl. Thomas Thompson, West Frankfort, DI.; Sgt. Lyle Morse, South Bend, Ind, �spaper The Detroit News Tiu Only Aft,r11oon Paper i11 Michigan With Associated Preu Wirej,hoto Sn-w• I-\ Thu. - Heroes of New Guinea Who· Won MacArthur's Praise The photos on this page recall the recent order of the day in which Gen. Douglas MacArthur honored the troops who brought victory to the Allied forces in the almost concluded campaign in eastern New Guinea, during which the Jap stronghold of Buna was taken. The 32nd Division (Red Arrow) , composed largely of Michigan and Wis- consin troops, was mentioned in the order, thus carrying on the proud tradition the division established in World War I. In the photos below the Army has identified some of the Michigan men who took part in the battles that led to the capture of Buna and other strategic places, a significant Allied victory. Under cover of an artillery barrage that tossed Ja panese out of shoreline pos1t10n• (background ), American infantrymen swarmed across the wreckage of a bridge over Simemi Creek on the road to Buna, New Guinea. Ten minutes before the photo was taken. Jap fire covered the bridge from the right bank of the creek. American machine gunners occupied sandbagged positions along Simemi Creek at Christmas time. The Japanese positions ar-e- just beyond the tre~ . Grinning Sergt. Walter A. Baron, of Grand Rapids heaped his mess kit with food, his first hot meal in 22 days of fighting on the anananda front. Half an hour after these American soldiers sat in a captured Jap bunker on the Buna front, Dec. 23. and opened Christmas presents, they went into ·action against the enemy. At the extreme left of the photograph is P rivate Felix Ochod, of Detroit. �Charging~ Yanks Rout Japs With Bayonets By FRANK HE\VLETT (Copyr ight, 1943, by United Pre!s) WITH THE AMERICAN ARMY AT THE J3UNA GOVERNMENT ~TATION IN NEW GUINEA, Jan. 3 .;..,....(Delayed}-The Yanks wenL · . over the top at 10 -15 a. m. Saturday to take the government station area at Euna. At 4:27 p. m. they flashed this message to he~dquarters: "Station sector entered. It was entered at the bayonet point. There were no tanks in this tattle. The field guns, mortars and planes gave the Japanese a final softening up before the zero hour, and laid down a barrage as the troops advanced. But the infantry won the battle, the biggest vJctory to date in the Sout,hwest Pacific. Today the Americans and AustralianS mopped up, They searched the coconut groves all round the sector for hours, picking off snipers in the trees and the machine gunners who . had remained in their !1ests, playmg possum and pretendmg they were dead. They do not have to pretend any more. Now the burial squads are burying the bodies of our dead. A rifle marks each grave, The Japanese dead ~re being buried where they fell, some in in their trenches. The earth to bury them is bei~g taken fro1:1 the slit trenches which the Amer1~ cans and Australians are digging a few feet away as cover from enemy planes. The troops who won the battle are an inspiring cross-section of young America, national guardsme~ and selectees .. Most of t~eir officers are reservists. One h~utenant, a veteran of the Spamsh civil war, was a Communist Party organizer in Ohio a few months ago. I was here for the kill, to watch the Americans clean up the Euna mass f! situation after six weeks of tough :fighting in which they and the Australians all but ended organized Japanese resistance in the Papuan area of New Guinea. I never have seen such destruction, and I covered the Batan and Corregidor campaigns in the Philippines. Every building is in ruins. The area is a mass of shell and bomb craters, some 15 feet across. The coconut trees have been •shredded. The battle for this government station, the peacetime administrative center for Papuan New Guinea, opened at 2 a. m. Saturday. About 20 Japanese, desperate, tried to \ Michigan Men T!!~~- I~ ~-n!_~~ ew~ Fr!_"!_I!_om~-~-'-· I-D.,,..,..-'f- .3 I~-- ... . . --.-;~•; ,,........,...,.~····· break through the American lines. : They chose a narrow sand spit at ~hes:!fit :~~~eof0 been holding for four days The men in the forwa;d out-1 posts let the Japanese sift past them. They swung around a machine gun and at the right moment let tha japanese have it. Nearly ~very one was killed Some of the Yanks, ju~t off death-dealing duty, are bathing, using empty ammunition boxes for basins. Corp. L. LaBoda, Detroit, was cutting the hair of Lieut. W. A. Sikkel, Jr., Holland, Mich., using a large silk Japanese flag as a neck cloth. :h~t:;i~:n:-~;~ ~ - . ·! \ American troops in New Guinea, which include a large number of Michigan and ~isconsin soldiers, sit hut and listen to American news over the radio. - �THE DETROIT NEWS, THURSDAY, JANUARY 21, 1943 to New Guinea Follow the Flag • • • Men Fight Japs and Jungles (Tenth In a Serles) By MIRIAM ALBORN HAROLD J, COOLSEN .3 ·IS· l'-.3 Harold J. Coolsen Missing in Africa Corp. Technician Harold .T. Coolsen was reported missing in action in North Africa in a war department telegram received Sunday noon by his wife, Mrs. Joan Coolsen, who lives with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Wrosch, at 812 First st., NW. Mrs. Coolsen had received two letters from her husband this ~eek~e:::d f~!ieiai-eet. ~~b, lie a;!i sured hel' in both letters that he was "getting along fine'' and not to worry. 11 When I get back," he wrote, "I will have plenty to tell 1you." He gave no further hint of impending action, Mrs. Coolsen Isaid, Corp. Coolsen was inducted into the army in February of 1941 and I was with the largest United States \ convoy to land in Ireland, in the late spring of 1942. Prior to leaving the states, he trained at Fort Sheridan, Ill., Fort Knox, Ky., and at Fort Dix, N. J. He attended the armored force radio school at Fort Knox for three months and was made a rac!io operator in tanks, scout cars"-ti.n9 jeeps. He is a son of• Mr. 4,~d Mrs. Frank Coolsen of 853 H..ovey, st., sw. NEW GUINEA is one of the far places of the world that Americans never gave much thought to before the war. It wa; just one of those islands way off in the Pacific. Anthropologists were interested in the natives. British, Dutch and Austratralians got out a little gold and rubber, copra and coconut-but very few of them went there to ., live ' But now that New Guinea is ~~c!n~~r~~lr~:ir:p!~n~~ ~~~~ American boys are over there in the jungle-let's find out what the place is like. * * * WHERE 18 NEW GUINEA? New ~uinea, otherwise known as Papua, is just under the Equator, directly north of Aus• tralia. HOW FAR from Australia la New Guinea? At the nearest point it's less than 100 miles across to Cape York. n!:!!~?FAR Is New Guinea from :n, NATIVE VILL"AGE in New Guinea-grass roofed huts on stilts in one of the island's many small bays. top war news, considered very Greenland)-more than five times the size of Michigan. • • • \VHAT KTh"D of weather does New Guinea have? The weather is hot, damp, monotonous and generally undesirable. Rainfall is a little more or less than 100 inches a year, de• pending on the part of the island. The northwest section, which is nearest the equator, has constant ::~fl~se:iinn'1~;ir~ns~J~te ~~u:~; ~~~t1~fe;,oes on, is a little calmer WHERE IS Port Moresby? ;r The town lies among low green hills that encircle the harbar. Behind is a rising plain leading up to the Owen Sta nley Mountains, which are high and rugged. * * * WHAT ARE th e chief il11pedi• menis to fighting on New Guinea? Rain and swamps . . . mosquitoes ... tall razor-edged grass in the open spaces . • . underfoot tangles in the jungle ••. rough mountain terrain •.• and every• where perfect hideaways for snipers. N!~o:..I~~ PEOPLE live on From Detroit to Port Moresby, a ~;:0 ;~s~~ wt!~~oIT"u:~;:,e: Estimates range from 250,000 to 1 the capital of British New Guinea, half way down the southeaStern• 350/00 ~ersfn4. Census;.taktn; is · 1 1 is roughly S,OOO statute miles. most peninsula of the island, ~r:da~~r~ft~:;.. veB;~o~: HOW BIG is New Guinea? above the Coral Sea. the war there weren't many more New GuinEca is the second largWHAT DOES the country look than a thousand white persons. est island in the _w_o_rl_d_<_af_t_er__l_ik_e__:frc._;o_m_P_o_rt_11_r_o:..:r•..:•..:b.::.y:..:?_ _ _ _ _..:.WH:.=..:'1..:T:...:::::ABOUT head hunters? r; :~e~ es The natives still have plenty of tribal peculiarities, but head hunting is said to have gone out, and on the whole they' re pretty peaceful with each other. They do like their sorcery, though WHAT'S NICE about New Guinea? The birds are pretty-birc.s of paradise and other brightly col• ored species • • • flowers are abundant, particularly the hibiscus, which the natives wear in their hair ••. butterflies are gay and numerous ••. nights in the mountains are cool and starlit ••. and the primitive a1t is eagerly sought by collectors. WHAT TIME ls It In New Guinea? Port Moresby is 15 hours ahead of Detroit War Time. When it's noon in Detroit it's 3 a. m. the next morning in et1.stern New Guinea. Michigan Men Are Among U. S. Fighting Veterans in New Guinea -A ssocia ted Prc~s Photo Veterans of action if, New Guinea, these members of the United States fighting forces line up for a i;;rr.:.p .hot alongside - - - ~ of a native hut. Michigan men in the picture are: front row, ' Lieut. W. A. Sikkel. of Holland, Mich. >urth from left) and Fr, Stephen Dzienis, of Detroit, (sixth from left). In the rear row are Lieut. William Wills, o'f - <egon, (second from left and a t Lester Se al U. S. Marine Cor s of Ann Arbor fifth from left). _____ J· I " �lie Chips Are Down in New Guinea--tY on the Far-Off Jungle Front Taps' Last Papuan Toehold . Wiped Out'by Yanks, Aussies •tcd ~11Australian ~ <Bv ~,;;~ States and down from Cape Killerton and Wye point on the northwest while t the Americans drove from the ops have taken Sanananda pom southeast, between Giruwa and 1 Sanananda village, th e laSl Tarakena villages. I • panese strongholds ln Papuan ~ew Guinea, Gen. Douglas Mac- Japs Abandon Guns. The allies left behind them, as ,\rthur announced Tuesday in a they advanced furlong by f~rlong, ecio.l communique. abandoned Japane~e equipmeknt P d remnants of mfantry pac s Japanese remnants, all who were !~a ammunition. Japanese dead eft of the enemy's Papu_an ar~y were buried where they fell. ! 15 000 shock _troops mcludmg mv As~ociatcd Press.) al 'ianding pai:.lies and marines, ere sliced into four isolated P?Ck5 two on the north New Gmnca )~re, t\\!O inland, and their posin is regarded as hopel~ss. The climax came in a triple atThe Australians pressed Sanananda point, lying between previously captured ~oi:ia and Buna was the last remammg Japanese' stronghol~ i~ northeast~rn New Guinea. With 1t gone, action against the three pockets of trapped forces inland took o~ the character of a mopup operation. What Japanese now ar~ left in the corridor are inclosed m pockets roughly a mile west of Sanananda, about 1,500 yards e~stward from the point and behmd the main track roadblock. Using rifle bullets for chips, American soldiers play cards during a rest between battles on New Guinea while ,_ 1,-Y:) natives look on in bewilderment at the Yankee pastime. Closeup of War in New Guinea Sink Cargo Ship. On the aerial front, allied bombers sank an 8,000-ton Japanese cargo ship in the Blsmttrck s~a and blasted enemy airports and installations over a wide area of the southwest Pacific, an allied communique said. Heavy bombers scored two hits on the cargo ship and it "burst into flames from bow to stern, sinking in eight minutes/' it was reported. Allied planes again visited New Britain island, attacking Japanese shipping in the Rnbaul harbor and bombing the airport at Gasmata. Medium bombers and long-range fighters attacked Japanese supply dumps and installations at Lae, New Guinea, setting fire to two buildings and destroying a Japanese fighter plane on the ground._ Meanwhile land patrol groups m the area of Mubo, near Salamaua, skirmished with Japanese troops\ and killed 40 more Japanese, the communique said. I No maneuver, this, but actual battle action in the Papua sector during the successful drh c to Buna as Australians, under heavy fire themselves, clean out. a Jap pillbox only 30 :,,ards away. In the center is a U. S. built Gen. Stuart tank, manned by Aussies. �j-lS-'f..'.3 Pat Robinson Tens of New Guinea Battle Front l Sniper Shot 30 Japs, Then Ate American Fi9htin9 Men in Land of Jun9le Are Grandest in World This is the first article in a •v•e•t·i e sa of sNix byaPratcoRrroebsipnosnodn_, 0 1 0 1 8 '{v B!~fm!:~s}J('!{l~~ An\ marine used a chicken. \ingenious for Jap bait and killed 30 of the\ enemy in an afternoon. ent, about the New Guinea battlefront from which he has just rrturned. Robinson, dean of Amel'ican war correspondents on the strangest of all battlefronts, spent more than a year in that war zone with Gen. D o u g las MacArthur's forces. Thousands of Michigan troops have been i"l action on the New Guinea front and Robinson's articles should hold real interest for the home folk, especially in western Michigan. Corp. Howard H. Hoyt, Ill, San Francisco, veteran of the Solomons campaign, told the story here Saturday. He said: . . "This marine tied a wild chicken to a stake atop a small knoll and concealed himself in the brush. The cackling of the chicken attracted the Japs' attention and as they approached the knoll, this sharpshooter picked them off. "'After each kill, the marine would drag the victim away in tho\ underbrush. "Then the marine topped off the day by having the chicken for SUP- I per." \ By PAT ROBINSON (CopyrigM; 1943) I jungle, swamps and head-hunting cannibals. I have lived with some ol the grandest kids I ever met -tho eagles of the American air corps and the 1'flatfoofB" of the American infantry under Gen. Dougfa& 1'-lacArthur. + + + I have b;id the exciting privilege ot flying two bombing missions over Rabaul and Lae in the "hottest,. fastest bomber we have _ the B-26, sometimes called the Marauder. Incidentally, the boys fo the air corps never refer to the fancy names for their planes used by the public. They call their bombers the B-17s, B-24s, B-25s, B-26s, A-20s and the pursuits P38s, P39s and P40s, which respectively, are the Flying Fortress, Liberator, Nor-th American, Marauder, Bos• ton and Lightning, Airacobra and NEW YORK (INS) - I have just returned to the United States after a year and two months spent in Australia and on the strangest, toughest fighting front in the Klttyhawk. I wanted to make more than two world - New Guinea. - land of I I combat flights with the B-26s ,md a few with the B-17s but Gen. M:acArthur refused to let me go on the ground, as he said, "that a dead newspaperman can't write many stories." I tried to point out that a dead soldier can't fight many battles, either, but you know how much luck I had debating the point with a four-star general. MacArthur's funny that waywhen he gives nn order he makes it stick-as I discovered when I served un~er him with the Rainbow division in France 25 years ago. + + + Strangely enough, MacArthur was right and I was wrong. I had arranged to go on a third mission in a B-26 flown by Lieut. Randy Lanford of Anniston, Ala., the slowest drawling youngster in the air corps. Randy was t,. }eave on a Sunday and I was to go along with See :NEW GUINEA-Pai,e 7 IAmericans in New Guinea 1Best Fighters in World (Continued from Page 1) him, but Saturday night the order arrived barring me from going and Randy left without me. I sat around all day Sunday cussing my "tough" luck. When the boys returned :from bombing Lae, Randy was not among them. His plane had been shot down in flames five miles off Lac. Ho went plunging into the sea with both engines afire and the last thing the other boys heard from him was his slow drawl over the radio saying as calmly as if he were announcing he was going for a walk-''Boys, I'm going dowq." That was. a year_ ago. ~andy wa_s reported missing m action and it may be that he or one or more members of hfs crew might _have escaped somehow and been picked u~ by a Jap ~oat. But the othe,r pilots doubt it. A B-26 doesn t float and it's almost impossible to bale out of ono of them. He was a. g:an: :id and a game one and one of the best little pals a man ever had. But gameness is no rare attribute among our kids in all branches of the service. I have seen remarkable and extra.ordinary feats of heroism among air- death. But they have met and licked the Jap on ~is favorite fighting grou;1d-the Jungle-and they know it 1s only a question of time until they finish him. + + + How soon these boys can finish the Japs depends on how !ast you give them the needed plA.1.~s, -uns and reinforcements. It's· 1p tc you. Give MacArthur and hif gang the necessary equipment and they'll do the job for you as it st.ould be done. The boys are ftghtlnr as a team over there. Airmen, intransport and supply men all ::!~dto;::h:~c:e:~~:~~t ~:: other and they all are aware of that fact. The infantry couldn't get to first base without the airmen; the alrmen couldn't take an inch ot ground without the infantry; and neither could get anywhere at all lthout the engineers to build ~ads, bridges and air flelds-cutUni them out ot virgin jungle land -and the ordna'?ce men to feed them the ammunition. + + + I ltl un le ou_r men lead. a pr m ve j g life m New ~umea. the slee In the fightmg zones, .Y P on the ground, rolled up m their 2;~i~~1~t~J;;l~~t~~~~• Ii; ~~~::l;~: nt: ; might easily have saved themselves by bailing out and letting the plane crash. I've seen wounded kids muster a smile no matter how badly injured and I've known them to insist on manning a machine gun despite their wounds. They will raise hell about thelr grub or lack of amusement or living conditions, perhaps, but never will they complain about any hardships they may have to undergo in combat. They are fighting fools and to a man all they ask is a chance to finish the job and get back home and their !dea. of finishing the job ls to wipe the Japs off the face of the earth and march into Tokyo. . Everyone . of them realizes the 1task that hes ahead. They know the Jap is not a pushover. They don't nderest111;1ate hi"?. Neither do they overestimate him. They have found him a wily, 1 1 :r:a:::•t:h:i ::: their little pup tents between trees; and farther behind the front they often get the natives to help them build crude huts of bamboo poles and kunai grass with sloping peaked roofs for protection against the rain. Except for cocoanuts which abound in some sections of New Guinea, our troops live almost enUrely on canned and dehydrated foods, flown over to them by trans• port planes from Australia. The bill of fare 1s by no means fancy. There ts the traditional tinned bully beef, beans, hard tack, canned meat and ve~table rations, and sometimes dehydrated portions of meat and potatoes. The only beverage is coffee. The army cooks build their fires and sltng up their big pots just like native tribesmen. It may be a somewhat montonous diet, but the boys know they went into New Guinea to fightnot to feast. !~i~~r1;;:;·d-~i;~~~ li~~~henct~!~::a~ I frenzy and who often fights to the I I �Journal of Slain Yank Officer Reveals "'-'s·~ ~ Trip to Guinea Front Was Tough, Too standing and enthusiasm. ThlnlDing quite a bit of J. these days. How much there is to live for now. How much there will be to do after this war. I must pull through; I ~~P~~=tl~~1ge \V~~~~~e:cfy ~' ; ~: tlnguished for his superb coverage of will; I've just begun to live. the warfare in Papua. This dispatch Funny how little significance was sent by special radio to the Chicago Daily News foreign .service- and The time has to us now. Only today Grand Rapids Press. It will appear~ seems to matter. Increasingly, both two chapters.) past and future cease to influence (Copyright, Chicago Daily News, Inc.)' our outlook and sensations of ex~ Buna, New Guinea, Jan. 14.-This istence. Today is here, quite real is a journal of a voyage such as and not unpleasant; the past weeks thousands of America's fighting and months 6eem to have rolled with miraculous ease and spee.i men have taken, the voyage to into a half-forgotten limbo; tomorNew Guinea. For the brave and row is hazy, intangible and only high-spirited young man in this rell\otely thought of. Land Sighted, story it was a journey without re turning. The man who wrote these Nov. 18, 1942. line:; now sleeps wit h the men he A beautiful morning. Sighted land off the port side. 'Rocky, barled in the wet, dark soil of Papua, ren crags, about five miles west.. where he fell. ward. Usual bad dreams last night. This is not a journal of advenFortunate action is not far off; t ture; it is a spiritual journal. At resolve all these phantoms. It's hot the time this young officer wrote enough to broil the skin half off these lines he had not yet been in half an hour's exposure but this under fire. He had never led men is becoming a beautiful trip; just against the Japanese. This is not, then, a journal of like a travelog. But this warm, lazy life doesn't ordeal by battle. It is the journal create much of an appetite. How ot the ordeal that precedes battle, I'd like to dive overboard for a the struggle with self. In this swim. We're all becoming brown journal of a voyage by sea to New as nuts. Everyone in the pink of Guinea is the self-questioning that condition. This would be a wonis the spiritual preparation of derful trip to take in peacetime. democratic men for battle. Here Now there is too much of a burden is the examination of conscience. on the mind. The prospect ahead Here is the weighing of motives, t ends to sober u s all and diminish political and moral. the enjoyment of these natural Typical American. wonders which otherwise would be And in this journal, after this so acute. Rumors that in a big typical American self-questioning, naval engagement up north, the is the final decision, with clear Japs lost 15 ships. That would be intimations that this sensitive as something to hope for, but hard well as courageous officer guessed, to believe. even as he wrote, that the final Nov, 19; 1942, sacrifice might be his own. Up at 6:30 at usual. Can't sleep Margos D. Margosian was a sec· any later; force of habit and the ond lieutenant. He was of Arme- rattling of cans on deck as breaknian origin. His home was in Wor- fast is prepared. Very little appecester, Mass. In him the older New tite; but never felt better. AnEngland tradition was mingled chored early this morning, to re with his own volatile but quiet na· ceive orders. ture. Margosian was about 5 feet How I'd love to explore all these 1 8 inches tall and had a narrow face bays and islands with a sailboat. with dark hair and eyes. He was Rifle inspection at 10 a. m. Pretty in his early tw_enties when he died, good condition. The boys don't Here is the journal: need much prompting now to care Nov. 15, 1942, for their weapons. Boarded ship for trip north. Getting_ _ browner by the day. 1 Probably headed for Port Moresby. Coming closer to the equator every Men in pretty good spirits, al- day. A number of the officers are though obviously depressed at bot- cutting their bayonets down. The tom. Most of them are so young, result i~ an evil-looking dagger, so in love with life, so fearful of sturdy and capable. Discovered: the unknown terrors they imagine Chess players and two sets of lie ahead. Again, it is the old chessmen. Had my first game with story: If oilly they possessed a the doctor. real understanding of his war; why Nov. 20, 1942. it must be fought to a victorious Strange to be writing Nov. 20, in conclusion if we have to pursue the midst of such tropic heat. Still the Fascists to the ends of the anchored in the bay. Rumored earth; a new- era in our lives open- that there is another showdown ing up. It is definite now that we scrap going on in the Solomons, are going into action. and that our orders are being held Wo all realize that there will be up, pending the decision reached in some of us who d:o not come back. this latest battle. Wish we could It is a sobering influence, and con• get to a newspaper. For all we ducive to thought. know, a second front-land frontin Europe may by now have been The troops are really packed on successfully opened. this ship. It is actually a cargo This shipboard Jife seems to he vessel, with equipment in the lower like that in another world. Is<?lated htolds, anld mien in rthteheu~riorr h~~~ completely. Nothing to do but laze s rewn c ose Y ave , ., only ·a blank~t for a bed. Awa.its Test of Belief. Nov. 16, 1942, A cloudy, dismal day today. Still in the. bay. 'l'he prospect of action is like the influence of the flame on a moth. How many of us will this fire destroy? But that is something I, for one, am not wasting time thinking of. Sufficient that I will finally have the chance to act, to test my belief, to prove myself worthy of a wonderful woman. It is all very exhilarating. l Already, I can foresee that the life ahead will lift us out of ourselves, (Editor's note: The unusual journal of a "Journey to New Guinea," in which an American second lieutenant bares his heart and mind while at sea, bound for jungle war in which he met 1 I , e~f:V A Soldier 3Comes Home -,B ·l':;3 around all day, read, write, play chess, bask dreamily in the sun, gaze out over the bay a t the sharppeaked islands ringing us around. There is a calm beauty about tbis · all that seems to banish all care and worry from the mir.d. Our boys look more like beachcombers every day. Tanned, with heavy beards, in all stages of undress. Some few remain keenly aware that this m.ay be the lull before the storm. No doubt it is. Closer to Primitive. We are so tar away from home; the future is so uncertain; our environment so new, that it is hard to retain clear memories of the past; of home and loved ones. Daily we are getting closer to the primitive, with all its demands on the faculties; the 100 per cent attention and concentration which must be if survlval is to be had. However, the unconscious persists, and our dreams remind us of what consciousness, struggling to conform with a stranger reality, would forget. Once in a while, too, I yearn with a heart-burning desire for J., and at times I wonder if she has new men friends, who they are, to what degree they claim her attention. Then I get momentarily savage; then it' vanishes as quickly as it came. We are learning to be very sensible in this new life. The emotions are bowing to a discipline never before endured. Began reading book on New Guinea gold fields. Marvel at the courage and tenacity displayed by these Australian pr ospectors. Makes one wonder at the timidity felt by some at the prospect of landing on this island; with all the aids of a scientific civilization, and in organized numbers. But then we will be facing more than the usual evils of jungle sickness, vermin, head hunters and whatnot. There will be a savage, numerous foe awaiting us, at least as well equipped, and more familiar with the jungle. What a wilderness this New Guinea must be. The last stronghold of the primeval. Increasingly, the idea is taking hold on me: to bring J. here after the war, to give her all 1 W ounded Local Officer, in Battle Creek llospital, Tells His Reactions How it feels to go t o the end of the earth and return to your own country within one year is set forth eloquently in a letter ~:n:i:ni~ 0 ~s~ pita! by Lt. Edgar Foster, 22, to his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Edgar B. Foster, 3425 Oak- leLt'i os; ;':;·r, f who was wounded in action in the New i Gu i n e a campaign, arrived in San Francisco last week. By a curious LT. FOSTER, coincidence, his father, who was attached to the 17th ambulance company of the medical corps in World war I, also served under Gen. McArthur and, like Lt. Foster, received a serious injury to his right ankle. ''Everything is going backwards," the son's letter · begins. "From Michigan to Massachuse tts to Cali• fornia t o Australia to Port Moresby, over the Owen Stanley m oun• tains on foot to Buna. The n, 'Ba'.ng,' and the machinery is slapped into reverse. From Buna back over the Owen Stanleys by plane to Port Moresby to Australia and back to California." Now in Bat tle Cr eek. Actually, Lt. Foster is Qack in Michigan already. Just after his letter reached home, his parents learned he had been ·transferred to the Percy Jones hospital in Battle Creek. "It is good to be ho~ again," his letter continues. "It is good to be back where the people talk American, look American, and everything wears the stamp 'Made in the USA.' To see lots of automobiles on smooth, wide streets, tall buildings, dime stores and T'0 k yo W Orff$ Jap·a'nese to Exp_ect B,ombings J -~ 'I--- If~ NEW YORK, <lP,-Tokyo broadI casts are warning the Japanese people to expect air raids over · Japan and Increasing submarine tt k "'! a ac s upon s,. PP1ng. A war review broadcast, report:i~n~~a~:e flr::c:nZ~ywr: ;~fi°r~:= tinuing air raid• on ou1• forces. A "' !:~u~:~:ics~~e~~~~:~;; ;:!nfh:~= fore ihe enemy hopes to carry out raids over Japan. Chungking has many plane factories and field repair shops. We must realize the situation." _ As to shipping, the broadcast said ''The enemy is using her submarines in the hope of destroying our supply lines. Of course, we cannot underestimate submarine activities. We m ust expect further activities by enemy sub marines and therefore must build more ships to replace our lost ships.'' ~~~s ;r~~ ~f;hb;~~!~j!i which we all possess. We are playing for "!;>ig stakes. It is all_ a gamble, dangerous but worth while for no other way can a man's sensibilities be so sharpened. \i~ Al rP .. ,1 . . '° 1 ---------------------------------------------------------1 h amburg joints. It's good to be able to read the comics at Sunday mor ning breakfast, even to have Sunday breakfast." Describing the voyage home, Lt. Foster writes: "The ship is being used as an army transport. The crew is all Dutch. There was a doctor on board, a tall, lanky Texan, and nine enlisted men to take care of the bed patients. The trip was very pleasant. It was a rest from hospital routine. We didn't have our temperatures and pulses checked four times a day. We were left alone unless we hol .. lered for something. The meals were good, and the sea air gave us a huge appetit e. By permission of Col. Landis and t he doctor we were able to have a bottle of beer each day. That was a welcome a nd appreciated treat. Each afternoon a Javanese boy, one of those acting as stewards and cabin boys, came trotting in with the beer. A Javanese, like the elephant, never forgets. H omeland on t he Hor izon. t'The weather was exceedingly / calm. I have never seen the Pacific as smooth as it was during t he days we were in the tropical zone. I have seen it plenty rough while we were in the Coral sea. It was so rough that the liferafts were swept into the sea and three men were lost overboard. But never have I imagined an ocean could be so perfectly smooth, without a rip~~~/r a break, as it was those [ "We docked just at noon, Fridar, March 12. A month less than a year ago I had left the United States for Australia. I saw again all that I had looked at last and watched fade from view - the Golden Gate, Alcatraz, Treasure Island, the Oakland bridge, San francisco. I had walked off Ameri ~ can soil, but was carried back on, minus only a few splinters of bone and hunks of flesh. The big thing · is that I got back, when I never really expected t o." Lt. Foster left for service with the national guard, in which he had served two years, and gained his commission by advancement through the ranks. A brother, Pvt. Kenneth Fost er, 21, is attending aircraft mechanic school at Keesler field, Miss., and an uncle. Staff Sgt. Gordon Foster-who is four months younger than his nephew -also served in New Guinea and now is in an Australian rest camp. , a ozen tunes, ave argued_the necessity of my playing :h leadmg role. I am convinced ~re is no alternative. I wo1.1ld no want it otherwise. With so many millions of brave men dead th r ough resistance to the Fascist terror; w;th millions 1nore right !1°w locked in mortal struggle with it, should I, such a small part of the whole scheme, begr udge by services, even if it be required that I make the absolute sacrifice? I see now, clearer than ever be~ore, that life is meaningless a1;1d mtolerable when a man does not have a cause he can devote himself to, h eart and soul. And that a ;i~ahnyvcaaluuse•. • pregnant with high Nov. 17, 1942· We!l out at sea now; going north. Su_n 1_s really hot, burning the bare skm m a few minutes. In a couple of more days it Should be· really warm. The sea is choppy today and !1- beautiful deep blue. Lj.ke a precwus jewel with light in boundl~ss depth. Was slightly sick last mght. Threw it off in short order :~~e~r::.cked breakfast with a good _Can see that this trip will also give us the opportunity to read, la~e ~round, and do some serious th m.k~ng. ~ood thing I came well fortified with reading matter. Today read Tom Wintringham's "New Ways of War." Excellent. Some- _ _ ___,..,1 t~mg every man on board, espe• ciall:r ~he officers, should read. It IS hard to be part of a common effort and yet to be so iso• lated for lack ot a real under- �1ournal of Slain Yank Officer Reveals ~!> ·"'°:> Trip to Guinea Front Was Tough, Too (EdilM'I note: The unusual journal or a "Journey to New Guinea,'" In which an American aecond Jleutenant bares bis heart and mind whlle at seat 13. i:U-P::s:1:!~r bhe a:. respondent George Weller, a lreaa'y dls- ~sun~J::e&~ ttnguiahed for his superb coverage ot the warfare in Papua. This dlr.patch n:r1t~nJe~s ~~~~~adi~~c~ea~lc,We It Grand Rapids Press. will appear~ two chapters.) (Copyright, C ~ y News, Inc.) Buna, New Guinea, Jan.14.-This is a journal of a voyage such as thousands of America's fighting men have taken, the voyage to New Guinea. For the brave and high-spirited young man in this story it was a journey without returning. The man who wrote these line~ now sleeps with the men he led in the wet, dark soil of Papua, where he fell. This is not a journal of adventure; it is a spiritual journa1. At the time this young officer wrote these Jines he had not yet been under fire. He had never led men against the Japanese. This is not, then, a journal of ordeal by battle. It is the journal ot the ordeal that precedes battle, the struggle with self. In this journal of a voyage by sea to New Guinea is the self-questioning that is the spiritual preparation of democratic men for battle. Here is the examination of conscience. Here is the weighing of motives, political and moral. Typical American. And in this journal, after this typical American self-questioning, is the final decision, with clear intimations that this sensitive as well as courageous officer guessed, even as he wrote, that the final sacrifice might be his own. Margos D. Margosian was a second lieutenant. He was of Armenian origin. His home was in Worcester, Mass. In him the older New ataa4ing and enthualaam. 'rblnlllo Inc quite a hit of J. these da7L Bow much there Is to Jive for now. Bow much there will be to do after this war. I mu1t pull thronrh; I will; rve just begun to Jive. Funny how little significance time has to us now. Only today seems to matter. Increasingly, both past and future cease to influence our outlook and sensations of ex• istence. Today is here, quite real and not unpleasant; the past weeks and months seem to have rolled with miraculous case and speeC into a hatf-forgottJ!n limbo; tomorrow is hazy, intangible and only remotely thought of. Land Slrhted. Nov. 18, 1942. A beautiful morning. Sighted land off the port side. «tocky, barren crags, about five miles westward. Usual bad dreams last night. Fortunate action is not far off; resolve all these phantoms. It's hot enough to broil the skin half off in half an hour's exposure but this is becoming a beautiful trip; just like a travelog. But this warm, lazy life doesn't create much ot an appetite. How I'd like to dive overboard for a swim. We're all becoming brown as nuts. Everyone in the pink of condition. This would be a wonderful trip to take in peacetime. Now there is too much of a burden on the mind. The prospect ahead tends to sober us all and diminish the enjoyment of these natural wonders which otherwise would be so acute. Rumors that in a big naval engagement up north, the Japs lost 15 ships. That would be something to hope for, but hard to believe. Nov. 19, 1942. Up at 6:30 at usual. Can't sleep any later; force of habit and the rattling of cans on deck as breakfast is prepared. Very little appetite; but never felt better. Anchored early this morning, to receive orders. Bow I'd love to explore all these bays and island& with a sailboat. Riffe inspection at 10 a. m. Pretty good condition. The boys don't meed much promptin&' now to care for their weapons. Getting_ browner by the day, Coming closer to the equator every day. A number of the officers are cutting their bayonets down. The result i~ an evil•looking dagger, sturdy and capable. Discovered: Chess players and two sets of chessmen. Had my first game with ' the doctor. I see now, clearer than ever before, that life is meaningless and intolerable when a man does not have a cause he can devote himself to, heart and soul. And that a worthy cause, pregnant with high human value. Nov. 17, 1942. Well out at sea now; going north. Sun is really hot, burning the bare skin in a few minutes. In a couple of more days it should be really warm. The sea 1s choppy today and a beautiful deep blue. Like a precious jewel with light in bound• less depth. \Vas slightly sick last night. Threw it off in short order and attacked breakfast with a good appetite. Can sec that this trip will also give us the opportunity to read, laze around, and do some serious thinking. Good thing I came wen fortified with reading matter. Today read Tom Wintringham's ••New Ways of War." Excellent. Some- .. thing every man on board, especiaJly -the officers, should read. It Is hard to be part of a common effort and yet to be 10 isolated for lack of a real under- ROund all day, read, write, play cheu, haak drea.mlly In the sun, gaze out over the bay at the sharppeaked bland& ringing u1 around. There is a calm beauty about tbis all that seems to banish all care and worry from the mind. Our boys look more like beach• combers every day. Tanned, with heavy beards, in all stages ot Un• · dress. Some few remain keenly aware that this may be the lull before the storm. No doubt it is. Closer to Primitive. We are so tar away from home; the future is so uncertain; our environment so new, that it is hard to retain clear memories of tbe past; of home and loved ones. Daily we are getting closer to the primitive, with all its demands on the faculties; the 100 per cent attention and concentration which must be if survival is 1:0 be had. However, the unconscious persists, and our dreams rernlnd us of what consciousness, struggling to conform with a stranger reality, would forget. Once in a while, too, I yearn with a heart-burning desire for J., and at times I wonder if she has new men friends, who they arc, to what degree they claim her attention. Then I get momentarily savage; then it vanishes as quickly as it came. We arc learning to be very sensible in this new life. The emotions are bowing to a discipline never before endured. Began reading book on New Guinea gold fields. Marvel at the courage and tenacity displayed by these Australian prospectors. Makes one wonder at the timidity felt by some at the prospect of landing on this island; with all the aids of a scientific civilization, and in organized numbers. But then we will be facing more than the usual evils of jungle sickness, vermin, head hunters and whatnot. There will be a savage, numerous foe awaiting us, at least as well equipped, and more familiar with the jungle. What a wilderness this New Guinea must be. The last stronghold of the primeval. Increasingly, the idea is taking hold on me: to bring J. here after the war, to give her all 3 -,B · Y. 3 Wounded Local Officer, in Battle Creek llospital, Tells His Reactions How it feels to go to the end of the earth and return to your own country within one year is set forth eloquently in a Jetter written from a California hos- ~ pita! by Lt. Edgar Foster, 22, to his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Edgar B. Foster, 3425 Oakley-av., S. W. ( Lt. Foster, who was wounded in ac• ~ tion in the New ~ Gu in ea campaign, arrived in San Francisco Jast week. By a curious LT. FOSTER. coincidence, his father, who was attached to the 17th ambulance company of the medical corps in World war I, also served under Gen. McArthur and, like Lt. Foster, received a serious injury to his right ankle. ''Everything is going backwards," the son's Jetter begins. "From Michigan to Massachusetts to Ca1ifornia to Australia to Port Mores• by, over the Owen Stanley mountains on foot to Buna. Then, 'Bang,' and the machinery is slapped into reverse. From Buna back over the Owen Stanleys by plane to Port Moresby to Australia and back to California.'' Now in Battle Creek. Actually, Lt. Foster is ljack In Michigan already. Just after his letter reached home, his parents learned he had been transferred to the Percy Jones hospital in Battle Creek. Hit is good to be ho~ again," his letter continues. "It is good to be back where the people talk American, look American, and everything wears the stamp 'Made in the USA.' To see lots of automobiles on smooth, wide streets, tall buildings, dime stores and I I Tolcyo Warns Japanese to N ov. 20' 1942• .. Stra!1ge to be writm~ Nov. 20, ~n the midst of such tropic heat. Stlll anchored in the bay. Rumored that the~e is a~other showdown scrap gomg on in the ~lomotrs, and that_ our orders_ are bemg he!d up., pending the dec1sl?n reached 1n this latest battle. Wish we could get to a newspaper. For all we ~now, a second front-land frontm Europe may by now have been succ~ssful_ly opened. ThlS shipboard life seems to ho like that in another world. Isolated ~~mplelely. Nothing to do but laoe A Soldier Comes Home ExP,ecf Bombings J·~""-'f-' I NEW YORK, <lPJ-Tokyo broadcasts are warning the Japanese people to expect air raids over Japan and increasing submarine attacks upon •lilpplng. A war review broadcast, reported by the office of war information, said "the enemy is still continuing air raids on our forces. The American planes Jn China will be further strengthened and therefore the enemy hopes to carry out raids over Japan. Chungklng has many plane factories and field repair shops. We must realize the situation." As to shipping, the broadcast said ''The enemy ts using her submarines in the hope of destroying our supply 11nes. Of course, we cannot underestimate submarine activities. We mu.et expect further activities by enemy submarines and therefore must build more ships to replace our lost ships.'' hamburg joints. It's good to be able to read the comics at Sunday morning breakfast, even to have Sunday breakfast." Describing the voyage home, Lt. Foster writes: "The ship is being used as an army transport. The crew is all Dutch. There was a doctor on board, a tall, lanky Texan, and nine enlisted men to take care of the bed patients. The trip was very pleasant. It wa~ a rest from hospital routine. We didn't have our temperatures nnd pulses checked four times a day. · We were left alone unless we hol"\ lered for something. The meals were good, and the sea air gave us a huge appetite. By permission of Col. Landis and the doctor we were able to have a bottle of beer each day. That was a welcome and appreciated treat. Each afternoon a Jav.::mese boy, one of those acting as stewards and cabin boys, came trotting in with the beer. A Javanese, like the elephant, never f forgets. Homeland on the Horizon. ••The w~ather was exceedingly calm. I have never seen the Pacific as smooth as it was during the days we were in the tropical zone. I have seen it plenty rough while we were In the Coral sea. It was so rough that the liferafts were swept into the sea and three men were lost overboard. But never have I imagined an ocean could be so perfectly smooth, without a rip• ple or a break, as it was those days. ''We docked just at noon, Fridar, March 12. A month less than a year ago I had left the United States for Australia. I saw again all that I had Jooked at last and watched fade from view - the Golden Gate, Alcatraz, Treasure Island, the Oakland bridge, San francisco. I had walked off Ameri• can soil, but was carried back on 1 minus only a few splinters of bone and hunks of flesh. The big thing is that I got back, when I never really expected to." Lt. Foster left for service with the national guard, in which he had served two years, and gained his commission by advancement through the ranks. A brother, Pvt. Kenneth Foster, 21, is attending aircraft mechanic school at KeesJer field, Miss., and an uncle. Staff Sgt. Gordon Foster-who is four months younger than his nephew -also served in New Guinea and now is in an Australian rest camp. �Ordeal in New Guinea ..3 - 11. - 'f J--=----=---------~-~-~,....,,,"""'.'1i!'?'.'l' ~ :...._-~..,._:_-_..,.:._-_-_-_-_-_-_-:_-_-_-_-_.:_..., ,., _~:_-_..._~ ,;,.!, ,.;".J!JJ"~ Jflarbling j,4.! Red-'t--3Arrows In War's Strangest Air Baffle Zone In the Hcond article of hts series about the New Guinea front from which he has just returned, Pat Robinson, veteran INS war correspondent, teU1 why this ts one of the atrang• est aerial battle zones of the war. By PAT ROBINSON (Copyrla-ht, llHll) NEW YORK (INS)-You ha.ve re&d, perhaps, of how our men drov.1 the Japa out of Buna. Gona, Cape Endaladere, and Sanananda Point. But I wondei-· If you realize the hardahlps they underwent or the fierce fighting that took place before that task was finished. To get a cl-ear picture of what happened, you must first realize the nature of the terrain and how the Japs coni:l~ Buna., for instance, is hardly more t\lan a name on a map. Before th• Ja.ps took It Jut JUll•• :t. Rob.Inson . th-ere were exactly six European houses and a. few native buts there. But it's strategic value ls immense, because with that region in our hands we can build and uae airfields there and step up our bombing o! other Jap stronghold• a thousandfold. Between Port Moresby on the western aide of the peninsula, which form• the tall of New Guinea, affll the Buna recton on the east., lies the Owen Stanley ranre which contalrul 110me of the densest Jungle on earth and which rises 13,000 feet Into aides of cobalt blue. It 11 a pra-eously beautiful land but it is a poisonou• brooding beauty that alway• seems to hold the prom.lie of death. Before we took Bun& we had to fly across tbat range from Moresby to get a crack at any J"ap 1tronghold, Tha.t requir• onlY, 20 mtnutea ot flying ttme and you might • uppose it would be easy Actually, there are day• when neither the Jape nor ourselves can get acroH the range. Dense clouds close down over the mountains every afternoon and any pilot would have to fly blind to pt across and perha:P• crash into a mountain aide. Many a. plane hU been lost In just that way. 11lako (Continued from Page 1) over there but it is far more so at night when a pilot may run into , a thunderhead at any time. Theae thunderheads have both a down· draft and an updraft and they are strong enough to tear the wings of! even our biggest bomben. Capt. Dick Robinson, a redheaded pilot of a B-26, once ran into a thunderhead at 10,000 :feet and in a flash bis plane dropped to 1,500 feet before he came out of it. Fortunately, he was over the sea at the time. Had he been over the mountains-well, he would not have been able to tell me about it. + + + Those mountains have been both a blessing and a curse to us. They were a blessing before the Japs started their drive over them toward Port Moresby because our listening posts stationed ih the mountains could give us warning ot an impending Jap air raid. As the Japs drove on over i.he Kokoda trail toward Moresby we Jost our "eyes" and uears" and there came a time when we had no warning at all ot a raid and the Japs would be over us bombing and strafing, before we had a chance to get a plane oft' the ground. When ,ve drove the Japs beck over the range and took Buna we recovered all our listening poe:ts and now the Japs dare not come over raiding except at night. The mountains were a curse to us when we had to cross them ourselves, driving the Japs betore us. But cross them we did, and the way our own troops crossed them made aviation history. + + + The weather "builds up," as the pilots aay, on the Buna. side of the range to make it the worst flylna- weather to be found &nY• where on ea.rth. Thick clouds rise from sea level to more than 50,000 feet and tho.t "front" ts usually at least 100 miles wide and 1,000 miles long. It ts almost impossible to go through it, around it, under it or over ~t. It 111 alway• dangerous to fly too long to transpcrt th"!" to New Guinea by water. He convinced MacArthu~ the job could be done and MacArthur, having explicit faith in Kenney, told him to go ahead. Kenney at once commandeMed every old transport plane he would ftnd, stuck a lot of darJng young pilots in them, and told them to go ahead. Belle,•e it or not, they tranalM)rted thousands of troops. most of whom had never flown in their Jive", without loss of a single man. I saw tliem land in New Guinea and I saw them take off again to fly over th e mountains. Again the job was completed without loss: Not only did they fly aU the troops but th ey also flew ammunition' clo th ing, food, jeeps and even larg~ dismantled guns. It was a job surpassing even that accomplished by the Germans at Crete. See ROBINSON-Pase U Famous ,'l2nd Division Drops Old Marching Songs to Go All-Out for Swing lllusic Somewhere in New Guinea--(JP)So you'd like a story about blaring bands, wavirrg flags and men marching to stirring music? Brother, there just isn't anything like that for Americans fighting in the jungles in this part of the world. War these days has lost its glamor. The bands, the stirring marches, the pretty women waving goodby have been left far behind by the Americans over here-say about a thousand miles or so behind. When the 32nd <Red Arrow I division set o:fr for the front lines at Euna they rode in big trucks over dusty roads to airfields, climbed aboard transport planes and ]anded at some jungle flying strip. If they saw ,vomen at all on their arrival it was probably some dusky natives. TrooJ)s Still Singing. Not that there isn't music of a sort in the front lines. You couldn't take that away from the Americans, but the chances are it is some barbershop quartet singing "White Christmas," "Mister Five by Five" or some other swing number they heard over the radio. Swing is the thing over here. Such marching songs as ''Over There," which the soldiers sang in the World war have taken a defl• nite back seat. The soldiers in New Guinea prefer a quaint little number entitled: "Hardships, You So• and-So's You Don't Know What Hardships Arc!" It tells the story about more fortunate men who stay behind in Australia drawing their pay while the rest of lhc boys go to the front lines to fig~t. They've _also taken up a couple of Austrahan songs Jike "Bless 'Em All" and "Waltzing Mati1da." They have added a few verses to "Bless 'Em All" which you may hear when the boys come home-but not in a drawing room. Both the army and navy could use some good service songs. One navr favorite still is "The Armored Cruiser Squadron," which •goes ! : back at least a s far as the Spanish-American war. T~e marines have a good song, which the motion pictures have made even more popular and even the army sings "From 'the Halls of Montezuma." But just to show how far swing has taken hold down here there's the story about the arrlval <?f the first American troop convoy 1n New Zealand. Ea.ch Has Swing Band. The Anzac band on the dock struck up the "Stars and Stripes Forever" and the Amerkan band on the first ship replied with "The Beer Barrel Polka." Every o_utfit has its 1itt1e swing ban~, which g~es in for hot jam ~es5 ions. ~he _biggest drawing card in . AuS t raha is the 32nd division swmg band, composed of some 15 pieces. It is comparable with some . of the best dance bands ifl Amer~.;a, As for good o]d marches, you can ;!~de: the word of one sergeant, who "We don't need them because we aren't doing any marching, any:vay. And say-don't you go givmg them any ideas, rither!" + + + But· the job had. only begun. For many weeks thereafter the trans• port boys had to keep those troops fed and to do it they carried 600~ pounds o.t stuff a day, shuithng back and forth as many as seven times a day. They'd take over supplies, land on fields where no civilian plane would dream of landing, and bring back wounded 1 men. They gave one of the., grandest examples o! American initiative, pluck, skill and daring the world has ever seen and when the story of this war is written no little credit must go to the boys of the transport command. Super Service on the Jungle Front 'I- - ;i 1/- + + + Lieut. Gen. George Kenney, head ot the air corps over there, proposed to transport thousands of troops from Australia to New Guinea and then over the Owen Stanley range by air. The Australians thought he was crazy and I have an idea some o! our own military men also thought so. The troops were needed in a I •l'Ur<Y. a.nd Kenney knew It lll'.Ould -1 Jeep just out of the New Guinea juncle tank• up at ''.fllllnc 1tation" for military vehicle• run by three American •oldlen. "The Three Yanks" have posted the USll&I gasoline 1tatlon • ip1, ineludinc "No S1_11okln&" and "U•Curve Inn.'' I �Ordeal in New Guinea--1.and of Mystery ~ Their Idea of Heaven ew Guinea Veterans Enjoy Good Food•. , Music and Swimming While Resting ~ _J. 'I - 'f-_J \- I (By l\'Iurlin Spencer.) Maj~ W. D. Hawkins, Bronxville, With American Troops in a N. Y., has added eight pounds, Southwestern Padfic Rest Camp- ' which he believes is about aver(A')-Pvt. Paul Phillips kicked the age. loose sand at the foot of his cot The American soldier in rest with a polished shoe and said: camp is placed in strict quarantine "This is my idea of heaven." for 17 days after he comes out of If you had been at Buna or Sa- the jungle. Medical officers watch nanda .>r Sr•.i.v ,ta or any of the bat- hil"(l closely as he gradually retered, rain-soaked New Guinea duces his daily dose of quinine. villages like them, yoti would Frequent blood tests determine know what this Niles, Mich., youth whether the malaria germ is in the meant. .J-•tr·'f ~ Yanks on Jungle Fron# This is the fourth article in a series by Pat Robinson, veteran INS war correspondent, about the New Guinea front from which he has just returned. streams and followed their winding course until they ran into a native village hidden in the jungle fastness and were given food and drink and first aid by the friendly natives. + + • so narrow, step and tortuous that it takes five days to cover five miles afoot in .some parts although tt requires only minutes to go from Moresby to Buna by air. You can stand on a mountain at By PAT ROBINSON (Copyright 1948) NEW YORK (INS)-New Guinea is a land of mystery a brooding silence seems to ba~g over its swamps and jungles, unrelieved ex• cept for the popping of machine guns, the roar of cannon or the blast from a falling bomb. It is hot by day, cold at night, especially in the mountains. Streams flow silently down its mountain sides, rivers through its deep unexplored gor,es. Many of the maps of New Gunlea are worse than useless. Thus far our army has found them mines of misinformation. Even the best of maps will carry some such nota• tion as this: "Probable course · of river." ~our first glimpse of Ne_w Guinea when flying from Austraha reveals tree-covered hills sweeping back from the curved shore around Port Moresby. Outside the bay is a coral ·reet' of amazingly varied colors - deep blue fading into pale shades of green and purpli$h brown combinations that must be seen to be believed. That reef is a constant barrier to any invading fleet. On it lies a ship which ran aground there 20 years ago and which our pilots use for practice in dive bombing. A few miles back you can see the tall, menacing, imposing peaks of the Owen Stanley range which splits the tail of New Guinea. If you look at a map you will note that the island is formed like one of the giant Iguanas which inhabit it. The head is poised toward the equator on the west, the left leg under th~ body looks a~ if ready to spring, with the foot formed by Henry island, and the right leg is formed by the peninsula which holds Lae1 a Jap stronghold, at its base. The tail is formed by the long, narrow peninsula stretching do:wn to Samarai with Port Moresby halfway down on the left and Buna on the right. ~:w~n:;:e:ho~;kac~~~s toe a friend h nd d Y P rhaps a 8 u re yar away. You tell him you will be right over to see him. But to reach him you will have to spe nd hours climbing down your mountat_n and up his and if you reach him after 12 h~urs of climbing you may consider yourself lucky. Heaven on earth in the eye9 of bi~d. is examined for othe{ disa battle-worn soldier is any place eases. where there is dry underfoot, dry While the men know the close clothing, big steaks on the fire, check is necessary, they're impa1fresh vegetables in the pot and tient to get away and into the fresh milk for the asking. nearest city. There's a reason It is a place where a soldier can for that, too. They've had their get out and play catch with a first pay in five months, an averfootball as Sgt. Lewis Shannon, age of $300 per man, and it's Jefferson, Wis., and Pvt. Peter burning holes in their pockets. Paget, Detroit, Mich., were doin~. + + + That's more fun and a lot Neither white man nor black healthier, too, than throwing has set foot on much of New grenades. Guine?-'S deepest jungles although Like Guitar Music. our ptl?ts have flown over almost It is a place where a soldier can every mch of it. go in the surf like Pvt. George Many ot them, running out Ney, Riddlcsburg, Pa., and Sgt. of gas, or lost, or shot down Paul Cummings, Novi, Mich., tn combat; have spent days were doing, You could do that at and even weeks trekking Buna-if you figured you could through the Jungles, cutting swim or run 'fast enough when a their way through dense unJapanese Zero happened by. dergrowth where not even the It is a place where you can sit narrowest native path ex• down and listen so Cpl. Edward lsted. + + + Vatassek, Anita, Pa. 1 play his Many failed to come out and Between Bun a and Moresby, guitar-and know that a Jap won't they rest where only the purling stretching doV{n the peninsula and hear you. of a brook and the soft call of forming its ba'ckbone is the Owen It is a place where there is no strange birds play their requiem. Stanley range. marching, no drilling. Others found their way to The trails across that range are Uncle Sam is "going all out" for the soldiers of this regiment which saw probably more action than any other in the battles around • Buna. Fresh meat and vegetables, beer and ice cream-all they can. eat and drink-are filling out hollow frames. t And how those boys eat. Figures aren't available for the exact amount of food consumed by each soldier, who was lived for months on canned rations and powered . ~-3\-lf.3 ..... ageous leadership and 1rut1at1Ve m milk, but it's plenty. Battle Creek-(A')-If the army leading his platoon in an attack on Pvt. Myron Frazier, Merill, Wis., has a silver star award for Sgt. estimated, however, that each solvillage on Nov. 30." James K. Broner of Muskegon, Buna dier averaged a pound of meat a So the question was put to Sgt. he's at P€:rcy Jones General hos- James K. Broner-not Brower. day. He should know. fie was , pital-and he can't believe it. slicing huge steaks in a tent. "What did I do on Nov. 30? Well, The 20-year-old veteran of the Jet's sec," he paused a moment, reOh Boy! What Food! New Guinea campaign, his left leg calling the period after the famed One hundred and fifty men will , amputated above the knee, sat ~n 32nd division marched 41 days over put away about 150 quarts of milk his bed here Wednesday and said the Owen Stanley mountains. a day, probably more. They'll use he hoped reports of such a citation "Oh, yeah. That was the day we 60 pounds of potatoes a meal and were true but added that he started to take Buna village. And top it all off with 12 gallons of ice wasn't going to worry about it. were we ever mixed up?" he cream. Chances are, too, they'll Broner became involved in a grinned. "I was leading a rifle do a little piecing between meals. mixup of names Tuesday in a di~- platoon supposed to cover the rear Results of the feeding already patch from allied headquarters m in the attack. But something hapare noticeable. Phillips has added Australia reporting that Lt. Gen. pened. we turned to the right in12 pounds; Pvt. Edward Sienko, Robert L. Eichelberger had cited stead of the left and I was out. in Milwaukee, 10 pounds, and Pvt. two Michigan men for the silver front with the 34 boys-leac.ing Lawrence Ekdahl, Lueders, Tex., star medal. The cable listed one d - n thing! 1 22 pounds. of the men as Sgt. James K. the It's working on the officers, too, "Those Japs were ,aying down a Brower, RFD No. 3, .1':'1-uskegon, swell barrage, but we had to move · ~-:_ It said he exh1b1ted. cour- in with our rifles and hand gren\ ades, feeling our way across an open field, and tossing all we had. It was quite a party. "I guess the Japs didn't like it, either, 'cause after a few hours we moved 'em back about 300 yards \ and tooli: over a big stock of supplies." Shell Costs Him a Leg. On Dec. 7-fate played , tricks on Broner that day - word passed down the line that his brother, Sgt. Willard Broner, member of a platoon fighting in a nearby sector, had been killed by a Jap ma• chine gunner. Within a few hours the sergeant himself walked into the path of a .25-ca~iber e~plosive shell, felt it pound mto his knee, and finished his part in the campaign. "I weighed 170 pounds when we started the trek across the mountains," Broner says, "and they carried 110 p~und~ of me away 1 from New Gumea. I j I Turned Wrong Way so 'Rear' \ Guard Led Attack on Buna I l I l l f + + + On the other side of the range, around Cape J!:ndaiadere, Buna, Gona and Sanananda point from which .we drove the .Japs after many weeks of terrific fighting, are swamps interspersed with coconut groves and dense undergrowth and jungle. Our troops had to wade "through tall razor-sharp kunai grass 1 taller than their heads and with water coming up above their waist. Whe it at d d th campar n r:i~~da~a u;lng d e they w:re constantl ~ta er ay, i: Yw · The mosqultos were a coi;astant menace, They carried malaria and our casualties from their poisonous sting were probably far greater than from guns and bombs. Dysentery. too, took its toll, and sometimes a soldier had both dysentery and malaria at the same time. The Japs, of course, had the same diseases. but in their case they had the further handicap of starvation and lack of medical supplies. Our bombers saw to that. I + + + The .Japs would try to sneak In reinforcements by small boats but our airmen managed to kill great numbers of them. On one memorable occasion they caught a ship unloading hundreds of oil drums three-quarters fiJled with supplies wbtch were lashed together on rafts in groups of forty. Hundreds of Japs jumped overboard to guide these rafts ashore but they never got there. Our A-20, B-25s and 26s, P-40.s and P-39s swept down within ten feet of them machine-gunning the drums and Japs with equal fervor. Hundreds of them were either shot to death or wounded and drowned and the drums and barges all set afire. I can imagine how starving Jap troops entrenched fn the jungles along the shore must have felt watching all that vital food blaz.. ing and sinking in the bay. + + + I'll never :forget hQW the pilots chuckled and yelled when they finished that job. I Capt. Al Schinz, a little fire. brand from Ottawa, DI., said: "Boy, that was one of the finest sights I ever saw. Those little monkeys were diving overboard trying to escaipe and in the water thiey'd try to duck under as we swept over them but they never had a chance. We simply kept our guns blazing into them until we'd cleaned them all up. I hope our flatfoots (infantry) were eatls-fled." You may take my word for tt. the 0 flatfoots" were delighted. Nothing raised their morale more than to see and hear the J aps getting hell from the machine guns and bombs of our airmen. �Vet Says It's a Double Fight . In Guinea,_laps and Nature Battle J;ei!;.,;!j~Pfc. Elmer clung to an old vine inside the free they hacked away the bark, C. Krauz of Jackson was up a crushed their way through and stump-and no foolin', hauled me out." It Was a big stump standing in Excited? Krauz admits he was, the snaried, damp, half-darkness but adds that his biggest thrill of the New Guinea jungles. The came later that day-Dec. 24light of dawn had not yet faded when Lt. Gen. Robert L. Eichel• l berger walked past his litter at a jungle first aid station, stopped, smiled and said, "Merry Christmas, lad." Krauz and 240 other casualties of the Pacific fighting are recovering from their injuries-some are medical ca!e~-at the army's new Percy Jones General hospital here. "You have a double fight out er for a makeshift piJibox and it there/' Krauz went on. ''You fight didn't take long for the tracers to the Japs and nature. You get hot burn their breeches. Those three and sick and you can't eat and the birds never got where they were bugs are awful and there are Japs aild more Japs. I have two broth• going, that's sure." ers at home" (he w~s stern now) Drops Into Tree. "and I'd rather go back myself It got lighter. And then it came; than have them go." the bullet with the name Krauz on Sgt. James K. Broner of Muske .. it, an explosive shell that ripped gon , another member of the famed into the bark of that makeshift 32nd division, thrilled at the first . blind, tore into the 25-ye~r-old sight of his mother and father and gunner's left knee and dropped sister and brother Tuesday after• him, like a bag of sand • h~ says, noon, the first since he left for into the tree, his helmet rolling on Australia months ago. the ground. A member of a battalion which "My buddies, the four who had left Port Moresby to march across crouched at the base of that tree, the Owen Stanley mountain range knew something was wrong when to Buna, Broner walked the hard, they saw my helmet and while I dry mountains 41 days and then, finally in action against the Japs, ! fell before a 25-calibre explosive 1 rifle bullet. His left leg was ampu1 tated below the knee. All in G3od Spirits. There are many men with miss• ing limbs among those who ar-rived here this week. There are men with eyes shot out and the streaks of tracer bullets whizzing through the trees when Krauz, up to his armpits in a hallow tree, swung his machine gun in the direction of Buna Mission and let it go. "You couldn't see anything much," he recalls. "Maybe there were Japs there and maybe not. I saw three of the little guys scamp- mouths ripped open by shell and shrapnel. All of the men, many of them seriously injured, appeared in good spirits following their long train ride from the coast, Maj. Albert C, Krukowski, hospital executive of.. ficer, said. Their spirit was typified by MeCligott who, along with scores of others, will be awarded the purple heart shortly, l , :.:7 !Bombers Lash at Jap Convoy J - 31 , '1-3 Destroyer Believed Sunk Off Finschhafen as Enemy Ships Flee AN ADVANCED BASE IN ALASKA, (Delayed) - (ii.') ~till-smoking Klska shook again Tuesday under the Impact of 37 more tons of steelencased TNT as medium and heavy army bombers swept in at levels ranging from 1,700 to 7,000 feet, eleventh air force headquarters announced. ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA, Wednesday UP)-A Japanese destroyer con• voy is believed to have been Beat laps at Own Game I~ the fifth article of his series about the New Guinea front, Pat Robinson, veteran INS war correspondent, describes Jap trickery in jungle fighting and tells how th e .American forces learned to beat the wily warriors of Nippon at their own game. By PAT ROBINSON (Copyright ) which we had to rout them. And they were tough to rout. Even when facing starvation they would- fight to the finish. It usually had to be to a finish because neither side was pl'isoner-minded. • • • Jap snipers would hide in the trees trying to get ·a shot at an American. Their object at all times was to make one of our boys re1943 veal his position and to get him NEW YORK, (INS) - Fighting to do so they would resort to all for the region around Buna was sorts of ruses. :~r;.~~:o~v:!a!!~~aap~r~;,a ; One favorite trick was to call ample. Here the Japs had 0 their out for somebody in English and backs to the sea. Then there was it was surprising how many of a layer of Australians furth er in- them used good English. They land, then another island of Japs, would call, for instance, ' 1Say, then a layer of Americans Sergt. Smith, where are you?" or They were all so intermixed "Is Capt. Jones there?" that they often used the same Of course, our boys soon learned trails to bring up supplies and all about these tt"icks and invaroften opposing carriers would iably answered with a burst of meet on the trail and a battle fire from their own guns toward to the death would ensue, the sound of the voice. One one such occasion three On one occasion a Jap kept callJaps suddenly came upon two ing from what apparently was a young Americans as they both machine gun nest to some opposcame out of the jungle into a small ing Australians, "Oh, digger, clearing. The first Jap threw his where are you?" One of the Ausritle like a spear. the bayonet tralians crawled around in back pierced one of the Americans' fore~ of the nest, got silently above it arm. That was that Jap's last act and threw in a hand grenade on on earth, for with his other hand top Of the Jap with the remark: the Yankee kid shot the Jap be- "I'm here, you bloody b - , but tween the eye_:.. • • where are Y01!,_?''+ + The Japs were heavily enThey had all the advantage ot trenched in deep machine gun pits. position and they made the most Otuside these pits they had several of it. small foxholes spaced several Individually, they were not good yards apart and leading to an ad- shots. They seemed unwilling to jacent machine gun. The machine risk a long shot while our boys gun pits were heavily reinforced. could and did shoot faster, furOverhead and in front they had ther and mol'e accurateI:v.. built logs seven feet deep. But the · Jap didn't have to be When trench mortars were a good shot' to cause casualties. dropped on them they simply He had fields of fire plainly skipped out of tfieir machine gun marked out for the sweep of his pits and crawled into their fox machine guns and our boys had to holes. Then when our troops or go through a living hell to reach the Australians tried to rush them, them. they would skip back into their However, they kept the Japs so pits and resume firing. They could busy on the ground and our ail·always reach the pits before our men raised so much hell with them boys reached them because we in- from the air that the Japs rarely variably had to wade through had time to bury their dead. kunai grass and swamp land. Dead Japs laid outside emplace• + + ments for weeks and a few days I don't know when we'd ever in that climate were enough to have got them out of Cape En• decompose a body and force the daiadere if we hadn't used tanks. Japs to use gas masks in self deThese tanks would roll rough fense. Our boys agre-ed that a shod over the Jap emplacements dead mule was sweet compared to and the infantry would follow the a dead Jap. tanks in to mop up. • • + Often the Japs were only 20 Yes, the going was extremely yards away from our own boys, tough and we didn't make headrbut the Japs, of course, were in way without casualties and many ~viously prepared positions from of them. But we did advance, t~!~ inch by Inch, yard by yard. until the last Jap was cleared out ot the entire region. Some managed to slip through our lines and -escape to the horth toward Lae and Salamau. Others c!ied trying that same route, Through it all, the air corps gave unceasing support to their pals on the ground, they'd show up at daybreak from across the Owen Stanley range and start dropping bombs. Th-en they'd go to work with machine-~111 They ope1~ted on a regular time schedule. The A-20's, say, would bomb and strafe from 8:05 to 8:15 a. m., then the B-25s from 8:15 to 8:25 and so it continued all day long with bombers and pursuit boys following each oth-er over the target in unceasing relays. The Japs actually grew bomb happy under such a hell from the sky and at times they could be seen hopping out .of their holes and rundning around in circles, driven ma e by the born, trdment, and so t~ey were easy targets for our s arp-shooting kids to pick off. T • • • bea~s~gtrsf.taidal~-e~u~n:t~:~~~: f fer ~rmed miracles, 1!raving death ear essly at all times to bring in 88 fat':~u~:-eda~:~er T~~ nce:i;r 0~ ; wounded man and often these angels ot mercy were wounded or killed themselves in trying to reach a wounded man. The Japs paid no attention to the Red C1·oss insignia. It ts not that kind of a war. . It's simply kill or be killed and our boys are 1;!~rmined to do most of the kill0 blocked in an attempt to supply (The Japanese have attempted Or Japanese ships suffered damthe New Guinea area, the high destroyers for convoying before age but was believed to have land- command announced Tuesday. when they found the slower trans- ed troops at ' Wewa~ to the northA large destroyer probably ports were patticularly good tar- west of the Flnschhafen area. was sunk off Finschhafen as the gets for Allied bombers.) There also a_re other- Japanese convoy was "The convoy was fl.rat sighted bases reported along 1he coast between fleeing southwest of Kavieng (which is Finschhafen and Wewak.) north. Finschhafen is on the Huon peninsula, 60 miles above Lae, a vita! Japanese base on which Allied ground troops have been moving in the vicinity or Mubo, south of safamaua. That is in the same area of northern New Guinea, where in the first week of March the Japanese sent forth a 22-shlp convoy10 warsh~ps and 12 transportsall of which were sunk by Allied planes. causing a loss of 15,000 enemy troops. "The enemy made an attempt to _contact his troops in New Gumea by means of a fas t convoy of destrnyers," 1·eported the noon communique from Gen. Douglas MacArthur's ,headquarters. on New Ireland, approximately 550 miles north of the Allied base of Port Moresby, New Guineaj New Ireland is just above the island of New Britain.) "Bad weather prev-ented further observation or attack until our heavy bombers located the convoy off Finschhafen. · "We attacked shortly after midnight with aid of flares, scoring a direct hit on the stern of a large de5troyer, severely damaging and probably sinking the ship. The convoy immediately left the area at full speed to the north ." Apparently the reluctance of the high command in claiming the purpose of the convoy had been completely frustrated lay in the fact that recently a Bmall convoy I I I "Beginning at dawn, our heavy medium and attack units with long-range fighter cover pounded the docks and waterfront at Finschhafen with heavy bombs, causing great damage and starting many fires. Barges and boats in the harbor were also effectively machine gunned. The enemy made no attempt at interception. "It is believed that any attempt to deliver supplies failedl" �First Red- Arrow Veteran of New Faced Death AtSanananda Campaign Returns to Cityl Sgt. Grant G. Sullivan, Convalescent, Visits Mother Here (By John J. McGinnis.) It's a long way from Bti.na village and Sanananda road in New Guinea to Lyon-st. In Grand Rapids, but the first of the local "Red Arrow" boys has made it, Sgt. Grant G. Sullivan, 20, who was with Grand Rapids national gual'd troops in the blood and mud of the Papuan campaign, is back With his feet under his mother's table. Sgt. Sullivan is a casualty of that fierce jungle battle, wounded at the base of the skull by a Japanese bullet about midway in the November-December fighting that drove the Japs out. Doctors tell hL"n he's fortunate to be walking again, and he agrees with them. A patient at Fort Benjamin Har. rison army hospital at Indianapolis along with a number of other casualties of the New Guinea area, Grant has recovered sufficiently to be granted a three-day leave to visit his mother, Mrs. Frank Plite, 30 Lyon-st., N. E. He was returned to the hospital Tuesday. Sergeant at 19. Sullivan is one of the youngest men of the Grand Rapids guard organization, a Union High school student who left his books to go into service with the 126th infantry in October of 1940, although still less than 18 years of age. He was one of the youngest noncommissioned officers in the division having gained the rank of sergeani a year ago before his outfit left Fort Devens, Mass., for service in the South Pacific area. He is a grandson of Mr. and Mrs. George Filkins of Comstock Park. . The young sergeant wound up his part of the New Guinea campaign on the night of Dec. I on Sanananda road. The Japanese bullet flattened him so completely that his co_mrades first thought he had been killed. A first aid man discovered he still lived, although he was temporarily paralyzed. The bullet, which had splintered reached his spinal column. Frag~ ments of the missile are still imbedded in his neck. Three and one-half days later i when Jap fire subsided for a tirn,e: I others of Sullivan's company were able to get him back to the battalion dressing station, I uI don't think it was so very appeared particula;ly fit and we11 far back to the station where equipped. the doctors were,' but with the mud "I saw some Japs who were six and the jungle it took the boys a feet tall. They were part of the long time," said Sullivan. We marines that had been put ashore. started about 1 a. m., I think, and The Japs had about everything in it was the next afternoon before there, ipcluding marines, soldiers, the doctors got to work on me.'' labor units and sailors put ashore from some of the ships. With ''Lost Company." He was cattied out by> four Couldn't Take Chances. fellow soldiers, two from Grand "We didn't see any prisoners, alRapids and two replacements though I guess a few were taken. from other states. Most of the time it was a case of "It's about 50-50 in our outfit just keeping on shooting until you now, or was when I left it," Sul- were sure everything was under livan said. "There are men in the control. The Australians that were regiment from almost every state in there before us and others had in the union, I guess." learned long before that you just His unit was one of those en- couldn't affo:rd to take any chances gaged in the movement to block and that a "dead" Jap might be Sc.nananda road, the incident that playing possum. developed into the "lost com• The Japs would keep pretty quiet pany" episode of the New Guinea most of the day and start making campaign, described in The Press a lot of noise at night, Sullivan two months ago by War Corre- said. Recalling the Jap night cttspondent George Weller. Sullivan after he was wo1.1ndr.d, h t. was hit early in this maneuver. HI don't know so much about "They came right in and mingled all that happened, but I have with us. One Jap stepped on me gone through some of the clip- (Sullivan was still in a paralyzed pings mother kept for me and they condition and could do nothing). just about tell the story," Sul~ There was plenty going on for a Jivan declared. while and four of our boys W'err "We really were more than a hurt. 41 company, It was the actives of an I remember another time when entire battalion, after counting out we had put out an advanced post the casualties earlier in the month under fire. Some of our boys were and those in supply. We had been on one side of the road and the reorganized and many officers had been lost. That's how Maj. Zeeff Japs were on the other side. One (Maj. Bert Zeeff, Grand Rapids fellow from Grand Rapids called officer mentioned in Weller's story to another, named Lillie. Pretty of the "lost company") happened soon the Japs across the road to be in command. He was placed started to call the same name, trythere when the others were casual- ing to locate our man, but they ties. ~:;i.~·t very well, and he r Praises Capt. Shirley. Sullivan has the highest regard "Capt. Shirley, who was right with us, (Capt. John D. Shirley, killed and praise for the medical and De~. 2, a day after Sullivan was surgical divisions of the army. "I hit) was one of the finest officers had malaria five times, but they I knew and certainly did a lot for always took care of it." us until he was hit." Saved ms Life. It was Shirley who had com~ He believes he owes his life to mand of the "lost company" that the hospital aid man who took care later was taken over by Capt. M. of him soon after he was hit and M. Huggins of Salem, Ore., the officer for whom the long-held to the sulfanilamide powder he road block, maintained by the unit placed on the wound. "That's all they were able to do for about for three weeks, was named. Although the Sanananda road ac- four days/' he said, When he got back to the field tion was the one which has re~ ceived most attention by the folk hospital at the jungle's edge he back home, the Grand Rapids was treated and flown back over guardsmen had plenty of fighting the Owen Stanley range by plane before that, Sgt. Sullivan related, to Port Moresby, where he was in starting almost at once after .they the hospital two weeks. Then he ctossed the Owen Stanley moun- was evacuated by hospital ship to tains from Port Moresby. a large army hospital at Bri/,bane. "We kept running into the Japs "I worried more about the trip all the time and the boys got a lot by ship than at any other time,U of them. It got so we had to be he said. "I was still unable to careful about our tommy-gun am- move my arms or legs and the munition. That was the main ship had been bombed by the enproblem in the supply line, so far emy on its previous trip, they said." as munitions went, but we also had The young sergeant hasn't seen some Jong spells without eating. any of his outfit since he left Some of the boys were making them, although the force returned good batting averages with the tommy-guns, though. One ser- to Australia from New Guinea begeant was up to 30 Japs when I fore he left there for home. He was hit, and still going strong." saw his company, what remains of it on active duty, in a picture Pal of. Sgt. DeVrles. published in The Press and clipped One incident in which Sullivan for him by his mother. had a part was the action in Wants to Go Back. which Sgt. Sidney DeVries of Grand Rapids was killed, on Nov. The young Grand Rapids soldier 23, just a week before Sullivan is not convinced b6 won't get back was wounded. The two were close to active service, although doctors so far have refused to give him friends in the same company. "I think I probably was the last much assurance. They tell him man to talk to DeVrles before he that by ordinary rules he should be was killed," said Sullivan. "He paralyzed. He is In full control of certainly was doing all right up to arms and legs now, however, and the time he got hit. (DeVries, ac- is gaining weight. He had lost cording to the accounts of his nearly 50 pounds. death, made an attack on a Jap "That's not all from sickness, machine gun nest and killed 17 though. We missed quite a few Japs before losing his own life.) meals. You can· say what you want He was about as handy with a about how much the soldiers like mail, and it's about the most imtommy-gun as anyone we had." SuUivan is quick to admit that portan\ thing when you're eating the . Jap is a tough fighter-''ex- regularly, but sometimes out there cept, they don't seem to like the in the jungle a can of bully beef bayonet." He said most of the or a chocolate bar really had the · troops that were opposing his unit first call." !!f:: Wounded, Comes Home From Jungle I I I f:iel~, .3 -.3. -'f-3 Lying paralyzed three days in the New Guinea jungle with_ a Ja~ bullet in the base of qis skull gave home a very speci,-J meamng this week for SGT. GRANT G. SULLIVAN, 20, first Red Arrow veteran of the Bona. and Sananada road campaigns to rehl~n to Grand Rapids. His mother is Mrs. Frank Plite, 30 Lyon-st., _N ·. E. Tu.esday he returne<l to an army hospital in Indianapolis, Hts mterestmg story is on page 13, �Veterans of Southwest Pacific Action Back From New Guinea .J 17- "'-' Grand Rapids Soldier, Who Served at Advanced Rations Post, Gets Medical Discharge Five western Michigan soldiers, wounded in action in the southwest Pacific area, are recuperating at the army's Percy Jones General hospital in Battle Creek. They are: Top, left to right: LT. ALBERT COLE of Cascade, RFD No. 3; CPL. LEONARD P. BATES of Hastings, and PVT. ABRAHAM BOLLE or Grand Rallids. Lower row: PVT. JOHN W. HAFER of Watervliet, RFD No. 2, and PVT, MERLE C. COMEit of Ionia, RFD No. 2. Maj. Boet and the portable hos- pitals which stud the evacuation Sulfa drugs and plasma were responsible for a good many miracles in the Buna campaign, he reported. He credited both with route. saving his life. "Japs are crazy as individual fighters, but swell at setting up de• I tensive positions," he commented. "They are masters of camouflage and the most disciplined soldiers in the world." Comer was in the first party Co enter · Buna village after with• drawal of the enemy to make cer• lain no Japs remained. ''There wasn't much of a village Jeft/' he reports. "OnJy two native huts were left-both badly damaged. The palm trees were pretty weIJ wrecked too." Comer also received his put pJe over dense jungle trails in three heart decoration in Brisbane. He days. left Ionia High school in 1937 and Bates ~ing:s loud praises for the enlisted in the Michigan National New Guinea aborigines, affection• guard the same year. ately nicknamed "fuzzy-wuzzies" An attack on a cleverly-con• by American troops, who carried structed Jap pillbox was responsi• him back 12 miles to the most ad• ble for the wound Pvt. Hafer re• vancect field hospital. The natives ceived in his left thigh in the didn't like the scientifically-de· Sanananda front in New Guinea. signed army litt~-as, °'ates reports, Hafer was only 25 yards from the because, they sai , ey were too pillbox when hit. hard to carry for long distances. Jap pillboxes were- "hard nuts to They constructed their own from crack," according to Hafer. They long poles crisscrossed with were constructed of hard, coconut branches and bark. logs, covered with dirt and more Bates attended Hastings High than half buried in the ground. school until 1937. Machine guns inside were arranged Pvt. Comer was on an advanced to cover front and rear, he re• patrol after the capture of Buna · ported. when his party ran into a 1,;I.rger Hafer was driving a truck in Port force of Japs and he was wounded Moresby when he was assigned to in the left leg. He was treated the Sananada front. His unit was by Maj. Boet and then taken by flown •across the Owen Stanley "fuzzy-wuzzy jeep and plane mountains, dropped off on the back to Port Moresby. Like many Japanese side of the range, then of his buddies, he is especialJy out- walked 100 miles to their destinaspoken in praise of the work of tion. Wounded Men, Praise Jungle Surgery of Local Physician Battle Creek - Five western Michigan soldiers, wounded in fighting in the southwest Pacific area and now in the army's Percy Jones General hospital here, Wed· nesday related how they were forced out o( action. The five in• elude Lt. Albert V. Cole, son ot Mr. and Mrs. Claude C. Cole of Cascade, RFD No. 3; Pvt. Abraham Bollc, son oC Mr. and Mrs. Marinus Bolle, 36 Stormzand-pl., N. E., Grand Rapids; Cpl. Leonard P. Bates, son of Mr. and Mrs. Victor A. Bates of Hastings; Pvt. Johnny W. Hafer, son of Mr. and Mrs. Rudolf Hafer of Watervliet, RFD No. 2, and Pvt. Merle C. Comer, son of Mr. and Mrs. George W. Comer of Ionia, RFD No. 2. Lt. Cole was the hero of a bomb· ing raid on a Japanese convoy off Lae, New Guinea, early in January. Cole was struck in the face and legs by anti-aircraft fire as his plane neared its target, but he appealed to the pilot of the plane to "keep going." Although seri• ously wounded, Cole remained at his position and dropped his cargo of bombs on the Japanese ships. The bomber in which the Grand Rapids man was flying, however, was crippled Qy anti-aircraft fire and was unable to maneuver to escape the fire of Japanese Zero planes. Outraces Jap Ranes. The big bomber did manage eventually to outrace the Zeros and forced to fly in a straight line, crash-landed on the toit of a moun• tain and burst into fire. Cole and his fellow airmen c:i;awled from the plane and extricated the body of the rear gunner who had been killed. Some time later their shouts attracted the notice of two I Austra1ian "commandos" who roam the jungles searching for crashed er,;. -Grand Rapids Press Photographer A Japanese field book, acquired in the battle of Bona, is the favorite souvenir of PV'l'. BERNARD CZAJKO\VSKJ, 25, 24.Z Grand-av., N. E. He shows his mother, l\1RS. LUCILLE CZAJKO\V• SKI, some of the inserts which cover instructions in 1irst aid, bridge building, weather and general ' 4hel1>ful hints" for the Jap soldier. After a few weeks of "taking it easy," Pvt. Bernard Thomas Czajkowski, 25, expects to hang up his uniform, don civilian clothes, frame his honorable discharge from the army and look for a job, Pvt. Czajkowski, son o( Mrs. Lucille Czajkowski, 242 Grand-av., N. E., isn't likely to find anyone who'll object to his taking a few weeks to acclimate himself to life on the home front, for he's been invalided home after more than a year's overseas service with the 32nd di· vision in Australia and in the New Guinea-Buna campaigns. Pvt. Czajkowski received his medical dis· charge at Billings General hospital, Fort Benjamin Harrison, Ind., where he underwent two months of medical care for shell shock. Couldn't Strike Back. As a member or the regimental headquarters company of the 126th Infantry Pvt. Czajkowski was close to the fighting front throughout the New Guinea-B~na campaigns and the advance ration dump at which he was assigned 1was under almost constant artil• lery fire. Althou~h headquarters company was involved in little close quarters combat, the personnet performed their duties prepared at all times for possible di· rect action. "We were all fully camouflaged all the time, our faces were painted and we worked· under arms," he explained. "It was tough to have the Japs throwing shells at us all the time and not be able to strike back." I I I Readers of The Grand Rapids Press, which has published detailed dispatches from the southwest Pacific, probably have a cleai:;er idea of the New Guinca-Buna cam-1 paigns than many of the men who took part in them, Czajkowski be• Jieves. "We couldn't tell much about the whole picture," he ex• plained, "but we did get a good idea of what was happening to va~ rious units of the regiment when the nightly details of six men commanded by a sergeant came from each outfit to pick up the next day's rations." Czajkowski was assigned to the 126th infantry after his induction in April, 1941, and joined the out• tit at Camp Livingston, La. He was Hrst in Company K and then transferred to the headquarters company, where his brother, Arthur, who left here with the guard unit the previous October, was serving. Arthur, now a corporal technician at Fort Devens, Mass., was in the hospital there when the regiment left for the west coast and Aus• tralia. • Has Many Medals. On his uniform Czajkowski wears the fouragere with which the 32nd division was decorated by the French army fn the first World \\'ar, ribbons for the Liberty medal the .g.ood conduct medal, the 5?Ut_h Pacific !11-edal and the Asiatic ~e<lal with two bronze stars. On his lower l~ft sleeve ~re. tw~ inverted gold .chevro~s ind1catmg . ,_ year of foreign service. ·----- I f r---------------~--~-------------------------------------_;_______.J �1 Enjoying a much-deserved rest period, thcso 75 members of headquarters company, 126th infantry, were photographed early in February in Australia. These men were in the New Guinea cam .. paign with the heroic 32nd (Red ArrO\V) division. l\Iost of the soldiers are from Grand Rapids and western Michigan. The photograph was passed by military censors. CAPT. EDWARD J. \VOLTJER, acting major and commanding officer, is believed to · have sent the first copy received here to his wife at their home, 42 Pennel1•rd., S. E. First row, left to right, PFC. JESSE MARTIN, PFC. HAROLD WEINR.JCH, PVT. JAMES ST. PETER, PFC. JOHN JOHNSON, PFC. CLAUDE MARTIN, SGT. WILLIAM HARISHIMA, PFC. MERLIN YOUNG, CPL. HENRY KOSTER, CPL. GERALD L. HARVEY, PFC. GAYWRD HALL, PVT. IRA S. McKAY, PFC. LOU B. H. FOX, SGT. JAMES TOMPERT, SGT. WALTER HILL, SGT. HERBERT GARDNER, PFC. ROBERT KRUTHAUPT and CPL., ALLAN WALTON. Second row, PFC. LOUIS J. PELLERIN, PFC. JAMES ROBIN• SON. PFC. JOSEPH RAVETTA, PFC. WALTER BAJDEK, PVT. GEORGE FOMIN, PFC. HARVEY HILL, CPL. LEONARD BOLLE, SGT. STEVEN KRAUT, CPL. THEODORE OLINGER, PFC. ORA E. RAMSEY, PFC. JEROME SCHULTY, CPL. RICHARD ROSS, PFC. ROBERT DURBIN, PVT. HAROLD PAGELER, SGT. JOHN QUAKKELAAR, CPL. MINOR EDWARDS, PFC. MAURICE CARPENTER and PVT. FERD RADENSLABEN. Third row, "CPL. FRANCIS PLOTZKA, CPL. ELDEN ANDERSON, STAFF SGT. STANLEY KETCHEL, SGT. ALBERT RABASKAS, SGT. ROBERT ECKBERG, PFC. EARL DE VORMER, PFC. JOHN J. GLOWICKI, PVT. JACK CARMICHAEL, PFC. KENNETH MILLER, SGT. STUART KREGER, PVT. JOHN PETERSON, PFC. EMIL F. PETERS, SGT. 1!,ICHARD PLATTE, STAFF SGT. RICHARD NEWTON, PFC:--LESTER SPADER, PFC. MARTIN BOLT, STAFF SGT. ROY • H. JURGENS and SGT, JOSEPH SKIBA. . Fourth row, CAPT. J. J. SULLIVAN, 1ST SGT. ALFRED BUSH, STAFF SGT. BERNARD DOYLE, SGT. FERDINAN FICELI, SGT. JOHN AESCHLIMAN, PVT. RUDOLPH SOCHA, PVT. JEROME KOZAK, PVT. WALTER PLASKA, PVT. HAROLD KELLY, PFC. JOSEPH TUSCAN, PFC, JOHN MULVEY, PFC. EDGAR McGASKILL, SGT, ANTHONY CAROWITZ, PVT. EDWARD ZOLENSKI, CPL. ROMAN LEIBECK, CPL. ROGER ANDERSON, CPL. GERALD PALt~R, CPL. ROGER A. GOLDSMITH, TECH. SGT. JOSEPH KROLL, TECH. SGT. HERMAN STEENSTRA, MASTER SGT. ABEL POTTS and Capt. Woltjer, _I I Raised to Major 4 -s - 4-.3 Halsey, MacArthur to Join for Early Attack on Japs? 't-!l.~. 't-3 A SOUTH PACIFIC BASE ·UP)New American offensive actions in the south Pacific theater are believed probable following a lull in , which command staffs have taken time to co-ordinate plans for future operations mapped at the Casablanca conference and in the recent Pacific strategy sessions at Washington. The nature and direction of the probable next American pushes of course are not open to conjecture, miral William F. Halsey, commanding U. S. naval forces in this area, and General Douglas MacArthur. who is directing the southwest Pacific operations from Australia. These sources say it is logical the navy's south Pacific command and General MacArthur should collaborate so that any future thrust by one will strengthen the blows of the other and so that both will have the same major objective. The offensive emphasis after the i ~~i~k ~:1~er~:is:iere c~~\~fe~e c~~~= :~ft~;;sto 5 MAJ. HARRY MENCLEWSKI, Harry C. Mendewski, formerly commander of Headquarters com- I pany, 126th infantry, 32nd division, has been promoted from captain to major, a cablegram to his ,vife, 825 Aberdeen-st., N. E. 1 revealed Monday. The promotion was another step in a career with the national guard unit in which Menclewski advanced through every grade of noncommJssioned ranks to a commission. He was promoted to captain after arrival in Australia last fn.