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                    <text>[Copy 1 Page 1]
Copy
Washington 25th Nov. 1850
My dear Sir,
It gives me great pleasure to respond to your inquiry. Whether in my opinion the
rejection of your nomination by the Senate at the late session, was “the result of
misapprehension.”
I am very sure that it was. And I as took the lead in the first movement, I have constantly
&amp; deeply regretted it since --- feeling a strong conviction that you were unjustly
sacrificed.
During the last year, I thought the Senate had been most unjustly &amp; malignantly assailed,
&amp; with purposes &amp; views as I supposed, not about the level of the demagogue, seeking a
contemptible notoriety. And as such was my estimate of the whole transaction that I Wd
have voted to confer office on no man in America whom I knew to be art &amp; part in it.
Several scurrilous &amp; malignant articles appeared in a New York paper, &amp; a member of
Gen. Taylor’s cabinet, shaking unquestionably, left an impression upon me that you were
probably the writer of them.
Upon your nomination coming up, I suggested this with the view of enabling your
friends &amp; particularly Senator Cooper, to set you right. The explanation almost instantly
made, satisfied me that we had no sufficient evidence to reject you, &amp; therefore I
declined voting my reasons. The vote being taken, to my surprise you were rejected.
Subsequent in[formation]

�[Copy 1 Page 2]
[in]formation that I deemed reliable, satisfied me beyond all doubt, that you had been
most unjustly dealt with.
I took a deep &amp; steady interest in getting a motion made to reconsider. Cal Bell agreed to
make the motion. But before he got to the floor, Cal Thompson’s name came in for the
same office. I instantly left the Senate chamber to wait upon the President &amp; to request
that Mr. Thompson’s name might be withdrawn --- the favorable result of which I
regarded absolutely certain.
Upon entering the Vice President’s room, I saw that the President was engaged, &amp;
disclosed my business to the Secretary of State; he in view of the extreme pressure for
time, thought it best to let it pass by assuring me the admn. would take care of you &amp; do
you full justice. Relying most confidently on that, I so told Mr. Cooper, &amp; we
determined not to move further in the matter, &amp; confirm Mr. T’s nomination.
Feeling as I do your high claims upon the party in power, &amp; knowing as I do, your ample
&amp; various qualifications, I do not suffer myself to doubt, that the admn. will do you full
and entire justice. Few things could give me more pleasure, &amp; the more particularly, as I
feel unhappy under

�[Copy 1 Page 3]
undesigned injury I have done you &amp; really shd. regard any proper thing done for you in
light of a personal favor to me.
Very truly &amp; sincerely,
Yr. friend and obd. Servt
Willie P. Mangum
To Nathan Sargent, Esq.
P.S. If any thing I have written can avail you for good, it may be used in any way you
please.
W.P.M.

�[Copy 2 Page 1]
Copy
Lancaster Nov 25th, 1850
Dear Sir
From my conversation with Mr. Sargent after his rejection in the Senate I became &amp; am
satisfied that he had been misrepresented to me and it would afford me much pleasure to
be able to set the matter right. You are at liberty to give Mr. Sargent the benefit of this
statement in any manner which may be useful to him.
With respect &amp; regard
Yours
T. Ewing
J.W. Upton Esq.

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                    <text>[Page 1]
Private
Boston 17 Nov. 1858
My Dear Sir,
Yours of the 11th inst. was duly welcomed. I have communicated with Mr. Everett on the
subject, &amp; regret to find that he is to be at Rochester, N.Y. on the 15th proxo [proximo] &amp;
that the whole of that week will be so occupied as to render it impossible for him to be at
Washington. I am the more sorry for it, because my own engagements leave me little
hope of being able

�[Page 2]
to conform to the kind suggestion of my old friends Stuart and Conrad. I will still keep it
in mind, however, &amp; try to be there. It would give me real pleasure to meet so many good
men &amp; true, &amp; I trust the reunion will not be without fruit. Meantime, I will quietly
ascertain what Massachusetts, men of the right sort can be relied on for such a purpose, &amp;
in concert with Mr. Everett, will endeavor to have two or three present. I shall try

�[Page 3]
To be there myself; &amp; if not, shall hope to run on for a few days in January.
I am, dear Sir,
With great regard,
[Yours?]
Robt. C. Winthrop
N. Sargent Esq.