=...l.o- =....,•==·~i 0 ~~:,d~:r:: ~!~ax:~hu r~s liaison and teamwork between Ad· theater, which is closer than Admiral Halsey's island bases to Ra, baul. That big port on the north• \ eastern tip of New Britain is the most powerful enemy stronghold beyond the Japanese key naval base of Truk island. The south Pacific lately has become a theater of holding opera~ tions by both our forces and the Japanese. It is unlikely, however, that the aggressive character of Admiral Halsey and his forces will permit the lull to continue. KEEP JAP ON HIS HEELS Most observers here held the view that a constant jabbing at the enemy from the south Pacific is essential to keep him busy and disperse his strength, They feel, however, that an all-out drive against Japan from this area Ls not probable, fl-S it would mean an ls. land-by-island, step-by-step advance at a likely high cost in American lives, planes and ships. No Japanese transports and few warships have been observed recently in the Solomon area. The enemy fleet, however, is known to be based in full power at Truk and could be moved quickly into a field of action at any time. For that reason, it cannot be said that Japan has withdrawn its fleet from this theater any more than it can be said our fleet force has been withdrawn. �Halsey, MacArthur to Join !for E~rly Attack on Japs? 1o~H Raised to Major 4 -S -4.3 A t.JIFIC BASE llP>- 1miral William F. Halsey, commandNew American offensive actions in \ ing U. S. naval forces m thts area, the south Pacific theater are be- and Gener~l ~ouglas MacArthur, r d robable following a lull in \ who is d1rectmg the southw:est ,~~~~h ~ommand staffs have taken Pacific operations from Austral~a. t· t co-ordinate plans for fu- These sources say_ it is log1cal ime O • ma ed at the the navy's south Pacific command ~r:abtC:ne::t~::sferenfi' and in the and General MacArthur should cola ent Pacific strategy sessions at laborate so that any future thrust rec by one wm strengthen the blows w;~~inJ!~~;e and direction of the of the other and so that bot_h will xt American pushes of have the same major objective. 1 :r:enot open to conjecture, The offensive emphasis after the but well advised sources here Japanese collapse o~ Guadalc~nal thi k it certain there will be close shifted to MacArthur s New Gumea 1 l' .n and teamwork between Ad- I theater, which is closer than Admlral Halsey's island bases to RaI iaison baul. That big port on the northea stern tip of New Britain is the most powerful enemy stronghold beyond the Japanese key naval base of Truk island. ' The south Pacific lately has become a theater of holding operations by both our forces and the Japanese. It is unlikely, however, that the aggressive character of Admiral Halsey and his forces will permit the lull to continue. KEEP JAP ON HIS HEELS Most observers here held the view that a constant jabbing at the enemy from the south Pacific 1s essential to keep him busy and disperse his strength, They feel, however, that an all-out drive against Japan from this area 1s not probable, ~ it would mean an Island-by-island, steirby-step advance at a likely high cost in American lives, planes and ships. No Japanese transports and few warships have been observed recently in the Solomon area. The enemy fleet, however, is known to be based in full power at Truk and could be moved quickly into a field of action at any time. For that reason, it cannot be said that Japan has withdrawn its fleet from this theater any more than it can be said our fleet force has been withdrawn. ~~~~!! I I MAJ. HARRY MENCLEWSKI. Harry C, Menclewski, formeriy commander of Headquarters com• pany, 126th infantry, 32nd division , has been promoted from captain to major, a cablegram to his ,vife, 825 Abcrdcen•st., N. E., revealed Mon• day, The promotion was another step in a ca reer with the national guard unit in which Menclewski advanced through every grade of 1 noncommissioned ranks to a com• mission. He was promoted to cap• tain after arrival in Australia last May. Before leaving for service with his unit in October, 1940, he ....== was president of Grand Rapids Typographical union No. 39 and was employed in the composing I room of The Press . I n oy ng a much-deserved rest period, these 75 members of J1eadquarters corupany, 126th infantry, were photographed early in l?ebruary in Australia. These men were in the New Guinea campaign with the heroic 32nd (Red Arrow) division. ~lost of the soldiers are from Grand Rapids and western l\llchigan. The photograph was 1>assed by military censors. CAPT. EDWARD J. \VOLTJER, acting major and commanding officer, is believed to have S('nt the first copy received here to his wife at their home, 42 Pennell-rd., S. E. First row, left to right, PFC. JESSE llIARTIN, PFC. HAROLD \\IEINRICH, PVT. JAllIES ST. PETER, PFC. JOHN JOHNSON, PFC, CLAUDE JIIARTIN, SGT. WILLIAM HARISHIIIIA, PFC. l\lERLIN YOUNG, CPL. HENRY KOSTER, CPL. GERALD L, HARVEY, PFC. GAYLORD HALL, PVT. IBA S. McKAY, PFC, LOU B. H. FOX, SGT, JAllIES TOllIPERT, SGT. WALTER HILL, SGT- HERBERT GARDNER, PFC. ROBERT KRUTHAUPT and CPL, ALLAN WALTON, Second row, PFC. LOUIS J. PELLERIN, PFC. JAMES ROBIN• SON. PFC, JOSEPH RAVETTA, PI•'C. WALTER BAJDEK, PVT. GEORGE FOllIIN, PFC, HARVEY IDLL, CPL. LEONARD BOLLE, SGT. STEVEN KRAUT, CPL. THEODORE OLINGER, PFC. ORA E. RAJIISEY, PFC. JEROME SCHULTY, CPL. RICHARD ROSS, PFC. ROBERT DURBIN, PVT. HAROLD PAGELER, SGT. JOHN QUAKKELAAR, CPL. MINOR EDWARDS, PFC, MAURICE CARPENTER and PVT. l'ERD RADENSLABEN. Third row, CPL. l ' RANCIS PLOTZKA, CPL, ELDEN ANDERSON, STAl'F SGT. STANLEY KETCHEL, SGT. ALBERT RABASKAS, SGT. ROBERT ECKBERG, PFC. EARL DE VORMER, PFC. JOHN J. GLOWICKI, PVT. JACK CAR)UCHAEL, PFC. KENNETH MILLER, SGT, STUART KREGER, PVT. JOHN PETERSON, PFC. E~DL F, PETERS, SGT. RICHARD PLATTE_,_ STAFF SGT. RICHARD NEWTON, PFC~LESTER SPADER, PFC. MARTIN BOLT, STAFF SGT. ROY H. JURGENS and SGT. JOSEPH SKIBA. . }'ourth row, CAPT. J. J. SULLIVAN, IS'J' SGT. ALFRED BUSH, STAFF SGT, BERNARD DOYLE. SGT. FERDINAN }' ICELI, SGT. JOHN AESCHLil\lAN, PVT. RUDOLPH SOCHA, PVT. JEROllIE KOZAK, PVT, WALTER PLASKA, PVT. HAROLD KELLY, PFC. JOSEPH TUSCAN, PFC. JOHN l\lULVEY, P.FC, EDGAR lUcGASKILL, SGT. ANTHONY CAROWJTZ, PVT. EDWARD ZOLENSKI, CPL. ROMAN LEIBECK, CPL. ROGER ANDERSON, CPL. GERALD PALllIER, CPL. ROGER A. GOLDS)IITH, TECH. SGT. JOSEPH KROLL, TECH. SGT. HERMAN STEENSTRA, l\lASTER SGT, ABEL POTTS and Capt. Woltjer, �s-,-'f-~ Escaped I Jap Territory, AN ADVANCED BASE IN THE just across a strait from a heavily- Little, Three Little I~dlans,.. and SOU'l'H PACIFIC, (April 29-De- manned Jap base. Shottly after "Hallelujah, I'm & Bum." T • they were joined by Wiley, who The natives insisted on shaving layed) (INS)-Ten American air- had given the natives their first the Americans twice a week with men told today how they "went news of the war. Wlley also had broken beer bottles, left long before native" on a jungle Isle under the been active In organldng c!usc1 by Jap raiders. nose of a big Japanese base. Dur- for native youngsters. "They seemed very particular about keeping us clean-shaven.'' Ing their two-months' stay, they TAUGHT ClDLDREN said Ruiz, ..and shaved us a hair at drank a potent beverage designed He passed the time teaching the to make them invisible, organized children the alphabet and how to a time without once cutting us. The women seemed to prefer the schools for native youngsters and count. and had them chant in uniwere shaved twice weekly wltQ son up to 200. Wiley also taught job, and there was nothing we could do but let them have their broken beer bottles. , them the songs, "One Little, Two fun." NJne of the survivors, who reached Guadalcanal on April 16, The boys also were introduced to were army men, members of a "kabong,'• a native beverage made Flying Fortress crew shot down In from a coral growth m1xed with the Pacific. The tenth was a navy palm leaves, then burned and mixed radioman of an Avenger torpedo with another mysterious native plane, also shot down by Jap liquid. This could be, and was, plane~ whlle on patrol from an ; used on wounds, drunk as a beverAmerican aircraft carrier. age or used to caulk a canoe. Tlie navy man, 21-year..old Del• They also were introduced to mar D. Wiley of Glenwood, Iowa. "woofy." This waa a white powder had been reported missing since made by grinding the bones and Aug. 24. He joined the nine crew hair of a decased native noted for members of the Fortress after his surly nature. they had made their way to a "INVISABILITY" l'OWDEB neighboring island, thinking they The powder then was mixed were a rescue party sent after with "kabong." The result, the nahim. tives believed, rendered them in66 DAYS BEFORE RESCUE visible, thus insuring protection The army men, who left their against Jap planes, bullets and sinking bomber, the "My Lovln' other dangers. Duck," 66 days before their rescue, On March 27, Classen, Dorwart, included: Gibson, Wiley and a native skipper Capt. Thomas J. Classen, 24:, or i set out in a sail canoe. Thtee-andWest Depere, Wis., the pilot; Lieut, 1 a-half days later they landed on Ernest C. Ruiz, 24, of Santa Bara Jap-.controlled island, after narbara, Cal., Lieut. Robert J. Dor-rowly escaping death when spotted wart, 24, of North Seattle, Wash., by two Jap Zeros. Then enemy Lieut. Balfour C. Gibson, 28, of fighters ignored them, however, apBerkeley, Cal., Sergts. Donald ~parently not believing Americans Martin, 25, of Decatur, Ill., W1II could remain undetected in the 1lam H. Nichols, 24, of Keiser, Ark., heart of Jap--held waters. James H. Hunt, 21, of EfCingham. Aided by other natives, the four Ill., Theodore H. Edwards, 23. of men finally reached a spot within Burbank, Cal, and Robert J. Turnrange of Allied patrol bombers. bull, 27, of San Antonio, Tex. On April 10, a navy flying boat After 15 days on a. life raft, dur-picked them up and flew them to Ing which they drifted 643 mil6S, Florida island. the nine men staggered ashore on A Flying Fortress was sent to a coral spit, part of five islanda supply the men who remained on the native isle, and a few days later a navy flying boat brought them to Guadalcanal. I I I MacArthur and Eisenhower / Made Knights of The Bath s-'-'1- 'f--' LONDON, (INS)-Klng George mand ot the troops ot the Allied VI has honored Generals Dwight nations." D. Eisenhower and Douglas MacGen. John J. Pershing, the Amer- I::~~~r I" th:y 1;:t~~g cr~;s m~~~mho~~~::i: ican commander-in~hief In World order of the Bath, it was an- war I, was similarly honored in 'nounced Wednesday night. 1918, it was recalled. If were Britons, the two -=========,,.-------:::- I I' American war leaders w0tltd hence- time waa to Flight Lieut. Joseph forth.. ~e ,,entitled ~o use. the prE"-- Charles McArthy of the Royal caftx Sir. The distinction~ how~ nadlan Air force, who hails from , ever, does not apply to alhed n&- jLong Island, N. Y. He received th• Uonals. , distinguished service order tor gal, The awards were made, ft wa.s Jant work while pa.rttcJpatln~ in announced., in recognition of their the destruction ut the two Ru.hr "moat valuable service, In com,. c1amo May 18. I "Missing in action" Isn't always quite so grim as it sounds. From two Grand Rapids soldiers reported ''missing in action" in north A!rica their families have received letters saying they are prisoners or the German army. The soldiers are Cpl. Tech. Harold J. Coolsen, 29, son of Mr, and Mrs. Frank Coolsen, 853 Hovey-st., s. W., and Sgt. Charles DeSGT. DEJO G Jong, 26, son of Mr, and Mrs, 1 Hessel DeJong, 652 Hogan-st., S.W, Cpl. Coolsen, attached . to an armored force unit as a radio operator, was reported missing Feb, 14. His Jetter is dated March 18. Sgt. DeJong, reported missing ]n early March, aJso wrote his letter on March 18. He was in the artillery when captured. Whether the men are in the same camp is not definitely known, nor even whether they are acquainted. Cpl. Coolsen's letter was ':'ritten •1o his wi!e, Joan, of 812 First-st., N, W. Things They Need. Don't worry/• he wrote, "and tell Dad liwl all the rest that I am OK. Please send me a toothbrush, paste, ]1andkerchiets:, face towels and a S\veater. All that you send will reach me." Here is what Sgt. L'cJong wrote liis family: ''Dear Folks: I am a prisoner of war in Germany, We live in nice barracks and are given plenty to eat by the Germans and also get packages from the Red Cross, so you don't have a thing to worry about. I have put on some weight since being here. We are treated just swell, I won't be writing any letters to anyone except home a couple times a month. If you don't hear from me for a long time don't worry because we really do have it swell here. How is everything there? \Vhen you write me let me know jf my allotment money is getting sent to you. Boy, I'll bet little Johnny (a nephew) is getting to be some guy by now~ I'll sure be glad to see him again some day. \Ve can get books to read here from tq.e library so that is a good way to spend the time, I read my Testament a lot because we have lots of time. We have church services on Sunday, which I attend. Try and get in touch with the Red Cross and find out about writing me and sending me packages. I could use tooth brush, towel, shaving- outfit, etc. By now! CHUCK." Coolscn was employed by the Globe Knitting works before entering service. His wife is employed there in a department engaged in war production. He was inducted in February, 1941, sent to Ireland in May last year and landed In Africa Dec. 24, Both Sides Censor Mail. Sgt. DeJong was inducted :u·y 7, 1941, and received his training at Fort Bragg, N. C., and Camp Blanding, Fla. Last August he went to England and was transferred to the fighting front in Africa soon after the invasion by United States forces. He was educated at the Christian school in Byron Center and before his u<duction was employed by Keeler .Brass Co. Letters from both men cami through the m:ual channels for ex change of mail with prisoners o war. The Jetters bore censor stamps of both the Germans and the allies. �, amoto Perpetrator T f a T .~~ ~t 2om-Page : Hal f Pearl Harbor ..3Attack He came up the hard way. was born poor, at Nagaoka, in the northwest Japanese oil region, B;y THURSTON MACAULEY impression than on Yamamoto. hence learned at an early age the International News Service Hausofer's "geopolitics of the Pa- great value of oil to a nation that ciflc ocean" became his Bible. was ' destined to cor ._ uer. Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto Geopolitics helped plan the grand I He was trained as . soldier from will go down in hfotory as the strategy that won Hitler most of the age of 6, and ; Jroughly inperpetrator of the sneak J apEurope. Geopolitics to Yamamoto doctrinated with th• Shinto dog- - - - - - - • - - - ~ - - • ma of Japanese raci a.l superiority. anese air attack on Pearl Later· Yamamoto w~nt tr $e.a in Harbor. windjammers. He se , red '"'aJ' an As far back as 1915 Yamaensign on the Mik:1sa, the flag-.to was thinking in such ship of Admiral 'T ~go. and saw .., me. He was ask ed whether · at first hand the defeat of the battlesh ips or submarines Russians in 1904 by an attack would control the seas. that was a perfect prrlude to the "Neither!" he retorted. "The shape of things to come later at most important ship of the fu ... Pearl Harbor. He lost two fingel's tu:re wlH be a ship to carry --:in that war. airplanes!" Yamamoto could be as wily as Then in 1934, when he was Nipthe rest of his "untrymen. In pon's No. 1 delegate to the LonLondon h e made f r\Pnds with Addon naval conference, Yamamoto miral William H. .J lc. ndley of the declared: \\ American delegati.on and now "We consider the aircraft carrier United States ambassador to the the most offensive of all armaKremlin. ment." DIPLOMATIC YI,cW STARTS NAVAL RACE In 1935 Yam , .,10;,o announced he foresaw a "peaceful Pacific soluYamamoto was the man who tion in naval problems affecting torpedoed the London padey. He Japan and the United States." wouldn't stick to the 5-5-3 ratio As late as Feb. 1938 he declared but demanded parity with the that "Japan will not engage in United States. That started the a building race. Instead she will naval race. Japan went to war build what is necessary to dewith twice as many carriers as the f end her own shores and preserve United States. peace and order in the Far East." The admITaJ, an eX}Jert flyer, meant domination of the Pacific However in January, 1941, YamafOt h is ideas on global war world. moto wrote this letter to a friend: from the same source that in- POKER CHAMPION · "Any time war breaks out spired Adolf Hitler in Germany between Japan and the United Yamamoto had other claims to - a German artillery officer States I shall not be content fame. The stocky, aggressive litnamed Karl Hausofer. merely to capture Guam and Hausofer instructed Japanese tle man was poker and chess the Philippines and occupy Ha.. champion of the Japanese fleet. cadets between 1909 and 1912. On waii and San Francisco. Seo YAMAMOTO-Page U none did he make a. more lasting "I am lookin g forward to dictating peace to the United States in the \Vhite House at Washington.'' A broadcast of Darnel, official Japanese news agency, made that letter public on Dec. 17, 1941-10 days after Pearl Harbor. The broadcast added that Yama, moto had written in the letter about the "humiliation" that was "felt by all the Japanese navy at the time the 1934 naval disarmament conference at London 1 failed.'' : Yamamoto, who became com. mander in chief of the Japanese · fleet in August, 1939, knew what s - .t,.',-'r.3 ~ Washington wu; like. He was naval attache in the American capital in the 1920s, Because he was such a firm believer in air power, Yamamoto has been referred to as the Billy Mitchell of Japan. There was a difference, though, in Yamamoto·s case. Unlike Billy Mitchell, Yamamoto had things the way he wanted them. Southwest Pacific .Assembly Line S -<>( ~ -1+ , S-:~~ - U 1 I I He< <ls Jap Navy Mass production comes to the sou thwest Pacific as American army mechanics put war machines together in assembly line fashion at a base "somewhere down under." A truck that was shipped in sections is assembled h1 rush order time, while a row of heavy tires await the rest of the vehicles they'll roll. (United States army air forc e ~hotos fro1n NEA.) y ;;nk Flyer From China Says l Bombin!! Japan-Will End War It~~ 'i· 'r.'.l -NEA Telephoto. ADM. MINEICIIl KOGA has succeeded to connuand of the entire Japanese navy as the result of the death in air combat of Ad1n. (soro"-u Yam amoto, Jap fleet comm,nder who once;. boasted he would dictate peace terms fron1 the White House' t u New York-(JP)-You can take it from Burma; conducted a combat from "Dude" Higgs, who knows: school for Chinese pilots; :flew When you're flying a cargo plane such notables as Generalissimo and without guns and a Jap Zero Mme. Chiang Kai-Shek and WenI comes along, you either hide in dell L. Willkie when the Jatter the clouds or you leave the scene visited China on his world tour. -but quickly. But the most excitement in that And you also can take it from exciting career, he said, was during "Dude" Higgs: Flying munitions, the Hong Kong period, when he war materiel and passengers for was ferrying as many as 80 eva~uthe last civilian airline over a war ees per trip from the city to Free zone is far more exciting than China. Both the British and the actuaJ aerial combat. Japs fired on him. , Through 20 Air Raids. "I was getting ack-ack from botl}. i Capt. Frank L. Higgs of Colum- sides," he grinned. "The runwaf bus, Ohio, back in the states for was mined and I had to bring my a few weeks to procure lease -lend cargo plane down on a tiny strip. planes and ferry pilots for China, That was something. has done both. For three years he Wants Japan Bombed. fought the Japs in China-and the "I'd load up at Hong Kong and \ day after Pearl Harbor he was leave at dawn. During ...th.. day jn Hong Kong as chief pilot of I'd stay in Chungking', ·so the Japs the China National Aviation corpo- couldn't bomb my plane. Then I'dt ration-the first pilot there to fly back to Hong Kong at night evacuate civilians to Free China. for another load of passeilgers. 1 Capt. Higgs, with more than You can't possibly picture what it ' 6,000 flying hours to his credit1' was like. I I experienced more than 20 air raids; I fought in China and Burma as a member of the American Flying Tigers; helped evacuate the Tigers �A IQD D9I P '9 NJ I lhlllk abnl 70ll ofta, I 'cl vrlte 7ft ner, cla,1', h i there '• little thOQCII '!bat • ee• worth vhll• \o eq. And It either ralu or doea 1 1 rala, It'• el tller hot or oolcl, The aeve 1• all ulnteree\1111 Or elH 11 1 1 all be a told. 'l'he oal7 thlJII that •l\en, h t he fact that 7ft are \here And I u here w1 thcnat ;roa And 1t loaH OM ner, where. I. I thlllk about the vq 7ft nlle tcnaoh And clbtanoe lncle IDGhazat• al Aacl - - - I • lH 101l Tl~ • llOh. And recall 7ov e Brought the Skirt from Samoa oni Ann, 20 months, doesn't know what to make creat big- stra nge daddy who came t.o see from thousands of miles away a nd brough t her rra,as skirt and shell beads from Samoa. She only t h ree months old wh en L ieut. (Dr.) Frank ams, 1588 W lddic~mb ave., NW., lef t fo r navy duty. H e wooed h er with her first lee cr eam cone but sh e's still mak in g only the sh yest ot friendly gestures towa rd "that m an.'' I n cidentally, sh e was just as much of a surprise to h er daddy, who couldn't h elp picturing her stlll In swa ddling clothes. N More Wounded Local Soldiers Arrive -\ s~r:.,.J At Percy Jones Hospital in Battle Creek I As Public Sees It (Com muttic etioni to tli/1 column must not contoin mor• tl,on !"(? ~~'dj ond mud b e lif rted by f/le nom• ol llie writ•r to ,ecurt .o u ,co ,on. Onf! or Tholf' Am ar.in c )lat hr ~henom en& \\'e Somf" t ime, EuC"<mnte r Applied to \\'orld \\"ar. Erlitor Chronicl(>: ·A frif'nd or mine handed me a card the other da)·. lt.s content i~ha~r~~\\~w~i1ler Roo~p,·elt 11 Duce li~r Born Took Offic, . 1940 1933 4 11 Years In Office - Total End of war Slalin 18;~ 18~; 1s:; 1st; is~; ___ _1 0 2 3!'88 3888 of 3888 is 1944; l~.13 11 19~~ 9 1 ;~ 'fo,io :~~ 3 3888 ;;sss :isss 388~ 1 2 of 19~4 i!! 9'12 <9-7-2) . Sf>pl. 7 - 1944,-~ ~;~~ 1~;, supreme Ruler, take the !irst letter ol each ol tne abo,·e nRmes listed; CHRIST! ,n:RDINAND NELSON. 757 Dale A,,. , Two more Grand Rapids so1diers, casualties of the fierce campaign against the Japs in New Gui nea, have arrived at Percy Jones Gen• eral hospital in Battle Crer.k, accordi ng to word from the hospital Friday. They are Sgt. Milton H. DeVries, 24, son of Mr. and Mrs. Homer De Vries, 2055 Beals-rd .. S. W .. a nd Pvt. Earl \V. Brov,rn, 23, son of Mr. and Mrs. Victor H. Brown, 1036 White-av., N, W. I Sgt. DeVries was "seriously wounded'' on Jan. 2, the day that Buna was captured by the American forces. He was struck in the abdomen while leadi ng a rifle squad helping to drive the last of the Japs from their positions along the shore. DeVries' squad was attempting to clean out a nest of enemy soldiers hidi ng in a landing barge on the beach. Ca rried and F lown Out. Carried back from the front by ' natives, he was flown over the , Owen Stanl ey mountains to Port · ~ SGT. M. ff. DE VRIES. l {;10~~1:~r j~ntu!t:~i:v~~u!t;idp~~a~ }~~~: =~:;e t:;o~i~~eh~~a~~~!~ 1 lyzed for a time but later recov- to an Australian hospital and only ered use of h js legs. At Letterman t his week his parents received a Gener al hospital in San F rancisco, letter that he had arrived in San where he was under treatment be- Francisco. They were unaware, fore t ransfer t o Battle Creek, he however, that he had been transreceived the decor ation of the or• ferred to Battle Creek. T hey der of the purple hear t. had not been informed of the m an• A graduate of Grandvi1lc High ner in which their son was inschool in 1936, he entered the serv• jured and had not previously anice in April, 1941, a nd was as- nounced that he had been hos• signed to the 127th infantry of the pitalized, Red Arrows, 32nd division, with Regarding his experience, Brown which he went overseas a year. said: "'All that was left of my 1ater. I truck was three pieces of tire." He Pvt. Brown was Incapacitated was injured two months after arwhen the ammunition trurk of rival Jn New Guinea. wh ich he was a driver was blown A former Union High sch()Ol stuup near Port Moresby by a direct dent, Pvt. Brown enlisted ln tile bOQlb lilt from a J-,p plane. Brown national iUard In Januar_.y, 1940, wi:11- .; lbort dlllilnce ttom th• and went with hla unit l ','O fed• PVT. EARL W. BROWN. eral service the following October. In April, 1941, he was transferred to the quartermaster battalion of his unit. A brother, Herbert, 23, who enterec! service last Dec. 15, 1 now is in the chemical warfare ; service at Camp Sibert, Ala. Another Grand Rapids guards• man, Lt. Raymond CoUier, former newspaper man who Jived in North Park, also has arrived at Percy Jones hospital for treatment of a shoulder ailment which incapacitated him in Australia. He was in California hospital several months after retur n from overseas. His wife Is night supervisor at Butterworth hospital. Lt. Collier recently visited Hastings to see his daughter, bom after he went to Australia. The daughter Is with Mn. Collier's parent.I there, �GRAND RAPIDS, MICH., TUESDAY, MAY 25, It's a Far Call From Louisiana to New Guinea! Bully Beef Bombardiers S-3 1-\:, Corresponp.1mt Pays Tribute to Local Men for ,; Herofo Service of Supply in Papua WJ1en t h e regimen t goes in to action the band goes, too, fighting and work ing alongside t he others. Wh en Chief Warrant Officer Oscar E. K u tsch inski of Grand Rapids, in charg e of the ba nd of t h e 126th infantr y, got 10 of h is men t ogeth er in New Guinea h e photo graphed them (up per picture) "to show the folks back home h ow t h ey look aft er a f ew m onth s of jungle life." S tanding, le~t t o right, SGT. CHARLES R. BERRY, Graml Rapids; P FC. RALPH FREEMAN, Gran d Rapids; CPL. N ORl\IAN BER RA, Saginaw; P FC. KENNErH COLYER, Blissfield ; Pl•~C. D E AN COOK, Tipton; kneeling, le.ft to r ight, CPL. FLOYD J OHNSON, Grand Rapids; TECH . SGT. GLENN J OHNSON, Gran d Rapids; PFC. H AR OLD GREEN, East l\Ioli.ne, Ill.; PFC. IRWIN H UFF, Grand R apids; CPL. R OBERT M. SCHADE, Gr and Ra1>ids. I n the lower picture buglers fr om th e 126th band a re sh own at pr~cHce while the regiment was in · basic t raining at Ca,np Livingston, La., in December, 194.l. rndt!'.r g-uidancr. of U-.e chief cornetist, SGT. CHARLES , l. MZRCY",, w ith MR. KUTCHINSKI look init on, the trumpeters are, left to r ight, PVTS. E D\VARD \ V. F RANTZ, EDWARD J. VAN TASSEi{, R OBERT P. ROOSIEN, , WILLIA~I H. GROTERS, LYLE J . BIESCHKE and ESTELL J ONES, all except VanTassek from Grand Rapids. Van Tassek's h ome is in H olland. Memorial day brought with it the first detailed story of the large part Michigan and Grand Rapids men played in delivering life-ordeath supplies to their comrades in the thick of the fighting in New Guinea's jungles last fall and winter when victory over the Japs was still a long way ahead. / there The saga of the "Bully Beef Bombardiers" is told by Robert J. Doyle, a special correspondent for several American newspapers. They got that name from the battling infantrymen who kept an alert eye skyward to keep from being hit by the welcome cases of food and ammunition kicked from circling transport planes. Air supply of the troops had to be resorted to beginning in September, when 1.he Red Arrow division was hurried to New Guinea by ship and ai r to ~em the advancing Jap tide on Port Moresby. So difficult was the terraili of troops crossing the Ow n Stanley mountain range that ·hey could not carry their own SUf' )lies. B an dsmen Forget Horns. For two months, men gathering, loading and delivering supplies to the jungle troops toiled night and day, sometimes dropping from sheer exhaustion. Bandsmen of the old Grand Rapids national guard unit were among the foremost of these workers. With them worked clerks, administrative and finance officers and a· illerymen not otherwise occupieL Mentioned ~pcciaIIy · the correspondent for their st. ... lwart ef- ) forts in seeing to it that men at the fighting front got what they ' needed were Maj. Harry Menclewski, 825 Aberdeen-st., S. E., who was then a special services officer and was plane-loading boss; Maj. Clarence Schnipke, 641 Lambertpl., who directed ordnance supply; Capt. Kenneth Thomas. 705 Watkins-st., S. E.; Chief Warrant Officer Oscar E. Kutschinski, formerly 1908 Wilcox Park-dr., S. E., bandmaster, and \';.-~ rant Officer Amos Gill, 958 Bates-st., S. E., who was transportation of- ficer. To these men and their ai fell the terrific task of fil "urgent," "most urgei, H ''super-priority'' requests from the front. Some ;=~~te~~) ~!~edi~n~~~t 1 what plf:ir e,s, would It was .up to them and transport- to the la: the supplies 0-fa~r ed_. for the first flights a• and night they ate when t~ a chance. No semblance of 1 meal hours was attempted. was foresaken until exhr, compelled a halt. T he P arachute Probler It was a Grand Rapids man1 solved one of the toughest l lems ln the early phase of operation. Folding of parach to float the supply loads to • stumped the supply men they discovered that Sgt. Slaughter of Grand Rapids a former professional para1 jumper. He taught the other~ trick of parachute folding. Pilots, working in a fre xecitement, grabbed a sani in between times and ~ many as five round trips 1,000 miles or more in al out rest. "Red Arrow division sold1t. some pioneering in the a well as on the ground in Pa the correspondent concludes1 �'I As Public Sees It - r <Communications to thi1111 column must not contain more than 300 word5 and I ~~i~~r ~~ peblic~Ton~)•me of the :~~i'1 t~ Rela)·a Doughboy'!J Poetic Comments on John L. Lewis and War Plant Strlken. Editor Chronicle: By request I am relaying to the readers o[ this column a poetic comment on ~trikes In war industries written by one of our bo}s now in New Guinea and relayed to me hy a fri~nd al!!o in the ~erdct' there: ! D0!:GHBO\' TO JOHX L. LEWIS I Our Amateur Bards Contributions must be 11.gn.ed by writer: t~~:U t:r;~~ ~~za!d~~u1!~~~f uary ,.-eraea not accepted.). (and to &II striken) IRTLER rm Lieut. ,Tame111 Martin Mcinerney (left), who was commissioned Jn the marine air force recently, and Maj. RobeJ't w. Zant, his Jone-time pal, who has Just returned from 10 months • pent helping bomb full of damned malaria, I !-hake the whole day long, The quinine's ringing in my ears, I'm anything but strong, Mosquito biles all over me, You'd think I had "the ilch,'' My cars arc full a ''Guinea mud ," My hunk-a muddy ditch! Rommel lnt.o a nervous breakdown, got together Monday for the ftnt time Jn many months and twirled the globe to try and guess where orden would take them when their present leaves are up. I'm li\'lng in a jungle. a bomber, Maj. Zant said, and FLYING FRIENDS MEET HERE ON LEAVE much about It." Lots 1 0ne Saw Baffle in Egypt, Other Awaits first fight It's hot as merry he11, "C'' ration is my menu, No cookin)it can I smell, For thi!5 I _get two bucks a day, Anci a chftnce for a 1itt1e ground That measures four by six by four, And a co\·ercd grassy mound. "lou get so you don't think of fu nny things happen I when you're !lying, Maj. Zant as- sured Lieut. Mcinerney and then told about his personal "biggest sc~re" o! the whole African cam' paign. His outfit was rPlurning from a Maj. Robert W. Zant of the ar~"""?.1 SUPPORTED MONTGOMERY ' flight to Greece, he said and the air corps, who received bis majority There his outft.t was aulgned to I ship had attained high altitude 1 I;° ;:'~~i:•i:i:~~! :. w:e~~::.,;fter E t I My pal who came down here the support of the Eighth army un- 1 when a terriflc exploislon occurred c:::l~; w:; ~om:;,~~~~~!d ino t~e; , .reaching Rommel. Reconnaissance happened?" his crew asked Zant. kept the watch, told :where the KEEP GOING supplies were to be located and "I don't know," the captain told the Americans, flying Liberator• them, gritting his teeth, "but we're which had a greater range than still flying. Let's keep going." any British ship• that were avallNot knowing what terrific injury able during the first months of the the ship might have suffered, the campaign, bombed the ships indl• pilot "kept goin•g." The ship, micated to them at na and harbor raculous to relate, responded norand dock Jnata1latton1. maJly and he }anded. Then he and For . the first ftve months of hl• the rest oC the crew made their duty in Egypt Maj. Zant wu a j way warily to the cockpit where, pilot aDd flight leader an~ for the by the sound, the damage had second flve months operations offt-, taken place. cer. It was damage all right-! Just \ Last Jan. l, he received the before the ship began to climb, Dlst.lngulshed Ftylng Crou for somebody had placed a can of "meritorious achlevem:nt and beans on the heater. Then the ship The major and the lieutenant conspicuous leadership and at went up, the air J>ressure on the have been friends most of their ~e :,me the alr medal. \ outside altered and there was steam lives. Both are Catholic Central 1 ur ng is service in · Afr ca l inside that can. alumni, Maj. Zant graduating in Maj. Zant was for three months "The can literally dlsinte1935 and Lieut. Mcinerney in 1937. in the deaert, where terrific heat crated," said the major. "There Maj. Z&nt i• the son of Mrs. was less a problem than the conwere beans all over the cockRudolph, zant of 2115 t.eonard st., slant gales of sand. Water supply pit and the one man who waa NW., ana Lieut. Mcinerney the was so limited that he could write In there was covered with son ol Mr. and Mrs. James L. Mc- home triumphantly, "I feel finebeans and tomato sauce--othinerney of 516 College ave., SE. just had a bath and a. shave in two erwtse there were no casual.A week ago Maj. Zant wa.a in quarts ot water. Things are lookties." Cairo. He left (by air) the day i~:t.~P· Last week I had only a Lieut. Mcinerney, listening eagerafter the triumphant finish of the ly to his friend's flying yarns, deP Tunisian campaign. CHASED "VABSITY" , clared vigorously that "the air ts Hlo ontftt didn't ret Into TuHe speaks casually or !lights to It the only thing," and then grinned nl•la to apeak of, but they had Greece and Italy, tells bow his out- to look back on his own younger a job which may have been • flt chased what they fondly termed pelt. When Bob Zant was learning con•lderable factor In slvlnr the "varsity" crew of German antl- flying in 1939, it seems, young McRommel that nervo119 breakaircratt gunners from Tobruk lnerney declared hie friend wu down of which we now hear. to ItaJy. The Americans grew "crazy.'" Maj. Zant went to Egypt las~ clear accustomed to flying through antiNow nobody ts more alr-mtnded July. In his senior year at Michiaircraft fire that blackened the sky than Lieut. Mcinerney. gan State, where he was graduated, with smoke like the approach of a Mcinerney entered Notre Dame in 1939, he took up flying and be- heavY thunderstorm. Casualties, university after his graduation came an aviation entbuala1t. FolMaj. Zant says, were few, but there from Catholic ~entral but tn 1939 lowing hts graduation from colle&e was one outfit of Germans whose returned to go mto the Mclnerney he was employed here by the International Harvester company but fire was so accurate that the Amer- Spring and Wire company with hts \ 1cans dubbed them the varsity, father when ft.re destroyed their enlisted in the army air corp• k former plant. April 25, 1941, and, after tralnlnii and ~eheved they traced th 1I crac During the first halt of 1942 he at Stanford, Tex.. Randolph ft.eld outft.t II successive. stands clear was tn Washington with the ship-\ and Brooks fleld, was commlsstoned acroH Africa and into Italy. building branch of the war produca. second lieutenant Dec. 12, 194.1, Only a direct hit of anti.Uon board and on June 1, 1942, enand u • igned to heavy bombing. aircraft fire ls effectlvf! f.Calnei listed in the marine air force. He He waa stationed at Barksdale See FlUEND-PIIP 11 took his pre-flight training at Athfteld, La., and Ft. Myers, Fla., beens, Ga., and his basic training at Anacoata and was then ordered to fore belnl' sent to Egypt. Corpus Christi where be has Just , received his commission in the marine corps reserve. marine air force, got together· Monday tor the first time lh many months to swap stories of the air. The agE's of the two young men total under 50 for Zant 111 a major at the Hrlpe old age" of 26, and Lieut. Mcinerney ts three years his junior. Both are here on leave, having arrived the past week.end. Maj. Zant is unassigned, awaitIng orders from Washington. Lieut. Mcinerney is to report back to Corpus Christi, Tex., where he was commissioned May 1. LIFELONG FRIENDS The lad was just eighteen, .(;ot him a bed he'll never 1ea\·e, The coverlet is green. Another one wilt see no more-, Another lost an arm, And hundreds more I do not kno,11,•. Are now safe from all harm! I f'me I with ' me. 0J 1 d ht i der Gen Montgomery Their or- somewhere gn the bomber. ti • Ma 8 econd ; eut. den we;e to keep .,;ppllea from "What happened, captain, what J as • a~ . I But when I hear a bunch of guys, Are sa fe and far away, Refuse to work because they want Two dollars more a day, r only wish we had them her~. For just a week or two, To Jh·c In •'Guinea jungle~·• And there we'd let them stew. Hitler called the Devil upon the phone, one day. The girl at central listened to all they had to say. "Hello," she heard Hitler say, ••11 ole man Satan home? Just tell him it's the Dictator who wants him on the phone.'• The Devil said, 1'Howdy," and Hlt• ler, "How are you? I'm running hell here on Earth ao tell me what to do" ' "What can I do,'' the Devil said, unear old Pal of mine? It seems you don't need any 'belp you're doing mighty fine.';:. a while ago When a man named Roosevelt wired me to go slow. He said, 'Dear Hitler, we won't want to be unkind But you've raised hen' enough, 80 ~~d.~'ad better change you "I thought his lease lend was a bluff and could never get It through. But he just put me on a spot, when he showed what he could do. Now, that's why I called yo Satan, I need advfce from you. For I know that you will tell me, Just what I ought to do." "My dear Hitler, there lad, ter for you than it is in hell. I have been a mean old Devil, but not half as mean as you. So t~e ~lnute you get here, the Job 1s yours to do. 1 11 1'11 be re~dy for your coming, and I will keep the fire bright. And I'll have your room nljdy when Sam begins tl> fight_ ' For I see your days are numbered . I and there's nothing left to tell, So hang up the phone, get on youi' hat, and meet me here In hell!" PVT. CECIEL JEMRINGS. Base Hospital, Ward 520 Camp Robinson, Arkansas. bet this guy would enough, At home- he'd gladly stay. No strikc-s. he'd start right soon : again. For "t\\'0 more b~cks a day!" AGNES BALCAVAGE. 282 ~-f'bster Ave. Is not much left to tell For Uncle Sam will 'make It hot• Fr,.-r. North, South, \Vest and ~st. \Vf''d make them sleep in fqx holes, \Ve'rl feed them from a can, \Ve'd !Pt a hot sun blister them, 'Twoul<l he no "Palm Beach tan!" \V e'rl lrt 1hem hear the wounded moan. \Ve'd let 1hem see them die, \Vith ~nipcn' bullets whizzing by, And star shells in the sky. An~. then we'd send them home again. . To their ten buck a dav. To tell others what the):'d seen, \Vay down New Guinea wa;y. ' "Yes, I wa,s doing very well until We'd give thflm all malaria, Let mosquitoes have a feast, We'd make them bury many a I'll I �CH., TUEsbAY, MAY 18, 1943 HOSPITAL SHIP SUNK IS PLACED AT 2991 Mercy Craft Torpedoed Deliberately; 64 Saved • I MacArthur Scores 'Savagery' in Loss of Australian Vessel UNITED NATIONS HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Tuesday) (INS)-Sinking of the Australian hospital ship Cen• taur by a Japanese submarine with the loss of 299 lives wal disclosed Monday by Gen. ·Douglas MacArthur's headquarters. The 3,220-ton mercy vessel, it was revealed, was torpedoed and sunk Friday about 40 miles east of Brisbane. Only 64 aboard the doomed craft survived. The Centaur, its Red Cross fully illuminated, was attacked without warning in the most disastrous tragedy in Australian , maritime history. Ablaze its entire length after , the torpedo exploded her fuel tanks. the Centaur sank within three minutes. Survivors, among whom sharks took a heavy toll, were picked up by an Allied vessel. I SCORES "SAVAGERY" General MacArthur, commentin&' on the unnecessary sinking, deplored it as an act of cruelty and scored what he bitterly called the "limitless - savagery" of "ihe Australian nurses,~f whom only "Northeastern sector: Japs. He warned the Japs that one was known to have survived. "Gasmata: Our medium ai:id 1 Sinking of the Centaur in an :un- heavy bombet·s attacked the airtheir sa'.'agery :wm. not h~lt th: Allied drive to "mev1table victory. precedented display of barbarism drome, destroying an enemy bomb"I cannot express the revul• shocked Allied leaders in Australia er caught on the ground an~ carsslon I feel at this unnecessary who asserted that it was impossible ing numerous expl~sions m he act of cruelty," MacArthur the Japs could have mistaken the · supply dump and dispersal areas. said. "It's limitless savagery vessel's identity , with its clearly I "Cape Gloucester: Our heavy ~erepresents the continuation of lighted crosses. . \ connaissance units bombed th e aira calculated attempt to create It was believed the first t~me in I <_!.rome. a sense of trepidation through this war that any mercy ship had "SLIGHT DAMAGE" · the practice of horrorg debeen deliberately torpedoed. , "New Guinea-W~u: Twenty-two signed to shock normal sensl• BOMBING RAIDS I enemy bombers, escorted. by 21 1 bllit.ies. Torpedoing of t~e Centaur and fighters, bombed the a1rdrome, ·'The brutal excesses of the the great loss: of hfe among nonausing slight damage and casualPhili11pine campaign, the execu• combatants was included in the ~.1 es tion of our captured atrmen, noon communique from Gene;al 41 .Australia: At 0410 on 14/5 (4_:10 the barba.rltY of Papua are all MacArthurs' head4uarters, which May l-!) an enemy submarine of a. pattern. The enemy does also announced .raids by Allied ~;l~~doed and sank witho:1t war-?-not understand; he apparently bombers on Jap airdromes at Gas- ing the Australian hospita~ ship • cannot understand, that our in• mata and Cape Gloucester, New Centaur 40 miles east of Brisbane , vincible strength is n9t so Britain. bile en route from Sydney to New \ much of the body as it is \-..f the Text of the commu_nique: ~uinea. The vessel was tra~eling soul and rises with adversity. "Northwestern sector. t d was f.ully illuminated fa~'!!e u:,;!, ~{;:ss fo:f" bl=!,~ ~ "Dutch New <?uinea-Nappl post~ ~::s:~r~;d with a Red Cros~ ~nd Three enemy aircraft bo'mbed an was compiying with all prov1s1ons Its light of mercy will but strafed the area. f . t ational law governing hosshine the brighter on our way i'Timor-Koepang: One of our o. in er~ . . 0 war. to inevitable victory." me1iium units attacked Penfoei air- p1tal ships m time f clear and Allied fliers were infuriated at, drome starting fires. "The weather was e ca _ I news of the sinking. In recent "Ba;ique: Our medium units visibility excellent .. T~~ ;:;:el mi~raids on the Jap-held base at Ra- bombed the enemy-occupied town, sized and san~ Of the 363 haul, they have deliberately re- starting fires. . . utes after being . and medical trained from dropping bombs on a "Dili: one of our medium units members o:f the cre~oard 64 were big Jap hospital ship permane~tly bombed the airdrome. staff and nurs~s on re 'iost The moored in the harbor, even making uKai Islands _ Langgoer: Our resc~ed. Remainder w:nem • subsure that their missiles did not long l'.ange fight~rs attacked the surv.1vors ~aw th0 ·tl afrer the drop anywhere near the enemy airdrome destroying three enemy marme smface shot Y vessel. fighters ~n the ground. 1 attack." OBSERVED REGULATIONS The Centaur converted to a hospital s)lip thi; year, was making her second trip to New Guinea, observing all international regula• tions when sunk. Sh~ was loaded with medical personnel. Among them were 12 See MERCY SHIP-Page 8 I I Wl!~t I I �er ver you : be. • en ,-oa croi:a d the se • lain vho ided 1'0Ul' ahlp. d Be keap )' ufe on th t ril.oua trtp. When. a a ~a wre r ~ . di d He c la t o ator11t. 'llh.n the days ere cold• dl d HG keep 7r,o. WI.T'II . Did He spa.re 700. ho slck:ncas. l onliness. tear. And remind y er.eh ieht to pra,.v t o Hill. ear. Ilid He bring your ahip t o its destined Port. l t .out aey tr oubles or~ aort . I~ 70 •re vherG it ' s hot, vc s it cool ar todt11, And t he \nMJcta. the e;eZ'IIIII. has Re ltcpt them •wat• • He gi ven 7 at~h for t he dqa ahead, fo ca:r17 700. thro~ t.he *Hell• yoo. dread. And brlng you ~ck to your friends and to 119, Just yaur 11a11e d r aelt, f or all that :-011•11 •••• Dllt ybJ ahould 1 eak it Re ' s teheil ovt;r you. I knov He has• d • - I b ~ d Ru to. ,. Eighty-Fifth Year Muskegon, Michigan, Saturday, July 18, 1942 ASSOCIATED PRESS EDS' LINK TO MIDDLE EAST IS As Japs Staged Reception for Convoy at New Guinea Almost obscured by bomb bursts is t his United Nations' ship lying at Port Moresby, New Guinea, aiter arrival in convoy of troops and supplies. Japs raided harbor before ships could be unloaded. Tr~ps and stevedores run for shelter as an air raid alarm in~rrupts their work of unloading re centl!if arrived convoy ships at Port Moresby, New Gu inea. "~,~'\ Hitler Youth Writes Hatred of Naz_i, Bestiality · Allied Headquarters, Al giers, Jan. 3.- (JP) -Allied headquarters tod ay r eleased a diary of a former storm troo_p leader in the Hitler youth movement captured in ItalJ'. which showed that the young Nazi had had a complete change of heart after less than a )ear of I fightmg. , . h diar as re~ Extracts from t e Y{ncluded leased by headquarters, thcs~an 15, 1943-' What excite• ment. My first day as a real sol dier." I I I Jan. 23, 1943- "Fitled out in I uniform. I IoO.}c. fine ff a little man. All this retreating doe s odd." · not agree with m e." Feb. 15, 1943-"Gradually 1 On Dec. 22, the day before 1his am beginning to feel myse"lf a capture, the official -statement real soldier." said, the following \vas found) in There followed a long , poem his diary: . . ~ about the armored grenadiers. In ''Yesterday rn_ght. dunn~ ~6i_· September, the ex-storm t roop ; treat, I br.oke fmal ly ~nd ine · leader came to Italy. and in Novocably with my old hfe. Gonevember the tone of the diary are all the old va lues, all that. changed. There were references to was precious to me. In .my the weight of .. Tommy's artillery soul only one thi1~g. remams, ! fi re" and the number of German hatred for the besllahty of th,e casualties. . German army. For at last on\! Then in December tl1ere was is human. . /. this notation: "\Vhat have we to flgh~ for I I I I ''I wish I was an English• Everyone cursed the Nazi go~- ernment but few have the courage to run against it. Why? Because brutality 8.nd the pov,;er of oppression are still strong. If only the opportunity offered, I would help strPngthen 'the thousands who long for the day of the final collapse. :x x x If I e\·er survive to leave the front alive at least I shall haYe seen through the tawdry facade of N azi politics, I shall know the points at which the Nazis are weakest. x x x Why was I born a Ger• man ? I feel myself alwaj'S a slave." �..:ontnbutton.. muat oe •ISINO D)' «ttll addrlH, ,'(m.lteCI to aeYen lour-lbN tanzas or equ1vaJu1t. Memarlal cs abltnot e::cepted.) uary vt!T• N I THE LAST 1Listen, all you BIG STRIKE children, to ~·our story for tonight. Now the Army, the Marine Corps and the Navy went on strike. 'Twas long .before you children ever saw the light of day That the men who fight for free, dom went on strike for higher pay. The Japs had bombed Pearl Har". bor and the struggle had begun 'Tween the forces of Old Glory and yellow Rising Sun. The yellow men took Guam and Wake, Manila bowed its head, 1 And then Bataan was covered with the mangled, bloody dead. MacArthur's boys were straining in a bitter fight for life, When news from home came to 1 them of another kind of strike. I "Another Plant is Closed"; ''Two Thousand Men Lay Down Their Tools.'' I "Shorter Hours, Longer Pay; We 1 Are Not a Bunth of Fools." "And nor are we!" the soldiers said. "our hours are too long,'' "We don't get paid for overtime to save that silly throng." "And ,.. -hen a Jap is standing with a bayonet at your throat, Just tell him thaL the whistle blew and he might see the joke. 1 The Navy joined the chorus •and gob was heard Lo say: "\1/e might as well knock off now. "We've earned our monthly pay."· And then the bearded leatherneck turned slowly on his heel; "I'll tell you. boys, let's go home,· if that's the way they feel.'' "Since this. fight is just for money, my life's worth more than that, So let's go where the jobs are soft, and leave this damn war flat.'' So all the boys went trooping oft to find a safer place, They thought it best to save their skin, instead of "saving face".] 1 And soon the Japs i1waded this land of brave and free, , The strikers ha<l to quit their strike, these maniacs to flee. Towns v,:cre burned and pillaged and all put to sword; The wives and mothers ravaged~ by this im·ading horde. IBabies, torn from mother's arms, were murdered everywhere. But the Army, the Marine Corps. aJlSl the Na,-y didn't care, , For they were far away from home and couldn't sec this sight, With mo,ney, wine and women, . they enjoyed their turn to strike. , Now this is just a stor)', don't believe a word I say, If these brave boys had gone on : strike, you'd not bo here today. I I Aussies string barbed wire along their beaches as the hordes of Nippon draw near for their inva .. &ion attempt against American bolstered defenders. I Many Injured When Japs Raid Bataan I--J;ospital As Japs Saw U. S. Surrender at Corregidor Soldiers, D o c t o r s, Nurses Victims; Surgeon in Midst of Operation 1 , I I By DEAN SCHEDLER 1 Corregidor Fortress, Apnl 8-UP> -(Delayed)-Shortly before 10 a. m. Tuesday three heavy Japanese bombers ...unloaded big bombs o~ a , base hospital on Bataan, scoring i direct hits on exposed wards and I woundtcg numerous soldiers1 doctors and nurses. Weary, grim Filipino and Ame.r- j ican soldiers, wounded in the bitter front-line fighting, were \embed out of their hospital beds. Only recently Japanese planes ' dropped stick bombs on the h?spital base, clearly marked by w.hite sheets forming crosses. Amencan protests drew an apology from ~he Japanese high command at Mamla, which calJ.ed it unintenUonal. Edwin R. Nelson of Huntingt?n, W. Va.. who had been work~ng night and day in the opera~mg room treating wounded sold1~rs, was in the midst of an amputat~on. The patient was under a sp~nal. anaesthetic, and Nelson'~ at~es were trying to comfort him with assurance that the bombers were a safe distance away. A bomb struck the ward, and the ' surgeon and his staf.f dropped to the floor. The operatmg room was I I 1 l 1 a ti~~bl~~~ dust cleared Nelso_n resumed the operation, though his instruments and gloves were no ; longer sterile. _ . . Through it all the patient neve1 complained, although the anaesthetic had worn off. . Nelson described the bombing as !, a "nightmare I never want to see ag~~l;:nts in triple-tier beds ,~ere scattered about like toy soldiers. Doctors and nurses sought . frantically to restore _order' calm th_e hysterical, give aid where poss1.· ble, sometimes operate on the spot. (Buddy's poem submitted by} SERGT. JACK ROBINSON. Grand Haven, (Somewhere in N. A[rica.) On the eve of the anniversary of the fall of Corregidor, this photo of brave, but outnumbered American troops, hands raised in &urrender as they yielded the island fortress, was released by the U. S. war department. It is from a Jap film released to News of the Day Newsreel by OWi. Corregidor !ell May 6, 1942. (NEA Telephoto.) I �1 ~ War Really Began 11 Years Ago , ,__Yesterday ~ 1 4 By MARK FOOTE Chronicle Staff Corre:spondent Washington, Sept. 19. - Friday, Sept. 18, 11 years ago the idealis- tic nations, now known as the United Nations, gave the green light to the outlaw nations which resultec! in World War II. President Hoover and then Secretary of State Henry L. Stimson moved heaven and earth to get them to join the United States in sending a fleet to prevent Japan stealing Manchuria from China. But Great Britain, especially, was not interested. Result, the world is now plunged into the most frightful war in all history. If Japan could steal Manchuria, Hitler could do away with the German republic; - Mullolini could grab Ethiopia; the Nazis could scrap the Versailles treaty, reoccupy the Rhineland, annex Austria a11d the Sudetenland and invade Poland. Friday was the eleventh anniversary of the so-called "Manchurian incident." Two forces were then competing for control of Japan. One was a group of Hberal business m~m, statesmen and dip. lornats and the other was a medieval-minded military clique which did not hesitate at murder to accomplish its ends. The military caste started the ball rolling by dynamiting the track of the Japanese-owned South Manchurian railroad, near Mukden. Manchuria was then a part of China. The explosion did less than $100 worth of damage, but the Japanese promptly blamed it on the Chinese and held them responsible. Using this as a pretext, the Japs marched into Mukden. Japs \Vere Fearful History shows, 11,pwever, that the Japs were fearful that the powers would intervene. So they proceeded with great caution. The Jap army did not immediately go barging around all over the map. On the contrary, after occupying Mukden and a few other strategic · JJofnts along the railway line, Tokyo announced to the world that Japan's intentions were strictly limited. They only wanted to preserve order and protect their property interests in Manchuria. If China would stop depredations, the troops would be promptly withdrawn to the railway zone. It was made eminently clear that Japan was afraid she might get into trouble with the great powers. Both Japan and China fit the time were members of the ~ League of Nations. Both were sig~ natories of the Kellogg pact to outlaw war. and the nine _poJ..ver t-reaty- !or preser ving peace in the Pacific. 'l'he United States also 1 was a signatory of the Kellogg I pact and the nine power treaty. But having taken the first halting step in world aggression, Japan stopped to get the reaction. Nothing happened. The council of the League of Nations at Geneva took notice of the event. So did the United States which was not a member of the League of Nations. But nothing came of it. So the Japs advanced another step and stopped afI-in to wait develop• ments. Still the great powers failed to !lH. U. S. Sought Action Alone of all the great powers, the United States, standing outth ~iis~d ~r~s~f ueac~fon~ a t~~~si~;1~l \ Hoover and Secretary of State Stimson, both of whom had a world outlook, were increasingly anxious. They agreed that the time had come to invoke the Nine Power treaty. The American fleet, then three times as powerful as the Japanese Navy, had been holding maneuvers off our west coast. It was ordered to stand by at Hawaii. President Hoover suggested to 1 Stimson that he put the matter up to the British foreign minister, Sir John Simon on the Transatlantic telephone. Britain was asked to join the United States in calling Japan to terms under the Nine Power treaty. Sir John hes• itated. Secretary Stimson called him again the next day. Still Sir John procrastinated and made excuses. Four times in all on successive days Stimson urged Sir John to action, but he remained noncommittal. So finally the whole thing was dropped. All the time the Japanese war clique was standing by to see whether there would be a protest backed by a little force. Japan was not ready for a world war 11 years ago. Gradually realization came that nothing would be done. Soon Japan swallowed the whole of Manchuria, set up a puppet gov• ernment called Manchukuo. This was the beginning and the prelude f - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -...... - ~ Shouldering their barracks bags, a contingent of United States troops piles ashore from the Liberty ship which took them to Port Moresby, Allied base in New Guinea now in the spotlight in the war in the southwestern Pacific. They are welcomed by campaign-hatted Australian troops. Vital Objective in Jap Drive on Australia ni ·~·------ This down•at-the-heels place is Port Moresby on the southern coast of New Guinea island across from the ea. st tip of Australia. This town is believed a Japanese objective to be take:q.. before a full-scale , assault on Australia. _ _ A -----------------~-----------------------.-----~~,I .__.....ctt>.J>_,;iffi .su::.ba:r- nd t.h.ll.t has.J �F ¼ }'J. > . '"·. t O dly ·-** , -•• Dick Platte, Stamping-, -Ends .24 Years ...._"-.">y '- ' -- I Dick Platte, the oldest employee in the Stamping Plant, has been. employed at Hayes continuously since May 20, 1918. He is married, · the father of seven children and DICK PLA'I.TE Coral Sea © National Geograp!iic Society tropical New Guinea resembles a great turkey with I~itsOUTLINE, head ·lowered to keep from bumping the equator. One of the least penetrated areas in the world, it served as a 1,500-mile barrier that stopped the Jap sweep toward Australia. Fighting of the last two years (Yanks and Australians against the Japs) has been limited to the tail and back of the New Guinea "bird." At right, native carriers help soldiers transport supplies to the front in tropical New Guinea. ACME PHOTO. the gra:,dfather of four. He has three sons in service: Sgt. Richard, who served with the 126th in New Guinea; Pfc. Herbert in Panama, and Pfc. Gerard with the U. S. Marines, somewhere in the south- 1 west Pacific. Dick says, 11Hayes must be a. pretty good place to work; look. how long I've been here, and I hope to die in harness." We hope, Dick, that you will be here a long time yet and that you will contbue to be as va1uable and well-liked as you are now. I 11. 32nd Wins MacArthur's I \-q-'(-~ ; l • .. . \ • i " e ! By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS of the day on the brilliant Papuan In the far-off jungles of New campaign. singled out several offiGuinea the fighting men of the cers for citations and then went Reci. Arrow division-which Mich- on to say: igan likes to call it,; own-have "The magni!icent conduct of the kept the faith with their heroic troops and elements of this com-· predecessors of Europe" battle-- mand, operating under difficulties fields in the First World war. rarely if ever surpassed in a camAn eloquent testimonial from paign, has earned my highest General Douglas MacArthur to his praise and commendation. In spite Allied forces in New Guinea, which of inadequate means in many include the 32nd, or Red Arrow, categories, their resourcefulness division, made that conclusion un• and their adaptability have promistakably clear today. duced a self reliance that has "Magnificent con.&tct," "skil1 overcome all handicaps and deand courage" ana "indomitable ficiencies. will 11 were some of General Mac "Through the skill and courage Arthur's expressions in extending and indomitable will for victory, his "highest praise and commenda• they have defeated a bold and ag• tion" to h1s command for winning gressive enemy possessing a the Papauan campaign in eastern marked superiority of resources New Guinea. and potentialities in areas of The 32nd division is composed campaign and combat. to great extent of Michigan and .. While all ground troops have Wisconsin men. There are many performed admirably, elements of thousands of M1ch1gan soldiers 1n the sixth and seventh Australian its ranks. d1v1smns, of the 32nd and 41st IJJ the last war the Red Arrow Umted States d1vis10ns, the Sixth distinguished itself at Chateau mdependent commando unit, moun• Thierry and durmg campaigns of tam artillery batteries of the FJrst the ~arne and the Argonne. When Australian. c?~ps, squadro~s of the soldiers from the Red Arrow en- armored d1v1s1on (Australian) and tered Alsace in May of rn,tS, they native Papuan earners have been were the first of the Amencanlespec1ally prominent. armed forces to set foot on Ger• "To the American Fifth Air man soil. Force and the Royal Austrahan General Mac Arthur, in an order Air Force, no commendation could sea constituted the keystone upon which the whole arch of the cam• paign was erected. They have set new horizons for the air conduct O OrCeS It of the war. "To Almighty God, I give thanks for that guidance which has brought us to this success in our great crusade His is the honor WhiJe General MacArthur the power and the glory forever' did not name specifically the Amen. , ' "elements" of the various di(Sjgned) visions he cited for valor in "Douglas MacArthur, General New Guinea, more thari 100 U. S. A'tmy Commander•in•Chief." Greater Muskegon men are General MacArthur awarded the serving with Company G, 126th Distinguished ServiCe Cross to the Infantry. 32nd Division, in New Allied land commander, General Guinea. Sir Thomas Blarney, and to Lieut. They marched down \Vestern Gen. Robert L. Eichelberger. comavenue to the Pere Marquette mander of the American troops in station Oct. 25. 1940 and went Papua. to Camp Beauregard, La.. when For "extraordinary courage, the United States was only in marked efficiency and precise the preparedness phase of the execution of operation" the fol· global war. 110,ving officers were cited: They are carrymg on the I Lieut. Gen. George c. Kenney, tradition set for them "by Com- rommander of the Alhed A;r pany G of the first World war, lorces; Lieut. Gen. Edmund Fran• when 17 of their number were c1s Herring, Australian field com• killed m action and many re• mander· Major General Richard ceivt=-d decorations for bravery K. Sutherland, chief of staff, genin France. eral headquarters of the South ,__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _...J ac1fic area; MaJor General George b t 00 t Tl . ct· Allen Vasey, Austrahan field com• e . grea · ieir outstan mg mander; Brig. Gen. Charles A. efforts rn combat, m supply and m Willoughby, U.S.A., chief of intel• transportation over both land and Jigence; Brig. Gen. Ennis C. White- Muskegon Unit I F c· eel By MacArthur head and Brig. Gen. Kenneth Walker, American Air Force commanders; AuStralian Brigadiers F. G. Wootten and Kenneth Eather, and Australian group Captain Wil· liam Garing. --Detroit, Jan .. ~--:-(}P)-The 32nd (Red Arrow) dIVJSJ.on was formed on July 18. 1917, three mon ths after the United States entered World War I., but long b.efore that Michigan an~ Wisco~sm . troops had fought side by side-m th e Army of ~he Potomac,. st Ge~tys• burg an? .1~ the war wi th Spam. . Th~. division took over th e front lme i~ Als~ce on_ ~1ay 18, .19l8, af~er mtensive tram~ng, a nd 1~ so domg became the ftrst Americ8:n troops to set foot on German soil. Fro~ then on until A:rmistice day, it was under fire continuously save for ten days m a rest area The 32nd's reputat10n for consistently attammg its obJectives won it the Red Arrow des1gnat1on. ln killed, wounded and missmg in action, 1t lost 14,000 f!lell It de• feated 23 German d1v1s1ons. cap• tured 2.153. prisoners and took a heavy toll m booty from the Ger• mans. After the a.rmisllce, the 32nd served m the Army of Occupation, not returmng from Germany until the spring of 1919. j �Western Michigan's Glorious "Lost Company" \-;)..11,-'7) On-the- Spot Accounts by Special Correspondent Tell How Soldiers From Grand Rapids and Nearby Towns in the 32nd Division Fought a Desperate Three-Week Battle to Maintain a Jungle Pocket Outfl,anking Japs on Sanananda Road Editor's note: Grand Rapids and west l\lichigan men played leading roles in perhaps the most dramatic, story that bas come out of the American-Australian victory in New Guinea-the account of the "Lost Company" of the 32nd (Red Ar- row) division. Although attention was drawn to the Sanananda front only after the fall of Buna, fighting was continuous at Sa.nananda seven weeks before that. The story of the "Lost Company," which held out for three weeks in a road-111 block on the Sanananda. road, entirely surrounded by Ja11s, is told in a series of articles by George Weller, Chicago Daily News correspondent, whose dis• patches have been released exclusively to The Grand Rapids Press in this territory. The first four cha1>ters follow. CHAPTER I. (By George Weller.) (Special Radio to the Chica.go Dally News :Foreign •Service,) (Cop,yright, 1943, Chicago Dail)' News, Inc.) With Advanced American Troops at Sanananda, Jan. 21.-(Delayed) -Japan's most prized weapon is a stab in the back. Nobody to whom Pearl Harbor means anything needs to be told that. But the thrust from the rear has even a more honored place in the Nipponese lexicon of military tactics than in diplomacy. Jap army commanders will do anything possible to get a harassing force in their enemy's rear. If they cannot give the fatal stab in the back, the Japs feint and try to cause the enemy to yield that "iook over the shoulder" which can be the beginning of the disintegration of military forces. The story of Sanananda's "Lost Company" is that of the American use of this weapon of trickery. It is the story of how a small but sternly resolved American force, entirely encircled by Jap troops whose entrenchments were ~uperior was able to cut the Sanananda road and hold a dagger at the back of the Japanese front-line troops. It is the story of men who fought and some who died to maintain the "island" amid Jap forces until Buna's fall released the main body of American and Australian troops for Sanananda. The plan to strike the Japs' rear and cut off their forward lines from using the Sanananda road, which was three and one-half miles from their beachhead to our front lines, was first led by Maj. George C. Bond of Adrian, Mich. Two units of American infantry plus another company equipped with machine guns and rifles comprised the force selected for the daring operation. Two companies, I and K-their regiment cannot be designated for reasons of security -were under Bond's direct leadership, while their support from the point where the American and Australian forces already faced the Japs across the 10-foot wide muddy road, was in the hands of Maj. Bernt Baetcke of Traverse City, Mich. Flown Over Mountains. The infantry companies both had been flown over the Owen Stanley mountains to the vicinity of battle, where they landed on primitive fields. hacked out by American enginee-rs. But the third company was the famous "Wairopi patrol," which, under Capt. Alfred Medendorp of Grand Rapids, had made its way through the forbidding mountains. The Wairopi patrol already had killed 26 Japs before it reached the northern Papuan marshes. At Sanananda it reached the village of Special mention of the bravery of SGT. ROBERT H. DEV• EREAUX, former South High football captain and Golden Gloves champion, in the battle of the Lost Company" in the New Guinea. jw1gle, is made by George Weller in bis dis-patches describing this action, Sgt. Devereaux is the son of Mr. and Mrs. F. L. Devereaux of 340 Grant-st., S. \V., and formerly was employed in the composing room of The Press. Soputa behind the allied lines on Nov. 29 and went straight out on the riskier ventures the next day. Company K, which was a reconnoitering company, started forth a week earlier, on Nov. 23, in an attempt to establish an advanced command post deep in the jungle on the left side of the Jap-held road between Soputa and Sananan- da. Led by Lieut. Wilbur C. Lytle of San Antonio, Tex., they set forth through mud varying from ankle to waist depth. Often they tripped on giant roots buried under the mud and fell. I Behind Jap Lines. But finally they discovered a place so far behind Jap lines that it was parallel with Jap artillery positions about a mile distance in a straight line across the jungle, but three hours' floundering for a packless man from the road. In bypassing the Jap lines in a broad sweep curve westward Company K underwent only desultory sniper fire. But that was enough to show that the Japs knew, some~hing Was coming. On Nov. 13 Company I, commanded by Bond, leaving a third of the company and K protecting the thin ridge of earthern rampart a.round the new command post, started out on the main venture to cut the road, accompanied by a force equipped with 50-calibPr machine guns. "Follow the sun," were the orders. The only maps available in this area were inaccurate but it v.,:as certain that by heading eastward they would break across the road somewhere. From 7 :30 to 1 :30 they crept forward through the swamp. The snipers had fallen off. There was a deadly lull. In Jap Ambush. HWe followed our point." Point is the infantryman's term for three or four leading members of a jungle patrol. 'l';hen they reached a dry patch of kunai grass. In the , middle was a huge fallen log 5 feet thick. When the point, creeping low, rounded the end of this log terrific fire suddenly opened up from all around. There was a Jap machine gun on the left and snipers were in the tree. There was 2-inch mortar fire-not that of a / Charley McCarthy mortar, which _!"' (Continued on page 19.) Pacific Ocean WAKE ·-:. Tll\lETABLE OF ALLIED CAMPAIGN-The boxes in this map indicate dates of important allied conquests in the New Guinea ca~ .. paign, topped by the announcement of the invasion of Hol~and1a aml AitapP, Japanf:"se Uags locate areas where Japs remam. I HOLLAl~IA'S POSITION IN PACIFIC--The concentric arcs centered on Hollandia', New. Guinea, and drawn to (lenote distances of 1 000 and 2,000 statute miles show its position. American troops are , driving toward the thrPe ~apanese airfields in the area. " / / �Ma-rincs tineeJ in prayer for 1heir fallen comrades at memorial serYice in a Bougaim·ille ceme• tery in the South Paciiic Solomon Islands. �Western Michigan',s Glorio_us -"Lost Company" Rain, Lightning and Strand of Wire Help Save One Encircled Group; West State Soldiers Launch New 'Attack on Japs in Banana Grove; Deeds of Valor Told ~ -- Dear Mc: Imagine Frank Russell's surprise-and his ,vife'i-, also! Recently, the:,,· entertained a soldier at their· home-one of the Big Rapids bo:vs of the former National Guard Co. ~ (Louis T. Simp1 ~on told me 1:1bout H. Louis runs a drugstor,e on Apple avenue. Frank relieves whf'n LouiJ; is off duly. One night Frank was late--apolo• gized to Louis. They had a soldier guest at their home, 1750 Pine street, near Larch a\·enue). "VVould you like to tell us about your life in the army. or shaJJ we _;ust talk about ou friend.,; and relati\"es in Big Rapids?'' Mr. Rus• sel I nsked. Tl1ey had clisco\·erecl they had mutual : friends in Big Rapids, •'Oh, let's 1alk about our friends in Big RapM ids." the soldier said. So they dict and had a fine time recalling folks they both knew- "It's a small world"I conversation- you know llow that would be. ''Let's have a bite to eat,'' Frank said. Shall we eat in the dining room or the kitchen-sort of apologizing because he and his . \\·ife frequently eat in the kitchen rather tlrn.n dining room. "Let's just ::i:it in the kitclwn,'' Mid the soldier. It \\·a!. fully· two ,,·eeks la1& that the R1.1ssells read in The Chronicle of a Saturda\ Evening Po~L aTticlc. The article told of tll'e hra\"el'y and rlaring of a ;,·oung lieutenan1 from Co. E. Big Rapids, in leading his men, many of them just Western Michigan farm and small town boys, O\"er the jungle trail:; of the Owen Stanley mountajns in New Gut--nea - one of 1he epics of the present war. His name? Yes, it \Yas Lt. Paul T. Lutjen.-:. 25 vean. old, who ate in their kitchen. and talked 8.bout mutual friends in Big Rapids. but never e\·en · a word about his braver~• in New Guinea, nO\\ known to millions of Americans. 1 I Grand Rapids, recently reported wounded ffl New Guinea, was one of the leaders of a. relief attack which sought to open the way to the "Lost Company" on Sanananda road mentioned in today's installment. of Ionia was one of the "first to volunteer0 for patrol raids into enemy territory and gained rapid advancement as a result of his exploits. according to today's account of the experiences of the "Lost Company." Grand Rapids, is described in to... day's instalhnent of the "Lost Company'" story, as one of the leaders of counter attacks to relieve the unit from it's precarious position in a Sananand& road jungle pocket. men volunteering to rescue wounded comrades, PVT. ORIN SUTTON of Charlevoix. en ... gaged in a successful hand-tohand encounter with two Japs, yesterday's story said. IHuggins lated roadblocJ.-: company and Dalponte, under ant of exactly where the Huggins~ machine gun leader, led in fighting by creat- Dalponte force was in the jungle, the Japs trying to attack down ing a secondary line of communica• hit the road behind the Jap lines the road. ___ tions around the Jap lines on the too near ours and itself became A midway roadblock by Zeeff's force meant that the·,Japs ', early CHAPTER vm. right-hand side, bogged down in cut off. With Advanced American Troops the swamp because two and a half In an effort to pry the force loose December had their oqly line of motor transport from fhe beachat Sanananda- (Delayed) -The platoons under Maj. Bert Zeeff. from the Jap circl~ of fire. Lieut. American effort to relieve the iso• of Grand Rapids, who . were ignor• Herbert Crouch of Saluda, S. head to theirfront line cut in two places by American roadblocks. ·The Japs attacked the Zeeff force viciously. Zeeff, to whom this correspondent talked, immediately on emerging from the jungle had asked by phone for reinforcements but they were unavailable. (By George Weller.) (Special Uadlo to the Chicago Daily Nnn1 (Copyright, 1:fa~i~ic~-:ov~~·11y New11, Inc.) I TIN HATS c., By Stanton In the words of Pvt. Eddie Eben of Richmond, Tex.: "We simply dug in with everything we had. We hacked into the muf' with messkits, spoons and baya . ets, as well ac: short shovels and a' .es. and got 6 int:hes of earth around us -enough to protect us from Jap machine-gun fire sweeping the road." Finally rain came which, although it made the swamp de,.eper, made escape possible because of. the noise in the leaves. Zeeft led 1 the men out in utter ciarkness lighted only by the storm's flashes. The fact that the Japs did not cut the phone line made it possible for Zeeff to trace the wire through his fingers after days of isola._ion. Another attack on Ja lines from Blarney's banana grove started at 7:45 on Dec. 5 with Capt. Mitchell Haan of Grand Rapids in the lead and Lieut. Crouch handling the machinegun fire. It was preceded by a creeping barrage of artillery fire. Ten mortar shelis hit one Jap dugout occupi-ed by fiieven,..;. -ground niper-s.. Three came out alive. · Ordeal of Sun and Gunfire. The Americans advanced 50 yards with some losses, but at 75 yards were halted by machine gun tire and snipers. James Kelly of Walla Walla, Wash., described his experience. "Another fellow and 1 were ly• ing 20 yards from a Jap piHbox," he said. 1'We got about eight Japs between us before being pinned down. We lay in the sun, not moving, for 3½ hours. The kunai grass was short and we knew the Japs were watching. I suggested we run. He sAid, 'You go first.' I agreed but said he should wait 15 minutes, then run, not crawl. I ran but he fried to crawl and they got him through the spine.'' Talk Over Plans With Men. ln these attacks the Americans under Lieut. William J. Johnson, I a young Grand Rapids lawyer, fol• lowed the practice established by Maj. Boerem and Maj. Baetcke of talking over attacks with the men beforehand. The chances of success or failure were weighed, suggestions invited and tbe main purpose of relieving the isolated Huggins-Dalponte force kept always in view. Here in the embattled banan,a grove sergeants were the mainstay, as in the "lost company" itself. Oliver McLaughlin of Carl• ton, Mich., stood extra hours of sentry duty in the jungle when malaria and dysentery had thinned the men. Pvt. Lawrence Marion of Ionia, I I Mich., leaped quickly to the rank l2L_ser.2eant w.he it W.R..111.! found h,a, I I I . .. PAE �lT7 estern Michigan's Glorious "Lost Company" Ho1t· T'hree Grand Rapids Sergeant "Musketeers" Kept Spirits Up; Besieged .l'tlen Heroically Warn \- i~-t) Own Supply Trains, but Pack Carriers Fight Way Through Swamps (By George Weller.) (Sp,elal Radio fu the Chicago Dally New1 l<"or<'h:n Sf'n·lce.) Cop)ri&"ht, 19.f:J, Chlrago Ually New&. lbC,) CHAPTER IX. With Advanced American Troops at Sanananda - II I (Delayed> - The sector called "Huggins" had been held together, meanwhile, during I Capt. M. M. Huggins' tenure as commander, by what he called the "three finest serg-eants in this or any man's army." When this correspondent talked with Capt. Hu~gins, a[ter he had emerged, he said that Sgt. Russell Young, Sgt. Alfred Wentzloff and Sgt. J. Co1lins, presumably Gerald (Jerry) Collins. all of Grand Rapids, were true heroes who held. tht:- garrison together-Young by fighung his way through Jap ambushes tor stretcher and food par1ies; \Ventzloff by his adroitness m handling those suffering trom tever and Collins by crawling under :tire from one slit trench to the- next whispering words of encouragement to the wounded and fevered men. . Veterans of Guard. A trio of Grand Rapids sergeants provided a "three musketeer" angle to the drama or the "Lost Com(Sgt. Young, 24, is the son of Mr. and Mrs Roy E. Young, 108 Sum- \ pany" in New Guine& as recorded in today's installment by Correspondent George \Veller. STAFF SGT. mer-av., N. W., a graduate of RUSSELL E. YOUNG, left, 108 Summer-a\·., N. \V.; SGT. GERALD (JERRY) COLLINS, center, forUnion High. SC'hool in 1937 and a merly of 236 Henry-av., S. E., believed to be the Sgt. J. Collins named in the dbpatch, and SGT. ALFRED former rPsidcnt of Muskegon, \VENTZLOF'F, UZO Third-st., N. \V., received commendation from their commanding officer for their where ne 11act spent most of his life work in holding together the isolated unit cut off in the jungle and in keeping up the spirits of the men before coming to Grar.u Rapids in .1934. fie is a native of Indiana. until relief arrivrd. Other pictures of nwn mentioqed in this serif'!'; are on page 2. He enlisted in the Michigan National Guard just before it was mcrly o( 236 Henry-av., S. E., and unit, is a son of Mr. and Mrs. Emil man, who had nlwoys wanted to <'a11ed to federal service in Oc- a nephew of Mayor John A. Co'lins W. Wentzloff, 1120 Third-st., be a minister some day and who to JCr, 1940. Bt"fore his enlistment of East Grand Rapids. Hs. was an N.W.l prayed over each man as he he operat('d a sheet metal shop ROTC sergeant at Central High Huggins' early period was sus- sprinkled sulfanilamidf> powder, , on Bridge-gt., N. \V, Sgt. "Jerry" school when called into federal tained, too, by the work of the "Cort's powdt:r," into the men's service with the guard in 1940. Sgt. ~:t:ofitM~~tp1~~: Wentzloff aLc;o a veteran of the ''praying palcher," Ezra Davis of woun,ds and _gayc them ~ulps of Williamsport, Pa., medical aide• ,chlorinated water from hls tlask to carry down the quinine and sulfa tablets. I I I _______:~g<!~~all:!!;~~:1!~~ t:t - ~-:--::::.-::---- ----=::::::=:::~_.J West-e~n Michig. an's Gloiiou_s "Lost Company" . L t After Two lsolate·d PostsAre Joined by Fierce Attack• Red Arrows Can't elief Arrwes at as . • k Th I ' Believe It When Aussies ,rea roug i to Take Over peclal (By George Weller.) Jtadi.;0::1,t!e~~)I~~~: DallJ' New• opyrll{ht, 19-1.3, Chicago Dall)' NeWI, lnc) CHAPTERX, With Advanced American Tro;~: t Sanananda - (Delayed> . ad-block force behind the Jap ~es, under Capt. P~ter Dal Pon\~ of Three Rivers, Mich., i::n,~de e J forts to meet Lieut. ~V1lham . Johnson's force by sending out ?atrols but the jungle was gettmg dangerous day by . day. Neither the Japs nor Am_ericans were certain of their location. that was certain was how strips of the two forces lay across the road. VIII (It was related in Chaple~ that a contingent under MaJ: Be~~ Zeeff of Grand Rapids, seeking " contact the "Lost Compan~, ached Sanananda road at a d1f~:rent point and itself was cut off, thus creating two isol_ated pockets. A third unit under Lieut. ?ohnson (Grand Rapids) meanv,rhtle was attempting to relieve both road- mo;~ t;! blX~kt~e south were the Am~rican lines next came opposing Among the west l\Iichigan and R~pids men who proved their courage in the battle of the "Lost Company" on Sanananda r,w Guinea, according to George \\'eller's account today were PVT Japs, next'came Zceff's r':,"~-b~~~~ DAVID MATCHETT ot Clx, _left; SGT. RAYL. EVANS ot Grand Rapids, center, :nd MASTE~ next cam~ ~;~~ ::~~~ ~oad-block SGT. ABEL FOTTS, Grand, right, who appare~t1y is the "Sgt. John Potts" referrecl to in the th~ 1J~~n;5ihe solid force of hun- story. l\latchett was one of 1 e~caped unsca~hcd ma party of ammunition carriers who ran the Jap ~~eds of Japs stretching ~o Sananlines; Sgt. Evans was lead~het patrol ~vh1ch plastered Ja1> positions with grenades, aml Sgt. anda beachhead three m1l~s aw;:· Potts was leader of an un.l patrol wh1c~ sought to make contact with the main American force After numerous harassing ~ •m the "Huggms-D:il Ponte" 11 ocket. \ ttacks Dal Ponte sent out a patro ~n Dec. 20 to atte~_Pt to re~~~t~h: out of eight and returned 1lawa Hills High school, he was ThrC'e days Inter, determined Johnson force_ str!vmg ~o c O n the '\finding Johnson's force. .e. mployed as a surgeon's attc.ndant that the road-block should somenew c?mmunicauons lme (The Sgt. Potts me~tionem.t Butterw~rth hospital before be-- how be relieved before Christmas right side of the roa d . d d' atch quite likely 1s Masmg called into federal service in Johnson discussed with his me~ Local l\lan Lea er. nd ~~~l Potts, 29, son of Jo?ctober, 1940. His brother John, th~ possibility of staking every, Sgt. John ( ?) Potts of ~ra Potts, G41 Neland-av., S .• 7, \vho ~as been in the army 10 thmg on a final thrust. .Rapids (the name appatcntl~ h s been with his Red Arrmonths, is a member of a tank Johnson, who is modest to the should.be Sgt. Abel Potts) who_ led ant 10 years. A graduatdh·ision station . California.) I , the patrol, lost two men l< llle me Durln~a•~:ig;~..8·:::i::· they were sustained, too, by the efforts ot officers like Lieut. Henry Gibbs of Greensboro, N. C., who, marooned behind the Jap lines at the half way battalion post, tried to keep the food and ammo trains always ready to start whenever the swamp fell below armpit level. Some time in both the nine-day Huggins and founeen~day Peter Dalponte periods, supply trains known to be threatened with am~ bush were halted by the needy besieged themselves. At least once the train led by Walter B. Ellis of Houston, Tex., was stopped midway by Telephone Man Joseph Kramarz of Grand Rapids-one of those who proved their courage dozens ot times-who tapped In and told Ellis: .. Don't come in today. We've just had a counter attack from the Japs. It's too tough for you to make." {Kramarz, son of Mr. nnd Mrs. John Kramarz, 823 Crescent-st., N. E., was reported last week as killed in action.) Sometimes altercations would ! develop when pack carriers wanted to fight their way through anyway, knowing how desperately they were needed. Lieut. HaPy Richardson of Washington, D. C., fought one party through, a grenade in each hand. When Dalponte was lead- I ing the ration parties he tried three times to get one party through. Maj. Bert Zeeff of Grand Rapids had told him: "You're in cornmand-do what you like." Dalponte replied: ''I'll try once more." This time Lieut. John Filarski ot Coldwater clrc\!'d the Japs, tossed a grenade qnd frightened away the "wood ohopper4" The party i:ot through. �Western Michigan's Glorious "Lost Company" -------=-----. -i3·1'--3 Chief Salutes &, ow •Supplies Got Through to Sick and Weary Men in Papuan Jungles Recounted by Special Correspondent; Grand Rapids and West State Soldiers Outfight and Outtrick Japs in _ 1_ '-f Hand-to-Hand Encounters Along Sanananda Road 3 George Weller.) Radio to the Chicago Dally New! Foreign Service.) rla-ht, 1943, Chicago Daily News, Inc.) CHAPTER VI. troops t Sanananda-(Delayed)-For six days, from Dec. 9 to 15, the "lost company" was literally lost in its roadblock 1,800 yards behind the Japanese lines. Dysentery, malaria and ringworm infected some of the men in the water-filled fox- two Jap lines of fire, plugging i along behind him. The dirty, hungry worn-out men dragged themselves up from foxholes and met the newcomers with hope in their eyes. The "guys back there" had, after all, kept faith and had not abandoned them. There was quinine to batter down their fever, belts of. gleaming cartridges for their guns, more cans of beef and beans, more bars of chocolate and more crackers. And best of all there was Dal Ponte, who knew the jungle who had shot their way through something incredibly vtgnder:f=ul in the sacks on the back of the men drenched to the waist. There was canned heat. holes and the number of cases in• creased before it was possible to evacuate them. The food ran lower and lower. Discouragement too, made inroads in the weakening men under Capt. Dal Ponte of Three Rivers, Mich., a tan, thin, resilient young com~ mander. In order to keep the garrison well deployed throughout the 350-yard stretch of snipersurrounded road, it was ordered that no more than two or three men should gather together. trails better than anyone else, assured his men that even though the phone was cut food would come through. It was impossible to drop supplies or orders from aircraft because the Japs ahead and behind dominated the air with their 50-caliber machine-guns. Then came the afterrioon of the Dec. 15 when Lieut. Zena R. Carter of Chicago and St. Petersburg, Fla., broke through the jungle from the left with a long line of green-clad perspiring men, Al I Aboard for Nassau Bay I For 15 days, unable to light fires -------,---~ to heat water, they had 1ain in the coffin-shaped water-filled foxholes under the whispering bullets of Jap machine guns and thE;: loudsmacking bullets of snipers'. Not once had a warm drink brought life to their chilled bodies. Now there was heat-heat that was safe, heat without smoke. At their first drink of tea, for which the men tottered from their holes, life began to come back into them. Their deeply-lined, bearded, mudmarked faces relaxed as the first warmth in 14 days made itself felt deep within them. CHAPTER VII. From -:..he time the roadblock behind the Jap lines was conceive;d, it was planned to have not only a line of communications around the left, but also to the right of the road where Jap fortifications were stiffest. The Buna front on the east had drained most of the manpower necessary for double-pincer operations both left and right. So, while "Huggins" was · estab1ished on Dec. 1, more than three weeks of fighting under Maj. Bert Zeeff were required before the Jap line of dugouts could be pierced. In the first encircling movem•ent the force under Capt. Bevin D. Lee of Albany, Ga., Lieut. Bernard S. Howes of Oklahoma and Lieut. \.Villiam J. Johnson of Grand Rauids started forward. The attaCk was to be launched from a banana packs, Australian soldiers embark under the palms for Nassau Bay, New Guinea. Amer- barges carry them and supplies to the front where Allies are closing in on Salamaua. plantation held nto.,J 1 Seven Questions of the World by Capt. John Blarney, nephew of the allied ground force commander. Blarney's force had captured a Jap supply dump. The Japs were d'ug in across the stream bisecting th I plantation and~sa.,n.,:..--~-· · Four-s.tat ; Gen.l Dwight Eisen; bower? weatirig the Grand Cross of the French Legion of Honor, comes to a salUte in Algiers with the stars and st!ipes in the background. ~ Use Jap .r-Tactics. The Americans had machine gun and mortar support commanded by Lieut. Harold C. Gibson of Greenville, N. C., Lieut. Osborn Voss of Holland, Mich., Lieut. John Wax of Baton Rouge, and Lieut. Herbert Crouch of Saluda, S. C. In the first fight this force am• bushed from a kunai grass patch a mar?hing column of 30 Japs, by moonhght. The grass was seven feet high and the American use of Jap tactics caught the Nippon- 1 ese by surprise. In this fight were: Sgt. William Helenius of Grand Rapids, squad leader in Johnson's iorward- platoon and Sgt. Robert R. McGee of Grand Rapids who shot one Jap, grabbed the man's rifle, freed the bayonet and stabbed another, then broke the rifle around a tree. The Japs counterRattacked against the column commanded by Voss, which was hidden behind a log. Their light machinegun fire was high but when they used fire~ crackers to draw fire, the trick was partly successful. Shout Defiance. "We were new in the jungle and not as smart as we became later," says 31-year~old Lieut. Johnson who is a lawyer and graduate of Princeton and the University of Michigan. r - - -- - - "~ - - - - - - - , Howes, "wild man from Okla- can of meat and beans, four crac homa," stood up on the road in ers and one chocolate bar dai the moonlight and shouted, "You Then the Aussies captured thr Japs throw firecrackers and us tons of Jap rice with canned c Yanks will throw lead." bage and onions lifting the r The Jap counter-attack had an tions crisis. eerie quality. The Japs came Praise From Aussies. across the road in four waves of The Americans attacked acr four men each. They were crouched over and wore wound the creek, Johnson and Howes leggings and helmets and kept the right. They captured two 1 chine guns from the men they h saying, "good da:y, good day." The attacks were held off prin- killed. Sixty Australian vetera cipally by Corp. Thomas Thomp- who .had fought overseas and b son of W-est Frankfort, Ill., Jesse tled the Japs through Wair Sommers (residence unavailable), Templeton's Crossing, Oivi Casey Vanor of Grand Rapids and Popendetta, said: ''That was Harry Vincent, former Phila- d-d strong attack." Wayne Lowing of Jenison, Mi delphian, now of Indianapolis. Every Jap was killed or wounded. was the spearhead of the Ameri The counter-attack broke before assault. Eddie Eben of Richmo the Japs could send over their Tex., who carried out the atta main force. Their fire ceased and told your correspondent: "One Jap got himself puzzled the Americans proceeded. This force under Zeeff, however, and came for me all alone y bayonet fixed and carryinr was cut off later on the road. rifle at high port and I shol Charlevoix l\Ian Hero. Afterwards, we could hear After passing thro,ugh Blarney's Ja.Ps calling. and trying to position the Americans attacked him." again at 2 o'clock the next afterIn this attack Capt, Blame) noon with Howes and Johnson hit- killed. Howes made the ~f:~ ting the side of the plantation still tack, cleaning out the Ja!lt. held by the Japs. With his tommy After first repelling, "lit, gun Warren Sutton of Charlevoix, attack by the Japs, "e t i Mich., killed three J aps and took along the road fou1?QJ'1Jf a machine gun nest single handed. under heavy fire by nig ..., The creek ran thro1Jgh Blarney's five days' isolation-th banana plantation, the Japs hold- right hand side of the ing the western and the Americans the left-the America, and Aussies the eastern side. The peatcdly under snipe force, after the Yanks arrived, con- phone wire back to sisted of 60 Aussies and 150 never cut. !Americans. In an attack led Rations at "Blarney'.