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                    <text>[Page 1]
Albany October 31. ’55
My Dear Sir,
I am much obliged to you for your letter of the 26th, suggesting a plan for the settlement
of the slavery difficulties between the North &amp; the South. God knows, I wish for a final
settlement as much as any man. Your suggestions seem reasonable &amp; feasible. And, for
one, I am ready to co-operate in this, or any such plan, that wise &amp; moderate men may
suggest &amp; adopt, which may seem to promise repose to the country &amp; safety to the
Union. But I suppose, in spite of every thing, ultraists, &amp; rule-or-ruin men, will agitate to
the end of the chapter. And it has seemed to me that the best kind of Union for the
country would be --- as it has been --- a truly national Whig party, resolved, &amp; pledged to
have no slavery issues where it sho[uld] be possible to avoid them, and to differ upon
them, when unavoidable, as wise men, &amp; in the forbearing &amp; compromising temper &amp;
spirit of the Constitution ~
With great respect,
Very truly yours
D.D. Barnard

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                    <text>Rockingham near Clarksville
18th Oct ‘48
[Page 1]
My dear Sir, I have been absent from this my summer home, for the last twelve days, and
returned last evening --- During this absence, your letter of the 4th inst, was received. I
have now the pleasure to acknowledge its receipt, and to thank you for it.
The intelligence which you give me, quite realizes the expectations which I had formed
of our strength in that position of the Union, from whence you write. Beyond the
four Whig states of NE, I have never entertained a hope. New Hampshire has in my
judgement, been long since delivered vow to her idols, and such a Hurricane, as swept
over the Union in 1840, could alone rouse Maine from her lethargy ---

�[Page 2]
The intelligence from Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Florida is cheering. That from the two
former received by telegraph here, assures us that we have carried those states --- and we
have like information in the ordinary mode from Florida. This intelligence cannot fail to
influence the vote of Georgia. Here we stand as to the number of members of Congress,
as we did before, having lost in one district by only seventy five votes, and in another by
the personal unpopularity of the nominee --- we have however gained since the last
election, a thousand votes, reducing the Democratic majority throughout the states to two
hundred and sixty --- how we know, (in many instances I have made personal enquiry)
that thus are in every county, some democrats who will vote the Taylor ticket, and there
is not a Whig in the State, who (will

�[Page 3]
vote for Gen. Cass --- our friends therefore are very sanguine that we shall carry the state
by a large majority --- my own opinion is that we shall carry it, but that the majority will
not be large --- the feeling of the people of this state and the Carolinas, is with Gen.
Taylor, even in So Carolina, if the election were by the people, we might have hopes --In the District of that state on the North side of Savannah River opposite to this place, a
Taylor democrat has beaten the regularly nominated Democratic Cass candidate, by
a large vote, -- the election having been put upon that issue --- Taylor or Cass --I wonder that good people of Massachusetts do not see the propriety of altering an
election law, which puts it in the power of a minority to defeat an election – but the
defect there, and in Vermont, will be made up by the gain of Representatives in
Pennsylvania --- and from Ohio and Florida, we get two Whig Senators. I got tomorrow
to a great mass meeting in the Gold Region.
I am Dear Sir
Very Respectfully Yrs
Mr. Macpherson Berrien
Mr Sargent

�[Cover]

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                <text>Letter discussing strategy for the 1856 election between Zachary Taylor and Lewis Cass.  Attention is also given to the expected congressional gains for the Whig party.</text>
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                <text>Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives</text>
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                    <text>[Page 1]
Canandaigua N. York
20 August 1856
Dear Sir,
The Intelligencer of the 13th inst: (biweekly of the 14th) has a speech of Mr. Letcher of
Virginia delivered 2d. Aug: in which he charges that Mr. Wade &amp; others with having
voted for a fugitive slave law in Kansas &amp; Nebraska. Mr. Wade owned it --- like a man
&amp; Giddings squirmed.

This was in the 24th Sec: of McDunn’s bill for the reorganization of Kansas --- as quoted
&amp; acknowledged it is a “flatfooted” fugitive slave law --- it would seem to have been
voted for by the Republicans generally. Will you have this thing carefully looked to. &amp;
send me the ayes &amp; noes. I presume

�[Page 2]
that you can get printed slips of the Journal having the section &amp; the Division upon it. As
these gentlemen have voted upon the unconstitutionality of the Law of 1850. It would be
a grand point for us to show that they have voted for such an one. Do give early
attention to this, and I go upon the stump next week for the campaign.

You have deem what the Old Line Whigs did at Albany --- Nothing could have been
better timed or better done. A much larger Convention than we had dared to hope for.
Every section of the State represented &amp; more enthusiasm than I ever, before, saw in a
Convention. I will not except 1840. We have no deserters from our ranks &amp; if the

�[Page 3]
Americans known their Strength we must be at [crossed out word] ever allowing for
much more defection in their ranks than they suppose to exist. It was my desire to avoid
the stumping of their Campaign but I found it impossible. Shall hold back as much as I
can, till after the Baltimore Convention of 17 Sep: &amp; then give my entire time to the
contest.
Very truly yours,
F. Granger
Nathan Sargent, Esq.

�</text>
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                <text>Granger, Francis, 1792-1868</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="161365">
                <text>Letter describing the recent debate over the reorganization of Kansas, the Fugitive Slave Law, and a vote on the unconstitutionality of the Compromise of 1850.</text>
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                    <text>[Page 1]
Cincinnati, 16 Jan 1841
My Dear Sir,

Your’s of Dec. last has remained unanswered in consequence of my absence from home for
several weeks, on professional business.

As it regards the cabinet you know as much as I do nearly if not quite. Your committees or rather
those from your city are rumored to have carried nothing back, but a conviction they had better
never left home on the errand they came upon. The Stevens committee returned likewise with
the appearance that upon the principles avowed during the canvass office could not be given as a
reward for mere partizan service. The Gen. has been strongly urged from your state, by each
party represented here not to appoint from any other than their own clique --- better pass over
Penna. altogether. Not bad advice, in cases like the present, where there are more suitable men
then suitable places. I am satisfied the claim of no one to any place beneath a Cabinet office, can
be advance by any application before the inauguration, nor after except through the proper
departments.

I was very much pleased with your letter declining the Chester Dinner, and published it at length
--- it has met general approbation in this region.

I concur most heartily with you in the desire of seeing the Standard of Official qualification
raised, from the highest to the lowest office; and in the hope that the selecting may rest upon
those having some political information! with tact and experience; but there are so many
disturbing

�[Page 2]
causes to a fair administration of public affairs that I am sometimes afraid that we expect
too much, more then we even realize, How exceedingly difficult it will be to bring things
up from the slough of potent democracy, to what is required to sustain the dignity and
honour of the country. It behoves the patriot to hope on, and exert himself to bring the
affairs of the country back to the purity of its early time.

I thank you for your kind wishes in reference to myself. I want no place --- can’t think
of one that I would take --- and do not conceive it probable my country will need require
my services in office. In my connection with the press I am disposed to move forward,
and keep a look out for the coming four years, lending a helping hand where good can be
done, and comprimitting no right to censure what I see amiss. I am satisfied the enemy is
already preparing for a rally, and we shall have to fight another and perhaps still another
battle before we finally conquer the foes of the country. So soon as Gen. H. is in
inaugurated, the elements of party strife we be arranged in new combinations, looking to
the future --- to attack and defense. Where shall we old fashioned Whigs be? We must
use men as instruments to work out our principles. I am not committed but incline to Mr.
Clay. Some judicious arrangements ought to be made, at once, at Washington to promote
his interest so far as they are the interest of the country --- that is if he is our man. Let me
hear from you confidentially, if you please on this subject and upon any others in which
you feel an interest. Shall you go to Washington the 4th? I shall not. The General is
here; in very fine health, and will leave us all next week for Washington and Virginia.

�[Page 3]
I fear your Pennsylvania distractions will keep Mr. Sergeant out of the Cabinet. [?] in the
Main approve in Members of Congress. I have abated none in my admiration of Mr.
Sergeant. I know his great worth too well for that. Why may he not go to London! In
place of Stevenson! Who’s in the way? Webster doubtless would be, had he not
unfortunately for himself taken the Treasury Department.

But I am spinning too long a yarn, and shall tire you. Be assured, it will at all times give
me pleasure to hear from you freely upon any subject.

I am, dear sir
Truly your friend

J.C. Wright

N. Sargent Esq

N.B. I think E. Whittlesey, will go into the P. Office Department with Mr. Ewing, as first
Assistant. A good choice.

�[Cover]

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                <text>Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives</text>
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                    <text>[Page 1]
Cincinnati, 25th Nov 1840
Dear Sir,
If you see the Cin[cinnati] Gazette you will have seen, that I am offered to appointing
members of Congress to Office, unless necessary to secure the best talents to the service
of the people. What Gen. Harrison’s opinion upon that subject are I do not Know, never
having had any conversation with him upon the subject, on that of the individuals likely
to be called into service by him. I should think Pennsylvania would be regarded -- and
my knowledge of Mr [John] Sergeant, would lead me if I had the appointment to select
him for a department if he were not a member of Congress. I cannot speak to Gen.
Harrison upon his cabinet, except thru the newspaper publicity unless he should ask me,
which I have no reason to suffice he will-- but I feel well assured he will not refer in his
appointments the fact that the applicant was or was not among his original friends or
preferred, as a first choice, any other man for the Presidency.
Mr. Montgomery from your city was