-:,'' were one Sgt. McGee on .Ja in a dugout up " Teller, a San er, and C?ro. I Pacific Ocean WAKE HAWAII ~ t/NEW ZEALAND -These are seven of the many questions the world ponders as the war approaches the beginning of its fourth year. _ 1 �Grand Rapids Soldiers Are: tint w4'llt out only with the columns of "trains" which carried food and "ammo" up and wounded and fevered back. But the trains could not be held up while Nye searched for breaks and besides the. ' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ wire was sometimes cut as quickly 1 as three-quarters of an hour after (Continued from Page 1.l has a saddle so that a Jap Infantry- half-dived, half-floundered In upon being spliced. At one time Capt. the enemy. P~ter Dalponte of Three Rivers, man can place it upon his knee The trenches were cleared. Mich., ordered him to remain withlike a ventrlloqulst's dummy-but Within a few minutes the Amert- in the perimeter two days, Jap fire cans burst from the swamp onto being especlaUy heavy. heavy mortars. The road party was completely What happened was that the the road. They had no choice and could not cut off during this time and Nye Americans had crossed the Jap dare to push either forward or got restless and asked for two trail through which their front back toward a better location. tom.my ganners and went out himlines were supplied whenever the They had {o take from the jungle self, leading with a tommy gun road was under Australian artil-- grabbag that strip of road where Fingering the wire backward along had happened to blunder first. the trail, he reached the famous 1 lery fire. It was an ambush. The they Today, standing where the first log where e"Very train aJways un367 men In the party were com• mud-bllnded tommy gunners fol- derwent Jap fire at the crossing of manded by Bond, also by Capt. lowed by the sweating carriers the Jap and American trails. John Shirley of Grand Rapids, with the wounded on litters be- "I looked at the log and noticed hind, saw a 10-foot strip of wide, something that seemed funny. Capt. Roger Keast of Lansing, muddy road amid the hostile jun- There was a bush growing there. Mich., one-time star footballer of gle, the writer cquld appreciate I had crawled by the other end Michigan State; Lieut. Walter Ellis how lucky they had been. Al- often and never remembered seeof Houston, Tex.; Lieut. Herschel though frequently flooded, the Ing the bush. I signaled the other road here was flanked by jungle guys to keep quiet, I watched. G. Horton of Aurora, Ill.; Capt. with some sand mixed with the Pretty soon the bush moved a litPeter Dalponte of Three Rivers, It was, therefore, possible to tie. I saw a Jap's legs and arms Mich., and Lieut. Herman Davis of mud. make some holes for shelter im- behind. The bush was tied around Sandy Creek, Mich. mediately. It was possible to cut his waist and he had more bush on Calla for Volanteen. shallow trenches and place ma- his helmet, Sgt. John Mikita of Grand Rap• chine guns in them as well as •'Bush" Runa Away. Ids, leading the point platoon, heavier guns-pointing both ways. "I was pretty far off but I took asked for volunteers to get the Find American-Made Trucks, aim and squeezed out a short burst. machine gun whose fire was sweep• The Japa apparently knew they That bush got up from the end of Ing the field. Sgt. George L. May had been outmaneuvered. Where the log and ran intd the jungle." of Six Lakes, Mich., responded, the Americans hit the road there The Japs had a phone line on the taking 10 men with two automatic had been a small supply dump and other side of the road, but once rifles and one tommy gun between repair shops for rear lines. The Nye also found an experimental them. Edwin Cox of Las Cruces, road was deserted. wire made from American splic• N. M., who was among the surWhat they began to call "our 5 lngs, which he gleefully reD?!red vivors of this attack, says: o'clock rush" had yielded them unworkable. He failed to splice our "May told us to load up "1th some modest prizes. There we.e wire on only four days. grenades and we started out on two American•manufactured !:!lg The Americans' first declalon our bellies through the grass. Ma• supply trucks fitted with motor after finding they were isolated by chine-gun fire was everywhere just maJntenance equipment, lathes phone cuts was to decide to at• above our heads. Finally, we got dies and extra clutch disks. Ther~ tack. In a council between Capt. within 30 yards of where the Japs were two a11acka filled with -tor Roger Kerst of Lansing, Mich., w,-re. Then May ralled up tll aupplles, And belt of all, there and Capt. John D. Shirley of throw his grenade and the others were several tin cracker boxes and Grand Rapids, it was determined threw theirs. After that the fire bags of fresh onions-an unbellev- that a response must be made to stopped." able treasure in can-fed Papua. the Japs who for three days had During the terrible days that This find-symbolic of the dif- been throwing two-inch high exwere to follow, fights like the !erence between being supplied plosive mortars into the position above were to occur many times at food by sea, as the Japs were, and where the Americans lay in their this point. The Japs stubbornly by transport plane and parachute waterfllled foxholes. held this bottleneck on the Amer- a~ the Americans were-delighted There was a Japanese encamp• ican line of communications. It Lieut. John J. Filarskl of Cold- ment southeast of the road-block, came to be known simply as 0 the water, Mich, Filarskl's cheeks have that Is back toward where the log." Where '.he Japs would lay not yet filled out completely from American and Jap front lines were ambushes for food and ammuni- his sojourn as supply officer of the already Interlocked. Keast led an tion columns was never certain. "lost company." attack, started as a patrol which But It was always certain that The officers, after a council, turned Into another bayonet as• when the Americans passed the log marked out as dusk fell an area sault such as had gained the AmerthPv woulrf hP flr,.t1 nnnn r.mnlng 350 yards along the road leans the road before. and extending 125 yards into the "We knew the Japs were on the jungle as the "perimeter.. road both south and north of us The word perimeter, ·which ls and figured that o~ best C!hance standard now in jungle fighting I w~s to strike ~hose to the south," means any area where you can dig said one survivor ot this attack an encircling line of foxholes with afterward. the command post inside and !"ai!'tain fire directed outward. It is sunply the jungle equivalent of the pioneers' wagon train circle to repel Indians. Outmaneuver laps in Jungle In.Epic of Sanananda Road I I Foolhardy Men Lost. "As we 1ost men it was neces sary to fill up our columns with new ones," said one officer. uey experience we came to know that it was necessary to crawl the full length of the log, go around the ena. then double back. Jap fire went straight along the log's top. But always there would be some wise guy who would hear voices of the men in the point on the other side and decide to take a short cut crawUng over. Almost Invariably they got him." Why, it may be asked, durln~ the weeks that the "lost company was to be supplied along this slender swamp path, was nothing ever "°'I.!. ta e!Bll,lu!te !!W JfD.»ll]boX here permanently? The reason was that because the Americans wer:! looping around the Jap lines, while the Japs still sup• plied their front lines, It was In• evitable that Jap and American paths should Intersect somewhere. The famous log furnished protec• Uon against machine guns, whereas any new crossroads might have proved even hotter. CHAPTER u. Life In a Perimeter. What life is like within such a perimeter, always exposed to ene• my sniper fire from the outside, may be imagined from the fact that on the edge of the "lost company's" perimeter seven tree snip.en were killed, nol only after the - . - . - ~le!K'ffl t,y-HeY!n troops but after the Australians had taken Sanananda and joined the Americans cutting off the Jap1. from the sea, When they dug Into their foxholes with their short shovels, the Americans were under the lmpresslon that they were located some 600 yards beyond our own lines. Actually, as readable aerial photos taken many days later by AustralIan Wirraway pilots were to reveal, 8 ~~l~r:! ·J:~ Deep within the Jap lines the ~~re~~~ ~u~~! American column, having estab- front lines. llshed a supply dump and advanced d h II battalion headquarters In the Jun- Ahead, it was two an one- a J miles along the road to the Jap gle and shot their way to th e ap- beachhead. They were so far Inheld patch leadll\fl to the Jap front side the enemy that his single ltnes, continued eastward following precious three-inch anti-aircraft the sun, seeking the narrow trans- gun could be heard belching be· jungle road where they were de• t~rmlned to cut the Japs' main line tween them and where the oppo.!• of motorized .supply from the San- Ing front lines spanned the road. ananda beachhead. CHAPTER m. They were still uncertain how The "lost company," which broke far along the road they would the Jap motor supply road strike because maps of this swamp from Sanananda beachhead and were nonexistent. But they knew entrenched itself behind the Jap that by pressing east they must lines, almost immediately cut strike the Japs' road somewhere. oft from Maj. Bernd Baetcke of \ After a clash at the intersection Detroit, the commanding officer. of the Jap supply trail, the Japs The thin phone line running evidently phoned back word that a though quagmire and giant fem large American party was fighting kunail grass, clearing, and more its way to the road. quagmire, was immediately' sevWhen the Americans, mudded to ered by the Japs. The road-block the hips, laden with sacks of am• had been placed at such a distance munition and food, and sweating from our lines that walkie-talkie streams in the humid, breathless radios were unworkable. shadows of the swamp, rea('hed 8 This meant that the force could point afterward determined as 200 communicate only by runner. It yards from the road, suddenly Ill!'· required one whole day for a runchine-guns bit the open, green- ner to get back to the front lines hung quagmire ahead. and the next to return with excelAs they flattened, Jap snipers lent prospects of being ambushed In the trees opened fire. It was the by the several Jap strong points regular Jap sequence of pinning near our transjungle line of comdown with machine.gun fire, then munications. So it was necessary picking off with snipers. The party to try to repair the phone lines stopped and took over as well as dally and get messages across be· possible behind the giant-roofed fore the Japs severed them again mangroves while bullets hissed as they did once and sometimes among them. twice dally. Pan. Gets "Hot.N Two-Man Repair Crew. The Amedtan officers discussed The two phone men for the "Lost plans. The sun was getting low company" who attempted to keep and soon darkness would overtake the line working back to the ad• them. The party thus Isolated deep vanced battalion command post eswithin the Jap lines, would be easy tabllshed In the jungle were: Marprey for raiding snipers. Ignorant cellus Mye of Saginaw, Mich., and of their own whereabouts, they Herman Dollinger of Grand Rapwere uncertain whether they could Ids. Nye, a short, stock 28-year-old find the roal before darkness. former cab man, used to work for They decided to send out patrols. a phone company but gave up the The patrols paddled through the work because he preferred hackencircling muck a while without Ing. Nye says: drawing Jap fire. The order came "Mostly we worked In water to "Column proceed." They had gone our knees. Only one day machine• hardly 75 yards through the swamp gun-fire caused a break. The other when the machine-guns challenged times It was always Jap clippers. them again. They felt they were It was easy to splice In the Kunai getting near the road. The fire was because the bulJets went over your stft~as · Capt. John Shirley of head. Sometimes they tried cute tricks. They would nearly always Grand Rapids, Mich., who decided remove the wire, say about 50 or the Issue. "Let's go get those' so 100 feet, Increasing each time and 11 and so's," he said. Flx your bay• trying to get more than I could onets and let's cut the guts out carry a., replacement. of them." "It was their idea to make me go Loeal Man Leads Charge. back for wire and Jose another day. Shirley led the charge, It was They were always thinking up new not a charge, such as history books fast ones. Once they cut out the describe, at full run. It was hall longest piece yet. The gap was wading, half swimming with fire fully 120 yards. But they left flickering all around. The knee• piece there, as though accidentally deep mud made the charge at once all coiled up. When I began work gallant and clumsy. Roots hidden Ing to join the ends across th deep In the mud threw the men on swamp I got pretty well along their faces; they struggled up and fore I dlacovered that they had,. went on. Flnally, Shirley and some ott juat enoush so that the e of the men reached the :laaed lln• would not quite meet. • of the ;i'IPI ACCOZlllpg to the ordera ot .!.:!'Jie:.!P.~ -~~ ~~ N: �MUSKEGON CHRONICLE, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 1943 .1¢ Blood, Sweat and Tears, ~ ~ ~~~••~a T~~L~~"~,!~, ~~~.~iiI Dear Ma: out a rlPccnt burial. , Their l)lood and sweal and the "Chaplains arc ver;,., busy men. 1 tears of the folks back h~me. c.on- I've seen chapl~ins come up \\·.ith : qucrcd the Japs in New· Guinea. an armful of little crosses which ~others of the \'aliant soJchers they hafl made and work, under o(- the 126th Infantry1 32nd Divi- fir<' if nec~ssary, until. every man· sion now can learn first hand who had died was buried. •wha1: those men ,,·ent through to 'It is one of the duties of a com1gain their coslly Yictory. pany commander to see that _ever_y · ,Captain Russell Broner, com- man who deserves a decoration 1s 1 mender o( Company B,. himself rec.·o_m mended fop H. Well.. I't'"c;, pays a tribute to those men. His seen so !nany acts of ~xc~pti~nal brother, Sgt. Willard Ivan Broner, brav_ery _it has heen a big .1ob .Just gave his life, and his other brother, sending m U10~e -recommendations. Staff Sgt. James Broner, ,vas· I h~\'C lost 22 __men so far, and t wounded thats no1 countrng the wounded. ! "The J aps are Lough and obMrs. Ch_ester Broner,_ Wh,tehal_l Etinate fighters and had plenty road: Fruitland to,~nsh1p, mother, goor! equipment here. rece 1v:c1 the revealing letter from "I believe thP long hard march • C~plam ~r_oner that not only told through t Ile jungle was one feat al th~ kill~ng of one brol h er but , ,vhich will go down in military the \\Dtmdmg of th e 0th er. history as one of the' grOOtest ac"I bc>lieved tlrn~ other mothers complishments any army ever ,of men serving H1 New Guinea made. We went through country would be interested_ in learn_111g of that was classed as impossible by the bravery of their sons in the the Japs and Aussies-and il !service of their country," said Mrs. damned near was! Broner. ''Company .B ,\·ent over 82 miles The letter in part is as follows: of s,vampy Jungle ,vhere a white "Dear Ma. man had never been before, with"That hellish nightmare ·we have out losing a man. Other outfits been through is something that who followed us lost many from seems unreal and impossible now. fever, etc. -(\- person_ IT.lust take at We Jook around for friends who l~aS t ~5 g.rams of qmmne and two are not here and must think twice vitamm pills a day a1:ct every a.rop to realize that some of them we'll ?f u/ater must be boiled or chlornever ,see again. Of course, many m~te.d. . . \\"ill return t.o their outfits from Li~tlc sc.hatches ~rom vines will 1 the hospitals · turn mto big festering sores and a ,. , · . cut from a tincan will usually ' 1 Ive foun? out at last how Wil- 1necessitate hospitalization. lard was killed. It was on ~e''For 37 days we lived on two ~ 1 cemb.e:r 6 ,vhile light meals of cold food a day. he wa_s on a re"Picture a little handful of mer 1 connaissance th ~t _ragged, dirty and looking like ~ he was c8:ught Ill trembling ghosts. That was us in ' Jap machme gun the jungle,. ! fire. A bullet hit . . _·_ _ _ _ __ him in a vital 1 spot and he died instantly. "Jimmie w h o had been acting as a platoon leader ,vas about 200 yards away. He heard that Bill was hit but didn't know how bad so he started I I · , . I I ! I I ! I I Somewhere in New Guinea the American flag is lowered at sundown by a trio of U. S. engineers. Corporals Donald Braithwaite, New York City; Willis Agnew, Columbus, 0., and Percy Gray, Kentwood, La., are members of the Army engineer unit composed of Negro troops that have been in New Guinea more than a year. l Rest Welcome to Yanks in New Guinea , I Ca.pt. Broner ~~d t:asse~1iti: the knee by a Jap rifle bullet. "I took a hike to where Bill was buried and tool< some pictures. It's 1 a _beautiful spot near a native village with a couple of tall palm trees shading it. "The rumor had gotten around (hat I had been killed so both Bill and Jim had said they were going to get a dozen Japs for that." Do mothers want to know what to send a boy in the hospital? Captain Broner advises his mother that his brother, Jim, would appreciate candy bars, chewing gum, magazines, snapshotS, and of al I things, a Scars Roebuck catalogue! ; Here's more about that fight in the New Guinea jungle: "The worst of this particular !battle is over and now the grave registration men are busy. No I Foot we~ry and of sober mind, these members of the heroic 32nd Division sit beside a jungle trail for rest during march to Euna sector of New Guinea where their unit won 55 Distinguished Service crosses in Jap rout. The 32nd Division was originally a Wis'Consin and Michigan National Guard outfit: ~- �... pcd that within a few minutes aft&L a Catholic mass has been I concluded, the necessary changes can be made to have th, bui ing in readiness for a Protestant service. And should a Jewish I chaplain desire lo conduct a service after the Protestant service, the ch::::pel could be rearranged quickly to meet the needs by mov- l ing the altar back into a rC'cess and by opening the ark prodded for the scroll. Same Hymnal U!'led The equipment provided for • the chaplains is also indicative of the brotherhood found among them. The hymnbook for use in the c h a p e 1 s-"The HymnalArmy and Navy''-is divided into three sections, Protestant, Catholic and Jewish. and can readily be used , by each group. Within the short space of a few hours, these books arc often used for1 three different services for three different groups. Regulations require that R chaplain hold appropriate religious services for the entire command to which he is assigned. It is customary to hold two services on Sunday, one for everybody and the other when it is desired for the particular faith of the chaplain. Should a chaplain be unable to minister to men of another religious faith. he tries to ! obtain a chaplain !ram a neighboring unit or a tocal clergyman to hold services in the camps or, to arrange for transportation to churches in nearby communities. Counsel for All In his pastoral duties, the chRp-, lain serves as a friend, counselor and guide without discrimination to all members of the command to which he is assigned, regardless of creed or sect. ln his inten•icws Service chaplains share the hardships of their flocks, accom• panying the troops right into combat areas. The photo above, taken in a jungle clearing' near Bun a, New Guinea, shows American soldiers standing wi{h bowed heads as Father Stephen Dzienis administers absolution before battle. By \\'ILLIA:'.\I R. AR~OLD The student chaplains live in he oft.en finds· l1e_ is .dealing with ( Chief or Chaplains, dormitories. Assigned to rooms, a. soldier whose faith 1s o_ther th~n . . . they often find that Protestant t his own. Should the problem 111 . . 'tJmted States ~rmy . Jew, an'cl Catholic occupy the sarn~ questi~n require t1:e servi~cs ~f a V1s1t?rs to t~c Office. Chief o! quarters. This close association en- cha?lam of ~hat fa1~1:, the mqu1r~r l Cliaplams a\ times register sur- ables \he ,haplains to become bet- obviously will be ctn ee\ed to such I pnse when they learn that. ]~ere ter acquainted with one another, a chaplain. , . . members of the three r~ltg1ous and the mutua1 ex change of ideas The . wofk of the chaplam 1s groups-Protestant. Catholic, and in their dormitory discussions tends recognized as a help to the mor- 1 lJewish-work side by side, in. ~ar- to a better understanding of in- ale of the command he servea. many and unity for the rellg10us dividual viewpoints. - --program of th e Army. The cantonment chapels are That which in civilian commun- mute but potent re mind e rs of the ities_ i~ .often tholight of as an im- brotherhood to be found among poss1b1l1ty has be come an e\7 ery- the chaplains. Ha rl so meon e preday occurrence with u s. The chap- dieted a few y ears a,,.o that in 0 lains in thi s offi ce, each true to 1943 there wo~ld be more than his own religiou s convictions an.a 1000 of the se chap els, so coneach respecting the beliefs of Ins structed that tl1ey could be used fellow chaplain, give : :m excellent for Protestant, Catholi c, and Jew- I example of how chaplains through- iDh s ervices, it would have been out the armed forces promote labeled a fanciful dream. And brotherhood. yet this has come to pass. In this offipe, where the Chief These spired houses of God of Chaplains co•ordinates the work have been so planned and equipof the Corps of Chaplains com- 1- - - - - - - - - - - - - j posed of ministers, priests, and 1 rabbis, it is always kept in mind ~ that this work is in the inte.r est of all the religious groups. Problems are discusseri in that light and the answer is sought which will serve the common good of alL ti An important institution is the Chaplain School, where the majority of newly-appointed chaplains receive their first training. '. The Commandant and his instruc- GRAND RAPIDS ~ MONDAY, FRANK TODISH WRITES TO COL, HAZE ... Lefter from Australia Gives News of G. R. Men Late news of Grand Rapids and western Michigan men with the 32nd division in far-off Australia h; contained in a letter received by Col. William Haze, former commander of the 126th infantry, from Frank 0. Todish, chief warrant officer of a service company in the 32nd division. ,vriting from Australia under date of June 20, Todish said: "Here I sit with a lantern in front of me, trying to catch up on my correspondence. I sure have been through a paper war, as we call it, since we got back from New Guinea. We train here and theredifferent type, as you understand -but it sure is good rough and tough training. "We have a peach of a colonel now, a dandy lieutenant colonel, and of course a fine group of officers as always, but you wouldn't know many of them now. Rememher the group that were inducted in 1940? Let me name the ones that are left: Schntpke, Menclewski, Boet, Henry, Wildey, Navarre Woltjer, Nummer, Lutjens, John~ son, FalB.rski, Schu.lz, Kutchinski, Gil1, Garland, Saganski, Harper and myself." (Maj. Clarence Schnipke, Maj. Harry Menclewski, Maj. John Boet, Capt. Edwin Henry, Capt. Russell Wildey, Capt. Ed"*ard J.' Woltjer, Capt. Erwin Num• m~r,_ Lieut. Paul Lutjens, Lieut. Wilham J. Johnson, Chief Warrant 1 Off!cer Oscar H;utchtnski, Warrant Officer Auiol!I Gill, Warrant Officer I I I I JULY 5, 1943 ' Paul Garland, Warrant Officer Clarence Saganski, Capt. Jack Harper). NEXT OUTFIT "Howe and Medendorp (Col. Merle Howe and Capt. Alfred Medendorp) are with the outfit next to us. Just heard that Doerr (Lieut. Col. Lester C. Doerr) is at higher headquarters. So is Col. Ray E. Cotton). Too bad about Warmenhoven (Lieut. Col. Simon Warmen• hoven, who died of a gunshot wound). "I must say we have had a few colonels since induction. I can count 12 who have commanded the regiment since that day, While on leave a couple of months ago I met Apted, Lawyer, Thoman and Briggs of the old gang (Lieut. Col. Clark Apted, Capt. Charles Lawyer, Capt. Kenneth Thoman and Warrant Officer Russell Briggs). They all have nice rooms. hot water baths, good living con- I ditions. The letter also comments on :•:yt:~k:!u~~ t~mm\~ ;;gheitchh,eTatoded- 1 i:~ under the collar. There are a lot of things I would like to tell you," he. ~dds, ''but,, you know the restrictions on us. NEWS OF COMRADES Continuing with news of his comrades, To dish says: ''I forgot to mention Wild Bill Gleason Masalkowski and Sprague, (Staff Sergt . Bill Zarafonetis, Staff Sergt. Harold Gleason, Staff Sergt. John Ma.salkowski.) Bolthouse {now Second Lieut. Mynar Bolthouse) will graduate from OCS school at the end of this month. Cliff Hughes (Staff Sergt. Clifford Hughes) has left us for limited service. All the band boys are doing fine. Religious Rites in the Jungl~_,.... "I"~ Veterans' Insignia \~~~J \~~~~~:~t~!if::.1 ~ii~~ ~~~}~s~~1~ 1 mus say e o gang 1s ting smaller every month. j fever has left its mark on qui~ c::, ;~;:·a:;m\ha~:a~~ne t~a:he (Lieut. Col. Henry Geerds) had, for home, but now I understand is still here." . Commenting that "the war n I to impart instruction to large cla~~es composed of c.:haplains ,..,,110 L ~rlong to mc1.ny different religious ~ grouv_s. ____ ! ;o:~~h d~:~~~~e~or t~~r ;!~~e:l mate in Australia thus: "We going through our winter sea here without snow, of course, many nights we go to bed to k warm. No heat of any kind. I just picture the warm days of J back home. Hold it, Todish, or will get homesick! This is the new lapel button of gold-plated plastic which \dll be awarded to men and women who receive honorable discharges from the U. S. army during the present war. The design is an eagle within a circle. The wings extend beyond the edges of the circle. Divine ser\'iCe is being held in 1J1is ju~gle chapel, nea~ "How is ou: old friend Jo New Guinea. by Chaplain M~i:cus W. Johnson of Norfol" (John D. E~ghsh, custodian o! for an American infantry section stationed in that area. armory.) Fme, I hope. I recei ! _ a letter from Guy Roest (firer at the armory) the other day which he says he is still maste; the shovel and broom. I'll he di4. do a. lot of shnvelfng snow the past winter." PRAISES ZEEFF Paying ·a warm tribute to soldier1y qualities of Maj. 1 Zeeff, the writer continues: "J Harper and I were just speal ,.___________...;;,:;;..-'!?f ~eeff. He is doing fine. Tl 1s one man that did a swell jo New Guinea. Believe me, he is right type of battle leader." Commenting on events at hi To dish says: ''I see where Done and Barendse (Col. Lewis J. D van and Maj. Ben M. Baren ·w ere pushed up in the state trc I sure was glad to hear that. S about Rosecrans (Adjt. Gen. bert M. Rosecrans, former hea s~lective service in Michigan, died recently). He was a fellow. "Guy tells me that the arr is being fitted up into a bi building. I still think they sh have built when you wanted t to a few years back. "It's getting a little cool, so to bed to keep warm. With best of regards to you and Haze and remember me to gang at the armory. ODISH'-' �le.RAND llAPIDS, MICH., TUESDAY, AUGUST 10, 1943. After the Battle; the Glory-for Grand Rapids Fighters First Meeting Since New Guinea Two wounded veterans of the New Guinea campaign, both. Grand Rapids youths, held a reunion last week following JI war bond rally at the plant of the Hayes Manufacturing company. Lt., E. M. Foster, left, who is a patient at Percy Jones army hospital in Battle Creek, was chief speaker at the rally, Edward Joswick, discharged from the army for wounds in New Guinea, ls back on his old job as an electrician at the Hayes plant. DISCHARGED CORPORAL IN WAR PLANT f-lERE Wounded Buddies of Buna Meet Again at Bond Rally When, Lt. E. M. Foster of Grand Rapids, wounded south Paclfic vet' eran, ~ast week spoke at a ~ar bo nd rally m Hayes Manufac_turmg co~pany plant her~, he kindled vivid memori~s for Edwa rd Jo~wick, 1101 Third st., NW., who was m th e crowd that heard the talk. 1 1Heroic Exploits In New Guinea Gain Recognition Successfully carrying out their difficult assignments in the extremely hazardous fighting in New Guinea, two Grand Rapids soldiers have been rewarded with decoraUons which were pinned on their uniforms by Maj. Gen. William H. Gill of the 32nd division. I The local fighters are W, A. Bajdek, a technician, and Ptc. Joseph Freiburger. Bajdel( received the j distinguished service cross for swimming lwo jungle rivers a telephone and wire line on his back to establish a vital communication line. Pfc. Freiburgl;f \.\'as awarded the silver star fol' having led litter bearers around Japanese positions in t he jungle to the main trail and a J-1,ospital. with1 I ----- ~Pholos by Signal Corps, U. S. Army. For heroism in action in New Guinea two Grand Rapids soldiers 1•ecently were decorated by MAJ. GEN, WILLIA!.\{ H. GILL. Top, Gen Gill shakes hands with PFC. JOSEPH J:i..,REIBURGER, awarded silver star. Lower, he pins distinguished · service croS!'i on \Y, A. BAJDEK, technician. (Photos hy army; signal ~urps,) Joswick is also a wounded veteran o! the New Guinea campaign having served tn the same outfit'. and fought in the same battles as Lt. Foster. Quiet, reserved and llttle given to talking about his wS:r exploits Joswick stood in line to shake bands with Lt. Foster\t\t the conclusion of the latter's address, - · dealing with Jap atrocities. .. "Maybe you remember me," Joswick remarked after congratulating the lieutenant. "I was with you in New Guinea.'' "YOU BET" Lt, Foster paused an instant and ·then put his arm around Josvl'lck. "You bet I r;member you," he said, then turning to George C. Rowald, co-chairman of the payroll savings division or the Kent county I war finance committee, explaini}d that Joswick served in his bat'l3]lion and they had known each other before being inducted into the service. "This fellow can tell you better than I can about the fighting in New Guinea," Lt. Foster declared, Joswick suffer~d wounds in the back and leg caused by a n;i.ortar shell during the Buna Mission battle in which Lt. Foster became a Casualty. The shell which hit Joswick ki1led three other soldiers a·nd wounded a fifth member of his squad. NARROW ESCAPE Joswick served as a corporal in the battlea of Sanananda and Bu,na. He praised the hero1sm of bta scf.uad and said they "fought like tigers." Although unwllllng to talk about himself, Joswick did recall one nar- 1~~:Pw!i8a~ii~! l~~;ine:c:p:~g 1!~e~ gun let loose at him, making chips fly from. the top o! the log. The most heroic act he saw in New Guinea was, he said, the at~ tempt o! a doughboy to rescue a comrade wounded in the stomach. \ The soldier died in the attempt. Joswick was evacuated from Guinea in November and remsm~ in an army hospital in Austral untll April when he sailed for hom He returned recently to his old jo as an electrician for the Hayes N\_. I plant. �RAPIDS HERALD MONDAY OCTO ER 25 9 3 UOUS TRAILS art of the 126th followed the narrow and tortuous jungle trails over the Owen Stanley range and the rest were flown over the Owe~ Stanley mountains, but one bat talion then had to surmount on - -- - " - - ' - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - • -_ _ _ __:_'_ _ _ _B_ _ __:_'_1_4_ _ _ _ foot another mountain, chain 1 known as Hydrographers ran~e. OLE REGIMENT'S BRAVERY IS HISTORY; SOME ACTS STAND OUT , The Owen Stanley mountains reach a height of 13,000 feet and few white men had ever before penetrated the range's !aalnesses. Ranier, in Washington, one I ofMt. the three loftiest peaks in the • BattIe Record Of th e 126th Inf an t New G u,nea Is Packed with Heroism of Western Michigan PRESSING JAPS By the latter part ot November, ;~:: !~~ ew!~re~:e::~d wfth the 126th was over the mountains French croix de guerre with pa all d f;~:t~g th e Japs entrenched Fellowing the New Guinea c.: ab;~e first battalion of the 126th paign, ~he divis~on w~. ag~\n gt· regiment and Austr9:lian troops moved from one direction on Buna . t H t h mission a short distance from ?as called its conduc mac Euna vi11age. The second battalion in bravery and devotion to du crossed a river about 100 yards wide, running to ocean between Buna and Gona and the third battalion hemmed in the Japs from still another direction. A tiny place called Sauputa, a few miles lnland from Buna, ~e~:~tcs, is only 14,500 feet. Heroiam of the 126th regiment officer of the 32nd division. Col. earned the admiration of bis com- Willard Broner died under Jap fire New Guinea, which departed Howe risked his iife a hundred rades for his tireless devotion to and James Broner lost a leg at the or federal service just three years thi:ies during the critical Buna cam- duty during the difficult crossing Sananantla battJe. te!~~~tln~~;l~~n,Macfrthu1;e,; marked the front line for the n go, haa been acclaimed in n~wsapers, magazines and newsreels. heir exploits never will be fully ucrtbed but here are a few ac~ ounta: of individual acts o! bravry and devotion. To Sergeant George Zeitlow of olland and his machine gun squad oes credit for kllltng more Japs, erhaps, than any other unit of e 126th. Capt. Mitchell Haan, ow home on leave, says he has en th-e jungle littered with Jap odte• In front of Zeitlow'a gun mplacement. pa~~dely known is the bravery of Capt. Simon warmenboven, Grand Rapids physician, killed in New Guinea, and posthumously awarded the disting_uished service cross. Another medical man, Capt. John T. Boet, of Grand Rapids, likewise has ~~et~~ti~:~~a~t;:i!~~erd~nge and tn The Broner family of Muskegon sent three heroes with the 126th regiment to New Guinea. Capt. Russell A. Broner dodged death many times but his two brothers, hath sergeants, were not so lucky. ===== Once, a Jap officer discovered Sgt. Zeitlow lying in his slit trench d, with drawn sword, was about o ~x the Holland soldier. By a 1\li\c movement, Zettlow seized ht lap by the legs, toppling him nto the trench and the sergeant hen choked him into unconsciouseas and ran him through with he Jap's own sword. IDN'T COME BACK There was Sgt. John C. Putt, a emb-er of company I, of the third attalion, who volunteered to lead patrol through the Jap lines in earch of Company L, the 'lost' c 1pany. He never came back. Outstanding was the feat of Maser Sgt. Harold M. Lester1 of Grand Rapids, senior first Hrgeant of the 126th regiment, who with Sgt. Ber. ard A. Fonger fought their way hrough the Jap lines to the 'lost' mpany. Commander Salutes 126th Col. William Haze ls pictured 8alutfng the 126th infantry regimen~ Michigan national guard, during ceremonies In Fulton park three years ago Sunday, eve of departure of ftnt units of the 126th for active service. to~n i~h~!:1~f ;~;::;n~~ h~~~~d Rapids, winner of the distinguished service cross for holding his posi~ tion in the fact of repeated Jap attacks. . Returning mez_nbers of the 126th ~~!~m~~iic~:Yotf~ g~~u~esl:r t~~ Doerr, chaplain of the 43nd division, who labored day and night at Port Moresby to make the lot of the wounded easier during their evecuation to Australia, and to Sgt. Harold Gleason who was tn charge of bundling food and medical supplies dropped from air to the 126th regiment during the trek across the Owen Stanley mountains. Another hero o! the 126th is Capt. D on a 1 d Bush of Kalamazoo, wounded in the leg and thigh, who recently returned to duty at Fort Custer following convalescence at Percy Jones army hospital in Battle Creek. Bush won his captain's bars the same day that Capt. Mitchell Haan o! Grand Rapids, also here on leave, won his. Capt. Haan deserves special mention as commander of a unit which went to the rescue o! the lost company on the Sanananda road. The Grand Rapids officer mlract.lously escaped Jap bullets but fell victim to malaria. A hero of Haan's outfit was Sgt. Jerry Bonzelaar of Holland, one o! two men who braved intenee Jap fire to rescue four men buried under debris caused by the explosion of a Jap aerial bomb. Mourned by the whole regiment is Capt. Herald M. Hootman of Muskegon and Grand Rapids, popular officer and fearless soldicr1 whose body was found floating in a stream several days after he had been picked off by a sniper's bullet. This account of the valor of the 126th regiment could continue at great length. It would be wrong to think there were none in the regiment found wanting during the New Guinea ordeal but their number was negligible and it can be proudly said that nearly every man o! the hundreds who left their homes three years ago has earned the gratitude and admiration not only of Western Michigan but of the whole nation. ~New Landi,{·~· at Saidor Stuns\. JaPis )- 1 I By LEONARD M LL.IMAN Associated Pres°' ,var Ed11:ior American amphibious troops landed unopposed on the northern coast of New Guinea, capturing the harbor and airport of Saidor and trapping Japanese forces between them and Australians advancing \JP the coast of the Huon peninsula, Gen. Doug I as MacArthur a.nnounced Monday. Saidor fo about 110 air line miles northwest of Finschhafen, starting point of the Austi-alian march up the coast, and 55 miles southeast of Madang, nearest major Japaneee base toward which another column of Auetralians is driving from the Ramu valley. The landing, made by midwestern , elements ot the 32nd division of the Sixth army, took the Japanese by complete surprise. A 200-ton bombardment by warships and plane~ left the Japanese garrison so stunned they offC"red no resistanre as the sold.ier~ poured ashore ,1.t Ithree points. The troops, hugely from Wiscon~in and Michigan. went a11hore behind a smoke screen and quickly overcame slight Japanese resistance as they advanced and established firm control over the airfields and harbor. The amphibious operation represents an overnight gain that would have taken a month or longer to accomplish by the laborious march through the coastal jungles. It poses a new threat to Madang and its subsidiary bastion of Bogajim, which is about 45 miles west of .Saldor. In the overall picture this is another extension of MacArthur's route back t , the Philippines, furthet'ing the movement started when Sixth army units landed on the Arawe sector of New Britain Dec. 15. Along this route marin~s are 1developing the Japanese-built alrdrome at CapE'! Gloucester, New Britain. but there ha~ bPen no word since the Dec. 26 lnndin~ or AmerlC'an forC'es on LOng i~land. off the New Guinea coast c1hout 50 miles eR~l or Saidor. I l 1 �The Weather Cloudy, Warmer Full U. S. Weather Bureau Report on Fare I FIF'rY-NINTH n~ ~pi~s _~tnda <fkt GRAND YEAR 'IDS, MICH., MONDAY, JANUARY 3, • • • PRICE FOUR CENTS 1944 AMERICAN ~ lMPHIBIOUS FORCES LAND. AT S·1·DOR, NEW Capture GUINEA· Airfield; Foe ' ~-- . -~ __ p_____ -~ -~ - 1 .- War Echoes in Grand Rapids Resistance Is Feeble 32nd D,iv,ision Aids ·in Landing Operafi,ons M,enacing Jap Bas,es ADV AN CED ALLIE D HEADQUARTERS, New Guinea UP ) Gen. Douglas MacArthur landed veteran American army troops , including elements of the 32nd division, on the beach at Saidor on the north coast of New Guinea, without opposition Sunday to strike the third lightning blow in 18 days against the Japanese in the southwest Pacific area. ' The troops, commanded by Brig. Gen. Clarence Martin and Col. Slade N. Bradley, pushed inland, immediately to capture the - _ _ 1airfield and reported shortly after landing they had encountered slight resistance. I With the Japanese still reeling from offensive thrusts at Cape Gloucester and Arawe, both on New Britain island, all since Deo. 15, MacArthur caught them again by surprise by landing the soldiers behind the enemy's lines only 55 miles southeast of Madang, the Japanese' big base on Astrolabe bay. By this amphibious operation MacArthur cut off a considerable force of Japanese still battling the Australians a few miles north of RED ARROW J OB--1\lrs. Hazel Marker , 842 Alpine-av., N. W., displ ays t h e h a n diw ork of her son, S/Sgt. Stanley Ketch e1, 27, veteran of New Gu in ea cam paign s, who has acquired skill i n knitting and weaving w hile convalescing in an Australia n h ospital rou owtng attaeks or malaria. his uncle, the late Stanley Ketchel of Grand Rapids, famous middle weight boxing champion. Graduated in 1936 from Union i.n..h........,._~ Blucher point, which is above the Aliied base at Finschhafen, and the commanding general said the enemy was "trapped with n o source of supply, and they face disintegration and destruction." �Capt. Charlea of the headquarter• detachment, third b'attellon, l:l8tb Infantry 32nd dlvl1lon, U. S. A., called upon m.-iut week Thursday. That was a call worth having for we mighty seldom nowadays • ee a aoldJer with the famous Red Arrow on his shoulder. The boys who wear this Jn•ignia are over in New Guinea, have just made a new landing there and since the first troops went into action in the south Pacffjc, the Red Arrow division has been l pretty busy killing Japs. So from Lawyer, who has been with the 126th a long time before this war I got a pretty goo~ glimpse of what the boys have been doing and the conditions under which they have been doing it. Charlie like most of those who have seen real figh.Ung will say Httle about that phase of ft ):,\l"t he did te11 me something of the difficuJtles :~dte;is ~ : : the boys have been fighting Capt. Lawyer is home because he, like many another, says, "This is a young man's war. The tremendous exertions required and general hardships endured are just too much tor the ·ticker' or even a middle-aged man, a man say in his 40's." That's the reason Lawyer Is home and hereafter will be doing only limited service. They wanted to give him a medica l discharge but he said: ''After being in the service 25 years, I don ·t wan~ t~ quit in. the middle of a war. I can do l1m1ted service." They took him at his word and so he still wears Uncle Sam's uniform with the Red Arrow on his shoulder. In describing the toll which the exertions ot this war take, Lawyer enumerated many ot the original officers of the division Most of those high up in rank were in their 40's, even up to 48. Today just one officer is above 40 while very few of the rest or the officers are above 30. Many a captain and major and even colonel are in their early 20's for they are the ones who can take it. Moreover, Lawyer said that when the 32nd went over, 88 of the officeu were virtually local and well known. Today only seven of those original officers are left. Many, of course, are with other outfits but so far as the 32nd is concerned, those of \ us who once knew officers and men would find mostly strangers. On the other hand, one of the reasons for the great weeding out of local men is th').t the 126th perhaps has sent more non-coms and enlisted men to officers' training schools than almost any other similar outfit. Lawyer says the boys are the finest of soldiers and know their stuff so that a great many or those who started Out as en• ll• ted men are today wearing bars on their aboulden. I * :., * Australia Is Fine; New Guinea, Terrible Capt. Lawyer says Australia is a splendid country and the people so very much like Americans that they all get on wonderful1y well together. He said the Australians just naturally took the Americans to their hearts, opened their homes to them and generally palled around with them. Every• thing was wonljJer!ul and still is wonderful in Australia so far as the American boys are concerned and the Australian fighting men a,re wonderful. But New Guinea he aays, is something different. We've all ;ead and heard about the men fighting through mire and water up to their necks and of malaria and mosquitoes and other insects but La~er says we have no conception of just what that all amounts to. ''The boys in therE! fighting today are very much better equipped than we were ":'hen we went in at Port Moresby the first time," he said. ''We had no carbines, no jungle packs, no proper rations. Today the boys have all the supplies and equipment which we have learned from experience Is necessary for fighting in that kind of ter• rain and climate. They have everything now and that helps a lot." During the advance of the 32nd over the Owen-Stanley rnnge from Fort Moresby • Lawyer's out!it was given the job of seeing that the men On the march got their BUPplies. Having had no expel'ience and no informal.ion on the subject they just had to figure it out for themselves. It was a case of dropping the supplies from planes and of that they knew nothing. They cxperi• mented and Lawyer says that Maj. Harry Menclewski did a wonderful job of Jt. After they finally had the whole thin figured out and were doing the job, along comea complete Information from Washington. But they had figured it out long before and their system was already in operation Md successfu!Jy. The natives of New Guinea, Lawyer said, fortunately are very friendly and help the Australians and the Americana all they can. They hate the Jape and are used n?t alone as carriers and aborers but the selected ones are Invaluable gaining tn!ormation and reporting tt to proper ofClclals. • Jr anybody thinks the 32nd is havln11 in N Guinea, Lawyer says they on or, 1111e11 comln . . I With American Troops at Saidor. New Guinea-()P'}--The Japanese t sent nine bombers to raid thP Ametican beachhead at Saidor Sunday afternoon but found a completely Integrated force of jungle veterans in command of the area, . delayed reports disclosed Tuesday. " It \\·as the first report of an enI emy air attack on Saidor since Michigan and Wisconsin troops, ele• ments of th~ 32nd division which had their baptism o[ lire in the Papuan campaign, stormed ashore at dawn New Year's day. (Grand Rapids members of the Red Arrow division participated in the land• ing.) Only One Man Killed. One man was killed in _the and three wounded. Sunday night Maj. George Bond of San Angelo, Tc:.-:., summar1zert I the situation which established this as one ot the most cheap1y-ga incd land in gs in the southwest Pacific. "By that time we held a beach• head or some five miles," he c;;a id. "The main objective, securing of the landing strip, was achieved not long after noon." At least 11 Japanese dead havt'' been counted and one enemy sol• <lier taken prisoner. One of the first men · to recon• noiter the area thoroughly was Col. J . S. Bradley of Ml. Pleasant. S. C., c:enior officer of the American in• fantry force. He was one of the first, too, to swim the nearby Nankina river. "I was so hot by then I just walked right in with my clothes on," he sairl. Maj. Boet Spots Bivouac. Maj. John T. Boet of Grand Rapids. division medical officer, and Capt. Dubberly went on a scouting expedition of their own and found a Japanese bivouac below the southernmost of the three landing l I I more Grand Rap~ds men were named Tuesday in Associated Press dispatches concerning the Red Arrow occupation of Saidor, New Guinea. Capt. William J. Johnson, left, was in command of one of the landing boats; Cpl. Joseph R. li..,reiburger, Jr., 21, center, was among the assault troops, and l\ilaj. John T. Boet, 2U, r~gimental medical officer, was in charge of a patrol. ·_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ ~,,.te9ic,11•ouctfll••!.a.., C.•peGl011c:e,1t••11dLo111lll... ,1i1tJ•p11i1Pf1,h11nlro111~,. Ne•Ulil111n tot.boul 1olr1.0111,ol ..... ,,..1\11 to11••U \-e,,,h•Pl "'"'"'°''""orc:l'",h,rlW"9 ganized, then pushed on inland and in the direction of Saui point. The main line followed the trail while riflemen, singly and by twos and threes poked into undergrowth to either side. Spot Native Hut. U111trellN ~ the J•pallCM..., RED ARROWS SCORE AGAIN-Spearheaded by l\llchigan and Wtseonsln troo1>s of the 32nd Red Arrow division, American forces have captured the harbor and airfield at SaJdor, New GuineL beaches. At the trail junction the men Bradley said he believed the heavy spotted a native hut. Everyi>ody rd 5 ~:b~ ;;i~~ brooi.~ ~o a~o:~r~~ :aaic~r~~~d t~ss~~opi/~il~r:~a~~: explosives on the area, probably There was no return fire. Then 0 ~~~ 1/~~~edre:~f~de / e\~~eren;:: Capt. Johnson came out of the scrub to the left of the trail and caught by or fled ahead of th e pre• said, ''H-1, there's nothing therend la ing naval sheJJing. we came through that about five Capt. Johnson Leads Unit. minutes ago." One landing boat was in com• IncJudcd in the landing party was mand of Capts. William J. Johnson Cpl. Joe R. Freiburger of Grand of Grand Rapids and Peter L. D:il- Rapids. Most of the troops were nonte of Three Rivers. When ft hit with the units which participated the beach the men filed out on the in the Jong hike over part of the doublc and proreeded inland on a Owen Stanley mountains in the narrow trail to a native hut. There early days of the New Guinea cam• they halted momentarily to get or- paign. 1 --------- - -· I More p apuan Vets a t· Slll,"d or I Further evidence that many Cpl. Joseph R. Freiburger, jr., 2l, Grand Rapids veterans of the gruel- whose home is at 2037 Edgewood• Jing Paouan campaign of a year av., N. E ., Is another Papuan vetago again are in action in the oc• eran in th_e Saidor campaign. ~e cuption of Saidor, New Guinea, was won the silver star medal for_ his revealed in Associated Press dis- action in the earlier New Gumea patches Tuesday listing local of- campaign, leading Utter· bearers ficers and enJisted men. around Japanese positions to evacu• Capt. Wi11iam J. Johnson, son of ate wounded comrades. A former Mrs. Edgar Johnson of Ada, who Union High school student, he was was tn command of one of the employed by the Grand_ Rapids landing boats, was one of the of• Hardware Co. before enterm; servficers with the "'lost company" on J 1cc. A brother, Donald, 1s m the the Sanananda roadblock late in navy. 1942. In the description of that Maj. John T. Boet, who apparent. battle it was related that Johnson ly 1s doubling as a patrol leader then a lieutenant, led m the cap- officer, was promoted to his pres• turc or a Japanese supply dump ent rank after the Papuan camwhich helped sustain the company paign. He was a close fnend of Lt. m its bitter 2l•day stand. Capt. Col. Simon Warmenhoven. medical Johnson is a grandson of the late ofhcer, \\ho ,,.as killed Jn action in w,mam Judson of ~he JudsOn tho campaign a year ago. Maj. G~ry Co, ; Boet Is the son of Dr. and .Ml'I. With Cllpt. Johnson In the Saidor Frank A. 13oet, 849 Scribner-av•• attack wM Capt. Peter L. Dal• N. W., and 1s a graduate of Union ponte of Three Rivers, who for a High school, J~nior college !ind time was in command of the "lost\ Marquette umverslty medical c_o_m_p_an_y::____ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _sc_h_o_o_I._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ l I I I �_..,___.-:-------------------------.J-------------------------.---:----:-:--==-=-=-=-:: -:-=-=-====-=-:::-:--i The Grand Rai>i s Press Rain YEAR TWQ SECTIONS SECTION ONE GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. THURSDAY, JANUARY 27, 1944'.- 26 PAGES \ \ Home Edition FOUR CENTS fl ON NEWS STAND. AND STREET ed Arrow V etS to Return Home Soon _j First Quota Will Leave Jungle Front in March 126th Left City 39 Months Ago Buna Troops Revelation that veterans of the 32nd (}J.ed Arrow) division will be returned borne this year means that members of the 126th infantry, former Michigan National Guard regiment from Grand Rap ids and other west Michigan cities, will be back in Grand Rapids after nearly four years of service, including two overseas. It was in October, 1940, that some 600 members of Grand Rapids coma nies left the city for trainin g in Camp Beauregard, La. Col. William Haze, then in charge, later was retired and many of the men who left with the original contingents either have been transferred or have been incapacitated in training or in combat. But of the 1,300 from this city and west Michigan who went south, several hundred still remain with the Red Arrow division in Australia and New Guinea. After 16 weeks at Camp Beaure- gard the division was moved to Camp Livingston, La., for further training. Early in 1942 the division was sent to Camp Devens, Mass., apparently for transfer to Uie European theater, but later Len gth of Service orders sent it across the continent Order of Release to a Pacific coast embarkation point where it left in April , 1942, for Milwaukee--(IP)-Robert J. Doyle, Australia. The 126th infantry, with Grand the Milwaukee Journal's staff war Rapids companies making up part correspondent, in a radio dispatch of the spearhead attack, rolled from Sajdor, New Guinea, reported back the Jap invaders in New Thursday that the first group o:t Guinea in October, November and 32nd division soldiers who would December of 1942, the campaign return to the United States were continuing into the early months scheduled to leave the southwest of 1943. In this campaign heroic Pacific early in March. chapters were written by the local "A new army order provides for troops over the Owen Stanley return on a monthly quota basis, mountain trails, at Euna and along beginning in March, of army perSananada road. Many Grand Rap - sonnel with 18 months' service in ids and west Michigan youths won the southwest Pacific area," Doyle awards for their heroism in this said. "Preference is to be given t o those with six months or more in action. A few weeks ago local units were tropical areas-northern Australia reported in a landing at Saidor, and New Guinea and other islands .. S oldiers T hrllled. New Guinea, where they probably still are in action. "This is the biggest news Red History of the 126th infantry and Arrow soldiers have heard sirlce of the 32nd division goes back to they were sent overseas. From the Spanish-American war. The morning until night they talk o f division also was in the Mexican little else. Almost every soldier border campaign of 1916, served in I have talked to in the last y ear France w ith unusual distbction in has asked, 'When are we goin g 1917-1918 and then was part of the home?' Soldiers have nursed r earmy of occupation in Germany. It turning-home rumors since the V./as one of the first units calleQ, Buna campaign. into federal service in 1940 when "Even though Red Arrow per• orders for mobilization were sonnel officers a1:1e compiling lists issued. at the direction of division head .. quarters, naming men qualified for return, some soldiers are afraid t o believe it. "Quotas are secret, but it appea rs that they will be relatively small j<That's wonderful!" exclaimed for the first few months, but may Col. William Haze, former com- increase when the machinery is mander of the 126th infantry, when running smoothly and more ship• informed at his heme Thursday of ping and replacements are avail• the plan to return to this country able. veterans of the 32nd (Red Arrow) '1Juna Boys" First. division. "Among soldiers who arrived in "I doubt that any news could lift Australia more than 21 month• the morale of the men at home as ago with the 32nd division, pref• •.vell as those in the fighting as erence probably will be given much as this. It gives to those who still are to go overseas some assur- those with the longest service in ance that they may expect to re- New Guinea. Red Arrow infantryturn home after they have had men still v-.'ith the division who fought in the Buna campaign have their share of the battle and of had nearly nine months' tropical course it gives similar assurance service. Fjrst quotas will consl,;t to tho.se..~~ th..:_ :~~~t_:~~~~t~er_;v~l~ chief!}' of "'ll<'h vetetans. Get Priority Rule!i Boost to Morale Asserts Col. Haze �PRICE FOUR CENTS l!M4 FEBRUARY 11, APS WIPED ·OUl Wipe Out 14,000 Japs in New Guinea Victory 32nd Divis·ion Yanks, Aussies Effect Juncture at Saidor ALLIED ~EA_DQUARTERS IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC (Fnday) <.1P)~V1ctonous conclusion of a rugged New Guinea Jungle campaign which trapped 14,000 Japanese and wiped out the "great bulk" of them was announced today by Gen Douglas MacArthur. · .Australian ve.terans of African battles with the Nazis climaxed a five months drive over the Huon peninsula's treacherous terrain by effectmg a Juncture Th~rsday morning with American invasion forces near Sa1dor-puttmg both in position to th t t d bomb-paralyzed Madang. rus owar The Aussies and Yanks joined forces at old l'.agoml, j U miles sout heut of Saidor. Th e Australian Infantry :force and citizens mllltary force (mllitla) met the Amerlcarus Jncludhtg Buna. veterans of the 32nd division , on a hot, flat coastal plai n. The Aussies had pushed 150 miles northwest from Finschhafen Bince that peninsula ~ase was captured last Oct. 2. They fought bitterly ove.r towering mountains ot the Finisterre range and a Jong the unhealthy coastal plain. They had to ford approximately 60 streams running down from Saruwaged and Finisterre. CPL. \VELDON G. LUSKIN S/SGT. WALTER CHESLOCK \VAR TAKES LIVEfi OF FOUR-Action at Saidor, New Guinea, on :Feb, 22, brought death to three Grand Rapids soldiers of the 126th infantry, according to messages received by their parents. Sgt. Robert Stefans, 21, w·ho had celebrated his twenty-first birthday i,~eb. 20, is the son of l\lr. and l\lrs. Frank Ste(ans, now of i\Iuske~on Heights. SJSgt. Russe ll E. Young, 25, is the son of l\Ir. and l\lrs. Roy E. Young, 1U8 Summer-av., N. \\'. S/ Sgt. \Valter Chc-slock, 31, I~ the son of l\lr. and Mr!ll. John Cheslock, 9,19 Twelfth-st., N. \V. All th r ee attended Union High school. Cpl. \Veldon G. Luskin, 18, of t he marines, son of A. W. Luskin, Ludington, was killed in a plane accident in the southwest Pacific. Two JI ore Red Arrows l(illedi T\',.'O more vetPrans of 32nd divi- looking forward to the promised sion action in the southwest Paci- , return of their outfit to th e UniV'd States. The new reports brought te l fie, who have gone throu gh the bit- thrPe the number k illed at Saidor. terest fighting with the 126th inThe lat<.'sl Grand R a pids casunl!antry, met d('ath in action against ti es. reported to their pare nts in the Japanese at Saidor, New official war department telegrams, t I 1 Guinea, Feb. 22, while they were a~~Sgt. Ru~sell E~ Young, 25, son of Mr. and Mrs. R oy E. Youngr I 108 Summer-av., N. W. 1 ; Sgt. Robert Stefan:;;, ':!1, son o ... 1 Mr. and Mrs. Frank Stefans, Muskcgon Heights, formerly of Grand R:~~ct;;ted Wednesday W3.$ the death ol S/ Sgt. Walter Cheslock, I I I 31, son of Mr. and Mrs. John Ches- lock, 949 Twelfth-st., N. W. Sgt. Young who w as cited by his \ company commander, Capt. M. M. Huggins, for heroism in the battle of the Sanananda track in the Buna compaign more than a y ear ago, was a warded the silver star for gallantry. He w as born in Shelby county, Ind., and moved to Muskegon Heights with his par~ ents, where they lived before coming here. He was gradua ted from Un ion High sc hool in 1937 and was a member of th e local national guard unit when it was caJled to I in the fall of 1940. He operIduty ated his own sheet metal shop on Bridge-st., be fore his enlistment. Sgt. Stelans left Union High I I school, where he was a sergeant in the ROTC unit. tc go to active duty with the 126th infantry in the fall of 1940 and was with the outfit throughout ~ ct ion in 1hc Buna campaign. Besides his parents he is surviv d by a brother, Pvt. , Thoma ~~Y Stcfans, station,d ~ army air base, Pratt, I I SAIDOR LANDIN<:, The Americans landed from the. 11ea at Saidor Jan. 2 thereby squeezing J a panese between them and th e Australlans, then about 50 miles away. Many of these Japa- 1 nese were drowned when PT boats sank the barges on which they tric to esca pe.. Others fled into the mount a ins a nd starved to death a long the jungle trails. The juncture of the fo r ces probably signalizes a driv1;1 on the coastal base of Madang, about 60 miles by coastline above Saidor. Fliers already have reported indications that the Japanese may have abandone.d that coastal base. SIX JAP Rl';GIMENTS In thEJ Huon campaign, the Japanese forces destroyed included six infantry, artillery and engineer regimc.nts. Headquarters. in announcing the ground sOccess today, also reported air blows at Japan's two principal Southwest Pacific air bases of Rabaul , New Britain, and Wewak, New Guinea. An air raid also was made on Al1:xishafen, air support base for Madang and Kavieng, New Ireland, s taging dr.pot for Rabaul. ..._ ~! 7 . .. . ~'f .id NICE TOWN - Grand Rapids looks "pretty swell" to T / Sgt. Jack Dezeeuw, Red Arrow veteran, who maintained radio connections between the front lines and headquarters in the Battle of Buna, a.nd at Saidor and Altape. He is home on furlough for 21 da)·s, visiting his sister, 1\lrs. Edward Broekstra, 843 \Vatk.ins-st., S. E., before reporting at Fort Sam Houston, Tex., for reassignment. �nero (In one Of the most dramatic moves of this war, the United States army forces on Luzon have rescued 510 Allied prison. ers from a Japanese pril!1on stockade far behind the enemy lines. (Clark Lee, veteran Interna• tional News Service war correspondent who covered the fall of Bataan, accompanied the picked group of U. S. Rangers eued men, dre11ed In rags and ploit of the Paciflc .war, 407 Amer• ican Rangers and Filipino guertatten, staggered or were .carrillas stormed a Japanese prison ried to the safety of American carnp in eastern Luzon Tuesday llnes under heavy fire from the night and freed 510 Allied captives, Jap prison gua~ · Tragically, mostly American ol'ficers and sol• two died with lght of an diers, afer killing 523 Japs of the American army p. brutal garrison. WAVE OF REJOICING Pitifully weakened by starvaAgainst the astoundingly heavy tion and horrors perpetrated by their ruthless captorsJ the resJap losses, the heroic band of res- who knifed through 30 miles of enemy territory to rescue the men. The following is his eyewitness story of the deliver- ippines, hastenCLARK LEE ed to make public the names and addresses of the freed men. "No Incident of the campaign has given me such personal satisfaction," he declared. '"The mission was brlliantly successful.'J · ance.) By CLARK LEE International News Correspondent WITH AMERICAN RANGERS NEAR CABANATUAN, Luzon (Delayed)-In the most electrifying ex- Led Luzon Prisoner Liberation Lt. Col. Henry A. Mucci of Bridgeport, Conn.• (above) led the daring and dramatic rescue of American and Allied prisoners from a Japanese camp on Luzon, He commanded 121 picked U. S. Rangers e.nd 286 Filipino guerrillas In the raid. Mucci's wife and young daughter, who live in Denver, are pictured on page 2, (Ar Wirephoto). �, �Hero "Explihis" i:-~"* Sanananda Sergeant Ca,ual About It Ju The man who, with a patrol of 30 under his command, fought nis way through to the famous "lost com9a ny" of Sanananda road block fame In the early fighting on New Guiri<li,, ls home again for 30 days ~happy in spite of the fact that he feels Impelled to do some goodnatur~d "explaining." He ls- Sgt. Thaddeus C. (Ted) · Gclembi'&wskl, 22, son ot Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Golembiewski 757 ! Lake Michigan-dr., N. W. • Twice reported wounded, he ,vants to clear that up. His first 1 "wound," just after the Sanananda epic, was simp]y malaria. The second wound was "OK"-a bullet in the ribs at Saidor. For him, the malaria was worst of the two. That, he said, "really got me down,'' and he was repeatedly hospi ta1ized in Australia. "Explanation" No. 2 has to do with. the widespread publicity he received as a hero. He laughs that off with a simple: "I only did what I was supposed to do." (What he was "'supposed to do"-and did was What really bothered Sgt. Golemlo take hi s patrol and establish biewski was a Detroit newspaper's contact with the Red Arrow sol- c~ual statement, in a story about OY IN HOT SPOT-Carrying canteens of water' I dicrs holding the Sanananda road his feat, that "Sgt. Golembiewski up a ridge on the island of Guam was t he task of Pfc. Gerard J. 1 block and surrounded by Japs. He is married.'' Platte, son of 1\-lr, and Mrs. Richard Platte, 153 Valley-av., N. \\'., made it, with the Joss of two men>. / •'That," says the sergeant, "'has I when this picture was taken. Pfc. Platte enlisted In the marines In called for a lot of explaining! It just isn't so." January, 194%, and hu bfien In the south Paclftc many months. He After his leave, Sgt. Golembiewtook part In the flrhtlng on Bougalnvllle and other operations In that ski reports at Fletcher General theater. He Is a graduate of Catholic Central High achoo! a nd wa1 1 hospital, Cambridge, Mass., for reIO •\'l • ~'t employed by Hayes Manufacturing corporation. assignment. He is a graduate of Union High school. He left here with the naTHE DETROIT NEWS, SUNDAY, APRIL 2!, 1944 tlonal guard in October, 1940, and r-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' - - ' - - - - - ' - - - - - - " - - - - - ' - - ' - - - - - ' - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - w e n t overseas with the Red Arrows in April, 1942. Hls brother Edward G., is a seaman first cl~s, based at GuJfport, Miss. Two ha1f-brothers also are in service. Cpl. Bernard Sobotka, in North Africa, and Lt. Harry Sabotka. I , I I REUNION SOMEWHERE IN AUSTRALIA-U. S. servicemen from Michigan get together for a group photograph in an American Red Cross Service Club. Their names, addresses, and length of service in the Southwest Pacific, as of the middle of February, are listed below, from left to right. Row I: Pvt. Fabian Maka·•wiez, Fosters, 8 months ; T / 4' rry Ball, 6457 Jos. Campau, D•18 months; T /5 Edw~d J. 23 Elm Park boulevard, t Ridge, 22 months ; Corp. Corace, 2307 Van Dyke, 9 months ; Pfc. Harold A. ly, 4 month•; Pfc. Frank ~720 DequJndre, Ham- ~t!~ l~o~«?n~: c Robert A. Franta, otreet. Detroit, 5 months; Corp. William Dzioba, Battle Creek, 10 months; SergL R a ymond Branstrom, Chassell, 24 months; P. 2/ c Toney A. Baade, New Haven, 12 months; S l.'c Michael J. O'Connor, 31'5 East Loun avenue, Detroit, 8 months; Pfc. Thomas J . Spencer, 631 Selden avenue, Detroit, 1 month; R. M. 2/c Hillard Ganga, Iron Mountain ; Pvt. George P . Dettloff, M35 Yorkshire street, Detroit, 1 week: Corp. Clinton McNeven, E88exvllle, 19 montb1; Sergt. Daniel McGreevy, 012 Carter avenue, Detroit, 20 months. Row S: B. M. 2/ c William Coleman, Bronson, 2 years; Sergt, Earl E . Krause, Flint, 23 months; T / :S James V. Bis, Kalamazoo, 21 months ; Pfc. John Mierzwa, Jackson, 8 months; T / 5 Fred L. Peters. Gladwin, 10 months; 2nd Lieut. C. A. C., Norman Petrak, 22538 Beech st., Dearborn, 4 month •; American Red Cross worker Trudy Johnson, 15371 Asbury Park, Detroit, 8 months; C. M. 2/c Alen W. Bundy, Battle Creek, 2 years ; T / 5 Ben Brown, 1535 B1aine avenue, Detroit, 9 months ; S; Sergt. Jot11eph Marka;t Flint, H months; F 2 /c Fritz F Schossau , Wyandotte, 3 '6ths: Pfc. Leo Bomber, 3300 Martin atre~t, Detroit, 19 months. Row 4: Pfc. John Sumner, 1071 Hubbard street, De-troit, 2 )'ears; Pvt. John E. Stockmeyer, Saglna.w. 7 months; Pvt. Edward V. Ander1ite, 2180 Lemay avenue, Detroit, 22 ,.tbs; Sergt. Elwood Somers, Lincoln, 10 months: F 2/ c Harry M ~ 4155 Rlopelle street, Detroil 3 months; SergL ;Bl&nz E. Toensfeldt, 3419 Hamlllon avenue, Detroit, 8 months; Pfc. Warren Geiger, Kalamazoo, , months; Pvt. Arwin Bates, Whilehall 1 week; Corp. Garlo F. Andreoli, .079 Townsend avenue, Detroit, 13 months ; Pfc. Seymour Matenky, 13331 Fourteenth street, Detroit, 3 mont.ha.-Pboto from: American Red Crosa. 7 7 �D~~thMessag~ Dashes Hopes Hope that Pvt. Allen Wllcox, Jn• fantryman inissin1 at the An.z:io beachhead since Feb. 8, might have been taken prisoner by the German~ and still 3-~-~ AT SAIDOR. NEW Gu!NEA, during a Juli in fighting, Sgt. Joseph Raffertr, at left, son of Mr. and )!rs. A. F. Rafferty, 1987 Harding avenue, )Iuskegon, takes time out lo do a bit of bull-threshing with Sgt. Wilbur Smith, Big ·Rapids. The main subject of such session~ is the "good ol' U. S . .A." T,hese three nre m, 'rr bcr5 of Gener~! :.\JacArthur'z forces that made the successful inrnsion at Saidor.-\U. S. Si ,nal corps photo.) -_______2:_::--~ / I / \ \ .'\ /'•: I / ... -;/ • I ,/ ( 1, \ I '.// l L . \ \l ... ,,/ . _i } -' , / I' i ~'4' ,· I,·.,· ! i / . -... ·::....' . ', ·, i i, u \.__ :. I ,,,..,,•· \ \ ... -;..~/. ' . I • '?-,,... ,· - - _, --..-· '· ! / ....-· , /_i w,_. .\ ..- ,/ ........ of the date he vanished j 1st after the Anzio landing. Pvt. Wilcox, son of Mrs. Bern•.c• Wilcox, 48 LaBelle-st.. S. W., married here last July whlle en leave from a Texas camp to Mils Patricia Bilsborrow, who reaidea with her parents, Mr. and Mr-.. Charles F. Bilsborrow, 428 Mui-' ford-dr., S. E. She received word on March 16 that her husband wu missing. Pvt. Wilcox was a native ot Grand Rapids. graduate of South High school in 1942 and former manager of a C. Thomas store on. Eastern-av., S. E. He had been overseas since November. Besides his widow and mother, he 1s survived by a sister, Mra. Sylvia Johnson, and his material grandparents, all of whom reside with his mother at the LaBelle street address. \ ._ ' , .. ment by the war department that he has been listed kllled !n action I as ~ '\ l r- /' ' I 1 'l •' I, • ·, . ~ -_ -- L \.' \' I -......... ............... . __ ,......; __ ,I!\\ ,. . ,,,. _. got aro d'fects are i understand the b .~ust be reA.lized that the occuiPd countri h �AFTER FIVE DAYS. RETURN TO Fifth Year of War Finds Invincible German Army Awaiting Certain Defeat By Chronide Staff Writer World War II becomes four years old at 11 :35 a. m. Wednesday. /y It was on September 1, 1939, word was flashed to a tense world the long-feared hostilities in powder-keg Europe had burst into cataclysm. '11. '- The Associated Press carried this bulletin announcing the start of the warWarsaw, Sept. 1.-(5:35 p. m., 11:35 a. m., E. S. T.)(AP)-German warplanes swooped over ,Yarsaw this afternoon in an air attack in advance of three German armies .invading this country. Through horrible months that followed, the Luftwaffe and invincib1e German armies pyramided ..one victory upon another. Even darker days came in 19-10 when the Blitz of London was begun. But the RAF stalled the Luftwaffe and the campaign ended in a victory for Englai;,d. From that date until now the 44 invincible" Germans have known their war must end in defeat. Today, jittery, they await the im·asion of the United Kations aimed at the liberation of all Europe. Briefly summarized, here are events of the four years a'! war: 1939-4(} Adolf Hitler touched off history's greatest war with his invasion of Poland on Sept. 1, 1939. After a winter lull in the west, while Russia fought Finland, the Nazis attacked Denmark, Norway, The Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and France, and swiftly • conquered all by June, 1940. ltaly enle1'ed the fight in time to jump on fallen France and began attacking the British in Africa. As the first year of war ended the battle of Britain was beginning- an air blitz in which London, Co,·entry, anti other cities were ..bomb Yictims, but a campaign that ended in victory for England because the RAF beat off the Luftwaffe. · 1940 • 41 Pompous Mussolini invaded Greece in ~ovember, 1940, and promptly got_ pushed back on his heels by the "army in skirts " Hitler came to the rescue in the s:pring of 1942, attacking Yugoslavia, Greece -and Crete. Germany surprised the world in June with the invasion of Russia, an ill-starred campaign that has gone on for more than hvo years, taken millions of German and Russian soldiers' !ires, and left many thousands of Soviet civilians dead, too-the victims of brutal Nazis who murdered as they retreated under l;(.e d Army pressure. attack on Pearl Harbor on historic 1941 • 42 Japan's Dec. 7, 1941, turned the war from a European struggle to a global coi1flict. There followed a series o[ defeats in the Pacific, but by the summer of 1942 the Tlnited States was winning battles like the naval-air clashes in the Coral Sea and at Midway and had scored a stunning surprise with the raid on Tokyo. American fight,g men and flyers were sent to all parts of the world-to Australia and New Guinea, to the Jap-inrnded Aleutians, to England to prepare for attacks on Europe and Africa, and to· the Solomons, where the United States started pushing the Japs back in August, 1942. 1942-43 While '.Americans and Australians battled Japs in the jungles of New Guinea and the Solomons, the war spotlight swung back to Europe with the invasion of North Africa in November, 1 942 . Allied troops struck acrpss Morocco and Algeria while Britain's Montgomery chased Rommel out of Egypt and Libya. The combined armies cleared the Axis from Tunisia by May, 1943, and invaded Sicilr two months !ale,·. .\leanwhile Germany and Italy were bombed by the RAF and uSAAF in an unprecedented aerial blitz. 1\ew o(fensiYes were ahead in the Pacific as the Allies took Atlu and Kiska and bombed the Japs in the Kuriles and points South. ., Men of 126th Say Japanese .?-'/" , Are Cannibals _ \Q The barbarism of the Jap troops is perhaps the bitterest recollection of returning members of the 126th regiment, composed of west Michigan troops, who fought so well in the New Guinea campaign. 1 Capt. Mitchell Hann, 1242 Walker 1 ave., NW., home on leave, is o~ the opinion, shared by many offl."'I I cers and men of the 32nd division, that the Japs resorted to canni- I ~:~tlng. d~:,1~~ M~\~osfe~:V343iu6:~~ ley ave., SW., wounded New Guinea veteran, has reported seeing wounded and dead AustraHan soldiers with pieces of flesh cut from their bodies. It is the theory of Capt. Haan that the Japs, although they themselves, perhaps, did not actually eat human flesh, did use it to feed !south Sea natives and Korean coolies used in building military installations in New Gunea. He said his troops one~ , ea.me upon a pot of meat in J-r:S'ap Camp whic~ ion inspection closely reseIXJ,blld, 1 ihuJilan flesh. -<- · �Around tlw Town Sp,\ing on the ,Taps iJ1 Ne\.Y Guin0a from. an inland peak, ·while li\"lng among the natives j in r1. 1rnpical \\"ildf'rncss 12 cla:vs is vi,·idly de- ; ~cribcd hv L1. AHred Kirelwnhwuei, 23 years old, of lliuskegon. in ,i letter to his ,,.- ife. the (ormer Hester A11.it1•c\\·s. The ).!11skegon t'fman who left hf're as a I THE GRAND RAPms HERAI.l). serireanl in tlw J!,fadriuarters company of the ! 126th Infantry, ,,·as with Co. E when it made ils famous march o,·cr 1l1e Owen StanA lf'\' mounta1m. He has b€'cn ill with ma• la~ia fi\'f' 1imes. but got hack in action. MUSKEGON HEIGHTS SOLDIER RECOVERS FROM MALARIA Jap Attack Put Damper on Christmas in New Guinea, but Yanks Setfled Score in , rec·ent months and ha~ had sc,·eral narrow escapes from death, M.rs. Kirchcnb<1uer reports. 1 Lieu1enant Kin:hcnbauP-1' is the ~on of Arthur KirchenhauC'r, 1206 Oak Grove a,·enue, 1 a~ of i\11·s . Ca'.Jil~ n Kirc-henbauer, 216 Allen ; '\l'-'_nu'l; · Muskegon Bureau says Vos, "so the next morning ,we t Cl Ghrand Raplds dHerahld jumped on the Japs and heaved an a aus ad spanne t ousands ~f miles of ocean, dodging them out of there." submarmes and other modern 01; Unfortunately, however, the enr~~unia~ld emy soldiers had feasted on the puffed over the Owen Stanley • mountains to boot, just so that the brave band of Yanks cracking at Buna Mission should not miss his annual visit. And he made it, too, in time for Christmas eve, 194.2, Men of the famed 32nd division were jubilant, For many weeks they had eaten no baked goods, no candy, nor had they had ·a pull on a good cheroot. The yule packages appeared destined to end all this, and thus the soldiers fell to with a will, tearing bright colQred inner wrappings off the parcels. 1 The ~old1e-f ,~s that ).luskegon )io;> s (rom He.:1rlquarters compan;-, and Co. C €',tend their greetings to former men or 1 !he outfit and to their familirs and other friends. The letter dated Feb. 15 and receh ·ed March 10, co,·er.~ an cxpC'dition of Jan. 31 to Feb. 10, and is a.s folio\\'~: S ~~:~:.s ~n: left the Bn. C.P. ,vith 10 men from 1 Co. C.. Sgt. Frankffdtch from lviuskegon Heights is the sql.lad leader. Also along are a sergeant and private from the Intelligence section and SgL VanWiegen from Co. F: a nati,·e police hoy, Sapol, and :n natiYe earriers "·ith our packs and rations. \Ve loaded 11 on a harg-e and after a five mile ride landed at our out post. \ From !here on foot we followed a native trail • inland up a mountain range. The natives, .sure and trail wise. pojnted out lreachcrous ,' plaee.s. Tll0y seem to be ahle to smell Japs, 1 1 and for safety we .send them ahf'ad to scout. I Tlle nati\·es each carry about 4.0 pounds al I / rla~. \Ve nen'r stop longer than five minutes to rest hccause this stif(cns 1he legs anrl i 1 cools one too much. Thr natives pushert ~ ahead to a cocoanut g1·on' and had waiting · I for -us cocoanuts whose juice was refrPsh- l I I ing. This afternoon ~~~~~d a1~~ll~~i~-el we 0 s1 opped at an i~~tt 1!~~a';1;ti;;-e~~~~~l ed other articles, such as socks and houseslippers, prized wants in the New G uinea area. The men were making ready to eXchange this or that, or had tossed a Jump of candy to a partner, when who should come u p but an u nlnvited guest, in the form of a Jap attack. The Nips were in force and drove the Americans back. PACKAGES DROPPED Ptivate John Vos 1 281 of Muskegon Heights was th ere and he and every othe~ Yank dropped hia Christmas package. "That made us good and mad," ( a ban- ) h:~~ I~ o7:l ~;~at'1~t~(~. \ ~?~~u~,!ctt n\::i;~ ~~:i)~~g~roi1~~; 11 remarkahle 1he work the missionaries ha,·e c nccomp\ished here. I learned later these I t \\"f'J"f' German Lutherans. f' I The nath·es. whene,·er dogs came ne11r 1 would yel! "Doust." a German word. We 1 didn't Ji.kc thr dogs either for the;-r Rte dear[ J Japanc$e. 1 After a. restless night on hard bamboo hed s. ' ' Ke ate a hot breakfaH from the famous 1~ army ''J" ration, hit the trail and soon our 1 kinks and aches _we1p gone. The tr~il steep- l 1 encrl c1nrl " ·a~ slippery from the ram. Soon our jungle greens were soaked with sweat, ( hence we wc-lcomed mountain stream!- to 1< c-ool our hands and face~ and lappcd handfuls · 1 of watC'r. nath-e fa!:ihion. About 11 :.30 we reached our destination near a nafi,·e ,·illagf'. The occupants would !ell I m:v police bO;>' all they knev.f ahout the .T~ps l and he repealed it 10 me in pidgin English. \Vhile obserYation posts were being- established thl" na1i,·es built us two huts and a cook shack anrl a hut for themseh·es. My carriers all belonged to Angou, controllP-d b;>' Australia. so I sent them back the ne:d day, leanng Sapo! crnd four cook boys with us. T\,'.O of our outpo~ts <fff' in trees. and the other 1s on a hill. a 10 minute clirnb from my command po~L. I P~~1Ii~~m:~~ th!: Q~x::~~:1ci ~~~eg~~t: t;:~e d:~~ and in addition there were assort- ::md made our herls _iust hefo1·c it hegan to rain. After darkness all was quiet except fo1• 1 I he rust ling in the hrus)1 of a native pig, and . 1 !hf-" swishing of banana and cocoanut ]Nn·es. 1~ - I 1 I His battalion, he says, was the only American unit to make the complete trip over the Owen Stanley mountains, a 125 air-mile trip, -Beckqulst Photo rnd ~ith altitude at 9,000 feet at PVT. JOHN VOS he highest point. The Fuzzy Wuz_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ zies, or New Guinea natives, alChristmas sweetmeats and had ways helpful to the Allies, were passed the other presents back, so a distinct aid on that trek, Vos while the Americans recovered the d?clares. The going was no picposition, they had no luck in get- me at any time and for three ting their .p ackages again. months Vos recalls his outfit slept This score was only one o! many on th e ground with no covet to the Yanks settled when they and combat rains or insects. The same the Aussies took Euna Mission and pair of socks ~id duty 10 days or Sanananda, after a gruelling cam- ~~;: ao d boo.ts of so_me soldiers paign but Vos recalls it vividly d on th eir feet m the slog today' as he looks back over,seven th rough swamp mud. The Americans had food all the time, Vos says, but once in a while the supply was low. The Japs at Buna Mission had eaten dry rice several days before they were capID-~:!> -D tured, the Heights man says. The Yanks cut ofl' the water supply to the mission just before the place was mopped up. SAYS JAP SAVAGERY TRUE Vos declares stories of Japanese ati-ocities and · savagery are only 50 per cent strong enough. "They just aren't human," he says he is convinced after contact with them on the island. Vos had many close calls, one especially. when a sniper shot and killed his partner. The shot might just as well have been intended for him, Vos believes, since he was less than 10 feet away. He has trophies ot the jungle campaign, a Jap wrist watch, shaving brush and toothbrush-none of which he is very anxious tp handle, even himself-please. ""'1""' don't like to touch their belon!o ings," he opines, c AUSTRALIANS FRIENDLY The Australians are a forthright and friendly people and Vos likes the island continent, but there's nothing like the United States, aft' er all. He likes the Australian girls, even if they don't understand football, and he calls the Aussie soldier a most ferocious warrior. •He hopes soon to be transferred to Percy Jones hospital, Battle Creek. While home, Vos fs visiting friends and relatives. He also is speaking now and then at war bond i and incentive rallies in the factories I here. :========== ----------------~------ I ,ve see Japs mo,·ing along the bE>ach, batll~ ing and washing tlothes, and \\.·e see . the smoke from their cooking fires. The natives' I ' information is depenrtablc. For example, they I told me \\·here two mountain gun~ were, whirh later was corifirmed by a pri sont'r of ,var. The nati\·es abanrloned their beac h yilJages and moved high into !he- rnounta)n::; but freQuentl;-• yj~itect thf'ir garclen.s anrl. ~pied on !he hated Japs \\'ho steal their food, ~-ho~t 1 their pigs .ind .in some case's harm their l women. . Sapol, at m;- reques1. asked the Lu Luai, ot' No . 1 man of !he village. to ~end ~ome nath·e food for hart er. as mone;-' isn't much I good here. 'vVe use main!;-· salt. razor hlades. I tobacco and calico. Salt is almost lil;:e gold. and I one spoonfu l normally wm bu:v about 20 pounds l of natiw· food. Since the Japs moved in,j most of the in1and Yillages ore over~ I crowded and there is a food ~hortage: so l hey 1j 1 , ...·elcomc rice and meat. Our natl\·e food I arriYecl. so for a change we had a stew of yams, pumpkin. squash. onions. bull;-' bee( ~nrl our own canned pea,. l t was really good! I \Vhile the Lu Ltiai i~ lhe No. 1 man of the village. the No. 2 man is Rune -Tune and \ No. 3 is the Doctor Bo;>'. Our No. 1 cook bov has bef'n chewing an over suppl;-r of betel nut, and has llalf a _iag. fle is ga;- and 1alkalive as he washed the cups and tin~ in hot water- and GI soap . His mouth is red from. the juice which ap- l parenllr has an akohol1e effect. months spent in New Guinea. He is home on furlough from a Texas hospital where h has b _ ering from mafaria f=~~r re:i;_ tracted last March. Remembering the boys of the outfit he served with, who are still in the tropical hell of New Guinea, Private Vos dispatched this week what he says is a favorite gift to men overseas, particularly in the South Pacific-a box of cigars. In fact, he sent along four of them. The Heights soldier, graduate of Heights high in 1938, went to camp in October, 1940. He served in Camp Beauregard and Camp Livingston, La., and in Ft. Devons, Mass., before going overseas to Australia. MADE MOUNTAIN TRIP Pope Prays Amid Rome Crowd for End of War 1 1 SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 1943 Hands clasped devoutly, Pope Pius XII prays amid a Rome crowd for the end of the bomblIJ.g of Rome a f\d the end of the w a r-a prayer partially answere4 on Sept. 3 when Italy surrendered. This picture as made as the P op e visited bombed areas of Rome after Allied raids, Aug,.13. .·- ----~~ ~~~~::=::===-----~~-:~i .jJi; -~L~~&~~i-~~ ::(0 -~~~"'o£c:2~;~~~~·~ J:c-~-rli.:t-=-1~ {i .~li;J~~-:~ ~If;_ ~~E ~j~;~~~§~i~:@1 ~e~~~~:2 "•~~~~--~~§E• ~ "J§ t~i ~n••!• - PlioEi~ .~&,"•=~ _:::11-1]~%~!~5~ ;:5~~8 .5&· ~-~t:j~.;~[i~~~OJ ~~ ~---~ c:E•~ E~~"c tc~ C ~ 4J ~ :5 c,;: ~ o ;., g, C: ll.l ~ ~ 1 a. = ~-':' o i::: c ~·=- c ro (/)..., c:: e o r.: :::s _g '- t ..!: c! 'O !:: ~ ~ (t ~~~~~•; ,... :s: ;:: ..C G.I ~ i .E ~ .,, - E--< .k ,;r. ~g5 o .c c ~ E -0 =:.~~:g~-~. ~•~ 5 ~ _S; ~ :- - =-hm l =§'-~ _5 '3·. t-.3 II') 0 en;~g~2--~a&-6~~il§2ae~~~§~imnSf=f~3!~ ~Lt g 0 •-•• • 2~QEEB~igf~2;g Jt :• ~~ Q) �A c anvas water ta n k, built by Army Engineers. is hidden in the jung le. A tank on a trailer is being filled to s up ply wa ter to fr ont lin e troops. l - 17- 't:3 ---- ~ Fuzzy WOzzy Angels J.'any a Mother in Australia, when a days work: is done Sends a prayer to the •lmighty for the keeping of her son Asking that an angel guide him and bring him safely baok Now we see these prayers are answe-ed On the Owen Stanley track for theyhavent any halos Only a hole scratohed in thier ear and their faoes worked by utoos with soratoh pins in their hair. Bring back the badly WOllnded just as steady as a hearse using leaves to keep the rain of And as gentle as a nurse slow and oareful in bad places Onthe awful mountain t~ack, and the look upon their faces \'lould make you think Ohrist was blaok Not a move to hurt the wounded, as they treat them like a saint. Its a picture worth reoording that an artist yet to pain• Many a lad wi 11 see his mother and husband see their wives Just because t he fuzzy wuzzy oarried them to save their lives. From mortars, bombs and machine gun fire a chanoe surprise attach to safty and oare of dootors at the bottom of the taack. May t he mothers of australia when they offer up a pr~er Mention the impromtu angels with the fuzzy wuzzy hair 'l'he Fuzzy \Vuzzy Angels · of Kakoda Track Many a mother in America when the busy day Sei~d~o:~rayer to the Almighty for the keepi!"g A;ti~;r t:~~· an Angel guide him, and to bring N:~;:r:!! ~;i:e -;ayers are answered, on the Owen Stanley track. Though they haven't any haloes, only holes slashed through the ear, . And their faces marked with tattoos and with scratch pins in their hair, . Bringing back the badly wounded, Just as steady as a hearse, Using leaves to keep the rain off, and as gentle Sl~~ aa~:r::reful in the bad places on the awful 0 A~ fu!ai~oira:~n their faces makes us think that Christ was back. Not a move to hurt the carried, as they treat him like a saint, . , It's a picture worth recording, that an artists yet to paint. Many a lad will see his mother, and husbands wee 'uns and wives. . Just because the Fuzzy Wuzzies carried them Fr:;~~ri~:i~~~v~achine gun fire or a chance surprise attack To safety and care of doctors at the bottom of the track. May the mothers in America, when they offer M~~tio~\~:~ impromptu angels with the fuzzy wuzzy hair. I I �17, 1943 Our Boys at Buna Kept on Alert Even While "Resting" stands guard, alert for any enemy surpris~~ilt-~ in a flowing stream. American and A ustralian anti-aircraft gunne1·s, enjoy a bit of n:laxation after taking r~rt in a battle in which 300 Japs were killed. A captured Jap flag is hung as a trophy on the wall. 1-17-'l-.3 EvCn when our soldit:r~ line up for chow, armed guards are posted to keep watch for lurking Japs. Soldiers eat, so to speak, with a spoon m one hand and a gun in the other. �Men in deeply dug emplacement lob a moccar shell over ro the desperately resisting Japanese lines. Two Australians man rhc final conquest of tiny Gona village. Scories of the fighting in this jungle- which looks like a Gauguin painting, sounds like a good-sized earthquake and smells like a charnel house- sound like the battles of che Somme or Passchendaele or Vimy Ridge. All is the same- artillery barrages, sniping, night patrols across no man's land, bayonet charges, enfilading, machine-gun fire. Here, in what these soldiers once thought were the glamorous tropics, are the same old scories of bayonet charges, blinding rushes against Jap pillboxes with walls of timber 7 ft. chick, desperate hurling of grenades. Here are men with stomachs twisted in anxiety crouching around trench parapets, waiting for the zero hour; men on their bellies squirming across the stinking black swamp mud of no man's land, with eene red and white flares painting their muddied faces in weird contortions; men involuntarily flinching at the roaring crash of artillery shells that follows the sheet of lightning and the /licker of guns encircling the black belt of the jungle; men hacking and fighting their way through co establish tiny, desperate! yheld salients. As a general, who himself was using a commy gun co pick off snipers from che treecops , said co mortar, while an American behind them keeps a sharp watch for snipe rs. Soldiers in Bun.l sec tor are a mi xtu re of both na• tions, disposed to fight a bloody, old•style brand of trench warfa re . Th ey ha ve been bearing th e Japanese with these tactics. me: "Damn war's gone old-fashioned on us up here." The Jap is a heartless, stubborn fighter and you've got co be heartless and stubborn co beat him. Physical courage isn't enough. You need mental courage coo co seek out an enemy you can't even see, to go into action along a track down which are moving bloody, bandaged soldiers, co know as you see this long column of men remporarily shattered in everything but spirit that luck goes three ways. If you're lucky you coo will be coming back this way with a grimy dressing slapped over a bloody wound. If you're extra lucky you won't be hit at all. If you're unlucky you won't come back at all. kill or be killed. They know coo chat if the ,laps beat them their only line of retreat is across r 50 miles of the most terrjble mountain jungle country in che world. So they don't intend co be beaten. In this sort of warfare individual example means everything. That's why American generals are exposing themselves night and day, with bullets flying all around them, why full colonels are crouched in muddy front-line trenches alongside buck privates. Morale is upped 100% whenever a scary of a feat of individual gallantry travels from man co man by "grapevine telegraph." When news came chat the Australians on the left flank at Gona had bloodily slaughtered more than 6oo Japs, the Americans cheered and artacked with a ferocity chat swept Jap resistance aside and overwhelmed the strong Jap pillboxes at Buna Creek, which had held up the Americans for days. In fierce hand-co-hand battle the pillboxes were scormed, Jap gun crews slaughtered. One Jap was strangled co death by the bare hands of a big corporal from Chicago. There have been many examples of individt• cl heroism. There's never any flinching That's a grim test for these young doughboys fighting to kill for the first time in their lives, but there's never any flinching as columns of greenclad troops march steadily northward toward the road and the clangor of battle. They know that the Japs are well supplied and dug in so strongly that they must be dug out almost man by man. They know that they muse �"OUT THERE" (continued) The men couldn't help following Captain Harold Hantlernan of Iowa, though they knew the job of tackling Jap machine-gun posts chattering from a belt of trees across a wide grass clearing was the toughest yet. Hantlernan crawled across no man's land with a pocketful of grenades, got underneath rhe timber barricades fronting the Jap guns and tossed over grenade afrer grenade, all rhe time shouting "Come our and fight, you litrle bastards! Come out and fight or we'll come in and make you!" The Japs replied by tossing over grenades themselves, but somehow Hantleman escaped, crawled back to his unit, directed a mortar barrage onto the enemy pillboxes, then led the final assault that took the post at bayonet point. "I told you we'd come in and make you fight," he cried as he emptied a pistol into the last group of Japs still fighting. The story of Sergeant Herman Bottcher, so far Papua's Sergeant York, has already been rold. This 33-year-old, German-born soldier of fortune, a late captain of Spain's International Brigade, established a tiny salient with twelve men right in the Jap positions at Buna, fought off two full-scale counterattacks, killed more than 6o Japs for certain, and probably killed and wounded nearly a hundred more. In the face of terrible fire from the Japs he held his salient for seven days and nights and paved the way for the capture of Buna Village. The quick or the dead on·a jungled tracknearSanananda, where a gallant American patrol held a road block against two ferociousjap counterattacks for many days, it had been quiet for more than an hour. A twig cracked somewhere. A sudden gunflash scabbed the tropic blackness and a bullet whistled and rattled through the thick foliage overhead. The tall green-clad man on guard, his face merely a grey blur against the tree trunk, moved almost with the speed of light. He sprang a few yards to the ocher side of the track, fired a burst from his tommy gun at the place where the Jap rifle had flashed, then with equal speed slipped back to his original position. As he did so a bullet thwacked into the tree from which he'd fired a second before. Private Carl Kelson of New York grinned and whispered, "The quick or the dead." Which is a pretty good slogan for this battle of Buna. Within a few weeks the Americans have gained years of batrle experience. They are now grim, hardened, skillful jungle fighters. They need to be. This battle is nowhere near over. There might be weeks, perhaps months, of bitter bloody fighting ahead. Destroy your opinions of this as a little sideshow. Numbers of men involved and the strategic importance of the objectives are relative things anyhow. The basic fact that counts so far as these youngsters, fighting ro,ooo miles from home, are concerned is that nowhere in the world today are the American soldiers engaged in fighting so desperate, so merciless, so bitter, so bloody. I repeat char word "Nowhere." It's kill or be killed. The quick or the dead. Exhausted Jap soldier captured near Buna is surrounded by his American captors. The hard and bitter fighting around Buna has been due tojaps' fanatical resolve to die before yie-lding an inch of ground. Wounded American is to given attention at a small field dressing Station. Next he will be flown back a basi; hospital behind the Jines. Wound fatalities have been held down in the fighting arountl Duna. �Moving up lo Buna balllefield, the American and Australian troops file through the jungles with heavy packs. These men were flown co advance combat areas from the south, cover the last miles on foot. This particular piece of terrain is much easier to march through than the usual narrow, twisting rrail, ics surface a quagmire filled with hidden roots and branches. "O~l TH[R[" he fighting around Buna, which started out as a local action, has turned into a bloody battle for control of New Guinea. Today's sky is filled with the throb of many aircraft. The air is shuddering with the ceaseless pounding of artillery, the endless rumbling echoes of bombs. A cloud of brown dust and grey smoke hangs almost constantly over the battleground, but the enemy positions, though battered, are still holding out. Lulls in the rattle of machine guns and the cmmp-cmmp-crmnp of mortars cell of watchful breathing spaces, not positional vicrories. Artillery, bombers, fighters and warships have been brought into this fierce battle by the Japs or the Allies or by both, but it's still a war of the infantry soldier pitting his wits or staking his life against another infantry soldier. For the first time in this highly mobile World War II, the tactics of swift movement have given way to the age-old tactics of attrition. I have been watching men fighting in trenches, making .. hop-overs .. across no man's land with fixed bayonets, behind smoke screens laid down by artillery and mortars. This vividly daubed jungle battlefield in the steamy tropic heat, 9° below the equator, is scenically the antithesis of the frozen, tortured mud of Flanders in 1918, bur from a military point of view that's the only suitable comparison. The jungle, scene of ambush, infiltration, new methods of penetration and swift secret movement, has forced the two armies, equipped for mobility, back to the old static trench warfare of 1914-18. "Damn war's gone old-fashioned" in steamy jungles of New Guinea by GEORGE JOHNSTON When Captain Eddie Rickenbacker came home from his Pacific ordeal he brought a message. It was from "out there" in the jungles of Guadalcanal and New Guinea, where he had seen U.S. soldiers fighting Japs: "If only our people back home could know what those boys ore doing for us and for future generations, I think we would take this war much more seriously." ~ In this dispatch from the New Guinea front, LIFE Correspondent George Johoston gives a vivid picture of the fighting "out there." T Trench war in the tropics At the front I've spoken with senior American and Australian officers who have served in both wars, and they themselves are mildly astonished at the sudden change that has come over chis battle for a tropical beachhead. The last war proved chat trench warfare could be fought on! y at che cost of heavy casualties. That still holds true today, a quarter of a century later, on the bloody Papuan beachhead. Allied casualties, mostly wounded, are mounting steadily as piles of Jap corpses roe in the jungles and swamps and on the beaches. On the left flank of our line the Australians, almost overcome by the stench of rotting bodies, have just buried close to 700 Jap corpses killed in the trench vs. pillbox fighting which preceded the �l[NA HOHN[ Young Negro with haunting voice charms New York with old songs GOLDFISH, IN THE PRIVACY OF BOWLS, 00 IT E ach year in New York's alter-dark world ol' supper clubs there appears a girl singer who becomes a sensation o,·ernight. She stands in the middle of a dance floor ina white dress and a soft light,and begins to sing. The room is hushed and her voice is warm and haunting. Iler white teeth gleam, her eyes move back and lorth, and her soltly sung words seem to linger like cigarct smoke. This year tliat girl is Lena.Horne, yow1g Negro who has been appearing at the Savoy-P1aza's Cafe Lounge PEOPLE SAY, IN BOSTON, EVEN BEANS DO IT (see left). Born in Brooklyn, she started her career at 16 by dancing in the chorus of Harlem's Cotton Club Review. Since then she has been heard in night clubs. traveled across the country as Yocalist with orchestras, and appeared briefly in the rcccn t screen version of Panama llattie. Soon she will be featured in the allNegro musical Cabin In The Sky . Singing without a microphone, Lena Horne makes old song favorites sound new and exciting. Delow, with words and ges• turcs, is her treatment of Cole Porter's Let's /Jo It. LET'S DO IT-LET'S FALL IN LOVE 0 1929 8Y HARMS INC., Rtrl!IHTED 8Y SHCIAL PUMLSS\ON 21 �, In the New Guinea Jungle With American Troops and Their Commander . L -AssuC1t1.!.ed Pr'ess Photo A jungle river in New Guinea is spanned with a rough bridge byi:hese "'· S. Army engi-- neers who are opening up new routes for the 'advance of allieC!•forces•.,,,Jlinst the Japs. I -A11sociated Press WJrePnoto The U. S. commander in New Guinea, Lie,ut,-Gen, Robett L. Eichelberger, kneels on a bridge to wash before·!unch. PVT. JOHN W. HALSEY of Stanford University, California, and CORP. JOHN A. ALLMAN, of Horton, Mich., man a ,;,achine gun set up for beach protection at a native village in New Guinea. I - IP - ¥- 3 �~·-Ammunition and Stretcher-Bearers---Photos From the New Guinea Jungle 7) l,,Ui.,d,./ {;._, )I\., }'lt;rt I{ J IJ I r 1 ~ 1° 8-,~.i:--- {/J. y ... Associated P Two U. S. soldiers carry boxes of ammunftion to the front in the Buna area of New Guinea. At the left are loaded machin,e-gun belts. Trained to Defend New Guinea These native constables of New Guinea have completed six months' training by the Australian New Guinea administration unit to fit them for the life of a soldie r, so t hat they wiU be able to help guard their island against possibl~ invasion by the Japanese. ree-s Photo• Natives carry an injured fighter on their shoulders. Tltey are passing an allied machinegun nest in the New Guinea jungle. �New Guinea Adventure (continued) Airmen on boat make friend s with buxom n.tlivcs who came clown lo admire pbne :md the stra nge wh ile men. Tommy gun awes natives who were impressed by its chattering noise. Beca use of excess weight, crew removed all machine guns from plane. llribcs Crew climbed for coconuts wbosc milk ,wis more palflt. able tlrnn biller waler. "Fra nk Buck" is in background. At native village built on stills in wntcr, crew members were given Cood. They were also sold souvenir grass sk irts by the canny natives. Anative catamaran wns used for occasiona l fishing excursio ns nnd trips lo native villa!;C- It was perfect for lnzy sunbat hing. Fishing party returns and moors its boats near "Frank Buck's" win.