�[Page 2]
here a few days since, but has left for Louisville --- Gen. Harrison having been some days
in Kentucky, and expected to return that way home. I had not the pleasure of an
interview with Mr. M. when here, and therefore cannot speak of his objects or views.
I should think a greater, and better influence would be exerted upon Gen. Harrison
through his medium of letters from well known and discreet friends speaking of general
questions than from [afflications?] for particular persons.
I think I foresee that much of the new President’s power to do good, and carry forward
the work of reform, which he has before him will be frittered away in the scramble for
office. I respect this very much. I desire the reform to go forward, and the officers
chosen, having a steady eye to carrying that work out. In this, I think you will concur
with me.
The General’s visit to Kentucky will doubtless bring on an interview between him &amp; Mr.
Clay which I dare say will lead the way to a free and frank expression of men and things
In great haste
Truly your friend,
J.C. Wright
N. Sargent Esq.

�[Cover]

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                  <text>A selection of correspondence, diaries, official documents, photographs related to the American Civil War and to the institution of slavery, collected by Harvey E. Lemmen. The collection includes a selection of documents from ten states related to the ownership of slaves and abolition, correspondence and documents of soldiers who fought in the war and from family members and officials, diaries and letters of individuals, and a collection of mailing envelopes decorated with patriotic imagery.&#13;
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                    <text>[Page 1]
My dear Sir,

Ms. Beale informed me last summer by letter, that Mrs. Carter was not willing to give me
a separate table for less than $200 a month. I think that exorbitant with the simple
accommodations I require. True, I would not hesitate to give that or more for such
accommodations as I have at home. But they are not to be had at a Washington boarding
house. I shall therefore seek other quarters and if necessary you will oblige me by so
saying to Mrs. Carter. I am yet uncertain where I shall go. Now my dear friend is the
time for the K.N.s [Know Nothings] to dissolve their lodge &amp; concern with the outsiders
in an open

�[Page 2]
organization. Such a move would save us next year. Without that, rely on it they will be
beaten and let me add, they ought to be beaten. How can we who are true Americans out
of their Lodges expect to sustain nominations made in secret without our knowledge or
consent? Virginia, Georgia, North Carolina and Delaware at least, will oppose any
nominations made in secret. So I am informed will Kentucky. What there is to be done?
Are we to expect a dissolution of the secret lodge or must we be driven to adopt measures
for their defeat? I will submit to no such tyranny as is imposed by party obligation to vote
for candidates in whom nominations I am not allowed to participate. Besides

�[Page 3]
secrecy now subjects us to a load of obliging which we ought not to bear.
Please write me a line &amp; oblige.
Faithfully yours
John M Clayton
N. Sargent Esq.
Washington

�[Envelope]

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Buena Vista - Del
August 28. 1855:
My dear old Friend,
Your letter of the 26th instant is received, and I must say in reply to it, that if we could
procure the assent of the South and the North to the propositions contained in it, it would
in my opinion be as just and as equitable a basis for settlement as could well be made.
But alas! Who can control the mad passions now in operation? It is and has long been
my opinion that the settlement of 1850 would finally produce more disastrous
consequences than any thing which ever occurred. The fugitive slave clause in the
constitution was respected before that period. Now, it is in operation &amp; it has been so in
effort ever since that celebrated settlement. The embers of the volcano came then ignited
and the subsequent organization of a territorial government in Kansas without any guards
against foreign &amp; fraudulent voting only fanned the fire &amp; set it in a blaze.
Burton/Barton writes me that then are now three or four southern states which are nearly
unanimous for dissolution. Should within Cuba or any considerable part of either Mexico
or Canada be annexed, the danger would become still more imminent.
I would gladly lend my humble aid to this

�[Page 2]
schism proposed by you or any other schism which would quiet the country. But it is
impossible to foresee what will be practicable till we see the temper of the new Congress.
If bullying be now practiced as it has been by our section to effect its objects. I predict I
will fail. Let us watch the raging of the storm, prepared to throw oil on the troubled
waters whenever we can do it with the greatest effect. In the mean time let our motto be
never to despair of the Republic. Although destitute of all power and all influence to
rescue her from the abyss which yawns before us, yet I have so deep a love of our
institutions that I sometimes fancy I could imitate the old Roman generals and devote
myself to the informal Gods to secure victory to the Union in this struggle.
I return your paper as you requested and am as ever
Faithfully yours
J.M. Clayton

�</text>
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                    <text>[Page 1]
(Confidential)
Chippewa P.O. Delaware
June 1st, 1855
My dear Sir,
I see the anti Americans of Washington have adopted a vile trick to dispute your election
on Monday. It is to have talymen at the polls to record every Democratic vote before it is
voted; &amp; they advertise to all the faithful to have their votes thus recorded to “prevent
frauds.” With this record they will dispute the result altho’ they know will very many
who do their record will vote the A. ticket. Now you should call a K.N. [Know Nothing]
meeting in private without delay &amp; let every K.N. [Know Nothing] record his vote as anti
K.N. [Know Nothing] or Democratic &amp; then vote as he pleases &amp; languish[?] not the
Knows.
Ever truly yours
JM Clayton