£!. Fish laskd good nftcr <.'nnnrd bully bed. Native children loved lo pose together for pictures near plane. They w<'re in terested in its SJ)C'('(I and where " Bo~s .:\fon" who made it lived. or bomhrr rrrw nt a cost of 8200 nnd Some girls were shy and ran quickly past plane and it s crew. or tobncco :rnd c:rndy sortc ncd up most of' the shy ones. Steel runway mat was laid by -mo natives under supervision 160 Jb. or twi~t tobacco. CONTINUED ON PAGE JG �AMERICAN ANO AUSTRALIAN PLANES DROPPED FOOD AND SUPPLIES TO CREW OF THE .. FRANK BUCK. " LANDING MAT WAS FERRIED IN 8Y BOAT AND WAS UNLOADED BY NATIVES ADVENT~~[ IN N[W ~~IN[A U.S. pilots save Flying Fortress arly on the morning of Sept. 16, the B-17 "Frank Duck" was heading home for her Australian base after a successfu l night raid on Rabaul. Somewhere •\-er the southern ~cw Guinea coastline. trouble de\·elopcd. In the ll,in, early light, her pilot, Lieut. R. B. Holsey of .\llus, Okla., spotted a desolate beach below and. by a miracle or skill and luck, put her down safoly. Then his worries really began. A Flying li'ortrcss is a precious commod ity on any fightin g front and this one had to be sa\·ed. The main problem was lo lay a steel mat over the soft, short beach so the heavy bomber could take oft'. Incidental problems were brackish waler, scarcity or rood, mala- E Crew members of "Frank Buck" pose in grnss skirts they bought from natives for five 'ihillings ap iece. ThC' plane originally carried a crew or nine. Others were sent back to hombcrhn.'iC' due to food ,;c:1rcity. ria, pythons,sharks, giant rays, mosquitoes, Jap pla11cs and .Jap com mandos in the surroundin g jungles. To help Lieut. Holsey and his crew, an .\ustralian officer landed near the downed Fortress in n. sma ll plane. With him came LIFE Photographer George Strock who, between picture-laking, helped lay the mat, forage ror food and amu~e the friendl y nati ves. :Finall y, on Oct. 2, with tlic plane repaired, 700 ft. or mat laid (some of it in water) and with eve ryone's fingers crossed, the "Frank Huck" thundered clown the makeshift runway and, after an agonizing moment when its left wing dipped into the sea, rose slowly above the jungle trees and flew proudly ha.ck to its base. Natives bring food to b:irter for tobacco and candy from Army's Ration C. Thc'iC baskets held banana", m:rngocs, tomatoC'S, pumpkins, sour oranges, yams :wd 6sb. CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE 27 �~ BOOTY AT BUNA (continued) AN EXHAUSTED AMERICAN SOLDIER falls s~und asleep on the Leach, rtl the foot <'fa tree wl1 ose lop has been shot off by mortar fire. I t is ju.:.t after the tall of Buna 'Mission and the so ldier is not aw~,ke ned by Photographer Strock tak- ing the picture. Said Strock: "This boy was typical of alL. After the battle they jm;t fe ll asleep wherever they ftuppr cl ." �Si\lALL ]AP CARRIAGE is used, after Americans have cap~ hired it, lo Jiaul mtions lo gun positions. The closest American approxinmtion is the wheelbarrow. Jap soldiers gel 82.86 a month. field. IL is 53 in. tall, 9.4 in. in diameter, was probably carried by a. light bomber. The largest-known Jap bomb weighs 2/lOO Jb. Sl\1 \SHED JAI' ZERO PLANE was captured on the old landing strip when the Americans seized it. It had been riddled with bullets and been rather badly camouflaged. l\Iany captured Zeros were recent July 1942 models. Some of the Zeros in good condition may eventually be sent lo the U.S. taler is on muzzle. J.\I' IIISINC SUN FLAC is used as wrapper by Lil\\ rcnce J,alloda of Detroit while he cuts hair of Second Lieut. William Sikkcl Jr. of Holland, l\1icl1. CAPTURED JAP TRUCK looks like a Chevrolet. Possibly ,twas made in U.S. or in Japan under license from General l\lotors. Po~sibly loo it had been captured from British. Because of dependence on air transport, U.S. used no heavy trucks at Buna. Schwartz. Di~hes are still stacked together on ground. At JJuna Japs always had good medical equipment with plenty of <1uinine. JAP "KNEE ~IOH.TAU" is repuled lo be tire,1 from kaee, but American who tric<l lhe trick hroke his leg. It fires a 50-mm. grenade. \Veight · 10¼ lb. co• PACE �------ . ----.---==-==;:=-==---:::·-:-. . . ---"'- -- ��nd * • 1n Action on Leyt ---~'"'1:-1 ision Drives p Line Wedge _:acArthur Pens Enemy Forces Ormoc Area with Road Block • I ENERAL MAC ARTHUR'S HEADQUARTERS, Philippines rday) UP>--Units of the American 24th division have estabdd a strong road block on the Ormoc road, four miles south I Carigara bay on Leyte island, completing their double envelop- 1 t maneuver around remnants of a Japanese regiment, head,arters reported today. A communique mentioned the U. S. 32nd division for the first e in the Philippine compaign, reporting that elements of the ce now are deployed in the sector north of the front Japanese f an,l have driven a deep ge intQ isolated enemy Inceasant artillery fire continued c1u&t,0ints. hls action fa swirling • outh of mon, key village on the mountain ~~a~9le~~!::c ~ 0 !~ °~d::.noamo- po By INTERNATIONAL NEWS Supply column• dispatched from Ormoc by Gen. Tomoyuki Yamashita. to aid his 1trioken forces on northwestern Leyte attempted to br•k through to Limon and were to pound the Japanese in all • ectors while Filth army air force fighters struck once again at Ori:ioc and hit enemy shore fnstallations to the south. Small craft in Ormoc bay, presumably laden ;~t:fe~P troopa, were bombed and In the Du.lag area. on eastern Leyte approximately 30 Jap planes -------------1 G. R.'s Own Regiment Probably at Leyte =~~!elyco=~~~e revealed for the lint time that the 32nd dlvl1lon bad been fiunr Into the battle of Leyte, making • total of four dlvi• lona now Oftlclal announcement by Gen. MacArthur that element• of the 32nd division are fightIng In the Phlllpplne1 conftrmecl beliefs of many Grand Rapida famllle11 who•e relatives are Red Arrows. It Is conslderecl likely here tbat: •ome members of Grand Raplds' own regiment, the 128th, are enpged ln the bat. tie of Leyte. Recent letten from 128th vet.erana told ol new lnnoculatk>l!• &D4 hinted known to be on tbe liland on which Yamashita"• forces are ~ a desperate atand to a (oothold. UICIDE" CHARGES FAIL outheast of the Limon battle e, dismounted cavalrymen of the ,tat division and element.I of the h mopped up pockets of J ap ststance in the newly captured Sma~l J p t. Mtm,ro-Dadlan partiea made suicidal "b ' charge• in some areaa and were completely wiped out. On the co, 11t road south of Or- ar.,._ Arelnvadedl Encircle Foe on Leyte; Yanks Mop Up Mapia Allied Headquarters, Philippines -<U.PJ-American landing partiesi completing occupation of the Mapia islands off northwest New Guinea, have jumped 215 miles to the west and invaded the Asia group to knock off another Japanese warning post on the born.bing route to the Philappines, it was announced Monday. The four-day conquest of the Mapias and new landings in the Asias were disclosed as other American forces on Leyte in the central Phi1ippines tightened their encirclement of the remnants of a Japanese force of 3,000 in the Limon pocket. Jap Casualties 53,000, American troops on Leyte already Filipinos Clear Way for Sniper Hunt • gulf. Only slight resistance was en• countered by the small American }anding parties which pushed ashOre Sunday in the Asia islands, 130 miles north o! northwest New Guinea and 800 miles southeast of New Guinea. Leyte. I i On Leyte the Japanese moved up additional tanks and artillery for new attempts to break through the American road block south ot Limon to relieve their trapped forces. One counter attack Friday was repulsed after a bloody threehour battle. The 32nd division struck deeper Into the center of the pocket in a frontal advance down the Limon• Ormoc highway. Torrential rains continued to slow the American offensive. (Radio Tokio claimed the 32nd division had been pinned against the north coast of Leyte and "com~ pletely Isolated:'") Yanks Take Ship Toll. American motor torpedo boats blocking Ormoc sank two enemy torpedo boats. !our barges and a coastal vessc: attempting to run in reinforcements and supplies. Fighter planes sank five more barges and a coastal freighter. MacArthur listed Japanese ground casualties In the I first month of the Leyte campaign as 45.000. Including 10.000 killed or wounded in the past week alone. A spokesman said 8.000 additional troops had been wiped out in an abortive attempt to land reinforce-· ments at Ormoc Nov. 10. American casualties, MacArthur said, v.--ere 1,133 men killed, 126 mlssin& and 4,432 wounded for a grand total of 5,691-approxl• mately one-tenth of tboae of the ellflJl7 _ \lov., _., t' their campaign there at a cost of :!i~~ d~!~.~:•:m:~~•d ~o~:r ~~ 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - were alight. Asia Isles Douglas MacArthur reported. A Japanese communique said Jap planes sank three American transports Saturday and damaged and set afire four othern Friday and 1 Saturday in actions in the Leyte heroic et.ands at: Buna and I \\-?.o -'-/ 5,691 casualties of their own, Gen, atonr the northern 1hore of counter attack at Tabgas, only 11 attacked American ground inatallamilea below the •nemy-held town. tions at duak. They were intercepted by our air patrols and in the ensuing 1ky battle 15 of the enemy planes were shot down and five more were bagged by antiaircraft batteries. American lo111es .U.S. Malies New Pacific Landings j:__ had killed or wounded 53.000 Jap• anese troops in the first month of of lmDilnffs- ~ for new battlellelcla following- the I *** -Ii \'\:;.'.t.""" �-~---- ----- They Got Their Man, a Jap, Alive Soldier~ from Muskegon and Bailey are among this commando group comprised of an officer and 1~ enlisted men of the 32nd division, somewhere in New Guinea. They were given the order to "bring back a 1ive Ja~." Under cover of darknes·s they ]anded in Jap-held territory, ambushed an enemy patr~l of 15 Nips and got their man, returning him to headquarters. This picture was ~ade upon their- return and after they had removed their greaspaint. Standing, second from left, 1s _Pvt .Earl Vannetten, of Muskegon, and kneeling, fifth from left, is Sgt. Lauren Brown, of Bailey.-<U. S. Army Signal Corps photo.) -- \- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Two former Co. G men from Muskegon, S/ Sgt. Lauren A. Brown and Pfc. Earl Vannetten, rec.e.n.Uy invaded a Jap stronghold jn N'ew Guinea as a member of a task group assigned to "bring back a live Jap." How they were successful dur1ing the thrilling adventure, is reported to The Chronicle from general headquarters of the SouthConduct of the 32nd division in west Pacific area, as related there t h e vicinity of the Driniumor rivby Second Lt. A1bert P. Pollicl<, / er, British New Guinea, has Pottstown, Pa., in command. The 1brought congratulations from Gen. group resorted to amphibious travel,. camouflage dress and comman- [ MacArthur and Gen. Krueger. To do · tactics to achieve their mission. 1 these have been added a message of commendation from Maj. Gen. Jled Arrow divfaion headquarters ·w. H . Gill, commanding officer needed definite information only a Of the divisio n, prisbner could provide. Previous "By your skill and courage you attempts of inland patrols had been h a".e broken all organized enemy futile, as the cornered Japs would r esistance in this area and have commit hari-kari by releasing a decisively defeated the 18th Imhand grenade against their abdoperial Japanese army,'' Gill's mesme11s trilther than HJose face" by sage 1·eads in pad. "No greater capture. reward could come to a field comThe group, selected from numermander than to command you ous volunteers, boarded a boat a g;iin in an operation against anearly Thursday evening, Mar 25, other Japanese army, which is now and reached the destination picked my sincere wish." with the aid of maps and aerial , He concluded by expressing his photostats about 10 p. m. They p ride in each member of the divi~ climbed into rubber boats about 800 sion which has fought so well Yards offshore, with Sergeant sin ce the outset of ground combat Smith in charge of th<! No. 1 boat in t.he Pacific area_ in which Private Vannetten wlra also. Half of the men were in the other craft. They paddled as noiselessly a~ ~ _ ~ _ _ pos?ible .to shore where they,. had Brown, "imagine a gang ot. cut- s~eding down the beach toward noticed lights, but ha~ bareJy land- throats like that not being 8.bJe to tbe landing place, but too late. ~d when th~y were discovered. All sleep for worryin' about us." How"It happened so neat and fast lights vamshed and an uproar ever, after reporting to a mem- we didn't have time to get scared surged from the. Japs. Two barges ber of General W. I-I. Gi11's staff, We all felt pretty good on the waY were seen puttm,g out to cut off at headquarters, the officer and back, for although every one of escape, hence the commandos had his group was allowed another try. the fellows has at least one dead to embark f~st. Two nights later they went back Jap to his credit, this was the first It was a d1scou~aged bunch w~o and landed less than 200 yards time any ot us . ever took one ~ound most of their company wait- from their first landing point, alive," Lieutenant Pollick 5 ~ id. mg for them at the beach. rather than to try an unfamiliar Celebrate Feat "Yah," ex c 1 aimed Sergeant spot. As they ca·me ashore they Back on the boat they all ccledetected a chatt€ring .Jap patY;ol brated with hot coffee, singing and Red Ar~9,~~fgain Are Commended \~tJ; ~~~in;hoT~id~'~p~~:1 ':~~t:~.e only ;i:~ifo~c:i~tre~:~~~ ;1~~:e:s crouched in the darkness behi1id a wrecked Jap barge. Surprise Enemy When only 10 yards away, Lieutenant Pollick gave the signal, "Rush,'' and they an dived at the patrol's center, waving clubs and knives,. but making as little noise as possible. There were about 15 of · the enemy, all carrying rifles, but they were so surprised they "froze" in their tracks momentar• ily. Sergeant Brown and Pfc. Edward H. Henson, E. Prairie, Mo., downed one of them with flying tackles and S/Sgt. Wesley L. Smith, Los Angeles, Calif., and Private Vannetten lowered another. The other Japs by this time realized what was happening, dropped their rifles and fled. The two captives resisted being put in the boats so strenuously that one had to be killed. The Ql:her one quieted down then, and they sh oved out to sea ll1Q; only one wounded was Sergeant Brown, whose fist was cut badly . . He claimed he did not know how it happened, but his comrades suspected that Japanese teeth had got in the way. The son of Mrs. Hattie Brown of Bailey, Sergeant Brown, was announced recently here as having been awarded a Purple Heart, and cited for a Silver Star. Private Vannetten, son of Mrs. Anna Masterson, 1722 Mona avenue, Muskegon Heights, was with the group which marched over the Owen Stanley ·mountains, got ma-1 laria and recovered in Australia before going back into action. ~ ~\ ;-- From Ba tt legro unds to Tennis Courts 'o6~* Tennis is going to be one of Sergeant Jack DeZeeuw's chief cupations fo~ the next 21 days as he relaxes after 27 months of over~ seas ~uty with the 126th regiment. His sister, Mrs. Edward Broek~t.ra,. intends ~o see that nothing interferes with his happiness until its time for him to report for duty again, i ~· One of His 10 Sisters Surprises Vet of 126th The long montha of waiting for front lines, Before entering the her brother, Sergeant Technician service he waa employed by the Jack De Zeeuw of the 126th in- Consum~rs Power company here. fantry, to come home from the ~e will spend his furloug~ with ·i. M1 s. Broekstra-between trips to far-off south Pacific had a sur- the lake shore-and in August w\ll 'O prise ending !or Mrs. Edward report at Fort Sam Houston, Tex: n Broekstra, 843 Watkins st., SE. . In fact, it was a surprise for Jack, too. Knowing that the last lap of his 12.000-mile trip might be a dusty one, he carefully did not let his famlly know wheu to expect him, hoping for a chailce to clean up a bit before he burst in on them. But a lucky hunch sent his sister to the Union depot late Wednesday night to meet the train . . • so he had a royal welcome after all, even though he wasn't as spick-and-span as he had wanted to be for the occasion. In the group meeti:r'rg him were several more of his 10 sisters, an of whom plan to devote the next 21 days to making Jack's longawaited furlough a happy one. Cooking his favorite meals and keeping his clothes in the pink of condition will be a pleasure to them. As far as his own plans are conrcerned, -au he wan1s · ·1s a chance to "work out on the tennis court and make as many trips to the Lake Michigan beach as possible." Sgt. De Zeeuw, who celebrated his 25th birthday last Saturday, served as a radio operator with the headquarters company of the 126t1J,, and saw action in the Euna, ; Saidor and , Aitape campaigns, sometimes only 100 yards from the .,.,,, �Gwilll··"r't Wear \\-?.\ Division Makes Steady Progress Against Foe in Limon Sector Hack ~Jap \ • Line on Isle l GENERAL ¥A~ ART~·s HEADQUARTERS, Philippines Tuesda?) ~>-Grim American infantrymen of the 32nd division re mak,~&: steady p~ogress" in reducing strongly fortified Japf nese positions near Lunon, at the northern end of Leyte Island's , rmoc corr1d?r, headquarters reported today. ~ 1 The American road block across Ormoc highway south of 111_on stiU ?olds, despite heavy Japanese attack. The · 1)'1rst d1vmon, aided by artillery and armor, is attem :i., break through the trap enfolding them around Limon. , ,. The Yanks repulsed a~....,, enemy counter-attack west Ormoc road, where a three-ho \\ -1~-'t 'T - - Leyte Yanks Knock Out Enemy fostallations (By Asi.oc1ated Press.) American infantrymen Wednes• day knocked ~ut Japanese de• fenses on northern Leyte island piece by piece as official commu• niques 8.dded t.o the mounting enemy losses of men, ships and planes in the western Pacific. Fresh units of the 32nd division relieved pressure on the battleweary 24th infantry after it. had smashed back a strong enemy attack on a road block across Ormoc highway. Limon Siege Continues. The 32nd division is subjecting Limon, Japanese stronghold, _to steady pressure and Nipponese m• stallations are being put out of commission steadily. Gen. MacArthur's communique said "the enemy has committed his 1st division in a desperate ef• fort" to hold its bastion at Limon. The Japs are believed prepared to sacrifice the whole division. The Americans have occupied all strategic positions in the north except Limon itself. There has been some infiltra• tion of the American lines, but in most instances these small en• emy parties have been ht\nted down and destroyed. These fil· terinll_ tactics, .together \vith ty• phoo.;7wreck~d roads, have added to the American supply problem. Using Leyte Airbases. American· heB.vy bombers are now operating from Leyte bases, MacArthur disclosed in announc• ing a Japanese light cruiser was blown up at the Brunei naval base ' and another sizable warship badly damaged in the third strike by American Liberators within four days at the )Jig Borneo harbor. The second ship, returning air• men said, was possibly a light cruiser. In previous strikes reported by MacArthur another cruiser, a battleship and a destroyer were hit. Other planes sweeping over Mindanao and the Visayan islands of the Philippines probably sank a 3,000-ton merchant ship, wiped out five Nipponese planes and cratered runways of airfields. Revised figures announced by Adm. Chester W. Nimitz raised to 126 the number of Japanese air. craft destroyed by 3rd fleet carrier planes in a slashing assault on Manila Saturday. Previously it had been announced that 118 had been aestroyed, 100 of them on the ground. Three merchant vessels lying in the harbor were set afire. Nimitz also disclosed that nearly 9,000 more Japanese \\"ere killed or captured by United States ma• rines and soldiers mopping up in the Marianas and western Caro• line islands. A tota\ of 63,388 dead . enemy troops have been counted and 3,267 taken prisoner on Sai• 1 pan, Guam and ':!-'inian of the Marianas and Pelehu and Angaur of the Palau group. I YANKS TAKE LIMON ON LEYTE-United States troops have taken Limon and driven to the Leyte River, and Japs are being mopped up near Pinamopoan and Capoocan. American aircraft (plane symbol) bombed Jap supply dumps and barracks at Ipil, while light naval units sank enemy craft off the Camotes Islands (A). Limon Victory Eases Yank Task on Leyte MacARTHUR'S HEAD QUA R· TERS Philippines, Nov, 24.-{JP)Mud-siogging American infantrymen lunged southward from Limon today after capturing that bastion of the Japanese Yamashita Line in the climax to the longest and bitterest fighting of the entire Leyte Island campaign. The Japanese 1st Division has been virtually destroyed, Gen. MacArthur said in aJtnouncing that the Yankee 32nd had smashed into and through Limon Thursday after a typhoon•slowed battle that had re• mained fairly static for two weeks. Easier country lies ahead, but it was emphasized that this does not mean the heavy fighting is over. The terrain is such that the Japa• nese will be able to make defensive stands and force the battle•worn American doughboys to dig them out of machine•gun nests and pill• boxes. Gen. MacArthur In his com• munique said the victory at Limon may res.ult in the ~olling. up of ::ic;n:tree e:ea:yas~~~~ntmi~ ~i~ fight to hold Leyte. FIGHT STARTED oar. 25 The communique said the Ameri .. cans had advanced 1,000 yard., south of Limon and had reached the nearby Leyte River. It fell to units under Col. Joh11 A. Hettinger, of Colorado Springs. Colo., to break down the last re• sistance in the battle for the mount.ainous defile leading into the Ormoc corridor. The fight started after the Japanese had landed heavy reinforcements at Ormoc Oct. 25. The op• posing forces-great in number for this type of warfare-launched almost simultaneous attacks. The weight of American arms threw the enemy off balance and forced him to take the defensive. In his communique announcing the victory MacArthur credited Yankee artillery and superior infantry fire power with inflicting ' 1terrific losses." It was the second time MacArthur had announced the virtual 1 destruction of a Japanese division. Earlier he had reported the destruction of t:tie ,Japanese 16th, which had played a leading part at Bataan. PLANES AND SllIPS HELP American warplanes ranged the air and dealt other damaging blows. Heavy bombers blasted supply dumps at Ipil, south of Orrnoc, and destroyed large warehouses. Fighter planes wrecked a Japa• nese motor pool and strafed com-. munication lines below Valencia, about 12 airline miles south ot Limon. Light naval units maintained vigilance against any enemy effort to land reinforcements or supplies, sinking a small freighter, two luggers and three troop•laden barges off the Camotes Islands. Enemy air action was inSignificant, MacArthur said, and American patrols shot down one plane. On another sector, Elmont Waite, Associated Pre s s correspondent, said that units commanded by Lieut.-Col. Isaac Gill, Jr., of Rhode Island, had advanced south from Pinamopoan, on the west side of the Ormoc road, almost reaching that highway. ?>renchinC rains, - which I I • I 1 Are on Leyte 1, -\i ·'-\"'t - - - Jungle Veterans Facing Bittere,st Battles Gen. MacArthur's Headquarters, Philippines-UP}-The famous 32nd (Red Arrow) division, veteran of sopie of the toughest fighting in , the southwest Pacific jungles, still may have its bitterest battles ahead, it was indicated Saturday in Gen. Douglas MacArthur's an• nouncement that it had been thrown into action on Leyte island. Made up largely of Michigan and Wisconsin men who have been· overseas nearly three years, the LOCAL MEN MAY BE THERE. Although many Grand Rapids and western Michigan soldiers who left with the 126th infan• try have returned froni the south Pacific area after action, others are believed to be with the 32nd division in its new action. The western Michigan regiment's makeup had under· gone many changes in personnel even before going to duty in Australia, but it is likely there still are many of the original personnel with the outfit in its present action. Red Arrow division 8.lready has made some advances in the Ormoc road sector, MacArthur said. It is the fifth division to enter the struggle for Leyte. Much of its personnel has changed, but it remains one of the best known trouble shooters in the Pacific. On the way to the Philippines Ja anese I ta some rans art carryip~ ed Arrow troops there were no loss.es. The division earned its first bat• tle flags in this war in the fantastic Papuan campaign when it marched over the Ow<en Stanley mountains to wipe out a large Japanese force at Buna, New Guinea. The fighting there was regarded as among the heaviest of the war up to that time. At Saidor the division found the Japs a little easier, but at Aitape the Red Arrows met the Japs head-on as the enemy attempted to break out of the now-famous Wewak trap. Formerly under the command of Maj. Gen. Edwin F. Harding, the 32nd sow is led by Maj. Gen. Wil• lia,m .}f. Gill of. Denver, Colo. bloody battle was reported in y terday's communique. Leyte•based American ftghtera at tacked enemy communication Un and installations throughout the Ormoc corridor. Thirty.five enemy fighters and divebombers ineff'ectlvely raided American positions. Seven wer& ~hot down by tlghtera and anti• aircraft fire. TYPHOON STRIKES AGAIN Another tropical typhoon with continuous rains, lashed the' battle area. Brld&"es have been washed out, streams flooded and road1 :ii:. ~te:=i; !:°e':is::~~s by ground and sea is "fraught with great difficulty and ha2ar4 and battle condition• are becoming static." The Japanese were reported 111 frontline dispatch yest&~ to Ilnflltrat.lng American posit.teas northern Leyte, around Lhnon near Carigara bay, more than. ~ miles northward. Small enemy force• attaeke4 near Plnamopoan, more than two miles north and In the rear of Limon, where a condderable Nipponese force Is trapped, and also east of Plnamopoan. Both attacks were repulsed. .JAP CASUALTIES Gen. Douglas MacArthur'• Monday communique reported enemy casualties in the ground llghtlng on Leyte b the llrat month al!. battle had passed 45,000. American casualties :were placed at 1,133 killed, 126 missing and 4:,432 wounded. a total of 5,691. The high ratio of enemy casualties was ascribed to the deployment of Yank artillery and t,be by passing and envelopment tactics used so successfully by the liberation forces. . Landing of Allied force• In the Asia island group, 130 milea off the northwe• t tip of New GUinea. and completion of the occupation of the Mapla islands in the same are were announced by MacArthur, Occupation of the small Asia Islands apparently was for the same purpose as that of the Mapla groupto remove enemy observation out-- I I ! posts. �lffurl Japs Back • Leyte Battle ,n Limon Assault, Costly to Enemy; 32nd Division ClosinCJ on Town \\-l.l.·'t''I' By HOWARD HANDLEMAN Int.ernatlonal News Service Staff Correspondent GENERAL MAC ARTHUR'S HEADQUARTERS, Philippines (Wednesday)-Veteran American infantrymen have hurled back three desperate enemy counter-attacks against the block astride tire Onr.oc road near Limon with severe losses to tne J aps, Gen. MacArthur disclosed today, and are now but a few hundred yards from the town. The three attacks occurred in the period thro~gh Nov. 20. Meanwhile, bloody fighting continued to rage through the block ha• been amB.Qled, despite \ Ormoc valley head with the Yanks n.ttacking ''piecemeal" in now but a short distance from the the tact that the en-.my bu concentrated art!llery fire Oil It. an area where opposing lines a:e 0 so close and confused that _art1It~~~~:~l;~r our troops 18 all Over 200 Jap dead were counted following the last of the three assaults which was beaten off by the wester~ arm of the pincers slowly squeezing in on elements . of the trtirit;! ~n::: YF~:t a:!~is~~n: io 0 . a h . vis n are stepping up ~ eir pressure against besieged Limon, and are ~e;r ;~;;:~c:ng. :nt~i;gde~~~~i;!iffJa~:~ Heavy pillbox fortifications and rough terrain are aiding the Japs, ;nd :~vT momentarily blunted the ;?he r evne;my counter thrusts, launched in a tropical typhoon was not unexpected. ' American commanders in the fteld h~d eipected just such an assault since the Japs once previousJy counter-attac~ed guerrilla fo1..:es on the island during a. raging typhoon long before the' American liberation army landed a month ago on Leyte. USE CRACK DIVISION The Japs threw their Imperial First division headlong into battle in an effort to retain their hold on the critical Limon area at the northern end of Ormoc valley. A reinforced Jap regiment ts A1l the late,t Jap offense agalnat the road block was hurled back with additional enemy casualties to the previously announced 4!'i,OOO on ' Leyte, the doughboys of the 32nd exerted further pressure on the en~ emy bastion at Limon. .,Units of the 32nd division are r maintaining unrelentless pressure" on the enemy troops trapped at Limon, the communique said, SEEK .JAl'S OUT i~e Meanwhlle, to the west Yank • of th• 24th division combed the area west and aouth ot Capoocan on cariga.ra. bay of Jap forces which infiltrated behind American line • but un • uccesstully tried to sneak into th • American command post, artll· lery po• ltton• and supply dumps. 1 p:~\°:; -:~:r~!!t~ 96: ~~:i:::::a.:: !~:f!1~~ f!e~il;o:~1:e~ d~~!:::., ward through dense mountain trails ha! compelled the doughboys to• toward ~rmoc, an isolated Jap time consuming, piecemeal destruc- strong po nt was crushed. tlon of enemy pill boxes, MacArSouth of ormoo on Leyte'I' west' thur's Wednesday morning ccu::a,- coast, the Seventh division veterans munique reported. of Attu and Kwajalein easily re1 pulsed & small counter-attack. LOSSES SMALL I \ By this cautious approach on tlfo enemy entrenchments, Yank lossls are being held to a minimum. . "The enemy has committed h1~ First division in a desperate effdllt to retain this critical position," t: ~ communique said. "Relieving forces have again been bloodily repulsed and swept back tn a desperate effort to break our road block in its rear.'" The Japs have hurled several attack!l at the strongly forti!i~d road block which has p1·evented the ' enemy from sending reinforcements and supplies to the trapped regiment at Limon. \ Every Jap attack on the road A tragic preview of his own fate Is contained In the photo above, the last one taken by the late Frank Prist, Jr., ace war photographer ot Acme Newspictures-NEA Service, who, 30 minutes later, was instantly killed at the wheel of his jeep by a J ap sniper on Leyte Island. The photo shows the body of an American lnfant»1fflan lying beside his jeep after being killed by Jap mortar fire, ju;t:,:::r~:i:~:io~i~c~~~r:~~~~ the Seventh bas reached a point approximately ten mile • south of Ormoc • Progress on al~ fronts has been • lowed to a snail• pace because of the typhoon which lashed the lBland, with continuous rain turning all roads into "waterways.'' Streams are running bank-full and in many instances have overflown, turning the surrounding area into quagmires of mud.. Liberator bombers, ataglne through Leyte airfield•, hit hard at Jap supply and shipping install&· ttons at Palompon on the Island's west coast, northwest of Ormoc. �.... on Smasht *, * * 112,728JapsDie In Ley~e Victory a. I I -lliz-'!:':f: Red Arrow Presses On -tt. Battle Ended as Yanks.~torm, Capture Palompon Christmas Day, MacArthur Reveals \\ •;,5 32nd Division Pushes Japs Back Halt Mile to Leyte River (By Assoclated Press) A Christmas morning surprise for Japan 'fn-the form of an amphibious invasion of Palompon harbor brought the bloody 67-day Leyte-Samar campaign to an end except for moppitig-up operations, and Gen. Douglas MacArthur Tuesday hailed "perhaps the greatest defeat in the military annals of the Japanese army." The United States 77th division, moving up from Ormoc into Pa- !•· Iompon, the enemy's last remaining port on Leyte, stormed ashore under covering fire from patroltorpedo boats and artiilery. The Japanese, caught between th~se ,troops and others moving overland, could offer only token resistance, 77th's Christmas Gift. By nightfall of Christmas day Maj. Gen. A. D. Bruce, commander of the 77th, messaged headquarters: 41 The 77th infantry division's Christmas contribution to the Leyte campaign is the capture of Palompon." The magnitude of this first phase of the Philippines liberation was reflected in MacArthur's announcement that 112,728 Japanese had been killed and 493 captured 0n Leyte and nearby Samar island. The Americans lost 2,623 killed, 8,422 wounded and 172 missinga total of 11,217. "The enemy's ground forces participating in the campaign ha\'e been virtually annihilated," MacArthur declared. Some of Nippon's best troops were committed to the defense of Leyte, which Tokio considered ''the decisive bat- 1 tle for our homeland." 2,748 Jap Planes Destroyed. Further, the triumphant communique said, 2,748 enemy planei ~:~~= THE GRAND RAPIDS PRESS i7n:~~~~~ ~~!trl~;~e and a total of 27 warships and 4'l transports sunk as 10 convoys seeking to reinforce the besieged Leyte garrison were smashed. The totals did not include enemy losses in the naval battle of Leyte gulf Oct 25. In'vasion of the east coast of Leyte involved the ~ost power.f;-11 carrier force used m any Pac111c operation. The fate of the campaign hung in precarious balance early Oct. 25 when Vice Adm. Thomas C. Kinkaid's 7th fleet met and defeated a Japanese battle force in the largest fleet action of the war in any theater. Then the Americans fought inland and around to the northeastern shoulder of the island and on Dec. 8 secured a grip on the west coast by landing daringly in Ormoc bay. They seized the port of Ormac three days later. Sealed off at Ormoc the Japanese had to depend for reinforcement on Palompon. Its seizure ----.._ _.,..... meant the end of the Leyte camp~ign for .Ja pa.n. Breaks Down Jap Losses. In the last week or so Japanese dead have been picked up at a rate of 1,500-.to 2,000 a day, so furious was the fighting. MacArthur's announcement of 112 728 Japanese killed on the two isla~ds was broken down into 54,338 abandoned dead, 18,500 estimated dead not yet collected, about 30,000 troops drowned in the destruction of reinforcement convoys and 9,890 crewmen aboard these sh~~!~n combat divisions-the 7th, 77th, 24th, 32nd, 96th, the 1st cavalry and 11th air-borne--were committed to the operation in addition to army engineers, :1avy se.abees, aviation construct10n units and supply forces. Carrier planes of the 3rd and '!th fleets the 5th airforce and marme air u~its provided direct air sup- LEYTE CARRY WOUNDED FROM FRONT--8even members of an army litter squad'° ease a wounded Yank down a steep slope on northwestern Leyte island, Phillpplnes, as they head for an evacuation hospital three miles away. (AP wlrephoto from algnal corps.> 1 vcg!· Mindoro island to the north- · west invaded Dec. 15, the Japanese furnished little opposition either on the ground or in the a.ir, but American bombers and fighters were active. By HOWARD HANDLEIIIAN GEN, MAC ART HUB'S HEADQUARTER•s, PHILil'PINES (INS) - American Infantrymen, with Limon llrmly in their hands after one ot the bloodiest battles of the Leyte campaign, smashed down the more favorable terrain of the Ormoo corridor FrldaY-ill. .a drive that threatens to roll up the entire Yamashita line. Troops of the Thirty-second divi• sion ended the two weeks' stalemate• by cracking the northern anchor of the line at Limon and pushed a half mile beyond to t'tla Leyte river. Heavy casualties were intlicted on the Japanese force• and the Jap First division virtu• ally annihilated in a series of local actions. heavily supported by dead• Jy American artillery fire. SEIZE LOG BRIDGE Hard-hitting Yanks seized a log bridge on the Leyte river, a atream which forms a natural border line i between the mountainous terrain at the head of the Ormoc valley and the rolling country to the south which will give American forces a far greater freedom ot action. However, the valley offers several favorable defensive post• tions to the Japaw~se, who are fighting fanatically to protect the town of Ormoc, their last major defensive center on Leyte. Gen. MacArthur, indicating the importance of the American gains. declared the Japanese have been forced to abandon "a critical d• fensive line at a mountainoua defile with open rolling terrain farther south in the Ormoc corridor. The whole Yamashita line ill in danger of being rolled up." �Yanks in San Fabian, First Luzon Town Taken Capt. Rufus Home Unscathed Private Walter Plallka, Bed Arrow veteran (right), polnt11 out the bulre In the tummy or his teddy bear mascot Rufus to hi• brother, Corporal Joaeph Pluka, veteran of the African campaign, to prove . that Rufus didn't lo.., any of his sawdust In the rurced ft&'btlnr at Buna, Saldor and other campaigns or the 32nd. Rufuo baa lhoe button eyes and. wears a corduroy 1ult with a GI necktie, Natt,·es mlnrle with American troops In front ot the municipal ball at San Fabian, 8nt town on Lnoon laland or the Phlllpplneo to he recaptured by Gen. Hac~ur'a forces, (AP WJrephoto from Stena! Corps Blldlophoto), plus a I captain'• bars. RED ARROW MASCOT'S WAR DAYS END From Gutter to Fame Capt. Rufus, corduroy-clad was quite a promotion, for he h ad been a buck private. Pvt. Pluka was 32 months and nine days oveneas. Cpl. Pia.ska was 18 months in Africa and saw service during the Algerian and Tunisian fighting. He has been in • ervice three years and now is stationed at Camp Lee, Va., where he ·returned Tuesday. The current reunion of the PJaska brothers was the second alnce they met at Camp Roberts April 20, 1942. They a r u the sons of Michael Pluka. The Plaska family retrlmmed a Christmas • e tor the boys after the original one fell apart. It wa• a epeeJlt request tnade in telegrams sent by Pvt. Pluka from San Franclaco and Chicago, teddy bear mascot that cam.. palgned with the 32nd diVlaion in the 11outhwest Pacific, ts home from the wan with his muter, Private Walter Plaska, 31, Red Arrow veteran, ot 624 Fremont ave., NW. And he was as aurprised a • Pvt. Walter when Corporal Jo• • eph Plaaka, 28, veteran of the African war theater, greeted them In the Pluka home. The latter wu home on an emergency furlough to He hi • wife, Mary, In Butterworth hoopltal recovering from an operation. + + + Re• cued from the gutter of a New Orlean• • treet on New Year'• eve, 19"1, by Pvt. Pluka, Rufua wu christened in the presence of no leu a penonage than Don Faurot, former Unlvenity of MlHOUri football coach, now in the service. "Rufus wu my con• tant companion through the fighting in Saldor, Buna, Altape and Ea • t Indle•, '' the private • a.id, "and now he' • to be retired to the care of "my family here.'' - ----- 0 CE AN. f - SOUTH • + + When Rufuo arrived In SydAuotralla. Pvt. Pluka ao• erted, the tiny mucot wa • much the worae for ht • long joumey, and "I took him to a department etore where they referred me to the up'1ol1tery department." What a tran • formatlon after the girl1 there ftn• labed with him!" He came out re-etuffed with a complete enaemble Including a • le captain'• bars, which PACIFIC 1 100 \ 'ASKS RETURN TO Lt:ZON-A great American in,,asion army, led personally by Gen. Dourla• MacArthur, 'luesday established four beachheads in the Lingayen area and Wednesday were reported to have oeized oeveral towns and to have driven inland toward the broad plain• tha$ lead ooutb toward Manila. The American force• were reported utrlde blrbwayo couverclnr en Manila mm the nortb. �r Cold (U. S. Bureau Report Page 2,) HOURLY TE)IPERATURES 6 I 7 I s I 9 I 10 I 11I1211 1 11 I 1s I 19 I 20 I 21 I 23 I 23 II 2:1 FIFTY-THIRD TfteL~tJ,Fand Ral)ids Press YEAR TWO SECTIONS SECTION ONE GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. I THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 1, 1945.-24 FOUR PAGES CENTS Co,n,nandos Free 513 B taan, Other Prisoners From (By C. YATES McDANIEL) Gen. MacArthur's Headquarters, Luzon-(JP)-Men of Bataan, Corregidor and Singapore - 513 of them - were snatched from under the muzzles of Japanese guns Tuesday night in an exploit of unmatched daring. (The liberated prisoners included Cpl. Frank C. Potyraj of 320 Lane-av., S. W., Grand Rapids,) Some 400 picked men of the 6th Ranger battalion and Filipino guerrillas made a commando raid 25 miles behind Japanese lines to empty a prison camp at Cabanatuan, thereby partly fulfilling one of the Philippine objectives closest to Gen. MacArthur's heart. They took Japanese guards by surprise and rescued 486 Americans, 23 British, 3 Netherlanders and 1 Norwegian - all that were left in the prison camp in N'ueva Ecija. province of eastern Luzon. · Many more hundreds of able-bodied war prisoners had been sent to work camps in Japan. Hundreds of others had died. TWO DIE AFTER RELEASE. All but two of the men were brought out alive by the 121 men of the Rangers who stormed into the prison stockade under command of Lt. Col. Henry Mucci of Bri.ort, Conn. The Rangers attacked with such merciless precision that not one of the Japanese stockade guards was left alive or able to resist. And they attacked with such care that not one of the prisoners was scratched. Within a matter of minutes all had been released and were on their 25-mile journey to freedom, walking1 carried on backs of husky Rangers or riding in carabao carts. Nearly 100 were so weak from malnutrition, sease and wounds that they could not walk when they were cut loo from bondage. The rescue cost the lives of 27 Rangers and F ipinos who fought off a savage tank-led Japanese attack along the ntire return trip. The raiders killed 523 Japanese - more t n one for every prisoner released - and knocked out 12 enemy t ks. This first mass liberation of allied prisoners of ar in the western Pacific was accomplished by an all-night forced arch east of the central Luzon plains where the United States 6th rmy has made iis deepest penetration. LIBERATORS DECORATED,, The commando raid, ordered on short noticthen intelligence reports disclosed whereabouts of the camp, was ch a success that Gen. MacArthur decorated every man in the fore, I It was the last of many marches for the rescued men - marches which began with the brutal "death march of Bataan." The freed men showed their happiness, despite their sores and ulcers, wasted bodies and ragged clothes. Some looked helplessly up from litters. Others were proudly erect. There were old men with grey hair and dazed, sunken eyes. Some were surprisingly young and almost at their normal weight. Others were limp from beri-beri. Their shirts were tattered. Shorts we:r;e patched and repatched. Several officers still proudly wore their emblems of rank. There were battered campaign hats, overseas caps and one prewar-type helmet. But no men ever tried more valiantly to regain the pride which the Japanese had smashed and to control their emotions than these captives who glimpsed again the almost forgotten outside world. NOTHING MUCH TO SAY. They were happy, yet most of them found it difficult and confusing to return to this world. Perpetually wearing a broad grin, some · would start a conversation with "Hello, Yank, glad to see you.' 1 And then there was nothing more they could say. One of the liberated Yanks suddenly broke into sobs when he caught sight of an American flag. AU of them glanced eagerly at the new weapons and helmets of soldiers who lined the road. They peered far ahead at the plain stretching interminably - with no barbed wire, no guard to bar their free passage. Little by little they began to talk of f.ood, of wives, children, captives received ,.... o ... ,i~g }s.§ Oa,g'f;.'< Qi 1-t, ~ 1U .. 2:.. e:'1 ~ ::!. g8' 6' ro =r,i•e ~~ es,.... .... CD~ 0 ~ 0 IU .... ma§ -iu l"t" rt-iu ~e; ~ ;? f! J:j) en~ O ~ "I' ?' O'Q e.ei.. ... g t~i~i . l'.1Q ... "<o.. ...... \W- ---=~~~~t~~~ia~~!Jg~:?~8!:fss m w si~:-Uls.. ~~r~~;~.z·go..g~~J: ~ !l)S<ti:i: p, iba,!=~ '<g;~g.§~~!Ug;ir ~g~g . . . sgJ;~ga,t~.: § g3.~g:~ S:[~ii,~ Oo-[n~g,....Sg_ ... g~~~a ..,.. C"o CD .., ... 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M I'll !"'---~--· C 0-[,j ~ P -CP 0 C· g~==·: ' 0 1111;;;111111:J 0 1,"•llrt O~p• . -· ··• -- . - I. I,_, ,...,,...,..,..,.,... .... - . o.. ...., .· • p 0.- PO ... \ It erupted suddenly with the ~rattle of automatic weapons just as a ship's bell, which was the camp timepiece, tolled 1908· (7 p. m.) over the weary tired men. Most of the prisoners headed for the ground or the floor, thinking the gunfire meant the Japanese we,e liquidating them - a fate many long had expected. Then they saw the Rangers. It all happened so quickly most of them couldn't believe it was true. But back at the 92nd evacuation hospital the dream gradually became real as they were given medical care, toilet 8.rticles and showers. The captives gradually relaxed as they realized they :\\.tt~i-a,t dreaming, but actually were free men again. .,...: {Additional details on pages 2 and 24J ~ o I ~~ ~ --- WANT TO STAY ON. These experiences lay heavily upon them. Details were palnf~to recall. Yet many of them forswore the probability of retumlnc home immediately to stay and "drop just a few Japs first." The prisoners had heard the preinvasion bombardment of Luzon and news of the landing, but the rescue came as a complete surprise. ~~?':a g~oqg~z.:: - ii sweethearts ..and parents from whom the majority have heard nothing for more than three years. They talked in low tones of Japanese brutality and the death march o! Bataan, of the final terrifying week of bombing and bombardment which hit Corregidor, of men dying like flies, ot disease, of 10 hours daily in prison camp under the hot sun, of wading waist deep in water of rice paddies under hard eyes, of frequent beatings and shootings, ' -~s - -.;.,,,,----,--:c-------- •;. iz1 --,, "' ,,-· "' �YanksAshore South of City 32nd Paces Grim Fight on North Flank ~ - ~ - 't-s Yanks on Alert for Japs on Luzon American solcliers, rifles ready, crouch beside an "alligator" tractor, b1·ought to a halt by enemy fire, and try to locate Japanese soldiers. The action is south of Lingayen on Luzon island, Phillpplne8. (AP Wirephoto from Signal Corps). MacArthur's Troops Sight Manila; Japs Brace for Showdown Battle i By _O"ll,ARK LEE ,.,Jverlooking, Manil~ ~ Y fmport- GENERAL MAC ARTHUR'S HEADQUART'.':RS, LUZ ON (Satorday)-All major _roads leading to long suffering Man• Ila were dominated today by powerful American forces some of them within sight of moking sections of the Philipine capital - Gen. Douglas cArthur announced in a mmunlque as the great city ed itself for an 1.mpending tie of liberation. h advanced spearheads acstanding on high ground er's Eighth artny:-U.lts, c!JJl.,g,,. t"ant highway and railroad on Luzon's central plain was firmly held by MacArthur's liberating armies and all Japanese main lines of communication on northern and southern Luzon were smashed. Lt. Gen. Robert Eichelber- 1 i 1 ,,_______ ----- I ing inland from the latest Lu.. zon invasion front in Batangas province, can clearly make out Manila from the top of Tagitay ridge, less than 15 miles southwest of Cavite naval base In Manila Bay. Fall of Manila was imminent as the Sixth and Eighth army pincers tightened on the capital. No less than seven combat divisions, totalling perhaps 100,000 men, were all ai!fied at 1:_he queen city ot the Philippines... ' Troops in all sectors are keyed to a high pitch of electrifying enthusiasm and are hittini with everything they have. 32ND IN ACTION Fifth alr force pilots who flew over Manila earlier today assertjd Japs Tell of Attack on U. S. Transports By The Associated Press A claim, unconfirmed by any Allied sources, was made Friday by Tokyo 1·adio that Japanese submarines torpedoed and probably sank two large American ti·ansports and a.n oil tanker off the west coast of Luzon Tuesday. a pall of smoke was hanging over the waterfront and several large fl.res were visible. The 82nd (R<,d Arrow) division, composed largely of Michigan and \Visconsin troops, was reported by headquarters F:r-iday as one of the forward elements in northern sector of the Luzon front. These troops, of the First corps are moving eastward to clear the north area of the Luzon plain. They have seized San Nicholas, sealing off Jap re-inforcements In.. tended for the Manila sector I action. Gen. MacArthur's Headquarters, Luzon-{JP)-Manila is in a deadly American trap. United States 8th army invasion troops Friday had fashioned a pincers on the Philippine capital by landing on the Batangas province coast 67 miles southwest of the city while 6th army spearheads drove to within a bar.e 20 miles of the capital on the north. Virtually Unopposed. The 11th air-borne division Wednesday swept ashore from landing craft virtually unopposed along five miles of Batangas beach near Nasugbu and quickly pressed eastward toward 2,000-foot Tagaytay ridge, which commands highw8:ys leading to Manila and the Cavite naval base in Manila bay, 32 miles away. Gen. Douglas MacArthur reported this third Luzon invasion-the second by the newly-formed 8th army in 48 hours-had caught the Japanese by surprise. "We landed without loss," he announced explaining that the landing "largely seals off the possibility of the enemy troops south of Manila joining thc1'se in the north, and definitely outflanks the enemy's defense line in southern Luzon." Hit Shore Without Shot, The first wave of Maj. Gen. J. M. Swine's 11th division troops hit the shore without firing a shot and captured Nasugbu. A half hour after the first Yanks were ashore Japanese in caves to the north brought machine-gun and 77 mm. fire to bear on the !anding beach. This was quickly silenced by naval gunfire and m.obile artillery, Meanwhile the fast-rolling Amer~ ican 6th army's 1st cavalry division-still unchecked-reached Angat river, 25 road miles north of Manila and patrols were reported to hav~ reached Malolos, 20 miles from Manila. Eighth army troops which landed just north of Subic baY on Monday are moving eastward from captured Olongapo naval base against light resistance. These troops are I heading toward a juncture with th eR:~h A~::!s ~~l;r:;~~h Fi;_ht. _ \ MacArthur also announced 1.6kt the 32n~ (Red Arro;,•) divis\Ol'\ is spearheading the stubbornly ~eld northern sectol' where the lst,,torps is moving eastward to cJEt,a.r the north end of the c~traJ Luzon plain. Here the Yanks are four miles east of Tayug and six miles east of San Manuel, where they seized San Nicholas on the Cagayan valley highway, vital to Japanese reinforcements or retreat. MacArthur reported an enti_re Japanese column, trapped between two American forces on the Balungao-Umingan road in this northern sector, had been annihilated. Eight tanks, eight artillery pieces and considerable other material was destroyed. Blast Jap Defenses. Defenses in the Manila bay sector took another severe aerial pounding as Liberators dumped 152 tons of bombs on Corregidor and the Cavite naval base, causing extensive fires and explosions. Two airdromes on Formosa weve targets for patrol bombers. Six Japanese planes were destroyed. Other bombers scored direct hits on a 10,000~ton tanker and a smallei'-- freighter in the China sea south of Formosa. leaving the I �•ot •(, ·d. in ' cs ,1e t- ho ·a- Up and Down Broadway with WALTER WINCHELL Portrait of a Hero "'.\OTIIJ:\'G has stood longer unles& it be i\IacArth ur, the bills and the de,·il." Bel ieve it or n ot , that's a n old 8cotch proverb! . . . The l\1acArtburs are the oldest known Scotch clan. According to legend, the first MacArthur, S mervic ~Iohr, was the son of King Arthur of the R ound ''fable. (l\'!acArthur rneans-"son of Arthur") . . . General Douglas MacArthur p r o v· e s once again that the Scots have taken by six o'clock the followwhat it takes. Previous yankee ing evening. Ma cArthur's andoodle heroes of Scotch origin swer was: "We will take the Cote include John Paul Jones, An- de Chatmon by six o'clock todrew Jackson, Jeb Stuart and morrow or report a casualty llst Ulysses S. Grant <Scotch and of 6,000 dead. That will include soldier, pun my soul!). me." 0 0 0 MacARTHUR is like this: I N FRANCE, instead or reWhen he commanded the Rainbow Division in France during maining safely in the rear like World War I, his superior officer other staff officers, MacArthur told him one day that he wanted always accompanied his troops the Cote de Chatillon <a strongly into "no man's land." Once, fo rtified German key position) when he was asked why he took; the unnecessary risk, MacArthur retorted: "I wanted to let the boys know that somebody at headquarters was willing to go with them!" 0 0 ® SHORTLY after the first American troops arrived in France under MacArthur, the French, who didn't think much of the Yanks as scrappers, fig ured they'd put on a show and give MacArthur an idea of what real soldiers were like. Placing MacArthur in a spot where he could safely watch the Frenchies do their big stuff, they staged a surprise raid on the Germans across the line. Machine guns started to bark, shrapnel burst, and men were dropping all Over the place. MacArthur, armed only with a riding whi p, jumped into the battle. When it was over, MacArthur walked over to the wide -eyed Frenchies, lead ing by the ear a German officer whom he had captured with nothing but a whip! 0 0 0 THE BITTER irony is that when MacArthur· was Chief of Staff, he made a mob of enemies and was branded a warmonger because he pleaded for preparedness! The campaign to smear MacArthur hit a peak half a dozen years ago when he retired. Wi th Pres. Roosevelt's approval. to take on the job of building the Philippines' defenses. His enemies screamed that Manuel Quezon was paying him a salary of $18,000 a year to help him establish a military dictatorship. MacArthur's withering reply was: "I wouldn't sell my sword." 0 0 0 BACK IN the early th irties, when he was Chief of Staff, MacArthur prophetically warned that the coming war would be a mechanized affair and repeated ly begged Congress for a giant alr force and a motorized army. Instead of opening their minds to let in some fresh air, the Rip Van Winkles quipped that the reason MacArthur was anxious to motorize the army was because of his well ,known dislike for riding a horse ! . . . Later, when he was busily trai ning his little native army in the Philippines, man y Am ericans there referred to him sneeringly as "the Napoleon of Luzon." (They didn't know it, but t hey weren't kidding !) ... Unlike the second-guessers now beating the drum for the hero they once belittled, Pres. Roosevelt was a MacArthur fan away back. When MacArthur retired as Chief of Staff !or what seemed like military oblivion in the Philippines, Mr. Roosevelt told his aides : "I must always find a way to keep MacArthur close to me. II there is ever another A. E. F., he's the man to take it over! '' 0 0 0 MacARTHUR, who wouldn't be in his present plight if ,the Rip Van Winkles h ad listened to his preparedness pleas, hasn't lost his sense of humor in spite of it all. When his Philippine troops were incorporated in to the U. s. Army last July, MacArthur's first message to Washington was: "Send me airplanes, trucks and guns." To which he added the postscript: "II you can't spare anything else, send me some French -and -Indian war tomahawks." 0 0 ® MacARTHUR is one man who wasn't caught napping by the Japs. On Dec. 6-the day before the Pearl Harbor attackhe called the reporters in to his Manila headquarters and told them: "Boys, it's here !" ... When news of a successful raid on the Japs reached Washington, an army officer remarked : "MacArthur is always in the thick o! the battle!" ... "You mean ," corrected a Rainbow Division veteran, "the thick of the battle is always where MacArthur is!'' ... Floyd Gibbons, commenting once on the rakish ti lt at which MacArth w· wears his hat, wrote that it was just the tilt which permitted his personality to emerge withou t violating Army regulations. (Tratle Mork 1t r-i;i11.t red. Cop7rl&"ht, JOt2 , Dall1 M.lrror, J.ne,) Uq>rintcd by 1>cr111i!!siOn of Daily Jlirror , l 11c. �•Gona Falls to Allies; Member of 126th Reported Wounded Tighten ,,Y!~e on Japs - · - - -- -- Hem l·n Foe Nea t Bu n al, week ago. They now Will puslt down the shores of Holnicote bay ' toward Sanananda, where the eflri emy has been holding off a m~ ' Austra1ian~American fo~c.P.' attacking down the trail from Soputa. Australian patrol,( first penetrat• ' Yanks, Aussies Advance Against Last Enemy I h Id • A Toe O 111 rea I TER FIGHTCIBNyUGn'tedlSP•e,Bs.)IT , . I Alli~d forces have completely oc• cupied the Gona are_a in. New t th menace to their rear agains e remaining· Japanese forces in the Buna-Sanananda area, Gen. Doug• las MacArthur announced Thurs• Guinea and are advancing without cd Gona viUage Nov. 22, but with• drew as Japanese forces dug in, with protection from mortars, ma-: chine guns and automatic weapons. They held the Aussies off for three weeks in the toughest fighting af the New Guinea campaign, The Japanese occupied the vii• !age July 22. It has been so battered and bombed that it now Is little more than a name on maps. A spokesman at MacArthur's headquarters warned that the ad• vance down the beach toward . th t nemy Buna, against e s rong e , positions in the. Sanananda area, would not be easy. The Japanese have erected a series of barricades along the beach. Allies Win Air Battle. dfhe Japanese now are pinned into It was announced last week that a narrow coastal strip, with allied MacArthur had moved American air forces maintaining a continu- 105-mm. howitzers, complete with ous bombing and strafing in sup• tractors, from Australia, by air, to· port of artillery and ground forces. help blast the Japanese out ot tBY Associated PreH. > their fortifications in the jungl~ Official reports said American and to overcome their advantage forces striking at the lower end of of artillery brought in by sea from the salient were making progress bases at Lae, 165 miles northwest agaim:t defenses of the Buna vii• of the Buna-Gona front, and from lage sector and a Japanese airfield. bases on New Britain and New Bitter fighting raged for posses• Ireland. sion of the airfield, advices from 1By Associated Press.) the front said. Allied detachments Allied headquarters meanwhile are entrenched in two places at announced that American Flying one end of the landing strip 1nd Fortresses and Liberator bombers Japanese hold the other. had scored a victory over a forma<B.v United Press.) tion of Japanese fighters in a furl• Gen. MacArthur announced the ous duel off the coast of New capture of Gona three hours after Britain, shooting down 10 ?f the he reported the Australian jungle enemy planes and damaging 4 fighters had beaten back strong en• others so badly they probably emy attempts to escape from their crashed. surrounded positions, killing at "All our planes returned," the · least 95 Japanese and capturing 4. communique said. This brought enemy casualties The air battle develope_d in conaround Gona for the last week to junction. wit.µ a heavy allied bomb• about 400 killed. I ing assault on the Japanese air• Base Laid Waste. i drome at Gasmata, New Britain, Australians reached the beach. unloading 500-pound ~ornbs in dispersal bays and causmg consider• b oth nor th and south of Gana a able damage. Yanks Shell Foe at Buna \';l.-\\-'-1-~ I \J..•la_--t,.,,__ Word haa been received by hi• sister, Mrs. Leo J. Dornbos, 944 Graceland st., NE., that Sergt. Willfam Hughes, 25, of this city, was aerlously wounded Nov. 22 while aervlng with the 126th infantry In New Guinea. Hughes, who left with his regil b::t.ent 1n October of 1940, trained at Camp Beauregard and Camp Livingston, La., before being sent to Australia and New Guinea. He is a native ot Muskegon and a Artillery Blasts Japs After Counter-Drive Is Repulsed (Bv A~sociatcd Press.) United Sta es forces holding the approaches to the Buna airdrome Friday laid down punisiling artillery fire on Japanese beach positions after throwing back a Japanese night counter-attack near Buna village. With the Gona area, 12 miles to the north, clPared by the Au~~ralian fare~ that swept up the nver vaJ1eys and 9't>rmed the tnission post, Australlal1{ patrols now are reported advancin&t down the coast toward Cape Kil'ferton, ,six miles northeast of Buna, and the big push to drive the Japanes~ out_ of their beachhead pockets 1s being c~1\::~tzea~~ forces continued to I support the land fighters, layin_g J their bombs on the Japanese pos1- j tions from Cape Killerton southward through Euna to Cape Endaiadere, three miles southeast of Euna. Isolate Inland Base. One other enemy force was reported still holding out near Soputa, about six miles inland from Euna, and P40's strafed and bombed this enemy position. The size of this force was not indicated. A communique describing the Japanese counter-attack at Euna said that "bitter hand-to-hand fighting ensued throughout the position in a struggle for piUboxtype enemy machine-gun emplacements" and reported that it collapsed under heavy fire. The Japanese employed 75-mm. guns and mortars against the allies' 105-mm. howitzers and mortars that threw 25-pound shells. Direct hits were scored on an enemy anti-aircraft gun. leun~ Torn by • SJ!;RG~ WILLIAM HUGHES graduate of Muskegon high school, subsequently attending Grand Ra~ ids Junior coUege and the University of Michigan. While in Grand Rapids, Hughes resided with his sister, Mrs. Dornbos. Before leaving with the 126th infantry he was employed at the Allen Calculator plant. One Grand Rapids soldier, Pvt. Walter L. Floyd, 36, of 1042 Lafayette ave., SE., was reported Friday to bave been kill~d in action during the commando raid last Aug. 19 ·on Dieppe, France. Word of his ·•en's death was aent his fll.ther, Charles F. FlOyd, of the san?e ,ddress, by the American Red Cross. Two marines, Pfc. Hubert D. Milanowski, 123 Travis st., NE., and Pfc. Daniel C. Stevens, 925 Milwaukee st., SW., Wyoming Park, have been reported wounded in action in South Pacitto action agl;linat•the Jape. Pfc,. Stevens wu employed, before enlisting, with Winters and Crampton, Inc., Grandville, while Milanowski was a pupil at Creston high school. He is a brother of Mrs. Joseph Budnick, 125 Travis st., NE, Shell Torrent , ,._ .,,. -'t2... Artillery, Mcaftars Pound Jap Positions, Patrols Mop Up Gona JUNGLE JOURNEY- la_ ~li • tf~ By plane, boat, jeep an'd. afoot, united n~tiOns forces are Mfving against the Japs m New Gulne'Cllere dough boys ford a Jungle i\rftin. Native porters bring up the rear. I (~sed by censor.) I ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Monday) UP)-Allied forces poured a continuous torrent of artillery and mortar shells into enemy positions in the Buna area ot New Guinea Sunday, the high command said today. American an~ Australian patrols, meanwhile were mopping up Japanese stragglers west of Gona, which the Allies occupied several days ago. Fighting planes bombed and strafe4 the enemy throughout the day, the noon communique said, and an Allied reconnaissance unit shot down two Japanese fighter• which attempted an interception. In1tallation1 at Salamaua, Japanese base some 125 mlles north Of Buna, were attacked In & night raid. }ap~S~y Vanks Still Hold Isles In Philippines New York-(,l')-The Vichy radio Thursday broadcast a dispatch from Tokio reporting that certain of the Philippine islands still were •, Hheld by Americans" and that Jap~ anese marines had been landed there to end resistance. The dispatch said Jal)6llese naval headquarters had announced "vioq.t :fighting is now in progress." •rfie Berlin radio also said Japanese forces had been landed on islands where Americans still were resisling and added that "'in fierce fighting the Americans gradually are being forced to surrender." Only 1ast week the Tokio· radio admitted American and Filipino l resistance was continuing. • . I �Describes Weird Fighting on Outskirts of Buna 't"I.-· Among Casualties \ '1..A\$'-'t'L- 1 I \~•l't• Buna Captured by MacArthur By FRANK ROBERTSON clouds and a gentle sea breeze WITH AMERICAN GROUND stirred the palm frontls. It was a peaceful and pleasant FORCES IN PAPUA (INS) - Ex- scene - for about two minutes! cept for the shooting, it was as Then our artillery started up again. good as a ride on a roller-coaster. Shells which sounded uncomfort- f!i! The rains had started at last and ~~:seJ::ri;:s~i;;:.r us to thud we slithered and bucked our way One of the Jap machine guns to the front line. opened up. We heard the swish of I sat on the jeep's bonnet. Be- bullets a.nd bits of foliage floated hind me -was the commanding down on us as a hail of lead cut through the dense jungle. general and staff officers and We edged our way back under cover and carefully worked ourselves up until we were almost on the beach. A black-bearded but fair , skinned man rose from behind a machine gun to meet us. This was Staff Sgt. Herman Bottcher, the "one-man army" from San Francisco, · With a small unit, he had held this beachhead wedged I \'l.•l't-'t?. between the Ja.p beach positions for almost a week, killing nearly 70 Japs who tried to shiH him away. Bottcher is more than a hero to the men behind him. He ho.s become a symbol. His presence on the beach between the Japs has That the score or more of Grand had a tremendous effect on the Rapids men reported wounded remorale of the doughboys fighting cently in action in New Guinea behind him. have had sympathetic medical and We crouched behind low cover surgical treatment was indicated as the general told this grimhere Monday in a press associafaced, mud-spattered sergeant that tion dispatch which mentioned every officer and man on New Maj. Simon Warmenhoven, former Guinea was proud of him. "Tell that to my men," Bottcher told the general. "They've done more than I have." He went back to his gun to answer a Jap machine gun which had opened fire on his position. "And tell them back there that the Japs aren't going to shift us from here.'' he shouted through the noise of his gunfire as we started back. Mafor Strong Point Held by Japs on New Guinea Falls \~·'5•'1'7- Former Surgeon In Local Hospital Is in New Guinea ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Tuesday) UP>-Allied infantrymen swept over Japanese troops at Euna village on the eastern New Guinea coast. yesterday to capture one of the major strong.. points of the enemy, and "largely parried" a heavy reinforcement at• tempt in the immediate area. An official communique telling of the wresting of this important Japanese foothold did not mention the fate of nearby Bu•a Mission which also has been held stubbornly by the enemy. The communique said: "Buna viUage bas been taken. It was occupied by our troop1 at 10 o'clock this morning, Dec. 14. The attack was preceded by a heavy mortac barrage which was followed in by the infantry." , REINFORCEMENT THREAT Then, telling ot the new Japanese reinforcement threat the bul• Ietin said: "'In another attempt by the enemy's naval forces to reinforce their ground troops in the Buna area, the enemy launched a corr.. voy of two cruisers and three destroyers for a landing at Mam• bare and Kumusi estuaries." These two rivers empty into the sea about 20 and 40 miles, respec-tively, northeast of Buna, and obviously the enemy was attempting to outflank the entire AIUed assault which had resulted tn the capture ot Goila and Euna. 'HEAVY CASUALTIES' "Our air force,"' it added, -Jntercepted this convoy. In heavy bombing and strafing attackl!I, the enemy's landing barges were sunk or disabled. ,., "Survivors attempted to reach land by swimming, suffering heavy casualties. "Supplies were set afire. ~rat hits and many near misses Wl!l'e made on the war vessels." A Japanese bomber and two fighters also were shot down out of a screening force, and the com.. munique added: "It is believed that the major enemy effort was largely parried.,. A TOUGH _FIGHT The enemy relnforcemen.l, move was consistent with Japat'lese efforts to hold at almost any cost the toeholds they established last summer in the Buna-Gona area. The Allies have blasted to the ocean bottom a sizeable numtrer· of enemy ships and landing barges within the last month, and on ground have had to fight every foot of the way along the coasL The fall of Buna. village was considered an event of ci:wttat im.portance in the steady annihilation of the Japanese whose presence in that area had given the Australian mainland government an1dous mo-ments until General MacArthur began his drive S:cross the Owen Stanley mountains from Port Moresby. The Japanese still have two strong bases in New Guinea, at Lae and Salamaua, the latter being about 140 miles above Euna. Both points have been under freq~e Allied air attack and occasion their have been patrol skirm i I I PVT. EDWARD ZIMl\lERMAN, at top; SGT. WADE L. KRY• GER, ' lower right, and SGT. GRANT SULLIVAN, left, all of Grand Rapid!!;, 3.re amo~g the latest casualties from the south Pacific. All are reported "seri• ousJy wounded." Two in JI!iendly Group Wounded _ se, MAJ. WARMENHOVEN, senior resident in surgery at St. Mary's hospital, as the officer in command of a group of army surgeons working "in primitive sur- 1 roundings.'' Maj. Warmerhovcn, who 1eft here ,vith the national guard in October 1940, as a captain, was promoted to major and placed in / command of the regimental medical detachment shortly before I leaving the United States last spring. Maj. Warmenhoven was born in The Hague, The Netherlands, Jan. 17, 1910, but has been a Grand Rapids resident most of his life. He is a graduate of Calvin college and Marquette university medical school · in Milwaukee. His wife resides at 2446 Boulevard-dr., S. W., Wyoming Park, with their three children; Muriel, 5. Ann Elizabeth, I 20 months, and a 3-month•old son, I Simon, jr., whom he has never seen. He received the cablegram 1 announcing his son's birth just bef9re leaving for the fighting ftont. His parents, Mr. and Mrs. Paul C. Warmerhoven, live at Sunny- ' j side, Wash. I 1 -Grand Rapids Press PhotOl'rapher. SGT. EDWARD FORTIER, left, was wounded In the fighting In New Guinea and his bunkmate, CORP. MARVIN WEIBENGA, right, was reported recuperating in a New Guinea hospital when last heard from, but they look forward to a reunion with their friend, CORP, ROBERT MYERS of the marines, who last wrote his parents, Mr. and Mrs. C. W. Myers of Bootwlck Jake, that he was on a south Pacific island ''that you read a Jot about in the papers." Myers and Fortier, classll\ates at Creston High ochool, met for the first time In 18 months when this photograph was taken In April. Myers was en route to the west coast after eervice in Iceland. Fortier and Weibenga soon afterward ~ Austnlla and thence to the New Guinea front, �Tighten Hold InBunaArea t \"a.~ Allies Increase Pressure Against Remaining Jap Defenders (By United Press.) Allied forces iJ1. eastern New l Guinea increased pressure Thursday against what was left of Japanese positions on the Buna front. The Japanese defenders are under direct orders from Emperor Hirohito to resist to the last man. The heaviest fighting was reported, _in the_ allied communique, I m the immediate Buna area, just I south of the government station. Allied bombers and fighter planes continued to blast Japanese positions from Cape .Endaiadere, about three miles east of captured Buna, all the way up th.e coast to the Mambare estuary, 40 miles northwest of Gona, where eriemy ;re .. inforcements moved ashore Sunday night. An explanation of the fanatical Japanese resistance came in the ' questioning of a 24-year-old lance corpop,b.9i ~~ mountain arVJlery, tapftii ?d recently This prisoner said that when word reached the emperor of the imminent crisis at Buna, he asked that every man glve his life, if neces- Win Citations at New Guinea These Grand Rapids members of the 128th Infantry, Sgt. Edgar . Marsh (left) and Corp. Donal L. Mmray, signal corpsmen were olted for bra.very in the severe fighting before Buna in New o'utnea. Two G. R. Guardsmen Cifedl for Bravery Befbre Buna ! sary, to hold it. PVT. ALBERT THOM.<S P.t'C. ELLSWORTH H. NEELY These :four soldiers were added t.o the casuattY list ·o:f Grand Rapids men serving on foreign fronts in notices sent to their faml... lies Tuesday by the war department. Staff Sgt. Madigan and Pvt. Sandusky were listed as killed in action, Sandusky In the Mrican area and Madigan in the· South Paclflc battlefront, while Pvt. Thomas and Pfc. Neely were reported to be wounded seriously during _fight,. Ing in the New Guinea area. \ ).•\S- 'tJ... Sergeant's Tough! Rams Wedge Into Buna Lines and Plays Hob With Japs Both on Land and at Sea.. j \Vith American Troops in New Guinea-(De!ayed) - (IP) - Some American doughboys are Jiterally thumbing their noses at the J ap .. anese in one of the hottest spots on this jungle battlefront-and that's where Sgt. Herman Bottcher of San Francisco comes in. Bottcher and his small group of men smashed through the Japanese defenses between Buna and Buna mission, killed 50 or 60 Japanese, and established a beach• head. The Japanese made at least two attempts to remove it but Bottcher and his men stuck tight. B?ttcher is rapidly establishing himself as a ohe-man army. When the enemy attempted a dawn at- 1 tack. Bottscher was ready. The Japs were repulsed, leaving 40 to 50 dead. A Japanese machine-gun nest be• gan causing trouble. So the ser• geant took a pocketful of hand grenades, crawled through the brush and disposed of it. The next night the Japanese attacked from two sides But Bottcher heard them corning, sent up flares and they were blasted back to their own lines, leaving seven dead. Bottcher then spotted a Japanese launch apparently trying to take supplies to Buna village. He turned his machine-guns on it and set it afire. Bottcher obtained experience on the Loyalist side in the Spanish civil war. He was born in Lands• i b~rg, Germany, 33 years ago and st!II s~eaks with a slight German Report More/ Men Wounded ,~~ Five From Grand Rapids Added to Pacific I Casualty List Word that five more Grand Rapids m~n,_ known to be serving in New Guin~a; were "seriously wounded in action in the south ,.Pacific" has been received by their next of kin. The men are Sgt. Peter W. Kos• tcr, 30, son of Mr. and Mrs. James Koster, 1421 Widdicomb-st., N. W.; Sgt. Wade L. Kryger, 21, son of Mr. and Mrs. Martin Kryger, 123 Annst., N. E., and husband of Mrs. Margaret Kryger of Detroit; Sgt. Arthur Simmons, 22, husband of Mrs. Helen Simmons, 509 Coit-av., N. E.; Sgt. Grant Sullivan, 19, son of Mrs. Gladys Flit!,, 30 Lyon-st., N. E., and Pvt. EdvA.rd Zimmerman, 22, son of Mr. and Mrs. Leon Zilumerman, 752 Sixth-st., N. \V. Sgt. Koster, graduate of Union High school and Junior college, was a tool designer at General Mo~ tors corporation before leaving here with the national guard for · active duty. Sgt. Kryger, member of the national guard since 1939, left with i the local troops in 1940, after graduation from Creston High school. He was promoted to corporal en route to Australia and to ;.;::::rgeant soon after arrival. Sgt. Simmons, an employe of the VandenBroek Roofing Co., left her~ wHh the national guard in 1940. Sgt. Sullivan loft Union High school in his senior year to go to l active service with the national guard. He is t!1e grandson of Mr. ] and Mrs. George Filkins of Com- I stock Park. I Pvt. Zimmerman, .~ former stu- · den~ at Union High school, was employed at the W. B. Jarvis Co. when the national guard was called to active service. He was a mem-1 ber of the medical detachment. - - \2.•lr - 'P-- t / T~o more members of Grand ~ap1ds' own 126th infantry~ were cited_ for bravery in the furious fightmg in N~w Guinea in news reports reachmg Grand Rapids Monday. They were Sergt. Edgar C. Marsh. and Corp. Donald L. Mur'ray, signal corpsmen attached to the headquru.·ters company of the 126th. The news dispatch, written by Frank Ro~ertson, International News Service correspondent. described Marsh as "one of the crew of unsung heroes of the New Guinea battlefront," and related that Murray and a companion walked through heavy Japanese fire to hook up a telenhone line to an American advanced post. ~urray wa!: wounded Nov. 28, appare:ntly later in tne sarn:e action described in Robertson's report, his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Marrel B Murray, of 322 Robey pl., SE., point~ ed out Monday. They added that their son's wife, Dorothy, of 206 Garfield ave., NW., received a cablegram from him Sunday, congratuJating her on her birthday and telling her not to worry. Robertson's story was as foJfow,3: "Sergt. Edgar Marsh of (;.rand Rapids, Mich., is a signal corpsman, one of the crew of unsung heroes of the New Guinea battle• front Who string communication wires to forward positions around Buna. , ..I spoke to hi~ from a command post 200 yards behind the shallow trench he had been lying in for seve1·al days, acting as communications officer. He's only a shoi·t : distance from a Japanese machine gun nest that has defied all Allied ' efforts to knock it out 1I "'How are thing& ba~k there in civilization?' he 3-sked, referring tcr the command post which at that i moment, was receiving so~e atten- 1 tion from Jai:>anese mortars. TOOK OVEJ.t . "~arsh ~ook over ~s communi- i cations. chief when hts command-1 ing offtifr volunteered ~o take a plat.oon m an attack agamst Buna durmg a temporary shortage of line officers. "Two other signal corps men who br8:ved f~1·ious enemy barae-es to String wire to advanced positions were Pvt. Robert Shearer of Granu.da, Miss., and Corp. Don Murray ofuGrand Rapids, Mich. An American platoon had made a successful sortie deep into Japan_ese lines _and was holding its posibon despite the hottest fire the Japs. co~ld th.row at them. Commumcabon with the main AIHed force had to be established, so Shearer and Murray took the telephone wire and waded through the Jap crossfire to the advanced post. After hooking up the line they returned once again through the hailof bullets, arriving at their base unscathed." MADE CORPORAL Corp. Murray, who is 21 years old, attended Ottawa and· Davis Tech high schools here, and was mobilized in October, 1940, with the national guard, which he had joined sortly before. He was made a corporal while at camp in Louisiana. Sergt. Marsh, who is 24 years old, is a vett!ran guardsman, ·aavlng joined up nine years ago at a quite tender age. His father, Francis W. Marsh, cashier in the city treasurer's office, recalled that Edgar, who graduated from Central high school, had adopted radio as a hobby, and had planned to go into the mechanical end of radio as a busi-' ness. He was a corporal when the national guard was mobilized, and between May and September, 1941, was promoted to the rank of sergeant, staff sergeant, and then technical sergeant. He served as acting communications chief at Camp Livingston, in Louisiana. I I �ilht Omln~\~pi~li ~tnd~ EXTRA FIFTY-SEVENTH RAND YF..AR RAPIDS, MICH., MONDAY, DECEMBER 8, 1941 PRICE THREE CENTS JAPS ATTACK PACIFIC BASES; U. S. WINS'.: IN FIRST BATTLE? leans Cabinet All Army Men Ordered Out Sunday Night Navy Prepared for lxpect President to '5k Congress for ar Declaration Jap Attack; Hull Scores Two Envoys WASHINGTON (}P)- The war department Sunday night or dered all milita ry personnel in this country into uniform. Naval officers said informally that for several months all American warships in the Pacific had been in constant readiness for bat- INGTON - The President ed his entire cabinet to an esident was expected by TOKYO (lllonday) (}P) - .Japanese Imperial headquarters announced at 6 a. m. today that Japan had entered a state of war _with the United States and Britain in the western Pacific as from dawn today. + + + NEW YORK (}P) - .Japanese warplanes killed 35 men at Hickman field and set fire to the U. S. battleship Oklahoma Sunday in a sodden raid on Pearl Harbor and Hono• Iulo, an NBC observer radioed direct from the scene today. Two other ships in the harbor also were attacked, he reported. + + + congreWonal leaders to deliver a I VESSEL SENDS SOS messag WASHINGTON UP) - The White Honse announced at 3:35 ing fo p. m., (EST), Sonday, that the army had just received word that again st n. Repub Senate Leader Mc- an American vessel, believed to be a cargo ship, had been sendNary or gon , said he talked late ing out slgnals of distress approximately 700 miles west of San today wit Vice P r esident Wallace over the ephone and that Wal- Frandsco. Whether it had been torpedoed was not immediately learned. lace had · ed h im to flash word tle. President Roosevelt conferred 'With the secretaries of navy and war. At London Prime Minister Churchill conferre'd with John G. Winant, U. S. a mbassador to Britain, and the British waited f or fulfillment of Chur chill's promise of Nov. 10 to declare war on Japan .,within the hour" if she attacked the United States. Presidential Secretary E a rly declared that so far as is known the attacks were "made wholly without w a rning- when both nations were at peace"-and were delivered within an hour or so of the time that the Japanese ambassadors had gone to the state department to hand to the secretary of state Japan's reply to the s ecretary's memorandum of the 26th. MAY BE "TO SAVE FACE" There was a disposition in some qua rters here to wonder whether the attacks had not been ordered by the Japanese military authori- WAR BULLETl~~S Manila Under Attack A general vlew of Manlls, Philippines capital and largest city, reported under attack from Japanese air forces Sunday to Republ senators to hasten to Washin ''I antici message fr o for a decl.1 Japan. This was nflrmed by White House Secre Stephen Early, who said tha the President was assembling information as quickly as p ble and will present it to con . as in an ''informative report." p)()bably in the form of a message to a joint session. The attack WlS launched at the very moment J~anue "peaee" envoys in Waahing-.OD aougbt to continue peace conv,raationa with this country. .: Pearl Harbor, tle •'6,m.erlcan naval "Gibraltar" at ~ • and the Philippine naval ·, ' at Ca.vlte ., near Manila, took 11 brunt of ~1:!t•~e~~~::t t:::o!f:i~:!st1:itr~~~ !- - - --~--- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - emperor might lead to an aboutthe first attacks. _face in Japanese policy and the consequent loss of face by the present ruling factions in Japan. No o(ficle..t µ .sf' d tho w ord u Japs Arrested l Canadian Medium Nav ,,_,, u.- s. + + + smP TORPEDOED WASHINGTON UP) - The White House announced today that an army transport carrying lumber rather than troops had been torpedoed 1,300 miles west of San Francisco. This placed .Japanese naval action well east of Hawaii, toward the mainland. There was no information whether the transport had been sunk. .o r whether there was loss of life among the crew. + + + HONOLULU (}P) - .Japanese bombs killed at least five per• sons and injured many others, three seriously, In a surprise morning aerial attack on Honolulu Sunday, + + + NAVY MEN ORDERED TO POSTS NEW YORK (}P) - A naval official who declined to be quoted said today that the navy department had sent out an urgent call to all officers on leave to report at once to naval districts In wlilch they are located. The second corps army area headquarters here revoked all leave11 and furloughs and ordered all men to report to their posts. + + + Report Americans Have Control in Hawaii Area By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS WASHINGTON - Japan attacked the United States Sonday, striking with naval and air units at the great Pearl Harbor naval base at Honolulu and at l\lanila, and latest reports indicated that the United States had won the fint battle in the new World war. "The army and the navy, it appears, now have the air and sea under control," said an NBC broadcast from Honolulu, a few hours after the .Japanese opened the assault. Adopting Adolf Hitler's surprise tactics of striking over the week-end - ignoring President Roosevelt's personal lasthour appeal for peace to Emperor Hirohito Saturday night - the .Japanese attacked the two keystones of American defense in the Pacific at approximately 9:20 a. m. Honolulu time (3:30 p. m. EST). WASHINGTON UP)-Japanese airplanes Sunday attacked American defense bases at Hawaii and l\lanila, and President Roosevelt ordered the army and navy to carry out undisclosed orders prepared for the defense of the United States. The White House said that .Japanese bombed vital outposts in the Pacific-Hawaii and Manila-at 3:20 p. m. (EST) and that so far as was known the attack was still in pro;,:ress. ATTACKS WITHOUT WARNING Announcing the President's action for the protection of American territory, Presidential Secretary Stephen Early declared that so far as is known now the attacks were "made wholly without warning-when both nations were at peace--and were delkered within an hour or so of the time that the .Japanese ambassadors had gone to the state department to hand to the Secretary of State .Japan's reply to the secretary's memorandum of the 26th. Promptly, navy officers said that long prepared counter measures against .Japanese surprise attacks had been ordered Into operation and were "working smoothly." And within a lf/W minutes, the war departmeaj; ordered all ,llt.Bnt DP""'nn@U fn .thla.....,..allllJL...l.Dt.o........J.1nlf~ '--"---' �son New,,..,Guinea ....... Only Small Number Survive Blasting by Allied Planes By DEAN SCHEDLER SOMEWHERE IN NEW GUINEA (Wednesday) (.iP)-Japanese tl'Oops have landed nol'ihwast of captured Gona and Euna in New . . . Gumea m a new remforcement attempt, but Allied headquarters announced today that their alreadytorn ranks were under a deluge of bo,~tse ~~h!ul!:~: is strewn with derelict barges, wreckage and ene:;'Jd. dead," today's communique "Our troops maintained heavy pressui·e on the enemy in all sectors" n, the Euna front where u. s. 0and Australian troops took auna village two days ago in .~rce hand-terhand strugg1e pree-eded by a torrent of mortar shells. Euna mission and other nearby coastal points still are held by the Japanese, however. Perhaps 1,000 Japanese troops were believed to have weathered Allied air attacks to gain a new foothold in an obvious attempt to turn the Allied flank and relieve the enemy units that are being cut to shreds in a constricted coastal sector. The new enemy -18.llding was made in the Cape ward Hunt area, 4.4 miles northwest of Buna on the northeast shore of New Guinea despite a sizzling "merry-g~round'; attack by Flying Fortresses, Havocs, Atracobru and Beaufi hters which smashed Japanese 1!ndin boats, left Japanese dead drape~ over the sides of barges and scattered on the beaches, and wrecked ~upply afts r · war • ut It waa ilOt claimed any were sunk. This was the seventh Japanese attempt thus virtua11y thwarted to reinforce their troops in the Buna area. fleeing no Two Japanese cruisers and three destroyers 1eeldng to effect the landing bad only two hours before dawn to e¥ecute the operation. I From each of the five ships four 1· motor landing craft-20 in alleach with an estimated capacity of 50 soldlera were lauilched. The first wave of probably 1,000 Japanese got ashore and the barges were tn the process of repeating the operation when the Allied dawn patrol came on the scene with machine guns a.nd cannon blazing. Hundreds of Japanese leaped overboard. At least five of the barges were strafed and sunk and many others were damaged beyond repair. One was seen drifting out of control with Japanese dead hanging over the sides. 180 SWIMMERS KILLED Observers here believed they had intended to land at Buna but turned aside because of the mili· tary situation there to the Cape Ward Hunt area between the marshy Kumsul an~ ~mbare rivers. It was possible that a substantial body of men got ashore to estabUsh a beachhead somewhat less than midway between Buna and the other Japanese bases at . Lae and Salamau,a ,. 160 and 140 miles, respectively, up the coast from the Euna area, But it was believed that their supplies were largely d~ strayed. The cruiser and destroyer force was sighted two days before the At least a hundred swimmers landing attempt was made Monday ::~e e~~li~~t!~. the water, the air- as it steamed into the strait beThe Japanese had unloaded Into ~7:en New Guinea and New Britthe water at least 500 oil drums lashed together in rafts of 40 drums, and crates in nets were 18.'Shed to the underside where they would draw the least fire, The Americans and Australians fired thousands of rounds into the small swarming area of water, blowing up the rafts and scattering and killing swimmers who were towing them to shore. Supplies which had been put ashore and stacked on the beach were blown to bits. BAN LIKE MAD I Japanese r~n Jike mad for the Ishelter of foliage and hugged the I Flying Fortresses and Liberators dropped bombs in their path and the four-motored bombers took up the pursuit Tuesday. The Liberators were attacked in the New Britain area by seven Zeros Tuesday and two of the enemy fighters were shot down. Another flight of Liberators was attacked by 15 Zeros when the fleeing warships were 150 miles from Euna, and two of these fighters were brought down. An American general led the attacking force which s ;"' e pt through the churned-up rums of Buna and captured the place under a heavy mortar barrage at 10 a. m. Monday. Japanese casualties were ex• pected to be high when the count is made, Capture of Euna left the fighting centered in two main areas, the Cape Endal~dere and Euna mission area immediately east of Euna and the Cape Sananada area just to the northwest of Euna. - beach as tracer bullets ripped acr~ss th e sand lined witb dead. Fire quickly spread th rough the whole area. The Duvtra mission wh~re the Japanese m?'de their mam landing went up in smoke, ~nd_ as the Americans and Austrahans departed abandoned barges ~nd broken supply rafts were drift• mg four miles out to sea. ~h: cbruisers atndd testrboyherlts werde ra e y repea e om a an near misses and were last seen [ I MacArthur's Net Tightens \1•1'1 ••"&-- Heavy Fighting Erupts in 4re_a of N. E. New Guinea ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Saturday) UPl Tightening of Allied rings about the trapped Japs on either side of Buna village erupted into heavy fighting m northeast New Guinea, the high command announced today. The heaviest fighting has broke~ out on the Allies' right, which is the Euna mission sector. Allied planes kept up their unceasing attacks on the enemy ground positions. Allied -bombers, meanwhile, paid another visit to j Portuguese Timor, where enemy inetallations were attacked in the towns of Mao Bisse and Mindelo. It was the second visit in as many days to Mindelo. Troops under Gen. Douglas MacArthur's person.al command closed Jn on the stubbornly resisting and isolated pockets around Buna and Australian patrols maintained pre~ 1mre on enemy outposts guarding Saiamaua, an older and perhaps 1tronger base. Allied artillery destroyed an im.. portant bridge leading the Buna government station, and Australian and American t~oops fought & i,mall battle to the death in a c~ coanut grove to the west. The grove was occupied and held, although Japanese counter-attacked under a mortar barrage. T:wenty Japanese were killed and one surrendered. Fifteen others were killed and one captured trytng to infiltrate Allied positions near Gona. JAPS STll,l, STICK Euna village and Gona both are tn Allied hands, but the surviving Japanese still are dug in 4eeply along the forlorn jungle be.,Ch for abQut niIJ.e mHes in at ~e st two , separate pockets. Japanese outposts in t e Salarnaua area were reporte pushed back. One reason for t e Allied moves in that area was✓, protect friendly natives whoi,{ the Jap. anese have b~J.tte.fiipting to enslave as carriers. Besides Salamaua, the ietlemy on New Guinea still hOlds the port ot Lae, a little further to the noNhwest. Freshly made mounds of earth In the Kumusi-Mambare river region 45 miies northwest of Gona ' were spotted by aerial reconnnais1ance, indicating the deadly toll of Allied planes which raided a Japanese 1a:nding there Monday. Allied planes made 230 sorties there, sprayed the reinforcements with 34,000 rounds of machine-gun and cannon fire and cascaded 82 tons of bombs. The beach was littered with broken landing barges and burned out native buts. It was considered doubtful that the .Ta"f}anese landed any appreciable \ force. J Particularly effective were frag- [ mentation parachute bombs devised by Lieut.-Gen. George C. Kenny, air commander in the southwt!st Pa.. cific. Gen. MacArthur decorated him for developing the exp!osives, released from planes q.t 80 :j.o 100 feet. Kenny spent seven ye s perfecting the .bom.R.. I -NEA Telephoto BUILDING BRIDGES IN NEW GUINEAAmerican and Australlan forces constructing a bridge over which the aUies moved ,to di~ge the Japs In the Buna-Gona area. This is one of the many tasks that confronted the allies 1n penetrat• Inc the Jull&'l... �., I • • eavy . 1g ting Is Raging About Mission .at Buna \~-'.S If,~ - - - Some En~my Reinforcements Put Ashore in New Guinea Despite Frightful Cost in Men and Supplies Inflicted U pcm Landing O.Perations·; Allies Take Euna Village. Allied Headquarters in Australia, Dec. 15.-(AP)-American jungle fighters', supported by Australians, stormed into Euna village yesterday and heavy fighting raged about the .Japaneseheld Buna mission to the east today while Allied bombers smashed at new enemy invasion expeditions put ashore by a strong cruiser and destroyer force at two points farther up t he New Guinea coast. The Americans slashed their Convoy ca ers way into the village five days After absorbing two days of punishing raids, the convoy scatafter the capture of Gona, 12 tered northward. miles to the northwest. These As matters stood today the were the main bases of the Japanese in the Buna•Gona. a~·ea foothold established by the still were clinging to Buna M1ss1on and Sanananda Point, just to the Japanese last July 23 in their 110 rth, some positions of un~isclosed closest t hrust toward northeast depth in the east, and possibly the Australia. newly established though heavily (War front dispatches reaching battered toeholds up the Papuan \ ,,- a., - •p.. Thi's truck loaded with A merican infantrymen m starting from a New Guinea beach-head to the fighting front. :Melbourne said the Allies were coast. squeezing the .Japanese from three Their main New Guinea bases, sides on the central sector of the however, are at Lae and Salamaua, Gana - Euna battleground, with 150 miles to the northwest, where Australians pressing in from the their initial landings were made on left, Americans from the right and the island last March. both Australians and Americans The July landings at Buna and attacking through the center at Gana, which presented the gravest Sanananda Point, above Euna vil- threat to the Allied outpost at Port !age.) Moresby, were followed by a disDes'pite the frightful cost in men astrous attempt to gain a foothold and supplies inflicted upon the in Milne bay, at the southern end new Japanese landing operations, of NE!w Guinea. ~are~adio~:te~~i~z~::~~il;~e The occupation of Coasta1--Gona, put ashore by the heavily protected 12 miles to the northwest, Was anconvoy standing off the mouths of nounced last Thursday, and the the Kumusi and Mambare rivers, Australians who comprised the some 20 and 40 miles, respectively, main force of that advancing arm y north of Euna. then turned southwa'rd toward "In heavy bombing and strafing Sanananda. attacks, the enemy's landing barThe occupation of Buna village ges were sunk or disabled," the cut off the Japanese forc~s in the cominunique said. "Survivors at- Sanananda area on the west from tempted to reach land by swim- those eastward near the mission ming, sufiering heavy casualties. airstrip and Giropa point. Supplies were set afire. Several The village was one of the hits and many near misses were smaller Japanese pockets. made on the war vessels. Clima x of \ Var Enem y P lanes Downed The capture of Buna and Gan a ''The enemy's air force inter- marked the climax of one phase vened unsuccessfully, an enemy of the war in the Sout hwest bomber and two fighters being shot Pacific. Early in their spread down and the remainder disper~ed. southward, the Japanese invaded It is believed that the major enemy New Guinea, taking Lae and Salaeffort was largely parried." maua, ports some 140 miles north (The Melbourne Herald's car- of E una, last March. They still respondent in New Guinea said hold those points. that although a big proportion of Their penetration of Papuan New the Japanese were believed slain Guinea were first made at Gana before they reached shore, the and Euna on July 22 and they landings in the M<!-mbare and Ku- drove with little resistance to Iorimusi estuaries "means that th e baiwa, only 32 miles from the major enemy has established an a~dition- Allied base at Port J\'foresby, by al sector on the Papuan coast.") mid-September. Japanese soldiers u nd er full pack General Douglas MacArthur then were reported to have plunged wildly into water coated with blazp~~~eJit~:lJaf;~~e~~ b:f::n;!:~ ing oil and littered wi th wrecked the Owen Stanley mountains to t he ~l1e~Ul~!:;;e~ang;.~~e b~!~~ a~hte~~ Wairopi bridge. One Australian wave assaules on the convoys. force pursued the fleeing Japanese After being attacked by Libera- up the Kumusi river and then tors and flymg forll esses the turned ba~k down tow~rd Gona .. crmser- and destroyer-protected A combmed Australian-American Japanese vessels stood off the coast force drov7 eastwar? along the Sunday night and began landing Kokoda trail to la~ s1ege to Euna operations under cover of darkness.' and another. Amencan force was Early Munday fortresses , Havocs, landed by air transport south of Airacobras and Australian Beau- 1Buna to work north. fighters swarmed to the assault, ' Meantime, a Japanes flanking bombing and strafing the landing threat was wiped out by Allied area in a ceaseless shuttle service action in cleaning out a nest of between ship and shore. Every one Japanese in Milne bay, on the tio of of the enemy landing barges in the Papuan peninsula, and Allied one group of 20 was sunk or set forces occupied Goodenough island, afire. off the coast southeast of Buna. Barrels filled with ammunition, Allied airmen carried the war to oil and other supplies were lashed the Japanese supply lines with together with nets and attempts bombings of Lae and Salamaua, w~re made to float them to shore, and by smashing at Gasmata and but Allied. airmen_ said they had a Rab~ul in New Britain, and a t field day m sending them. to the Kavieng, in New Ireland. bottom in low-level strafmg atThrough all this they h ave taken tacks. . . . a heavy toll of Japanese aircrECft, Many of the ammumtion -f1lled warships, merchant-transport ships barrels were reported to have ex- and men. ' ploded with a mighty roar, destroying nearby barges loaded with ;:e~; The Detroit News P ictorial for November 29. 1942 and 1n f~:f Australian an<l Amencan soldiers inspect disab led J apanese tanks in New Guinea 1lon2: the line of march co wa r d Buna. roo s �Conference at Yalta Palace, Crimea ~-\~· '!-S 'Nobody Saw Them; They Were Heroes Just the Same' "Nobody saw them fight and no-: body saw them die, but they were heroes just the same." This sincere tribute, in praise of the men of the 32nd division at Sanananda, was made by Capt. Alfred Medendorp, 1914 Stafford ave., SW., and Capt. Russell J. Wildey, 833 Oakleight rd., NW., veterans of New Guinea campaign now home on leave. The two officers were eager to point out the heroic action of local men in their outfits who had received no mention in news dis- patches sent out during the Papuan campaign. + + + RE(1ALLING the march over the Owen Stanley mountains in which he commanded the antitank and cannon companie's which led the way, Capt. Medendorp mentioned the work of Sergeant Maurice DeMey of cannon company who "made a very creditable record :for himself iti the mountains. He was usually on reconnaissance and that meant playing hide and seek with Jap patrols in order to get information back to us." I + + + STAFF SERGEANT THERON ROSE shot the first Jap for the division. It happened on Nov. 7 during the Wairope patrol. "Every'one sa.w Rose's man :tall and that ~as the signal to begin firing," Medendorp said. Capt. John D, Shirley, commander ot I company, and Capt. Roger Keast, commanding ' antitank comany, who established the Sananana road block on Nov. 30, were perponal friends of the two _returned officers. "It took all day to put l:hat block through," they recalled, i"Those companies had to fight every inch of the way.'' I o; I THE DEAT~; these two officers-Keast was killed on Dec. 1 and Shirley on Dec. 2-were felt deeply by all their men. S/Sgt. Joseph J. Kramarz, another Grand Rapids man, met his death Dec. 6 while on a patrol lwith 80 men lead by Maj. Bert eeff and Capt. Wildey. They were ttempting to g-et through to the ad block. th18:te~~:~ ~~~lu~::tir~edS~ d L ester, l • t Sgt. Jack Wea- _g. Technical S1t.. Bert A. \w"skl. ·ndey was wounded. Dec. >n which won him the 'ed service cross. He g his men against a nded Jap sector and penetrate the enemy r being slopped gnce 1 I I Moments Are Lighter Now Home from three years' service in the South Paclftc, Grand Rapids Red Arrow men are pictured in sQme of their not--so-serious mo.. ments. Above, Capt, Russell J. Wildey (left) and Capt. Alfred Medendorp look over some notes the latter wrote concerning parts of the Papuan campaign. Below, Pvt. Don Miedema, left, and T-Sgt. LeRoy Stutherd-. right, do a pantomime of the old army song, Some Day I'm Going to Murder the Bugler. Pfc. Lyle Bieschke, center, was company bugler during their training period in Louisiana before going o'terseas, ----------------~---------by automatic fire from the front home were instructors at an am• and left flank. phibious training school. He was evacuated to Port Mores+ +- + by because of very serious wounds ON THE WAY home their ship and a few days later was joined stopped on the New Guinea coast there by Capt. Medendorp who had long enough for them to v:isit the to be sent back because of malaria. military cemetery at Soputa. This The two friends were "boarded cemetery now contains the graves out" of the regim'ent eventually of all the 32nd men who were killed because of malaria and at the during the Papuan campaign, time they left New: Guinea to come bodies having been moved there I ,-n Q ~ , ~ -a ~ •i:t:C:~C:.8'5~ ~ "'O ~o I~ '51B1ib~~'a ~ ~§S1t;& ...., a,~ ~§ .~ + + + THE LAST TIME the three servicemen saw each other in New Guinea was in a hospital at Port ~oresby. They next met in a mess hall at a camp in California, after dis~mbraking from the same troopship. All the way Jrom the south Pacific they had been on the eame bqat and not seen each other. "I was busy taking care of patients," explained Bieschke, who was assigned to the medical detachment after the Papuan campaign, He even gave a blood transfusion on the way back. . The White Cloud soldier will report back to his base in New Guinea, when his furlough is up, but the two local men will report to Miami Beach for reassignment. §1>:1~a,~~- ~filS~b~~ ~2 0 > ~:5 w ... E cv.;:!,rofo·@.µ}:~ ~.,; .:i"' f-.t3 r:g..c: •tn+>-::!...-,3"0 00 :g~_q:o~oo.S., ~~~~--"'§ = ,. . o,-u s:::>. .., i::i.ro::::: ..... 11. '"";.:! ~·tn ,ill '\ (I c3bE-<.:l 6'§;;:.,,;:is-~;;; ~..c; -~ r:: ... oNro.._....-.- ~.,,,gf ::§u~ ~u~~-:~· ] . ,.. 'O ...i •,-oi "1 ~ £"" ,,,,,,, 11111 i.i..-, CQ ,.!:c:' Ol--!~--oro.-. ::, S::: O 'O-" 0 _, <l.>;::::::.~O-' C t,:I b(lr{ Q) 0, 0 :>:, 0, - 1-~~E--i"O~ro'"§ t,:1""'. (1)....,.,,..., ~>0.1:bCJ~'j2°t: <1> H o, > '.2s:::s:;:E!EQ)~ ~b1) Q.)..,_,_c:.-. s:::·~0.C:VI+-':>:, - -Portrait of a General Keeping a Promise "1EP.!:!1.¥j~§&"o ...., w ro~E-, ~of ~~"C ""'"' s:; ::, VI - - ,.::; oos:; ro:!:j O .......... i:::ci::, t,:I~ o..c:.._;s • a, 0 .c: ..... 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O c;j::: .... e ~ '5 5 ~ mE ~ Prime Minister Win::;ton Churchill• (back io camera, lower left), Marshal Joseph Stalin <second from left around table) and President Franklin D. Roosevelt (right rim o( iahlc) with members of their staffs as they met jn ronferenc-e nt Yalta Palace, Crimea. To ihe left o( President Roosc\·eH are Adm. \-Villiam Leahy and Gen. George C. Marshall. (AP \V.ir€'pholo from Signal C0rp~). sf.~.,, 9i:::roi:::.C'O'O~ -g . "E-< -~ .!:i ;;E:.§"" ii!-~'"Ovi..!<~ro"O"O~ro~gi:::a>,2 .g'.s e z. .-~~ ~ 2 § ~ e ro'Orororoa,ro 3: ; g -g 1;; ~ ~ E~&1 ~os:;'t:$ . "::i ~ 'o E i:::~~o::ia>.c: Q.) s:;o,.c: +> o al.!'l -ti~£ t:~ .~-;;;,§J;! ;j., o ~ .,:.c; ci ... ~ ~i'"' :;-" ". ::,-5 ., ct;~ :.a "'-9 .,, ~:. "a~~~ ol=-=-o_!l., =•Q,. .- "' ~ U"\ ~ from Euna. from along the moun~ tain trail and wherever else they[' fell. Capt. Wildey disclosed the fact1 that the cemetery was on the exact location where the third battalion: was briefed before the Americans' made first contact with the Jap on the Sanananda track. "It is beautifully landscaped,'1 Medendorp added, "and a nativebuilt chapel is located centrally on the grounds. Bushes with flamecolored and yellow leaves are planted around the circular drives.''. The men drove down the road to the old main front and identifle'.'I several familiar points along the way. They even tound foxholes and slit trenches they had dug near the battalion command post. "It seemed queer to be standing upright, walking without caution and talking as loudly as we pleased," was their comment, They s t opped again for a moment at t h e cemetery on their way back to the ship. "We were in t h t;i, midst of a 1 host of friends and acquaintances-yet not a sound." Othe"r Red Arrow veterans who have returned recently include' Private First Class Lyle Bieschke,1 912 Arianna st., NW., and Private Don Miedema, 877 Crosby st., NW. They were accompanied home by Technical Sergeant LeRoy Stutherd o! White Cloud. Miedema was in the antitank company going over the mountains and the other two were in Shirley's company. The three were together in the road block for the 23 d:i,ys ihey were there. Just before Christmas their units were relieved and they went. back to the main lines to their :first hot meal Jn nearly a month. "Everyone of us got sick on that meal," they said. "We just ,weren't used to it." N O a:1~;::::::-~ ..... s:;,..::: Q.) u~rov, rof+:l > ro ,S .c: z;; "'i=: :::, Q)~~~::> ......~ro o.'Of-i,.o ~ i:;..C:VO~ Cl1 .... s:; ~ro~...5 ro!i~ ocat"".... oubnwro vO o :l vf--1 _, U E 0 b1l i-., f--! Zr - 0 Q.) - ...., t,:I P. bl)~ t':S 't1 ...... N O i:: s:; ro Q) roc-,;,..9~ o..C11.r::: N~AAc--:iro v,'O...., ~lO::, k Seated erect in his jeep, disregarding any danger, Gen. Douglas MacArthur crosses a span on hastily-constructed planks on top of a bombed-out bridge piling near Camiling, Luzon. The gen• eral was on his way to Manila to keep a three-year-old promise-·'! shall return." This is an offi .. cial United State Army SigE.4L. Corps ~~~otograph. �~-1'\-'t-S ,-~~·"' MacArthur's Troops Push on ~oward Manila Japs Massacre 60 More r z,9 ;,ontlaued f .>m Pare 1) tb .alions ot the 148th and 129th .try regiments met heavy fin Only 10 of 70 in ilfanila Church Refuge Escape Manila-(.4>)-The wanton slaying They were cut down after running of at least 60 priests and women a few steps. Still others reached st and children refugees in De La ~::rd ;~~'':[ap~?.d b~f~v!t!r!f~u;~: Salle coBege in :Manila's Malate tered on the stairs. Still others district by Japanese soldiers was reached the chapel before the Jap~~~e~~iu!:i~~d~~d]:~th recovery of anese killed them, at the doorway Of 70 persons caught in the college only 10 survived, said one of them, Fr. Francis J. Cosgrave, 47, a Redemptorist priest of Sydney, Australia. Fr. Cosgrave, recovering from two bayonet wounds in Santo Tomas hospital, said that until last Monday the Japanese garrison had remained in one wing of the col- a}~.e~~~g~:~~r:s!~~e~l~a:~matically. After the first attack he found himself under two or three others. He remained there until 10 o'clock that night. The'1, when all was quiet, he crawled painfully up the stairs into the chapel where he hid ; beneath the altar. Although suffering two chest bayonet wounds he remained hidden in the chapel , ~~~~ Ott concrete piJiboxes and upper otrs of battered buildings. Bo The First cavalry cUvlslon, rathe flnt unit to enter Manila 'a week" ago Saturday, now haa Joined the 31th In the flrht 900th of th9 Paalg. Headquarters disclosed the First cavalry • truck east through New Manlla and then south, crossing the Pasig river near San Pedro MakatJ "to operate in conjunction wttb the 37th division." New Manila ts a mile north of liberated Santo Tomas internment camp. 0 ~e;;• r':t~~!eie~~i~~~~p~hea:i:~:~~ ;~:~/~!~:s 8°n~'~!:~e~~a~~=~ 1 CORBEGIDOB BLASTED Then, last Monday, the Japanese for holy communion. He frequentIn the M~nila bay sector, where stormed into the priests' room as Iy crawled from his hiding place to Tokyo radio has reported th@ the religfous group and refugees administer extreme unction to , American navy is preparing an were finishing a simple lunch. those who were dying from wounds~ i entry, bombers blasted the island A Jap officer screamed some- Nearly half of the 70 victims were{ fortress ot Corregidor and Mart• thing, then fired point-blank with women and chi1dren, many of them velea on th~ south tip ot Bataan a pistol. Then 20 Japanese soldiers babies who died whi1e reaching to- penln• ula with 101 tons of explocharged into the sobbing, terrified ward the protection of their par- live•• throng of yictims, firing guns and ents' hands. Some had been bayoDespite the bitter • tow fight slashing right and left with their neted repeatedly. within Manila, where large 1ectora bayonets. Ten ot the victims were be1ie\·ed of non-mnttary structures have Bodies of the victims were found to be American priests. The othC'rs been bla• ted and tired by the eneas they fell in the blood•smeared included 14 German 2 Irish broth• my, today'• communique 1ald the interior or what once was a mod- ers of the Christia,; Brothers or• • ttuatlon Is improving. ern coUege. Some evidently raced der, a Spanish family. a prominent "The spirit and morale ot the out into the :flrstafl.;;o~o;;:_ r __:_h:::a::: !l.: " .: 'a.::, y;_ • .:F;,,;i:;; li,:; P:.: in:.:o.:J:·u .::.:d:::g.: • ..:•:.:n:::d.:2:..;;d.: o::.; ct.o,_ r s••___ civilian population remain at the 1 highest," headquarter• aald. A g-roup of Genc-ral MacA1·thur's Philippine in,·adc-rs and church on the way to Manila on thC' island of Luzon. Yank troop~ han• ml"t Yery 1ittlc ll!erious oppoc.;ilion from the Japs so far, though it is reported that some Japan<'~e units have Janderl to the rE'ar o[ th<' American lin<'!ii. FOOD IS AMPLE MICH., TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 13, 1945.-H "There la ample food and relief agencies are active and efficlenl Order ls maintained." The movement of the First cav. airy at Manila tends to curl an arm around the embattled southern sector. In addition to moving cloae to San Pedro Makati, its patrols were report e d operating through the Mariklna valley to the east ot the city. , A continuing tough tight In the auburban • area on the 1outhern edge of :Manila was Indicated by the communique reporting the 11th airborne division ..ls clearing Nichols field." Those Yanks reached Nichols field, at the edge or Pasay, a week ago today. MUSKEGON< pital Ponders esident's Left ; f Center Course "BIG TIIBEE" CONFERS IN CRIMEA-Prime Minister Churchill, President Roosevelt and Premier Stalin, left to right, pose for a photo in an interval at their conference at Yalta on the Crhnean coast. (Associated Press Wirephoto). On all 11n, were tile 'frlenda and time overdue.• comradu t'lf the dark da:,a of Ba+ + + taan and Corregldor and among Tbe pneral vll!te<I .,,,ry • ectlon the llrr. of thoH to reach hi• aide of the prl• on and oent' offlc..-. wu the wife of Brig. Gen. earl ahead to ten the liberated men he Sealea of Birmingham, Ala., :Mac- wanted no one to at.and at attenArth\lra former adjutant general tlon. lmprl• oned In Japan with Lt. Gen. "I don't need any guard• here.'' Jonathan Wainwright. he said, "and I don't want &nYon• Clasping the slim woman fn a 1tandtng at attention. I am among warm embrace, General MacArthur my- own men. I &Ill one ot them.'' laid: To the 1>rl1oners, the men bound 0 Well, Marraret, you look ftne-a to him by the commonly • hared little thin-bu~ ~~"!,~~~• and deapalr of Bataan, The cruh ot American arttnery ..1 owe you a Jot. Now that rm ftre • book the building, machine- tlnalty here rm going to do everyruna chattered trom position• along thing I can to get you aH home th~ rtm ot the camp and choking quickly as poa• lble. You're all gocloud• of 1moke from the blazing Ing home and you've got Iota of downtown aectlon of the city drift- happy • urprlae• coming." ed over as General MacArthur + + + • tood in the center of the cheering General MacArthur'• tour of the crowd, an apparently obllvtou1 of prison was conducted by Capt. the battle 1tsht1 and aounds. Fred 0. Nasr, dental officer InterA brief, dramatic ftag ralalng nee, of Omaha, Neb. ceremony waa carried out ln front He plied Capt Nur with qui •ot the bu1ldtng and General Mac- tlons about the prison and • hook ft!•·: = to C:.d..t., Clal'll :.w do tral LUSOIC>th J P prlaon th: i!zon army ~ rowa on rows of ot the victim• of march" were llt beer bottles canou the~ b the brut Y + + Making no attemi deep emotion, Genera saluted twice over beaten cl'088es in E cemetery. He then le Unea of sorrow fl grimly set face. After the general h' Chief Pharmact• t J Kentner, of Buffalo, J an honor. "I wu the fl.rat mt bid prison to • hake General MacArthur/' he IL ~,1~ I:~-;!!! 0 • ., •.5 g :i.:a i ... .s;ij I: "'..: ~ 0 1~ ! .,j E ~ c.5 \I) ~ I Oo ' rl D. ~ ~BH .S';jil: I:! .ll.!! !Ia Ci i ::E Lo;: ~c. u u ·cut .!:~!~~ u;; • •;; r.Z"S,ta_,,; ::s ., C p; ::E,s.,1·· I: .st~ j Ill j c( !!! 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NO • • • •sdno.cf 01- Juµ.taJa.X 1IJ 1ent1d eql Ju1sn AJ.t'8Jn,jUJS u'SJ88U .mo Ol .ioq.nrq i'IJ8.d &Jill suOOo,, UOJ.109 eq1, Pl'BS .fflltl.IV.>1JW ·.1-eaA "8 neq 1sowre Uoztt'l uo uaaq p-eq sa.>JOJ UOJS"BA -uJ .11aql 1nun h-eq aql asn Ol 01q-e -un &'B.M. 1aau esau'8d-e.r aq.r. ·pu1J1s1 J8&.""1 aozn'l papvAuJ .1nqpyo'BN .ialJ'B l(aa.M. 'I? -pu'8 ql,txOUI 'B l88lJ sa+'81S pa:JlOfi eq1, 0l Avq 'BtlUt?W auado ,oppluio::> 10 :;I::>NVllJlO:;IS • • • ·s.iadooJl'B-l'Bd aql tflJ.M. &Jnl -~unr '.IJllii.i '8 pa1oaii:a pu'8 pU'BIUJ -pa:>U'BAP"II uaUlA..llUBJUJ tfltC:: 8tf.L ·pa+-e1a.1 a.1ap'8nbpl!aq ,/uon'8001sJp a+a1dwoo o+u!,, UOSJl.Il3i asauoddJN 8l{l A\8.It{l •>1u11,._ 5unq~!l-CillVH :;IS:i!H;t (1 0511.1 wo,1 panunuo()) Jop16aJJOJ Manila- (JP) - Unopposed Ame can invasion of Samal island, j of! captured Davao City, was nounccd Thursday as bitter :fig ing rage-d on the Mindanao ma Itnd, where doughboys sought outflank a Japanese force whi has virtually isolated a Yank b talion. Meanwhile the Australian-Du campaign on Tarakan island, Borneo, neared completion. allies held all of Tarakan Ci seized strategic 'Api hill, and clo in on the Djoeata oil field. T already have the big Pamoesian lleld. Yank, Prote<'t Flank. Toklo radio reported Ameri 1\egro troops were fighting Tarakan. Elemcn ts of Maj. Gen. Ros Woodruff's 24th infantry divl invaded Samal island Tuesday protect the American flank in drive up the Davao gulf co There were few, if any, Japan believed to be on the island. Other units of the 24th divls established a bridgehead ~. cross Talomo river, west of Davao C in a flanking move to liquidate Japanese force which, in a count auack Monday, almost ringe United States battalion. There no further word on how this talion was faring. The 31st division under Maj. Clarence Martin advanced se miles eastward from Kibawe, central Mindanao, while ano col urnn moved northward and gaged a Japanese force near southern airstrip of the Mara airdrome. Red Arrows Advance. Elsewhere in the Philippines 25th and 37th divisions on north Luzon fought fiercely as they proached the important Ba pass in an encircling move. 32nd division advanced 700 y along t1i'e Villa Verde trail nea East of Manila, the 43rd divi speared within three miles of dam, source ol at least one-thir the capital's water. �RED ARROW OFFICERS SING PRAISES OF UNS UN~ NEW GUINEA FIGHTERS 'Nobody Saw Them; They Were Heroes Just the Same' 6- "Nobody saw them fight and no-, body saw them die, but they were heroes just the same." This sincere tribute, in praise of the men of the 32nd division at Sanananda, was made by Capt. :i,t,, - 4- s Alfred Medendorp, 1914 Stafford ave., SW., and Capt. Russell J. Wildey, 833 Oakleight rd., NW., veterans of New Guinea campaign now home on leave. The two officers were eager to point out the heroic action of local men in their outfits who had received no mention in news dispatches sent out during the Papuan campaign, + + + RE(JALLING the march over the Owen Stanley mountains in which he commanded the antitank and cannon companiel:s which led the way, Capt. Medendorp mentioned the work of Sergeant Maurice DeMey of cannon company who 1 • made a very creditable record for himself in' the mountains. He was usually on reconnaissance and that meant playing hide and seek with Jap patrols in order to get information back to us." + + + STAFF SERGEANT THERON ROSE shot the first Jap for the division. It happened on Nov. 7 during the Wairope patrol. "Everyone saw Rose's man :fall and that was the l!lignal to begin firing," Medendorp 21aid, Capt. John n. Shirley, commander of I company, and Capt. Roger Keast, commanding · antitank company, who established the Sanananda. road block on Nov. 30, were personal friends of the two returned officers. "It look all day to put that block through," they recalled~ "Those companies had to figPt every inch of the way." + + + Moments Are Lighter Now THE DEATHS of these two ofHome from three y0ars' service in the South Paclftc, Grand ltapficers-Keast was killed on Dec. lds Red Arrow men are pictured in some of their not--so-serlous mo-1 and Shirley on Dec. 2-were felt ments. Above, Capt. Russell J, Wildey (left) and Capt. Alfred Medeeply by all their men. S/Sgt. Joseph J. Kramarz, an- dendorp look over some notes the latter wrote concerning parts of the Papuan campaign. Below, Pvt. Don Miedema, left,, and T-Sgt. other Grand Rapids man, met his death Dec. 6 while on a patrol LeRoy Stutherd) right, do a pantomime of the old army song, Some Day I'm Going to Murder the Bugler. Pfc. Lyle Bieschke, !th 80 men lead by Maj. Bert eeff and Capt. Wildey. They were center, was company bugler during their training period in Loulsl.. ttempting to &et through to the ana. before going overseas. ad block. ther local men mentioned in ntervlew included lit Sgt. by automatic fire from the front home were instructors at an am• phibious training school. d I.eater, lit Sp Jack Weo- and left flank. d Technical S1t. Bert A. He was evacuated to Port Mores• + + + ski, by because of very serious wounds ON THE WAY home their 1hlp ildey was wounded. Dec. and a few days later was joined stopped on the New Guinea coast on which won him the there by Capt. Medendorp who had long enough for them to v.isit the ed service cross. He to be sent back because of malaria. military cemetery at Soputa, This g his men against a The two friends were 1 'boarded cemetery now contains the graves ended Jap eector and out' 1 of the regim·ent eventually of a.11 the 32nd men who were killed penetrate the enemy because of malaria and at the during the Papuan campaign, r being stopped once time they left Nev..'.'. Guinea to come bodies having been moved there from Buna, :from along the mountain trail and wherever elBe they fell. Capt. Wildey disclosed the fact that the cemetery was on the exact location where the third battalion was briefed before the Americans made first contact with the Japs on the Sanananda track. "It is beautifully landscaped,'' Medendorp added, "and •a native-, built chapel is located centrally on the grounds. Bushes with flam colored and yellow leaves are planted around the circular drives.'' The men drove down the road to the old main front and identifle,;:l several familiar Points along the way. They even ~ound foxholes and slit trenches they had dug near the battalion command post. "It seemed queer to be standing upright, walking without caution and talking- as loudly as we pleased," was their comment. They stopped agaht for a moment at the cemetery on their way back to the ship. ';We were in the midst of a host of frlend1 and acquaintances-yet not a sound." Othe'r Red Arrow veterans who have returned recently include Private First Class Lyl~ Bieschke, 912 Arianna st., NW., and Private Don Miedema, 877 Crosby st., NW, They were accompanied home by Technical Sergeant LeRoy Stutherd of White Cloud. Miedema was in the antitank company going over the mountains and the other two were in Shirley's company, The three were together in the road block for the 23 dayfi lhey were there. Jul!t before Christmas their units \ were relieved and they went- back to the main lines to their first hot meal in nearly a month. "Everyone of us got sick on that meal," they said. "We just ,weren't used to it." + + + THE LAST TIME the three servicemen saw each other in New Guinea was in a hospital at Port M;_oresby. They next met in a mess hall at a camp in California, after dist?mbraking from the same troopship. All the way Jrom the south Pacific they had been on the 15ame boat and not seen each other. "I was busy taking care of pa,. tienta," explained Bieschke, who was assigned to the medical detachment after the Papuan campaign. He even gave a blood transfusion on the way back. . The White Cloud soldier will report back to his base in New Guinea when his furlough is up, but the two local men will report tg Miami Beach for reassi~nment. · • 'Big Three' 1n Conference at't-S Yalta Palace, Crimea ~-13· ~rime Minister Win:-;wn Churchill• (back to camera lower Jeft) M h • President. Franklin D . .Roosevelt (right rim of lab! ) b ' f ars_ al Joseph Stalm (.second from left around table) and To the left of President. Roosevelt are Adm Willtant L;~~ m~mG ers ~ the1r staffs as they met in conference at Yalla Palace, Crimea. · Y an en. eorge C. Marshall. (AP \Virf'p!ioto .frnm Signal Corps). -'-th. �SIXTIETH YEAR TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 6, 1945 **** PRICE FIVE CENTS YANKS ARE APIDL Y CLEARING ENEMY THO S FROM. MANILA . ' .............. Gen. Do dared M, "'Howe.er,H hu-Aadded ftnniy, Surviving laps' Doom Is Sealed "we ahall not rest until the enemy la completely defeated. "Japan fa oar ftnal goal, and our motto la 'on to Tokyo.'., The commander of the Am.er,,. lean Army of Liberation In Manila sent the message to Bilibid Prison Captured and 1,350 Prisoners Liberated President Roosevelt In reply to the President's message to the Fillplno people on the fall of lllanlla. By C. YATES McDANIEL ABSIE, 1111111 la'-it = ~ ~ ,.......... ; • flll'4 1l r/1"\ f-t ~ \I..J ~ u i /11111111 W'-1 ~ ;z Q ~ c..') ! E1 i 3 ! ': 5 i 1 ! 8~;=12,gif~:;~~-s fail.cc. =~_s ... ;;,.-Q,) . G,)g= ::i!!i t .. ~~~iasr.=s~~-=.!: § i~~ ;~Q- g ~~ ~ r-i_ e OG,)01:1 ~!:=.! fil,8].,;; =~ 11]:a...,c-,..! go ~~.ctfai -~G)-=•--c0.c: 0 °J Gl~CIII R'.!::: ~-c,~ ~!f§"'-5•t; 0 l;:t ~~~bE~~Q;===tcic;,> E-tC.t.t1•...... » .::~..., c E,,f~ ~ ci,3'.G.)::.CG,)0 :c ..~ .!: !: ~ ~ ~- ~ ~ : 3 ~ G,) .. e;....., ... 0.~---=.8 = Q,)-.c: Cl:!! ~II! ~ 1.e i ·; ~~:.::-<;.e~~ ~.::: rf) 'Cl 0 L la'-it ~ I T IIS _Two of the_ main bridges span- ::: i ::E ~ - I ~ s::' if::; 3 "g f! .5 ~ ~ ~.e i ~~ ; 'i !;l ,2§ ~" t: _g ] ~ en s ~ ,.,,,, tM 0 ., .o ~t ca "0 ctJ O .t:l _ C:S c "iii .~ ~ >. w ntng the Pas1g river through the center of Manila were blown up by the enemy. These were the beautiful Quezon bridge and a structure named the Ayala, to the south. . On the wes~ern Luzon front thP. .., ·;Americans gamed complete control 2 ot the ba~e of the Bataan peninw ~suia, trapping any Japanese in that :5 ~rea. ·- - - ci, _, 5 'g b ] - ;, 'g .S :f t= ct1 ~ O 'E 'g ~ ~ ~ ,8-§. .c: C1> .c; ~ .!( 0 _, ~ =; i ~ ~ g c .c E: _g :: 'tu ::: _: ~ e.o ~ 2 :5 •- c Cl.I :, ::> ~~ it: f; .c Eo ,8 .~ ;; . ;:: O - .c: l:: F ~ f ~ ~ ~ o i:: i:i...., - ~ 2 g 2 ci, >...., 4"1 "o S ; p., 8 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ £ w ~ rii .o ;; -g ~ ~ 1 @ t ·m ,!I:: ·s;: :t: o .c = s:; . > i> "' w i... t: ·- ..c ::: 5 • ~.., Cl.I g 2, Cl.I £ ~ ~ 'ci 'fl ~ i ::=: .c 5 ° ~ :. . fil >. . "CJ - Es:: :is:: ""iii"'§ "0 "'tis .... >. o i... ~ c.ci~ E ;;; ~ c::: 0 :§. -I' :i g.:3 -~ ,:: >. 'ci 0 - .g ;; -o b _, '5 .2: ~ ~ - >. :~: ·-:3 .....c: E11 g-;a ctJ > '0 "'.o >-. - "Cl~ c: .c ..c ht~ ~o .8 f C: :e ...... c::: ~ 0Ill ~ «I.!::.'~ ~~ =.s~uc s15c•~-~-= ~-- •~ ~ I'.!~ t 411 ~ Cl.I o := CJ ~ ~ "t ~ ~:: 1 § ~ o:.~ • .5::g ::5 ~-nt;:S ~,!I:: ~.o ,,0,J;) i... i:; _ui O ~ ;::s .... .a"; 1: o ii~ I :f :! ;,,.g ~ ~~ C: C gg_s"o ii~; ..... 5 ~ bO~ :a ~ §~·;·f:: J. ., V; :5 i S. . .5 CJ·-< -5 e: = k.J - - .... - ~ -~ Cl) t·-Q.)'Ek~f-,-~ ,ou .8-:::c:: 411 asaso= ,::u,4)0 -z~?.!::~ Q.) _as'-'~ ~ . ! I t '"'fo ~::;..c:111i i ci,:::ig";jc..bCP--cb~ ~ 1-o tllla:sf;a ... (l.):: .... ....,Q)U:::.~o oC::o.Sc: bO e- =~.e.e-cri:u,VQ.)s:;.S=:g.~jro!;uN ..,~.s:gt::~.s-gq:l u ~....,·§'~:oo ~ § ft 8 ~ _ ~ ~ -~ ~ ~ i -5 ~ e~ 0 .g-; cd Q II) ... .... ;;_«I-;' a c5~ Q) ; ~g:~~~'g ~ ~~ ~ f ~ ~ ~ f ,::~~ O~(l.)§o:1,,:,'0~~..c::t:o=i8asc::~; "" cii ~ -~ ~.~ "' s...., E..... ~..... ;; ·as o 3:Eil ~=i~ t·C ~ ~ t § f ~ 1: 'g E ~ "g .c °8 ~ v-v,-o ....,ce<~. cc ~ :C :E 8 imminent. the Eighth army, 1n a forced march of 35 miles, drove into the east Saturday night followed by the th division from the 37 north. The 37th division seized vermininfested Bilibid, 10 b!ocks south ot _S anto Tomas, whose internees were saved by the First cavalry. The three-way push left the J'apaneae no avenue of escape other, than in the direction of Manila bay, an area under the constanJ bombsights of American planea. An NBC broadcast quote ce ... Cl) «I~ cd .~-=~ ~ogi .... ro.5(2.)c: _oi..r.,..c:O\;a::.;;;-;:;c.i..c:(l.)'C!li g'"' ~~·2.5 t>s ~ ~ ~ .s O ;; eg,c~<t: .EBS::iwQ)<~-~2 c: C:-'~o~sc:: ·EA . '0 ~~a g_~.g ~ s &> 5-~ ~ ~ ~ g~ ·C g ~:.: » "o-g ~~ bllf;~ ~..c:g•~....,~~:.; ~.C ~.5~ ~~ s ze :5 5:: ~obll~A:,r.::.::ain&.c-'J;)~.g_g.o~~~~ b('"C ~ c: Cl) • O' Ill ... u - Cl ......... '0 i::. ::=: -o u O as ~ ~-o,S~-5~.c;a5.!t:·a;~"v!:lE ~;.so:12 ~ <8«1 ~ ... ........ g o 'vi... .....t Eu:::i...i...~ ? ~ § §-~ :2 .S f; ~ ~ ~ ~ blJ ~ uoo- ... 1-:i~~-=Q1 . . . I.First the city from the south after the cavalry had penetrated from ~Q)o~ v.:.;::.S.,...c:"::1.,C::'-<E~:::iS :,::5 .... '"'~ E..c:U!. ... :5 - : : 0 ~ _ ,,:,~·.-."gtij . The_ 11th airborn~ d1v1s1on of ~ ~ c:;~ g 11 ! ~ ~ o ~ ~ ~ ~ 2·~ :i ~:;a~ tii .5 f-o i :E 6 ; t ~ g ~ 5-g.... c::: ~ : ~: i ~= ~·~~:-o~ o·a as-g ~ti'g~.S-b b. '0 ~~-g ~.c UJ=§ :~ ~~ :~t.g . 5:u.~ ... z1g.s:::s~~ di;:>~~~-]8.oe~. ~f~~..: 0 r: Associated Press Writer .s . . . • ] :a'g=.s~~]~B co•all)-t~ .... ~ ~ ~ Cl) :s;g 51,ffl er.:.$ t :i:: ~ broadcasting station in Europe, th as saying the I MANILA (Tuesday) - As a three-way trap doomed any Japanese regldor. are wi drawing to Cor- Japanese within the city, Gen • Douglas MacArthur today hailed One temporary haven oould be "the fall of Manila" where liberating Yanks have added 1,350 Bataan peninsula, where Amer!- Allied prisoners held at filthy Bilibid penitentiary to the more cans andndFllipinos made their he- than 3,700 saved at Santo Tomas. 1942 role. sta announced In · Today's A triumphant of the five-star general made it mumque Eighth comand . . proclamation . . Sixth army columns have junctured clear the hberat10n 1s, 1n the broadest sense, already accomat the base of the peninsula and plished with three Yank divisions "rapidly clearing the enemi control all roads leading into it, from Manila." He said destruction of all surviving Nippone~ IIP ___,, American E -~3 6 ~.c < __~0 fv,_,ei,_,~ o ~ 1 :-;: Tokyo', New hur Motto 1_____ ' 1 �GRAND SIXTIETH YEAR RAPIDS, MICH., MONDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 1945 **** PRICE FIVE Clillrn MacArthur Bae in Philippine Cit S,000 CJVlLIANS IN pRJ.SON Santo Tomas is perhaps the area in Manila cluaest to the' hearts of Americans and British. Within Santo Tomas th< American and British civilians - 3,000 men and women &' one time - have waited deliverance for three long yean Liberation of the prisoners began unmediately Sund&: Santo Tomas Concentration Camp Taken; 1st Cavalry Leads It was just three years and six weeks ago that the las• night; units of MacArthur's tired outnumbered Filipino and A.mer· ican forces the cavalry capital. and 37th infantry divisions al· With theleft First ready within Manila, a new paratroop invasion behind enemY' lines in Batangas province spearheaded the 11th airbOrne' division's drive along a straight, downhill road 18 miles f By C. YATES McDANIEL GENERAL MAC ARTHUR'S HEADQUARTERS, Luzon (Monday) UP) - American troops reached the heart of Manila yesterday and raised the Stars and Stripes over the great Philippine capital for the first time in· more than three years. Yanks of the hard-hitting First cavalry division, in a wide encircling move by dark, entered the city Saturday nigh· against harassing sniper fire and quickly captured Malacanan palace and the large Santo Tomas concentration camp where thousands of Americans and British civilians were internee The northern half of Manila, Pearl of the Orient, was i' American hands as elements of the First cavalry and 37t: infantry division, the latter entering from the north, presse~ for the knockout. the southern fringes of the city. FIRST CAVALRY LEADS The First cavalry division, lighting in memory of thei former commander, Lt, Gen. Jonathan W. Wainwright who: was captured by the invading Japanese in early 1942, wa: 1 theGen, iirstMacArthur's to enter Manila, triumphant communique Sunday saio advance units of the First cavalry were guarding the Santo Tomas internees "while the rem.tinder of the division I~' coming up Tokyo from the east." reported that American fore, (Radio strangely had been "cut off" in the Clark lield area - 40 miles nor of Manila - and "are now on the verge of being isolated. The enemY radio made no mention of MacArthur's entr1, NORTH PART OF CITY TAKEN into Manila,) SNIPER FIRE JlEAVY MacArthur reported that considerable harassing snipe: lire was being encountered in Manila "and the enemY seem•, , to be attempting demolition destruction." ·------" smoke had been observed over the city's great waterfroal ~M Bet. "I u"" YW"' .,,ro~""'· ;,ruooOn•"" ··- an,-· k d •-•• ,~k ,.,snti~ '"~ '"" ''"'• • ••~•i '" It Lo 0 >•e•• > R••••" Bri•~ A.-,,, P<= oo•-•"'"'• _ .......,.~.::.••™• "-• re fhe ,~"" " ' ' Fm¢= mm "'"'" ,,,. """ ""' ,...,., ::,;-' =P ,!:""""" • '!: ••, •• ~, • ,"- • ,., ~,m.,• '"' •"""..,. ,..,... P ~-•~'"'II:...,;,,/;;:.~•• :,.:: -••• M, ,u<-"~' ...,, ",ooo~., M••""' • - ~-.. •.;. ';:" ,. --,.~• "·"'° ,.,- -""~· . ~•·--""'"""'"-- ,,,.,, ,,... ... In buildings. FR()M. NORTll AND sollTll This 11th airborne group seized T;,.gaytay in a parachute maneuver. This 2,000-foot heights dominates the Cavite naval base and ftne roads to Manila from the south, Thus, just 26 days after the initial invasion at Luzon at Lingayan gulf, Gen. MacArthur was back in the great com· ---~ monwealth capital. ~ . ,. ..~ ·- The Japanese in the northern part of the city offered no major stand, but explosions were heard and fires were seen south of the wide and deep Pasig river barrier which splits the city in two. The Japanese may put up a bitter and bloody fight for the historic and commercial center of Manila, but for those who might survive, there will be no escape. While the 37th division cautiously pushed through the Grace park airdrome from the north Saturday night, Fi cavalry spearheads circled into the city from the east an, Sunday morning reached Santo Tomas university grol.lllds' and threw . a protective cordon around it's concentration Japs Took Over army headquarters of the commanding general Dispatches Monday moriilng Indicated that the Japanese had deployed several thousand troops along the south of the Pasig river, the south bank of which is reportedly heavily fortified. e•m~•---------- j �... AND HERE IS ACTION ON THE NEW GUINEA FRONT , Nunica Soldier Dies"--2.0 in Action -If-').,_ Three more men were added to the growing list of war casualties in area of Grand Rapids and vi• cinity, according to word received here late Saturday. Lieut.. Edwin J. Nummer of Lowell, and Pfc. Abraham Bolle, Grand Rapids, were wounded, while a third, Pfc. William F. Roth, Nunica, was killed in action. Pfc. · Roth, 22, son of Mr. and Mrs. Glen Roth of Nunica, was killed in action on Dec. 4, according to a 'statement from the war department which reached the par• ents late last week. Formerly employed by Jarvis company, metal concern of this city, Private Roth left thei~· service upon induction into th~ ::i.rmy in April, 1941. He received his training at Camp Liv• ingston, La., and in Boston, Mass. From Boston, he was sent to San Francisco, Cal., and later overseas to Australia. Surviving are the parents, five l!listers, Uldine, Doris, 107 Packard ave., SE., Frances, Jean, Ruth and three brothers, Max, Richard and Raymond. Pfc. Bolle,, 22, son of Mrs. M. Bolle, 36 Stormzand pl., NE., entered service in October, 1940, and has seen overseas service since last spring in the Pacific area, where he was wounded in action. Two brothers of the wounded soldier are also in militray service, Pvt. Orrie Balle, 40, at Camp Shelby, Miss., and Sgt. Leonard Balle, 28, who is in the southwest Paci.fie front. Lieutenant Nummer was slightly injured somewhere in the south Pacific region, according to word received by his wife Saturday. Mr•. Nummer is a former army l ~ -40 -'f- 3,. Associated Press Wirephoto~ A YANK (left), Pv't. Earl Albin, of Plainview, Neb., watches as Aussies blast away at the Japs. The Aussies fire a three• inch mortar from a foxhole near the fighting lines where Allies have scored victories. IAllie~).r..Y~~i Drive in Newuumea UNITED NATIONS HEAD· QUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA. (Wednesday) (INS) - In a smas~ing drive through Japanese positions in the Buna battlefront of northeastern New Guinea, American and Australian jungle fighters widened a wedge on the. Jap ri~ht PFC. WILLIAM ROTH Nations h1gh command announced Tuesday. On the left flank, a Japanese I strongpoint containing 13 bunkertype pillboxes was leveled in & dusk attack Monday by AJiled ground troops, which moved in to mop up the captured ground after repulsing a weak enemy counter- 1 attack. Meanwhile, airmen of Lieut. Gen. George C. Kenney's command car• · ried out an extended attack on the Jap--held airdrome at Kavieng, New Ireland. Large fires were set by the raiding medium bombers, and one blaze burned for an hour and a flank, the United I ha.g~spite heavy anti.aircraf~. ftre from Jap ground batteries, all Allied bombers returned to their base, it was announced. Other medium bombers blasted the Jap airfield at Gasmata, New Britain, while heavy bombers eet ft res in the dispersa I areas or the Lae airdrome, 125 miles north of Buna, on New Guinea. I I I l nurse. She met and married the lieutenant while both were in service in Louisiana. He has been in service since October, 1940. Lieutenant Nummer's parents reside on a farm east of LoweU. He has two brothers in the armed forces, Pvt. L. J. Nummer of Camp Forest, Tenn., and Pvt. Oscar Nummer, in an evacuation hospital in the southwest Pacific. �TIN HATS By Stanton ls~est Christmas Pr';s~n""l for Americans on Buna Front Was Bundle of Home Mail A huge consignment of mail provided the best Christmas presents for American troops on th~ Euna front in New Guinea, according to a dispatch received today from George Moorad, American Red Cross representative in that area. Under giant palm trees, as U. S. artillery kept the Japanese on the jump along the Papuan coast, the American soldiers munched dried fruit and hard candy on Christmas eve, and talked about Christmas at home. along the Buna front. There are no gaily lighted Christmas trees, no holiday rejoicing among the men in jungle green. Around us are the eerie noises made by night insects, broken now and then by the crump of heavy artillery, But across the path near the mess tent a group of men softly sing ''Silent Night, Holy Night, All Is Well, All Is Bright." 'rheir cigarets glow softly under the giant palms. thre!=l of us, Red Cross workers, hj.ve spent Uie day in lines which Sfretch around the besieged Jap garrison supervising the distribuBy GEORGE MOORAD tion of American Red Cross packWITH THE AMERICAN ages. We saw natives carrying big FORCES IN NEW GUINEA (Delayed) - It is Christmas eve boxes along the sago swamps, men Movies in the dugout tonight? Geee~I hope they have a good ol' Western THRILLER!" ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Sunday)-(lP> -The Allies' ground troops in New Guinea have captured Cape Endairdere to the east o1 Buna village and Flying Fortresses have sunk a Jap cruiser near Madang, Gen. MacArthur's communique reported today. marching to the front with rifles and Christmas boxes. We sat in foxholes fn captured enemy pillboxes with soldiers munching dried fruit, har'd candy, and talking about Christmas at home~ [ Best Of all Christmas presents in this area was the huge consignment of mail sent up to the very front lines. I saw one lad with 20 1etters, some dated Dec. 11. Another just 50 yards from the Japanese positions, was disgusted. 1 ' Me in the jungle and my girl gets married.'' he mourned. We spent the night at an American receiving hospital 500 yards behind the lines. Capt. J. C. Campbell, whose wife is an American Red Cross worker in Great Britain, told me they were "burning up" their supply of blood plasma. It is particularly needed here because malaria makes direct transtusiort Jmpractlcal and also because of the many abdominal wounds which make feeding impossible. Maj. George Marks of Boston, commanding officer, said he was grateful tor the surgical dressings made by American Red Cross volunteers, but said his supplies were running low. He showed me boxes of dressings trom Portland, Ore., Detroit, Mich., and other cities. This portable hospital is revolutionizing wartime practice with major surgery along the front lines. Medical officers with whom I spoke credited their remarkable success primarily to the quick use of sulfa drugs and the b lood plasma contributed by thousands o! Americans back home. American soldiers inspect what was le!t 0.f a Jap. f<;>od supply dump after an American bomb hit. One soldier 1s examining the construction of some lap bicycles. __,,_-~~-~~~~=----------------- This curly-headed Guinea native helps oil on trucks. ~,_,i.:1nra1 rress UNITED STATES TROOPS STOP TO STUDY MAP IN NEW GU'!NEA~ \1. •:ll•~ Huge transport planes flew American troops across New Guinea to the Gona-Bun& area.- But before the soldiers reached Buna they had to hike through the tropical jungle for six days. This trio ef .United States officers is shown looking over map 1n the heart of. the jungle and checking the ·route before going on to capture the vital Jap-held b~es. This is a phonephoto. �Jap Toehold Menooed, The capture of the airstrip and 1Rout Japs From triangle left the Japanese only two major points of resistance in the Buna Barricades Yank Troops Capture. Series of 13 Fortified Bunkers rn "Bloody Triangle"; Find One Enemy Soldier Operating 8 Guns Foe Still Is Resisting Fiercely (By Associated Pr<!ss.) Hard .. fighting American troops in New Guinea were offic~lly credited Wednesday with the capture of the 41 bloody triangle,''" a series of 13 fortified bunkers bitterly defended by the Japanese, while other allied forces slowly closed a trap around the enemy's narrow beach corridor at Buna. • - --Front• line dispatches said the Americans drove out the Japanese piecemeal and then inflicted heavy casualties in beating off an enen;,:y counterMattack. With the smashing of the Japanese barricades, Euna airfield, from which Japanese bombers and Zeros once started raids on allied bases, fell completely into Amer• ican and Australian hands. , _3.-,..3 The field, now overgrown with tall jungle grass, was occupied ALLIED HEADQUARTERS fully as the American artillery, firIN AUSTRALIA (Sunday) UP) ing at point•blank range, smashed --General Douglas MacArthur the enemy's defensive bunkers. announced today that assaults Find \Vrecked Planes. have broken the back of Jap Only wrecked enemy bombers, resistance in the Buna area of their bright orange rising sun em .. New Guinea. blems still glistening in the sun, The noon communique, her• and damaged Zeros remained o:ri alding the approach of . co~u,e once•important field. American piete triumJlh for the Alhes m planes long ago had made it untheir bid for control of all usable for enemy planes with northeast New Guinea, also an• nounccd another devastating frequent bombings. Jeeps were moving up and down raid on Lae, above Buna. Huge fires were started at the airstrip within hours after its that Jap-held port where capture, hauling supplies, f~r the allied troops, who consohdated earlier in the week P -38s hacl their holdings and moved forward swept aerial interceptors from to attack new enemy positions. the sky after which bombers The fierceness of the Japanese deand attack planes sowde~ ~ fense was illustrated when Ameri1 struction ,mong groun e can soldiers mopping up one sector units and installations. found a single Japanese operating eiaht machine•guns by means of st;ings and wires rigged in a series. "Mopping up of captured positions is in progress," Gen. Douglas MacArthur's headquarters announced. "Our troops expaij.ded their initial wedge still farther to the west." · · I BULLETIN Cord on Buna Bag Tightens Buna area-the Buna government station and Giropa point where they may make their final stand. The triangle was formed by a fork in the trail which branched to Buna village and the government station. Thf.: bitterly-defended bunker triangle, about 1,500 yards from the coast, had been bypassed earlier in the allied drive toward the Buna government station. It was surrounded by allied troops several days ago, after tanks and infantry had forged ahead to smash through to the coast and then turn westward to advance to the end of the main Buna air strip. Enemy pockets in the area were reported being slowly squeezed to Allies Drive Wedge Into Japs, Narrow Pocket of Defense \ 1. - ~, - 't-:1.. UNITElD NATIONS HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Thursday) (INS)-Allied troops in the Buna Mission area on New Guinea are forcing the enemy into an ever•narrowing pocket and havedriven a wedge to the sea and split the enlttly'a defensive zon e, the noon coinmtfnique from General MacArthur's headquarters announced today. The communique follows: "Buna- In a tireless local assault the enemy is being fought into an l1 ever.narrowing area. On the left, I our troops have driven a wedge to the sea and split the en emy's defensive zone. On the right, an attack with tanks broadened and deepened their wedge, capturing much equipment inc~u~ing a threeinch naval gun, anh•a1rcraft guns, and a m~chine gun. Our a ir force is aCtive in supporting the ground troops. "Rabaul - In a dawn attack against enemy shipping in the harbor, our heavy bombers set fire to two large vessels of 8,000 to 10,000 tons each with direct hits by 500 pound bombs. An 8.000-ton transport was also directly hit in a mast higl'\ attack. Despite intense anti-aircrafl fire all planes re-turned. "Timar - Ou't attack plan es strafed F\liloro airfield and en emy occupied huts at Betano. "Gasmata-An Allied h eavy plan e bombed the airdrome." death. (By ) United Press.) The expanding allied wedges in the Japanese beachhead threatened to isolate enemy forces still holding out in a section of jungle and swamp about one mile long and only one thousand three hundred yards wide at its widest. The al1ied wedges are working toward Gairopa point, from the east and west, in a pincers movement. I Patrols Raid Japs. While the Buna beachhead was being slowly eliminated, measures were taken to prevent the Japanese gaining toeholds farther up the coast. Australian and American patrols were active around the mouths of the Kumusi river, 18.5 miles northwest of Buna, and the Amboga river, 9.75 miles northwest of Buna. In both sections small enemy patrols were killed or cap• tured. Douglas A20 attack bombers strafed the Amboga area and the na.tive village of Lokanu, which is occupied by the Japanese. Allied Catalina patrol bombers Tuesday night attacked the Jap• anese airdrome area at Kavieng. on New Ireland, dropping 250• pound bombs on hangars, runways and dispersal areas. One of several large fires burned for more than an hour, the pilots said. ConsoJidated Liberator bombers attacked the Lae airdrome, starting fires in the dispersal bays. I The Guy to Get m 1943 ~n's\ilNb WOUNDED HOLIDAY GREETINGS HOME, The holiday season was made much brighter for at least four local families through receipt of encouraging reports from boys in New Guinea. Three soldiers reported wounded sent word since that "all's well." Sgt. Herbert Wendlandt, wounded Dec. 5, reported in a letter to his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Paul Wendlandt, RFD No. 1, Comstock Park, that he is 40 getting along fine." Sgt. Richard B. Misner, son of Mr. anjl Mrs. Roy Misner of Comstock Park, and Staff Sgt. Richard Mooney, son of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Mooney, 1030 Prospect-av., S. E., botti. cabled greetings and news they are recovering. Mr. and Mrs. Richard Platte, sr., 153 Valley-av., N. W., had received no word from their son, . Sgt. Richard Platte, jr., since Nov. 2, but he, too, has cabled his gree_t· ings. He has two brothers m service, Pfc. Herbert Platte, with the coast artillery in the Canal Zone, and Pvt. Gerard Platte with the marines in Hadlock, Wash, 1 Right in der fuehrer'1 face we'll say that this is probably the ugliest mug we've ever set eyes on, Wtler's hair and mustache, Hirohito's eyes and gold braid and Mussolini's famous chin make this grewsome composite that • hould Inspire every soldier to fight harder, every civilian to bUf more war bonds in 1943. �Tokio General At Buna Slain \l.•l.1-~ Allies Tighten TraJl on Japs With Capturti of Endaiadere I -Central Press \Veary, dlsheveled American soldiers make their way back along a jungle trail carrying a wounded comrade on a Jitter after fighting the J'a ps at Buna ,in New Guinea. It was jn this bat tie that the enemy was driven from his positions at Buna. The pictur.at left is & closeup of one of the 1\mks there. • Allied Headquarters in Australia -(IP)-Allied tanks and infantry smashed Monday at dwindling Japanese forces trapped in a horseshoe pocket in the Euna Mission area of New Guinea, and allied headquarters said the enemy com- ; mander, Lieut Gen. Tornatore Horii, had been reported killed In action. The bloody trap was drawn tight• er with capture of the Cape En- Scene in Pre,{~;. --tFrom New Guinea, Shows Local Boy A photograph of their son, Pvt. Martin Bolt, appearing on the picture page of Tuesday's Grand Rapids Press, was the first indication in six weeks that Mr. and Mrs. Henry Bolt, 509 Hall• st., S. W., have had that he was wen. 'l'he picture, fjom New G"u,inea, showed Pvt. Bolt clear•' Iy as one of f o u r stretcher bearers bf i ng! ing~ wounded comrade from the fi gh ting PVT. BOLT, I' ~r;~ts tion. r "It's Marty, all right," Mrs. Bolt assured The Press. "But he's lots ~~~~~;' than he was when ~e we't daiadere region Friday by Australian shock troops, and Gen. Mac- I Arthur's command announced a general attack, spearheaded by tanks and artillery, was now under way against the Japanese rem- 1 nants on this right flank. A communique declared the "enemy's po- t sition is deteriorating." It was the first time the allies r 1 had used tanks in a general attack on this front, Foe Casualties Heavy, The Mikado's men at Buna Mission represent one of the last two remaining pockets of enemy resistance on the Papuan peninsula, aft- I er successive allied capture of Gona, Buna and Cape Endaiadere. 'The other pocket is at nearby Cape Sanananda. The allied noon communique declared ground had been gained in other sectors of the New Guinea battlefront, and added: ''The enemy's casualties have been heavy. The Japanese commander, Lieut. Gen. Horii, is re .. ported to have been kitled in action." No details were given of Horii's reported death, The Japanese still hold, however, the big strongholds of Lae and Salamaua, about 180 miles farther up the New Guinea coast. Allied airmen continued to hammer at Japanese forces on the New Guinea front, concentrating their attention on Madang north of Vitiaz strait, where the enemy was believed to have landed troops on Dec, 19. !~~';"fta~ el -NEA Telephoto GIFTS FOK GIRL FRIEND- \ ~ ' Zlo ' 't-.... CAPT, BYRON M. SHIPLEY, center, of Albia, Iowa, examines a string of beads in a New Guinea village and barter• for some trinkets to send o the folks back home. Payment Is American clgarets and canfft', Pvt. Bolt, who formerly was ployed by the Michigan Bell Tel • phone Co. here, entered the arm in April, 1941, and received hi~ training at Camp Livingston, La.t 1 , later was at Fort Devens, Mass.,' and went overseas about a year after his jnduction. He was assigned to a communications unit. He is a graduate of Catholic Central High school and of DavenportMcLachlan institute. His parents and his fiancee, Miss Virginia Cutler, 28 Grand-av., N. E., had not had any word from him since the middle of November, when he wrote that he was in New Guinea. �HALSEY SEES 1943 VICTORY 1Halsej Sees 11943 Victory SUNDAY, JANUARY 3, 1943 "We have goc@eV!dence -of-your~-;-we have enough rn-ateriel l atrocities and know where they het'e to conduc.t the offensives prewere perpetrated. They'll be prope1·- viously mentioned?" ly"~~~:~amoto: "You will be present at the peace if you are still _alive. Tha t peace will be in the White House but the White House will not be as you THE BELLS TOLL "No man in military histo1:y ever had enough men and materiel but he has always gone ahead and done it just the same." envisaged. "Have we passed from the defenAdmiral Includes "FINEST FIGHTING MEN" sive to the offensive?" Japan in Forecast "To the Amerlf,P..n people: "Definitely. All the Axis is heart.Under my coxnfnand the United ing the tolling of the bells. And of Axis Collapse ·i Nations in the south Pacific have we are doing the rope pulltng." He By J',. NORMAN LODGE ~1the finest :fighting men our coun- smiled. , try ever produced. They ai·e imbued i•Do you anticipate further JapaWITH THE UNITED STATES with a fighter instinct and it is nese action against the Solomons?" FLEET IN THE SOUTH PA• conceded we will not stop until "I foresee action -wherever we CIFIC 1(1Pl-Victory for the United there is a complete victory. n find one.'' Nations this year is the prediction "To th e Japanese pe.ople: h •ca"Do you mean that the Japs are . "That heavy rumbling you ear ?'• of ~d~u·al William Hal~ey,. com- now will gradually grow into a h~~-der t? fin~ now. , mandei of the south Pac1f1c force shock of bursting bombs the Definitely. b. f of the Pac_ific fleet. shrieking of shells and the 'clashi•Do you forese_e the ~.om mg o . The. admiral made this statement ing of swords on your own soil. the Japanese mamland. m an interview during which I You bad better stop now before i.t "I hope so." . learned that you don't beat about is too late." "You have given us messages to the bush when ,tal~ing to. him. Di- , Captain Miles Browning, chief of the Japanese war lor?s, the emrect approach . brmgs direct an• . staff, interposed, saying: peror, an~ the Amer1c¥l people, swers. . . "'I think the admiral will agree can ;rou give us a message to tl\e . ,1 wanted him to gaze into the tt is safe to .say at this instance flghtmg force~ as to whethe~ there c1 ystal ball t.o see what the year that we are engaged in a highly is a good hberty town m the , 1~43 would b_rm~ forth so I put the hazardous effort to rescue some offing?" I asked as. a personal fad1;,ect question. white women from an island where vor for my navy friends. th.ec::wy:~rg~:~d~~na~toii!e;, what they are m i?1minent dan~~r of TOWARD "LIBERTY TOWN" This was his answei. personal violation and death Admiral Halsey swurtg al'ound in "Victory for the Umt~d Nations. There w_as no further elucidation his swivel cha!r, pursed ~is lip~, Complete, absolute defeat for the or approximate location of the 1s- again let a twmkle come mto hts Axis powers. But let's not be land eyes and with all seriousness re- , stopped this time unitl we fix HANDWRITING ON WALL plied: things up so they will never"b'I""" "What do you thmk is the sig• "Liberty for the boys, yes. We able to rise again." _J mflcance to Tojo's recent ie- will by-pass all smaller towns and : 11This year?" marks?" I asked Admil'al H alsey. let them loose in Tokyo. That will 1 'iYes.'' "He· sees the handwriting on the be a liberty town they 'll really en''Do you Include .Japan?" wall," he replied, adding: joy." SOME HALSEY MESSAGES "It was only a month ago that he And if the dteamy look on his "Yes, air, and here's a few annihilated the United States fleet countenance meant what I tool< it messages I wish you would send to for the fourth time.'' to mean, Halsey will not be loath . -, to take liberty in Tokyo himself. J~f;~ ir~~o~:~: "Do you foresee a United NaHe was asked his opinion of 1 tions offensive in all parts of ?~•he young recruits and llaval reserves "As emperor and leader of world in a short space of time. in the Pacific. ~~~it~::~: ~~d :errut~ufa:rt~.ct~~! .~I definitely hope so," t~e ad"There ts only one W(1!.'d t? depeaceful peoples, _)"Our time is mlral said as his eyes tV:'i~kled. sc:!.'ibe them,'" Halsey said qmckly. short, "And I hope Hitler, Mussolll)~ a~,d "Superb. The officers a.n<l men of , "Tcf 'l'"ojo: Hirohito will see the same thmg. the USNR are . doing things we I "When you unleashed your "What is the importance of air d_idn:t dr~am the~ capable of, and coWa:rdly attack on Dec. 7 you ower as demonstrated in the Solo- didn t thmk possible. A.; for t~e started something you can't finish. P ?" a correspondent asked. regulars-God bless theln-there Is Beneath your veneer of civil• ower, when properly used nothing oll;r count_ry can do for ization lies the dominant instinct P • 1 th necessary them that 1s too good. to kill. Because of thls you have in conjunction w And as abruptly as the interview released the g1·eatest inslinct to \ ground a nd ~ea for~e~ ~~ a tremen- began it stopped. Halsey is like fight in the American people ever dous factor m war ate. that. in history. .. I I I I thin I m~:~; 11 Paul MaUon Views The ' ,--t· *~ Washington Scene ••• Paul Mallon, The Herald'& :Washington news analyst, re,. tnnnes his column today after a month's vacation, His articles from the nation's capital wlll : :~n:;.~pear regularly fn this 1 By PAUL MALLON WASHINGTON A _IDGHLY PLACED British authority expects the German war front to collapse and bring peace to Europe by April. ~oth~r British official, whose Opm1on 1s less to be respected than t~e first authority, has more defln1tely marked Easter, April 25, on his calendar as the ultimate day to which Hitler can hold out. Both of these opinions are o n 1 Y personal guesses - but well-made i\ ) }J /A )1 g~:~~s. are . not necessar1 I y based on any apeciflc knowledge of events to come, but rather represent superior judgment on the prospects which all can see - namely, the pressure of the Russian winter campaign plus the closing Anglo-America~ •trangle-hold on Italy, and lntensl• / lled bombing ot the continent (If ' not a new front fn northern Europe) should break the war--wW of the German army. J'apan ls another matter, a matter ot at le841l a or more. JU:: �Japs Are Slaughtered II in Droves in Buna Area \-~-'t~ 1 Foe Near Buna \ ,~_.,_,~plit by Allies! Wedge Is Driven to Sea. Isolating Two Jap Garrisons SEIZE BIG GUNS (By Associated Press.) The thinning Japanese defense lines near Buna, New Guinea, were ' split Thursday by allied troops that have driven a wedge to the sea, Gen. Douglas MacArthur's headquarters announced. "The enemy is being forced into an ever-narrowing area," a communique said. ••on the Jeft, our troops have driven their wedge to the sea and split the enemy defense zones. On the right, an attack with tanks broadened and deepened the wedge, capturing much equipment, including 3-inch naval guns, antiaircraft guns and machine guns." 1 The communique called the ground action "tireless local assaults.'' The allied wedge now was lodged on several hundred yards of beach between Buna mission and Giropa point, thus effectively isolating the Japanese garrisons at those point.s. Tanks Batter Japs. Fighting in the swamps and coconut groves of the Euna front reached a new intensity as the Americans and Australians hammered the desperate Japanese back to their last lines of defense. United States-built tanks smashed at the enemy's outer defenses on Giropa point until their cannon smoked with their own heat. In the Buna government station sector one expert anti-sniper, Pvt. Charles Hawk of Fostoria, Ohio, was credited with bagging four concealed riflemen. Guerrillas Defy Japs. The allied air force Wednesday ranged over the strong Japanese base at Rabaul, New Britain, to lay 500-pound bombs directly on two vessels of from 8,000 to 10,000 tons each and to hit an 8,000-ton transport in an attack at mast-height. The communique said that intense anti-aircraft fire met the allied flyers, but that all of the planes returned. Strafing of the Fuilaro airfield and a collection of huts at Bctano, on Timar island, also was reported. It was disclosed, meanwhile, that Australian commandos and Dutch guerrillas who have rejected .Japanese demands to surrender still are at work throughout much of Portugese Timar, blowing up bridges, burning camps and sniping at the ene-;ny-killing them in the ratio of 100 Japs to 1 commando. JapsPushed Into Pocket ,-~ Allies at Buna Close in on Last Foe Position at Sanananda (By Associated PreH.) Surrounded and facing annihHa• tion, the orily Japanese forces remaining in the Buna area of ~ew Guinea were confined Monday 1n a narrow pocket on Sanananda point by American and Australian troops, "The enemy's position is hopeless " declared a communique frQID Ged. Douglas MacArthur's hea'd- quarters, adding that allied troops already were moving up for the kill. Tersely the bulletin announced that the allies had "completed the destruction of the enemy's defeated forces" around the Euna government st~tion, a statement whic~ a headquarters spokesman ampllfied by declaring that 650. Japanese had been slain in moppmg up operations following the capture of Euna Mission. Japs Lack Ammunition. Capture of the Sanananda position will complete the destruction of Japanese forces which advanced to within 32 miles of Port Moresby only last September and will leave the enemy with no bases on the eastt-rn New Guinea coast south of the Lae-Salama ua area. Aw..td forces methodically engagcu ..~n ellartfuatm;; the last small pocket Qf enemy resistance reported the enemy troops wei:e short of ammunition and food. Their elimination is regarded as little more than a mopping-up operation. Enemy casualties included 60 prisoners, including 35 coolie laborers, Koreans among them. Members of the labor gangs showed obvious signs of maltreatment. They were undernourished. The laborers are being looked after carefully and not treated as prisoners of war. Bomb Jap Airbases. \-Vhile the allied land forces were writing the final chapter of the Euna campaign, allied heavy bombers stabbed again at Japanese bases on New Britain, blasting shipping and harbor installations at Rabaul and strafing the Gasmata airfield. Cloud cover prevented observation of the results of the Rabaul attack, but returning airµien said they saw flames rising from a 10,000-ton -ship which apparently had received two direct hits. Other allied planes bombed the Japanese airdrome at Madang, ·New Guinea, and the aldrome at Lae, where a medium bomber and two fighters were destroyed on the ground. \ By MURLIN SPENCER around, stopped, and blasted at the WITH AMERICAN TROOPS IN bunkers in a cocoanut grove. NEW GUINEA (Delayed) UP) - RENEWS ATTACK Japanese were slaughtered in Then it returned to the grove droves in the New Year's day push and, as one soldier said, "began by Australian troops, with Ameri- raising hell again." can help, which took Giropa Point, The fire of the tanks and the the Japanese command post in the Australian veterans was deadly. Buna area. Some Japanese were lying atop , Japanese lying atop cocoanut- airplane revetments in dispersal palm bunkers were mowed down bays at the end of an old air strip. by machine-gun · fire and others In one case a number were wiped fighting from inside the bunkers out by cannon and machine-gun .were flushed out and destroyed by fire from less than 30 feet. cannon, rifle~re and grenades as The cannon drove the Japanese Australian veterans teamed up out of bunkers. The infantry folwith u. S.-built tanks to take this pawed the tanks closely, tossing' strongly defended spot tear the grenades. Buna government station. Seven Japanese supported by While there was no official esti- waterwings sought to swim to mate of the enemy dead, the Aus- safety. American machine-gunners tralians spoke of "hundreds killed." commanded by Maj. E d mu n d AUSTRALIAN SHOW Schroeder of Oconto, Wis., wiped The taking of Giropa Point was them out. primarily an Australian show, but In anoth~r instance two Japathe American forces gave support nese were sighted in the ocean off by keeping heavy pressure on the Siwori village, northwest of Buna. Japanese between the Point and jLieut. Louia Chago11 el Rhi11elaad• the government station to prevent er, Wis., called to them to surthem from withdrawing troops to render. But the Japanese refused reinforce the Point. and were killed. The Giropa push wis the sixth WEAK DEFENSE time the 13-ton General Stuart The defenders had built a line ot tanks ~ad been used in the Euna bunkers from palm logs and had campaign. · even drawn up trucks and automoFlghting opened with a heavy biles as defenses. I was told, howartillery barrage from 25--pounders ever, that the bunkers were not so firing at almost point-blank range. solid as those the enemy had built In the early. morning t>:e tan~s at nearby Cape Endaidere, recentvy-ent into action with thei_r 37-mil~ ly taken by Allied forces. bm~ter cannon h~mmermg and A direct hit on the gas tank of their treads plow~ng the black one of the trucks sent flames high earth. Forty-five mmutes later the and soon ended the defense of that I ~~~-~~hge: d::::tes ~:~ p~:~~d t:ht~e Americans holding the narrow conidor between the station and the Point watched as the tank [pushed' into the white sand swung · · ' I particular sp9t. . Instead of making a frontal at:. tack, the tanks struck the Japs from the side to drive, through to the Point. Then the force turned westward and pushed to Giropa, creek, .which was their objective for the first night. Another force turned and started mopping up Jap remnants left between the Point and Sinemi creek, to the east, but this position was not completely cleaned up by New Year's night. (Later dispatches indicate that, except for snipers, the Japanese abandoned defense of the Point, swimming with life belts and on logs to reach their comrades at the government station.) I -------- AID IN NEW GUINEA, 100 YARDS FROM JAPS- \• :t - 't ' First aid is administered to & wounded soldier near Gona, New Guinea, le81 than 100 yards fro, the Jap lines. The dressing station was set up In thl1 fighting zone 10 that Au1trallan1, woun In the bitter Jungle fighting, could have their lnjurie1 attended to before they were carr ko1pltal1 In the rear. �W[!'; foMn 16arc GvA!RA.l'iTu A>~lll Strange Tales From Buna "f'Ro.l"tefi'ff'Y ,-s-'t:S 11:'7 ~ du/4AJJV(U_ rf ~ <z,d ~ J a,,;uf .,a F_"7 d, c:tL :r7:-u,,-,,a. ')v-M- ».Hd d'-'7'A.. ~ fe/ d_,._ ~_,.,k,a CM,£ ..,/v1~/4- 0-.{ zk ~-~ ~ . _ C / 4 ~ 71 cv-;t, ~~ ~ ~ a --/'~z,3if ~~ a u / ~ ;1/_;~ cfn,,tzA' $ ~ 1 c:U-,{ ~.-,4:fA ~~ , ;tt,(4.t_ '. - r~~..1-~~~~ f ~1rA,<~ ~ 1 ~M--- ~~ IZ,,/4:fJ~ '-'.,,,__~6ue" (7~ CT~ ~ :r<Y- t ,L4 ~~ Z,/q u~ Z/4e f f ~ ~ .J~_..u_,/4, f ~ ~ ~ . / a-..d7~ ")'.,.a,f µ.. ~ ; Mvy e,/~,rou Dropped by Japs on Guadalcanal This invitation to natives to join forces with the ' 4Navy of Nip-, pon" was d1·opped on Guadalcanal by Jap aviators. The- copy re-produce~ here is among the souvenirs Edward J. Kornoelje of the United States navy brought home wJth him wheti he arrived fo.r 1 a brief leave this week. How the natives were expected to read Eng• Ji,;h, even a Jap's version, was not explained. ¥,, ;t Greenville Soldier Huddles in Assault Boat With Dead Companion for Three Days (By Murlin Spencer.) With American Troops in New Guinea-UP)-There are men with strange stories to tell in the jungle swamps near Buna. They are bearded, weary men who have fought a long time against the Japs and are used to the heavy odor of death which hangs over the corridor. Capt. W. G. Page of Menasha, Wis., told me the story of Pvt. Thomas Jager of Greenville, Mich., who huddled in an assault boat with a dead companion for three days and two nights before he was able to get out. Jager, Sgt. Leon Gorski of Mil~ waukee and others were in the boat, which attempted a landing on the Japanese side of Entrance creek. The machine gun fire was extremely heavy and killed one man, who fell atop Jager. Bright Moon Blocks Escape. Jager and Gorski huddled in the bottom of the boat until toward dusk. lf'our Japs approached from the shore. Gorski said he told Jager to get ready and when he threw a grenade at the Japs to dive overboard and swim ashore. When the Japs drew close, Gorski hurled his grenade into their faces and jumped into the water. He said Jager apparently hadn't heard him, because he did not follow. A bright moon that night made escape impossible, so Jager remained in the boat. He stayed on through the next day and night and then a third day, On the third night he managed to get back, He brought the boat with him, Then there is the story of the old .44 pistol. One of our men captured it from a Jap. He was killed. Three other Americans carried it in turn. They were killed. A fifth man picked it up. He was wounded and sent to a first aid station. That night the station was shelled by a Jap mountain gun. Now the gun has been sent far back of the lines. No one at the front wants it. Pierce Enemy Lines. From a cheerful little guide, Pvt. Arthur Christofor of Milwaukee, Wis., I heard the story of five men who dared go unarmed through enemy lines to take medical supplies to an isolated company. They were Pvts. Ray Jackson of Arlington, Wis., Sam Scarfo of Youngstown, Ohio, Gerald McCarthy of Waterloo, Ill., Vernon A. Pyles of Lagrange, Ky., and, Capt. Rafael R. Gamso of New York city. Gamso stayed all night to treat the wounded and returned the next day. In an open trench under a baking sun overlooking a wide field, young Pvt. Frank Horvat of Akron, Ohio, told me of the long minutes he spent in the company of a Jap patrol the day before Christmas. He had crossed Entrance creek to the enemy side of the river and :1ad reached a point 10 yards from the Japs when they opened up with a machine gun, killing a man near him and forcing him to hug the ground. Later a seven-man Jap patrol came out and sat down near Horvat, examined the body of his companion but left him untouched. <lone Jap placed his rifle across my leg," Horvat related. "I was petrified and almost stopped breathing as I watched them through a peephole between my arm and helmet. Finally they went away." l-" _ ' YANKS ALERT, EVEN AT MEAL TIMEArmed guards keep watch for lurking .Taps whUe United States soldiers line up for chow somewhere In the New Guinea battle arlllO!ltba of Jungle warfare made them -ry of Jap tricks. F f • I �(iltt ffiran~ FIFTY-EIGHTH YEAR tmlb GRAND RAPIDS, MICH,, WEDNESDAY, EX'T RA PRICE THREE CENTS 27, 1943 C · President Reviews U. S. Troops in North Africa Meets Churchill, Maps Axis Surrender Plans F. D. R. Flies 5,000 Miles for Talks; French Leaders in Unity Yanks' Eyes Pop as Their Chief Greets, Eats Lunch with Them By WALTER LOGAN REPRESENTING AMERICAN NEWSPAPER CORRESPONDENTS IN NORTH AFRICA (Distributed by the Associated :Press) CASABLANCA (Delayedl-President Roosevelt, American Chief Executive to leave the United States in wartime and the first to fly the Atlantic, today (Jan. 21) inspected American troops in French Morocco, surprising them by his presence and leaving their faces wreathed in smiles. The President reviewed the troops from a jeep driven by Sergt. Oran Lass, from Kansas City, Mo., who was the proudest soldier in the U. S. army but maintained an air of impeccable dignity throughout. · In the jeep with the President were Lieut. Gen. Mark W. Clark, commander of the U. S. fifth army; Charles Fredericks, the President's personal bodyguard, and the general officer com- -------------l manding F. D.R. Covers 10,000 Miles in Air Trip CASABLANCA (Wednesday) (INS )-To attend the conference in Morocco with Prime l\linister Churchill, President Roosevelt undertook a drama tic round trtp aerial journey in an American trans1>0rt plane that had to cover more than 10,000 miles to carry the ~ ----t..~ during the inspection of the troops. Immediately behind the presidential jeep was another- with bodyguards, and the :following jeep contained Maj. Gen. George S. Patton, Jr., commanding U. S. troops in French Morocco; Rear Admiral Ross McIntire, the President's physician; and Earry Hopkins, presidential adviser. Riding in another car were Robert Murphy, American mini:;,'\cr for French Africa, and W. ·Averill Harriman. ITHEIR EYES POPPED .........,-. .. ,,..,.,.,.-_._LI...,... . , . _ ~___.. By WES GALLAGHER CASABLANCA, French Morocco UP)-President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill, in the most unprecedented and momentous meeting of the century, have reached "complete agreement" on war plans for 1943 designed to bring about the unconditional surrender" of Germany, Italy, and Japan, it was disclosed Tuesday. Defying every tradition, the President of the United States flew across 5,000 miles of the Atlantic ocean for a 10-day meeting with Winston Churchill which saw the leaders of the two nations bring Gen. Charles De Gaulle and Goo.. Henri Honore Giraud together for the first. time in a little villa just outside this city. Virtually the entire war staffs of both nations participated in day and night discussions which ended Sunday afternoon with a press conference before a group of war correspondents flown secretly from Allied headquarters halfway across North Africa. IDGH SPOTS OF CONFERENCE These are the high spots of the conference, which Roosevelt and Churchill agreed was unprecedented in history and may decide the fate of the world for generations to come: One-The leaders of America and Britain, both military and civil, have agreed on a war plan for 1943 designed to maintain the initiative in every theater of the war; Two-Churchill and Roosevelt agreed that peace can come only through "unconditional surrender" of Germany, Italy, and Japan; Three-Generals Givaud and DeGa!Jlie, meeting for the first time under' sponsorship of the Presifle;,t and prime min• ister, are negotiating for a united French movement designed to put French armies, a navy and an airforce again into the 11 i'\~ ..u1.u~.i.,:u;f A~bA.o..i•,.X.iS -"- �..............---....,::,....... WASHINGTON UP) - Casa• blanca, the French Moroccan port where President Roose-velt spent the last fortnight in important war conferences, is the Spanish name for-of all things--"whlte house." by air ever undertaken by any American est such self had first time president, the longtrip Roosevelt himever made, and the a chief executive of the United States had set foot 1 ~n ~~r.while his counry .:,::g:t Ilater that Herald A,manack presence in Africa, and confessed they had assumed when they rehearsed the day before for the affair that the party would be "another bunch of brass hats." Standing rigidly at attention and The all-time high crest of Grand :::~:e ~~e d~~:~: . 1 ;:~si!:ntt~aS river at Grand Rapids was 20.4 each was surprised in turn as Mr. I n.t=c..tJiY i:~~.i~:i;.~c~e~i ~:.sevelt's over flood level. Highest since then was 16.1 feet on March 20, 1942. By comp a r is on, the Ohio river at Cincin n ati on Jan. 26, 1937, reached a high mark of 80 feet. Flood level there ts 52 feet. + + + DO YOU REMEMBER? Last year on Jan. 27 the temperatures ranged from 33 to 37. Highest of record this date, 62 in 1906; lowest, U below zero in 1925. + + + . FACT FOR TODAY: The net income of American railroads last year was estimated by 1;he. Interstate Com~erce comm1ss~on at .$950,000,000 - largest earnings in their history. + + + THOUGHT FOR TODAY: Do the duty which lies nearest to you. Every duty which is bidden to wait returns with seven fresh duties a.t its back. Help Defense opposite The Allied occupation of French North Africa brought a number ot political problems leading up to the Roosevelt. Churchill conference there. The major events were: Nov. 7-American troops invade French North Africa. Nov. 11-Algeria and Morocco under Allied control as Admiral J e an Darlan orders French to surrender; Hitler occupies all of France. Nov. H-Civil administration set up under Darlan. Dec. 1 - Darlan proclaims himself chief of state in French Africa. Dec. 8-Darlan brings French \Vest Africa, including Dakar, to Allied side. Dec. 24-Darlan assassinated. Dec. 26-Gen. Henri Giraud succeeds Darlan as high commissioner. Dec. 30-Twelve arrested in a 11 e g e d assassination plot against Giraud and Robert Murphy, U. S. minister. Jan. 6-Giraud agrees to meet Gen. Charles De Gaulle, Fighting French leader, to promote unity. Jan. 1'1-President Roosevelt, Prime Minister Churchill, De Gaulle and Giraud open conferences. Jan. 19-Marccl Peyrouton, former Vichy minister, appointed governor-general of Alg~ ria; Fighting French assail ap.. pointment. Jan. 24-Roosevelt-Churchill conference concluded. :PRESIDENT jeep drew I- - -THE --------Eyes literally popped as the President and commander-in-chief passed only six feet away in front of the men with a big smile on his face. Few soldiers were able 1 to wipe off their own smiles of 1 pleasure. The presidential convoy formed at 9:30 a. m., skirted CasabJanca WASHINGTON (INSi-An abor- ,O f and drove directly to the review tive Japanese attempt to stage a area, ,some miles north, WASHINGTON (lP) - The last! "Note to editors and broadcastThe convoy consisted of official large-scale air raid on GuadalHmouslnes, armored scout cars canal was announced Tuesday by fortmght brought many mtima- ers-strictly confidential and not with 50-caliber machine guns, and the navy department as United tlons of a new Roosevelt-Churchill for publlcat1on. weapOns carriers bearing official States troops pllshed their offensive conference but the actual fact of ~'The President is taking another signal corps photographers. It was deeper into Japanese territory President Roosevelt's sensitional :trip. The attention of every editor preceded and followed by military along the island's northwestern flight to North Africa was a mili- au d broadcaster is directed forcepolice on motorcycles. t tary secret until its official an- fully to the code provision restrictU11IBRELLA OF PLANES coas · . . nouncement Tuesday night. ing any information rega1·ding the A commumque said that AmerUnder the voluntary code of cen- mo:7ements of the Commander-inThe -convoy drove- by the airport where scores of fighters took off ican aircraft last Sunday (U. s. sor'Ship to which the press and ra- Chief and any other ranking offito form a vast umbrella over- date) intercepted, out-fought and dio . adhere, movements of the ~ial'S of the. government._ Upon his head throughout the day. The routed an armada of Ja anese President. may not be publicized le.turn detailed ~ews o! his trip President, wearing a gray felt . . . P unless officially announced. Just will be made available to all simulhat, a gray suit with a white pin dive bombers, twm-engmed bomb- so the press and radio would know taneously." stripe, and white pullover sweater, ers ~ and fighter planes, which was that Mr. Roosevelt was on th e The phrase "another trip" a arrode the limousine of Lieut. Gen. headed for Gu~dalc?'nal.. It was move-and be reminded that this ~ntly was in recollection olpthe Dwight D. Eisenhower, Allied com- the first occasion m six weeks was confidential-Byron Price di- _fwing around th t th mander-in-chief in North Africa. that the. enemy had riske<l: mo7e rector of censorship, is~ued 11 ent made last ~a~f~~s~cti!gP~e:; The morning' was chilly and than a single plane at a time m p. m., Jan. 9, the following memor- lants. Reporters from the three somewhat cloudy when the party See GAUDALCANAL-Page 14 andum: Se SECRET e -Poge 14 started, but the warm African sun Big Scale Jap Raid Foiled Newsmen Guarded Secret F.D.R.-Chu~chill Meet a't !~~~:db~f!J!~ga~o:~: ~~~~~~hs~:~ hills. Soldiers, not knowing whom they guarded, were stationed along 1------------------- -------_,....___ LAST TRAIN fro m B ERLIN THE PRIME MINISTER Stalingrad Is Nearly Freed By NATALIA RENE ~OSCOW (~S) - The oncemighty Ger~an siege army trapped before Stalingrad now has been t almoS totally annihilated, with at least 208,000 of its offi~ers and men knocked out after the killing of another 40,000 and the capturing of 28,000 in the past_ 10 days, it was announced Tuesday night. Of the 220,000 enemy troops who ~ere laying siege. to the Volga C1tY_ when the Sov1e~s opened their encirclement offensive last Nov. 19, only two wretched remnants, comp~ising 12,~0 survivors, ,n ow rem~m, a special Russian communique declared. The others have been .k.illed or ta_ken prisoner. . TheS o~ic1al bulletin, annol'..lncmg oviet reconquest of more See STALINGRAD-Page 14 by Howard K. Smith 1-::::::::::::::;::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::Ip rom,se . Of V. f B hi arms of the lustful. hungry Ger- positon. So we of the fourth estate . IC ory roug man -Mars.". . • And on that, gen- had no_ choice but to believe these G reaf Joy f O G e rma n$ I the road at regular intervals. Every See REVIEWS-Page 2 .,,. Two Leaders Have H Id F e OUr M f ee lnCJS . WASHINGTON (JP)-Frankhn D. _Roosevelt and Wi~ston ChurcWll have met four times Prevent Accidents JAN. 26 ::r~~~::n!i!:! !f!i:ee ~~:: ca's entrance into th e war and once before It. Times and places were · Aug. 9, 1941, 0.ff' the New- City tlernen, I stake my whole journal- dramatic assertions were gospel istic r eputation!" Dietrich shouted, tru th · . swinging his fist high in the air Upon my . cons. ciousr:i,es.s settled in a d ramatic gesture. the more pamful convichon-com- CHAPTER III To understand how big Dr. Dietrich's story was one must re. . . . member the circumstances. This was the first substantial news about the mighty, new offensive. It came directly from Adolf foundland coast for three days [Hitler himself and could not be doubted. Dietrich continued : beCounty Outside City or more. . ' th G • Dec. 22 , 1941, to Jan. 14 , hmd the two_ pockets there stood betwe_en e erman arnues One death since Jan. 1. and Moscow Just so_muc~ s~ace_an~ nothmg more. As one correNineteen daYs without a j 1942, _when Churchill came to Washmgton on a battleship 3pondent later put it, Dietrich indicated t~at between ~ermany death. aatl flew home, . . and the complete conquest of the untold riches of Russia there 1942 record: Five deaths to June 18, 1942, m Washing• . d "th ti •t t k and machine t cover the .Jan. 26. ton, with ChurchlU flying here remame on1Y e me i a es man 1 ' a ears for a week's conference, given distance." After seven sho:t days, the f~~hrer's offensive 1 PauJ Mallons Co umn PP Jan. 14-24, 1943. in Nor th lhad smashed the Red army to splmters, the decision was reached 14 today on page · Africa. ~nd the eastern continent lay, like a limp virgin in t he mighty One death since Jan. 1. Five days without a death. 1942 record: One death to Jan. 26. 0 I ° . :~~ ta:ll0 ;:;~·e~:.atp!~~a;:~t~~~ decision in the entire conflict lay in Hitler's hands. N~w nobody will con~est the c?ntention that th e Nazis . te~l hes, and great big ones, But 1t 1s true t hat Hitler 'himself has never told a l~e about a specific military fact which can be checked. There are t wo good rP~ons for this. First, he does not hafe to lie about them; you don•~ , h ~ve to tell a fib when yo.u_'re wmn mg .~econd, a specific military fact . 1_ be so easily checked, and 1f '\ were found out that the "Almig\ty" had told a blunt untruth, ~pecially about /something !3:o big 8'i this particular . When DiP.tric? ~inished te~se exc1temen t preva1le~. The uniforms g~thered round him and pumped his hand a~ a sort of mutual cangratulation on the Germany vietory. The agency men had but'St through the doorway and were giv• event, it would be <i_sastrous to his (Continued on Page HJ •,. • • Congratulations W ere •1n O rder Four..::.Premier Joseph Stalin of Russia was kept informed of the results of the conferences. In fact, Churchill and Rooseveit offered to meet Stalin "very much farther to the east," but the Russian chief was unable to leave the USSR, due to the need of his directing the present Red army offensives. The President and prime minister also have been in communication with Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek and "have apprised him of the measures which they are taking to assist him in China's magnificent and unrelaxing struggle for the common cause." Five-Maximum material aid to Russia and China will be one of the prime aims of the U. S. and Britain. Six-Roosevelt visited American troops in the field in North Africa, the first American president io visit an active war theater since Abraham Lincoln. The meetings were held in a closely-guarded, barbed-wiresurrounded inclosure at a hotel in Casablanca under the greatest secrecy. ALL-NIGHT CONFERENCE Prime Minister Churchill arrived for the meeting first. When President Roosevelt arrived by plane a few hours later, be dispatched Harry Hopkins to the Churchill villa, and the prime min• ister i=ediately came to start the meetings. Tbe first began at 7 o'clock in the evening of Jan. 14 and lasted until 3 o'clock the next morning. President Roosevelt met correspondents in the garden of his villa Sunday afternoon. Protecting American fighters and Spitfires roared overhead as the conference was held. The only woman present was WAAC Capt. Louise Anderson of Denver, Colo., a stenographer from Lieut. Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower's headquarters. Hopkins was among the first to arrive, along with the President's flying son, Lieut. Col. Elliott Roosevelt, who was wearing the Distinguished Flying Cross recently awarded him. While the President's envoy, Robert Murphy, flitted in the background, Generals Giraud and De Gaulle, clad in French army uniforms, appeared from the President's quarters. They were closely followed by Roosevelt himself, wearing a light grey suit with the usual cigaret bolder held at a jaunty angle. Churchill, in a dark grey suit and with the inevitable cigar, followed them to the four chairs in the garden. FRENCH LEADERS "SHAKE ON IT" As De Gaulle and Giraud shook hands for the benefit of photographers, the President opined that it was a momentous moment. Giraud and De Gaulle immediately went back into the house and the press conference began. The President on behalf of the prime :1inister and himself, expressed regret at the death of the Canadian Broadcasting corporation's war correspondent, Edouard Baudry, who was killed by a machinegun bullet when the plane in which he was riding with other cdrrespondents en route to the meeting was lost ·over Spanish Morocco and was fired upon by Spanish ground defenses. The President then went into the background of the meeting, saying that it became clear when the North African cam• paign was launched that a meeting between himself and the prime minister would be necessary, STALIN TOO BUSY TO ATTEND He said Stalin had been kept advised on all details worked out at the meeting, and in the words of the communique added that Stalin had been "cordially invited to meet the President and ,rime minister, in which case the meeting would have been held very much farther to the east." Stalin, however, was ''unable to leave Russia at this time on account of the great offensive which he himself as commander-in-chief is directing." While the prime minister nodded assent, the President said See ROOSEVELT-Page I �oe Chased to 1-C\-'t~ Lae Harbor Buna' s Capture Is Described By \-'1 Witness of Fierce Struggle - * :3> Vast Havoc Wrought Enemy in Battle Off New Guinea Coast !Bombs Shatter Japs at,-,•-'t~ Lae By LEE VAN ATTA ' UNITED NATIONS HEAD• QUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA, (Saturday) (I NS)-The Allied air forces pounding a great J apan ese convoy in the Huon gulf off the northeastern coast of New Guinea were re, vealed Friday to have sunk a t hird enemy transport, damage.I another, and to have destroyed at least 24 and posstbly !6 more Nip-ponese planes. This raised to five the number or enemy transports sunk or dam. aged, and to 73 the total of Jap p lanes either shot down or put out of action. Gen. Douglas MacArthur's noon communique reporting on the ac• t ion indicated that the battle, which began Wednesday, end~d when the American and Australian air forces pursued remnants of the Jap fle~t into Lae harbor Thursday. So great was the havoc wrought on the enemy naval concentration, said the communique, that only "fragmentary" troop elements coul rl have been ]anded at the enemyheld stronghold. HEAVY TOLL The three-day toIJ of enemy ships and p1anes was: Ships: 1 Three transports sun k, fncludfng one sent dow·n with all hands, an estimated 2,000 or more soldiers. One transport probably sunk. One transport damaged seriously. Planes: At least 42 destroyed. 12 p1anes probably destroyed. 19 planes dam~ged. During Thursday's hot action. Gen. MacArthur's airmen chased the shattered convoy right into the harbor of Lae to sink a transport Rnd score two direct hits on another transport. In Wednesday's fighting. two transports were sunk and a third badly crippled. 20 PLANES D OWNED Twenty Zero fighters were !!hot down Friday and two fighters and two bombers were destroyed on the ground at Lae. Eighteen planes were shot down Thursday, bringing the total number of Jap planes destroyed to 42. In addition, seven Zeros were probably destroyed a nd 15 damaged Thursday wh ich, coupled with the previous d ay's score of five probables and four dam aged, brought the gran d total of en emy warplanes k nocked out of the battle to 71 Zeros and two bombers. As heavier A11ied planes blasted the convoy, fighters and attack bombers strafed the Lae airdrome as welt as barges and beachheads · by whioll the Japs sought to land their troops. FEW TliOOPS LANDED "Such troop elements as were landed by the enemy," said the communique, "are believed to be fr1tgmentary." Other Allied planes rangea against the Jap airdrome at Gasmata, New BrJtain, setting large fires in a blistering night attack, and against shipping off Kai island. A direct h it was scored on a Japan ese torpedo craft off Kai, and it was beiieved to be at least severaly damaged, if not sunk. Ground fighting in New Guin ea, although confined to patroJ activi... ties, was in creasingly fie rce. Th irty-two Jap soldiers wer e kiUed in close fighting Thursday at Sana ... nanda point, last remai n in g Jap salient in Papua, the commu nique aai d. AUied 1osses in latest phases ot the sea-air conflict "'were not heavy," Thursday's commu nique aaid. On ly light !Oases were suf ... tered by the Allied airmen In open ... Ing stages of the ba ttle, indicating that the overall a~oun ting of the (By l\lurlin Spencer.) planes. The campaign ended on WH h American ';rroops in New the same savage note on which it Guinea-(Delayed)-(JP) -Cleanup b~gan-no quarter asked and none g~~~· once-scenic Buna govern~ ment station, with its coconut palm grove overlooking the ocean, looked as if a cyclone had hit it. Its half dozen buildings, some of corrugated iron and the most pretentlous in Paua, were shattered, twisted and pocked by shrapnel. Others were burned to the ground and still smoldering when I crossed a shaky bridge and walked to the station The ground, churned by bombs and shells, helped to explain the hunted look of the Jap prisoners. Mostly coolies who had been forced to labor, they bowed to their captors. Weak and emaciated, they gulped down the food given them. The day's battle started and ended spectacularly. In the half light of ,the early morning a score of Japs made a desperate try to break through, but a grenade-throwing young private who pitched like Lefty Grove in his heyday-L indsey Wagner of Woodward, Okla.and others stopped them. They had waited a long time to get the Japs in the open, and they made the most of it. Petoskey Soldier Spots 'Em. About 6 :20 a. m., Pvt. Raymond Krussell of Petoskey, Mich., standing watch west of the government station, saw a small group of Japs walking toward the beach. Then a small boat towing a raft put out from shore, heading seaward presumably in hopes of reaching Jap positions in the direction of Sanananda. Krussell warned Sgt. Lavern Schultz of Oshkosh, Wis., a machine gunner, and three others. Other riflemen in beach trenches awaited the signal. When the boat and raft were directly offshore, they fired and sank the boat. There were heads bobbing in the surf as our troops waved a white flag and motioned the Japs to come ashore. The enemy made no effort to start for shore, refusing to surrender. So the boys resumed firing. Machine gun and rifle bullets sent up little spouts of water around the Japs. Then the airforce was called in and the planes strafed the swim.mers. They found an additional 60 farther west and strafed them, too. Tough Going. Japs on the ground crouched behind large bunkers while artillery pounded the area and smashed trucks. When the full attack started at' 10:15 a. m., the govet)lment station area was covered with dirty smoke from the artillery barrage. The attack opened east of the station and moved west. It was hard going for the Americans af first against the bunkers from which the Japs fired machine guns. Dense undergrowth made observation of progress difficult, but I found a spot of beach and watched the men, crouching behind , trenches, Dring at the Japs who fled from the station buildings and attempted to hide behind one of five beachecl landing barges. The commanding general of the American ground troops in New Guinea also was watching, When the Americans' first bullets missed h e said "squeeze the trigger, boys, don't pull 'em." They did. By 3 :30 in the afternoon, the command post west of the station reported it saw our men advanc~ ing through the palms. At 4 :27 p. m,. it announced we had taken the station. units of an American ground force drove through the las t en emy defenses Saturday to capture the bomb-shattered Buna government station after many Japanese had fled into the sea in a mad effort to escape. . I~ was mamly through sheer we1ght of numbers that the Amer icans, their jungle green _unifon_ns mud-splattered and thell' bodies worn by six weeks of battle against the Japs, broke down the enemy's bunker defenses. The Japs sought to flee by r!llt, b~ small boat .and even by sw1mmmg. On then· refusal to come ashore and s1:,1rrender, many ':ere shot by rnachme-gunners and riflemen while others were strafed by / MacArthur's Fliers Pound Desperate Foe on New Guinea ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Sunday) (.'Pl -The desperate Japs, who lost three out of four transports with which they \ tried to reinforce their Lae garris·on in New Guinea, sent in two more transports and both were bombed and set afire by ~ ll!e~ planes of all categories, raiding around the clock, Gen. Douglas MacArthur reported today. In addition, a merchant vesse l (perhaps t he damaged transport which managed to get some troops shore) was bombed while beached. a The · J ap convoy, wh ich has been under conti nuous attack for m_o re than two days and nights, withdrew u nder cover of darkness "after u n loading." At Sanananda, where the l~st remnant of a Jap Papuan peninsula army which once totaled 15,000 is making a stand, Allied gro~nd troops were reported "increasmg their pressure." Gen. MacArfhW", considering the 1 campaign at an end, has return~d J \ to his general headquarters m Australia. 