�[Envelope]

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                    <text>[Page 1]
Chippewa P.O. Delaware
May 6. 1855
My dear friend,
I have been today visited with another severe attack of sickness; and if not too
inconvenient with you to say to Mrs. Carter that I cannot have here, till I am favoured
with a return of health. Let her not expect me till I write to you again.
This sickness which I fear proceeds from a disease of the heart has caused me pain &amp;
disappointment and much because. It postpones to an uncertain day the period of pleasure
I had anticipated in meeting you &amp; other dear friends in Washington.
Ever faithfully yours
John M. Clayton
Nathan Sargent Esq.
Washington

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Buena Vista-Del.
May 25. 1855
My dear friend,
I wrote you sometime since to say to Mrs. Carter not to expect me till I should inform her
I was better. Yesterday I had another attack in the region of the heart which frustrates
me. So please tell her not to keep rooms for me till I write again. I may not be able to go
to Washington as I hoped. But I don not yet despair. My physician tells me he can cure
me in a few weeks thoroughly. He says the affection is from sympathy with the liver &amp;
will be relieved. I had been treated for the wrong complaint.
I am in great suspense about Virginia. If our friends there had made an open organization
&amp; got rid of the secrecy, I should have had no apprehensions. In Wilmington when we
had near 500 majority last year with an open ticket, a secret nomination almost ruined us.
We elected the mayor by only 30 majority &amp; lost the treasurer by 80.
Every faithfully yours
John M. Clayton
Nathan Sargent Esq.
Washington, D. C.

�</text>
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                    <text>Buena Vista - Del April 27th 1855.
My dear friend,
Your kind letter of the 24th was this day received. I hasten to reply that whenever Mrs.
Carter shall inform me she is ready to receive me, I will start for Washington expecting to
be at her house next day. The short stop to the Library of Congress will just suit me.
Tell her my servant sleeps in my bedroom in which I wish her to put a cot down for him.
Tell her he is a very good quiet orderly fellow as black as the ace of spades. I think her
terms very reasonable. I may stay in Washington many months --- probably shall.
Then we must have our meetings every night &amp; a little and just such comforts as
will make this old Whigs happy.
I am dear Sargent
Ever faithfully &amp; affectionately
Your friend
John M Clayton
P.S. Please let me know what Mrs. C says by next mail
Nathan Sargent Esq.
Washington

�[Cover]

�</text>
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                    <text>[Page 1]
Chippewa Post Office – Del
April 18. 1855
My dear friend,
I hope to be able to return to Washington before hot weather. But perhaps engagements
here may not permit me.
I fear we are on the eve of a war to be begun like that with Mexico. Rely on it, something
extraordinary is in the wind. Look out &amp; stand from under!
Will you do me the favour to enquire of young Mr. Dickens &amp; of Mrs. Carter what they
would charge me for board &amp; lodging in Washington two large rooms &amp; airy – one a bed
room. Please make the enquiry in confidence for me. Their rooms are convenient to the
Capitol. Are they cool &amp; pleasant in Summer? Oblige me by not mentioning my
application to any third person till I write you. I am anxious to be near you &amp; converse
about old times. I like Bealis well -- but it is too far from the Capitol for an old man.
Ever faithfully yours
John M Clayton
Nathan Sargent Esq.
Washington, DC.

�</text>
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                    <text>[Page 1]
Buena Vista Del
Jany 17th 1853
My dear Sir,
I thank you sincerely for you kind letter. Was there ever seen in the history of this world,
a more villainous accusation than was made against me in the Senate, and a more
triumphant exposure of its authors! Gen Cass was once a school master in Wilmington
Delaware, and yet it seems he never learned Geography. British Honduras was never in
Central America; and Central America is a term which was never applied by any man
who knew what he was talking about to any thing but the five states of Central America,
called the Central American Confederation. The Balize was once a part of Yucatan
and the British settlement there, was called British Honduras, merely from the fact that it
lies on the bay of Honduras, by a part of which, it is divided from the Central American
state of Honduras. Its proper name ought to be British Yucatan. A school boy ought to be
flogged for not knowing Geography better than Mr. Cass, Downs &amp; Co. As to Weller, the
most stupid thing I ever did was to suffer him to remain in office till Erving turned him
out. I refused to pay his drafts; hence his tears! How does Mr. Cass feel under Mr.
Bragg’s letter &amp; Mr. King’s explanations? Was it not monstrous that Cass

�[Page 2]
should have reiterated his misrepresentations twice after he had conversed with King! Of
all who took part in the debate, Downs was by far the weakest man the greatest fool. I
suppose he has sense enough to come in out of the rain, but I think not much more.
I am dear Sir
Faithfully your friend
John M Clayton
N Sargeant Esq.
Washington
D.C.