1 I YANK LDIERS PLAY CARDS BETWEEN BATTLES- ,~,- 'f., t- ~wlld•red New Gubtea natives watch American soldiers play cards In a r est period b•;w~:n : . . ties, The Yankl use ,45-caliber bullets for chips. The shuffling of the printed cards an P Inc of the •chips" bad< and forth faacina~ the •~ ••ken. �Gen. MacArthur Citation of Heroic 32nd Division 1-111 - ., Gen. MacArthur's communique clling the 32nd divlalon for its valarous part in the successful New Quinea campaign says: "The magniricent conduct of the troops and elements of this command, operating under difficulties raJIC).Y, if ever. surpaHed in a campaign, has earned my highest praise1U'ld commendation. De1 spite inadequate meanB in many categories, their resourcefulness and their adaptability have produced a self-reliance tbat has overcome all handicaps and deficiencies. "Through the sklll and coul'age and indomitable will !or victory, they have defeated a bold and aggressive enemy possessing a marked superlo1ily of 1·esourccs and potentialities in areas of campaign and combat. ''While a11 ground troops have performed admirably, elements or the 8th and 7th Australian divisions, the 32nd and 41st United States divisions, the 6th Independent Commando unit, mountain artillery batteries of the first Austi·alian corps, squadrons of the armored division (Australian), and native Papuan carriers have been espe• cially prominent. "To the Ame.rlcan 5th air force and Royal AustraJian air force, no commendation could be too great. Their outstanding efforts in combat, in supply and in transportation over both land and sea constituted the keystone upon which the whole arch of the cam• paign was erected. They have set new horizons for the air con• tluct of the war. "To Almighty God, I give thanks for that guidance· which haa brnught us to this success in our great crusade. His is the honor, the power and the glory, forever, amen. . "DOUGLAS MAC ARTHUR, Genetal United States Army, Com• mander-in-Chiet." ,/ Gen. Char of Intelligence; Brig. Gen. Chari• , A. Willoughby, chief of lntelllaeaae; .'and partt Brig, Gen. Ennla C. Whitehead and pated la Brig. Gen. Kenneth Walker, ~ lllbtln&' I& ilnli,apiii'JaNiilMi. tile lean air force commanden; AD- batU• front wu I the .AJaao, trallan Brigs. F. G. Wootten~ LOrraille MCtloa wu rela,, I Kenneth Eather, and Australian Uvely quiet at tile 'time. It wu Capt. WIiiiam Garing. here however that the dl.i.ton General Cites Unit In citing the 32nd division for • uttered lta ftnt casualtlea. outstanding achievement In the When the Germana threatened Among Others for south Paclftc battle area. Gen. Paris In the Kaiser's second great Valor in New Guinea Douglas MacArthur follows In the Marn<" offensive, the division moved ,-,,. If,'\ footsteps of Gen. Pershing who, by forced marches to the new GEN, MAC ARTHUR'/< HEAD· during the closing days of the f\rst front where together with a maQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Sat- World war, decorated the battle rin«- division, the 42nd and other flags of the Red Arrow division fresh Yankee units, it checked Ul'day) - Returning to his head- for similar outstanding deeds of the advancing Germane and forced , quarters here today after personal- valor. them into a dll1asterous retreat. 1 1 ; ly directing A1lied forces in the The history o~ the division un- in F~~~e!::r :heu~~dt~r::: victorious Papuan campaign In der other insignias goes far back sion was under fl.re tor all but New Guinea in which approximateth e na- ten days when It was In a rest rd ly 15,000 Japanese troops were into the w~r reco s of Uon. The division, however, as we aren, fighting on five fronts in wiped out, Gen. Douglas MacArthur cited the 32nd (Red Arrow) know it today, was _formed of three major offensives - AisneMlchlgan and Wiaconsm men at Marne Oise.Alane and Meuse-Ar1 division and other units or his command for their "indomitable wilt, the beginning ot the Jast war of gonne. magnificent conduct, skill and cour- national guard units of the two In killed, \\·ounded or missing fn age" in the successful operations states. It was overseas and ready action is lost 14,000. It defeated 23 for action before Michigan's other German divisions, taking 2,153 prisnow concluded. In addition to the 32nd division, famous World war division, the oners, 2,000 rifles, 200 machine guns 85th, was trained and equipped at and 100 cannon. In four major atmade up largely of Michigan and tacks launched at critical moments, Wisconsin men, Gen. MacArthur Camp Custer. After nine months on the Mexi- it advanced 24 miles and repulsed highly commended the 41st U. S. division and his Australian troops can border In 1916, the units which without loss of ground, every counfor their valor in the Papuan vic- went into the making of the 32nd ter-attack. tory which, the general said, should consisted ot hard and well-trained It captul'ed Fismes In the Alane-make "the dead of Bataan rest a fighting men when war upon Ger- Marne offensive and was the only little easier tonight." American unit in General Mangtn's many was declared. (The text of Gen. MacArthur's It was organized at Camp Mac- famoua tenth French army in the citation appears below.) It was Arthur, Waco, Tex., July 18, 1917, OIM-Alsne offensive. three months after the United twice In the front line In the HONORS AWARDED Meuse-Argonne where it fought for States became a belllgerent, with Gen. MacArthur awarded the 20 days an'll penetrated the "ImDistinguished Service Cross to the Gen. jam.es Parker in command. pregnable · Kreimbllde line." On Atl Or the Grand Rapids national Allied land commander, Gen. Sir Nov. 10, It was attacking east of Thomas Blarney, and to Lieut. Gen. guard units were incorporated in th Robert L Eichelberger, commander its formation. These consisted ot i e ~eus~ and upon the following four companies of infantry, a full day, it h~d smashed the_ 192nd Gerof the American troops in Papua. In fact· a fteld hospital, m~n division and was 1n full purFor "extraordinary co u rage, battalion _ , __ • suit when the armistice brought marked efficiency and precise exethe 126th Infantry regimental the conflict to an end. cution of operation" the following band, a supply company and a The French called the division officers were cited: the "Les Terriblee" - the terrible Lieut. Gen. George C. Kenney, machine gun company. At this time the Michigan na- ones - and the Red Arrow boya commander of the Allied air forces; Lieut. Gen. Edmund F1·ancis Her- tionJI guard had its full war lived up to their reputation tor ring, Australian field commander; strength of 8,000 soldiers and 230 fearless, Intrepid ftghttng power. these same qualities in the Maj. General Richard K. Suther- commissioned officers but some · Perhaps 32nd division have won the land, chief of staff, general head~ recruits were taken in and war new d ence of General MacArthur quarters of the south Pacific area; department records credit Michi-1confi nd prompte~ him to call upon the Maj. Gen. George Allen Vasey, gan with having 9,973 guatdsmen a boys from Michigan and Wl~consin Australian field commander; Brig. in the World war. to 1 handle__ ~he _Ne~ Guinea Job. 32nd Lauded i by MacArthur I _ ,~~~~!1-lii,l[lw. w:tcb I I I I I I SOMEWHERE IN HEW GUINEA Somewhere in Ne\f ( ; u i n ~ r e the sun is like a curse. And (-aeh long da.\' ts followed by another slightly ,,orse, \Vl1ere tlte lnit-k-rrcl dust blows tl1kkcr than the shifting dc!--ert sa11d. And ¥11 tl1~ men drram and wish for the fairer. Kreener !:ind. I Somewlie:-e in New Guinea, where a woma11·s twvn !-.N'n, \\'here tile sky is never <•lnudy and the frrass is 11e,·er green, Where t Ile ding-ocs nizhtl.v howling. roUS a m.-t n of hlef-sed ~lePp, Where tlu,'re i~t1't a11y wlii~key and tile \Jeer is out of reach. Somewhere in New Gui11C'a. when• tile 11igh1,;,. are made for love, Whc>rf> the moon is Iii.:(~ a searehligl,t :111d the Sout ller11 Cross ahm·e; Sparkle:-. like a diamond. in "palmy. tropic night, ·Tis a :--hameleR!-. waste of beaut), \\ hen there's not a girl i11 sight Somewlif'r<'1n N'Pw Gui11e<.1, wliere the mail is alway:-. late, And a ( 'lirbtma'- l':t r<l i!I April, is con~idered up to date, ·w11ere we never ha,,t~ a pay day, and never have a <·ent. BuL we 11cver 111iss t11c 111011ey 1cau~c ,,e'd ne,·er get it spent. I'.~~::=== •~~~=~~~~~e"=:.: •=~--~ Snme\\liere m Nt'W Guinf',t, where the a11ts ,ltld ll;,;,1rds pl.1y. Ami ,t l111mlrr1i ltl'Sl1 lllOsquitoes, take th" p!al'e or ever_y one you slay, Sn l,tkf' me h,H-'.> to Ille P !-;, A. s11bst1 , 11te for il c ll. to_.. For some, war is dirty business. Here's an American soldier in sniper suit, plus camouflage markings on hands and face The soldier blends perfectly with foliage and is virLuall,1• invisible from a few yards awar. :~t �Informal Portrait Where Jap Ships Were Sunk - ~ • MAIN JAP"N!<;E IIASES •"' ' IR£LAN1> & roo tu:w RABAUC ""• ooo.Ai;f, ,. SIJ'A I This lTlap of the Solomon island area shows how the Japanese armada invaded the Guadalcanal area from three dir ections only 1 w·th goggling natives rear, as a n interested audience, ,Gen . Thoinas A. Blamey, second tro'm left, Australian_chief of Allied Land F o~ces, chats with some of his informally athred men at a New Gwnea base. (P assed by censors. ) to be routed by the U. S. Navy in a three-day n aval battle ena~·n,, In victory !or the U. S. A total of 23 Jap ships, lncludin battleship, cruisers, destroyers and transports, w ere sunk by o U. S. American losses were put at eight ships by the N avy. ~ Letter From Soldier: Short, but Eloquent ! Harrisburg, Pa., Nov. 24-(JP) -When Private Dick Theurer of the Marine corps came home on his last furlough, his ~ather, Symbols of War-and of Peace Ben Theurer. as}.:ed h~m to write frequently •'even if you have no news to tell.''. , The father has just received this letter: Dear Dad: . Affectionately yours, Dick. P.S.-Boy, am I tired!'' A tiny fairy tern, taking advantage of a lull in the roar of battle which rages in the Pacific, lights for a moment on this United States Marine's tommy gun. The little white bird, re. semb1ing the dove of peace, appears quite comfortaQle, thank you, on the grim gun barrel, which is ready to spit fiery death at the 1 sight of a Japanese. Picture was taken on Midway island. d re fi hting southward to Sanananda, in an effort Australian troops have entered Gon\ '.'1-n f~rmel by American troops in Gen. Douglas Macto close circle around a~ Euna_ Arthur's command, whoJap arf'base slash111g their. eing way nor th through the jungle. Capture of Buna would throw Japs out o! entire Papuan New Guinea. ��MacArthur in as New Guinea Drive Gains I o -7- ..,.,__ GENERAL MAC ARTHUR'S when fol'ced to make a parachute HEADQUARTE-RS, Australia, jump from an army plane.) (Wednesday) LPJ- The Allies' co- MYSTERIOUS RETREAT ordinated land and air offensive The mystery of the Japanese against the Japanese Guinea continues in full in New overland retreat, now in its 10th course day, was heightened by the Japa- nese convoy which American bomband still without major opposi- ers caught Monday as it •sped tion, the southwest Pacific com- northward from Buna. It was not mand announced today, Australian jungle troops pressed on from Kagi, only a scant four miles from the narrow pass leading through the Owen Stanley mountains, the communique said, picking up still more territory in their so-far unimpeded advance toward the enemy's main positic,ns on New Guinea. MAC ARTHUR •1N FIBLD Allied bombers, at the same time, returned to the attack on Buin and Buka harbors in the northern Soloman islands. Still other air units visited Ceram, far to the west between New Guinea and Celebes in the Dutch East Indies. (GeneraJ MacArthur was on the scene giving personal attention to · operations in New Guinea, it became known yesterday. A delayed dispatch from "somewhere in New Guinea'' disclosed MacArthur was on the island Oct. 3, when he presented the U. S. army's Silver Star award to Vern Haugland, Associated Press war correspondent who made his way to safety after being lost in the jungle 43 · days ADVANCE BASE Two P39 pursuit :ilanes of the United States a rmy take off for combat from a new advanced Am er ican base in New Guinea. From bases like this, American bombers ha.ve been taking off for heavy r a ids ·o n Jap bases north ot Australia. Forced- Down, U. S. Army Flyers Make New Friends ' l;;I~.:~';';).,,,,,. _,,,,. ..=,, ,,., ..,,,,7,·•·, "'"' ·.",.,., ,,,, / 0 ~- By Stanton! Tin Hats . When these crew memb~rs of a U. S. Army Flying Fortress were forced down In New Guinea while returning from a raid on the Jap base at Rabaul, New Britain, they passed the time ,\•aiting for help by making fricnc;ls with the natives from a nearby village. They are pictu red above with some of the village's feminine. population. The bomber was enabled t o take oft by portable metal landing strips flown from an American base. ------- -------- clear immediately whether this con.. 0 ;c:n;va:r w~:~dr:;;~pt~~·c:~ f1~ ~ reinforcements there. There was a possibility that the Japanese might make a stand at Kokoda, some 50 miles inland from Euna. But the speed of their head.. long flight raised the question here that they might be rel eating their performance at Milne bay, south of Buna, from where they with drew an invasion fo1·ce i n the face of great Allied odds. Monday's attack on a convoy, which consisted of two destroyers and a largf> transport, was but one phase of Allied aerial operations in which the Japanese were pounded all the way .from Rabaul, New Britain, in the north to Euna. //•20 (Releued. b'J' The Bell e dtcate hie. ''It's simp1e, Butch-six deft strokes an' the spud is peeled-an' the boys can't say they ain't gettin' a SQUARE MEAL!" �2Transports Sunk With Thousands of Troops Six Enemy Warships Destroyed in N,ew Reinforcement Attempt By INTERNATIONAL NEWS SERVICE WASHINGTON - American warships have utterly crushed another Jap reinforcement force bound for Guadalcanal, the navy announced Thursday, and in a furious battle north of the island Monday night sank two enemy cruisers or large destroyers, four other destroyers, two transports and a cargo ship. Naval spokesmen estimated that the Japs lost 4,000 to 5,000 troops alone when the transports were blasted to the bottom, and not a single enemy soldier reached shore except as a prisoner. The second triumph in a month over Japanese naval forces in the Solomons was said to have cost the United States one light cruiser and damage to several other vessels. Giving the lie to the Tokyo radio which stated earlier in the day that American war ships had been blasted right and left against the loss of a single Jap destroyer, the navy figures gave U. S. forces & top-heavy victory, ' J'AP·TRAP WORKS The Japs apparently fell into a ! well-laid trap. They had been generally expected to make another attempt at reinforcing their troops scattered in the hills of Guadalcanal as soon as they were able to patch their wounds suffered in the !devastating defeat earlier in No'Vember which cost them 38 ships ''Y'know, Sarge- sorneOm es_ I \'\_'onder why the Nips tried so hard to HOLD this blmkety-biank island!" su~~o~;i:~:J;! from the north-{ ern Solomons late on Nov. 30 (Sunday U. S. date), the Jap flotilla was intercepted by an American te.Rk force apparently lying in 'wait. The battle continued through part if not all of the night. Whetl\_er the entire enemy force WW! , wiped out or whether some man l~~r1!~11- ~~~~~erani:e es~~;Z~ 1not 0 i 21 Jap Planes w:! me.de known. FEW JAPS LEFT But the only Japanese mentioned as being in the vicinity the next day were several sailors on a life raft. · They identified one of the ships in the smashed invasion force as the destroyer Takanami. The desperate straits of the Japanese still holding out on Guadalcanal was made apparent by the enemy's effort to reinforce them regardless of cost. It has been considered likely that all resistance to the American marines and army troops must ceBBe soon unless fresh supplies are brought through the now iron blockade around the island. FOES FALL BACK The Japs on Guadalcanal have been falling back steadily and jn the past ten days have shown no concerted. res1stance, let alone of• 1, fensive spirit. In a n earlier communique Thursday the navy said the 55 Japs had been killed in patrol clashes northwest of Henderson airfield. The navy reported Wednesday that 51 of the enemy had been slain in similar jungle skirmishes when ma.. rines and soldiers wiped out several artillery and machine gun nests. Steady depletion of the enemy forces on land, however, has been overweighed by the terrific cost in men and materiel suffered by the Japs at sea. From 30,000 to 40,. 000 Nipponese were said to have perished tn the Nov. 13-15 naval battle. Allies Smash 1 I .TAP PRISONERS-Japanese prisoners, captured on Gt1ada leana l, wearing split-toed shoes to aid them in climbtrees to spy on and ~nipe at their enemies. Chinese call • them "ti2~nkey men", \ ~ ·) _ 'f-:i, MacArthur's Airmen Blasts at Foe on • Portuguese Timor l:t ·'1-·'I-"-, ALLIED HEADQUARTERS . IN AUSTRALIA UP) - Gen. Douglas MacArthur's plane-s, which on Wed.. nesday scored a big aerial triumph by downing 23 Jap Zeros ovet" northeast New Guinea, have de,. stroyed or damaged 21 more Jap Ia.n~ in a raid on Koepang at theout1}{\~st tip of Portuguese Tlmor, ~ he '/ugh command announced Thur.3day. This raid, which caught the Japs so completely by surprise that their :,grounded planes were devastated by the cannon and machine gun flre of the low-flying Allies, over4 shadowed the news from New Guinea where split groups of en• emy defenders are entrapped at Gana and Buna. The noon communique reported only Intermittent ground fighting in t~ose areas in which the Japa, cleverly dug in, were 11 resistingstubbornly." The Koepang raiders damaged or destroyed 18 Jap bombers and three fighters, leaving fires among the aircraft and fuel dumps which were visible for 50 miles away. Much bombing attention has been directed by Gen. MacArthur at Portuguese Timar, northwest of Australia, since receipt of reports that the Japs, faced with possible loss of New Guinea, were moving in troops and equipment. Many of these plane raids have been occupied with the strafing of troops in Timar towns. �Remember Pearl Harbor, Tojo? This "madated J ap is typical of- the prh1onen taken on Guad,.. aloanal where American encirclement kept supplies or reinforcements from reaching the enemy. I Jap Diaries Reveal Fear ~-\°'_,...3 Enemy Get~ Jittery at Inability to Fight Flying 'Forts' Bayway, N. J. - ''Our combat planes cannot get close to the enemy Flying Fortresses. It is very regrettable that the nly alternative is for us to flee from being killed." So reads an excerpt from thE! diary of a captured Japanese, as translated into English and made public by Lieut. Col. Charles E. Kerwood, army air force. "Due to our anti-aircraft guns being ineffective," reads an excerpt from another diary, ''United States planes circle around a~d drop their bombs on essential places. As we have only rifles, our only alternative is to flee from that area. It doesn't seem sol• dierly for us to flee as we watch the planes. l believe if friendly I planes were here-even those inR tferior seaplanes-the enemy wou~d disappear. I often think that antt• aircraft guns and machine guns are not very effective." Diary Oriticize& Officers. A translation from a third diary HE'LL WHIP JAPs-Japanese warlords didn't count on Gen. Doup;las l\'lacArthur a year ago. Pictured above, hero of Bataan is seen inspecting United Nations positions in New Guinea from front seat of a jeep. \ ~-S-'f-l... r~~:e started to construct the air•raid shelter at 5 a. m. However it was behind schedule. T~e.re ~s n~t even a single high official wb.o can look into the future. An air assault occurred at 9 :30 a. m. and every soldier fled. The com· manding officer was very dis· pleased and gave a l~cture, saying; •It is soldierly to die by bullets. However, when it comes t? actual bombardment he would disappear first and the subordinates are very' unpleasant about this situation." That the Japanese In the South Pacific are in a state of jitters ii indicated in 8.nother ~xcerpt. "Last night," it reads, ..I stoorl. guard at the working place but there was no air raid. Even the motors of the automobiles wcttld get us all _e_x_c1_te_d_.•~•- - ~ �-- BUNA JAPS IN DR.OVES - ---------'"-"',_-_;i.'-'-'>1-_-_+..c?::ic....,.._~ - - - - - - - - - Three G. R. Men~ Trapped by Jops, Outwit Them Surrounded by Japs in a swamp e .~ s fnade ·a maj<f' ¥arch~ between the sea and the ma'.in -1942. Hts wife reside(• in Ht>llandr1 American lines, an Amerjcan raidMich. ing party composed of Michigan Sergt. Kramarz was a radio man men, including three from Grand in the trapped outfit and volunRapids, spent a whole night lying teered to accompan} another man in the sticky Pacific mud, hoping :;. reach the closest American p,rand praying for rain or help. "I'm not going to order you lo The silence was broken by the continual chatter of a Japanese go," Major Zeeff told Kramarz. officer, evidently American edu- 1 "Major, it it will do any good,) cated, who kept calling: "Give up, I I'm goin' !" Kramarz answered. fellows; come on, give up." And he went. 1 Not a single American soldier Sergt. Kramarz. who is only 27, I dared to answer, for to have dontf has a son, Jol'!eph, Jr., whom he so would have been to give away j Ihasn't seen, since the youngster ts their lmsitiqn, aerowtng fo .a." ,.~ but three months old. Mrs. Kraport ll'om a correspondent for a 1 marz, 413 Cass ave., SE., is assistChicago news service. The slant- ant to Dr. Louis Chamberlain of eyed officer continued his entreaty, this city. but ths American party knew what BOXING CHAMPION awaited them if they b?lieved him She expressed surprise and pride -for ahead, hair buried in the over her husband's heroic work. , tall swamp gra~s, lay the bodies "He used to be quite frail several I of wounded soldier~ who had been years ago,•• she chuckled, "but he's surprised by a Nipponese patrol. quite a he-man now.'' THREE G. R. MEN f Sgt. Kramarz was the middle- I Meanwhile, Maj. Bert zeeff of weight boxing champion of the regGrand Rapids, with a youthful ap- iment the year it entrained at pearance that belied his 44 years Grayling. Mrs. Kramarz echoed even though he was decorated in her husband's admiration for Major 1 World war I and carries a Ger- Zeef. man bullet in his right shoulder, "In fact," sne smiled, ••it was 1 ' hugged the jungle floor beside through Major Zeef's efforts in J his troops, while the Jap officer Louisiana that my husband was . kept repeating his plea for sur- ! able to advance to his present rank, render, In his party were staff so we could get married." The Sergt. Joseph Kramarz and Corp. couple was married in Louisiana In Robert McGee of Grand Rapids July, 194~, shortly after Krama~z and Maj. Bernt Baetcke of Trav- had attained his staff sergeants erse City. rating. An existl~g. army oi,:d~r at This officer of the Mikado must that time proh1b1ted marriages have been American educated, ac- am?ng enlieted . men below that 1 cording to a dispatch received tty ratmg, she explained. ISJ.. ~cial cable from the scene for Major Zeef, in the Japanese epi1 the Chicago Daily News. Usually sode, sent word to the colonel comJaps avoid pronouncing any Eng- mantling the unit statlhg: "It's lish words containing the letter pitch dark here and we've got four "L,'' but this fellow was not imi- men to bury and nine wounded with tating an American office1· as they I only three stretchers. Can't you frequently attempt to do, the dis- send us any reinforcements?'' patch 1·evealed, but was calling for The colonel answered that reinthe surrender of the trapped party. forcements were impossible to seAcco1·ding to the spe ~ial corre- cure and that Zeef would have to pendent to whom Major Zeeff maneuver his men out of the trap poke, the JapB were being ex- as best he could. traordinarily accurate with their MADE STRETCHERS ~achine gu_n fire .. On 01_1e occaMa •or Zee! says "We ra ed f~r s1~n, a ~old1er behmd. MaJor Ze~ff rain !nd we got s~me _ Pan:way, a 1 ~r~~~~ h~s ~:;z:tet 0~ : :ih1:~d g~n; little. . We needed that; b~cause fire hit the mud ahead of him, when 1t. rains the pattering m the twice piercing his mosquito net- ~or:st th1des allt~ther ~oise:. wre~ ting about his face. mak~!g g:i:e mo~e orst::tchoerss a: WON PURPLE HEART knowing that we were under lire "He just looked at me and his I said that hatchets could not be eyes seemed to say, 'I'm all right','' used because of the nolae, and that disclosed Major Zeeff. ''He didn't the men must whittle them out dare move his face." of saplings with jackknives. Some Major Zeeff was born in The of the men murmured that tt was Netherlands, but came to America impossible. But they made them d Grarui.Rauids a.La.n..earJy ~ all the same." During t~e World war, be enlisted Sergeant McGee of Grand Rapas a pnv~te in_ company K, a ids, formerly a fo~tball player for Grand Rapids umt of the 126th in- Central high school who made the fa.ntry regiment. He rose rapidly i 1939 all-city team as an end proved through the ranks, was awarded to be the jungle guide tor ihe out-- if I I 1 r I' I I i lj Order of the Purple Heart and lit In the return trip back to the as~:~~~ Cluster for his over- American lines and safety. All the , \fter the war he served with mounted division of the MichlState police in Lansing He 'uated from the Fort Be~ning try scbool and was commis• 4 U.utenant In 1923, dead were burled and the nine ' wounded ~en ~ere dragged back i into American Imes after two holl;ra of stren~ous maneuvering, the dispatch disclosed. Jap'S pocketed in the Cal'"' anda sector. It is these poh.. lS which Gen. MacArthur has report. ed intricately fortified by the Japs who are understood to be under orders o! their emperor to fight to the death. 11 0ur air units are active in the ( (:Suna) area and northward along the coast," the communique re-MacArthuis Men ported. The bombing and sinking by the Bury Hundreds of Japs of the British corvette, HMS Foe on New Guinea Armidale in recent action near Portuguese Timor wa'S disclosed. ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN Allied bombers raided the air• AUSTRALIA (Thursday) UP) - ,p.rome at Cape Gloucester in New Japanese enemy fortifications have Britain island and at Jacqulnto bay been breached in many places in in the same sector a reconnaisthe Buna area of New Guinea by l sance unit shot down a Jap fighter Allied troops, Gen. Douglas Mac and damaged two oth,ers. Also in Arthur announced today. ~ &rM, Alliccl. plan&s ,strafed a "Many hundreds of his (the 'Jap cargo vessel anchored offJapanese) dead are being buried 8hore. by our. troops/' the noon communi• TJIREE OFFICERS WOUNDED que 'Said. Th d. t "His situation must now be ree wo~n 1.ng of hre& United garded as desperate.'' ~tate_s br1ga?1er generals in the f1ghtmg against the Japs in the HEAVY FIGHTING Buna area of New Guinea was an• The 1ocation of the breached 1tnounced today by Gen. MacArfortifications was not stated but thur's headquarters. recent communiques have told of The generals wounded were Hanheavy fighting between Euna vil- ford McNider of Mason City, Ia.lage and Cape Endaiadere to the previously reported - Albert W. east, both places now in •Allied Waldron of Rochester, N, Y., and Allies Breac~ Enemy's Forts I I l ~:::rsie:~~ ~~~e~;~~h~~n~!!! ~~;~ Clovis E. Bye~ of Columbus, o. 1 ., �\').-\'1·*~ SOLDIERS IN THE FIELD UNDERGO HARDSHIP TO TRANSFER SICK AND WOUNDED TO HOSPITALSThe sluggish New Gujnea rivers are no barrier to stretcher-bearers when a Wis. The other men are not identjfied. With every man needed to carry the fight sick American soldier needs hospitalization. The two men at the left are Corp. to the J aps, no time is lost in giving expert treatment to those overcome by Wiley Parrish, of Detroit (extreme left) and Corp. Albert Perhai, of Superior, wounds or tropical ailments in the jungle country, \ TIN HATS United States troops with field equipment head into midstre.am in an outrigger to board small boats that will take them down an unnamed river to a forward position in New Guinea. They are among forces pressing Japs in the B 1na vicinity. (;).... ··\ 0 . 't- 2... By Stanton �TIN HATS By Stanton Side by side at the army's Aberdeen, Md., provin& cround • it an American jeep, left, and a German volksvagen, people's car. IMacArthur Cites 12 High Officers ~MC. 1 1f-3 \A '>t. Surgeon Gives His Own Blood, Saves Soldier "lt'b pretly, Sarge-but if thos<' Nips had w"Jrn hE.·imets in assorted · colors, it'd look more like a •CHRISTMAS TREE!'' Xhey'll Do It Every Time \, ? ~., .,.. By Jimmy Hatlo Somewhere in New Guinea, Jan. 4.-(Delayed) - (UP) - A soldier, stretched on an operating table in a stuffy little hospital tent near the Bumi front, was dying New Year's Eve despite everything Lts. Raymond Tice and Irving Maisel, the Army surgeons, could do. The soldier's arm and shoulder had been shattered and the doctors had amputated immediately because gas gangrene was setting in. But the shock was proving too much for the soldier and injections of blood plasma were not helping. Suddenly Tice _of Summerville, Kas., who joined the Army last March immediately after he finished his internship, had an idea. The soldier's dog tag showed that his blood and that of Tice were the same type. Minutes later Tice was making a transfusion of his owil blood dlrect to his patient. Sweat poured from the young surgeon's brow_ as 1 the blood flowed from his veins to that or the unconscious man on the rude table, Gradually the wounded man's condition improved. His heartbeat became stouter. Three hours later he had passed the crisis and by the time this story reaches the United States he will have been flown to a modern hospital in Australia. Tice and Maisel, from Newark, N.J., hadn't planned to spend New Year's Eve in the operating room, for they had a date with another officer to split a can of grapefruit juice and cut a fruit cake that pad arrived from home. But when eight natives arrived, after carrying the wounded man on a litter through several miles of ankle-deep mud, they forgot their plans and went J to work. ,__.--------- for BunaVictory Two U.S. Divisions Praised; Midwestern Youths in One Group United Nations Headquarter:., Australia, Jan. 9. - (UP) - Gen. Douglas MacArthur, in an order of the day citing officers and men of the United States and Australian Air Forces for bravery and cffici .. ency in the Papuan campaign, said today: "To God Almighty I give thanks for that guidance which has brought us to this success in our great crusade. "His is the honor, the power and the glory for ever. Amen.' 1 MacArthur said it was his high honor to cite for extraordinary: courage, marked efficiency and precise execution of operations 12 high officers who led the victorious cam .. paign. All Awarded. T~e cited, all of whom received tht:.. ~s.tinguished Service Cross, "the highest decoration at my disposal," were: Gen. Sir Thomas Blarney (Australia), commander of Allied ground forces in the Southwest Pacific. Lt.Gen. George C. Kenney, rom-mander of Allied Air Forces. Lt.Gen. Edmund Francis Herrin~ (Australia). Lt.Gen. Robert L. Eichelberger, commanding U.S. troops in Papua. Maj .Gen. Richard K. Southerland, chief of staff, Southwest Pacific. Maj.Gen. George Allen Vase (Australia). Brig.Gen. Charles A. Willoughby, assistant chic! o! sta!!, intelligence, Southwest Pacific. Grig.Gcn. Ennis C. Whitehead, air forces, New Guinea. Brig.Gen. Kenneth Walker, air forces, New Guinea. Brig. George Frederick Wootten (Australia). Brig. Kenneth William Eather (Australia). Group Capt. William Garing, Royal Australian Air Force. Two U.S. Div'isions Cited. Specially cited among the ground forces tor "magnificent conduct •.. operating under difficulties rarely if ever surpassed" were the 32d an 41st United States Army divisio in addition to the Australian 6 and 7th divisions, 6th Independ,n Commando unit and other elements and the native Papuan carriers. The 32d is composed largely o Wisconsin and Michigan men an the 41st of Oregon, Washin&to Idaho and Montana Nation Guardsmen. �. ~ ' " ·· UlJ!i uKAND RAPIDS HERALD, -··· - SUNDAY, JANUARY 3, 1943 1Work of Task Force in Soufh Pacific Described \,.,... ,-t) A steamy jungie frontier, lush in the Pacific is told1 they are go-.f - -- with palms, mahogany and teak, ing to be amazed at the area ingay with vari-hued orchids and volved." ever-bloominoshrubs and inhabI~ a general wa1, the force of 0 ' which Sergt. Burdick was a part ited by tribes of smiling black na- moved north from the Cor al sea to tives, clad according to sex in the Solomons. While they were clouts or mother hubbards building island bases, the Japanese Ibreech of dazzling dyes - that is the ro- w~re attempting _to do the same I mantle background for the ultra- thmg, ~o their Journey was far realistic type of modern warfare fr?m bemg _a pea ceful construction in which Sergt. Carl W. Burdick, tt•1p. Sometimes tq.e. .lapa_nese were now home on furlough, has been already ensconced on an ~sl~d antl engaged since last April. th~n there was sharp fighting to Strictly speaking, Sergt. Burdick drive them off: is here not on furlough but what From the skies the Japanese_ atis known as delayed routing, for tempted to watch th e American he has been ordered to this coun- movemen~s and th e task force was try to enter officers training school several times bombed. They w_ere at Aberdeen provin? grounds, Aber- ~eetl!f1~ ~fn•~ {:P~~=~e deen, Md., and will_ report . the_re rate it's clear th!t th~ task fore! ?-bout ~an._ 8. Meantime_ he is v1_s- was always able to continue its is1ttng h1s sisters, Mrs. Nick Stelhn land-to-island mission, so that the of 265 Alger st., SE., and Mrs. Hen- Japanese opposition cannot have ry Warren of 500 Delaware st., SE. been too effective. GRADUATE OF SOUTH GREETED BY CHIEF The sergeant is a graduate of . South high school and attended Some of these islands ar7 so close Junior college here. Before his in- together, two or ~hree miles only, duction into the army he was em- tha! t~e A~er1cans employed ployed at the Haskelite Manufac- ~:;1~~:!n ~:\~~e~e~~~:~:f~~i~;f; ~uring corporation. He '_Vas ftr~t friendly, . the American soldiers ~~~fc!~~ i~!ofoi~o~i~~m6ct~~e~~~~ fountl. . . released under the order given at . "Wh;,n you go i~to a_ n~hve that time releasing selectees who village, . Sergt. Burd1c~ s~d, you th always fmd that the prmc1pal coral 28 w~: ~~~e call!~ b;ck into service path leads to the hut ~f the chief. in F b"r a d ft When we approached his house the 1942 mont~'s ~r:~ing in' c:~for!ia~~a~ chief always came out to welcome sent with a task force to the south- us and usually pres_ented us _wtth a 1 ern . Pacific, h!s unit arriving !n :e°:des~ ;~: n:lv!~u~reo~e~i:,~i:; April just in time to take part m to work for the Americans but ~~e ::i:le i~f !!1:s C~rr~n~eash'~~~e~~ quite child-like." more than one sen!'e. y Most of the nativ~s have learned ,A: task force, Sergt. Burdick ex- s~me wo rd ~ of Enghsh, .sergt. BurPl8;1ned, is a fully self-sustaining dick expla1?~d, and w1_th gesture unit, with engineers, medical corps and repetition, A~encans can and other branches of service as· manage to talk with them. and well as the combat services. Sergt. give instructions for simple tasks. Burdick is in ordnance. A native would take a party of The mission of this particular Americans in his outrigger canoe task force was to work among the for a nickel or a dime when the myriads of islands in the southern task force first came to the region, Pacific, building permanent bases the sergeant added, but now that and airfields whei·ever among the friendly natives have learned these mountainous coral islands more about American money, "a such fields were possible. Small dollar" is their standard fee, hospitals were erected at the . bases, also. As soon as one base Most of the larger _Islands, he was completed the task force sai?, have coconut ~r coffee planmoved on, so that it became a say- tations run by Engltsh or French ing with the men that just as soon planters. An imported race, called as they got. a - place fit to live in by the soldiers the Tungunese, a they moved out of it. branch ot the yellow r~ce, are e~THOUSANDS OF ISLANDS ployed on th e plantations a nd m "Nobody can imagine the thou- the homes of planters as servants. sands of islands there are in this MoS t _ of t~iese yellow men 1:new area of the Pacific," said Sergt. English fairly well, th e A~ertcans Burdick. "People know of the fo~nd , but they were withdrawn Solomons antl the Coral sea, Aus- a~d unwilling to talk, muc~ less tralia, New Guinea. They don't frte?dly characters t~an the island realize how much other territory natives. To the mmd of Sergt. is being covered in this war, and Burdick, the Tungunese also conwhen the whole story of the war trasted very unfavorably with the ~~t1;,fr:::t ,m the most remote quarters of the southern Pacific come pictures, censor-passed and brought here by Sergi:. Carl w. -(k of Grand Rapids, now on furlough before entering officers' ) ft school. Above, a typical group of South Sea natives, among 11\ his task force has worked; below at left, a washroom, built tor th'W" soldiers by natiyes in their own style with woven coconut branclaes and grass roof. Right, Sergt. Burdick, standing on the lawn ot a French commissioner's home. ' -----------1 neat, clean, intelligent Javanese could. Sometimes a letter from employed on certain islands. home got through in 12 days and BRINGS GRASS SKIRTS sometimes it took four months. . No games that took more equip-, Just to show h_e'd really been_ in ment than a deck of cards were the southern Pacific Sergt, Bu rd_tck available. Carving mahogany and brought . back so~e g1·ass skirts teakwood fragments was one pura~ong ht~ souvenirs. However, he suit that met some favo:r in leisaid, the islanders no long_er wear sure hours. t?ese ex~e~t upon. ceremonial occaThe task force labored on, also, s1.0.ns __1'.-r.u.:;:nonary- mfluen~e has put without benefit of any cheers from the girls a11d women 1n mother the general public. First to last, hubbards, which they make them- Sergt. Burdick said (though with ~elves f~om the brightest hued cal- no sound of complaint in his voice) ico obtamable. the work of this unit has been unLittle general stores, not unlike publicized. The men on their lonethe country store of a generation ly jungle-swathed islands listen in or two ago, are found on the is- on short wave radio to many news lands, run ?Y the British and p,rograms. But their _ force, fo French tradmg ~rms , or by Tun- good reasons which will occur to gunese. Some mter-island com- any ~eader, was rarely or never merce and .$Orne commerce with mentioned, . Australia is still conducted, with Due ho1:or and. recogmtion cansmall steamboats or even wooden not be given this tas~, force at sailing vessels. pres_ent. But perhaps 1t s enough Copra is the principal export and for its members to know that over1 coconut groves a prominent fea- the island-dotted southern Pacificture of any island large enough today, in some of the most remote to be cultivated. . Iparts of the inhabited world, there For Amerlcanr. weather is so tor- are stepping stones for Allied rid" that whenever possible a rest ~~~n~~:no~ ~~:• j~~z~;dsc:;vde:a~~~ period is observed from 11 a. m. fof the coral, which wo~ld not have to 3 p. m. Sun helmets and sun ~been there but for these frontiersglasses must alwa~s be wa.rn when men of the Pacific. the men are outside during dayli~ht hours. ~n the rainy season ram may coritmue for three weeks at _a time,. so that clQthing and eqmpment is never dry. HEALTH IS GOOD Quinine and one of the new sulpha medici~es are a r_egul~r r:;t ~~ei:e ~~ezn. b:;~ s~:~:;~t;: against many diseases by shots before they are sent there. .. In genez:,al, health conditions were good t_n the task fore~, Sergt. Burdick said. The force hved on canned goods or on concentrated ratio_ns when necessary. There's no th mg very cheery about ea _mg a meal of the ~oncentrated _ration, the ser~eant said, bu~ he, said !hat the ration does_ 1:1amtam weight and strength_ as it IS claimed to do. As an experiment a group of men in his outfit, of whom he was one, lived for two weeks on the concentrated rations. None of them lost weight. Though Sergt. Burdick, healthy, Ii cheerful and well-poised, iS clear proof that morale can be maintained in a rain-soaked jungle, it is obvious that there weren't many outward aids to morale in the assignment his task force drew. Certalnly there were no cozy USO huts, and they hardly ever struck a base large enough to have even a pocket movie. Mail pursued them as best it �- AMERICANS OK LEAVE VISIT NEW 6UINEA NEIGHBORS. \-\G-"t>.} Overseas Papuan Victory Hailed~ by Allied Leaders , A•,, Br the Auoelated Pre.: ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA, Jan. 9-The triumph of Gen. Douglas MacArthur's troops in wresting the Papuan Peninsula of New Guinea from a Jap Army of 15,000 brought the General messages of congratulation today. Gen. George C. Marshall, United States Army chief of ataft, wired: "Heartiest congratulations for capturing Buna and on entire campaign in Papua, With the very limited mea~ available, the amount that , you have accompliehed is a tl"ibute to your leadership and to the fighting qualities of your soldiers. The wonderful work of your air force was an out.standing feat of the operations." Gen. Sir Archibald P. Wavell, commander of the British forces in India, wired: "Your success in the Papuan campaign. elicits my warmest congratulationJi.'' Gen. 11(' Arthur, In an order ot the day i.nnounced earlier, praised the officers who had the leading roles in the Papuan triumph and singled out elements of the 32nd (Red Arrow) Division and j other American and Australian units for the heroic parts they played in destroyed the Jap forces. The 32nd Division is composed largely of Michigan and Wisconsin soldiers. Associated Press photo HOT FOOD COMES TO AMERICAN SOLDIERS AT THE FRONT in New Guinea near Buna. The1e soldiers were in the line I I days. -P- .- �p AYER IN THE NEW GUINEA JUNGLE-An army chaplain from Detroit, Fr. Stephen Dzienis, and \ ~\ 0 - 't- 3 move up to the front at Buna. •-Those familiar with the Red Arrow - They arrived at a time when the IN FRENOH GROUP know that it never gives any otller Marne had been captured and the And so it went. They fought in kind of performance. battle of Chateau Thierry had been the Oise-Aisne offensive as the TRUE TO FORM fought. .Fresh troops were needed only American outfit in Gen. Man"What else do· you expect," they to keep the advantages that had gin's Tenth French Army. They ask, 'from an outfit that fought been gained and to press for more. marched 300 kilometers to the on five fronts in three major offen· The Red Arrow men were sent Rhine as front-line element of the sives in World War I, and that j into the hottest sector of the line. Third Army. For four months :vanquished 23 German divisions?" OVER THE TOP they occupied the center sector in That, of course, is only a sketchy Under German fire, they re• the Coblenz bridgehead, holding idea of what the Red Arrow did relieved the Third Division. Three 63 towns and 400 square kilo• 1 in the last war. It also had the hours later they went over the top meters of territory. ' , - 10• 'f.'.3 distinction of being the first Amer- for their first full taste of war. By the time It was over, more ican unit on German soil. They dashed across a clearing than 800 officers and men__._.l:lad Group Was First For six months the Red Arrow and lodged themselves in an been decorated by the American, lived continually under fire. It enemy woods. It was then they French and Belgian governments. American Unit struck heavy blows in the Aisne.. began the fierce assault that won Back in America, the Red Arrow Marne, the Oise•Aisne and the them their name. kept its traditions alive and be.. to Battle Its Way Meuse Argonne campaigns. It . Before them was a hill bristling came one of the . nation's crack gained 36 kilometers in fou~ at• :rwith German machine guns. The National Guard outfits. In Octa .. onto German Soil tacks and repulsed every enemy ;;mall woods in front of and be• ber, 1940, it was mustered into counterattack. hind the hill concealed other gun Federal service again and began In 1918, Michigan's Red Arrow BROKE EVERY LINE Jlests. But the hill had to be taken. trammg in Loms1ana. A few of Division blazed through the ArIt gained its name from the fact The men of the Red Arrow, 1 the men were 1918 veterans; many gonne Forest, leaving a glowing that it shot through every line the With no cover and with almos_t no , were sons of heroes of the old streak of history behind it. enemy put before it. The French, combat experience, were pitted Red Arrow. Today, a quarter of a cent~f? though had a different name for against well-protected Germans I ADY FOR ACTION later and halfway ar_ound e the me~ of the 32nd. who had been ordered to die at RE . globe, that stre~k of. ~1sto~ has I They called them 11Les Terri- their posts, if necessary, but to By the time the Japs struck at reappeared, and its bnlhance 1s un- bl ., hold the hill. Pearl Harbor, they vtere ready to dimmed. ;hile this may have an uncom• Despite the odds, the men of go into action. They left '!,he coun· The Red Arrow, Gen. Douglas plimentary sound to young Amer- the Red Arrow attacked. With try early in 1942, but. ~heir whereMacArthur has revealed, pl~yed a ica, the French didn't mean it that ma-0hine•gun bullets swarming abouts had been a m1,htary secre~ stellar p~rt in the. ~mashmg of way. They meant that the 32nd at them from the front and sides, until Gen. MacArthur s announce the Japs m New Gmma. :was ''terrifying" to the e!1emy. they crept and shot and slugged ment. . . "While all ground troops have ,II'he division, or a port10n of It, their way ahead. . While Michigan ltkes to think of performed admirably,,, the Gen- ~o~tered· :(la.ng-er __before Jt got When it was over the Red Arrow the I:,ed An-ow as its own division, eral announced Saturday. "ele• t 9 France. About 200 of their had the hill this isn't really true, bec_ause ~ome ments of the • • • 32nd (Red number were . killed when a Ger• The adva~ce continued, and on of it,s units are from W1sc.onsm. ! Arrow) Division ••• have been man submanne torpedoed ~he the seventh day they marched into But little strife has arisen _be• especially prominent." (Gen. transport Tuscania off the Scottish :Vesle. They had covered 12 miles, tween the two. ~t~te~ over rival MacArthur cited several other coast. where a gain of 12 yards would claims to the d1v1sion 5 glory. units also.) · 11 this bad any effect upon have been considered a triumph. Perhaps this is because both Announcement that the Red their fighting spirit, however, They had captured 18 vllla,ges and states realize that when the boys 'Arrow had been in combat in New it was only to inflame it. They trainloads of enemy supplies and of the Red Arrow are in there Guinia was news to many ot the had been In France only a brief the Germans were in hurried re• pitching there's sure to be glory folks back home. AMouncement time when Gen. ·John J. Persh.. treat. enough for all, Ing became impressed by their , that Its performance had been spirit and complimented them ------especially promi!}ent" _ was not. on It. 1918Deeds Are Recalled After Praise I l r �? (Allied Jungle Warriors, Count Toll of 116 Japs ( IAllies Breach Last Jap 1 By TOM YARBROUGH 1 · \ \-\S-'t-".!> Lines on Papua ,-,i. -+.Peninsula '.!. bombers and fighters maintained ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN their daily pressure on Japanese (Friday) UP)-Allied landing strips and bivouac areas. IAUSTRALIA, jungle fighters counted 116 dead striking along the New Guinea . Japanese Thursday and beat the coast from Sanananda to Madang. bm~hes for more bodies after a By TOM YARBROUGH tured after the forward positions ALLIED HEADDUARTERS IN were destroyed, The heaviest raid was aimed at AUSTRALIA (Saturday) ~ - An Allied break-through at Sanananda, New Guinea, in which at least 152 Japane!e were killed in one day's fighting Thursday was reported in today's noon communique by Gen. Douglas MacArthur. Sanananda, immediately northwest of Buna on the northeast New Guinea coast, is the only spot in aU the Papuan peninsula still held by a fragment of a .Tap army which once totalled 15,000. There jungle fortifications plus swampy conditions caused by recent rains had slowed up the cleanup drive. A spokesman a.t General MacArthur's headquarters did not amplify the official report which l!laid the arms and eQuipment ~er• cap- ' two-day foray against the enemy Lae where the Japanese made in the Mubo area, inland from Sa• no attempt to interfere while lamaua, and 12 miles to the south, Mitchell bombers, escorted by ! Lightnings, started big fuel fires I in New Guinea. It was the first reported land along the shore. Absence of Jap ! clash in that area in months. aerial opposition was in sharp con(However, increasing attention trast with last week when the enhas been given trails of the area emy sent over swarms of planes by starfing planes, according to in an attempt to provide cover recent communiques) . for a reinforcing naval convoy and, Continuing rainy weather kept for their plains, suffered the loss figl}ting down to a minimum on or damage of more than 130 the Sananada front but the en- planes. emy is being nudged back by pa- In ihe Salamaua sector, a forcP. trol activity. Sanananda is the ot Bostons made 16 strafing runs \ only point in all the Papuan pe-- over some enemy troops which ; nlnsula where remnants of a JaJ) might have been remnants of a ,army which once totalled 15,000 recent attempted landing at Mamistill are holding out. bare or stragglen from AlliedGeneral Douglas MacArthur's conquered Gona.. l 1 • I SUNDAY, JANUARY 10, 1943 is !!!t~Pa!~ei:~a:! ~Jo!!uJ:ia:!~! another Allied force concluded a three-day assault in which "heavy" casualties were inflicted and the Japanese area headquarters destrayed. Yesterday's communique listed Jap dead there as totalling at least 116. Bombers meanwhile struck far and wide, bla.Ating targets in the Tanfmbar islands, in the Aratura sea. harbor installations at Rabaul, New Britain, and supply dumps at Lae, New Guinea. A Liberator on reconnaissance shot down one of two intercepting fighters over Celebes, in the Dutch East Indies, and near Lae another Liberator knocked down at least two out of six. l New Glory .Is Old Stuff to the Fighting Red Arrow J)ivision - - In the Forests of France or the Jungles 6f New Gui~e.1,..-a----t~he=3=2~nd_S__,_m-as-he_s_O_n_ _ t !flf ~ ARROW INFANTRY IN ALSACE IN WORLD W.AB I Jnat home In _1918, Mi?hlgan men of r 9' ~:, ~ t: ',· ,_ - -~ .~ .~ • ·;e;: t- .. -~..,,,, ·_.·,.,. ...- - •,:,., ··. ffH, - - Rl:D ARROW ENGINEERS TRAINING FOR WORLD WAR U 32~ DlvWon have made history again In New Guinea hy hel11ing to mog up the Jal'!. • . - .-- · - · -I �"What the hell's the use of being up here, if nobody knows out to tired troops wbom he met I'm here?" he demanded. "I en route. want these- boys to know I'm Chlcpgo Tribune J:!'orblgn Service SOMEWHERE IN AUSTRALIA, gr~::· 1o!!~~':~fertab~:'s in there with them." 1 Jan. 9-Lieut. Gen. Robert I. Eich• vitamin capsuleJi. These he dis• The field telephone in its leather el berger, whose leadership of tributes with a lavish hand case on a tree jangled insistently. BY F. R. NODERER !':: A1:1erican tPOops in the Buna cam• a;~,e t~alt' ;::;~h!~r~~~a~~:i!e ~!fdr;~~-o~n~;c~!{~ie;_} :.,lb:~ pa1gn was revealed today, !?rob- j Eichelberger boomed out greetings swered it. · 41 ably has been shot at and missed to his soldiers as we fought our The artillery is falling short," more th)le~ than any ~ther. three- way forward thrOugh the jungle. said an excited voice. "It's fal1ing star Amerlc{l,11 general m this war. Near the front we encountered a near our advanced observation Eichelber~er is a soldier's sol• wo1.tnded soldier lylng in the mud, post." dier. Rll;Ilnmg a ~ar by remo~e his face pale and drawn, While Waldron was trying to control is somethmg he doesn t Eichelberger looked down upon get the artillery commander on understand. Instead of a rubb~r him and said quietly: the telephone to tell him to raise stamp, which forms the principal "Son, I am sorry you got it.'' his range, Eichelberger announced ~fir,1;11ame~t of many gen~rals, The boy was silent a moment, as that he was going up front to see Ike earn~~ a tommy gun. (He if polling himself together, and for himself if our shells were fallnot only cart1es lt-he .£~es it.): then answered: ing short, and he invited me along. "Sir, I wouldn't be the first man When we got there we found·! Am-ong the troops under Eichel- to die for freedom," that the artillery had been falling berger's command in New Guinea ARRIVE AT POST a little short. There was a crater ! were elements of the 32nd (Red In about 20 minute! we reached 25 feet from the advanced obserArrow) Division, which is com• the advanced command post, in vation post, but nobody had been posed largely of Michigan and the shelter of huge trees 300 years hurt. Wisconsin men. .. old. We waited there While the The observ&tion post was in a (A : New York Times Foreign artillery preparation went on. clearing in the jungle, where the Service dispatch from "SomeAs we sat there, the enemy Japs had established a bivouac. where in New Guinea" said that treated us to an air raid. Bombs' Gen. Eichelberger displayed a the Red Arrow troops, under fell so close that the trees shook. total disregard for Jap bullets. On Eichell;)erger, were concentrated Many of us crouched low, but numerous occasions I saw bullets, largely on the eastern sector of. Eichelberger sat erect on an up- which had crossed his shoulder 1 the Buna front, · which included tu,r.\l.e4 box. never batting an eye. and smacked into the mud of the the area from Buna village eastEichelberger is like--'- that. .He track from Buna, '150 yards away. ward through Cape Endaiadere. exudes confidence. , '"It won't g~ you unless- it has In the later stages of the fightThe Gener a I's subordinates your name on it," he said to me. st ing, the Americans were joined t~isre~z1:~ t!~e!h~: Ies<:~n-::_~~~~~ ht: f~atd nd ~6r!~.~traJi~n tank a .infa:"tr~ I went to the front, telling him that moments firing a tommy gun into the Japs always try to pick off the trees, trying to get some Jap American officers. snipe rs, Evenutally he was (The Times correspondent, F. wounded. Tilman Durdin, added: "The men JAPS HIT BACK of the 32nd in Buna met Japanese veterans at jungle warfare In the afternoon the Japs beand in their first fighting in this came angry and started a counter- I war bested the enemy.'') attack. Branches began fluttering down out of the trees as the firing Gen. Eichelberger arrived on the cut them off. Buna front on Dec. 1. Five days Pretty soon the Jap• sttlrted later he launched an attack, and working down the trail .with invited me and another corresponmortars, each bomb falling a dent to go along·and see the fun. little closer. We rode for 45 minutes in a Pretty soon the Jape started jeep, then struck out through t.he working back up the trail toward jungle swamp, slithering and slidBuna.- nice systematic fellows, ing through ank1e deep mud. In those Japs. his hand the general carried a box In the afternoon the General, of salt tablets, which he passed who had been enjoying himself all day, announced that he was going Turu to Page 2, Column 4 , right up that trail to Buna Village. The revelation that Gen. Eichelberger led the American troops in thls campaign was made today when it was announced that he had been awarded the Distinguished Service Cross. I ~;~;f ::::sd l!~ Bombers Rake Foe ~ inyGuinea .~ I 1 Allied Planes Maintain . Daily Attacks on Enemy Bases fBy Assoc iated Press.) t A1lied planes Wednesday pounded 1 Japanese bases at Lae, Salamaua, Madang and Finschhafen in northeastern New Guinea as heavy rains I slowed operations to stamp out the t_:i;apped enemy garrison at Sapf• ' nanda point on t])e Papuan pertlnsuta, Gell. Douglas MacArthur·~ headquarters announced Thursday. Lae which has been blasted r~lentl~ssly from th_e air since th<> Japanese landed reinforcements there last week from a badly battered convoy, was the target of especiaUy heavy raids. "In a series of co-ordi1'aled attacks our heavy. medium and attack units with strong fighter cov~r bombed the airdrome, harbor installations, stores. and barges," the communique said. "Damage was heavy and large fires were started. Supply dumps and barges along the shore were effectively strafed and ar.d an enemy fighter caught on the gro1,md at .Malaband was destroyed." At Madan_g and Finschhafen, far• ther ur the coast, the allied 3.ir• J men bombed and strafed enemy airdromes, while in the Salamaua area attack planes hammered en• I emy communication lines. I An allied reconnaissance plane I also was cred,ited with shooting 1 down two Japanese fighters and 1 possibly a third when intercepted by six enemy aircraft over Gas• mata, New Britain. The communique said nine enemy bombers had raided the wharf area at Merauke in Dutch New Guinea but h'°d caused neglizible damage. I Explains Delay In Guinea Push '1-3 I \ ~ )'t" Writer Describes Front: Tells of Talk With . Ada Soldier (By William F. Boni.) With American Troops in New !'I Guinea--(JP}-The very character of the front laughingly called the Sanananda front accounts in large degree for the slow progress of allied troops in cleaning out the vestige of enemy strength on the Papuan peninsula. An attack in force is due to be launched in time, but naturally it won't come until the Jap positions - well - concealed machine gun I posts, gun empl?cements and pill• boxes-have been located by small l :patrols which constantly are work- ' ing the area. I visited this "front" this week ,, with a unit of American troops and had an opportunity to survey [ it closely while the men reste1 I along the · jungle • bordered trru · leading to Sanananda point itself. I swapped stories about the States (they're all eager to know if prohibition has been put into effect) with Pvts. E. E. Brown of Ada, Mich., and Maurice Derdey, jr., of Fort Smith, Ark. Actually, the front is composed ~~j~~~::a~~ifs~ps and Americans j I I 1 1 His :first hot meal in 22 days brought a grin to the tired face of SGT. WALTER A. BARON, son of Anton \\'. Baron, 719 Scribner-av., N. W., on the Sanananda front in New Guinea, according to an Associated Press description with this picture. Sgt. Baron heaped his mess trays with "hot chow" after more thar.. three weeks spent In fighting the Japs in the jungles. \ Beyond one allied force, for in• stance, the enemy holds a wedgeshaped position between the main Sanananda track and another trail branching off to Cape Killerton. But beyond those Japs there are Americans who have closed off a part of the enemy's possible line of withdrawal. And within earshot of those Americans there is a Jap force less than 50 yards away. �Associated Press Pbotoe MICHIGAN MEN ARE VETERANS OF NEW GUINEA FIGHTING SERGT. NELSON WATERBURY, a soldier from Ypsilanti, l\lich., ascends by means of climbiug-irous to a palm tree telephone pole at Buna, New Guinea, to keep the all-impor .. tant communicaUons line clear. -.-SUNDAY, JANUARY 17, LINED UP alongside a. native hut in New Guinea, where Michigan's famed Red Arrow Divisfon has made new history, are these veterans, from teft, front row: Lieuts. Zina R. Carter, St. Petersburg, Fla.; Henry Gibbs, Jr., Morehead City, N. C.; Harold Evans, Robersonville, N. C.; \V. A. Sikkel, HOLLAND, ~JOH.; Charles Kanapaux, Brooklyn; Father Stephen Dzienls, DETROIT; Guy Willars, Indianapolis. Rear row: Lieuts. Lytle, San Antonio; William W111s, MUSKEGON, MICH.; John O'Sullivan, Medford, Mass.; Phillip Goldberg, of the l\larlnes, from Brooklyn; Capts. Lester Segal, Marine from ANN ARBOR, MICH.; Francis Larldn, Marine from Uniontown. ,v. s 1943 l \• \"'\ • 't.3 LT. GEN. EICHELBERGER AND NATIVE CARRIERS Th <' <'ommandcr of American troops in New Guinea, Lieut. (;en. Robert L. Eichelberger, Istands shirtless with a group of Papuan carriers who won the praise of Gen. Douglas MacArthur for their aid in transporting supplies to the battle front. A~SOCIATED PH.ESS PHOTO \-\·'"\··,;.-¥-3 IIK\KII\G TIIMI( WOl:I\DJ,;I) on a shoulder-high stretcher, American soldiers on the Soputa front near Buna, New ( :uinca, return to headquarters afle1 11 days fighting the Japs. �!Eichelberger-ls Tops, Sayi7 G.R.Man Who WosHisAidel re-1 If' you've a son, husband or At the" eiid of an hour I felt sweetheart serving under Lieut. lieved that he did not ask me to · Gen. Robert L. Eichelberger, com- butt my head against the wall of 1 mander of }he Ahierican trq,ops in l tl].e building, for if he h_ad I would Papua, you can-be thankful that l h~v~ do1;,e so unquestioning- and your soldier is under so capable a w1Jhngly. commander, A. L. Cooley of 717 Eich_elber~er proved to ?e a str!~t Kellogg st., SE., who served under but fair officer, a man with an Eichelberger in the first World cellen~ sens~ of humor, a comwar, said Monday. ~andmg ~ff1cer Vfho could both Eichelberger was awarded the give attention to mmute d~tails and tinguished Service Cross Satur- ~:!~ul~;.rough large proJects sueday by . Gen. Doug!as ~acArthur Before Cooley and he separated for serv1c~ in. the v1ctor_1ous Papu- Eichelberger bad been promoted to an campaign m Ne~ _Gumea, Th~re major in command of the first batts a strong probab1hty that some talion and Cooley was his adjutant. Grand Rapids soldiers particiBy that time Cooley had learned pated in this campaign. one of his superior's weaknesses, a Lieut. Gen. Eichelberger, now 55 passion for boots. Maj. Eichelberyears of age, after service with the \ ger was forever buying them, until infantry in this~ountry d°uring tbei· Mrs. Eichelbergei· was at her wit's ~ first World war, was chief of staff end to know where to stow ~hem, t G G • Sib i • J.9l8One day shortly before E1chel1~ ~:ted :~~ \~!;fH.cu- berger was ordered _to Siberia, in 1 0 1 ous gallautry and bravery when 1918, Cooley came _mto battalion he rescued a wounded enlisted man headqua_.rters, I we:.~ngb at brand at great personal risk. Prior to\ new pair of e k 1 e 00 s. the outb~·eak of this war Gen. Eich- MAJOR IN WAITING elberger was superintendent at Eichelberger spotted them at West Point, the youngest man ever once, questioned his adjutant to hold this position.. where he had got them and MET IN UTAH learned with visible regret that th Cooley's acquaintance with Gen. ;t:~:: had bought e last pair in Eichelb~rgcr goes back to days "He :went back to his desk," when the general was a captain of Cooley added, "with the words, infa.&1.try at Ft. Douglas, near Salt •If you ever get tired of them, La.Ke City, and Cooley was a brand you've got a customer right here new second lieutenant just out of waiting for them.' See EICHELBERGER-Page 10 "'Well,' I replied jokingly, •the o~~aining campMd scared only way the major can get th~se to his shiny bootheels at reporting boots is ,to command me to give th to a re~ular army officer for his ;~;~· he laughed •but if they 0 1 fi~t as~i~ment. were b orses I'd ran k you out of Rea~1zmg ~y many deficiencies them'-this referring to the old and being anxious to make good" • 1 said Cooley Monday, ..1 had take'n army custom that entitles an off • steps to provide m self w·th cer to take a horse ~ro~ another k y . 1 every of lesser rank or semor1ty." cii;;~yvo~~::~;t~~~n~~gt~il~~:~ "~he~ Eichelbe~g~r w~s ordered ice. All during the long train trip to S1ber1a,_ he agam mqmred about from the middlewest to Salt Lake the elk ~ude boots and Co~ley. reCity I absorbed, to the best of m peated his asse_rtion that he d. yield ability, their contents. Y them only on command but winked "Captain Eichelberger was seated rh~n h,~ added, i•If you command. at his desk when I came in, la.?L-~t Cooley " Eichelberger reboriously struggling with the in~ spon~ed · "you 'are hereby com .. trtcate problems of a company mantled' to divest yourself of one fund book. He looked u?. I stood air of elkhide boots and deliver : ~nee transfixed, expecting at any fhem immediate}y to Maj. Robert 0 my h:Jd t;nitt~:g u~~~:h~~itt~fs': L. Eichelberger and r~ceive from of my general looks and bearing to hi~ tl~e sum of $15 m paymen~, castigation of my ancestors from which 1s too - - much but thats Adam to the present time. what I'll pay." "Then he smiled, A broad, conCooley complied. tagious smile. "KNOWS ms JOB" "'!'here was a slight lift in the "When 'Ike' left us for that meclouds of distressing expectancy. morable trip to Sibei·ia," he con• WARM GREETING tinued, "I noticed a huge sheet of light canvas about the size of a .. He arose, came from behind his _larre bed lslleet. tied at the corners desk with extended hand and shook mine with a brand of sincerity not and containing heaven only knows to be mistaken for polite formality. how many pairs of boots. I wonder His first words were an inquiry as if he still collects them." to whether or not I had found "The soldier who is serving uncomfortable quarters. der Gen. Eichelberger," Cooley con4<He then reached over, closed cluded, ' 1 is under the command of the company fund book and escorta man who knows his job and ed me, first to the first sergeant, works at it every conscious mothen to other non-commissioned ment. If my son were going into officers present, after which we the armed service tomorrow for made a brief tour of the company active service, I would get down quarters and returned to his ofon my knees and pray to God that fice, where we talked for some time he be permitted to sarve under on everything but military matters. 'Ike' Eichelberger." I I a:«twa.!a;;~ Commands Many Michigan Troops \ -,:l,-'t~ Lieut. Gen. Robert L. Eichelberger, who was decorat.ed last week for distinguished service in New Guinea, is the man you'd like to ti;; !:1"~':~- s~ s;;::::-,19~~ori~~oti11!~n~~rc:~•ex;!1!!1! troops In Papua, Elchelberger's forces include many soldiers from Michigan and Wisconsin's S2nd and 41st divisions. I LIVING UP TO 1 A G RE AT TRADITION N\C6' GOI tJ • ,SiJT)T)'/! '~\ .(;/ -~ I :: �calls for watchful vigilance of this Michigan soldier, Corp. John A. Allman (right), of Horton, and his companion. Pvt. John W. Halsey, or Califomi:i. ey are manning a machine gun in front of a native village. Both are with U. S. forces which are wiping out Japs. Note contrast between straw thatched hut and tarpaulin which covers their dugout. �-~- Japs Doomed at Sanananda \- ~o-'t-3 ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Wednesday) UP) American and Australian jungle fighters tightened the 1 r lines around four pockets of doomed Japanese In the Sanananda sector or New Guinea Tuesday after tak :2Jap Bases ,Destroy~~--- -.3 Allied Troops Grab Two More Positions in Papuan Sector ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Tuesday) UP) - Al• lied ground forces pressing in from the west Monday destroyed two strong Japanese positions that pro-tected Sanananda Point, New Guinea, while other troops on the east moved forward with artillery. On the west side Gen. MacArthur's men took Cape Killerton, a .Allies Closing In on Papuan Japs ,-,,-If-~ mile and a half up the coast from Sanananda, and then proceeded against Wye Point, 700 yards far-, ther a long. There they encountered stiff resistance but. overcame it. The communique sized up the situation as a continuation of "gen- 1eral \ ing the village and Point Monday. Japanese were pocketed on the coast on both sides of Sanananda Point and in two places along the swampy Sanananda road which leads to the beach. Enemy casual• ties :were described as heavy but no figures were given. Twenty•seven were captured. Some Japanese escaped from dugouts and were wandering at large. Eighteen Jap bombers raided the Sanananda area in an attempt to aid their beleaguered ground forces but the communique said the at• tempt was unsuccessful. The first disclosure of the presence of any enemy submarine in Australian waters in several months came with the announcement that a small Allied vessel had been tor-pedoed and sunk. There were two casualties. Four Japanese bombers raided Milne bay "without effect" Monday night, following up a much bigger raid about noon Sunday. Allied air raids were reported on the Gasmata airdrome in New: Britain, supply dumps in the Lae sector, buildings and huts in Por• tuguese Timar and a town in the IKai lolanda, liquidation.'' Patrol activity in the vicinty of ' Mubo vllage near S4Jamaua 4, ,e.ecounted for the 40 Japanese caaulittes. A bomber on reconnaissance over the Bismarck sea west of New Ire11and had good fortune in finding '1 \ an 8 000-ton Jap cargo ship. The bomber planted two direct bits that set the ship ablaze and it sank in eight minutes. Two formations of bombers _and 1 fighters, which the commumque rated as large, hit Lae on New Guinea again in two separate dayUght attacks, destroying one fight• er on the ground and starting flree among suppl~stallations, I ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Sunday) UP)-Allied ground troops are closing in on the Japs at Sanananda, the last point held by the enemy in the Papuan peninsula of New Guinea, Gen. Douglas MacArthur's head• quarters reported today. An intimation of this approach• ing climax to the Papuan campaign had been supplied in yesterday's communique which told of an Allied break-through at Sanananda, which is immediately northwest of Buna. This thrust cost the enemy at l&ist 152 casualties. 1 Smash Grip-of \ Japs on Papua: Allied Forces Moving So Fast They Haven't Time to Count Victims \-i.\~lt-) I i ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Thursday) UPJ-AlJied juhgle fighters, moving so fast they didn't have time to count the enemy dead, further compressed Japanese pockets around Sanananda Point in New Guinea while Allied bombers attacked 10 points embracing practically the whole south Pacific area yesterday and the day . before. "The whole thing is crumbling," said a spokesman at Gen. Douglas MacArthur's headquarters concerninc tt,e ~apuan ground resistance of tl!e Japs. An enemy pocket northwest of the point wh,re the Sanananda road reaches the beach still \i..resisting and there is heavy flgh'\.mg on the other side of the point be~ tween Giruwa and Tarakena where the Japanese attempted to break ou~wo other enemy groups still are showing some fight along the inland road. One aboqt 2,500 yards inland has been split up. The bombers made their strongest call at Lae, starting new fires among supply installations. 1 1 WASHINGTON UP) Heavy bombing attacks on Japanese bases in the northwestern Solomon ta. lands .were reported Monday by the navy, which said that one bombing raid, on the island of Ballale, started fires visible for 50 miles. As both army and .n avy bomber• blasted the Jap positions 300 miles distant, ground troops on Guadal• canal island mopped up pockets of enemy resistance in newly con• quered areas on the flanks of the American posc.it:_io'-n_s_, _ _ War Echoes in Grand Rapids ,-~,-~:!. NEW GUINEA NATIVE BOY WRITES TO CORPORAL'S KIN, Iworth While in Australia Corp. EllsWoolpert, 30, made friends with a Koala bear and a carpet snake, he indicated on a postcard picture sent to his home here. Transferred to New Guinea, he became acquainted with a 6-yearold "Fuzzy-Wuzzy"-or New Guinea native-who had been taught by missionaries to speak and write Englisjl, . Corp. Ellsworth persuaded the boy, whose name is Joine Tau, to write. a letter to his 8-year-old nephew, Russell Swanson, son of Mr. and Mrs. Julius C. Swanson, 1741 Kalamazoo-av., S. E. The letter now is , one of Russell's most prized possessions. Although Corp. Ellsworth Is 0 1'.:ep.t very .busy" in New Guinea he ttnO~ time to write frequent letters, Be told his parents, Mr. and Samuel C. Woolpert, 1044 Lake Michlgan-dr., N, W., that Thanksgiving day had been "particular1y eventful" but· that he had come out of the experience unhurt. According to his most recent letter, dated Jan. 2, he still Among ·the "friends" that CORP. ELLSWORTH WOOLPERT made 1 is well. in Australia before transfer to New Guinea were a Koala bear and Ellsworth was inducted In April, a carpet make-friendly at least while this picture was being taken, 1941, and left for overseas service a year later. He is a graduate of . Union High school and Grand Rapids Junior college, and formerly . worked for the state as an oir Mrs. surveyor. �.. a. ~'I- 3 \'"" They Could Mean Kisses, but Censor 'Also Recognizes They May Be Code !!..--------------------------'! ••oceans I Washington - (JP) of love and X X X X X-Hiram." ".!'hose five crosses might very well mean: "Nyaaaaa, Mr. Censor, ya can't keep me from letting my gal know I'm going to north Africa with my outfit." So Mr. Censor cuts them out. Because Hiram might have it fixed up so that one cross would mean he was being sent to Australia, two to Papama, three to Iceland and so on. The Hirams and their girls will go to surprising lengths to keep each other infoTrmhaet~s• ywouhaktnot,hve. censor has to guard against-their saying something that might get to the enemy and give him vital information. Uncle Sam has thrown such a ring of censorship around this country t hat it keeps 13,500 censors busy. Keep Close \Vat ch . The letters people write are ~n1Y one item that th e censor;v~tc e~. Under Direct or Byron nee, t e office of censorship in Washington directs a sifting process-mostly at the country's borders-for all letters, cables and telephone conversations that cross the borders of tiol\ of freighter planes; buildings and equipment for handling planes at a certain base; information about anti-aircraft defenses, troop disposals, oil suppl~es and steamer routes. Some of this information was culled from letters written by the second type of uffender--..the person who doesn't realize he's possibly supplying vital information. Many persons apparently still don't understand just whcit the censor is looking for. Can't Ta ke Cha nces. Now you may be writing to someone outside the United States without the slightest intention of divulging any th ing th at would aid th e enemy, but because of some st range or unusual phrasing you employ th e censor may have to hold your letter up. He can't take chances. He's got a tough an(;]. thankless job. H e has to look very carefully int o such innocent-appearing thi ngs as grades of a student in this country writing to his parents, say in P uerto Rico. They might be a code. municating with the enemy was discovered through some samples of stamp collections he was mail• ing out. These were all neatly pasted up-so noatly that t he initial letters of the various countries spelled out a message. When the censor holds up a letter which might contain something dangerous it merell{_ may be delayed until any information it might impart becomes useless because it's out of date. Or it may be turned over to decodin g experts to see whether it's really a code. In certain cases 'it may be suppressed al together. F inally, if the rest of the letter is beyond question, the doubtful part is cut out. Generally, in all but the doubtful cases the average maximum delay is 24 hours, says the office -of censorship. If you're sincere and aren1t trying to put something across, just remember that anything unusual about your letter makes it fair game to be held up and investigated. American good nature often comes to the censor's attention. T here \Vas the gal who addressed a marine censor: "I Jove this Jeatherneck and if you take ou t a single sweetie-pie I'll never forgive you." One young lady got a much cu t ~ up letter from her soldier boy friend with this note from t he armv censor: 'Y Id ·11 1 ' our so ier st1 oves you, but A dangerous agent who was com- he _ta_l_k_ s _to_o_~uch." I co;~rft~:~~1{~~el~t~!;!e:~d cables that the censor really gets into his job. Personal letter writers let down their hair and speak their mind. First of all the censor has to look out for dodges used by people consciously trying to slip something through. I T h ese may be enemy agents, such f as the man in Alaska who wrote to a firm in this country asking for instruction:; about using invisible ink. L earn Secret Plans. Or the Alaskan who wrote to a neutral address that he was going a hundred miles into the deep woods to operate a radio station. • Censorship picked up ·a complete and detailed account of the Pearl Harbor disaster which, if it had reached Japanese hands, might have advised them as to the possibility of a followup attack on Hawaii. Here are some of the censored items from Alaskan mail : The number of planes at a cert ain poi nt; information on a convoy of mili- 1 tary transport s; bases and distribu- ·" 'lij,' GRAND RAPIDS, MICH., SATURDAY, JANUARY 23, Paid With Lives for Victory in New Gu,inea MAJ. HAROLD M, HOOTMAN,• c enter ; CAPT. JOHN D. SHIRL EY, r ight, and TECIL SGT, BE RT A. TOCZDLOWSKI, left. 11 MA6HIFtCEHT CONDUCT,Sl(.tLL AND COUIU6E' 'mac~ 812.IN61N6 NEW GLOR.Y ., , II~\ TO OLD GLOR.Y• \ - I"}- 't..3_ 1943. �Troops Battle Mud, Malaria . (Editor', n~, The I follo~~:lIi;)w:pidndgM!!ut l~pr Pockets pakh Js the first eyewitness account o! the fighting that broke the last or: Japanese resistance .on Papuan New , oun e arch Back. Then we m t th . . coming f e th e first traffic the Amer~~:. e other way- T · ~ - hat happened right away, The boy from Montana stepped out' in Guinea.) ___ the middle of the road· and yelle~: (By Frank H. Bartholomew.) there were th wiu nd ed. Usually "All you guys who got no bus1With the Allied Forces on the \ jeep on str t ~e 01Y.sdon a tople£S ness on this road get the h-1 off 1 • e c ers ai crosswise-- of it and keep off Gun crews Sanananda Front--<lPl - American one across the hood and two across service each mortar ~ith 20 round~ and Australian troops in close co- tht ~ back seat. Another boy of ammunition Guns will fire in r1pped · t , r1'des with . ' salvos 30 secon.· ds apart. I'll give operation really belted h-1 out of sthe d 1. to the d w ais the Japanese in the last fight of over 1ver an dwaves palm fronds the signal from the middle of the . le woun ed to keep the flies road by dropping my arm_ I'll / Papua, which started when a lad ~way and provide a breath of air have my helmet in my hand so you from Montana stood in a jungle m the dank stillness. can all see it'. We wart salvoes, road and dropped his arm in a f Thf~ wound~d boys were bound no ragged firing. Get it? All start firing" signal and ended or ield _hospital tents. There was right. •. " when the count of dead Japanese no moanmg nor complaining. His arm went down. stood at 475. S Next came t~e walking wounded. The noise of-,he first salvo was 1 The troops were called at 5 o'clock . ome had the r arms in slings and blended into one heavy concus50 and ~t was a black and heavy th~~ ~~~s t::porary patches over sion, but the show didn't really mornmg. But they. were glad !o d n_ecks. Son:~ stum- start until a few seconds later get up because 10 mches of ram ble~ al~ng sick with maJanal fever when all shells land together on had failen in the night, a good which lS th e curse of this Guinea the stubbornly held Japanese posipart of it coming through the coast. tion leaky tents and flowin~ down the b The. jeep ne~t entered a long The whole earth around the collars of the raincoats in which ;,d m th e ~rail toward the right. Japanese position seemed to go up because they had no Am:ri:~ear~y~~;~;~~~~ith the in the ' air. Furthermore, the cots were made .More will be heard about Hug. Road Blasted Out. from uneven tree limbs and jungle gms wh_ei; ~he war is over and the t'There goes my corduroy road, growth, which was not helpful to 32_nd d1vis1on goes home to the d-n it," says an officer of the getting a night's sleep, and most midwestern states. Huggins was engineers. "Now when the Japs of the men spent the night looking blast~d out of a thick jungle by are finally blasted out of there we out into the tropic downpour at gunfire ~nd gets its name from. a got to wade around in tbere and luminous toadstools on hummocks staff officer who took over com- rebuild the whole thing." ~ a:nd listening to the quinine J)lay ma?d of a company when its own The boy from Montana still stood tunes in their ears. officers were killed. in the road, his arm falling regu· Up Without Regret. No Qovering. larly every 30 seconds. I began to A good part of. the night those And this was the American base wonder how many ..Japanese lives men wondered why three nations for .. the final surge to clean out come to a sudden end every time . wanted thls hot, drowned country the Japanese from Papua. he swung that gI'€en helmet downbadly enough to fight for it. yve f~lt sorry for ourselves last wa rd · So they were up without regret ni_ght m _that 10-inch cloudburst But I didn't feel sorry for the · and off to the front six or seven with nothmg but a leaky tent over Japanese after I looked across the miles down the Kokoda-Sanananda us, but we don't mind any more. road and saw an American cemeI trail in jeeps. '!hese boys we~t through the night tery started a few days ago and This is the trail over which the m open or 1n half-shelters or still being .filled. The crosses are triumphant Japanese marched to thatches or anything they could made out of box wood from muniand qcross the Owen Stanley crawl behind or under. And here tion cases, and there are families mountains only five short months !hey are by the .hundreds, wearing back home on the other side of the ago in a drive to capture Port Jungle green uniforms. world who do not even know that MQresby and get set for the invaAfter reaching Huggins I took a their boys already have been sision of Australia. Last month they stroll up t~e road with Frank ~~n~~;.o~~r~~a~nto the black earth marched back down the trail again Hewlett, United Press . correspondtoward the sea with Americans ent, who went_ through the siege Suddenly I noticed a strange sland Australians in vigorous pursuit. of Bataan and IS one of th_e.youth- lence. The Japanese machine gun· At Sanananda on the sea the ful veterans among Pacific war fire had stopped. Japanese were defeated and now correspondents. s~J~f!~try forward," an officer remained only in the defensive ~uddenly a sentry yelled: . perimeter at Huggins and one Hey, where are you guys gomg? Another officer mumbled to Gen. other. The Sanananda trail shows O~er ~? the ?aps?" Vasey, "I've told them to look out on the map as "MR"-motor road . No, . rephed Hewlett. ••we're for tricks, general. Yesterday -but actually it is just barely J~~t trymg t~ get up t? ~~e front." when our boys moved in on a hos• passable in a jeep and goes through tr Wsenlal, yeodu ve found it, the sen- pital dugout to see if any Jap surswamp1and all the way. Most of it Y PP • vivers needed treatment, they is of corduroy constru'ction. Bu1'It Mortars Open Up. found the place apparently filled j only with dead. But one Jap with with round logs laid crosswise and The mortars st.arted firing an.d a hidden machine gun raised himbound together. we started back.• The Japanese re- self from among the corpses and ~o Saluting. plie·d ·With machine-gun fire and! let them have it headon. The other For the first half hour on the suddenly felt real enthusiasm for Japs had been dead for days and way to the front we overtook following the sentry's suggestion. th e st ench was so terrific that the many marching men. There was Several thoughts crossed my mind. . ~idden machine gunner was wear• no saluting, no attempt at the· I wished I had been issued the mg an inhalator.'' military formalities. In one bog proper size steel helmet that Ends Quickly. a signal corps man was waist wouldn't wabble as I lopped along. A :field telephone rang. deep in stinking mud splicing a We watched as the shells left the "No opposition, no enemy :fire" telephone wire. muzzles, then saw from the jungle t?e message said. "Forward pos'i"~ello there, sir," shouted the a quarter mile ahead a great cloud tion. now reports infantry is traofficer \~ith us. "Are you keeping of branches, water and mud leap versmg the perimeter." your chm above water?" up 100 feet or more in the air Min~tes later Lieut. Gen. Robert ''Yes sir-just." the man replied I closely followed by a terrili~ L. Eichelberger, who commands grj.nning. 1"whoomp." the. allied advanced forces in New Late~ we passed a tank that had An Australian plane circled over Gumea, announced: uwe have just 1:>een ditched and was almost block- the target radioing the range and heard from ~uggins that the peri-• I~g the road. Ahead were other the results of the firing to the meter has been exterminated. Alditched tanks. mortar crews. . ready 475 Japanese bodies have By the roadside were a wrecked The mortar fire continued for a been recovered. I doubt if ~ver beJapanese command car, smashed half hour and then suddenly fore American troops have fought truck_s and a jumble of Japanese ~eased. Then it was the Austral- so b~~veJy and under such handi• clothmg, helmets and war ma.. ians' turn at bat and they did their caps. terials. And suddenly the jungle stuff with artillery. It's all over. The last Jap pocket ended. The trees and the growth "Excellent marksmanship" said in ~apua has been wiped out. And have been· blasted right down to the pilot overhead. "All sh~lls are :.,gam one. s~arts thinking of the t~~ :hel.1-cratered ground. landing inside the perimeter." /~~~eclb ridmg 0 n. bouncing jeeps, 0 v\ e finally ran the little devils "We'll Show 'Em,, t oys walkmg along with out of here this week " said Ma· · emporary patches on their faces Gen. G. A. Vasey, who was witt "We'll teach those mo~eys to and their eyes glazed with fever, try and hold the only high, dry and of the box wood crosses in the sandy spot In the whole d-d cemetery up toward Huggins swamp and make· us sleep in the muck," a soldier yells. "The Aussies will get a ha}f hour at 'em and then watch what WP.'ve got for them." I f 0 I ir::k:I:.pt One Son Is Slain, Another Hurt in New Guinea Action l ~.-. .\.4 ~ Corp. Robert Vorenkamp, 26, son of Mr. and Mrs. Albert Vorenkamp Of 561 Shamrock-st., S. _W., was killed in action in New Gmnea I I I I j -------=-=---· CORP. ROBERT VORE?o.'KAMP, Nov. 26, the partents were notified by the war department Tuesday night. The parents received word Dec. 13, 1942, of the wounding in action of another son, Donald, 23, a cor~ poral technician, now reported recovering in a base hospital. Corp. Vorenkamp, graduate of South High in 1935, was inducted April 20, 1941. He was a member of Grace Reformed church. He was employed as a clerk in the Pere Marquette yard office before entering the aimy. Besides the parents and tne brother Donald, he leaves another brother, Arthur, at home. He was engaged to be married to Miss M11xine Snyder, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. P. F. Snyder, 138 Straight-av., N. w., it was said by his brother here. I .., �SATURDAY, JANUARY 23, 1943 PAPUAWOM BACK FROM JAPS Japs' Papuan Army Crushed Grimd Rapids Men Take Heroic Roles \ ln Jun§le Fighting 1 • 'Ii Grand Jfa ids len played an \ hqoic role in three weeks ?f ' TRANSPORT EXPLODES An 8,000-ton transport was seen to explode after two direct hits set it afire, while a 4,000-ton vesJapanese. It consists of about sel with a lighter tied alongside 90,000 square mlles and has a sank within 14 minutes after it was population of about 300,000. hit. Another 8,000-ton ship was Enemy's Resistance iµostly dark-skinned natives. 1 shaken by a sel'ies of explosions Ended; 4 Nippon Ships after three direct hits set it afire. Once again all the Allied planes Are Sunk at Rabaul I carried out a daring pre-dawn return€d safely. ! raid to destroy the four enemy The destructive blow to Japa• By LEE VAN ATTA ships in the harbor. nese shipping in the New Britain UNITED NATIONS HEAD- MOPPING UP theater was announced in on offi; cial statement that said all or·- , QUARTERS IN AUSTRAL I A, sr:a~:;~~. ~~!~~:~as1~:~: (Saturday (INS)-All Japanese re- ican and Australian ground troops ' ganized Japanese resistance in the Sanananda area of New Guinea sistance in Papuan New Guinea continued mopping-up operations had been crushed by Allied jungle has be.en crushed, it was an- after crushing the last organized fighters at heavy cost to the enresistance. Another 75 dead ,Tap- emy. 0 "At Sanananda," the c;ommunig ~:fr:yat:td~~~~~!:tb7: que said, "all organized enemy Jap base at Rabaul, New Britain, resistance has been overcome. in which four ships totalling 24.000 :~~~ ~~~!~;' 0~h:~e:;r:o~!r:i:t~ii Mopping up operations ~re progressing. Seven hundred and seventons ~er~ sent to. the bo~tom. , to be counted and buried. i Contmmng t_he. air offen~1ve• that A ~onsiderahle quantity f)f en- 1 ty-five Japanese dead have been found in addition to those prehas blasted shipping and a1rdromes em supplies was seized as the in the Rabaul area almost daily, ATJfE:s moved thi·ough the Sana- viously reported, with many more yet to be counted, A considerable Gen. Douglas MacArthur's airmen n,.,µ.da Point and Sanananda vilquantity of enemy material and Ja&e area, six miles north of the equipmen,t has been captured, inAllied-held Buna-Gona s e ct o r. cluding field guns, trucks and amBooty ·included field guns, trucks munition. and ammunition. Thursday's Rabaul raid was made by heavy bombers that swooped over the harbor at daringly low level. Direct hits were scored on a 4,000-ton cargo vessel and the ship split in two, sinking ::;1~:f fi~ting on tho Sanananda road m New Guinea, according to current . dispatches, i Aim of a local group on a spe- With the Allied victory over the Japs on the Papuan peninsula that territory became the first complete geographical unit to be won back from the ri!~ 1 . \--~-'""" l fo;;-m~es after the first bomb l hit the deck. By ASSOCIATED PRESS l ciaL,mission was to cut the 10-fo_ot- a wicte road the Japanese were usmg P, to supply their front lines. . § Capt. Alfred Medendorp _of th1~ ! city is mentioned as havmg led i i i I [£e:]ft1~t:i:":~~:~::~~rr:~; 1· Allied Losses in New Guinea Onl Half T hose of Ja panese y \• CAPT. ALFRIJD MEDENDORP. :he "Wairopi patrol'' tH.rough. the "Il.ountains. Twenty-six were killed Jefore the patrol reached northern ?apua, dispatch rel8:tes. Other Grand Rapids men !l1entioned were Capt. Dou4las Shirley, whose death recently was reported by the war department, ~nd Sgt, John Mikita. Two compames ilo:'n over the Owen Stanley mountams established an advanced comm.and post so far behind the Jap lm:s it was parallel with ene1:1y artillery positions about a n:117 away in a straight line. Sgt. M1k1ta was leader of a "point" of three or four men sent out from the com• mand post to break the road an_d which established and held a position which was the scene of re• peated battles through the threeweek period. 1 !l t' - '1-\esults with lower expenditure of <BY Umtcd Press.) life and resources." Gen. Douglas MacArthur . an- The communique also reported nounced Thursday that Amencan Finschafen, Lae and ~he ~-~laand Australian ground losses in maua areas of the N ifw. Gum~! victorious Papua campaign coast were attacked aga.m. rrlathe "less than half" those of the mile-long isthmus on wt1cp dSand ;ere se and that probably no maua is located was s ra e a ffi:;e offensive drive in history tires were started. 0 duced such "complete and deDestroy Jap Bulldings. ~fs~ve" results with a lower exAttack planes bombed and strafe!1 penditure of Hfe and resou!'ces. Japanese positions near the (?arriAllied casualties totaled no more son hill area of the Mubo village than 7,000 men, if that many, sector, 12 miles south of Salamaua. observers estimated. Several buildings were de~troyed MacArthur's communique went and one heavy machine-gu!l nest on to say that allied losses reversed was silenced. Long-r~u_-ige fighters the usual results of a ground. of- strafed hostile locahttes on the fensive campaign, espe~ially Waria river near Salamaua. 1 against prepared positions defended The airdrome at Gasma~a _on the to the last, in that tqe losses 0 ~ the south coast of New _Britam, reattacker "usually are several times ceiveu its daily poundmg from an those of the defender." allied heavy bomber. Didn't Rush Atta.ck. Medium bombers . al5? attacked It said that two fac~ors con- ar;yRbo~!:fs i~n~~:t~~ ai~!!~~ tributed to those res~lt.s. y to at- !~out 400 miles north of Darwin. "lk. T:ere wa~h~o ti~~r element In the Arce islands, some 175 11:Hes ~:,c ~his e~!~ese was of little impor- east of the Kah~ grgo;f~e:edi:~ • bOf\lbers mac met~;ce.For this reason no attempt bombed unidentified Japanese su;; was· made to rush positions by mass face. craft ;.t a /~c~b ~re lugg and unprepared assaul~r . J:~e ci~: rcdft~e:setfs1ani in th; gulf of most ~are was tak;n f ·u the Carpentaria on the northern coast servaUon of our orces wi 1 . . Australia a small allied mer~esul~ that pro~abiy notl~i~~:~1; ~~ant vessel'was bombed and sunk! . m history agams a ro - by Japanese planes. The bul- \ > trained and preplatred adrmd~cliive letin said casualties were light. duced such comp e e an �Form of Campaign Proves Success Airpower Points Way to Ultimate Defeat of Japs, Says MacArthur ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN a "dilatory and costly isl.and-to- provided all-around reconnaissance. AUSTRALIA (JP) - Gen. Douglas island advance," he predicted. protected the coast from hostile M cArthur, Allied commander-in- TEXT OF COMMENT naval intervention and blasted the chief in the southwest Pacific, said Sunday that in his forces' hardfoul')lt but winning bl!ttle for Papua ''a new form of campaign was tested which points the way to the ultimate defeat of the enemy in the Pacific." ge~:!:1 ne:a_i:,et~~fm:rri~arf:-!