�[Cover]

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My dear Sir,
Appreciating your deserved influence with the administration, my friend Nathan Sargent,
whose service as “Oliver Oldschool” we all appreciate, is desirous of enlisting it it in this
favor for an appointment, as head of a Bureau in this city – it will give me the highest
gratification to serve him in any way, consistent with the public interests, and I have no
doubt if you know him as well as I do, and you must at least by reputation, it will give
you equal pleasure to see justice done to one, who has so ably, so ardently, and so long
advocated Whig principles.
A letter from yourself to Mr. Meredith would I think be of

�[Page 2]
service to him.
Very respectfully &amp; truly
your friend &amp; obt servt
John M. Clayton
[Cover]

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State Dept 11 April/49
12 o’clock M.
My dear Friend,
If you can share time to come &amp; see me this night at 8 o’clock, you shall not be kept waiting &amp; I
shall be happy to see you. Last night I had a violent headache brought on by working 15 hours a
day &amp; could not see you or any one.
Truly your friend
M. Clayton
N Sargent Esqu

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                    <text>[Page 1]
Senate Chamber
Feb. 2 1845

My dear Sir,
Be careful I beg you not to bring any of us into a quarrel with Webb of a personal kind. It would
do harm to our cause to have any sort of controversy with him in the public papers. We shall
express our opinions on the whole subject at the proper time on the floor of the Senate.
Therefore decline any controversy with him if he is fool enough to invite one.
Rely on it that the party in power mean to barter away the tariff for a slip of Oregon. It will
require the united efforts of every Whig to resist this [?]
Truly your friend
John M Clayton
N. Sargeant Esq.

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                    <text>[Page 1]
March 25 1844
New Castle Del
(Confidential)
My dear Sir,
Yesterday I was called on by a friend who had ridden post haste from New York to inform me
that he was for Mr. Fillmore for V.P. and wished me to decline in his favour. I demurred,
alleging that New York had already had 1 P (V.B). &amp; 4 V.P’s Aaron Burr, George Clinton, Dl
Tompkins [Daniel D. Tompkins] &amp; Martin Van Buren. To this he replied that N.E. (Mass) had
held nearly one half the secretaries &amp; ministers not reckoning the multitude from Virginia, and
that Vạ &amp; Mass had governed the country nearly all the time [ab. urb. cond.]. I then told him
that Penna Maryland Del &amp; New Jersey (4 states) the “Middle Section” had never held a P. or a
V.P. &amp; yet they had a population four hundred thousand stronger than either N.Y. or N.E. This
seemed to astonish him. He looked like a man who had suddenly found out that New York was
not about ¾ of the United States!
This gentleman said that John Davis had resolved (&amp; he knew it) to decline at the Convention &amp;
that Abbot Lawson could not run because he was, like Davis, concerned in negotiating the loan
to Illinois &amp;c. &amp;c. (a d d bank of stuff) and that A.L. [Abbot Lawson] was weak, unfit &amp;c. &amp;c.
I told him I would decline if we could

�[Page 2]
agree on a Pennsylvanian &amp; proposed to go for John Sargeant the man who was our Candidate in
1832. But I thought I saw clearly this gentleman had been sent from N. York on purpose to aid
Mr. F’s nominations. He said if I would decline Mr. F. would certainly be nominated &amp; he &amp;
others wished me to be a member of Mr. C’s cabinet if elected. They abhorred Sergeant. – Now
at this step of our conversation I proposed to go for Frelinghuysen [Theodore Frelinghuysen] as
he was a N. Yorker at this time. He said “no – F. made speaker in the Senate against the Sunday
mails &amp; would not do to run against the champion of the Sunday mails (R[ichard] M. Johnson.)”
I asked him if Mr. Fillmore had not been charged in N.Y. with being inclined to abolition. He
seemed to admit he had been, but was not now.
I dismissed him by telling him a story of the girl about to be married who resolved on the first
night to present neither front nor rear to her new bed fellow, but to lie on her back and take what
should come. Such I was disposed to do.
But the fact is I am weary of being held up as a candidate for what I do not desire &amp; I hope
setback before many days to see my way clear for another round of (what the members of the
House call) “declination” – Alas barbarians!
Faithfully yours
John M. Clayton

N. Sargent Esqu.

�[Cover]

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(Confidential)
New Castle – Del. March 14 1844
My dear Sir,
I received your letter &amp; have written to friends to ask their advice about the best course for me to
adopt. I want harmony among friends above all things &amp; I want office last of all things. But
things are at a delicate pass &amp; if I return a new candidate will be started I think. What do you
really wish me to do? Be candid &amp; explicit. I shall like you the better for it &amp; it is your duty as a
true Whig to counsel me fully. I will obey friends, but am distracted by this contrariety of
opinions. You tell me, I shall ruin my party if I decline. You evidently think (do you not?) that I
ought to decline. The most pressing letters I have rec’d are from Penna. &amp; they all urge me to
serve if nominated and not to decline. What ought I to do?
I rejoice to hear that our old friend Webster is about to take his old position. You are right in
urging that we should be friends. If we are not, it shall not be my fault. I know that Clay still
rejoices in his friendship to our party - &amp; were he listed. I have no doubt Mr. W[ebster] would
again be useful to his country in a station worthy of his talents. -

Truly yours
John M. Clayton
N. Sargent Esq.

�[Cover]

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                    <text>[Page 2]
John Sargeant is my first choice for vice President. There is a deeper feeling than you are
aware of against Virginia &amp; Massachusetts at this time. Men say these two states have
ruled the country too long --- that Mr T. &amp; Mr W. have betrayed them and that two thirds
of the best offices in the government are filled from those two States. They say that were
the Cadets, &amp; the Midshipmen in the Navy have been distributed unjustly to all the other
states. Without inquiry into [text strikethrough]{all}the justice of all the clamour, it is
enough to know that a choice for any thing like the office of P. from either Virginia or
Massachusetts would be exceedingly injudicious at this time.
I write in confidence, - and I beg you to think well of what I have said.
Faithfully your friend
John M. Clayton
N. Sargent Esqu.
Philada.

�[Cover]

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                    <text>[Page 1]
(Confidential)
New Castle Del: Jany. 3d. 1842.
Dear Sir,
If the bill to pay [text crossed out] {Fren}from claims for French spoliations[?] prior to
1800 should become a law during the present session, or if any other bill to pay these
claims should pass during the present session or if a bill to establish a commission to
liquidate those claims should pass during the present session and either at this or any
future session a bill should pass Congress to pay those claims, you shall receive the first
twenty five hundred dollars to which I may become entitled in consequence of the
passage of either of said bills.
Please drop me a line stating how you think the cause of the claimants progresses.
Faithfully your friend
John M. Clayton
P.S. I am at present detained here by business. Could I be of any use at Washington?

�[Cover]

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                    <text>[Page 1]
Lockport, Sept. 8, 1855
Dear Sir:
I have received your letter and am gratified to know that our views of national affairs are
in accordance, now as in former and better days. I am living a retired life and had
intended to take no more active part in public affairs. But many friends called for my
opinion on the proposition to transform the Whig Party into a sectional faction. Having
decided views on the subject, I could not refuse to express them without shrinking from
an obvious entry.
Your plan of a compromise between the North and South is very judicious and valuable,
provided you can shew [show] that it is practicable. I would rejoice to see the contest
ended on such a basis. But who are the men in the South that will unite in the movement
and can they carry a sufficient number

�[Page 2]
of the Southern people with them to effort of any avail? There is the real difficulty, as I
apprehend. You are right in assuming that the present state of affairs is alarming, and
that some remedy must be found. It requires the wisest efforts of considerate and
patriotic men in both sections. I hope there may be a sufficient number of such men to
breast the torrent of sectional fanaticism. That indeed is our only hope. I am ready to
cooperate in all rational endeavors to restore national harmony, and revive the ancient
sentiments of paternity and loyalty to the Union.
I remain with great regards yours truly,
Washington Hunt

Nathan Sargent Esq.

�</text>
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                <text>Letter discussing the dangers of the Whig Party becoming a sectional faction.</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
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                <text>Sargent, Nathan, 1794-1875</text>
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                <text>Hitchcock, Henry, 1829-1902</text>
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                <text>Biddle, Alexander, 1819-1899</text>
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                <text>Whig Party (U.S.)</text>
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                <text>United States--Politics and government--19th century</text>
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                <text>United States--Officials and employees</text>
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                <text>Mobile (Ala.)</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="161050">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en"&gt;No Copyright - United States&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/471"&gt;Nathan Sargent papers, (RHC-44)&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1025750">
                <text>Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives</text>
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                    <text>����</text>
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                    <text>[Page 1]
Mobile 8 May 1839
My Dear Sir,
You will be surprised at what I am about to write. You were advised by me from day to day &amp;
even from hour to hour of my negotiation with the B.U.S. [Bank of the United States] in May
last, &amp; if I am not greatly mistaken will remember that I told you that the object of the B. in
advancing the additional sum of 100,000$ was as to improve the account ground mortgaged to
them as to raise the amt equal to the interest &amp; then to sell out as fast as time would admit
without transferring the property &amp; that as to that the B. would not expect me to pay faster then
the next 2 weeks from the property would give me means, now I returned [?] &amp; in less than six
mos. invested the money &amp; raised the amount 28,000 But lo! it now seems that the B. looks to its
Bond &amp; demands of