~1~~: "the continuous, calculated application of air power." remarked particularly that in the northeastern New Guinea fighting the Allies' airi arm had been found effective and important not only as an offensive-defensive weapon but as an instrument of troop transport and supply. "Our air forces and ground forces were welded together in Papua, and when in sufficient strength with proper naval support. their indissoluble union points the way to victory th.rough new and broadened 1 strategic and tactical conceptlons," MacArthur said in writ-t.en comment on the action now concluded. Close co-ordination between air and land units will permit "swift, massive strokes" against the enemy and preclude the necessity for He I Tha text of MacArthur's written comment: "Tho destruction o:" r'1mnants of the enemy forces in the Sanananda ai·~a con clutles .. th e Pap1:an cam~~1!7ta~h~~~~rl~o%::~~:~u:h:::~ timated 15,000 Japanese troops in Papua) has been annihilated. .,The outstanding military lesson of this campaign was the continuous, calculated application of air power inberent in the potentialities of every component of the air forces employed in tbe moS t intimate tactical ao d logiStical union wi th grouo d troops. "The effect of th1 s modern inst rumentality was sharply accentuated by th P. geographical limitations of ~his th eater. "!3'0 r mon th s on end, an· transport with constant fighter coverage moved complete infantry regiments and artillery battalions across the almost impe11etrable mountains and jungles of Papua and the reaches of the sea, transported field hospitals and other base installations to the front, supplied the troops and evacuated casualties. HFor hundreds ot miles bombers I way for the infantry as it drove forward. "A new form of campaign was tested which points the way to the 1 ultimate defeat of the enemy in the Pacific. "The , offensive and defensive power of the air and the adaptability, range and capacity of its transport in an effective combination with ground forces represent tactical and strategical element'S of a broadened conception of warfare I that will permit the application of offensive power in swift, massive strokes rather than the di1"1.tory I and costly island-to-island advance that so· ·1e have assumed to be neeessary in • lheatl".t' wP~re the enemy's farflung stronghold's are dispersed throughout a vast expanse o! archipelagos.'' - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - -- - - I G. R,. Men Killed in New Guinea Corp. Robert E. "\"brenkamp, left, of 581 Shamrock st., SW., and Staff Sergt. Louis Burnett, Jr., of Sparta, whose parents received notice Tuesday that their sons had been killed in action against the Japanese in New Guinea, both on Nov. 26. Southwest Pacific Fight Claims More Local Soldiers Three more Grancl Rapids soldiers who J1ave given their lives for their country in the south Pacific are STAFF SGT. JOSEPH KRAMARZ, 26, left, of 413 Cass-av., S. E.; P.l!'C. GERALD M. HOSMAN, 21, cen• ter, of 3'17 Scribner-&,',• \V., and SGT. NORl\lAN L. S\VANSON, 21, of 3852 Di'Vision-rd,, S. Relatives were nolllled late Sunday of the death,, 1:'• �Cuinea Japs on-·R~ ~nj· Pursuit Nears come in for pounding too. its SUNDAY, JANUARY 31, 1943 Sidekicks of First War Again Together 32nd, 41 sf Divisions in Thick of Jap Fighting Between March 6 and April 6, 1917, all of the privates and captains of the 128th infantry were transferred to the regular army Recent citation by by Gen. Doug- first division as replacements for las MacArthur of troops fighting in casualties. Through the efforts of New Guinea and his special men- Maj. Gen. Haan of the 32nd, who tion of the S2nd (Red Arrow) and had concentrl:ted . a~l. his attention t d' . • on making hts d1v1s10n a combat 1 ~ec!us t~vi:~~~ organi~ation, the troop~ were finalthe fact that ly ~gam concentrated m the tenth these two divi- traming area near Longes for comi o n s also bat duty. :ought side by After a month of training the side in World division was ordered into a trench war I area near Belfort, but in order The· 41st di- again to complement the 128th invision arrived fantry to its full strength, some in France bJ- men had to be transferred from the fore the 32nd three remaining regiments, the and was in 125th, 126th and 127. Every fourth tra inin<>' there man on the payrolls of these three when 'the 32nd regiments, w\thout any deviations COL. HAZE a rrived. At fli•st for favoritism, was ordered tra?-sthe 32nd was considered a replace- ferr ed to the 128th ~nfantry, which ment division and during the early left t~e other regiments equally days of their oversea s service, the short in numbers. . various regiments were on duty in Jn order to fill t h e ranks of these all sections •of France. The 126th regiments, replac4j1:ments were reinfantry did warehouse duty at St. ceived from the 31st division, which Nazaire, where recent raids of the comprised national guard troops Commandos and American air from Washington, Oregon and forces were directed against nub- Idaho. They were welcomed into marine bases. the 32nd and found to be men of high caliber and excellent training. As veterans of the 32nd will remember, they seemed to "flt in" well and went all the rest of the way with the 32nd, through ensu~n.g campaigns, the army of occupation and the journey home. It is an interesting coincidence that these divisions are again fighting together in New Gui?-ea and doing as good a jo~ as their predecessors did in the first World war. \ By COL. \VILLIAM HAZE (Former Commander, 126th Infantry) share of this HIT JAP Sllll'S WASHINGTON UP) - American troops continuing their war of extermination against the Japanese on Guadalcanal island captured a large enemy command post k Wednesday, the navy announced Friday. while warplanes struck Menaced; Five Enemy heavily at Japanese ships and base installations in the central SoloShips Knocked Out mans. ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN A navy communique gave these AUSTRALIA (Saturday) 1UP)-Gen. results of operations Wednesday Douglas MacAdhul"s forces are \ and Thursday; pursuing strong Japanese patrols Two Japanese destroyers, two 1 towatd Salamaua. 140 miles north- c argo sh ips and a tanker were west of Buna Jn New Guinea. aft- damaged by American bombing ater repulsing an attack west of tack. One of the cargo ships p rob-Mubo, an AUied headquarters com- ably sank. . 1 munique announced today. Thirty-six Japanese were . killed At the same time an official and three captured when the c.o m- 1 announcement said t hat the m and post was taken. Two ~d4.t death of Lieut. Gen. Tomatorl tional pockets offering resistance Horii, wh o commanded t h e were wiped out. A large amount Japanese army of 15,000 m en of enemy equipment fell into which was practlcall'y extermiAmerican hands. nated In months of fighting In AIR SCORE, 16 TO 4 the Buna area~ h a d been conTen enemy Zero fighters were fir med by captured documents shot down with a loss . of four and prisoners. • United States planes. SJJC. other The communique announcing Jap planet1 were probably dethat, New Guinea warfare was now strayed, being transferred aggressively by . Enemy . installations on Kolomthe Australians and Americans to bangara island were bombed by1 the Salamaua area said the Jap- army medium bombers wh ich i anese patrols attacked the Allied started a large fire at the Jap positions west of Mubo, 12 mile.fl \base. south of Salamaua, but w er'f, r<."-" The 36 J apanese killed at the pulsed command post raised to 715 t h e · n umber of enemy troops report ed SURPRISE RAID slain in Guadalcanal fighting in The outpost was the scene of a the last 10 days. In addition 48 surprise raid by Allied forces in have been reported captured. Thus which more than 100 J apan ese about one-fffth of the enemy troops were killed and an enemy head- estimated to 1,mve been on the quarters and a radio station de- island 10 days ago has been put strayed during & recent th1·ee-day out of action. action. Japanese plane and ship losses Salamaua is only about 20 miles in the Solomons to date, as comsoutheast of Lae, the most import- piled from navy communiques, ant Japanese base in all New stand at 791 planes destroyed in Guinea. Lae has been the target combat and 57 ships sunk, seven in some of . the heaviest Allied probably sunk and 98 damaged. aerial assaults of the southwestern Pacific war, and Salamaua has , 1S~!~~:.~~. l I I I Where's- Hitler? j 'At Front' Story ls Not Believed,, i :1.-.l._·'/-.'.3(INS) - Considerable \ LONDON speculation has arisen in Germany over the whereabouts and health 1 of Adolf Hitler, Reuter's News agency reported Monday night in a dispatch from the German. frontier. The absence of the Nazi chief from thP. anniversary celebration of his party set off the wave of ru~ mo:r'S, Reuter's reported. The announcement that Hitler is at the Russian ft'ont is not generally believed, the dispatch added. 1 I W est Michigan's Glorious 'Lost Company'\\ \ •,u 4 '.J S pecial Co rrespondent Tells How Our_ Soldiers Fou ght Desperate Thr4 1 Week Battle to Maintain Jungle Pocket on Sanananda Road 1 (By Geor~e Weller.) in the jungle remained, but p ably were hammered into m death later. The American response to t Jap attacks was to send out P3:.~~ for harassing purposes. Lieut. \l\'j ter Ellis of Houston, Tex., mt aged to keep his spirits alert plans for,. new aggressive patroh. The Japs' response to the patr1 was to put their mountain gun, addition to mortars, on Huggins. If a man lived past the regul; Jap morning shelling at 5:30, l was certain of life - except f1 mortars and snipers-until the o'clock evening shelling. Sick Japs T urned Out. The Japs were continually war dering into the American perimet1; that stretched in a series of fo. holes at the jungle's edge for 35 yards along the road. Some we" (S1)ecial Rad io to t he Chicago Dally News Foreign 'S ervice.) (Copyr irht, 1943, ChJcago Dally News, tne,) CHAPTER V. With Advanced American Troops at Sanananda - (Delayed) -The American "lost company" at the road-block named Huggins, in the Jap rear on the Saputa-Sanananda highway, drew four full-scale Jap counter - attacks. Two occurred While Capt. John Shirley of Grand Rapids was in command and two more while Capt. M. M. Huggins of Salem, Ore., headed the snipersurrounded garrison. The Japs attacked successively from the northwest (beachhead) direction; from the southwest, that is, from their threatened frontline; from the northeast, or Buna direction, and finally from directly down the road. Usually the Jap attacking force was divided into squads of 10 to 12 men, trying to find a loophole in the American rectangle of machinegun flanked portholes. Foe Builds More Pillboxes. When these attacks all failed to pierce the little American Tobruk within the Jap lines, the Japs began trying to make Hu ggins use1less by building more pillboxes on both sides above and below on the road. It js these pillboxes which the writer has seen bombarded day after day with mortar fire. One, w!\ ~~:i~~:~~I;~~ :~~~~~dB~f~W ~% MAJ. BERT ZEEFF. Another Grand Rapids soldier mentioned in today's description of the lighting in N cw Guinea. taken in the afternoon at the left• !,and side of the road, above Huggins; revealed 150 Jap bodies. '.I'hree other such Ja strong oints men seemed_ to be afflicted w~· dysen tery or malaria and t urn° out as beyond recovery. Behh them were many well-fed Jal plentifully supplied with ammunn tion. •.t Volunteer patrols, led by me1 like Norman H. Schaefer of Be midji, Minn., often ran into tre~ snipers. Frequent rains held the Americans to their water-filled foxholes. Once Peter Dal ponte had a whole party pinned down en route to Huggins with food and ammuni• tion. The "point," or the leading .<Continued on pa e 2.) ove-1(----.-- �~ y 6 r- the- ueve1op-ments, but with the series of events there could be no doubt that the CAMP BORDEN, Ont. UP)- Cadirector of nadian armored warfare experts NORFOLK, Va. ClP)-Col. Charles far eastern situation had at last B. Borland, Norfolk :one~! exploded, that the United Sta~es public safety, immediately oi·dered ar~ putting the newest and biggest WASHINGTON (INS) The wa~ at -;:a,r~nautlinlba~;~ t.he _arres~ of all J_apanese nation- of Canadian-produced tanks through navy swu:1g into he battle with whlC'h. eg t t· P ld als m this strategic naval center paces at this military camp, and Japan, with all uns ready and &preadmg over he en ire war · Sunday as soon as he learned of Kichisaburo Nomura, the Jap- the Japanese attacks on the United anese ambassador, and Saburo States Pacific bases. Kurusu, the special Japanese enBorland said his orders were isvoy, wer.e a.t the state ~epartme~t sued to Chief of Police John. F. at the time of the White Houses Woods and every available officer announcement of the attacks. was J)ressed into roundup work. The two Japanese went to see The number of Japanese here is Secretary of State Hull at 1:35 P- not large. 20 nd m: (EST) a remained about ~?ods at once informed police :minutes. officials of Portsmouth, where the HULL CHARGES FALSEHOODS great Norfolk navy yard is located; After their departure, the state Newport ~ew.s, :where the Newport department announced that Hull News ShtJ?bUil~m?" an~ Dry_ Dock ha.d informed the Japanese that a com'?any is d b~!dmg m~e a1rcraf! document P.re~nted by them was ~~~:~er!e:r~y cit~== i:u~~:rs~c~~n "crowded with mfamous falsehoods Norfolk had taken He suggested and distortions." . . . . The department's statement said th ey take similar action. that Hull ,had read the Japanese O reply and "immediately turned to the Japanese _ambassador az:id with the grettest indignation said: • ~''I must say that in all my converaations with you (the Japan?se ambassador) during the last nme MEXICO CITY UP) - A charge months r have never uttered one that the captains and crews of 10 word of untruth. This is borne out Axis vessels seized by the MexicaIJ. absolutely by the record. . government at Tampico last April 11 'In all my 50 years of pubhc ha~ plo_tted to destroy not 01;1Iy •ervice I have never .seen a do?u- th_eir ships but the port .of 'l'am~ico ment that was more crow.ded ~1th as .well was made by Vice Admiral infamous falsehoods and distor.tions Lms Hurta~o de Mendoza. -infamous falsehoods and d1storIn ~ pubhsh~d statement, Hurtations on a scale so huge that I ?,o ~a.id the seizure ..was an act of never imagined until to.day that legitimate defense.. any government on this P!,anet .He as.serted the ship~ were load_ed was capable of uttering them. with highly combusb~le material At Berlin, a German spokesman a nd a plot had been. discovered. to -"'.'". blB.red Sunday night there could set th em_ on fire, wi th th e obJect be no reaction from Germany to of spreadmg th e flames to t?e whole the announced Japanese air. attack port where much gasolme was on Pearl Harbor until all sides of st0 red. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the case were at hand. D • L d "We cannot comment," the y.nam1te- a en Barge spokesman said, "until full and ex- Burns Near Alaska Base act details of the Japanese as well • . as the American statements are STIKA, Alaska i(lp)-~ dynamiteavailable.'' laden barge caught fire m the chanAn NBC broadcast from Honolu- nel between here and the Sitka ~ir ]u said the Japanese attack had in- b~se Saturday and a ne:3-rby native flicted untold damage on the U. S. village. was. evacuated m fear the naval base at Pearl Harbor and on dynamite might explode before the the city itself. . blaze ~ould be subdued. The NBC observer, standing on --.-. ~he roof of the ~dvertiser building ba!:eatos~tX::-U:~~l~~s!~\;~v:la:~ th e planes, U?- district headquarters at Seattle it m Honolulu, said doubtedly Japan.ese, made th e raid was feared the barge would be a unexpectedly. His report was sud• total loss. AU hands were safe. The denly bro~en _off, . . presence of 25 cases of dynamite Befor~ . its mterruptlon, hts re- aboard prevented effectual fire port said. fighting thi "We have witnessed s morn-liii~-~i!!iemiliii ing the attack of Pearl Harbor and a severe bombing of Pearl Harbor by army planes, undoubtedly Japanese. "The city of Honolulu has also been attacked and considerable damage done. lt'lbll..-JT waves Of Planes swoop 1n Attack on HonoIuIu • ReveaIed 1n Mex1co HEADS YACHT GROUP TOLEDO, O. UP) - Ho:"ard A. Finch of the Crescent Sall Yacht club, Detroit, was elected commodore of the Inter Lake Yachting association Saturday. Harry C. Kendall of the Detroit Yacht club v..·as named secretary-treasurer. Da.tea for the 1942 ILYC regatta will be Aug. 10-14, MILITARISTS DESPERATE There was a. ,disposition in some quarters here to wonder whether the a.tta.cks had not been ordered by the Japanese military authorities because they feared the President's direct negotiations with the emperor might lead to an about-face in Japanese policy and the consequent loss of face by the present rnling factions in Ja.pa.n. A little later, the White House reported that and army transport loaded with lumber ha.d been torpedoed 1,300 miles west of San Francisco. This is well east of Hawaii. The first announcement did not say whether the ship was sunk or whether there was loss of life. FAR EAST EXPLODES No official used the word war in reporting any of the develop.. ments, but with the se~1es ~f events there could be no doubt th~t the Far Eastern situation had at last ~xplod~d, that t~e Umted States was at war, and that the conflict which began 1n Europe was spreading over the entire world. LittM information was immediately availl;\ble regarding the strength of the Japanese air attacks. • 1 "d h 1 .._ Dispatches from }!ono_ ulu sai '. owev~r,. th~t at east. ~,vo Japanese bombers, their wings bearing the 1ns1gma of the R1s1ng Sun, appeared over Honolulu at about 7 :30 A. M. (Honolulu time) and dropped bombs. backed by a decl ration of Secreta1·y Frank Knox that the fleet is equal to ·any na, afloat. Japan's surpris blows found the 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - navy dep.artme t's plans f,ully made. While th :1avy s operations and maneuvers m the . strugg~e now under way naval officers said the strate?Y has. all been· worked , out for th !~ contmgency. . ta- • It was every man at his s tion" ~t the n~vy depart~ent Sund~!s n~!:t, ot;~~h ~::.i:ra;~:~iio~~ ¥un blast H O N O LULU UP) _ Japanese the attackers came over. Several Latest ·publicly-disclosed figures bombs killed at least seven persons enemy craft chased him, but he on the strength of the navy showed nd i jured many others three got away safely. . that it has 311,861 enlisted men, a . n . . ' . Most of the attackers flew high, including reserves. In addition to seriously, m a surprise :morning but a few came low. Five came these were 64 ,053 marines. Forces aerial attack on Honolulu Sunday. down to under a hundred feet elein Hawaii and the Philippines Army officials announced that vation to attack Pearl Harbor. An have been increased in recent two Japanese planes had been shot oil tank there was seen blazing and weeks, although the numbers are down in the Hon~lulu a-:ea. . _ smoking. Others apparently headed a naval secret. , The dead, not 1mmediately ~den directly for Hickam field to drop At present the navy has 344 bfled, included three Caucasians, bombs. STILL IN PROGRESS . [the P1·esident directed the army combatan,t .ships -. battleships, air- two Jn.panes? and a 10-year-old Spectators said they saw the Dispatches from Hano.lulu, sai_d a and navy to execute all previously plane ca+rrnrs, crmsers, destr&yers Portuguese girl. . Japanese rising sun emblem on the naval engagement was m progicss prepared orders lookin to the deYouth Held for Kdhng and submarines. In addition, there . Sevei·al fires were st~rted i~ th e low-flying planes. off Honolulu, with .at ~east ~ne fense of the United Stat~s. The PresS p • are hundreds of auxiliaries, mine city area, but all were immediately Japanese Consul General Sajao enemy aircraft earner m action ident 1·s n ith th s cretaries of tate O1iceman craft, supply ships and patrol ves- controlled. . _ Kita said he believed the bombing against Pearl Harbor defenses. nav · ando~v:i·. s:ep: are being 0 MIAMI, Fla. UP) - Less than 24 ~els. T~e gra~d total of ~8:va~ craft ~ov. Jos:ph 1;:cext::f::;e was "by Unit~~ States army planes The army's order affected not tak{n to advise the congressional hours ~fter a state road patrolman 1s 942, mcludmg the aux1haries. claime~es~~:'ediate/ in ~ffect. He on maneuver. only the thous3:nds of officers on lec.ders." wa~ killed south of here Sunday, :eaosi~~ed Eduard D~ty in charge STILL DOUBTS duty in washmgton, . who ~ave of~1cers 8:rrested a ~an who they o¥~he major disaster council. When told there were dead and thus far performed t1Ien·. func;1o_n.s said admitted the crime. wounded as the result of the at- in civilian clothes to avoid a • mihAssistant State Attorney .Joseph M-DAY CONTROL . tack, Kito still expressed doubt taristic" appearance, but all offiOtto said a 22-year-old youth The ~-~~y pr?~lamabon estab- that they were caused by .Japa- cers in every corps area, the United booked both as L. E. Humber and hshed civillan-m1htary control of nese planes. States' possessions and outlying as Byrd! Hudgins told of shooting traffic and r?ads, and pe~mits the Unconfirmed reports said the at- bases. Patrolman L. P. Danil!ls because he PHILADELPHIA (lP)-Directors governor to issue food ratum regu- tackers came from two carriers. Washington was expected to blos"always gets nervous when I see of the American Medical Women's lati~ns. . United States destroyers were som Monday as a city of uniforms, policemen.'' association sent resolutions to PresFirst reports said 10 or more per- seen steaming full speed from because huge numbers pf officers DANVILLE, Ill. (}Pl-Ren FritThe man was booked for investi- ident Roosevelt asking that women sons were injured when enemy Pearl Harbor, and spectators' re- have been pouring into the city man, who had spent a lifetime th gation while officers questioned doctors be admitted to the army planes sprayed bullets on e ports of seeing shell splashes in for months to perform the army's seeking his true identity died Sathim. A warrant issued earlier at and reserve corps on the ~ame streets of Wahiawa,. a town of the ocean indicated there had been "overhead" functions. . • Homestead, Fla., charged Louis basis as men. ar.ound 3,000 population, about 20 an engagement between United Early said that so far as the urday at the estimate~ age of 97. Elmer Humber, Jr., with murder. Although the army does not _spe- miles_ northwes~ 0 ~ Honolulu. . States and Japanese ships. President's information went atHe became lost durmg a parade ------cifically ban women doctors, llie This repor~ indicated. th e aerial One of the bombs that started tacks were still in progress at in New York in 1852 and never saw navy does, and there are no women attack was aimed at pomts on the Honolulu fl.res ~ell near Governor Manila and in Hawaii, In other his parents again. The name he members of either reserve direc- Island of Oahu other than Hono- Poindexter's residence, but he was ords he said "we don't know that . . tors pointed out at a meeti~g here. lulu and the heavily fortified Pearl not injured. ~e japanese' have bombed and bore was given him by a New York The resolutions request that Harbor naval base. Fire Chief Wallace Blaisdell re- left." orphanage. women physicians be taken into The attack ended at abo1.1t 9:25 ported the fires were . under conHe went on to say: Fritman fought. in the Civil war the army_ reserve "upon the ~ame a. m., ~2:55 P. M. EST) lash~g ~or trol, because of a radio call that "As soon as the information of and then came west to Indiana. SOMERVILLE, N. J. (INS)-A terms as ot.h:r members" and "with approximately an hour and fa mm- b~ought an. fh;~me.n to duty. The the attacks on Manila and Hawaii" where for 25 Years he taught flies, he sa11,d, we1e not as bad as was received by the war and navy . .. · . 24 _ ear-old New Jerse father was all the pr1v-il;ges accorded there- utes. ac!used Saturday niJt of stran- to" and that 'all p1:?per and ne:!cs- COUNTED 50 PLANES I expected. Idepartments it was flashed im~e- 1schoo~ m Canoll and Tippecanoe 5 gling to death his 4½-months-old s8:~~ steps be taken to make th em Witnesses said they counted at CITIZENS WOUNDED . ditely to the President 3:t the "\Yhtte 0-,o-::_u-::_n-::_t_,_•-::_ •-::_-::_-::_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:.,daughter because the child's whim- ehgibl.e for th e navy res~:ve. least 50 planes in the initial attack, Some streets were pocked with House. Thereupon and immediately pers annoyed him as he was lis• ?opies ;ent to mihta.ry of- which the army said started at big holes, and several citizens were tening to a radio program. flcials an • · SUrgeon general. 8:10 a. m. (1:40 p. m. EST). • wounded by b~mb fragments. The father, Niles Post of B~ad- s· K·n d Wh A t The attack seemed to center Fal'l'i1;gton high ~chool was conI e ley Gardens, N. J., was held w1thIX en U O against Hickam field huge army verted into a hospital to care for out bail for action by the grand Is Struck by Train airport, and Pearl Harbor, where the wounded and injured. . jury on a murder charge. the islands' heaviest naval fortiflcaWhen the attack started, radio Police said Post's wife had gone VANCEBU1'.tG, Ky, 1.lP>;-Six pe-:- tions are located. calls ordered all sailors, marines to a movie, leaving him to care sons, all relatives, were killed whr.-n Wave after wave of bombers and soldiel"S to report instantly to for their only child. a ?hesapeake 8:nd Ohio_ passengc: streamed through the cloudy sky their posts. SHANGHAI (Monday) (INS) DEC. 7 The father who denied stran• tram smashed mto their automo- from the southwest shattering the Soon, the sky was filled with puffs . th . ht City gling his da~ghter said the baby bile a mile west of here late Satur. g calm ' of smoke showing anti-aircraft bat- Japanese forces durmg e mg Thirty-two traffic d eat h I became "ill" and fhat he rfn up day. . m~e:X:aps the· first to die was Bob teries were stabbing for the high- attacked the British naval gunboat since Jan. 1. to the second floor of th twoCoroner H. M. Bertram 1dentiOed T c owner of civilian airport flying bombers. Petrel in Shanghai harbor and the family house to summon ]r:r. and the dead as Merle Smith, 50, a n:a e, Honolulu w:o had started to United States planes took to the vessel burned to her waterline to-One day without a death. Mrs. Lovell Garde1:as. . fa_rmer; ~ancy Kate Pell, 54; Ar- spi: the prop;ller of a plane when air, an~ spectators on hills back da . 1940 record: Twenty- three They took the child to t office thur Smith, 35, a tenant on t.hc th One plane of the city could see dogfights over Y deaths to Dec. 7. of Dr. Edgar T. Flint of aritan, !Merle Smith farm; Cl:nnie ~m,t.h, sweooe::mJO':~~~a~::~·e guns blaz- the area. It was the first 3:r~ed J~panese County Outside City • . N. J., Somerset county p ysician,, 15, son of Arthur; Cecil Sartm, 30, . p d ~ f d d There was a report from persons attack on any British umt and Fo1·ty-two traffic deaths since who found the infant w s dead. ·and ~ancy Jane Stennett, 5. mg, an T}ce e 11 ea . . who came past Pearl Harbor that c1:1-me sevel'al hours after Japanese ~ 5 !Suspicious of marks on t e child'-~ Lewis County She,riff Henry ESCAPES ATTACKERS one ship there was lying on its air and naval forces opened sur- ! Jan. 1. Twelve days without a death. throat, Dr .. Flint perfo med an Hardy said he was told by a witRoy J. T!to~sek, .Honolulu atto_r-,side in the water .and four others1~rise assault~- on Ameri~an. bas~s1 1940 record: Forty - two , _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _J autopsy which revealed she had ness that the driver made no effort ney, was piloting his own plane m were on fire. This could not be m the Hawauan and Ph1lppme isdeaths to Dec, 7. - - - -- died of strangulationt h said. to stop at the crossing. an early morning sky ride when confirmed immediately. lands. AXIS sabotage Plot . the results have been encou1·agmg. Although her weight-about 30 tens - places her in the medium class, observers here are calling her Canada's first heavy. She is bigger, faster and more heavily armed than the Valentine mediums now being produced in quanity. Because of mobility and weight she is known to the men testing her as Ram l. Steered by tillersone for each track-she is a first cousin to the American M-3 tank now being s_u?plied by ~he United states t~ Bri~~h f;_rces ~n Englan~ and Afnca. f l e d~r t as a ~as hull, power u ra ta - ype engme, and uses a high-octane fuel. Her_ test crew.s are men from !he experimental wing of th e Canadian armored corp s , a nd she recentl~ was .taken through a ~ull demon str~bon for representatives of the Umted States army. • • l'iEW YORK' {Jf'J" - The British radio quoted the Reuters news agency Sunday night reporting from Honolulu that several planes were shot down in an attack on Pearl Harbor. + + + REPORTS GUAM ALARM WASIDNGTON UP) - The White House announced at 6:08 p. m. Sunday night that the navy had just reported a. squadron of unidentified planes over the Island of Guam, a dot In the Pacific between Hawaii and the Philippines. ~a.115 • till Qt.hrtstmas . I !~!:, Asks women serve as Army Doctors Man Who S·ought Identity Since 1852 Is Dead . Say Father K"1lls Wh"1mper1ng • Baby ;e:.t Japs Sink British Ship !=a~~=~!:!!: m lhon"'tnn t'¥ . I �G. R.\ • i Men in Hero Roles in New Guinea '\-'t 3 Delayed dispatches Tuesday revealed how Grand Rapids and west Michigan men, especially companies I and K of the 32nd division, played an heroic part in three weeks of constant fighting in a roadblock of the Sanananda road, New Guinea, while surrounded by Japanese forces. Among men known in west Michigan who were named in these dispatches were Capt. John Douglas Shirley of this city, whose death was recently reported by the war department, the late Capt. Roger Keast of East Lansing, former Michigan State athlete, Capt. Alfred Medendorp of this city, Sergt. John Mikita of Grand Rapids, Sergt. George L. May of Six Lakes, Maj. Bernt Baetcke of Detroit, whose wife and two children are now living in Traverse City. Other Michigan men concerned were Maj. George C. Bond of Adrian, who led companies I and K, Capt. Peter Dalponte of Three Rivers, Lieut. Herman Davis of Sandy Creek. T O CUT JAP LINE The aim of the group was to cut the muddy, 10-foot-wide road that the Japanese were using to A Name to Be Remembered supply their front lines. The Sa- the Jap machine gun. Sergt. May nananda road ran three and a half of Six Lakes responded, taking 10 miles from the Japanese beach head to the American front lines. men. Two compariies of infantry that STOP ENEMY FIRE carried out the daring action Ji.ad With a grenade thrown by May been flown into the area over the and tommy guns the Americans Owen Stanley mountains. • stopped the enemy fire for the Capt. Medendrop of Grand Rap-, time being, but in weeks to come ids Jed the 1-W-airopi patrol" in the log was the scene ot repeated through the mountain, and the pa- battles. When Americans passed if trol had killed 26 Jq.Jm before it they were always fired upon. They reached northern Papva. learned by experience to creep the Company K started forth on Nov. full length of the log, go around 23 in an attempt to establish an the end, then double back. Japaadvanced command post deep in n ese fire always went along the the jungle on the left side of the log's top. However, there was usuJap-held road. Finatl.y they dis- ally a new "~ise guy" in each parcovered a place so ifar behind the ty who tried to short cut by crawlJap lines that it w9 parallel with ing across the log. The Japs nearthe enemy artillery positions about ly always got that chap. a mile away in a straight line For a cogent reason the Ameracross the jungle b ut three hours icans did not try to wipe out perfloundering to reach from the road. manently the Japanese pillbox esIn bypassing the Jap lines in a tablished there. As they were loopboard curve westward, company Ing around Japanese lines, J ap and K underwent only desultory sniper American trails were bound to infire. tersect somewhere. The log fur"FOLLOW THE SUN" nished a certain protection while a Co. I, commanded by Bond and ne~ crossroa.ds migh t have been leaving a third of its men and an•_n_t_ir_e...:ly'-ex...:p:...o_s_ed_._ _ _ _ _ _ __ of Co. K protecting the earthen \- U •'f''!t Sanananda Road, New Guinea-Scene of Epic Fight Which Grand Rapids Men Died to Win ° ~ 1 ~';~~:t I ~~~:a::a~~~u~ttt1ro accompanied by a force of 50-Caliber machine guns. The only maps of the region were so inaccurate that the order given was "follow the sun." By going eastward they would break the road somewhere. A "point'' of three or four men leading the way :finally reached a patch of dry grass in the middle of which was a fallen log, 6 feet thick. When the point, creeping low, rounded the end of the log, terrific fire opened on them. The Americans h ad found an ambush, a Jap trail through which the enemy front lines were supplied whenever the main road was under Austra• lian artillery fire. Sergt. Mikita, leading the poin t platoon, asked for volunteers to get I Dollinger and Devereaux Fought to Keep Lines Clear G. R. Men Foil Wily J ops in New G~inea . . J Maps we're · ma:ccurate~ Tiienien More of the grim detatls of cer- .l . "fO11 d th 5 un ,. crawl)tain phases of the American vie- ~imp 1Y owe e . f , ed ith tory against Japanese entrenched m? through swamps m est . w at vital points in the New Guinea snipers, Three hours of .~h!S--8.n~ ·ungle fighting-action in which then _the group. reached the log, IJ • • I ment10ned in dispatches earlier Bl Grand Rapids men fought and died ) th f • t f fi from a Jap• to win their objectives and, incie oca 1 P0 !n ire . dentally a mass citation of the anese machine gun, smpers artd a ' 1 mortar. The log had to be passi,d. Sgt. John Mikita of Grand Rap• 32nd division for heroism from ids, leading the point or hea:i Gen. Douglas MacArthur - are the advance platoon, called f r coming to light now in belated dis- volunteers to "get" the mac e patches. gun nest. Sgt. George L. May of Individual deeds of some Grao d Six Lakes took 10 men, a couple Rapids and western Michigan men of automatic rifles, rw.any grenades are mentioned in detail, including and a tommy gun and went after bayonet cljarge led by Capt. John it. At 30 yards Sgt. May tossed the Shirley of Grand Rapids, who, first grenade and others followed ext day, was fatally wounded. The machine gun was sile.Pce The action was in November a nd it was days before the Ame early December, but news of the actually smashed Japanese c death of Capt. Shirley Was received' of "the Jog" crossing, beyond only a few days ago. Jay their objective-the road. Nume'rous Grand Rapids and The Americans, who be e western Michigan casualties of known as the "lost ~ompmiy." which relatives here have been no- held doggedly on to their ~~•·J.naecl tified dated back to this period. position for three weeksln all. j •Briefly, the situation was this: . They assumed they were about 600 While the main body of Arner1- yards in advance of their main can and Australian troops fough I body of troqps, but air checkup to wipe out the Japs at Euna, it later showed that actu!llly they was decided to attempt to cut off were more than a mne bis1de the a road leading three and one-half Jap lines and completely encircled. miles from their beachhead at Shirley Lt,ads Bayonet Charg,_ Sanananda, north of Buna, to the allied front lines. n was a daring It was the final break through that Capt. Shirley was-and ~osplan and everyone knew it. sibly others from this areaTwo infantry units were flown killed. over the Owen Stanley mounOO.ins To Capt. Shirley credit w to landing fields hacked in the jun- I for making the decision t 1 gle. A third company, made up of a vigorous attack against tt machine gunners and riflemen- One correspondent said Ca• the now famous HWairopi patrol/' Iey declared: "Let1s go g · Jed by Capt. Alfred Mede nd orp of so-anq-so's. Fix your bayc Grand Rapids-had made its way Jet's cut the guts out of t through the mountains on foot. Shirley led the charge" . Swamps and Snipers. swimming, half-wading Maj. George c. Bond of Adrian with knee-deep mud and was in command of the two infan- roots, amidst a hail of J try companies. Among his leaders bullets. The Jap tl"enche were Capt. Shirley and two other · taken and the troops burst T Michigan officers. to the Sanananda road. By the time it had struggled In this charge Capt. Roge. through to Soputa, in the north~ of Lansing, former football ern Pauan marshes, starting point Michigan State, was killed for the attempt to cut the Japs1 Shirley came through, bu Sananarula road, the Wairopl pa• kiJied in the continuing actlo trol alrej,.dy had killed 26 of the day. It is definitely known I enemy. was in action with the "lost The Americans bypassed the .Tap pany" that Pvt. Connie Cag, • lines in a curve to the westward, of Grand Rapids, whose death bent upon cutting the Sanananda just beell announced was kiJ I Heroism of Grand Rapids and open because the distance. between ' A,RUNNING "BUSH" western Michigan men in the 32nd the 10st company a nd its com.At the crossing of the Jap and (Red Arrow) division's famous ma1:1der was so gr~at th at po~table American trails, they noticed a I "lost company," which was com- ra~ws were unworkable and it re- bush which had not been there bepletely surrounded by Japanese quired two days ~or a. tunner. t~ ·fore. Nye fired at th e bush, which I forces after breaking their motor make. th e rou nd trip, wi th th e r~s hastily rose and disappear'ed into supply road from Sananan~a of bemg . ambushed by th e ~ap · the jungle. It was a Jap with a J beachhead, is vividly described in In . trymg to kee;p th e lme in bush tied around his waist and heldelayed dispatches arriving from working_ 0rd er, Dollinger 1:1nt Nye lmet. Despite perils and discour- J New Guinea. . worked m water .up to th eir .nee~, agements, th~ men failed only The dispatches tell how Ger~m with bullets whistling. o~. their four times to Splice the wire. Dollinger of Grand Rapids, with heads. It was a f;fvorite ti ick i When th e. Americans found i Marcellus Nye of Saginaw, worked th e .Japs Lo .remove mol~e w themselves isolated by the severing heroically to ke~p ~be telephone ~ban U;te ~e~air me.n cou carry of the telephone line, Capt. John line of communtcabon open ~ for replacement, in ·thi hope that D. Shirley of Grand Rapids, later ' tween th~ lost _company a n d ernt they would have to go back f~r killed in action, and Capt, Roger commanding officer, Capt. B more and thus lose a whole days Keast of Lansing, decided to reBaetcke of Traverse City, in th e time. Sometimes the wire would spon d to the Jap attack, which had face of the fact that the Japs were be cut within an hour after it had been throwing high explosive mornd cuttlng it at lea 5t once daily; a been spliced. tars into the water-filled foxholes bow Sergt Robert Devereaux. of Once, when Jap fire was espe- where the Americans lay. Keast Grand Rapids, former Sou th high cially heavy, Capt. Peter Dalpon~e led the attack, which started as a 1 1 sch ool athlete, fought bravely on of Three Rivers, would not permit patrol but ended as a bayonet asin the jungle, though he had con- the repairmen to leave the perim- sau lt. tracted malaria a n d could not be ter for two days, during which One of the br avest fighters in evacuated until his temperature time the party waa completely_ cut the attack was Sergt. Devereaux, approached 106. Iott from all communication. Fmal• who finally was evacuated over the 1 T he telephone line had to be kept ly, getting restless, the repairmen perilous trail back th rough the went out with two Tommy gun- jungle to recover from malaria. ners. The dispatches explain that though temperatures of 106 seem incredible, they are common in Papua, where fatigue brings out latent fevers in fighting men. Often men fight with temperatures at 104 and then pull themselves out of foxh oles to reach a hospital on foot. L itters are few and evacuation t hrou gh the jungle is long and dangerous because of snipers. Some- I times the sick men are evacuated by air, J: 1 1~! r road. J:c~r~!:ei~ ~~~~~a~,8;~;t~":':. tually certain. �crumpled and toppling, the battleship Arizona poured black clouds of smoke in to the air, after the s\rprise·, 1Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Dec. 7. A bomb was reported to have passed down the smoke s.tack, exploding boiler and forward magazin e. Thls picture is an tfficial United States navy photograph. ~--------------~~-'/-l Wounds Fatal ·G. R. Army Man Reported M,iSS'ing , in Pacific Area ~ -'- - 'f- S Technician Roman F. Olcneak, ·23, son of Mr. and Mrs. Joseph B. Oleneak, 917 Lincoln ave., NW., was reported missing in action in the southwest Paciftc area, accord• tng to a telegram received Friday night by his parents. Oleneak, a former student at Catholic Central high school, en• listed in April, 1940. He went to Camp Livingston, La., Fort Devens, Mass., and in April of 1941 was sent overseas. Before ~nlisting. he was employed at the American Seating cog;~-:!~k has a brother, servina: in the navy. Black smoke poured from the U. S. destroyer Shaw after a direct hit by a Japanese bomb in the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor Dec: 7. Defenders on the pier Cleft) pour water on the blaz.. This is an official U. S. navy photo. .l , )- 'f-), ing wreckage. Robert, CORP. GERALD W. DE BOER, 23, who died from woumls reR ceived in the New Guinea cam• paign Dec. 4, according to word received by the parents, Mr. and l\Irs. \\'illiam De Boer, 927 Ninth-st., N. \-V, The widow, Beatrice Lane DeBoer, bride ot a year, resides at 216'1 Division• av., S. �MICH., FRIDAY, JANUARY 29, 1943.-2 Another Local Soldier Killed First Pictures of Local Soldiers Sent From Africa \-~~ Clayton VanAmburgh Added to ~ew Guinea Casualty List To the list of local war heroes who gave their all was added Fri• day the name of Sgt. Clayton Van Amburgh, 251 who was killed in action in New Guinea Dec. 31, accoi::ding to a war department message received Thursday night by his father, George VanAmburg 216 John-st., S. E. Sgt. VanAmburgh was inducted into the service April 17, 1940, at Camp Custer, but through the in• 1 History is repeating itself in the American occupation of north Africa. As the Yanks of first World war days "adopted" youngsters in France-and vice versa-so today's Yanks in Africa are fast t becoming chums of Arab and French children, as evidenced in photos just receh,e<l from sevf'ral Grand Rapirs soldiers. PFC. IRA (PETE) MULL, upper left, is shown in photo at upper right with an army buddy in a jeep, as they paused to chat with an itinerant Arab. Lower left, Mull is shown with a group of Arab youngsters. Lower right, STAFF SGT. HAROLD ROEDEMA, left, and STAFF SGT. WILLIAM GROELSEMA, both of Grand Rapicls, and a third soldiei', identified only as a SGT. l\.[URRAY, pose with a group of their new pals, all Arab youngsters except the boy at the extreme right and the girl in the cen~r, who are French. Give Lives to,__ Win New Guinea _ ?-- Lives of two more Grand Rapids soldJers were lost in the battle with 1he Japs in New Guinea last .November and December, parents have jnst been notified. They were SGT. WALTER (LA J<'At:NCE) A\iERY, 2-1, left, son of Mr. and ::\'lrs. Arthur Avery, lUO Alpine-av., N. W., who died Nov. 26, and PFC. GILBERT HENDRICKS, 26, 1011 of Peter T. Hendricks, 216 Carlton-av,, S. E., who was klllcd Dec. 29. ducement of a friend obtained as-signment to the 32nd division and was sent to Camp Livingston, L_a . The friend was Robert Hartmay(, a sergeant, also serving in New Guinea. · The last letter received by the father and a brother, Leroy, was written Dec. 12. In it the sergeant expressed hope of an early furlough and wrote he was savih $100 to that end. Two packace containing a grass skirt and strings of shell beads were received Jan. 1. Sgt. VanAmburgh was a truck driver before he entered the service and his brother Leroy said his army assignment was truck driving. The circumstances surrounding his death have not been learned. Sgt. VanAmburgh attended the old Division school 1 Central High school and Davis Technical and Vocational High school. Surviving besides the father and brother Leroy are the mother, who lives in Piqua, Ohio, and another brother, Pvt. Clifford VanAmburgh, staj tloned at Camp Carabelle, Fla. �?IDS, MICH., SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 6, More Heroes of Red A.rrowi"Lost Company" ,_ Outstandlnr role, In the advance of the •x.o.t Company" of the ': ,American ''Bed Arrow." Into the Papuan Junrl•• deacrlbed by Correapondent Georre Weller In ea,ller ln1tallmenll of hla 1erle1 were taken by PFC. WAYNE LOWING, IZ, left, of .Jenl1on RFD No. 1; STAFF SGT. JOHN MIKITA, 11, center, of 805 Jacklon-1t,, N. W., and SGT. ROBERT R. McGEE, n, rlsht, of 6WMlohlpn-1t., N. E. Memben of Sgt. McGe•'• family reported Wednnda y that he wu wounded .Urhtl:, In the action late In Nove,.ber, but now c onval-lnr In Amtralla. 1! ! I I [i . Weary and unshaven, United States troops plod alonr a road 011 Guadalcanal Island, heading for an American bale after three conaecutlve week• of frontllne ftghtlllr with the ,1_, Japs Suffer INew Reverses l. . fs'· ,,.,, I Air Forces Are Badly Beaten; BaNJes Sunk with 75 Nips Aboard ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Monday) (IP) - Sixty additional dead Japa-- nese were counted In New Guinea yesterday, 39 of them after sklrmlshet1J that followed Saturday's big air battle over the Wau region. The 29 othe-rs wPre "stragglers" In the BakumbarJ area about eight mUe-s northweat of Gona. Belated reports told of the machlnegunnlng of two ~foot barges, each carrying about 75 J aps, in Rieb eek bay on the ! north side of Nf>w Britain Island Saturday. Caauafttes were reported "substantial." Japanese planes were inactive throughout the entire area and except for some strafing by Beaufighters in the Lae area, Allied air activity was limited to armed reconnaissance with incidental bombing and strafing in Dutch New Guinea, the Celebes, and Cape Gloucester. I WAITING FOR AERIAL AMBULANCE IN NEW GUINEAAmerlean soldiers wounded fighting the Japanese op the rugged Owen Stanley mountain ranie of New Guinea are shown at Kokoda, waiting for the ambulance plane to take them to an Amerl• can hospital near the Port Moresby area. The aerial ambulance service work, with smooth eJI. eiency and fatalities from wound.a In all war areas were recently estimated at 1 per cent. RAID FRUSTRATED SOMEWHERE IN NEW GUINEA (Delayed) UP) The Japanese attempted to raid the Wau airdrome with a large force of planes in d_a~~igbt S':lnday and I s uffered one ot tne most crushing air defeats yet inflicted by the Allies in this area. Of the attacking force, 4.1 Japanese bombe r s and fighters were shot down or seriously damaged. The Amer,e~ns d estioyed Ave bombera and 21 ftghtP.rs and possibly destroyed thret- more bombers ~nd 12 tlghtera. Destruction of two of the bombers was officially credited to anti-aircraft gun crews. Fliers accounted for the rest. . Of the large defending force of P-38's, P-39's and P-t0's, not one wae Jost and not a crewman was Injured. Only a few Allied planes were damaged during the two-hour series of battles over the forbidding mountains between Wau and the sea. "DESPERATION" THRUST (The size of the Japanese raiding force suggested a desperate effort to impede the concentration or Allied fighting men in the sector of Watt, 35 miles ~outhwest of Salamaua. whiC'h would menace invasion holdings at both Salamaua and the sister port or La.e. In view of the euccessful uee ot AJJied alr men and suppllee in the Papuan transports for the movement of campaign, the full weight of avail- , able aircraft probably is being I used to mobi1ize forces for a drive against Salamaua and Lae.) 1 Topping off the succeas over I Wau, a B-24. bomber on armed i-econnalssance probably aank two small Japanese cargo vesaela off New Guinea and New Britain and shot up two motor barges. The bomber pilot, Henry Chovanec of Fayettevtlle. Tex., made an admit• tedly optimistic estimate that poesibly 300 Japanese aboard the four craft were killed. I , I �-NEA Telephoto ·1 1 No maneu\-·er this, but actual battle action In the Papua sector in the successful drive to Bun& as Australians, under heavy fire themselves, clean out a. Jap pillbox only 30 yards away. In the center is an American-built Gen. Stuart tank, manned by Australians. Men of the United States 32nd division examine trophies in a rest period following the capture of Bona, New Guinea. Men in the foreground are looking at a mission bell they found while the soldier standing, l'.enter, exhibits a Jap officer's sword. Another, sitting at right, sh8"'s his buddies a captured Jap flag. Many western Michigan men participated in the capture ef Buna. Medical Heroes Slay 100 More GRAND RAPIDS, MICH., MONDAY, Japs,i ~ f ~inea Allies Carrying Fight to Foe Southwest of Salamaua FEBRUARY 15, 1943.-l Inspct lap Prisoners on Guadalcanal I ABied Headquarters in Australia -(JP}-Forward elements of Gen. Douglas MacArthur's army are pressing the Japanese southwest of Sa1amaua, New Guinea, with increasing force and an additional 100 Japanese warriors have been killed,· an allied communique said 1 Wednesday. ' The allied and Japanese forces are in contact in the Wau-Mubo area, 35 miles southwest of the Japanese supply center of Salamaua. It was the allied airport at Wau which enticed the Japanese into an aerial fight last week in which more than 40 Japanese planes were destroyed or damaged. W-e\day's communique indicateOthe ~ ground forces were j carrying the fight to the Japanese . while previously the Japanese had , been driving on allied positions. Allied attack planes and Jongrange fighters bombed and strafed Japanese positions at Lae, another Japanese supply point a few mile northwest of Salamaua. H~avy allied bombers caused ex- i tensive damage to the ~irport and I shipping facilities at Kendra! in the j Celebes, the communique said, and an 8,000-ton vessel was reported ' bombed. Results were unobserved. t A United States marine sergeant lining up a rroup of Jap prisoners, former members of a tabor hattaliori of Jap forcellll on Guadalcanal, for inspection and exercise. Note the J'ps' split-toed shoes. Overcome Jungle, Ellmlnate Rats and Snakes to Set Up Field Hospital In mmote New Guinea. 1..-\:>.. - 't ·~ With American Forces in New Guinea-'(JP)-The six officers and sixty-four enlisted men of the mediCal corps here cleared out Kunai grass which was chest high. From under every other coconut tree they removed pilel.:o!- ,dried and rotting coconuts that filled 75 trucks. Thus they killed great numbers of rats and snakes which were making their homes there. To make their surgery tent insect-proof, they sewed together at least a score of mosquito bars. They : took the bottom parts of t)leir ' Sibley stoves, intended to keep their ward tents warm in cold climates, sealed the ash - removing doors w ith ta.i- and now use them for wash basins in the dressing station. From the air force they borrowed , oxygen cylinders and .pilots' oxygen masks so that oxygen could be administered during operations when necessary. Because they wanted a shower and had only straight sections of pipe without elbow joints; they got one of their· patients wbo was in . ordnance to weld the sections of pipe together. So, after tJiree months, Maj. John B. Morey of Ada, Okla., and his staff have a field hospital able to take care of hundreds of patients, to give complete definitive care, to perform any type of major operation. One man who was accidentally shot through the stomach and small intestine with a .45 was up and w'll\9og in two weeks. Accurate :X-rays are developed witn• in seven 6r .elght minutes after a j patienl'j lifr!ftl ln th~ X-ray tent. �II -1 -'t~ CHAPLAIN FORGY A Presbyterian naval chaplain, Lieut. Howell Forgy (above), 34 years old, of Haddonfield, N. J., was credited in news reports from \ the Pacific battlefield area with use of the now-famed fighting phrase: "Praise the Lord and pass the ammunition," which gained popularity as· part of the words of a nationwide song hit. Some sources suggested that the plirase was originally used in Civil Vl/ar days. Lieut. Forgy once played football as Muskingum college, New Concord, 0. And pass the ammunition holds good for these marines on Guadalcanal. While nearby gun barks as U. S. troops mop up Japs· on the Mantanikou river section, Catholic fighting men kneel befo~e an outdoor altar as Father Reardon, marine chaplain, says Sundal mass. Repo;t"'from Melbourne Tells of Mission Massacre Melbourne, Oct. 16.-(Aneta)- and there slaughtered by t he J apa- of islands were said to have b('- Guin~a. A Roman catholic Bishop and . . . . .seve. n other Catholic m1ss10nanes were massacred by the J apanese July 13 on The Netherlands East 1Indies island of Kai, it was announced today by The Netl\erlands East Indies government information service I1ere. According to. eyevy1tness '.3-C• .counts the informat10n service said, the bishop and t he seyen others were herded onto the wharf at Langgoer, Kai's principal port, 32nd Division Stages Rally ; -.p- 't- 3 nese soldiery. The fate of t he remaining missionary priests a nd n uns on t he islan d, w ho are k nown t o have falle n into Jap anese h an ds, r emains unknown. The bishop, w ho was named J ohannes Aerts an d was 62 years old had Jive d on t he island most of his life, the announcement stated, and was revered and loved by the inhabitants. The populations of Kai and of the neighboring Tanimbar gronp come enraged over the "bestial behavior" of the Japanese, ,vhose actions t he information service described as a "bloody massacre." W hile t ile cause of the murders was not stated, it js believed here that Bishop Aerts and companions were slaughtered because the bishop had ordered the destruc tio n of. a motor launch prior to the arnval of the Japanese. Monsignor Aerts, who held the rank of Titular Bishop, was Apostolic Vicar of Netherlands New Deaths in Battle Confirmed :i. - i'I- - >i-2, Two Grand Rapids soldiers formerly reported missing in N ew Guinea now have been officially r eported killed in action. STAFF SGT. WALTER H . MILLER, left, son of Mr. and :l\frs. William L. l\liller, 457 Hubert-st., N. E., was buried on the battleground last Dec. 7, the parents were informed. SGT. ADRIAN BUSH , right, son of Mr. and Mrs. John Bush, 1S13 Nort h-av., N. E., was killed Dec. 7. His jurisdiction a~so ineluded many of the smaller islands to the east, among them the Tanimbat and Kai groups. His seat was at Langgoer, where he met his death. He was a member of the congregation of the Sacred Heart, as were all the priests, nuns and brothers working his vicariategeneral, with the exception of some Franciscans stationed to the north . It is assumed, therefore. that the seven who were murdered with him belonged to that order. The nuns in the vicariate. who belonged to a congregation of the order called the Daughters o! Our Lady of the Sacred Heart, taught in schools in the vicariate, and served in a hospital at Lang.goer, where a novitiate for native nuns and brothers was also held. Monsignor Aerts was born at Swolgen, in The Netherlands, Feb. 8, 1880, and consecrated bishop Nov. 30, 1920. In 1939, the last year for which statistics are available, there were 12 priests stationed in the Langgoer area. The number of nuns 1and brothers is believed to have been much larger. I �FEBRUARY 11, 1943. :i..-i:.- i i Japs Lie, Says 'f- 3 Third of Japs in Wau Slain Mac Arthur :;i_ - ,1 - '1- ·s They Didn't Evacuate New Guinea, They Died, Declares General UNITED NATIONS HEADQUARTERS in AUSTRALIA (F1·iday) (INS)-Japanese forces. in New Guinea, for the second time in six weeks, have suffered a heavy defeat, Gen. Douglas MacArthur announced today. More than a third of the Japanese ALLIED HEADQUARTERS AUSTRALIA, (Thursday) UPI - tioops that Gen. Douglas MacArthur's communique Wednesday virtually ' called Japan's Mikado liar, ing Gen. Tomatari Horti and his army did not evacuate the Buna area o! New Guinea at the end of January as the Japanese claimed but "perished.'' This pointed commentary was included along with the announcement o! a fresh A11ied ground tory on the approaches to Sala.maua and Lae, the next Jap bases of importance since the victor I at Euna sealed triumph for the Allies in the Papuan peninsula. The communique announced that the main Jap force has been encountered in the Wau area, some 35 miles southwest of Salamaua, and forced back for six miles, after which our artillery continued to pour it on the retreating enemy. The communique's blunt giving of the lie referred to Wednesday's statement in a Japanese imperial headquarters communique that its troops pulled out of Buna. "It ls a complete fabrication and must be regarded as propaganda rather than ai;; a miH• t-a,ry report," snapped MaoArthur's version of the battle. It marked the first time Gen. MacArthur had given the Ue direct to the Japanese and his language was typically forthright and in• cisive. He said "the necessity for such subterfuge" as the Japanese claim "in the name of the emperor himself represents ·a moral defeat even greater perhaps than the physical one he has suffered." ... The rel,)l\rf_. nl Jhe Jap setbr.~ a sayi attacked Allied positions at WaUi south of Salamaua, have been de• strayed, a communique announced. The enemy has suffered almost 1,000 killed since launching the first attack Jan. 30, the communique said~ It was estimated that more than half of the Jap's forward striking units were killed and "many times" that number were belteved to have been wounded or died as an indirect result o:t the Wau action. The routed enemy force now is , retreating toward Mubo, defense ! outposts to Nippon's big base at 1 Salamaua, roughly 10 miles to thfl north, The battle for Wau, which began two weeks ago as a Jap patrol raid and gradually developed into a full-scale ground fight, was the 1 second defeat for the enemy since IUICHIGAN TROOPS ADVANCE AGAINST JAPSearly January, when Nippon's Pa• i paun army was crushed in the : \tembers of the 32nd division, originally a Wisconsin and l\lichigan National Guard outfit, wade 1 Buna-Gona area. across a New Guine& stream with their bearers, right, during the recent march on the Japs, in 1 Two hundred additional Japanese the Buna sector where members of the division won 55 distinguished service crosses for heroism dead were counted yesterday in in wiping out the enemy force. I the Wau area by Australian forces, which also took a number of enemy prisoners during the battle, it was officially disclosed. With the enemy still retreating northeast of Wau, all threat to the safety of the Allied garrison buried deep in the heart o! the Owen Stanley mountain ranges of i northwestern Papua now appears to be removed, according to an Allied spokesman. Allied troops, fighting an intel• ligent defensive warfare in the hills and deep valleys around Wau, suffered only "relatively light" cas• ualties, it was announced, vie-I I A~::~: I ~~Y~:fsc~~!~;:e:hac~~~e~y seized the initiative in that area. In driving the Japs back six miles in the Wau area, an Allied spokesman said 125 more of the enemy had been slain. This raised Ij~p:~~le~h~: :i~t r: t~:ean~i;;::~ patrol raids or skirmishing in re-cent weeks. Despite the success reported today, the fighting remains on a comparatively smaU scale, although increasing in intensity. " WEA.RY YAJ\'KS REST BESIDE JUNGLE TRAILFoot-weary and of sober mind, members of the heroic 32nd division sit beside a jungle trail for rest in the march to Buna. - I :I ·-- Guadalcanal Is Free ')_. 1:3- 'I'S " America1.1 forces have cleaned the Japs out of Guadalcanal as well as Papua. The Secretary of the Navy has announced, and Tokyo has confirmed it, that the Japs took a good and healthy licking in Guadalcanal and New Guinea. Many thousands of Japanese died in their efforts to hold these two spots in the southwest Pacific. A great many fine American boys also lost their lives in the battles there. But the Government assures us that our losses were small in comparison with the losses of the Japs, We find some aatiafaction in that. s- �......_____ MONDAY, MARCH 1, 1943 JAPANESE EYES ON AUSTRALIA ipponese Reported einforcing Positions taps (Continued from Page 1) Lging and probably destroying an 1.dditional bomber and eight flght~rs u the communique said. - • 1Anti-aircraft and machine gun ';wsitions were silenced and fires ;tarted in the building area. "Three enemy fighters, all that tpparently remained after the d_is1ster on the ground, attempted ln1 :erception as our aircraft left the :arget area. One was shot out of Lction by cannon shells and the ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA, Monday UP) - ,thers were driven off. The Japanese are reinforcing their positions north of A.ustralia "All our planes returned." apparently to prepare for action against Australia, the Allied &AID l{AI ISLANDS high command announced toda):. Medium bombers raided an en"Our air reconnaissance over the past weeks report a constant ~my-occupied . townh in thdeamKaga; . . t . I . th stands, causmg eavy and growmg remforcemen 1n a _l cate~ries of en~my streng lmong the buildings with direct - - - ~ - - - 1 1n the island perimeter envel- )omb bits and strafing attacks, oping the upper half of Aus•i 1Vhile heavy units of the airforce tralia,'' the noon communique ,ombed bot~ Finschhafen and Lae ·d j n New Gumea. sa1 • ! Ground forces in the Wau-Mubo "The enemy seems to be con• ,1,rea drove the enemy from th~ centrating his main effort in Naipainlng-Waipali area. Seventy preparation on this front. Su~h fapanese dead were c_ounted _in one • ocality the communique sa1d, but ~n . assembla~e of_ maJor force nany ~ncounted dead remained in md1cates he 1s taking up a posi• :he brush. tion in readiness. "Our air attacks have apparentMAY PLAN A'ITACK y been effective against personAsked . whether the Japanese 1.el," the communique said of aerial were preparing to attack or de- 1.ssaults against the Japanese in fend themselves, a spokesman at :hat area. "The enemy now has Gen. MacArthur's headquarters )een thrown back approximately, said: m miles from the scene of his de"It could be either offensive or :eat at Wau.'' defensive." Several enemy aircraft appeared Japanese positions presently ex- ,ver Milne bay during the night, tend more than 2,000 miles above lropping bombs harmlessly in the Australia, from the Solomons in ;>ay. the east to Timar island in the ,\•est Ma.jar aerial activity in the northweJtern sector possibly against the enemy's reinforcemen t activities - was disclosed in the comnµ.inique. ALLIES SURPRISE JAPS Allied Jong range fighters swept over the Penfoei airdrome in the Koepang area of the island of Timar at ground level just after dawn Sunday, completely surprising the enemy. "Eighteen thousand rounds of cannon_ and heavy machine gun fire were poured into enemy aircraft caught on the field, completely destroying four b?mbers and nine fighters and seriously d amI See JAPS-Page I ., Heavy C,oncentrations lndicaf,e foe Get-ting Ready for Acfion I I WASHINGTON (AP) - An In· dication that America's naval in the PacUic is about ready to undel'take a drive ~or positions from which Japanese mdustrial centers can be brought uni der direct and devastating attack came Sunday from Admir3:l Ch~ster w. Nimitz, commander 1n chief of the pacific fleet. "We are now at the cross roads of the Pacific campaign," Nimitz said in a radio broadcast sponsored by the American Red Cross. Hls prepared statement w~ released by the navy in Washington. "Through t )l e unmatched devotion of the men who held t h e Jines in the trying months of t h e past year, we have turned back the enemy in the South Pacific. The loss of Gu adalcanal marks the fir 5t defeat of that kind suffered by the Japanese in modern times. oFrom now on," he continued, "the going will be tougher as we undertake the task of driving the enemy from prepared positions he has been building in the conquered areas. AMERICAN OBJECTIVES Two statements in Admiral Nimitz's brief discussion of future operations in the Pacific attr?-cted special attention in naval circl~s here. Both had to do with h1s definition of American objective~. The first was his assertion that 1t is "our job" to •'neutralize" Japan's island strongpoints; the secon~ was that from the advance positions to b e won, it is the navy's intention to shell as well as to bomb enemy industrial centers. In the past,'virtually all authoritative discussion of attack ~n Japan itself has been st3:ted m terms of airpower - that is, that the Japanese would be bo~be_d from bases in China and Russia (lf and when Russia enters the Pacific war) and from aircraft carriers which wou ld not have to approa~h closer t h an 200 miles :o Japan in order to deliver t1;1e1r bombers. REGARDED AS PROMISE Nimitz's statement was regarded here, however, as a promise ~f naval bombardment of the enemy s vulnerable coastal cities by the heavy guns of the American fleet -an operation which would prob· I ably be undertaken only in the final phases of an amphibious offensive aimed at the conquest of the Japanese homeland. Neutralization of the enemy empire's island strong points, it was said, normally would precede .any attack on Japan itselt and might be accomplished in several ways. The effect of ·attrition on Japanese seapower should 11:1crease ~he enemy's difficulties m supplying J his more distant bases such as Struk in the South Pacific. Moreover, many of these bases can be outfl'anked by American sea and air attack on intermediate stroti,g.,_ with Japan. points linking them l might I Jap Troop Toll Equals That of Papuan Battle j - 'I- . 'I-:, (By Associated Press.) Allied bombers with their deadly blasting of a Japanese convoy this week killed in just t wo days as m a n y en emy soldiers as were wiped out in six months of bitter fi gh tin g in the Papuan jun~les of New Guinea. The Japs landed at Buna in July of last year a nd opened the Papuan campa ign w hich did not end until last J a nuary. Gen. Tomotari Horii lost an army estimated at 15,000 in that defeat - the sa me number ,of troops as perished in two days time under the assault of Gen. Douglas MacArthur's bombers, u, fleet Ready for Japanese __ �.- , >t:, '>-~ Spirits Are High Pacific War Victims Joke About Their Experiences in Fort Custer Hospital Battle Creek-(/P)-One hundred sniper at Guadalcanal, a wound which brought him the purple heart award in a ceremony Sun- ) day. "We went out on an early-morning patrol about 1,000 yards inside J'ap territory and started to get a 1 this week and renewed their be1lief that there's no place at Guad- Jap gun near Henderson field when they got me," he related. "l just alcanal or the Solomons or in Ausrolled over and played dead while tralia thl:\,t compares to home. my buddies went on-they got the "My folks are glad to know . I'm Jiere/' smiled Pfc. Arthur Ka1se_r, gun, too, by the way-and I tossed f a couple of grenades while lying 23 veteran of a 9-month tour m A~stralia, who hails from He_rron, there just to do my part." near Alpena. Kaiser was stricken ''Boy, this country looked good 1 when we got in San Francisco, but 1 with a stomach ailment overseas. "Those Australian girls were when I was brought back to Michinice" he grinned, displaying a gan, it was tops," said Cpl. Walter snaPshot of himself with a bright- C. Corda, 27, of Bessemer. Corda eyed member of the WAAF in Aus- developed asthma in service in Australia. "I'd just as soon stay in this tralia and New Guinea. Says He Killed 50, country, though, when I'm better." Played ,Possum. Many of the men spent the first Cheerful and glad to be back was few days after their arrival here Sgt. James Genovese, 31, former examining souvenirs brought from. f Chicago railroad employe who was the battle zones. ''Quite a hunk of metal, isn't it?" shot in the right foot by a Jap asked Pvt. Ralph Alvarado, a Mex• ican youth from Gary, Ind., also a purple heart winner, whose left t arm was held high on a splint. "This is the shrapnel they took out of rrty arm," he said, displaying a 3-inch piece of ragged metal. He was at Guadalcanal. Eight bed-ridden victims joined in I the telling of conditions at Guadalcanal, of the fighting they had seen and done, "And the place was lousy with Japs," one blond youth shouted across the ward. "Everywhere you looked you saw Japs, live ones and dead ones. Boy, we knocked 'em off, too." . One of the men, asked if he had killed any of the enemy, said: "I figure I took care of about 50 per1sonally ." The others•mumbled their own 'scores" ranging from 15 to 35. \ seventy-five war casualties from the southwest Pacific area began to 1 "get the feel" of crisp, clean sheets , and spotless wards in the new Percy Jones general hospital here l I Heavily-bearded, hi• uniform In tatters, SGT, LLOYD GILLMER of Big Rapids, &its on a fallen tree at Bun~ New Guinea, to re1t an<I smoke a cigaret, Even while relaxing from the fighting he keeps hii 1ubm&ehlne gun ready at hand, Capt. Hartnacke, Injured in Camp, Dies; ~Body Is Expected Saturday 11 -\/-.3 Capt, Franz J. HartnRcke, formerly of this city, died at 9 :10 a. m. Thursday in the army hospital at Camp Livingston, La., from injuries he received in the crash of an army jeep during maneuvers last Saturday. Announcement of his death was received here by David L. Cavera, father of Capt. Hartnacke's wife, the former Miss Roselyn Cavera, ;::en!:' w~~;e ;~;:· isp: :~fer °':f charge of troop reconnaissance in the service. He served five years in the ROTC at Michigan State college, from where he was graduated in 1939, and was made a I-:-========:::::::::::;;;;;- SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 27, 1943 . I Flash,'' due to his prominence in athletics during his first year in high school. He was chosen on several all-city teams in football, basketball and track, and carried 1 his athletic prowess on to college. His scholastic record was con- 1 sistently high. l EXPECTED HEBE SATURDAY In Grand Rapids he was a city , playground director during the ' summer months between college terms, and upon graduation was Capt. Hartnacke. traffic engineer for the state high.. STAGED GALLANT FIGHT way department here, Since the accident, which ocCapt. Hartnacke's body will curred in a collision of jeeps, Capt. leave Alexandria, La., at 3 p. m. Hartnacke being thrown out, he Friday and is expected to arrive in staged a gallant fight for life, and Grand Rapids Saturday at 10 p. three army nurses were in conm., escorted by ~ieut. :r. Cahill, stant attendance despite the fact who served under Capt. Hartthere were very few of them to nacke. be spared. Relatives had been adDue to uncertainty of train vised to visit him in the camp schedules and Mrs. Hartnacke's hospital as soon as possible, and condition, definite funeral arrangehis wife, together with Mrs. ments have been withheld until Greene and another sister, Mrs. the body arrives. Memorial serv' Catherine Westrate, left Sunday ices were held Thursday night in night, arriving in Louisiana. Tues~ Alexandria by the captain's group, day morning. the 38th reconnaissance troop of They were with him when death CAPT. HARTNACKE the 38th infantry division. came, and Capt. Hartnacke r e - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 If the body arrives in Grand gained consciousness long enough flr st lieutenant July 10, 1941. He Rapids Saturday, funeral services to realize they were there. Mrs. entered active service the fol- will be held Tuesday at 10 a. m. Hartnacke is expecting their first lowing Sept. 10 and was commis- in SL Andrew's church, with bur-child. sioned captain Oct. 14, 1942. ial in Mt. Calvary cemetery, The The captain at 28 was reputed At Catholic Central high sbhool Colpnial funeral home will have to be tho youngest captain In he was nicknamed tho "Freshman charge of arrangements. Parents Informed Friday of Son's Death in Battle Word of the death in action of Technician Roman F. Ollneak, 23, son of Mr. and Mrs. Joseph B. Ollneak of 917 Lincoln ave., NW., was made public Friday by his parents. Ollneak previously had been ieported missing in action in the southwest Pacific. On Feb. 18, Mr. and Mrs. 011neak received a letter informing them that thetr· son had been killed and that the body had been buried, - --·-- Friday they received a postal card stating that it would be some time before parttclulars of his death would be available. Mr. and Mrs. OlJneak flrllt learned that their son wu mining on Feb. 5. He had jofned the armj in April, 1940, and has gone overseas in 1941. He was employed by the American Seating company before entering the service. Besides his parents, Ollneak la survived by three brothers, Joseph, and John of Grand Rapids, and Robert, In the navy, and three sisters, Helen and Leonore at home, and a third sister, who is a nun in the Order of Notre Dame, 1n Milwaukee. In an official dispatch received In The Herald office recently for publication on Saturday morning, Corp. Jack L. White, 24, son of Mr. and Mrs. Charles E. White. 120 Lamoreaux st., Comstock Park, was listed as having been wounded in action in New GUinea. Corp. White served ln the na,. tional guard for three years before he was called into service tn October, 1940. Before going overaeas he was trained by the army tn communications and engineering. He waa employed by the Corduroy Rubber company before ente ! active service. Other casualties listed In t official releaae previously had ·b<j reported by Tho Herald. �TUESDAY, MARCH 2, 1943 JAP FORCE NEARS NEW G"UINEA Japs Move • on New GUlnea 1 Sight Large Convoy Off Coast; MacArthur Force Poises Blow By LEE VAN ATTA UNITED NATIONS HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Tuesday) (INS) - One of the largest Japanese convoys yet to move in the direction of New Guinea - consisting of 14 warships and merchantmen - was sighted Monday off the north coast of New Britain, it was announced today. The convoy, it was announced in a communique is- Isued at Gen. Dou·gla.s Mac4"rthur's headquarters, ls moving under cover of an advancing weather front and Allied heavy bombardment units now are poised waiting for clearing skie'S and a chance to strike at the enemy vessels. Not since the time several weeks ago when a big convoy, including nine merchantmen and their warship escort tried to put in at Lae, has a flotilla approaching this size been spotted in New Guinea water's. _A.erlal reconnaissance unlts first discovered the swift enemy move only a few hours after Gen. MacArthur had re-leased a statement warning of tremendous Japanese concentrations in the island chain rimming northern Australia. The convoy wa'S spotted Monday afternooo off Ubili on the north coast of New Britain. Despite extremely adverse weather condi1 ~~r:~in:;e inr:~:~:~~ss;~t~e t~!a~:~ emy throughout the night and this morning the ships were believerl west of New Britain. The convoy's definite objective has not yet been reported. I WEATHER SCREENS MOVE I Taking advanta·ge of the weather front, just a'S has been done during every Nipponese attempt to reinforce or regarrison New i Guinea, the convoy so far has moved free of attack from Allied airmen. As soon as conditions dear, however, It is expected that mighty Flying Fortresses and Liberators will be hurled into a heavy a'Ssault. Meanwhile, an official spokesman disclosed the presence of Allied ground patrols in the Maria river ' area, ateadlly destroying the remnSee PACIFIC FRONT-Page 1Z Pa~l!!~uef~~!a~~ I 1) ants, of Japanese troops along the north coast of New Guinea. The Allied patrols formed a part of MacArthur's Gona garrison, it was revealed1 and in a surprise attack Monday they thrust into the Warla rive1· mouth sector to smash four large barges which had been dis- covered there. Heavy Liberator bombers made their first attack of the war against the Nipponese harbor at Waingra- poe on known island) of this the island of Soemba (also as ,Sandalwood or Sumba in the northwestern sector THE theater. Enemy shipping in the harbor of thi5 island, which is west of Timar, was pounded by AXIS MONKEYS bomber crews. American A-20s bombed ~ and strafed Japanese supply lines linking Guadalcanal with Salamaua while one Liberator made its almost daily bombing attack against Alexishafen airdrome, POUND JAP BASES WASHINGTON (JP) - American bombers pounded Japanese island bases in both the north and south Pacific over the week-end, th~ navy repol'ted Monday, and successfully attacked a cargo ship which blew up and sunk. The ship was hit in the snortland island area of the Solomons in the south Pacific where the main weight of the American attack was directed. It probably was either an ammunition ship or was loaded with gasoline in drums since it appears to have been destroyed by violent internal explosion resulting from the hits. The same force of planes which sank the ship, four-engined \:iberators and Avenger torpedo car-. riers, also assaulted enemy positions at Kahili and Ballale in the Shortland area. Large fires were started, a navy communique said, and an enemy · aircraft was destroyed on the ground. One U. S. plane failed to return. This raid was carried out on Sunday, Solomons time, and the same day a Hudson patrol bomher attacked the Munda airbase area on New Georgia island in the central Soloinons in the 79th raid of the war against that objective. Meanwhile, Daunt 1 e s s Uve bombers, with Lightning and Wildcat fighter escort, started fires at Vila on Kolombangara island in the Munda area. In the north Pacific on Saturday, medium and heavy bombers with fighter protection assaulted enemy 0 ~~:f!io;!re nn:t:~~e!~:;d :~!ii: bombers returned to Kiska on Sunday and scored hits In the enemy camp. All American planes returned from both of those attacks', 77/E rVe#RE.e IS" ,,. I $7"/tL. Ta7 81/SY I n::,.1)£1.11/ER HIS' S'P~tt"'H~S -ee12u~ We St/Frl:RcP #0 A'IMACt= -l>Alt.Y~ REP=r. 8<?/1'18/NC' ATTAC.-Kr' .S/Mll.AR 7V 77/0SE OY MILi/iV 1/IVb NAPLES ARE NO t.ON'<i,!'",e l POSS/BU:. -IZOMrsntin.Mlr-.~ T1,e /r,4U,fN' ,OJ!i'4P,£. I ! �omhers Cripple I Japanese Convoy 3 ,3-'f-J, - Allied Planes Smash 4 of 14 Enemy Ships - j - s · 'I-.3 - Calling All Japs Nearing Guinea - -,- RAIDS CONTINUING Allied Headquarters in Australia (IP) -The crippled and widely• scattered remnants of a 14-ship Japanese convoy, smashed by allied bombers and fighters, staggered - ~:::::~alism~~~~uf:a t~~~rd ff~~ l enemy base at Lae, New Guinea, ~ -rith Gen, Douglas MacArthur's , •. 't 1anes relentlessly on its trail. At least four transports and cargo !?ssels of the original armada of even Japanese warships and seven erchant ships have been sunk or 1· damaged and thirteen Japanese fighter planes out of the umbrella of thirty or forty that tried to provide protection to the convoy have been shot out of action, allied headquarters announced. "Our losses are light. The battle continues," an allied headquarters communique said. The bulletin said a 10,000-ton transport had been hit five times and 1eft awash and in flames; an 8,000-ton transport had been sunk aftPr breaking in two; a 6,000-ton vessel was directly hit on the bow. and a sma1ler vessel was damaged and set afire. Allied Flying Fortresses and Liberator bombers, with a fleet escort of P38 fighters, stabbed through murky haze, thick clouds and rain to deliver their blows in the face of heavy anti-aircraft :fire and Japanese fighter planes. ''Other hits or near-hits were scored against warships and cargo ships, "results of which have so far been impossible to assess," the communique said. Pilots reported a near-hit on a Japanese light cruiser. Gen. MacArthur's airmen also pounded Lae, concentrating on the i:tirdrome area. Allied bombers also attacked airdromes on Soemba and Soembava islands, northwest C).f Australia; destroyed an ammunition ship with a 500-pound bomb and Wide bay, New Britain, and smash~d at the Gasmata, New Britain, airdrome, the communique said. Elated pilots who participated in the attack on the convoy saw heavy bombs explode amidships on the 8,000-ton transport and watched it split Jn two and sink in flames within two minutes, reports from operations bases said. Flames which poured from the wreckage of other ships were visibk: fot· 1i long distance, it was reported. · I I ''Surrender or be killed" was the ultimatum served on Guadalcanal Japs via loudspeakers in the jungle. LT. COL. fRED MUNSON, left, broadcast to the enemy in Japanese, pointing out the many ad• vantages of surrendering. Some Japs surrender ed, the rest were killed, Sighted 200 Japs-Liquidated SanM And Thal W role Finis lo 15,000 M en and 22 Ships By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS all that r emained to mark the ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN grave of the Japanese armada AUSTRALIA (Saturday) - An Althat ha~ set out from Rabaul, lied airman saw 200 Japanese New Britain. troops in three lifeboats - all that "Our long range fighters and remained of 15,000 spilled into the bomber units swept the entire area Bismarck sea by the sinking of a (of the Huon gulf) completing mop22-ship convoy dropped his ping up of barges, lifeboats and bombs and messaged his base: "No rafts from sunken ships of the survivors." Bismarck sea convoy," the noon T hat ended one of the most communique -of Gen. Douglas Macbrllliant aerial strokes by Arthur reported. American and Allied fliers in "Effortg at escape were largely the southwest Pacific, a spokes- fruitless and practically all were man said today in commenting ; destroyecLThere-;;;-;c-;-r;ely a on the high command commu- Asurvivor so far as was known.'' nique announcing ''there was The convoy of 10 warships and , scarcely a survivor." 12 transports was sunk in a threeThe final score: day attack, beginning Tuesday, as For Japan - Ten Japanese war- the Japs sought to send badly needships, cruisers and destroyers, ed reinforcements to its garrison at sunk; 12 merchantmen, transports Lae, New Guinea, • and cargo ships sunk; more than At Lae, seizing upon the op80 enemy planes destroyed or put portunity presented by the disout of commission; and the troops, ruptlon of the Jap plans, Mac• estimated at 15,000, which the JapArthur's planes for the seCond anese were hurrying to their atraight day Kave that Huon threatened foothold in the Lae:- I gulf base a terrific pounding•. Salamaua sector of upper New "A series of co-ordinated attacks Guinea. , by all categories of our air force For the AJlles - Only one ·were made on the airdromes and bombe~. and three .fighters Jost. adjacent installations through t h e The mopping up of the surviv- day," the communique said. ors off the New Guinea coast was "Fires were started which were carried out methodically yesterd~y visible for 40 miles. Weak enemy by Allied bombers and lon g-ran&? forces attempted interception but fighters sweeping the sea. 11· • were dispersed by our cover. Three More than 400 J apanese perlshet! enemy planes were shot down." in the final operations in an area Mention of the weak intercepfrom 20 to 75 miles off the New tion appeared highly significant in Guinea coast in Huon gulf. Barges, view of the fact that in Thursday's lifeboats and rough log rafts to stepped-up aerial operations at Lae, which the enemy troops were cl~~g- Allied planes had to battle more in g were torn up by high explosives than a score of Japs, shootin g down or ripped apart by the fighters' 17 in addition to blasting six which machine-guns. wer e on the ground refueling. By n ightfall only • mall bit& o wreckage a nd oil slick s w e:re "Power barrea'Ioaded with ] troops from the sunken trans.. ports were destroyed wit h all on board." "I n t e n s i v e an d widespread searches by our reconnaissance aircra!t (in the Huon gulf) early ye• terday morning failed to reveal any remaining trace of the enemy con~ voy in the entire area beyond float Allies Down Total ing wreckage and occasionally lifeof 82 Foe Planes, boats and barges containing troops. Finish Off Ships c->t3 , LAST TW O DESTR OYERS "Two damaged destroyers which B y The ASSOCIATED P RESS had lasted during the (Wednesday) ALLIED H EADQUARTERS IN n ight were attacked, hit and sunk. AUSTRALIA, (Friday) - Aerial Earges, lifeboats and rafts still "mop up" squadrons have now afloat were strafed and sunk. Four completely finished off the 22-ship enemy fighters were encountered Japanese convoy that was sma.ah-:?d and shot down without loes to ourin the battle Of Bismarck sea, and. selves." have knocked 27 more Japanese ~ Th us in three days after beginplanes out of the sky, the Allied ning the battle off the aouthern- 1 high command announced ton ight. most tip of New Britain, along whose north coast 'the convoy had Sweeping flights disclosed the s6ught to steal from Rabaul under only remaining trace of what protection of bad weather, Machad been a powerful army .was Arthur's air arm had cost the en~ floating bits of wreckage of my an army as large as that which ships and · occasional lifeboats .\ and barges containin g troops. for i,ix months battled before losComplete destruction of th(' con~ ing the Papuan pen~sula of New ·~ voy was realized through the sink- Guinea. ing of two remaining damaged deNow the Allied ground forces of stroyers that had been left alloat. Papua are moving north:ward toThis major Allied victory cost ward Lae, the Huon gulf base the Japanese an estimated 1'51000 which t he Japs sought to reinforce j troops bound for Lae New Gµ tnea , with the convoyed troops, to reinforce their hard pressed ANOTHER AERIAL B LOW troops there. Another big aerial blow at Lae BAG 82 PLANES was described in today's commuShooting down of the 27 addi- nique: tional planes brought to 82 th e "Our heavy units bombed the total number of enemy aircraft i airdrome during the night. At day, destroyed or put out of action. in a .co-ordinated strike, our long Besides the 22 ships-10 war- range fighters and attack units ships and , 12 transports-enemy with strong fighter escort swept barges and lifeboats carrying con- over Lae and adjacent alrdromes voy survivors also were destroyed, in a series of strafing attacks the high command disclosed. from extreme low level, fl.ring 30,Even befor e tl!e final operation1:1 000 rounds from cannon and mawere announ ced the victory had chine-gun. h,en acclaimed by Gen. Do'l_glas "Six enemy fighters caught on 1 M<:.Arthur and Under-Secreta.1-y of , the ground while refueling were War Robert Patterson as a major destroyed, together with fuel trucks disaster to Japan. It gravely up~ and large fires were started in the set the enemy's war time table, building area. Our covering fightthey said. ers were challenged by 30 enemy Off Finschhafen, New Guinea, where Allied planes began their fighters. In the ensuing fight, the davastating attack an Tuesday, enemy was completely out-maneu"our heavy units strafed and san k vered and 17 of his planes were lifeboats off sh ore endeavoring to shot out of action. Our losses were ! make land.'' the communique said. extremely light.'' Thus it was indicated that the moment of the Japs' most severe setback had been seized by Gen. MacArthur to increase aerial soft- ! enin g up of the Lae defenses. I Mop Up Japs in Bismarck i _,,- I I JAP ADMillALS GET WOODEN CUPS. ~1 {BY Unitcct Press.) ,.',O" ~ Radio Tokio said Saturday ihat Emperor Hirohito ha~ received 13 Japanese admirals, just back from "the frqpt" and gave them "woo?en,. cull~" for "meritorious service. . The office of war inforplat1on, reporting the broadcast, recalled that Hirohito awarded dn imperial rescript to Adm. Isoroku Yamamoto, commanderin-chief of the combined Japanese fleet, shortly after the United States navy had defeated him in the Coral sea. Less than two weel-.:s after the JapaneSe suffered another ma~ jor defeat in the battle of _the Solomons, last November, ~irohlto summoned five admirals aild congratulated them. Radio Tokio has not mentioned the destruction of the 22ship Japanese convoy off ~ew Guinea from which no admtral was left for Hirohito to decorate. Go 1· �Michigan Men Figure • ~ ID Bitter Fighting , Wounded New Guinea Vets 'I"'.> 2,,,:1.· Laud Pl.asma, ·war N urses. · \-3-0 Battle Creek--(,lP)-"God and the Jap's stomach. It was only a min• medics" were thanked solemnly ute before Sutton had that ma- FrictaY by an infantry lieutenant c~~: ~~~ giint'~ company's trek , ••• Lieutenants Make Mark in Leadership Capt. Byron Bradford, of Austin, Minn., who is taking a leading part with his singularly light hit group ot men in advancing through this difficult, steaming marsh, today talked with your cor~espondent in & grassy hole behind the firing line while the crash of heavy weapons sounded in the trees. He pointed out that lieutenants have been outstanding ·in leadership. "Were it not for Lieut Benjamin Kleinsschmidt (of Oconomowoc, Wis.), silencing a machine gun that was sweeping our crossing of this creek, our advance today would ha.ve been impossible/' he said. Capt. Bradford pointed to his heavily armed runners, Jack Norus, of Effingham, 1U., -and Arlie Dye, of Grand Rapids, Mich. t'These are the fellows that make liaison possible. They are the best runners any commander ever had-at least 1 think so," 11 And that is the best jungle fighter here," he said, pointing to Lieut. Rogers Upton, o! Utica, N. Y. Upton is a narrow-faced, officer, about 26, the direct anti~ :~=~ ~ei!,~e:.::;:r~~!~~ei!e~~:~ Bottcher, of San Francisco. 1~ ,ton aaid: · "We simply used the Jap trick of givi~g 1:h,em bait at the side and then_ shppmg around them and at~ tacking from the ~ear.. Anybody can work these things 1f he has training enough." 2 Courses Enough 0 r the Gene ra l The American commanding 'eral said today: gen- "If I had my way, there would be just two courses taught our men before coming here: The first day they would have scouting a.nd atrol, a the second day patrol '1 20 Minutes Before .; Christmas Day 1,· ,_ l l · i :J Your correspon9,en.t, in pillboxes today, noticed that their bottoms we·re concave making it possible for individuals to Ue as though in catacombs and protected from ,. -A('ffi~ Photo. grenades. . . . . With the agility of a native, In 20 mmute~, it. will b_e Chr1s~Corp. l\Iike Shop, of Kansas City,' mas Day. T~1s 1s ~he writer s l\lo;, climbs this palm in New ;~~~~d t~~c~:!~1v:ei~~r1:1m;;ohat 1: Gmnea to for his Cent;al Malaya. There were g;eet• • ings today from the general on the More munitions came up upon the southern side of the range. backs of bearel'S. A few voices were heard singing Soon the patrol returned with part of .. 'Silent Night" near the the blue of the sea showing over kitchen waterbag. A Jap bomber their grimy shoulders. They were just came over and for once dropin part Wilson Glidden of De• ped nothing-an inverse Christmas troit; Robert Li.egeois, of Marinette, present of y•ar. Wis.; Harold Tigs, of Grafton, Wis., .As for trees, there are billions and Ray Peck, of Green Bay, Wis. of them, but most of them grow "If you don't think those guys downwards or sideways instead of are Marines out there, here's proof," up. The only . one known to be said Walter Brown, of Cassopolis, decorated stands along the bloody Mich., and he handed Capt. Silver air strip among sniper nests. a, battle emb_lem. Inste~d of Bethlehem's sta~ it g:~d~1~:nuts , M u By GEORGE WELLER (Copn,ight by The Detroit News and the Chicago Daily .New•) '1SUl ( WITH THE AMERICAN FORCES IN NEW GUINEA, Dec. 24.(Delayed)-The bitter battle of Euna grows harsher as it progresses. Today on the right flank where the prize is a mud•slogged airdrome with two wrecked Jap fighters on it1 tanks again pushed our line farther up the field in what resembled a bloody gain for yardage upon some incrediable foot ball stadium of enormous size. If there is an uglier, muddier, dirtier, bloodier, hotter way to fight, your mud-lathered correspondent hopes never to be obliged to witness it. Now in the mosquito•filled twilight under a rain-saturated half-tent by gasoline lamp which continually breaks down, making what is written undiscernible, it is im•-r--------------1 possible to do justice to a whole the Australians progressed lP"""fleld two days of sweat and sacrifice of th~ main Buna drome, wi£h the I Ofcewhicn re.'.::-Cl1ed m an o d~iiavtrsmg urn w1m. southeastern noon. end of the strip. In less than 10 minutes this writer thrice sought refuge and engineers dove into the mud as a ·Jap machine gun opened up on the hammering men. They were commanded by Lieut. James B. Doughite, of Murfrees• boro, N. C. This is opener country and the kunai grass here is shorter. Australian tanks made some progress. The Japs possess !Several antiaircraft guns and high-power machine guns and .a re entrenched in force at the northwestern end of the strip. However, heavy pillboxes on the northeastern side of the nearly mile-long strip facing Semimi Creek are somewhat less formidable. Ser gt. Roy Finch, of New Kirk, Okla., and Corp. Tom Nicholas, of Newport, Ind., made a direct at• tack on the bunkers between the main and dummy strips. "We threw ih ·gi·enEides till they stopped firing," fhey said simply. On the Snan8.nanda front, our sappers gained unexpectedly some 40 yards in this untested Japanese position by meeting in their trench with .Japs and killing four of their engineers. i Yanks Prove Their Mettle as Jungle Soldiers in Steaming Papua I .. .. who lived through the h-1 of New after several enemy groups in a 1 Guinea battles by virtue of what flanking movement which nearly army medical officers term "one resulted in disaster. "They had us nearly surrounded. We caught 17 of those miracles" and, his. left _e~e of 'em bathing in the river and shot out, continues to praise civil- wiped 'em out. But that was only ians who supply blood plasma and the beginning. There were Japs army nurses who hover over war all around us. At times we were casualties in the jungles. tossing grenades at each other He is Lt. Burnham L. Peters of from only 10 yards." , Menomonee, Wis., one of 275 war On the fourth day of the action casualties of the Pacific area who Vos was injured and was being arrived at Percy Jones general carried through the jungle e;n a hospital from San Francisco Wed- litter when the Japs openect a nesday. machine-gun attack. Bullets ripped Peters was moving through the a limb from a tree, he said, dropNew Guinea jungles with the ping the branch across his shrapfamed 32nd division when a Jap nel-riddled abdomen. sniper fired a bullet directly into Tells of Transport Sinkiug. his left eye. The bullet coursed Pvt. Francis J. Brunet, 28, of j down into Peter's skull and lodged Houghton, testified that New Zeanear the base of the brain. land was an ideal place to :fight In a field hospital1 the eye was and Jive. Admitting he left a removed and, days later at Port sweetheart there, Brunet said he 'Moresby, army medical officers re- probably would return for her moved the bullet. after the war and perhaps make "That's when I first thanked God his home there. He was among and the medics," he said Friday. the first troops landed at Guadal• "But for the two of .them I should canal and suffered a bullet wound not be here. And, believe me, those in his foot. sulfa drugs. a!ld blood plasma are The sinking of the troop tra~nsworth a mill10n to the guys o:t,tt j>Qft, former)y the President Coo1• there. The same goes for those ht• idge off New Hebrides was detle army nur~es who do:1't ev:n ,?et scribed by Pvt. Harold Jones, 23, under cover m a bombing raicl. of Battle Creek, who said the d~Backcd by Holland Man. ing room of the ship "split in two" Lt. Osborne R. Vos of Holland, after the liner struck two floatlng who received 16 shrapnel wounds mines. in the legs and abdomen when a "We just jumped overboard and Jap mortar shell exploded near his swam for it," he declared. "The position in New Guinea, echoed Pe- water was covered with oil and, ters' praise. when we finally reached the coral Vos, leading a platoon on a New reefs about a quarter of a mile Guinea trail Nov. 25, found his away, we were a mess. We lost group surrounded on three sides everything but the clothes we were by Jap infantrymen and fought a wearing and, if the marines and two-hour battle he described as sailors hadn't saved a few old "quite a sc,ramble" before retreat- things1 \;e'd have had to go native ing. Vos' unit, counting one dead for a whi1e. We looked like the and only two wounded, left more devil for a few days." than seventy-five dead Japs in the jungle, he said. · Vos said his outfit had been isolated 12 days in the foothills of the Owen Stanley mountains and had ben given up for lost. Lauds Charlevoix Private. t,I recall one day Pvt. Orin Sutton, a Charlevoix machine-gunner, was dozing off when a Jap ran from behind a tree, bayonet outstretched, ready for the kill. Sutton rolled over, grabbed his pack in one hand and sank it into the 1 that ended this Christmas Eve. Our very boots, mud~soaked and gulping as we walk, deny that any• thing like justice can be done by anyone who has plugged miles through mud, bounced more upon the hot griddle in front of the jeep, his feet on the bumper, both hands on the stretcher of a badly wounded man, lain in mudholes and talked with scores of men entering or emerging from the battle. Leading Figure I tt: f~e~~c:::rso~t fna::r ~~~c:!r:. In bunkers upon the other side still with Jap blankets pinned against the low-hung walls of palmetto1 resistant to our mortar fire, we talked with Sergt. Adam Bennett, of Oshkosh, Wis.; Edward Solaway, of Detroit; Ezra Easter, of San Diego; Philip Clark, of New London, Wis., and a little blue-eyed scrapper named Orville Bainter, of Spokane, Wash., with a tommy gun nearly as big as his torso. uP t: f~~a~~ in Mission Thrust m~~e ~;:c;a~on;:;!f One of the principal figures in today's sharp thrust toward Buna )Usslon wal!!I M'aj. Benjamin J. Farrar, of Short Hnls, N. J., a. solid, tubby man with a determined, thick upper lip, whose thorough 1 ~!~Ia;es~:Jb!!Y iorml~~o~~v~~= shz~t b~~1~~n;oo~~ietly in the trench, we crawled out a.nd everyone took over behind piles of captured Jap stuff, including beautifully chrdm.ed radio r':ceivers captured from the Jap ms.rmes. Sniper's Bullets !:C~i:i,~e:se :~~ckl;a~::~~~cr~;!:~ flanking the so-called "island." 0Spray trees" h83 been the order of the still nameless American general commanding both the Australia.n and American forces here, and this order has been punctiliously observed. Twice today your correspondent Runner Edmond Warren, of Billings, Mont, his shoulders heavy with ammunition burst over the .d d fl ' b • s1 e an . ~pped down es1de us. That snipers bullets sang whlng, whing overhead. Your correspondent crouched behind the battered, Whine Overhead ~~f!:!i ~f:ea:·f~!ic1;;u~~~~~!~~ rusty cookstove that apparently! the island, once in a squashy, mud- had falle~ through the roof of the smeared rubber boat run upon native hut, on stilts, above us. wires by an infantryman crouching "Think I've got some luck with i 1;ri~~~ snipers," 0 ~1:ic;he0 ; : : 1~ea :;~;~~\1 built by engineers. Both times the bridge and boat were under fire. They were constructed under fire. So was another bridge also needed to approach this labyrinth of entrenched Japs on this marshy tongue of land, partly coconut palms, which Qccupies the western side of the outthrust camp between Buna Village and Buna Mission, and called government gardens~ Engineers Under Michigan Sergeant It ts simply more . . stinkini Papuan swamp. Thts bridge buildIng was all carried out by engineers under Sergt. Albert Texmunt, ot Gladstone, Mich. His unit is commanded by. Lieut. Edwin Kohen of Calumet, Mich. Crossing, lying half-crouched in the palpitating_ ru~ber boat with its mud-filled mtenor, the writer followed the men commanded by Capt. John L. Lehight, of ~ary, Ind,, as they , crept metbodtcally and darted qmckly from tree to treed.h El verbyhi_nadn nea rby laythht ka mu· 0 e e m a 1og or 1c • veined tree ~hile the r~in pattered on green sh1rt_s E-ou_r with sweat. As we lay m th~s forward post food was drag_ged m by James E. Gordon, of Chicago, and_ John Le~ face, of Escanaba~ Mich. Then w~ •pent several mmutes under a thick tree with Corp. Chester Curti•, of Niles, Mich. There was a Jap sniper on the of the kunai patch and ~ trees between ourselves s~id black-bearded 1 31yea~•?ld Vmcent Ru~so, ,.~f 8072 thoughtfulness of the America Prairie street, Detrort, in that soldier ~~~~pti~e r~~~v ~f!t f:lr_er th ere. Thei~ patrol had h_een successfu "U th , t d . h Paul Legerholm, Chicago sank o . sua 11 Y ey re s rappe wit, one knee beside the caPtain an th eir guns in th e trees so you cant drew out a cigaret. ever tell \~hen you ge~ th-em be- "It will take time to clean ou ~~rse n~t~ng outj said John a11 those Japs on our flanks bu .. I /~ t~~neth; a. . we are getting into our stride now, . a. .1s ,,.,.ng 10 c1ear he said :-~fcn~~~h~~ei~ nt!~~Ji~.dT~~!s~e~! _ o;er · in Government G9:-l'den three Japs They worked tog th " there .was an almost continuou • . e er. thrashmg of tommy guns. ~usso contm~ed_: . Standing later betWeen the Amer· Two Jap sm~ers chmbe? a tree can cemetery wilh its rows o an_d made a . kind of hoist. The mounds and the Japs' with thei ~e~ [h~n~s tip b? l ropte tto anonym'ou~ sti~ks thrust . th ~ • a c e e W. ? e s un. · ground, this writer saw a w1rrawa I coul~ see them f1ll1~g their of that high-hearted clan which i pockets wi th what was hoi 5ted up. often over the enemy lines, descen J:pee~ !~~y d;~!,e~heo~~p;o~~s th~:~ ing in a low sweep. trees together to make a kind of ha~e~!!e Sw~nihof ~oltwater, Mich bower and cover them completely, fire to ;ur~~n a ~o~~d:~ ti~;;:a,e One fell when I shot and all were "Budd ?" ''Hell no I d 't gone in the morning, when I could know hi~· name" S~an s~~d eve first see, except the dead one." The struggle 'for the m~i~ at strip was nonetheless exciting upo Go Over the Top the right, or eastern flank of th Buna front, which is now shorten an Reach the sea in length upon the sea to abo On this flank the Americans have one and one-half miles but ls ma been meeting principally Marines times that much walking arou • ' the circumference In ·the last t as proved by th8 anchor wi th a days we have gained nearly 1,5 five-petal blossom found on the yards of the main strip althoug ground. But the Marines also have Jap snipers are holding down t a splay-toed sneaker tabi made for infantry following the tanks, tree climbing. lateral fire from the trees. Suddenly a single tommy gun • barked and immediately it seemed Machine Gun Opens that every ditch, tree trunk, ridge B "d B "ld and bunker burst with fire. There On rt ge Ul ers was a fusillade in which the Japs' A highlight was another brid return was indistinguishable from which the cap,,---.___,,.,,'-" ours. Then those ::rby went over put across the , ~~t° :u;! d tt~s in �American soldiers playing a gai1~e "pepper" in a New Guinea village during off hours. The balls used in '· pepper" are unhnsk;:i" ~0 ~;;~~t~.N,. , - r Sight-Seeing in New Guinea---Americans on Leave Pay Visit to a Native Village . ~7". AalOClat.ed PreN Photoe .-----,,,.......~----; American soldiers, on leave from the fighting front in New Guinea, arrive at a native village during a trip down a pver. The native1 put out in small boata to creet the AmeriQUIB. Two American sergeants in the aight.aeeing party watch a native ~ in theiJ: "front yard," �- THURSDAY, MARCH 4, 1943 ALLIED AIRMEN SMASH 22 JAP SH IPS, WIPE OUT 15,000 -MEN ~-~--- -- ---- ----- --- - --- As the Allied- aerial onsJaught 1 vas stepped up, the weather :Ieared somewhat, _permitting th! ~;{~·d: : :~:i: :::•co::::h : : r lf:£):!:-i!~ ~:a~h ;!s!~:leen;:! t. "Enemy MacArthur Deals Enemv Major Defeat in Battle Ten Warships, 12 Transports Sunk· or Sinking in S. Pac·ific air coverage became :~~~e;caf::~edw:::e~isp!~~el;° ;:! ''SUNK OR SINKING" 1 "They represent tonnage esti9 flnally his remnants, isolated and ~l~t:~ea!u?Jr:ti:nai~~~- o,OOO tons. mations as we sent them into combat," the communique declared in graphic account. "The air coverage of this na':al force has been decimated and d1spersed, 55 of his planes having been shot out of combat and many ~f1:i~~er~;• o:rer:uc~:::~:ll~ir afo~i: f;;,~~~ ALLIED LOSSES LIGHT ~!~i::t~:m:~ed~ ~~sbg:~~~ "Our loss. es were light, one bomb- I destined to attack in New_. Guinea er and three fighters shot down have been sunk or killed almost and a n~mber of ot~era damaged to a man. but returned to ~ase. "The original convoy of U Gen. MacArthur himself de!§hips was joined durln~ the clared that " a merciful Proviafternoon by eight other vesdence must have guarded us in (W}s. Our air fonP in all catethis great victory.'' I gories constant!;\' at ta ck e d The communique asserted that throughout the day and shill "our decisive success cannot fa1i By VERN HAUGLAND ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA, (Thursday, UP)-A deadly, efficient aerial armada of Allied planes has almost completely destroyed a powerful Japanese convoy in one of the greatest triumphs of the war, sinking or dis• abling all 10 of its warships and all i2 of its transports, beinf ~.t least is completely disWiJJing out 15,000 troops aboard, "almost to a man" and loca ~d. . downing 55 protecting Nipponese fighting planes, Allied head• This ;'as the convoy which ~ad quarters announced today. been sighted !do.nda{ advancmg All 22 ships of the convoy, totalling 90,000 tons, were sunk fro~ New Bntam oward New or left sinking, with "this major disaster" inflicted upon the Gumea, protected th e~ by foul enemy at the astonishingly low cost of only one Allied bomber weather t?at keJ?t Alhed planes from blastmg at 1t for more than and three fighters Jost, the Allied noon communique asserted. a full day. GREATEST AIR FORCE VICTORY FIRST ATTACK The battle was believed here at headquarters to be the ... On Tuesday Allied aircraft greateset victory ever achhwed anywhere- by purely air action braved the rains and clouds to 0 0 against a naval surface force. ::teshc~~:i~:e~ : ; ~ 4w~~1!s~\!:~~ The convoy was s~ashed in assaults throughout Tuesday ing or damaging four of them. and yesterday, despite bad weather, as it headed toward New 1 I , Eight more vessels joined the Guinea to reinforce Japanese troops at Lae, and although the I enemy colum? yester~ay afte:nooi:i, communique declared that all the ships 0 are sunk or sinking" , th e communique said, makmg it it did not divide the losses. ' ~~=r ofdi:,:t~oesJ ~~we::i~lg cot~~~~: A spokesman at headquarters estimated that possibly sev• to the New Guinea land battleera! thousand Japanese naval personnel died in the wreckage front. of tl\e convoy, in addition to the 15,000 troops aboard, as the "The battle of the Bismarck sea now has been decided,'1 the comAllied planes hurled down more than 100 tons of bombs upon munique said. the ships. ''We have achieved a victory ''MAJOR DISASTER" FOR JAPS ot such completeness as to as- 1 or the Japanese to send out aerial >rotection for the convoy. In a pre-dawn raid, the commu• ;i.ique said, attack units bombed the ~e airdrome from low level, and 'ighter-bombers returned during ~he day~ith strong ~scort to dive.. bomb and strafe the field. Seven enemy fighters were declared downed in air battles. The Allied aerial fleet was active elsewhere, too, attacking 0 the re maining portion" of the town o Debo in the Aru islands. demolis ing buildings in that town whi has already suffered devastating tacks~ Raids also were made on :~a~~:~~i::a_~ upon Finschhaff Allied headquarters also announced that British Spitfires have joined the air war in the southwest 1 Paciflc, and that they have achieved notable successes. ''Enemy air coverage became 1 A spokesman at 4,llied headquarweake1· and weaker; his forces ters said some of the convoy might [more scattered and dispersed; and have been able to reach Lae if the finally his remnants isolated and ships had not spent so much time bewildered were gradually anni~ on dispersal while under air attack. hilated by our successive air forWELL PREPARED mations as we sent them into com~ bat. He added that 1•our air losses were so l!IIDall because of the planes ALLIED LOSSES LIGHT and the pilots and the breaksplus thorough preparation." e/~n~-;~:::\wg~~=r~i~~~t°::::~!d The intention of the convoy was a number of others damaged but ' properly diagnosed, he continued, returned to base. and the Allied air force conditlone and prepared for the attack. "Our decisive success cannot 0 '.t'he convoy which had proceede !:~~stoo!a;:em;:!!;:~ froll)t Rabaul and other strong and tactical plans. points ill New Britain along- the "His campaign tor the time north coast of New Britain · wen through Vitiaz straits where th being at least is comp!etel7 first attacks were made, an dislocated." reached the Huon gulf in the La The convoy was attacked a• It Calamaua area before the final, scattered in a wide area oft smashing blows were dealt. Finschhafen, New Guinea, and The 55 enemy 'Planes shot do supposedly was bound for Lae, on in combat included 13 on Tuesday, the Huon gulf, now being slowly and 42 Wednesday. Of the total threatened by Allied ground force• 33 were confirmed as definitely de~ sume the proportions ot· a major coming up from the Papuan pe,.. stroyed, and the other 22 \';ere "We have achieved a victory of such completeness as to asdisaster to the enemy. ms ninsula. listed as probables, the headquarentire force was practj.cally de. convoy first was sighted 1The sume the proportions of a major disaster to the enemy,'' the ters spokesman said. The comstroyed. Monday afternoon but bad weathel' comn:rnnique declared, and tbe whole convoy "was practically munique listed all 55 as 1 'shot out •'His navy component consisted , preven~ im~te attack. Bl!_t destroyed." of combat." 0 of 22 vessels, comp~·ising 1~ trans- ~e~:fst~~:na::z~a~1ldrt~!i:~e~\ ~~: The triumph was believed by obJUtlcd headquarters estlm.ated J port~ and 10 warshtps-crmsers or olanes out Tuesday morning. In servers here to indicate a reduc•15,000 enemy grormd troops pon in any threat of immediate at,..; destrn_yers. . lhe initial attacks, despite the [ were aboard the transporte, (~his was an _mcl'ease upon bad weather, four cargo or transtack upon Australia, and a. con and these "have been sunk or earher repo1·ts which had placed :,ort ships were hit and sunk or siderable setback in the enemY, killed almost to a man." the convoy total at 4.) eft In a sinking condition. preparations "in readf oi:" All categories of A 11 i e d air which the Allied ('~ strength joined in lhe mighty aswarned March 1. sault that smash~ the convoy, Tht! battle was so e:,hitting ship after BlliP with bombs so many planes and oosed from low 41Utude. _ _ _ _ _ _ _._-,.hat observation ,_______ tetailed re o '~:: .~i?•::~:f:l~:;~l~: : ~!:i2 ~~1::~.::~ ~:.~.":.!.:gi~1! I I :!:~;~; l -----~-~-= l I �.1edA.1rmen 'ShOt theworks, tO :Bismarck !! ::~r:.:.o~ -;,~-~~~i:~a~:B-17~~~ri:v£ t~~!~::nlri::ifJr:~y ]:. h·1p Japs ·,n B·1sm ar·ck Sea v·1ctory ~::as!11i,~;er;. 1!;: r (Continued from Page 1) ~":k. which sought to stop th• ~ 5 bo~b!'!~~~r':i; ~ 1 ~~o~~d t~e h~ ~~~•::r~:1 0 JaXt .3 -1, · If-3- r:;~· carrying th~t I 1,000-pound bombs scored two hlts near misses on By MUBLIN SPENCER ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA (Saturday) (AP) Lieut.-Gen. George C. Kenney's Allied air force in the southwest Paciftc "shot the works" when it destroyed a Japanese convoy of 22 ships in the Bismarck sea, offlcial reports recounted today, Xhe reports of the bomber pilots who participated in the overwhelming victory were released at Gen. MacArthur's headquarters, 1 on a destroyer which stopped still showing the sul!ltained hitting with flames pouring from its decks. power throf{tl against the convoy, At 3:15 p. m., B-2.5's, thler particularly during the height of heavy machlneguns blazing, the battle Wednesday. strafed and bombed and scored 1 Between 10 a. m. and 3:05 p, m. four hits on a large transport Wednesday, at the peak of the which exploded, broke Into attack, the Allied planes hit the \ flames and apparently~ sank; convoy with everything they had, four hits on a destroyer which these reports said. caught fire; and hit a transport. a 5,000 to 6,000-ton merchantman which exploded and I burst into flames; one hit and two near misses on a burning destroyer; strafed other vessels and lifeboats; were attacked by 20 Japanese fighters and destroyed four and damaged one. The attacks continued until late in the evening and then resumed the next day. · ~!~: s!~:: The leader of the group reported a/~h: r::r°\~etti;!a~;: Following are other official re- th at vessels a nd personnel in th e of planes hit the Japs. Some of INTENSI~Y OF ACTION ;;~:Fi::~:}i~: ;~~i~: 00 ri;ts~ctf:~~ing the intensity of ;;.~ At 10:10 a. m. a heavy force of rounds of _50 caliber machinegun ~~:b~~~:r~!s oC::b~~g o!O~p::: bullets foun~ their _mark among chantman, one hit and two near ;_w:.:~n;n::pi:t~dwnai:~ misses on a destroyer which start- ber of p_38 Lightnings tackled ~~a;o n::::e~e; o:w~ :~iio-r:nd !i°e~~j from 15 to 20 Zeros and damaged chantman which caught ftre; one six of them. F t hit and three near misses on a At S:20 hip. m., thror resses transport, two hits and a near ! scored a t and t ee near miss on a 3,000-ton merchantman mistchses onl ba des trhoyer and . wa ed t urn; ree near which exploded, a near miss on misses on a 5,000-ton merchanta medium merchantman and two man which exploded. hits and two near misses on a The Fortresses, which . were merchantman. bombing from a . low altitude, At 10:20 a. m. a number of dropped low to strike four merBeaufighters joined the action and chantmen and five boats, then destrafed a transport and three mer- stroyed three of from 15 to 20 chantmen. At 11:15 a. m. B-25 Mitchells strafed lifeboats and liferafts which were appearing in the water, scored a hit on a 6,000 to 8,000-ton merchantman which was left in a sinking condition, enconuent eurted sixaczt,·eorno.s and knocked I Jax:~~~; -------------·I Where Allies Smashed Jap Convoy American and Australian air forces smashed at a Jap convoy headed for New Guinea and completely dcs.(~oy}'d 10 wanhips and 12 transports. Allied headquarters in Australla estimated more than 15,000 Jap troops perished ln the disaster, Four Allied planes were lost and 8Z enemy alreraft were shot out of the fight. O 0 01 JAP FIGHTERS BAN At 3 :03 p. m., A·20's moved into Allies ·Intend to Wipe Out Island (Bv United Pre11S.) Tokio radio has told the Japanese people that American and British troops intend to land In Japan and "wipe out completely the entire Japanese race," the federal communications commission had reported Friday. The commentator was identified as a Lt. Gen. Ishimura, a veteran of the Malayan campaign. "The enemy is now frantic in preparation and expansion of mili• tary strength, and in event they effect a landing in Japan," he i;aid, "they intend to wipe out complete11y the entire Japanese race." I NEW YORK (AP) - The Tokyo radio beamed a broadcast to the United States Saturday quoting Premier Hideki Tojo as saying: "Nineteen forty-three is the year in which the issue of the World war must be decided." \\' He was speaking to the Japanese )st.. diet in resf)onse to · a resolution 1 sherl!.., urging "that the strength of the pr funds, Wh nation's fighting power be inw '° ~ c r e a s e d . ~~~~e~Ji, New Guinea Climate .Lfllows · Almost Year Around Combat . Washington - (SS) - The apIn outline New Guinea I"esembies gcth;;- with- the ~ Bisma~ ~ proach of spring in the northern somewhat a gigantic lizard, look• Solomon islands, includes 70,000 ing westward, with its head al• square miles of mainland and 23,· hemisphere will have little effect most touching the equater. Its 300 square miles additional on the · on the importance of New Guinea shoulders are slightly hunched in islands. Its capital is Rabaul, on In the Pacitic warfare. New Guinea the direction of Japan. Ita tail, the New Britain, at present OCJilUp1edlies too close to the equator to ha'\te part called Papua, extends toward by the Japanese. Its population marked seasonal changes. It is the southeast, ridging up into the includes about 6,000 Caucasians summer there all the time. The Owen Stanley Mountains. Port and 500,000 natives. extreme northern point of the is• Moresby is on the south side, Buna Land at Many Places. land is just to the south of the on the north. From a strategical standpoint ,.equator, the southern extremity is It is a sparsely populated coun• New Guinea is both a menace and :'only 12 degrees south of it. try, with about as many persons in a protection to Australia. An in• The snow•capped mountains in the entire area as are now in the , erny can land forces at many New Guinea prevent the high tern.. District of Columbia. The popula- places along the unprotected peratures that one might expect tion is estimated to be less than northern coast line, but a mech· so near the center of the torrid a million, of whom only about lO,· anized army cannot cross over the zone. A high mountain. range ex• 000 are Europeans. The rest are high mountains and through the tends almost from end to end of mostly natives. Among them are jungles to the south side, except the island. It has many high some of the most primitive people on the P~uan end. The Japs tried I ~1eaks, several more than 15,000 in the world. thls, crofting from Buna to with• 'et high and two at least with Have Much Gold. in 40 miles of Port M.oresby, where .4 [;~~r~ort~h=~~ ~~s1:~ Agriculture and mining are the they ,vete repulsed. . "regions are the hottest parts of principal industries. Coconuts, ca• If the Japs had taken Port Mores• cao and coffee are the largest ag• , by they still could not easily have the country. They are covered ric~ltural exports. New Guinea 1invaded nearby Australia from with dense tropical jungle. On the f th th t b . higher lpountaln slopes and plateus furnishes a considerable portion o ere, as e grea arrier reef, the wcrld's supply of gold. Natives extending 1,200 miles along the the veg'etation is more like that of d th old fields Australian east coast almost from 1 JEurop-e and America. Above the are emp oye m e g · snow~ine at an elevation of 14 500 From Cape York penmsula, Aus- the New Guinea coast west of feet; littie or no vegetation exists. \ tralia, it is but a hundred 1:11Ies Morestly, would have been in the Except on the low coast lands and across the shallow Torres stra_1t to way. on the high mountains the temper- the southern coast of New Gumea, The value of Port Moresby and ature ranges from 72 to 92 degrees and about 300 miles northeasterly the eastern peninsula of New Fahrenheit' daily with very little to Moresby. From Moresby . to Guinea to the Japs would have . variation thro·ughout the year. Buna is approxi~ateJy 100 miles been that control of it, together - • by air, but considerably more by with control of New Britain and Largest Island m World. the circuitous route over and the Solomons, would have given New Guinea is the largest island through the Owen Stanley moun• them control of the northern Coral in the world, if Australia and tains. sea and permitted attacks to be Greenland are regarded as contiw New Guinea is cut up into three launched against the southeastern nents. It is approximately 1,500 political divisions. The western Australian coast, south of the great miles in len?th. In area it is near• half belongs to The Netherlands. barrier reef. ly three times the size of the The two eastern divisions are un~ For the united nations, Port British Isles. It contains an area der British control. The southern Moresby and Buna, together wJth about equal to that part of the part of it is Papua. The nortl.east- 1 the Solomons, are excellently loUnited States north of the Poto- erµ part and the neighboring is- cated as bases from which to bring mac and Ohio Rivers and east' .of lands are under Australian ~ - action to drive the Japs out of the Mississippi, not including date the SOUthom I'.l!olfic. Michigan and Wiscoj sin. It ls Papua has about 90,000 square • 20 per cent larger thah Texas. mlles of territory, with 2,500 Europeans and 275,QOO natives. Man• dated northeast New Guinea, to• :it~~:;:~ I Tojo Wants to Get It . ,t:; Over With This Year,/'' 0 ta~:e ~u8;:~:~s reports showed that individual ships were hit by ~ur bombers. 1 A spokesman discl~sed mean• while that American, Dutch, Australians and British all took part in the spectacular victory. They put the finishing touches to the destruction of the convoy Friday by sinking two battered destroyers and shooting down straggling Jap planes, bringing the score for the three.day battle to 12 transports and 10 warships sunk, 15,000 Japanese troops and several thou- · sand seamen killed and 82 enemy planes destroyed or badly damaged. From the New Guinea front, As• sociated Press War Correspondent Tom Yarbrough reported that American bombers and fighters. searching for remnants of the con-j voy in the Huon gulf Friday, found at least 10 square miles littered [ with wreckage and several hundred Japanese clinging to ''anything afloat." the attack and scored two hits on destroyers with medium bombs. / See BISMARCK-Page 8 1 3-11-¥-3 IwJ;~s'f~1ap;;nes; l~:mo:,~~t~~~n~:;1:n~~:t~~:\i:: fuel and reload with bombs, then �l EXTRA THE MUSKEGON CB __J Eighty-Sixth Year I Muskegon, Michigan, Monday, July 26, 1943 ASSOCIATED PRESS I ( ) . In Happier Days l\Allies Strike By Air With Pent-Up Fury 11 BrokenMussoliniGoeslntoShadows IIShattering Blow Handed Enemyi By Crisis in Italy German and Italian Industries Bombed; Foe Clings to Bare Corner of Sicily. Badoglio, Fascist Foe, Appointed Prime Min~ ister; Says War Continues and Calls Upon Italians to Rally Around King; but Opening Rome Peace Move Seen. Bl· GAYLE TALBOT Associated Press \\Tar Editor The downfall of the pompous, strutting former newspaper editor who for 21 years has been master of a nation came on an explosive week·end during which the Italian mainland shuddered to the impact By 'RUSSELL LANDSTROM of Allied bombings and Axis troops clung to a bare corner of Sicily under the hammering of American, British and Canadian forces. From the west, at the sc1me time, the great Allied aerial fleet was renewing its onslaught against the Germany of Adolf Hitler, the man who led Mussolini into the war and lo political death. Striking with pent•up fury after a period of poor flying weather, u,e RAF hit the great German shipping and submi:trine buUding center of Hambrg with 2,600 tons of bombs Saturday night - the heaviest raid in history and j I ~'esterday American flying for~ I tresses followed up with da:ylight r1ttacks both on Hambur:--· and on I London, Monday, July 26-(AP)-Benito Mussolini's 21 year~ of Italian dictatorship and international bullying ended sensaa tionally last night when King Victor Emmanue]e deposed him and installed Marshal Pietro Badoglio as head of a military government "to stand against those who have wounded the sacred soil of Italy." A royal proclamation announced Vittorio Emmanucle had assumed supreme command of all . . . Italian forces. It was preceded 1ly deter~orated s1i:ice he led his th by an announcement that the ~~u~i:6. into war m e summer King had accepted the "resig- Bactoglio, long out of favor with nation" of the man whom the Fascists, had been reported a Prime Minister Churchill term• likely successor t? Mussolini once ed Adolf Hitler's "tattered ::ce~ountry decided to sue for lackey." However, crushing Axis defeats in Sicily and swiftly rising Allied threats to the Italian mainland supported the belief. that ''Musso~ lini actually was dismissed by the The Jittle King and Badoglio took over Italy's destinies at & fateful moment. Naples, Leghorn, Rome, San Grnvanni, and other Italian cities are heavily damaged by Allied h.mg,. bombers. The people are war .. T~e 71•year~old Badoglio, called weary and hungry. out" of retirement to become the lta1ian morale is at a new Jow sai• r: - �II Duc.e Onl y 12~ 1 t o "'Rf'lur u wep t A way W •th I 12 of the 700 hom bers failp f'd .to. re~~rn to England, . a loss _f so ms1gmf1cant by comparison to those incurred in previous mas,; War That Seemed Sure was as good as o,·er. Mussolini raids OYer the Reich as to sug~est . . looked smart.. tllat G~rn,,.any's defense aga1~st Gambl e for Mussolini I Tragic for Ita ly the All1cs sledgehammer aerial . f By contrast, ,the realities pro,·ed blow~ y:as weakened out of all reB eCOffieS T raglC Of great and tragw. for Italy. cogmt10n. . . . p 1 Far fro~ ol~ta1mng any of her I It was all OYer 111 w:stern S1 ~1a 1an eop e. coveted obJecti\es, Italy s?on be- ly exce~t for the co~ntmg of pr:s, came shackled m the Mcd1terran- oners. Yesterday .f1:lhed headquartBy_ CARL C. CRA~.:'IIER i ean more sec~rely than ever, her ers took a breathing spell to an.Associated Press Cable Staff n:~t not daring- to come out. of nounce only the _fall of T~apam, "Now the die is cast, and our Ih.iding for months after ~he first Ilast of three maJor. ports m th e will has burned our ships be- · dt:_a~trous encounters with the weste.rn ,end of Lh~ i5 la nd , to th e hind us:" IButish. . . fast-moving Amen can 7th army '---.._Tt was June 10, 1940, an_d Pre- " Her empire was,, to r n 1_nto . of Lieut. Gen. George S. Patton, m~r Benito . Mussolini of It3ly, s~r_eds a nd ta.tters • ~s Pnme I' Jr. . . chiJ\ outthrust and fists resting ~1"imster <".::hurchill pron:iised. ItalDispatches from A~s0?1ated on ips in characteristic trucu- i ian. Somaltland. and Ent_rea ~vere Press correspondents ~nd1cated Jent ose, was announcing the soon ~oi:ie, Haile Sela_ssl~, who1:1 \~a.t American forces rushrn~ down famou 1 'stab in the back"-Italy's ~1:ussohm on~e could m~mlC. n:oc~- Stclly's northern coastal highwa y entranc into the second World mgl_Y took his throne ll1 EthIOpia hB:d reached . a point within 55 War in ,what appear ed to be the , agam on ~ay 5.. 194~. The ge~s miles of Messma, only escape port dying h~rs of France. Ill of ~he . empire, Cirena1ca and Tri- Lo the Italian mainland now re. w r polltama, eventually followed. Far maining open to Axis troops. The Never d\d a d g~rr;_b~e tfn t at from being a bright. new jewel British Eighth army battling fo r 0 ~1e~\! dsi uebe~:n J~hemdo~~m.._::rsd 1in the empire's crown, Tunisia be- Catania on. the E~;t c~ast, also . f It ,· f . h. h 1Came the dust~ dead -end of a l was approximately 55 miles from s_p1ra 1 o . , a 1.\ s _ortu_ne; ."'' ic long retreat which in its entirety Messina. '1tesul l~edhm\ lll1e ctAll1.ect 'smals,ont of spelled the greatest Italian ctefeal Bombers of lhc Allied North a Ys ome an rn ic1 Y wo · c • d r.; I · . • short weeks ago and the swift · smce aporetta m \Vorl \ ar · Af_ric8:n comman_d. main~amed the~r crash of MLt;solini's personal caUnprepared, war -weary, badly cnpphng offens1\e agamst Italy s reer \ \ led, Italy proved herself far from air and rail arteries. Unescorted Tl~e appointfr ~nt. of the career dynamic in big league war. Though flying fortresses winged 1,500 army officer M~t ' hal Pietro Bado Mussolini had boasted of 8,000,· miles roundt.rip on Saturday lo , ·;, · ·. · • glio as the ltalia:1 Premier ap- 000 bayonets, he was unable to explode an ammumt10n tran and par~ntly means thll,. the Fascist mobilize an army anything like pulverize crowded freight yards at party in Italy has'° been swept that number of troops when it Bologna in Northern Italy.. away along with It D\ 'ce came to the showdown. Bologna an inland o1 ty 90 Mussolini went out }es~ than a - ----miles northeast of the nav3.J base week after 'Rome was ~,mbcd on Iat La Spezia, had not previously Monday. i been bombed by the North African force An official announcement , _Confide n t a nd Sul ~ . . said lhat a "lar e ro ortion" of Conf!dent and_ sure, I'ij_-·ussolim Irolling stock in gth? ciiy•s crowdtold his people m 1940 tl .1.t "v:1e cd ra"ilway yards was destroyed. are descending to bat\ ~fields . - -. against the plutocratic re\ ction- By THE ASSOCIATE D r Rk.ss Other Alhed bombers )ashed ary democracies." ' . . .? (Southern Italy, con~entrating on ;; ,.,. . Wha_t becomes ?f M~ssolm1 . railroad yards, repair shops and f 1ghters of land, sea and air, The1 e was nothing from Rome airdromes and smashing at the blackshirts. of the revolution and last (S~i:1) night to in~icate what source any attempt by the Axis of the legions, me1: and women fate awaits the bulgy dictator who to move any considerable reinof_ Italy, of the em~1re ':'-nd the rose ~o SL_Ipre~e power by the cas- lorcements or supplies to its corKingdom. of _Albama,. listen. he tor 011 his adJ~tants. ~orced do:Yn nered army in Sicily. Photographs declared m his theatrical manner. the throats of his poilllcal enemies. showed many Itali an rail yards But one order - "Conquer" It aMounced merely that in complete ruin. he shouted with a sweepmg ges- the little Hallan Kmg had accepted RAF lancasters, flying back to ture. Mussolini's resignation. There ap- England from North Africa, The French b·eaten, were aban- parently were no words from Mus- pounded Leghorn in the northwest omng Pans that day "Nice, Sa- solm1 m farewell to,,those who fo~ Italian coast Axis E u1ope almost , oy, Corsica, Tun1s1a," Fascist 21 years shouted Duce, Duce, literally was bemg criss-crossed mobs had clam01ed whene he appeared, arms akimbo, bJ' the great Allied bombmg fleet. It looked as though Mussolm1 on his famous balcony ! Begmnmg w ith Saturday's dn.ymight easily wm what he had There was no reason to believe light raid by Amer Lean flying demanded he was m custody, though he and fortresses on the Germans' big He stood at the top of his ca- Marshal Pietro Badoglto, Italy's submarine and naval base at reer He had bluffed his way new "St_rong Man," long have been Trondheim m the far nor.th of through and won Eth10p1a m 19~5- unfnenoly. Badogl10 scored Mus- Norway, through that mght s and 36 in spite of the British Emp1_re solini from the start of his career. yesterday's attacks on Ha.mburg a n d the 52 n_ations ,~ho had imShould h e decide to flee Italy, and Ki~ l, .the renewed aenal atposed economic sanct10ns. the fallen dictator was handy to tac~ w1th111 24 hours gave. the Th~ough 1935 to 1939 he ha.d the neutral soil of Switzerland. It Axis ~ foretaste of . what ~s to s~emmgly duped French and. Bn- was either that, or appeal to his come in the long w!nter mghts. tish .st~_tesmen. and the non-mter- friend Adolf Hitler for sanctuary F ly 1,8 ~0 ) Ides . . vention cornm1t~ee,. poured_ men, in Germany, . F.orlresses ~vh1ch participated planes and supp1es mto Spam and ---~--m the destructive attack on TrondSf'f'n his man win in a bitter heim fle:v round trip about 1,800 ch·il war. miles, mostly O\'er \\'ater, the \:Vith ease he had annexed Allongest flight yet mafle by Amerbania to the Italian crown in d lican bombers in the European 1939. theater. Another formation flew For 18 years Mussolini's strong rnme 1,200 miles round trip to arm Fascisti had cowed all op- -I wreck a Nazi aluminum factory position. As a re$ult of his sueLondon, July 25-UP> The at Heroya, Norway. Only one cesses, he was at the peak of his great Russian counteroffensive fortress failed to return to Eng',(?pularity_. . _ b~tter.ing upon O~el from three land, and it . landed in neutral o Italians Mussol1111 looked d1rect1ons engulfed 30 more pop- Sweden to be mterned. a winner. The objective, he ulated places and swept forward Describing the record raid on them, was to "break the 2 1·:l to 5 1 '2 miles today, Moscow Hamburg, the British air miniss that strangle us in the announced in a special communi- try said ''it see4ttis to have swamped ierranean." It looked as que, and complete encirclement and scattered ground defenses. 1 Fascism was as dynamic of the great Nazi base appeared There were vast fires, black smoke s..solin i said - that the war only a matt er o! time. rose fo ur miles in to the air a nd I It 1' I I Mus Im'1'' s Fate I I so s Not Ind'1cated · . ~!, was R ,l s A • USS an Frm1es weep orwar •rr h~nnu-es:-4" ___ ceSSeS~~til": M~gh ty Alli ed war fleets roaring ian divisions are surrend7ring, and over\ Italy, increasing defections the civilians are welcomm~ AlliE:d in the Fascist party ranks, ru- troops in unprecedented friendship mored disagreements between demonstrations. Mussolini: and Hitler, and reports Sicilians and Italian soldiers of vtolence and sweeping arrests have been profuse in condemning preceded the announcement. the dictator Mussolini and their World -wide repercussions, espe- German Allies. cially among the German and The number of German troops Japanese AHies, were expected. in Italy is not known. Their pres .. Badoglio signed a proclamation ence long has been a factor in saying the King, who assumed su- consi.deration of any Italian suit preme command of all Italian for a separate peace. But there armies, had given him ''full pow- have been recent reports that Hit ers" to a_ct at a tune when on- ler does not intend to waste too rushing. Allied armies were sweep- many troops trying to defend Italy. ing across Sicily toward the ItalNo matter what course Italy's ian mamland. new leaders take in the war the 11 Duce's fall, ~ith the shad_ow departure of Mussolini is a presof def~at and disaster . hang.mg tige blow to the A.xis throughout . over his country, was w1d~ly re- the world, particularly in the Bal• • ga~ded here as a ~rack m the kans where both Italian and Gersolid front of the Axis. man occupation troops have been Mussolini's r _e signation-probably unable in two years to crush orforced u~n him-after_ more than ganized military resistance. a ' score ' of years of iron-handed Fasci. st Regime in R uins rule probably means the death of " . . . the Fascist party he headed. . Mussolm1 has cr~shed ~nd with _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ By THE ASSOCIATED PRF..8.S Signiticantly, the Rome r~dio ~;~ ~~e i;:~\~~~sc~~:g~~er~~s.~ 1 --which broadcast the proclamat10ns . . . ' . Minister Churchill had offered the German propagandists apparent~ b the King and Badoglio did not on;; official London .source. said. ' Ot ·,·ta!ian people an honorable peace ly were stunned last (Sunday) s(gn off with the usual , Fascist lt seems therelo1eththaAt !talydi ,_ · ht b D' tator Mussolini's days as a member of e xis an With n O r Let ..and a respectable place. in the ~~'t,nfall {n It~fy and they grop- p.a rty anthem, Giovin_ezza. It consequently as a fJg'hting partner ,Europe of the future If they . • . played only the royahst hymn. at Germany's side are numbered b y l' would only dismiss their discred- ed for a me~ns of presertml t~e The broadcasts were recorded by ''No other construction of th~ . ited duce. r~ews to th ~1r ownl pe~~ e. En {, s The Associat~d Press. astonishing sequence of event s is Italv unable to defeat the f1r st tentative exp ana ion er m This sensational turn in Italy's possible" ., • . . blamed II Duce's "health.'' · · . . . - -Gr eeks herself defeated m Afnca N ·1 r h ft R fortunes was a shattering blow to The amazing rapidity with By RICHARD G. )IASSOCK bv the' British her divisions su r dot unti 1.v~ furs a er om~ the Axis partners, Germany and which the Allied troops conquered l?ormer Ch ief of the Associated r;ndering pie'cerneal in Sicil y ;~ ~ tte orifna anntoll:nc~men Japan. all of Africa toppled Pantelleria Press Bureau in Ro m e) mu st be aware that she lacks th~ i er m rad 10 repea it m an There was speculation that Adolf Lampedusa 'and other Mediter~ Washington, ~uly 25-UP) _-Italy military power to resist the Al - f:%fcS:i~nbr;:t c~~~t T~~!e ie~~~~ ~itler might mar~~ rerm~n tro~p~ ranean isla~ds, and then sw~rmed sho we d the fl~St crack U1 th e Ues successfully. homeland had been told lJ1tO. war-we~ryn 1t w t~\ a over Sicily these all contributed dam of her resistance to the ~lVVhat is likely then is a token Transocean Ge rman· News dogl10 warne ta f a iar:i:h ;. an_?' to Mussolini's downfall. lies today and the Army, with . . • ' ' · • . . attempt to 111 er ere Wl IS oronce the northeastern tip of a display of defiance, made . a r~s1stance, smc~ the Army, t y~i- Agency,, quoted_the Italian Stef~m ders would be crushed. Sicily is cleaned up the Italian desperate mo\'e to buttress the l f!cd by Badogho, could ~ot, Wl~h- Agency as saying ~h~,t .~he ~mg Kome's. announcement began: mamland will be only two miles wa r effort. !1onor, . let the c_ountry o~n . y ha~ accepted Musso.Jim s offer to ''The Kmg-Emperor has accepted from the Italian mainland, and . , . . . . _ t~ mediately foldmg up. This 1 e- resign and a ppomted Marshal the resignation as head of the Sicil itself will serve as a huge B~n1to Nlu~soli~i. in a tacit .con s1stance may be expected to last Badoglio as the new Premier, government, prime minister, and . y t h . . . g ltal• fession of his .failure as a dicta• as long as Italian resources in - -- - - -secretary of state, submitted by ~ir base o smas iemam~n tor , stepped_ as1d_e, apparently_ de• 1arms and men hold out. That may l11s excellency Caveliere Benito ian . strength should Ital) choose ,;:crted by Jus fair-weather friend be only a matter of months or t d to fight on. A.dolf Hitler.. . ' even weeks. ' ~~~ 01~~ 1 • t;;ct g~~~~n~fit~ M~rsJ:rnH ~i~tro Ba~oglio, a no1:- T he Allies will insist on uncon• mmister, and secretary of state, fascist m spint, embittered by his ditio nal surrender. That means his excellency Caveliere Pietro treatment at the hands. ~f the llhe Italians must accept the Al~ Badoglio marshal of Ualy." former sergeant, 1v.1ussolm1., too lied terms, without posing any ___ D ismissed b y n D uce command o.l a military govern- cond itions of their own. Superior, Wis., July 26.- (SpeBadoglio, the 71-year-old new ment, 11:1plymg an end to the rule _ ______ cial) - The $1,700,000 u. s. s. Mus- premier, had been dismissed as _ __ of F~sc1sm. . . kegon- a 300-foot. frigate of 1,500 chief of staff by Mussolini Dec. 6, Two young people were instantly This may well be the ftrst step tons- was christened here Sunday 1940. k"ll d rl today when the auto alo'.1g t~~ rocky r~~d tov,,ard Italys as it slid down the ways _to cc1:rry He iss~ed a proclamation to - ~o~ileefn \vhich they were riding uncond1t10.nal. sun ender by . the the name of 1v!uskegon, Mich., 11:1to night tellmg ltahans: . left US-31 three miles north of Army, which IS what the Washingthe war agamst the submarine .. On orders of his MaJesty the M t d sh d •nto a tree ton and presumabJy the London menace in the Atlantic and Pa- King, I am taking over the mili- ~ne:J~~e~~- era e i • authorities desire. It lS a hopeful ciflc. ' tary government of the country Dale G Speid el 23 years old. sign, for the Allies want th e sur___ T.he Mus.Kegon hit the water at with full powers." o:C 604. E L udi~gton a venue. ien~er ~( a defeated army, so th at Allied Headquarters in the 12:58 p. m. (C. ~- T.) He called on 8:11 Italians to L udington·. no lesui gent Fasci st m th e future Southv,.·est Pacific, Monday, July ln an impressive ce r emony wit- ra!.1}~ around the .Kmg;, L ois 1\1. \ Vink.el, 18 yea rs old, m~y a_gam lead th ~ Italians t~ 26-..4>Allied bombers, attack- nessed by several thousand perI he "".ar c?ntu~ues, he add.ed. addr ess not immediately war with the asserti:,01.1 . th ~t th ~J ing Japanese posit.ions in the sons, a bottle of champagne w as '.fhe Kmg m his proclamah~>n learn ed. were undefeated milita rily m South west Paci.fie with ever in- broJ~en aga11:st the ship by ~rs. said f ta_ly, "by the valor of. its The accident occurred shortly W_orld War . II, as. !he. German ~ creasi ng inlens1t:y, yes~erd8.y de- David Hopkms, Muskegon's first a_rmed force~ an~ .the det7rm 1:1a- before 1 a. m. while Speidel and sald t~ey \\ ere milltanly u n d e livered t_he heaviest raids of th e Navy Gold Star_ mother of \Vorld hon of all its citizens, .~ill fmd Miss Winkel were enroUte south feated m World Wa_r ,I. war ~gamst two of the enemy s War S~e 1s t~e mother of a~8:m a way of ~ecovery. on us. 31. . Although Badoglio ~ procla'.11a- most important bases. ~omer David Hopkins, who lost lhese sensat10nal anno~nceInvesti ation of the crash was t1011 ':'Vas double-talk rn WashingMore than 200 American planes. his J1f~ when _the Japanese sunk ments, recorded by The _Assoc1a~ed made b gDe uties Sheriff Edward ton, 1t was taken to mean that swarmed over the key airbase at the U.S. S. Arizona at Pearl Har• Press, may be the opening Italian L , ... Yd JP Ch rr after it Italy would make a last des per• Munda, :Ke\~' Georgia, raining 186 bor. Jy!r. Hopkins and their <laugh - peace moyes. . ~ nnf_ a~ am~sd b e R~Jlie Merr 0 ate stand again st the American tons of bombs upon the Japanese ter , :t;UPn, were present. They came as Alhed_ troops_were ~a~ ~h.[et 1~ e Yh 1 Coroner and British in\'aders, but that the pinned within the airbase by Amer~ Th.e rity of Muskegon was rep- sweepmg acr?SS SICl!Y off the · ~le : marsl a· alled 0 war,. for th~ Italians, would go 1can troops who control the sur- resented Ill tlle ce~emony by City southern Italian . mainland, less ; mas oc. w~~ ~-1 cWinkel'!li 5 1 1 on only until they were force d , ro unding jung le. Manager Roy S. Winters, who pre- than week. after t.he 500-plane k lr coroner h ~ d : S ·ct I by circumstances, to surrender. At the same lime medium sented the vessel wit.h ~wo all - Amenca1: air attack on the Fa~- s. u v..;as crus :bl an k 11 r.fr p~~:e President Roosevelt and Prime bombers and long-range fighters wave _rad10s purchased with con- cist capital of ~ome, and amid die:. ot a r~ss.1 ~ s .;t_ sai~cMiss . m an ned by Australians, swept uP tribut1ons. reports 11:at w idespread pea~e an_ 10 erna. mJuries. e h·ch indithere were many rep orts of V lO• th e coast of New Britain for a . Among speakers on the launch- dem~nstra~1on~. had occurred 111 Wmkel hcarned a ca~ ; ~ of the 1 1 lent explosions." coordin ated dawn attack ~n the mg program as Walter ~utle:", Ita~y s 11;am cities. . . cated ~ e was manane PDetroit. T h e A German broadcast, purpoted- Gasmata airdrome The radio sta- head of the shipyards bearing his Standmg Long D et erioratm g For? ot O r co Y, d t 0 a ly from the center of Hamburg, tion was dest royed and grounded name, where the U. S. S. MuskeThe "resignation" o_f . th e bald, bodi:s were to e remove said at 8 a . m. yesterday: "Smoke aircraft, t he runway, supply dump gon was built. It was the third squat boastful Mu~olmi e nd ed. a Ludm.gton fun_eral home. b.l is so black ove rthe city that it areas and e nemy personnel "thor- e:scort type ;vessel built in the career that began. with the Fasc_ist ~fficers said the autom? 1 e is almost as dark as in the middle ou ghly strafed," the communique Supenor yards. The previous march_ on R ome m 192~. The _in- ~kid~ed 65 to 75 feet before ciash • of the mght. The extent of the from ·General D ouglas MacArthur's shJps were named for Gloucester, terna.t1on a~ _and domestic standmg ~ng mto the tree, It was dem ol damage cannol be • estimated yet,". h ea dquar t ers said. Mass., and Shreveport, La. of Mussolm1, h ow ever, has stead- 1shed. 111111111111 I • T0 ke n Res Is tance Likely Germans Stunned I TO Be M acl e by Ita1·,ans By II Duce Ouster I 0 . Badogho Could N HO Country Down Immediate Fold-up~ r Fr1gate • Muskegon Slides Down Ways .- · ~ri~! • TwO Are Killed Near Montague H eaVleSt . R al"dS I Of War Are Ma de Q J p •• n ap 0s1t1ons 1 1;. ~~ v: t �.JN 1933, Hitler was named German chancellor; Nazis gained power . HITLER CONFERRED with Mussolini whose legions established the Italian empire. Togethe1· they became Axis and began in 1939 conquest of Europe. ; ALLIED CHIEFTAINS met to map strategy, too. Like Hitld met Mussolini to make war for conquest, Roosevelt and Ch1.1rchill met to mak.e war for peace_. H~re is artist's concept ioipf the historic meeting of the President a.n~ prime minister, and Gen. Charles DeGaulle of Fighting French and Gen. Hef"1 Honore Giraud, high comm1ss1oner of :Freench North Africa, near Casablanca in French Morocco. PEACE-LOVING, his hobby is stamp collecting, not conquest of other lands. UP, cock,;; the President in 1939 long was silent on third term plans, NEW ORDER came to. Europe. Behind barbed wire in Norway hre the bare buts of Nazi prison camp which housed 300 prisonrs. They contracted typhus, so were shot. IN AFRICA, British and Aerican troops handed the Axis a major def,,at. These are ruined buildings along watermt of Tripoli. Terrific punishment was given by the R. A. F. to the city when stille]d by Axis. ,., DEADLY Roosevelt in 1942 called for sacrifice to bring vie~ tory in World War II. �/ - THE 1943. MONDAY, MAY 1111 o·· ,I) Jfl ·.:, : ( \, >Ill t :\, 'i N ·. '. ··R ...· i it> ;:'I),, 1\ \II L GRAND T;L; i .- On American Soil and in Foreign Fields - In the Air, at Sea, on Land From the Pearl Harbor Attack, Dec. 7, 1941, to Memorial Day, May 30, 1943 -11 Warmenho,•e.it, Lt. Col. Simon, 33, husband of Mrs. Henrietta (Mantlemaker) Warmenhovcn, 2446 Boule• :,__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___, vard-dr., S. W., and son of Mr. and Mrs. Paul C. Warmenhoven, Sun• ARMY. nyside, Wash. (southwest Pacific). Adsit, Pvt. Howard V., son of NAVY Mr. and Mrs. Leslie Adsit, now of Boynton, Raymou·d n., 19, seaLake Odessa (European area). Avery, Sgt. Walter (La.Faunce), man second class son of Mr and 24. son of Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Mrs. Matt s. BoYnton, 726 VriesAv..,,:y, 1410 Alpine-av., N. W. st., S. W. (Pearl Harbor). . (New Guinea). Brande1, Ens. Bemard B:, ~S, Bake'r, Sgt. Jacob L., 24, son of son of W. A. Brandel, 55 D1ckmMr. and Mrs. J. L. Baker, sr., son-st., S. w .. (Aleutian islands). F~a~cr, Rollin George, 25, boatGrand Rapids RFD No. 5 and .husband of Edna (Helder) Baker, swam s mate first cJass, son of 135 Fuller-av., S. E. (New Guinea). Mrs. Raoul Loranger, Ada (Guam). Fuller, Uaymond B., 21, seaman Baylis, Pfc. James, 21, son of Mrs. Victor J. Baylis, 1323 Hope- second class, son of Mrs. Lillian FuUcr, Grandville (Solomon isst.. S. E. (north Africa). Bostelaar, Pvt. Corncliu.s, 23, lands). George, EuJ,renc F'rank, 16, season of Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Bostelaar, 1020 Hall-st., S. E. (norlh man second class, son of Mr. and Mrs. Harlow George, 129 PleasantAfrica). Brinks, Pfc. \Vi11arcJ H., 24, son sl.. S. E. (Solomon islands). Haveman, John Raymoncl, 23, of Mr. and Mrs. Willard H. Brinks, sr., 826 Thomas-st., S. E. (New yeoman, son of Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Haveman, Grandville (Pacific). Guinea). Luyk, Dan~el, l.8, cook (subrnaBrown, Pfc Alman DeVere, 21, son of Mrs. Ellen (Katzer) See, rine), brother of Hubert and Peter formerly of 120 Fairbanks., N. E., Luyk, 5540 Division-av., S (at now of Kankakee, 111. (New sea). :McGraw, Carl Clinton, jr., 20, Guinea). Buckowing, Pfc. Robert, 25, son fireman second class, son of Mr. and Mrs. Carl C. McGraw, 139 o( Mr. and Mrs. Edward Buckowing, 567 Eleventh-st., N. w. (New Lexington•av., S. W. (southwest Guinea). Pacific). Bush, Sgt. Adrian, 23, son of Mr. Platschorre, Daniel P., 28, seaand Mrs. John Bush, 1313 North- man second class. son of Mr. and Pa u I Platschorre, 238 av., N. E., and husband of Clarissa Mrs. Anne (Parsons) Bush, 245 Lakc- Powell-st., S. E. (Pearl Harbor). Smith, Lawrence, 21, son of Mr. dr., S. E. (New Guinea). Cagle, Pvt. Connie, 22, son of and Mrs. Nathan Smith, Gralfd Mr. and Mrs. Willis Cagle, 618 Rapids RFD No. 4, Townline-rd. Fourth-st., N. W. (New Guinea). (Atlantic). Solomon, Roy Evans, 18, seaDeBoer, Cpl. Gerald \V., 23. son -0f Mr. and Mrs. William DeBoer, man second clas.s, son of Mr. and 927 Ninth-st., N. W., and husband Mrs. William Solomon, 26 Conklinof Beatrice (Lane) DeBoer, 2164 ter.. S. W, (At1antic). !8touten, James, 39, chief petty Division-av .. S. <New Guinea). , ficcr, brother of Mrs. Roy HudDeVries. Sgt. Sidney, 19, son df n, 2237 Stafford-av., S. W .. and Mr. and Mrs. Joseph DeVries, 1144 McReynolds-a\{ N. W. (New l Mrs. Mary Mate, 2019 Staffordav., S. w. (Pearl Harbor). Guinea). lllARINES. Folkertsma, agler, Pfc. Richard D., 11, son son of Mr. __ _.frs. Ruth A. Nagler 446 OakFolkertsma. Dr Boer, Tim Burt, 30, chief signalman, brother of Adrian DeBoer, 1542 Hamilton-av., N. W. (New York, N. Y.), Hall, Ens. Donald G., 23, brother of Mrs. Gerald Keegstra, 1211 Elliott-st., S. E., and husband of Jane (O1s?n) Hall, Benton Harbor (Buena Vista, Va.). :fi:~rc~::: ru 0 s~a~d !~' '!\~:-s:er::~~!~ Harkins, 110 Mack-av., N. E., and son of Mr. and Mrs. M. D. Harkins, Wetumka Okla (Narragansett pay, R.: b. · Rendall, Thomas E .. 33, chief machinisL's mate, son of Mrs. Ellen Rendall, 1739 Horton-av., S. E. (Pacific). Rettig, Robert E., 20, fireman second class, son o( Mr. and Mrs. Frank Rettig, 1'136 WaH,er-a,·., N. W. (Atlantic). Simpson, Ernest A., 28, naval aviaUon, son o( Mr. and Mrs. Oscar Simpson, 1242 Fourth-st., N. W. (Elizabeth City, N. C.). Stone, Lt. Cmdr. George P., 33, son of Mr. and Mrs. George L. Ston_e, 262 Bel-air-dr., N. E. (Cali• forma.), CANADIAN FORCES. Bartnick, Sgt. Vctc Chester, 23, son of Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Bartnick, 539 Lincoln-av., N. W. (Eng• land). I I Missin o- in Action !...----------"" ARMY. Barrett, Lt. Raymond E., 24, son of Mr. and Mrs. George Barrett of Florida and husband of Mrs. Ellen Barrett, 248 James-ac., S. E. (Phil· ippines). Betts, Pvt. Carl J., 26, son of Mrs. Mary Betts. 1818 Division-av., S., and husband of Mrs. Carl J. Betts, Louisville, Ky. (north Africa). Dise, Lt. Henry A., 22, son of Mr. and Mrs. Henry A. Dise. sr., 2719 Byron Center-rd., S. W. (north Africa). Fields, Tech. Sgt. Harley W., 20, so~ ,ofJ,l,lit,:!!:1.d !':)'.~Her~r~ PRE 3S Rose, Staff Sgt. Theron, 28, son 42, brother of Mrs. E. w. Chapof Mr. and Mrs. J. P. Rose, 1920 man, 420 Storrs-st., S. E., and4m~... Walker-rd., N. W. (New Guinea). band of Mildred (Wing) Osborne, Roskamp, P\-·t. Lloyd J., 21, son Richland (Philippines-Japan). of Mr. and Mrs. Peter Roskamp, Pfenning, Tech. Sgt. Elmer E., 24, 1306 Taylor-av., N. (New Guinea). son of Mrs. Clara Acken, 3618 Schondclmayer, Cpl. Bemar<l C., Heron•av., S. W. (Philippines2·1, son of Mr. and Mrs. Corna Japan>. Scllondelmayer, 247 Dickinson-st., Potyraj, Cpl. Frank C,, son of Mr. and Mrs. John Potyra,i, 320 Lane- 11 S. E. (New Guinea). :Simmons, Sgt. Arthur, 22, son of av., S. W. (Philippines-Japan). Mrs. Armina Simmons, 501 Paris- Szymko, Sgt. Roman A., 34, son a,·., S. E., and husband of Mrs. of Mr. amt Mrs. Martin Szymko, Helen (Merryman) Simmons, 509 746 Broadway-av., N. W. (north Africa-Germany). Coit-av., N. E. <New Guinea.) Soltysiak, Sgt. VJncent ff., 26, son Thomas, Lt. Edward E., son of Mrs. Olive Phillips, 232 Jeffersonof Mrs. L. Soltysial{, 1018 Davis• av., S. E. (Philippines-Japan). av., N. W. (New Guinea). VanDuincn, Cpl. Cornelius, 25, Stegenga, Pfc. Donald G., 24, son son of Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Van of Mr. and Mrs. Allie Stegenga, Duinen, 1118 Eastern-av., S. E. 1441 Lee-st., s. W. (New Guinea). (north Africa-Germany). Stoddard, Pfc. Francis J., sOn of Vanoosten, l\laj. A. J., son of Mr. Mr. and Mrs. R. W. Stoddard, 1661 and Mrs. D. C. Vanoosten, 1122 Madison-av., S. W. (New Guinea). Baldwin-st., s. E. (PhilippinesSturgis, Cpl. Richard W., 22, son Japan). . of l\-Ir. and Mrs. Stanley Sturgis, 8 Versluis, P\'t. Jack G.• 24, son of Gold-av., S. W. (norlh Africa). Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Versluis, 57 Sullh·an, Sgt. Grant, 19, son of Auburn-av., S. E. (PhilippinesMrs. Gladys Plitc, 30 Lyon-st., N. Japan). E. (New Guinea). Wheeler, Pvt. Ernest E., 22, son Thompson, Pvt. Russett, son of of Mr. and Mrs. Ernest E. Wheel• Mr. and Mrs. Clifford Thompson, er, 5050 Clark-dr., Comstock Park Grandville (Australia). (Philippines-Japan). Thorpe, Sgt. Gordon A., 21, son Ziombkowski, Pvt. Tony, 22. son of Mrs. Esther J. Thorpe, 627 At- of Joseph Ziombkowski, 1047½ wood•st., N. E. (north Africa). Park-st., S, W. (Italy). Tibbets, Pvt. Donald, Sl, son of NAVY. Mrs. Katherine Tibbets, 621 East- Boer's ma, Sidney H., 35, chief ern-av., N. E. (north Africa). petty officer. son of Henry BoersTichelaar, Pfc. Louis, 24, son of ma, 1115 Tamaraek•av., N. W. Mr. and Mrs. Hans Tichelaar, Ada (Japan). RFD No. 1 (New Guinea). Bosch, Ralph, 32, ship's cook first Vorenkamp, Cpl. Don J., 23, son class, son of Mrs. John VogeJ, 1316 of Mr. and Mrs. Albert Vorenkamp, Tamarack-av., N. W .. and husband 561 Shamrock-st., S, W. (New of Marie Bosch. Los Angeles (PhilGuinea>. ippines-Japan). \Vegcncr. Cpl. Gustave ]{ .. 25, son Cook, \\'alt<'r J., 30, aerographer, of Mr. and Mrs. Fred Wf'gencr, son of Mr. and Mrs. A. E. Cook, 568 Cass-av., S. E. (New Guinea). Cascade-rd., and husband of Mrs. Weibenga, Cpl. Marvin J., fiance Dorothy (Green) Cook', Washingof Dorothy Way, 2124 Eastern-av. 1 ton, D. C. (Wake island-Japan). N. E. (New Guinea). Grant, Marion DeWitt, 31, chief \Vendlandt, Staff Sgt. Herbert, boatswain's mate, husband of Mrs. 26, son of Mr. and Mrs. Paul Alice Anne Grant, 730 Second-st., Wendlandt, Comstock Park RFD N. W. (Philippines-Japan). No. 1 (New Guinea). Rider, Russell Dale, 27, chief yea .. White, Cpl. Jack L., 24, son of man, son of Mrs. Elton V. ShanMr. and Mrs. Charles E. While. 120 non, 1012 Evergreen-st., S. E., and Lamoureaux-st., Comstock Park R. D. Rider, Belleville, Mich. (Philippines-Japan). (New Guinea). Wilbert, Cpl. Herman. son of Mr. !1 II and Mrs. Henry Wilbert, 412 Interned Fifth-st.,N. W. <New Giunea.l Wildey, Capt. Russell J., 32, hus- I' 11 1 band of Mrs. Gilleyn Wildey, 1260 ARMY. Flora~st., N. W. (New Guinea). Meyers, Staff Sgt. Wallace W., 21, Witkowski, Cpl. Charles E., 20, son of Mrs. Reah M. Meyers, 322 son of Mr. and Mrs. Hugo Wit- Spencer-st., N. E. (Spanish Mokowski, 1424 Hamilton-av., N. W. rocco>. (New Guinea). 1.-------------.11 Yonkman, Capt. Robert J., 27, son • of Mr. and Mrs. George Yonkman, Merchant Marine ;;:af.inecrest-av., S. E. (European Grand Rapids Casualties in the Second World War Died in Action RAPIDS r- 1036 While-av., N. W. (New Guinea). Burns, Cpl. Ned, son of Mr. and Mrs. Robert H. Burns, 353 Collegeav., S. E. (Solomons). Carlson, Cpl. Frank J.. 28, son of Mr. and Mrs. Fred Carlson, 609 McKendrick-st., s. W. (New Guinea). Carowitz, Pfc. Anthony G., son of Mr. and Mrs. Ben Carowitz, 434 Harlan-av., N. E. (New Guinea). Cole, Lt. Albert, 23, son of Mr. and Mrs. Claude C. Cole, Cascade RFD No. 3 (southwest Pacific). Croff, Pvt. Clyde J., 24, son of Mr. and Mrs. George Croff, 236 Himes-SL, S. E., and husband of Cora ~Giles). Croff <north,Africa). CzaJkowsk1, Pvt. Bernard T., 2.1, son of Mrs. Lucille Czajkowski, 242 Grand~av., N. E. (New Guinea). Davis, Pvt. Ray \V., 19, son of Mr. and Mrs. Ray C. Davis, 3262 Riverview-av., North Park (New Guinea). DeArmond, Sgt. James A., son of Mr. and Mrs. Elroy DeArmond, 102 Pennell-rd., S. E. (New Guinea). DenBraber, Sgt. James, 25, son of Mr. and Mrs. Marlin DenBraber, 223 Mt. Vernon-av., N. W, (New Guinea). DeVries, Sgt. Gerrit, 28, son of Mr. and Mrs. Joseph DeVries, 1144 McReynolds-av., N. W. (New Guinea). DeVries, Sgt. l\Iilton ff., 24, son of Mr. and Mrs. Homer DeVrics, 2055 Beals-rd., S. W.(New Guinea). Earlywine, Pvt. Clare R., 18, son of Mr. and Mrs. Louis, Earlywine, 904 Arianna-st., N. W. (New Guinea). Evans, Sgt. Ray L .. 21, brother of Mrs. Alice West, 1101 Madison-av., S. E. (New Guinea). Forcht, Pfc. George E., 2'7, son of Zilin, Pvt. Brod.I J., son of Mr. Borgman, Hubert, 18, son of Mr. Mr. and Mrs. George L. Forcht, 1016 Kensington-av., S. W. (Guad- and Mrs. Charles Zilins1'i, 313 and Mrs. William Borgman, 1306 Leonard-st., N. W. (New Guinea). Butler-av., S. E. (missing at sea). alcanal). Fortier, Sgt. Jruward, son of Mr. Zimmerman, Pvt. Edward,~ !..1 · ouse, ~aul, 20, radioman, son n of Mr. and Mrs. Leon Zi~,io., • I. Cargill, 1226 Jefferand 1\trs. EdWfl'.rd Fortier, 500 an, 752 Sixth-st., N. W. ,;..2_"1~0b. IJ • (killed jn action at Jtllia. -st., N. E. Guin.ea). umea>. ..--... _.......,. · lib_ Foster, ):.,t. Edg M., 22, son of MMrs. Ed B-~ter, 3425 1 ,.- 1------------.....IIV (iw i �_ . • ---•--'. , ...,.,.. n.,v- rt, 20, son or o_r·_Mrs. Ethel Gal1ur, 359~2 ·nivischmidt, Jamesl<'.lf'_f-lttl\vnsi'tip, and ~Brien, Pvt. Edward 1\1., 18, son Mr.l_and iyrrs. Henry Haapanen, s1oi:-av., s. (Nev! Guinea). Ra Foote, 191:t Division-av., S. of 'irrs. Amv O'Brien, Detroit 507 ,~ lama-av., N. W. (New Gilson, Sgt. ~,,-n J.,_ 18, s~>n of (N!w Guinea). (south PacifiC>. Guinea). Mrs. Mae G. Gi_I~on, 9.J3 Ionia-av., Fr r. Pfc. Kenneth L., 24. son COAST GUARD. Huartson, Pvt. Russell, 28, son of S. W. (New Gu~nea). a )' • F , 2 Field-ct •• . . , Mr. and Mrs. James Huartson, 1514 Glass, Pvt. Cla,r E., 20, son of Mr. of Mrs. Jessie . rarJ, ·• Cronce, Paul R., ,...,. machimSls Forrest-av., N. E. (Philippines>. and Mrs. John W. Glass, 243 Tra• N. E. <New Guinea). male second class. son of Mrs. Kinsey Lt Joi H 25 son f vis-st N E {New Guinea) t 8 t 5 348 Fuller, S ftff ~~-e S ~;hi~:) ~~t George Prc t1er, Carlton-av., Mr. and '1v1rs~ J. ~~ Ki~sey: sr., 4f3 Gol;mhie\l:ski, Sgt. Ted, 2o, son nd ba of Mr',i_ 11Atd. Y Te. {New S. E. (at sea). Pleasant-st., s. E. (over North sea). of Mr. anq Mrs. Stanley G. Golem1~'. San onto, x. CANADIAN..-FORCES. Lippert, Lt. Rexford \V,, 24, son biewski, 7~7 Lake Michigan-ctr., N. Gum.ea). p t J hn J b the of Floyd, p,,t. Walter L., 37, son of Mr. and Mrs. William Lippert, \V. (New Guinea). St~;1:d, C.v Goo~, 18 ·Na~~nal~av., of Ch~rles F. Flo.yd, 1042 Lafay- 556 Grand-av., N. E. (European Hantleman, Cavt. Harold ~-, 205 Y nd W I C G00 d 13 r ette-a,., S. E. (Dieppe). area). Lafayette-av., N. E. (New Guinea). N. W., a a ter · ''<Nei McConnell, Pvt. Gordon 1\1., 26, Hartman, Sgt. Robert, 23, son of Broadway-av., N. W. son of Mr. and Mrs. G. L. McCon- Mr. and Mrs. Spencer A. Hartman, Gumea).rd Ed . B Died lll Service nell. Coit-rd. (Philippines). 32 Shelby-st., S. W. (New Guinea). 20 Haywa , Ct>~ M w•~ :' w' Orlowski, \Villiam, 35, tank corps Hazekamp, Pfc. James E., 20, son son of Mf. an rs. ermre · mechanic brother of William Or- of Mrs. Julia Hazekamp 1161 AtHayward, 2_6~5 Alpine-av., N. W. ARMY. lowski, 930 Powers-av., N. W. lantic-st., N. W., and J~hn Haze{south _Pacific). . ., 6 Arnolcl, Pvt. Charles, 27, son of Three other brothers and four sis- kamp, Detroit (Guadalcanal). nd s He rick , Pfc. Gilbert, nd ,. , i ~~~ Mrs. Mary Ro\van, ~27 Bart~ett-st., ters also live here. (North Africa.) Higley, Sgt. Frederick C., 26, son of Mr. and Mrs. Peter :e rJe,~ S. W., and husband_ o: La visa ArPutt, Sgt. John, 18, son of Mr. of Mr. and Mrs. Henry G. Higley, 21 61 3 nd 6_ Carlton-av., S. · ( nold, _ McKe rich.-av., S. W. and Mrs. Joe Putt, 3456 Plainfield- 1138 Kalamazoo-av., S. E. (north Gumea). . ,, ,· J.) . av., N. E. (New Guinea). Africa). . . 22 on (Fort ~Ix,~Hcyboer, Lt. Ech,m R., ' 4s502 Bald"JJ1 , Cpl. Clare \V., 26 ,_ son of Sousley, CpJ. Robert, 19, son of Hughes, Sgt. ,~.r1Iham, brother of of Mrs. Agnes Heyboer, Mr . and Mrs. Roy S. Bal~wrn, 311 Floyd M. Sousley, 235 Maplewood- Mrs. Leo J. Dornbos, Charlotte, N. Clyde Park-av., S. andthJ~hi~ Beu~ah-st., S. ~- (Austr~ha\ st., S. E. (New Guinea). C., _formerly of Grand Rapids (New Hcyboer, Battle Creek (sou wes Bright, Lt. Fred V., Jr.,_ ,..O, son \Verner, Lt. George R .• 22, son of Gumea). Pacific). "' of Mr. and. Mrs. Fred V. Bright, sr., Mrs. Tenus Markos, Holland, Mich. Jacobs, Cpl. William J., 24, son of Holmes, Pvt. Harry D., .. 3, son of 7 Maple-st., S. E., (New Bedford, (middle eastern area). Mr. and Mrs. Theodore Jacobs, 759 \Vilkinson, Cpl. Dave, son of Mr. Seve~th:st., N. W. (N:w Guinea). 7M~. 2 a,nd ~1~s. F1Jn~ \.~~1o~t~~m;:~ IvI~~!/s·tcnscn Lt. C. Ario 22 son . ~ Sinclair av., · · of Mr and Mrs Fred Ch;'st ~sen and Mrs. J. F. Wilkinson, now of Ja.n1ck1, Pfc. Steve, Jr,, 19, son of rica). Pf G ld l\I ,. 3 son 246 Griggs-st · s E (Gar~iner' Petersburg, Mich. (Solomons). Mr. and Mrs. Steve Janicki, sr., 155 Hos~nan, . _c. era. ·,i7"' s'cribTex.). ., · • ' NAVY. Lane-av., N. W. {New Guinea). 3 of Mis. Melvm Hosman, . . • • _ . Jelsma, Pfc. Oscar, 36, son of Mr. 9 ner-av., N. W. (New Gumea). Dyer, Lt. James Herbert, ,.2, son Cassidy, Frank Leslie, hospital and Mrs Miner J Jelsma 1228 Hootman, 1'Iaj. Harold. 1\-1., 4.3, ~~ M~ and M~·s. ;'·EWorth Dyer, apprentice, ~on of Mr. and Mrs. Morgan-;t,, N. w. <New Gui~ea). brother of. Mrs. C. J. Lmdeman Tex) orden-st., . . (Sherman, John S. Casid~, _29~5 CharlesgateJoswick, Pfc. Edward J., 23, son and father of John and James . . rd., S. W. {Phihppmes). . of Mr and Mrs Joseph p Joswick Hootman, all o! 1407 Franklin-st., Hartnacke, Ca11t. Franz J., 28, _Cebelak, _Sylvester Joseph, 21, ra- 1101 Third-st .. N. w. (Ne\.~ Guinea)'. S. E. {New Gumea). son of Mrs. Rose Hartnacke, 342 d10man third class, son of Mr. and l{o Pfc ,voodro W ., n Ingersoll, Pfc. Donald S., 27, son Eureka-av., S. E., and husband of Mrs. Ale. :i.nder Cebelak, 549 Dia- of and Mrs Iv';n 1, ,., 3Ko~op of Mr. and Mrs. Leon Ester~rook, Mrs. Ro:5elyr~ (Cavera) Hartflacks, mond-av., N. E. (PacHic). B~tterworth--st. S. (Ne\~ 762 1304 White-st.. S. W. (New Gumea). 1 ~5? Aigentma-dr., S. E. (Camp Nelson, Bruce Edward, 21, radio- Guinea) ' st KiJnatriek, Sg~. James, brot11e~ of Livmg . . man third class, son a£ Mr. and l{oster' S t. Peter W. 30 son th on, 1;-a.). Mrs. Frank Tnpp, Alanson, Mich. l\ta ews, Sgt. Edwm J., son ... of Mrs. Axel E. Nelson, 519 Bissell-st., of Mr 'anJ Mrs Jame; K~ster (southwest Pacific). Mr. and .Mrs. John Mathews, 1,02 N. E. (Solomons). 1 421 W·dd" omb-~v N W (N ' Kra.marz, Staff Sgt. Jose11h, 26, ~~Iker-id., N. W. (Monroe, La). Nitz, Theodore, 24 storekeeper Guinea/ ic ·, · · ew son of Mr. and Mrs. John K. Kra- M orgf, Lt. RRger J>., 25, son of first class, son of Mr. and Mrs. Kozlo~ski Staff Sgt Jo ph ., 5 marz, 823 Crescent-st., N. E., and r. an . _Mrs. ager Morgan, 127 Henry Naz, 418 Lagrave-av., s. E. son of Mr ~nd Mrs Felixs~ husband of Mrs. Joseph Kramarz, P;:a_ock;;,, E.E(Atlanta, Father in navy. {Pacific.) lowski 92 l\'lcReyn~lds-av W 0 413 Cass-av., S. E. (New Gui-!1ea). and&~~~- s~iom~n Ronda., John, jr., ~7, son of Mr. (Dutch Harbor, Alaska). ., • · 9~ 3 Divf: Ma.digan, Staff Sgt. Frederick H., . S (C Bl cl" Fl ) and Mrs. John Ronda, 1303 ColKryger Sgt Wade L son of 28, son of Mr. and Mrs. Fred W. sw1:-av., · amp an mg, a. • lege-av., N. E. (at sea). Mr and' Mrs• Martin·, 21 ' r 2 123 Madigan, 444 Ellio1t-st., S. E. (New rN~~chJan, Lt. /o~~P\ A., f:32bi;;~hWhitmllll,, Ens. Harry Gill, Jr., 27, An~-st N E · Guinea). ~vooi;l-av~m;_s E.' an~cso~n~f Mr. a:d son of Mr. a_nd Mrs. H. G. VV.h_itLema:iiski, (Jpl. Joseph P., 2s, son 1\-lartz, Pfc. Russell L., 30, son of Mrs Albert 'Nischan Norwalk ~an, 235 Umon-av., S. E. (Philip- of Mrs. Stella Lemanski 471 Mr. and Mrs. Cleon R. Martz, 1115 Calif (Plant C-ty Fla') ' pmes), SprinO'-av. N E (Guadalca~al) Ele~enth-st., N. W. (north Africa). Op~cki, Cpl. kc1~vard·, '24, son of . 1'IARINES. Lou~hJin', sf:ari Sgt. Richard· J., l\11ller, Staff Sgt. Walt~r .H., 21, Mr. and Mrs. Charles Opacki, 854 Gibbs, Ct>I, .J8:mes L., 19, son of 23. son of Mrs. Louise Loughlin, son of Mr. and Mrs. William L. Nacrold-st N \,V (Springfield Mrs. Evelyn Gibbs, 2218 Horton- Ada RFD No. 2 {north Africa) 1\li~ler, 457 Hubert-st., N. E. (New Mo~). ., · · ' a,"·•. S. ~-. and CJaudc G. Gibbs :l\IcGee, Sgt. Robert R., sod of 1 Gu~! .~a). , ,. . , ., 9 Pickel, P,·t. Arlie E., 23, husband Xps1l~nt1 (southwest Pacific). Mrs. Ethel McGee, 545 Michigan1 1'nison, Cpl. \\lll.,am C]J.lle, ,..,.,, of Mrs. Marie Pickel, 54 Carolinel{mpers, S~t. John J .. 20, son of st., N. E. (New Guinea). son °£ Mrs. Nellie Olsen,_ 63 9 pL, N. E. (Fort Custer), Mr. a.nd Mrs. George Kuipers, 63 .Misner, Sgt. Richard n., son of ~Thompson-av., S. E. (New Guinea). Reed, Lt. \Villiam A., 25, son of Car?lme-pl., N. E. (over southwest Mr. and Mrs. Roy Jviisner, 4027 I Oteneack, Cpl. Roman F., 23, son Mr. and Mrs. Earl G. Reed Lake Pacific). West River-rd (New Guinea). of Mr. and. Mrs. Joseph B. Ole- Michigan-ctr. (Terrill, Tex./, Mooney, Staff Sgt. Richard, son nc~ck, 917 Lmcoln-av., N. W. {New Sweet, Pvt. Clifford ]{., 21, son • • of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Mooney, Guinea). . of Norman B. Sweet, 207 SummerWounded 111 Action 1030 Prospect-av., s. E. (New Rea, Sgt. Dona.Id M., son of Wil- av., N. w., (Redondo Beach~ Guinea). ohn H. Rea, 1015 Fremont-av., N. Calif.). :l\lullet, Pvt. Donald, lS, son of 1W., and husband of Mrs. Donald , Tunis, Lt. Jack K., son of Mr. and ARJ.\.IY. Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Mullet 18 In~ 1vr.. Rea of th e WAAC (New Mrs. Fred Tunis, 1943 Willard-av., Atchinson, Sgt. Donald, 23, son diana-av., N. w. (New Guin'ea). IGumea). -> S. E., and husband of Mrs, Iola of Mr. and Mrs. Robert J. Atchin- l\.lurray, Cpl. Donald L., 21, son nd Sa usky, Pvt. Joseph_ G~, 2,.., son (Palmer) Tunis (New Orleans). son, 1652 Jefferson-av., s. E. (New of Mr. and Mrs. Marrcl B. Murray, o( Mrs. Mary G. Sandusky._ 78 LaYanderVeen, Pvt. Don, 18, son of Guine~). 322 Robey- pl. s. E. (New Guinea). gra~e-av., S. E. {north A;rica) · Mr. and . Mrs. Lillian V. Vandereen, Au·stin, Pfc. J. Qarth, 25, son of Neely, Pfc. Ellsworth H., 26, son Shirley, Capt. ~olm D., .... 7, son ?f 2119 Darwin-av., S. W. (Fort Sam Mr. and Mrs. Frank L. Austin of Mrs. Mabel Neely 232 LafaI\.frS. Madge Shirley and Melvm Houston, :rex.). Gr d -II ( , ' · . Shirley Grand Rapids and husvanskaitis p,,t Frank jr 35 gnldvi_e S~uadalcanal). yet!e-av., S. E. (New Gumea). band of Mrs. Betty Je~n {Black) son of Flank ·vanskaiiis ''1553 a win, ·aff Sgt. Robert H., Niece, Cpl. Lawrence, 72 , son of Shirley, 314 Fuller-av., S. E. (New Quarry-av N w (Chico' field 291 soz:i-n of Mr. an~ Mrs. Percy J. Mr. ~ nd Mrs. 0. D. Niece,_ 2l29 Guinea). Calif.). ·• · • ' Baldwi • 453 Gnggs-St, S. E. Da:win-~v-, ~- E. (north Afnca). Soltysiak, Cpl. John W., 25, son Vogel, P\·t. Richard \V., 38, son {Pearl Harbor). . Niedzwie<:k1, P~t. ~obert R., son tJf Mr. and Mrs. Walter Soltysiak, of John Jacob VoO'el Alpine-twp. Bice, Cpl. Franklm, 9.. 1,. son of of Peter N1edzw1eck1, 813 Jackson0 st 21 1119 Atlantic-st., N. W. (New {Selden, Kan.). ' Mr. a~d Mrs. Royal E. Bic~, 3 ., N: W: (Pearl Harbor.) Guinea). Wells, Capt. Richa.rd H., 23, Fran~lm-S t ., S. W. (New Gumea). Ows•nski, Pfc. Joseph, 23, s?n o_f Swanson, Sgt. Norman A., 21, son brother of Robert H. Wells, 926 Blair, Pvt. Albert Thomas, 2_1, Mr. and. Mrs. Lawrence Owsmski, of Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Swanson, Merrifield-av., S. E., and son of Mr. son of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Blair, 2 ~2 Straight-av., S. W. {north Af3852 Division-rd., S. {New Guinea). and Mrs. Charles E. Wells, Apopka, 223. Albany-St, S. W. (New nca). Toczydlowski, Sgt. Bert A., 27, Fla. (England). Gumea). Panochyk, Pfc. Walter J., 2-i, son son of Mr. and Mrs. Adam ToczydNAVY. Balle, Pfc. Abra.b~m, 22, son of of_ J?hn P. Panochyk, 933 _Lake lowski, 224 Houseman•av., N. E. Aldrich, Cadet Reginald P., jr., 23 , Mr. and Mrs. Mannus Balle, 36 M1ch1ga~-dr., N. W. (New Gumea). {New Guinea). son of Mr. and Mrs. Reginald P. Sto_rmzand. pl., N. E. (New Pollacco, Master Sgt. Robert, VanAmburgh, Sgt. Clayton, 25, Aldrich, 1244 Dunham-st., s. E. Gmnea). . brot~cr of Carmel Pollacco,. 314 son of George VanAmburgh, 216 (Jacksonville, Fla.). Borgman, Sgt. l\farnn E .. son Mar~on-av., N. W. (north Africa). J?lrn-st., :3. E.; rnot~er l~ves in Casey, \VHlia.m J., 21, aviation of Mr. and Mt·s. Edward A. Borg- Prmcc, Pfc. Ralph,_ 24, so~ of Mr. P1~ua, Ohio (New Gu111ea). machinist's mate second class, son ma_n, 1147 Alto-av,, S, E. (New a:id Mrs ... Henry Prmc~, l;:,26 An• \ierstay, Sgt. James l\f., 20, son of of Mr. and Mrs. John E. Casey, Guinea). me:av., N. W. (New Gumea). Mr. and Mrs. James Verstay, 552 924 Dorchester-av., s. W. (ElizaBottraU, Cpl. Be~n~rd, 21, son R1ekse, Lt. Robert_ J., son of Mr. Hopson-st., N. E. (New Guinea. beth Cit· J N. C.). of Mr. and_ Mrs. Wilham H. Bot- and Mrs. And1~ew R1eksc, CascadeI Vorenkamp, Cpl. Robert, 26, son Davjs, Louis Daniel, 28. cook, son tra~l, 218 Diamond-av., S. E. (New rd. (north Africa). Cl{ Mr. and Mrs. Albert Voren- ' Mr. and Mrs. Mack Davis, 570 Gumea). Roberts, Staff Sgt. Clio, 27, son of [kamp, 561 Shamrock-st., s. W. randville-av., S. W. (Seattle, Brown, Pvt. Earl W., 25, son of, J,ir. and Mrs. John A. Roberts, 141~ (New Guinea), ash.), Mr. and Mrs. Victor H. Brown,- 'Union-av., S. E• .<north Africa) , I .. . I w_., l 0 J~' t Gt'~ N~;/ ° W. 7 K;z: N (Ne\". Gui!!!f ' I j ~ . Louise B ~~ a~ ~-p: i° r ~ " . CA1'ADIAN FORCES. Hill, Sgt. Robert~-, 26, (RCAF), grandson of Mrs, Elizabeth Reeves, 549 Cedar-st., N. E. (England). I •p . r1soner O f W _ __ Re d Arrow UIll"t S_ ·Bear S F" h • d evcre 1~ ling an Large Casualties As in World war I, Grand Rap .. ids contingents of the famous 3 2nd (R d A, ) d" . . h 1_row e r~,iswn ave seen the heaviest fightmg and have suffered the heaviest casualties to date of all local men in service . m the current conflict. Local Red ArrO\vs of the 126th infantry, who were in the thick of the_ heaviest fighting in the New Gumea campaign, make up 55 per cent o~ the _total _number of local men killed m action. The former national guardsmen lost 31 men in the Papuan struggle, compared with the total list of 57 deaths in action. Those wounded in New Guinea total 60 out of the 100 wounded on all fronts. TJ1ree other local Red Arrows are llsted as missing. The New Guinea total of 94 casualties jg 40 per cent of the entire casualty list in Grand Rapids to date Second in i~portance to Grand Rapids is the north African front, with 28 local casualties These mclude five killed in acti~n three . . ' . ;1.ss111g,. twelve wounded and eight nsoneis. Toll a! Pearl Harbor. In the eai:her phases of_ the war Grand Rapids also had its share of tragedy. When the Japs struck Pearl Harbor three local sailors were killed and two soldiers, one sailor and one marine were wounded for a total of seven local c~sua_lties. Another local sailor died 1n Guam and one more was made a captive when Wake island felI .. In the historic battle in the Philippines Grand Rapids _had no known dead, but three soldiers and two sailors are still listed as m~ssing an~ ten soldiers. and three sailors weie made prisoners of Japan. Loc_al i:narine casualties were heaviest rn the_ Solomons.-Guadalc~nal sector, with two killed _and six wounde~. ~wo local sailors also ~vere_ k~Hed 111 that area and one 1s m1ssmg. One Grand Rap• ids army man _is missing. and five , were wound~d 111 th3:t action. Grand Rapids captives of Japan total 15. of which 13 were taken in the Philippines. Significant of the type of conflict waged in the Papuan campaign is the fact that not a single local Red Arr~w fighter has been reported a pnsoner. In German-Italian hands are eight local prisoners of war. Two Families Hardest Hit . • The current casualty list shows that two Grand Rapids families have twice experienced the pangs of battlefront casualties. Mr. and Mrs. Joseph DeVries, 1144 McReynolds-av., N. W., were notified first that their son, Sgt. Gerrit De Vries, 23, was wounded in action in New Guinea and later received word that a second son, Sgt. Sid• ney DeVries, 19, had died in action on the same front. The family of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Nitz, 418 Lagrave-av., s. E., was informed first that a son, Jack Henry Nitz, 18, had been wounded at sea and then were informed that a second son, Theodare Nitz, 24, storekeeper first class, was missing in action, presumably in the Pacific. The father of these boys also is in the navy. -· Tnere are 10 times more accidents in which people are dis• i,,bled than there are fires. J I ar ARMY J ., f ~oo 1sen, C~ 1• ~ro ~ ., "' 9'son~ Mi. a nd Mis. WFranl-..d C~o~1en,d80 ~ Hovey-St, S. . ·, an ?s an 1 t ) st ., N. Mrs. John Coo~son, 12 FirS W. (norltlh CAflricRa- erEma n y · f Crowe , p. oya1 ., 28, son_o Mrs. Earl Griffen, 744 Fountamst., N. E. (Philippines-Japan). DeJong, Sgt. Charles, 26, son of Mr. and Mrs. Hessel DeJong, 652 Hogan-st., S. W. {north AfricaGermany), Dollnka, Sgt. Daniel, 26, son of Mr. and Mrs. Gabriel Dolinka, 862 Dunham-st., S. E. (Germany). Eliott, Lt. John B., 25, son of Mr. and Mrs. James A. Elliott, Michigan Soldiers home (Germany). Engstrom, Lt. Walter F., 27, broth~r of E1mer Engstrom, 1147 Hermitage-st., S. E., and son of Mrs ... A._ H. Hildebrand, Detroit (Phrll~pmes-Japan). l\Iartm, p,,t. Robcrt.D., 18, son _of Mrs. Joseph Hamermk, 902 S_cnbner-av., N. W. {north AfricaGerm~ny). . _ _ Oostmg, Sgt. \V1llll!m R., 2Q, s~m o~- Mrs. Myra Oostmg,. ?49_ G1ddmgs-av., S. E. {Ph1lippmesJapan). · ()sborne, Oapt. "(Dr.) Charles id J In 32nd Men .- ~ N. E. (sout~west Pacrfic). De\Vltt, Neil, 20, seaman sccon_d class,_ son of Mr. and Mrs. Chris DeWitt, 2113 Stafford-av., S. ~-, and husband of Pleasure DeWitt, 56 Stewart-st., S. W. (southwest Pacific) l\lcCar.tin, Ens. Dan C., son of Mr. and Mrs. M. K. Mccartin, 1939 CoJlins-av., S. E. (Pearl Harbor). Mlynarczyl..:, John S., 24, seaman, husband of Mrs. John S. Mlynarczyk, 944 Veto-st., N. W. (Atlantic). Nitz, Jack Henry, 18, son of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Nitz, 418 Lagraveav., S. E. (at sea). Sullivan, William E., 18, seaman second class, son of Mr. and Mrs. Frank J. Sullh...tln, 170~ Eastern-av., S, E., (battle of Midway). 1'iARThTES. Andrusis, Pfc, AntJ1ony, 22, son of Mr. and Mrs. Charles Andrusis, 1314 Muskegon-av., N. W. (Guadalcanal). Beardsley, Pvt. Kenneth E., 19, son of l\1r. and Mrs. Garret Beards• ley, 44 Grant-st., S. W. (southwest Pacific). Gorecki, Pvt. Edmund R., 21., s~~1 of,.. Mr~ and Mrs. Roman Go1ecJ...1, 22iJ Richards-av., S. W. (Guadalcana!), . • KuJa.wmski, Cpl. Anthony E., 23, brother of :fyirs. Josephine Sorum, 932 Second-st., N. W. (north Afr~ca). . Milanowski, Cpl Hubert D., 20, brother of Mrs. JQSeph Budnick, 123 Travis-st., N E., and Mrs. June Stefanek, 1711 ·cusick-st., N. W. (Guadalcanal), Palmer, Pvt. Alden T., son of Mr. and Mrs. B, Palmer, 3~0 Bealsrd., S. W. (southwest Pacific). Shane, Pvt. Gerald D., 18, son of Ernest M. Shane, 224 Mt. Vernon-av., N. W. (GuadacanaD. Stevens, Pfc. Daniel C,, 21, son of Mr. and Mrs. Daniel Stevens, 924 Milwaukee-av., S. W. (Guadal.. canal). Thornton, Pfc. Harold l\Iilo, 18, son of Mr. and Mrs. Milo T. Thornton, Comstock Park RF'D, No, 1 (Gu~dalcanaD. Wiseman, Cpl. Robert E .. _20, son 1::~:~~ ~il'~~c~f:s~=!t F;~ bor) ., . • \V · \V'tr H ? f M 1 1 7 and 0 ~~·s H~a;~rct'' Wbos%n ;~ diana-av.: N. W. (Pacific/. 9 1 ° v., � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard Platte Red Arrow Division collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Platte, Richard Description An account of the resource Collection of photographs and a scrapbook pertaining to the 126th Infantry, 32nd (Red Arrow) Division of the U.S. Army. Sgt. Richard "Dick" Platte, of Grand Rapids, Michigan, served in the U.S. Army, 32nd Infantry "Red Arrow" Division, 126th 3rd Battalion, Headquarters Company. The company trained for the war in Europe at Camp Livingston, Louisiana in 1941 and conducted maneuvers near Camp Beauregard. In the spring of 1942 the 32nd Division sailed to the South Pacific and settled in Australia. The 126th Regiment was organized into a combat team and was the first of U.S. forces dispatched to Port Moresby in New Guinea. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant World War II Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941-1945 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Richard Platte Red Arrow Division collection (RHC-99) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource United States. Army United States. Army. Infantry Division, 32nd United States. Army. Infantry Regiment, 126th World War, 1939-1945 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-99 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Text Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-99_Platte_WWIIScrapbook Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Platte, Richard Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1943/1945 Title A name given to the resource World War II Red Arrow Division Scrapbook Description An account of the resource Scrapbook of newspaper clippings dating from 1943 to 1945 detailing events of World War II, and in particular the activities of the 126th Infantry Regiment, 32nd (Red Arrow) Division. Many articles were clipped from the Grand Rapids Herald and Grand Rapids Press newspapers. Subject The topic of the resource United States. Army World War, 1939-1945 United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/635">Richard Platte Red Arrow Division Collection, (RHC-99)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant World War II https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/d0942be7f50de8eb70eb420f26bed36d.jpg a41f4266ad5d93148e09e445b2970bb6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard Platte Red Arrow Division collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Platte, Richard Description An account of the resource Collection of photographs and a scrapbook pertaining to the 126th Infantry, 32nd (Red Arrow) Division of the U.S. Army. Sgt. Richard "Dick" Platte, of Grand Rapids, Michigan, served in the U.S. Army, 32nd Infantry "Red Arrow" Division, 126th 3rd Battalion, Headquarters Company. The company trained for the war in Europe at Camp Livingston, Louisiana in 1941 and conducted maneuvers near Camp Beauregard. In the spring of 1942 the 32nd Division sailed to the South Pacific and settled in Australia. The 126th Regiment was organized into a combat team and was the first of U.S. forces dispatched to Port Moresby in New Guinea. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant World War II Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941-1945 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Richard Platte Red Arrow Division collection (RHC-99) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource United States. Army United States. Army. Infantry Division, 32nd United States. Army. Infantry Regiment, 126th World War, 1939-1945 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-99 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Text Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-99_Platte_014_1942_sketch Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hillraid, F. John Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1942 Title A name given to the resource Sketch of Richard Platte, 1942 Description An account of the resource Sketch of Richard "Dick" Platte by F. John Hillraid in Boston Subject The topic of the resource United States. Army World War, 1939-1945 United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/635">Richard Platte Red Arrow Division Collection, (RHC-99)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant World War II https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/f14871f761b5ce7ebf0cbf5c69b7d090.jpg 929c8cfcc99b25a55ea48704947721d2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard Platte Red Arrow Division collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Platte, Richard Description An account of the resource Collection of photographs and a scrapbook pertaining to the 126th Infantry, 32nd (Red Arrow) Division of the U.S. Army. Sgt. Richard "Dick" Platte, of Grand Rapids, Michigan, served in the U.S. Army, 32nd Infantry "Red Arrow" Division, 126th 3rd Battalion, Headquarters Company. The company trained for the war in Europe at Camp Livingston, Louisiana in 1941 and conducted maneuvers near Camp Beauregard. In the spring of 1942 the 32nd Division sailed to the South Pacific and settled in Australia. The 126th Regiment was organized into a combat team and was the first of U.S. forces dispatched to Port Moresby in New Guinea. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant World War II Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941-1945 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Richard Platte Red Arrow Division collection (RHC-99) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource United States. Army United States. Army. Infantry Division, 32nd United States. Army. Infantry Regiment, 126th World War, 1939-1945 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-99 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Text Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-99_Platte_013_1941 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unkown Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941 Title A name given to the resource Soldier posing on ground with rifle Description An account of the resource Soldier posing on ground with rifle. Headquarters Company, 126th Infantry maneuvers at Camp Livingston. Subject The topic of the resource United States. Army World War, 1939-1945 United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/635">Richard Platte Red Arrow Division Collection, (RHC-99)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant World War II https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/399460f9eec97175cfec1be14b6e8a02.jpg 27e9c1cc4ab21fcd1f462c688568b399 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard Platte Red Arrow Division collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Platte, Richard Description An account of the resource Collection of photographs and a scrapbook pertaining to the 126th Infantry, 32nd (Red Arrow) Division of the U.S. Army. Sgt. Richard "Dick" Platte, of Grand Rapids, Michigan, served in the U.S. Army, 32nd Infantry "Red Arrow" Division, 126th 3rd Battalion, Headquarters Company. The company trained for the war in Europe at Camp Livingston, Louisiana in 1941 and conducted maneuvers near Camp Beauregard. In the spring of 1942 the 32nd Division sailed to the South Pacific and settled in Australia. The 126th Regiment was organized into a combat team and was the first of U.S. forces dispatched to Port Moresby in New Guinea. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant World War II Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941-1945 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Richard Platte Red Arrow Division collection (RHC-99) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource United States. Army United States. Army. Infantry Division, 32nd United States. Army. Infantry Regiment, 126th World War, 1939-1945 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-99 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Text Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-99_Platte_012_1941 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941 Title A name given to the resource Sgt. Richard Plate on K-P duty, 1941 Description An account of the resource Sgt. Richard Plate on K-P duty at Camp Livingston. Rear is inscribed "The famous K-P-Kid was I mad in this picture" Subject The topic of the resource United States. Army World War, 1939-1945 United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/635">Richard Platte Red Arrow Division Collection, (RHC-99)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant World War II https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/a03cec07d775dafd60abd3b2e7a24f7a.jpg 976ee76906d2ca54a09a9e12e7618e0e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard Platte Red Arrow Division collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Platte, Richard Description An account of the resource Collection of photographs and a scrapbook pertaining to the 126th Infantry, 32nd (Red Arrow) Division of the U.S. Army. Sgt. Richard "Dick" Platte, of Grand Rapids, Michigan, served in the U.S. Army, 32nd Infantry "Red Arrow" Division, 126th 3rd Battalion, Headquarters Company. The company trained for the war in Europe at Camp Livingston, Louisiana in 1941 and conducted maneuvers near Camp Beauregard. In the spring of 1942 the 32nd Division sailed to the South Pacific and settled in Australia. The 126th Regiment was organized into a combat team and was the first of U.S. forces dispatched to Port Moresby in New Guinea. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant World War II Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941-1945 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Richard Platte Red Arrow Division collection (RHC-99) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource United States. Army United States. Army. Infantry Division, 32nd United States. Army. Infantry Regiment, 126th World War, 1939-1945 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-99 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Text Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-99_Platte_011_1941 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941 Title A name given to the resource Soldiers relaxing in camp, 1941 Description An account of the resource Soldiers relaxing in camp. Headquarters Company, 126th Infantry maneuvers at Camp Livingston. Subject The topic of the resource United States. Army World War, 1939-1945 United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/635">Richard Platte Red Arrow Division Collection, (RHC-99)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant World War II https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/f193e3140b9f684c2f43566a7506beec.jpg 84e9da1feb468e2bda0374d7fcedccc5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard Platte Red Arrow Division collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Platte, Richard Description An account of the resource Collection of photographs and a scrapbook pertaining to the 126th Infantry, 32nd (Red Arrow) Division of the U.S. Army. Sgt. Richard "Dick" Platte, of Grand Rapids, Michigan, served in the U.S. Army, 32nd Infantry "Red Arrow" Division, 126th 3rd Battalion, Headquarters Company. The company trained for the war in Europe at Camp Livingston, Louisiana in 1941 and conducted maneuvers near Camp Beauregard. In the spring of 1942 the 32nd Division sailed to the South Pacific and settled in Australia. The 126th Regiment was organized into a combat team and was the first of U.S. forces dispatched to Port Moresby in New Guinea. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant World War II Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941-1945 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Richard Platte Red Arrow Division collection (RHC-99) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource United States. Army United States. Army. Infantry Division, 32nd United States. Army. Infantry Regiment, 126th World War, 1939-1945 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-99 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Text Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-99_Platte_010_1941 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941 Title A name given to the resource Soldiers relaxing in camp, 1941 Description An account of the resource Soldiers relaxing in camp. Headquarters Company, 126th Infantry maneuvers at Camp Livingston. Subject The topic of the resource United States. Army World War, 1939-1945 United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/635">Richard Platte Red Arrow Division Collection, (RHC-99)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant World War II https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/6d379a0c980cc1b6b04fa5fd5538a00a.jpg 176d784d376e4b671bf04bc3828c77ff Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard Platte Red Arrow Division collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Platte, Richard Description An account of the resource Collection of photographs and a scrapbook pertaining to the 126th Infantry, 32nd (Red Arrow) Division of the U.S. Army. Sgt. Richard "Dick" Platte, of Grand Rapids, Michigan, served in the U.S. Army, 32nd Infantry "Red Arrow" Division, 126th 3rd Battalion, Headquarters Company. The company trained for the war in Europe at Camp Livingston, Louisiana in 1941 and conducted maneuvers near Camp Beauregard. In the spring of 1942 the 32nd Division sailed to the South Pacific and settled in Australia. The 126th Regiment was organized into a combat team and was the first of U.S. forces dispatched to Port Moresby in New Guinea. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant World War II Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941-1945 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Richard Platte Red Arrow Division collection (RHC-99) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource United States. Army United States. Army. Infantry Division, 32nd United States. Army. Infantry Regiment, 126th World War, 1939-1945 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-99 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Text Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-99_Platte_009_1941_126th-HQ Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941 Title A name given to the resource Headquarters Company, 126th Infantry cabins Description An account of the resource Headquarters Company, 126th Infantry cabins and sign at Camp Livinston, Louisiana Subject The topic of the resource United States. Army World War, 1939-1945 United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/635">Richard Platte Red Arrow Division Collection, (RHC-99)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant World War II https://digitalcollections.library.gvsu.edu/files/original/4bf7426ef165d67a4bf1ff18a8416e0d.jpg d201d9c32d4171a44d569b2ee3763efb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard Platte Red Arrow Division collection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Platte, Richard Description An account of the resource Collection of photographs and a scrapbook pertaining to the 126th Infantry, 32nd (Red Arrow) Division of the U.S. Army. Sgt. Richard "Dick" Platte, of Grand Rapids, Michigan, served in the U.S. Army, 32nd Infantry "Red Arrow" Division, 126th 3rd Battalion, Headquarters Company. The company trained for the war in Europe at Camp Livingston, Louisiana in 1941 and conducted maneuvers near Camp Beauregard. In the spring of 1942 the 32nd Division sailed to the South Pacific and settled in Australia. The 126th Regiment was organized into a combat team and was the first of U.S. forces dispatched to Port Moresby in New Guinea. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant World War II Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941-1945 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Richard Platte Red Arrow Division collection (RHC-99) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Subject The topic of the resource United States. Army United States. Army. Infantry Division, 32nd United States. Army. Infantry Regiment, 126th World War, 1939-1945 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University. Special Collections and University Archives Relation A related resource Veterans History Project (U.S.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-99 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Text Language A language of the resource eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RHC-99_Platte_008_1941 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941 Title A name given to the resource Members of 126th Infantry eating pie, 1941 Description An account of the resource Three members of the Headquarters Company, 126th Infantry, eating pie with milk. Rear is inscribed "we sneaked a piece of pie and a bottle of milk. I look happy - baloney". Subject The topic of the resource United States. Army World War, 1939-1945 United States--History, Military Michigan--History, Military Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/635">Richard Platte Red Arrow Division Collection, (RHC-99)</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Grand Valley State University Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">In Copyright</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpg Language A language of the resource eng Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant World War II