�[Page 2]
me 2/5 of the whole debt &amp; the inst [interest], &amp; in default thereof which have command
a foreclosure of the mortgage, &amp; threaten to sell me out unless I will at once deed the
whole property to them &amp; let them sell it out at public auction the first of July next ½
public the first of March following &amp; the rest in 1 &amp; 2 years at 8 pr ct inst half yearly all
payable in N. York a compound [?] has been going on between me &amp; Mr F- &amp; in Dec. in
which I have insisted that I had no expectation they would press me beyond the amts &amp;
the [?] of voluntary [seeks?] at fair prices, I suspected in Dec. that all was not fair on their
part &amp; offered them property at once at very low rates, they refused to take it, but
threatened suit, I in March appealed personally to Mr. Biddle, but

�[Page 3]
he slipped out of the [impossibility?] of the answer by resigning &amp; Mr. F is made to reply
in which he denies all knowledge or recollection of any conversation authorizing me to
expect delay beyond the Bond &amp; they have filed their [bill/bile?] – There is now no
doubt in my mind that they intend to take all the proof [?] &amp; turn me into the street.
Under these circumstances my course is taken I have told their solicitor that I will at once
pay the debt in property at low prices but that before they shall have a dime I will plead
the usury of the case &amp; deficit them, - The debt is wholly void principal &amp; inst, &amp; I only
want to pay the amount to [share?] it, on this point [I] shall [sound?] if they press me, but
[?] then I shall do the same &amp; pay them, I wish however to procure a copy of the usury
law of Pena [Pennsylvania] in form on the 25 May 1838. The debt is forfeited by their
own charter they having – over 6 pr ct inst, but I may want to use the usury law of your
state, I will thank you to

�[Page 4]
send me a copy of it. – I shall not defraud them out of their debt nor shall they defraud me out of
my estate, I have literally been under this which for the last 12 mos in improving this property &amp;
making it valuable I have added over 150,000 to it over &amp; above the improvements, &amp; to sell it
now at short audits will sacrifice it, in short there will be no bid on but the bank.
Yours truly H. Hitchcock
[Cover]

�</text>
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                  <text>Civil War and Slavery Collection</text>
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                  <text>United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865</text>
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                  <text>United States--Politics and government--19th century</text>
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                  <text>A selection of correspondence, diaries, official documents, photographs related to the American Civil War and to the institution of slavery, collected by Harvey E. Lemmen. The collection includes a selection of documents from ten states related to the ownership of slaves and abolition, correspondence and documents of soldiers who fought in the war and from family members and officials, diaries and letters of individuals, and a collection of mailing envelopes decorated with patriotic imagery.&#13;
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              <name>Creator</name>
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                  <text>Lemmen, Harvey E.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/472"&gt;Civil War and Slavery Collection (RHC-45)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/470"&gt;John Bennitt Diaries and Correspondence (RHC-43)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/471"&gt;Nathan Sargent Papers (RHC-44)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/478"&gt;Theodore Peticolas Diary (RHC-51)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/476"&gt;Civil War Patriotic Envelopes Collection (RHC-51)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/479"&gt;Whitely Read Diary (RHC-52)&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Special Collections &amp; University Archives</text>
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                  <text>1804-1897</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="86594">
                  <text>&lt;a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en"&gt;No Copyright - United States&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="86595">
                  <text>image/jpg; application/pdf&#13;
</text>
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              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="86596">
                  <text>eng</text>
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              <name>Type</name>
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                  <text>Image; Text</text>
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                  <text>1804-1897</text>
                </elementText>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="161012">
                <text>RHC-44_NS1-15465</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="161014">
                <text>Nathan Sargent from Henry Hitchcock, May 8, 1839</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="161015">
                <text>1839-05-08</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="39">
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="161016">
                <text>Hitchcock, Henry, 1829-1902.</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Letter discussing Hitchcock's recent negotiations with the Bank of the United States.</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Sargent, Nathan, 1794-1875</text>
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                <text>Clayton, John M. (John Middleton), 1796-1856</text>
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                <text>United States. Congress</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="161032">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en"&gt;No Copyright - United States&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://gvsu.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/471"&gt;Nathan Sargent papers, (RHC-44)&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Grand Valley State University. University Libraries. Lemmen Library and Archives</text>
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